1
|
Leitner U, Brits A, Xu D, Patil S, Sun J. Efficacy of probiotics on improvement of health outcomes in cirrhotic liver disease patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 981:176874. [PMID: 39121983 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Liver cirrhosis is a chronic condition of the liver and is the 14th most common cause of death around the world; yet it remains an incurable disease. Probiotics have gained significant popularity as a potential treatment option for liver cirrhosis. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effects of probiotics on liver cirrhosis. PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register for Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and ProQuest Dissertation and Thesis were searched from 2000 to January 2024 for studies that evaluated the effects of probiotics on a variety of outcomes of liver disease. RESULTS A total of 22 randomised controlled trial studies were included in the meta-analysis. Probiotics significantly decreased Gamma-glutamyl transferase (effect size: 0.307, p = 0.024, 95% CI [-0.572, -0.040]) and Aspartate aminotransferase (p = 0.013, 95% CI [-17.927, -2.128]). Significant reduction in serum ammonia levels (effect size = -1.093, p = 0.000, 95% CI [-1.764, -0.423]) and endotoxin levels (effect size = -0.961, p = 0.000, 95% CI [-1.537, -0.385]) were also found. SUMMARY Overall probiotics could be recommended as a potential adjunct therapy for patients with cirrhosis, as they appear to have some benefit in improving liver function, and are well tolerated with minimal adverse effects. More comprehensive research with larger sample sizes is recommended to understand more about the widespread effects of probiotic use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Unnah Leitner
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4215. Australia
| | - Anita Brits
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4215. Australia
| | - Dawei Xu
- Rural Health Research Institute, Charles Sturt University, New South Wales, NSW 2800, Australia; School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4215. Australia
| | - Sasha Patil
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4215. Australia
| | - Jing Sun
- Rural Health Research Institute, Charles Sturt University, New South Wales, NSW 2800, Australia; School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4215. Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Matin SS, Shidfar F, Naderi N, Amin A, Hosseini-Baharanchi FS, Dehnad A. The impact of synbiotic on serum sCD163/sTWEAK, paraoxonase 1, and lipoproteins in patients with chronic heart failure: a randomized, triple-blind, controlled trial. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19120. [PMID: 39155305 PMCID: PMC11330970 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69560-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Evidence suggests that alterations in the gut microbiome could play a role in cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of synbiotics on serum paraoxonase 1(PON1), soluble CD163/soluble TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (sCD163/sTWEAK), and lipid profile, which are involved in heart failure in patients with chronic heart failure. In this triple-blind randomized clinical trial, 90 eligible patients were included in the study. They were randomly assigned to receive one capsule (500 mg) of synbiotics or a placebo daily for ten weeks. Serum PON1, sCD163/sTWEAK, and lipid profiles were measured at the beginning and end of the study. The data were analyzed by SPSS 24, and the p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Among 90 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 80 completed the study. The primary outcomes showed a small effect on sTWEAK, with an adjusted standard mean difference (SMD) of 0.2. However, no significant changes were observed in sCD163/sTWEAK (SMD: 0.16). Secondary outcomes indicated no changes in PON1, total cholesterol (TC), or LDL-C levels. However, there was an increase in HDL-C levels (adjusted SMD: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.02-0.91) and a decrease in TG and TC/HDL levels (adjusted SMD: - 0.5 and - 0.3, respectively) in the synbiotic group. A favorable effect of synbiotics on sTWEAK, HDL, TG, and TC/HDL of patients with heart failure was observed, but no statistically significant effect was found on sCD163/sTWEAK, PON1, LDL, and TC factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shakiba Shoaei Matin
- Nutritional Sciences Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Shidfar
- Nutritional Sciences Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nasim Naderi
- Rajaie Cardiovascular, Medical, and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Amin
- Rajaie Cardiovascular, Medical, and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadat Hosseini-Baharanchi
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Dehnad
- Department of Medical Education, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Center for Educational Research in Medical Sciences (CERMS), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gryaznova M, Smirnova Y, Burakova I, Syromyatnikov M, Chizhkov P, Popov E, Popov V. Changes in the Human Gut Microbiome Caused by the Short-Term Impact of Lactic Acid Bacteria Consumption in Healthy People. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024; 16:1240-1250. [PMID: 37365419 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10111-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome is one of the main factors affecting human health. It has been proven that probiotics can regulate the metabolism in the host body. A large number of people use probiotics not as medicines, but as a prophylactic supplement. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of lactic acid bacteria on the gut microbiome of healthy people using the V3 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Our study showed changes in the generic composition in the gut of healthy people when taking the supplement. There was an increase in the members responsible for the production of short-chain fatty acids in the gut of the host (Blautia, Fusicatenibacter, Eubacterium hallii group, Ruminococcus), as well as bacteria that improve intestinal homeostasis (Dorea and Barnesiella). There was also a decrease in the abundance of bacteria in the genera Catenibacterium, Hungatella, Escherichia-Shigella, and Pseudomonas, associated with an unhealthy profile of the human gut microbiome. An increase in members of the phylum Actinobacteriota was also observed, which has a positive effect on the host organism. Our results indicate that short-term prophylactic use of lactic acid bacteria-based supplements can be effective, as it contributes to a beneficial effect on the gut microbiome of healthy people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariya Gryaznova
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394036, Voronezh, Russia
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018, Voronezh, Russia
| | - Yuliya Smirnova
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394036, Voronezh, Russia
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018, Voronezh, Russia
| | - Inna Burakova
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394036, Voronezh, Russia
| | - Mikhail Syromyatnikov
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394036, Voronezh, Russia.
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018, Voronezh, Russia.
| | - Pavel Chizhkov
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018, Voronezh, Russia
| | - Evgeny Popov
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394036, Voronezh, Russia
| | - Vasily Popov
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394036, Voronezh, Russia
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018, Voronezh, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hasani-Ranjbar S, Hoseini Tavassol Z, Malmir H, Ejtahed HS, Tajabadi Ebrahimi M, Larijani B. Investigation of the probiotic supplement's effect on obese adults demonstrated a reduction in fasting insulin levels: a double-blind randomized clinical trial. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2024; 23:1141-1149. [PMID: 38932862 PMCID: PMC11196508 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-024-01400-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Purpose Regarding the importance of obesity concerns and trying to help obese individuals, we planned to develop an effective probiotic formula for weight control. So, this double-blind randomized clinical trial study investigated the impact of probiotics supplementation on anthropometric and biochemical parameters in obese adults. Methods In this study, 66 obese patients with BMI in the range of 30-40 kg/m2, were enrolled and randomly assigned to either the probiotic or placebo group. They all received advice to maintain a reduction in daily caloric intake and for 3 months received two unlabeled placebo or probiotic (Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium langum) capsules per day. For each participant demographic and medical history questionnaire, semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and modifiable activity questionnaire (MAQ) were completed at the beginning of the study and anthropometric and biochemical measurements were done before and after intervention. Results At the end of the trial 25 subjects in the probiotic group and 26 subjects in the placebo group were analyzed. After the intervention, in the probiotic group, the level of fasting insulin was reduced significantly (P < 0.05). Weight, body mass index, waist circumference, and hip circumference decreased within both groups. This reduction amount's mean was higher in the probiotic group. Also, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL levels were decreased, but not statistically significant. Conclusion This study may suggest the potential of this combined probiotic supplement for treating obesity and related metabolic disorders. However, further researches are warranted for a definitive determination of its properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Hasani-Ranjbar
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Hoseini Tavassol
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanieh Malmir
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu X, Zhao H, Wong A. Accounting for the health risk of probiotics. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27908. [PMID: 38510031 PMCID: PMC10950733 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Probiotics have long been associated with a myriad of health benefits, so much so that their adverse effects whether mild or severe, are often neglected or overshadowed by the enormous volume of articles describing their beneficial effects in the current literature. Recent evidence has demonstrated several health risks of probiotics that warrant serious reconsideration of their applications and further investigations. This review aims to highlight studies that report on how probiotics might cause opportunistic systemic and local infections, detrimental immunological effects, metabolic disturbance, allergic reactions, and facilitating the spread of antimicrobial resistance. To offer a recent account of the literature, articles within the last five years were prioritized. The narration of these evidence was based on the nature of the studies in the following order of preference: clinical studies or human samples, in vivo or animal models, in situ, in vitro and/or in silico. We hope that this review will inform consumers, food scientists, and medical practitioners, on the health risks, while also encouraging research that will focus on and clarify the adverse effects of probiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyi Liu
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, 88 Daxue Road, Ouhai, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325060, China
- Department of Biology, Dorothy and George Hennings College of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Kean, University, 1000 Morris Ave, Union, NJ, 07083, USA
| | - Haiyi Zhao
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, 88 Daxue Road, Ouhai, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325060, China
- Department of Biology, Dorothy and George Hennings College of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Kean, University, 1000 Morris Ave, Union, NJ, 07083, USA
| | - Aloysius Wong
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, 88 Daxue Road, Ouhai, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325060, China
- Department of Biology, Dorothy and George Hennings College of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Kean, University, 1000 Morris Ave, Union, NJ, 07083, USA
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Lab for Applied Biomedical and Biopharmaceutical Informatics, Ouhai, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325060, China
- Zhejiang Bioinformatics International Science and Technology Cooperation Center, Ouhai, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325060, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rasaei N, Heidari M, Esmaeili F, Khosravi S, Baeeri M, Tabatabaei-Malazy O, Emamgholipour S. The effects of prebiotic, probiotic or synbiotic supplementation on overweight/obesity indicators: an umbrella review of the trials' meta-analyses. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1277921. [PMID: 38572479 PMCID: PMC10987746 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1277921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background There is controversial data on the effects of prebiotic, probiotic, or synbiotic supplementations on overweight/obesity indicators. Thus, we aimed to clarify this role of biotics through an umbrella review of the trials' meta-analyses. Methods All meta-analyses of the clinical trials conducted on the impact of biotics on overweight/obesity indicators in general populations, pregnant women, and infants published until June 2023 in PubMed, Web of Sciences, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane Library web databases included. The meta-analysis of observational and systematic review studies without meta-analysis were excluded. We reported the results by implementing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) flowchart. The Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews-2 (AMSTAR2) and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) systems were used to assess the methodological quality and quality of evidence. Results Overall, 97 meta-analysis studies were included. Most studies were conducted on the effect of probiotics in both genders. Consumption of prebiotic: 8-66 g/day, probiotic: 104 -1.35×1015 colony-forming unit (CFU)/day, and synbiotic: 106-1.5×1011 CFU/day and 0.5-300 g/day for 2 to 104 weeks showed a favorable effect on the overweight/obesity indicators. Moreover, an inverse association was observed between biotics consumption and overweight/obesity risk in adults in most of the studies. Biotics did not show any beneficial effect on weight and body mass index (BMI) in pregnant women by 6.6×105-1010 CFU/day of probiotics during 1-25 weeks and 1×109-112.5×109 CFU/capsule of synbiotics during 4-8 weeks. The effect of biotics on weight and BMI in infants is predominantly non-significant. Prebiotics and probiotics used in infancy were from 0.15 to 0.8 g/dL and 2×106-6×109 CFU/day for 2-24 weeks, respectively. Conclusion It seems biotics consumption can result in favorable impacts on some anthropometric indices of overweight/obesity (body weight, BMI, waist circumference) in the general population, without any significant effects on birth weight or weight gain during pregnancy and infancy. So, it is recommended to intake the biotics as complementary medications for reducing anthropometric indices of overweight/obese adults. However, more well-designed trials are needed to elucidate the anti-obesity effects of specific strains of probiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Rasaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Heidari
