1
|
Bhagyalalitha M, Handattu Shankaranarayana A, Arun Kumar S, Singh M, Pujar KG, Bidye D, Veeranna Pujar G. Advances in HER2-Targeted Therapies: From monoclonal antibodies to dual inhibitors developments in cancer treatment. Bioorg Chem 2024; 151:107695. [PMID: 39137598 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
HER2 receptors, overexpressed in certain human cancers, have drawn significant attention in cancer research due to their correlation with poor survival rates. Researchers have developed monoclonal antibodies like Trastuzumab and Pertuzumab against HER2 receptors, which have proven highly beneficial in cancer therapy. Bispecific antibodies like Zanidatamab and antibody-drug conjugates like T-DM1 have been developed to overcome the resistance associated with monotherapy. Small molecules such as Lapatinib, Neratinib, and Pyrotinib were initially developed for treating breast cancer. However, ongoing research is investigating their potential use in other types of cancer, often in combination with other medications. EGFR/HER2 dual-targeted drugs have overcome drug resistance associated with HER2-targeted monotherapy. This comprehensive review covers the structural characteristics of HER2, the HER family signaling pathway mechanism, recent findings regarding HER2 receptor involvement in various cancers, and diverse HER2-targeted therapies. This information provides a comprehensive understanding of HER2-targeted strategies in the evolving field of cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meduri Bhagyalalitha
- Computer Aided Drug Design Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru 570015 India
| | - Akshatha Handattu Shankaranarayana
- Computer Aided Drug Design Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru 570015 India
| | - Sethu Arun Kumar
- Computer Aided Drug Design Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru 570015 India
| | - Manisha Singh
- Computer Aided Drug Design Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru 570015 India
| | - Karthik G Pujar
- Computer Aided Drug Design Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru 570015 India
| | - Durgesh Bidye
- Computer Aided Drug Design Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru 570015 India
| | - Gurubasavaraj Veeranna Pujar
- Computer Aided Drug Design Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru 570015 India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Stamatelatou A, Rizzo R, Simsek K, van Asten JJA, Heerschap A, Scheenen T, Kreis R. Diffusion-weighted MR spectroscopy of the prostate. Magn Reson Med 2024; 92:1323-1337. [PMID: 38775024 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.30141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Prostate tissue has a complex microstructure, mainly composed of epithelial and stromal cells, and of extracellular (acinar-luminal) spaces. Diffusion-weighted MR spectroscopy (DW-MRS) is ideally suited to explore complex microstructure in vivo with metabolites selectively distributed in different subspaces. To date, this technique has been applied to brain and muscle. This study presents the development and pioneering utilization of 1H-DW-MRS in the prostate, accompanied by in vitro studies to support interpretations of in vivo findings. METHODS Nine healthy volunteers underwent a prostate MR examination (mean age, 56 years; range, 31-66). Metabolic complexation was studied in vitro using solutions with major compounds found in prostatic fluid of the lumen. DW-MRS was performed at 3 T with a non-water-suppressed single-voxel sequence with metabolite-cycling to concurrently measure metabolite and water signals. The water signal was used in postprocessing as a reference in a motion-compensation scheme. The spectra were fitted simultaneously in the spectral and diffusion-weighting dimensions. Apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) were derived by fitting signal decays that were assumed to be mono-exponential for metabolites and biexponential for water. RESULTS DW-MRS of the prostate revealed relatively low ADCs for Cho and Cr compounds, aligning with their intracellular location and higher ADCs for citrate and spermine supporting their luminal origin. In vitro assessments of the ADCs of citrate and spermine demonstrated their complex formation and protein binding. Tissue concentrations of MRS-detectable metabolites were as expected for the voxel location. CONCLUSIONS This work successfully demonstrates the feasibility of 1H-DW-MRS of the prostate and its potential for providing valuable microstructural information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki Stamatelatou
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rudy Rizzo
- Magnetic Resonance Methodology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Translational Imaging Center, sitem-insel, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kadir Simsek
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- School of Computer Science and Informatics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Jack J A van Asten
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Arend Heerschap
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Scheenen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Roland Kreis
- Magnetic Resonance Methodology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Translational Imaging Center, sitem-insel, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Manickasamy MK, Kumar A, BharathwajChetty B, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Alqahtani A, Unnikrishnan J, Bishayee A, Sethi G, Kunnumakkara AB. Synergistic enhancement: Exploring the potential of piperine in cancer therapeutics through chemosensitization and combination therapies. Life Sci 2024; 354:122943. [PMID: 39117139 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Despite significant advancements in chemotherapy, effective treatments for advanced cancer stages remain largely elusive due to chemoresistance. Resistance to anticancer agents in cancer cells can arise through various mechanisms, including multi-drug resistance, inhibition of apoptosis, modification of drug targets, and enhancement of DNA repair capabilities. Consequently, there is a critical need for agents that can suppress the molecular signatures responsible for drug resistance. Piperine, an active alkaloid extracted from Piper nigrum L. (black pepper), is one such agent that has been extensively studied for its potential in addressing chronic diseases, including cancer. Piperine's antineoplastic properties are mediated through the regulation of numerous key cellular signaling pathways and the modulation of various biological processes. Its capability to enhance drug bioavailability and counteract mechanisms of drug resistance, such as the inhibition of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP-1), emphasizes its potential as an adjunct in cancer therapy. Research across various cancer types has demonstrated piperine's role in chemosensitization by targeting P-gp and MRP-1 and altering drug-metabolizing enzymes. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of piperine's pharmacological characteristics and its capacity to modulate several cellular signaling pathways involved in drug resistance. Furthermore, the review emphasizes how piperine, when used in conjunction with other chemotherapeutic agents or natural compounds, can enhance therapeutic effects, leading to improved outcomes in cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Kumar Manickasamy
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati 781 039, Assam, India
| | - Aviral Kumar
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati 781 039, Assam, India
| | - Bandari BharathwajChetty
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati 781 039, Assam, India
| | - Mohammed S Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Athba Alqahtani
- Research Centre, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh 11525, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jyothsna Unnikrishnan
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati 781 039, Assam, India
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, United States of America
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600.
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati 781 039, Assam, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Massanova M, Barone B, Caputo VF, Napolitano L, Ponsiglione A, Del Giudice F, Ferro M, Lucarelli G, Lasorsa F, Busetto GM, Robertson S, Trama F, Imbimbo C, Crocetto F. The detection rate for prostate cancer in systematic and targeted prostate biopsy in biopsy-naive patients, according to the localization of the lesion at the mpMRI: A single-center retrospective observational study. Prostate 2024; 84:1234-1243. [PMID: 38924146 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluate the detection rates of systematic, targeted and combined cores at biopsy according to tumor positions in biopsy-naïve patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective analysis of a single-center patient cohort (n = 501) that underwent transrectal prostate biopsy between January 2017 and December 2019 was performed. Multi-parametric MRI was executed as a prebiopsy investigation. Biopsy protocol included, for each patient, 12 systematic cores plus 3 to 5 targeted cores per lesion identified at the mpMRI. Pearson and McNemar chi-squared tests were used for statistical analysis to compare tumor location-related detection rates of systematic, targeted and combined (systematic + targeted) cores at biopsy. RESULTS Median age of patients was 70 years (IQR 62-72), with a median PSA of 8.5 ng/ml (IQR 5.7-15.6). Positive biopsies were obtained in 67.7% of cases. Overall, targeted cores obtained higher detection rates compared to systematic cores (54.3% vs. 43.1%, p < 0.0001). Differences in detection rates were, however, higher for tumors located at the apex (61.1% vs. 26.3%, p < 0.05) and anteriorly (44.4% vs. 19.3%, p < 0.05). Targeted cores similarly obtained higher detection rates in the posterior zone of the prostate gland for clinically significant prostate cancer. A poor agreement was reported between targeted and systematic cores for the apex and anterior zone of the prostate with, respectively κ = 0.028 and κ = -0.018. CONCLUSION A combined approach of targeted and systematic biopsy delivers the highest detection rate in prostate cancer (PCa). The location of the tumor could however greatly influence overall detection rates, indicating the possibility to omit (as for the base or posterior zone of the gland) or add (as for the apex or anterior zone of the gland) further targeted cores.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Massanova
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
- Urology Department, Southend-On-Sea University Hospital, Southend-On-Sea, UK
| | - Biagio Barone
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology Unit, AORN Sant'Anna e San Sebastiano, Caserta, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Francesco Caputo
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Napolitano
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Ponsiglione
- Advanced Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Del Giudice
- Department of Maternal Infant and Urological Sciences, Umberto I Polyclinic Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Ferro
- Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO)-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lucarelli
- Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Lasorsa
- Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Gian Maria Busetto
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Sophie Robertson
- Urology Department, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Francesco Trama
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Ciro Imbimbo
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Felice Crocetto
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Meraouna Y, Blanchard P, Losa S, Labib A, Krhili S, Pommier P, Crehange G, Flam T, Cosset JM, Kissel M. Salvage low-dose-rate brachytherapy for locally recurrent prostate cancer after definitive irradiation. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2024; 48:100809. [PMID: 39027689 PMCID: PMC11254530 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2024.100809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The optimal management of locally recurrent prostate cancer after definitive irradiation is still unclear but local salvage treatments are gaining interest. A retrospective, single-institution analysis of clinical outcomes and treatment-related toxicity after salvage I-125 low-dose-rate (LDR) brachytherapy (BT) for locally-recurrent prostate cancer was conducted in a Comprehensive Cancer Center. Patients and methods A total of 94 patients treated with salvage LDR-BT between 2006 and 2021 were included. The target volume was either the whole-gland +/- a boost on the GTV, the hemigland, or only the GTV. The prescribed dose ranged from 90 to 145 Gy. Toxicity was graded by Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v5.0. Results Median follow-up was 34 months. Initial radiotherapy was external beam radiotherapy in 73 patients (78 %) with a median dose of 76 Gy and I-125 BT in 21 patients (22 %) with a prescribed dose of 145 Gy. Median PSA at salvage was 3.75 ng/ml with a median interval between first and salvage irradiation of 9.4 years. Salvage brachytherapy was associated with androgen deprivation therapy for 32 % of the patients. Only 4 % of the patients were castrate-resistant. Failure free survival was 82 % at 2 years and 66 % at 3 years. The only factors associated with failure-free survival on multivariate analysis were hormonosensitivity at relapse and European Association of Urology (EAU) prognostic group. Late grade 3 urinary and rectal toxicities occurred in 12 % and 1 % of the patients respectively.No significant difference in toxicity or efficacy was observed between the three implant volume groups. Conclusion The efficacy and toxicity results are consistent with those in the LDR group of the MASTER meta-analysis. Salvage BT confirms to be an effective and safe option for locally recurrent prostate cancer. A focal approach could be interesting to reduce late severe toxicities, especially urinary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Meraouna
- Radiotherapy Department, Institut Curie, 26 rue d’Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
- Faculté de médecine Sorbonne Université, 91-105 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - P. Blanchard
- Radiotherapy Department, Gustave Roussy, 114 Boulevard Edouard Vaillant, 94220 Villejuif, France
| | - S. Losa
- Physics Department, Institut Curie, 26 rue d’Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - A. Labib
- Radiotherapy Department, Institut Curie, 26 rue d’Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - S. Krhili
- Radiotherapy Department, Institut Curie, 26 rue d’Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - P. Pommier
- Radiotherapy Department, Institut Curie, 26 rue d’Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - G. Crehange
- Radiotherapy Department, Institut Curie, 26 rue d’Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - T. Flam
- Radiotherapy Department, Institut Curie, 26 rue d’Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
- Urology Department, Clinique Saint Jean de Dieu, 2 rue Rousselet, 75007 Paris, France
| | - J-M. Cosset
- Radiotherapy Department, Centre Charlebourg – La Défense – Amethyst Radiothérapie, 65 Avenue Foch, 92250 La Garenne-Colombes, France
| | - M. Kissel
- Radiotherapy Department, Institut Curie, 26 rue d’Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liyanaarachchi VC, Nishshanka GKSH, Nimarshana PHV, Chang JS, Ariyadasa TU, Nagarajan D. Modeling of astaxanthin biosynthesis via machine learning, mathematical and metabolic network modeling. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2024; 44:996-1017. [PMID: 37587012 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2023.2237183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Natural astaxanthin is synthesized by diverse organisms including: bacteria, fungi, microalgae, and plants involving complex cellular processes, which depend on numerous interrelated parameters. Nonetheless, existing knowledge regarding astaxanthin biosynthesis and the conditions influencing astaxanthin accumulation is fairly limited. Thus, manipulation of the growth conditions to achieve desired biomass and astaxanthin yields can be a complicated process requiring cost-intensive and time-consuming experiment-based research. As a potential solution, modeling and simulation of biological systems have recently emerged, allowing researchers to predict/estimate astaxanthin production dynamics in selected organisms. Moreover, mathematical modeling techniques would enable further optimization of astaxanthin synthesis in a shorter period of time, ultimately contributing to a notable reduction in production costs. Thus, the present review comprehensively discusses existing mathematical modeling techniques which simulate the bioaccumulation of astaxanthin in diverse organisms. Associated challenges, solutions, and future perspectives are critically analyzed and presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - P H Viraj Nimarshana
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Moratuwa, Moratuwa, Sri Lanka
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li, Taiwan
| | - Thilini U Ariyadasa
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Moratuwa, Moratuwa, Sri Lanka
