551
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The reduced myofilament responsiveness to calcium contributes to the negative force-frequency relationship in rat cardiomyocytes: role of reactive oxygen species and p-38 map kinase. Pflugers Arch 2017; 469:1663-1673. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-017-2058-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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552
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Noordali H, Loudon BL, Frenneaux MP, Madhani M. Cardiac metabolism - A promising therapeutic target for heart failure. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 182:95-114. [PMID: 28821397 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Both heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Although many established pharmacological interventions exist for HFrEF, hospitalization and death rates remain high, and for those with HFpEF (approximately half of all heart failure patients), there are no effective therapies. Recently, the role of impaired cardiac energetic status in heart failure has gained increasing recognition with the identification of reduced capacity for both fatty acid and carbohydrate oxidation, impaired function of the electron transport chain, reduced capacity to transfer ATP to the cytosol, and inefficient utilization of the energy produced. These nodes in the genesis of cardiac energetic impairment provide potential therapeutic targets, and there is promising data from recent experimental and early-phase clinical studies evaluating modulators such as carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 inhibitors, partial fatty acid oxidation inhibitors and mitochondrial-targeted antioxidants. Metabolic modulation may provide significant symptomatic and prognostic benefit for patients suffering from heart failure above and beyond guideline-directed therapy, but further clinical trials are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Noordali
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Brodie L Loudon
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | | | - Melanie Madhani
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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553
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Dos Santos Lacerda D, Türck P, Gazzi de Lima-Seolin B, Colombo R, Duarte Ortiz V, Poletto Bonetto JH, Campos-Carraro C, Bianchi SE, Belló-Klein A, Linck Bassani V, Sander da Rosa Araujo A. Pterostilbene reduces oxidative stress, prevents hypertrophy and preserves systolic function of right ventricle in cor pulmonale model. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:3302-3314. [PMID: 28703274 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In cor pulmonale, the increased afterload imposed on the right ventricle (RV) generates a maladaptive response, impairing the contractile cardiac function. Oxidative mechanisms play an important role in the pathophysiology and progression of this disease. The administration of pterostilbene (PTS), a phytophenol with antioxidant potential, may represent a therapeutic option. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of PTS complexed with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) on hypertrophy, contractile function and oxidative parameters in the RV of rats with pulmonary hypertension, induced by the administration of monocrotaline (MCT). EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The rats received daily doses of the PTS : HPβCD complex at 25, 50 or 100 mg·kg-1 , p.o., for 14 days. The diastolic function, E/A ratio, and systolic function, shortening fraction, fractional area change (FAC) and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) of the RV were determined by echocardiography. KEY RESULTS The PTS : HPβCD complex reduced the production of NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide anions and oxidative stress in the RV of MCT-treated rats in a dose-dependent manner. At higher doses it prevented the reduction in FAC and TAPSE in MCT-treated animals. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The PTS : HPβCD complex prevented the maladaptative remodelling and protected systolic function in the RV of rats with pulmonary hypertension. These cardioprotective mechanisms may be related, in part, to the antioxidant potential of PTS, favoured by the increased p.o. bioavailability promoted by the presence of HPβCD in the complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Dos Santos Lacerda
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Patrick Türck
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Bruna Gazzi de Lima-Seolin
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rafael Colombo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Duarte Ortiz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Hellen Poletto Bonetto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cristina Campos-Carraro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Sara Elis Bianchi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Adriane Belló-Klein
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Valquiria Linck Bassani
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alex Sander da Rosa Araujo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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554
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Cardiovascular susceptibility to in vivo ischemic myocardial injury in male and female rat offspring exposed to prenatal hypoxia. Clin Sci (Lond) 2017; 131:2303-2317. [DOI: 10.1042/cs20171122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) following prenatal hypoxia exposure leads to a higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) in later life. Our aim was to evaluate cardiac susceptibility and its pathophysiological mechanisms following acute myocardial infarction (MI) in adult rat offspring exposed to prenatal hypoxia. Male and female rat offspring, which experienced normoxia (21% O2) or hypoxia (11% O2) in utero underwent sham or MI surgery at 12 weeks of age. Echocardiographic data revealed that both sexes had systolic dysfunction following MI surgery, independent of prenatal hypoxia. Male offspring exposed to prenatal hypoxia, however, had left ventricular dilatation, global dysfunction, and signs of diastolic dysfunction following MI surgery as evident by increased left ventricular internal diameter (LVID) during diastole (MI effect, P<0.01), Tei index (MI effect, P<0.001), and E/E′ ratio (prenatal hypoxia or MI effect, P<0.01). In contrast, diastolic dysfunction in female offspring was not as evident. Cardiac superoxide levels increased only in prenatal hypoxia exposed male offspring. Cardiac sarcoendoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase2a (SERCA2a) levels, a marker of cardiac injury and dysfunction, decreased in both male and female MI groups independent of prenatal hypoxia. Prenatal hypoxia increased cardiac ryanodine receptor 2 (RYR2) protein levels, while MI reduced RYR2 in only male offspring. In conclusion, male offspring exposed to prenatal hypoxia had an increased susceptibility to ischemic myocardial injury involving cardiac phenotypes similar to heart failure involving diastolic dysfunction in adult life compared with both offspring from healthy pregnancies and their female counterparts.
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555
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Ribeiro-Samora GA, Rabelo LA, Ferreira ACC, Favero M, Guedes GS, Pereira LSM, Parreira VF, Britto RR. Inflammation and oxidative stress in heart failure: effects of exercise intensity and duration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 50:e6393. [PMID: 28793058 PMCID: PMC5572846 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20176393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Although acute exercise is apparently pro-inflammatory and increases oxidative stress, it can promote the necessary stress stimulus to train chronic adaptations in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). This study aimed to compare the effects of exercise intensity and duration on the inflammatory markers soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor (sTNFR1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and on oxidative stress [malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant enzymes: catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)] in individuals with CHF. Eighteen patients performed three exercise sessions: 30 min of moderate-intensity (M30) exercise, 30 min of low-intensity (L30) exercise, and 45 min of low-intensity (L45) exercise. Blood analysis was performed before exercise (baseline), immediately after each session (after), and 1 h after the end of each session (1h after). Thirty min of M30 exercise promoted a larger stressor stimulus, both pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidative, than that promoted by exercises L30 and L45. This was evidenced by increased sTNFR1 and MDA levels after exercise M30. In response to this stressor stimulus, 1 h after exercise, there was an increase in IL-6 and CAT levels, and a return of sTNFR1 to baseline levels. These findings suggest that compared with the duration of exercise, the exercise intensity was an important factor of physiologic adjustments.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Ribeiro-Samora
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - L A Rabelo
- Laboratório de Reatividade Cardiovascular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brasil
| | - A C C Ferreira
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - M Favero
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - G S Guedes
- Laboratório de Reatividade Cardiovascular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brasil.,Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brasil
| | - L S M Pereira
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - V F Parreira
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - R R Britto
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
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556
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Caussé E, Fournier P, Roncalli J, Salvayre R, Galinier M. Serum allantoin and aminothiols as biomarkers of chronic heart failure. Acta Cardiol 2017; 72:397-403. [PMID: 28705092 DOI: 10.1080/00015385.2017.1335104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress (OS) represents the primary mediator of chronic heart failure (CHF) development and progression. It is well established that homocysteine is able to generate reactive oxygen species. Small amounts of allantoin in human serum result from free radical action on urate and may provide a stable marker for in vivo free radical activity. To investigate whether some easily measurable indexes such as antioxidants (uric acid, glutathione) and related molecules (allantoin, homocysteine and cysteine) can serve as OS biomarkers. Methods We investigated 75 stable CHF patients. Aminothiols and purine compound levels were determined by capillary electrophoresis. Results The homocysteine level was markedly elevated in CHF patients, whatever the aetiology. Parameters of the transsulfuration pathway and the investigated purine compounds were significantly increased. Conversely, total glutathione was decreased. The allantoin/uric acid ratio was significantly higher in CHF patients with an hyperhomocysteinaemia >17 μmol/L. All parameters of the transsulfuration and purine degadation pathways were significantly correlated, suggesting an OS in CHF patients. Conclusion Our data show an imbalance of serum aminothiols and purine compounds in these CHF patients on adapted therapy. We suggest that the evaluation and control of these new markers may help improve the OS that participates in the progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Caussé
