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Belting K, Eisenhawer C, Merget R, Brüning T, Monsé C. Zinc fever in a painter and varnisher: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2024; 18:331. [PMID: 38982525 PMCID: PMC11234779 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-024-04651-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zinc fever is well described in medical literature, particularly in workers after handling zinc-containing materials at high temperatures e.g., in the welding of hot-dip galvanized steel sheets. It is not known whether zinc fever also occurs at low temperatures. CASE PRESENTATION We present the case of a 33-year-old Caucasian atopic painter and varnisher with work-related dyspnea, sweating, as well as multiple occurrences of fever. He was sent to Institute for Prevention and Occupational medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA) for the evaluation of isocyanate asthma, but an inhalative challenge with hexamethylene diisocyanate was negative. Since symptoms were closely related to the use of zinc coatings at room temperature without adequate protective measures, the diagnosis of zinc fever was made. After exposure cessation the worker immediately became symptom-free. The work as painter and varnisher may be associated with various exposures to hazardous substances. Besides solvents, epoxy compounds and isocyanates, which can cause obstructive respiratory diseases; additionally, zinc-containing agents should be considered as health hazards. CONCLUSIONS This case demonstrates that zinc fever may occur also after application of zinc coatings by spray painting at low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Belting
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Christian Eisenhawer
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Rolf Merget
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Christian Monsé
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
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2
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Schoofs H, Schmit J, Rink L. Zinc Toxicity: Understanding the Limits. Molecules 2024; 29:3130. [PMID: 38999082 PMCID: PMC11243279 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29133130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Zinc, a vital trace element, holds significant importance in numerous physiological processes within the body. It participates in over 300 enzymatic reactions, metabolic functions, regulation of gene expression, apoptosis and immune modulation, thereby demonstrating its essential role in maintaining overall health and well-being. While zinc deficiency is associated with significant health risks, an excess of this trace element can also lead to harmful effects. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 6.7 to 15 mg per day are referred to be the dietary reference value. An excess of the recommended daily intake may result in symptoms such as anemia, neutropenia and zinc-induced copper deficiency. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) defines the tolerable upper intake level (UL) as 25 mg per day, whereas the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) allows 40 mg per day. This review will summarize the current knowledge regarding the calculation of UL and other health risks associated with zinc. For example, zinc intake is not limited to oral consumption; other routes, such as inhalation or topical application, may also pose risks of zinc intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Schoofs
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Joyce Schmit
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Lothar Rink
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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3
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Wu J, Ding X, Pang Y, Liu Q, Lei J, Zhang H, Zhang T. Research advance of occupational exposure risks and toxic effects of semiconductor nanomaterials. J Appl Toxicol 2024. [PMID: 38837250 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, semiconductor nanomaterials, as one of the most promising and applied classes of engineered nanomaterials, have been widely used in industries such as photovoltaics, electronic devices, and biomedicine. However, occupational exposure is unavoidable during the production, use, and disposal stages of products containing these materials, thus posing potential health risks to workers. The intricacies of the work environment present challenges in obtaining comprehensive data on such exposure. Consequently, there remains a significant gap in understanding the exposure risks and toxic effects associated with semiconductor nanomaterials. This paper provides an overview of the current classification and applications of typical semiconductor nanomaterials. It also delves into the existing state of occupational exposure, methodologies for exposure assessment, and prevailing occupational exposure limits. Furthermore, relevant epidemiological studies are examined. Subsequently, the review scrutinizes the toxicity of semiconductor nanomaterials concerning target organ toxicity, toxicity mechanisms, and influencing factors. The aim of this review is to lay the groundwork for enhancing the assessment of occupational exposure to semiconductor nanomaterials, optimizing occupational exposure limits, and promoting environmentally sustainable development practices in this domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaomeng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanting Pang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jialin Lei
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haopeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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4
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Thoma T, Ma-Hock L, Schneider S, Honarvar N, Treumann S, Groeters S, Strauss V, Marxfeld H, Funk-Weyer D, Seiffert S, Wohlleben W, Dammann M, Wiench K, Lombaert N, Spirlet C, Vasquez M, Dewhurst N, Landsiedel R. Toxicological inhalation studies in rats to substantiate grouping of zinc oxide nanoforms. Part Fibre Toxicol 2024; 21:24. [PMID: 38760761 PMCID: PMC11100124 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-024-00572-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Significant variations exist in the forms of ZnO, making it impossible to test all forms in in vivo inhalation studies. Hence, grouping and read-across is a common approach under REACH to evaluate the toxicological profile of familiar substances. The objective of this paper is to investigate the potential role of dissolution, size, or coating in grouping ZnO (nano)forms for the purpose of hazard assessment. We performed a 90-day inhalation study (OECD test guideline no. (TG) 413) in rats combined with a reproduction/developmental (neuro)toxicity screening test (TG 421/424/426) with coated and uncoated ZnO nanoforms in comparison with microscale ZnO particles and soluble zinc sulfate. In addition, genotoxicity in the nasal cavity, lungs, liver, and bone marrow was examined via comet assay (TG 489) after 14-day inhalation exposure. RESULTS ZnO nanoparticles caused local toxicity in the respiratory tract. Systemic effects that were not related to the local irritation were not observed. There was no indication of impaired fertility, developmental toxicity, or developmental neurotoxicity. No indication for genotoxicity of any of the test substances was observed. Local effects were similar across the different ZnO test substances and were reversible after the end of the exposure. CONCLUSION With exception of local toxicity, this study could not confirm the occasional findings in some of the previous studies regarding the above-mentioned toxicological endpoints. The two representative ZnO nanoforms and the microscale particles showed similar local effects. The ZnO nanoforms most likely exhibit their effects by zinc ions as no particles could be detected after the end of the exposure, and exposure to rapidly soluble zinc sulfate had similar effects. Obviously, material differences between the ZnO particles do not substantially alter their toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics. The grouping of ZnO nanoforms into a set of similar nanoforms is justified by these observations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lan Ma-Hock
- BASF SE, Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Steffen Schneider
- BASF SE, Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Naveed Honarvar
- BASF SE, Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Silke Treumann
- BASF SE, Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Sibylle Groeters
- BASF SE, Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Volker Strauss
- BASF SE, Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Heike Marxfeld
- BASF SE, Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Dorothee Funk-Weyer
- BASF SE, Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Svenja Seiffert
- BASF SE, Analytical and Material Science, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Wendel Wohlleben
- BASF SE, Analytical and Material Science, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Martina Dammann
- BASF SE, Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Karin Wiench
- BASF SE, Product Stewardship, Regulatory Toxicology Chemicals, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Robert Landsiedel
- BASF SE, Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany.
- Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Solorio-Rodriguez SA, Wu D, Boyadzhiev A, Christ C, Williams A, Halappanavar S. A Systematic Genotoxicity Assessment of a Suite of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Reveals Their DNA Damaging and Clastogenic Potential. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:743. [PMID: 38727337 PMCID: PMC11085103 DOI: 10.3390/nano14090743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Metal oxide nanoparticles (MONP/s) induce DNA damage, which is influenced by their physicochemical properties. In this study, the high-throughput CometChip and micronucleus (MicroFlow) assays were used to investigate DNA and chromosomal damage in mouse lung epithelial cells induced by nano and bulk sizes of zinc oxide, copper oxide, manganese oxide, nickel oxide, aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, titanium dioxide, and iron oxide. Ionic forms of MONPs were also included. The study evaluated the impact of solubility, surface coating, and particle size on response. Correlation analysis showed that solubility in the cell culture medium was positively associated with response in both assays, with the nano form showing the same or higher response than larger particles. A subtle reduction in DNA damage response was observed post-exposure to some surface-coated MONPs. The observed difference in genotoxicity highlighted the mechanistic differences in the MONP-induced response, possibly influenced by both particle stability and chemical composition. The results highlight that combinations of properties influence response to MONPs and that solubility alone, while playing an important role, is not enough to explain the observed toxicity. The results have implications on the potential application of read-across strategies in support of human health risk assessment of MONPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Aidee Solorio-Rodriguez
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A0K9, Canada; (S.A.S.-R.); (D.W.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (A.W.)
| | - Dongmei Wu
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A0K9, Canada; (S.A.S.-R.); (D.W.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (A.W.)
| | - Andrey Boyadzhiev
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A0K9, Canada; (S.A.S.-R.); (D.W.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (A.W.)
| | - Callum Christ
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A0K9, Canada; (S.A.S.-R.); (D.W.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (A.W.)
| | - Andrew Williams
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A0K9, Canada; (S.A.S.-R.); (D.W.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (A.W.)
| | - Sabina Halappanavar
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A0K9, Canada; (S.A.S.-R.); (D.W.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (A.W.)
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N6N5, Canada
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6
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Danielsen PH, Poulsen SS, Knudsen KB, Clausen PA, Jensen KA, Wallin H, Vogel U. Physicochemical properties of 26 carbon nanotubes as predictors for pulmonary inflammation and acute phase response in mice following intratracheal lung exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 107:104413. [PMID: 38485102 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) vary in physicochemical properties which makes risk assessment challenging. Mice were pulmonary exposed to 26 well-characterized CNTs using the same experimental design and followed for one day, 28 days or 3 months. This resulted in a unique dataset, which was used to identify physicochemical predictors of pulmonary inflammation and systemic acute phase response. MWCNT diameter and SWCNT specific surface area were predictive of lower and higher neutrophil influx, respectively. Manganese and iron were shown to be predictive of higher neutrophil influx at day 1 post-exposure, whereas nickel content interestingly was predictive of lower neutrophil influx at all three time points and of lowered acute phase response at day 1 and 3 months post-exposure. It was not possible to separate effects of properties such as specific surface area and length in the multiple regression analyses due to co-variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pernille Høgh Danielsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), 105 Lersø Parkallé, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Sarah Søs Poulsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), 105 Lersø Parkallé, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Kristina Bram Knudsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), 105 Lersø Parkallé, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Per Axel Clausen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), 105 Lersø Parkallé, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Keld Alstrup Jensen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), 105 Lersø Parkallé, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Håkan Wallin
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Pb 5330 Majorstuen, Oslo 0304, Norway; Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, Copenhagen K DK-1014, Denmark
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), 105 Lersø Parkallé, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; DTU Food, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Anker Engelunds Vej 1, Lyngby DK-2800 Kgs, Denmark.