| | - Dillirani Nagarajan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Molendowska M, Palombo M, Foley KG, Narahari K, Fasano F, Jones DK, Alexander DC, Panagiotaki E, Tax CMW. Diffusion MRI in prostate cancer with ultra-strong whole-body gradients. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2024:e5229. [PMID: 39191529 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.5229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Diffusion-weighted MRI (dMRI) is universally recommended for the detection and classification of prostate cancer (PCa), with PI-RADS recommendations to acquire b-values of ≥1.4 ms/μm2. However, clinical dMRI suffers from a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) as the consequence of prolonged echo times (TEs) attributable to the limited gradient power in the range of 40-80 mT/m. To overcome this, MRI systems with strong gradients have been designed but so far have mainly been applied in the brain. The aim of this work was to assess the feasibility, data quality, SNR and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of measurements in PCa with a 300 mT/m whole-body system. A cohort of men without and with diagnosed PCa were imaged on a research-only 3T Connectom Siemens MRI system equipped with a gradient amplitude of 300 mT/m. dMRI at high b-values were acquired using high gradient amplitudes and compared with gradient capabilities mimicking clinical systems. Data artefacts typically amplified with stronger gradients were assessed and their correction evaluated. The SNR gains and lesion-to-healthy tissue CNR were statistically tested investigating the effect of protocol and b-value. The diagnostic quality of the images for different dMRI protocols was assessed by an experienced radiologist using a 5-point Likert scale and an adapted PI-QUAL scoring system. The strong gradients for prostate dMRI allowed a significant gain in SNR per unit time compared with clinical gradients. Furthermore, a 1.6-2.1-fold increase in CNR was observed. Despite the more pronounced artefacts typically associated with strong gradients, a satisfactory correction could be achieved. Smoother and less biased parameter maps were obtained with protocols at shorter TEs. The results of this study show that dMRI in PCa with a whole-body 300-mT/m scanner is feasible without a report of physiological effects, SNR and CNR can be improved compared with lower gradient strengths, and artefacts do not negate the benefits of strong gradients and can be ameliorated. This assessment provides the first essential step towards unveiling the full potential of cutting-edge scanners, now increasingly becoming available, to advance early detection and diagnostic precision.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malwina Molendowska
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Marco Palombo
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- School of Computer Science and Informatics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Kieran G Foley
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Krishna Narahari
- Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Heath Park Campus, Cardiff, UK
| | - Fabrizio Fasano
- Siemens Healthcare Ltd, Camberley, UK
- Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Derek K Jones
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Daniel C Alexander
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Chantal M W Tax
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ramu A, Ak L, Chinnappan J. Identification of prostate cancer associated genes for diagnosis and prognosis: a modernized in silico approach. Mamm Genome 2024:10.1007/s00335-024-10060-5. [PMID: 39153107 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-024-10060-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) ranks as the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men. Diagnosing PCa relies on molecular markers known as diagnostic biomarkers, while prognostic biomarkers are used to identify key proteins involved in PCa treatments. This study aims to gather PCa-associated genes and assess their potential as either diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers for PCa. A corpus of 152,064 PCa-related data from PubMed, spanning from May 1936 to December 2020, was compiled. Additionally, 4199 genes associated with PCa terms were collected from the National Center of Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database. The PubMed corpus data was extracted using pubmed.mineR to identify PCa-associated genes. Network and pathway analyses were conducted using various tools, such as STRING, DAVID, KEGG, MCODE 2.0, cytoHubba app, CluePedia, and ClueGO app. Significant marker genes were identified using Random Forest, Support Vector Machines, Neural Network algorithms, and the Cox Proportional Hazard model. This study reports 3062 unique PCa-associated genes along with 2518 corresponding unique PMIDs. Diagnostic markers such as IL6, MAPK3, JUN, FOS, ACTB, MYC, and TGFB1 were identified, while prognostic markers like ACTB and HDAC1 were highlighted in PubMed. This suggests that the potential target genes provided by PubMed data outweigh those in the NCBI database.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akilandeswari Ramu
- Anthropology and Health Informatics Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Lekhashree Ak
- Anthropology and Health Informatics Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jayaprakash Chinnappan
- Anthropology and Health Informatics Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Deivasigamani S, Adams ES, Stock S, Kotamarti S, Séguier D, Taha T, Howard LE, Aminsharifi A, Jibara G, Amling CL, Aronson WJ, Cooperberg MR, Kane CJ, Terris MK, Klaassen Z, Guerrios-Rivera L, Freedland SJ, Polascik TJ. Select black men are potential candidates for prostate hemi-ablation based on radical prostatectomy histopathology for intermediate-risk prostate cancer-a multicenter SEARCH cohort study. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2024:10.1038/s41391-024-00880-6. [PMID: 39134653 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-024-00880-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE AND OBJECTIVE Partial gland ablation (PGA) is increasingly popular as a treatment for men with intermediate-risk prostate cancer (IR-PCa) to preserve functional outcomes while controlling their cancer. We aimed to determine the impact of race and clinical characteristics on the risk of upstaging (≥pT2c) and having adverse pathological outcomes including seminal vesicle invasion (SVI), extra prostatic extension (EPE) and lymph node invasion (LNI) at radical prostatectomy (RP) among men with IR disease eligible for PGA with hemi-ablation (HA). DESIGN Retrospective analysis. SETTING Multicenter. PARTICIPANTS AND MEASURES We studied patients diagnosed with unilateral IR-PCa treated with RP between 1988 and 2020 at 9 different Veterans Affairs hospitals within the SEARCH cohort. We analyzed differences in clinicopathological characteristics and outcome variables (odds of ≥pT2c and SVI, EPE and LNI) by race using multivariable logistic regression after adjusting for covariates. RESULTS Among 3127 patients, 33% were African American (AA) men with unilateral IR-PCa undergoing RP. Compared to non-AA men, AA individuals were younger (61 vs. 65 years, p < 0.001), presented with a higher prostate specific antigen (PSA) category (≥10 ng/ml; 34 vs. 26%, p < 0.001), and had a lower clinical stage (p < 0.001). Among the 2,798 (89.5%) with ≥pT2c stage, AA men exhibited higher ≥ pT2c rates (93 vs. 89%, p < 0.001), primarily due to increased pT2c staging (64 vs. 57%), where upstaging beyond pT2 was lower than non-AA men (29 vs. 32%). On multivariable analysis, AA men were found to have higher odds of ≥pT2c (odds ratio [OR]: 1.39 CI, 1.02-1.88, p = 0.04), lower odds of EPE (OR: 0.73 CI, 0.58-0.91, p < 0.01) and no statistically significant associations with LNI (OR: 0.79 CI, 0.42-1.46, p = 0.45) and SVI (OR: 1 CI, 0.74-1.35, p = 0.99) compared to non-AA men. On multivariable analysis, clinical features associated with higher odds of ≥pT2c were pre-operative PSA ≥ 15 (OR = 2.07, P = 0.01) and higher number of positive cores (HPC) on biopsy (OR = 1.36, P < 0.001). Similarly, PSA ≥ 15, Gleason grade ≥3 and HPC on biopsy were associated with higher odds of SVI, EPE and LNI, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In men with IR-PCa undergoing RP, AA men demonstrated an overall higher likelihood of ≥pT2c with lower upstaging beyond pT2, lower likelihood of EPE and no significant difference in likelihood of SVI and LNI compared to non-AA men. These findings support select AA men to be potential candidates for PGA, such as HA. Clinical factors are predictive of higher pathological stage and adverse pathological outcomes at RP and could be considered when selecting candidates for PGA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric S Adams
- Department of Urology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Shannon Stock
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, College of the Holy Cross, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Srinath Kotamarti
- Department of Urology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Denis Séguier
- Department of Urology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Urology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | | | - Lauren E Howard
- Division of Urology, Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Alireza Aminsharifi
- Department of Urology, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Ghalib Jibara
- Department of Urology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Martha K Terris
- Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, Augusta University- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Zachary Klaassen
- Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, Augusta University- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Lourdes Guerrios-Rivera
- Department of Urology, UC San Diego Health System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Stephen J Freedland
- Division of Urology, Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Thomas J Polascik
- Department of Urology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Division of Urology, Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang X, Zhang L, Cheng L, Wang Y, Li M, Yu J, Ma Z, Ho PCL, Sethi G, Chen X, Wang L, Goh BC. Extracellular vesicle-derived biomarkers in prostate cancer care: Opportunities and challenges. Cancer Lett 2024; 601:217184. [PMID: 39142499 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most prevalent cancer in men worldwide, presenting a significant global public health challenge that necessitates early detection and personalized treatment. Recently, non-invasive liquid biopsy methods have emerged as promising tools to provide insights into the genetic landscape of PCa and monitor disease progression, aiding decision-making at all stages. Research efforts have concentrated on identifying liquid biopsy biomarkers to improve PCa diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment prediction. This article reviews recent research advances over the last five years utilizing extracellular vesicles (EVs) as a natural biomarker library for PCa, and discusses the clinical translation of EV biomarkers, including ongoing trials and key implementation challenges. The findings underscore the transformative role of liquid biopsy, particularly EV-based biomarkers, in revolutionizing PCa diagnosis, prediction, and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, China
| | - Limin Zhang
- Jingzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jingzhou, 434000, China; The Third Clinical Medical College of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000, China
| | - Le Cheng
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, China
| | - Yufei Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, China
| | - Mengnan Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, China
| | - Jiahui Yu
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, China
| | - Zhaowu Ma
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, China
| | - Paul Chi-Lui Ho
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, 47500, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Gautam Sethi
- NUS Center for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Xiaoguang Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, China.
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- NUS Center for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore; Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore.
| | - Boon-Cher Goh
- NUS Center for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore; Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore; Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, 119228, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Krishnamoorthi R, Ganapathy A A, Hari Priya VM, Kumaran A. Future aspects of plant derived bioactive metabolites as therapeutics to combat benign prostatic hyperplasia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 330:118207. [PMID: 38636573 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), characterized by prostate enlargement due to cell proliferation, is a common urinary disorder in men over 50, manifesting as lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Currently, several therapeutic options are accessible for treating BPH, including medication therapy, surgery and watchful waiting. Conventional drugs such as finasteride and dutasteride are used as 5α-reductase inhibitors for the treatment of BPH. However long-term use of these drugs is restricted due to their unpleasant side effects. Despite the range of available medical therapies, the effective treatment against BPH is still inadequate. Certain therapeutic plants and their phytochemicals have the aforementioned goals and work by regulating this enzyme. AIM OF THE STUDY This review aims to provide a comprehensive insight to advancements in diagnosis of BPH, modern treatment methods and the significance of ethnobotanically relevant medicinal plants as alternative therapeutics for managing BPH. MATERIAL AND METHODS A thorough and systematic literature search was performed using electronic databases and search engines such as PubMed, Web of Science, NCBI and SciFinder till October 2023. Specific keywords such as "benign prostatic hyperplasia", "medicinal plants", "phytochemicals", "pharmacology", "synergy", "ethnobotany", "5-alpha reductase", "alpha blocker" and "toxicology". By include these keywords, a thorough investigation of pertinent papers was assured, and important data about the many facets of BPH could be retrieved. RESULTS After conducting the above investigation, 104 herbal remedies were found to inhibit Phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibition, alpha-blockers, or 5α -reductase inhibition effects which are supported by in vitro, in vivo and clinical trial studies evidence. Of these, 89 plants have ethnobotanical significance as alpha-blockers, alpha-reductase inhibition, or PDE-5 inhibition, and the other fifteen plants were chosen based on their ability to reduce BPH risk factors. Several phytocompounds, including, rutaecarpine, vaccarin, rutin, kaempferol, β-sitosterol, quercetin, dicaffeoylquinic acid, rutaevin, and phytosterol-F have been reported to be useful for the management of BPH. The use of combination therapy offers a strong approach to treating long-term conditions compare to single plant extract drugs. Furthermore, several botanical combinations such as lycopene and curcumin, pumpkin seed oil and saw palmetto oil, combinations of extracts from Funtumia africana (Benth.) Stapf and Abutilon mauritianum (Jacq.) Medik., and Hypselodelphys poggeana (K.Schum.) Milne-Redh. and Spermacoce radiata (DC.) Sieber ex Hiern are also supported through in vitro and in vivo studies for managing BPH through recuperation in patients with chronic long-term illnesses, as measured by the International Prostate Symptom Score. CONCLUSION The review proposes and endorses careful utilization of conventional medications that may be investigated further to discover possible PDE-5, 5 alpha-reductase, an alpha-blocker inhibitor for managing BPH. Even though most conventional formulations, such as 5 alpha-reductase, are readily available, systemic assessment of the effectiveness and mechanism of action of the herbal constituents is still necessary to identify novel chemical moieties that can be further developed for maximum efficacy. However, there exist abundant botanicals and medicinal plants across several regions of Africa, Asia, and the Americas, which can be further studied and developed for utilization as a potential phytotherapeutic for the management of BPH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raman Krishnamoorthi
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695 019, Kerala, India
| | - Anand Ganapathy A
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695 019, Kerala, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - V M Hari Priya
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695 019, Kerala, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Alaganandam Kumaran
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695 019, Kerala, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Rosin RD, Haynes A, Kidd M, Drozdov I, Modlin I, Halim A. Evaluation of a multigenomic liquid biopsy (PROSTest) for prostate cancer detection and follow-up in a Caribbean population. Cancer Epidemiol 2024; 92:102642. [PMID: 39121520 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2024.102642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The PROSTest is a novel machine learning-based liquid biopsy assay that functions as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in prostate cancer (PCa). The algorithm outcome (scored 0-100) has a cutoff of >50 to indicate PCa. In this study, we evaluated the screening utility of the test in comparison with the commonly used PSA test. MATERIALS AND METHODS 509 men (median age: 62 [40-88]), predominantly Afro-Caribbean (n=449, 88.2 %) were enrolled in this study at a referral centre for prostatic cancer screening and management. These included 417 symptomatic patients with urinary tract (UT) problems, of which 12 were diagnosed with PCa, 53 with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 352 were free from prostatic diseases, prior to PROSTest (Cohort 1). The remaining 92 of the 509, with relatively young age (median 49 and range 40-75 years) were screened with the PROSTest first and included 28 with UT symptoms and 64 asymptomatic but with a family history of cancer (Cohort 2). PROSTest and PSA was performed on all subjects. RESULTS In Cohort 1, the PROSTest was positive in 11 (91.7 %) PCa, 9 (17.0 %) of BPH, and 29 (8.2 %) of subject with UT symptoms but no disease. In Cohort 2, PROSTest was positive in 4 of 28 (14.3 %) symptomatic patients and in 5 of 64 (7.8 %) asymptomatic subjects. A total of 111 individuals (from both cohorts) were identified as "at risk" (PSA >4 ng/mL). Sixteen of 111 (14.4 %) were PROSTest-positive. Thirty-nine percent (43/111) have completed a 1-year follow-up. Of the 43 with elevated PSA, 2 out of 2 (100 %) who were also PROSTest-positive, were diagnosed with PCa. CONCLUSION PROSTest is a more sensitive and specific biomarker than PSA in the diagnosis and, potentially, screening for PCa. The seemingly false positive PROSTest results in BPH or symptomatic UT require a longer follow-up of these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R David Rosin
- University of the West Indies Cave Hill Campus, Barbados; The Barbados Cancer Society, Barbados.