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Rangueil University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Pauline Fournier
- Department of Cardiology, Rangueil University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Jérome Roncalli
- Department of Cardiology, Rangueil University Hospital, Toulouse, France
- INSERM UMR 1048, Toulouse, France
| | - Robert Salvayre
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Rangueil University Hospital, Toulouse, France
- INSERM UMR 1048, Toulouse, France
| | - Michel Galinier
- Department of Cardiology, Rangueil University Hospital, Toulouse, France
- INSERM UMR 1048, Toulouse, France
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557
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Liang Y, Li X, Zhang Y, Yeung SC, Zhen Z, Ip MSM, Tse HF, Lian Q, Mak JCW. Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuate Cigarette Smoke-Induced Cardiac Remodeling and Dysfunction. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:501. [PMID: 28804458 PMCID: PMC5532447 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The strong relationship between cigarette smoking and cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been well-documented, but the mechanisms by which smoking increases CVD risk appear to be multifactorial and incompletely understood. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are regarded as an important candidate for cell-based therapy in CVD. We hypothesized that MSCs derived from induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC-MSCs) or bone marrow (BM-MSCs) might alleviate cigarette smoke (CS)-induced cardiac injury. This study aimed to investigate the effects of BM-MSCs or iPSC-MSCs on CS-induced changes in serum and cardiac lipid profiles, oxidative stress and inflammation as well as cardiac function in a rat model of passive smoking. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly selected for exposure to either sham air (SA) as control or 4% CS for 1 h per day for 56 days. On day 29 and 43, human adult BM-MSCs, iPSC-MSCs or PBS were administered intravenously to CS-exposed rats. Results from echocardiography, serum and cardiac lipid profiles, cardiac antioxidant capacity, cardiac pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and cardiac morphological changes were evaluated at the end of treatment. iPSC-MSC-treated group showed a greater effect in the improvement of CS-induced cardiac dysfunction over BM-MSCs-treated group as shown by increased percentage left ventricular ejection fraction and percentage fractional shortening, in line with the greater reversal of cardiac lipid abnormality. In addition, iPSC-MSCs administration attenuated CS-induced elevation of cardiac pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as restoration of anti-inflammatory cytokines and anti-oxidative markers, leading to ameliorate cardiac morphological abnormalities. These data suggest that iPSC-MSCs on one hand may restore CS-induced cardiac lipid abnormality and on the other hand may attenuate cardiac oxidative stress and inflammation via inhibition of CS-induced NF-κB activation, leading to improvement of cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. Thus, iPSC-MSCs may be a promising candidate in cell-based therapy to prevent cardiac complications in smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingmin Liang
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong KongPok Fu Lam, Hong Kong.,Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong KongPok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong KongPok Fu Lam, Hong Kong.,Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong KongPok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Yuelin Zhang
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong KongPok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Sze Chun Yeung
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong KongPok Fu Lam, Hong Kong.,Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong KongPok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Zhe Zhen
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong KongPok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Mary S M Ip
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong KongPok Fu Lam, Hong Kong.,Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong KongPok Fu Lam, Hong Kong.,Research Centre of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, The University of Hong KongPok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Hung Fat Tse
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong KongPok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Qizhou Lian
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong KongPok Fu Lam, Hong Kong.,Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong KongPok Fu Lam, Hong Kong.,Research Centre of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, The University of Hong KongPok Fu Lam, Hong Kong.,Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Hong KongPok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Judith C W Mak
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong KongPok Fu Lam, Hong Kong.,Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong KongPok Fu Lam, Hong Kong.,Research Centre of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, The University of Hong KongPok Fu Lam, Hong Kong.,Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong KongPok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
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558
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Jarkovska D, Bludovska M, Mistrova E, Krizkova V, Kotyzova D, Kubikova T, Slavikova J, Erek SN, Djordjevic A, Chottova Dvorakova M. Expression of classical mediators in hearts of rats with hepatic dysfunction. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 95:1351-1359. [PMID: 28746816 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Liver cirrhosis is associated with impairment of cardiovascular function including alterations of the heart innervation, humoral and nervous dysregulation, changes in systemic circulation and electrophysiological abnormalities. Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), enzyme forming acetylcholine, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), and dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DBH), enzymes participating in noradrenaline synthesis, are responsible for the production of classical neurotransmitters, and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is produced by cardiomyocytes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of experimentally induced hepatic dysfunction on the expression of proANP, ChAT, TH, and DBH in the heart. Hepatic dysfunction was induced by application of thioacetamide (TAA) or by ligation of bile duct. Biochemical parameters of hepatic injury and levels of peroxidation in the liver and heart were measured. Liver enzymes measured in the plasma were significantly elevated. Cardiac level of peroxidation was increased in operated but not TAA group animals. In the left atrium of operated rats, the expression of TH and DBH was lower, while expression of ChAT remained unchanged. In TAA group, no significant differences in the expression of the genes compared to controls were observed. Liver injury induced by ligation leads to an imbalance in the intracardiac innervation, which might impair nervous control of the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmar Jarkovska
- a Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic.,b Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Bludovska
- a Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic.,c Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Eliska Mistrova
- a Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic.,b Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Vera Krizkova
- d Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Lidicka 1, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Kotyzova
- c Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Kubikova
- a Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic.,d Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Lidicka 1, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Slavikova
- a Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Sumeyye Nur Erek
- b Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Aleksandar Djordjevic
- b Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Magdalena Chottova Dvorakova
- a Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic.,b Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
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559
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Selenium deficiency-induced thioredoxin suppression and thioredoxin knock down disbalanced insulin responsiveness in chicken cardiomyocytes through PI3K/Akt pathway inhibition. Cell Signal 2017; 38:192-200. [PMID: 28734787 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Thioredoxin (Txn) system is the most crucial antioxidant defense mechanism in cell consisting of Txn, thioredoxin reductase (TR) and Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NADPH). Perturbations in Txn system may compromise cell survival through oxidative stress induction. Metabolic activity of insulin plays important roles in fulfilling the stable and persistent demands of heart through glucose metabolism. However, the roles of Txn and Txn system in insulin modulated cardiac energy metabolism have been less reported. Therefore, to investigate the role of Txn in myocardial metabolism, we developed a Se-deficient chicken model (0.033mg/kg) for in-vivo and Txn knock down cardiomyocytes culture model (siRNA) for in-vitro studies. Quantitative real time PCR and western blotting was performed. Se deficiency suppressed Txn and TR in cardiac tissues. Significant increases in ROS (P<0.05) levels signify the onset of oxidative stress and in both models. Se deficiency-induced Txn suppression model and Txn knock down cardiomyocytes models significantly decreased (P<0.05), the mRNA and protein levels of insulin-like growth factors (IGF1, IGF2), IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP2, IGFBP4), insulin receptor (IR), insulin receptor substrates (IRS1, IRS2), and glucose transporters (GLUT1, GLUT3, GLUT8), however, IGFBP3 expression increased in Txn knock down cardiomyocytes. In addition, in contrast to their respective controls, Se deficiency-induced Txn depleted tissues and Txn deleted cardiomyocytes showed suppression in mRNA and protein levels of PI3K, AKT, P-PI3K, and repression in FOX, P-FOX JNK genes. Combing the in vitro and in vivo experiments, we demonstrate that Txn gene suppression can cause dysfunction of insulin-modulated cardiac energy metabolism and increase insulin resistance through PI3K-Akt pathway inhibition. Herein, we conclude that inactivation of Txn system can alter cellular insulin response through IRS/PI3K/Akt pathway repression and JNK and FOX expression. These findings point out that Txn system can redox regulate the insulin dependent glucose metabolism in heart and is essential for cell vitality. Moreover, the increased expression of IGFBP3 indicates that it can be a potential negative modulator of metabolic activity of insulin in Txn deficient cells.
