1
|
Huo W, He M, Zeng Z, Bao X, Lu Y, Tian W, Feng J, Feng R. Impact Analysis of COVID-19 Pandemic on Hospital Reviews on Dianping Website in Shanghai, China: Empirical Study. J Med Internet Res 2024; 26:e52992. [PMID: 38954461 PMCID: PMC11252617 DOI: 10.2196/52992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the era of the internet, individuals have increasingly accustomed themselves to gathering necessary information and expressing their opinions on public web-based platforms. The health care sector is no exception, as these comments, to a certain extent, influence people's health care decisions. During the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, how the medical experience of Chinese patients and their evaluations of hospitals have changed remains to be studied. Therefore, we plan to collect patient medical visit data from the internet to reflect the current status of medical relationships under specific circumstances. OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the differences in patient comments across various stages (during, before, and after) of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as among different types of hospitals (children's hospitals, maternity hospitals, and tumor hospitals). Additionally, by leveraging ChatGPT (OpenAI), the study categorizes the elements of negative hospital evaluations. An analysis is conducted on the acquired data, and potential solutions that could improve patient satisfaction are proposed. This study is intended to assist hospital managers in providing a better experience for patients who are seeking care amid an emergent public health crisis. METHODS Selecting the top 50 comprehensive hospitals nationwide and the top specialized hospitals (children's hospitals, tumor hospitals, and maternity hospitals), we collected patient reviews from these hospitals on the Dianping website. Using ChatGPT, we classified the content of negative reviews. Additionally, we conducted statistical analysis using SPSS (IBM Corp) to examine the scoring and composition of negative evaluations. RESULTS A total of 30,317 pieces of effective comment information were collected from January 1, 2018, to August 15, 2023, including 7696 pieces of negative comment information. Manual inspection results indicated that ChatGPT had an accuracy rate of 92.05%. The F1-score was 0.914. The analysis of this data revealed a significant correlation between the comments and ratings received by hospitals during the pandemic. Overall, there was a significant increase in average comment scores during the outbreak (P<.001). Furthermore, there were notable differences in the composition of negative comments among different types of hospitals (P<.001). Children's hospitals received sensitive feedback regarding waiting times and treatment effectiveness, while patients at maternity hospitals showed a greater concern for the attitude of health care providers. Patients at tumor hospitals expressed a desire for timely examinations and treatments, especially during the pandemic period. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic had some association with patient comment scores. There were variations in the scores and content of comments among different types of specialized hospitals. Using ChatGPT to analyze patient comment content represents an innovative approach for statistically assessing factors contributing to patient dissatisfaction. The findings of this study could provide valuable insights for hospital administrators to foster more harmonious physician-patient relationships and enhance hospital performance during public health emergencies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weixue Huo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengwei He
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Zeng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianhao Bao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Lu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Tian
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaxuan Feng
- Vascular Surgery Department, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Feng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Harutyunyan T, Sargsyan Z, Sahakyan S, Chiloyan A, Melkom Melkomian D, Khachadourian V. Predicting COVID-19 vaccination uptake in Armenia using the Health Belief Model: Results from a nationwide survey. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2165383. [PMID: 36688424 PMCID: PMC9980550 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2165383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Health behavior theories have been effectively used for studying populations' awareness, attitudes, and beliefs related to COVID-19 preventative behaviors. The aim of this study was to explore the factors associated with the intention to get vaccinated against COVID-19 in the Armenian population using the Health Belief Model (HBM) as a framework. We applied stratified two-stage random sampling to conduct a telephone survey of 3,483 adults in 2021. The multi-domain survey instrument included questions on socio-demographic characteristics, COVID-19-related knowledge, COVID-19 susceptibility, severity and self-efficacy beliefs, sources of information on COVID-19, COVID-19 vaccination practice, and its benefits and barriers. We performed bivariate and hierarchical multivariate regression analysis with the entry of variables in blocks. In total, about 12% of the sample (n = 393) was vaccinated against COVID-19. Of 2,838 unvaccinated participants, about 53% (n = 1516) had an intention to get vaccinated. The final hierarchical logistic regression model containing socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge about COVID-19, and HBM constructs explained 43% of the variance in the intention to get vaccinated against COVID-19. Participants' age, employment status, average monthly expenditures, perceived threat, benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, and cues to action were significant and independent predictors of the intention to get COVID-19 vaccination. This study confirmed the utility of the HBM in highlighting drivers of an important health-protective behavior in the context of pandemics. Health policy makers, communication specialists, and healthcare providers should particularly stress the effectiveness and safety of the vaccines in their efforts to increase vaccination rates and focus on unemployed and low-income population groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsovinar Harutyunyan
- Turpanjian College of Health Sciences, American University of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Zhanna Sargsyan
- Turpanjian College of Health Sciences, American University of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Serine Sahakyan
- Turpanjian College of Health Sciences, American University of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Araz Chiloyan
- Public Health Department, Ministry of Health, Yerevan, Armenia
| | | | - Vahe Khachadourian
- Turpanjian College of Health Sciences, American University of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gao C. General Population's Psychological Perceptions of COVID-19: A Systematic Review. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:4995-5009. [PMID: 38107446 PMCID: PMC10723591 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s440942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, general population's mental health may be influenced by their perceptions of major pandemic issues. Therefore, a systematic search was conducted to screen out those concerns and analyse the impacts. EBSCO, Scopus and Web of Science were searched for publications from inception to 1 February 2023. Nineteen articles were extracted and four issues were screened out as general population's major concerns, namely "Risk perception", "Government trust", "Media coverage and authenticity", and "Conspiracy theory". The population's perceptions of those issues could affect their mental health by arousing emotional reactions, which vary in different countries, social classes and groups, and would change in different stages of virus outbreak. The findings suggest that the general population's attitudes towards COVID-19-related social issues could affect their psychological health and should receive more concerns. As different issues are related to one another, an integrated solution system is in need, which would be helpful for coping with similar public emergencies in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chong Gao
- School of Design and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Agbo UM, Nche GC. Suspecting the Figures: What Church Leaders Think About Government's Commitment to Combating COVID-19 in Nigeria. JOURNAL OF ASIAN AND AFRICAN STUDIES 2023; 58:725-746. [PMID: 37461428 PMCID: PMC10345814 DOI: 10.1177/00219096211069645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Public trust in government can significantly determine the outcome of health policies in any society. Hence, studies have been gauging peoples' level of trust in their governments' commitment and capacity to win the fight against COVID-19. However, these studies have omitted religious leaders. This is despite the fact that religious leaders play key roles in the area of health in many societies. The present study, therefore, explored the opinions church leaders have about the credibility of the COVID-19 statistics and other government responses in Nigeria. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 18 church leaders drawn from Anglican, Catholic, and Pentecostal churches in Nigeria. A descriptive narrative approach was employed in the thematic organization and analysis of data. Findings show that only one participant expressed confidence in the credibility of the COVID-19 statistics and other government's responses. The rest, with the exception of one participant who was uncertain, was distributed between those who believe the statistics and other government efforts are exaggerated and those who believe they are false. The study also found that denominational affiliation mattered with respect to the perceptions about the credibility of the COVID-19 statistics and other government responses. Implications of findings for policy and research are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - George C. Nche
- George C. Nche, Department of Religion Studies, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, PO Box 524 / Cnr Kingsway & University Road, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Morgan G, Briollais L, Clausen M, Casalino S, Mighton C, Chowdhary S, Frangione E, Yiu Jordan Fung C, Arnoldo S, Bearss E, Binnie A, Borgundvaag B, Dagher M, Devine L, Friedman SM, Khan Z, McGeer A, McLeod SL, Richardson D, Stern S, Taher A, Wong I, Zarei N, Bombard Y, Lerner-Ellis J, Taher J. Public knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 serological and viral lineage laboratory testing and result interpretation: A GENCOV study cross-sectional survey. Clin Biochem 2023:110607. [PMID: 37406717 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2023.110607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Concepts related to SARS-CoV-2 laboratory testing and result interpretation can be challenging to understand. A cross-sectional survey of COVID-19 positive adults residing in Ontario, Canada was conducted to explore how well people understand SARS-CoV-2 laboratory tests and their associated results. DESIGN AND METHODS Participants were recruited through fliers or by prospective recruitment of outpatients and hospitalized inpatients with COVID-19. Enrolled participants included consenting adults with a positive SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction test result. An 11-item questionnaire was developed by researchers, nurses, and physicians in the study team and was administered online between April 2021 to May 2022 upon enrolment into the study. RESULTS Responses were obtained from 940 of 1106 eligible participants (85% participation rate). Most respondents understood 1) that antibody results should not influence adherence to social distancing measures (n=602/888, 68%), 2) asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection following test positivity (n=698/888, 79%), 3) serological test sensitivity in relation to post-infection timeline (n=540/891, 61%), and 4) limitations of experts' knowledge related to SARS-CoV-2 serology (n=693/887, 78%). Conversely, respondents demonstrated challenges understanding 1) conflicting molecular and serological test results and their relationship with immune protection (n=162/893, 18%) and 2) the impact of SARS-CoV-2 variants on vaccine effectiveness (n=235/891, 26%). Analysis of responses stratified by sociodemographic variables identified that respondents who were either: 1) female, 2) more educated, 3) aged 18-44, 4) from a high-income household, or 5) healthcare workers responded expectedly more often. CONCLUSIONS We have highlighted concepts related to SARS-CoV-2 laboratory tests and associated results which may be challenging to understand. The findings of this study enable us to identify 1) misconceptions related to various SARS-CoV-2 test results, 2) groups of individuals at risk, and 3) strategies to improve people's understanding of their test results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Morgan
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Marc Clausen
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Selina Casalino
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Chloe Mighton
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sunakshi Chowdhary
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Erika Frangione
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Chun Yiu Jordan Fung
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Saranya Arnoldo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada
| | - Erin Bearss
- Mount Sinai Academic Family Health Team, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Bjug Borgundvaag
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Emergency Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marc Dagher
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Luke Devine
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Steven M Friedman
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Emergency Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Allison McGeer
- Department of Microbiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shelley L McLeod
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Schwartz/Reisman Emergency Medicine Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Seth Stern
- Mackenzie Health, Richmond Hill, ON, Canada
| | - Ahmed Taher
- Mackenzie Health, Richmond Hill, ON, Canada; Division of Emergency Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Iris Wong
- Mackenzie Health, Richmond Hill, ON, Canada
| | | | - Yvonne Bombard
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jordan Lerner-Ellis
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer Taher
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
T. Campbell J, Bennett-Brown M, S. Marcotte A, M. Kaufman E, Moscovici Z, R. Adams O, Lovins S, R. Garcia J, N. Gesselman A. American Singles' Attitudes Toward Future Romantic/Sexual Partners' COVID-19 Vaccination Status: Evidence for both Vigilance and Indifference in a National Sample. SEXUALITY & CULTURE 2023; 27:1-24. [PMID: 37360016 PMCID: PMC10196300 DOI: 10.1007/s12119-023-10097-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Around 142 million American adults are currently single; at least half of these singles want to pursue a romantic partner. Romantic dating can involve exposure to numerous people. Thus, dating can significantly impact pathogen exposure risk. In a demographically-representative cross-sectional survey conducted in 2021 (N = 5,000), we examined U.S. American singles' COVID-19 vaccination status, assessed their preferences around a potential partner's COVID-19 vaccination status, and identified demographic subgroups of singles particularly opposed to or indifferent to a partner being vaccinated against COVID-19. Our results showed 65% of participants were fully vaccinated, 10% were partially vaccinated, and 26% were unvaccinated against COVID-19. With regards to partner preferences, half wanted a vaccinated partner; 18.9% wanted a vaccinated partner but would make exceptions; 6.1% wanted an unvaccinated partner; and 25% reported that they did not care about their dating partner's vaccination status. Partner preferences were largely aligned with participants' own vaccination status, such that vaccinated participants preferred vaccinated partners. However, those preferring unvaccinated partners-or those willing to make exceptions for a partner-were most likely to identify as men, younger in age, a political affiliation outside of the two-party political system, a gender or sexual minority, or as a racial minority (i.e., Black/African-American or South Asian). Additionally, participants who were employed (vs. unemployed) were more likely to make exceptions for or prefer an unvaccinated partner. These results suggest that singles prefer homophily in COVID-19 vaccine status, and that minoritized subgroups of singles are more likely to maintain a social network including unvaccinated close others. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12119-023-10097-9.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Magaret Bennett-Brown
- Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, USA
- Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Theivendrampillai S, Cooper J, Lee T, Lau MWK, Marquez C, Straus SE, Fahim C. Canadian public perceptions and experiences with information during the COVID-19 pandemic: strategies to optimize future risk communications. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:796. [PMID: 37118761 PMCID: PMC10141811 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15659-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the spread of misinformation worldwide. The purpose of this study was to explore perceptions of misinformation and preferred sources of obtaining COVID-19 information from those living in Canada. In particular, we sought to explore the perceptions of East Asian individuals in Canada, who experienced stigma related to COVID-19 messaging. METHODS We conducted a qualitative thematic analysis study. Interviews were offered in English, Mandarin and Cantonese. Interviewers probed for domains related to knowledge about COVID-19, preferred sources of information, perceived barriers and facilitators of misinformation, and preferences for communication during a health emergency. Interviews were recorded, translated, transcribed verbatim and analyzed using a framework approach. Transcripts were independently double-coded until > 60% agreement was reached. This study received research ethics approval. RESULTS Fifty-five interviews were conducted. The majority of participants were women (67%); median age was 52 years. 55% of participants were of East-Asian descent. Participants obtained information about COVID-19 from diverse English and non-English sources including news media, government agencies or representatives, social media, and personal networks. Challenges to seeking and understanding information included: encountering misinformation, making sense of evolving or conflicting public health guidance, and limited information on topics of interest. 65% of participants reported encountering COVID-19 misinformation. East Asian participants called on government officials to champion messaging to reduce stigmatizing and racist rhetoric and highlighted the importance of having accessible, non-English language information sources. Participants provided recommendations for future public health communications guidance during health emergencies, including preferences for message content, information messengers, dissemination platforms and format of messages. Almost all participants preferred receiving information from the Canadian government and found it helpful to utilize various mediums and platforms such as social media and news media for future risk communication, urging for consistency across all platforms. CONCLUSIONS We provide insights on Canadian experiences navigating COVID-19 information, where more than half perceived encountering misinformation on platforms when seeking COVID-19 information . We provide recommendations to inform public health communications during future health emergencies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeanette Cooper
- Knowledge Translation Program, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Taehoon Lee
- Knowledge Translation Program, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Christine Marquez
- Knowledge Translation Program, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sharon E Straus
- Knowledge Translation Program, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Christine Fahim
- Knowledge Translation Program, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sattler S, Maskileyson D, Racine E, Davidov E, Escande A. Stigmatization in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: a survey experiment using attribution theory and the familiarity hypothesis. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:521. [PMID: 36934221 PMCID: PMC10024019 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15234-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has created a global health crisis, leading to stigmatization and discriminatory behaviors against people who have contracted or are suspected of having contracted the virus. Yet the causes of stigmatization in the context of COVID-19 remain only partially understood. Using attribution theory, we examine to what extent attributes of a fictitious person affect the formation of stigmatizing attitudes towards this person, and whether suspected COVID-19 infection (vs. flu) intensifies such attitudes. We also use the familiarity hypothesis to explore whether familiarity with COVID-19 reduces stigma and whether it moderates the effect of a COVID-19 infection on stigmatization. METHODS We conducted a multifactorial vignette survey experiment (28-design, i.e., NVignettes = 256) in Germany (NRespondents = 4,059) in which we experimentally varied signals and signaling events (i.e., information that may trigger stigma) concerning a fictitious person in the context of COVID-19. We assessed respondents' cognitive (e.g., blameworthiness) and affective (e.g., anger) responses as well as their discriminatory inclinations (e.g., avoidance) towards the character. Furthermore, we measured different indicators of respondents' familiarity with COVID-19. RESULTS Results revealed higher levels of stigma towards people who were diagnosed with COVID-19 versus a regular flu. In addition, stigma was higher towards those who were considered responsible for their infection due to irresponsible behavior. Knowing someone who died from a COVID infection increased stigma. While higher self-reported knowledge about COVID-19 was associated with more stigma, higher factual knowledge was associated with less. CONCLUSION Attribution theory and to a lesser extent the familiarity hypothesis can help better understand stigma in the context of COVID-19. This study provides insights about who is at risk of stigmatization and stigmatizing others in this context. It thereby allows identifying the groups that require more support in accessing healthcare services and suggests that basic, factually oriented public health interventions would be promising for reducing stigma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Sattler
- Faculty of Sociology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.