| | - Amelia Haynes
- University of the West Indies Cave Hill Campus, Barbados
| | - Mark Kidd
- Wren Laboratories, Branford, CT, USA
| | | | - Irvin Modlin
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Abdel Halim
- University of the West Indies Cave Hill Campus, Barbados
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kikkawa K, Tamaki M, Maruno K, Hazama T, Takahashi T, Yamada Y, Nakashima M, Ito N. Evaluation of Second-Line Treatment for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer following the Administration of Upfront Androgen Receptor Signaling Inhibitors. Prostate Cancer 2024; 2024:9303603. [PMID: 39135744 PMCID: PMC11319047 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9303603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of docetaxel and androgen receptor signaling inhibitors as second-line treatments in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer after androgen receptor signaling inhibitors as first-line treatment. This study retrospectively evaluated the clinical outcomes of second-line treatment with docetaxel or androgen receptor signaling inhibitor in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer who received first-line treatment with androgen receptor signaling inhibitors. Clinical backgrounds and outcomes were compared between docetaxel and androgen receptor signaling inhibitors as second-line treatment. Of 59 patients, 21 (35.6%) and 38 (64.4%) received docetaxel and androgen receptor signaling inhibitors as second-line treatment after first-line treatment with androgen receptor signaling inhibitors, respectively. In the second-line setting, the median progression-free survival was longer with androgen receptor signaling inhibitor than with docetaxel (17 versus 6 months, P=0.014). In the first-line setting, the median progression-free survival was longer with androgen receptor signaling inhibitors than with docetaxel (32 versus 25 months, P=0.014); however, no significant difference was found in the overall survival. Multivariate analysis revealed that there was no significant association between second-line treatment and survival, and first-line treatment with abiraterone was identified as a prognostic factor for progression-free survival. Subgroup analysis showed that the abiraterone-enzalutamide sequence was more effective than the other three sequences for progression-free survival and overall survival. This study suggests that second-line treatment with an androgen receptor signaling inhibitor for castration-resistant prostate cancer after androgen receptor signaling inhibitors as first-line treatment may be more beneficial, particularly with abiraterone as the upfront treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuro Kikkawa
- Department of UrologyJapanese Red Cross Wakayama Medical Center, 4-20 Komatsubaradori, Wakayama 640-8558, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tamaki
- Department of UrologyJapanese Red Cross Wakayama Medical Center, 4-20 Komatsubaradori, Wakayama 640-8558, Japan
| | - Kouhei Maruno
- Department of UrologyJapanese Red Cross Wakayama Medical Center, 4-20 Komatsubaradori, Wakayama 640-8558, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Hazama
- Department of UrologyJapanese Red Cross Wakayama Medical Center, 4-20 Komatsubaradori, Wakayama 640-8558, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Takahashi
- Department of UrologyJapanese Red Cross Wakayama Medical Center, 4-20 Komatsubaradori, Wakayama 640-8558, Japan
| | - Yuya Yamada
- Department of UrologyJapanese Red Cross Wakayama Medical Center, 4-20 Komatsubaradori, Wakayama 640-8558, Japan
| | - Masakazu Nakashima
- Department of UrologyJapanese Red Cross Wakayama Medical Center, 4-20 Komatsubaradori, Wakayama 640-8558, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Ito
- Department of UrologyJapanese Red Cross Wakayama Medical Center, 4-20 Komatsubaradori, Wakayama 640-8558, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lou S, Jiang ZL, Zhu YW, Zhang RY, Wang Y, Chu T, Liu YF, Zhang YX, Zhang CH, Su YK, Liu HX, Ji XY, Wu DD. Exploring the impact of hydrogen sulfide on hematologic malignancies: A review. Cell Signal 2024; 120:111236. [PMID: 38810860 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is one of the three most crucial gaseous messengers in the body. The discovery of H2S donors, coupled with its endogenous synthesis capability, has sparked hope for the treatment of hematologic malignancies. In the last decade, the investigation into the impact of H2S has expanded, particularly within the fields of cardiovascular function, inflammation, infection, and neuromodulation. Hematologic malignancies refer to a diverse group of cancers originating from abnormal proliferation and differentiation of blood-forming cells, including leukemia, lymphoma, and myeloma. In this review, we delve deeply into the complex interrelation between H2S and hematologic malignancies. In addition, we comprehensively elucidate the intricate molecular mechanisms by which both H2S and its donors intricately modulate the progression of tumor growth. Furthermore, we systematically examine their impact on pivotal aspects, encompassing the proliferation, invasion, and migration capacities of hematologic malignancies. Therefore, this review may contribute novel insights to our understanding of the prospective therapeutic significance of H2S and its donors within the realm of hematologic malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shang Lou
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Zhi-Liang Jiang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Yi-Wen Zhu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Rui-Yu Zhang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Ti Chu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Ya-Fang Liu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Yan-Xia Zhang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Chuan-Hao Zhang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Yi-Kun Su
- School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Hong-Xia Liu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China; School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China.
| | - Xin-Ying Ji
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China; Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Infection and Biological Safety, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China; Faculty of Basic Medical Subjects, Shu-Qing Medical College of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan 450064, China.
| | - Dong-Dong Wu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China; School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China; Department of Stomatology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Søndergaard MEJ, Lode K, Husebø SE, Dalen I, Kjosavik SR. The association between patient characteristics, psychological distress, and coping in the diagnostic phase of prostate cancer - A cross-sectional multicenter study. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2024; 71:102658. [PMID: 39003844 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2024.102658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to investigate the associations between patient characteristics, psychological distress, and coping in the diagnostic phase of prostate cancer. METHODS A cross-sectional multicentre study was conducted from 2017 to 2019. A total of 250 patients were recruited from three hospitals in western Norway. The patients completed a questionnaire while awaiting their prostate biopsy. Patient characteristics were collected, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Revised Ways of Coping Checklist were used to measure psychological distress and evaluate coping strategies and primary appraisal, respectively. RESULTS Approximately 15% and 5% of the patients experienced symptoms of anxiety and depression, respectively. Younger age and poorer self-reported health were associated with higher anxiety levels. Anxiety was associated with all five coping strategies but showed the strongest correlation with wishful thinking. The patients who appraised their situation as a threat experienced more symptoms of both anxiety and depression and used more wishful thinking and avoidance than did the patients who appraised their situation as a challenge or benign. CONCLUSION A subgroup of patients experiences psychological distress during diagnostic evaluation of prostate cancer. Age, self-reported health, and primary appraisal may contribute to the development of psychological distress. Identification of patient characteristics associated with higher levels of psychological distress may guide nurses in implementing early interventions aimed at supporting beneficial coping and enhancing well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maja Elisabeth Juul Søndergaard
- Department of Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, Gerd-Ragna Bloch Thorsens Gate 8, 4011, Stavanger, Norway; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Postboks 8600, 4036, Stavanger, Norway; Research Group of Nursing and Healthcare Sciences, Stavanger University Hospital, Gerd-Ragna Bloch Thorsens Gate 8, 4011, Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Kirsten Lode
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Postboks 8600, 4036, Stavanger, Norway; Research Group of Nursing and Healthcare Sciences, Stavanger University Hospital, Gerd-Ragna Bloch Thorsens Gate 8, 4011, Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Sissel Eikeland Husebø
- Department of Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, Gerd-Ragna Bloch Thorsens Gate 8, 4011, Stavanger, Norway; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Postboks 8600, 4036, Stavanger, Norway; Research Group of Nursing and Healthcare Sciences, Stavanger University Hospital, Gerd-Ragna Bloch Thorsens Gate 8, 4011, Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Ingvild Dalen
- Department of Research, Section of Biostatistics, Stavanger University Hospital, Jan Johnsens Gate 4, 4011, Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Svein Reidar Kjosavik
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Postboks 8600, 4036, Stavanger, Norway; The General Practice and Care Coordination Research Group, Stavanger University Hospital, Gerd-Ragna Bloch Thorsens Gate 8, 4011, Stavanger, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Farag MA, Kandeel MM, Kassab AE, Faggal SI. Medicinal attributes of thienopyrimidine scaffolds incorporating the aryl urea motif as potential anticancer candidates via VEGFR inhibition. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2400125. [PMID: 38738795 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202400125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Worldwide, cancer is a major public health concern. It is a well-acknowledged life-threatening disease. Despite numerous advances in the understanding of the genetic basis of cancer growth and progression, therapeutic challenges remain high. Human tumors exhibited mutation or overexpression of several tyrosine kinases (TK). The vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) is a TK family member and is well known for tumor growth and progression. Therefore, VEGF/VEGFR pathway inhibition is an appealing approach for cancer drug discovery. This review will discuss the structure-based optimization of thienopyrimidines incorporating the aryl urea moiety to develop scaffolds of potent anticancer activity via VEGFR inhibition published between 2013 and 2023. Increasing knowledge of probable scaffolds that can act as VEGFR inhibitors might spur the hunt for novel anticancer medications that are safer, more effective, or both.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myrna A Farag
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manal M Kandeel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Asmaa E Kassab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samar I Faggal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chen NN, Zhou KF, Miao Z, Chen YX, Cui JX, Su SW. Exosomes regulate doxorubicin resistance in breast cancer via miR-34a-5p/NOTCH1. Mol Cell Probes 2024; 76:101964. [PMID: 38810840 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2024.101964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BRCA) is the most common cancer among women. Adriamycin (ADR), also known as doxorubicin (Dox), is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent for BRCA patients, however, the susceptibility of tumor cells to develop resistance to Dox has severely limited its clinical use. One new promising therapeutic target for breast cancer patients is exosomes. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of exosomes in regulating Dox resistance in BRCA. In this study, the exosomes from both types of cells were extracted by differential centrifugation. The effect of exosomes on drug resistance was assessed by laser confocal microscopy, MTT assay, and qRT-PCR. The miRNA was transfected into cells using Lipofectamine 2000, which was then evaluated for downstream genes and changes in drug resistance. Exosomes from MCF-7 cells (MCF-7/exo) and MCF-7/ADR cells (ADR/exo) were effectively extracted in this study. The ADR/exo was able to endocytose MCF-7 cells and make them considerably more resistant to Dox. Moreover, we observed a significant difference in miR-34a-5p expression in MCF-7/ADR and ADR/exo compared to MCF-7 and MCF-7/exo. Among the miR-34a-5p target genes, NOTCH1 displayed a clear change with a negative correlation. In addition, when miR-34a-5p expression was elevated in MCF-7/ADR cells, the expression of miR-34a-5p in ADR/exo was also enhanced alongside NOTCH1, implying that exosomes may carry miRNA into and out of cells and perform their function. In conclusion, exosomes can influence Dox resistance in breast cancer cells by regulating miR-34a-5p/NOTCH1. These findings provide novel insights for research into the causes of tumor resistance and the enhancement of chemotherapy efficacy in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Nan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Ke-Fan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Zhuang Miao
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Yun-Xia Chen
- Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Jing-Xia Cui
- Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China.