- Student Research Committee, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fataneh Esmaeili
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepehr Khosravi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Baeeri
- Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ozra Tabatabaei-Malazy
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Solaleh Emamgholipour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Duan Y, Wang L, Ma Y, Ning L, Zhang X. A meta-analysis of the therapeutic effect of probiotic intervention in obese or overweight adolescents. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1335810. [PMID: 38352715 PMCID: PMC10861773 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1335810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background & aims Existing evidence on the possible effects of probiotics on obese or overweight adolescents has not been fully established. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the effects of probiotic supplementation on anthropometric indices, inflammatory markers and metabolic indices in obese or overweight adolescents. Methods The literature up to March 2023 related to probiotic intervention in obese or overweight adolescents was searched and screened from multiple databases, including the CNKI(China national knowledge infrastructure), CBM(Chinese biomedical literature database), PubMed, EmBase, and Cochrane library databases. All randomized controlled trials using probiotic supplements in obese or overweight adolescents were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Results A total of 8 studies that met the inclusion criteria were included in this study. There were 201 cases in the experimental group (probiotic treatment) and 190 cases in the control group. Compared to the control group, probiotic intervention in adolescents resulted in a decrease in body mass index, fasting blood glucose and C-reactive protein with WMD(Weighted mean difference) and 95% CI of -2.53 (-4.8 to -0.26) kg/m2, -0.80 (-1.13 to -0.47) mol/L and -0.24 (-0.43 to -0.05) mg/L, respectively. No significant changes were found in weight, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, insulin, Homeostatic Model Assessment of insulin resistance, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor alpha and so on; however, an unfavorable elevated effect in total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoproteins was detected with WMD and 95% CI of 0.06 (0.02 to 0.09) mmol/L, 0.18 (0.14 to 0.21) mmol/L, and 0.19 (0.18 to 0.20) mmol/L, respectively. Conclusion According to our results, probiotic supplementation was beneficial in managing metabolic indicators such as fasting blood glucose, body mass index and inflammation-related C-reactive protein in overweight or obese adolescents. Further large scale studies are warranted to confirm present findings and to identify the effects and mechanisms to provide more precise evidence for clinical intervention. Systematic review registration doi: 10.37766/inplasy2024.1.0081, identifier INPLASY202410081.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqing Duan
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Lanping Wang
- Department of Operating Room, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Ning
- Department of Case Room, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Xinhuan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Baba Y, Saito Y, Kadowaki M, Azuma N, Tsuge D. Effect of Continuous Ingestion of Bifidobacteria and Inulin on Reducing Body Fat: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group Comparison Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:5025. [PMID: 38140284 PMCID: PMC10745352 DOI: 10.3390/nu15245025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis GCL2505 has been shown to have several positive health effects, including improved defecation frequency and reduced visceral fat. It is known that combined intake of GCL2505 and inulin increases the total number of bifidobacteria compared with ingestion of GCL2505 alone. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study was conducted to confirm that consumption of GCL2505 and inulin reduces abdominal fat (n = 120). Participants consumed a test beverage containing 1 × 1010 colony-forming units of GCL2505 per 100 g and 2.0 g of inulin per 100 g for 12 weeks. A change in the visceral fat area (VFA) was set as the primary endpoint. There were significant reductions in VFA and total fat area. The intervention significantly increased the total number of bifidobacteria and affected the levels of several lipid markers. Regression analysis of bifidobacteria and measured parameters showed that total bifidobacteria correlated with VFA and body mass index (BMI), while endogenous bifidobacteria and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis correlated only with BMI, suggesting that increases in both contributed to the decrease in VFA. These results suggest that combined intake of GCL2505 and inulin improves the intestinal environment and reduces abdominal fat in association with the SCFA-mediated pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhei Baba
- Dairy Business Division, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., 4-6-5 Utajima, Nishiyodogawa-Ku, Osaka 555-8502, Japan
| | - Yasuo Saito
- R&D Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., 4-6-5 Utajima, Nishiyodogawa-Ku, Osaka 555-8502, Japan; (Y.S.); (M.K.); (N.A.)
| | - Mei Kadowaki
- R&D Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., 4-6-5 Utajima, Nishiyodogawa-Ku, Osaka 555-8502, Japan; (Y.S.); (M.K.); (N.A.)
| | - Naoki Azuma
- R&D Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., 4-6-5 Utajima, Nishiyodogawa-Ku, Osaka 555-8502, Japan; (Y.S.); (M.K.); (N.A.)
| | - Daisuke Tsuge
- Shinagawa Season Terrace Health Care Clinic, Shinagawa Season Terrace (5F), 1-2-70 Konan, Minato-Ku, Tokyo 108-0075, Japan;
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li Z, Li Y, Pan B, Wang X, Wu Y, Guo K, Yang M, Ma M, Qiao C, Yang K. The Effects of Oral Probiotic Supplementation in Postmenopausal Women with Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023; 15:1567-1582. [PMID: 36576686 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-10037-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbiota has been identified as a unique endocrine organ linked to the development of cardiovascular disease and other illnesses, especially deteriorated in overweight and obese postmenopausal women. The object of this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the effects of oral supplementation with probiotics for overweight and obese postmenopausal women. We performed a systematic search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from inception to April 2022 in MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov. We also performed a hand search by reviewing reference lists to identify trials. The risk of bias in individual studies was assessed with the Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized trials (RoB). Two reviewers independently selected studies and collected data. There were 6 studies from 5 RCTs with 281 participants in this systematic review. Compared with the placebo, the probiotics supplementation group had reductions in insulin (MD - 4.20 IU/L (95% CI - 8.11 to - 0.30 IU/L), I2 = 54%), HOMA-IR (MD - 1.25 (95% CI - 2.49 to - 0.01), I2 = 50%), and TNF-α (MD - 0.12 pg/mL (95% CI - 0.22 to - 0.01 pg/mL), I2 = 44%). Improvements were also shown in body adiposity and lipid profile, but these effects were nonsignificant. In addition to body adiposity and cardiovascular risk markers, one trial showed the administration of probiotics also had an effect on iron metabolism. In conclusion, probiotics have a potential benefit on glucose metabolism and inflammatory process in overweight and obese postmenopausal women, but this effect is mild. It demonstrates that oral probiotics supplementation can be a complementary treatment for improving the fitness of postmenopausal women with overweight and obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Li
- Evidence Based Social Science Research Center/Health Technology Assessment Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanfei Li
- Evidence Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bei Pan
- Evidence Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoman Wang
- Evidence Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yu Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ke Guo
- Evidence Based Social Science Research Center/Health Technology Assessment Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Minyan Yang
- Evidence Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mina Ma
- Evidence Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chengdong Qiao
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Kehu Yang
- Evidence Based Social Science Research Center/Health Technology Assessment Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
- Evidence Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Faghfouri AH, Afrakoti LGMP, Kavyani Z, Nogourani ZS, Musazadeh V, Jafarlou M, Dehghan P. The role of probiotic supplementation in inflammatory biomarkers in adults: an umbrella meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:2253-2268. [PMID: 37698776 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01332-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite the increasing evidence for probiotics' anti-inflammatory effects, the results of meta-analyses remain inconsistent. The present umbrella meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effects of probiotic supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers. METHODS We performed a wide-ranging systematic search in several databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, and Google Scholar up to April 2023. The overall effect sizes were calculated using effect size (ES) values and their corresponding confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS Out of a total of 580 related articles, 39 studies were qualified for inclusion in the analysis. The results of the analysis revealed a significant reduction of C-reactive protein (CRP) (ES = -1.02; 95% CI: -1.23, -0.80, p < 0.001; I2: 94.1%, p < 0.001), TNF-α (ES = -0.35; 95% CI: -0.50, -0.20, p < 0.001; I2: 75.6%, p < 0.001), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels (ES = -0.36; 95% CI: -0.59, -0.13, p = 0.002; I2: 85.6%, p < 0.001), following probiotic supplementation. CONCLUSION Probiotic supplementation significantly reduced serum concentrations of TNF-a, CRP, and IL-6. Thus, probiotic supplementation can be considered adjuvant therapy to alleviate inflammation in various inflammatory conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Faghfouri
- Maternal and Childhood Obesity Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Zeynab Kavyani
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- School of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Vali Musazadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- School of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Jafarlou
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Parvin Dehghan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mirzai S, Laffin LJ. Supplements for Lipid Lowering: What Does the Evidence Show? Curr Cardiol Rep 2023; 25:795-805. [PMID: 37300664 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-023-01903-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this review, the regulation, proposed hypolipidemic mechanism, and efficacy of common dietary supplements (DSs) marketed for cardiovascular health are discussed. RECENT FINDINGS Data demonstrate modest but inconsistent lipid-lowering effects with common DSs such as probiotics, soluble fibers, plant sterols, green tea, berberine, guggul, niacin, and garlic. Furthermore, data is limited regarding turmeric, hawthorn, and cinnamon. Red yeast rice has shown to be a beneficial DS, but its safety and efficacy are dependent upon its production quality and monacolin K content, respectively. Finally, soy proteins and omega-3 fatty acid-rich foods can have significant health benefits if used to displace other animal products as part of a healthier diet. Despite the rising use of DSs, data demonstrate unpredictable results. Patients should be educated on the difference between these DSs and evidence-based lipid-lowering medications proven to improve cardiovascular outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Mirzai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Luke J Laffin
- Section of Preventive Cardiology and Rehabilitation, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Mail Code JB1, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Laue C, Papazova E, Pannenbeckers A, Schrezenmeir J. Effect of a Probiotic and a Synbiotic on Body Fat Mass, Body Weight and Traits of Metabolic Syndrome in Individuals with Abdominal Overweight: A Human, Double-Blind, Randomised, Controlled Clinical Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:3039. [PMID: 37447365 DOI: 10.3390/nu15133039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
L. fermentum strains K7-Lb1, K8-Lb1 and K11-Lb3 were found to suppress Th1 and Th2 response and to enhance defensin release by enterocytes, respectively. Based on these anti-inflammatory actions, we investigated the effect of these strains on traits of metabolic syndrome, which is driven by low-grade inflammation. In a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trial with three parallel arms, 180 individuals with abdominal overweight were administered for 3 months with (1) placebo; (2) probiotic, comprising L. fermentum strains; or (3) synbiotic, comprising the strains + acacia gum (10 g daily). The effects were evaluated using Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance on ranks and post hoc tests (Holm-Sidak and Dunn's tests). The alteration (∆) in body fat mass (kg) (primary parameter) during intervention was significantly (p = 0.039) more pronounced in the Probiotic group (-0.61 ± 1.94; mean ± SD) compared with the Placebo group (+0.13 ± 1.64). Accordingly, differences were found in ∆ body weight (p = 0.012), BMI (p = 0.011), waist circumference (p = 0.03), waist-to-height ratio (p = 0.033), visceral adipose tissue (SAD) (p < 0.001) and liver steatosis grade (LSG) (p < 0.001), as assessed using sonography. In the Synbiotic group, ∆SAD (p = 0.002), ∆LSG (p < 0.001) and ∆constipation score (p = 0.009) were improved compared with Placebo. The probiotic mixture and the synbiotic improved the parameters associated with overweight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Laue