- Institute of Sociology and Social Psychology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
- Pragmatic Health Ethics Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Quebec, QC, Canada.
| | - Dina Maskileyson
- Institute of Sociology and Social Psychology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Eric Racine
- Pragmatic Health Ethics Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eldad Davidov
- Institute of Sociology and Social Psychology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- University of Zurich and University Research Priority Program "Social Networks", Zurich, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Parsons Leigh J, Moss SJ, Mizen SJ, FitzGerald EA, Brundin-Mather R, de Grood C, Dodds A, Stelfox HT, Fiest KM. Exploring the influence of behavioural, normative and control beliefs on intentions to adhere to public health guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative interview based study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:464. [PMID: 36899337 PMCID: PMC9999336 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15344-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perceived severity and susceptibility of disease are predictors of individual behaviour during health crises. Little is known about how individual beliefs influence intentions to adhere to public health guidelines during periods of health crises, and how access to and consumption of information influence these intentions. This study investigated behavioural beliefs, normative beliefs, and control beliefs, and their influence on behavioural intentions to adhere to public health guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Participants were recruited from a related COVID-19 study conducted by our team, and through snowball sampling in subsequent. Using a maximum variation sampling technique, we recruited a diverse group of participants representing six major regions in Canada. Participants took part in one-on-one semi-structured interviews from February 2021 to May 2021. Data were analyzed independently in duplicate by thematic analysis. The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) was the conceptual framework used to organize dominant themes. RESULTS We conducted a total of 60 individual interviews (137 eligible individuals contacted, 43.8% response rate) and identified six themes organized according to the three constructs of behavioural, normative and control beliefs as described in the TPB: (1) Behavioural: My "New Normal," Individual Rights and Perceived Pandemic Severity, Fatigue with COVID-19, (2) Normative: COVID-19 Collective, (3) Control: Practicality of Public Health Guidelines, and (6) Conflicting Public Health Messages. Most (n = 43, 71.7%) participants perceived individuals in their geographic community to be following public health guidelines adequately. Several participants (n = 15, 25.0%) commented on the unequal impact of restrictions based on socioeconomic factors (i.e., class, race, age). CONCLUSION Individual perceptions of risk, loss of control, access to resources (i.e., childcare), and societal expectations, shaped intentions to engage in disease preventative behaviours (i.e., social distancing) during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeanna Parsons Leigh
- Faculty of Health, School of Health Administration, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
| | - Stephana Julia Moss
- Faculty of Health, School of Health Administration, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Sara J Mizen
- Faculty of Health, School of Health Administration, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Emily A FitzGerald
- Faculty of Health, School of Health Administration, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Rebecca Brundin-Mather
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Alberta Health Services & University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Chloe de Grood
- Faculty of Health, School of Health Administration, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Alexandra Dodds
- Faculty of Health, School of Health Administration, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Henry T Stelfox
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Alberta Health Services & University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences & O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kirsten M Fiest
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Alberta Health Services & University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences & O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry & Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Vaccine Hesitancy Among Canadian Mothers: Differences in Attitudes Towards a Pediatric COVID-19 Vaccine Among Women Who Experience Intimate Partner Violence. Matern Child Health J 2023; 27:566-574. [PMID: 36800061 PMCID: PMC9936486 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-023-03610-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Vaccine hesitancy (VH) in maternal decision-making is important to understand to achieve community immunity targets and optimize pediatric COVID-19 vaccine adoption. COVID-19 is exacerbating the risk of intimate partner violence (IPV) for women in abusive relationships, a known risk factor for maternal VH. This project aimed to: (1) determine if IPV impacts maternal VH in Canada; and (2) understand maternal attitudes towards routine childhood vaccines and a pediatric COVID-19 vaccine in Canada. METHODS As part of a cross-sectional, quantitative study, 129 women completed an online survey. IPV was assessed using the Abuse Assessment Screen and the revised, short-form Composite Abuse Scale. The Parent Attitudes about Childhood Vaccines scale evaluated maternal attitudes towards routine vaccinations and a COVID-19 vaccine. Questions informed by the World Health Organization's Increasing Vaccination Model (IVM) evaluated perceived barriers and facilitators to COVID-19 vaccination. RESULTS In total, 14.5% of mothers were hesitant towards routine childhood vaccines, while 97.0% were hesitant towards a COVID-19 vaccine. Experiencing IPV was significantly associated with maternal COVID-19 VH (W = 683, p < 0.05). Social processes were identified as instrumental barriers and facilitators to COVID-19 vaccination, meaning that social norms and information sharing among social networks are critical in maternal vaccination decision-making. CONCLUSIONS FOR PRACTICE This study provides novel evidence of maternal IPV significantly impacting VH and the presence of strong maternal VH specific to a COVID-19 vaccine in the Canadian context. Further research is required to fully understand the factors that build confidence and mitigate hesitancy in mothers, especially mothers who have experienced IPV.
Collapse
|
11
|
De Rubeis V, Gonzalez A, de Groh M, Jiang Y, Erbas Oz U, Tarride JE, Basta NE, Kirkland S, Wolfson C, Griffith LE, Raina P, Anderson LN. Obesity and adverse childhood experiences in relation to stress during the COVID-19 pandemic: an analysis of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. Int J Obes (Lond) 2023; 47:197-206. [PMID: 36690842 PMCID: PMC9868513 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-023-01258-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with obesity are at increased risk of chronic stress, and this may have been exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic. Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) are also associated with both obesity and stress, and may modify risk of stress among people with obesity. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the associations between obesity, ACEs, and stress during the pandemic, and to determine if the association between obesity and stress was modified by ACEs. METHODS A longitudinal study was conducted among adults aged 50-96 years (n = 23,972) from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) COVID-19 Study. Obesity and ACEs were collected pre-pandemic (2015-2018), and stress was measured at COVID-19 Exit Survey (Sept-Dec 2020). We used logistic, Poisson, and negative binomial regression to estimate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between obesity, ACEs, and stress outcomes during the pandemic. Interaction by ACEs was evaluated on the additive and multiplicative scales. RESULTS People with obesity were more likely to experience an increase in overall stressors (class III obesity vs. healthy weight RR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.12-1.27) as well as increased health related stressors (class III obesity vs. healthy weight RR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.12-1.39) but did not perceive the consequences of the pandemic as negative. ACEs were also associated an increase in overall stressors (4-8 ACEs vs. none RR = 1.38; 95% CI: 1.33-1.44) and being more likely to perceive the pandemic as negative (4-8 ACEs vs. none RR = 1.32; 95% CI: 1.19-1.47). The association between obesity and stress was not modified by ACEs. CONCLUSIONS Increased stress during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic was observed among people with obesity or ACEs. The long-term outcomes of stress during the pandemic need to be determined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa De Rubeis
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Andrea Gonzalez
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioural Neurosciences, Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Margaret de Groh
- Applied Research Division, Center for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON, K0A 0K9, Canada
| | - Ying Jiang
- Applied Research Division, Center for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON, K0A 0K9, Canada
| | - Urun Erbas Oz
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Jean-Eric Tarride
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
- McMaster University, Chair in Health Technology Management, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
- Center for Health Economics and Policy Analysis (CHEPA), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
- Programs for Assessment of Technology in Health (PATH), The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Nicole E Basta
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A2, Canada
| | - Susan Kirkland
- Department of Community Health & Epidemiology and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Christina Wolfson
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A2, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A2, Canada
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A2, Canada
| | - Lauren E Griffith
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Parminder Raina
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Laura N Anderson
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ober J, Karwot J. The Effect of Publicly Available COVID-19 Information on the Functioning of Society, Businesses, Government and Local Institutions: A Case Study from Poland. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2719. [PMID: 36768084 PMCID: PMC9915221 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has seriously affected many world regions' societies and economies. The pandemic and the restrictions introduced in response to it have impacted social behaviour and the operation of businesses in various ways. The present study aimed to verify the impact of information on the COVID-19 outbreak in Poland on the frequency with which residents of Rybnik and the surrounding areas chose to stay in their houses or apartments, as well as the functioning of businesses. The originality of the study lies in the use of mediation modelling, in which the following were used as variables describing the epidemic in Poland: new cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Poland; the number of deaths caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection in Poland; and the number of people quarantined due to the COVID-19 epidemic in Poland. On the other hand, data on tap water consumption were used as variables describing the frequency with which residents of Rybnik and the surrounding areas chose to stay in their houses or apartments, the operation of businesses in and around the city, and the operation of government and local government institutions. The study's conclusions confirm that publicly available information about the COVID-19 outbreak in Poland affected the frequency of residents of Rybnik and the surrounding areas staying in their houses or apartments as well as the functioning of businesses in Rybnik and the surrounding areas. The increasing number of people who died due to SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with the limited functioning of government and local government institutions in and around Rybnik, which contributed to restrictions on the functioning of service industry companies in the city and surrounding areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Józef Ober
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, Faculty of Organization and Management, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelta 26–28, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Janusz Karwot
- Sewage and Water Supply Ltd., Pod Lasem 62, 44-210 Rybnik, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lineberry S, Bogenschutz M, Dinora P, Ayers K. The Role of Information and Knowledge in COVID-19 Vaccination Among People With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities and Their Families. INTELLECTUAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2023; 61:16-30. [PMID: 36706004 DOI: 10.1352/1934-9556-61.1.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
People with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) may be at an increased risk of severe illness and death from COVID-19. This article examines the role of information and knowledge in COVID-19 vaccine uptake for people with IDD and their families. We developed a survey about COVID-19 vaccine uptake, confidence, and knowledge for people with IDD and their families. COVID-19 vaccine uptake was associated with higher self-reported knowledge about the vaccine, learning about the vaccine from one's doctor, and social media use. Qualitative results reflected the importance of trusted relationships with medical providers in vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Lineberry
- Sarah Lineberry, Matthew Bogenschutz, and Parthenia Dinora, Virginia Commonwealth University
| | - Matthew Bogenschutz
- Sarah Lineberry, Matthew Bogenschutz, and Parthenia Dinora, Virginia Commonwealth University
| | - Parthenia Dinora
- Sarah Lineberry, Matthew Bogenschutz, and Parthenia Dinora, Virginia Commonwealth University
| | - Kara Ayers
- Kara Ayers, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cook EJ, Elliott E, Donald L, Gaitan A, Randhawa G, Cartwright S, Waqar M, Egbutah C, Nduka I, Guppy A, Ali N. Knowledge, perceived risk, and attitudes towards COVID-19 protective measures amongst ethnic minorities in the UK: A cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1060694. [PMID: 36711414 PMCID: PMC9880421 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1060694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Minority ethnic groups are at increased risk of COVID-19 related mortality or morbidity yet continue to have a disproportionally lower uptake of the vaccine. The importance of adherence to prevention and control measures to keep vulnerable populations and their families safe therefore remains crucial. This research sought to examine the knowledge, perceived risk, and attitudes toward COVID-19 among an ethnically diverse community. Methods A cross-sectional self-administered questionnaire was implemented to survey ethnic minority participants purposefully recruited from Luton, an ethnically diverse town in the southeast of England. The questionnaire was structured to assess participants knowledge, perceived risk, attitudes toward protective measures as well as the sources of information about COVID-19. The questionnaire was administered online via Qualtrics with the link shared through social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and WhatsApp. Questionnaires were also printed into brochures and disseminated via community researchers and community links to individuals alongside religious, community and outreach organisations. Data were analysed using appropriate statistical techniques, with the significance threshold for all analyses assumed at p = 0.05. Findings 1,058 participants (634; 60% females) with a median age of 38 (IQR, 22) completed the survey. National TV and social networks were the most frequently accessed sources of COVID-19 related information; however, healthcare professionals, whilst not widely accessed, were viewed as the most trusted. Knowledge of transmission routes and perceived susceptibility were significant predictors of attitudes toward health-protective practises. Conclusion/recommendation Improving the local information provision, including using tailored communication strategies that draw on trusted sources, including healthcare professionals, could facilitate understanding of risk and promote adherence to health-protective actions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erica Jane Cook
- School of Psychology, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Erica Jane Cook ✉
| | | | - Louisa Donald
- School of Psychology, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, United Kingdom
| | - Alfredo Gaitan
- School of Psychology, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, United Kingdom
| | - Gurch Randhawa
- Institute for Health Research, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, United Kingdom
| | - Sally Cartwright
- Public Health Luton, Luton Borough Council, Luton, United Kingdom
| | - Muhammad Waqar
- Institute for Health Research, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, United Kingdom
| | - Chimeme Egbutah
- Public Health Luton, Luton Borough Council, Luton, United Kingdom
| | - Ifunanya Nduka
- Institute for Health Research, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, United Kingdom
| | - Andy Guppy
- School of Psychology, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, United Kingdom
| | - Nasreen Ali
- Institute for Health Research, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sharp MK, Forde Z, McGeown C, O’Murchu E, Smith SM, O’Neill M, Ryan M, Clyne B. Irish Media Coverage of COVID-19 Evidence-Based Research Reports From One National Agency. Int J Health Policy Manag 2022; 11:2464-2475. [PMID: 35042323 PMCID: PMC9818095 DOI: 10.34172/ijhpm.2021.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND How research findings are presented through domestic news can influence behaviour and risk perceptions, particularly during emergencies such as the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Monitoring media communications to track misinformation and find information gaps is an important component of emergency risk communication. Therefore, this study investigated the traditional media coverage of nine selected COVID-19 evidence-based research reports and associated press releases (PRs) published during the initial phases of the pandemic (April to July 2020) by one national agency. METHODS NVivo was used for summative content analysis. 'Key messages' from each research report were proposed and 488 broadcast, print, and online media sources were coded at the phrase level. Manifest content was coded and counted to locate patterns in the data (what and how many) while latent content was analysed to further investigate these patterns (why and how). This included the coding of the presence of political and public health actors in coverage. RESULTS Coverage largely did not misrepresent the results of the reports, however, selective reporting and the variability in the use of quotes from governmental and public health stakeholders changed and contextualised results in different manners than perhaps originally intended in the PR. Reports received varying levels of media attention. Coverage focused on more 'human-interest' stories (eg, spread of COVID-19 by children and excess mortality) as opposed to more technical reports (eg, focusing on viral load, antibodies, testing, etc). CONCLUSION Our findings provide a case-study of European media coverage of evidence reports produced by a national agency. Results highlighted several strengths and weaknesses of current communication efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa K. Sharp
