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Sarankhuu BE, Jeon HJ, Jeong DU, Park SR, Kim TH, Lee SK, Han AR, Yu SL, Kang J. Adiponectin receptor 1 regulates endometrial receptivity via the adenosine monophosphate‑activated protein kinase/E‑cadherin pathway. Mol Med Rep 2024; 30:184. [PMID: 39155876 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Endometrial receptivity is essential for successful embryo implantation and pregnancy initiation and is regulated via various signaling pathways. Adiponectin, an important adipokine, may be a potential regulator of reproductive system functions. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the regulatory role of adiponectin receptor 1 (ADIPOR1) in endometrial receptivity. The endometrial receptivity between RL95‑2 and AN3CA cell lines was confirmed using an in vitro JAr spheroid attachment model. 293T cells were transfected with control or short hairpin (sh)ADIPOR1 vectors and RL95‑2 cells were transduced with lentiviral particles targeting ADIPOR1. Reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and immunoblot assays were also performed. ADIPOR1 was consistently upregulated in the endometrium during the mid‑secretory phase compared with that in the proliferative phase and in receptive RL95‑2 cells compared with that in non‑receptive AN3CA cells. Stable cell lines with diminished ADIPOR1 expression caused by shRNA showed reduced E‑cadherin expression and attenuated in vitro endometrial receptivity. ADIPOR1 regulated AMP‑activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity in endometrial epithelial cells. Regulation of AMPK activity via dorsomorphin and 5‑aminoimidazole‑4‑carboxamide ribonucleotide affected E‑cadherin expression and in vitro endometrial receptivity. The ADIPOR1/AMPK/E‑cadherin axis is vital to endometrial receptivity. These findings can help improve fertility treatments and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolor-Erdene Sarankhuu
- Priority Research Center, Myunggok Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Jeon
- Priority Research Center, Myunggok Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Un Jeong
- Priority Research Center, Myunggok Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Rae Park
- Priority Research Center, Myunggok Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hyun Kim
- Priority Research Center, Myunggok Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ki Lee
- Priority Research Center, Myunggok Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Ae Ra Han
- I‑Dream Clinic, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mizmedi Hospital, Seoul 07639, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Lan Yu
- Priority Research Center, Myunggok Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeku Kang
- Priority Research Center, Myunggok Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
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2
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Yu M, Fan R, Yang SM. Effect of tannic acid on adiponectin and gonads in male Brandt's voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2024; 357:114592. [PMID: 39043324 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Adiponectin regulates steroid production and influences gonadal development. This study examined the effects of tannic acid (TA) on the adiponectin levels and gonads of male Brandt's voles. Male Brandt's voles aged 90 d were randomly separated into three groups: a control group (provided distilled water), a group given 600 mg∙kg-1 TA, and a group that received 1200 mg∙kg-1 TA (continuous gavage for 18 d). In this study, we examined the effects of TA on the adiponectin, antioxidant, and inflammatory levels in the testes. Furthermore, we examined the expression of important regulatory elements that influence adiponectin expression and glucose utilisation. In addition, the body weight, reproductive organ weight, and testicular shape were assessed. Our study observed that TA treatment increased serum adiponectin levels, DsbA-L and Ero1-Lα transcription levels, and AdipoR1, AMPK, GLUT1, and MCT4 expression levels in testicular tissue. TA enhanced pyruvate and lactic acid levels in the testicular tissue, boosted catalase activity, and reduced MDA concentrations. TA reduced the release of inflammatory factors in the testicular tissues of male Brandt's voles. TA increased the inner diameter of the seminiferous tubules. In conclusion, TA appears to stimulate adiponectin secretion and gonadal growth in male Brandt's voles while acting as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Yu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Yantai Institute of Technology, Yantai 264003, China; Department of College of Biological Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Ruiyang Fan
- Department of College of Biological Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Sheng-Mei Yang
- Department of College of Biological Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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3
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Quispe R, Sweeney T, Martin SS, Jones SR, Allison MA, Budoff MJ, Ndumele CE, Elshazly MB, Michos ED. Associations of Adipokine Levels With Levels of Remnant Cholesterol: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. J Am Heart Assoc 2024:e030548. [PMID: 39248264 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.030548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The metabolic syndrome phenotype of individuals with obesity is characterized by elevated levels of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and remnant particles, which have been shown to be significantly atherogenic. Understanding the association between adipokines, endogenous hormones produced by adipose tissue, and remnant cholesterol (RC) would give insight into the link between obesity and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. METHODS AND RESULTS We studied 1791 MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) participants who took part in an ancillary study on body composition with adipokine levels measured (leptin, adiponectin, and resistin) at either visit 2 or visit 3. RC was calculated as non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol minus low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, measured at the same visit as the adipokines, as well as subsequent visits 4 through 6. Multivariable-adjusted linear mixed-effects models were used to assess the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between adipokines and log-transformed levels of RC. Mean±SD age was 64.5±9.6 years; mean±SD body mass index was 29.9±5.0 kg/m2; and 52.0% were women. In fully adjusted cross-sectional models that included body mass index, diabetes, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and lipid-lowering therapy, for each 1-unit increment in adiponectin, there was 14.6% (95% CI, 12.2-16.9) lower RC. With each 1-unit increment in leptin and resistin, there was 4.8% (95% CI, 2.7-7.0) and 4.0% (95% CI, 0.2-8.1) higher RC, respectively. Lower adiponectin and higher leptin were also associated with longitudinal increases in RC levels over median follow-up of 5 (interquartile range, 4-8) years. CONCLUSIONS Lower adiponectin and higher leptin levels were independently associated with higher levels of RC at baseline and longitudinal RC increase, even after accounting for body mass index and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Quispe
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Ty Sweeney
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Seth S Martin
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Steven R Jones
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Matthew A Allison
- Department of Family Medicine University of California San Diego San Diego CA
| | | | - Chiadi E Ndumele
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Mohamed B Elshazly
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH
| | - Erin D Michos
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
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4
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Rehman IU, Park JS, Choe K, Park HY, Park TJ, Kim MO. Overview of a novel osmotin abolishes abnormal metabolic-associated adiponectin mechanism in Alzheimer's disease: Peripheral and CNS insights. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 100:102447. [PMID: 39111409 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative brain disease that affects millions of people worldwide. It is caused by abnormalities in cholinergic neurons, oxidative stress, and inflammatory cascades. The illness is accompanied by personality changes, memory issues, and dementia. Metabolic signaling pathways help with fundamental processes like DNA replication and RNA transcription. Being adaptable is essential for both surviving and treating illness. The body's metabolic signaling depends on adipokines, including adiponectin (APN) and other adipokines secreted by adipose tissues. Energy homeostasis is balanced by adipokines, and nutrients. Overconsumption of nutrients messes with irregular signaling of adipokines, such as APN in both peripheral and brain which leads to neurodegeneration, such as AD. Despite the failure of traditional treatments like memantine and cholinesterase inhibitors, natural plant bioactive substances like Osmotin (OSM) have been given a focus as potential therapeutics due to their antioxidant properties, better blood brain barrier (BBB) permeability, excellent cell viability, and especially nanoparticle approaches. The review highlights the published preclinical literature regarding the role of OSM in AD pathology while there is a need for more research to investigate the hidden therapeutic potential of OSM which may open a new gateway and further strengthen its healing role in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration, especially AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inayat Ur Rehman
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jun Sung Park
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyonghwan Choe
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, Maastricht 6229 ER, the Netherlands.
| | - Hyun Young Park
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, Maastricht 6229 ER, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht 6202 AZ, the Netherlands.
| | - Tae Ju Park
- Haemato-oncology/Systems Medicine Group, Paul O'Gorman Leukemia Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences (MVLS), University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 0ZD, United Kingdom.
| | - Myeong Ok Kim
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; Alz-Dementia Korea Co., Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Goli SH, Lim JY, Basaran-Akgul N, Templeton SP. Adiponectin pathway activation dampens inflammation and enhances alveolar macrophage fungal killing via LC3-associated phagocytosis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.24.600373. [PMID: 38979340 PMCID: PMC11230297 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.24.600373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Although innate immunity is critical for antifungal host defense against the human opportunistic fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus, potentially damaging inflammation must be controlled. Adiponectin (APN) is an adipokine produced mainly in adipose tissue that exerts anti-inflammatory effects in adipose-distal tissues such as the lung. We observed 100% mortality and increased fungal burden and inflammation in neutropenic mice with invasive aspergillosis (IA) that lack APN or the APN receptors AdipoR1 or AdipoR2. Alveolar macrophages (AMs), early immune sentinels that detect and respond to lung infection, express both receptors, and APN-/- AMs exhibited an inflammatory/M1 phenotype that was associated with decreased fungal killing. Pharmacological stimulation of AMs with AdipoR agonist AdipoRon partially rescued deficient killing in APN-/- AMs that was dependent on both receptors. Finally, APN-enhanced fungal killing was associated with increased activation of the non-canonical LC3 pathway of autophagy. Thus, our study identifies a novel role for APN in LC3-mediated killing of A. fumigatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sri Harshini Goli
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine-Terre Haute, Terre Haute, IN 47809, USA
- Department of Biology, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, IN 47809, USA
| | - Joo-Yeon Lim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine-Terre Haute, Terre Haute, IN 47809, USA
| | - Nese Basaran-Akgul
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine-Terre Haute, Terre Haute, IN 47809, USA
| | - Steven P. Templeton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine-Terre Haute, Terre Haute, IN 47809, USA
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6
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Li Y, Liu T, Zhang M, Pan C, Liu X, Zhao H, Lan X. A Functional 67-bp Duplication Locating at the Core Promoter Region within the Bovine ADIPOQ Gene Is Associated with Ovarian Traits and mRNA Expression. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2362. [PMID: 39199896 PMCID: PMC11350689 DOI: 10.3390/ani14162362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
ADIPOQ plays a crucial role in regulating the reproductive system, but there are few reports on the effects of ADIPOQ on ovarian in dairy cows. Previous studies have verified the presence of a 67-bp mutation in the promoter region of the ADIPOQ gene. Hence, we employed ovarian tissues (n = 2111) and blood samples (n = 108) from Chinese Holstein cows as experimental samples to examine the association between ADIPOQ promoter variants and ovarian traits. We extracted DNA from these samples and conducted genetic typing identification on each sample using advanced techniques like PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis. Consequently, the DD, ID, and II genotypes were discovered. and it has been observed that the mutation frequency of this locus is low in the Chinese Holstein cow. Importantly, the correlational analysis unveiled a significant relationship (p < 0.05) between the weight of ovaries in late estrus and the width of ovaries during the estrus interval with the mutation. Result of the RT-PCR revealed that the ID genotype partially diminished the expression of the ADIPOQ gene. The results of this study suggest that the identified variable duplication could serve as a potential genetic marker for enhancing the ovarian traits of Chinese Holstein cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufu Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.L.); (T.L.); (M.Z.); (C.P.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;
| | - Tingting Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.L.); (T.L.); (M.Z.); (C.P.)
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221008, China
| | - Mengyang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.L.); (T.L.); (M.Z.); (C.P.)
| | - Chuanying Pan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.L.); (T.L.); (M.Z.); (C.P.)
| | - Xu Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;
| | - Haiyu Zhao
- College of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xianyong Lan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.L.); (T.L.); (M.Z.); (C.P.)