| | - Su-Wen Su
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Guang ZLP, Kristensen G, Røder A, Brasso K. Oncological and Functional Outcomes of Whole-Gland HIFU as the Primary Treatment for Localized Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2024; 22:102101. [PMID: 38811288 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2024.102101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is regarded as a promising alternative treatment option for localized prostate cancer (PCa) as it has been proposed to offer similar oncologic control to the standard of care, but with significantly reduced treatment-related side effects. This systematic literature review assesses the available evidence of whole-gland HIFU as primary treatment for localized PCa. METHODS MEDLINE (PubMed) was searched for studies investigating oncological and functional outcomes following whole-gland HIFU as primary treatment for localized PCa. Our primary outcomes for the review were biochemical disease-free survival rates (BDFS), overall and PCa-specific survival rates as well as negative biopsy rates. Our secondary outcomes were functional results and complications of the treatment. RESULTS A total of 375 articles were identified, of which 35 were included in the present review. All 35 articles were prospective or retrospective case series. Mean/median duration of follow-up across studies was 10.9 to 94 months, and 6618 patients were included in the review. The BDFS rate varied greatly across studies from 21.7% to 89.2% during follow-up. The 10-year PCa-specific survival rate following HIFU was 90%, 99%, and 100% in 3 studies. Negative biopsy rates post-HIFU ranged from 20% to 92.7% across studies. Common side effects to HIFU included urinary incontinence (grade 1: 0%-22.7%), erectile dysfunction (11.6%-77.1%), urinary tract infections (1.5%-47.9%), and bladder outlet obstruction mainly as urethral strictures (7%-41.2%). CONCLUSION Great variation in oncological and functional outcomes was seen across studies. More prospective trials are needed before whole-gland HIFU can be considered as a treatment option for localized PCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhilin Liu Peter Guang
- Copenhagen Prostate Cancer Center, Department of Urology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Gitte Kristensen
- Copenhagen Prostate Cancer Center, Department of Urology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Røder
- Copenhagen Prostate Cancer Center, Department of Urology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klaus Brasso
- Copenhagen Prostate Cancer Center, Department of Urology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Weng W, Hsieh Y, Lin C, Liu Y, Su S, Wang S, Yang S. Functional variants of the pentraxin 3 gene are associated with the metastasis and progression of prostate cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e70041. [PMID: 39187920 PMCID: PMC11347125 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.70041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Age, ethnic background and genetic components have been identified as the established risks for prostate cancer (PCa). Pentraxin 3 (PTX3), originally identified as a pattern-recognition molecule for defence against infectious agents, has multiple functions in tissue repair and in the regulation of cancer-associated inflammation. In this study, we sought to investigate the impact of PTX3 gene variants on the development of PCa. Genotypes of four common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of PTX3 gene, including rs1840680, rs2305619, rs3816527 and rs2120243, were profiled among 705 PCa patients and 705 ethnicity-matched controls. In this study, we found that patients who carry at least one minor allele (C) of rs3816527 (AC and CC) tended to develop advanced forms of diseases (clinical large T stage, OR, 1.593, p = 0.032; pathologically-confirmed nodal spread, OR, 1.987, p = 0.011; metastatic tumour, OR, 3.896, p = 0.032) as compared with those homologous for the major allele (AA). Further stratification analysis showed that such association of rs3816527 with lymphatic and distal metastasis of PCa was accentuated in the younger age group (≤65 at diagnosis) but not seen in the older age group (>65 at diagnosis), suggesting an age-specific effect of PTX3 variants. Prediction of PTX3 protein structure implied that polymorphism may alter the quaternary organization and oligomerization of PTX3 protein. Moreover, our gene silencing experiments and survey of public datasets revealed that elevation of PTX3 levels in PCa was required for cell migration and associated with tumour metastasis. Our results highlight an association of PTX3 rs3816527 with the progression of PCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei‐Chun Weng
- Division of Urology, Department of SurgeryTungs' Taichung Metroharbor HospitalTaichungTaiwan
- Department of Post‐Baccalaureate Medicine, College of MedicineNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan
| | - Yi‐Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of MedicineChung Shan Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
- Department of Medical ResearchChung Shan Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
| | - Chia‐Yen Lin
- Division of Urology, Department of SurgeryTaichung Veterans General HospitalTaichungTaiwan
- School of MedicineChung Shan Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
- School of MedicineNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Yu‐Fan Liu
- Department of Biomedical SciencesChung Shan Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
| | - Shih‐Chi Su
- Whole‐Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human DiseasesChang Gung Memorial HospitalKeelungTaiwan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of MedicineChang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Shian‐Shiang Wang
- Division of Urology, Department of SurgeryTaichung Veterans General HospitalTaichungTaiwan
- School of MedicineChung Shan Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
- Department of Applied ChemistryNational Chi Nan UniversityNantouTaiwan
| | - Shun‐Fa Yang
- Institute of MedicineChung Shan Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
- Department of Medical ResearchChung Shan Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Pedreira PB, Fleszar-Pavlović SE, Walsh EA, Noriega Esquives B, Moreno PI, Perdomo D, Heller AS, Antoni MH, Penedo FJ. Familism, family cohesion, and health-related quality of life in Hispanic prostate cancer survivors. J Behav Med 2024; 47:595-608. [PMID: 38429598 PMCID: PMC11293424 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-024-00479-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Familism, the cultural value that emphasizes feelings of loyalty and dedication to one's family, has been related to both positive and negative outcomes in Hispanic cancer survivors. One potential source of observed inconsistencies may be limited attention to the family environment, as familism may be protective in a cohesive family whereas it can exacerbate distress in a conflictive family. PURPOSE The current study explored the associations of familism with general and disease-specific health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Hispanic men who completed prostate cancer (PC) treatment, and whether family cohesion may help explain these relationships. METHODS Hispanic men treated for localized PC (e.g., radiation, surgery) were enrolled in a randomized controlled stress management trial and assessed prior to randomization. Familism (familial obligation) was assessed using Sabogal's Familism Scale and family cohesion was measured using the Family Environment Scale (ranging from high to low). The sexual, urinary incontinence, and urinary obstructive/irritative domains of the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite - Short Form measured disease-specific HRQoL. The physical, emotional, and functional well-being subscales of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy - General captured general HRQoL. Hierarchical linear regression and the SPSS PROCESS macro were used to conduct moderation analyses, while controlling for relevant covariates. RESULTS Participants were 202 older men on average 65.7 years of age (SD = 8.0) who had been diagnosed with PC an average of 22 months prior to enrollment. Familism was not directly associated with general and disease-specific HRQoL. Moderation analyses revealed that greater familism was related to poorer urinary functioning in the incontinence (p = .03) and irritative/obstructive domains (p = .01), and lower emotional well-being (p = .02), particularly when family cohesion was low. CONCLUSIONS These findings underscore the importance of considering contextual factors, such as family cohesion, in understanding the influence of familism on general and disease-specific HRQoL among Hispanic PC patients. The combined influence of familism and family cohesion predicts clinically meaningful differences in urinary functioning and emotional well-being during the posttreatment phase. Culturally sensitive psychosocial interventions to boost family cohesion and leverage the positive impact of familistic attitudes are needed to enhance HRQoL outcomes in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara E Fleszar-Pavlović
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Emily A Walsh
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Blanca Noriega Esquives
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Patricia I Moreno
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Dolores Perdomo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Aaron S Heller
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Michael H Antoni
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Frank J Penedo
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA.
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Sathyanarayanan A. First, a seat; then, an upgrade. J Hum Hypertens 2024; 38:620-623. [PMID: 38987380 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-024-00933-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The Sir Stanley Peart Essay Competition is an annual event run by the British and Irish Hypertension Society to encourage Early Career Researchers to continue the ethos of Sir Stanley Peart. Sir Stanley Peart was a clinician and clinical researcher who made a major contribution to our understanding of blood pressure regulation. He was the first to demonstrate the release of noradrenaline in response to sympathetic nerve stimulation. He was also the first to purify, and determine the structure of, angiotensin and he later isolated the enzyme, renin, and carried out many important investigations of the factors controlling its release in the body. This year, the essay topic was "Do we need new classes of antihypertensive drugs?". In his prize-winning essay, "First, a seat; then, an upgrade", Dr Sathyanarayanan argues that we do not need new classes of antihypertensive drugs, instead we should focus our attention on addressing the factors that lead to high blood pressure in the first place and use our existing drug classes more effectively.
Collapse
|
22
|
Kaur P, Nazeer N, Gurjar V, Tiwari R, Mishra PK. Nanophotonic waveguide-based sensing of circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA: implications for personalized medicine. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:104086. [PMID: 38960132 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.104086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (ccf-mtDNA) has emerged as a promising biomarker, with potential implications for disease diagnosis. Changes in mtDNA, such as deletions, mutations or variations in the number of copies, have been associated with mitochondrial disorders, heart diseases, cancer and age-related non-communicable diseases. Previous methods, such as polymerase chain reaction-based approaches, next-generation sequencing and imaging-based techniques, have shown improved accuracy in identifying rare mtDNA variants or mutations, but they have limitations. This article explains the basic principles and benefits of using planar optical waveguide-based detection devices, which represent an advanced approach in the field of sensing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prasan Kaur
- Division of Environmental Biotechnology, Genetics & Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health (NIREH), Bhopal, India
| | - Nazim Nazeer
- Division of Environmental Biotechnology, Genetics & Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health (NIREH), Bhopal, India
| | - Vikas Gurjar
- Division of Environmental Biotechnology, Genetics & Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health (NIREH), Bhopal, India
| | - Rajnarayan Tiwari
- Division of Environmental Biotechnology, Genetics & Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health (NIREH), Bhopal, India
| | - Pradyumna Kumar Mishra
- Division of Environmental Biotechnology, Genetics & Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health (NIREH), Bhopal, India.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Braga I, Gonçalves-Monteiro S, Calisto R, Rangel M, Medeiros E, Cunha JL, Rosinha A, Oliveira Â, Fialho AC, Santos S, Redondo P, Bento MJ. Real‑world retrospective study of early‑stage prostate cancer at a Portuguese Comprehensive Cancer Centre: The PEarlC study. Oncol Lett 2024; 28:362. [PMID: 38895053 PMCID: PMC11184360 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the high prevalence of localised prostate cancer (LPC) and locally advanced prostate cancer (LAPC), evidence on the characteristics of patients, treatments and clinical outcomes stratified by disease risk is limited. The PEarlC study was conducted to characterise a cohort of patients with early-stage prostate cancer that included real-world clinical outcomes. Retrospective data from a cohort of patients diagnosed with LPC/LAPC between 2015 and 2017 and followed up until December 2020 at a Portuguese comprehensive cancer centre (IPO Porto) was analysed. Patients were classified as LPC (high- or non-high-risk) or LAPC according to European Association of Urology guidelines, were eligible if diagnosed at stage I-III and followed up in Urology, Medical Oncology or Radiation Oncology outpatient clinics of IPO Porto. Data was collected from the medical/administrative records database. Clinical outcomes included prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression-free survival, metastasis-free survival, disease-free survival, progression-free survival, overall survival (OS), PSA response (palliative) and no evidence of residual tumour (prostatectomy). Time-to-event outcomes were compared between subgroups using the log-rank test. A total of 790 patients were included (54.8% non-high-risk LPC, 30.9% high-risk LPC, 14.3% LAPC) and the median follow-up was 46.7 months. Patients had a median age of 68.0 years. The majority of patients were stage II (52.9%) and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group 0-1 (99.9%) and received treatment with curative intent (85.4%). The median was only achieved in progression-free survival (29.9 months; 95% CI, 26.5-41.0 months), as evaluated in palliative patients. At year 5, 82.9% were free of PSA progression (curative), 87.5% were metastasis-free, 83.7% were disease-free, all patients in palliative treatment progressed and the 5-year OS rate was 92.9% (CI 95%, 90.2-95.7%). Among patients with LPC, OS was worse in high-risk vs. non-high-risk patients (5-year OS rate, 88.8% vs. 96.8%; hazard ratio=3.34, CI 95%, 1.64-7.05; P=0.001). PSA response rate was 81.4% in the palliative setting. There was no evidence of residual tumour in 61.6% of patients who underwent prostatectomy. Although most patients with early-stage prostate cancer treated at IPO Porto showed positive 5-year real-world outcomes, patients with high-risk LPC showed worse OS compared with patients with non-high-risk LPC and therefore a poorer prognosis. The present large-sample real-world study is an important contribution to reducing the evidence gap on prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Braga
- Department of Urology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre & Health Research Network@Research Center of Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Salomé Gonçalves-Monteiro
- Outcomes Research Lab, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Management, Group of Outcomes Research and Economics in Healthcare, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto/Porto Research Centre/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre & Health Research Network@Research Center of Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Calisto
- Department of Epidemiology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre & Health Research Network@Research Center of Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Cancer Epidemiology Group-Research Centre, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre & Health Research Network@Research Center of Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta Rangel
- Outcomes Research Lab, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Medeiros
- Outcomes Research Lab, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - José Luís Cunha
- Outcomes Research Lab, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Management, Group of Outcomes Research and Economics in Healthcare, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto/Porto Research Centre/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre & Health Research Network@Research Center of Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Alina Rosinha
- Department of Medical Oncology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre & Health Research Network@Research Center of Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ângelo Oliveira
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre & Health Research Network@Research Center of Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Susana Santos
- Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine, 2740-262 Porto Salvo, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Redondo
- Outcomes Research Lab, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Management, Group of Outcomes Research and Economics in Healthcare, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto/Porto Research Centre/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre & Health Research Network@Research Center of Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria José Bento
- Department of Epidemiology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre & Health Research Network@Research Center of Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Cancer Epidemiology Group-Research Centre, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre & Health Research Network@Research Center of Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Populations Studies, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar of the University of Porto, 4050-456 Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
La J, Wang L, Corrigan JK, Lang D, Lee MH, Do NV, Brophy MT, Paller CJ, Fillmore NR. Abiraterone or Enzalutamide for Patients With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e2428444. [PMID: 39150709 PMCID: PMC11329885 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.28444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Abiraterone acetate and enzalutamide are recommended as preferred treatments for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), but differences in their relative efficacy are unclear due to a lack of head-to-head clinical trials. Clear guidance is needed for making informed mCRPC therapeutic choices. Objective To compare clinical outcomes in patients with mCRPC treated with abiraterone acetate or enzalutamide. Design, Setting, and Participants This retrospective, multicenter cohort study included patients with mCRPC in the US Department of Veterans Affairs health care system who initiated treatment with abiraterone acetate or enzalutamide between January 1, 2014, and October 30, 2022. Exposures Abiraterone acetate or enzalutamide. Main Outcomes and Measures The study used inverse probability of treatment weighting to balance baseline characteristics between patients initiating abiraterone acetate or enzalutamide and evaluated restricted mean survival time (RMST) differences in overall survival (OS), prostate cancer-specific survival (PCS), time to next treatment switching or death (TTS), and time to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response (TTR) at different time points after treatment initiation. Results The study included 5779 patients (median age, 74.42 years [IQR, 68.94-82.14 years]). Median follow-up was between 38 and 60 months. Patients initiating enzalutamide on average had longer OS than those initiating abiraterone acetate, with RMSTs of 24.29 months (95% CI, 23.58-24.99 months) and 23.38 months (95% CI, 22.85-23.92 months), respectively, and a difference in RMST of 0.90 months (95% CI, 0.02-1.79 months) at 4 years. Similarly, TTS and TTR were improved in patients initiating enzalutamide, with an RMST at 4 years of 1.95 months (95% CI, 0.92-2.99 months) longer for TTS and 3.57 months (95% CI, 1.76-5.38 months) shorter for TTR. For PCS, the RMST at 2 years was 0.48 months (95% CI, 0.01-0.95 months) longer. An examination of subgroups identified that enzalutamide initiation was associated with longer RMST in OS among patients without prior docetaxel treatment (1.14 months; 95% CI, 0.19-2.10 months) and in those with PSA doubling time of 3 months or longer (2.23 months; 95% CI, 0.81-3.66 months) but not among patients with prior docetaxel (-0.25 months; 95% CI, -2.59 to 2.09 months) or with PSA doubling time of less than 3 months (0.05 months; 95% CI, -1.05 to 1.15 months). Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study of patients with mCRPC, initiation of enzalutamide was associated with small but statistically significant improvements in OS, PCS, TTS, and TTR compared with initiation of abiraterone acetate. The improvements were more prominent in short-term outcomes, including TTS and TTR, and in patient subgroups without prior docetaxel or with PSA doubling time longer than 3 months.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer La
- VA Cooperative Studies Program, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - June K. Corrigan
- VA Cooperative Studies Program, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Deborah Lang
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michelle H. Lee
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mass General Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Nhan V. Do
- VA Cooperative Studies Program, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mary T. Brophy
- VA Cooperative Studies Program, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts
- Section of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Channing J. Paller
- VA Cooperative Studies Program, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Nathanael R. Fillmore
- VA Cooperative Studies Program, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ye Z, Kou Y, Shen J, Dang J, Tan X, Jiang X, Wang X, Lu H, Chen S, Cheng Z. A comparative study of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT and pelvic MRI in newly diagnosed prostate cancer. BMC Med Imaging 2024; 24:192. [PMID: 39080625 PMCID: PMC11290235 DOI: 10.1186/s12880-024-01376-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the difference in the diagnostic efficacy of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT and pelvic MRI in primary prostate cancer, as well as the correlation between the two methods and histopathological parameters and serum PSA levels. METHODS A total of 41 patients with suspected prostate cancer who underwent 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT imaging in our department from 2018 to 2023 were retrospectively collected. All patients underwent 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT and MRI scans. The sensitivity, PPV and diagnostic accuracy of MRI and 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in the diagnosis of prostate cancer were calculated after comparing the results of MRI and 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT with biopsy. The Spearman test was used to calculate the correlation between 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT, MRI parameters, histopathological indicators, and serum PSA levels. RESULTS Compared with histopathological results, the sensitivity, PPV and diagnostic accuracy of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in the diagnosis of prostate cancer were 95.1%, 100.0% and 95.1%, respectively. The sensitivity, PPV and diagnostic accuracy of MRI in the diagnosis of prostate cancer were 82.9%, 100.0% and 82.9%, respectively. There was a mild to moderately positive correlation between Gleason (Gs) score, Ki-67 index, serum PSA level and 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT parameters (p < 0.05). There was a moderately negative correlation between the expression of AMACR (P504S) and 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT parameters (p < 0.05). The serum PSA level and the Gs score were moderately positively correlated with the MRI parameters (p < 0.05). There was no correlation between histopathological parameters and MRI parameters (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Compared with MRI, 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT has higher sensitivity and diagnostic accuracy in the detection of malignant prostate tumors. In addition, the Ki-67 index and AMACR (P504S) expression were only correlated with 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT parameters. Gs score and serum PSA level were correlated with 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT and MRI parameters. 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT examination can provide certain reference values for the clinical diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of malignant prostate tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyan Ye
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Guang'an District People's Hospital, Guangan, China
| | - Ying Kou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaqi Shen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Dang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaofei Tan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Lu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Shirong Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhuzhong Cheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kadria-Vili Y, Schwartz JA, Polascik TJ, Goodrich GP, Jorden D, Pinder D, Halas NJ, Rastinehad AR. A Detailed Clinical Case of Localized Prostate Tumors Treated with Nanoparticle-Assisted Sub-Ablative Laser Ablation. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:1261. [PMID: 39120366 PMCID: PMC11313886 DOI: 10.3390/nano14151261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
AuroLase® Therapy-a nanoparticle-enabled focal therapy-has the potential to safely and effectively treat localized prostate cancer (PCa), preserving baseline functionality. This article presents a detailed case of localized PCa treated with AuroLase, providing insight on expectations from the diagnosis of PCa to one year post-treatment. AuroLase Therapy is a two-day treatment consisting of a systemic infusion of gold nanoshells (~150-nm hydrodynamic diameter) on Day 1, and sub-ablative laser treatment on Day 2. Multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) was used for tumor visualization, treatment planning, and therapy response assessment. The PCa was targeted with a MR/Ultrasound-fusion (MR/US) transperineal approach. Successful treatment was confirmed at 6 and 12 months post-treatment by the absence of disease in MR/US targeted biopsies. On the mpMRI, confined void space was evident, an indication of necrotic tissues encompassing the treated lesion, which was completely resolved at 12 months, forming a band-like scar with no evidence of recurrent tumor. The patient's urinary and sexual functions were unchanged. During the one-year follow-up, changes on the DCE sequence and in the Ktrans and ADC values assist in qualitatively and quantitatively evaluating tissue changes. The results highlight the potential of gold-nanoparticle-enabled sub-ablative laser treatment to target and control localized PCa, maintain quality of life, and preserve baseline functionality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yara Kadria-Vili
- Nanospectra Biosciences Inc., Houston, TX 77054, USA; (Y.K.-V.); (D.J.)
