1
|
Lu X, Zhang D, Wang L, Wang S, Zhang X, Liu Y, Chen K, Song X, Yin S, Zhang R, Wang S, Yuan M. Establishment and verification of anthropogenic speciated VOCs emission inventory of Central China. J Environ Sci (China) 2025; 149:406-418. [PMID: 39181653 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2024.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Improving the accuracy of anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emission inventory is crucial for reducing atmospheric pollution and formulating control policy of air pollution. In this study, an anthropogenic speciated VOCs emission inventory was established for Central China represented by Henan Province at a 3 km × 3 km spatial resolution based on the emission factor method. The 2019 VOCs emission in Henan Province was 1003.5 Gg, while industrial process source (33.7%) was the highest emission source, Zhengzhou (17.9%) was the city with highest emission and April and August were the months with the more emissions. High VOCs emission regions were concentrated in downtown areas and industrial parks. Alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons were the main VOCs contribution groups. The species composition, source contribution and spatial distribution were verified and evaluated through tracer ratio method (TR), Positive Matrix Factorization Model (PMF) and remote sensing inversion (RSI). Results show that both the emission results by emission inventory (EI) (15.7 Gg) and by TR method (13.6 Gg) and source contribution by EI and PMF are familiar. The spatial distribution of HCHO primary emission based on RSI is basically consistent with that of HCHO emission based on EI with a R-value of 0.73. The verification results show that the VOCs emission inventory and speciated emission inventory established in this study are relatively reliable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Lu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Research Institute of Environmental Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Research Institute of Environmental Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Lanxin Wang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Research Institute of Environmental Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shefang Wang
- Research Institute of Environmental Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xinran Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Research Institute of Environmental Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yali Liu
- Research Institute of Environmental Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Keying Chen
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Research Institute of Environmental Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xinshuai Song
- Research Institute of Environmental Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shasha Yin
- Research Institute of Environmental Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Ruiqin Zhang
- Research Institute of Environmental Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Research Institute of Environmental Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Minghao Yuan
- Zhengzhou Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gadaime NK, Haddadin RN, Shehabi AA, Omran IN. Antimicrobial resistance and carbapenemase dissemination in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from Libyan hospitals: a call for surveillance and intervention. Libyan J Med 2024; 19:2344320. [PMID: 38643488 PMCID: PMC11034451 DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2024.2344320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a multidrug-resistant bacterium capable of forming biofilms. This study aimed to assess resistance of clinical isolates from Libyan hospitals to antipseudomonal antibiotics, the prevalence of selected extended-spectrum β-lactamases and carbapenemase genes among these isolates, and the microorganisms' capacity for alginate and biofilm production. Forty-five isolates were collected from four hospitals in Benghazi and Derna, Libya. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using agar disc diffusion. The presence of resistance genes (blaCTXM, blaTEM, blaSHV-1, blaGES-1, blaKPC, and blaNDM) was screened using PCR. Biofilm formation was quantified via the crystal violet assay, while alginate production was measured spectrophotometrically. Resistance to antipseudomonal antibiotics ranged from 48.9% to 75.6%. The most prevalent resistance gene was blaNDM (26.7%), followed by blaGES-1 (17.8%). Moreover, all isolates demonstrated varying degrees of biofilm-forming ability and alginate production. No statistically significant correlation was found between biofilm formation and alginate production. The dissemination of resistant genes in P. aeruginosa, particularly carbapenemases, is of great concern. This issue is compounded by the bacteria's biofilm-forming capability. Urgent intervention and continuous surveillance are imperative to prevent further deterioration and the catastrophic spread of resistance among these formidable bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin K. Gadaime
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Lab Medicine, Faculty of Medical Technology-Derna, National Board for technical and Vocational Education, Derna, Libya
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Arora I, Mal P, Arora P, Paul A, Kumar M. GABAergic implications in anxiety and related disorders. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 724:150218. [PMID: 38865810 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Evidence indicates that anxiety disorders arise from an imbalance in the functioning of brain circuits that govern the modulation of emotional responses to possibly threatening stimuli. The circuits under consideration in this context include the amygdala's bottom-up activity, which signifies the existence of stimuli that may be seen as dangerous. Moreover, these circuits encompass top-down regulatory processes that originate in the prefrontal cortex, facilitating the communication of the emotional significance associated with the inputs. Diverse databases (e.g., Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Google Scholar) were searched for literature using a combination of different terms e.g., "anxiety", "stress", "neuroanatomy", and "neural circuits", etc. A decrease in GABAergic activity is present in both anxiety disorders and severe depression. Research on cerebral functional imaging in depressive individuals has shown reduced levels of GABA within the cortical regions. Additionally, animal studies demonstrated that a reduction in the expression of GABAA/B receptors results in a behavioral pattern resembling anxiety. The amygdala consists of inhibitory networks composed of GABAergic interneurons, responsible for modulating anxiety responses in both normal and pathological conditions. The GABAA receptor has allosteric sites (e.g., α/γ, γ/β, and α/β) which enable regulation of neuronal inhibition in the amygdala. These sites serve as molecular targets for anxiolytic medications such as benzodiazepine and barbiturates. Alterations in the levels of naturally occurring regulators of these allosteric sites, along with alterations to the composition of the GABAA receptor subunits, could potentially act as mechanisms via which the extent of neuronal inhibition is diminished in pathological anxiety disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Indu Arora
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Pankaj Mal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Poonam Arora
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Anushka Paul
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Naccarelli GV, McKindley DS, Rashkin J, Ollier C, Reiffel JA. Bioavailability of dronedarone tablets administered with or without food in healthy participants. AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL PLUS : CARDIOLOGY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2024; 45:100423. [PMID: 39114542 PMCID: PMC11305208 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahjo.2024.100423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Study objective There is inadequate awareness of the effect of food on the bioavailability of dronedarone. We report results from two phase 1 studies assessing the effect of food on dronedarone's bioavailability. Design setting and participants Study 1; single-center, open-label, randomized study in healthy adults (males and females). Study 2; single-center, open-label, randomized study in healthy males. Interventions Study 1; a single 400-mg oral dose of dronedarone (marketed formulation) in fed (high-fat [47.4 g] meal) and fasted states. Study 2; a single 800-mg oral dose of dronedarone (two 400-mg tablets) after fat-rich (37.3 g) and low-fat (5.3 g) meals, and after fasting. Main outcome measures Pharmacokinetic parameters including maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and area under the curve from time 0 to last measurable time (AUClast) were assessed for dronedarone and its active N-debutyl metabolite. Results Twenty-six participants were included in Study 1 and nine in Study 2. In Study 1, administration of 400 mg dronedarone with a high-fat meal vs. fasted state resulted in 2.8-fold and 2.0-fold increases in Cmax and AUClast, respectively. In Study 2, administration of 800 mg dronedarone with a fat-rich or low-fat meal vs. fasted state resulted in 4.6-fold and 3.2-fold increases in Cmax, respectively, and 3.1-fold and 2.3-fold increases, respectively, in AUClast. Results for the N-debutyl metabolite were similar to dronedarone. No adverse events were considered related to dronedarone. Conclusion With food, the bioavailability of dronedarone is markedly increased. In clinical practice, dronedarone should be administered with a complete meal to maximize drug absorption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerald V. Naccarelli
- Department of Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | - James A. Reiffel
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, and Attending Physician Emeritus, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lanza Galvão E, Miranda Souza K, Gonçalves de Freitas M, Souza MRF, Gonçalves MWA, Cota G, Silva SN. Treatment of Childhood Brucellosis: A Systematic Review. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2024; 43:857-866. [PMID: 38754009 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000004389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proper treatment for brucellosis is crucial to eradicate the infection and prevent complications, but there is a notable gap in evidence for pediatric treatment. This study aims to address this gap by reviewing current literature, analyzing the efficacy and safety of brucellosis treatment in children, and identifying areas that require further investigation. METHODS A systematic review, following preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses and Cochrane Handbook guidelines, assessed antimicrobial regimens' efficacy and safety for treating human brucellosis in children. Original human studies with clinical outcomes after drug therapy intervention for children up to 10 years were included. Searches were conducted in Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library and LILACS databases for studies indexed until March 6, 2023. Study selection, data extraction, and bias risk assessment were performed by pairs of reviewers. The quality assessment used Joanna Briggs Institute tools and grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation system. Data were analyzed using R software. RESULTS A total of 1773 records were reviewed, yielding 11 eligible studies encompassing 1156 children. All included studies presented an observational design. The most reported treatment approaches included sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim with rifampicin or aminoglycosides, with summarized failure rates of 2% (95% confidence interval: 0.0-0.49) and 13% (95% confidence interval: 0.06-0.29), respectively (very low certainty of evidence). Adverse events and time to defervescence were not reported. CONCLUSIONS Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim + rifampicin were the most prescribed antibiotics for brucellosis for pediatrics. The study highlights the need for more research with robust designs, and emphasizes uncertainty regarding the efficacy of antimicrobial regimens, emphasizing the importance of further investigations to guide specific treatment protocols for this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Endi Lanza Galvão
- From the Núcleo de Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina
| | - Kathiaja Miranda Souza
- From the Núcleo de Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte
| | - Marina Gonçalves de Freitas
- From the Núcleo de Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte
- SCMED, Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency, Brasilia
| | | | | | - Gláucia Cota
- From the Núcleo de Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte
| | - Sarah Nascimento Silva
- From the Núcleo de Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ani OG, Medayedupin OA, Azeez AA, Gyebi GA, Boateng ID, Adebayo JO. Toxicity assessment of 3-O-[6-deoxy-3-O-methyl-β-D-allopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-D-oleandropyranosyl]-17β-marsdenin isolated from Gongronema latifolium leaf on selected brain and kidney function indices in mice. Toxicon 2024; 247:107830. [PMID: 38936671 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
The safety of bioactive compounds, especially those isolated from medicinal plants, is a major concern for health authorities, pharmaceutical industries, and the public. Of recent, anti-tumor pregnane glycosides were isolated from Gongronema latifolium leaf, of which the toxicity of one, 3-O-[6-deoxy-3-O-methyl-β-D-allopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-D-oleandropyranosyl]-17β-marsdenin (3DMAOM), has not been evaluated. This study, therefore, evaluated the effects of 3DMAOM on selected brain and kidney function indices in mice. Female Swiss albino mice were randomly administered 5% dimethyl sulphoxide and different doses of 3DMAOM (0.5, 1, 2, and 4 mg/kg body weight) for fourteen (14) days, and their blood, brains, and kidneys were collected for biochemical analysis. There was no significant alteration in the activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), acetylcholinesterase, creatine kinase, Na+/K+-ATPase, Ca2+/Mg2+-ATPase, and Mg2+-ATPase in the brain of the treated groups compared to control. Also, no significant changes in the activities of ALP, gamma-glutamyltransferase, Na+/K+-ATPase, Ca2+/Mg2+-ATPase, and Mg2+-ATPase in the kidney of the treated groups compared to control. The plasma concentrations of Na+, K+, Cl-, PO43-, creatinine, and urea of mice were not significantly altered at all doses of the 3DMAOM compared to controls. However, the plasma concentration of Ca2+ was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) at all doses of the 3DMAOM, and the plasma concentration of uric acid was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) at 2 mg/kg body weight of the 3DMAOM compared to controls. These findings suggest that 3DMAOM isolated from Gongronema latifolium leaf may not adversely affect brain function but may affect calcium ion homeostasis in subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Onyedika Gabriel Ani
- Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
| | | | - Aminat Abike Azeez
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