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560
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Mahavadi S, Sriwai W, Manion O, Grider JR, Murthy KS. Diabetes-induced oxidative stress mediates upregulation of RhoA/Rho kinase pathway and hypercontractility of gastric smooth muscle. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178574. [PMID: 28678840 PMCID: PMC5497948 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of diabetes-associated motility disorders are multifactorial and attributed to abnormalities in extrinsic and intrinsic innervation, and a decrease in the number of interstitial cells of Cajal, and nNOS expression and activity. Here we studied the effect of hyperglycemia on smooth muscle function. Using smooth muscles from the fundus of ob/ob mice and of wild type (WT) mice treated with 30 mM glucose (HG), we identified the molecular mechanism by which hyperglycemia upregulates RhoA/Rho kinase pathway and muscle contraction. RhoA expression, Rho kinase activity and muscle contraction were increased, while miR-133a expression was decreased in smooth muscle of ob/ob mice and in smooth muscle treated with HG. Intraperitoneal injections of pre-miR-133a decreased RhoA expression in WT mice and reversed the increase in RhoA expression in ob/ob mice. Intraperitoneal injections of antagomiR-133a increased RhoA expression in WT mice and augmented the increase in RhoA expression in ob/ob mice. The effect of pre-miR-133a or antagomiR-133a in vitro in smooth muscle treated with HG was similar to that obtained in vivo, suggesting that the expression of RhoA is negatively regulated by miR-133a and a decrease in miR-133a expression in diabetes causes an increase in RhoA expression. Oxidative stress (levels of reactive oxygen species and hydrogen peroxide, and expression of superoxide dismutase 1 and NADPH oxidase 4) was increased in smooth muscle of ob/ob mice and in HG-treated smooth muscle. Treatment of ob/ob mice with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in vivo or addition of NAC in vitro to HG-treated smooth muscle reversed the effect of glucose on the expression of miR-133a and RhoA, Rho kinase activity and muscle contraction. NAC treatment also reversed the decrease in gastric emptying in ob/ob mice. We conclude that oxidative stress in diabetes causes a decrease in miR-133a expression leading to an increase in RhoA/Rho kinase pathway and muscle contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunila Mahavadi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, VCU Program in Enteric Neuromuscular Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Wimolpak Sriwai
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, VCU Program in Enteric Neuromuscular Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Olivia Manion
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, VCU Program in Enteric Neuromuscular Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - John R. Grider
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, VCU Program in Enteric Neuromuscular Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Karnam S. Murthy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, VCU Program in Enteric Neuromuscular Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
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561
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Badreddin A, Fady Y, Attia H, Hafez M, Khairallah A, Johar D, Bernstein L. What role does the stress response have in congestive heart failure? J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:2863-2870. [PMID: 28493471 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This review is concerned with cardiac malfunction as a result of an imbalance in protein proteostasis, the homeostatic balance between protein removal and regeneration in a long remodeling process involving the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the unfolded protein response (UPR). The importance of this is of special significance with regard to cardiac function as a high energy requiring muscular organ that has a high oxygen requirement and is highly dependent on mitochondria. The importance of mitochondria is not only concerned with high energy dependence on mitochondrial electron transport, but it also has a role in the signaling between the mitochondria and the ER under stress. Proteins made in the ER are folded as a result of sulfhydryl groups (-SH) and attractive and repulsive reactions in the tertiary structure. We discuss how this matters with respect to an imbalance between muscle breakdown and repair in a stressful environment, especially as a result of oxidative and nitrosative byproducts of mitochondrial activity. The normal repair is a remodeling, but under this circumstance, the cell undergoes or even lysosomal "self eating" autophagy, or even necrosis instead of apoptosis. We shall discuss the relationship of the UPR pathway to chronic congestive heart failure (CHF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Badreddin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Beni-Suef University Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Youssef Fady
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiac Surgery Center Sultan Qaboos Hospital, Salalah, Dhofar, Sultanate of Oman, Salalah, Oman
| | - Hamdy Attia
- Kasr Al'Ainy Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hafez
- Kasr Al'Ainy Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Khairallah
- Medical Research Division, Department of Pharmacology, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina Johar
- Faculty of Women for Arts, Sciences, and Education, Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ain Shams University, Heliopolis, Cairo, Egypt.,Max Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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562
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Quiles JM, Narasimhan M, Shanmugam G, Milash B, Hoidal JR, Rajasekaran NS. Differential regulation of miRNA and mRNA expression in the myocardium of Nrf2 knockout mice. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:509. [PMID: 28673258 PMCID: PMC5496330 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3875-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Justin M Quiles
- Cardiac Aging & Redox Signaling Laboratory, Division of Molecular & Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, BMR2 Room 533|901 19th Street South, Birmingham, AL, 35294-2180, USA
| | - Madhusudhanan Narasimhan
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Gobinath Shanmugam
- Cardiac Aging & Redox Signaling Laboratory, Division of Molecular & Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, BMR2 Room 533|901 19th Street South, Birmingham, AL, 35294-2180, USA
| | | | | | - Namakkal S Rajasekaran
- Cardiac Aging & Redox Signaling Laboratory, Division of Molecular & Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, BMR2 Room 533|901 19th Street South, Birmingham, AL, 35294-2180, USA.
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA.
- Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, BMR2 Room 533|901 19th Street South, Birmingham, AL, 35294-2180, USA.
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563
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Ingoglia G, Sag CM, Rex N, De Franceschi L, Vinchi F, Cimino J, Petrillo S, Wagner S, Kreitmeier K, Silengo L, Altruda F, Maier LS, Hirsch E, Ghigo A, Tolosano E. Hemopexin counteracts systolic dysfunction induced by heme-driven oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 108:452-464. [PMID: 28400318 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients affected by different disorders associated to intravascular hemolysis. The leading factor is the presence of pathologic amount of pro-oxidant free heme in the bloodstream, due to the exhaustion of the natural heme scavenger Hemopexin (Hx). Here, we evaluated whether free heme directly affects cardiac function, and tested the therapeutic potential of replenishing serum Hx for increasing serum heme buffering capacity. The effect of heme on cardiac function was assessed in vitro, on primary cardiomyocytes and H9c2 myoblast cell line, and in vivo, in Hx-/- mice and in genetic and acquired mouse models of intravascular hemolysis. Purified Hx or anti-oxidants N-Acetyl-L-cysteine and α-tocopherol were used to counteract heme cardiotoxicity. In mice, Hx loss/depletion resulted in heme accumulation and enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the heart, which ultimately led to severe systolic dysfunction. Similarly, high ROS reduced systolic Ca2+ transient amplitudes and fractional shortening in primary cardiomyocytes exposed to free heme. In keeping with these Ca2+ handling alterations, oxidation and CaMKII-dependent phosphorylation of Ryanodine Receptor 2 were higher in Hx-/- hearts than in controls. Administration of anti-oxidants prevented systolic failure both in vitro and in vivo. Intriguingly, Hx rescued contraction defects of heme-treated cardiomyocytes and preserved cardiac function in hemolytic mice. We show that heme-mediated oxidative stress perturbs cardiac Ca2+ homeostasis and promotes contractile dysfunction. Scavenging heme, Hx counteracts cardiac heme toxicity and preserves left ventricular function. Our data generate the rationale to consider the therapeutic use of Hx to limit the cardiotoxicity of free heme in hemolytic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Ingoglia
- Dept. Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Can Martin Sag
- Dept. Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Nikolai Rex
- Dept. Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lucia De Franceschi
- Dept. Medicine, Università degli Studi di Verona-Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesca Vinchi
- Heidelberg University Hospital / EMBL Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - James Cimino
- Dept. Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Sara Petrillo
- Dept. Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Stefan Wagner
- Dept. Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Kreitmeier
- Dept. Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Silengo
- Dept. Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Fiorella Altruda
- Dept. Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Lars S Maier
- Dept. Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Emilio Hirsch
- Dept. Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ghigo
- Dept. Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Emanuela Tolosano
- Dept. Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
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564
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Abstract
Cardiomyopathies represent a heterogeneous group of diseases that negatively affect heart function. Primary cardiomyopathies specifically target the myocardium, and may arise from genetic [hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia (ARVC/D), mitochondrial cardiomyopathy] or genetic and acquired [dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM)] etiology. Modern genomics has identified mutations that are common in these populations, while in vitro and in vivo experimentation with these mutations have provided invaluable insight into the molecular mechanisms native to these diseases. For example, increased myosin heavy chain (MHC) binding and ATP utilization lead to the hypercontractile sarcomere in HCM, while abnormal protein–protein interaction and impaired Ca2+ flux underlie the relaxed sarcomere of DCM. Furthermore, expanded access to genetic testing has facilitated identification of potential risk factors that appear through inheritance and manifest sometimes only in the advanced stages of the disease. In this review, we discuss the genetic and molecular abnormalities unique to and shared between these primary cardiomyopathies and discuss some of the important advances made using more traditional basic science experimentation.