| | - Jon A. Schwartz
- Nanospectra Biosciences Inc., Houston, TX 77054, USA; (Y.K.-V.); (D.J.)
| | - Thomas J. Polascik
- Department of Urology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (T.J.P.)
| | - Glenn P. Goodrich
- Nanospectra Biosciences Inc., Houston, TX 77054, USA; (Y.K.-V.); (D.J.)
| | - David Jorden
- Nanospectra Biosciences Inc., Houston, TX 77054, USA; (Y.K.-V.); (D.J.)
| | - Diane Pinder
- Department of Urology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (T.J.P.)
| | - Naomi J. Halas
- Laboratory for Nanophotonics, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA;
| | - Ardeshir R. Rastinehad
- Smith Institute for Urology at Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New York, NY 10075, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Neuhouser ML, Schenk JM, Wright JL. Exercise for Prostate Cancer-Worthy Goals but Suboptimal Trial Designs. JAMA Oncol 2024:2821208. [PMID: 39023913 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2024.2057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Marian L Neuhouser
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
- School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Jeannette M Schenk
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jonathan L Wright
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
- Urologic Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Kallis K, Conlin CC, Zhong AY, Hussain TS, Chatterjee A, Karczmar GS, Rakow-Penner R, Dale AM, Seibert TM. Comparison of synthesized and acquired high b-value diffusion-weighted MRI for detection of prostate cancer. Cancer Imaging 2024; 24:89. [PMID: 38972972 PMCID: PMC11229343 DOI: 10.1186/s40644-024-00723-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High b-value diffusion-weighted images (DWI) are used for detection of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). This study qualitatively and quantitatively compares synthesized DWI (sDWI) to acquired (aDWI) for detection of csPCa. METHODS One hundred fifty-one consecutive patients who underwent prostate MRI and biopsy were included in the study. Axial DWI with b = 0, 500, 1000, and 2000 s/mm2 using a 3T clinical scanner using a 32-channel phased-array body coil were acquired. We retrospectively synthesized DWI for b = 2000 s/mm2 via extrapolation based on mono-exponential decay, using b = 0 and b = 500 s/mm2 (sDWI500) and b = 0, b = 500 s/mm2, and b = 1000 s/mm2 (sDWI1000). Differences in signal intensity between sDWI and aDWI were evaluated within different regions of interest (prostate alone, prostate plus 5 mm, 30 mm and 70 mm margin and full field of view). The maximum DWI value within each ROI was evaluated for prediction of csPCa. Classification accuracy was compared to Restriction Spectrum Imaging restriction score (RSIrs), a previously validated biomarker based on multi-exponential DWI. Discrimination of csPCa was evaluated via area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). RESULTS Within the prostate, mean ± standard deviation of percent mean differences between sDWI and aDWI signal were -46 ± 35% for sDWI1000 and -67 ± 24% for sDWI500. AUC for aDWI, sDWI500, sDWI1000, and RSIrs within the prostate 0.62[95% confidence interval: 0.53, 0.71], 0.63[0.54, 0.72], 0.65[0.56, 0.73] and 0.78[0.71, 0.86], respectively. CONCLUSION sDWI is qualitatively comparable to aDWI within the prostate. However, hyperintense artifacts are introduced with sDWI in the surrounding pelvic tissue that interfere with quantitative cancer detection and might mask metastases. In the prostate, RSIrs yields superior quantitative csPCa detection than sDWI or aDWI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karoline Kallis
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Christopher C Conlin
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Allison Y Zhong
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Troy S Hussain
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Aritrick Chatterjee
- Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Sanford J. Grossmann Center of Excellence in Prostate Imaging and Image Guided Therapy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gregory S Karczmar
- Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Sanford J. Grossmann Center of Excellence in Prostate Imaging and Image Guided Therapy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rebecca Rakow-Penner
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Anders M Dale
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
- Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Tyler M Seibert
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego Jacobs School of Engineering, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Cao T, Sun Q, Shi X, Lin X, Lin Q, Zhu J, Xu J, Cui D, Shi Y, Jing Y, Guo W. EAF2 Downregulation Recruits Tumor-associated Macrophages in Prostate Cancer through Upregulation of MIF. Biol Proced Online 2024; 26:21. [PMID: 38969982 PMCID: PMC11225222 DOI: 10.1186/s12575-024-00247-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of tumor inflammatory microenvironment in the advancement of cancer, particularly prostate cancer, is widely acknowledged. ELL-associated factor 2 (EAF2), a tumor suppressor that has been identified in the prostate, is often downregulated in prostate cancer. Earlier investigations have shown that mice with EAF2 gene knockout exhibited a substantial infiltration of inflammatory cells into the prostatic stroma. METHODS A cohort comprising 38 patients who had been diagnosed with prostate cancer and subsequently undergone radical prostatectomy (RP) was selected. These patients were pathologically graded according to the Gleason scoring system and divided into two groups. The purpose of this selection was to investigate the potential correlation between EAF2 and CD163 using immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. Additionally, in vitro experimentation was conducted to verify the relationship between EAF2 expression, macrophage migration and polarization. RESULTS Our study demonstrated that in specimens of human prostate cancer, the expression of EAF2 was notably downregulated, and this decrease was inversely associated with the number of CD163-positive macrophages that infiltrated the cancerous tissue. Cell co-culture experiments revealed that the chemotactic effect of tumor cells towards macrophages was intensified and that macrophages differentiated into tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) when EAF2 was knocked out. Additionally, the application of cytokine protein microarray showed that the expression of chemokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) increased after EAF2 knockout. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested that EAF2 was involved in the infiltration of CD163-positive macrophages in prostate cancer via MIF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Cao
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Urology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqin Shi
- Department of Pathology , Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuke Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qingyuan Lin
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinchao Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junhao Xu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Cui
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Youwei Shi
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Urology, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Yifeng Jing
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wenhuan Guo
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Solanki R, Bhatia D. Stimulus-Responsive Hydrogels for Targeted Cancer Therapy. Gels 2024; 10:440. [PMID: 39057463 PMCID: PMC11275390 DOI: 10.3390/gels10070440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease and remains a global health challenge affecting millions of human lives worldwide. Despite advancements in conventional treatments like surgery, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, the rise of multidrug resistance, tumor recurrence, and their severe side effects and the complex nature of the tumor microenvironment (TME) necessitates innovative therapeutic approaches. Recently, stimulus-responsive nanomedicines designed to target TME characteristics (e.g., pH alterations, redox conditions, enzyme secretion) have gained attention for their potential to enhance anticancer efficacy while minimizing the adverse effects of chemotherapeutics/bioactive compounds. Among the various nanocarriers, hydrogels are intriguing due to their high-water content, adjustable mechanical characteristics, and responsiveness to external and internal stimuli, making them promising candidates for cancer therapy. These properties make hydrogels an ideal nanocarrier for controlled drug release within the TME. This review comprehensively surveys the latest advancements in the area of stimulus-responsive hydrogels for cancer therapy, exploring various stimuli-responsive mechanisms, including biological (e.g., pH, redox), chemical (e.g., enzymes, glucose), and physical (e.g., temperature, light), as well as dual- or multi-stimuli responsiveness. Furthermore, this review addresses the current developments and challenges in hydrogels in cancer treatment. Our aim is to provide readers with a comprehensive understanding of stimulus-responsive hydrogels for cancer treatment, offering novel perspectives on their development for cancer therapy and other medical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raghu Solanki
- Department of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Dhiraj Bhatia
- Department of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj 382355, Gujarat, India
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Martins FE, Lumen N, Holm HV. Management of the Devastated Bladder Outlet after Prostate CANCER Treatment. Curr Urol Rep 2024; 25:149-162. [PMID: 38750347 DOI: 10.1007/s11934-024-01206-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Devastating complications of the bladder outlet resulting from prostate cancer treatments are relatively uncommon. However, the combination of the high incidence of prostate cancer and patient longevity after treatment have raised awareness of adverse outcomes deteriorating patients' quality of life. This narrative review discusses the diagnostic work-up and management options for bladder outlet obstruction resulting from prostate cancer treatments, including those that require urinary diversion. RECENT FINDINGS The devastated bladder outlet can be a consequence of the treatment of benign conditions, but more frequently from complications of pelvic cancer treatments. Regardless of etiology, the initial treatment ladder involves endoluminal options such as dilation and direct vision internal urethrotomy, with or without intralesional injection of anti-fibrotic agents. If these conservative strategies fail, surgical reconstruction should be considered. Although surgical reconstruction provides the best prospect of durable success, reconstructive procedures are also associated with serious complications. In the worst circumstances, such as prior radiotherapy, failed reconstruction, devastated bladder outlet with end-stage bladders, or patient's severe comorbidities, reconstruction may neither be realistic nor justified. Urinary diversion with or without cystectomy may be the best option for these patients. Thorough patient counseling before treatment selection is of utmost importance. Outcomes and repercussions on quality of life vary extensively with management options. Meticulous preoperative diagnostic evaluation is paramount in selecting the right treatment strategy for each individual patient. The risk of bladder outlet obstruction, and its severest form, devastated bladder outlet, after treatment of prostate cancer is not negligible, especially following radiation. Management includes endoluminal treatment, open or robot-assisted laparoscopic reconstruction, and urinary diversion in the worst circumstances, with varying success rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco E Martins
- Department of Urology, University of Lisbon, School of Medicine, Centro Hospitalar Universitário, Lisboa Norte (CHULN), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Nicolaas Lumen
- Department of Urology, Ghent University Hospital, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Liu JX, Wang ZY, Niu SX, Sai XY, Zhang X, Zhang XP, Ma X. Transrectal versus transperineal prostate biopsy for cancer detection in patients with gray-zone prostate-specific antigen: a multicenter, real-world study. Asian J Androl 2024; 26:377-381. [PMID: 38624201 PMCID: PMC11280212 DOI: 10.4103/aja20241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Knowledge about the effect of different prostate biopsy approaches on the prostate cancer detection rate (CDR) in patients with gray-zone prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is limited. We performed this study to compare the CDR among patients who underwent different biopsy approaches and had rising PSA levels in the gray zone. Two hundred and twenty-two patients who underwent transrectal prostate biopsy (TRB) and 216 patients who underwent transperineal prostate biopsy (TPB) between June 2016 and September 2022 were reviewed in this study. In addition, 110 patients who received additional targeted biopsies following the systematic TPB were identified. Clinical parameters, including age, PSA derivative, prostate volume (PV), and needle core count, were recorded. The data were fitted via propensity score matching (PSM), adjusting for potential confounders. TPB outperformed TRB in terms of the CDR (49.6% vs 28.3%, P = 0.001). The clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) detection rate was not significantly different between TPB and TRB (78.6% vs 68.8%, P = 0.306). In stratified analysis, TPB outperformed TRB in CDR when the age of patients was 65-75 years (59.0% vs 22.0%, P < 0.001), when PV was 25.00-50.00 ml (63.2% vs 28.3%, P < 0.001), and when needle core count was no more than 12 (58.5% vs 31.5%, P = 0.005). The CDR ( P = 0.712) and detection rate of csPCa ( P = 0.993) did not significantly differ among the systematic, targeted, and combined biopsies. TPB outperformed TRB in CDR for patients with gray-zone PSA. Moreover, performing target biopsy after systematic TPB provided no additional benefits in CDR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Xiao Liu
- The Graduate School, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
- Department of Urology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Ze-Yuan Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Shao-Xi Niu
- Department of Urology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xiao-Yong Sai
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Statistics, The Graduate School, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xue-Pei Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Xin Ma
- Department of Urology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Shimomura T, Mori K, Matsukawa A, Fukuokaya W, Yanagisawa T, Urabe F, Murakami M, Miki J, Yamada H, Kimura T. Abiraterone Acetate Versus Enzalutamide Against Chemo-Naïve Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer With Full-Dose Induction. Cureus 2024; 16:e64217. [PMID: 39130842 PMCID: PMC11310824 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.64217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose We recently released the multi-institutional real-world analysis about the difference in survival outcomes between abiraterone acetate and enzalutamide against chemo-naïve castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) in a first-line setting. Although reduced dose induction cases were included in that analysis, induction dose reduction might correlate with reduced efficacy. In this study, we analyzed full-dose induction subgroups from our overall cohort and investigated the true difference in efficacy between these agents. Methods A total of 220 chemotherapy-naïve CRPC cases treated with full-dose induction of first-line androgen receptor signaling inhibitor (ARSI) were analyzed. Outcome measures were prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response, PSA progression-free survival (PSA-PFS), treatment failure-free survival (TFF), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS). Results Abiraterone acetate and enzalutamide were administered to 58 and 162 patients, respectively. The median PSA response rate (-65.4% (A) and -81.5% (E), p = 0.0252), PSA decline ≥ 90% (22.4% (A) and 37.0% (E), p = 0.0478), PSA-PFS (median four months (A) and seven months (E), p = 0.00833), TFF (median six months (A) and 15 months (E), p<0.0001), CSS (median 45 months (A) and not reached (E), p < 0.0001), and OS (median 34 months (A) and 80 months (E), p<0.001) were significantly better in the E group. Conclusion This study showed that PSA response, PSA-PFS, TTF, CSS, and OS were better with first-line enzalutamide administration. Direct inhibition of androgen receptor signaling by enzalutamide is associated with better clinical outcomes in the full-dose induction cohort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Keiichiro Mori
- Urology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JPN
| | | | | | | | - Fumihiko Urabe
- Urology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JPN
| | | | - Jun Miki
- Urology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JPN
| | - Hiroki Yamada
- Urology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JPN