| | - Gideon Ampoma Gyebi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bingham University, New Karu, 961105, Nasarawa, Nigeria.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Farzan M, Abedi B, Bhia I, Madanipour A, Farzan M, Bhia M, Aghaei A, Kheirollahi I, Motallebi M, Amini-Khoei H, Ertas YN. Pharmacological Activities and Molecular Mechanisms of Sinapic Acid in Neurological Disorders. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:2966-2981. [PMID: 39082749 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Sinapic acid (SA) is a phenylpropanoid derivative found in various natural sources that exhibits remarkable versatile properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and metal-chelating capabilities, establishing itself as a promising candidate for the prevention and treatment of conditions affecting the central nervous system, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), ischemic stroke, and other neurological disorders. These effects also include neuroprotection in epilepsy models, as evidenced by a reduction in seizure-like behavior, cell death in specific hippocampal regions, and lowered neuroinflammatory markers. In AD, SA treatment enhances memory, reverses cognitive deficits, and attenuates astrocyte activation. SA also has positive effects on cognition by improving memory and lowering oxidative stress. This is shown by lower levels of oxidative stress markers, higher levels of antioxidant enzyme activity, and better memory retention. Additionally, in ischemic stroke and PD models, SA provides microglial protection and exerts anti-inflammatory effects. This review emphasizes SA's multifaceted neuroprotective properties and its potential role in the prevention and treatment of various brain disorders. Despite the need for further research to fully understand its mechanisms of action and clinical applicability, SA stands out as a valuable bioactive compound in the ongoing quest to combat neurodegenerative diseases and enhance the quality of life for affected individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahan Farzan
- Student Research Committee, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord 8815713471, Iran
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord 8815783657, Iran
| | - Behnaz Abedi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran
| | - Iman Bhia
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717443, Iran
| | - Atossa Madanipour
- Student Research Committee, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj 3146883811, Iran
| | - Mahour Farzan
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord 8815783657, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bhia
- School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1996835113, Iran
| | - Ava Aghaei
- Student Research Committee, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord 8815713471, Iran
| | - Iman Kheirollahi
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8174673441, Iran
| | - Mahzad Motallebi
- Nanomedicine Research Association (NRA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran 7616911319, Iran
| | - Hossein Amini-Khoei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord 8815783657, Iran
| | - Yavuz Nuri Ertas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
- Department of Technical Sciences, Western Caspian University, AZ1001 Baku, Azerbaijan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Deepika B, Gowtham P, Raghavan V, Isaac JB, Devi S, Kiran V, Mercy DJ, Sofini PSS, Harini A, Girigoswami A, Girigoswami K. Harmony in nature's elixir: a comprehensive exploration of ethanol and nano-formulated extracts from Passiflora incarnata leaves: unveiling in vitro cytotoxicity, acute and sub-acute toxicity profiles in Swiss albino mice. J Mol Histol 2024:10.1007/s10735-024-10245-x. [PMID: 39158796 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-024-10245-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
We analyzed the toxic effect of the ethanolic extract of Passiflora incarnata (EEP) and its nanoformulation (N-EEP) in the in vitro and in vivo models (zebrafish embryos and Swiss albino mice). The EEP composition was verified by phytochemical and GC-MS analysis. The synthesized N-EEP was characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. In vitro results showed both EEP and N-EEP have a dose-dependent effect in L132 cells (normal embryonic lung cells). In zebrafish embryos, no developmental changes were observed for both EEP and N-EEP at 200 µg/ml. The acute and sub-acute toxicity of EEP and N-EEP was identified by oral administration in Swiss albino mice. A single-day oral dose of EEP and N-EEP at different concentrations was administered for acute toxicity, and changes in body weight, food, water intake, temperature, respiration rate, skin color changes, and eye color till 72 h was observed. In a sub-acute toxicity study, 28 days oral administration of different concentrations of EEP and N-EEP was done. Hematological analysis, serum hepatic biochemical parameter analysis, and histopathological analysis for the liver, kidney, spleen, intestine, and heart were performed. The results indicated that lower than 600 mg/kg of EEP and N-EEP can safely be used for the remediation of a spectrum of diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Balasubramanian Deepika
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Pemula Gowtham
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Vijayashree Raghavan
- Department of Pathology, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, 603103, India
| | - Jane Betsy Isaac
- Department of Pathology, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, 603103, India
| | - Sobita Devi
- Department of Pharmacology, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Venkatakrishnan Kiran
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Devadass Jessy Mercy
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - P S Sharon Sofini
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - A Harini
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Maduranga S, Valencia BM, Li X, Moallemi S, Rodrigo C. A systematic review and meta-analysis of comparative clinical studies on antibiotic treatment of brucellosis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19037. [PMID: 39152180 PMCID: PMC11329684 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69669-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is a difficult to treat infection that requires antibiotic combinations administered over several weeks for clearance of infection and relapse prevention. This systematic review summarizes current evidence for antibiotic treatment of human brucellosis. PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, CINAHL, Web of Science, and China Academic Journal databases were searched for prospective studies that had compared different antibiotic regimens for treating human brucellosis in the last 25 years. Thirty-four studies recruiting 4182 participants were eligible. Standard dual therapy with doxycycline + rifampicin had a higher risk of treatment failure compared to triple therapy which added streptomycin (RR: 1.98, 95% CI 1.17-3.35, p = 0.01) or levofloxacin (RR: 2.98, 95% CI 1.67-5.32, p = 0.0002), but a similar or lower risk compared to alternative dual antibiotic combinations (p > 0.05). The same combination had a higher risk of relapses compared to triple therapy which added streptomycin (RR: 22.12, 95% CI 3.48-140.52, p = 0.001), or levofloxacin (RR: 4.61, 95% CI 2.20-9.66, p < 0.0001), but a similar or lower risk compared to other dual antibiotic combinations (p > 0.05). Triple antibiotic therapy is more effective than standard dual therapy with rifampicin and doxycycline. However, the latter is also efficacious and suitable for uncomplicated disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sachith Maduranga
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Kirby Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Braulio Mark Valencia
- Kirby Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Xiaoying Li
- Kirby Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Samaneh Moallemi
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Kirby Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chaturaka Rodrigo
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Kirby Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Assaggaf H, El Hachlafi N, Elbouzidi A, Taibi M, Alnasser SM, Bendaif H, Aalilou Y, Qasem A, Attar A, Bouyahya A, Ardianto C, Ming LC, Goh KW, Fikri-Benbrahim K, Mrabti HN. Exploring the antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory potential of Lavandula officinalis essential oil: In vitro and in silico insights. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34135. [PMID: 39170293 PMCID: PMC11336354 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants have been utilized for centuries in traditional medicine systems worldwide, providing a rich source of bioactive compounds with diverse biological activities. Lavandula officinalis, a member of the Lamiaceae family, has been recognized for its multifaceted pharmacological activities. In this current investigation, our primary objective was to scrutinize the in vitro inhibitory potential of L. officinalis essential oil (LOEO) against alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase, with the aim of understanding its antidiabetic effects. Additionally, the assay encompassed tyrosinase and lipoxygenase (LOX) to assess its anti-inflammatory attributes. Unraveling the underlying molecular mechanisms of these activities prompted an in-silico study. The purpose was to establish correlations between in-vitro observations and computational insights derived from molecular docking, which forecasts the interaction of LOEO molecules with their respective targets, alongside ADMET prediction. The Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis allow to identify eighteen compounds, with the dominance of L-camphor (43.12 %), 1,8-cineole (34.27 %) and borneol (8.60 %) in LOEO. The antidiabetic evaluation revealed that LOEO exhibited noteworthy inhibitory activity against both α-amylase and α-glucosidase, displaying IC50 values of 3.14 ± 0.05 mg/mL and 2.07 ± 0.03 mg/mL, respectively. The subsequent in-silico study highlighted the particularly strong binding affinity of (E)-Farnesene, with a binding score of -7.4 kcal/mol for alpha-glucosidase, while Germacrene D displayed the highest affinity among the ligands (-7.9 kcal/mol) for the alpha-amylase target. Furthermore, the investigation into in vitro anti-inflammatory activity unveiled LOEO efficacy against tyrosinase (IC50 = 42.74 μg/mL) and LOX (IC50 = 11.58 ± 0.07 μg/mL). The in-silico analysis echoed these findings, indicating α-Cadinene's notable binding affinity of 6 kcal/mol with tyrosinase and α-Cedrene's binding score of -6.5 kcal/mol for LOX. Impressively, for both COX-1 and COX-2, α-Cedrene exhibited significant binding affinities of -7.6 and -7.3 kcal/mol, respectively. The convergence between the in vitro and in silico outcomes underscores the potential of LOEO and its constituent compounds as potent inhibitors targeting both diabetes and the inflammatory processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Assaggaf
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naoufal El Hachlafi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, P.O. Box 2202, Imouzzer Road, Fez, Morocco
- Laboratories of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Analysis Research Team, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Amine Elbouzidi
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Morocco des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Taibi
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Morocco des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
- Centre de l’Oriental des Sciences et Technologies de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (COSTEE), Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
| | - Sulaiman Mohammed Alnasser
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hajar Bendaif
- Laboratoire des Ressources Naturelles et Environnement, Faculté Polydisciplinaire de Taza, Morocco
| | - Youssra Aalilou
- Laboratories of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Analysis Research Team, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Ahmed Qasem
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ammar Attar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, 10106, Morocco
| | - Chrismawan Ardianto
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City, 47500, Malaysia
- Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Kawtar Fikri-Benbrahim
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, P.O. Box 2202, Imouzzer Road, Fez, Morocco
| | - Hanae Naceiri Mrabti
- High Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques Casablanca, Casablanca, 20250, Morocco
- Euromed Research Center, Euromed Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Engineering and Biotechnology, Euromed University of Fes (UEMF), Meknes Road, Fez, 30000, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ramadaini T, Sumiwi SA, Febrina E. The Anti-Diabetic Effects of Medicinal Plants Belonging to the Liliaceae Family: Potential Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitors. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:3595-3616. [PMID: 39156483 PMCID: PMC11330250 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s464100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disorder that has an enormous impact on people's quality of life and health. Although there is no doubt about the effectiveness of oral hypoglycemic agents combined with lifestyle management in controlling diabetes, no individual has ever been reported to have been completely cured of the disease. Globally, many medicinal plants have been used for the management of diabetes in various traditional systems of medicine. A deep look in the literature has revealed that the Liliaceae family have been poorly investigated for their antidiabetic activity and phytochemical studies. In this review, we summarize medicinal plants of Liliaceae utilized in the management of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by inhibition of α-glucosidase enzyme and phytochemical content. Methods The literature search was conducted using databases including PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar to find the significant published articles about Liliaceae plants utilized in the prevention and treatment of antidiabetics. Data were filtered to the publication period from 2013 to 2023, free full text and only English articles were included. The keywords were Liliaceae OR Alliaceae OR Amaryllidaceae AND Antidiabetic OR α-glucosidase. Results Six medicinal plants such as Allium ascalonicum, Allium cepa, Allium sativum, Aloe ferox, Anemarrhena asphodeloides, and Eremurus himalaicus are summarized. Phytochemical and α-glucosidase enzymes inhibition by in vitro, in vivo, and human studies are reported. Conclusion Plants of Liliaceae are potential as medicine herbs to regulating PPHG and prevent the progression of T2DM and its complication. In silico study, clinical application, and toxicity evaluation are needed to be investigated in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiara Ramadaini
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| | - Sri Adi Sumiwi
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| | - Ellin Febrina
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Shi P, Wang C, Lyu Y. Primary aldosteronism with hypokalemic rhabdomyolysis: a case report and review of the literature. J Med Case Rep 2024; 18:362. [PMID: 39118166 PMCID: PMC11313000 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-024-04708-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypokalemic rhabdomyolysis is a rare clinical manifestation of primary aldosteronism, making its diagnosis challenging, particularly when it becomes the primary presenting symptom. Herein, we present a case of primary aldosteronism with hypokalemic rhabdomyolysis and conduct a related literature review. CASE PRESENTATION We report the case of a 54-year-old Chinese male patient who presented with intermittent weakness over the past year and was admitted with sudden limb paralysis for 2 days. The final diagnosis was primary aldosteronism accompanied by hypokalemic rhabdomyolysis syndrome. By reviewing the related Chinese and English literature, we noticed that only a few cases were published since 1978. After excluding irrelevant literatures, we summarized and analyzed 43 patients of with primary aldosteronism accompanied by hypokalemic rhabdomyolysis syndrome. All patients showed good recovery, with normalized blood potassium levels, and a majority achieved normalized blood pressure. Some patients still required medication for blood pressure control. CONCLUSIONS Primary aldosteronism rarely causes rhabdomyolysis; the occurrence of severe hypokalemia and rhabdomyolysis should prompt consideration of primary aldosteronism in the differential diagnosis. Early detection and treatment are crucial for determining patient prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pingan Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Tianjin Hospital, 406 Jiefang South Road, Tianjin, 300210, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Tianjin Hospital of Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanjun Lyu
- Department of Endocrinology, Tianjin Hospital, 406 Jiefang South Road, Tianjin, 300210, China.