- Health Research Board Centre for Primary Care Research, Department of General
Practice, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Zoë Forde
- Health Information and Quality Authority, George’s Court, George’s Lane, Dublin
7, Ireland
| | - Cordelia McGeown
- Health Information and Quality Authority, George’s Court, George’s Lane, Dublin
7, Ireland
| | - Eamon O’Murchu
- Health Information and Quality Authority, George’s Court, George’s Lane, Dublin
7, Ireland
| | - Susan M. Smith
- Health Research Board Centre for Primary Care Research, Department of General
Practice, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Michelle O’Neill
- Health Information and Quality Authority, George’s Court, George’s Lane, Dublin
7, Ireland
| | - Máirín Ryan
- Health Information and Quality Authority, George’s Court, George’s Lane, Dublin
7, Ireland
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity
Health Sciences, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Barbara Clyne
- Health Research Board Centre for Primary Care Research, Department of General
Practice, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Health Information and Quality Authority, George’s Court, George’s Lane, Dublin
7, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Parsons Leigh J, Halperin D, Mizen SJ, FitzGerald EA, Moss SJ, Fiest KM, Di Castri A, Stelfox HT, Halperin S. Exploring the impact of media and information on self-reported intentions to vaccinate against COVID-19: A qualitative interview-based study. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2048623. [PMID: 35417284 PMCID: PMC9196778 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2048623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization declared vaccine hesitancy a top threat to global health following resurgence of vaccine-preventable diseases close to eradication in many countries (e.g. measles). Vaccines are effective in preventing severe illness, hospitalization, and death from COVID-19, yet there remains a small proportion of the eligible population who choose not to vaccinate. Social media and online news sources are opportunities for targeted public health interventions to improve vaccine uptake. This study reports the results of a semi-structured interview study that explored the influence of media and information on individuals' self-reported intentions to vaccinate against COVID-19. METHODS A qualitative descriptive study was employed to gain insight from a diverse group of individuals. Adult participants were recruited through a related COVID-19 study; we used a maximum variation sampling technique and purposively sampled participants based on demographics. Interviews were conducted from February 2021 to May 2021. Themes from interviews were summarized with representative quotations according to the 3C Theoretical Framework (Confidence, Complacency, Convenience). RESULTS Key themes identified following thematic analysis from 60 participants included: vaccine safety, choice of vaccine, fear mongering, trust in authority, belief in vaccinations (Confidence); delaying vaccination (Complacency); confusing information, access to vaccines and information (Convenience). While most participants intended to vaccinate, many expressed concerns and hesitancy. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy prevents universal immunization and contradictory messages in media are a source of concern and fear. The success of future vaccine campaigns will depend upon authorities' ability to disseminate accessible, detailed, and consistent information promoting public confidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeanna Parsons Leigh
- Faculty of Health, School of Health Administration, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Donna Halperin
- Canadian Center for Vaccinology & Scientific Staff, IWK Health Center, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,Rankin School of Nursing, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Sara J Mizen
- Faculty of Health, School of Health Administration, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Emily A FitzGerald
- Faculty of Health, School of Health Administration, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Stephana Julia Moss
- Faculty of Health, School of Health Administration, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Kirsten M Fiest
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Alberta Health Services & University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences & O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry & Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Antonia Di Castri
- Canadian Center for Vaccinology & Scientific Staff, IWK Health Center, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Henry T Stelfox
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Alberta Health Services & University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences & O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Scott Halperin
- Canadian Center for Vaccinology & Scientific Staff, IWK Health Center, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Parsons Leigh J, Brundin-Mather R, Moss SJ, Nickel A, Parolini A, Walsh D, Bigham BL, Carter AJE, Fox-Robichaud A, Fiest KM. Public awareness and knowledge of sepsis: a cross-sectional survey of adults in Canada. Crit Care 2022; 26:337. [PMID: 36329489 PMCID: PMC9632573 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-022-04215-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis is a life-threatening complication of the body’s response to infection. The financial, medical, and psychological costs of sepsis to individuals and to the healthcare system are high. Most sepsis cases originate in the community, making public awareness of sepsis essential to early diagnosis and treatment. There has been no comprehensive examination of adult’s sepsis knowledge in Canada. Methods We administered an online structured survey to English- or French-literate adults in Canada. The questionnaire comprised 28 questions in three domains: awareness, knowledge, and information access. Sampling was stratified by age, sex, and geography and weighted to 2016 census data. We used descriptive statistics to summarize responses; demographic differences were tested using the Rao–Scott correction for weighted chi-squared tests and associations using multiple variable regression. Results Sixty-one percent of 3200 adults sampled had heard of sepsis. Awareness differed by respondent’s residential region, sex, education, and ethnic group (p < 0.001, all). The odds of having heard of sepsis were higher for females, older adults, respondents with some or completed college/university education, and respondents who self-identified as Black, White, or of mixed ethnicity (p < 0.01, all). Respondent’s knowledge of sepsis definitions, symptoms, risk factors, and prevention measures was generally low (53.0%, 31.5%, 16.5%, and 36.3%, respectively). Only 25% of respondents recognized vaccination as a preventive strategy. The strongest predictors of sepsis knowledge were previous exposure to sepsis, healthcare employment, female sex, and a college/university education (p < 0.001, all). Respondents most frequently reported hearing about sepsis through television (27.7%) and preferred to learn about sepsis from healthcare providers (53.1%). Conclusions Sepsis can quickly cause life-altering physical and psychological effects and 39% of adults sampled in Canada have not heard of it. Critically, a minority (32%) knew about signs, risk factors, and strategies to lower risk. Education initiatives should focus messaging on infection prevention, employ broad media strategies, and use primary healthcare providers to disseminate evidence-based information. Future work could explore whether efforts to raise public awareness of sepsis might be bolstered or hindered by current discourse around COVID-19, particularly those centered on vaccination. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13054-022-04215-6.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeanna Parsons Leigh
- Faculty of Health, School of Health Administration, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada. .,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
| | | | - Stephana Julia Moss
- Faculty of Health, School of Health Administration, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Department of Critical Care, CRISMA Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Angie Nickel
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ariana Parolini
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Deirdre Walsh
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Blair L Bigham
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alix J E Carter
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Emergency Health Services Nova Scotia, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Alison Fox-Robichaud
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Kirsten M Fiest
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abdoh E. Online health information seeking and digital health literacy among information and learning resources undergraduate students. JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC LIBRARIANSHIP 2022; 48:102603. [PMID: 36158639 PMCID: PMC9487174 DOI: 10.1016/j.acalib.2022.102603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, students have trouble coping with the available health information regarding the coronavirus in their daily lives because of misinformation. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate online health information seeking and digital health literacy among information and learning resources undergraduate students at Taibah University during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods To investigate the primary goal, this study used a simultaneous exploratory mixed methods design. Seventeen students participated in phone interviews, and 306 were invited to complete an online survey. Analysis The collected data was analyzed using both quantitative (SPSS) and qualitative (NVivo 10) methods. Results Search engines, social media, and YouTube were most often used by the respondents as sources to search for COVID-19-related information. COVID-19 symptoms, restrictions, and the current spread of COVID-19 were the most searched topics by the respondents. Significant and relevant differences emerged for the digital health literacy subscales “information search” and “adding self-generated content”. However, there were no significant differences in the digital health literacy subscale “determining relevance”. Conclusion Using the internet to provide health information tailored to the needs and interests of students to seek health information online and thereby improve their health literacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esra Abdoh
- Department of Information and Learning Resources, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Fiest KM, Krewulak KD, Jaworska N, Spence KL, Mizen SJ, Bagshaw SM, Burns KEA, Cook DJ, Fowler RA, Olafson K, Patten SB, Rewa OG, Rochwerg B, Spence S, West A, Stelfox HT, Parsons Leigh J. Impact of restricted visitation policies during COVID-19 on critically ill adults, their families, critical care clinicians, and decision-makers: a qualitative interview study. Can J Anaesth 2022; 69:1248-1259. [PMID: 35978160 PMCID: PMC9385091 DOI: 10.1007/s12630-022-02301-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, restricted visitation policies were enacted at acute care facilities to reduce the spread of COVID-19 and conserve personal protective equipment. In this study, we aimed to describe the impact of restricted visitation policies on critically ill patients, families, critical care clinicians, and decision-makers; highlight the challenges faced in translating these policies into practice; and delineate strategies to mitigate their effects. METHOD A qualitative description design was used. We conducted semistructured interviews with critically ill adult patients and their family members, critical care clinicians, and decision-makers (i.e., policy makers or enforcers) affected by restricted visitation policies. We transcribed semistructured interviews verbatim and analyzed the transcripts using inductive thematic analysis. RESULTS Three patients, eight family members, 30 clinicians (13 physicians, 17 nurses from 23 Canadian intensive care units [ICUs]), and three decision-makers participated in interviews. Thematic analysis was used to identify five themes: 1) acceptance of restricted visitation (e.g., accepting with concerns); 2) impact of restricted visitation (e.g., ethical challenges, moral distress, patients dying alone, intensified workload); 3) trust in the healthcare system during the pandemic (e.g., mistrust of clinical team); 4) modes of communication (e.g., communication using virtual platforms); and 5) impact of policy implementation on clinical practice (e.g., frequent changes and inconsistent implementation). CONCLUSIONS Restricted visitation policies across ICUs during the COVID-19 pandemic negatively affected critically ill patients and their families, critical care clinicians, and decision-makers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten M Fiest
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Alberta Health Services & University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Department of Community Health Sciences & O'Brien Institute for Public Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry & Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Karla D Krewulak
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Alberta Health Services & University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Natalia Jaworska
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Alberta Health Services & University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Krista L Spence
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Alberta Health Services & University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Sara J Mizen
- Faculty of Health, School of Health Administration, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Sean M Bagshaw
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Critical Care Strategic Clinical Network, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Karen E A Burns
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Deborah J Cook
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Robert A Fowler
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kendiss Olafson
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Scott B Patten
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Oleksa G Rewa
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Critical Care Strategic Clinical Network, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Bram Rochwerg
- Department of Medicine, Division of Critical Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence & Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Sean Spence
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Alberta Health Services & University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Andrew West
- Canadian Society of Respiratory Therapists, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Henry T Stelfox
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Alberta Health Services & University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences & O'Brien Institute for Public Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jeanna Parsons Leigh
- Faculty of Health, School of Health Administration, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Jirjees F, Barakat M, Shubbar Q, Othman B, Alzubaidi H, Al-Obaidi H. Perceptions of COVID-19 symptoms, prevention, and treatment strategies among people in seven Arab countries: A cross-sectional study. J Infect Public Health 2022; 15:1108-1117. [PMID: 36137360 PMCID: PMC9462932 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2022.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUP the widespread COVID-19 infection worldwide has resulted in the inability of healthcare facilities to receive all infected patients; therefore, most are treated at home. In addition, factors such as high mortality, types and severity of symptoms, and the prevalence of unreliable information have prompted patients to resort to self-treatment. OBJECTIVES To assess prevention, treatment, degree of symptoms, and sources of information among patients with COVID-19 in Arab countries METHOD: A cross-sectional study was conducted in seven Arab countries: Algeria, Egypt, Iraq, Lebanon, Libya, Tunisia, and the United Arab of Emirates. People who have recovered from COVID-19 completed the study questionnaire. Score of symptoms during and after COVID-19 infection has been calculated by giving the participants a list of 13 symptoms. RESULTS A total of 3519 participants completed the survey. Mostly females (68.3%), and aged between 18 and 40 years old (59.4%). Prophylaxis treatments, including vaccines and antibiotics, have been used in around 40% of the participants. The total average score of symptoms during the infection period was found 7.31 ± 3.66 out of 13. However, the symptoms score upon recovery was low (0.48 ± 1.11 score). The significant associations with increased incidence of symptoms during infection were reported with older people, married, divorced or widowed, people with chronic diseases, and obese. Moreover, significant associations with decreased symptoms were reported with those who worked in the health sector, non- or ex-smokers, and vaccinated people. CONCLUSION The use of medication and other treatments to prevent infection with COVID-19 was common among the participants in the seven countries. Taking the vaccine was the only effect on the number of symptoms experienced by patients. Although nearly two years have passed since the onset of the disease, there is still a need to raise treatment awareness among patients at home.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Muna Barakat
- School of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Jordan
| | | | - Bayan Othman
- School of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Jordan
| | | | - Hala Al-Obaidi
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, UAE