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7
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Li K, Xiao X, Li Y, Lu S, Zi J, Sun X, Xu J, Liu HY, Li X, Song T, Cai D. Insights into the interplay between gut microbiota and lipid metabolism in the obesity management of canines and felines. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2024; 15:114. [PMID: 39118186 PMCID: PMC11308499 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-024-01073-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a prevalent chronic disease that has significant negative impacts on humans and our companion animals, including dogs and cats. Obesity occurs with multiple comorbidities, such as diabetes, hypertension, heart disease and osteoarthritis in dogs and cats. A direct link between lipid metabolism dysregulation and obesity-associated diseases has been implicated. However, the understanding of such pathophysiology in companion animals is limited. This review aims to address the role of lipid metabolism in various metabolic disorders associated with obesity, emphasizing the involvement of the gut microbiota. Furthermore, we also discuss the management of obesity, including approaches like nutritional interventions, thus providing novel insights into obesity prevention and treatment for canines and felines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqi Li
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Molecular Nutrition, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Breeding and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xiangyu Xiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yuling Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528231, China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310021, People's Republic of China
| | - Sichen Lu
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Molecular Nutrition, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Breeding and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jianghang Zi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jia Xu
- College of Agriculture, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua, 321017, China
| | - Hao-Yu Liu
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Molecular Nutrition, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Breeding and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tongxing Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Demin Cai
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Molecular Nutrition, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Breeding and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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8
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Ceccarini G, Pelosini C, Paoli M, Tyutyusheva N, Magno S, Gilio D, Palladino L, Sessa MR, Bertelloni S, Santini F. Serum levels of adiponectin differentiate generalized lipodystrophies from anorexia nervosa. J Endocrinol Invest 2024; 47:1881-1886. [PMID: 38358463 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-024-02308-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The differential diagnosis of lipodystrophy involves other disorders characterized by severe fat loss and may be sometimes challenging. Owing to the rarity of lipodystrophy, it is relevant to search for tools and assays that differentiate it from other diseases that may mimic it. We conducted a study on leptin and high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin serum concentrations in a series of patients diagnosed with lipodystrophy and compared them with those found in anorexia nervosa, one of the illnesses that may be cause of a missed diagnosis of lipodystrophy. METHODS Leptin and HMW adiponectin serum concentrations were measured in six patients diagnosed with generalized lipodystrophy (GL), six with progeroid syndromes (PS), 13 with familial partial lipodystrophy type 1 (FPLD1, Kobberling syndrome), 10 with familial partial lipodystrophy type 2 (FPLD2, Dunnigan syndrome), 18 with acquired partial lipodystrophy (APL) and 12 affected by anorexia nervosa (AN). Measurements were compared to those obtained in 12 normal weight healthy subjects. RESULTS Serum leptin concentrations were reduced to a similar degree in GL, PS and AN, proportionally to the extent of fat loss. Serum concentrations of HMW adiponectin were found extremely low in patients with GL and PS, while comparable to normal weight subjects in patients with AN. CONCLUSION Serum HMW adiponectin can be regarded as a useful tool to discriminate between generalized lipodystrophy syndromes (including PS) and AN.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ceccarini
- Obesity and Lipodystrophy Center, Endocrinology Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | - C Pelosini
- Obesity and Lipodystrophy Center, Endocrinology Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Chemistry and Endocrinology Laboratory, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - M Paoli
- Chemistry and Endocrinology Laboratory, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - N Tyutyusheva
- Pediatric Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - S Magno
- Obesity and Lipodystrophy Center, Endocrinology Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - D Gilio
- Obesity and Lipodystrophy Center, Endocrinology Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - L Palladino
- Obesity and Lipodystrophy Center, Endocrinology Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - M R Sessa
- Chemistry and Endocrinology Laboratory, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - S Bertelloni
- Pediatric Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - F Santini
- Obesity and Lipodystrophy Center, Endocrinology Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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9
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Baldelli S, Aiello G, Mansilla Di Martino E, Campaci D, Muthanna FMS, Lombardo M. The Role of Adipose Tissue and Nutrition in the Regulation of Adiponectin. Nutrients 2024; 16:2436. [PMID: 39125318 PMCID: PMC11313710 DOI: 10.3390/nu16152436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT), composed mainly of adipocytes, plays a critical role in lipid control, metabolism, and energy storage. Once considered metabolically inert, AT is now recognized as a dynamic endocrine organ that regulates food intake, energy homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, thermoregulation, and immune responses. This review examines the multifaceted role of adiponectin, a predominant adipokine released by AT, in glucose and fatty acid metabolism. We explore the regulatory mechanisms of adiponectin, its physiological effects and its potential as a therapeutic target for metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and fatty liver disease. Furthermore, we analyze the impact of various dietary patterns, specific nutrients, and physical activities on adiponectin levels, highlighting strategies to improve metabolic health. Our comprehensive review provides insights into the critical functions of adiponectin and its importance in maintaining systemic metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Baldelli
- Department for the Promotion of Human Science and Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy (E.M.D.M.)
- IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Gilda Aiello
- Department for the Promotion of Human Science and Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy (E.M.D.M.)
| | - Eliana Mansilla Di Martino
- Department for the Promotion of Human Science and Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy (E.M.D.M.)
| | - Diego Campaci
- Department for the Promotion of Human Science and Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy (E.M.D.M.)
| | - Fares M. S. Muthanna
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Science and Technology-Aden, Alshaab Street, Enmaa City 22003, Yemen
| | - Mauro Lombardo
- Department for the Promotion of Human Science and Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy (E.M.D.M.)
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10
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Sebastià C, Gallopin M, Ramayo-Caldas Y, Estellé J, Valdés-Hernández J, Castelló A, Sánchez A, Crespo-Piazuelo D, Folch JM. Gene co-expression network analysis for porcine intramuscular fatty acid composition. Animal 2024; 18:101259. [PMID: 39137614 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2024.101259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
In pigs, meat quality depends markedly on the fatty acid (FA) content and composition of the intramuscular fat, which is partly determined by the gene expression in this tissue. The aim of this work was to identify the link between muscle gene expression and its FA composition. In an (Iberian × Duroc) × Duroc backcrossed pig population, we identified modules of co-expressed genes, and correlation analyses were performed for each of them versus the phenotypes, finding four relevant modules. Two of the modules were positively correlated with saturated FAs (SFAs) and monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs), while negatively correlated with polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) and the omega-6/omega-3 ratio. The gene-enrichment analysis showed that these modules had over-representation of pathways related with the biosynthesis of unsaturated FAs, the Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signalling pathway and FA elongation. The two other relevant modules were positively correlated with PUFA and the n-6/n-3 ratio, but negatively correlated with SFA and MUFA. In this case, they had an over-representation of pathways related with fatty and amino acid degradation, and with oxidative phosphorylation. Using a graphical Gaussian model, we inferred a network of connections between the genes within each module. The first module had 52 genes with 87 connections, and the most connected genes were ADIPOQ, which is related with FA oxidation, and ELOVL6 and FABP4, both involved in FA metabolism. The second module showed 196 genes connected by 263 edges, being FN1 and MAP3K11 the most connected genes. On the other hand, the third module had 161 genes connected by 251 edges and ATG13 was the top neighbouring gene, while the fourth module had 224 genes and 655 connections, and its most connected genes were related with mitochondrial pathways. Overall, this work successfully identified relevant muscle gene networks and modules linked with FA composition, providing further insights on how the physiology of the pigs influences FA composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sebastià
- Plant and Animal Genomics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Consortium, C. de la Vall Moronta, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Edifici V, Travessera dels Turons, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - M Gallopin
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, 1, Avenue de la Terrasse, Bâtiment 21, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Y Ramayo-Caldas
- Departament de Genètica i Millora Animal, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Torre Marimon, 08140 Caldes de Montbui, Spain
| | - J Estellé
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, Domaine de Vilvert, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - J Valdés-Hernández
- Plant and Animal Genomics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Consortium, C. de la Vall Moronta, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Edifici V, Travessera dels Turons, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - A Castelló
- Plant and Animal Genomics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Consortium, C. de la Vall Moronta, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Edifici V, Travessera dels Turons, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - A Sánchez
- Plant and Animal Genomics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Consortium, C. de la Vall Moronta, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Edifici V, Travessera dels Turons, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - D Crespo-Piazuelo
- Departament de Genètica i Millora Animal, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Torre Marimon, 08140 Caldes de Montbui, Spain; R&D Department, Cuarte S.L., Grupo Jorge, Autov. Zaragoza-Logroño, km.9, 50120 Monzalbarba, Spain
| | - J M Folch
- Plant and Animal Genomics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Consortium, C. de la Vall Moronta, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Edifici V, Travessera dels Turons, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
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11
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Omatsu J, Yamashita T, Mori T, Osuji Y, Kawanabe R, Kuzumi A, Yoshizaki A, Yokota T, Yamazaki K, Sato S, Yoshizaki A. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation for facial wrinkles and sagging: The 8-week prospective, split-face, controlled trial in Asians. J Cosmet Dermatol 2024. [PMID: 38992992 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.16403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to fill the knowledge gap regarding the effects of high frequency facial neuromuscular electrical stimulation (fNMES) on facial aging, using a device equipped with CERTEC (Cell Energy Regeneration Technology) operating between 40 and 190 kHz. METHODS This prospective split-face study was conducted at Tokyo University Hospital between March and May 2023 with 24 healthy adult women aged 30-59. The intervention group used the fNMES device along with basic skin care on one side of the face, and basic skin care alone on the other side for 8 weeks. Evaluations included changes in skin wrinkles, sagging, and blood flow. RESULTS This study found significant improvements in skin elasticity and degree of wrinkles in the areas intervened with fNMES (p < 0.05, respectively). In addition, the intervention resulted in significant improvements in jawline angle (p < 0.01), submental volume (p < 0.05), cheek volume (p < 0.05), maximum nasolabial fold depth (p = 0.03), and total volume of the nasolabial folds (p = 0.03). The fNMES intervention also showed improvement in blood flow (p < 0.05). These improvements were also subjectively assessed by the participants in subject questionnaires at 8 weeks after the intervention (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION This study suggests that high frequency fNMES effectively improves facial skin elasticity, reduces wrinkles and sagging, promotes blood flow, and contributes to overall facial appearance rejuvenation. Although further studies are needed, high frequency fNMES appeared promising as a noninvasive anti-aging therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Omatsu
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamashita
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toko Mori
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yurika Osuji
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ruriko Kawanabe
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ai Kuzumi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asako Yoshizaki
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomomi Yokota
- Face Life Laboratory, Research and Development Department, YA-MAN Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yamazaki
- Face Life Laboratory, Research and Development Department, YA-MAN Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Sato
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayumi Yoshizaki
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Clinical Cannabinoid Research, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Mao TH, Huang HQ, Zhang CH. Clinical characteristics and treatment compounds of obesity-related kidney injury. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:1091-1110. [PMID: 38983811 PMCID: PMC11229974 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i6.1091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Disorders in energy homeostasis can lead to various metabolic diseases, particularly obesity. The obesity epidemic has led to an increased incidence of obesity-related nephropathy (ORN), a distinct entity characterized by proteinuria, glomerulomegaly, progressive glomerulosclerosis, and renal function decline. Obesity and its associated renal damage are common in clinical practice, and their incidence is increasing and attracting great attention. There is a great need to identify safe and effective therapeutic modalities, and therapeutics using chemical compounds and natural products are receiving increasing attention. However, the summary is lacking about the specific effects and mechanisms of action of compounds in the treatment of ORN. In this review, we summarize the important clinical features and compound treatment strategies for obesity and obesity-induced kidney injury. We also summarize the pathologic and clinical features of ORN as well as its pathogenesis and potential therapeutics targeting renal inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, fibrosis, kidney lipid accumulation, and dysregulated autophagy. In addition, detailed information on natural and synthetic compounds used for the treatment of obesity-related kidney disease is summarized. The synthesis of detailed information aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of the clinical treatment modalities for obesity-related kidney diseases, fostering the anticipation of novel insights in this domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo-Hua Mao
- Department of Endocrinology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Han-Qi Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Hubei No. 3 People’s Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan 430033, Hubei Province, China
| | - Chuan-Hai Zhang
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States
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13
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Nguyen MLT, Pham C, Pham VT, Nham PLT, Ta BT, Le DT, Le QV, Hoang XC, Bozko P, Nguyen LT, Bui KC. Adiponectin Receptor Agonist Effectively Suppresses Hepatocellular Carcinoma Growth. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024; 82:687-695. [PMID: 38243102 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01217-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second lethal cancer. Short overall survival, low five-year survival rate, and unimproved treatment efficacy urge the need to improve HCC prognosis. Adiponectin is key protector against cancer and hepatic abnormalities. Hypoadiponectinemia occurs in and promotes carcinogenesis and hepatic diseases. Adiponectin reactivation by different methods showed impressive effect against cancer and hepatic diseases. Recently, AdipoRon, an adiponectin receptor agonist, can interact with both Adiponectin receptors. AdipoRon showed promising anti-cancer effect in some cancers, but no study on HCC yet. The in vitro effect of AdipoRon on HCC was investigated by cell viability, migration, invasion, colony formation and apoptosis assays. The signalling alteration was determined by RT-qPCR and Western blot. The effect of treatment was interpreted by comparison between treatments and control. The difference between two cell lines was relatively compared. Our results showed significant in vitro anti-cancer effect of AdipoRon via AMPK- and dose-dependent manner. Huh7 cells showed a lower level of AdipoR1/2 and a superior proliferation and aggressiveness, compared to Hep3B. In addition, Huh7 cells were more sensitive to AdipoRon treatment (lower IC50, less cell growth, migration, invasion and colonies upon AdipoRon treatment) than Hep3B cells. In conclusion, AdipoRon effectively inhibited HCC growth and invasiveness in vitro. The deficient expression of adiponectin receptors affects efficacy of AdipoRon and aggressiveness of HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Ly Thi Nguyen
- Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Biochemistry, Military Hospital 103, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Chi Pham
- Laboratory Animal Research Centre, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Van Tran Pham
- Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Biochemistry, Military Hospital 103, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phuong Linh Thi Nham
- Laboratory Animal Research Centre, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ba Thang Ta
- Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Respiratory Centre, Military Hospital 103, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Dinh Tuan Le
- Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Military Hospital 103, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Quoc Vuong Le
- Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Medical Examination, Le Huu Trac National Burn Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Przemyslaw Bozko
- Department of Internal medicine I, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- The M3 Research Institute, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Linh Toan Nguyen
- Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Pathophysiology, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Vietnamese-German Center for Medical Research (VG-CARE), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Khac Cuong Bui
- Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
- Laboratory Animal Research Centre, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
- Department of Internal medicine I, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
- Department of Pathophysiology, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
- Vietnamese-German Center for Medical Research (VG-CARE), Hanoi, Vietnam.