- Clinical Research Center Kiel, Kiel Center of Innovation and Technology, Schauenburgstraße 116, D-24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Ekaterina Papazova
- Clinical Research Center Kiel, Kiel Center of Innovation and Technology, Schauenburgstraße 116, D-24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Angelika Pannenbeckers
- Clinical Research Center Kiel, Kiel Center of Innovation and Technology, Schauenburgstraße 116, D-24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jürgen Schrezenmeir
- Clinical Research Center Kiel, Kiel Center of Innovation and Technology, Schauenburgstraße 116, D-24118 Kiel, Germany
- University Medicine, Johannes-Gutenberg University, D-55131 Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Maftei NM, Iancu AV, Elisei AM, Gurau TV, Ramos-Villarroel AY, Lisa EL. Functional Characterization of Fermented Beverages Based on Soy Milk and Sea Buckthorn Powder. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1493. [PMID: 37374995 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Limitations of dairy products, such as lactose intolerance, problems related to a high cholesterol intake in diet, malabsorption, and the requirement for cold storage facilities, as well as an increasing demand for new foods and tastes, have initiated a trend in the development of non-dairy probiotic products. The possibility of producing beverages based on soy milk, sea buckthorn powder, and fermented by Bifidobacterium bifidus (Bb-12®, Bb) strain at different temperatures (30 °C and 37 °C) was examined. Strain viability, pH, and titratable acidity were measured during the fermentation period while the viability, pH, titratable acidity, and water holding capacity were determined during the storage time at 4 °C ± 1 °C within 14 days. Additionally, the survival and stability of Bb-12®, inoculated into a functional beverage when exposed to simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, were assessed. The results obtained in this study revealed that the content of potent bioactive compounds in fermented soy milk and sea buckthorn powder depends on the processing conditions, the bacteria used in the fermentation step, and storage time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicoleta-Maricica Maftei
- Research Centre in the Medical-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy University "Dunărea de Jos", 800008 Galati, Romania
- Medical Laboratory Department, Clinical Hospital of Children Hospital "Sf. Ioan", 800487 Galati, Romania
| | - Alina-Viorica Iancu
- Research Centre in the Medical-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy University "Dunărea de Jos", 800008 Galati, Romania
- Medical Laboratory Department, Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases "Sf. Cuvioasa Parascheva", 800179 Galati, Romania
| | - Alina Mihaela Elisei
- Research Centre in the Medical-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy University "Dunărea de Jos", 800008 Galati, Romania
| | - Tudor Vladimir Gurau
- Research Centre in the Medical-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy University "Dunărea de Jos", 800008 Galati, Romania
| | - Ana Yndira Ramos-Villarroel
- School of Science of Agro and Environment, Campus the Guaritos, University of Oriente, Av. University, Maturín 6201, Venezuela
| | - Elena Lacramioara Lisa
- Research Centre in the Medical-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy University "Dunărea de Jos", 800008 Galati, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Aziz M, Hemeda SA, Albadrani GM, Fadl SE, Elgendey F. Ameliorating effect of probiotic on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and lipolytic gene expression in rabbits. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6312. [PMID: 37072469 PMCID: PMC10113232 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32584-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a condition that affects about 24% of people worldwide. Increased liver fat, inflammation, and, in the most severe cases, cell death are all characteristics of NAFLD. However, NAFLD pathogenesis and therapy are still not clear enough. Thus, this study aimed to determine the effect of a high-cholesterol diet (HCD) inducing NAFLD on lipolytic gene expression, liver function, lipid profile, and antioxidant enzymes in rabbits and the modulatory effects of probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) on it. A total of 45 male New Zealand white rabbits, eight weeks old, were randomly divided into three groups of three replicates (5 rabbits/replicate). Rabbits in group I were given a basal diet; rabbits in group II were given a high-cholesterol diet that caused NAFLD; and rabbits in group III were given a high-cholesterol diet as well as probiotics in water for 8 weeks. The results showed that a high-cholesterol diet caused hepatic vacuolation and upregulated the genes for lipoprotein lipase (LPL), hepatic lipase (HL), and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP). Downregulated low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLr) gene, increased liver enzymes [alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)], cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), glucose, and total bilirubin. On the other hand, it decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL), total protein, albumin, and liver antioxidants [glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD)]. Supplementing with probiotics helped to return all parameters to normal levels. In conclusion, probiotic supplementation, especially L. acidophilus, protected against NAFLD, and restored lipolytic gene expression, liver functions, and antioxidants to normal levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Aziz
- Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Banha, Egypt
| | - Shabaan A Hemeda
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ghadeer M Albadrani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabreen E Fadl
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Matrouh, Egypt.
| | - Fatma Elgendey
- Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Banha, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zheng Y, Zhang L, Bonfili L, de Vivo L, Eleuteri AM, Bellesi M. Probiotics Supplementation Attenuates Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Induced by Chronic Sleep Restriction. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061518. [PMID: 36986248 PMCID: PMC10054086 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Insufficient sleep is a serious public health problem in modern society. It leads to increased risk of chronic diseases, and it has been frequently associated with cellular oxidative damage and widespread low-grade inflammation. Probiotics have been attracting increasing interest recently for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Here, we tested the ability of probiotics to contrast oxidative stress and inflammation induced by sleep loss. Methods: We administered a multi-strain probiotic formulation (SLAB51) or water to normal sleeping mice and to mice exposed to 7 days of chronic sleep restriction (CSR). We quantified protein, lipid, and DNA oxidation as well as levels of gut-brain axis hormones and pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the brain and plasma. Furthermore, we carried out an evaluation of microglia morphology and density in the mouse cerebral cortex. Results: We found that CSR induced oxidative stress and inflammation and altered gut-brain axis hormones. SLAB51 oral administration boosted the antioxidant capacity of the brain, thus limiting the oxidative damage provoked by loss of sleep. Moreover, it positively regulated gut-brain axis hormones and reduced peripheral and brain inflammation induced by CSR. Conclusions: Probiotic supplementation can be a possible strategy to counteract oxidative stress and inflammation promoted by sleep loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Zheng
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Luyan Zhang
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Laura Bonfili
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Luisa de Vivo
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Eleuteri
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Michele Bellesi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gorbenko AV, Skirdenko YP, Andreev KA, Fedorin MM, Nikolaev NA, Livzan MA. Microbiota and Cardiovascular Diseases: Mechanisms of Influence and Correction Possibilities. RATIONAL PHARMACOTHERAPY IN CARDIOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.20996/1819-6446-2023-01-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The term "microbiota" refers to the microbial community occupying a specific habitat with defined physical and chemical properties and forming specific ecological niches. The adult intestinal microbiota is diverse. It mainly consists of bacteria of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes types. The link between the gut microbiota and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is being actively discussed. Rapid progress in this field is explained by the development of new generation sequencing methods and the use of sterile gut mice in experiments. More and more data are being published about the influence of microbiota on the development and course of hypertension, coronary heart disease (IHD), myocardial hypertrophy, chronic heart failure (CHF) and atrial fibrillation (AF). Diet therapy, antibacterial drugs, pro- and prebiotics are successfully used as tools to correct the structure of the gut microbiota of the macroorganism. Correction of gut microbiota in an experiment on rats with coronary occlusion demonstrates a significant reduction in necrotic area. A study involving patients suffering from CHF reveals a significant reduction in the level of uric acid, highly sensitive C-reactive protein, and creatinine. In addition to structural and laboratory changes in patients with CVD when modifying the microbiota of the gut, also revealed the effect on the course of arterial hypertension. Correction of gut microbiota has a beneficial effect on the course of AF. We assume that further active study of issues of influence and interaction of gut microbiota and macroorganism may in the foreseeable future make significant adjustments in approaches to treatment of such patients.
Collapse
|
17
|
Purdel C, Ungurianu A, Adam-Dima I, Margină D. Exploring the potential impact of probiotic use on drug metabolism and efficacy. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114468. [PMID: 36868015 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are frequently consumed as functional food and widely used as dietary supplements, but are also recommended in treating or preventing various gastrointestinal diseases. Therefore, their co-administration with other drugs is sometimes unavoidable or even compulsory. Recent technological developments in the pharmaceutical industry permitted the development of novel drug-delivery systems for probiotics, allowing their addition to the therapy of severely ill patients. Literature data regarding the changes that probiotics could impose on the efficacy or safety of chronic medication is scarce. In this context, the present paper aims to review probiotics currently recommended by the international medical community, to evaluate the relationship between gut microbiota and various pathologies with high impact worldwide and, most importantly, to assess the literature reports concerning the ability of probiotics to influence the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of some widely used drugs, especially for those with narrow therapeutic indexes. A better understanding of the potential influence of probiotics on drug metabolism, efficacy and safety could contribute to improving therapy management, facilitating individualized therapy and updating treatment guidelines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Purdel
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Traian Vuia 6, Bucharest 020956, Romania
| | - Anca Ungurianu
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Traian Vuia 6, Bucharest 020956, Romania.
| | - Ines Adam-Dima
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Traian Vuia 6, Bucharest 020956, Romania
| | - Denisa Margină
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Traian Vuia 6, Bucharest 020956, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gut Microbiota and Coronary Artery Disease: Current Therapeutic Perspectives. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13020256. [PMID: 36837875 PMCID: PMC9963624 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiota is the community of microorganisms living in the human gut. This microbial ecosystem contains bacteria beneficial to their host and plays important roles in human physiology, participating in energy harvest from indigestible fiber, vitamin synthesis, and regulation of the immune system, among others. Accumulating evidence suggests a possible link between compositional and metabolic aberrations of the gut microbiota and coronary artery disease in humans. Manipulating the gut microbiota through targeted interventions is an emerging field of science, aiming at reducing the risk of disease. Among the interventions with the most promising results are probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) inhibitors. Contemporary studies of probiotics have shown an improvement of inflammation and endothelial cell function, paired with attenuated extracellular matrix remodeling and TMAO production. Lactobacilli, Bifidobacteria, and Bacteroides are some of the most well studied probiotics in experimental and clinical settings. Prebiotics may also decrease inflammation and lead to reductions in blood pressure, body weight, and hyperlipidemia. Synbiotics have been associated with an improvement in glucose homeostasis and lipid abnormalities. On the contrary, no evidence yet exists on the possible benefits of postbiotic use, while the use of antibiotics is not warranted, due to potentially deleterious effects. TMAO inhibitors such as 3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol, iodomethylcholine, and fluoromethylcholine, despite still being investigated experimentally, appear to possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-fibrotic properties. Finally, fecal transplantation carries conflicting evidence, mandating the need for further research. In the present review we summarize the links between the gut microbiota and coronary artery disease and elaborate on the varied therapeutic measures that are being explored in this context.