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Singh G, DeWalle J, Tanriover B, Singh N, Chang AR, Anand PM. Effect of age and rural residency on perceptions about SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and vaccination in kidney transplant recipients. Transpl Infect Dis 2022; 24:e13943. [PMID: 36169231 PMCID: PMC9539214 DOI: 10.1111/tid.13943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transplant patients have poor outcomes in coronavirus-disease 2019 (COVID-19). The pandemic's effects on rural patients' overall care experience, attitudes to telemedicine, and vaccination are poorly understood. METHODS We administered a cross-sectional survey to adult kidney transplant recipients in central Pennsylvania across four clinical sites between March 29, 2021 and June 2, 2021. We assessed the pandemic's impact on care access, telemedicine experience, attitudes toward preventive measures, vaccination, and variation by sociodemographic variables. RESULTS Survey completion rate was 51% (303/594). Of these, 52.8% were rural residents. The most common impact was use of telemedicine (79.2%). Predominant barriers to telemedicine were lack of video devices (10.9%), perceived complexity (5.6%), and technical issues (5.3%). On a 0-10 Likert scale, the mean positive impression for telemedicine was 7.7; lower for patients with telephone-only versus video visits (7.0 vs. 8.2; p < .001), and age ≥60 years (7.4 vs. 8.1; p = .01) on univariate analyses. Time/travel savings were commonly identified (115/241, 47.7%) best parts of telemedicine and lack of personal connection (70/166, 42.2%) the worst. Only 68.9% had received any dose of COVID vaccination. The vaccinated group members were older (58.4 vs. 53.5 years; p = .007), and less likely rural (47.8% vs. 65.2%; p = .005). Common themes associated with vaccine hesitancy included concerns about safety (27/59, 46%), perceived lack of data (19/59, 32%), and distrust (17/59, 29%). At least one misconception about the vaccines or COVID-19 was quoted by 29% of vaccine-hesitant patients. CONCLUSIONS Among respondents, the pandemic significantly impacted healthcare experience, especially in older patients in underserved communities. COVID-19 vaccination rate was relatively low, driven by misconceptions and lack of trust.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gurmukteshwar Singh
- Department of NephrologyGeisinger HealthDanvillePennsylvaniaUSA,Kidney Health Research InstituteGeisinger HealthDanvillePennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Joseph DeWalle
- Department of Population Health SciencesGeisinger HealthDanvillePennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Bekir Tanriover
- Division of NephrologyUniversity of Arizona College of MedicineTusconArizonaUSA
| | - Neeraj Singh
- John C. McDonald Regional Transplant CenterLouisiana State UniversityShreveportLouisianaUSA
| | - Alex R. Chang
- Department of NephrologyGeisinger HealthDanvillePennsylvaniaUSA,Kidney Health Research InstituteGeisinger HealthDanvillePennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Prince M. Anand
- Division of NephrologyMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Guay M, Maquiling A, Chen R, Lavergne V, Baysac DJ, Racine A, Dubé E, MacDonald SE, Gilbert NL. Measuring inequalities in COVID-19 vaccination uptake and intent: results from the Canadian Community Health Survey 2021. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1708. [PMID: 36076208 PMCID: PMC9454405 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14090-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND By July 2021, Canada had received enough COVID-19 vaccines to fully vaccinate every eligible Canadian. However, despite the availability of vaccines, some eligible individuals remain unvaccinated. Differences in vaccination uptake can be driven by health inequalities which have been exacerbated and amplified by the pandemic. This study aims to assess inequalities in COVID-19 vaccination uptake and intent in adults 18 years or older across Canada by identifying sociodemographic factors associated with non-vaccination and low vaccination intent using data drawn from the June to August 2021 Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS). METHODS The CCHS is an annual cross-sectional and nationally representative survey conducted by Statistics Canada, which collects health-related information. Since September 2020, questions about the COVID-19 pandemic are asked. Adjusted logistic regression models were fitted to examine associations between vaccination uptake or intent and sociodemographic and health related variables. Region, age, gender, level of education, Indigenous status, visible minority status, perceived health status, and having a regular healthcare provider were considered as predictors, among other factors. RESULTS The analysis included 9,509 respondents. The proportion of unvaccinated was 11%. Non-vaccination was associated with less than university education (aOR up to 3.5, 95% CI 2.1-6.1), living with children under 12 years old (aOR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1-2.4), not having a regular healthcare provider (aOR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1-2.2), and poor self-perceived health (aOR 1.8, 95% CI 1.3-2.4). Only 5% of the population had low intention to get vaccinated. Being unlikely to get vaccinated was associated with the Prairies region (aOR 2.2, 95% CI 1.2-4.1), younger age groups (aOR up to 4.0, 95% CI 1.3-12.3), less than university education (aOR up to 3.8, 95% CI 1.9-7.6), not being part of a visible minority group (aOR 3.0, 95% CI 1.4-6.4), living with children under 12 years old (aOR 1.8, 95% CI 1.1-2.9), unattached individuals (aOR 2.6, 95% CI 1.1-6.1), and poor self-perceived health (aOR 2.0, 95% CI 1.3-2.9). CONCLUSIONS Disparities were observed in vaccination uptake and intent among various sociodemographic groups. Awareness of inequalities in COVID-19 vaccination uptake and intent is needed to determine the vaccination barriers to address in vaccination promotion strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mireille Guay
- Vaccine Rollout Task Force, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Aubrey Maquiling
- Vaccine Rollout Task Force, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ruoke Chen
- Vaccine Rollout Task Force, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Valérie Lavergne
- Vaccine Rollout Task Force, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Donalyne-Joy Baysac
- Vaccine Rollout Task Force, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Audrey Racine
- Centre for Population Health Data, Statistics Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Eve Dubé
- Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, Québec, QC, Canada.,Département d'anthropologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | | | - Nicolas L Gilbert
- Vaccine Rollout Task Force, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,École de santé publique de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mark E, Udod G, Skinner J, Jones M. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices [KAP] toward COVID-19: A cross-sectional study in the New York Metropolitan Area and California Bay Area. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271212. [PMID: 35947556 PMCID: PMC9365154 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The 2019 novel coronavirus [COVID-19] pandemic has necessitated the implementation of public health initiatives [PHI] to slow viral spread. We evaluated the effectiveness of PHI through a survey of COVID-19 knowledge, attitudes and practices [KAP]. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted primarily during stay-at-home orders in New York and San Francisco. A volunteer sample of 675 U.S. participants completed a KAP questionnaire after electronic distribution. RESULTS Participants had good knowledge and practices, but poor attitudes. Predictors of higher knowledge scores included white ethnicity, non-essential worker status, and healthcare worker status. Correlates with positive attitude included male gender, residence in California, higher annual income, and not utilizing radio or social media. Higher practice scores were predicted by female gender, non-essential and healthcare worker status, and information source. CONCLUSIONS Differences in KAP were found among demographic variables. Determining what factors and sources of information drive reception of public health information can guide targeted intervention and advance equitable health education.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erica Mark
- University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Galina Udod
- Downstate College of Medicine, State University of New York, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Jayne Skinner
- Department of Medical Sciences, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Marieke Jones
- Claude Moore Health Sciences Library, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
De Rubeis V, Anderson LN, Khattar J, de Groh M, Jiang Y, Oz UE, Basta NE, Kirkland S, Wolfson C, Griffith LE, Raina P. Stressors and perceived consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic among older adults: a cross-sectional study using data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. CMAJ Open 2022; 10:E721-E730. [PMID: 35944921 PMCID: PMC9377549 DOI: 10.9778/cmajo.20210313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The indirect consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic in older adults, such as stress, are unknown. We sought to describe the stressors and perceived consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on older adults in Canada and to evaluate differences by socioeconomic factors. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging COVID-19 Exit Questionnaire (September-December 2020). A 12-item checklist was used to assess stressors (e.g., income loss, separation from family) experienced during the pandemic, and a single question was used to measure perceived consequences. We used a generalized linear model with a binomial distribution and log link to estimate prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between socioeconomic factors, stressors and perceived consequences. RESULTS Among the 23 972 older adults (aged 50-96 yr) included in this study, 17 977 (75.5%) reported at least 1 stressor during the pandemic, with 5796 (24.4%) experiencing 3 or more stressors. The consequences of the pandemic were perceived as negative by 23 020 (63.1%) participants. Females were more likely to report most stressors than males, such as separation from family (adjusted prevalence ratio 1.31, 95% CI 1.28-1.35). The perceived consequences of the pandemic varied by region; residents of Quebec were less likely to perceive the consequences of the pandemic as negative (adjusted prevalence ratio 0.87, 95% CI 0.84-0.91) than those of the Atlantic provinces. INTERPRETATION These findings suggest that older adults across Canada experienced stressors and perceived the pandemic consequences as negative, though stressors and perceptions of consequences varied by socioeconomic factors and geography, highlighting inequalities. Future research will be needed to estimate the impact of stress during the pandemic on future health outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa De Rubeis
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (De Rubeis, Anderson, Khattar, Oz, Griffith, Raina), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Applied Research Division (De Rubeis, Khattar, de Groh, Jiang), Center for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Basta, Wolfson), School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Division of Geriatric Medicine (Kirkland), Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Laura N Anderson
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (De Rubeis, Anderson, Khattar, Oz, Griffith, Raina), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Applied Research Division (De Rubeis, Khattar, de Groh, Jiang), Center for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Basta, Wolfson), School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Division of Geriatric Medicine (Kirkland), Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Jayati Khattar
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (De Rubeis, Anderson, Khattar, Oz, Griffith, Raina), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Applied Research Division (De Rubeis, Khattar, de Groh, Jiang), Center for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Basta, Wolfson), School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Division of Geriatric Medicine (Kirkland), Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Margaret de Groh
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (De Rubeis, Anderson, Khattar, Oz, Griffith, Raina), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Applied Research Division (De Rubeis, Khattar, de Groh, Jiang), Center for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Basta, Wolfson), School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Division of Geriatric Medicine (Kirkland), Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (De Rubeis, Anderson, Khattar, Oz, Griffith, Raina), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Applied Research Division (De Rubeis, Khattar, de Groh, Jiang), Center for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Basta, Wolfson), School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Division of Geriatric Medicine (Kirkland), Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Urun Erbas Oz
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (De Rubeis, Anderson, Khattar, Oz, Griffith, Raina), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Applied Research Division (De Rubeis, Khattar, de Groh, Jiang), Center for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Basta, Wolfson), School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Division of Geriatric Medicine (Kirkland), Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Nicole E Basta
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (De Rubeis, Anderson, Khattar, Oz, Griffith, Raina), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Applied Research Division (De Rubeis, Khattar, de Groh, Jiang), Center for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Basta, Wolfson), School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Division of Geriatric Medicine (Kirkland), Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Susan Kirkland
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (De Rubeis, Anderson, Khattar, Oz, Griffith, Raina), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Applied Research Division (De Rubeis, Khattar, de Groh, Jiang), Center for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Basta, Wolfson), School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Division of Geriatric Medicine (Kirkland), Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Christina Wolfson
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (De Rubeis, Anderson, Khattar, Oz, Griffith, Raina), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Applied Research Division (De Rubeis, Khattar, de Groh, Jiang), Center for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Basta, Wolfson), School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Division of Geriatric Medicine (Kirkland), Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Lauren E Griffith
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (De Rubeis, Anderson, Khattar, Oz, Griffith, Raina), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Applied Research Division (De Rubeis, Khattar, de Groh, Jiang), Center for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Basta, Wolfson), School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Division of Geriatric Medicine (Kirkland), Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Parminder Raina
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (De Rubeis, Anderson, Khattar, Oz, Griffith, Raina), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Applied Research Division (De Rubeis, Khattar, de Groh, Jiang), Center for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Basta, Wolfson), School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Division of Geriatric Medicine (Kirkland), Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Michaels TI, Singal S, Marcy P, Hauser M, Braider L, Guinart D, Kane JM. Post-acute college student satisfaction with telepsychiatry during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 151:1-7. [PMID: 35427873 PMCID: PMC8986059 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Patient satisfaction with telepsychiatry during the COVID-19 pandemic has generally been positive, but few studies have compared patient experiences across settings, and no study to date has investigated the experience of college students receiving post-acute mental health treatment in an outpatient setting. PARTICIPANTS The current study surveyed college student outpatients (n = 101) to understand their experiences using telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS An anonymous survey was delivered electronically and included questions regarding patients' age, treatment length, telehealth use, and their experience and satisfaction with telepsychiatry. A mixed-methods approach was used to analyze responses between groups through Chi-Square, Kruskal-Wallis, or Mann-Whitney tests, and qualitatively to understand themes across items related to the benefits and challenges of telehealth. RESULTS College students were more likely to utilize video-based telehealth and preferred video-based care. College students receiving medication management were much more likely to endorse telehealth being as helpful as in-person treatment. Several challenges associated with telehealth were raised in both groups. CONCLUSIONS Understanding the benefits and challenges of telepsychiatry in this high-risk college population may help enhance access to care during a critical period of development in which most psychopathology emerges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy I. Michaels
- Department of Psychiatry, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA,The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA,Corresponding author. 75-59 263rd Street Queens, NY, 11004, USA
| | - Sonali Singal
- The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Laura Braider
- Department of Psychiatry, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA,The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Guinart
- Department of Psychiatry, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA,The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA,Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i Addiccions (INAD), Hospital del Mar, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - John M. Kane
- Department of Psychiatry, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA,The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA,Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Leigh JP, Brundin-Mather R, Soo A, FitzGerald E, Mizen S, Dodds A, Ahmed S, Burns KEA, Plotnikoff KM, Rochwerg B, Perry JJ, Benham JL, Honarmand K, Hu J, Lang R, Stelfox HT, Fiest K. Public perceptions during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada: a demographic analysis of self-reported beliefs, behaviors, and information acquisition. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:699. [PMID: 35397530 PMCID: PMC8994420 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13058-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
We explored associations between sociodemographic factors and public beliefs, behaviors, and information acquisition related to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to identify how the experiences of subpopulations in Canada may vary.