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565
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Yang J, Wu S, Zhu L, Cai J, Fu L. Hydrogen-containing saline alleviates pressure overload-induced interstitial fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction in rats. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:1771-1778. [PMID: 28656216 PMCID: PMC5562058 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis induced by sustained pressure overload contributes to heart failure. Oxidative stress serves an important role in cardiac remodeling and heart failure independent of etiological factors. The application of hydrogen as an antioxidant is a novel concept in disease treatment, however no studies as present have investigated the effects of hydrogen on cardiac fibrosis. In the present study, the effects of hydrogen on pressure overload-induced cardiac fibrosis and heart failure were investigated in abdominal aortic-constricted rats. Masson's trichrome staining and echocardiography were used to evaluate the fibrotic area and cardiac function, respectively. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) content was detected by immunofluorescence. Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and hydroxyproline content were measured by spectrophotometry. Western blot analysis was used to detect the protein levels of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), NADPH oxidases (NOX)2, NOX4, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Smad2/3. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect the mRNA expression of collagen I (Col I) and fibronectin 1 (FN1). Hydrogen-containing saline (HCS) treatment was observed to improve interstitial fibrosis and cardiac function and to decrease the level of ROS, the oxidative-stress marker MDA and expression of NOXs, while increasing the activity of the anti-oxidant enzyme SOD. HCS treatment also decreased the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and Smad2/3, and the expression of TGF-β1 and CTGF, which were accompanied by reduced hydroxyproline content, Col I and FN1 mRNA levels. These results indicate that HCS treatment can improve cardiac function by reducing interstitial fibrosis in pressure-overloaded rats through its anti-oxidative properties and via suppression of TGF-β1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Shujing Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Liqun Zhu
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Cai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Lu Fu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
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566
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Role of the immune system in cardiac tissue damage and repair following myocardial infarction. Inflamm Res 2017; 66:739-751. [PMID: 28600668 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-017-1060-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The immune system plays a crucial role in the initiation, development, and resolution of inflammation following myocardial infarction (MI). The lack of oxygen and nutrients causes the death of cardiomyocytes and leads to the exposure of danger-associated molecular patterns that are recognized by the immune system to initiate inflammation. RESULTS At the initial stage of post-MI inflammation, the immune system further damages cardiac tissue to clear cell debris. The excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by immune cells and the inability of the anti-oxidant system to neutralize ROS cause oxidative stress that further aggravates inflammation. On the other hand, the cells of both innate and adaptive immune system and their secreted factors are critically instrumental in the very dynamic and complex processes of regulating inflammation and mediating cardiac repair. CONCLUSIONS It is important to decipher the balance between detrimental and beneficial effects of the immune system in MI. This enables us to identify better therapeutic targets for reducing the infarct size, sustaining the cardiac function, and minimizing the likelihood of heart failure. This review discusses the role of both innate and adaptive immune systems in cardiac tissue damage and repair in experimental models of MI.
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567
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Bronzato S, Durante A. A Contemporary Review of the Relationship between Red Meat Consumption and Cardiovascular Risk. Int J Prev Med 2017; 8:40. [PMID: 28656096 PMCID: PMC5474906 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_206_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases burden is increasing due to aging populations and represents one of the major health issues worldwide. Dietary habits have been extensively studied in the cardiovascular field despite the difficulty in the quantification of the assumption of each single food and the observation that several foods affect cardiovascular risk with opposite effects. Moreover, some older findings have been reverted by more recent studies. Red meat has been widely studied in this context, and it has been suggested to increase cardiovascular risk primarily by causing dyslipidemia. Our aim is to review the relationship between red meat assumption and cardiovascular risk and to present novel findings regarding their link.
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568
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Protective effects and functional mechanisms of Lactobacillus gasseri SBT2055 against oxidative stress. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177106. [PMID: 28493927 PMCID: PMC5426657 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus gasseri SBT2055 (LG2055) is one of the probiotic lactic acid bacteria. Recently, we demonstrated that feeding with LG2055 extended the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans and that the prolongevity effect was dependent upon the regulation of oxidative stress response. In this study, we assessed whether LG2055 regulated the oxidative stress response of mammalian cells. In NIH-3T3 cells and primary mouse embryonic fibroblast cells, low cell proliferation rates and high reactive oxygen species levels were observed following paraquat treatment. LG2055 treatment suppressed these responses in paraquat-treated cells, indicating that LG2055 protected against oxidative stress in mammalian cells. The mRNA expression of oxidative stress-related genes, total nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protein levels, and the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 were increased by LG2055 treatment. These results suggested that the Nrf2-antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathway was activated by LG2055. Furthermore, c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) was activated by LG2055 treatment and the inhibition of JNK suppressed the activation of the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway in LG2055-treated cells. Together, these findings suggest that LG2055 activated the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway by JNK activation, thus strengthening the defense system against oxidative stress in mammalian cells.
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569
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Sun L, Liu J, Sun M, Lin L, Miao L, Ge Z, Yang B. Comprehensive metabonomic analysis of heart tissue from isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction rat based on reversed-phase and hydrophilic interaction chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:2198-2206. [PMID: 28371309 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201601013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We aim to describe the metabonomic characteristics of myocardial infarction rats. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was utilized to develop a metabonomic method of the heart homogenates of myocardial infarction rats. Hydrophilic interaction chromatography allows the analysis of high polar metabolites, providing complementary information to reversed-phase liquid chromatography. We combined reversed phase and hydrophilic interaction chromatographic separations to analyze 18 samples, ten from myocardial infarction rat hearts and eight from normal rat hearts. A total of 16 potential biomarkers in rat heart tissue were screened out, primarily related to oxidative stress, nitric oxide damage, taurine, and hypotaurine metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism. This research showed that a comprehensive metabonomic study is a useful tool to reveal the underlying mechanism of myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Sun
- Xiyuan hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and Beijing key lab of TCM pharmacology, Beijing, China.,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxun Liu
- Xiyuan hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and Beijing key lab of TCM pharmacology, Beijing, China
| | - Mingqian Sun
- Xiyuan hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and Beijing key lab of TCM pharmacology, Beijing, China
| | - Li Lin
- Xiyuan hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and Beijing key lab of TCM pharmacology, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Miao
- Xiyuan hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and Beijing key lab of TCM pharmacology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengyan Ge
- Xiyuan hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and Beijing key lab of TCM pharmacology, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Xiyuan hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and Beijing key lab of TCM pharmacology, Beijing, China
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570
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Aroor AR, Habibi J, Kandikattu HK, Garro-Kacher M, Barron B, Chen D, Hayden MR, Whaley-Connell A, Bender SB, Klein T, Padilla J, Sowers JR, Chandrasekar B, DeMarco VG. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibition with linagliptin reduces western diet-induced myocardial TRAF3IP2 expression, inflammation and fibrosis in female mice. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2017; 16:61. [PMID: 28476142 PMCID: PMC5420102 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-017-0544-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diastolic dysfunction (DD), a hallmark of obesity and primary defect in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, is a predictor of future cardiovascular events. We previously reported that linagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, improved DD in Zucker Obese rats, a genetic model of obesity and hypertension. Here we investigated the cardioprotective effects of linagliptin on development of DD in western diet (WD)-fed mice, a clinically relevant model of overnutrition and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Methods Female C56Bl/6 J mice were fed an obesogenic WD high in fat and simple sugars, and supplemented or not with linagliptin for 16 weeks. Results WD induced oxidative stress, inflammation, upregulation of Angiotensin II type 1 receptor and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) expression, interstitial fibrosis, ultrastructural abnormalities and DD. Linagliptin inhibited cardiac DPP-4 activity and prevented molecular impairments and associated functional and structural abnormalities. Further, WD upregulated the expression of TRAF3IP2, a cytoplasmic adapter molecule and a regulator of multiple inflammatory mediators. Linagliptin inhibited its expression, activation of its downstream signaling intermediates NF-κB, AP-1 and p38-MAPK, and induction of multiple inflammatory mediators and growth factors that are known to contribute to development and progression of hypertrophy, fibrosis and contractile dysfunction. Linagliptin also inhibited WD-induced collagens I and III expression. Supporting these in vivo observations, linagliptin inhibited aldosterone-mediated MR-dependent oxidative stress, upregulation of TRAF3IP2, proinflammatory cytokine, and growth factor expression, and collagen induction in cultured primary cardiac fibroblasts. More importantly, linagliptin inhibited aldosterone-induced fibroblast activation and migration. Conclusions Together, these in vivo and in vitro results suggest that inhibition of DPP-4 activity by linagliptin reverses WD-induced DD, possibly by targeting TRAF3IP2 expression and its downstream inflammatory signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annayya R Aroor
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Javad Habibi
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Hemanth Kumar Kandikattu
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Mona Garro-Kacher
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Brady Barron
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Dongqing Chen
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Melvin R Hayden
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Adam Whaley-Connell
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Shawn B Bender
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO, USA
| | | | - Jaume Padilla
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Department of Child Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - James R Sowers
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Bysani Chandrasekar
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Vincent G DeMarco
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA. .,Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA. .,Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.