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7
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Vogel U, Saber AT, Jacobsen NR, Danielsen PH, Hougaard KS, Hadrup N. Re-evaluation of the occupational exposure limit for ZnO is warranted. Comments on 'Systemic inflammatory effects of zinc oxide particles: is a re-evaluation of exposure limits needed?' by Christian Monsé et al. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:567-569. [PMID: 38038737 PMCID: PMC10794257 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03634-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Anne T Saber
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicklas R Jacobsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Karin S Hougaard
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Hadrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
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8
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Liu S, Zhou H, Shi Y, Yi S, Wang X, Li J, Liao B, Cao J, Li G. Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Induce Renal Injury by Initiating Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Damage and Apoptosis in Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:481-492. [PMID: 37119342 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03683-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are widely used in many fields due to their unique physicochemical properties. However, the renal toxicity of ZnO NPs and the underlying mechanisms have not been well studied. We found that ZnO NPs induced injury in human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) in a dose- and size-dependent manner, as revealed by CCK-8, LDH and Annexin V-FITC assays. Mechanistically, ZnO NPs promoted oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage by generating ROS and induced apoptosis in HK-2 cells, as evidenced by the upregulation of Bax and Caspase 3 and downregulation of Beclin 1. In vivo, ZnO NPs induced tubular epithelial cell apoptosis and increased serum creatinine, serum urea nitrogen, and urinary protein in mice, suggesting damage to renal structure and function. These findings clarified our understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying ZnO NP-induced renal tubular epithelial cell injury and contributed to estimating the risk of ZnO NPs to the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University and Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Han Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University and Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Yang Shi
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University and Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Simeng Yi
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University and Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University and Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Jingyan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Bin Liao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Jimin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, and the Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030607, China.
| | - Guang Li
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University and Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
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9
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Li Y, Li J, Li M, Sun J, Shang X, Ma Y. Biological mechanism of ZnO nanomaterials. J Appl Toxicol 2024; 44:107-117. [PMID: 37518903 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Modern nanotechnology has made zinc oxide nanomaterials (ZnO NMts) multifunctional, stable, and low cost, enabling them to be widely used in commercial and biomedical fields. With its wide application, the risk of human direct contact and their release into the environment also increases. This review aims to summarize the toxicity studies of ZnO NMts in vivo, including neurotoxicity, inhalation toxicity, and reproductive toxicity. The antibacterial and antiviral mechanisms of ZnO NMts in vitro and the toxicity to eukaryotic cells were summarized. The summary found that it was mainly related to reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by oxidative stress. It also discusses the potential harm to body and the favorable prospects of the widespread use of antibacterial and antiviral in the future medical field. The review also emphasizes that the dosage and use method of ZnO NMts will be the focus of future biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiwen Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaofen Shang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yonghua Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, China
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10
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Boyadzhiev A, Wu D, Avramescu ML, Williams A, Rasmussen P, Halappanavar S. Toxicity of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: Looking through the Lens of Toxicogenomics. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:529. [PMID: 38203705 PMCID: PMC10779048 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The impact of solubility on the toxicity of metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs) requires further exploration to ascertain the impact of the dissolved and particulate species on response. In this study, FE1 mouse lung epithelial cells were exposed for 2-48 h to 4 MONPs of varying solubility: zinc oxide, nickel oxide, aluminum oxide, and titanium dioxide, in addition to microparticle analogues and metal chloride equivalents. Previously published data from FE1 cells exposed for 2-48 h to copper oxide and copper chloride were examined in the context of exposures in the present study. Viability was assessed using Trypan Blue staining and transcriptomic responses via microarray analysis. Results indicate material solubility is not the sole property governing MONP toxicity. Transcriptional signaling through the 'HIF-1α Signaling' pathway describes the response to hypoxia, which also includes genes associated with processes such as oxidative stress and unfolded protein responses and represents a conserved response across all MONPs tested. The number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in this pathway correlated with apical toxicity, and a panel of the top ten ranked DEGs was constructed (Hmox1, Hspa1a, Hspa1b, Mmp10, Adm, Serpine1, Slc2a1, Egln1, Rasd1, Hk2), highlighting mechanistic differences among tested MONPs. The HIF-1α pathway is proposed as a biomarker of MONP exposure and toxicity that can help prioritize MONPs for further evaluation and guide specific testing strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Boyadzhiev
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada; (A.B.); (D.W.); (M.-L.A.); (A.W.); (P.R.)
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Dongmei Wu
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada; (A.B.); (D.W.); (M.-L.A.); (A.W.); (P.R.)
| | - Mary-Luyza Avramescu
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada; (A.B.); (D.W.); (M.-L.A.); (A.W.); (P.R.)
| | - Andrew Williams
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada; (A.B.); (D.W.); (M.-L.A.); (A.W.); (P.R.)
| | - Pat Rasmussen
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada; (A.B.); (D.W.); (M.-L.A.); (A.W.); (P.R.)
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Sabina Halappanavar
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada; (A.B.); (D.W.); (M.-L.A.); (A.W.); (P.R.)
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
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11
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Szűcs-Somlyó É, Lehel J, Májlinger K, Tóth F, Jerzsele Á, Kővágó C. Immune response to zinc oxide inhalation in metal fume fever, and the possible role of IL-17f. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22239. [PMID: 38097754 PMCID: PMC10721908 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49430-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal fume fever (MFF) is a work-related disease caused by the inhalation of metal particles, including zinc oxide. Chronic asthma may develop as a long-term consequence of exposure, particularly for welders and metal workers who are most at risk. In this study, we investigated the effects of ZnO fume inhalation on multiple inflammation-related cytokine- and cytokine receptor genes in mice from lung and lymph node samples, to explore the role of these in the pathogenesis of MFF. In our experiments, the animals were treated with a sub-toxic amount of ZnO fume for 4 h a day for 3 consecutive days. Sampling occurred 3 and 12 h post-treatment. We are the first to demonstrate that ZnO inhalation causes extremely increased levels of IL-17f gene expression at both sampling time points, in addition to increased gene expression rates of several other interleukins and cytokines, such as IL-4, IL-13, CXCL5, CSF-3, and IFN-γ. Our animal experiment provides new insights into the immunological processes of early metal fume fever development. IL-17f plays a crucial role in connecting immunological and oxidative stress events. The increased levels of IL-4 and IL-13 cytokines may explain the development of long-term allergic asthma after exposure to ZnO nanoparticles, which is well-known among welders, smelters, and metal workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éva Szűcs-Somlyó
- Department of Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine, Istvan str. 2., 1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - József Lehel
- Department of Food Hygiene, University of Veterinary Medicine, Istvan str. 2., 1078, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Kornél Májlinger
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Bertalan Lajos str. 7., 1111, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-BME Lendület Composite Research Group, Bertalan Lajos str. 7., 1111, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Fruzsina Tóth
- University of Veterinary Medicine, Istvan str. 2., 1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ákos Jerzsele
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Istvan Str. 2., 1078, Budapest, Hungary
- National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine H-1078, Istvan str. 2., Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csaba Kővágó
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Istvan Str. 2., 1078, Budapest, Hungary
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12
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Lee MKH, Lim HK, Su C, Koh JYC, Setyawati MI, Ng KW, Hou HW, Tay CY. 3D Airway Epithelial-Fibroblast Biomimetic Microfluidic Platform to Unravel Engineered Nanoparticle-Induced Acute Stress Responses as Exposome Determinants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:19223-19235. [PMID: 37933439 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c03678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Insights into how biological systems respond to high- and low-dose acute environmental stressors are a fundamental aspect of exposome research. However, studying the impact of low-level environmental exposure in conventional in vitro settings is challenging. This study employed a three-dimensional (3D) biomimetic microfluidic lung-on-chip (μLOC) platform and RNA-sequencing to examine the effects of two model anthropogenic engineered nanoparticles (NPs): zinc oxide nanoparticles (Nano-ZnO) and copier center nanoparticles (Nano-CCP). The airway epithelium exposed to these NPs exhibited dose-dependent increases in cytotoxicity and barrier dysregulation (dominance of the external exposome). Interestingly, even nontoxic and low-level exposure (10 μg/mL) of the epithelium compartment to Nano-ZnO triggered chemotaxis of lung fibroblasts toward the epithelium. An increase in α smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression and contractile activity was also observed in these cells, indicating a bystander-like adaptive response (dominance of internal exposome). Further bioinformatics and network analysis showed that a low-dose Nano-ZnO significantly induced a robust transcriptomic response and upregulated several hub genes associated with the development of lung fibrosis. We propose that Nano-ZnO, even at a no observable effect level (NOEL) dose according to conventional standards, can function as a potent nanostressor to disrupt airway epithelium homeostasis. This leads to a cascade of profibrotic events in a cross-tissue compartment fashion. Our findings offer new insights into the early acute events of respiratory harm associated with environmental NPs exposure, paving the way for better exposomic understanding of this emerging class of anthropogenic nanopollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Kao Hui Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, N4.1, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Hong Kit Lim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, N4.1, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Chengxun Su
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, Clinical Sciences Building Level 11, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - Jie Yan Cheryl Koh
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, N4.1, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, 1 CleanTech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141, Singapore
| | - Magdiel Inggrid Setyawati
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, N4.1, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Kee Woei Ng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, N4.1, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, 1 CleanTech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141, Singapore
- Center for Sustainable Materials (SusMat), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637553, Singapore
| | - Han Wei Hou
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, Clinical Sciences Building Level 11, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - Chor Yong Tay
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, N4.1, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, 1 CleanTech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141, Singapore
- Center for Sustainable Materials (SusMat), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637553, Singapore
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13
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Chen T, Zhang L, Yao L, Luan J, Zhou X, Cong R, Guo X, Qin C, Song N. Zinc oxide nanoparticles-induced testis damage at single-cell resolution: Depletion of spermatogonia reservoir and disorder of Sertoli cell homeostasis. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 181:108292. [PMID: 37918063 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
The widespread application of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in our daily life has initiated an enhanced awareness of their biosafety concern. An incredible boom of evidence of organismal disorder has accumulated for ZnO NPs, yet there has been no relevant study at the single-cell level. Here, we profiled > 28,000 single-cell transcriptomes and assayed > 25,000 genes in testicular tissues from two healthy Sprague Dawley (SD) rats and two SD rats orally exposed to ZnO NPs. We identified 10 cell types in the rat testis. ZnO NPs had more deleterious effects on spermatogonia, Sertoli cells, and macrophages than on the other cell types. Cell-cell communication analysis indicated a sharp decrease of interaction intensity for all cell types except macrophages in the ZnO NPs group than in the control group. Interestingly, two distinct maturation states of spermatogonia were detected during pseudotime analysis, and ZnO NPs induced reservoir exhaustion of undifferentiated spermatogonia. Mechanically, ZnO NPs triggered fatty acid accumulation in GC-1 cells through protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα)/acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (Acox1) axis, contributing to cell apoptosis. In terms of Sertoli cells, downregulated genes were highly enriched for tight junction. In vitro and in vivo experiments verified that ZnO NPs disrupted blood-testis barrier formation and growth factors synthesis, which subsequently inhibited the proliferation and induced the apoptosis of spermatogonia. As for the macrophages, ZnO NPs activated oxidative stress of Raw264.7 cells through nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway and promoted cell apoptosis through extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 pathway. Collectively, our work reveals the cell type-specific and cellularly heterogenetic mechanism of ZnO NPs-induced testis damage and paves the path for identifying putative biomarkers and therapeutics against this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210000 Nanjing, PR China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Women and Children Diseases, Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, 250001 Jinan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defect Prevention and Genetic Medicine of Shandong Health Commission, Shandong University, 250001 Jinan, PR China
| | - Liangyu Yao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210000 Nanjing, PR China
| | - Jiaochen Luan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210000 Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210000 Nanjing, PR China
| | - Rong Cong
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210000 Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xuejiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Qin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210000 Nanjing, PR China.
| | - Ninghong Song
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210000 Nanjing, PR China.