- Department of Endocrinology, Tianjin Hospital of Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kim T, Lee JH, Seo HH, Moh SH, Choi SS, Kim J, Kim SG. Genome assembly of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. provides insights into metabolisms of medicinal natural products. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2024; 14:jkae134. [PMID: 38995814 PMCID: PMC11304979 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkae134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Hibiscus sabdariffa L. is a widely cultivated herbaceous plant with diverse applications in food, tea, fiber, and medicine. In this study, we present a high-quality genome assembly of H. sabdariffa using more than 33 Gb of high-fidelity (HiFi) long-read sequencing data, corresponding to ∼20× depth of the genome. We obtained 3 genome assemblies of H. sabdariffa: 1 primary and 2 partially haplotype-resolved genome assemblies. These genome assemblies exhibit N50 contig lengths of 26.25, 11.96, and 14.50 Mb, with genome coverage of 141.3, 86.0, and 88.6%, respectively. We also utilized 26 Gb of total RNA sequencing data to predict 154k, 79k, and 87k genes in the respective assemblies. The completeness of the primary genome assembly and its predicted genes was confirmed by the benchmarking universal single-copy ortholog analysis with a completeness rate of 99.3%. Based on our high-quality genomic resources, we constructed genetic networks for phenylpropanoid and flavonoid metabolism and identified candidate biosynthetic genes, which are responsible for producing key intermediates of roselle-specific medicinal natural products. Our comprehensive genomic and functional analysis opens avenues for further exploration and application of valuable natural products in H. sabdariffa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taein Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Yuseong-gu, 34141 Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hun Lee
- Plant Cell Research Institute, BIO-FD&C Co., Ltd, Yeonsu-gu, 21990 Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Hyun Seo
- Plant Cell Research Institute, BIO-FD&C Co., Ltd, Yeonsu-gu, 21990 Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Moh
- Plant Cell Research Institute, BIO-FD&C Co., Ltd, Yeonsu-gu, 21990 Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Soo Choi
- Daesang Holdings, Jung-gu, 04513 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Kim
- Department of Convergent Bioscience and Informatics, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, 34134 Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Gyu Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Yuseong-gu, 34141 Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Attah CO, Alhaji UI, Ameh DA, Forcados GE, Muhammad A, Bashir M, Ibrahim S. In Vivo Chemosuppressive Effects of Kolaviron on 7,12-Dimethylbenzanthracene-Induced Mammary Lesions are Associated with Changes in Levels of Estrogen Receptor-α, CYP 1A1, Proinflammatory Cytokines, and Alterations to Metabolic Pathways Implicated in Mammary Carcinogenesis. J Med Food 2024. [PMID: 39093123 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Garcinia kola is a medicinal food commonly consumed in Sub-Sahara Africa, for which Kolaviron (KV) is the active portion. As a follow-up to our earlier chemopreventive studies, we investigated the chemotherapeutic effects of KV on experimentally induced mammary carcinogenesis in female Wistar rats. Mammary carcinogenesis was induced using 80 mg/kg of 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) administered by oral gavage. One hundred-fifty days post-DMBA induction, estrogen receptor-α (ER-α) levels were determined in the experimental rats before treatment with KV commenced. Treatment was done using 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg KV thrice a week for 4 weeks, after which the experiment was terminated. Significantly higher levels of estrogen receptor-α, CYP 1A1, malondialdehyde, formation of lobular neoplastic cells, epithelial hyperplasia, lymphocyte infiltration, and increased cytokine (interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α) activity were observed in DMBA-induced rats, which were attenuated in KV-treated rats. Tyrosine metabolism was exclusively enriched in DMBA-induced rats in contrast to KV-treated rats. Collectively, the results point to the chemotherapeutic potential of KV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Ojebbah Attah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Umar Ismail Alhaji
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Danladi Amodu Ameh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Zaria, Nigeria
| | | | - Aliyu Muhammad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Musa Bashir
- Center for Dryland Agriculture, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Sani Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Zaria, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kavuncuoğlu D, Yılmaz S, Koşan Z. Climatic factors correlate with emergency visits due to animal injuries in Southern Turkey: A single-center retrospective study. Injury 2024; 55:111688. [PMID: 38943796 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2024.111688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animal-related injuries are among the major causes of morbidity and mortality all over the world, especially in rural areas. This study aims to determine the characteristic features of animal-related injury cases presented to the emergency department and to evaluate their temporal trends and relationships with climatic factors. METHODS Among the animal-related injury cases, those who applied between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2021, in a small seaside town in Turkey were included in the study. Application date, age, gender, ICD code, and prognosis constitute the variables from the hospital information management system within the relevant date range. Meteorological data were taken from Hatay Meteorological Directorate as average daily temperature ( °C) and humidity (g/m3). Descriptive statistics are presented using mean, standard error, number, percentage, and ratio. Kruskal-Wallis, Pearson correlation analysis, linear trend analysis, chi-square, and t-test were used in the analyses. The statistical significance level was accepted as p < 0.05. RESULTS A total of 6634 animal-related injuries were included in the study. The average age of the injured was 26.1 ± 21.1 years and 60.3 % were male. Injuries were most frequently observed in the 0-9 age group (29.9 %). Of all the cases, around 0.1 % were hospitalized and there were no reported deaths. Injuries caused by mammalian species accounted for 85 % of the cases. The number of recorded cases was lowest in 2018 and highest in 2021. Over the five years, animal-related injuries showed an increase trend which was not statistically significant (R2 = 0.216, p= 0.430). The injury cases showed a marked seasonality; numbers tended to increase in March and reached the highest level between June and September. While a significant and positive relationship was observed between the daily average temperature and the number of cases (r = 0.428, p < 0.001), there was no correlation between the average relative humidity and the injury numbers (p = 0.537). CONCLUSION This study revealed that animal-related injuries were commonly seen in children and young middle-aged adult groups and during warmer seasons. Based on the results of the study, we suggest several strategies to reduce the public health impact of animal-induced injuries, such as region-specific intervention programs adapted to animal species and seasonal changes, educational campaigns targeting children during the warmer seasons, and improved data recording systems for the cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Kavuncuoğlu
- Samandağ District Health Directorate, Samandağ İlçe Sağlık Müdürlüğü, Hatay, Turkey.
| | - Sinan Yılmaz
- Atatürk University, Department of Public Health, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Zahide Koşan
- Atatürk University, Department of Public Health, Erzurum, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kohansal B, fathollahzadeh S, Ghezeljeh AB, Najafi S, Saeidi N. A Systematic Review on Hearing and Balance in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease with and Without Hemodialysis. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024; 76:2939-2947. [PMID: 39130234 PMCID: PMC11306716 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-024-04586-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Exploring the auditory and vestibular manifestations associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been growing in recent years. Understanding these complaints in CKD patients is crucial for comprehensive patient care. This review aimed to investigate the audiological findings and profiles across various stages of CKD and guide for informed decision-making in their management. Methods Relevant articles from PubMed, ScienceDirect, EBSCO Medline, SCOPUS, Google Scholar, and Clinical Key were identified for review. The selected articles were published from 2008 to 2023 and written in English language. A total of 41 articles on auditory and vestibular assessments in CKD were eligible for review. Results Pure tone audiometry (PTA), immittance audiometry (IA) and otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) were the most commonly employed hearing tests respectively, with a higher frequency of utilization in hemodialysis cases compared to non-hemodialysis ones. Also, vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) emerged as the most popular vestibular test among hemodialysis patients while questionnaires were frequently employed in CKD patients. Moreover, our analysis suggests a potential association between the duration of hemodialysis and the development of tinnitus and vertigo. Abnormalities were also observed in auditory brainstem response (ABR), speech audiometry, central auditory processing tests and videonystagmography (VNG) assessment in hemodialysis and non-hemodialysis patients. Conclusion CKD patients, particularly those undergoing hemodialysis, face a higher risk of hearing loss, tinnitus, and vestibular complaints. Performing otoacoustic emissions and vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials along with PTA on CKD patients, regardless of the disease stage is recommended to more effective management of audiovestibular complaints in these population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Behieh Kohansal
- Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Golestan Blvd., Ghods Town, Arak, Iran
| | - Saba fathollahzadeh
- Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Golestan Blvd., Ghods Town, Arak, Iran
| | | | - Sirvan Najafi
- Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Golestan Blvd., Ghods Town, Arak, Iran
| | - Nasser Saeidi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Telange DR, Mahajan NM, Mandale T, More S, Warokar A. Pongamia pinnata seed extract-mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticle loaded nanogel for estimation of their antipsoriatic properties. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2024; 47:1409-1431. [PMID: 38995363 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-024-03058-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
This research describes the eco-friendly green synthesis of silver nanoparticles employing Pongamia pinnata seed extracts loaded with nanogel formulations (AgNPs CUD NG) to improve the retention, accumulation, and the penetration of AgNPs into the epidermal layer of psoriasis. AgNPs were synthesized using the Box-Behnken design. Optimized AgNPs and AgNPs CUD NG were physico-chemically evaluated using UV-vis spectroscopy, SEM, FT-IR, PXRD, viscosity, spreadability, and retention studies. It was also functionally assessed using an imiquimod-induced rat model. The entrapment efficiency of AgNPs revealed ~ 79.35%. Physico-chemical parameters announced the formation of AgNPs via surface plasmon resonance and interaction between O-H, C = O, and amide I carbonyl group of protein extract and AgNO3. Optimized AgNPs showed spherical NPs ~ 116 nm with better physical stability and suitability for transdermal applications. AgNPs CUD NG revealed non-Newtonian, higher spreadability, and better extrudability, indicating its suitability for a transdermal route. AgNPs CUD NG enhanced the retention of AgNPs on the psoriatic skin compared to normal skin. Optimized formulations exhibit no irritation by the end of 72 h, indicating formulation safety. AgNPs CUD NG at a dose of 1 FTU showed significant recovery from psoriasis with a PASI score of ~ 0.8 compared to NG base and marketed formulations. Results indicated that seed extract-assisted AgNPs in association with CUD-based NG formulations could be a promising nanocarrier for psoriasis and other skin disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darshan R Telange
- Datta Meghe College of Pharmacy, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to Be University), Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha, 442004, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Nilesh M Mahajan
- Dadasaheb Balpande College of Pharmacy, Rashtrasant Tukdoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, 440037, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Tushar Mandale
- Dadasaheb Balpande College of Pharmacy, Rashtrasant Tukdoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, 440037, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sachin More
- Dadasaheb Balpande College of Pharmacy, Rashtrasant Tukdoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, 440037, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amol Warokar
- Dadasaheb Balpande College of Pharmacy, Rashtrasant Tukdoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, 440037, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Cansız D, Ünal İ, Gani Sürmen M, Sürmen S, Sezer Z, Beler M, Güzel E, Alturfan AA, Emekli-Alturfan E. Gentisic acid exerts neuroprotective effects in neurotoxin-induced Parkinson's disease model in zebrafish: Cross-talk between pathways related with neurodegeneration in the gut-brain axis. Brain Res 2024; 1836:148952. [PMID: 38643930 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Given that global prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD) is expected to rise over the next few decades, understanding the mechanisms and causes of PD is critical. With emphasis on gut-brain axis, we sought to assess the impact of gentisic acid (GA), a diphenolic compound generated from benzoic acid, in rotenone (Rot) induced PD model in zebrafish. For thirty days, adult zebrafish were exposed to GA and rotenone. Tox-Track program was used to analyze locomotor behaviors in the control, GA, Rot, and Rot + GA groups. LC-MS/MS was performed in brain and intestinal tissues. Proteome Discoverer 2.4 was used to analyze raw files, peptide lists were searched against Danio rerio proteins. Protein interactions or annotations were obtained from STRING database. Tyrosine hydroxylase (Th) staining was performed immunohistochemically in the brain. PD-related gene expressions were determined by RT-PCR. Lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase, and acetylcholinesterase were measured spectrophotometrically. Improved locomotor behaviors were observed by GA treatment in Rot group as evidenced by increased average speed, exploration rate, and total distance. 5214 proteins were identified in intestinal tissues, 4114 proteins were identified in brain by LC-MS/MS. Rotenone exposure altered protein expressions related to oxidative phosphorylation in brain and intestines. Protein expressions involved in ferroptis and actin cytoskeleton changed in brain and intestines. Altered protein expressions were improved by GA. GA ameliorated Th-immunoreactivity in brain, improved park2, park7, pink1, and lrrk2 expressions. Our results show that GA may be a candidate agent to be evaluated for its potential protective effect for PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Derya Cansız
- Department Medipol University, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - İsmail Ünal
- Marmara University, Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Gani Sürmen
- University of Health Sciences, Hamidiye Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Molecular Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Saime Sürmen
- University of Health Sciences, Hamidiye Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Molecular Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zehra Sezer
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Merih Beler
- Marmara University, Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Güzel
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - A Ata Alturfan
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Emekli-Alturfan