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14
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Al-Mhanna SB, Batrakoulis A, Norhayati MN, Mohamed M, Drenowatz C, Irekeola AA, Afolabi HA, Gülü M, Alkhamees NH, Wan Ghazali WS. Combined Aerobic and Resistance Training Improves Body Composition, Alters Cardiometabolic Risk, and Ameliorates Cancer-Related Indicators in Breast Cancer Patients and Survivors with Overweight/Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Sports Sci Med 2024; 23:366-395. [PMID: 38841642 PMCID: PMC11149074 DOI: 10.52082/jssm.2024.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer survivors with obesity are at a high risk of cancer recurrence, comorbidity, and mortality. This review aims to systematically evaluate the effects of combined aerobic and resistance training (CART) on body composition, lipid homeostasis, inflammation, adipokines, cancer-related fatigue, sleep, and quality of life in breast cancer patients and survivors with overweight/obesity. An electronic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Cochrane, and Google Scholar databases from inception up to January 8, 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) meeting the inclusion criteria were selected for the analysis. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to assess eligible studies, and the GRADE method to evaluate the quality of evidence. A random-effects model was used, and data were analyzed using mean (MD) and standardized mean differences (SMD) for continuous variables with 95% confidence intervals (CI). We assessed the data for risk of bias, heterogeneity, sensitivity, reporting bias, and quality of evidence. A total of 17 randomized controlled trials were included in the systematic review involving 1,148 female patients and survivors (mean age: 54.0 ± 3.4 years). The primary outcomes showed significant improvements in body mass index (SMD -0.57 kg/m2, p = 0.04), body fat (SMD -0.50%, p = 0.02), fat mass (SMD -0.63 kg, p = 0.04), hip circumference (MD -3.14 cm, p = 0.02), and fat-free mass (SMD 1.03 kg, p < 0.001). The secondary outcomes indicated significant increases in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (MD -0.05 mmol/L, p = 0.008), natural killer cells (SMD 0.42%, p = 0.04), reductions in triglycerides (MD -81.90 mg/dL, p < 0.01), total cholesterol (SMD -0.95 mmol/L, p < 0.01), tumor necrosis factor α (SMD -0.89 pg/mL, p = 0.03), and leptin (SMD -0.63 ng/mL, p = 0.03). Also, beneficial alterations were found in cancer-related fatigue (SMD -0.98, p = 0.03), sleep (SMD -1.17, p < 0.001), and quality of life (SMD 2.94, p = 0.02) scores. There was very low to low confidence in the estimated effect of most of the outcomes. The present findings reveal that CART could be considered an adjunct therapy in supporting the conventional clinical approach observed following exercise. However, further high-quality research is needed to evaluate whether CART would be a valuable intervention to lower aggressive pharmacologic use in breast cancer patients with overweight/obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Badri Al-Mhanna
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Alexios Batrakoulis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, Karies, Trikala, Greece
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Democritus University of Thrace, Komotini, Greece
| | - Mohd Noor Norhayati
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Kubang Keria, Malaysia
| | - Mahaneem Mohamed
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Clemens Drenowatz
- Division of Sport, Physical Activity and Health, University of Teacher Education Upper Austria, Linz, Austria
| | - Ahmad Adebayo Irekeola
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Hafeez Abiola Afolabi
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Hospital University Sains Malaysia, University Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Mehmet Gülü
- Department of Sports Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - Nouf H Alkhamees
- Department of Rehabilitation, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wan Syaheedah Wan Ghazali
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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15
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Liu J, Li L, Xu D, Li Y, Chen T, Liu Y, Bao Y, Wang Y, Yang L, Li P, Xu L. Rab18 maintains homeostasis of subcutaneous adipose tissue to prevent obesity-induced metabolic disorders. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2024; 67:1170-1182. [PMID: 38523235 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2367-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Metabolically healthy obesity refers to obese individuals who do not develop metabolic disorders. These people store fat in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) rather than in visceral adipose tissue (VAT). However, the molecules participating in this specific scenario remain elusive. Rab18, a lipid droplet (LD)-associated protein, mediates the contact between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and LDs to facilitate LD growth and maturation. In the present study, we show that the protein level of Rab18 is specifically upregulated in the SAT of obese people and mice. Rab18 adipocyte-specific knockout (Rab18 AKO) mice had a decreased volume ratio of SAT to VAT compared with wildtype mice. When subjected to high-fat diet (HFD), Rab18 AKO mice had increased ER stress and inflammation, reduced adiponectin, and decreased triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulation in SAT. In contrast, TAG accumulation in VAT, brown adipose tissue (BAT) or liver of Rab18 AKO mice had a moderate increase without ER stress stimulation. Rab18 AKO mice developed insulin resistance and systematic inflammation. Rab18 AKO mice maintained body temperature in response to acute and chronic cold induction with a thermogenic SAT, similar to the counterpart mice. Furthermore, Rab18-deficient 3T3-L1 adipocytes were more prone to palmitate-induced ER stress, indicating the involvement of Rab18 in alleviating lipid toxicity. Rab18 AKO mice provide a good animal model to investigate metabolic disorders such as impaired SAT. In conclusion, our studies reveal that Rab18 is a key and specific regulator that maintains the proper functions of SAT by alleviating lipid-induced ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, Shanghai, 200232, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Liangkui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Dijin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yuqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Yeyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yuqian Bao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Center for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, 101149, China
| | - Longyan Yang
- Center for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, 101149, China
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, Shanghai, 200232, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
- Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, Shanghai, 200232, China.
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16
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Dawid M, Pich K, Mlyczyńska E, Respekta-Długosz N, Wachowska D, Greggio A, Szkraba O, Kurowska P, Rak A. Adipokines in pregnancy. Adv Clin Chem 2024; 121:172-269. [PMID: 38797542 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Reproductive success consists of a sequential events chronology, starting with the ovum fertilization, implantation of the embryo, placentation, and cellular processes like proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, endocrinology, or metabolic changes, which taken together finally conduct the birth of healthy offspring. Currently, many factors are known that affect the regulation and proper maintenance of pregnancy in humans, domestic animals, or rodents. Among the determinants of reproductive success should be distinguished: the maternal microenvironment, genes, and proteins as well as numerous pregnancy hormones that regulate the most important processes and ensure organism homeostasis. It is well known that white adipose tissue, as the largest endocrine gland in our body, participates in the synthesis and secretion of numerous hormones belonging to the adipokine family, which also may regulate the course of pregnancy. Unfortunately, overweight and obesity lead to the expansion of adipose tissue in the body, and its excess in both women and animals contributes to changes in the synthesis and release of adipokines, which in turn translates into dramatic changes during pregnancy, including those taking place in the organ that is crucial for the proper progress of pregnancy, i.e. the placenta. In this chapter, we are summarizing the current knowledge about levels of adipokines and their role in the placenta, taking into account the physiological and pathological conditions of pregnancy, e.g. gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, or intrauterine growth restriction in humans, domestic animals, and rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Dawid
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Karolina Pich
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Mlyczyńska
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Natalia Respekta-Długosz
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Dominka Wachowska
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Greggio
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Oliwia Szkraba
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Patrycja Kurowska
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Rak
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland.
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17
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Balejko EB, Bogacka A, Lichota J, Pawlus J. Effects of Bioactive Dietary Components on Changes in Lipid and Liver Parameters in Women after Bariatric Surgery and Procedures. Nutrients 2024; 16:1379. [PMID: 38732625 PMCID: PMC11085392 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Excess adipose tissue, as well as its distribution, correlates strongly with disorders of lipid and liver parameters and chronic inflammation. The pathophysiology of metabolic diseases caused by obesity is associated with the dysfunction of visceral adipose tissue. Effective and alternative interventions such as the Bioenteric Intragastric Balloon and bariatric surgeries such as the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of modifying the recommended standard weight loss diet after bariatric surgery and procedures on reducing chronic inflammation in overweight patients. In the study, bioactive anti-inflammatory dietary components were used supportively. Changes in the concentrations of lipid parameters, liver parameters, antioxidant enzymes, cytokines, and chemokines were demonstrated. The enrichment of the diet, after bariatric surgery, with the addition of n-3 EFAs(Essential Fatty Acids), bioflavonoids, vitamins, and synbiotics resulted in higher weight losses in the patients in the study with a simultaneous reduction in parameters indicating liver dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Barbara Balejko
- Department of Commodity Science, Quality Assessment, Process Engineering and Human Nutrition, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 71-459 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anna Bogacka
- Department of Commodity Science, Quality Assessment, Process Engineering and Human Nutrition, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 71-459 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jarosław Lichota
- Unii Lubelskiej 1, Department of General, Minimally Invasive and Gastroenterological Surgery, Independent Public Clinical Hospital No. 1 of Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jan Pawlus
- Unii Lubelskiej 1, Department of General, Minimally Invasive and Gastroenterological Surgery, Independent Public Clinical Hospital No. 1 of Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
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18
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Han Y, Sun Q, Chen W, Gao Y, Ye J, Chen Y, Wang T, Gao L, Liu Y, Yang Y. New advances of adiponectin in regulating obesity and related metabolic syndromes. J Pharm Anal 2024; 14:100913. [PMID: 38799237 PMCID: PMC11127227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity and related metabolic syndromes have been recognized as important disease risks, in which the role of adipokines cannot be ignored. Adiponectin (ADP) is one of the key adipokines with various beneficial effects, including improving glucose and lipid metabolism, enhancing insulin sensitivity, reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, promoting ceramides degradation, and stimulating adipose tissue vascularity. Based on those, it can serve as a positive regulator in many metabolic syndromes, such as type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular diseases, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), sarcopenia, neurodegenerative diseases, and certain cancers. Therefore, a promising therapeutic approach for treating various metabolic diseases may involve elevating ADP levels or activating ADP receptors. The modulation of ADP genes, multimerization, and secretion covers the main processes of ADP generation, providing a comprehensive orientation for the development of more appropriate therapeutic strategies. In order to have a deeper understanding of ADP, this paper will provide an all-encompassing review of ADP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqi Han
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Beijing Key laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Qianwen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Beijing Key laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Beijing Key laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yue Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Beijing Key laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jun Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Beijing Key laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yanmin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Beijing Key laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Beijing Key laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Lili Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Beijing Key laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yuling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Beijing Key laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yanfang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Beijing Key laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
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19
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Li J, Fan Z, Chen H, Maria Da Costa E, Zhou X, Yu N. Development of a rapid and ultrasensitive magnetic chemiluminescence immunoassay for the detection of adiponectin and its clinical application. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 241:115961. [PMID: 38237546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.115961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Adiponectin (ADPN), which serum/plasma adiponectin levels are closely associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, and lower adiponectin levels predict an increased risk of diabetes, is a strong indicator of diabetes risk in people at high risk of diabetes in different races. Using the unique principle and performance advantages of chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA), an ADPN-CLIA method with high sensitivity, high specificity and wide detection range was established based on the principle of two-steps method of sandwich-type, with the magnetic particles (MPs) as the solid phase carrier and acridinium ester (AE) as the chemiluminescence reaction system. The selection of the main raw materials required, the preparation conditions of MPs-coated antibodies, the methods of AE-labeled antibodies, sample requirements and reaction modes were optimized and evaluated. AE labeling experiment was successfully performed with the labeling efficiency of 8.366 and the antibody utilization rate of 96.8%. The chemiluminescent immunoassay for ADPN had a good linear relationship from 0 ng/mL to 250 ng/mL (R2 =0.9993), with the detection limit of 0.05 ng/mL. The coefficient of variation (CV) of intra-assay and inter-assay precision were both less than 5% respectively. The recovery rates for accuracy were from 91.26% to 107.46%. The comparison experiment of 80 clinical serum samples between the developed ADPN-CLIA with the immunoturbidimetry showed that the correlation coefficient was 0.956, and the Bland-Altman analysis showed that the limits of agreement were - 0.364 and 0.433.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiexia Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, PR China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, PR China
| | - Zhuqiao Fan
- Guangzhou Biotron Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510530, PR China
| | - Hanqi Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, PR China
| | - Ernestina Maria Da Costa
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, PR China
| | - Xiaomian Zhou
- Guangzhou Biotron Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510530, PR China.
| | - Nan Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, PR China; Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, PR China.