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14
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Takesono A, Dimitriadou S, Clark NJ, Handy RD, Mourabit S, Winter MJ, Kudoh T, Tyler CR. Zinc oxide nanoparticles disrupt development and function of the olfactory sensory system impairing olfaction-mediated behaviour in zebrafish. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 180:108227. [PMID: 37826893 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is an essential metal present in numerous enzymes throughout the body, playing a vital role in animal and human health. However, the increasing use of zinc oxide nanomaterials (ZnONPs) in a diverse range of products has raised concerns regarding their potential impacts on health and the environment. Despite these concerns, the toxicity of ZnONP exposure on animal health remain poorly understood. To help address this knowledge gap, we have developed a highly sensitive oxidative stress (OS) biosensor zebrafish capable of detecting cell/tissue-specific OS responses to low doses of various oxidative stressors, including Zn, in a live fish embryo. Using live-imaging analysis with this biosensor zebrafish embryo, we discovered that the olfactory sensory neurons in the brain are especially sensitive to ZnOP exposure. Furthermore, through studies monitoring neutrophil migration and neuronal activation in the embryonic brain and via behaviour analysis, we have found that sub-lethal doses of ZnONPs (ranging from 0.033 to 1 mg/L nominal concentrations), which had no visible effect on embryo growth or morphology, cause significant localised inflammation, disrupting the neurophysiology of olfactory brain tissues and ultimately impaired olfaction-mediated behaviour. Collectively, these findings establish a potent and important effect mechanism for ZnONP toxicity, indicating the olfactory sensory system as the primary target for ZnONPs as an environmental toxicant in aquatic environments. Our result also highlights that even low doses of ZnONPs can have detrimental effects on the olfactory sensory system, surpassing previous expectations. The importance of olfaction in environment sensing, sex behaviours and overall fitness across species raises concerns about the potential impact of ZnONPs on olfaction-mediated brain function and behaviour in animals and humans. Our study emphasises the need for greater consideration of the potential risks associated with these nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Takesono
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, United Kingdom.
| | - Sylvia Dimitriadou
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, United Kingdom
| | - Nathaniel J Clark
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, United Kingdom
| | - Richard D Handy
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, United Kingdom
| | - Sulayman Mourabit
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J Winter
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, United Kingdom
| | - Tetsuhiro Kudoh
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, United Kingdom
| | - Charles R Tyler
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, United Kingdom.
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15
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Monsé C, Merget R, Bünger J, Pallapies D, Brüning T. Systemic inflammatory effects of zinc oxide particles: is a re-evaluation of exposure limits needed? Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:2813-2818. [PMID: 37566122 PMCID: PMC10474974 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03567-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to airborne substances such as gases, vapours, and particles remains a relevant health risk in many workplaces. A current topic and cause for discussion is the investigation of the health effects of particles containing zinc oxide (ZnO). Among other data, those collected from our study on human exposure data of ZnO in 2018 prompted the National Research Centre for the Working Environment 2021 to formulate a new, sharply lowered proposed occupational exposure limit (OEL) for zinc in workplaces. Since the publication of the Danish report, further studies have been conducted with ZnO. In the following text, all arguments for deriving this new limit value for zinc from the report are discussed, extended with the more recent data since 2018. It should be noted that especially the application of time extrapolation factors needs further discussion and harmonization between regulatory authorities. From our point of view, the data situation can justify a higher OEL for zinc than that proposed by the Danish National Research Centre for the Working Environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Monsé
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-La-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Rolf Merget
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-La-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jürgen Bünger
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-La-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Dirk Pallapies
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-La-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-La-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
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16
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Hadrup N, Sahlgren N, Jacobsen NR, Saber AT, Hougaard KS, Vogel U, Jensen KA. Toxicity dose descriptors from animal inhalation studies of 13 nanomaterials and their bulk and ionic counterparts and variation with primary particle characteristics. Nanotoxicology 2023:1-34. [PMID: 37300873 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2023.2221728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study collects toxicity data from animal inhalation studies of some nanomaterials and their bulk and ionic counterparts. To allow potential grouping and interpretations, we retrieved the primary physicochemical and exposure data to the extent possible for each of the materials. Reviewed materials are compounds (mainly elements, oxides and salts) of carbon (carbon black, carbon nanotubes, and graphene), silver, cerium, cobalt, copper, iron, nickel, silicium (amorphous silica and quartz), titanium (titanium dioxide), and zinc (chemical symbols: Ag, C, Ce, Co, Cu, Fe, Ni, Si, Ti, TiO2, and Zn). Collected endpoints are: a) pulmonary inflammation, measured as neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid at 0-24 hours after last exposure; and b) genotoxicity/carcinogenicity. We present the dose descriptors no-observed-adverse-effect concentrations (NOAECs) and lowest-observed-adverse-effect concentrations (LOAECs) for 88 nanomaterial investigations in data-library and graph formats. We also calculate 'the value where 25% of exposed animals develop tumors' (T25) for carcinogenicity studies. We describe how the data may be used for hazard assessment of the materials using carbon black as an example. The collected data also enable hazard comparison between different materials. An important observation for poorly soluble particles is that the NOAEC for neutrophil numbers in general lies around 1 to 2 mg/m3. We further discuss why some materials' dose descriptors deviate from this level, likely reflecting the effects of the ionic form and effects of the fiber-shape. Finally, we discuss that long-term studies, in general, provide the lowest dose descriptors, and dose descriptors are positively correlated with particle size for near-spherical materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Hadrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
- Research group for risk-benefit, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Nicklas Sahlgren
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicklas R Jacobsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne T Saber
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karin S Hougaard
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Keld A Jensen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
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17
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Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Lei Y, Wu J, Kang Y, Zheng S, Shao L. MDM2 upregulation induces mitophagy deficiency via Mic60 ubiquitination in fetal microglial inflammation and consequently neuronal DNA damage caused by exposure to ZnO-NPs during pregnancy. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 457:131750. [PMID: 37315416 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
During pregnancy, the human body is quite vulnerable to external stimuli. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are widely used in daily life, and they enter the human body via environmental or biomedical exposure, thus having potential risks. Although accumulating studies have demonstrated the toxic effects of ZnO-NPs, few studies have addressed the effect of prenatal ZnO-NP exposure on fetal brain tissue development. Here, we systematically studied ZnO-NP-induced fetal brain damage and the underlying mechanism. Using in vivo and in vitro assays, we found that ZnO-NPs could cross the underdeveloped bloodbrain barrier and enter fetal brain tissue, where they could be endocytosed by microglia. ZnO-NP exposure impaired mitochondrial function and induced autophagosome overaccumulation by downregulation of Mic60, thus inducing microglial inflammation. Mechanistically, ZnO-NPs increased Mic60 ubiquitination by activating MDM2, resulting in imbalanced mitochondrial homeostasis. Inhibition of Mic60 ubiquitination by MDM2 silencing significantly attenuated the mitochondrial damage induced by ZnO-NPs, thereby preventing autophagosome overaccumulation and reducing ZnO-NP-mediated inflammation and neuronal DNA damage. Our results demonstrate that ZnO-NPs are likely to disrupt mitochondrial homeostasis, inducing abnormal autophagic flux and microglial inflammation and secondary neuronal damage in the fetus. We hope the information provided in our study will improve the understanding of the effects of prenatal ZnO-NP exposure on fetal brain tissue development and draw more attention to the daily use of and therapeutic exposure to ZnO-NPs among pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yulin Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Ye Lei
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853 China
| | - Junrong Wu
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Yiyuan Kang
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Shuo Zheng
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Longquan Shao
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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18
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Krabbe J, Hansen C, Otte N, Kraus T. Short-term exposure to zinc- and copper-containing welding fumes: Effects on pulmonary function in humans. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 78:127169. [PMID: 37004479 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Zinc- and copper-containing welding fumes typically induce a systemic inflammation indicated by increase in C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, also known as welding fume fever. It typically includes symptoms like fever, myalgia or headaches, but only a quarter of patients experience respiratory symptoms, e.g. coughing. This retrospective analysis of data of three studies with either control (filtered air) or zinc- and copper-containing welding fume exposure aims to identify and characterize the effect of the welding fumes on lung function. Spirometry and body plethysmography data of male healthy volunteers were analyzed and comparisons between different timepoints after a 6 h exposure were conducted. For controls no significant changes in spirometry were observed between baseline and 6 h, 24 h and 1 week after exposure. For volunteers exposed to zinc- and copper-containing welding fumes no significant reductions in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and minimal reductions in vital capacity (VC) (52 ml, 0.9%) were detected after 6 h. After 24 h significant reductions in FEV1 (147 ml, 3.2%) and VC (162 ml, 2.9%) could be observed. 1 week after exposure FEV1 was still significantly reduced (102 ml, 2.1%) and airway resistance were increased while no differences in VC were detected. The reduction of FEV1% after 24 week significantly correlated with increases in CRP levels. In conclusion, a single exposure to zinc- and copper-containing welding fumes leads not only to a systemic inflammation but could also induce slight sustained airway constrictions after 24 h and 1 week. The observed slight airway constriction is not caused by immediate effects but possibly inflammatory processes. Although welding fume fever does not necessarily present respiratory symptoms, welders exposed to zinc- and copper-containing welding fumes should be monitored for respiratory symptoms and obstructive ventilation pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Krabbe
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Christine Hansen
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Nelly Otte
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Kraus
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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19
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Szűcs-Somlyó É, Lehel J, Májlinger K, Lőrincz M, Kővágó C. Metal-oxide inhalation induced fever - Immuntoxicological aspects of welding fumes. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 175:113722. [PMID: 36907501 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Metal fume fever is a well-known occupational disease that arises from prolonged exposure to subtoxic levels of zinc oxide-containing fumes or dust. This review article aims to identify and examine the possible immunotoxicological effects of inhaled zinc oxide nanoparticles. The current most widely accepted pathomechanism for the development of the disease involves the formation of reactive oxygen species following the entry of zinc oxide particles into the alveolus resulting the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines by activation of the Nuclear Factor Kappa B transcriptional signal, thus evoking the symptoms. The role of metallothionein in inducing tolerance is believed to be a key factor in mitigating the development of metal fume fever. The other, poorly proven hypothetical route is that zinc-oxide particles bind to an undefined protein in the body as haptens to form an antigen and act as an allergen. After activation of the immune system, primary antibodies and immune complexes are developed and type 1. hypersensitivity reaction occurs, that can cause asthmatic dyspnoea, urticaria and angioedema. The development of tolerance is explained by the formation of secondary antibodies against primary antibodies. Oxidative stress and immunological processes cannot be completely separated from each other, as they can induce each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éva Szűcs-Somlyó
- University of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases, Budapest, Hungary
| | - József Lehel
- University of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Food Hygiene, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kornél Májlinger
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Márta Lőrincz
- University of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csaba Kővágó
- University of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Budapest, Hungary.