Collapse
|
19
|
Effects of Fermented Food Consumption on Non-Communicable Diseases. Foods 2023; 12:foods12040687. [PMID: 36832762 PMCID: PMC9956079 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal flora consists of several microbial strains in variable combinations in both healthy and sick humans. To prevent the risk of the onset of disease and perform normal metabolic and physiological functions with improved immunity, a balance between the host and gastrointestinal flora must be maintained. Disruption of the gut microbiota triggered by various factors causes several health problems, which promote the progression of diseases. Probiotics and fermented foods act as carriers of live environmental microbes and play a vital role in maintaining good health. These foods have a positive effect on the consumer by promoting gastrointestinal flora. Recent research suggests that the intestinal microbiome is important in reducing the risk of the onset of various chronic diseases, including cardiac disease, obesity, inflammatory bowel disease, several cancers, and type 2 diabetes. The review provides an updated knowledge base about the scientific literature addressing how fermented foods influence the consumer microbiome and promote good health with prevention of non-communicable diseases. In addition, the review proves that the consumption of fermented foods affects gastrointestinal flora in the short and long term and can be considered an important part of the diet.
Collapse
|
20
|
Barcelos STA, Silva-Sperb AS, Moraes HA, Longo L, de Moura BC, Michalczuk MT, Uribe-Cruz C, Cerski CTS, da Silveira TR, Dall'Alba V, Álvares-da-Silva MR. Oral 24-week probiotics supplementation did not decrease cardiovascular risk markers in patients with biopsy proven NASH: A double-blind placebo-controlled randomized study. Ann Hepatol 2023; 28:100769. [PMID: 36216309 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2022.100769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of death in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a clinical condition without any approved pharmacological therapy. Probiotics are often indicated for the disease, but their results are controversial in part due to the poor quality of studies. Thus, we investigated the impact of 24-week probiotics supplementation on cardiovascular risk (CVR) in biopsy-proven non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-center study (NCT03467282), adult NASH, randomized for 24 weeks daily sachets of probiotic mix (109CFU of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus paracasei and Bifidobacterium lactis) or placebo. Clinical scores (atherogenic indexes, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease-ASCVD and systematic coronary risk evaluation-SCORE), biochemistry, miR-122, miR-33a, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), were determined before and after the intervention. RESULTS Forty-six patients were enrolled (23 received probiotics and 23 placebo), with a mean age of 51.7 years, most of them females and whites. Clinical and demographic features were similar between the groups at the baseline. The Median NAFLD activity score was 4.13 in both groups. Fibrosis was mild in most patients (15.2% and 65.2% F0 and F1, respectively). Treatment did not promote any clinically significant changes in body mass index or laboratory, including lipid and glucose profile. High CVR patients through atherogenic indexes decreased from baseline in both groups, as well as PAI-1 and miR-122 levels, although there was no difference between probiotics and placebo. CONCLUSIONS A 24-week probiotic mix administration was not superior to placebo in reducing CVR markers in patients with NASH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Thifani Alrutz Barcelos
- Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Amanda Souza Silva-Sperb
- Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Helena Abadie Moraes
- Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Larisse Longo
- Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Experimental Laboratory of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Center for Experimental Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre 90035-903, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Bruna Concheski de Moura
- Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Matheus Truccolo Michalczuk
- Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Division of Gastroenterology, HCPA, Porto Alegre 90035-903, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Carolina Uribe-Cruz
- Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Experimental Laboratory of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Center for Experimental Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre 90035-903, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Carlos Thadeu Schmidt Cerski
- Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Unit of Surgical Pathology, HCPA, Porto Alegre 90035-903, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Themis Reverbel da Silveira
- Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Valesca Dall'Alba
- Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Experimental Laboratory of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Center for Experimental Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre 90035-903, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Division of Nutrition, HCPA, Porto Alegre 90035-903, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mário Reis Álvares-da-Silva
- Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Experimental Laboratory of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Center for Experimental Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre 90035-903, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Division of Gastroenterology, HCPA, Porto Alegre 90035-903, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kong CY, Li ZM, Chen HL, Mao YQ, Han B, Guo JJ, Wang LS. An Energy-Restricted Diet Including Yogurt, Fruit, and Vegetables Alleviates High-Fat Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Mice by Modulating the Gut Microbiota. J Nutr 2022; 152:2429-2440. [PMID: 36774109 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxac181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of the composition of an energy-restricted diet in the treatment of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is unknown. OBJECTIVES In this study we aimed to investigate the benefits of a novel dietary treatment (50% calorie restriction diet composed of yogurt, fruit, and vegetables [CR-YD]) in mice with MetS. METHODS Forty 7-wk-old male C57BL/6 J mice were randomly assigned to 4 groups (n = 10/group) that were fed for 14 wk ad libitum with a normal diet (ND; 10%:70%:20% energy from fat: carbohydrate: protein) or for 12 wk with a high-fat diet (HFD; 60:20:20) or the HFD followed by 2 wk of feeding with a 50% calorie-restricted HFD (CR-HFD) or YD (CR-YD, 21.2%:65.4%:13.4% energy). Body weight, fat deposition, hepatic steatosis, serum concentrations of inflammatory biomarkers, and glucose homeostasis were assessed. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was used to validate the roles of gut microbiota in MetS. RESULTS The HFD group had 50% greater body weight and 475% greater fat deposition than the ND group (P < 0.05). Compared with the HFD group, the CR-HFD and CR-YD groups had 22% and 31% lower body weight and 49% and 75% less fat deposition, respectively (P < 0.05). Compared with the CR-HFD group, the CR-YD group had 11% lower body weight, 96% less fat deposition, 500% less hepatic steatosis, 75% lower glucose, and 450% more hepatic Akkermansia bacteria (P < 0.05). The CR-YD group also had 50% lower histopathology scores and 1.35-fold higher levels of Claudin4 than the CR-HFD group (P < 0.05). The HFD + CR-YD fecal group had 10.6% lower body weight, 119% lower steatosis, and 17.9% lower glucose (P < 0.05) than the HFD + CR-HFD fecal group. CONCLUSIONS Compared with CR alone, the CR-YD diet has a better therapeutic effect in mice with HFD-induced MetS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yue Kong
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Gut Microbiota, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhan-Ming Li
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Gut Microbiota, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Ling Chen
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Gut Microbiota, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Qin Mao
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Gut Microbiota, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Han
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Gut Microbiota, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Jun Guo
- Sports and Medicine Integration Center, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, China.
| | - Li-Shun Wang
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Gut Microbiota, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Dandekar MP, Palepu MSK, Satti S, Jaiswal Y, Singh AA, Dash SP, Gajula SNR, Sonti R. Multi-strain Probiotic Formulation Reverses Maternal Separation and Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress-Generated Anxiety- and Depression-like Phenotypes by Modulating Gut Microbiome-Brain Activity in Rats. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:1948-1965. [PMID: 35735411 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a debilitating mental disorder that affects >322 million people worldwide. Despite the availability of several antidepressant agents, many patients remain treatment refractory. A growing literature study has indicated the role of gut microbiota in neuropsychiatric disorders. Herein, we examined the psychobiotic-like activity of multi-strain probiotic formulation in maternal separation (MS) and chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) models of anxiety- and depression-like phenotypes in Sprague-Dawley rats. Early- and late-life stress was employed in both male and female rats by exposing them to MS and CUMS. The multi-strain probiotic formulation (Cognisol) containing Bacillus coagulans Unique IS-2, Lactobacillus plantarum UBLP-40, Lactobacillus rhamnosus UBLR-58, Bifidobacterium lactis UBBLa-70, Bifidobacterium breve UBBr-01, and Bifidobacterium infantis UBBI-01 at a total strength of 10 billion cfu along with l-glutamine was administered for 6 weeks via drinking water. Neurobehavioral assessment was done using the forced swim test (FST), sucrose preference test (SPT), elevated plus maze (EPM), and open field test (OFT). Animals were sacrificed after behavioral assessment, and blood, brain, and intestine samples were collected to analyze the levels of cytokines, metabolites, and neurotransmitters and histology. Animals exposed to stress showed increased passivity, consumed less sucrose solution, and minimally explored the open arms in the FST, SPT, and EPM, respectively. Administration of multi-strain probiotics along with l-glutamine for 6 weeks ameliorated the behavioral abnormalities. The locomotor activity of animals in the OFT and their body weight remained unchanged across the groups. Cognisol treatment reversed the decreased BDNF and serotonin levels and increased CRP, TNF-α, and dopamine levels in the hippocampus and/or frontal cortex. Administration of Cognisol also restored the plasma levels of l-tryptophan, l-kynurenine, kynurenic-acid, and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid; the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroides ratio; the levels of acetate, propionate, and butyrate in fecal samples; the villi/crypt ratio; and the goblet cell count, which manifested in the restoration of intestinal functions. We suggest that the multi-strain probiotic and glutamine formulation (Cognisol) ameliorated the MS + UCMS-generated anxiety- and depression-like phenotypes by reshaping the gut microbiome-brain activity in both sexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manoj P Dandekar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Mani Surya Kumar Palepu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Srilakshmi Satti
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Yash Jaiswal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Aditya A Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Surya Prakash Dash