Methods
We administered a national online survey through Ipsos Incorporated to adults residing in Canada. Sampling was stratified by population age, sex, and regional distributions. We used descriptive statistics to summarize responses and test for differences based on gender, age, educational attainment, and household income using chi-squared tests, followed by weighted logistic regression.
Results
We collected 1996 eligible questionnaires between April 26th and May 1st, 2020. Respondents mean age was 50 years, 51% were women, 56% had a post-secondary degree, and 72% had a household income <$100,000. Our analysis found differences within the four demographic groups, with age effects most acutely evidenced. Respondents 65 years and older were more likely to perceive the pandemic as very serious, less likely to report declines in overall health, and more likely to intend to get vaccinated, compared to 18–29 year olds. Women overall were more likely to report negative outcomes than men, including stress due to the pandemic, and worsening social, mental/emotional, and spiritual health. Respondents 45 and older were more likely to seek and trust information from traditional Canadian news sources, while 18-29 year olds were more likely to seek and trust information on social media; overall, women and respondents with a post-secondary degree were more likely to access and trust online information from public health sites.
Conclusion
This study found important demographic differences in how adults living in Canada perceived the COVID-19 pandemic, the impacts on their health, and their preferences for information acquisition. Our results highlight the need to consider demographic characteristics in tailoring the format and information medium to improve large scale acceptance and uptake of mitigation and containment measures.
Collapse
|
27
|
Leigh JP, Moss SJ, Tiifu F, FitzGerald E, Brundin-Mathers R, Dodds A, Brar A, de Grood CM, Stelfox HT, Fiest KM, Ng-Kamstra J. Lived experiences of Asian Canadians encountering discrimination during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative interview study. CMAJ Open 2022; 10:E539-E545. [PMID: 35700997 PMCID: PMC9343119 DOI: 10.9778/cmajo.20220019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asian Canadians have experienced increased cases of racialized discrimination after the first emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in China. This study examined how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected Asian Canadians' sense of safety and belonging in their Canadian (i.e., geographical) communities. METHODS We applied a qualitative description study design in which semistructured interviews were conducted from Mar. 23 to May 27, 2021. Purposive and snowball sampling methods were used to recruit Asian Canadians diverse in region, gender and age. Interviews were conducted through Zoom videoconference or telephone, and independent qualitative thematic analysis in duplicate was used to derive primary themes and subthemes. RESULTS Thirty-two Asian Canadians (median age 35 [interquartile range 24-46] yr, 56% female, 44% East Asian) participated in the study. We identified 5 predominant themes associated with how the COVID-19 pandemic affected the participants' sense of security and belonging to their communities: relation between socioeconomic status (SES) and exposure to discrimination (i.e., how SES insulates or exposes individuals to increased discrimination); politics, media and the COVID-19 pandemic (i.e., the key role that politicians and media played in enabling spread of discrimination against and fear of Asian people); effect of discrimination on mental and social health (i.e., people's ability to interact and form meaningful relationships with others); coping with the impact of discrimination (i.e., the way people appraise and move forward in identity-threatening situations); and implications for sense of safety and sense of belonging (i.e., people feeling unable to safely use public spaces in person, including the need to remain alert in anticipation of harm, leading to distress and exhaustion). INTERPRETATION During the COVID-19 pandemic, Asian Canadians in our study felt unsafe owing to the uncertain, unexpected and unpredictable nature of discrimination, but also felt a strong sense of belonging to Canadian society and felt well connected to their Asian Canadian communities. Future work should seek to explore the influence of social media on treatment of and attitudes toward Asian Canadians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeanna Parsons Leigh
- School of Health Administration (Parsons Leigh, Moss, Tiifu, FitzGerald, Brundin-Mathers, De Grood), Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Department of Critical Care Medicine (Dodds, Stelfox, Fiest, Ng-Kamstra), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of Surgery (Brar), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; O'Brien Institute for Public Health (Stelfox), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; The Queen's Medical Center (Ng-Kamstra), Honolulu, HI; Department of Surgery (Ng-Kamstra), University of Hawaii at Manoa, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI
| | - Stephana Julia Moss
- School of Health Administration (Parsons Leigh, Moss, Tiifu, FitzGerald, Brundin-Mathers, De Grood), Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Department of Critical Care Medicine (Dodds, Stelfox, Fiest, Ng-Kamstra), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of Surgery (Brar), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; O'Brien Institute for Public Health (Stelfox), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; The Queen's Medical Center (Ng-Kamstra), Honolulu, HI; Department of Surgery (Ng-Kamstra), University of Hawaii at Manoa, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI
| | - Faizah Tiifu
- School of Health Administration (Parsons Leigh, Moss, Tiifu, FitzGerald, Brundin-Mathers, De Grood), Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Department of Critical Care Medicine (Dodds, Stelfox, Fiest, Ng-Kamstra), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of Surgery (Brar), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; O'Brien Institute for Public Health (Stelfox), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; The Queen's Medical Center (Ng-Kamstra), Honolulu, HI; Department of Surgery (Ng-Kamstra), University of Hawaii at Manoa, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI
| | - Emily FitzGerald
- School of Health Administration (Parsons Leigh, Moss, Tiifu, FitzGerald, Brundin-Mathers, De Grood), Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Department of Critical Care Medicine (Dodds, Stelfox, Fiest, Ng-Kamstra), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of Surgery (Brar), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; O'Brien Institute for Public Health (Stelfox), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; The Queen's Medical Center (Ng-Kamstra), Honolulu, HI; Department of Surgery (Ng-Kamstra), University of Hawaii at Manoa, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI
| | - Rebecca Brundin-Mathers
- School of Health Administration (Parsons Leigh, Moss, Tiifu, FitzGerald, Brundin-Mathers, De Grood), Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Department of Critical Care Medicine (Dodds, Stelfox, Fiest, Ng-Kamstra), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of Surgery (Brar), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; O'Brien Institute for Public Health (Stelfox), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; The Queen's Medical Center (Ng-Kamstra), Honolulu, HI; Department of Surgery (Ng-Kamstra), University of Hawaii at Manoa, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI
| | - Alexandra Dodds
- School of Health Administration (Parsons Leigh, Moss, Tiifu, FitzGerald, Brundin-Mathers, De Grood), Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Department of Critical Care Medicine (Dodds, Stelfox, Fiest, Ng-Kamstra), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of Surgery (Brar), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; O'Brien Institute for Public Health (Stelfox), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; The Queen's Medical Center (Ng-Kamstra), Honolulu, HI; Department of Surgery (Ng-Kamstra), University of Hawaii at Manoa, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI
| | - Amanpreet Brar
- School of Health Administration (Parsons Leigh, Moss, Tiifu, FitzGerald, Brundin-Mathers, De Grood), Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Department of Critical Care Medicine (Dodds, Stelfox, Fiest, Ng-Kamstra), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of Surgery (Brar), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; O'Brien Institute for Public Health (Stelfox), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; The Queen's Medical Center (Ng-Kamstra), Honolulu, HI; Department of Surgery (Ng-Kamstra), University of Hawaii at Manoa, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI
| | - Chloe Moira de Grood
- School of Health Administration (Parsons Leigh, Moss, Tiifu, FitzGerald, Brundin-Mathers, De Grood), Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Department of Critical Care Medicine (Dodds, Stelfox, Fiest, Ng-Kamstra), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of Surgery (Brar), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; O'Brien Institute for Public Health (Stelfox), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; The Queen's Medical Center (Ng-Kamstra), Honolulu, HI; Department of Surgery (Ng-Kamstra), University of Hawaii at Manoa, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI
| | - Henry T Stelfox
- School of Health Administration (Parsons Leigh, Moss, Tiifu, FitzGerald, Brundin-Mathers, De Grood), Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Department of Critical Care Medicine (Dodds, Stelfox, Fiest, Ng-Kamstra), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of Surgery (Brar), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; O'Brien Institute for Public Health (Stelfox), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; The Queen's Medical Center (Ng-Kamstra), Honolulu, HI; Department of Surgery (Ng-Kamstra), University of Hawaii at Manoa, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI
| | - Kirsten M Fiest
- School of Health Administration (Parsons Leigh, Moss, Tiifu, FitzGerald, Brundin-Mathers, De Grood), Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Department of Critical Care Medicine (Dodds, Stelfox, Fiest, Ng-Kamstra), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of Surgery (Brar), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; O'Brien Institute for Public Health (Stelfox), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; The Queen's Medical Center (Ng-Kamstra), Honolulu, HI; Department of Surgery (Ng-Kamstra), University of Hawaii at Manoa, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI
| | - Josh Ng-Kamstra
- School of Health Administration (Parsons Leigh, Moss, Tiifu, FitzGerald, Brundin-Mathers, De Grood), Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Department of Critical Care Medicine (Dodds, Stelfox, Fiest, Ng-Kamstra), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of Surgery (Brar), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; O'Brien Institute for Public Health (Stelfox), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; The Queen's Medical Center (Ng-Kamstra), Honolulu, HI; Department of Surgery (Ng-Kamstra), University of Hawaii at Manoa, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Hill LM, Davis H, Drewry M, Shelus V, Bartels SM, Gora Combs K, Ribisl KM, Lazard AJ. Barriers to and Facilitators of COVID-19 Prevention Behaviors Among North Carolina Residents. HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2022; 49:231-241. [PMID: 35189728 PMCID: PMC9008556 DOI: 10.1177/10901981221076408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 was the third leading cause of death in the United States in 2020. Prior to the wide dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, individual prevention behaviors, such as wearing face masks, have been the primary non-pharmaceutical interventions to reduce infections. We surveyed 404 North Carolina residents recruited through Amazon MTurk in July 2020 to assess adherence to key prevention behaviors (6-foot distancing, mask wearing, and gathering limits) and barriers to and facilitators of adherence. Participants reported past 7-day prevention behaviors and behavioral barriers and facilitators informed by the Integrated Behavior Model and the Health Belief Model (perceived risk, perceived severity, behavioral attitudes, injunctive and descriptive norms, and personal agency). Reported adherence to each behavior in the past 7 days was generally high, with lower adherence to 6-foot distancing and mask wearing in the work context. The most commonly endorsed barriers to 6-foot distancing included physical impediments, forgetting, and unfavorable descriptive norms. For mask wearing, ability to keep a distance, discomfort/inconvenience, and forgetting were most commonly endorsed. In logistic regression models, injunctive social norms followed by perceived personal agency were the strongest independent correlates of 6-foot distancing. Behavioral attitudes and injunctive social norms were independently associated with mask wearing. For gathering size limit adherence, perceived personal agency was the strongest independent predictor followed by perceived severity of COVID-19. Messaging campaigns targeting these barriers and facilitators should be tested. Interventions improving the convenience and salience of physical distancing and mask wearing in high-density public places and places of work may also promote prevention behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Hill
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Hunter Davis
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Maura Drewry
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Victoria Shelus
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sophia M Bartels
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Kurt M Ribisl
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Allison J Lazard
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Butkovic A, Galesic M. Relationship Between COVID-19 Threat Beliefs and Individual Differences in Demographics, Personality, and Related Beliefs. Front Psychol 2022; 13:831199. [PMID: 35250775 PMCID: PMC8895196 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.831199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Individual differences in demographics, personality, and other related beliefs are associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) threat beliefs. However, the relative contributions of these different types of individual differences to COVID-19 threat beliefs are not known. In this study, a total of 1,700 participants in Croatia (68% female; age 18-86 years) completed a survey that included questions about COVID-19 risks, questions about related beliefs including vaccination beliefs, trust in the health system, trust in scientists, and trust in the political system, the HEXACO 60 personality inventory, as well as demographic questions about gender, age, chronic diseases, and region. We used hierarchical regression analyses to examine the proportion of variance explained by demographics, personality, and other related beliefs. All three types of individual differences explained a part of the variance of COVID-19 threat beliefs, with related beliefs explaining the largest part. Personality facets explained a slightly larger amount of variance than personality factors. These results have implications for communication about COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Butkovic
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mirta Galesic
- Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM, United States
- Harding Center for Risk Literacy, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Géa LP, Upfold C, Qureshi A, Moulden HM, Mamak M, McDonald Wilson Bradford J, Chaimowitz GA. Public perceptions of psychiatric, justice-involved, and elderly populations during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 146:67-76. [PMID: 34954362 PMCID: PMC8689415 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has had a significant global impact, with all countries facing the challenge of mitigating its spread. An unprecedented shortage of medical resources has raised concerns regarding allocation and prioritization of supplies, which may exacerbate social discrepancies for already vulnerable populations. As public opinion can impact healthcare policies, we aimed to characterize perceptions of psychiatric, forensic psychiatry, correctional, and elderly populations regarding COVID-19-related issues. This web-based study recruited participants (n = 583) from the general population in North America. The survey included perceptions of the pandemic, hypothetical scenarios on resource prioritization, and Likert scale questions. The majority of participants were cisgender female (72.7%), aged 31-74 years (80.0%), married (48.0%), retired (52.7%), resided in Canada (73.9%), had a college/university degree (50.9%) and had never worked in healthcare (66.21%). Most respondents reported not having a criminal history (95.88%), or a psychiatric disorder (78.73%). Perceptions of vulnerable populations were significantly different for resource allocation and prioritization (e.g., ventilator and vaccine resources, all p < 0.001). Healthcare workers and the elderly were commonly ranked the highest priority for resources, while forensic psychiatry and correctional populations were given the lowest priority. A high rate of disagreement was found for the more stigmatizing questions in the survey (all p < 0.0001). Our results suggest that perception from members of the general public in North America is aligned with current practices for resource allocation. However, individuals that already face social and health disparities may face additional opposition in decision-making for COVID-19 resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Paul Géa
- Forensic Psychiatry Program, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton – West 5th Campus, 100 West 5th Street, Hamilton, ON, L8N3K7, Canada,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S4L8, Canada
| | - Casey Upfold
- Forensic Psychiatry Program, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton – West 5th Campus, 100 West 5th Street, Hamilton, ON, L8N3K7, Canada
| | - Aamna Qureshi
- Forensic Psychiatry Program, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton – West 5th Campus, 100 West 5th Street, Hamilton, ON, L8N3K7, Canada
| | - Heather Marie Moulden
- Forensic Psychiatry Program, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton – West 5th Campus, 100 West 5th Street, Hamilton, ON, L8N3K7, Canada,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S4L8, Canada
| | - Mini Mamak
- Forensic Psychiatry Program, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton – West 5th Campus, 100 West 5th Street, Hamilton, ON, L8N3K7, Canada,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S4L8, Canada
| | - John McDonald Wilson Bradford
- Forensic Psychiatry Program, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton – West 5th Campus, 100 West 5th Street, Hamilton, ON, L8N3K7, Canada,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S4L8, Canada
| | - Gary Andrew Chaimowitz
- Forensic Psychiatry Program, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton - West 5th Campus, 100 West 5th Street, Hamilton, ON, L8N3K7, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S4L8, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Parthasarathi A, Puvvada RK, Basappa S, Krishna MT, P A M. Global intention of the general public to undergo COVID-19 vaccination: time trends and risk factors for vaccine refusal, a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Wellcome Open Res 2022. [DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17517.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Knowledge of facilitators and barriers regarding the uptake of COVID-19 vaccination at a global population level is critical for combating the pandemic, saving lives, and protecting the economy. The aim of this work was to determine the proportion of people likely to accept or refuse to undergo COVID-19 vaccination. This study also investigated (a) time trends regarding the intention to undergo COVID-19 vaccination and (b) socio-demographic risk factors influencing vaccine refusal. Methods: Databases (01 March 2020-01 March 2021) searched included PubMed, MEDLINE, and Scopus. The sample size was n ≥1000 and selected studies were those that determined vaccine ‘acceptance’, ‘refusal’ and ‘hesitancy’. A random-effects model was employed to obtain the overall odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for socio-demographic predictors for vaccine refusal. Results: A total of 832 citations were screened and 35 studies from 21 countries (n=130,179) were analyzed. The pooled proportion of individuals reporting an intention to vaccinate was 0.70 (95% CI: 0.65 to 0.74; I2 = 99.68%). The proportion of people intending to vaccinate decreased (regression coefficient = -0.13; p<0.001) during the study period and odds of refusal to vaccinate increased by 1.37-fold (95% CI: 1.33-1.41) during the second half. Risk factors identified for vaccine refusal included being female, rural residence, lower income, and lower level of formal education. Conclusions: A moderate proportion of people showed an intention to receive vaccination, although this declined during the study period. A global and national multi-pronged strategic and targeted approach is urgently needed to enhance vaccination uptake amongst females, those with a relatively lower educational and socioeconomic status, and those in rural areas.