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20
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Tahergorabi Z, Lotfi H, Rezaei M, Aftabi M, Moodi M. Crosstalk between obesity and cancer: a role for adipokines. Arch Physiol Biochem 2024; 130:155-168. [PMID: 34644215 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2021.1988110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a complex organ that is increasingly being recognised as the largest endocrine organ in the body. Adipocytes among multiple cell types of adipose tissue can secrete a variety of adipokines, which are involved in signalling pathways and these can be changed by obesity and cancer. There are proposed mechanisms to link obesity/adiposity to cancer development including adipocytokine dysregulation. Among these adipokines, leptin acts through multiple pathways including the STAT3, MAPK, and PI3K pathways involved in cell growth. Adiponectin has the opposite action from leptin in tumour growth partly because of increased apoptotic responses of p53 and Bax. Visfatin increases cancer cell proliferation through ERK1/2, PI3K/AKT, and p38 which are stimulated by proinflammatory cytokines. Omentin through the PI3K/Akt-Nos pathway is involved in cancer-tumour development. Apelin might be involved through angiogenesis in tumour progressions. PAI-1 via its anti-fibrinolytic activity on cell adhesion and uPA/uPAR activity influence cancer cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoya Tahergorabi
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Department of Physiology, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Hamed Lotfi
- Khatamolanbia Hospital, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran
| | - Maryam Rezaei
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Department of Internal Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohammad Aftabi
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mitra Moodi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Health Promotion and Education, School of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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21
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Bernardi O, Ramé C, Reverchon M, Dupont J. Adiponectin and visfatin expression profile in extra-embryonic annexes and role during embryo development in layer and broiler chickens. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2024; 349:114466. [PMID: 38325528 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Some evidence showed differences between layer and broiler embryo development. We recently showed that two adipokines, adiponectin and visfatin are expressed in the extra embryonic membranes and fluids. However, their role in the embryo development is unknown. Thus, our objectives were 1. to compare the expression of AdipoQ and its receptors AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 and visfatin in extra-embryonic annexes in broiler and layer breeders during the embryo development and 2. to investigate the role of two adipokines in embryo development in both broiler and layer breed after in ovo injection of blocking antibodies against chicken adiponectin or visfatin. We found that adiponectin, AdipoR1, AdipoR2 and visfatin were mainly more expressed in the allantoic that in amniotic membranes. In addition, these expressions increased according the stage of embryo development. We observed a higher expression in layer than in broiler of AdipoQ in allantoic membranes at ED14 and ED18, of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 in both allantoic and amniotic membranes at ED7 and ED14 and of visfatin only in allantoic membrane from ED7 to ED18. AdipoQ and visfatin were absent in amniotic fluid at ED7 but present at ED14 or ED18 where higher concentrations were detected in layer than in broiler. Interestingly, we showed a strong positive correlation between Adipo and visfatin concentration in amniotic fluid and the body weight of embryo in both breeds. However, after in ovo injection of Adipo antibodies we did not observe any effect on the embryo mortality whereas injection of visfatin antibodies increased in a dose dependent manner the embryo mortality in both breeds. Taken together, Adipo and visfatin are higher expressed in layer than broiler in extra-embryonic membranes and amniotic fluid. Our data suggest also that visfatin could be a main regulator of embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ophélie Bernardi
- SYSAAF-Syndicat des Sélectionneurs Avicoles et Aquacoles Français, Centre INRAE Val de Loire, F-37380, Nouzilly, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Université de Tours, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, UMR85, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Christelle Ramé
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Université de Tours, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, UMR85, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Maxime Reverchon
- SYSAAF-Syndicat des Sélectionneurs Avicoles et Aquacoles Français, Centre INRAE Val de Loire, F-37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Joëlle Dupont
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Université de Tours, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, UMR85, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
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22
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Rendine M, Cocci P, de Vivo L, Bellesi M, Palermo FA. Effects of Chronic Sleep Restriction on Transcriptional Sirtuin 1 Signaling Regulation in Male Mice White Adipose Tissue. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:2144-2154. [PMID: 38534754 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46030138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic sleep restriction (CSR) is a prevalent issue in modern society that is associated with several pathological states, ranging from neuropsychiatric to metabolic diseases. Despite its known impact on metabolism, the specific effects of CSR on the molecular mechanisms involved in maintaining metabolic homeostasis at the level of white adipose tissue (WAT) remain poorly understood. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the influence of CSR on sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) signaling pathway in the WAT of young male mice. Both genes interact with specific targets involved in multiple metabolic processes, including adipocyte differentiation, browning, and lipid metabolism. The quantitative PCR (qPCR) results demonstrated a significant upregulation of SIRT-1 and some of its target genes associated with the transcriptional regulation of lipid homeostasis (i.e., PPARα, PPARγ, PGC-1α, and SREBF) and adipose tissue development (i.e., leptin, adiponectin) in CSR mice. On the contrary, DNA-binding transcription factors (i.e., CEBP-β and C-myc), which play a pivotal function during the adipogenesis process, were found to be down-regulated. Our results also suggest that the induction of SIRT1-dependent molecular pathways prevents weight gain. Overall, these findings offer new, valuable insights into the molecular adaptations of WAT to CSR, in order to support increased energy demand due to sleep loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Rendine
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Cocci
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Luisa de Vivo
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Michele Bellesi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1QU, UK
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23
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Eng PC, Phylactou M, Qayum A, Woods C, Lee H, Aziz S, Moore B, Miras AD, Comninos AN, Tan T, Franks S, Dhillo WS, Abbara A. Obesity-Related Hypogonadism in Women. Endocr Rev 2024; 45:171-189. [PMID: 37559411 PMCID: PMC10911953 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnad027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Obesity-related hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is a well-characterized condition in men (termed male obesity-related secondary hypogonadism; MOSH); however, an equivalent condition has not been as clearly described in women. The prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is known to increase with obesity, but PCOS is more typically characterized by increased gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) (and by proxy luteinizing hormone; LH) pulsatility, rather than by the reduced gonadotropin levels observed in MOSH. Notably, LH levels and LH pulse amplitude are reduced with obesity, both in women with and without PCOS, suggesting that an obesity-related secondary hypogonadism may also exist in women akin to MOSH in men. Herein, we examine the evidence for the existence of a putative non-PCOS "female obesity-related secondary hypogonadism" (FOSH). We précis possible underlying mechanisms for the occurrence of hypogonadism in this context and consider how such mechanisms differ from MOSH in men, and from PCOS in women without obesity. In this review, we consider relevant etiological factors that are altered in obesity and that could impact on GnRH pulsatility to ascertain whether they could contribute to obesity-related secondary hypogonadism including: anti-Müllerian hormone, androgen, insulin, fatty acid, adiponectin, and leptin. More precise phenotyping of hypogonadism in women with obesity could provide further validation for non-PCOS FOSH and preface the ability to define/investigate such a condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Chia Eng
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549
| | - Maria Phylactou
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Ambreen Qayum
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Casper Woods
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Hayoung Lee
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Sara Aziz
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Benedict Moore
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Alexander D Miras
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Alexander N Comninos
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Tricia Tan
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Steve Franks
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Waljit S Dhillo
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Ali Abbara
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W12 0NN, UK
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24
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Barnabé MA, Elliott J, Harris PA, Menzies-Gow NJ. Short-term induced hyperinsulinaemia and dexamethasone challenge do not affect circulating total adiponectin concentrations in insulin-sensitive ponies. Equine Vet J 2024; 56:332-341. [PMID: 37800859 DOI: 10.1111/evj.14012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoadiponectinaemia is a risk factor for endocrinopathic laminitis, but the directionality and nature of its association with insulin dysregulation is unclear. OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of short-term induced hyperinsulinaemia and dexamethasone challenge on circulating [total adiponectin] and whole blood expression of adiponectin (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2), insulin, and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) receptors in insulin-sensitive ponies. STUDY DESIGN In vivo experiment. METHODS Six never-laminitic, insulin-sensitive, native-breed UK ponies first underwent a dexamethasone challenge (0.08 mg/kg i.v.) with blood samples collected every 15 min over 3 h. After a 14-day washout period, hyperinsulinaemia was induced for 9 h via a euglycaemic-hyperinsulinaemic clamp (EHC), with blood samples collected every 30 min. Serum [insulin], plasma [total adiponectin], and plasma [IGF-1] were measured using validated assays and receptor gene expression was assessed via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Finally, whole blood was incubated with 10-1000 ng/mL dexamethasone for 3 h at 37°C to investigate its direct effects on gene expression. RESULTS There were no adverse effects observed during either protocol. Dexamethasone challenge did not alter circulating [insulin] or [total adiponectin] at any time-point, but significantly upregulated AdipoR1 and IGF-1R expression at 150 and 180 min. Ex vivo incubation of whole blood with dexamethasone did not alter expression of the genes examined. There was no change in [total adiponectin] or expression of the genes examined associated with EHC-induced hyperinsulinemia. MAIN LIMITATIONS This was a small sample size that included only native-breed ponies; total adiponectin was measured rather than high-molecular-weight adiponectin. CONCLUSIONS Short-term induced hyperinsulinaemia and dexamethasone challenge did not affect circulating [total adiponectin] in insulin-sensitive ponies. However, dexamethasone administration was associated with upregulation of two receptors linked to adiponectin signalling, suggesting that a physiological response occurred possibly to counteract dexamethasone-associated changes in tissue insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine A Barnabé
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Jonathan Elliott
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Patricia A Harris
- Equine Studies Group, Waltham Petcare Science Institute, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Nicola J Menzies-Gow
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hertfordshire, UK
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25
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Jin L, Diaz-Canestro C, Wang Y, Tse MA, Xu A. Exerkines and cardiometabolic benefits of exercise: from bench to clinic. EMBO Mol Med 2024; 16:432-444. [PMID: 38321233 PMCID: PMC10940599 DOI: 10.1038/s44321-024-00027-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Regular exercise has both immediate and long-lasting benefits on cardiometabolic health, and has been recommended as a cornerstone of treatment in the management of diabetes and cardiovascular conditions. Exerkines, which are defined as humoral factors responsive to acute or chronic exercise, have emerged as important players conferring some of the multiple cardiometabolic benefits of exercise. Over the past decades, hundreds of exerkines released from skeletal muscle, heart, liver, adipose tissue, brain, and gut have been identified, and several exerkines (such as FGF21, IL-6, and adiponectin) have been exploited therapeutically as exercise mimetics for the treatment of various metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Recent advances in metagenomics have led to the identification of gut microbiota, a so-called "hidden" metabolic organ, as an additional class of exerkines determining the efficacy of exercise in diabetes prevention, cardiac protection, and exercise performance. Furthermore, multiomics-based studies have shown the feasibility of using baseline exerkine signatures to predict individual responses to exercise with respect to metabolic and cardiorespiratory health. This review aims to explore the molecular pathways whereby exerkine networks mediate the cardiometabolic adaptations to exercise by fine-tuning inter-organ crosstalk, and discuss the roadmaps for translating exerkine-based discovery into the therapeutic application and personalized medicine in the management of the cardiometabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Candela Diaz-Canestro
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Michael Andrew Tse
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Sports and Exercise, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Aimin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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26
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Shultz RB, Hai N, Zhong Y. Local delivery of AdipoRon from self-assembled microparticles to inhibit myelin lipid uptake and to promote lipid efflux from rat macrophages. J Neural Eng 2024; 21:016028. [PMID: 38359460 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ad29d5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Objective.Abundant lipid-laden macrophages are found at the injury site after spinal cord injury (SCI). These cells have been suggested to be pro-inflammatory and neurotoxic. AdipoRon, an adiponectin receptor agonist, has been shown to promote myelin lipid efflux from mouse macrophage foam cells. While it is an attractive therapeutic strategy, systemic administration of AdipoRon is likely to exert off-target effects. In addition, the pathophysiology after SCI in mice is different from that in humans, whereas rat and human SCI share similar functional and histological outcomes. In this study, we evaluated the effects of AdipoRon on rat macrophage foam cells and developed a drug delivery system capable of providing sustained local release of AdipoRon to the injured spinal cord.Approach.Rat macrophages were treated with myelin debris to generate anin vitromodel of SCI foam cells, and the effects of AdipoRon treatment on myelin uptake and efflux were studied. AdipoRon was then loaded into and released from microparticles made from dextran sulfate and fibrinogen for sustained release.Main results.AdipoRon treatment not only significantly promotes efflux of metabolized myelin lipids, but also inhibits uptake of myelin debris. Myelin debris alone does not appear to be inflammatory, but myelin debris treatment potentiates inflammation when administered along with pro-inflammatory lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-γ. AdipoRon significantly attenuated myelin lipid-induced potentiation of inflammation. Bioactive AdipoRon can be released in therapeutic doses from microparticles.Significance.These data suggest that AdipoRon is a promising therapeutic capable of reducing lipid accumulation via targeting both myelin lipid uptake and efflux, which potentially addresses chronic inflammation following SCI. Furthermore, we developed microparticle-based drug delivery systems for local delivery of AdipoRon to avoid deleterious side effects. This is the first study to release AdipoRon from drug delivery systems designed to reduce lipid accumulation and inflammation in reactive macrophages after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert B Shultz
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America
| | - Nan Hai
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America
| | - Yinghui Zhong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America
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27
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Hu Q, Qu W, Zhang T, Feng J, Dong X, Nie R, Chen J, Wang X, Peng C, Ke X. C1q/Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Protein-9 Is a Novel Vasculoprotective Cytokine That Restores High Glucose-Suppressed Endothelial Progenitor Cell Functions by Activating the Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e030054. [PMID: 38348774 PMCID: PMC11010095 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.030054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated whether gCTRP9 (globular C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein-9) could restore high-glucose (HG)-suppressed endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) functions by activating the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). METHODS AND RESULTS EPCs were treated with HG (25 mmol/L) and gCTRP9. Migration, adhesion, and tube formation assays were performed. Adiponectin receptor 1, adiponectin receptor 2, and N-cadherin expression and AMP-activated protein kinase, protein kinase B, and eNOS phosphorylation were measured by Western blotting. eNOS activity was determined using nitrite production measurement. In vivo reendothelialization and EPC homing assays were performed using Evans blue and immunofluorescence in mice. Treatment with gCTRP9 at physiological levels enhanced migration, adhesion, and tube formation of EPCs. gCTRP9 upregulated the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase, protein kinase B, and eNOS and increased nitrite production in a concentration-dependent manner. Exposure of EPCs to HG-attenuated EPC functions induced cellular senescence and decreased eNOS activity and nitric oxide synthesis; the effects of HG were reversed by gCTRP9. Protein kinase B knockdown inhibited eNOS phosphorylation but did not affect gCTRP9-induced AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylation. HG impaired N-cadherin expression, but treatment with gCTRP9 restored N-cadherin expression after HG stimulation. gCTRP9 restored HG-impaired EPC functions through both adiponectin receptor 1 and N-cadherin-mediated AMP-activated protein kinase /protein kinase B/eNOS signaling. Nude mice that received EPCs treated with gCTRP9 under HG medium showed a significant enhancement of the reendothelialization capacity compared with those with EPCs incubated under HG conditions. CONCLUSIONS CTRP9 promotes EPC migration, adhesion, and tube formation and restores these functions under HG conditions through eNOS-mediated signaling mechanisms. Therefore, CTRP9 modulation could eventually be used for vascular healing after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingsong Hu
- Department of CardiologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Wan Qu
- Health Management CenterFirst Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of CardiologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jianyi Feng
- Department of CardiologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaobian Dong
- Department of CardiologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ruqiong Nie
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and ElectrophysiologySun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Junyu Chen
- Department of CardiologyFuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (Shenzhen Sun Yat‐Sen Cardiovascular Hospital)ShenzhenChina
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- Department of CardiologyFuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (Shenzhen Sun Yat‐Sen Cardiovascular Hospital)ShenzhenChina
| | - Changnong Peng
- Department of CardiologyFuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (Shenzhen Sun Yat‐Sen Cardiovascular Hospital)ShenzhenChina
| | - Xiao Ke
- Department of CardiologyFuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (Shenzhen Sun Yat‐Sen Cardiovascular Hospital)ShenzhenChina
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Sato S. Adipo-oncology: adipocyte-derived factors govern engraftment, survival, and progression of metastatic cancers. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:52. [PMID: 38238841 PMCID: PMC10797898 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01474-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Conventional therapies for metastatic cancers have limited efficacy. Recently, cancer therapies targeting noncancerous cells in tumor microenvironments have shown improved clinical outcomes in patients. However, further advances in our understanding of the metastatic tumor microenvironment are required to improve treatment outcomes. Adipocytes are distributed throughout the body, and as a part of the metastatic tumor microenvironment, they interact with cancer cells in almost all organs. Adipocytes secrete various factors that are reported to exert clinical effects on cancer progression, including engraftment, survival, and expansion at the metastatic sites. However, only a few studies have comprehensively examined their impact on cancer cells. In this review, we examined the impact of adipocytes on cancer by describing the adipocyte-secreted factors that are involved in controlling metastatic cancer, focusing on adipokines, such as adiponectin, leptin, visfatin, chemerin, resistin, apelin, and omentin. Adipocyte-secreted factors promote cancer metastasis and contribute to various biological functions of cancer cells, including migration, invasion, proliferation, immune evasion, and drug resistance at the metastatic sites. We propose the establishment and expansion of "adipo-oncology" as a research field to enhance the comprehensive understanding of the role of adipocytes in metastatic cancers and the development of more robust metastatic cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Sato
- Morphological Analysis Laboratory, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, 2-3-2, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan.