- Marmara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sulieman AME, Abdallah EM, Alanazi NA, Idriss H, Adnan M, Jamal A, Shommo SAM, Snoussi M. Bioactive profiling of Rumex vesicarius L. from the Hail region of Saudi Arabia: a study on its phytochemical and elemental analysis, antibiofilm, antibacterial, antioxidant properties, and molecular docking analysis. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1421143. [PMID: 39135876 PMCID: PMC11317419 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1421143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Rumex vesicarius is a wild leafy plant belonging to the family Polygonaceae, renowned for its therapeutic benefits. The genus Rumex comprises approximately 150 species distributed globally. Objective The study aimed to investigate the biological activities of R. vesicarius using in vitro and in silico methods. Methods Rumex vesicarius was collected from the mountains in Hail and extracted with methanol. The phytochemical composition was qualitatively determined using colorimetric detection methods. Additional analyses included elemental analysis, in silico docking, antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-biofilm properties. Results The extract contained various classes of phytochemicals, including flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, terpenes, and saponins. Sixteen constituents were identified through molecular docking, revealing inhibition against the filamentous temperature-sensitive protein Z (FtsZ), a crucial factor in bacterial cell division. Six compounds exhibited low binding scores ranging from -8.3 to -5.0 kcal/mol, indicating efficient interaction at the active site. Elemental analysis identified 15 elements, with potassium being the most abundant, followed by calcium, aluminum, silicon, iron, phosphorus, sulfur, magnesium, titanium, strontium, zinc, manganese, bromine, and chromium. Antioxidant analysis revealed significant properties at lower concentrations compared to ascorbic acid, butylated hydroxytoluene, and β-carotene. Antibacterial analysis demonstrated inhibitory effects on Bacillus subtilis MTCC121 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC 741, with inhibition zones of 13.67 ± 1.0 mm and 11.50 ± 1.0 mm, respectively. The MIC and MBC values ranged from 250 to 500 μg/mL. R. vesicarius also exhibited anti-biofilm activity. Conclusion Wild-grown R. vesicarius from the mountains of Hail is rich in bioactive phytochemicals and essential minerals, exhibiting notable antioxidant and antibacterial properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Emad M. Abdallah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Naimah Asid Alanazi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hajo Idriss
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Deanship of Scientific Research, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arshad Jamal
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mejdi Snoussi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Trivedi C, Reddy P, Rizvi A, Husain K, Brown K, Mansuri Z, Nabi M, Jain S. Traumatic Brain Injury and Risk of Schizophrenia and Other Non-mood Psychotic Disorders: Findings From a Large Inpatient Database in the United States. Schizophr Bull 2024; 50:924-930. [PMID: 38639321 PMCID: PMC11283186 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbae047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is linked with an increased risk of schizophrenia and other non-mood psychotic disorders (psychotic disorders), but the prevalence and contributing factors of these psychiatric conditions post-TBI remain unclear. This study explores this link to identify key risk factors in TBI patients. METHODS We used the 2017 National Inpatient Sample dataset. Patients with a history of TBI (n = 26 187) were identified and matched 1:1 by age and gender to controls without TBI (n = 26 187). We compared clinical and demographic characteristics between groups. The association between TBI and psychotic disorders was explored using the logistic regression analysis, and results were presented as Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS Psychotic disorders were significantly more prevalent in TBI patients (10.9%) vs controls (4.7%) (P < .001). Adjusted odds of psychotic disorders were 2.2 times higher for TBI patients (95% CI 2.05-2.43, P < .001). Male TBI patients had higher psychotic disorders prevalence than females (11.9% vs 8.4%). Younger age, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, substance abuse, personality disorders, and intellectual disability are associated with an increased risk of psychotic disorders in men. CONCLUSION Our study found that hospitalized TBI patients had 2.2 times higher odds of Schizophrenia non-mood psychotic disorder, indicating an association. This highlights the need for early screening of psychotic disorders and intervention in TBI patients, calling for more research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chintan Trivedi
- Department of Psychiatry, Texas Tech University Health Science Center at Odessa/Permian Basin, Odessa, TX, USA
| | - Preetam Reddy
- Department of Psychiatry, Baptist Health-UAMS Medical Education Program, North Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Abid Rizvi
- Department of Behavioral Medicine and Psychiatry West Virginia University, Morgan Town, WV, USA
| | - Karrar Husain
- Department of Psychiatry, Texas Tech University Health Science Center at Odessa/Permian Basin, Odessa, TX, USA
| | - Kimberly Brown
- Department of Psychiatry, Texas Tech University Health Science Center at Odessa/Permian Basin, Odessa, TX, USA
| | - Zeeshan Mansuri
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children’s Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mahamudun Nabi
- Department of Psychiatry, Texas Tech University Health Science Center at Odessa/Permian Basin, Odessa, TX, USA
| | - Shailesh Jain
- Department of Psychiatry, Texas Tech University Health Science Center at Odessa/Permian Basin, Odessa, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Al-Khlifeh EM, Alkhazi IS, Alrowaily MA, Alghamdi M, Alrashidi M, Tarawneh AS, Alkhawaldeh IM, Hassanat AB. Extended Spectrum beta-Lactamase Bacteria and Multidrug Resistance in Jordan are Predicted Using a New Machine-Learning system. Infect Drug Resist 2024; 17:3225-3240. [PMID: 39081458 PMCID: PMC11287471 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s469877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence of microorganisms with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) is on the rise, posing a significant public health concern. The current application of machine learning (ML) focuses on predicting bacterial resistance to optimize antibiotic therapy. This study employs ML to forecast the occurrence of bacteria that generate ESBL and demonstrate resistance to multiple antibiotics (MDR). Methods Six popular ML algorithms were initially trained on antibiotic resistance test patient reports (n = 489) collected from Al-Hussein/Salt Hospital in Jordan. Trained outcome models predict ESBL and multidrug resistance profiles based on microbiological and patients' clinical data. The results were utilized to select the optimal ML method to predict ESBL's most associated features. Results Escherichia coli (E. coli, 82%) was the most commonly identified microbe generating ESBL, displaying multidrug resistance. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) constituted the most frequently observed clinical diagnosis (68.7%). Classification and Regression Trees (CART) and Random Forest (RF) classifiers emerged as the most effective algorithms. The relevant features associated with the emergence of ESBL include age and different classes of antibiotics, including cefuroxime, ceftazidime, cefepime, trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin. Fosfomycin nitrofurantoin, piperacillin/tazobactam, along with amikacin, meropenem, and imipenem, had a pronounced inverse relationship with the ESBL class. Conclusion CART and RF-based ML algorithms can be employed to predict the most important features of ESBL. The significance of monitoring trends in ESBL infections is emphasized to facilitate the administration of appropriate antibiotic therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enas M Al-Khlifeh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-salt, 19117, Jordan
| | - Ibrahim S Alkhazi
- College of Computers & Information Technology, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 47512, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed Abdullah Alrowaily
- Department of Computer Science, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansoor Alghamdi
- Computer Science Department, Applied College, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malek Alrashidi
- Computer Science Department, Applied College, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad S Tarawneh
- Faculty of Information Technology, Mutah University, Al-Karak, Jordan
| | | | - Ahmad B Hassanat
- Faculty of Information Technology, Mutah University, Al-Karak, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Bahar R, Chegeni MJ, Tahvildari A, Sani M, Khakpour Y, Hashemabady M, Sagharichi M, Balaghirad N, Taghizadeh M, Mehranpour M, Bayat AH, Fathi M, Vakili K, Roustaee S, Nourirad SN, Babaei MR, Aliaghaei A, Eskandari N, Lahiji H. Bromelain decreases oxidative stress and Neuroinflammation and improves motor function in adult male rats with cerebellar Ataxia induced by 3-acetylpyridine. Neuropeptides 2024; 107:102455. [PMID: 39094391 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2024.102455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Bromelain is a plant-based molecule with antioxidant, antithrombotic, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. Bromelain has been shown to reduce the release of inflammatory cytokines. This study aimed to determine whether bromelain can prevent ataxia in rats caused by 3-acetylpyridine (3-AP). Thirty-six albino rats were divided into the control, 3-AP, and 3-AP + Brom groups. In the 3-AP + Brom group, bromelain was injected intraperitoneally at 40 mg/kg daily for 30 days. Various techniques such as rotarod, electromyography (EMG), elevated plus maze, IHC, and Sholl analysis were used to evaluate the possible effects of bromelain on cerebellar neurons and glial cells. The results demonstrated significant improvements in most of the 3-AP + Brom, including motor coordination, neuromuscular response, anxiety, oxidative capacity, microgliosis, astrogliosis, cell death, and morphological variables compared to the 3-AP group. The mechanism of action of bromelain in restoring cerebellar ataxia needs further investigation, but it may be a candidate to help restore degeneration in animals with ataxia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Bahar
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Jahani Chegeni
- Medical Radiation Research Center, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azin Tahvildari
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Sani
- Integrative Brain Health and Wellness, Neuroscience, Neuronutrition, Psychology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Neurocognitive, Cognitive Enhancement, Brain Health Optimization, SNSI-Sanineurosapiens Institute, Hanover, Germany
| | - Yaser Khakpour
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Hashemabady
- Student Research Committee, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mastooreh Sagharichi
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nika Balaghirad
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghizadeh
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mehranpour
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir-Hossein Bayat
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Sciences and Advanced Technology in Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mobina Fathi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran
| | - Kimia Vakili
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Susan Roustaee
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Naghmeh Nourirad
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Babaei
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Firouzgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Aliaghaei
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Neda Eskandari
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran.
| | - Hormoz Lahiji
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ho KL, Yong PH, Lim SH, Ng ZX. Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth suppresses glycation-induced inflammatory response in human retinal pigment epithelial cell line ARPE-19 via JAK-STAT3 signaling. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024:e2400299. [PMID: 39037823 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202400299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
The formation of advanced glycation end product (AGE) is a risk factor for diabetic retinopathy. Since the current treatment for diabetic retinopathy is accompanied by side effects, preliminary findings have suggested Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth as a potential alternative therapeutic option for diabetic retinopathy. This study aimed to elucidate the anti-inflammatory mechanism of P. pellucida in the AGE-stimulated human retinal pigment epithelial cell line ARPE-19. Phytochemical analysis revealed phenylpronanoids, terpenes, and fatty acids in P. pellucida. Through in vitro cell viability assay, the P. pellucida methanolic extract (IC50 = 8.70 mg/mL) and ethyl acetate fraction (IC50 = 7.34 mg/mL) were considered as non toxic for ARPE-19. AGE induced an inflammatory response in ARPE-19 by upregulating the gene (2.4-5.8-fold) and protein (1.4-2.3-fold) expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), interleukin-8 (IL-8), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, matrix metalloproteinase 2, and vascular endothelial growth factor. At 1.5 mg/mL, P. pellucida methanolic extract suppressed IL-8 expression (p < 0.05), implying its anti-inflammatory action at the early inflammatory stage through the Janus kinase (JAK)-STAT3 pathway. The methanolic extract also restored the ARPE-19 viability under AGE-induced inflammatory stress. The downregulation of inflammatory biomarkers along the JAK-STAT3 pathway suggested P. pellucida as a promising anti-inflammatory source for diabetic retinopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keat Lam Ho
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Phaik Har Yong
- School of Bioscience, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siew Huah Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zhi Xiang Ng
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Feune PKM, Keumedjio PT, Béboy SNE, Jignoua YS, Massah FJ, Saidou ST, Ndjakou BL, Lunga PK, Moundipa PF. UHPLC-MS/MS profiling and in vivo aphrodisiac and androgenic effects of the aqueous extract of the roots of Schumanniophyton magnificum (K. Schum.) Harms. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 335:118598. [PMID: 39032665 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Schumanniophyton magnificum is a medicinal plant used to manage many ailments including malaria, skin diseases, parasitic infections, male sexual dysfunctions, female infertility and typhoid fever. However, no scientific investigation has been made for its folkloric use by the "Baka" Pygmies of Cameroon as an aphrodisiac. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the aphrodisiac and androgenic activities of the aqueous extract of the roots of Schumanniophyton magnificum in male rats and analyze the phytoconstituents by UHPLC/MS. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-five male rats of 16-weeks old were divided into 5 groups and orally treated for 30 days with distilled water (10 ml/kg), or sildenafil citrate (5 mg/kg), or the aqueous extract of Schumanniophyton magnificum (43 mg/kg, 86 mg/kg and 172 mg/kg). The sexual behaviour parameters were monitored on day 1 and 30 by pairing male rats to receptive females. At the end of the experiment, rats were killed and the blood and reproductive organs were collected for histological sectioning, sperm analysis and biochemical analysis. The presence of phytoconstituents and their structures were revealed by UHPLC/MS. RESULTS The plant extract significantly increased the mount, ejaculation and intromission frequencies in comparison to those in the normal control group; and significantly doubled the serum testosterone levels (2.15 ± 0.70 ng/ml) compared to the normal control group. UHPLC/MS of the aqueous extract of Schumanniophyton magnificum identified 7 major compounds such as Schumanniofioside A, Noreugenin and Rohitukine, with antioxidant and antibacterial activities. The plant extracts significantly increased the penile nitric oxide levels (P <0.05). These results were similar to those obtained after administration of sildenafil citrate. CONCLUSIONS The aqueous extract of Schumanniophyton magnificum could be an alternative for erectile dysfunction management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Kevin Moto Feune
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Paulin Teko Keumedjio
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Sara Nathalie Edjenguèlè Béboy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Yannick Sani Jignoua
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Fabiola Jenny Massah
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 1364, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Sylvestre Tsila Saidou
- Department of Chemistry, Higher Teacher Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 47, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Bruno Lenta Ndjakou
- Department of Chemistry, Higher Teacher Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 47, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Paul Keilah Lunga
- Antimicrobial Agents Unit, Laboratory for Phytobiochemistry and Medicinal Plants Studies, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Cameroon.