Collapse
|
32
|
Yalamanchili B, Donelle L, Jurado LF, Fera J, Basch CH. Investigating #covidnurse Messages on TikTok: Descriptive Study. JMIR Nurs 2022; 5:e35274. [PMID: 35029536 PMCID: PMC8763309 DOI: 10.2196/35274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background During a time of high stress and decreased social interaction, nurses have turned to social media platforms like TikTok as an outlet for expression, entertainment, and communication. Objective The purpose of this cross-sectional content analysis study is to describe the content of videos with the hashtag #covidnurse on TikTok, which included 100 videos in the English language. Methods At the time of the study, this hashtag had 116.9 million views. Each video was coded for content-related to what nurses encountered and were feeling during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results Combined, the 100 videos sampled received 47,056,700 views; 76,856 comments; and 5,996,676 likes. There were 4 content categories that appeared in a majority (>50) of the videos: 83 showed the individual as a nurse, 72 showed the individual in professional attire, 58 mentioned/suggested stress, 55 used music, and 53 mentioned/suggested frustration. Those that mentioned stress and those that mentioned frustration received less than 50% of the total views (n=21,726,800, 46.17% and n=16,326,300, 34.69%, respectively). Although not a majority, 49 of the 100 videos mentioned the importance of nursing. These videos garnered 37.41% (n=17,606,000) of the total views, 34.82% (n=26,759) of the total comments, and 23.85% (n=1,430,213) of the total likes. So, despite nearly half of the total videos mentioning how important nurses are, these videos received less than half of the total views, comments, and likes. Conclusions Social media and increasingly video-related online messaging such as TikTok are important platforms for social networking, social support, entertainment, and education on diverse topics, including health in general and COVID-19 specifically. This presents an opportunity for future research to assess the utility of the TikTok platform for meaningful engagement and health communication on important public health issues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Corey H Basch
- William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ, United States
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Salmon PM, Plant KL. Distributed situation awareness: From awareness in individuals and teams to the awareness of technologies, sociotechnical systems, and societies. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2022; 98:103599. [PMID: 34656892 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2021.103599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A large component of Neville Stanton's work has focused on situation awareness in domains such as defence, transport, and process control. A significant contribution has been to initiate a shift from considering individual human operator situation awareness to considering the situation awareness of human and non-human teams, organisations, and even sociotechnical systems. Though controversial when introduced, the distributed situation awareness model has become increasingly relevant for modern day systems and problems. In this article we reflect on Stanton's contribution and point to a pressing need to consider a. The situation awareness of advanced technologies, and b. situation awareness at a sociotechnical system, societal and even global level. This is demonstrated via discussion on two contemporaneous issues: automated vehicles and the COVID-19 pandemic. It is concluded that, given advances such as artificial intelligence, the increased connectedness of society, emerging issues such as disinformation, and an increasing set of global threats, Stanton's distributed situation awareness model and associated analysis framework provide a useful toolkit for future Human Factors and Ergonomics applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul M Salmon
- Centre for Human Factors and Sociotechnical Systems, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD, 4558, Australia.
| | - Katherine L Plant
- Transportation Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kvarstein EH, Zahl KE, Stänicke LI, Pettersen MS, Baltzersen ÅL, Johansen MS, Eikenaes IUM, Arnevik EA, Hummelen B, Wilberg T, Pedersen G. Vulnerability of personality disorder during the Covid-19 crises - a multicenter survey of treatment experiences among patients referred to treatment. Nord J Psychiatry 2022; 76:52-63. [PMID: 34126854 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2021.1934110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The societal shutdown due to the Covid-19 pandemic involved mental health services for personality disorder (PD) and was introduced from 12 March 2020 in Norway. Rapid implementation of treatment modifications was required for patients typically characterized by insecure attachment and vulnerability to separation. AIM To investigate immediate reactions to the shutdown of services; alternative treatment received; and differences related to age in a clinical sample of patients with PD. DESIGN A survey performed from June to October 2020 (after the first Covid-19 wave) among 1120 patients from 12 units offering comprehensive group-based PD programs. RESULTS The response-rate was 12% (N = 133). Negative feelings of anxiety, sadness, and helplessness were noteworthy immediate reactions, but the dominating attitude was accommodation. Younger patients (<26 years) reported more skepticism and less relief. Modified treatment was mainly telephone therapy. Digital therapy was less available, but was more frequent among younger patients. A minority received digital group therapy. Most patients rated the frequency and quality of modified treatments as satisfactory in the given situation, but also worried about own treatment progress, lack of group therapy, and 47% missed seeing the therapist when having telephone consultations. CONCLUSION The survey confirms a radical modification from comprehensive group-based PD programs to telephone consultations, low availability of digital consultations and group treatments. Taking a short-term, first wave perspective, the survey indicates a noteworthy capacity among poorly functioning patients for accommodating to a clearly challenging situation, as well as considerable concern about treatment progress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elfrida Hartveit Kvarstein
- Department for National and Regional Functions, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Section for Personality Psychiatry and Specialized Treatments, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjell-Einar Zahl
- Group Therapy Section, Follo District Psychiatric Centre, Akershus University Hospital, Nordbyhagen, Norway
| | - Line Indrevoll Stänicke
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Nic Waals Institute, Lovisenberg Deacon Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mona Skjeklesaether Pettersen
- Department of Substance Abuse, Clinic for Mental Health and Addiction Treatment, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Department for National and Regional Functions, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Network for Personality Disorders, Section for Personality Psychiatry and Specialized Treatments, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Åse-Line Baltzersen
- Department for National and Regional Functions, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, National Advisory Unit for Personality Psychiatry, Section for Personality Psychiatry and Specialized Treatments, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Merete Selsbakk Johansen
- Department for National and Regional Functions, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Outpatient Clinic for Specialized Treatment of Personality Disorders, Section for Personality Psychiatry and Specialized Treatments, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingeborg Ulltveit-Moe Eikenaes
- Department for National and Regional Functions, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, National Advisory Unit for Personality Psychiatry, Section for Personality Psychiatry and Specialized Treatments, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Espen Ajo Arnevik
- Department for Research and Innovation, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Section for Clinical Addiction Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Benjamin Hummelen
- Department for Research and Innovation, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Section for Treatment Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Theresa Wilberg
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department for Research and Innovation, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Section for Clinical Addiction Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Geir Pedersen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department for National and Regional Functions, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Network for Personality Disorders, Section for Personality Psychiatry and Specialized Treatments, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Graham CT, Shepherd HA, Galea O, Kopala-Sibley DC, Emery CA, Yeates KO. Is psychological resilience associated with changes in youth sport participants' health-related quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic? J Child Adolesc Ment Health 2022; 34:30-41. [PMID: 38504644 DOI: 10.2989/17280583.2023.2277759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Objectives: This study investigated the quality of life of youth sport participants over the COVID-19 pandemic as moderated by psychological resilience.Methods: Participants included 93 high school sport participants (53.76% female, mean age = 15.59 ± 0.74) in a three-year longitudinal cohort study (SHRed Concussions) who completed the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Pediatric Quality of Life Scale (PedsQL), and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) at Year 1 (pre-pandemic, 2019-2020) and Year 2 (pandemic, 2020-2021). Change in quality of life and mental health symptoms from Year 1 to Year 2 was examined using paired t-tests and Year 1 resilience was examined as a predictor of Year 2 quality of life and mental health symptoms using linear regression.Results: Among participants with Year 1 scores before the pandemic onset, mean PedsQL (n = 74, t = -0.26 [-2.63, 2.03], p = 0.80) and SDQ (n = 74, t = 0.030 [-0.90, 0.93], p = 0.98) scores did not significantly change between Year 1 and Year 2. In unadjusted analyses, Year 1 CD-RISC scores were positively associated with predicted Year 2 PedsQL scores when Year 1 scores were controlled (β = 0.31 [0.0062, 0.61], ΔR2 = 0.02) but not with residual change in SDQ scores (β = 0.035 [-0.11, 0.18], ΔR2 = 0.001).Conclusions: Quality of life did not change significantly after the pandemic onset, and resilience was modestly protective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn T Graham
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Heather A Shepherd
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Olivia Galea
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Canada
- The Centre for Health, Activity and Rehabilitation Research, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | - Daniel C Kopala-Sibley
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Canada
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Canada
| | - Carolyn A Emery
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Canada
- Departments of Community Health Sciences and Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Keith Owen Yeates
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Benham JL, Atabati O, Oxoby RJ, Mourali M, Shaffer B, Sheikh H, Boucher JC, Constantinescu C, Parsons Leigh J, Ivers NM, Ratzan SC, Fullerton MM, Tang T, Manns BJ, Marshall DA, Hu J, Lang R. COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Attitudes and Beliefs in Canada: National Cross-sectional Survey and Cluster Analysis. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2021; 7:e30424. [PMID: 34779784 PMCID: PMC8709417 DOI: 10.2196/30424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There are concerns that vaccine hesitancy may impede COVID-19 vaccine rollout and prevent the achievement of herd immunity. Vaccine hesitancy is a delay in acceptance or refusal of vaccines despite their availability. Objective We aimed to identify which people are more and less likely to take a COVID-19 vaccine and factors associated with vaccine hesitancy to inform public health messaging. Methods A Canadian cross-sectional survey was conducted in Canada in October and November 2020, prior to the regulatory approval of the COVID-19 vaccines. Vaccine hesitancy was measured by respondents answering the question “what would you do if a COVID-19 vaccine were available to you?” Negative binomial regression was used to identify the factors associated with vaccine hesitancy. Cluster analysis was performed to identify distinct clusters based on intention to take a COVID-19 vaccine, beliefs about COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccines, and adherence to nonpharmaceutical interventions. Results Of 4498 participants, 2876 (63.9%) reported COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Vaccine hesitancy was significantly associated with (1) younger age (18-39 years), (2) lower education, and (3) non-Liberal political leaning. Participants that reported vaccine hesitancy were less likely to believe that a COVID-19 vaccine would end the pandemic or that the benefits of a COVID-19 vaccine outweighed the risks. Individuals with vaccine hesitancy had higher prevalence of being concerned about vaccine side effects, lower prevalence of being influenced by peers or health care professionals, and lower prevalence of trust in government institutions. Conclusions These findings can be used to inform targeted public health messaging to combat vaccine hesitancy as COVID-19 vaccine administration continues. Messaging related to preventing COVID among friends and family, highlighting the benefits, emphasizing safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccination, and ensuring that health care workers are knowledgeable and supported in their vaccination counselling may be effective for vaccine-hesitant populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie L Benham
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Omid Atabati
- Department of Economics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Robert J Oxoby
- Department of Economics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Mehdi Mourali
- Haskayne School of Business, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Blake Shaffer
- Department of Economics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Hasan Sheikh
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jean-Christophe Boucher
- School of Public Policy and Department of Political Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Cora Constantinescu
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Noah M Ivers
- Institute for Health System Solutions and Virtual Care, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Scott C Ratzan
- School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY, United States
| | - Madison M Fullerton
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Theresa Tang
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Braden J Manns
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Deborah A Marshall
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jia Hu
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Raynell Lang
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Zhou Y, Ma Y, Yang WFZ, Wu Q, Wang Q, Wang D, Ren H, Luo Y, Yang D, Liu T, Wu X. Doctor-patient relationship improved during COVID-19 pandemic, but weakness remains. BMC FAMILY PRACTICE 2021; 22:255. [PMID: 34937550 PMCID: PMC8694760 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-021-01600-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the quality of the doctor-patient relationship (DPR) in China and possible influencing factors during the COVID-19 period from the patient's perspective. METHODS An online survey was carried out nationwide from March 12, 2020 to March 30, 2020 in China via a convenience sampling strategy. Patients who met the inclusion criteria were invited to complete a questionnaire regarding the quality of DPR, including sociodemographic information, the Patient-Doctor Relationship Questionnaire (PDRQ-9), and influencing factors for DPR during the pandemic. RESULTS A total of 1903 patients were included. Our result showed that participants had a higher PDRQ-9 score during the COVID-19 pandemic (4.18 ± 0.51) than that before the COVID-19 pandemic (3.86 ± 0.67). Importance-performance analysis (IPA) revealed that doctor-patient communication, patient satisfaction, consultation time, doctor's attitude, and medical knowledge were specific aspects that needed to be prioritized to improve the DPR. Multiple linear regression analysis suggested that positive media reports, telemedicine, and national policies had a significantly positive effect on the DPR during the pandemic (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION In general, the DPR had been improved during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our research found the key points that needed to be prioritized to improve the DPR during the pandemic, which may provide effective suggestions for building a harmonious DPR in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Hunan Brain Hospital (Hunan Second People's Hospital), Changsha, China.,Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuejiao Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Winson Fu Zun Yang
- Department of Psychological Sciences, College of Arts & Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Qiuxia Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qianjin Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dongfang Wang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Honghong Ren
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yinli Luo
- Department of Psychiatry, Hunan Brain Hospital (Hunan Second People's Hospital), Changsha, China
| | - Dong Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Hunan Brain Hospital (Hunan Second People's Hospital), Changsha, China