- Molecular Pathology and Genetics Division, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, 2-3-2, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan.
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Cancer Center Hospital, 2-3-2, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan.
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Abdalla MMI. Therapeutic potential of adiponectin in prediabetes: strategies, challenges, and future directions. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab 2024; 15:20420188231222371. [PMID: 38250316 PMCID: PMC10798122 DOI: 10.1177/20420188231222371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin, an adipose-derived hormone, plays a pivotal role in glucose regulation and lipid metabolism, with a decrease in circulating adiponectin levels being linked to insulin resistance and prediabetes. This review examines the therapeutic potential of adiponectin in managing prediabetes, elucidating on multiple aspects including its role in glucose and lipid metabolism, influence on insulin sensitivity, and anti-inflammatory properties. Moreover, the paper highlights the latest strategies to augment adiponectin levels, such as gene therapy, pharmacological interventions, dietary modifications, and lifestyle changes. It also addresses the challenges encountered in translating preclinical findings into clinical practice, primarily related to drug delivery, safety, and efficacy. Lastly, the review proposes future directions, underlining the need for large-scale human trials, novel adiponectin analogs, and personalized treatment strategies to harness adiponectin's full therapeutic potential in preventing the transition from prediabetes to diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Mohamed Ibrahim Abdalla
- Human Biology Department, School of Medicine, International Medical University, 126, Jln Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
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Roberts JA, Basu-Roy S, Shin J, Varma VR, Williamson A, Blackshear C, Griswold ME, Candia J, Elango P, Karikkineth AC, Tanaka T, Ferrucci L, Thambisetty M. Serum Proteomic Signatures of Common Health Outcomes among Older Adults. Gerontology 2024; 70:269-278. [PMID: 38219723 DOI: 10.1159/000534753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In aging populations, the coexistence of multiple health comorbidities represents a significant challenge for clinicians and researchers. Leveraging advances in omics techniques to characterize these health conditions may provide insight into disease pathogenesis as well as reveal biomarkers for monitoring, prognostication, and diagnosis. Researchers have previously established the utility of big data approaches with respect to comprehensive health outcome measurements in younger populations, identifying protein markers that may provide significant health information with a single blood sample. METHODS Here, we employed a similar approach in two cohorts of older adults, the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (mean age = 76.12 years) and InCHIANTI Study (mean age = 66.05 years), examining the relationship between levels of serum proteins and 5 key health outcomes: kidney function, fasting glucose, physical activity, lean body mass, and percent body fat. RESULTS Correlations between proteins and health outcomes were primarily shared across both older adult cohorts. We further identified that most proteins associated with health outcomes in the older adult cohorts were not associated with the same outcomes in a prior study of a younger population. A subset of proteins, adiponectin, MIC-1, and NCAM-120, were associated with at least three health outcomes in both older adult cohorts but not in the previously published younger cohort, suggesting that they may represent plausible markers of general health in older adult populations. CONCLUSION Taken together, these findings suggest that comprehensive protein health markers have utility in aging populations and are distinct from those identified in younger adults, indicating unique mechanisms of disease with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackson A Roberts
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA,
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA,
| | - Sayantani Basu-Roy
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jong Shin
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Vijay R Varma
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrew Williamson
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Chad Blackshear
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | | | - Julián Candia
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Palchamy Elango
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ajoy C Karikkineth
- Clinical Research Core, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Madhav Thambisetty
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Kim JW, Kim JH, Lee YJ. The Role of Adipokines in Tumor Progression and Its Association with Obesity. Biomedicines 2024; 12:97. [PMID: 38255203 PMCID: PMC10813163 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a well-established risk factor for various malignancies and emerging evidence suggests that adipokines play a pivotal role in linking excess adiposity to tumorigenesis. Adipokines are bioactive molecules secreted by adipose tissue and their altered expression in obesity contributes to a pro-inflammatory, pro-angiogenic, and growth-promoting microenvironment conducive to tumorigenesis. Leptin, a key adipokine, activates survival and proliferative signaling pathways whereas adiponectin exhibits tumor-suppressive effects by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Visfatin has also been documented to promote tumor growth, angiogenesis, migration, and invasion. Moreover, emerging studies suggest that adipokines, such as resistin, apelin, and chemerin, which are overexpressed in obesity, may also possess oncogenic functions. Despite advancements in our understanding of the roles of individual adipokines in cancer, the intricate interplay and crosstalk between adipokines, tumor cells, and the tumor microenvironment remain complex and multifaceted. This review highlights the evolving knowledge of how adipokines contribute to obesity-related tumorigenesis, shedding light on the potential of targeting adipokine signaling pathways as a novel therapeutic approach for obesity-associated cancers. Further research on the specific mechanisms and interactions between adipokines and tumor cells is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of obesity-associated cancer pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yoon Jae Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 07345, Republic of Korea; (J.W.K.); (J.H.K.)
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Wilms JN, Ghaffari MH, Darani PS, Jansen M, Sauerwein H, Steele MA, Martín-Tereso J, Leal LN. Postprandial metabolism and gut permeability in calves fed milk replacer with different macronutrient profiles or a whole milk powder. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:184-201. [PMID: 37641288 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Significant differences exist in the composition of current milk replacers (MR) and bovine whole milk. This study investigated how the macronutrient profile of 3 different MR formulations containing varying amounts of fat, lactose, and protein, and a whole milk powder (WP), affect postprandial metabolism and gut permeability in male Holstein calves. Sixty-four calves (45.4 ± 4.19 kg [mean ± SD] and 1.8 ± 0.62 d of age) were blocked in order of arrival to the facility and within each block, calves were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatments. Treatments included a high-fat MR (HF: 25.0% dry matter [DM] fat, 22.5% protein, 38.6% lactose; n = 14), a high-lactose MR (HL: 44.6% lactose, 22.5% protein, 18.0% fat; n = 17), a high-protein MR (HP: 26.0% protein, 18.0% fat, 41.5% lactose; n = 17), and WP (26.0% fat, 24.5% protein, 38.0% lactose; n = 16). Calves were fed 3.0 L (135 g/L) 3 times daily at 0600, 1200, and 1800 h with a teat bucket. Milk intake was recorded daily for the first 28 d after arrival, and blood sampling and body weight measurements were performed at arrival and on d 7, 14, 21, and 27. Gut permeability was estimated from fractional urinary excretion of indigestible markers (Cr-EDTA, lactulose, and d-mannitol) administered as a single dose on d 21 instead of the morning milk meal. Digestibility was determined simultaneously from a total collection of feces over 24 h. Postprandial dynamics were measured on d 28 by sequential blood sampling over 7.5 h. Dry matter intake of MR over 28 d was slightly greater in calves fed HL and HP than in WP. Recovery of Cr-EDTA and d-mannitol over a 24-h urine collection was greater in calves fed WP and HP than HL calves. Apparent total-tract digestibility of crude ash, protein, and fat did not differ among treatments; however, DM digestibility was lower in calves fed WP than in other treatment groups. In addition, abomasal emptying, as indicated by the area under the curve (AUC) for acetaminophen, was slower in calves fed WP than in calves fed HF and HL. The AUC for postprandial plasma glucose was lower in calves fed HL than WP and HF and lower in calves fed HP than WP. The AUC for postprandial serum insulin was greater in calves fed HP than WP and HF, whereas calves fed HL did not differ from the other treatments. Postprandial triglycerides were greater in calves fed WP, and postprandial adiponectin was higher in calves fed HL than other treatments. The high content of lactose and protein in MR had a major effect on postprandial metabolism. This raises the possibility of optimizing MR formulations to maintain metabolic homeostasis and influence development.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Wilms
- Trouw Nutrition R&D, 3800 AG, Amersfoort, the Netherlands; Department of Animal Biosciences, Animal Science and Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 1W2.