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20
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Rohilla S, Rohilla A, Narwal S, Dureja H, Bhagwat DP. Global Trends of Cosmeceutical in Nanotechnology: A Review. Pharm Nanotechnol 2023; 11:410-424. [PMID: 37157203 DOI: 10.2174/2211738511666230508161611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology suggests different innovative solutions to augment the worth of cosmetic products through the targeted delivery of content that manifests scientific innovation in research and development. Different nanosystems, like liposomes, niosomes, microemulsions, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanoform lipid carriers, nanoemulsions, and nanospheres, are employed in cosmetics. These nanosystems exhibit various innovative cosmetic functions, including site-specific targeting, controlled content release, more stability, improved skin penetration and enhanced entrapment efficiency of loaded compounds. Thus, cosmeceuticals are assumed as the highest-progressing fragment of the personal care industries that have progressed drastically over the years. In recent decades, cosmetic science has widened the origin of its application in different fields. Nanosystems in cosmetics are beneficial in treating different conditions like hyperpigmentation, wrinkles, dandruff, photoaging and hair damage. This review highlights the different nanosystems used in cosmetics for the targeted delivery of loaded content and commercially available formulations. Moreover, this review article has delineated different patented nanocosmetic formulation nanosystems and future aspects of nanocarriers in cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Rohilla
- Department of Pharmacy, Panipat Institute of Engineering and Technology (PIET), Smalkha, Panipat, Haryana, 132102, India
| | - Ankur Rohilla
- Department of Pharmacology, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, 140413, Mohali, India
| | - Sonia Narwal
- Department of Pharmacy, Panipat Institute of Engineering and Technology (PIET), Smalkha, Panipat, Haryana, 132102, India
| | - Harish Dureja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Deepak Prabhakar Bhagwat
- Department of Pharmacy, Panipat Institute of Engineering and Technology (PIET), Smalkha, Panipat, Haryana, 132102, India
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21
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Gopal J, Hua PY, Muthu M, Wu HF. A MALDI-MS-based impact assessment of ZnO nanoparticles, nanorods and quantum dots on the lipid profile of bacterial pathogens. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 15:87-98. [PMID: 36484165 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay01640k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
MALDI-MS was used for studying the impact of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanomaterials on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The growth patterns of both these bacterial pathogens in the presence of the ZnO nanomaterials and the subsequent lipidomic changes were assessed using an optimized simple, rapid MALDI-MS based methodology. All three nanostructures tested exhibited differential bactericidal activity unique to P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. The results indicated that the ZnO nanomaterials were highly inhibitory to S. aureus even at 70 mg L-1, while in the case of P. aeruginosa, the ZnO nanomaterials were compatible for up to 10 h and beyond 10 h only marginal growth inhibition was observed. The results proved that the shapes of the ZnO nanomaterials did not affect their toxicity properties. MALDI-MS was applied to study the lipidomic changes of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus after nanomaterial treatment, in order to throw light on the mechanism of growth inhibition. The results from the MALDI-MS studies showed that the ZnO nanostructures exhibited only marginal changes in the lipidomic profile both in the case of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. These preliminary results indicate that the mechanism of growth inhibition by the ZnO nanomaterial is not through lipid-based interactions, but apparently more so via protein inhibitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy Gopal
- Division of Research and Innovation, Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Pei-Yang Hua
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan.
| | - Manikandan Muthu
- Division of Research and Innovation, Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Hui-Fen Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan.
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 800, Taiwan
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan
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22
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Inhibition of cGAS ameliorates acute lung injury triggered by zinc oxide nanoparticles. Toxicol Lett 2022; 373:62-75. [PMID: 36368621 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) have been widely used in various industrial and biomedical fields. Occupational or accidental inhalation exposure to ZnONPs might lead to acute lung injury (ALI). Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) and stimulator of interferon genes (STING) are critical for the initiation and expansion of inflammation and contribute to tissue injury; however, the role and mechanism of the cGAS-STING pathway in ALI-induced by ZnONPs are unclear. METHODS Male C57BL/6 J mice were intratracheally injected with ZnONPs (0.6 mg/kg) or mock. The mice were euthanized and the degree of lung injury was determined 3 days after the instillation of ZnONPs. The BEAS-2B cell line was used as a cell model to investigate the cytotoxicity of ZnONPs in vitro. RESULTS We found that ZnONPs inhalation induced ALI in mice, manifested by exacerbated lung pathological changes, mitochondrial damage, oxidative stress and inflammation. Interestingly, cGAS and STING were activated in the lung tissues of the mice and BEAS-2B lung epithelial cells treated with ZnONPs. More importantly, we illustrated that the cGAS inhibitor RU.521 inhibited the activation of the cGAS-STING pathway, further decreased oxidative stress and inflammation, and led to ameliorated lung injury in mice treated with ZnONPs. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that ZnONPs trigger the activation of the cGAS-STING pathway, which plays an important role in ZnONPs-induced ALI. Inhibition of cGAS with RU.521 mitigates the oxidative stress induced by ZnONPs, suggesting that targeting the cGAS-STING pathway may be a feasible strategy to ameliorate the pulmonary injury caused by nanoparticles.
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Al Rashaideh T, Metwali N, Perry SS, Adamcakova-Dodd A, Thorne PS. Cerium Oxide Enhances the Toxicity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in Human Lung Epithelial Cell Cultures. TOXICS 2022; 10:522. [PMID: 36136487 PMCID: PMC9502999 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10090522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Recently, many approaches have been developed to improve the performance of nanomaterials. Combining more than one nanomaterial is one such approach that achieves superior results. However, during the fabrication of nanomaterials or formulation of end products, materials can be released into the ambient air and be inhaled by workers. The adverse health outcomes of inhaling such compounds are unknown. In this study, we examined such effects in combining two of the most utilized nanomaterials in several industrial sectors: zinc oxide (ZnO) and cerium oxide (CeO2). These materials can be found together in sunscreens, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films, and construction products. The aim of this study was to assess the adverse biological outcomes of CeO2-ZnO nano-mixtures in human lung epithelial cells. A549 human lung epithelial cells were treated with increasing concentrations of ZnO or CeO2 NPs alone, or as a mixture of both, under submerged conditions for 24 h. After treatment, cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, cell membrane integrity, and cytokine production were examined. ZnO NPs showed a dose-dependent trend for all endpoints. CeO2 NPs did not exhibit any toxic effect in any individual concentrations. When higher doses of ZnO were combined with increasing doses of CeO2, loss of cell viability and an elevation in cell membrane leakage were observed. Interleukin 8 (IL-8) and ROS generation were higher when ZnO NPs were combined with CeO2 NPs, compared to cells that were treated with ZnO alone. The release of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) was reduced in the cells that were treated with higher doses of ZnO and CeO2. Thus, the presence of CeO2 enhanced the toxicity of ZnO in A549 cells at non-toxic levels of CeO2. This suggests an additive toxicity of these two nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasnim Al Rashaideh
- Human Toxicology Program, Graduate College, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Nervana Metwali
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Sarah S. Perry
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Andrea Adamcakova-Dodd
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Peter S. Thorne
- Human Toxicology Program, Graduate College, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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24
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Saber AT, Hadrup N, Williams A, Mortensen A, Szarek J, Kyjovska Z, Kurz A, Jacobsen NR, Wallin H, Halappanavar S, Vogel U. Unchanged pulmonary toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles formulated in a liquid matrix for glass coating. Nanotoxicology 2022; 16:812-827. [PMID: 36480659 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2022.2152751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The inclusion of nanoparticles can increase the quality of certain products. One application is the inclusion of Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles in a glass coating matrix to produce a UV-absorbing coating for glass sheets. Yet, the question is whether the inclusion of ZnO in the matrix induces toxicity at low exposure levels. To test this, mice were given single intratracheal instillation of 1) ZnO powder (ZnO), 2) ZnO in a glass matrix coating in its liquid phase (ZnO-Matrix), and 3) the matrix with no ZnO (Matrix). Doses of ZnO were 0.23, 0.67, and 2 µg ZnO/mouse. ZnO Matrix doses had equal amounts of ZnO, while Matrix was adjusted to have an equal volume of matrix as ZnO Matrix. Post-exposure periods were 1, 3, or 28 d. Endpoints were pulmonary inflammation as bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid cellularity, genotoxicity in lung and liver, measured by comet assay, histopathology of lung and liver, and global gene expression in lung using microarrays. Neutrophil numbers were increased to a similar extent with ZnO and ZnO-Matrix at 1 and 3 d. Only weak genotoxicity without dose-response effects was observed in the lung. Lung histology showed an earlier onset of inflammation in material-exposed groups as compared to controls. Microarray analysis showed a stronger response in terms of the number of differentially regulated genes in ZnO-Matrix exposed mice as compared to Matrix only. Activated canonical pathways included inflammatory and cardiovascular ones. In conclusion, the pulmonary toxicity of ZnO was not changed by formulation in a liquid matrix for glass coating.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Niels Hadrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark.,Division of Diet, Disease Prevention and Toxicology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andrew Williams
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Alicja Mortensen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jozef Szarek
- Department of Pathophysiology, Forensic Veterinary Medicine and Administration, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Zdenka Kyjovska
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Håkan Wallin
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sabina Halappanavar
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark.,DTU Food, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
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25
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Alsmadi MM, Al-Nemrawi NK, Obaidat R, Abu Alkahsi AE, Korshed KM, Lahlouh IK. Insights into the mapping of green synthesis conditions for ZnO nanoparticles and their toxicokinetics. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2022; 17:1281-1303. [PMID: 36254841 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2022-0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) has broad medical applications. However, the green synthesis of ZnO NPs involves a wide range of properties requiring optimization. ZnO NPs show toxicity at lower doses. This toxicity is a function of NP properties and pharmacokinetics. Moreover, NP toxicity and pharmacokinetics are affected by the species type and age of the animals tested. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling offers a mechanistic platform to scrutinize the colligative effect of the interplay between these factors, which reduces the need for in vivo studies. This review provides a guide to choosing green synthesis conditions that result in minimal toxicity using a mechanistic tool, namely PBPK modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo'tasem M Alsmadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science & Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Nusaiba K Al-Nemrawi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science & Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Rana Obaidat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science & Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Anwar E Abu Alkahsi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science & Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Khetam M Korshed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science & Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Ishraq K Lahlouh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science & Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
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26