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Nikitas J, Ong WL, Carrier N, Romero T, Millar J, Steinberg ML, Rettig MB, Boutros PC, Reiter R, Nickols NG, Valle L, McGuire SE, Spratt DE, Souhami L, Roy S, Martin JM, Joseph D, Nabid A, Kishan AU. Prostate-Specific Antigen Response to Androgen Deprivation Therapy in the Neoadjuvant Setting for High-Risk Prostate Adenocarcinoma (PIRANHA): Pooled Analysis of Two Randomized Clinical Trials. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2024; 119:826-831. [PMID: 38151191 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE A suboptimal prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response to neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) among men who go on to receive definitive radiation therapy for prostate cancer might suggest the existence of castration-resistant disease or altered androgen receptor signaling. This in turn may portend worse long-term clinical outcomes, especially in men with high-risk disease. We set out to evaluate the prognostic impact of poor PSA response to neoadjuvant ADT in men with high-risk prostate cancer. METHODS AND MATERIALS This was a post hoc analysis of the multicenter TROG 03.04 RADAR and PCS IV randomized clinical trials. Inclusion criteria for this analysis were patients with high-risk prostate cancer (defined as Gleason score ≥8, initial PSA ≥20 ng/mL, or cT3a disease or higher) who received definitive radiation therapy, at least 18 months of ADT, and had a preradiation therapy PSA level drawn after at least 3 months of neoadjuvant ADT. Poor PSA response was defined as PSA >0.5 ng/mL. Cox regression and Fine-Gray models were used to test whether poor PSA response was associated with metastasis-free survival, biochemical recurrence, prostate-cancer specific mortality, and overall survival. RESULTS Nine hundred thirty men met inclusion criteria for this analysis. Median follow-up was 130 months (interquartile range [IQR], 89-154 months). After a median of 3 months (IQR, 3-4.2 months) of neoadjuvant ADT, the median PSA was 0.60 ng/mL (IQR, 0.29-1.59). Overall, 535 men (57%) had a PSA >0.5 ng/mL. Poor PSA response was associated with significantly worse metastasis-free survival (hazard ratio [HR], 3.93; P = .02), worse biochemical recurrence (subdistribution HR, 2.39; P = .003), worse prostate-cancer specific mortality (subdistribution HR, 1.50; P = .005), and worse overall survival (HR, 4.51; P = .05). CONCLUSIONS Patients with PSA >0.5 mg/mL after at least 3 months of neoadjuvant ADT had worse long-term clinical outcomes and should be considered for treatment intensification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Nikitas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Wee Loon Ong
- Alfred Health Radiation Oncology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Radiation Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Heath Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nathalie Carrier
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tahmineh Romero
- Department of Medicine Statistics Core, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jeremy Millar
- Alfred Health Radiation Oncology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael L Steinberg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Matthew B Rettig
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California; Hematology-Oncology Section, Medicine Service, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California
| | - Paul C Boutros
- Department of Urology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Robert Reiter
- Department of Urology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Nicholas G Nickols
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Radiation Oncology Service, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California
| | - Luca Valle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Radiation Oncology Service, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California
| | - Sean E McGuire
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Daniel E Spratt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Seidman Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Luis Souhami
- Department of Radiation Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Soumyajit Roy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jarad M Martin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle & School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Joseph
- University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Genesis Cancer Care, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; 5D Clinics, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Abdenour Nabid
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Amar U Kishan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
VanElzakker MB, Bues HF, Brusaferri L, Kim M, Saadi D, Ratai EM, Dougherty DD, Loggia ML. Neuroinflammation in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) as assessed by [ 11C]PBR28 PET correlates with vascular disease measures. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 119:713-723. [PMID: 38642615 PMCID: PMC11225883 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has triggered a consequential public health crisis of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC), sometimes referred to as long COVID. The mechanisms of the heterogeneous persistent symptoms and signs that comprise PASC are under investigation, and several studies have pointed to the central nervous and vascular systems as being potential sites of dysfunction. In the current study, we recruited individuals with PASC with diverse symptoms, and examined the relationship between neuroinflammation and circulating markers of vascular dysfunction. We used [11C]PBR28 PET neuroimaging, a marker of neuroinflammation, to compare 12 PASC individuals versus 43 normative healthy controls. We found significantly increased neuroinflammation in PASC versus controls across a wide swath of brain regions including midcingulate and anterior cingulate cortex, corpus callosum, thalamus, basal ganglia, and at the boundaries of ventricles. We also collected and analyzed peripheral blood plasma from the PASC individuals and found significant positive correlations between neuroinflammation and several circulating analytes related to vascular dysfunction. These results suggest that an interaction between neuroinflammation and vascular health may contribute to common symptoms of PASC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael B VanElzakker
- Division of Neurotherapeutics, Department of Psychiatry, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; PolyBio Research Foundation, Medford, MA, USA.
| | - Hannah F Bues
- Division of Neurotherapeutics, Department of Psychiatry, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ludovica Brusaferri
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Computer Science And Informatics, School of Engineering, London South Bank University, London, UK
| | - Minhae Kim
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Deena Saadi
- Division of Neurotherapeutics, Department of Psychiatry, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eva-Maria Ratai
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Darin D Dougherty
- Division of Neurotherapeutics, Department of Psychiatry, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marco L Loggia
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Go S, Yang JW, Lee WJ, Jeong EJ, Park S, Lee G. Lipocalin-2 as a prognostic biomarker and its association with systemic inflammation in small cell lung cancer. Thorac Cancer 2024; 15:1646-1655. [PMID: 38886905 PMCID: PMC11260553 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.15389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic inflammation is believed to contribute to small cell lung cancer (SCLC) progression, but the underlying relationship remains unclear. Lipocalin-2, a potential biomarker of inflammation, has been implicated in various cancers but its prognostic value in SCLC is underexplored. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 191 patients with SCLC (72 with limited-stage [LD] and 119 with extensive-stage) treated using platinum-based chemotherapy. Lipocalin-2 expression was evaluated using immunohistochemistry. Optimal cutoff values for lipocalin-2 and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were determined using time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The pectoralis muscle index was used to assess sarcopenia. RESULTS In LD-SCLC, high lipocalin-2 expression was associated with worse progression-free survival (PFS; median: 7.0 vs. 15.9 months, p = 0.015) and overall survival (OS; median: 12.9 vs. 30.3 months, p = 0.035) compared with low lipocalin-2 expression. Patients were stratified into three prognostic groups by combining lipocalin-2 with NLR: low lipocalin-2/low NLR, high lipocalin-2/low NLR or low lipocalin-2/high NLR, and high lipocalin-2/high NLR (median PFS: 17.3 vs. 11.0 vs. 6.3 months, p = 0.004; median OS: 30.5 vs. 17.3 vs. 8.6 months, p = 0.002). Similar trends were observed when combining lipocalin-2 with the pectoralis muscle index. High lipocalin-2 expression was also associated with lower complete response rates (18.9% vs. 34.3%, p = 0.035). No significant prognostic implications were found for lipocalin-2 in extensive-stage SCLC. CONCLUSIONS High lipocalin-2 expression is potentially associated with poorer survival in LD-SCLC. Combining lipocalin-2 with other inflammation-related markers could improve prognostic stratification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Se‐Il Go
- Department of Internal MedicineGyeongsang National University Changwon HospitalChangwonKorea
- Department of Internal MedicineGyeongsang National University College of MedicineJinjuKorea
- Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National UniversityJinjuKorea
| | - Jung Wook Yang
- Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National UniversityJinjuKorea
- Department of PathologyGyeongsang National University HospitalJinjuKorea
- Department of PathologyGyeongsang National University College of MedicineJinjuKorea
| | - Woo Je Lee
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal MedicineGyeongsang National University HospitalJinjuKorea
| | - Eun Jeong Jeong
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal MedicineGyeongsang National University HospitalJinjuKorea
| | - Sungwoo Park
- Department of Internal MedicineGyeongsang National University College of MedicineJinjuKorea
- Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National UniversityJinjuKorea
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal MedicineGyeongsang National University HospitalJinjuKorea
| | - Gyeong‐Won Lee
- Department of Internal MedicineGyeongsang National University College of MedicineJinjuKorea
- Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National UniversityJinjuKorea
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal MedicineGyeongsang National University HospitalJinjuKorea
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Boyle J, Yau J, Slade JL, Butts DA, Zhang Y, Legesse TB, Cellini A, Clark K, Park JY, Wimbush J, Ambulos N, Yin J, Hussain A, Onukwugha E, Knott CL, Wheeler DC, Barry KH. Neighborhood Disadvantage and Prostate Tumor RNA Expression of Stress-Related Genes. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e2421903. [PMID: 38995644 PMCID: PMC11245728 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.21903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance African American men experience greater prostate cancer incidence and mortality than White men. Growing literature supports associations of neighborhood disadvantage, which disproportionately affects African American men, with aggressive prostate cancer; chronic stress and downstream biological impacts (eg, increased inflammation) may contribute to these associations. Objective To examine whether several neighborhood disadvantage metrics are associated with prostate tumor RNA expression of stress-related genes. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study leveraged prostate tumor transcriptomic data for African American and White men with prostate cancer who received radical prostatectomy at the University of Maryland Medical Center between August 1992 and January 2021. Data were analyzed from May 2023 to April 2024. Exposures Using addresses at diagnosis, 2 neighborhood deprivation metrics (Area Deprivation Index [ADI] and validated bayesian Neighborhood Deprivation Index) as well as the Racial Isolation Index (RI) and historical redlining were applied to participants' addresses. Self-reported race was determined using electronic medical records. Main Outcomes and Measures A total of 105 stress-related genes were evaluated with each neighborhood metric using linear regression, adjusting for race, age, and year of surgery. Genes in the Conserved Transcriptional Response to Adversity (CTRA) and stress-related signaling genes were included. Results A total of 218 men (168 [77%] African American, 50 [23%] White) with a median (IQR) age of 58 (53-63) years were included. African American participants experienced greater neighborhood disadvantage than White participants (median [IQR] ADI, 115 [100-130] vs 92 [83-104]; median [IQR] RI, 0.68 [0.34-0.87] vs 0.11 [0.06-0.14]). ADI was positively associated with expression for 11 genes; HTR6 (serotonin pathway) remained significant after multiple-comparison adjustment (β = 0.003; SE, 0.001; P < .001; Benjamini-Hochberg q value = .01). Several genes, including HTR6, were associated with multiple metrics. We observed higher expression of 5 proinflammatory genes in the CTRA with greater neighborhood disadvantage (eg, CXCL8 and ADI, β = 0.008; SE, 0.003; P = .01; q value = .21). Conclusions and Relevance In this cross-sectional study, the expression of several stress-related genes in prostate tumors was higher among men residing in disadvantaged neighborhoods. This study is one of the first to suggest associations of neighborhood disadvantage with prostate tumor RNA expression. Additional research is needed in larger studies to replicate findings and further investigate interrelationships of neighborhood factors, tumor biology, and aggressive prostate cancer to inform interventions to reduce disparities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Boyle
- Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
- Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Jessica Yau
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biomedical Science, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore
| | - Jimmie L. Slade
- Maryland Community Health Engagement Partnership, Upper Marlboro
| | | | - Yuji Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore
- Program in Oncology, University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore
| | - Teklu B. Legesse
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore
| | - Ashley Cellini
- Pathology Biorepository Shared Service, University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore
| | - Kimberly Clark
- Pathology Biorepository Shared Service, University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore
| | - Jong Y. Park
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jessica Wimbush
- University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center Tumor Registry, Baltimore
| | - Nicholas Ambulos
- Program in Oncology, University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore
| | - Jing Yin
- Program in Oncology, University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore
| | - Arif Hussain
- Program in Oncology, University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore
- Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Eberechukwu Onukwugha
- Program in Oncology, University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore
- Department of Practice, Sciences, and Health Outcomes Research, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore
| | - Cheryl L. Knott
- Program in Oncology, University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park
| | - David C. Wheeler
- Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
- Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Kathryn Hughes Barry
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore
- Program in Oncology, University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Glennon KI, Endo M, Usui Y, Iwasaki Y, Breau RH, Kapoor A, Lathrop M, Tanguay S, Momozawa Y, Riazalhosseini Y. Germline Susceptibility to Renal Cell Carcinoma and Implications for Genetic Screening. JCO Precis Oncol 2024; 8:e2400094. [PMID: 39088769 DOI: 10.1200/po.24.00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Genetic susceptibility to nonsyndromic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains poorly understood, especially for different histological subtypes, as does variations in genetic predisposition in different populations. The objectives of this study were to identify risk genes for RCC in the Canadian population, investigate their clinical significance, and evaluate variations in germline pathogenic variants (PVs) among patients with RCC across the globe. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted targeted sequencing of 19 RCC-related and 27 cancer predisposition genes for 960 patients with RCC from Canada and identified genes enriched in rare germline PVs in RCC compared with cancer-free controls. We combined our results with those reported for patients from Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States to investigate PV variations in different populations. Furthermore, we evaluated the performance of referral criteria for genetic screening for including patients with rare PVs. RESULTS We identified 39 germline PVs in 56 patients (5.8%) from the Canadian cohort. Compared with cancer-free controls, PVs in CHEK2 (odds ratio [OR], 4.8 [95% CI, 2.7 to 7.9], P = 3.94 × 10-5) and ATM (OR, 4.5 [95% CI, 2.0 to 8.7], P = .016) were significantly enriched in patients with clear cell, whereas PVs in FH (OR, 215.1 [95% CI, 64.4 to 597.8], P = 6.14 × 10-9) were enriched in patients with non-clear cell RCCs. PVs in BRCA1, BRCA2, and ATM were associated with metastasis (P = .003). Comparative analyses showed an enrichment of TP53 PVs in patients from Japan, of CHEK2 and ATM in patients from Canada, the United States and the United Kingdom, and of FH and BAP1 in the United States. CONCLUSION CHEK2, ATM, and FH are risk genes for RCC in the Canadian population, whereas PVs in BRCA1/2 and ATM are associated with risk of metastasis. Globally, clinical guidelines for genetic screening in RCC fail to include more than 70% of patients with rare germline PVs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kate I Glennon
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Institute of Genomic Medicine at McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Mikiko Endo
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Usui
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yusuke Iwasaki
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Anil Kapoor
- Juravinski Cancer Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Deceased
| | - Mark Lathrop
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Institute of Genomic Medicine at McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Simon Tanguay