| | - M H Ghaffari
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | | | - M Jansen
- Trouw Nutrition R&D, 3800 AG, Amersfoort, the Netherlands; Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University, 6700 AH Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - H Sauerwein
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - M A Steele
- Department of Animal Biosciences, Animal Science and Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 1W2
| | | | - L N Leal
- Trouw Nutrition R&D, 3800 AG, Amersfoort, the Netherlands
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Khan MD, Srivastava RK, Upadhyay TK, Khan MM. A Systematic Narrative Review on ADIPOQ Gene Variants and its Association with T2DM in the Indian Population. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2024; 24:1161-1168. [PMID: 38333969 DOI: 10.2174/0118715303257835231117062928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of diabetes is rapidly increasing in India, even among young adult individuals. Rare adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ) variants may be predominantly present in Indians and decrease the circulatory levels of APN (Adiponectin). Studies reported that ADIPOQ gene variants were associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications in the Indian population. OBJECTIVES To review the association of specific ADIPOQ gene variants with T2DM and its associated complications. MATERIALS & METHODS A search of Pubmed, Chinhal, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science databases, and Google Scholar search engine was performed to retrieve articles by using the following keywords; "ADIPOQ and T2DM", "ADIPOQ and India," "ADIPOQ gene variants and T2DM", "ADIPOQ gene variants and T2DM and India", "SNPs of ADIPOQ gene and T2DM", "SNPs of ADIPOQ gene and India," SNPs of ADIPOQ gene and T2DM and India". Eligibility criteria for the inclusion of articles: Original, Case-Control Study, and Full-Text articles were published in the English language till the end of April 2023. RESULTS A total of 540 articles were retrieved. Out of this, only 18 articles were found suitable to include in this systematic narrative review. The most studied ADIPOQ gene variants were found to be +10211T/G (rs17846866), +45T/G (rs2241766), and +276G/T (rs1501299) in different Indian populations. CONCLUSION It was reviewed that ADIPOQ gene variants +10211T/G (rs17846866), +45T/G (rs2241766), and +276G/T (rs1501299) were predominantly present in the Indian population, and decreasing the circulatory levels of APN and significantly associated with T2DM and its complications.<.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Danish Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, United Institute of Medical Sciences, Rawatpur, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, 211012, India
| | - Rohit Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Paramedical Sciences, Mahayogi, Gorakhnath University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, 273007, India
| | - Tarun Kumar Upadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences and Research and Development Cell, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, 391760, India
| | - Mohammad Mustufa Khan
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Integral Institute of Allied Health Sciences & Research (IIAHSR), Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226026, India
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Miyashita Y, Hitsumoto T, Fukuda H, Kim J, Ito S, Kimoto N, Asakura K, Yata Y, Yabumoto M, Washio T, Kitakaze M. Metabolic syndrome is linked to the incidence of pancreatic cancer. EClinicalMedicine 2024; 67:102353. [PMID: 38169901 PMCID: PMC10758702 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Although previous studies have showed that metabolic syndrome is one of the contributors of pancreatic cancer, there is no clear consensus that early stages of metabolic syndrome are linked to increased incidence of pancreatic cancer. Therefore, we confirmed the linkage between metabolic syndrome and pancreatic cancer, and shown that even early stage of metabolic syndrome is linked to pancreatic cancer in the retrospective observational study. Methods We recruited approximately 4.6 million Japanese in 2005 and followed up these subjects for more than 10 years. At the time of the enrollment, after obtaining clinical data with prescribed drugs and examining the presence or absence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), we followed up on these subjects with and without MetS to examine the incidence of pancreatic cancer. The modified criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP/ATPIII) were used to define MetS. Findings During the 40.7-month average follow-up period for 2,707,296 subjects with complete data for identifying MetS and important risk factors without pancreatic cancer before the enrollment, 87,857 suffered from pancreatic cancer. Pancreatic cancers occurred in 16,154 of 331,229 subjects (4.9%) in the MetS group and 71,703 of 2,376,067 patients (3.0%) in the non-MetS group (hazard ratio (HR), 1.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.34-1.39; p < 0.0001 after the adjustment with age, smoking and sex). As the number of the constituent factors of MetS increased from one to five, the incidence of pancreatic cancer correspondingly increased (HR: 1.11, 1.23, 1.42, 1.66 and 2.03 using Cox proportional hazard models, p < 0.0001 each). When we defined MetS using the Japanese criteria, the results are in accord with the results using NCEP/ATPIII. Especially pre-metabolic syndrome (pre-MetS) in the Japanese criteria was tightly linked to the incidence of pancreatic cancers. Interpretation MetS is confirmed to be linked to pancreatic cancer. Although we cannot conclude causality. We also demonstrated the link between pre-MetS and pancreatic cancer. Funding The sponsors of the study were Japanese Heart Foundation and Japan Cardiovascular Research Foundation. This is also partially supported by Grants-in-Aid from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan; and Grants-in-Aid from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Miyashita
- Department of Legal Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Hitsumoto
- Department of Clinical Research and Development, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shimmachi, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroki Fukuda
- Department of Clinical Research and Development, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shimmachi, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jiyoong Kim
- Kim Cardiovascular Clinic, 3-6-8 Katsuyama, Tennoji-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shin Ito
- Department of Clinical Research and Development, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shimmachi, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoki Kimoto
- Non Profit Organization Think of Medicine in Science, 3-7-11 Minami-Sumiyoshi, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koko Asakura
- Department of Data Science, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shimmachi, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yata
- Hanwa Memorial Hospital, 3-5-8 Minamisumiyoshi, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masami Yabumoto
- Hanwa Memorial Hospital, 3-5-8 Minamisumiyoshi, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Washio
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 1-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masafumi Kitakaze
- Non Profit Organization Think of Medicine in Science, 3-7-11 Minami-Sumiyoshi, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Japan
- Hanwa Memorial Hospital, 3-5-8 Minamisumiyoshi, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Japan
- The Osaka Medical Research Foundation for Intractable Diseases, 2-6-29 Abikohigashi, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Japan
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Mohanraj PS, Das A, Sen A, Ranjan A, Rajendran V, Velu A, Venkatesh U. Evaluating the Diagnostic Potential of Serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Adiponectin in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy. Cureus 2024; 16:e53017. [PMID: 38410303 PMCID: PMC10895556 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) presents a formidable health challenge in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. This study in eastern Uttar Pradesh aims to assess the roles of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and adiponectin in DPN, recognizing the crucial need for understanding its molecular underpinnings for enhanced diagnosis and management. METHODS In a cross-sectional study analyzing clinical and biochemical data, 86 individuals aged 35 to 65 years were examined, including 43 with neuropathy and 43 without. Neuropathy assessment included the neuropathy symptom score (NSS), diabetes neuropathy examination (DNE) score, and nerve conduction studies. Levels of VEGF and adiponectin were correlated with motor nerve amplitude, NSS, and DNE scores. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis gauged diagnostic potential, and logistic regression assessed predictors for DPN. RESULTS Patients with neuropathy exhibited significantly elevated VEGF levels compared to those without, while adiponectin showed no significant difference. VEGF demonstrated a negative correlation with motor nerve amplitude and a positive correlation with NSS and DNE scores. ROC analysis revealed strong diagnostic capability for VEGF (area under the curve: 0.807). NSS and DNE scores indicated good and moderate diagnostic accuracy, respectively. In logistic regression analysis, VEGF emerged as the sole significant predictor (odds ratio: 1.11, 95% CI (1.03, 1.20), p = 0.0092). CONCLUSION Findings suggest VEGF's potential as a biomarker for diagnosing DPN in T2DM, associated with neuropathy severity. Adiponectin showed no significant association. The study underscores NSS and DNE scores' therapeutic relevance as valid neuropathy assessment tools.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arani Das
- Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, Gorakhpur, IND
| | - Aniruddha Sen
- Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, Gorakhpur, IND
| | - Amit Ranjan
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, Gorakhpur, IND
| | - Vinoth Rajendran
- Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, Gorakhpur, IND
| | - Anupriya Velu
- Biochemistry, Mahayogi Gorakhnath University Gorakhpur, Gorakhpur, IND
| | - U Venkatesh
- Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, Gorakhpur, IND
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Bashir KMI, Kim JW, Park HR, Lee JK, Choi BR, Choi JS, Ku SK. Validating the Health Benefits of Coffee Berry Pulp Extracts in Mice with High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity and Diabetes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 13:10. [PMID: 38275632 PMCID: PMC10812732 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The effects of coffee (Coffea arabica L.) berry pulp extracts (CBP extracts) on the improvement of diabetes, obesity, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were evaluated using various in vitro antioxidant activity assays and through a high-fat diet-induced mild diabetic obese mouse model. After an 84-day oral administration of CBP extracts (400-100 mg/kg), bioactivities were evaluated. The in vitro analysis showed the highest DPPH● scavenging activity of 73.10 ± 4.27%, ABTS● scavenging activity of 41.18 ± 1.14%, and SOD activity of 56.24 ± 2.81%, at a CBP extract concentration of 1000 µg/mL. The in vivo analysis of the CBP extracts showed favorable and dose-dependent anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, NAFLD, nephropathy, and hyperlipidemia refinement effects through hepatic glucose enzyme activity, 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) up-regulation, antioxidant activity, lipid metabolism-related gene expression, and pancreatic lipid digestion enzyme modulatory activities. This study shows that an appropriate oral dosage of CBP extracts could function as a potent herbal formulation for a refinement agent or medicinal food ingredient to control type 2 diabetes and related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khawaja Muhammad Imran Bashir
- Department of Seafood Science and Technology, The Institute of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong 53064, Republic of Korea;
- German Engineering Research and Development Center for Life Science Technologies in Medicine and Environment, Busan 46742, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Wan Kim
- Department of Companion Animal Health, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Rim Park
- Nutracore Co., Ltd., Suwon 16514, Republic of Korea
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Kyoung Lee
- CNS Pharm Korea Co., Ltd., Seoul 04043, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Regulatory Science, College of Science and Technology, Korea University Sejong Campus, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jae-Suk Choi
- Department of Seafood Science and Technology, The Institute of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong 53064, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sae-Kwang Ku
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea
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Boachie J, Zammit V, Saravanan P, Adaikalakoteswari A. Metformin Inefficiency to Lower Lipids in Vitamin B12 Deficient HepG2 Cells Is Alleviated via Adiponectin-AMPK Axis. Nutrients 2023; 15:5046. [PMID: 38140305 PMCID: PMC10745523 DOI: 10.3390/nu15245046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Prolonged metformin treatment decreases vitamin B12 (B12) levels, whereas low B12 is associated with dyslipidaemia. Some studies have reported that metformin has no effect on intrahepatic triglyceride (TG) levels. Although AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation via adiponectin lowers hepatic TG content, its role in B12 deficiency and metformin has not been explored. We investigated whether low B12 impairs the beneficial effect of metformin on hepatic lipid metabolism via the AMPK-adiponectin axis. Methods: HepG2 was cultured using custom-made B12-deficient Eagle's Minimal Essential Medium (EMEM) in different B12-medium concentrations, followed by a 24-h metformin/adiponectin treatment. Gene and protein expressions and total intracellular TG were measured, and radiochemical analysis of TG synthesis and seahorse mitochondria stress assay were undertaken. Results: With low B12, total intracellular TG and synthesized radiolabelled TG were increased. Regulators of lipogenesis, cholesterol and genes regulating fatty acids (FAs; TG; and cholesterol biosynthesis were increased. FA oxidation (FAO) and mitochondrial function were decreased, with decreased pAMPKα and pACC levels. Following metformin treatment in hepatocytes with low B12, the gene and protein expression of the above targets were not alleviated. However, in the presence of adiponectin, intrahepatic lipid levels with low B12 decreased via upregulated pAMPKα and pACC levels. Again, combined adiponectin and metformin treatment ameliorated the low B12 effect and resulted in increased pAMPKα and pACC, with a subsequent reduction in lipogenesis, increased FAO and mitochondrion function. Conclusions: Adiponectin co-administration with metformin induced a higher intrahepatic lipid-lowering effect. Overall, we emphasize the potential therapeutic implications for hepatic AMPK activation via adiponectin for a clinical condition associated with B12 deficiency and metformin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Boachie
- Division of Metabolic and Vascular Health, Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, University Hospital-Walsgrave Campus, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK; (J.B.); (V.Z.); (P.S.)
| | - Victor Zammit
- Division of Metabolic and Vascular Health, Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, University Hospital-Walsgrave Campus, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK; (J.B.); (V.Z.); (P.S.)
| | - Ponnusamy Saravanan
- Division of Metabolic and Vascular Health, Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, University Hospital-Walsgrave Campus, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK; (J.B.); (V.Z.); (P.S.)
- Diabetes Centre, George Eliot Hospital NHS Trust, College Street, Nuneaton CV10 7DJ, UK
- Populations, Evidence and Technologies, Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7HL, UK
| | - Antonysunil Adaikalakoteswari
- Division of Metabolic and Vascular Health, Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, University Hospital-Walsgrave Campus, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK; (J.B.); (V.Z.); (P.S.)