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571
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Bhatti JS, Bhatti GK, Reddy PH. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in metabolic disorders - A step towards mitochondria based therapeutic strategies. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:1066-1077. [PMID: 27836629 PMCID: PMC5423868 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 795] [Impact Index Per Article: 113.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell and are involved in essential functions of the cell, including ATP production, intracellular Ca2+ regulation, reactive oxygen species production & scavenging, regulation of apoptotic cell death and activation of the caspase family of proteases. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are largely involved in aging, cancer, age-related neurodegenerative and metabolic syndrome. In the last decade, tremendous progress has been made in understanding mitochondrial structure, function and their physiology in metabolic syndromes such as diabetes, obesity, stroke and hypertension, and heart disease. Further, progress has also been made in developing therapeutic strategies, including lifestyle interventions (healthy diet and regular exercise), pharmacological strategies and mitochondria-targeted approaches. These strategies were mainly focused to reduce mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress and to maintain mitochondrial quality in metabolic syndromes. The purpose of our article is to highlight the recent progress on the mitochondrial role in metabolic syndromes and also summarize the progress of mitochondria-targeted molecules as therapeutic targets to treat metabolic syndromes. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Quality in Diabetes/Obesity and Critical Illness Spectrum of Diseases - edited by P. Hemachandra Reddy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasvinder Singh Bhatti
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Sri Guru Gobind Singh College, Sector-26, Chandigarh 160019, India; Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States.
| | - Gurjit Kaur Bhatti
- UGC Centre of Excellence in Nano applications, Panjab University, UIPS building, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States; Cell Biology & Biochemistry Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States; Neuroscience & Pharmacology Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States; Neurology Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States; Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences Departments, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States; Garrison Institute on Aging, South West Campus, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 6630 S. Quaker Suite E, MS 7495, Lubbock, TX 79413, United States
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572
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Wang LP, Fan SJ, Li SM, Wang XJ, Gao JL, Yang XH. Oxidative stress promotes myocardial fibrosis by upregulating KCa3.1 channel expression in AGT-REN double transgenic hypertensive mice. Pflugers Arch 2017; 469:1061-1071. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-017-1984-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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573
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Tang K, Zhao Y, Li H, Zhu M, Li W, Liu W, Zhu G, Xu D, Peng W, Xu YW. Translocase of Inner Membrane 50 Functions as a Novel Protective Regulator of Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:JAHA.116.004346. [PMID: 28432072 PMCID: PMC5532988 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.004346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Translocase of inner membrane 50 (TIM50) is a member of the translocase of inner membrane (TIM) complex in the mitochondria. Previous research has demonstrated the role of TIM50 in the regulation of oxidative stress and cardiac morphology. However, the role of TIM50 in pathological cardiac hypertrophy remains unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS In the present study we found that the expression of TIM50 was downregulated in hypertrophic hearts. Using genetic loss-of-function animal models, we demonstrated that TIM50 deficiency increased heart and cardiomyocyte size with more severe cardiac fibrosis compared with wild-type littermates. Moreover, we generated cardiomyocyte-specific TIM50 transgenic mice in which the hypertrophic and fibrotic phenotypes were all alleviated. Next, we tested reactive oxygen species generation and the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase, and also respiratory chain complexes I, II, and IV, finding that all the activities were regulated by TIM50. Meanwhile, expression of the ASK1-JNK/P38 axis was increased in TIM50-deficient mice, and TIM50 overexpression decreased the activity of the ASK1-JNK/P38 axis. Finally, we treated mice with the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine to reduce oxidative stress. After N-acetyl cysteine treatment, the deteriorative hypertrophic and fibrotic phenotypes caused by TIM50 deficiency were all remarkably reversed. CONCLUSIONS These data indicated that TIM50 could attenuate pathological cardiac hypertrophy primarily by reducing oxidative stress. TIM50 could be a promising target for the prevention and therapy of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hailing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengyun Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiming Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guofu Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dachun Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhui Peng
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya-Wei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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574
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Guo J, Lu L, Hua Y, Huang K, Wang I, Huang L, Fu Q, Chen A, Chan P, Fan H, Liu ZM, Wang BH. Vasculopathy in the setting of cardiorenal syndrome: roles of protein-bound uremic toxins. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2017; 313:H1-H13. [PMID: 28411233 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00787.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) often leads to and accelerates the progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD), while CVD also causes kidney dysfunction. This bidirectional interaction leads to the development of a complex syndrome known as cardiorenal syndrome (CRS). CRS not only involves both the heart and the kidney but also the vascular system through a vast array of contributing factors. In addition to hemodynamic, neurohormonal, mechanical, and biochemical factors, nondialyzable protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs) are also key contributing factors that have been demonstrated through in vitro, in vivo, and clinical observations. PBUTs are ineffectively removed by hemodialysis because their complexes with albumins are larger than the pores of the dialysis membranes. PBUTs such as indoxyl sulfate and p-cresyl sulfate are key determinate and predictive factors for the progression of CVD in CKD patients. In CRS, both vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs) exhibit significant dysfunction that is associated with the progression of CVD. PBUTs influence proliferation, calcification, senescence, migration, inflammation, and oxidative stress in VSMCs and ECs through various mechanisms. These pathological changes lead to arterial remodeling, stiffness, and atherosclerosis and thus reduce heart perfusion and impair left ventricular function, aggravating CRS. There is limited literature about the effect of PBUT on the vascular system and their contribution to CRS. This review summarizes current knowledge on how PBUTs influence vasculature, clarifies the relationship between uremic toxin-related vascular disease and CRS, and highlights the potential therapeutic strategies of uremic vasculopathy in the setting of CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingbin Guo
- Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Cardiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Center of Biomedical Engineering for Cardiovascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Hua
- Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kevin Huang
- Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ian Wang
- Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia;
| | - Li Huang
- Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Center of Biomedical Engineering for Cardiovascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aihua Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Center of Biomedical Engineering for Cardiovascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Paul Chan
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; and.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huimin Fan
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Zhong-Min Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Bing Hui Wang
- Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia;
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575
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Verjans R, van Bilsen M, Schroen B. MiRNA Deregulation in Cardiac Aging and Associated Disorders. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 334:207-263. [PMID: 28838539 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of age-related diseases is increasing dramatically, among which cardiac disease represents the leading cause of death. Aging of the heart is characterized by various molecular and cellular hallmarks impairing both cardiomyocytes and noncardiomyocytes, and resulting in functional deteriorations of the cardiac system. The aging process includes desensitization of β-adrenergic receptor (βAR)-signaling and decreased calcium handling, altered growth signaling and cardiac hypertrophy, mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired autophagy, increased programmed cell death, low-grade inflammation of noncanonical inflammatory cells, and increased ECM deposition. MiRNAs play a fundamental role in regulating the processes underlying these detrimental changes in the cardiac system, indicating that MiRNAs are crucially involved in aging. Among others, MiR-34, MiR-146a, and members of the MiR-17-92 cluster, are deregulated during senescence and drive cardiac aging processes. It is therefore suggested that MiRNAs form possible therapeutic targets to stabilize the aged failing myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Verjans
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marc van Bilsen
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Blanche Schroen
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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576
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Carbone S, Lee PJH, Mauro AG, Mezzaroma E, Buzzetti R, Van Tassell B, Abbate A, Toldo S. Interleukin-18 mediates cardiac dysfunction induced by western diet independent of obesity and hyperglycemia in the mouse. Nutr Diabetes 2017; 7:e258. [PMID: 28394363 PMCID: PMC5436096 DOI: 10.1038/nutd.2017.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and diabetes are independent risk factors for heart failure and are associated with the consumption of diet rich in saturated fat and sugar, Western diet (WD), known to induce cardiac dysfunction in the mouse through incompletely characterized inflammatory mechanisms. We hypothesized that the detrimental cardiac effects of WD are mediated by interleukin-18 (IL-18), pro-inflammatory cytokine linked to cardiac dysfunction. C57BL/6J wild-type male mice and IL-18 knockout male mice were fed high-saturated fat and high-sugar diet for 8 weeks. We measured food intake, body weight and fasting glycemia. We assessed left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic function by Doppler echocardiography and cardiac catheterization. In wild-type mice, WD induced a significant increase in isovolumetric relaxation time, myocardial performance index and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, reflecting an impairment in diastolic function, paired with a mild reduction in LV ejection fraction. IL-18 KO mice had higher food intake and greater increase in body weight without significant differences in hyperglycemia. Despite displaying greater obesity, IL-18 knockout mice fed with WD for 8 weeks had preserved cardiac diastolic function and higher left ventricular ejection fraction. IL-18 mediates diet-induced cardiac dysfunction, independent of food intake and obesity, thus highlighting a disconnect between the metabolic and cardiac effects of IL-18.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Carbone
- VCU Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Victoria Johnson Research Laboratories, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - P J H Lee
- VCU Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Victoria Johnson Research Laboratories, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - A G Mauro
- VCU Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Victoria Johnson Research Laboratories, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - E Mezzaroma
- VCU Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Victoria Johnson Research Laboratories, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - R Buzzetti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - B Van Tassell
- Victoria Johnson Research Laboratories, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - A Abbate
- VCU Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Victoria Johnson Research Laboratories, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - S Toldo
- VCU Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Victoria Johnson Research Laboratories, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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577
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Inhibition of Cardiac Hypertrophy Effects in D-Galactose-Induced Senescent Hearts by Alpinate Oxyphyllae Fructus Treatment. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:2624384. [PMID: 28479925 PMCID: PMC5396449 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2624384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a complex physiological phenomenon accelerated by ROS accumulation, with multisystem decline and increasing vulnerability to degenerative diseases and death. Cardiac hypertrophy is a key pathophysiological component that accompanies the aging process. Alpinate Oxyphyllae Fructus (Alpinia oxyphylla MIQ, AOF) is a traditional Chinese medicine, which provides cardioprotective activity against aging, hypertension, and cerebrovascular disorders. In this study, we found the protective effect of AOF against cardiac hypertrophy in D-galactose-induced aging rat model. The results showed that treating rats with D-galactose resulted in pathological hypertrophy as evident from the morphology change, increased left ventricular weight/whole heart weight, and expression of hypertrophy-related markers (MYH7 and BNP). Both concentric and eccentric cardiac hypertrophy signaling proteins were upregulated in aging rat model. However, these pathological changes were significantly improved in AOF treated group (AM and AH) in a dose-dependent manner. AOF negatively modulated D-galactose-induced cardiac hypertrophy signaling mechanism to attenuate ventricular hypertrophy. These enhanced cardioprotective activities following oral administration of AOF reflect the potential use of AOF for antiaging treatments.