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Yukihide Momozawa
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yasser Riazalhosseini
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Institute of Genomic Medicine at McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Heath EI, Thakur A, Chen W, Hwang C, Paller CJ, Cackowski FC, Boerner JL, Heilbrun L, Smith MP, Schalk DL, Schienschang A, Whitaker SA, Polend A, Smith D, Vaishampayan UN, Dickow B, Lum LG. Race-Related Differences in Sipuleucel-T Response among Men with Metastatic Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:1715-1725. [PMID: 38856749 PMCID: PMC11240276 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-24-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Sipuleucel-T is an autologous cellular immunotherapy that targets prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) and is available for treatment of men with asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). In this single-arm, two-cohort, multicenter clinical study, potential racial differences in immune responses to sipuleucel-T in men with mCRPC were explored. Patients' blood samples were obtained to assess serum cytokines, humoral responses, and cellular immunity markers before and after treatment. Baseline cumulative product parameters (total nucleated and CD54+ cell counts and CD54 upregulation) were evaluated. IgM titers against the immunogen PA2024, the target antigen PAP, prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) were quantified by ELISA. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activity was determined by ELISpots, and cytokine and chemokine concentrations were determined by Luminex.Twenty-nine African American (AA) men and 28 non-African American (non-AA) men with mCRPC received sipuleucel-T. Baseline total nucleated cell count, CD54+ cell count, CD54 expression, and cumulative product parameters were higher in non-AA men. Although PSA baseline levels were higher in AA men, there were no racial differences in IgM antibody and IFNγ ELISpots responses against PA2024, PAP, PSA, and PSMA before and after treatment. Expression of co-stimulatory receptor ICOS on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and the levels of Th1 cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and chemokines CCL4 and CCL5, were significantly higher in AA men before and/or after treatment. Despite no difference in the overall survival, PSA changes from baseline were significantly different between the two races. The data suggest that immune correlates in blood differ in AA and non-AA men with mCRPC pre- and post-sipuleucel-T. SIGNIFICANCE Our novel findings of higher expression of co-stimulatory receptor ICOS on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in African American patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) prior and post-sipuleucel-T suggest activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. The data indicate that racial differences observed in these and other immune correlates before and after sipuleucel-T warrant additional investigation to further our understanding of the immune system in African American men and other men with mCRPC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth I Heath
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Archana Thakur
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | | | - Channing J Paller
- Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Frank C Cackowski
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Julie L Boerner
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Lance Heilbrun
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Melanie P Smith
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Dana L Schalk
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Amy Schienschang
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Sarah A Whitaker
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Amanda Polend
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Daryn Smith
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Ulka N Vaishampayan
- Department of Medicine, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Brenda Dickow
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Lawrence G Lum
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, Virginia
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Iheanacho CO, Odili VU, Enakirerhi GE, Isiwele EM, Essiet A. Pattern, Clinical Characteristics, and Impact of Family History on Prostate-Specific Antigen in Prostate Cancer: A Multicenter Study. Am J Mens Health 2024; 18:15579883241264949. [PMID: 39054776 PMCID: PMC11282506 DOI: 10.1177/15579883241264949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a major cause of illness and death in men of Sub-Sahara African origin. The study assessed the pattern of PCa, the effect of family history on PSA at diagnosis, and clinical characteristics of PCa in Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey of 200 participants was performed within a 12-month period in Nigeria. Data were collected through patients' interview and hospital records and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed. P values <.05 were significant. Mean age of 68.5 years was observed among the 200 study participants. Only 64 (32.0%) had a positive immediate family history of PCa, and 61 (30.5%) were not aware of their family cancer history. Most patients 140 (70.0%) had lower urinary tract symptom (LUTS)/lower back pain/leg pain, and the average Gleason score was 7.55 (±0.876). Symptoms of LUTS/lower back pain mostly occurred in patients between 58 and 79 years, while LUTS/leg pain was more common in persons between 60 and 84. Average PSA differed among participants; persons with no family cancer history (M = 143.989; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 114.849-173.129), family history of PCa (M = 165.463; 95% CI = 131.435), family history of cervical cancer (M = 133.456; 95% CI = 49.335-217.576), and persons with no knowledge of their family cancer history (M = 121.546; 95% CI = 89.234-153.857). Univariate one-way (F-Tests) showed that family history of cancer had no significant impact on patients' PSA (R2 = 0.017; adjusted R2 = 0.002; df = 3; F = 1.154; p = .329) at diagnosis. PCa mostly occurred in men within 60 to 70 years of age, and family history of cancer did not predict PSA at diagnosis. Patients presented to health facilities at advanced or metastatic stages. These findings highlight the need for policies and strategies that encourage early PCa screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chinonyerem O. Iheanacho
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Public Health, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Valentine U. Odili
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - Glen E. Enakirerhi
- Department of Urology, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Edoise M. Isiwele
- Department of Urology, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Akanimo Essiet
- Department of Urology, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria
- Urology Department, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Garaz R, Mirvald C, Amend B, Surcel C, Tsaur I. Management of acquired prostatic fistulas in adults. Int Urol Nephrol 2024:10.1007/s11255-024-04092-8. [PMID: 38937414 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-024-04092-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Acquired prostatic fistula (PF) was defined as a connection between the prostatic urethra and the rectum, symphysis, peritoneum, or ending freely in the periprostatic area. This study aims to report our experience with PF presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. METHODS From January 2014 to February 2024, we retrospectively analyzed a prospectively maintained database from two urologic university hospitals to identify men with acquired PF. Diagnosis was based on post-intervention symptoms, including pneumaturia, fecaluria, rectal urine leakage, periprostatic inflammation or abscess, completed by radiological assessment using retrograde urethrogram, CT, or MRI. Standard cystoscopy and/or rectosigmoidoscopy assessed bladder and rectal integrity. Patients with post-prostatectomy fistulas were excluded. RESULTS Thirteen patients with a mean age of 66.54 ± 7.40 years were identified. The most commonly presenting symptoms were fecaluria/pneumaturia 54%, rectal urine leakage 31%, and recurrent urinary tract infection 31%. The mean time from the initial treatment to fistula development was 22.28 ± 20.53 months (0.1-59 months), and from diagnosis to repair was 3.5 ± 3 months (1-12 months). Cumulative closure rates (success rate) post-first and second attempts were 77% (10 patients) and 92% (12 patients), respectively; one patient declined definitive surgery, maintaining a persistent fistula after bladder drainage. CONCLUSION Clinical suspicion and detailed diagnosis are essential for formulating a tailored treatment plan for prostatic fistulas, which are successfully manageable in many patients. Complex cases benefit from a multidisciplinary approach, with individualized therapy based on etiology, severity, and recurrence of PF, facilitating effective closure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Radion Garaz
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Cristian Mirvald
- Department of Urology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Carol Davila' Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bastian Amend
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cristian Surcel
- Department of Urology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Carol Davila' Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Igor Tsaur
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Acevedo S, Segovia MF, de la Fuente-Ortega E. Emerging Perspectives in Zinc Transporter Research in Prostate Cancer: An Updated Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:2026. [PMID: 38999774 PMCID: PMC11243615 DOI: 10.3390/nu16132026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of zinc and zinc transporters families has been associated with the genesis and progression of prostate cancer. The prostate epithelium utilizes two types of zinc transporters, the ZIP (Zrt-, Irt-related Protein) and the ZnTs (Zinc Transporter), to transport zinc from the blood plasma to the gland lumen. ZIP transporters uptake zinc from extracellular space and organelle lumen, while ZnT transporters release zinc outside the cells or to organelle lumen. In prostate cancer, a commonly observed low zinc concentration in prostate tissue has been correlated with downregulations of certain ZIPs (e.g., ZIP1, ZIP2, ZIP3, ZIP14) and upregulations of specific ZnTs (e.g., ZnT1, ZnT9, ZnT10). These alterations may enable cancer cells to adapt to toxic high zinc levels. While zinc supplementation has been suggested as a potential therapy for this type of cancer, studies have yielded inconsistent results because some trials have indicated that zinc supplementation could exacerbate cancer risk. The reason for this discrepancy remains unclear, but given the high molecular and genetic variability present in prostate tumors, it is plausible that some zinc transporters-comprising 14 ZIP and 10 ZnT members-could be dysregulated in others patterns that promote cancer. From this perspective, this review highlights novel dysregulation, such as ZIP-Up/ZnT-Down, observed in prostate cancer cell lines for ZIP4, ZIP8, ZnT2, ZnT4, ZnT5, etc. Additionally, an in silico analysis of an available microarray from mouse models of prostate cancer (Nkx3.1;Pten) predicts similar dysregulation pattern for ZIP4, ZIP8, and ZnT2, which appear in early stages of prostate cancer progression. Furthermore, similar dysregulation patterns are supported by an in silico analysis of RNA-seq data from human cancer tumors available in cBioPortal. We discuss how these dysregulations of zinc transporters could impact zinc supplementation trials, particularly focusing on how the ZIP-Up/ZnT-Down dysregulation through various mechanisms might promote prostate cancer progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Acevedo
- Laboratorio Estrés Celular y Enfermedades Crónicas No Transmisibles, Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
| | - María Fernanda Segovia
- Laboratorio Estrés Celular y Enfermedades Crónicas No Transmisibles, Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
| | - Erwin de la Fuente-Ortega
- Laboratorio Estrés Celular y Enfermedades Crónicas No Transmisibles, Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Algas y Otros Recursos Biológicos (CIDTA), Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
- Núcleo de Investigación en Prevención y Tratamiento de Enfermedades Crónicas no Transmisibles (NiPTEC), Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Nazir SU, Mishra J, Maurya SK, Ziamiavaghi N, Bodas S, Teply BA, Dutta S, Datta K. Deciphering the genetic and epigenetic architecture of prostate cancer. Adv Cancer Res 2024; 161:191-221. [PMID: 39032950 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer, one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in men, leads to significant mortality worldwide. Its study is important due to the complexity and diversity in its progression, highlighting the urgent need for improved therapeutic strategies. This chapter probes into the genetic and epigenetic factors influencing prostate cancer progression, underscoring the importance of understanding the disease's molecular fundamentals for the development of targeted therapies. It specifically reviews the role of key genetic mutations in genes such as Androgen Receptor, TP53, SPOP, FOXA1 and PTEN which are crucial for the disease onset and a progression. Furthermore, it examines the impact of epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation and histone modification, which contribute to the cancer's progression by affecting gene expression and cellular behavior. Further, in this chapter we delve into the underlying signaling mechanism, the advancements in targeting genetic and epigenetic alterations in prostate cancer. These findings have revealed promising targets for therapeutic advancements, aiming to understand and identify promising avenues for future therapies. This chapter improves our current understanding of prostate cancer genetic and epigenetic landscape, emphasizing the necessity of advancing our knowledge to refine and expand treatment options for prostate cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheeraz Un Nazir
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Massy Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Juhi Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Massy Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Shailendra Kumar Maurya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Massy Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Negin Ziamiavaghi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Massy Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Sanika Bodas
- Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Benjamin A Teply
- Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology & Hematology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Samikshan Dutta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Massy Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Kaustubh Datta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Massy Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kato T, Matsumoto R, Yokomizo A, Tohi Y, Fukuhara H, Fujii Y, Mori K, Sato T, Inokuchi J, Hashine K, Sakamoto S, Kinoshita H, Inoue K, Tanikawa T, Utsumi T, Goto T, Hara I, Okuno H, Kakehi Y, Sugimoto M. Outcomes of active surveillance for Japanese patients with prostate cancer (PRIAS-JAPAN). BJU Int 2024. [PMID: 38886979 DOI: 10.1111/bju.16436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report the outcomes of repeat biopsies, metastasis and survival in the Prostate Cancer Research International: Active Surveillance (PRIAS)-JAPAN study, a prospective observational study for Japanese patients, initiated in 2010. PATIENTS AND METHODS At the beginning, inclusion criteria were initially low-risk patients, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) density (PSAD) <0.2, and ≤2 positive biopsy cores. As from 2014, GS3+4 has also been allowed for patients aged 70 years and over. Since January 2021, the age limit for Gleason score (GS) 3 + 4 cases was removed, and eligibility criteria were expanded to PSA ≤20 ng/mL, PSAD <0.25 nd/mL/cc, unlimited number of positive GS 3 + 3 cores, and positive results for fewer than half of the total number of cores for GS 3 + 4 cases if magnetic resonance imaging fusion biopsy was performed at study enrolment or subsequent follow-up. For patients eligible for active surveillance, PSA tests were performed every 3 months, rectal examination every 6 months, and biopsies at 1, 4, 7 and 10 years, followed by every 5 years thereafter. Patients with confirmed pathological reclassification were recommended for secondary treatments. RESULTS As of February 2024, 1302 patients were enrolled in AS; 1274 (98%) met the eligibility criteria. The median (interquartile range) age, PSA level, PSAD, and number of positive cores were 69 (64-73) years, 5.3 (4.5-6.6) ng/mL, 0.15 (0.12-0.17) ng/mL, and 1 (1-2), respectively. The clinical stage was T1c in 1089 patients (86%) and T2 in 185 (15%). The rates of acceptance by patients for the first, second, third and fourth re-biopsies were 83%, 64%, 41% and 22%, respectively. The pathological reclassification rates for the first, second, third and fourth re-biopsies were 29%, 30%, 35% and 25%, respectively. The 1-, 5- and 10-year persistence rates were 77%, 45% and 23%, respectively. Six patients developed metastasis, and one patient died from prostate cancer. CONCLUSION Pathological reclassification was observed in approximately 30% of the patients during biopsy; however, biopsy acceptance rates decreased over time. Although metastasis occurred in six patients, only one death from prostate cancer was recorded.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Kato
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kita-gun, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Ryuji Matsumoto
- Department of Renal and Genito-Urinary Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Akira Yokomizo
- Department of Urology, Harasanshin Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Tohi