| | - Tieqiao Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoming Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Purvis RS, Willis DE, Moore R, Bogulski C, McElfish PA. Perceptions of adult Arkansans regarding trusted sources of information about the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:2306. [PMID: 34930208 PMCID: PMC8685165 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12385-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The United States leads the world in confirmed COVID-19 cases; Arkansas ranks fifth in average daily cases per 100,000. Historically, Americans relied on health communications from governmental sources and the news media. However, there has been a documented decline of trust in these sources. The present study seeks to understand trusted sources of information about COVID-19 to improve health messaging because research shows the level of trust is associated with adherence to recommendations. METHODS Data were collected using an online survey from participants (N = 1221) who were 18 years of age or older and residing, employed, or accessing health care in Arkansas. A qualitative descriptive design was used to summarize participants' experiences and perceptions related to trusted sources of COVID-19 information. RESULTS Two primary themes related to participants' perceptions of sources of information about COVID-19 are reported: 1) trusted sources of information and 2) distrust or lack of trust in sources of information. Several subthemes emerged within each primary theme. Results showed high trust in the academic medical center, federal and state public health agencies, and local health care providers. The study also documents diverging voices of distrust and uncertainty in making sense of contradictory information. Participants reported the main reason for their lack of trust was the rapidly changing information and the lack of consistency in information provided across sources. CONCLUSIONS This finding provides insight into the importance of coordination between national, state, and local communications to bolster trust. Personal recommendations and testimonies from trusted health care providers and professionals could inform public health messaging interventions to increase vaccine uptake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel S Purvis
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, 1125 N. College Avenue, Fayetteville, AR, 72703, USA
| | - Don E Willis
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, 1125 N. College Avenue, Fayetteville, AR, 72703, USA
| | - Ramey Moore
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, 1125 N. College Avenue, Fayetteville, AR, 72703, USA
| | - Cari Bogulski
- Office of Community Health and Research, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, 1125 N. College Avenue, Fayetteville, AR, 72703, USA
| | - Pearl A McElfish
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, 1125 N. College Avenue, Fayetteville, AR, 72703, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Clavel N, Badr J, Gautier L, Lavoie-Tremblay M, Paquette J. Risk Perceptions, Knowledge and Behaviors of General and High-Risk Adult Populations Towards COVID-19: A Systematic Scoping Review. Public Health Rev 2021; 42:1603979. [PMID: 34909234 PMCID: PMC8636827 DOI: 10.3389/phrs.2021.1603979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic represents a major crisis for governments and populations. The public’s risk perceptions, knowledge, and behaviors are key factors that play a vital role in the transmission of infectious diseases. Our scoping review aims to map the early evidence on risk perceptions, knowledge, and behaviors of general and high-risk adult populations towards COVID-19. Methods: A systematic scoping review was conducted of peer-reviewed articles in five databases on studies conducted during the early stages of COVID-19. Thirty-one studies meeting the inclusion criteria were appraised and analyzed. Results: The levels of risk perceptions, knowledge, and behaviors towards COVID-19 were moderate to high in both general and high-risk adult populations. Adults were knowledgeable about preventive behaviors. Our review identified hand-washing and avoiding crowded places as dominant preventive behaviors. Being a female, older, more educated, and living in urban areas was associated with better knowledge of COVID-19 and appropriate preventive behaviors. Conclusion: This review offers a first understanding of risk perceptions, knowledge and behaviors of adult populations during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Clavel
- Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Janine Badr
- École de Santé Publique, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lara Gautier
- École de Santé Publique, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Jesseca Paquette
- Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Impact of Restricted Visitation Policies During the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Communication Between Critically Ill Patients, Families and Clinicians: A Qualitative Interview Study. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2021; 19:1169-1176. [PMID: 34914537 PMCID: PMC9278629 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.202107-877oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale Restricted visitation policies during the first wave of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic have had a major impact on the ways that intensive care unit (ICU) clinicians communicated with patients and their families, requiring the use of innovative strategies to adapt to new communication structures. Objectives The purpose of this study is to describe the impact of restricted visitation policies on communication and to identify strategies that could be used to facilitate better communication within Canadian ICUs from the perspective of those affected. Methods We conducted semistructured individual interviews with critically ill patients, their families, and clinicians from 23 Canadian ICUs during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic between July 2020 and October 2020. We used inductive thematic analysis to identify relevant themes and subthemes. Results Forty-one interviews were conducted with 3 patients, 8 family members, 17 nurses, and 13 physicians. Five themes were identified from the analysis: 1) patient and family psychosocial and information needs; 2) communication tools; 3) quality of communication; 4) changing roles and responsibilities of patients and nurses/physicians; and 5) facilitators or barriers to implementing alternative communication. Participants identified strategies to leverage new videoconference technology and communication structures to preserve the quality of communication. Conclusions Our study identified challenges and opportunities related to communication between critically ill patients, families, and ICU clinicians due to the restricted hospital visitation policies during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The use of videoconference technology and changes to communication structure were important strategies to facilitate effective communication within the ICU.
Collapse
|
41
|
Cohen-Cline H, Li HF, Gill M, Rodriguez F, Hernandez-Boussard T, Wolberg H, Lippa J, Vartanian K. Major disparities in COVID-19 test positivity for patients with non-English preferred language even after accounting for race and social factors in the United States in 2020. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:2121. [PMID: 34794421 PMCID: PMC8600352 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12171-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has further exposed inequities in our society, demonstrated by disproportionate COVID-19 infection rate and mortality in communities of color and low-income communities. One key area of inequity that has yet to be explored is disparities based on preferred language. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 164,368 adults tested for COVID-19 in a large healthcare system across Washington, Oregon, and California from March – July 2020. Using electronic health records, we constructed multi-level models that estimated the odds of testing positive for COVID-19 by preferred language, adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, and social factors. We further investigated interaction between preferred language and both race/ethnicity and state. Analysis was performed from October–December 2020. Results Those whose preferred language was not English had higher odds of having a COVID-19 positive test (OR 3.07, p < 0.001); this association remained significant after adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, and social factors. We found significant interaction between language and race/ethnicity and language and state, but the odds of COVID-19 test positivity remained greater for those whose preferred language was not English compared to those whose preferred language was English within each race/ethnicity and state. Conclusions People whose preferred language is not English are at greater risk of testing positive for COVID-19 regardless of age, race/ethnicity, geography, or social factors – demonstrating a significant inequity. Research demonstrates that our public health and healthcare systems are centered on English speakers, creating structural and systemic barriers to health. Addressing these barriers are long overdue and urgent for COVID-19 prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Cohen-Cline
- Center for Outcomes Research and Education, Providence St. Joseph Health, 5251 NE Glisan St., Portland, OR, 97213, USA
| | - Hsin-Fang Li
- Cardiovascular Analytics, Research, and Data Science, Providence St. Joseph Health, 9205 SW Barnes Road, Portland, OR, 97225, USA
| | - Monique Gill
- Center for Outcomes Research and Education, Providence St. Joseph Health, 5251 NE Glisan St., Portland, OR, 97213, USA
| | - Fatima Rodriguez
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and the Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, 291 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Tina Hernandez-Boussard
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics), Stanford University, 291 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Harry Wolberg
- Clinical Analytics, Providence St. Joseph Health, 1801 Lind Ave SW, Renton, WA, 98057, USA
| | - Jacob Lippa
- Clinical Analytics, Providence St. Joseph Health, 1801 Lind Ave SW, Renton, WA, 98057, USA
| | - Keri Vartanian
- Center for Outcomes Research and Education, Providence St. Joseph Health, 5251 NE Glisan St., Portland, OR, 97213, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Lang R, Atabati O, Oxoby RJ, Mourali M, Shaffer B, Sheikh H, Fullerton MM, Tang T, Leigh JP, Manns BJ, Marshall DA, Ivers NM, Ratzan SC, Hu J, Benham JL. Characterization of non-adopters of COVID-19 non-pharmaceutical interventions through a national cross-sectional survey to assess attitudes and behaviours. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21751. [PMID: 34741109 PMCID: PMC8571421 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01279-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Adoption of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) remains critical to curtail the spread of COVID-19. Using self-reported adherence to NPIs in Canada, assessed through a national cross-sectional survey of 4498 respondents, we aimed to identify and characterize non-adopters of NPIs, evaluating their attitudes and behaviours to understand barriers and facilitators of adoption. A cluster analysis was used to group adopters separately from non-adopters of NPIs. Associations with sociodemographic factors, attitudes towards COVID-19 and the public health response were assessed using logistic regression models comparing non-adopters to adopters. Of the 4498 respondents, 994 (22%) were clustered as non-adopters. Sociodemographic factors significantly associated with the non-adoption cluster were: (1) being male, (2) age 18–34 years, (3) Albertans, (4) lower education level and (5) higher conservative political leaning. Participants who expressed low concern for COVID-19 and distrust towards several institutions had greater odds of being non-adopters. This information characterizes individuals at greatest odds for non-adoption of NPIs to inform targeted marketing interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raynell Lang
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Omid Atabati
- Department of Economics, Faculty of Arts, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Robert J Oxoby
- Department of Economics, Faculty of Arts, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Mehdi Mourali
- Haskayne School of Business, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Blake Shaffer
- Department of Economics, Faculty of Arts, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Hasan Sheikh
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Madison M Fullerton
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Theresa Tang
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jeanna Parsons Leigh
- Faculty of Health, School of Health Administration, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Braden J Manns
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Deborah A Marshall
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Noah M Ivers
- Women's College Hospital Institute for Health System Solutions and Virtual Care, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Scott C Ratzan
- City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health & Health Policy, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jia Hu
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jamie L Benham
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Butt GF, Hodson J, Wallace GR, Rauz S, Murray PI. Public perceptions of eye symptoms and hospital services during the first UK lockdown of the COVID-19 pandemic: a web survey study. BMJ Open Ophthalmol 2021; 6:e000854. [PMID: 34693022 PMCID: PMC8520595 DOI: 10.1136/bmjophth-2021-000854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to explore the British public’s healthcare-seeking beliefs concerning eye symptoms, and assess how the first COVID-19 lockdown influenced these. Methods and analysis An anonymous web-based survey was disseminated through mailing lists and social media between June and August 2020. The survey sought participants’ views on the severity and urgency of the need for medical review for four ophthalmic and two general medical scenarios on a five-point scale. Participants were asked to answer questions twice: once ignoring the COVID-19 pandemic, and once taking this into account, with additional questions asked to identify factors influencing the decision to seek medical attention and ward admission. Results A total of 402 participants completed the survey (mean age 61.6 years, 63.1% female and 87.7% of white ethnicity). Scores for symptom severity and urgency of medical review increased significantly with the severity of the clinical scenario (both p<0.001). However, participants gave significantly lower scores for the urgency of medical attention when accounting for the COVID-19 pandemic (compared with no pandemic) for all scenarios (all p<0.001). Younger age, greater deprivation and non-white ethnicity were correlated with a lower perception of seriousness and urgency of medical attention. Conclusions During the first UK lockdown of the COVID-19 pandemic, reduced urgency of medical review for ocular and systemic pathologies was reported in response to the pandemic, which represents a barrier to healthcare-seeking behaviour. This has the potential to critically delay medical review and timely management, negatively impacting patient outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gibran F Butt
- Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - James Hodson
- Medical Statistics, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Graham R Wallace
- Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Saaeha Rauz
- Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Ophthalmology, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Philip I Murray
- Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Fukuda Y, Ando S, Fukuda K. Knowledge and preventive actions toward COVID-19, vaccination intent, and health literacy among educators in Japan: An online survey. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257552. [PMID: 34543315 PMCID: PMC8451997 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Countermeasures against the spread of COVID-19 have become an urgent issue in educational settings, where many group activities are necessary. Educators are key to preventing the spread of COVID-19 in educational settings. Infection prevention behavior requires comprehensive and complex measures such as self-restraint. disinfection care, hand washing, wearing masks and recommendation and implementation of vaccination. Improvement in the knowledge, skills, and preventive actions of educators vis-à-vis COVID-19 could allow for the continued provision of educational services while ensuring safety in educational settings. Therefore, the objective of this study was to explore the knowledge and preventive actions of educators regarding COVID-19 and vaccination awareness to provide appropriate support for educators. The study used data collected from 1,000 Japanese educators in January 2021 when the third wave of viral infections spread. Online surveys and multivariate linear regression analysis were used to determine age and whether respondents were being cared for by a doctor. We investigated the effects of factors on educators’ willingness to be vaccinated and changes in their behavior. This study found that factors such as age, gender, whether a respondent was under a physician’s care, and health literacy, affected the willingness of educators to receive vaccinations and engage in preventive actions. The study also suggests that the reliability of national government public relations efforts is lower than the reliability of local government public relations and that of information from family physicians, pharmacies, and mass media. It is therefore necessary to reexamine how information is disseminated by the national government and to increase the degree of trust in that information among the public. The findings of the study also revealed the importance of improving the provision of appropriate information and health literacy for the behavior of educators, not only during the initial outbreak, but also during the subsequent period of pandemic life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasue Fukuda
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka-city, Mie, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Shuji Ando
- Department of Information and Computer Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Fukuda