| | - Paul Fewou Moundipa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Andrade AYTD, Canicoba ARB, Oliveira RA, Gnatta JR, de Brito Poveda V. Risk factors for infection associated with the use of external ventricular drainage: a systematic review with meta-analysis. J Hosp Infect 2024:S0195-6701(24)00253-6. [PMID: 39032570 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2024.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infection associated with the use of the External Ventricular Drainage (EVD) catheter in neurosurgery is linked to high morbidity and mortality, and various mechanisms are related to its occurrence. This systematic review aims to summarise and update the risk factors associated with EVD-related infection. METHOD Systematic review with meta-analysis, utilising grey literature and indexed databases. FINDINGS Thirty studies were included, of which nine contributed to the meta-analysis. The reported frequency of EVD-related infection varied from 1.9% to 36%, and the diagnostic criteria for infection were not standardized, with the presence of a positive culture being the most common. The primary microorganisms identified were Staphylococcus sp. and Pseudomonas sp. Key risk factors included duration of catheterisation, frequency of maintenance care, reinsertion, or number of drains. The results of the meta-analysis showed a significant effect in patients with prolonged use of EVDs, with an increase in risk of 1.47 (OR) [CI 95%, 1.03; 2,10] for each day of use (p=0.03), and showed that the number of cerebrospinal fluid collections was higher in the group with infection (p=0.00), while a greater number of EVDs used was related to a significant effect on infection rates (p=0.00), which were revealed from studies with low heterogeneity (I2: 0%). CONCLUSION The results indicated studies with high heterogeneity and low quality of evidence, with risk factors associated with the maintenance or management of EVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ramon Antônio Oliveira
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Rizzo Gnatta
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Core Staff Member of The Brazilian Centre for Evidence-based Healthcare. São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vanessa de Brito Poveda
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Core Staff Member of The Brazilian Centre for Evidence-based Healthcare. São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hasan K, Sabiha S, Islam N, Pinto JF, Silva O. Ethnomedicinal Usage, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Potential of Solanum surattense Burm. f. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:948. [PMID: 39065797 PMCID: PMC11280019 DOI: 10.3390/ph17070948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Solanum surattense Burm. f. is a significant member of the Solanaceae family, and the Solanum genus is renowned for its traditional medicinal uses and bioactive potential. This systematic review adheres to PRISMA methodology, analyzing scientific publications between 1753 and 2023 from B-on, Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and Web of Science, aiming to provide comprehensive and updated information on the distribution, ethnomedicinal uses, chemical constituents, and pharmacological activities of S. surattense, highlighting its potential as a source of herbal drugs. Ethnomedicinally, this species is important to treat skin diseases, piles complications, and toothache. The fruit was found to be the most used part of this plant (25%), together with the whole plant (22%) used to treat different ailments, and its decoction was found to be the most preferable mode of herbal drug preparation. A total of 338 metabolites of various chemical classes were isolated from S. surattense, including 137 (40.53%) terpenoids, 56 (16.56%) phenol derivatives, and 52 (15.38%) lipids. Mixtures of different parts of this plant in water-ethanol have shown in vitro and/or in vivo antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-tumoral, hepatoprotective, and larvicidal activities. Among the metabolites, 51 were identified and biologically tested, presenting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumoral as the most reported activities. Clinical trials in humans made with the whole plant extract showed its efficacy as an anti-asthmatic agent. Mostly steroidal alkaloids and triterpenoids, such as solamargine, solanidine, solasodine, solasonine, tomatidine, xanthosaponin A-B, dioscin, lupeol, and stigmasterol are biologically the most active metabolites with high potency that reflects the new and high potential of this species as a novel source of herbal medicines. More experimental studies and a deeper understanding of this plant must be conducted to ensure its use as a source of raw materials for pharmaceutical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamrul Hasan
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (K.H.); (S.S.); (J.F.P.)
| | - Shabnam Sabiha
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (K.H.); (S.S.); (J.F.P.)
| | - Nurul Islam
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh;
| | - João F. Pinto
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (K.H.); (S.S.); (J.F.P.)
| | - Olga Silva
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (K.H.); (S.S.); (J.F.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Russell N, Vieira EJ, Freeman LR, Eastman AL, Khan U, Schluterman HM, Beakes C, Kirkpatrick S, Grant JL. Diagnostic and therapeutic considerations in cases of civilian intravascular ballistic embolism: a review of case reports. Trauma Surg Acute Care Open 2024; 9:e001390. [PMID: 39005707 PMCID: PMC11243208 DOI: 10.1136/tsaco-2024-001390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ballistic embolism (BE) is a rare complication of firearm injuries notoriously associated with a vexing clinical picture in the trauma bay. Unless considered early, the associated confusion can lead to needless delay in the management of the patient with a gunshot wound. Despite this known entity, there is a relative paucity of high-grade evidence regarding complications, management, and follow-up in these patients. Methods An electronic database literature search was conducted to identify cases of acute intravascular BE in pediatric and adult civilians occurring during index hospitalization, filtered to publications during the past 10 years. Exclusion criteria included non-vascular embolization, injuries occurring in the military setting, and delayed migration defined as occurring after discharge from the index hospitalization. Results A total of 136 cases were analyzed. Nearly all cases of BE occurred within 48 hours of presentation. Compared with venous emboli, arterial emboli were significantly more likely to be symptomatic (71% vs. 7%, p<0.001), and 43% of patients developed symptoms attributable to BE in the trauma bay. In addition, arterial emboli were significantly less likely to be managed non-invasively (19% vs. 49%, p<0.001). Open retrieval was significantly more likely to be successful compared with endovascular attempts (91% vs. 29%, p<0.001). Patients with arterial emboli were more likely to receive follow-up (52% vs. 39%) and any attempt at retrieval during the hospitalization was significantly associated with outpatient follow-up (p=0.034). All but one patient remained stable or had clinically improved symptoms after discharge. Conclusion Consideration for BE is reasonable in any patient with new or persistent unexplained signs or symptoms, especially during the first 48 hours after a penetrating firearm injury. Although venous BE can often be safely observed, arterial BE generally necessitates urgent retrieval. Patients who are managed non-invasively may benefit from follow-up in the first year after injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Russell
- Anne Burnett Marion School of Medicine, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Ethan J Vieira
- Anne Burnett Marion School of Medicine, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Lexi R Freeman
- Anne Burnett Marion School of Medicine, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Alexander L Eastman
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Uzer Khan
- Department of Surgery, Texas Health Harris Methodist Hospital Fort Worth, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
- Department of Surgery, Anne Burnett Marion School of Medicine at Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Haley M Schluterman
- Anne Burnett Marion School of Medicine, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Caroline Beakes
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
| | - Sioned Kirkpatrick
- Department of Surgery, Texas Health Harris Methodist Hospital Fort Worth, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Jennifer L Grant
- Department of Surgery, Texas Health Harris Methodist Hospital Fort Worth, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
- Department of Surgery, Anne Burnett Marion School of Medicine at Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Gomulski J, Grzegorczyk-Karolak I. Clerodendrum trichotomum Thunberg-An Ornamental Shrub with Medical Properties. Molecules 2024; 29:3272. [PMID: 39064848 PMCID: PMC11279216 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29143272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Harlequin glory bower (Clerodendrum trichotomum) is a shrub or small tree belonging to the Lamiaceae family, native to Japan, Korea, and eastern China. It has esthetic value and in Europe, it is cultivated as an ornamental plant. Its sweet-smelling flowers have a white or pink crown. The calyx turns from green to pink-purple over time, providing an especially decorative touch around surrounding the ripe deep-blue fruits that persist until winter. In the areas of its natural occurrence, the leaves and young shoots of C. trichotomum, and sometimes the roots, flowers and fruits, are used in folk medicine due to its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anticancer, sedative, and hypotensive effects. Products based on Harlequin glory are also used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, joint pain, skin inflammation, or asthma. Preliminary research on the composition of raw material suggests that its health-promoting effect is associated with the presence of numerous secondary metabolites, including phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, lignans, terpenoids, steroids, alkaloids, and anthraquinones. This work reviews the current state of knowledge about the phytochemistry and in vitro and in vivo pharmacological properties of the extracts and main active components isolated from C. trichotomum. It also indicates that before it can be used in modern medicine, further research is necessary regarding the safety and efficacy of the raw material, its mechanisms of action, and dosage.
Collapse
|
29
|
Catalano A, Ceramella J, Iacopetta D, Marra M, Conforti F, Lupi FR, Gabriele D, Borges F, Sinicropi MS. Aloe vera-An Extensive Review Focused on Recent Studies. Foods 2024; 13:2155. [PMID: 38998660 PMCID: PMC11241682 DOI: 10.3390/foods13132155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Since ancient times, Aloe vera L. (AV) has attracted scientific interest because of its multiple cosmetic and medicinal properties, attributable to compounds present in leaves and other parts of the plant. The collected literature data show that AV and its products have a beneficial influence on human health, both by topical and oral use, as juice or an extract. Several scientific studies demonstrated the numerous biological activities of AV, including, for instance, antiviral, antimicrobial, antitumor, and antifungal. Moreover, its important antidepressant activity in relation to several diseases, including skin disorders (psoriasis, acne, and so on) and prediabetes, is a growing field of research. This comprehensive review intends to present the most significant and recent studies regarding the plethora of AV's biological activities and an in-depth analysis exploring the component/s responsible for them. Moreover, its morphology and chemical composition are described, along with some studies regarding the single components of AV available in commerce. Finally, valorization studies and a discussion about the metabolism and toxicological aspects of this "Wonder Plant" are reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Jessica Ceramella
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Domenico Iacopetta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Maria Marra
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Filomena Conforti
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Francesca R Lupi
- Department of Information, Modeling, Electronics and System Engineering, (D.I.M.E.S.), University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo 39C, CS, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Domenico Gabriele
- Department of Information, Modeling, Electronics and System Engineering, (D.I.M.E.S.), University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo 39C, CS, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Fernanda Borges
- CIQUP-IMS-Centro de Investigação em Química da Universidade do Porto, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Stefania Sinicropi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Jia J, Lietz S, Barth H, Ernst K. The antiarrhythmic drugs amiodarone and dronedarone inhibit intoxication of cells with pertussis toxin. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03247-9. [PMID: 38958734 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03247-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Pertussis toxin (PT) is a virulent factor produced by Bordetella pertussis, the causative agent of whooping cough. PT exerts its pathogenic effects by ADP-ribosylating heterotrimeric G proteins, disrupting cellular signaling pathways. Here, we investigate the potential of two antiarrhythmic drugs, amiodarone and dronedarone, in mitigating PT-induced cellular intoxication. After binding to cells, PT is endocytosed, transported from the Golgi to the endoplasmic reticulum where the enzyme subunit PTS1 is released from the transport subunit of PT. PTS1 is translocated into the cytosol where it ADP-ribosylates inhibitory α-subunit of G-protein coupled receptors (Gαi). We showed that amiodarone and dronedarone protected CHO cells and human A549 cells from PT-intoxication by analyzing the ADP-ribosylation status of Gαi. Amiodarone had no effect on PT binding to cells or in vitro enzyme activity of PTS1 but reduced the signal of PTS1 in the cell suggesting that amiodarone interferes with intracellular transport of PTS1. Moreover, dronedarone mitigated the PT-mediated effect on cAMP signaling in a cell-based bioassay. Taken together, our findings underscore the inhibitory effects of amiodarone and dronedarone on PT-induced cellular intoxication, providing valuable insights into drug repurposing for infectious disease management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinfang Jia
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacology of Natural Products, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Stefanie Lietz
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacology of Natural Products, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Holger Barth
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacology of Natural Products, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Katharina Ernst
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacology of Natural Products, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chike-Ekwughe A, John-Africa LB, Adebayo AH, Ogunlana OO. Antioxidative and anti-diabetic effects of Tapinanthus cordifolius leaf extract on high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116774. [PMID: 38820976 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains a global health concern despite current treatment options. This study investigated the potential of Tapinanthus cordifolius (TC) leaf extract as a therapeutic agent for T2DM. T2DM was induced in rats using a high-fat diet and streptozotocin. Diabetic rats received daily oral administration of TC extract (200, 400, or 800 mg/kg) and metformin (400 mg/kg) or remained untreated for 21 days. Blood glucose levels, body weight, diabetic symptoms, oxidative stress markers, and gene expression of metabolic regulators were assessed. TC treatment significantly reduced blood glucose levels and restored body weight in diabetic rats, comparable to the effects of metformin. TC also increased antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, GST, and CAT) and decreased lipid peroxidation in various tissues. Furthermore, TC upregulated gene expression of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT-4) and adiponectin receptor 2 (ADIPOR-2) while downregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6. This study provides the first in vivo evidence supporting TC leaf extract's anti-diabetic and antioxidant efficacy. The findings suggest that TC holds promise as a natural therapeutic agent for managing T2DM through multiple mechanisms, including improved glycemic control, enhanced insulin sensitivity, and protection against oxidative stress and tissue damage. In conclusion, this study validates the ethnobotanical use of TC as an anti-diabetic agent. Further research is warranted to isolate the bioactive compounds responsible for these effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amarachi Chike-Ekwughe
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria; Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Computing and Applied Sciences, Baze University, Abuja, Nigeria.