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Huo Y, Li L. Long-Term Inhalation of Ultrafine Zinc Particles Deteriorated Cardiac and Cardiovascular Functions in Rats of Myocardial Infarction. Front Physiol 2022; 13:921764. [PMID: 35910581 PMCID: PMC9325963 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.921764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Substantial ultrafine zinc particles exist in air pollutions. The level of Zn concentrations in serum and tissue could affect patients with myocardial infarction (MI). The aim of the study is to investigate the change of cardiac functions and peripheral hemodynamics in MI rats after long-term inhalation of ultrafine Zn particles. Coronary artery ligation surgery was performed to induce MI in Wistar rats. The inhalation of ultrafine Zn particles was carried out for 6 weeks after the operation. Physiological and hemodynamic measurements and computational biomechanics analysis were demonstrated in eight groups of rats at postoperative 4 and 6 weeks. There was no statistical significance between shams and shams with inhalation of ultrafine Zn particles. There were significant impairments of cardiac and hemodynamic functions in MI rats. In comparison with MI rats, the inhalation of ultrafine Zn particles for 4 weeks slowed down the progression from MI to heart failure, but the inhalation for 6 weeks accelerated the process. The long-term inhalation of ultrafine zinc particles induced excessive accumulation of zinc in serum and tissue, which deteriorated cardiac and hemodynamic dysfunctions in MI rats. The findings suggested the importance for regulating Zn intake of MI patients as well as looking at ways to lower zinc concentrations in air pollutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Huo
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- PKU-HKUST Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institution, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Yunlong Huo,
| | - Li Li
- PKU-HKUST Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institution, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
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27
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Monsé C, Westphal G, Raulf M, Jettkant B, van Kampen V, Kendzia B, Schürmeyer L, Seifert CE, Marek EM, Wiegand F, Rosenkranz N, Wegener C, Merget R, Brüning T, Bünger J. No inflammatory effects after acute inhalation of barium sulfate particles in human volunteers. BMC Pulm Med 2022; 22:233. [PMID: 35710385 PMCID: PMC9205122 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-02021-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Most threshold limit values are based on animal experiments. Often, the question remains whether these data reflect the situation in humans. As part of a series of investigations in our exposure lab, this study investigates whether the results on the inflammatory effects of particles that have been demonstrated in animal models can be confirmed in acute inhalation studies in humans. Such studies have not been conducted so far for barium sulfate particles (BaSO4), a substance with very low solubility and without known substance-specific toxicity. Previous inhalation studies with zinc oxide (ZnO), which has a substance-specific toxicity, have shown local and systemic inflammatory respones. The design of these human ZnO inhalation studies was adopted for BaSO4 to compare the effects of particles with known inflammatory activity and supposedly inert particles. For further comparison, in vitro investigations on inflammatory processes were carried out. Methods Sixteen healthy volunteers were exposed to filtered air and BaSO4 particles (4.0 mg/m3) for two hours including one hour of ergometric cycling at moderate workload. Effect parameters were clinical signs, body temperature, and inflammatory markers in blood and induced sputum. In addition, particle-induced in vitro-chemotaxis of BaSO4 was investigated with regard to mode of action and differences between in vivo and in vitro effects. Results No local or systemic clinical signs were observed after acute BaSO4 inhalation and, in contrast to our previous human exposure studies with ZnO, no elevated values of biomarkers of inflammation were measured after the challenge. The in vitro chemotaxis induced by BaSO4 particles was minimal and 15-fold lower compared to ZnO. Conclusion The results of this study indicate that BaSO4 as a representative of granular biopersistent particles without specific toxicity does not induce inflammatory effects in humans after acute inhalation. Moreover, the in vitro data fit in with these in vivo results. Despite the careful and complex investigations, limitations must be admitted because the number of local effect parameters were limited and chronic toxicity could not be studied. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12890-022-02021-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Monsé
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Götz Westphal
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Monika Raulf
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Birger Jettkant
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Vera van Kampen
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Benjamin Kendzia
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Leonie Schürmeyer
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Christoph Edzard Seifert
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Eike-Maximilian Marek
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Felicitas Wiegand
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Nina Rosenkranz
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Christopher Wegener
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Rolf Merget
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jürgen Bünger
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
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The High-Throughput In Vitro CometChip Assay for the Analysis of Metal Oxide Nanomaterial Induced DNA Damage. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12111844. [PMID: 35683698 PMCID: PMC9181865 DOI: 10.3390/nano12111844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metal oxide nanomaterials (MONMs) are among the most highly utilized classes of nanomaterials worldwide, though their potential to induce DNA damage in living organisms is known. High-throughput in vitro assays have the potential to greatly expedite analysis and understanding of MONM induced toxicity while minimizing the overall use of animals. In this study, the high-throughput CometChip assay was used to assess the in vitro genotoxic potential of pristine copper oxide (CuO), zinc oxide (ZnO), and titanium dioxide (TiO2) MONMs and microparticles (MPs), as well as five coated/surface-modified TiO2 NPs and zinc (II) chloride (ZnCl2) and copper (II) chloride (CuCl2) after 2–4 h of exposure. The CuO NPs, ZnO NPs and MPs, and ZnCl2 exposures induced dose- and time-dependent increases in DNA damage at both timepoints. TiO2 NPs surface coated with silica or silica–alumina and one pristine TiO2 NP of rutile crystal structure also induced subtle dose-dependent DNA damage. Concentration modelling at both post-exposure timepoints highlighted the contribution of the dissolved species to the response of ZnO, and the role of the nanoparticle fraction for CuO mediated genotoxicity, showing the differential impact that particle and dissolved fractions can have on genotoxicity induced by MONMs. The results imply that solubility alone may be insufficient to explain the biological behaviour of MONMs.
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29
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Guo T, Fang X, Liu Y, Ruan Y, Hu Y, Wang X, Hu Y, Wang G, Xu Y. Acute lung inflammation induced by zinc oxide nanoparticles: Evolution and intervention via NRF2 activator. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 162:112898. [PMID: 35247504 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.112898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) are widely used worldwide. Human inhalation exposure to ZnONPs induces acute lung inflammation (ALI); however, the characteristics and therapeutic targets of ALI are unclear. In this study, female C57BL/6J mice were subjected to a single intratracheal instillation of 20 μg of ZnONPs. Increased lung malondialdehyde levels and decreased total antioxidant capacity at 6 h, as well as increased lactate dehydrogenase levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) at 1 day (d) post treatment were observed. A significant inflammatory response was observed at 3 d and 7 d, as evidenced by increased leukocyte numbers and total protein concentration in BALF, and histological abnormalities. Pulmonary NRF2 signaling was significantly activated at 3 d post treatment. To investigate a protective role of NRF2 activator against ZnONP-induced ALI, the mice were intraperitoneally injected with 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9-dien-28-imidazolide (CDDO-Im) (2 mg/kg) 1 d before and 1 d after ZnONPs treatment. CDDO-Im significantly decreased leukocyte numbers and total protein concentration in BALF and pulmonary inflammatory gene expression, and ameliorated histopathological abnormalities induced by ZnONPs. Collectively, the present study indicates that ZnONPs exposure leads to oxidative stress, cell injury and inflammation in the lung successively. Moreover, the NRF2 activator protects against ZnONPs-induced ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyue Guo
- Group of Chronic Disease and Environmental Genomics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Xin Fang
- Group of Chronic Disease and Environmental Genomics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Yiting Liu
- Group of Chronic Disease and Environmental Genomics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Yihui Ruan
- Group of Chronic Disease and Environmental Genomics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Group of Chronic Disease and Environmental Genomics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Xuening Wang
- Group of Chronic Disease and Environmental Genomics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Yuxin Hu
- Experimental Teaching Center, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Experimental Teaching Center, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- Group of Chronic Disease and Environmental Genomics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China; The Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Toxic and Biological Effects of Arsenic, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.
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30
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Czyżowska A, Barbasz A. A review: zinc oxide nanoparticles - friends or enemies? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2022; 32:885-901. [PMID: 32772735 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2020.1805415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Modern nanotechnology allows obtaining zinc oxide nanomaterials with unique properties that let its use in a wide range of commercial applications. Direct contact with these particles as well as their release into the environment is almost inevitable. This review aims to consider whether the toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles found in numerous test models is a real threat to humans and plants. Emerging reports indicated both the risks and benefits associated with the use of zinc oxide nanoparticles in a manner dependent on the concentration and a method of synthesis, as well as the tested object. The amounts needed to achieve the antibacterial activity of ZnO-NPs, and the reported amounts of these nanoparticles in consumer products are sufficient to have a negative impact on living organisms. The most sensitive to their action are human cells, and the mechanism of cytotoxicity is mainly associated with the formation of oxidative stress caused by the action of zinc ions. ZnO-NPs in small concentration can have positive affect to plants, but it poses a threat to more sensitive ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Czyżowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Barbasz
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Kraków, Poland
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31
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Gupta V, Mohapatra S, Mishra H, Farooq U, Kumar K, Ansari MJ, Aldawsari MF, Alalaiwe AS, Mirza MA, Iqbal Z. Nanotechnology in Cosmetics and Cosmeceuticals-A Review of Latest Advancements. Gels 2022; 8:173. [PMID: 35323286 PMCID: PMC8951203 DOI: 10.3390/gels8030173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has the potential to generate advancements and innovations in formulations and delivery systems. This fast-developing technology has been widely exploited for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Today, cosmetic formulations incorporating nanotechnology are a relatively new yet very promising and highly researched area. The application of nanotechnology in cosmetics has been shown to overcome the drawbacks associated with traditional cosmetics and also to add more useful features to a formulation. Nanocosmetics and nanocosmeceuticals have been extensively explored for skin, hair, nails, lips, and teeth, and the inclusion of nanomaterials has been found to improve product efficacy and consumer satisfaction. This is leading to the replacement of many traditional cosmeceuticals with nanocosmeceuticals. However, nanotoxicological studies on nanocosmeceuticals have raised concerns in terms of health hazards due to their potential skin penetration, resulting in toxic effects. This review summarizes various nanotechnology-based approaches being utilized in the delivery of cosmetics as well as cosmeceutical products, along with relevant patents. It outlines their benefits, as well as potential health and environmental risks. Further, it highlights the regulatory status of cosmeceuticals and analyzes the different regulatory guidelines in India, Europe, and the USA and discusses the different guidelines and recommendations issued by various regulatory authorities. Finally, this article seeks to provide an overview of nanocosmetics and nanocosmeceuticals and their applications in cosmetic industries, which may help consumers and regulators to gain awareness about the benefits as well as the toxicity related to the continuous and long-term uses of these products, thus encouraging their judicious use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav Gupta
- Nanotechnology Lab, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, Delhi, India; (V.G.); (S.M.); (U.F.); (K.K.)
| | - Sradhanjali Mohapatra
- Nanotechnology Lab, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, Delhi, India; (V.G.); (S.M.); (U.F.); (K.K.)
| | - Harshita Mishra
- Smart Society Research Team, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Uzma Farooq
- Nanotechnology Lab, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, Delhi, India; (V.G.); (S.M.); (U.F.); (K.K.)
| | - Keshav Kumar
- Nanotechnology Lab, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, Delhi, India; (V.G.); (S.M.); (U.F.); (K.K.)
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 16278, Saudi Arabia or (M.J.A.); (M.F.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Mohammed F. Aldawsari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 16278, Saudi Arabia or (M.J.A.); (M.F.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Ahmed S. Alalaiwe
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 16278, Saudi Arabia or (M.J.A.); (M.F.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Mohd Aamir Mirza
- Nanotechnology Lab, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, Delhi, India; (V.G.); (S.M.); (U.F.); (K.K.)
| | - Zeenat Iqbal
- Nanotechnology Lab, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, Delhi, India; (V.G.); (S.M.); (U.F.); (K.K.)