- Faculty of Political Science and Economics, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Siddiquea BN, Shetty A, Bhattacharya O, Afroz A, Billah B. Global epidemiology of COVID-19 knowledge, attitude and practice: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e051447. [PMID: 34521674 PMCID: PMC8441223 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of the global general population regarding COVID-19. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and PsycINFO were used to identify articles published between 1 January and 30 June 2021 assessing KAP regarding COVID-19 in the global general population. The quality of eligible studies was assessed. Random effects model was used to obtain the pooled proportion of each component of KAP of COVID-19. Heterogeneity (I2) was tested, and subgroup and correlation analyses were performed. RESULTS Out of 3099 records, 84 studies from 45 countries across all continents assessing 215 731 participants' COVID-19 KAP were included in this study. The estimated overall correct answers for knowledge, good attitude and good practice in this review were 75% (95% CI 72% to 77%), 74% (95% CI 71% to 77%) and 70% (95% CI 66% to 74%), respectively. Low-income countries, men, people aged below 30 years and people with 12 years of education or less had the lowest practice scores. Practice scores were below 60% in Africa and Europe/Oceania. Overall heterogeneity was high (I2 ≥98%), and publication bias was present (Egger's regression test, p<0.01). A positive significant correlation between knowledge and practice (r=0.314, p=0.006), and attitude and practice (r=0.348, p=0.004) was observed. CONCLUSIONS This study's findings call for community-based awareness programmes to provide a simple, clear and understandable message to reinforce knowledge especially regarding efficacy of the preventive measures in low and lower middle-income countries, and in Africa and Europe/Oceania, which will translate into good practice. Targeted intervention for men, people with low education, unemployed people and people aged below 30 years should be recommended. As most of the included studies were online surveys, underprivileged and remote rural people may have been missed out. Additional studies are needed to cover heterogeneous populations. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020203476.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bodrun Naher Siddiquea
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Aishwarya Shetty
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Oashe Bhattacharya
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Afsana Afroz
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Baki Billah
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Raman G, Peng JCH. Electricity consumption of Singaporean households reveals proactive community response to COVID-19 progression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2026596118. [PMID: 34408019 PMCID: PMC8403933 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2026596118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how populations' daily behaviors change during the COVID-19 pandemic is critical to evaluating and adapting public health interventions. Here, we use residential electricity-consumption data to unravel behavioral changes within peoples' homes in this period. Based on smart energy-meter data from 10,246 households in Singapore, we find strong positive correlations between the progression of the pandemic in the city-state and the residential electricity consumption. In particular, we find that the daily new COVID-19 cases constitute the most dominant influencing factor on the electricity demand in the early stages of the pandemic, before a lockdown. However, this influence wanes once the lockdown is implemented, signifying that residents have settled into their new lifestyles under lockdown. These observations point to a proactive response from Singaporean residents-who increasingly stayed in or performed more activities at home during the evenings, despite there being no government mandates-a finding that surprisingly extends across all demographics. Overall, our study enables policymakers to close the loop by utilizing residential electricity usage as a measure of community response during unprecedented and disruptive events, such as a pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gururaghav Raman
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117581
| | - Jimmy Chih-Hsien Peng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117581
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Treharne GJ, Johnstone G, Fletcher BD, Lamar RSM, White D, Stebbings S, Harrison A. Fears about COVID-19 and perceived risk among people with rheumatoid arthritis or ankylosing spondylitis following the initial lockdown in Aotearoa New Zealand. Musculoskeletal Care 2021; 20:290-298. [PMID: 34388290 PMCID: PMC8441895 DOI: 10.1002/msc.1585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background The COVID‐19 pandemic has disrupted all aspects of life and may raise particular fears for people with rheumatic disease. There is a need for research on fears and perceived risk of SARS‐CoV‐2 so as to understand the impact on wellbeing and inform service provision. Objectives The aim of this study was to examine the correlates of COVID‐19 fears and perceived risk of SARS‐CoV‐2 among people with rheumatoid arthritis or ankylosing spondylitis. Design A cross‐sectional survey design was applied in Aotearoa New Zealand in the period after initial nationwide lockdowns. Method An online survey was completed from July to September 2020 by 126 individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (n = 96) or ankylosing spondylitis (n = 30) who had previously been recruited to the Patient Opinion Real‐Time Anonymous Liaison (PORTAL) study in 2015 or 2018. The survey included demographics and health information as well as measures of COVID‐19 fears and experiences, functional disability and fatigue‐related disability. Results Fears about COVID‐19 were higher among younger participants, those who had been tested for SARS‐CoV‐2, and those who experienced more flares over the initial lockdown. Perceived risk of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection was also higher among individual who had been tested for SARS‐CoV‐2 and those taking biologic medications. Conclusion Fears about COVID‐19 and perceived risk of infection are related to age, health and medications among individuals with rheumatoid arthritis or ankylosing spondylitis. These findings inform how health professionals can help address the concerns of particular groups of people with rheumatic disease by providing relevant information about the ongoing effects of the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gareth J Treharne
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, Aotearoa New Zealand
| | - Grace Johnstone
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, Aotearoa New Zealand
| | - Benjamin D Fletcher
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, Aotearoa New Zealand
| | - Roisin S M Lamar
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, Aotearoa New Zealand
| | - Douglas White
- Department of Rheumatology, Waikato Clinical School, University of Auckland, Hamilton, Aotearoa New Zealand
| | - Simon Stebbings
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, Aotearoa New Zealand
| | - Andrew Harrison
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, Aotearoa New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
McKay SC, Lembach H, Hann A, Okoth K, Anderton J, Nirantharakumar K, Magill L, Torlinska B, Armstrong M, Mascaro J, Inston N, Pinkney T, Ranasinghe A, Borrows R, Ferguson J, Isaac J, Calvert M, Perera T, Hartog H. Health-related quality of life, uncertainty and coping strategies in solid organ transplant recipients during shielding for the COVID-19 pandemic. Transpl Int 2021; 34:2122-2137. [PMID: 34378227 PMCID: PMC8420473 DOI: 10.1111/tri.14010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Strict isolation of vulnerable individuals has been a strategy implemented by authorities to protect people from COVID‐19. Our objective was to investigate health‐related quality of life (HRQoL), uncertainty and coping behaviours in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients during the COVID‐19 pandemic. A cross‐sectional survey of adult SOT recipients undergoing follow‐up at our institution was performed. Perceived health status, uncertainty and coping strategies were assessed using the EQ‐5D‐5L, Short‐form Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale (SF‐MUIS) and Brief Cope, respectively. Interactions with COVID‐19 risk perception, access to health care, demographic and clinical variables were assessed. The survey was completed by 826 of 3839 (21.5%) invited participants. Overall, low levels of uncertainty in illness were reported, and acceptance was the major coping strategy (92%). Coping by acceptance, feeling protected, self‐perceived susceptibility to COVID‐19 were associated with lower levels of uncertainty. Health status index scores were significantly lower for those with mental health illness, compromised access to health care, a perceived high risk of severe COVID‐19 infection and higher levels of uncertainty. A history of mental health illness, risk perceptions, restricted healthcare access, uncertainty and coping strategies was associated with poorer HRQoL in SOT recipients during strict isolation. These findings may allow identification of strategies to improve HRQoL in SOT recipients during the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siobhan C McKay
- The Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Mindelsohn way, Birmingham, B152GW, United Kingdom.,Department of Academic Surgery, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TH, United Kingdom
| | - Hanns Lembach
- The Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Mindelsohn way, Birmingham, B152GW, United Kingdom
| | - Angus Hann
- The Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Mindelsohn way, Birmingham, B152GW, United Kingdom
| | - Kelvin Okoth
- Birmingham Centre for Observational and Prospective Studies (BiCOPS), University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TH, United Kingdom
| | - Joy Anderton
- Patient Research Partner, Liver & Gastro-Intestinal Patient and Public Involvement Group, Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Birmingham, UK
| | - Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar
- Birmingham Centre for Observational and Prospective Studies (BiCOPS), University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TH, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Magill
- Birmingham Centre for Observational and Prospective Studies (BiCOPS), University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TH, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara Torlinska
- Centre for Patient Reported Outcomes Research, Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TH, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Armstrong
- The Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Mindelsohn way, Birmingham, B152GW, United Kingdom
| | - Jorge Mascaro
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Mindelsohn way, Birmingham, B152GW, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas Inston
- Renal Surgery Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham Mindelsohn way, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Pinkney
- Centre for Patient Reported Outcomes Research, Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TH, United Kingdom
| | - Aaron Ranasinghe
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Mindelsohn way, Birmingham, B152GW, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Borrows
- Renal Surgery Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham Mindelsohn way, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - James Ferguson
- The Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Mindelsohn way, Birmingham, B152GW, United Kingdom
| | - John Isaac
- The Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Mindelsohn way, Birmingham, B152GW, United Kingdom
| | - Melanie Calvert
- Centre for Patient Reported Outcomes Research, Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TH, United Kingdom
| | - Thamara Perera
- The Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Mindelsohn way, Birmingham, B152GW, United Kingdom
| | - Hermien Hartog
- The Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Mindelsohn way, Birmingham, B152GW, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Berg SH, O'Hara JK, Shortt MT, Thune H, Brønnick KK, Lungu DA, Røislien J, Wiig S. Health authorities' health risk communication with the public during pandemics: a rapid scoping review. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1401. [PMID: 34266403 PMCID: PMC8280576 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11468-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Responses from the H1N1 swine flu pandemic and the recent COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic provide an opportunity for insight into the role of health authorities' ways of communicating health risk information to the public. We aimed to synthesise the existing evidence regarding different modes of communication used by health authorities in health risk communication with the public during a pandemic. METHODS We conducted a rapid scoping review. MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for publications in English from January 2009 through October 2020, covering both the full H1N1 pandemic and the response phase during the COVID-19 pandemic. The search resulted in 1440 records, of which 48 studies met our eligibility criteria. RESULTS The present review identified studies across a broad interdisciplinary field of health risk communication. The majority focused on the H1N1 pandemic and the COVID-19 pandemic. A content analysis of the studies identified three categories for modes of communication: i) communication channels, ii) source credibility and iii) how the message is communicated. The identified studies on social media focused mainly on content and engagement, while studies on the effect of the use of social media and self-protective behaviour were lacking. Studies on the modes of communication that take the diversity of receivers in the field into account are lacking. A limited number of studies of health authorities' use of graphic and audio-visual means were identified, yet these did not consider/evaluate creative communication choices. CONCLUSION Experimental studies that investigate the effect of health authorities' videos and messages on social media platforms and self-protective behaviour are needed. More studies are needed across the fields of health risk communication and media studies, including visual communication, web design, video and digital marketing, at a time when online digital communication is central to reaching the public.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siv Hilde Berg
- Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Kjell Arholmsgate 43, 4021, Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Jane K O'Hara
- Faculty of Medicine & Health, School of Healthcare, University of Leeds, Leeds, England
| | - Marie Therese Shortt
- Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Kjell Arholmsgate 43, 4021, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Henriette Thune
- Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Kjell Arholmsgate 43, 4021, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Kolbjørn Kallesten Brønnick
- Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Kjell Arholmsgate 43, 4021, Stavanger, Norway
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine (SESAM), Helse Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Daniel Adrian Lungu
- Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Kjell Arholmsgate 43, 4021, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Jo Røislien
- Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Kjell Arholmsgate 43, 4021, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Siri Wiig
- Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Kjell Arholmsgate 43, 4021, Stavanger, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Zhou Y, Chen S, Liao Y, Wu Q, Ma Y, Wang D, Wang X, Li M, Wang Y, Wang Y, Liu Y, Liu T, Yang WFZ. General Perception of Doctor-Patient Relationship From Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic in China: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Public Health 2021; 9:646486. [PMID: 34295863 PMCID: PMC8290183 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.646486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The doctor–patient relationship (DPR) is essential in the process of medical consultations and treatments. Poor DPR may lead to poor medical outcomes, medical violence against doctors, and a negative perception of the healthcare system. Little is known about how DPR is affected during this novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the DPR during the COVID-19 pandemic. There were 1,903 participants in China (95% response rate) who were recruited during the pandemic online via convenience and snowball sampling. Several questionnaires were used to evaluate participants' attitudes toward DPR, including the Patient–Doctor Relationship Questionnaire (PDRQ-9), Chinese Wake Forest Physician Trust Scale (C-WFPTS), a survey on medical violence against doctors, factors that affect and improve DPR, and general trust in medical services. Results revealed that DPR improved, and doctor–patient trust increased compared to participants' retrospective attitude before the pandemic. In addition, patients' violence against doctors decreased during the pandemic. Better doctor–patient trust and lower violence toward doctors are related to better DPR. Furthermore, we found that the main factors that could improve DPR include communication between doctors and patients, medical technology and services, and medical knowledge for patients. This study helped to better understand DPR in China, which may contribute to future health policies and medical practices in order to improve DPR and doctor–patient trust.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Hunan Brain Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Shubao Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanhui Liao
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiuxia Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuejiao Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dongfang Wang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Xuyi Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Manyun Li
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yunfei Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yueheng Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tieqiao Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Winson Fu Zun Yang
- Department of Psychological Sciences, College of Arts & Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|