| | - Lucy Binda John-Africa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute for Pharmaceutical and Research Development, Idu Industrial Area, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Abiodun Humphrey Adebayo
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Olubanke Olujoke Ogunlana
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Gibbs VJ, Lin YH, Ghuge AA, Anderson RA, Schiemann AH, Conaglen L, Sansom BJM, da Silva RC, Sattlegger E. GCN2 in Viral Defence and the Subversive Tactics Employed by Viruses. J Mol Biol 2024; 436:168594. [PMID: 38724002 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2024.168594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
The recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and associated COVID19 disease illustrates the important role of viral defence mechanisms in ensuring survival and recovery of the host or patient. Viruses absolutely depend on the host's protein synthesis machinery to replicate, meaning that impeding translation is a powerful way to counteract viruses. One major approach used by cells to obstruct protein synthesis is to phosphorylate the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2α). Mammals possess four different eIF2α-kinases: PKR, HRI, PEK/PERK, and GCN2. While PKR is currently considered the principal eIF2α-kinase involved in viral defence, the other eIF2α-kinases have also been found to play significant roles. Unsurprisingly, viruses have developed mechanisms to counteract the actions of eIF2α-kinases, or even to exploit them to their benefit. While some of these virulence factors are specific to one eIF2α-kinase, such as GCN2, others target all eIF2α-kinases. This review critically evaluates the current knowledge of viral mechanisms targeting the eIF2α-kinase GCN2. A detailed and in-depth understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which viruses evade host defence mechanisms will help to inform the development of powerful anti-viral measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria J Gibbs
- School of Food Technology and Natural Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Yu H Lin
- School of Food Technology and Natural Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Aditi A Ghuge
- School of Food Technology and Natural Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Reuben A Anderson
- School of Food Technology and Natural Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Anja H Schiemann
- School of Food Technology and Natural Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Layla Conaglen
- School of Food Technology and Natural Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Bianca J M Sansom
- School of Natural Sciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Richard C da Silva
- School of Natural Sciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand; Genome Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Evelyn Sattlegger
- School of Food Technology and Natural Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand; School of Natural Sciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand; Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular BioDiscovery, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wong PL, Zolkeflee NKZ, Ramli NS, Tan CP, Azlan A, Abas F. Acute toxicity profiling of medicinal herb Ardisia elliptica leaf extract by conventional evaluations and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics. J Tradit Complement Med 2024; 14:456-466. [PMID: 39035686 PMCID: PMC11259702 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Interest in the safety of herbal medicine is growing rapidly regarding knowledge and challenges in natural products. Hence, this study aimed to reveal the toxicological profile of Ardisia elliptica, a traditional medicinal plant used in the treatment of various illnesses. Experimental procedure Acute toxicity study was performed on female and male Sprague Dawley rats with a single oral administration of 2000 mg/kg BW of 70% ethanolic A. elliptica leaf extract, using a combination of conventional investigations and 1H-NMR-based metabolomics approaches. Results Physical, hematological, biochemical, and histopathological assessments demonstrated the usual rat profile, with no mortality and delayed toxicity 14 days after administration. 1H NMR serum metabolomics depicted similar metabolites between normal and treated groups. Nevertheless, 1H NMR of urinary metabolomics revealed perturbation in carbohydrate, amino acid, and energy metabolism within 24h after extract administration, while no accumulation of toxic biomarkers in the collected biological fluids on Day 14. A minor gender-based difference revealed the influence of sex hormones and different energy expenditure on response to extract treatment. Conclusion This study suggested that 2000 mg/kg BW of 70% ethanolic A. elliptica leaf extract is considered as safe for consumption and offered a comprehensive overview of the response of physiological and metabolic aspects applicable to food and herbal product development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei Lou Wong
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Khaleeda Zulaikha Zolkeflee
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Shazini Ramli
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chin Ping Tan
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Azrina Azlan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Faridah Abas
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Mahomoodally MF, Coodian K, Hosenally M, Zengin G, Shariati MA, Abdalla AN, Alhazmi HA, Khuwaja G, Mohan S, Khalid A. Herbal remedies in the management of hyperuricemia and gout: A review of in vitro, in vivo and clinical evidences. Phytother Res 2024; 38:3370-3400. [PMID: 38655878 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Gout, or hyperuricemia is a multifactorial and multi-faceted metabolic disease that is quite difficult to manage and/or treat. Conventional therapies such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as allopurinol, corticosteroids and colchicine amongst others, have helped in its management and treatment to some extent. This study aimed to compile and analyze the different herbal remedies used in the management of hyperuricemia and gout. A literature search was conducted from key databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar) using relevant keywords via the PRISMA model. Smilax riparia A.DC. from Traditional Chinese Medicine is used in many countries for its therapeutic effect on lowering serum urate levels. No single study was able to establish the efficacy of a specific traditionally used herb via in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies. Patients were found to use a panoply of natural remedies, mainly plants to treat hyperuricemia and gout, which have been validated to some extent by in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies. Nonetheless, further research is needed to better understand the ethnopharmacological relationship of such herbal remedies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- School of Engineering & Technology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Kaisavadee Coodian
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Muzzammil Hosenally
- Department of Economics and Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences & Humanities, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- Semey Branch of the Institute, Kazakh Research Institute of Processing and Food Industry, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Ashraf N Abdalla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A Alhazmi
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gulrana Khuwaja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syam Mohan
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- School of Health Sciences, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, India
| | - Asaad Khalid
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants and Traditional Medicine Research Institute, National Center for Research, Khartoum, Sudan
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Roy S, Sarkar T, Upadhye VJ, Chakraborty R. Comprehensive Review on Fruit Seeds: Nutritional, Phytochemical, Nanotechnology, Toxicity, Food Biochemistry, and Biotechnology Perspective. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:4472-4643. [PMID: 37755640 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04674-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Fruit seeds are leftovers from a variety of culinary sectors. They are generally unutilized and contribute greatly to global disposals. These seeds not only possess various nutritional attributes but also have many heath-beneficial properties. One way to make use of these seeds is to extract their bioactive components and create fortified food items. Nowadays, researchers are highly interested in creating innovative functional meals and food components from these unconventional resources. The main objective of this manuscript was to determine the usefulness of seed powder from 70 highly consumed fruits, including Apple, Apricot, Avocado, Banana, Blackberry, Blackcurrant, Blueberry, Cherry, Common plum, Cranberry, Gooseberry, Jackfruit, Jamun, Kiwi, Lemon, Mahua, Mango, Melon, Olive, Orange, and many more have been presented. The nutritional attributes, phytochemical composition, health advantages, nanotechnology applications, and toxicity of these fruit seeds have been fully depicted. This study also goes into in-depth detailing on creating useful food items out of these seeds, such as bakery goods, milk products, cereal-based goods, and meat products. It also identifies enzymes purified from these seeds along with their biochemical applications and any research openings in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarita Roy
- Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Tanmay Sarkar
- Department of Food Processing Technology, Malda Polytechnic, West Bengal State Council of Technical Education, Govt. of West Bengal, Malda, 732102, India.
| | | | - Runu Chakraborty
- Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Upadhyay P, Tyagi A, Agrawal S, Kumar A, Gupta S. Bidirectional Effect of Triphala on Modulating Gut-Brain Axis to Improve Cognition in the Murine Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300104. [PMID: 37767948 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE The emerging role of gut microbiota and their metabolites in the modulation of the gut-brain axis has received much attention as a new hope for the treatment of hard-to-treat chronic neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease. The naturally occurring polyphenols can restore the gut-brain axis by modulating gut microbiota and brain neurotransmitters. The Indian traditional medicine Triphala, a rich source of polyphenols, has been used on humans based on Prakriti or disease conditions for many years. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, the dual mode (morning and evening) action of Triphala is used to provide scientific evidence of its superior preventive and therapeutic efficacy in C57BL/6 and 5xFAD, APP/PS1 transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. The study observes that Triphala treatment has significantly improved cognitive function, by modulating the APP pathway, reducing inflammation, and restoring the gut-brain axis by increasing the gut microbiota phyla of Bacteroides, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, etc., involved in maintaining the gut homeostasis. CONCLUSIONS The study paves a new path for using dual modes of Triphala alone or in combination to treat incurable AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prabhat Upadhyay
- Molecular Sciences Lab, National Institute of Immunology New Delhi, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, New Delhi, 110067, India
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Anurag Tyagi
- Molecular Sciences Lab, National Institute of Immunology New Delhi, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Sakshi Agrawal
- Molecular Sciences Lab, National Institute of Immunology New Delhi, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Molecular Sciences Lab, National Institute of Immunology New Delhi, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Sarika Gupta
- Molecular Sciences Lab, National Institute of Immunology New Delhi, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, New Delhi, 110067, India
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Park D. Advanced Bronchoscopic Diagnostic Techniques in Lung Cancer. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2024; 87:282-291. [PMID: 38414369 PMCID: PMC11222101 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2023.0147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The increasing incidence of incidental pulmonary nodules necessitates effective biopsy techniques for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning. This paper reviews the widely used advanced bronchoscopic techniques, such as radial endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial lung biopsy, electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy, and the cutting-edge robotic-assisted bronchoscopy. In addition, the cryobiopsy technique, which can enhance diagnostic yield by combination with conventional biopsy tools, is described for application to peripheral pulmonary lesions and mediastinal lesions, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongil Park
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abbas A, Hamad AA, El Din Moawad MH, Ewis DK, Youssef RA, Hamouda H, Hassan MA, Aladawi M, Elfil M, Meshref M, Al-Mufti F. Dual antiplatelet therapy versus intravenous tissue plasminogen activator with acute minor ischemic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis of safety and efficacy. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2024; 33:107704. [PMID: 38561167 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2024.107704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the safety and efficacy of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy (DAPT) and Intravenous (IV) Tissue Plasminogen Activator (t-PA) in minor Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS). MATERIALS AND METHODS Following Cochrane and PRISMA guidelines, we analyzed observational studies and clinical trials comparing DAPT and IV t-PA in patients with minor AIS. Databases included PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Data extraction included study characteristics, patient demographics, and analyzed outcomes. RevMan 5.3 and OpenMetaAnalyst 2021 were used to analyze the data and assess heterogeneity, respectively. The risk of bias was determined using RoB 2.0 and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. RESULTS This meta-analysis included five studies with 3,978 DAPT-treated patients and 2,224 IV t-PA-treated patients. We found no significant differences in achieving modified Rankin scale (mRS) scores of 0-1 (OR 1.11, 95 % CI: 0.79, 1.55, p = 0.56) and 0-2 (OR 0.90, 95 % CI: 0.61, 1.31, p = 0.57), as well as combined mRS scores (OR 1.05, 95 % CI: 0.82, 1.34, p = 0.72). Similarly, there were no significant disparities between the two treatment groups in NIHSS score change from baseline (MD 0.32, 95 % CI: -0.35, 0.98, p = 0.35) and in mortality rates (OR 0.87, 95 % CI: 0.26, 2.93, p = 0.83). Notably, in comparison to the IV t-PA group, the DAPT group exhibited a significantly lower incidence of bleeding (OR 0.31, 95 % CI: 0.14, 0.69, p = 0.004) and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) (OR 0.10, 95 % CI: 0.04, 0.26, p < 0.00001). CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis found no significant differences in efficacy between DAPT and IV t-PA. However, DAPT demonstrated a significantly lower risk of sICH and bleeding compared with IV t-PA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah Abbas
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt
| | | | - Mostafa Hossam El Din Moawad
- Faculty of Pharmacy Clinical Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | | | | | - Heba Hamouda
- Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Malak A Hassan
- Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Aladawi
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Mohamed Elfil
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Mostafa Meshref
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fawaz Al-Mufti
- Department of Neurology, Westchester Medical Center at New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Liang A, Leonard W, Beasley JT, Fang Z, Zhang P, Ranadheera CS. Anthocyanins-gut microbiota-health axis: A review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024; 64:7563-7588. [PMID: 36927343 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2187212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanins are a subclass of flavonoids responsible for color in some fruits and vegetables with potent antioxidative capacity. During digestion, a larger proportion of dietary anthocyanins remains unabsorbed and reach the large intestine where they interact with the gut microbiota. Anthocyanins can modulate gut microbial populations to improve diversity and the proportion of beneficial populations, leading to alterations in short chain fatty acid and bile acid production. Some anthocyanins can be degraded into colonic metabolites, such as phenolic acids, which accumulate in the body and regulate a range of biological activities. Here we provide an overview of the effects of dietary anthocyanin consumption on gut microbial interactions, metabolism, and composition. Progression of chronic diseases has been strongly associated with imbalances in gut microbial populations. We therefore focus on the role of the gut microbiota as the 'mediator' that facilitates the therapeutic potential of anthocyanins against various chronic diseases, including obesity, type II diabetes, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disease, inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, fatty liver disease, chronic kidney disease and osteoarthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Liang
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - William Leonard
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jesse T Beasley
- School of BioSciences, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zhongxiang Fang
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pangzhen Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chaminda Senaka Ranadheera