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578
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Chen KH, Chou YC, Hsiao CY, Chien Y, Wang KL, Lai YH, Chang YL, Niu DM, Yu WC. Amelioration of serum 8-OHdG level by enzyme replacement therapy in patients with Fabry cardiomyopathy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 486:293-299. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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579
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Oxidative Stress-Induced Afterdepolarizations and Protein Kinase C Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18040688. [PMID: 28358314 PMCID: PMC5412274 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress has been demonstrated to induce afterdepolarizations and triggered activities in isolated myocytes, but the underlying mechanisms remain not fully understood. We aimed to explore whether protein kinase C (PKC) activation plays an important role in oxidative stress-induced afterdepolarizations. Methods: Action potentials and ion currents of isolated rabbit cardiomyocytes were recorded using the patch clamp technique. H2O2 (1 mM) was perfused to induce oxidative stress and the specific classical PKC inhibitor, Gö 6983 (1 μM), was applied to test the involvement of PKC. Results: H2O2 perfusion prolonged the action potential duration and induced afterdepolarizations. Pretreatment with Gö 6983 prevented the emergence of H2O2-induced afterdepolarizations. Additional application of Gö 6983 with H2O2 effectively suppressed H2O2-induced afterdepolarizations. H2O2 increased the late sodium current (INa,L) (n = 7, p < 0.01) and the L-type calcium current (ICa,L) (n = 5, p < 0.01), which were significantly reversed by Gö 6983 (p < 0.01). H2O2 also increased the transient outward potassium current (Ito) (n = 6, p < 0.05). However, Gö 6983 showed little effect on H2O2-induced enhancement of Ito. Conclusions: H2O2 induced afterdepolarizations via the activation of PKC and the enhancement of ICa,L and INa,L. These results provide evidence of a link between oxidative stress, PKC activation and afterdepolarizations.
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580
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Deng Y, Wu W, Guo S, Chen Y, Liu C, Gao X, Wei B. Altered mTOR and Beclin-1 mediated autophagic activation during right ventricular remodeling in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension. Respir Res 2017; 18:53. [PMID: 28340591 PMCID: PMC5366117 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-017-0536-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Right ventricular structure and function is a major predictor of outcomes in pulmonary hypertension (PH), yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Growing evidence suggests the importance of autophagy in cardiac remodeling; however, its dynamics in the process of right ventricle(RV) remodeling in PH has not been fully explored. We sought to study the time course of cardiomyocyte autophagy in the RV in PH and determine whether mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and Beclin-1 hypoxia-related pro-autophagic pathways are underlying mechanisms. Methods Rats were studied at 2, 4, and 6 weeks after subcutaneous injection of 60 mg/kg monocrotaline (MCT) (MCT-2 W, 4 W, 6 W) or vehicle (CON-2 W, 4 W, 6 W). Cardiac hemodynamics and RV function were assessed in rats. Autophagy structures and markers were assessed using transmission electron microscope, RT-qPCR, immunohistochemistry staining, and western blot analyses. Western blot was also used to quantify the expression of mTOR and Beclin-1 mediated pro-autophagy signalings in the RV. Results Two weeks after MCT injection, pulmonary artery systolic pressure increased and mild RV hypertrophy without RV dilation was observed. RV enlargement presented at 4 weeks with moderately decreased function, whereas typical characteristics of RV decompensation and failure occurred at 6 weeks thus demonstrating the progression of RV remodeling in the MCT model. A higher LC3 (microtubule- associated protein light chain 3) II/I ratio, upregulated LC3 mRNA and protein levels, as well as accumulation of autophagosomes in RV of MCT rats indicated autophagy induction. Autophagy activation was coincident with increased pulmonary artery systolic pressure. Pro-autophagy signaling pathways were activated in a RV remodeling stage-dependent manner since phospho-AMPK (adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase)-α were primarily upregulated and phospho-mTOR suppressed in the RV at 2 and 4 weeks post-MCT injection, whearas, BNIP3 (Bcl2-interacting protein 3) and beclin-1 expression were relatively low during these stages, they were significantly upregulated after 6 weeks in this model. Conclusions Our findings provide evidence of sustained activation of autophagy in RV remodeling of MCT induced PH model, while pro-autophagic signaling pathways varied depending on the phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Deng
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Weifeng Wu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shenglan Guo
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuming Chen
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingcui Gao
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wei
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
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581
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De Jong KA, Lopaschuk GD. Complex Energy Metabolic Changes in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction and Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction. Can J Cardiol 2017; 33:860-871. [PMID: 28579160 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in cardiac energy metabolism contribute to the severity of heart failure. However, the energy metabolic changes that occur in heart failure are complex, and are dependent not only on the severity and type of heart failure present, but also on the coexistence of common comorbidities such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. In this article we review the cardiac energy metabolic changes that occur in heart failure. An emphasis is made on distinguishing the differences in cardiac energy metabolism between heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and in clarifying the common misconceptions surrounding the fate of fatty acids and glucose in the failing heart. The major key points from this article are: (1) mitochondrial oxidative capacity is reduced in HFpEF and HFrEF; (2) fatty acid oxidation is increased in HFpEF and reduced in HFrEF (however, oxidative metabolism of fatty acids in HFrEF still exceeds that of glucose); (3) glucose oxidation is decreased in HFpEF and HFrEF; (4) there is an uncoupling between glucose uptake and oxidation in HFpEF and HFrEF, resulting in an increased rate of glycolysis; (5) ketone body oxidation is increased in HFrEF, which might further reduce fatty acid and glucose oxidation; and finally, (6) branched chain amino acid oxidation is impaired in HFrEF. The understanding of these changes in cardiac energy metabolism in heart failure are essential to allow the development of metabolic modulators in the treatment of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirstie A De Jong
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gary D Lopaschuk
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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582
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Prevention of Adriamycin induced cardiotoxicity in rats — A comparative study with subacute angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and nonselective beta blocker therapy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcme.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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583
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Doxorubicin-induced oxidative stress: The protective effect of nicorandil on HL-1 cardiomyocytes. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172803. [PMID: 28245258 PMCID: PMC5330507 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary cardiotoxic action of doxorubicin when used as antitumor drug is attributed to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) therefore effective cardioprotection therapies are needed. In this sense, the antianginal drug nicorandil has been shown to be effective in cardioprotection from ischemic conditions but the underlying molecular mechanism to cope with doxorubicin-induced ROS is unclear. Our in vitro study using the HL-1 cardiomyocyte cell line derived from mouse atria reveals that the endogenous nitric oxide (NO) production was stimulated by nicorandil and arrested by NO synthase inhibition. Moreover, while the NO synthase activity was inhibited by doxorubicin-induced ROS, the NO synthase inhibition did not affect doxorubicin-induced ROS. The inhibition of NO synthase activity by doxorubicin was totally prevented by preincubation with nicorandil. Nicorandil also concentration-dependently (10 to 100 μM) decreased doxorubicin-induced ROS and the effect was antagonized by 5-hydroxydecanoate. The inhibition profile of doxorubicin-induced ROS by nicorandil was unaltered when an L-arginine derivative or a protein kinase G inhibitor was present. Preincubation with pinacidil mimicked the effect of nicorandil and the protection was eliminated by glibenclamide. Quantitative colocalization of fluorescence indicated that the mitochondrion was the target organelle of nicorandil and the observed response was a decrease in the mitochondrial inner membrane potential. Interference with H+ movement across the mitochondrial inner membrane, leading to depolarization, also protected from doxorubicin-induced ROS. The data indicate that activation of the mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K+ channel by nicorandil causing mitochondrial depolarization, without participation of the NO donor activity, was responsible for inhibition of the mitochondrial NADPH oxidase that is the main contributor to ROS production in cardiomyocytes. Impairment of the cytosolic Ca2+ signal induced by caffeine and the increase in lipid peroxidation, both of which are indicators of doxorubicin-induced oxidative stress, were also prevented by nicorandil.