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Sauvain JJ, Hemmendinger M, Suárez G, Creze C, Hopf NB, Jouannique V, Debatisse A, Pralong JA, Wild P, Canu IG. Malondialdehyde and anion patterns in exhaled breath condensate among subway workers. Part Fibre Toxicol 2022; 19:16. [PMID: 35216613 PMCID: PMC8876786 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-022-00456-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Underground transportation systems can contribute to the daily particulates and metal exposures for both commuter and subway workers. The redox and metabolic changes in workers exposed to such metal-rich particles have yet to be characterized. We hypothesize that the distribution of nitrosative/oxidative stress and related metabolic biomarkers in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) are modified depending on exposures. RESULTS Particulate number and size as well as mass concentration and airborne metal content were measured in three groups of nine subway workers (station agents, locomotive operators and security guards). In parallel, pre- and post-shift EBC was collected daily during two consecutive working weeks. In this biological matrix, malondialdehyde, lactate, acetate, propionate, butyrate, formate, pyruvate, the sum of nitrite and nitrate (ΣNOx) and the ratio nitrite/nitrate as well as metals and nanoparticle concentrations was determined. Weekly evolution of the log-transformed selected biomarkers as well as their association with exposure variables was investigated using linear mixed effects models with the participant ID as random effect. The professional activity had a strong influence on the pattern of anions and malondialdehyde in EBC. The daily number concentration and the lung deposited surface area of ultrafine particles was consistently and mainly associated with nitrogen oxides variations during the work-shift, with an inhibitory effect on the ΣNOx. We observed that the particulate matter (PM) mass was associated with a decreasing level of acetate, lactate and ΣNOx during the work-shift, suggestive of a build-up of these anions during the previous night in response to exposures from the previous day. Lactate was moderately and positively associated with some metals and with the sub-micrometer particle concentration in EBC. CONCLUSIONS These results are exploratory but suggest that exposure to subway PM could affect concentrations of nitrogen oxides as well as acetate and lactate in EBC of subway workers. The effect is modulated by the particle size and can correspond to the body's cellular responses under oxidative stress to maintain the redox and/or metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Jacques Sauvain
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University Lausanne, Route de la Corniche 2, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland.
| | - Maud Hemmendinger
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University Lausanne, Route de la Corniche 2, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Guillaume Suárez
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University Lausanne, Route de la Corniche 2, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Camille Creze
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University Lausanne, Route de la Corniche 2, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Nancy B Hopf
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University Lausanne, Route de la Corniche 2, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Valérie Jouannique
- Service Santé-Travail, Autonomous Paris Transport Authority (RATP), 88 Boulevard Sébastopol, 75003, Paris, France
| | - Amélie Debatisse
- Service Santé-Travail, Autonomous Paris Transport Authority (RATP), 88 Boulevard Sébastopol, 75003, Paris, France
| | - Jacques A Pralong
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Rue Gabrielle Perret-Gentil 4, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Wild
- Division of Research Management, National Research and Safety Institute (INRS), Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, 54519, Vandoeuvre Cedex, France
| | - Irina Guseva Canu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University Lausanne, Route de la Corniche 2, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland
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Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Promote YAP/TAZ Nuclear Localization in Alveolar Epithelial Type II Cells. ATMOSPHERE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos13020334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We investigated roles of Hippo signaling pathway components in alveolar type II cells (AECII) after zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZnONP) exposure. ZnONPs physicochemistry was characterized using field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) microanalysis. ZnONP deposition in human respiratory tract was estimated using multiple-path particle dosimetry (MPPD) model. MLE-12 AECII were cultured and exposed to 0, 1, and 5 μg/mL of ZnONPs for 24 h. Western blots were used to investigate signaling pathways associated with Yes-associated protein (YAP)/transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), cell adherens junctions, differentiation, and senescence. ZnONPs morphology was irregular, with Zn and O identified. Approximately 72% of inhaled ZnONPs were deposited in lungs, with 26% being deposited in alveolar regions. ZnONP exposure increased nuclear YAP expression and decreased cytoplasmic YAP expression by AECII. Adherens junction proteins, E-cadherin, α-catenin, and β-catenin, on AECII decreased after ZnONP exposure. ZnONP exposure of AECII increased alveolar type I (AECI) transition protein, LGALS3, and the AECI protein, T1α, while decreasing AECII SPC expression. ZnONP exposure induced Sirt1 and p53 senescence proteins by AECII. Our findings showed that inhalable ZnONPs can deposit in alveoli, which promotes YAP nuclear localization in AECII, resulting in decrease tight junctions, cell differentiation, and cell senescence.
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Nanoparticles as a Tool in Neuro-Oncology Theranostics. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13070948. [PMID: 34202660 PMCID: PMC8309086 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13070948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid growth of nanotechnology and the development of novel nanomaterials with unique physicochemical characteristics provides potential for the utility of nanomaterials in theranostics, including neuroimaging, for identifying neurodegenerative changes or central nervous system malignancy. Here we present a systematic and thorough review of the current evidence pertaining to the imaging characteristics of various nanomaterials, their associated toxicity profiles, and mechanisms for enhancing tropism in an effort to demonstrate the utility of nanoparticles as an imaging tool in neuro-oncology. Particular attention is given to carbon-based and metal oxide nanoparticles and their theranostic utility in MRI, CT, photoacoustic imaging, PET imaging, fluorescent and NIR fluorescent imaging, and SPECT imaging.
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35
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Chen L, Wu H, Hong W, Aguilar ZP, Fu F, Xu H. The effect of reproductive toxicity induced by ZnO NPs in mice during early pregnancy through mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:1143-1151. [PMID: 33599401 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The potential toxicity of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) to human beings has become a widespread concern. This study explored the reproductive toxicity and the mechanism of toxicity of ZnO NPs in early pregnant mice. The results showed that abnormal weight changes, induced inflammation, reduced level of serum sex hormones, damaged uterus, increased abortion, and abnormal development of fetus. In the uterus, the transcription levels of ZnT-1, HO-1, Bax, Bax/Bcl-2, JNK, and Caspase-3 were significantly up-regulated while Bcl-2, ER-1 and PR were significantly down-regulated. The TUNEL-positive cells increased that were exposed to high levels of ZnO NPs. In summary, those results indicated that Zn from high levels of exposure to ZnO NPs accumulated in the uterus that could have caused the formation of ROS that led to oxidative stress, which might have activated the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway that could have caused the uterine injury which induced the observed reproductive toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Haifang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wuding Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | | | - Fen Fu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hengyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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36
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Park EJ, Kim SN, Yoon C, Cho JW, Lee GH, Kim DW, Park J, Choi I, Lee SH, Song J, Lim HJ, Kang MS, Lee HS. Repeated intratracheal instillation of zinc oxide nanoparticles induced pulmonary damage and a systemic inflammatory response in cynomolgus monkeys. Nanotoxicology 2021; 15:621-635. [PMID: 33870832 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2021.1905899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Recently, some researchers have demonstrated that inhaled zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) induce an acute systemic inflammatory response in workers. Considering nonhuman primates are preferably considered an animal model for translational research due to their proven similarity with humans in terms of genetics and physiology, we intratracheally instilled ZnONPs to cynomolgus monkey for 14 days and identified the toxic mechanism and bioaccumulation. ZnONPs were rapidly ionized or aggregated in a simulated pulmonary fluid, and they attracted neutrophils to the lungs and increased the pulmonary level of inflammatory mediators. Additionally, thickened alveolar walls, fibrin clots, and hemorrhages were observed in the lungs of the monkeys instilled with the higher dose accompanied by cell debris in the alveolar ducts and alveoli. Dark-field microscopy images revealed translocation of ZnONPs into other tissues accompanied by an increase in the relative weight of livers to body weight. In addition, when instilled at the higher dose, the albumin/globulin ratio notably decreased compared to the control, whereas the C-reactive protein (CRP) level was significantly elevated. ZnONPs also clearly induced apoptotic cell death in a 24 h exposure to alveolar macrophages. Taken together, part of inhaled ZnONPs may be ionized in the lung, resulting in acute toxic effects, including cell death and tissue damage, and the rest may move to other tissues in the form of particles, causing a systemic inflammatory response. Based on the proven evidence among workers, we also suggest that the CRP level can be recommended as a biomarker for ZnONPs-induced adverse health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jung Park
- East-West Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Human Health and Environmental Toxins Research Center, Kyung Hee Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Graduate school, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo Nam Kim
- Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea.,Bio-Health Convergence Institute GLP Lab, Korea Testing Certification Institute, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheolho Yoon
- Ochang Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Woo Cho
- Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea.,Toxicologic Pathology Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang-Hee Lee
- School of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong-Wan Kim
- School of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Junhee Park
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Inhee Choi
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Hyeun Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongah Song
- Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ji Lim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Graduate school, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min-Sung Kang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Graduate school, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.,Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Soo Lee
- Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
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37
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Cao Y. Potential roles of Kruppel-like factors in mediating adverse vascular effects of nanomaterials: A review. J Appl Toxicol 2021; 42:4-16. [PMID: 33837572 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The development of nanotechnology leads to the exposure of human beings to nanomaterials (NMs), and there is a health concern about the adverse vascular effects of NMs. Current data from epidemiology, controlled human exposure, and animal studies suggested that exposure to NMs could induce cardiopulmonary effects. In support of in vivo findings, in vitro studies showed that direct contact of vascular cells with NMs could induce endothelial cell (EC) activation and promote macrophage foam cell formation, although only limited studies showed that NMs could damage vascular smooth muscle cells and promote their phenotypic switch. It has been proposed that NMs induced adverse vascular effects via different mechanisms, but it is still necessary to understand the upstream events. Kruppel-like factors (KLFs) are a set of C2H2 zinc finger transcription factors (TFs) that can regulate various aspects of vascular biology, but currently, the roles of KLF2 in mediating the adverse vascular effects of NMs have gained little attention by toxicologists. This review summarized current knowledge about the adverse vascular effects of NMs and proposed the potential roles of KLFs in mediating these effects based on available data from toxicological studies as well as the current understanding about KLFs in vascular biology. Finally, the challenges in investigating the role of KLFs in vascular toxicology were also summarized. Considering the important roles of KLFs in vascular biology, further studies are needed to understand the influence of NMs on KLFs and the downstream events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Cao
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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38
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Zare EN, Zheng X, Makvandi P, Gheybi H, Sartorius R, Yiu CKY, Adeli M, Wu A, Zarrabi A, Varma RS, Tay FR. Nonspherical Metal-Based Nanoarchitectures: Synthesis and Impact of Size, Shape, and Composition on Their Biological Activity. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2007073. [PMID: 33710754 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Metal-based nanoentities, apart from being indispensable research tools, have found extensive use in the industrial and biomedical arena. Because their biological impacts are governed by factors such as size, shape, and composition, such issues must be taken into account when these materials are incorporated into multi-component ensembles for clinical applications. The size and shape (rods, wires, sheets, tubes, and cages) of metallic nanostructures influence cell viability by virtue of their varied geometry and physicochemical interactions with mammalian cell membranes. The anisotropic properties of nonspherical metal-based nanoarchitectures render them exciting candidates for biomedical applications. Here, the size-, shape-, and composition-dependent properties of nonspherical metal-based nanoarchitectures are reviewed in the context of their potential applications in cancer diagnostics and therapeutics, as well as, in regenerative medicine. Strategies for the synthesis of nonspherical metal-based nanoarchitectures and their cytotoxicity and immunological profiles are also comprehensively appraised.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xuanqi Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Centre for Micro-BioRobotics, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera, Pisa, 56025, Italy
| | - Homa Gheybi
- Institute of Polymeric Materials and Faculty of Polymer Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, 53318-17634, Iran
| | - Rossella Sartorius
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Cynthia K Y Yiu
- Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mohsen Adeli
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, 68151-44316, Iran
| | - Aimin Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, Istanbul, 34956, Turkey
| | - Rajender S Varma
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc, 783 71, Czech Republic
| | - Franklin R Tay
- College of Graduate Studies, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
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Human Inhalation Study with Zinc Oxide: Analysis of Zinc Levels and Biomarkers in Exhaled Breath Condensate. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021. [PMID: 32860620 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2020_572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Workers in the zinc processing, for example, welding or hot-dip galvanizing, are exposed to aerosols consisting of particles and gases, including zinc oxide (ZnO), which can affect human health. In this study, we addressed the effects of short-term controlled exposure to nano-sized ZnO on the airway inflammatory markers in healthy volunteers. To this end, we determined the influence of ZnO inhalation on the content of zinc and biomarkers (leukotriene B4 (LTB4), peptide leukotrienes (LTC4/D4/E4), 8-iso-PGF2α, pH, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)) in exhaled breath condensate (EBC). Sixteen non-smoking subjects (8 females, 8 men) were exposed to filtered air (sham) or ZnO nanoparticles (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/m3) for 4 h. EBC samples were collected according to specific study design. We found that the peptide leukotrienes were below the limit of quantification (LOQ) in all the EBC samples. ZnO exposure showed no detectable effect on any other parameters investigated when comparing the two groups. The content of Zn in EBC was unaffected by ZnO inhalation at any concentration used. Therefore, we conclude that the evaluation of Zn and biomarker content in EBC would not be a suitable way to assess the exposure to inhaled ZnO.