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Siva Nageswara Rao Gajula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Rajesh Sonti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Frappier M, Auclair J, Bouasker S, Gunaratnam S, Diarra C, Millette M. Screening and Characterization of Some Lactobacillaceae for Detection of Cholesterol-Lowering Activities. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2022; 14:873-883. [PMID: 35704269 PMCID: PMC9474388 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-09959-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Dyslipidemia, specifically abnormal levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), is an important risk factor of cardiovascular disease. Evidence showing the promising abilities of probiotics to lower total cholesterol or LDL-C has, however, not yet convinced experts to recommend probiotic bacteria as treatment for blood lipid management. Therefore, there are opportunities for the development of new efficient cholesterol-lowering probiotics. Bile salt hydrolase (BSH) and feruloyl esterase (FAE) are bacterial enzymes proposed to explain the cholesterol-lowering capacity of some bacteria and have both been shown to be responsible for lipid reduction in vivo. Here, in order to select for cholesterol-lowering bacteria, 70 strains related to Lactobacillaceae were screened for BSH and FAE activities. Based on this two-way screening approach, two bacteria were selected and assessed for their capacity to assimilate cholesterol in vitro, another suggested mechanism. Lactobacillus acidophilus CL1285 showed BSH and FAE activity as well as capacity to assimilate cholesterol in vitro. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CHOL-200 exhibited BSH activity and ability to assimilate cholesterol. These properties observed in vitro make both strains good probiotic candidates for the management of dyslipidemia. Further investigation is needed to assess their ability to reduce blood cholesterol in human trial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Frappier
- Bio-K Plus International Inc., a Kerry Company, 495 Armand-Frappier Boulevard, Laval, QC, H7V 4B3, Canada
| | - Julie Auclair
- Bio-K Plus International Inc., a Kerry Company, 495 Armand-Frappier Boulevard, Laval, QC, H7V 4B3, Canada
| | - Samir Bouasker
- Bio-K Plus International Inc., a Kerry Company, 495 Armand-Frappier Boulevard, Laval, QC, H7V 4B3, Canada
| | - Sathursha Gunaratnam
- Bio-K Plus International Inc., a Kerry Company, 495 Armand-Frappier Boulevard, Laval, QC, H7V 4B3, Canada
| | - Carine Diarra
- Bio-K Plus International Inc., a Kerry Company, 495 Armand-Frappier Boulevard, Laval, QC, H7V 4B3, Canada
| | - Mathieu Millette
- Bio-K Plus International Inc., a Kerry Company, 495 Armand-Frappier Boulevard, Laval, QC, H7V 4B3, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Anti-obesity properties of probiotics; a considerable medical nutrition intervention: Findings from an umbrella meta-analysis. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 928:175069. [PMID: 35659967 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Although several studies have indicated that consumption of probiotics is effective in the treatment of obesity, the results in this regard have yielded controversial findings. The current umbrella meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the effects of probiotics supplementation on obesity indices in adults. Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Google Scholar were searched for relevant studies published till November 2021. Meta-analysis was conducted using the random-effects model. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were performed. In total, 29 meta-analyses with 14,366 participants, including 112, 78, and 38 unique trials for body mass index (BMI), body weight (BW), and waist circumference (WC), were included in the study, respectively. The findings demonstrated that the probiotics supplementation was significantly effective on decreasing of BMI (ES = -0.21; 95% CI: -0.30, -0.13, p < 0.001; I2 = 83.0%, p < 0.001), BW (ES = -0.38, 95% CI: -0.60, -0.16; p < 0.001; I2 = 81.8%, p < 0.001), and WC (ES = -0.60; 95% CI: -0.89, -0.31; p < 0.001; I2 = 89.1%, p < 0.001). Greater effects on BW were observed when intervention duration was >8 weeks and on obese individuals. BMI was also greatly modified in participants with metabolic syndrome and when intervention duration lasted for ≥12 weeks. The methodological quality (AMSTAR2) was moderate in 83%, low in 10%, and critically low in 7% of included studies. The current umbrella meta-analysis indicated that supplementation of probiotics in adults led to a meaningful reduction in BW, BMI, and WC. Therefore, our findings strongly recommend supplementation with probiotics as a potent intervention in the management of obesity.
Collapse
|
25
|
Naseri K, Saadati S, Yari Z, Asbaghi O, Hezaveh ZS, Mafi D, Hoseinian P, Ashtary-Larky D, Hekmatdoost A, de Courten B. Beneficial effects of Probiotic and Synbiotic Supplementation on some Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Individuals with Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A GRADE-assessed systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of randomized clinical trials. Pharmacol Res 2022; 182:106288. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
26
|
The Effects of Probiotics on Inflammation, Endothelial Dysfunction, and Atherosclerosis Progression: A Mechanistic Overview. Heart Lung Circ 2022; 31:e45-e71. [PMID: 35153150 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The relationship between the intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, inflammation, and cardiovascular disorders (CVDs) has become evident, based on a growing body of literature from animal models and human studies. On the other hand, probiotics are believed to have promising effects on modifying dysbiosis and protecting against CVDs. OBJECTIVE This narrative review provides an overview of the link between gut microbiota, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and atherosclerosis. The influences of probiotic supplementation on biomarkers contributing to these conditions as the primary underlying risk factors for developing CVDs are also discussed. METHODS An up-to-date review was performed of the available evidence from experimental studies, clinical trials, and meta-analyses, considering their challenges and limitations. It also aimed to provide mechanistic insight into the likely mechanisms of probiotics that could prevent atherosclerosis initiation and progression. RESULTS Probiotic supplementation seems to be associated with reduced levels of inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers (C-reactive protein, tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-12, and malondialdehyde). Further, these agents might enhance antioxidant factors (IL-10, total antioxidant status, total antioxidant capacity, glutathione, and nitric oxide). Probiotics also appear to improve intestinal barrier integrity, reduce leakage of harmful metabolites (e.g., lipopolysaccharides), inhibit pro-inflammatory signalling pathways, and possibly suppress the formation of trimethylamine/trimethylamine oxide. Probiotics have also been found to enhance endothelial function and halter thrombosis. CONCLUSION The current clinical evidence underlines belief that probiotics might be associated with reduced levels of inflammation biomarkers. Experimental evidence reports that the beneficial effects of probiotics seem to be mainly imposed by triggering the secretion of short-chain fatty acids and bile acids, in addition to suppressing the NF-κB signalling pathway. However, the current studies are still in their infancy and it is of high priority to design further research on the topic.
Collapse
|
27
|
Sharma D, Prashar A. Associations between the gut microbiome, gut microbiology and heart failure: Current understanding and future directions. AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL PLUS : CARDIOLOGY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2022; 17:100150. [PMID: 38559891 PMCID: PMC10978367 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahjo.2022.100150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The role of the gut microbiome in pathophysiology, prognostication and clinical management of heart failure (HF) patients is of great clinical and research interest. Both preclinical and clinical studies have shown promising results, and the gut microbiome has been implicated in other cardiovascular conditions that are risk factors for HF. There is an increasing interest in the use of biological compounds produced as biomarkers for prognostication as well as exploration of therapeutic options targeting the various markers and pathways from the gut microbiome that are implicated in HF. However, study variations exist, and targeted research for individual putative biomarkers is necessary. There is also limited evidence pertaining to decompensated HF in particular. In this review, we synthesize current understandings around pathophysiology, prognostication and clinical management of heart failure (HF) patients, and also provide an outline of potential areas of future research and scientific advances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Abhisheik Prashar
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, St George Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Han S, Li Y, Song R, Gao H, Zhang W. Effect of Probiotics Supplementation on Heart Rate: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. Front Nutr 2022; 9:829703. [PMID: 35392286 PMCID: PMC8982511 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.829703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Probiotics consumption lowers the risk of cardiovascular disease, but whether it affects heart rate (HR) remains controversial. Therefore, our study aimed to assess the chronotropic effects of probiotics on heartbeat via a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Methods Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed, Cochrane library, and Clinical Trials databases up to October 2021. Either a fixed-effects or a random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results This meta-analysis included 13 studies involving 16 interventional trial arms and 931 participants according to inclusion criteria. The overall pooled estimate showed that probiotics supplementation had a slight, but no significant reduction of 0.28 bpm (95% CI: −1.17, 0.60) on HR. Relatively high heterogeneity was observed among included trials (I2 = 80.8%, P heterogeneity < 0.001). Subgroup analysis displayed that probiotics supplementation significantly reduced HR by 2.94 bpm (95% CI: −5.06, −0.82) among participants with baseline HR ≥ 75 bpm, by 1.17 bpm (95% CI: −2.34, −0.00) with probiotics dose ≥1 × 1010 CFU/day, and by 1.43 bpm (95% CI: −2.69, −0.17) with multiple-strain intervention. Meta-regression analysis showed that baseline HR was a major potential effect modifier of probiotics supplementation on lowering HR. Conclusion Hitherto, the overall evidence in the literature was insufficient to support the notion that probiotics supplementation has a class effect on HR reduction. However, in subgroup analysis, probiotics reduced HR significantly in those who had higher baseline HR, received a higher dose or multiple strains of probiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shufen Han
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Shufen Han ;
| | - Yuezhen Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ruijuan Song
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiaxing, China
| | - Weiguo Zhang
- Independent Researcher, Irving, TX, United States
- Weiguo Zhang
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Associations of Calcium Intake and Calcium from Various Sources with Blood Lipids in a Population of Older Women and Men with High Calcium Intake. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14061314. [PMID: 35334971 PMCID: PMC8951296 DOI: 10.3390/nu14061314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Promoting calcium intake is a cornerstone for osteoporosis management. Some individuals limit dairy product consumption, a major calcium source, due to their high content in saturated fats and their perceived negative impact on lipid profiles. This study explored the associations of calcium from various sources with blood lipids in community-dwelling elderly (n = 717) from the GERICO cohort. Dietary calcium intake was assessed at several timepoints using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and calcium supplement use was recorded. Blood lipids were treated as categorical variables to distinguish those with normal and abnormal levels. Increasing total calcium intake was associated with lower risks for high total cholesterol (p = 0.038) and triglycerides (p = 0.007), and low HDL-cholesterol (p = 0.010). Dairy calcium (p = 0.031), especially calcium from milk (p = 0.044) and milk-based desserts (p = 0.039), i.e., low-fat (p = 0.022) and non-fermented (p = 0.005) dairy products, were associated with a lower risk of high total cholesterol. Greater calcium intakes from total dairies (p = 0.020), milk (p = 0.020) and non-fermented dairies (p = 0.027) were associated with a lower risk of hypertriglyceridemia. No association was observed between calcium from non-dairy sources, cheese or high-fat dairies and blood lipids. Increasing calcium through supplements was associated with lower risks for hypertriglyceridemia (p = 0.022) and low HDL-cholesterol (p = 0.001), but not after adjustments. Our results suggest that higher calcium intakes from dietary sources or supplements are not adversely associated with blood lipids in the elderly, whilst total, and particularly low-fat, dairy products are valuable calcium sources potentially related to favorable lipid profiles.