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Yazhini S, Venkatraman R, Kandan K. Comparison of Fentanyl With Midazolam As Adjuvants to Levobupivacaine in Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean Sections: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Cureus 2024; 16:e64732. [PMID: 39156298 PMCID: PMC11329330 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.64732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Spinal anesthesia stands as a cornerstone for patients undergoing lower segment cesarean section (LSCS), offering advantages like faster onset and high block density. Levobupivacaine, known for its high potency and long-acting nature, has a slower onset. The safety of intrathecal fentanyl or midazolam is evaluated as an adjuvant to levobupivacaine in parturients. This study aims to compare the duration of postoperative analgesia provided by fentanyl or midazolam added to 0.5% hyperbaric levobupivacaine in elective cesarean sections. Secondary objectives include evaluating the onset and duration of sensory and motor blockade and the incidence of nausea and vomiting. Identifying the more effective adjuvant will help optimize spinal anesthesia protocols, improve postoperative outcomes, and enhance patient comfort and recovery. Methods This study was conducted at SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Chennai, India, over six months (May 1, 2023, to October 1, 2023). A total of 90 patients undergoing elective LSCS received spinal anesthesia in a prospective randomized double-blinded controlled trial. Patients were allocated to three groups: Group A received levobupivacaine with fentanyl, Group B received levobupivacaine with midazolam, and Group C received levobupivacaine with normal saline. Block characteristics, postoperative analgesia, hemodynamic stability, and complications were assessed. Assessments were conducted at specified time points: intraoperatively, every five minutes for the first 30 minutes, every 10 minutes for the next hour, every two hours for six hours, and every four hours up to 24 hours postoperatively. Statistical analysis utilized one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results Group B (levobupivacaine with midazolam) exhibited a shorter time to sensory block onset (88 seconds) compared to Groups A and C (both 145 seconds) (p < 0.001). Group A (levobupivacaine with fentanyl) showed a shorter time to maximum motor block (p = 0.045) than Groups B and C. The sensory block duration was significantly longer in Group A (127.5 minutes) compared to Group B (60 minutes) and Group C (69 minutes) (p < 0.001). Motor block duration was also prolonged in Group A (251 minutes) compared to Group B (147 minutes) and Group C (177 minutes) (p = 0.045). The first analgesic requirement was delayed in Group A (248 minutes), whereas Groups B (115 minutes) and C (90 minutes) (p < 0.001) required more frequent analgesia. Group A experienced a higher incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Conclusion Midazolam accelerated sensory block onset, while fentanyl prolonged anesthesia duration without significantly affecting motor block. Fentanyl delayed the first analgesic requirement, whereas midazolam reduced postoperative nausea, vomiting, and shivering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanmugam Yazhini
- Anaesthesiology, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Chennai, IND
| | | | - Karthik Kandan
- Anaesthesiology, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Chennai, IND
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Trájer AJ, Hoxha I, Xhekaj B, Platzgummer K, Dvořák V, Obwaller AG, Stefanovska J, Cvetkovikj A, Walochnik J, Sherifi K, Kniha E. Ecological setting of phlebotomine sand flies in the Republic of Kosovo. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33029. [PMID: 39021964 PMCID: PMC11253276 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Sand flies (Diptera, Psychodidae) are the principal vectors of Leishmania spp., the causative agents of leishmaniasis, as well as phleboviruses. In the Balkans, the endemicity and spreading of sand fly-borne diseases are evident, particularly in the Republic of Kosovo, a country with a predominantly humid continental climate. To date, understanding the drivers behind the spatial structure and diversity patterns of sand fly communities in humid continental regions remains limited. Therefore, elucidating the geographical and ecological factors contributing to the presence of potential vector species in the country is crucial. We aimed to enhance our understanding of factors influencing sand fly occurrence in cool and wet wintering humid continental areas, which could serve as a model for other countries with similar climatic conditions. Therefore, we assessed the currently known sand fly fauna through detailed environmental analyses, including Voronoi tessellation patterns, entropy calculations, Principal Coordinate and Component Analyses, Hierarchical Clustering, Random Trees, and climatic suitability patterns. Notable differences in the ecological tolerance of the species were detected, and the most important climatic features limiting sand fly presence were wind speed and temperature seasonality. Sand flies were observed to prefer topographical environments with little roughness, and the modelled climatic suitability values indicated that, dominantly, the western plain regions of Kosovo harbour the most diverse sand fly fauna; and are the most threatened by sand fly-borne diseases. Phlebotomus neglectus and P. perfiliewi, both confirmed vectors for L. infantum and phleboviruses, were identified as two main species with vast distribution in Kosovo. Contrary to this, most other present species are relatively sparse and restricted to temperate rather than humid continental regions. Our findings reveal a diverse potential sand fly fauna in Kosovo, indicating the need for tailored strategies to address varying risks across the country's western and eastern regions in relation to leishmaniasis control amidst changing environmental conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Attila J. Trájer
- University of Pannonia, Sustainability Solutions Research Lab, Egyetem u. 10. H-8200, Hungary
| | - Ina Hoxha
- Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Medical University Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Betim Xhekaj
- Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary, University of Prishtina ‘Hasan Prishtina’, Bulevardi ‘Bill Clinton’, P.N. 10000 Prishtinë, Kosovo
| | - Katharina Platzgummer
- Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Medical University Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vit Dvořák
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Science, Charles University Prague, Viničná 7, 128 43, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Adelheid G. Obwaller
- Division of Science, Research and Development, Federal Ministry of Defence, Roßauer Lände 1, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jovana Stefanovska
- Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine-Skopje, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Lazar Pop-Trajkov 5–7, 1000, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Aleksandar Cvetkovikj
- Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine-Skopje, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Lazar Pop-Trajkov 5–7, 1000, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Julia Walochnik
- Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Medical University Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kurtesh Sherifi
- Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary, University of Prishtina ‘Hasan Prishtina’, Bulevardi ‘Bill Clinton’, P.N. 10000 Prishtinë, Kosovo
| | - Edwin Kniha
- Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Medical University Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Bandiwadekar A, Jose J, Gopan G, Augustin V, Ashtekar H, Khot KB. Transdermal delivery of resveratrol loaded solid lipid nanoparticle as a microneedle patch: a novel approach for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s13346-024-01656-0. [PMID: 38949746 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-024-01656-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD), affecting millions of people worldwide and expected to impact 10 million by 2030, manifests a spectrum of motor and non-motor symptoms linked to the decline of dopaminergic neurons. Current therapies manage PD symptoms but lack efficacy in slowing disease progression, emphasizing the urgency for more effective treatments. Resveratrol (RSV), recognized for its neuroprotective and antioxidative properties, encounters challenges in clinical use for PD due to limited bioavailability. Researchers have investigated lipid-based nanoformulations, specifically solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), to enhance RSV stability. Oral drug delivery via SLNs faces obstacles, prompting exploration into transdermal delivery using SLNs integrated with microneedles (MNs) for improved patient compliance. In this study, an RSV-loaded SLNs (RSV -SLNs) incorporated into the MN patch was developed for transdermal RSV delivery to improve its stability and patient compliance. Characterization studies demonstrated favorable physical properties of SLNs with a sustained drug release profile of 78.36 ± 0.74%. The developed MNs exhibited mechanical robustness and skin penetration capabilities. Ex vivo permeation studies displayed substantial drug permeation of 68.39 ± 1.4% through the skin. In an in vivo pharmacokinetic study, the RSV-SLNs delivered through MNs exhibited a significant increase in Cmax, Tmax, and AUC0 - t values, alongside a reduced elimination rate in blood plasma in contrast to the administration of pure RSV via MNs. Moreover, an in vivo study showcased enhanced behavioral functioning and increased brain antioxidant levels in the treated animals. In-vivo skin irritation study revealed no signs of irritation till 24 h which permits long-term MNs application. Histopathological analysis showed notable changes in the brain regions of the rat, specifically the striatum and substantia nigra, after the completion of the treatment. Based on these findings, the development of an RSV-SLN loaded MNs (RSVSNLMP) patch presents a novel approach, with the potential to enhance the drug's efficiency, patient compliance, and therapeutic outcomes for PD, offering a promising avenue for advanced PD therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Bandiwadekar
- NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics,, NITTE Deemed-to-be University, Mangalore, 575018, India
| | - Jobin Jose
- NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics,, NITTE Deemed-to-be University, Mangalore, 575018, India.
| | - Gopika Gopan
- NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics,, NITTE Deemed-to-be University, Mangalore, 575018, India
| | - Varsha Augustin
- NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, NITTE Deemed-to-be University, Department of NITTE University Center for Animal Research & Experimentation (NUCARE), Mangalore, 575018, India
| | - Harsha Ashtekar
- NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, NITTE Deemed-to-be University, Mangalore, 575018, India
| | - Kartik Bhairu Khot
- NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics,, NITTE Deemed-to-be University, Mangalore, 575018, India
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Matylitsky J, Krieg A, Schumacher J, Borho J, Barth H, Papatheodorou P. Inhibition of Clostridioides difficile toxins TcdA and TcdB by the amiodarone derivative dronedarone. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03248-8. [PMID: 38935126 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03248-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The dreaded nosocomial pathogen Clostridioides difficile causes diarrhea and severe inflammation of the colon, especially after the use of certain antibiotics. The bacterium releases two deleterious toxins, TcdA and TcdB, into the gut, which are mainly responsible for the symptoms of C. difficile-associated diseases (CDADs). Both toxins are capable of entering independently into various host cells, e.g., intestinal epithelial cells, where they mono-O-glucosylate and inactivate Rho and/or Ras GTPases, important molecular switches for various cellular functions. We have shown recently that the cellular uptake of the Clostridioides difficile toxins TcdA and TcdB (TcdA/B) is inhibited by the licensed class III antiarrhythmic drug amiodarone (Schumacher et al. in Gut Microbes 15(2):2256695, 2023). Mechanistically, amiodarone delays the cellular uptake of both toxins into target cells most likely by lowering membrane cholesterol levels and by interfering with membrane insertion and/or pore formation of TcdA/B. However, serious side effects, such as thyroid dysfunction and severe pulmonary fibrosis, limit the clinical use of amiodarone in patients with C. difficile infection (CDI). For that reason, we aimed to test whether dronedarone, an amiodarone derivative with a more favorable side effect profile, is also capable of inhibiting TcdA/B. To this end, we tested in vitro with various methods the impact of dronedarone on the intoxication of Vero and CaCo-2 cells with TcdA/B. Importantly, preincubation of both cell lines with dronedarone for 1 h at concentrations in the low micromolar range rendered the cells less sensitive toward TcdA/B-induced Rac1 glucosylation, collapse of the actin cytoskeleton, cell rounding, and cytopathic effects, respectively. Our study points toward the possibility of repurposing the already approved drug dronedarone as the preferable safer-to-use alternative to amiodarone for inhibiting TcdA/B in the (supportive) therapy of CDADs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jauheni Matylitsky
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacology of Natural Products, Ulm University Medical Center, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Anica Krieg
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacology of Natural Products, Ulm University Medical Center, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Judith Schumacher
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacology of Natural Products, Ulm University Medical Center, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Joscha Borho
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacology of Natural Products, Ulm University Medical Center, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Holger Barth
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacology of Natural Products, Ulm University Medical Center, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Panagiotis Papatheodorou
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacology of Natural Products, Ulm University Medical Center, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Bauer I, Rimbach G, Cordeiro S, Bosy-Westphal A, Weghuber J, Ipharraguerre IR, Lüersen K. A comprehensive in-vitro/ in-vivo screening toolbox for the elucidation of glucose homeostasis modulating properties of plant extracts (from roots) and its bioactives. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1396292. [PMID: 38989154 PMCID: PMC11233739 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1396292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant extracts are increasingly recognized for their potential in modulating (postprandial) blood glucose levels. In this context, root extracts are of particular interest due to their high concentrations and often unique spectrum of plant bioactives. To identify new plant species with potential glucose-lowering activity, simple and robust methodologies are often required. For this narrative review, literature was sourced from scientific databases (primarily PubMed) in the period from June 2022 to January 2024. The regulatory targets of glucose homeostasis that could be modulated by bioactive plant compounds were used as search terms, either alone or in combination with the keyword "root extract". As a result, we present a comprehensive methodological toolbox for studying the glucose homeostasis modulating properties of plant extracts and its constituents. The described assays encompass in-vitro investigations involving enzyme inhibition (α-amylase, α-glucosidase, dipeptidyl peptidase 4), assessment of sodium-dependent glucose transporter 1 activity, and evaluation of glucose transporter 4 translocation. Furthermore, we describe a patch-clamp technique to assess the impact of extracts on KATP channels. While validating in-vitro findings in living organisms is imperative, we introduce two screenable in-vivo models (the hen's egg test and Drosophila melanogaster). Given that evaluation of the bioactivity of plant extracts in rodents and humans represents the current gold standard, we include approaches addressing this aspect. In summary, this review offers a systematic guide for screening plant extracts regarding their influence on key regulatory elements of glucose homeostasis, culminating in the assessment of their potential efficacy in-vivo. Moreover, application of the presented toolbox might contribute to further close the knowledge gap on the precise mechanisms of action of plant-derived compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilka Bauer
- Division of Food Sciences, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Gerald Rimbach
- Division of Food Sciences, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sönke Cordeiro
- Institute of Physiology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Anja Bosy-Westphal
- Division of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Julian Weghuber
- Center of Excellence Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Wels, Austria
- FFoQSI—Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety & Innovation, Tulln, Austria
| | - Ignacio R. Ipharraguerre
- Division of Food Sciences, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Kai Lüersen
- Division of Food Sciences, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Maache S, Laaroussi H, Soulo N, Nouioura G, Boucetta N, Bouslamti M, Saghrouchni H, A Bin Jardan Y, Ibenmoussa S, Bourhia M, Lyoussi B, Elarabi I. The antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antihyperlipidemic effects of the polyphenolic extract from Salvia blancoana subsp. mesatlantica on induced diabetes in rats. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2024; 11:62. [PMID: 38926327 PMCID: PMC11208370 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-024-00769-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, several studies have demonstrated the benefits of medicinal plants in managing type 2 diabetes. In this work, we evaluated the beneficial effects of the polyphenolic extract (PESB) from Salvia blancoana subsp. mesatlantica in the management of hypercaloric-feeding and small-dose alloxan-brought type 2 diabetes in rats. We analyzed the chemical constituents of the extract, including flavones and flavonols content, to understand its biological action. The antioxidant activities were evaluated by total antioxidant action, scavenging effect of the free radical DPPH, and reducing power. The obtained results showed that the value of TFC was estimated at 31.90 ± 0.34 mgEQ/g in the PESB extract. The total antioxidant capacity was estimated at 593.51 ± 4.09 mg (EAA)/g, the value of DPPH IC50 was 7.3 ± 0.00 μg/mL, and the value of EC50 of reducing power was estimated at 6.43 ± 0.01 μg/mL. In total, 14 phenolic compounds were identified and the naringin was the most dominant (63.19%) while the vanillin was the less recorded (0.10%). Serum glucose decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in rats given PESB (100 mg/kg) after four weeks. Glibenclamide (GLB) and PESB reduced HbA1c and increased plasma insulin in diabetic rats, restoring HOMA-β and HOMA-IR levels to near-normal. Additionally, diabetic rats treated with GLB or PESB showed statistically equivalent results to those of non-diabetic rats regarding hepatic enzymes, renal and lipid markers, as well as cardiovascular indices. The weight loss was significantly lower in diabetic rats receiving a dose of PESB (100 mg/kg), and GLB compared to corresponding untreated diabetic rats (p < 0.01). PESB and GLB showed a prominent protective function in the pancreas, liver, and kidney tissues. This investigation demonstrates the capacity of extracts from leaves of S. blancoana subsp. mesatlantica to manage diabetes mellitus due to their richness in a wide range of bioactive compounds. Therefore, more investigations are required to estimate the safety of the plant use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Souad Maache
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health, and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Hassan Laaroussi
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health, and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Najoua Soulo
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health, and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Ghizlane Nouioura
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health, and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | | | - Mohammed Bouslamti
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health, and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Hamza Saghrouchni
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Çukurova University, 01250, Balcalı, Adana, Türkiye.