- Department of Bioscience, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK
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Choubey M, Tirumalasetty MB, Bora NS, Bora PS. Linking Adiponectin and Its Receptors to Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD). Biomedicines 2023; 11:3044. [PMID: 38002042 PMCID: PMC10668948 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11113044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a captivating focus of interest in elucidating the intricate crosstalk between adiponectin (APN), a versatile fat-associated adipokine and ocular pathologies. Unveiling the intricate relationship between adipocytokine APN and its receptors (AdipoRs) with aging eye disorders has emerged as a fascinating frontier in medical research. This review article delves into this connection, illuminating the hidden influence of APN on retinal health. This comprehensive review critically examines the latest findings and breakthroughs that underscore the pivotal roles of APN/AdipoRs signaling in maintaining ocular homeostasis and protecting against eye ailments. Here, we meticulously explore the intriguing mechanisms by which APN protein influences retinal function and overall visual acuity. Drawing from an extensive array of cutting-edge studies, the article highlights APN's multifaceted functions, ranging from anti-inflammatory properties and oxidative stress reduction to angiogenic regulation within retinal and macula tissues. The involvement of APN/AdipoRs in mediating these effects opens up novel avenues for potential therapeutic interventions targeting prevalent aging eye conditions. Moreover, this review unravels the interplay between APN signaling pathways and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The single-cell RNA-seq results validate the expression of both the receptor isoforms (AdipoR1/R2) in retinal cells. The transcriptomic analysis showed lower expression of AdipoR1/2 in dry AMD pathogenesis compared to healthy subjects. The inhibitory adiponectin peptide (APN1) demonstrated over 75% suppression of CNV, whereas the control peptide did not exert any inhibitory effect on choroidal neovascularization (CNV). The elucidation of these relationships fosters a deeper understanding of adipose tissue's profound influence on ocular health, presenting new prospects for personalized treatments and preventative measures. Because APN1 inhibits CNV and leakage, it can be used to treat human AMD, although the possibility to treat human AMD is in the early stage and more clinical research is needed. In conclusion, this review provides a captivating journey into the enthralling world of APN, intertwining the realms of adipose biology and ophthalmology in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Choubey
- Department of Foundations of Medicine, NYU Grossman Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY 11501, USA; (M.C.); (M.B.T.)
| | - Munichandra B. Tirumalasetty
- Department of Foundations of Medicine, NYU Grossman Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY 11501, USA; (M.C.); (M.B.T.)
| | - Nalini S. Bora
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jones Eye Institute, Pat & Willard Walker Eye Research Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA;
| | - Puran S. Bora
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jones Eye Institute, Pat & Willard Walker Eye Research Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA;
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Dey DK, Krause D, Rai R, Choudhary S, Dockery LE, Chandra V. The role and participation of immune cells in the endometrial tumor microenvironment. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 251:108526. [PMID: 37690483 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is surrounded by blood vessels and consists of malignant, non-malignant, and immune cells, as well as signalling molecules, which primarily affect the therapeutic response and curative effects of drugs in clinical studies. Tumor-infiltrating immune cells participate in tumor progression, impact anticancer therapy, and eventually lead to the development of immune tolerance. Immunotherapy is evolving as a promising therapeutic intervention to stimulate and activate the immune system to suppress cancer cell growth. Endometrial cancer (EC) is an immunogenic disease, and in recent years, immunotherapy has shown benefit in the treatment of recurrent and advanced EC. This review discusses the key molecular pathways associated with the intra-tumoral immune response and the involvement of circulatory signalling molecules. Specific immunologic signatures in EC which offer targets for immunomodulating agents, are also discussed. We have summarized the available literature in support of using immunotherapy in EC. Lastly, we have also discussed ongoing clinical trials that may offer additional promising immunotherapy options in the future. The manuscript also explored innovative approaches for screening and identifying effective drugs, and to reduce the financial burdens for the development of personalized treatment strategies. Collectively, we aim to provide a comprehensive review of the role of immune cells and the tumor microenvironment in the development, progression, and treatment of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasish Kumar Dey
- Gynecologic Oncology Section, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Danielle Krause
- Gynecologic Oncology Section, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Rajani Rai
- Gynecologic Oncology Section, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Swati Choudhary
- Gynecologic Oncology Section, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Lauren E Dockery
- Gynecologic Oncology Section, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Vishal Chandra
- Gynecologic Oncology Section, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
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40
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Mercantepe F, Baydur Sahin S, Cumhur Cure M, Karadag Z. Relationship Between Serum Endocan Levels and Other Predictors of Endothelial Dysfunction in Obese Women. Angiology 2023; 74:948-957. [PMID: 36369649 DOI: 10.1177/00033197221129358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Endocan, or endothelial cell-specific molecule-1 (ESM-1), is a potential inflammatory marker implicated in endothelial dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between serum endocan levels and the presence and severity of endothelial dysfunction, and the relationships with serum intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), adiponectin (a marker of inflammation), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels, and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in obese subjects. Serum endocan, ICAM-1, adiponectin, hsCRP levels, and cIMT were evaluated in 76 obese women (BMI > 30 kg/m2) and 53 controls (BMI < 25 kg/m2). ICAM-1 (P = .01), hs-CRP (p < 0.001), and cIMT (p < .001) were significantly higher, while adiponectin (P = .006) was significantly lower, in obese women compared with the controls. Serum endocan levels were similar between the obese (470.5 ± 171.3 pg/mL) and controls (471.9 ± 146.3 pg/mL) (P = .732). There was no correlation between serum endocan values and the endothelial dysfunction markers, hsCRP (r = -.021), ICAM-1 (r = -.054), adiponectin (r = .113), or cIMT (r = -.060) in obesity. Endocan is not a suitable marker of endothelial dysfunction in the context of obesity. More research is required to evaluate the role of endocan in the regulation of inflammatory processes in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filiz Mercantepe
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Serap Baydur Sahin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Disease, Medistate Kavacik Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Zakir Karadag
- Department of Cardiology, Systems Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
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Wu X, Tao Y, Ren Y, Zhang Z, Zhao Y, Tian Y, Li Y, Hou M, Guo Y, Gong Y, Zhang Y, Li D, Li H, Jiang R, Li G, Liu X, Kang X, Tian Y. Adiponectin inhibits GnRH secretion via activating AMPK and PI3K signaling pathways in chicken hypothalamic neuron cells. Poult Sci 2023; 102:103028. [PMID: 37660449 PMCID: PMC10491727 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that adiponectin (AdipoQ), an adipokine secreted by white adipose tissue, plays an important role in the control of animal reproduction in addition to its function in energy homeostasis by binding to its receptors AdipoR1/2. However, the molecular mechanisms of AdipoQ in the regulation of animal reproduction remain elusive. In this study, we investigated the effects of AdipoQ on hypothalamic reproductive hormone (GnRH) secretion and reproduction-related receptor gene (estrogen receptor [ER] and progesterone receptor [PR]) expression in hypothalamic neuronal cells (HNCs) of chickens by using real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blot (WB) and cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assays and found that overexpression of AdipoQ could increase the expression levels of AdipoR1/2 and reproduction-related receptor genes (P < 0.05) while decreasing the expression level of GnRH. In contrast, interference with AdipoQ mRNA showed the opposite results in HNCs. Furthermore, we demonstrated that AdipoQ exerts its functions through the AMPK and PI3K signaling pathways. Finally, our in vitro experiments found that AdipoRon (a synthetic substitute for AdipoQ) treatment and AdipoR1/2 RNAi interference co-treatment resulted in no effect on GnRH secretion, suggesting that the inhibition of GnRH secretion by AdipoQ is mediated by the AdipoR1/2 signaling axis. In summary, we uncovered, for the first time, the molecular mechanism of AdipoQ in the regulation of reproductive hormone secretion in hypothalamic neurons in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yiqing Tao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yangguang Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Zihao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yudian Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yixiang Tian
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Yijie Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Meng Hou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yulong Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yujie Gong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yanhua Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Donghua Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Hong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Ruirui Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Guoxi Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiangtao Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yadong Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
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Zheng Y, Ye C, He M, Ko WKW, Chan YW, Wong AOL. Goldfish adiponectin: (I) molecular cloning, tissue distribution, recombinant protein expression, and novel function as a satiety factor in fish model. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1283298. [PMID: 38027109 PMCID: PMC10643153 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1283298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin (AdipoQ) is an adipokine involved in glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism. In mammals, its role in appetite control is highly controversial. To shed light on the comparative aspects of AdipoQ in lower vertebrates, goldfish was used as a model to study feeding regulation by AdipoQ in fish species. As a first step, goldfish AdipoQ was cloned and found to be ubiquitously expressed at the tissue level. Using sequence alignment, protein modeling, phylogenetic analysis and comparative synteny, goldfish AdipoQ was shown to be evolutionarily related to its fish counterparts and structurally comparable with AdipoQ in higher vertebrates. In our study, recombinant goldfish AdipoQ was expressed in E. coli, purified by IMAC, and confirmed to be bioactive via activation of AdipoQ receptors expressed in HepG2 cells. Feeding in goldfish revealed that plasma levels of AdipoQ and its transcript expression in the liver and brain areas involved in appetite control including the telencephalon, optic tectum, and hypothalamus could be elevated by food intake. In parallel studies, IP and ICV injection of recombinant goldfish AdipoQ in goldfish was effective in reducing foraging behaviors and food consumption. Meanwhile, transcript expression of orexigenic factors (NPY, AgRP, orexin, and apelin) was suppressed with parallel rises in anorexigenic factors (POMC, CART, CCK, and MCH) in the telencephalon, optic tectum and/or hypothalamus. In these brain areas, transcript signals for leptin receptor were upregulated with concurrent drops in the NPY receptor and ghrelin receptors. In the experiment with IP injection of AdipoQ, transcript expression of leptin was also elevated with a parallel drop in ghrelin mRNA in the liver. These findings suggest that AdipoQ can act as a novel satiety factor in goldfish. In this case, AdipoQ signals (both central and peripheral) can be induced by feeding and act within the brain to inhibit feeding behaviors and food intake via differential regulation of orexigenic/anorexigenic factors and their receptors. The feeding inhibition observed may also involve the hepatic action of AdipoQ by modulation of feeding regulators expressed in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Anderson O. L. Wong
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Prasad GS, Saikia UK, Bhuyan AK, Baro A. A Study of Serum Adiponectin Levels in Patients with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and its Correlation with Various Cardiometabolic Risk Markers. J Hum Reprod Sci 2023; 16:299-306. [PMID: 38322643 PMCID: PMC10841929 DOI: 10.4103/jhrs.jhrs_95_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common metabolic disorder in the reproductive age group, the pathogenesis of which is constantly evolving with the discovery of novel molecules and the lookout for potential therapeutic targets. Aims The aim of the present study was to estimate the circulating levels of serum adiponectin in patients with PCOS compared to controls and to find its correlation with markers of cardiovascular risk, with special emphasis on circulating levels of oxidised low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL). Settings and Design In this cross-sectional observational study recently diagnosed, PCOS subjects were compared with age- and body mass index (BMI)-matched controls. Materials and Methods All the included subjects underwent detailed clinical, biochemical and hormonal evaluation, including lipid profile, 75 g oral glucose tolerance test, fasting serum insulin, fasting serum adiponectin, oxLDL, total testosterone and anti-Mullerian hormone. Statistical Analysis Used Appropriate statistical methods were performed using SPSS (version 21) and Microsoft Excel (2019). Results A total of 56 PCOS cases and 32 controls were included in the study. Mean values of serum adiponectin (μg/mL) in our study were found to be significantly lower in PCOS cases (11.53 ± 4.74) versus controls (14.73 ± 5.61) irrespective of BMI. Mean values of serum oxLDL (μg/dL) were found to be higher in PCOS cases (157.96 ± 53.89) versus controls (117.52 ± 45.44), with a significant negative correlation between adiponectin and oxLDL in cases. No difference in levels of adiponectin was found between the different PCOS phenotypes. Conclusion Hypoadiponectinaemia was found to be associated with PCOS irrespective of obesity in PCOS subjects. Serum oxLDL can complement adiponectin as early predictor of CV risk in PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Surendra Prasad
- Department of Endocrinology, Medicover Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Department of Endocrinology, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Uma Kaimal Saikia
- Department of Endocrinology, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Ashok Krishna Bhuyan
- Department of Endocrinology, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Abhamoni Baro
- Department of Endocrinology, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam, India
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Ke W, Flay KJ, Huang X, Hu X, Chen F, Li C, Yang DA. Polysaccharides from Platycodon grandiflorus attenuates high-fat diet induced obesity in mice through targeting gut microbiota. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115318. [PMID: 37572640 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The root of Platycodon grandiflorus (PG), abundant in soluble polysaccharides, has a long history in traditional Asian diets and herbal medicine due to its anti-inflammatory activity and anti-obesity effects. Our previous study was the first to establish a link between the beneficial effects of PG and changes in the gut microbiota, and suggested potential roles that the polysaccharide components play. However, more evidence was needed to understand the anti-obesity functions of polysaccharides from PG (PS) and their relationship with the regulation of the gut microbiota. In this study, we first performed an experiment to explore the anti-obesity activities of PS: Male C57BL/6 mice (six-weeks-old) were fed either a standard control diet (CON), or a high-fat diet (HFD) to induce obesity, or a HFD supplemented with PS (HFPS) for 8 weeks. Body weight and food intake were monitored throughout. Lipid metabolism were determined and related gene expression changes in adipose tissues were analyzed by RNA-seq. Amplicon sequencing of the bacterial 16 S rRNA gene was used to explore gut microbiota structure in fecal samples. Then, we performed the second experiment to explore whether the anti-obesity activities of PS were dependent on the regulation of the gut microbiota: Male C57BL/6 mice (six-weeks-old), treated with an antibiotic cocktail to reduce the gut microbial load, were fed either a HFD (A-HFD) or a HFPS (A-HFPS) diet for 8 weeks. Finally, we used in vitro fermentation experiments to verify the effects of PS on the growth and metabolic activities of the gut microbes. We found that PS significantly reduced HFD-induced weight gain and excessive fat accumulation, changed the expression of key genes involved in lipid metabolism, and attenuated HFD-induced changes in the gut microbiota. However, PS did not affect fat accumulation or lipid metabolism in the gut microbiota depleted mice. Overall, our results show that PS has significant effects on the gut microbiota in the mouse model, and the anti-obesity effects of PS are mediated via changes in the gut microbiota composition and metabolic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixin Ke