Collapse
|
30
|
Sellem L, Srour B, Jackson KG, Hercberg S, Galan P, Kesse-Guyot E, Julia C, Fezeu L, Deschasaux-Tanguy M, Lovegrove JA, Touvier M. Consumption of dairy products and CVD risk: results from the French prospective cohort NutriNet-Santé. Br J Nutr 2022; 127:752-762. [PMID: 33910667 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521001422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
In France, dairy products contribute to dietary saturated fat intake, of which reduced consumption is often recommended for CVD prevention. Epidemiological evidence on the association between dairy consumption and CVD risk remains unclear, suggesting either null or inverse associations. This study aimed to investigate the associations between dairy consumption (overall and specific foods) and CVD risk in a large cohort of French adults. This prospective analysis included participants aged ≥18 years from the NutriNet-Santé cohort (2009-2019). Daily dietary intakes were collected using 24-h dietary records. Total dairy, milk, cheese, yogurts, fermented and reduced-fat dairy intakes were investigated. CVD cases (n 1952) included cerebrovascular disease (n 878 cases) and CHD (n 1219 cases). Multivariable Cox models were performed to investigate associations. This analysis included 104 805 French adults (mean age at baseline 42·8 (sd 14·6) years, mean follow-up 5·5 (sd 3·0) years, i.e. 579 155 person-years). There were no significant associations between dairy intakes and total CVD or CHD risks. However, the consumption of at least 160 g/d of fermented dairy (e.g. cheese and yogurts) was associated with a reduced risk of cerebrovascular diseases compared with intakes below 57 g/d (hazard ratio = 0·81 (95 % CI 0·66, 0·98), Ptrend = 0·01). Despite being a major dietary source of saturated fats, dairy consumption was not associated with CVD or CHD risks in this study. However, fermented dairy was associated with a lower cerebrovascular disease risk. Robust randomised controlled trials are needed to further assess the impact of consuming different dairy foods on CVD risk and potential underlying mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laury Sellem
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Science, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Pepper Lane, Harry Nursten Building, Reading, RG6 6DZ, UK
| | - Bernard Srour
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, INRAE, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University of Paris (CRESS), 93017 Bobigny, Bobigny, France
| | - Kim G Jackson
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Science, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Pepper Lane, Harry Nursten Building, Reading, RG6 6DZ, UK
| | - Serge Hercberg
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, INRAE, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University of Paris (CRESS), 93017 Bobigny, Bobigny, France
- Public Health Department, Avicenne Hospital, AP-HP, Bobigny, France
| | - Pilar Galan
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, INRAE, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University of Paris (CRESS), 93017 Bobigny, Bobigny, France
| | - Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, INRAE, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University of Paris (CRESS), 93017 Bobigny, Bobigny, France
| | - Chantal Julia
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, INRAE, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University of Paris (CRESS), 93017 Bobigny, Bobigny, France
- Public Health Department, Avicenne Hospital, AP-HP, Bobigny, France
| | - Léopold Fezeu
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, INRAE, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University of Paris (CRESS), 93017 Bobigny, Bobigny, France
| | - Mélanie Deschasaux-Tanguy
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, INRAE, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University of Paris (CRESS), 93017 Bobigny, Bobigny, France
| | - Julie A Lovegrove
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Science, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Pepper Lane, Harry Nursten Building, Reading, RG6 6DZ, UK
| | - Mathilde Touvier
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, INRAE, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University of Paris (CRESS), 93017 Bobigny, Bobigny, France
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Giosuè A, Calabrese I, Vitale M, Riccardi G, Vaccaro O. Consumption of Dairy Foods and Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:831. [PMID: 35215479 PMCID: PMC8875110 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Limited consumption of dairy foods and use of low-fat products is recommended for cardiovascular (CV) prevention; however, other features besides fat content modulate their metabolic effects. We analyze updated evidence on the relationship of different dairy products (low/full-fat dairy, milk, cheese, yogurt) with CVD by reviewing meta-analyses of cohort studies and individual prospective cohort studies with CV hard endpoints (CVD/CHD incidence/mortality), together with meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials exploring the effect of dairy on major CV risk factors. The analyses provide evidence that moderate dairy consumption (up to 200 g/day, globally) has no detrimental effects on CV health and that their effect depends more on the food type (cheese, yogurt, milk) than on the fat content. These data expand current knowledge and may inform revision of current guidelines for CVD prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Giosuè
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, “Federico II” University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.G.); (I.C.); (M.V.); (G.R.)
| | - Ilaria Calabrese
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, “Federico II” University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.G.); (I.C.); (M.V.); (G.R.)
| | - Marilena Vitale
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, “Federico II” University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.G.); (I.C.); (M.V.); (G.R.)
| | - Gabriele Riccardi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, “Federico II” University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.G.); (I.C.); (M.V.); (G.R.)
| | - Olga Vaccaro
- Department of Pharmacy, “Federico II” University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chen HQ, Gong JY, Xing K, Liu MZ, Ren H, Luo JQ. Pharmacomicrobiomics: Exploiting the Drug-Microbiota Interactions in Antihypertensive Treatment. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:742394. [PMID: 35127738 PMCID: PMC8808336 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.742394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and can reduce life expectancy. Owing to the widespread use of antihypertensive drugs, patients with hypertension have improved blood pressure control over the past few decades. However, for a considerable part of the population, these drugs still cannot significantly improve their symptoms. In order to explore the reasons behind, pharmacomicrobiomics provide unique insights into the drug treatment of hypertension by investigating the effect of bidirectional interaction between gut microbiota and antihypertensive drugs. This review discusses the relationship between antihypertensive drugs and the gut microbiome, including changes in drug pharmacokinetics and gut microbiota composition. In addition, we highlight how our current knowledge of antihypertensive drug-microbiota interactions to develop gut microbiota-based personalized ways for disease management, including antihypertensive response biomarker, microbial-targeted therapies, probiotics therapy. Ultimately, a better understanding of the impact of pharmacomicrobiomics in the treatment of hypertension will provide important information for guiding rational clinical use and individualized use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Qing Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jin-Yu Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kai Xing
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mou-Ze Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huan Ren
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jian-Quan Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Jian-Quan Luo
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
YILMAZ I, ARSLAN B. The effect of kefir consumption on the lipid profile for individuals with normal and dyslipidemic properties: a randomized controlled trial. REV NUTR 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-9865202235e210098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective This research was conducted as a prospective, self-controlled, eight-week clinical trial to investigate the effect of kefir consumption on the lipid profile of individuals with normal and dyslipidemic properties. Methods Kefir microorganisms given to volunteer subjects were determined using classical microbial count methods and qReal-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction. The study was carried out with 23 volunteer hospital health personnel between the ages of 20 and 55 who met the research criteria and did not have any health problems. The volunteers regularly consumed kefir on an empty stomach for four weeks. In the last stage, the eight-week study was completed by making blood and anthropometric measurements of the subjects, who continued to be studied without kefir consumption for four more weeks. Results Considering the changes in the serum lipid profiles of 13 individuals with dyslipidemic symptoms during the 4-week period they consumed kefir, Total Cholesterol values decreased by 9.15% compared to initial values, LDL-Cholesterol values decreased by 10.64%, HDL-Cholesterol values decreased by 6.9%, and triglyceride values decreased by 2.46%. The changes in the serum lipid profiles of 13 individuals with dyslipidemic findings at the end of an eight-week study were a 5.71% decrease in total cholesterol values (p<0.018) considered statistically significant, as well as a 5.31% decrease in LDL-Cholesterol values (p<0.021); the HDL-Cholesterol results were found to be significant with an 8.58% decrease in the values (p<0.035) and insignificant with a 17.21% increase in the triglyceride values (p<0.926). We concluded that regular kefir consumption was effective in both women and men in lowering total cholesterol and LDL-Cholesterol from blood lipid profiles, especially in individuals with dyslipidemic symptoms, while this effect was not observed in normal individuals. Conclusion Kefir can positively affect the total cholesterol and LDL-Cholesterol blood parameters of dyslipidemic individuals with high serum lipid values.
Collapse
|
34
|
Zarezadeh M, Musazadeh V, Faghfouri AH, Roshanravan N, Dehghan P. Probiotics act as a potent intervention in improving lipid profile: An umbrella systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:145-158. [PMID: 34817299 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2004578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Several meta-analysis studies have revealed improving effects of probiotics on lipid profile, while some studies have reported controversial findings. The purpose of present study was to evaluate the efficacy of probiotics on blood lipids. Relevant studies were searched in the international databases, including PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Library up to August 2021. The pooled results were calculated with the use of a random-effects model to assess the effects of probiotics on blood lipids. Overall, 38 meta-analyses were inclueded in the study. The results indicated that the probiotics supplementation was effective on reduction of total cholesterol (TC) (ES= -0.46 mg/dL; 95% CI: -0.61, -0.30, p < 0.001; I2= 83.8%, p < 0.001), triglycerides (TG) (ES= -0.13 mg/dl; 95% CI: -0.23, -0.04, p = 0.006; I2= 74.7%, p < 0.001), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)levels (ES= -0.29 mg/dL; 95% CI: -0.40, -0.19, p < 0.001; I2= 77.8%, p < 0.001). There was no significant effect of probiotics on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (ES= 0.02 mg/dl; 95% CI: -0.04, 0.08, p = 0.519; I2= 72.5%, p= <0.001). The results of present umbrella meta-analysis strongly support supplementation with probiotics as an influential intervention for improving lipid profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Zarezadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vali Musazadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Faghfouri
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Neda Roshanravan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parvin Dehghan
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Machlik ML, Hopstock LA, Wilsgaard T, Hansson P. Associations Between Intake of Fermented Dairy Products and Blood Lipid Concentrations Are Affected by Fat Content and Dairy Matrix - The Tromsø Study: Tromsø7. Front Nutr 2021; 8:773468. [PMID: 34881281 PMCID: PMC8646841 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.773468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Dairy fat is rich in saturated fatty acids known to increase serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentration, an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, intake of fermented dairy products has been associated with reduced CVD risk in observational studies. How intakes of different fermented dairy products are associated with blood lipid concentrations may provide a possible explanation for the suggested reduced CVD risk. Aim: To examine the associations between different types of fermented dairy products, with various fat contents and dairy matrix structures, and blood lipid concentrations in a general population. Methods: In 11,377 women and men aged between 40-99 participating in the population-based Tromsø Study 2015-2016, multivariable linear regression was used to examine associations between total intake of fermented dairy products, intake of yogurt (including regular-fat, low-fat, and semi-solid yogurt), cheese (including regular-fat and low-fat), and liquid fermented dairy, and serum concentrations of total cholesterol, LDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides. Dietary data was collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Analyses were adjusted for potential confounding factors, and cheese intake analyses were stratified by self-reported use of cholesterol-lowering drugs. Results: Cheese intake was positively associated with HDL-C [regression coefficient 0.02 mmol/l (95 % CI 0.01, 0.03)], and inversely associated with LDL-C [regression coefficient-0.03 mmol/l (95 % CI-0.04,-0.01)] and triglycerides [relative change -1.34 % (95 % CI: -2.29 %, -0.37 %)] per 25 g/day among non-users of cholesterol-lowering drugs, while no associations were found among users. Total intake of fermented dairy was inversely associated with triglycerides [relative change -1.11 % (95 % CI: -1.96 %, -0.24 %)] per 250 g/day, while no associations were found for yogurt intake. Intake of low-fat cheese was more favorably associated with blood lipids compared to regular-fat cheese, and semi-solid yogurt was inversely associated with LDL-C and triglycerides, while intake of liquid fermented dairy was not associated with any of the blood lipids. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of investigating specific types of dairy products separately, based on fat content and dairy matrix, when examining effects on blood lipid concentrations, and stratifying statistical models by use of cholesterol-lowering drugs when relevant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Lund Machlik
- Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Tom Wilsgaard
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Patrik Hansson
- Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wang C, Li S, Xue P, Yu L, Tian F, Zhao J, Chen W, Xue Y, Zhai Q. The effect of probiotic supplementation on lipid profiles in adults with overweight or obesity: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
|
37
|
Lillo-Pérez S, Guerra-Valle M, Orellana-Palma P, Petzold G. Probiotics in fruit and vegetable matrices: Opportunities for nondairy consumers. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
38
|
Won SM, Seo MJ, Kwon MJ, Park KW, Yoon JH. Oral Administration of Latilactobacillus sakei ADM14 Improves Lipid Metabolism and Fecal Microbiota Profile Associated With Metabolic Dysfunction in a High-Fat Diet Mouse Model. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:746601. [PMID: 34690997 PMCID: PMC8527011 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.746601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Effects of Latilactobacillus sakei ADM14 on changes in lipid metabolism and fecal microbiota composition were studied in high-fat diet (HFD) mouse model. The mice were divided into three groups: normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HD), and HFD plus L. sakei ADM14 (HDA). Oral administration of L. sakei ADM14 daily for 10weeks decreased body weight gain, fat tissue mass, and liver weight in mice and reduced the size of histologically stained liver adipocytes. In addition, serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood glucose decreased significantly. Latilactobacillus sakei ADM14 regulated the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism in epididymal adipose tissue and liver and induced changes in the composition of fecal microbiota, thereby improving energy harvests and changing metabolic disorder-related taxa. A significant decrease (p<0.05) in the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio was found in the HDA group compared to the HD group, particularly due to the difference in the relative abundance of the Bacteroidetes between the two groups over 10weeks. Differences in proportions of some taxa reported to have correlation with obesity were also found between HD and HDA groups. These results suggest that L. sakei ADM14 can have a positive effect on metabolic disorders such as obesity and fatty liver through effective regulation of host lipid metabolism and gut microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Min Won
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Min Ju Seo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Min Ju Kwon
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Kye Won Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jung-Hoon Yoon
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Nutraceutical Combinations in Hypercholesterolemia: Evidence from Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trials. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093128. [PMID: 34579005 PMCID: PMC8470433 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing number of nutraceutical combinations (NCs) on the market for hypercholesterolemia, although clinical trials to verify their safety and efficacy are scarce. We selected fourteen randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials (RCTs) on different lipid-lowering NCs in hypercholesterolemic subjects. We described each compound's mechanism of action and efficacy in the mixtures and summarized the clinical trials settings and NCs safety and efficacy results. Almost all NCs resulted efficient against hypercholesterolemia; only one reported no changes. Interestingly, red yeast rice (RYR) was present in eleven mixtures. It is not clear whether the lipid-lowering efficacy of these combinations derives mainly from the RYR component monacolin K "natural statin" single effect. Up to now, few RCTs have verified the efficacy of every single compound vs. NCs to evaluate possible additive or synergistic effects, probably due to the complexity and the high resources request. In conclusion, to manage the arising nutraceutical tide against hypercholesterolemia, it could be helpful to increase the number and robustness of clinical studies to verify the efficacy and safety of the new NCs.
Collapse
|
40
|
Ghannoum MA, Ford M, Bonomo RA, Gamal A, McCormick TS. A Microbiome-Driven Approach to Combating Depression During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Nutr 2021; 8:672390. [PMID: 34504858 PMCID: PMC8421528 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.672390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The significant stressors brought about and exacerbated by COVID-19 are associated with startling surges in mental health illnesses, specifically those related to depressive disorders. Given the huge impact of depression on society, and an incomplete understanding of impactful therapeutics, we have examined the current literature surrounding the microbiome and gut-brain axis to advance a potential complementary approach to address depression and depressive disorders that have increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. While we understand that the impact of the human gut microbiome on emotional health is a newly emerging field and more research needs to be conducted, the current evidence is extremely promising and suggests at least part of the answer to understanding depression in more depth may lie within the microbiome. As a result of these findings, we propose that a microbiome-based holistic approach, which involves carefully annotating the microbiome and potential modification through diet, probiotics, and lifestyle changes, may address depression. This paper's primary purpose is to shed light on the link between the gut microbiome and depression, including the gut-brain axis and propose a holistic approach to microbiome modification, with the ultimate goal of assisting individuals to manage their battle with depression through diet, probiotics, and lifestyle changes, in addition to offering a semblance of hope during these challenging times.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A. Ghannoum
- Integrated Microbiome Core, Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
- BIOHM Health LLC, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | | | - Robert A. Bonomo
- Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Ahmed Gamal
- Integrated Microbiome Core, Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Thomas S. McCormick
- Integrated Microbiome Core, Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Kökten T, Hansmannel F, Ndiaye NC, Heba AC, Quilliot D, Dreumont N, Arnone D, Peyrin-Biroulet L. Calorie Restriction as a New Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases. Adv Nutr 2021; 12:1558-1570. [PMID: 33554240 PMCID: PMC8321869 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immoderate calorie intake coupled with a sedentary lifestyle are major determinants of health issues and inflammatory diseases in modern society. The balance between energy consumption and energy expenditure is critical for longevity. Excessive energy intake and adiposity cause systemic inflammation, whereas calorie restriction (CR) without malnutrition, exerts a potent anti-inflammatory effect. The objective of this review was to provide an overview of different strategies used to reduce calorie intake, discuss physiological mechanisms by which CR might lead to improved health outcomes, and summarize the present knowledge about inflammatory diseases. We discuss emerging data of observational studies and randomized clinical trials on CR that have been shown to reduce inflammation and improve human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tunay Kökten
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm U1256 NGERE (Nutrition—Genetics and Exposure to Environmental Risks), Nancy, France
| | - Franck Hansmannel
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm U1256 NGERE (Nutrition—Genetics and Exposure to Environmental Risks), Nancy, France
| | - Ndeye Coumba Ndiaye
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm U1256 NGERE (Nutrition—Genetics and Exposure to Environmental Risks), Nancy, France
| | - Anne-Charlotte Heba
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm U1256 NGERE (Nutrition—Genetics and Exposure to Environmental Risks), Nancy, France
| | - Didier Quilliot
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm U1256 NGERE (Nutrition—Genetics and Exposure to Environmental Risks), Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire (CHRU)-Nancy, Department of Diabetology-Endocrinology-Nutrition, Nancy, France
| | - Natacha Dreumont
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm U1256 NGERE (Nutrition—Genetics and Exposure to Environmental Risks), Nancy, France
| | - Djésia Arnone
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm U1256 NGERE (Nutrition—Genetics and Exposure to Environmental Risks), Nancy, France
| | - Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm U1256 NGERE (Nutrition—Genetics and Exposure to Environmental Risks), Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire (CHRU)-Nancy, Department of Gastroenterology, Nancy, France
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Murphy K, O'Donovan AN, Caplice NM, Ross RP, Stanton C. Exploring the Gut Microbiota and Cardiovascular Disease. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11080493. [PMID: 34436434 PMCID: PMC8401482 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11080493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been classified as one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. CVD risk factors include smoking, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, obesity, inflammation and diabetes. The gut microbiota can influence human health through multiple interactions and community changes are associated with the development and progression of numerous disease states, including CVD. The gut microbiota are involved in the production of several metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bile acids and trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO). These products of microbial metabolism are important modulatory factors and have been associated with an increased risk of CVD. Due to its association with CVD development, the gut microbiota has emerged as a target for therapeutic approaches. In this review, we summarise the current knowledge on the role of the gut microbiome in CVD development, and associated microbial communities, functions, and metabolic profiles. We also discuss CVD therapeutic interventions that target the gut microbiota such as probiotics and faecal microbiota transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiera Murphy
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Co. Cork P61 C996, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Ireland
| | - Aoife N O'Donovan
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Co. Cork P61 C996, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Ireland
- VistaMilk SFI Research Centre, Teagasc, Moorepark, Co. Cork P61 C996, Ireland
| | - Noel M Caplice
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Ireland
- Centre for Research in Vascular Biology, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Ireland
| | - R Paul Ross
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Ireland
| | - Catherine Stanton
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Co. Cork P61 C996, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Ireland
- VistaMilk SFI Research Centre, Teagasc, Moorepark, Co. Cork P61 C996, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
The Role of Gut Microbiota on Cholesterol Metabolism in Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158074. [PMID: 34360839 PMCID: PMC8347163 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia plays a causal role in the development of atherosclerosis and is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of death worldwide especially in developed countries. Current data show that the role of microbiota extends beyond digestion by being implicated in several metabolic and inflammatory processes linked to several diseases including CVD. Studies have reported associations between bacterial metabolites and hypercholesterolemia. However, such associations remain poorly investigated and characterized. In this review, the mechanisms of microbial derived metabolites such as primary and secondary bile acids (BAs), trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) will be explored in the context of cholesterol metabolism. These metabolites play critical roles in maintaining cardiovascular health and if dysregulated can potentially contribute to CVD. They can be modulated via nutritional and pharmacological interventions such as statins, prebiotics, and probiotics. However, the mechanisms behind these interactions also remain unclear, and mechanistic insights into their impact will be provided. Therefore, the objectives of this paper are to present current knowledge on potential mechanisms whereby microbial metabolites regulate cholesterol homeostasis and to discuss the feasibility of modulating intestinal microbes and metabolites as a novel therapeutic for hypercholesterolemia.