| | - Yousef A Bin Jardan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samir Ibenmoussa
- Laboratory of Therapeutic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montpellier, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Mohammed Bourhia
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Natural Resources Valorization , Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, 80060, Agadir, Morocco
- Laboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry, Environment, Nutrition, and Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Hassan II, B. P. 5696, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Badiaa Lyoussi
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health, and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Ilham Elarabi
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health, and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Dao DT, Le HY, Nguyen MH, Thi TD, Nguyen XD, Bui TT, Tran THT, Pham VL, Do HN, Horng JT, Le HS, Nguyen DT. Spectrum and antimicrobial resistance in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with pneumonia: a cross-sectional prospective study from Vietnam. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:622. [PMID: 38910264 PMCID: PMC11194910 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09515-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Respiratory infections have long been recognized as a primary cause of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AE-COPD). Additionally, the emergence of antimicrobial resistance has led to an urgent and critical situation in developing countries, including Vietnam. This study aimed to investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of bacteria in patients with AE-COPD using both conventional culture and multiplex real-time PCR. Additionally, associations between clinical characteristics and indicators of pneumonia in these patients were examined. METHODS This cross-sectional prospective study included 92 AE-COPD patients with pneumonia and 46 without pneumonia. Sputum specimens were cultured and examined for bacterial identification, and antimicrobial susceptibility was determined for each isolate. Multiplex real-time PCR was also performed to detect ten bacteria and seven viruses. RESULTS The detection rates of pathogens in AE-COPD patients with pneumonia were 92.39%, compared to 86.96% in those without pneumonia. A total of 26 pathogenic species were identified, showing no significant difference in distribution between the two groups. The predominant bacteria included Klebsiella pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae, followed by Acinetobacter baumannii and Streptococcus mitis. There was a slight difference in antibiotic resistance between bacteria isolated from two groups. The frequency of H. influenzae was notably greater in AE-COPD patients who experienced respiratory failure (21.92%) than in those who did not (9.23%). S. pneumoniae was more common in patients with stage I (44.44%) or IV (36.36%) COPD than in patients with stage II (17.39%) or III (9.72%) disease. ROC curve analysis revealed that C-reactive protein (CRP) levels could distinguish patients with AE-COPD with and without pneumonia (AUC = 0.78). CONCLUSION Gram-negative bacteria still play a key role in the etiology of AE-COPD patients, regardless of the presence of pneumonia. This study provides updated evidence for the epidemiology of AE-COPD pathogens and the appropriate selection of antimicrobial agents in Vietnam.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duy Tuyen Dao
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, 108 Military Central Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Huu Y Le
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Faculty of Respiratory Medicine, 108 Institute of Clinical Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Minh Hai Nguyen
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, 108 Military Central Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Faculty of Respiratory Medicine, 108 Institute of Clinical Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Duyen Thi
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, 108 Military Central Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Faculty of Respiratory Medicine, 108 Institute of Clinical Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Xuan Dung Nguyen
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, 108 Military Central Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thanh Thuyet Bui
- Vietnamese-German Center for Medical Research (VG-CARE), 108 Military Central Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Microbiology, 108 Military Central Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Huyen Trang Tran
- Vietnamese-German Center for Medical Research (VG-CARE), 108 Military Central Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Molecular Biology, 108 Military Central Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Van Luan Pham
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, 108 Military Central Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Faculty of Respiratory Medicine, 108 Institute of Clinical Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hang Nga Do
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jim-Tong Horng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Huu Song Le
- Vietnamese-German Center for Medical Research (VG-CARE), 108 Military Central Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.
- Faculty of Infectious Diseases, 108 Institute of Clinical Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Dinh Tien Nguyen
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, 108 Military Central Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.
- Faculty of Respiratory Medicine, 108 Institute of Clinical Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Mohseni A, Azimi AA, Bijarchi MA. Formation of magnetic double emulsions under steady and variable magnetic fields from a 3D-printed coaxial capillary device. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1309:342573. [PMID: 38772651 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Double emulsions (DEs) have attracted researchers' attention to be utilized as a promising platform in biomedical and chemical applications. Several actuation mechanisms have been proposed for the generation of DEs. The conventional DE formation approaches (e.g. two-stage emulsification) suffer from low monodispersity. The electric actuation (i.e. coaxial electrospray technology) has been demonstrated as a controllable method for the DE formation, while the capability of magnetic actuation has not been studied yet. RESULT In the present study, the generation of ferrofluid double emulsions (FDEs), made from water-based ferrofluid as a core and oil as a shell, under the magnetic actuation of a permanent magnet with a steady magnetic field and an electromagnet with DC and pulse width modulation (PWM) magnetic fields was investigated with a simple controllable setup fabricated using 3D printing. The effect of various parameters affecting the FDE formation, such as the fluid flow rates, the magnetic field type, the magnetic flux density, and the PWM frequency and duty cycle, on the FDE formation characteristics, including the inner and outer equivalent diameters, and the formation frequency was studied. Under the steady magnetic field, two regimes of the FDE formation were identified: inertia-dominated and magnet-dominated. SIGNIFICANCE Wireless power-free magnetic actuation provides better control over the FDE formation, enhancing this process by increasing the FDE formation frequency with high monodispersity. The PWM magnetic field offers excellent controllability over the FDE formation with low-volume or no, in some cases, satellite droplets by tuning the PWM frequency and the duty cycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Mohseni
- Center of Excellence in Energy Conversion (CEEC), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Abbas Azimi
- Center of Excellence in Energy Conversion (CEEC), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohamad Ali Bijarchi
- Center of Excellence in Energy Conversion (CEEC), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Tosin Anthony A, Olukayode AF, Olusoji Abidemi S, Azeez Oyemomi I, Adefunke BO, Ayodeji OJ, Babatope Ebenezer A, Adekoya Joshua I, Joseph Olusesan F. Prevalence, practice, determinants and adverse effects of self-medication among young people living in a suburban community of Ekiti, Nigeria: A community-based cross-sectional study. SAGE Open Med 2024; 12:20503121241261002. [PMID: 38911442 PMCID: PMC11193929 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241261002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Health hazards such as adverse drug reactions and prolonged morbidity are fallouts of self-medication among young people in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, practice, determinants, and adverse effects of self-medication among young people living in a suburban community of Ekiti, Nigeria. Methods This survey was a descriptive, cross-sectional study of 602 young people aged 16-24 years., who were randomly selected in the community. A predesigned self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. The study was conducted from 1st March to 31st May 2023. The independent variables measured include the sociodemographic characteristics, while the dependent variables are the practice of self-medication and factors that predisposes to self-medication. The general characteristics of the participants were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The categorical variables were reported as frequency distribution and proportions with 95% confidence intervals and were compared using the Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Over 30% (31.7%) of the participants engage in self-medication. A larger proportion of the people who practiced self-medication lived a trekking distance of less than 1 km from the nearest health facility with a doctor (p = 0.044). The practice of self-medication was statistically related with being a student when compared with gainfully employed and unemployed people (p = 0.006). Fever (39.8%), abdominal pain (17.3%) and headaches (16.2%) were the topmost three ailments that necessitated self-medication. Antimalarials (44.0%), antibiotics (25.1%), and antipyretics (16.8%) were high on the list of drugs used for self-medication. Headache (34.0%) was the most common adverse reaction from self-medication among the participants studied. Conclusion Adverse reactions and drug addiction were negative fallouts of self-medication, which can affect the health of young people as they grow into adulthood. Therefore, monitoring of drug outlets must be taken seriously by government agencies to prevent the worsening of the negative effects of self-medication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agbesanwa Tosin Anthony
- Agbesanwa Tosin Anthony, Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, PMB 5363, Ado Ekiti, Ekiti, Nigeria. Emails: ;
| | - Aina Felixelix Olukayode
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Solomon Olusoji Abidemi
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Ibrahim Azeez Oyemomi
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Afe Babalola University, Ado Ekiti, Ekiti, Nigeria
| | | | - Owoyemi John Ayodeji
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Ekiti, Nigeria
| | | | - Inubile Adekoya Joshua
- Department of Research and Statistics, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado Ekiti, Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Fadare Joseph Olusesan
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Ekiti, Nigeria
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Ekiti, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Faleva AV, Ulyanovskii NV, Budaev NA, Falev DI, Onuchina AA, Belesov AV, Kosyakov DS. Polycommunin A, a dihydrocinnamoyl bibenzyl isolated from the moss Polýtrichum commúne, and its antioxidant activity. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38907648 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2364365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
A novel polyphenolic compound named Polycommunin A (1) was discovered in the aerial part of the common haircap moss (Polýtrichum commune) widely spread in boreal and temperate climate zones. Aqueous ethanol and extraction of the plant material with further isolation of polyphenolic fraction and preparative HPLC separation allowed obtaining individual compound and identifying it as dimeric dihydrocinnamoyl bibenzyl by NMR spectroscopy and high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry. Polycommunin A demonstrated high in vitro antioxidant activity determined by FRAP and PCL assays and comparable to that of Trolox and Quercetin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna V Faleva
- Laboratory of Natural Compounds Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Core Facility Center "Arktika", M.V. Lomonosov Northern (Arctic) Federal University, Arkhangelsk, Russia
| | - Nikolay V Ulyanovskii
- Laboratory of Natural Compounds Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Core Facility Center "Arktika", M.V. Lomonosov Northern (Arctic) Federal University, Arkhangelsk, Russia
| | - Nikolay A Budaev
- Laboratory of Natural Compounds Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Core Facility Center "Arktika", M.V. Lomonosov Northern (Arctic) Federal University, Arkhangelsk, Russia
| | - Danil I Falev
- Laboratory of Natural Compounds Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Core Facility Center "Arktika", M.V. Lomonosov Northern (Arctic) Federal University, Arkhangelsk, Russia
| | - Aleksandra A Onuchina
- Laboratory of Natural Compounds Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Core Facility Center "Arktika", M.V. Lomonosov Northern (Arctic) Federal University, Arkhangelsk, Russia
| | - Artem V Belesov
- Laboratory of Natural Compounds Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Core Facility Center "Arktika", M.V. Lomonosov Northern (Arctic) Federal University, Arkhangelsk, Russia
| | - Dmitry S Kosyakov
- Laboratory of Natural Compounds Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Core Facility Center "Arktika", M.V. Lomonosov Northern (Arctic) Federal University, Arkhangelsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Weiss A, Kramer A, Taube R, Mattner F, Premke K. Prevalence of methicillin sensitive and resistant Staphylococcus aureus carriage among German emergency medical providers. GMS HYGIENE AND INFECTION CONTROL 2024; 19:Doc35. [PMID: 38993380 PMCID: PMC11238403 DOI: 10.3205/dgkh000490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Background Health care workers (HCW) in Emergency Medical Services (EMS) frequently come into contact with carriers of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains and may acquire and transmit them to patients. However, there is little data on MSSA and MRSA colonization of medical personnel in the emergency services. Additionally, few studies have analyzed the association between personal hygiene of staff and colonization. Therefore, we examined the prevalence of MSSA and MRSA in EMS staff of two German regions and evaluated their personal hygiene behavior. Method Throat and nasal swabs from 300 EMS workers were analyzed. Both direct and pre-enriched cultures of the swabs were cultivated on culture media to identify MSSA and MRSA. Results were analyzed together with questionnaires about sociodemographic data and a self-assessment of hygiene behavior. Statistical analysis was done using the R statistical software. Results Of the total 300 swabs, 55% were from paramedics, 39% were from emergency medical technicians (EMT) and 5% were from emergency physicians. With 1%, the MRSA prevalence was comparable to that of the German population, while the MSSA rate - 43.7% - was higher than expected. Colonization with MSSA was significantly associated with poor hand hygiene and male sex, and was inversely correlated to time on the job in EMS. Conclusion The sample size of 300 and a MRSA prevalence of 1% made a meaningful analysis of potential influencing factors on the prevalence of MRSA infeasible. The comparatively high prevalence of MSSA and the association with decreasing frequency of hand antisepsis suggests an influence of personal hygiene on MSSA colonization. HCW in EMS should be encouraged to make use of their personal protective equipment and practice frequent hand hygiene. The implementation of diagnostic tools such as the Hand Hygiene Self-Assessment Framework of the WHO could be utilized to reveal problems in organizations, followed by an individual program to promote hand hygiene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Weiss
- Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Axel Kramer
- Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Robert Taube
- Technical Microbiology, Faculty of Nature and Engineering, City University of Applied Sciences, Bremen, Germany
| | - Frauke Mattner
- Institute for Hygiene, Cologne Merheim Medical Centre, University Hospital Witten/Herdecke, Germany
| | - Katrin Premke
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| |
Collapse
|