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584
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Debevec T, Millet GP, Pialoux V. Hypoxia-Induced Oxidative Stress Modulation with Physical Activity. Front Physiol 2017; 8:84. [PMID: 28243207 PMCID: PMC5303750 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased oxidative stress, defined as an imbalance between prooxidants and antioxidants, resulting in molecular damage and disruption of redox signaling, is associated with numerous pathophysiological processes and known to exacerbate chronic diseases. Prolonged systemic hypoxia, induced either by exposure to terrestrial altitude or a reduction in ambient O2 availability is known to elicit oxidative stress and thereby alter redox balance in healthy humans. The redox balance modulation is also highly dependent on the level of physical activity. For example, both high-intensity exercise and inactivity, representing the two ends of the physical activity spectrum, are known to promote oxidative stress. Numerous to-date studies indicate that hypoxia and exercise can exert additive influence upon redox balance alterations. However, recent evidence suggests that moderate physical activity can attenuate altitude/hypoxia-induced oxidative stress during long-term hypoxic exposure. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent findings on hypoxia-related oxidative stress modulation by different activity levels during prolonged hypoxic exposures and examine the potential mechanisms underlying the observed redox balance changes. The paper also explores the applicability of moderate activity as a strategy for attenuating hypoxia-related oxidative stress. Moreover, the potential of such moderate intensity activities used to counteract inactivity-related oxidative stress, often encountered in pathological, elderly and obese populations is also discussed. Finally, future research directions for investigating interactive effects of altitude/hypoxia and exercise on oxidative stress are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadej Debevec
- Department of Automation, Biocybernetics and Robotics, Jozef Stefan InstituteLjubljana, Slovenia
| | - Grégoire P. Millet
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Institute of Sport Sciences, University of LausanneLausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Pialoux
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité EA 7424, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1Villeurbanne, France
- Institut Universitaire de FranceParis, France
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585
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Aghajani M, Faghihi M, Imani A, Vaez Mahdavi MR, Shakoori A, Rastegar T, Parsa H, Mehrabi S, Moradi F, Kazemi Moghaddam E. Post-infarct sleep disruption and its relation to cardiac remodeling in a rat model of myocardial infarction. Chronobiol Int 2017; 34:587-600. [PMID: 28156163 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2017.1281823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sleep disruption after myocardial infarction (MI) by affecting ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is thought to contribute to myocardial remodeling and progressive worsening of cardiac function. The aim of current study was to test the hypothesis about the increased risk of developing heart failure due to experience of sleep restriction (SR) after MI. Male Wistar rats (n = 40) were randomly assigned to four experimental groups: (1) Sham, (2) MI, (3) MI and SR (MI + SR) (4) Sham and SR (Sham + SR). MI was induced by permanent ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery. Twenty-four hours after surgery, animals were subjected to chronic SR paradigm. Blood sampling was performed at days 1, 8 and 21 after MI for determination of serum levels of creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), corticosterone, malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO). Finally, at 21 days after MI, echocardiographic parameters and expression of MuRF1, MaFBx, A20, eNOS, iNOS and NF-kB in the heart were evaluated. We used H&E staining to detect myocardial hypertrophy. We found out that post infarct SR increased corticosterone levels. Our results highlighted deteriorating effects of post-MI SR on NO production, oxidative stress, and echocardiographic indexes (p < 0.05). Moreover, its detrimental effects on myocardial damage were confirmed by overexpression of MuRF1, MaFBx, iNOS and NF-kB (p < 0.001) in left ventricle and downregulation of A20 and eNOS (p < 0.05). Furthermore, histological examination revealed that experience of SR after MI increased myocardial diameter as compared to Sham subjects (p < 0.05). Our data suggest that SR after MI leads to an enlargement of the heart within 21 days, marked by an increase in oxidative stress and NO production as well as an imbalance in UPS that ultimately results in cardiac dysfunction and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Aghajani
- a Physiology Department , Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Mahdieh Faghihi
- a Physiology Department , Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Alireza Imani
- a Physiology Department , Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.,b Occupational Sleep Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Vaez Mahdavi
- c Traditional Medicine Clinical Trial Research Center, Shahed University , Tehran , Iran.,d Department of Physiology , Medical Faculty, Shahed University , Tehran , Iran
| | - Abbas Shakoori
- e Genetic Department , Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Tayebeh Rastegar
- f Anatomy Department , Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Hoda Parsa
- a Physiology Department , Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Saman Mehrabi
- e Genetic Department , Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Fatemeh Moradi
- a Physiology Department , Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Ehsan Kazemi Moghaddam
- g Shiraz Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Amir-al-momenin Burn Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Iran.,h Department of Microbiology , Medical Faculty, Shahed University , Tehran , Iran
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586
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Bhatti JS, Kumar S, Vijayan M, Bhatti GK, Reddy PH. Therapeutic Strategies for Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress in Age-Related Metabolic Disorders. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2017; 146:13-46. [PMID: 28253984 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2016.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are complex, intercellular organelles present in the cells and are involved in multiple roles including ATP formation, free radicals generation and scavenging, calcium homeostasis, cellular differentiation, and cell death. Many studies depicted the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative damage in aging and pathogenesis of age-related metabolic disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Remarkable advancements have been made in understanding the structure, function, and physiology of mitochondria in metabolic disorders such as diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and stroke. Further, much progress has been done in the improvement of therapeutic strategies, including lifestyle interventions, pharmacological, and mitochondria-targeted therapeutic approaches. These strategies were mainly focused to reduce the mitochondrial dysfunction caused by oxidative stress and to retain the mitochondrial health in various diseases. In this chapter, we have highlighted the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathophysiology of various disorders and recent progress in the development of mitochondria-targeted molecules as therapeutic measures for metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Bhatti
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States; Department of Biotechnology, Sri Guru Gobind Singh College, Chandigarh, India.