Collapse
|
44
|
Pontes KSDS, Guedes MR, Cunha MRD, Mattos SDS, Barreto Silva MI, Neves MF, Marques BCAA, Klein MRST. Effects of probiotics on body adiposity and cardiovascular risk markers in individuals with overweight and obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:4915-4931. [PMID: 34358838 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Evidence suggests that gut microbiota is a potential factor in the pathophysiology of both obesity and related metabolic disorders. While individual randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have evaluated the effects of probiotics on adiposity and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in subjects with overweight and obesity, the results are inconsistent. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of probiotic supplementation on body weight, body adiposity and CVD risk markers in overweight and obese subjects. METHODS A systematic search for RCTs published up to December 2020 was conducted in MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE, Scopus and LILACS. Meta-analysis using a random-effects model was chosen to analyze the impact of combined trials. RESULTS Twenty-six RCTs (n = 1720) were included. Data pooling showed a significant effect of probiotics in reducing body weight (MD:-0.70 kg; 95%CI:-1.04,-0.35 kg; P < 0.0001), body mass index (BMI) (MD:-0.24 kg/m2; 95%CI:-0.35,-0.12 kg/m2; P = 0.0001), waist circumference (WC) (MD:-1.13 cm; 95%CI:-1.54,-0.73 cm; P < 0.0001), fat mass (MD:-0.71 kg; 95%CI:-1.10,-0.32 kg; P = 0.0004), tumor necrosis factor-α (MD:-0.16 pg/ml; 95%CI:-0.24,-0.08 pg/ml; P = 0.0001), insulin (MD:-0.85mcU/ml; 95%CI:-1.50,-0.21mcU/ml; P = 0.010), total cholesterol (MD:-0.16 mmol/l; 95%CI:-0.26,-0.05 mmol/l; P = 0.003) and LDL (MD:-0.09 mmol/l; 95%CI:-0.16,-0.03 mmol/l; P = 0.006) compared with control groups. There was a significant decrease in body weight, BMI and WC in studies using both single and multi-bacterial species. Decreases in body adiposity parameters were only observed in studies using a probiotic dose of ≥ 1010 CFU and for ≥8 weeks duration. CONCLUSIONS The present meta-analysis suggests that probiotics consumption may be helpful for improving body weight, body adiposity and some CVD risk markers in individuals with overweight and obesity. The review was registered on PROSPERO (International prospective register of systematic reviews): CRD42020183136.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karine Scanci da Silva Pontes
- Post-Graduation Program in Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Av. Professor Manuel de Abreu, 444, Térreo - Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-170, Brazil.
| | - Marcella Rodrigues Guedes
- Post-Graduation Program in Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Av. Professor Manuel de Abreu, 444, Térreo - Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-170, Brazil.
| | - Michelle Rabello da Cunha
- Department of Clinical Medicine, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Av.Vinte e Oito de Setembro, 77 Sala 329, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20551-030, Brazil.
| | - Samanta de Souza Mattos
- Department of Clinical Medicine, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Av.Vinte e Oito de Setembro, 77 Sala 329, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20551-030, Brazil.
| | - Maria Inês Barreto Silva
- Department of Applied Nutrition, Nutrition Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524 - Pavilhão João Lyra Filho, 12º Andar, Bloco D, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20559-900, Brazil; Department of Applied Nutrition, Nutrition School, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Av. Pasteur, 296, Botafogo, 3º Andar, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22290-250, Brazil.
| | - Mario Fritsch Neves
- Department of Clinical Medicine, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Av.Vinte e Oito de Setembro, 77 Sala 329, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20551-030, Brazil.
| | - Bianca Cristina Antunes Alves Marques
- Department of Clinical Medicine, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Av.Vinte e Oito de Setembro, 77 Sala 329, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20551-030, Brazil; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, National Cancer Institute (INCA), Av. Binário do Porto, 831, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20081-250, Brazil.
| | - Márcia Regina Simas Torres Klein
- Department of Applied Nutrition, Nutrition Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524 - Pavilhão João Lyra Filho, 12º Andar, Bloco D, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20559-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Probiotics supplementation and cardiometabolic risk factors: A new insight into recent advances, potential mechanisms, and clinical implications. PHARMANUTRITION 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2021.100261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
46
|
Effects of Anti-Inflammatory Treatment and Surgical Intervention on Endothelial Glycocalyx, Peripheral and Coronary Microcirculatory Function and Myocardial Deformation in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients: A Two-Arms Two-Stage Clinical Trial. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11060993. [PMID: 34070768 PMCID: PMC8227308 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11060993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sixty inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients (45 Crohn disease and 15 ulcerative colitis, 40 ± 13 years, 53% male) were examined at baseline and 4 months after intervention (surgical (35 patients) or anti-TNFa treatment (25 patients)). IBD severity, using Mayo score, Harvey–Bradshaw Index (HBI) and biomarkers, was correlated with cardiovascular markers. At baseline, the disease severity, the white blood cells (WBC) values and the reducing power (RP) were significantly correlated with the aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) (r = 0.4, r = 0.44 and r = 0.48, p < 0.05) and the lateral mitral E’ velocity (r = 0.35, p < 0.05 and r = 0.3, p < 0.05). Four months after intervention, there was a reduction of WBC (1962.8/mm3 ± 0.425/mm3, p < 0.001), C-reactive protein (CRP) (8.1 mg/L ± 1.7 mg/L, p < 0.001), malondialdehyde (MDA) (0.81 nmol/mg ± 0.37, p < 0.05) and glycocalyx perfused boundary region (PBR 5-25) (0.24 μm ± 0.05 μm, p < 0.01). Moreover, the brachial flow mediated dilatation (FMD), the coronary flow reserve (CFR) and the left ventricle global longitudinal strain (LV GLS) were significantly improved for both groups (4.5% ± 0.9%, 0.55 ± 0.08, 1.4% ± 0.35%, p < 0.01), while a more significant improvement of PWV/GLS was noticed in the anti-TNFa group. IBD severity is associated with vascular endothelial, cardiac diastolic, and coronary microcirculatory dysfunction. The systemic inflammatory inhibition and the local surgical intervention lead to significant improvement in endothelial function, coronary microcirculation and myocardial deformation.
Collapse
|
47
|
Mendoza-Vasconez AS, Landry MJ, Crimarco A, Bladier C, Gardner CD. Sustainable Diets for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Management. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2021; 23:31. [PMID: 33970349 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-021-00929-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Healthy dietary patterns are recommended for prevention of cardiovascular disease, which remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. In this review, we discuss dietary patterns that are not only optimal for CVD prevention and management but also sustainable in maximizing health, environmental, and economic benefits. RECENT FINDINGS The growing literature on sustainable diets in the context of environmental sustainability includes subtopics of climate change, land use, biodiversity loss, freshwater use, and reactive nitrogen emissions. Similarly, economic sustainability, beyond the retail cost of food, extends to healthcare costs and the economic costs of environmental destruction related to current agricultural practices and food choices. Dietary patterns that are high in plant foods and low in animal foods could maximize health, environmental, and economic benefits; however, questions remain about how to best promote these patterns to achieve wider adoption in an environmentally and economically sustainable way.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew J Landry
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Anthony Crimarco
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Claire Bladier
- Risk Assessment Department, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Christopher D Gardner
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Schoeneck M, Iggman D. The effects of foods on LDL cholesterol levels: A systematic review of the accumulated evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:1325-1338. [PMID: 33762150 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To systematically evaluate the evidence regarding the effects of foods on LDL cholesterol levels and to compare the findings with current guidelines. DATA SYNTHESIS From inception through June 2019, we searched PubMed, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for guidelines, systematic reviews, and RCTs (for coffee intake only) of at least 13 days duration. Additionally, we searched Trip database for guidelines from 2009 through Oct 2019. Language was restricted to English. The strength of evidence was evaluated using The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). A total of 37 guidelines, 108 systematic reviews, and 20 RCTs were included. With high evidence, foods high in unsaturated and low in saturated and trans fatty acids (e.g. rapeseed/canola oil), with added plant sterols/stanols, and high in soluble fiber (e.g. oats, barley, and psyllium) caused at least moderate (i.e. 0.20-0.40 mmol/L) reductions in LDL cholesterol. Unfiltered coffee caused a moderate to large increase. Soy protein, tomatoes, flaxseeds, and almonds caused small reductions. With moderate evidence, avocados and turmeric caused moderate to large reductions. Pulses, hazelnuts, walnuts, high-fiber/wholegrain foods, and green tea caused small to moderate reductions, whereas sugar caused a small increase. Other identified foods were either neutral or had low or very low evidence regarding their effects. CONCLUSIONS Several foods distinctly modify LDL cholesterol levels. The results may aid future guidelines and dietary advice for hypercholesterolemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malin Schoeneck
- Dalarna County Council, Norslund-Svärdsjö Academic Primary Health Care Center, Björkvägen 2, SE-790 23, Svärdsjö, Sweden
| | - David Iggman
- Dalarna County Council, Norslund-Svärdsjö Academic Primary Health Care Center, Björkvägen 2, SE-790 23, Svärdsjö, Sweden; Center for Clinical Research Dalarna, Falun, Sweden; Unit for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Ziaei R, Ghavami A, Khalesi S, Ghiasvand R, Mokari Yamchi A. The effect of probiotic fermented milk products on blood lipid concentrations: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:997-1015. [PMID: 33612379 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM Fermented milk products are suggested as a supplementary therapy to help reduce blood lipid levels. However, the results of clinical studies are conflicting. DATA SYNTHESIS This study systematically reviewed 39 randomized controlled trials (n = 2237 participants) to investigate the effect of probiotic fermented milk products on blood lipids. A meta-analysis was performed using random effects models, with weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Statistically significant reductions in blood low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (WMD: -7.34 mg/dL, 95% CI: from -10.04 to -4.65, and P < 0.001) and total cholesterol (TC) concentrations (WMD: -8.30 mg/dL, 95% CI: from -11.42 to -5.18, and P < 0.001) were observed. No statistically significant effect of probiotic fermented milk was observed on blood high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triacylglycerol (TAG) levels. The effect on TC and LDL-C level was more pronounced in men, and a greater reduction in TAG was observed in trials with longer interventions (≥8 weeks) as compared to their counterparts. CONCLUSIONS Available evidence suggests that probiotic fermented milk products may help to reduce serum TC and LDL-C cholesterol levels, particularly in men and when they are consumed for ≥8 weeks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahele Ziaei
- Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Abed Ghavami
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saman Khalesi
- Appleton Institute & School of Health Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Reza Ghiasvand
- Department of Community Nutrition, Food Security Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Amin Mokari Yamchi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Zhang Y, Yan T, Xu C, Yang H, Zhang T, Liu Y. Probiotics Can Further Reduce Waist Circumference in Adults with Morbid Obesity after Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:5542626. [PMID: 33859706 PMCID: PMC8032506 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5542626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Whether probiotics could be used as an adjunct to bariatric surgery is controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of probiotics on body weight, body mass index (BMI), percentage of the excess weight loss (%EWL), waist circumference (WC), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in adults with obesity after bariatric surgery (BS). PUBMED, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials were searched from the earliest record to March 2020. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of probiotics in adults with obesity after bariatric surgery were analyzed according to the eligibility criteria. Four RCTs, including 172 participants, were analyzed. There was a statistically significant difference in probiotics in the reduction of waist circumference at 12 months after bariatric surgery. However, probiotics were not effective in weight, BMI, %EWL, WC, and CRP both within 3 months and at 12 months postoperation. Probiotics aid adults with morbid obesity in achieving further waist circumference improvement after BS, with no significant effect on weight, BMI, %EWL, and CRP. More quality clinical studies are needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of probiotics, and address a number of practical issues before the routine clinical use of probiotics in adults with obesity undergoing BS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tong Yan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenxin Xu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huawu Yang
- The Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Tongtong Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- The Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|