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing 210095, China; National Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and New Resource, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Kate Jade Flay
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Xiaoning Huang
- Department of bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana, Champaign 61801, USA
| | - Xiaosong Hu
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fang Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chunbao Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing 210095, China; National Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and New Resource, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dan Aaron Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Smith ENL, Chandanathil M, Millis RM. Epigenetic Mechanisms in Obesity: Broadening Our Understanding of the Disease. Cureus 2023; 15:e47875. [PMID: 37899888 PMCID: PMC10612994 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.47875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Now recognized as more than just the result of overeating or the consumption of poor-quality foods, obesity is understood to be a multifactorial disease, strongly correlated with a variety of environment-gene interactions. In addressing the complex public health issue of obesity, medical practitioners, along with their allied healthcare counterparts, face the challenge of reducing its prevalence by utilizing and sharing with patients the current, yet incomplete, scientific knowledge concerning the disease. While continued research is required to strengthen direct cause-effect relationships, substantial evidence links post-translational modifications such as DNA methylation and histone modifications of several candidate "obesity" genes to the predilection for obesity. Additional evidence supports the influence of maternal diet during the gestational period, individual diet, and other lifestyle and genetic factors in obesity. The purpose of this review is to synthesize the current information concerning epigenetic modifications that appear to support, or result from, the development of obesity. Such mechanisms may serve as therapeutic targets for developing novel prevention and/or treatment strategies for obesity or as epigenetic biomarkers for monitoring recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin N L Smith
- Graduate Studies, American University of Antigua, St. Johns, ATG
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Yang M, Wang JH, Shin JH, Lee D, Lee SN, Seo JG, Shin JH, Nam YD, Kim H, Sun X. Pharmaceutical efficacy of novel human-origin Faecalibacterium prausnitzii strains on high-fat-diet-induced obesity and associated metabolic disorders in mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1220044. [PMID: 37711887 PMCID: PMC10497875 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1220044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Obesity and related metabolic issues are a growing global health concern. Recently, the discovery of new probiotics with anti-obesity properties has gained interest. Methods In this study, four Faecalibacte-rium prausnitzii strains were isolated from healthy human feces and evaluated on a high-fat diet-induced mouse model for 12 weeks. Results The F. prausnitzii strains reduced body weight gain, liver and fat weights, and calorie intake while improving lipid and glucose metabolism in the liver and adipose tissue, as evidenced by regulating lipid metabolism-associated gene expression, including ACC1, FAS, SREBP1c, leptin, and adiponectin. Moreover, the F. prausnitzii strains inhibited low-grade inflammation, restored gut integrity, and ameliorated hepatic function and insulin resistance. Interestingly, the F. prausnitzii strains modulated gut and neural hormone secretion and reduced appetite by affecting the gut-brain axis. Supplementation with F. prausnitzii strains noticeably changed the gut microbiota composition. Discussion In summary, the novel isolated F. prausnitzii strains have therapeutic effects on obesity and associated metabolic disorders through modulation of the gut-brain axis. Additionally, the effectiveness of different strains might not be achieved through identical mechanisms. Therefore, the present findings provide a reliable clue for developing novel therapeutic probiotics against obesity and associated metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jing-Hua Wang
- Institute of Bioscience & Integrative Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Hyun Shin
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Dokyung Lee
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Nam Lee
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Gu Seo
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hee Shin
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojun Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaomin Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Garella R, Bernacchioni C, Chellini F, Tani A, Palmieri F, Parigi M, Guasti D, Cassioli E, Castellini G, Ricca V, Bani D, Sassoli C, Donati C, Squecco R. Adiponectin Modulates Smooth Muscle Cell Morpho-Functional Properties in Murine Gastric Fundus via Sphingosine Kinase 2 Activation. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1812. [PMID: 37763216 PMCID: PMC10532860 DOI: 10.3390/life13091812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipokines are peptide hormones produced by the adipose tissue involved in several biological functions. Among adipokines, adiponectin (ADPN) has antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory properties. It can also modulate food intake at central and peripheral levels, acting on hypothalamus and facilitating gastric relaxation. ADPN exerts its action interacting with two distinct membrane receptors and triggering some well-defined signaling cascades. The ceramidase activity of ADPN receptor has been reported in many tissues: it converts ceramide into sphingosine. In turn, sphingosine kinase (SK) phosphorylates it into sphingosine-1 phosphate (S1P), a crucial mediator of many cellular processes including contractility. Using a multidisciplinary approach that combined biochemical, electrophysiological and morphological investigations, we explored for the first time the possible role of S1P metabolism in mediating ADPN effects on the murine gastric fundus muscle layer. By using a specific pharmacological inhibitor of SK2, we showed that ADPN affects smooth muscle cell membrane properties and contractile machinery via SK2 activation in gastric fundus, adding a piece of knowledge to the action mechanisms of this hormone. These findings help to identify ADPN and its receptors as new therapeutic targets or as possible prognostic markers for diseases with altered energy balance and for pathologies with fat mass content alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachele Garella
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Physiological Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (F.P.); (R.S.)
| | - Caterina Bernacchioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy;
| | - Flaminia Chellini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, Imaging Platform, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (F.C.); (A.T.); (M.P.); (D.G.); (D.B.); (C.S.)
| | - Alessia Tani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, Imaging Platform, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (F.C.); (A.T.); (M.P.); (D.G.); (D.B.); (C.S.)
| | - Francesco Palmieri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Physiological Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (F.P.); (R.S.)
| | - Martina Parigi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, Imaging Platform, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (F.C.); (A.T.); (M.P.); (D.G.); (D.B.); (C.S.)
| | - Daniele Guasti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, Imaging Platform, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (F.C.); (A.T.); (M.P.); (D.G.); (D.B.); (C.S.)
| | - Emanuele Cassioli
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (E.C.); (G.C.); (V.R.)
| | - Giovanni Castellini
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (E.C.); (G.C.); (V.R.)
| | - Valdo Ricca
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (E.C.); (G.C.); (V.R.)
| | - Daniele Bani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, Imaging Platform, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (F.C.); (A.T.); (M.P.); (D.G.); (D.B.); (C.S.)
| | - Chiara Sassoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, Imaging Platform, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (F.C.); (A.T.); (M.P.); (D.G.); (D.B.); (C.S.)
| | - Chiara Donati
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy;
| | - Roberta Squecco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Physiological Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (F.P.); (R.S.)
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Afrin S, Kirschen GW, Borahay MA. Obesity Contributes to Transformation of Myometrial Stem-Cell Niche to Leiomyoma via Inducing Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage, Proliferation, and Extracellular Matrix Deposition. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1625. [PMID: 37628676 PMCID: PMC10454202 DOI: 10.3390/genes14081625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Leiomyomas (fibroids) are monoclonal tumors in which myometrial stem cells (MSCs) turn tumorigenic after mutation, abnormal methylation, or aberrant signaling. Several factors contribute to metabolic dysfunction in obesity, including abnormal cellular proliferation, oxidative stress, and DNA damage. The present study aims to determine how adipocytes and adipocyte-secreted factors affect changes in MSCs in a manner that promotes the growth of uterine leiomyomas. Myometrial stem cells were isolated from the uteri of patients by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) using CD44/Stro1 antibodies. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blot, and immunocytochemistry assays were performed on human adipocytes (SW872) co-cultured with MSCs and treated with leptin or adiponectin to examine the effects of proliferation, extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, oxidative damage, and DNA damage. Co-culture with SW872 increased MSC proliferation compared to MSC culture alone, according to 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) results. The expressions of PCNA and COL1A increased significantly with SW872 co-culture. In addition, the expression of these markers was increased after leptin treatment and decreased after adiponectin treatment in MSCs. The Wnt/β-catenin and TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathways promote proliferation and ECM deposition in uterine leiomyomas. The expression of Wnt4, β-catenin, TGFβ3, and pSMAD2/3 of MSCs was increased when co-cultured with adipocytes. We found that the co-culture of MSCs with adipocytes resulted in increased NOX4 expression, reactive oxygen species production, and γ-H2AX expression. Leptin acts by binding to its receptor (LEP-R), leading to signal transduction, resulting in the transcription of genes involved in cellular proliferation, angiogenesis, and glycolysis. In MSCs, co-culture with adipocytes increased the expression of LEP-R, pSTAT3/STAT3, and pERK1/2/ERK/12. Based on the above results, we suggest that obesity may mediate MSC initiation of tumorigenesis, resulting in leiomyomas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mostafa A. Borahay
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (S.A.); (G.W.K.)
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Wang W, Gu X, Cao Z, Wang X, Lei Y, Xu X, Wang S, Wu T, Bao Z. A potential correlation between adipokines, skeletal muscle function and bone mineral density in middle-aged and elderly individuals. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:111. [PMID: 37525169 PMCID: PMC10388529 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01879-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence exists of a strong association between inflammation and a decrease in skeletal muscle function and bone mineral density (BMD); however, the specific mechanisms of these associations remain unclear. Adipokines, as key regulators of the inflammatory response, may be implicated in these processes. The objective of this study was to explore the potential correlation between adipokines, skeletal muscle function and BMD in middle-aged and elderly individuals. METHODS A comparative cross-sectional study was carried out at the Huadong Hospital Affiliated with Fudan University (Shanghai, China). A total of 460 middle-aged and elderly individuals were recruited, and 125 were enrolled in the analysis. Their biochemical indices, body composition, skeletal muscle function and BMD were measured. Bioinformatic analysis was also employed to identify potential adipokine targets linked to skeletal muscle function and BMD. To validate these targets, plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were harvested from these individuals and subjected to western blotting (WB) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Individuals in this cross-sectional study were categorized into 2 groups according to their median skeletal muscle mass (SMM) (28.8 kg for males and 20.6 kg for females). Individuals with lower SMM exhibited poorer grip strength (P = 0.017), longer 5-Times-Sit-to-Stand Test (FTSST) duration (P = 0.029), lower total hip BMD (P = 0.043), lower femoral neck BMD (P = 0.011) and higher levels of inflammatory markers in comparison with individuals with higher SMM. Bioinformatics analysis identified LEP, ADIPOQ, RBP4, and DPP4 as potential adipokine targets associated with skeletal muscle function and BMD. In vitro experiments demonstrated that individuals with decreased skeletal muscle function and BMD expressed higher levels of these adipokines. CONCLUSIONS Skeletal muscle function is positively correlated with BMD and negatively correlated with levels of inflammatory markers among middle-aged and elderly individuals. Those with lower skeletal muscle function and BMD tend to have a higher expression of LEP, ADIPOQ, RBP4 and DPP4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, No 221 West Yan-An Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Xuchao Gu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, No 221 West Yan-An Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Ziyi Cao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Department of Gerontology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, No 221 West Yan-An Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yiming Lei
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, No 221 West Yan-An Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Xiaoli Xu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, No 221 West Yan-An Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Shiwen Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, No 221 West Yan-An Road, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, No 221 West Yan-An Road, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| | - Zhijun Bao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
- Department of Gerontology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, No 221 West Yan-An Road, Shanghai, 200040, China.
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Kuriyama T, Murata Y, Ohtani R, Yahara R, Nakashima S, Mori M, Ohe K, Mine K, Enjoji M. Modified activity-based anorexia paradigm dampens chronic food restriction-induced hyperadiponectinemia in adolescent female mice. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289020. [PMID: 37478069 PMCID: PMC10361472 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a chronic, life-threatening disease with mental and physical components that include excessive weight loss, persistent food restriction, and altered body image. It is sometimes accompanied by hyperactivity, day-night reversal, and amenorrhea. No medications have been approved specific to the treatment of AN, partially due to its unclear etiopathogenesis. Because adiponectin is an appetite-regulating cytokine released by adipose tissue, we hypothesized that it could be useful as a specific biomarker that reflects the disease state of AN, so we developed a modified AN mouse model to test this hypothesis. Twenty-eight 3-week-old female C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to the following groups: 1) no intervention; 2) running wheel access; 3) food restriction (FR); and 4) activity-based anorexia (ABA) that included running wheel access plus FR. After a 10-day cage adaptation period, the mice of the FR and ABA groups were given 40% of their baseline food intake until 30% weight reduction (acute FR), then the body weight was maintained for 2.5 weeks (chronic FR). Running wheel activity and the incidence of the estrous cycle were assessed. Spontaneous food restriction and the plasma adiponectin level were evaluated at the end of the acute and chronic FR phases. An increase in running wheel activity was found in the light phase, and amenorrhea was found solely in the ABA group, which indicates that this is a good model of AN. This group showed a slight decrease in spontaneous food intake accompanied with an attenuated level of normally induced plasma adiponectin at the end of the chronic FR phase. These results indicate that the plasma adiponectin level may be a useful candidate biomarker for the status or stage of AN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Kuriyama
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Murata
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Reika Ohtani
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Rei Yahara
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Soichiro Nakashima
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Mori
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenji Ohe
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazunori Mine
- Faculty of Neurology and Psychiatry, BOOCS Clinic Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Munechika Enjoji
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
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