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kita-gun, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Fukuhara
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyorin University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoichi Fujii
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Mori
- Department of Urology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuma Sato
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Junichi Inokuchi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Katsuyoshi Hashine
- Department of Urology, NHO Shikoku Cancer Center, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan
| | - Shinichi Sakamoto
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hidefumi Kinoshita
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koji Inoue
- Department of Urology, Kurashiki Central Hospital, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
| | - Toshiki Tanikawa
- Department of Urology, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takanobu Utsumi
- Department of Urology, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takayuki Goto
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Isao Hara
- Department of Urology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Okuno
- Department of Urology, Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Kakehi
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kita-gun, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Mikio Sugimoto
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kita-gun, Kagawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Kawai T, Onozawa M, Taguchi S, Shiota M, Sakamoto S, Yamamoto Y, Kitagawa Y, Nakagawa T, Hinotsu S, Kume H. Changes in the trends of initial treatment for newly diagnosed prostate cancer in Japan: a nationwide multi-institutional study. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2024:hyae079. [PMID: 38884136 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyae079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In previous large-scale studies conducted through 2010, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) was the most common initial treatment for prostate cancer patients in Japan. However, recent advancements in treatment technologies have significantly affected the management of prostate cancer in Japan. This study analyzed the trends in initial treatments for prostate cancer based on two nationwide surveys. METHODS Two Japan-wide multi-institutional surveys, J-CaP2010 and J-CaP2016, were conducted to enroll patients newly histologically diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2010 and 2016-18, respectively. Both surveys included age at diagnosis, initial PSA level, ISUP Grade Group, TNM classification, and initial treatment for prostate cancer. RESULTS J-CaP2010 included data from 8192 patients across 140 institutions, whereas J-CaP2016 included data from 21 841 patients across 186 institutions. In J-CaP2016, the proportion of radical prostatectomy (RP) and radiation therapy (RT) in the initial treatment increased (from 32% to 36% and 21% to 26%, respectively), whereas the proportion of ADT decreased (from 40% to 29%) compared with those in J-CaP2010. The increase in RP or RT was noticeable in patients aged 75 years and older (from 20% to 38%) and those with high-risk localized cancer (from 58% to 74%) or locally advanced cancer (from 38% to 56%). The proportion of active surveillance or watchful waiting increased in patients with low-risk localized cancer (from 21% to 41%). The proportion of robot-assisted RP within all RPs and the proportion of intensity-modulated RT within all RTs increased remarkably (from 2.3% to 78% and 20% to 50%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS In Japan, RP and RT have increased as initial treatments for prostate cancer, whereas ADT has decreased. Consequently, RP has emerged as the most commonly selected initial treatment, replacing ADT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taketo Kawai
- Department of Urology, International University of Health and Welfare Ichikawa Hospital, Ichikawa, Japan
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mizuki Onozawa
- Department of Urology, International University of Health and Welfare Ichikawa Hospital, Ichikawa, Japan
| | - Satoru Taguchi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Shiota
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shinichi Sakamoto
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Yamamoto
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | | | - Tohru Nakagawa
- Department of Urology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiro Hinotsu
- Department of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Haruki Kume
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Smack C, Johnson B, Nyalwidhe JO, Semmes OJ, Yang L. Small extracellular vesicles: Roles and clinical application in prostate cancer. Adv Cancer Res 2024; 161:119-190. [PMID: 39032949 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2024.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a significant health problem in the United States. It is remarkably heterogenous, ranging from slow growing disease amenable to active surveillance to highly aggressive forms requiring active treatments. Therefore, being able to precisely determine the nature of disease and appropriately match patients to available and/or novel therapeutics is crucial to improve patients' overall outcome and quality of life. Recently small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), a subset of nanoscale membranous vesicles secreted by various cells, have emerged as important analytes for liquid biopsy and promising vehicles for drug delivery. sEVs contain various biomolecules such as genetic material, proteins, and lipids that recapitulate the characteristics and state of their donor cells. The application of existing and newly developed technologies has resulted in an increased depth of knowledge about biophysical structures, biogenesis, and functions of sEVs. In prostate cancer patients, tumor-derived sEVs can be isolated from biofluids, commonly urine and blood. They mediate intercellular signaling within the tumor microenvironment and distal organ-specific sites, supporting cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis. A mounting body of evidence suggests that sEV components can be potent biomarkers for prostate cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of disease progression and treatment response. Due to enhanced circulation stability and bio-barrier permeability, sEVs can be also used as effective drug delivery carriers to improve the efficacy and specificity of anti-tumor therapies. This review discusses recent studies on sEVs in prostate cancer and is focused on their role as biomarkers and drug delivery vehicles in the clinical management of prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caleb Smack
- Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, United States; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - Benjamin Johnson
- Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, United States; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - Julius O Nyalwidhe
- Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, United States; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - O John Semmes
- Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, United States; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - Lifang Yang
- Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, United States; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Robinson HS, Lee SS, Barocas DA, Tosoian JJ. Evaluation of blood and urine based biomarkers for detection of clinically-significant prostate cancer. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2024:10.1038/s41391-024-00840-0. [PMID: 38858447 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-024-00840-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recognizing the limitations of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening and the morbidity of prostate biopsies, several blood- and urine-based biomarkers have been proposed for pre-biopsy risk stratification. These assays aim to reduce the frequency of unnecessary biopsies (i.e., negative or Grade Group 1 [GG1]) while maintaining highly sensitive detection of clinically significant cancer (GG ≥ 2) prostate cancer. METHODS We reviewed the literature describing the use of currently available blood- and urine-based biomarkers for detection of GG ≥ 2 cancer, including the Prostate Health Index (PHI), 4Kscore, MyProstateScore (MPS), SelectMDx, ExoDx Prostate Intelliscore (EPI), and IsoPSA. To facilitate clinical application, we focused on the use of biomarkers as a post-PSA secondary test prior to biopsy, as proposed in clinical guidelines. Our outcomes included test performance measures-sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), and positive predictive value (PPV)-as well as clinical outcomes resulting from biomarker use (i.e., unnecessary biopsies avoided, GG ≥ 2 cancers missed). RESULTS Contemporary validation data (2015-2023) reveal that currently available biomarkers provide ~15-50% specificity at a sensitivity of 90-95% for GG ≥ 2 PCa. Clinically, this indicates that secondary use of biomarker testing in men with elevated PSA could allow for avoidance of up to 15-50% of unnecessary prostate biopsies, while preserving detection of 90-95% of GG ≥ 2 cancers that would be detected under the traditional "biopsy all" approach. CONCLUSIONS The contemporary literature further supports the proposed role of post-PSA biomarker testing to reduce the use of invasive biopsy while maintaining highly sensitive detection of GG ≥ 2 cancer. Questions remain regarding the optimal application of biomarkers in combination or in sequence with mpMRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hunter S Robinson
- Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sangmyung S Lee
- Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Daniel A Barocas
- Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Tosoian
- Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Wang CJ, Chen CX, Liu Y, Wen Z, Li HY, Huang HT, Yang XS. Comparative analysis of perioperative outcomes in obese patients undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) versus open radical prostatectomy (ORP): a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Robot Surg 2024; 18:248. [PMID: 38856862 DOI: 10.1007/s11701-024-02010-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis of the perioperative outcomes associated with robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RARP) versus open radical prostatectomy (ORP) in the obese population diagnosed with prostate cancer. We performed a comprehensive search in key databases such as PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, encompassing studies of all languages, with a final search date of April 2024. We also omitted articles that consisted of conference abstracts and content that was not pertinent to our study. The aggregated outcomes were evaluated utilizing the metrics of weighted mean differences (WMDs) and odds ratios (ORs). A sensitivity analysis was also integrated into our assessment. The meta-analysis was facilitated by employing Stata/MP version 18 software. Additionally, the study was duly registered with PROSPERO under the identifier: CRD 42024540216. This meta-analysis, which included five trials, shows that compared to ORP, RARP is associated with a reduced estimated blood loss (EBL) (WMD -445.77, 95%CI -866.08, -25.45; p = 0.038), a decreased transfusion rate (OR 0.17, 95%CI 0.13, 0.21; p < 0.001), and a diminished overall complication rate (OR 0.71, 95%CI 0.58, 0.86; p = 0.001). No statistically significant differences were found in operative time (OT) (WMD 1.88, 95%CI -46.53, 50.28; p = 0.939) or length of stay (LOS) (WMD -0.41, 95%CI -1.07, 0.25; p = 0.221). Among patients with obesity and prostate cancer, RARP demonstrates advantages over ORP by reducing estimated blood loss, transfusion requirements, and the incidence of complications. Notably, there were no significant differences in operative duration and hospital stay between the two surgical approaches. These findings suggest that RARP could be a preferable surgical option for obese individuals with prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Jian Wang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Cai-Xia Chen
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Zhi Wen
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Hong-Yuan Li
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Hao-Tian Huang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xue-Song Yang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.
- Health Management Center, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Mishra J, Chakraborty S, Nandi P, Manna S, Baral T, Niharika, Roy A, Mishra P, Patra SK. Epigenetic regulation of androgen dependent and independent prostate cancer. Adv Cancer Res 2024; 161:223-320. [PMID: 39032951 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2024.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies among men worldwide. Besides genetic alterations, epigenetic modulations including DNA methylation, histone modifications and miRNA mediated alteration of gene expression are the key driving forces for the prostate tumor development and cancer progression. Aberrant expression and/or the activity of the epigenetic modifiers/enzymes, results in aberrant expression of genes involved in DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, cell adhesion, apoptosis, autophagy, tumor suppression and hormone response and thereby disease progression. Altered epigenome is associated with prostate cancer recurrence, progression, aggressiveness and transition from androgen-dependent to androgen-independent phenotype. These epigenetic modifications are reversible and various compounds/drugs targeting the epigenetic enzymes have been developed that are effective in cancer treatment. This chapter focuses on the epigenetic alterations in prostate cancer initiation and progression, listing different epigenetic biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of the disease and their potential as therapeutic targets. This chapter also summarizes different epigenetic drugs approved for prostate cancer therapy and the drugs available for clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jagdish Mishra
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Subhajit Chakraborty
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Piyasa Nandi
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Soumen Manna
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Tirthankar Baral
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Niharika
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Ankan Roy
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Prahallad Mishra
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Samir Kumar Patra
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Albers P, Bashir S, Mookerji N, Broomfield S, Martín AM, Ghosh S, Kinnaird A. Prostate Cancer Among Black Men in Canada. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e2418475. [PMID: 38916889 PMCID: PMC11200144 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.18475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Prostate cancer is a prevalent disease among men worldwide, exhibiting substantial heterogeneity in presentation and outcomes influenced by various factors, including race and ethnicity. Disparities in incidence, stage at diagnosis, and survival rates have been observed between Black men and those of other races and ethnicities. Objective To compare prostate cancer outcomes between Black men and men with other race (Asian, Hispanic, Indigenous, Middle Eastern, White, Multiracial, and Other) in a universal health care system, with race and ethnicity self-reported. Design, Setting, and Participants This was a prospective, observational cohort study of men diagnosed with prostate cancer between June 1, 2014, and August 28, 2023, who self-identified race and ethnicity. Participants included men who had been prospectively enrolled in the Alberta Prostate Cancer Research Initiative from the 2 major urology referral centers in Alberta (University of Alberta and University of Calgary). All men with prostate cancer enrolled in the initiative were included. Exposure Race and ethnicity. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was the stage and grade of prostate cancer at diagnosis. Further outcomes included age and prostate-specific antigen level at diagnosis, initial treatment modality, time from diagnosis to initial treatment, and prostate cancer-specific, metastasis-free, and overall survivals. Results A total of 6534 men were included; 177 (2.7%) were Black, and 6357 (97.3%) had another race or ethnicity. Men who identified as Black were diagnosed with prostate cancer at an earlier age (mean [SD], 62.0 [8.2] compared with 64.6 [7.7] years; P < .001) and had a lower Charlson Comorbidity Index rating (14% compared with 7% ≤ 1; P < .001) compared with men of other races. Men who identified as Black had similar prostate-specific antigen levels at diagnosis, TNM category (74% vs 74% with T1-T2; P = .83) and Gleason Grade Group (34% compared with 35% Gleason Grade Group 1; P = .63). Black men had similar rates of prostate cancer-specific (hazard ratio [HR], 1.10; 95% CI, 0.41-2.97; P = .85), metastasis-free (HR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.42-1.46; P = .44), and overall (HR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.25-1.24; P = .15) survival. Conclusions and Relevance The findings of this cohort study suggest that Black men, despite being diagnosed at a younger age, experience comparable prostate cancer outcomes compared with men of other races.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Albers
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Safaa Bashir
- Black Medical Students Association, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nikhile Mookerji
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Stacey Broomfield
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Sunita Ghosh
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Adam Kinnaird
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Prostate Cancer Research Initiative, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Centre for Urologic Research and Excellence, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|