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40
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Mosselhy DA, Virtanen J, Kant R, He W, Elbahri M, Sironen T. COVID-19 Pandemic: What about the Safety of Anti-Coronavirus Nanoparticles? NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:796. [PMID: 33808934 PMCID: PMC8003598 DOI: 10.3390/nano11030796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Every day, new information is presented with respect to how to best combat the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This manuscript sheds light on such recent findings, including new co-factors (i.e., neuropilin-1) and routes (i.e., olfactory transmucosal) allowing cell entry of SARS-CoV-2 and induction of neurological symptoms, as well as the new SARS-CoV-2 variants. We highlight the SARS-CoV-2 human-animal interfaces and elaborate containment strategies using the same vaccination (i.e., nanoparticle "NP" formulations of the BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines) for humans, minks, raccoon dogs, cats, and zoo animals. We investigate the toxicity issues of anti-CoV NPs (i.e., plasmonic NPs and quantum dots) on different levels. Namely, nano-bio interfaces (i.e., protein corona), in vitro (i.e., lung cells) and in vivo (i.e., zebrafish embryos) assessments, and impacts on humans are discussed in a narrative supported by original figures. Ultimately, we express our skeptical opinion on the comprehensive administration of such antiviral nanotheranostics, even when integrated into facemasks, because of their reported toxicities and the different NP parameters (e.g., size, shape, surface charge, and purity and chemical composition of NPs) that govern their end toxicity. We believe that more toxicity studies should be performed and be presented, clarifying the odds of the safe administration of nanotoxocological solutions and the relief of a worried public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina A. Mosselhy
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 21, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (J.V.); (R.K.); (T.S.)
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Nanochemistry and Nanoengineering, Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland;
- Microbiological Unit, Fish Diseases Department, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt
| | - Jenni Virtanen
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 21, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (J.V.); (R.K.); (T.S.)
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ravi Kant
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 21, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (J.V.); (R.K.); (T.S.)
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Wei He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Beijing 100083, China;
- Suzhou Xiangcheng Medical Materials Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Mady Elbahri
- Nanochemistry and Nanoengineering, Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland;
- Nanochemistry and Nanoengineering, Institute for Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University, 24143 Kiel, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Sheikh Zayed District, Giza 12588, Egypt
| | - Tarja Sironen
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 21, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (J.V.); (R.K.); (T.S.)
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
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Effective Strategies, Mechanisms, and Photocatalytic Efficiency of Semiconductor Nanomaterials Incorporating rGO for Environmental Contaminant Degradation. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11030302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The water pollution problems severely affect the natural water resources due to the large disposal of dyes, heavy metals, antibiotics, and pesticides. Advanced oxidation processes (AOP) have been developed using semiconductor nanomaterials as photocatalysts for water treatment as an essential strategy to minimize environmental pollution. Significant research efforts have been dedicated over the past few years to enhancing the photocatalytic efficiencies of semiconductor nanomaterials. Graphene-based composites created by integrating reduced graphene oxide (rGO) into various semiconductor nanomaterials enable the unique characteristics of graphene, such as the extended range of light absorption, the separation of charges, and the high capacity of adsorption of pollutants. Therefore, rGO-based composites improve the overall visible-light photocatalytic efficiency and lead to a new pathway for high-performance photocatalysts’ potential applications. This brief review illustrates the strategies of combining rGO with various semiconductor nanomaterials and focuses primarily on modification and efficiency towards environmental contaminants.
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Monsé C, Raulf M, Jettkant B, van Kampen V, Kendzia B, Schürmeyer L, Seifert CE, Marek EM, Westphal G, Rosenkranz N, Merget R, Brüning T, Bünger J. Health effects after inhalation of micro- and nano-sized zinc oxide particles in human volunteers. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:53-65. [PMID: 33001223 PMCID: PMC7811523 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02923-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Inhalation of ZnO particles can cause inflammation of the airways and metal fume fever. It is unclear if different sizes of the particles alter these effects. However, various studies report higher biological activity of other nano-sized particles compared to microparticles. No effects at all were observed after inhalation of micro- and nano-sized zinc oxide (ZnO) particle concentrations of 0.5 mg/m3. Studies with different particle sizes of ZnO at higher exposures are not available. Accordingly, we hypothesized that inhalation of nano-sized ZnO particles induces stronger health effects than the inhalation of the same airborne mass concentration of micro-sized ZnO particles. 16 healthy volunteers (eight men, eight women) were exposed to filtered air and ZnO particles (2.0 mg/m3) for 2 h (one session with nano- and one with micro-sized ZnO) including 1 h of cycling at moderate workload. Effect parameters were symptoms, body temperature, inflammatory markers in blood and in induced sputum. Induced sputum was obtained at baseline examination, 22 h after exposure and at the end of the final test. The effects were assessed before, immediately after, about 22 h after, as well as two and three days after each exposure. Neutrophils, monocytes and acute-phase proteins in blood increased 22 h after micro- and nano-sized ZnO exposure. Effects were generally stronger with micro-sized ZnO particles. Parameters in induced sputum showed partial increases on the next day, but the effect strengths were not clearly attributable to particle sizes. The hypothesis that nano-sized ZnO particles induce stronger health effects than micro-sized ZnO particles was not supported by our data. The stronger systemic inflammatory responses after inhalation of micro-sized ZnO particles can be explained by the higher deposition efficiency of micro-sized ZnO particles in the respiratory tract and a substance-specific mode of action, most likely caused by the formation of zinc ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Monsé
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Monika Raulf
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Birger Jettkant
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Vera van Kampen
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Benjamin Kendzia
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Leonie Schürmeyer
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Christoph Edzard Seifert
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Eike-Maximilian Marek
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Götz Westphal
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Nina Rosenkranz
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Rolf Merget
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jürgen Bünger
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
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Zinc oxide nanoparticles: A comprehensive review on its synthesis, anticancer and drug delivery applications as well as health risks. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 286:102317. [PMID: 33212389 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) emerged as an excellent candidate in the field of optical, electrical, food packaging and particularly in biomedical research. ZnONPs show cancer cell specific toxicity via the pH-dependent (low pH) dissolution into Zn2+ ions, which generate reactive oxygen species and induce cytotoxicity in cancer cells. Further, ZnONPs have also been used as an effective carrier for the targeted delivery of several anticancer drugs into tumor cells. The increasing focus on ZnONPs resulted in the development of various synthesis approaches including chemical, pHysical, and green or biological for the manufacturing of ZnONPs. In this article, at first we have discussed the various synthesis methods of ZnONPs and secondly its biomedical applications. We have extensively reviewed the anticancer mechanism of ZnONPs on different types of cancers considering its size, shape and surface charge dependent cytotoxicity. Photoirradiation with UV light or NIR laser further increase its anticancer activity via synergistic chemo-photodynamic effect. The drug delivery applications of ZnONPs with special emphasis on drug loading mechanism, stimuli-responsive controlled release and therapeutic effects have also been discussed in this review. Finally, its side effects to vital body organs with mechanism via different exposure routes, the future direction of the ZnONPs research and application are also discussed.
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Olejnik M, Kersting M, Rosenkranz N, Loza K, Breisch M, Rostek A, Prymak O, Schürmeyer L, Westphal G, Köller M, Bünger J, Epple M, Sengstock C. Cell-biological effects of zinc oxide spheres and rods from the nano- to the microscale at sub-toxic levels. Cell Biol Toxicol 2020; 37:573-593. [PMID: 33205376 PMCID: PMC8384809 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-020-09571-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Zinc oxide particles were synthesized in various sizes and shapes, i.e., spheres of 40-nm, 200-nm, and 500-nm diameter and rods of 40∙100 nm2 and 100∙400 nm2 (all PVP-stabilized and well dispersed in water and cell culture medium). Crystallographically, the particles consisted of the hexagonal wurtzite phase with a primary crystallite size of 20 to 100 nm. The particles showed a slow dissolution in water and cell culture medium (both neutral; about 10% after 5 days) but dissolved within about 1 h in two different simulated lysosomal media (pH 4.5 to 4.8). Cells relevant for respiratory exposure (NR8383 rat alveolar macrophages) were exposed to these particles in vitro. Viability, apoptosis, and cell activation (generation of reactive oxygen species, ROS, release of cytokines) were investigated in an in vitro lung cell model with respect to the migration of inflammatory cells. All particle types were rapidly taken up by the cells, leading to an increased intracellular zinc ion concentration. The nanoparticles were more cytotoxic than the microparticles and comparable with dissolved zinc acetate. All particles induced cell apoptosis, unlike dissolved zinc acetate, indicating a particle-related mechanism. Microparticles induced a stronger formation of reactive oxygen species than smaller particles probably due to higher sedimentation (cell-to-particle contact) of microparticles in contrast to nanoparticles. The effect of particle types on the cytokine release was weak and mainly resulted in a decrease as shown by a protein microarray. In the particle-induced cell migration assay (PICMA), all particles had a lower effect than dissolved zinc acetate. In conclusion, the biological effects of zinc oxide particles in the sub-toxic range are caused by zinc ions after intracellular dissolution, by cell-to-particle contacts, and by the uptake of zinc oxide particles into cells. Graphical headlights • The cytotoxicity of zinc oxide particles is mainly due to the intracellular release of zinc ions. • The size and shape of zinc oxide micro- and nanoparticles has only small effects on lung cells in the sub-toxic range. • Zinc oxide particles are rapidly taken up by cells, regardless of their size and shape. • Zinc oxide particles rapidly dissolve after cellular uptake in endolysosomes. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- M Olejnik
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - M Kersting
- Bergmannsheil University Hospital/Surgical Research, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - N Rosenkranz
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - K Loza
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - M Breisch
- Bergmannsheil University Hospital/Surgical Research, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - A Rostek
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - O Prymak
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - L Schürmeyer
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - G Westphal
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - M Köller
- Bergmannsheil University Hospital/Surgical Research, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - J Bünger
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - M Epple
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - C Sengstock
- Bergmannsheil University Hospital/Surgical Research, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
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The Effects of Exposure Time on Systemic Inflammation in Subjects With Exposure to Zinc- and Copper-Containing Brazing Fumes. J Occup Environ Med 2020; 61:806-811. [PMID: 31348430 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inhalation of copper and zinc containing brazing fumes (2.5 mg/m for 6 hours) is able to induce asymptomatic systemic inflammation which is supposed to be connected with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease. In this study it was investigated if inflammation can be prevented by reducing the exposure time. METHODS A total of 15 healthy male subjects were exposed to such brazing fumes in a crossover design for 3, 4, and 5 hours in randomized order. Before and 24 hours after exposure, blood samples were taken and c-reactive protein (CRP) as marker for an acute phase reaction was measured. RESULTS Five-hour exposure induced an increase of CRP, whereas the shorter exposure times did not result in a significant inflammatory reaction. CONCLUSIONS Reducing daily exposure times below 5 hours is able to prevent systemic inflammatory reactions.
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Czyżowska A, Dyba B, Rudolphi-Szydło E, Barbasz A. Structural and biochemical modifications of model and native membranes of human immune cells in response to the action of zinc oxide nanoparticles. J Appl Toxicol 2020; 41:458-469. [PMID: 33103261 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The development of nanotechnology has led to the increased production of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) and their application in a wide variety of everyday products. It creates the need for a full assessment of their safety for humans. The aim of the study was to assess the toxic effects of ZnO-NPs on model human cells of the immune system: U-937, HL-60, HUT-78, and COLO-720L. Particular attention was paid to the direct interaction of the nanoparticles with membrane lipids and the role of zinc ions in the mechanism of their toxicity. Cell viability, lipid peroxidation, cell membrane integrity, and the amount of zinc ions released from nanoparticles were tested. Disruption in cell metabolism was noted for ZnO-NPs concentrations from 6.25 mg/L. Contact with ZnO-NPs caused lipid peroxidation of all cells and correlated with membrane disruption of HL-60, HUT-78, and COLO-720L cells. Model monolayers (Langmuir technique) were used to assess the interaction of the nanoparticles with the studied lipids. Physicochemical parameters, such as the area per molecule at maximal layer compression, the pressure at which the monolayer collapses, and the static compression modulus, were calculated. The models of the HL-60 and U-937 cell membranes under ZnO-NPs treatment reacted in a different way. It has also been shown that Zn2+ are not the main causative factor of ZnO-NPs toxicity. Investigating the early stages of mechanism of nanoparticles toxicity will allow for a more complete risk assessment and development of methods for a safer synthesis of engineering nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Czyżowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Kraków, Poland
| | - Barbara Dyba
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Rudolphi-Szydło
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Barbasz
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Kraków, Poland
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Miller MR, Poland CA. Nanotoxicology: The Need for a Human Touch? SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2001516. [PMID: 32697439 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202001516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
With the ever-expanding number of manufactured nanomaterials (MNMs) under development there is a vital need for nanotoxicology studies that test the potential for MNMs to cause harm to health. An extensive body of work in cell cultures and animal models is vital to understanding the physicochemical characteristics of MNMs and the biological mechanisms that underlie any detrimental actions to cells and organs. In human subjects, exposure monitoring is combined with measurement of selected health parameters in small panel studies, especially in occupational settings. However, the availability of further in vivo human data would greatly assist the risk assessment of MNMs. Here, the potential for controlled inhalation exposures of MNMs in human subjects is discussed. Controlled exposures to carbon, gold, aluminum, and zinc nanoparticles in humans have already set a precedence to demonstrate the feasibility of this approach. These studies have provided considerable insight into the potential (or not) of nanoparticles to induce inflammation, alter lung function, affect the vasculature, reach the systemic circulation, and accumulate in other organs. The need for further controlled exposures of MNMs in human volunteers - to establish no-effect limits, biological mechanisms, and provide vital data for the risk assessment of MNMs - is advocated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R Miller
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Craig A Poland
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Qin X, Tang Q, Jiang X, Zhang J, Wang B, Liu X, Zhang Y, Zou Z, Chen C. Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Induce Ferroptotic Neuronal Cell Death in vitro and in vivo. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:5299-5315. [PMID: 32884256 PMCID: PMC7436556 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s250367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) are one of the most important nanomaterials that are widely used in the food, cosmetic and medical industries. Humans are often exposed to ZnONPs via inhalation, and they may reach the brain where neurotoxic effects could occur via systemic distribution. However, the mechanisms underlying how ZnONPs produce neurotoxic effects in the brain remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the novel mechanism involved in ZnONPs-induced neurotoxicity. Methods and Results We demonstrated for the first time that pulmonary exposure to ZnONPs by intratracheal instillation could trigger ferroptosis, a new form of cell death, in the neuronal cells of mouse cerebral cortex. A similar phenomenon was also observed in cultured neuron-like PC-12 cell line. By using a specific inhibitor of ferroptosis ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1), our results showed that inhibition of ferroptosis by Fer-1 could significantly alleviate the ZnONPs-induced neuronal cell death both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistic investigation revealed that ZnONPs selectively activated the JNK pathway and thus resulted in the ferroptotic phenotypes, JNK inhibitor SP600125 could reverse lipid peroxidation upregulation and ferroptotic cell death induced by ZnONPs in PC-12 cells. Conclusion Taken together, this study not only demonstrates that pulmonary exposure of ZnONPs can induce JNK-involved ferroptotic cell death in mouse cortex and PC-12 cells, but also provides a clue that inhibition of ferroptosis by specific agents or drugs may serve as a feasible approach for reducing the untreatable neurotoxicity induced by ZnONPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianghu Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Center of Experimental Teaching for Public Health, Experimental Teaching and Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yandan Zhang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zou
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China.,Dongsheng Lung-Brain Disease Joint Lab, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengzhi Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China.,Dongsheng Lung-Brain Disease Joint Lab, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
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Halappanavar S, van den Brule S, Nymark P, Gaté L, Seidel C, Valentino S, Zhernovkov V, Høgh Danielsen P, De Vizcaya A, Wolff H, Stöger T, Boyadziev A, Poulsen SS, Sørli JB, Vogel U. Adverse outcome pathways as a tool for the design of testing strategies to support the safety assessment of emerging advanced materials at the nanoscale. Part Fibre Toxicol 2020; 17:16. [PMID: 32450889 PMCID: PMC7249325 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-020-00344-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxicity testing and regulation of advanced materials at the nanoscale, i.e. nanosafety, is challenged by the growing number of nanomaterials and their property variants requiring assessment for potential human health impacts. The existing animal-reliant toxicity testing tools are onerous in terms of time and resources and are less and less in line with the international effort to reduce animal experiments. Thus, there is a need for faster, cheaper, sensitive and effective animal alternatives that are supported by mechanistic evidence. More importantly, there is an urgency for developing alternative testing strategies that help justify the strategic prioritization of testing or targeting the most apparent adverse outcomes, selection of specific endpoints and assays and identifying nanomaterials of high concern. The Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) framework is a systematic process that uses the available mechanistic information concerning a toxicological response and describes causal or mechanistic linkages between a molecular initiating event, a series of intermediate key events and the adverse outcome. The AOP framework provides pragmatic insights to promote the development of alternative testing strategies. This review will detail a brief overview of the AOP framework and its application to nanotoxicology, tools for developing AOPs and the role of toxicogenomics, and summarize various AOPs of relevance to inhalation toxicity of nanomaterials that are currently under various stages of development. The review also presents a network of AOPs derived from connecting all AOPs, which shows that several adverse outcomes induced by nanomaterials originate from a molecular initiating event that describes the interaction of nanomaterials with lung cells and involve similar intermediate key events. Finally, using the example of an established AOP for lung fibrosis, the review will discuss various in vitro tests available for assessing lung fibrosis and how the information can be used to support a tiered testing strategy for lung fibrosis. The AOPs and AOP network enable deeper understanding of mechanisms involved in inhalation toxicity of nanomaterials and provide a strategy for the development of alternative test methods for hazard and risk assessment of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Halappanavar
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Sybille van den Brule
- Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Penny Nymark
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Toxicology, Misvik Biology, Turku, Finland
| | - Laurent Gaté
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Carole Seidel
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Sarah Valentino
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Vadim Zhernovkov
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | | | - Andrea De Vizcaya
- Departamento de Toxicologia, CINVESTAV-IPN, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Sabbatical leave at Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Henrik Wolff
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tobias Stöger
- Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Andrey Boyadziev
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah Søs Poulsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | | | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
- DTU Health Tech, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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Vimercati L, Cavone D, Caputi A, De Maria L, Tria M, Prato E, Ferri GM. Nanoparticles: An Experimental Study of Zinc Nanoparticles Toxicity on Marine Crustaceans. General Overview on the Health Implications in Humans. Front Public Health 2020; 8:192. [PMID: 32509719 PMCID: PMC7253631 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of products containing nanoparticles or nanofibers is rapidly growing. Nanotechnology involves a wide spectrum of industrial fields. There is a lack of information regarding the toxicity of these nanoparticles in aqueous media. The potential acute toxicity of ZnO NPs using two marine crustacean species: the copepod Tigriopus fulvus and the amphypod Corophium insidiosum was evaluated. Acute tests were conducted on adults of T. Fulvus nauplii and C. insidiosum. Both test species were exposed for 96 h to 5 increasing concentrations of ZnO NPs and ZnSO4H2O, and the endpoint was mortality. Statistical analysis revealed that the mean LC50 values of both ZnO NPs and ZnSO4H2O (ZnO NPs: F = 59.42; P < 0.0015; ZnSO4H2O: F = 25.57; P < 0.0015) were significantly lower for Tigriopus fulvus than for Corophium insidiosum. This result confirms that the toxic effect could be mainly attributed to the Zn ions, confirming that the dissolution processes play a crucial role in the toxicity of the ZnO NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Vimercati
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine (DIM), School of Medicine, University Hospital “Policlinico”, University of Bari “A. Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Domenica Cavone
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine (DIM), School of Medicine, University Hospital “Policlinico”, University of Bari “A. Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Caputi
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine (DIM), School of Medicine, University Hospital “Policlinico”, University of Bari “A. Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi De Maria
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine (DIM), School of Medicine, University Hospital “Policlinico”, University of Bari “A. Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Tria
- Marine Environment and Pollution Prevention, Department of Prevention, ASL TA Health Company, Taranto, Italy
| | - Ermelinda Prato
- Institute for the Coastal Marine Environment of the Italian National Research Council (IAMC-CNR), Taranto, Italy
| | - Giovanni Maria Ferri
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine (DIM), School of Medicine, University Hospital “Policlinico”, University of Bari “A. Moro”, Bari, Italy
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