| | - S Kumar
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - M Vijayan
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - G K Bhatti
- UGC Centre of Excellence in Nano Applications, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - P H Reddy
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States; Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
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587
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Papadaki A, Martínez-González MÁ, Alonso-Gómez A, Rekondo J, Salas-Salvadó J, Corella D, Ros E, Fitó M, Estruch R, Lapetra J, García-Rodriguez A, Fiol M, Serra-Majem L, Pintó X, Ruiz-Canela M, Bulló M, Serra-Mir M, Sorlí JV, Arós F. Mediterranean diet and risk of heart failure: results from the PREDIMED randomized controlled trial. Eur J Heart Fail 2017; 19:1179-1185. [PMID: 28133855 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) on the incidence of heart failure (HF), a pre-specified secondary outcome in the PREDIMED (PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea) primary nutrition-intervention prevention trial. METHODS AND RESULTS Participants at high risk of cardiovascular disease were randomly assigned to one of three diets: MedDiet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO), MedDiet supplemented with nuts, or a low-fat control diet. Incident HF was ascertained by a Committee for Adjudication of events blinded to group allocation. Among 7403 participants without prevalent HF followed for a median of 4.8 years, we observed 29 new HF cases in the MedDiet with EVOO group, 33 in the MedDiet with nuts group, and 32 in the control group. No significant association with HF incidence was found for the MedDiet with EVOO and MedDiet with nuts, compared with the control group [hazard ratio (HR) 0.68; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.41-1.13, and HR 0.92; 95% CI 0.56-1.49, respectively]. CONCLUSION In this sample of adults at high cardiovascular risk, the MedDiet did not result in lower HF incidence. However, this pre-specified secondary analysis may have been underpowered to provide valid conclusions. Further randomized controlled trials with HF as a primary outcome are needed to better assess the effect of the MedDiet on HF risk. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN35739639.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki Papadaki
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Miguel Ángel Martínez-González
- University of Navarra, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Angel Alonso-Gómez
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Araba, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Javier Rekondo
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Araba, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, IISPV, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montse Fitó
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition (Regicor Study Group), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Estruch
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Lapetra
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Miquel Fiol
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Palma Institut of Health Research (IdISPa), Hospital Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Lluís Serra-Majem
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Xavier Pintó
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Ruiz-Canela
- University of Navarra, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Monica Bulló
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, IISPV, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain
| | - Mercè Serra-Mir
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose V Sorlí
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Fernando Arós
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Araba, Vitoria, Spain
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588
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Li Z, Li S, Hu L, Li F, Cheung AC, Shao W, Que Y, Leung GPH, Yang C. MECHANISMS UNDERLYING ACTION OF XINMAILONG INJECTION, A TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE IN CARDIAC FUNCTION IMPROVEMENT. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL, COMPLEMENTARY, AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINES : AJTCAM 2017; 14:241-252. [PMID: 28573241 PMCID: PMC5446449 DOI: 10.21010/ajtcam.v14i2.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a bioactive composite extracted from American cockroach, Xinmailong injection (XML) is used for the treatment of congestive heart failure (CHF) in China. Clinical data has provided evidence that XML has positive inotropic properties. The objective of this study was to assess the mechanisms involved in the therapeutical effect of XML on CHF. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of XML on the cardiac function in isolated rat heart were measured. A Ca2+ imaging technology was used in rat cardiomyocytes (H9c2 cells) to reveal the role of XML on Ca2+ channels. Meanwhile, the effects of XML on the activities of Na+/K+ ATPase and sodium/calcium exchanger were measured. In addition, the level of reactive oxygen species and the protein expressions for the superoxide dismutase and hemeoxygenase were determined in the cardiomyocytes. RESULTS The results showed that XML increased the electrical impulse-induced [Ca2+]i in H9c2 cells, which was dependant on extracellular Ca2+ and was abolished by ML218-HCl (a T-type Ca2+channels antagonist) but not nimodipine (a L-type Ca2+channels antagonist). Ouabain, a Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor, increased the electrical impulse-induced [Ca2+]i, which was significantly inhibited by XML. Moreover, XML markedly inhibited the Na+/K+ ATPase activity in H9c2 cells. In addition, XML notably reduced the production of reactive oxygen species and enhanced the protein expressions of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase 1, superoxide dismutase 2 and hemeoxygenase 1 in H9c2 cell. CONCLUSION Our findings pave the ways to the better understandings of the therapeutic effects of XML on cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengtao Li
- Ethnic Drug Screening & Pharmacology Center, Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, P.R. China
| | - Sujuan Li
- Ethnic Drug Screening & Pharmacology Center, Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, P.R. China
| | - Lin Hu
- Ethnic Drug Screening & Pharmacology Center, Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, P.R. China
| | - Fang Li
- Ethnic Drug Screening & Pharmacology Center, Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, P.R. China
| | - Alex Chun Cheung
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
| | - Weizai Shao
- Tengyao Pharmaceutical Company Limited by Shares Yunnan, Tengchong 679100, P.R. China
| | - Yuling Que
- Tengyao Pharmaceutical Company Limited by Shares Yunnan, Tengchong 679100, P.R. China
| | - George Pek-heng Leung
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
| | - Cui Yang
- Ethnic Drug Screening & Pharmacology Center, Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
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589
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Grois L, Hupf J, Reinders J, Schröder J, Dietl A, Schmid PM, Jungbauer C, Resch M, Maier LS, Luchner A, Birner C. Combined Inhibition of the Renin-Angiotensin System and Neprilysin Positively Influences Complex Mitochondrial Adaptations in Progressive Experimental Heart Failure. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169743. [PMID: 28076404 PMCID: PMC5226780 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inhibitors of the renin angiotensin system and neprilysin (RAS-/NEP-inhibitors) proved to be extraordinarily beneficial in systolic heart failure. Furthermore, compelling evidence exists that impaired mitochondrial pathways are causatively involved in progressive left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. Consequently, we aimed to assess whether RAS-/NEP-inhibition can attenuate mitochondrial adaptations in experimental heart failure (HF). METHODS AND RESULTS By progressive right ventricular pacing, distinct HF stages were induced in 15 rabbits, and 6 animals served as controls (CTRL). Six animals with manifest HF (CHF) were treated with the RAS-/NEP-inhibitor omapatrilat. Echocardiographic studies and invasive blood pressure measurements were undertaken during HF progression. Mitochondria were isolated from LV tissue, respectively, and further worked up for proteomic analysis using the SWATH technique. Enzymatic activities of citrate synthase and the electron transfer chain (ETC) complexes I, II, and IV were assessed. Ultrastructural analyses were performed by transmission electron microscopy. During progression to overt HF, intricate expression changes were mainly detected for proteins belonging to the tricarboxylic acid cycle, glucose and fat metabolism, and the ETC complexes, even though ETC complex I, II, or IV enzymatic activities were not significantly influenced. Treatment with a RAS-/NEP-inhibitor then reversed some maladaptive metabolic adaptations, positively influenced the decline of citrate synthase activity, and altered the composition of each respiratory chain complex, even though this was again not accompanied by altered ETC complex enzymatic activities. Finally, ultrastructural evidence pointed to a reduction of autophagolytic and degenerative processes with omapatrilat-treatment. CONCLUSIONS This study describes complex adaptations of the mitochondrial proteome in experimental tachycardia-induced heart failure and shows that a combined RAS-/NEP-inhibition can beneficially influence mitochondrial key pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Grois
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Julian Hupf
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Reinders
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Josef Schröder
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility, Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Dietl
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Peter M. Schmid
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Jungbauer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Markus Resch
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lars S. Maier
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Luchner
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Clinic St. Marien, Amberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Birner
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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590
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Hsu SW, Chang TC, Wu YK, Lin KT, Shi LS, Lee SY. Rhodiola crenulata extract counteracts the effect of hypobaric hypoxia in rat heart via redirection of the nitric oxide and arginase 1 pathway. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:29. [PMID: 28061780 PMCID: PMC5219729 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1524-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhodiola crenulata is traditionally used as a folk medicine in Tibet for preventing high-altitude illnesses, including sudden cardiac death (SCD). The cardio-protective effects of Rhodiola crenulata root extract (RCE) against hypoxia in vivo have been recently confirmed. However, the way in which RCE produces these effects remains unclear. The present study is designed to confirm the protective effects of RCE on the heart in acute hypobaric hypoxia exposure and examine the mechanisms by which this occurs. METHODS Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were pretreated with or without RCE and then exposed to a simulated altitude of 8000 m in a hypobaric hypoxia chamber for 9 h. The expression of cardiac arginase 1 (Arg-1) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and the activity of associated signaling pathways was examined. RESULTS Hypoxia reduced cardiac eNOS phosphorylation and increased Arg-1 expression, but both responses were reversed by RCE pre-treatment. In addition, RCE decreased the hypoxia-induced oxidative stress markers of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, malondialdehyde (MDA) level, and protein carbonyl content. Furthermore, RCE protected cardiomyocytes from hypoxia-induced cardiac apoptosis and restored the phosphorylation level of AKT and p38 MAPK as well as the superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) content in hypoxic animals. CONCLUSION The findings provide evidence that the effects of Rhodiola crenulata against altitude illness are partially mediated by modulation of eNOS and Arg-1 pathways in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Wei Hsu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsu-Chung Chang
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Kuan Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Tze Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Shian Shi
- Department of Biotechnology, National Formosa University, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yu Lee
- Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, P.O. Box 90048-514, Nei-Hu 114, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
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591
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Li W, Trouba KJ, Ma L, Kwagh J, Storck C, Zhu Y, Flint O, Humphreys WG, Wang J, Liu A, Wang B, Graziano MJ, Davies MH, Sanderson TP. In Vitro Metabolite Formation in Human Hepatocytes and Cardiomyocytes and Metabolism and Tissue Distribution in Monkeys of the 2'-C-Methylguanosine Prodrug BMS-986094. Int J Toxicol 2017; 36:35-49. [PMID: 28056568 DOI: 10.1177/1091581816683642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BMS-986094, a 2'-C-methylguanosine prodrug for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection, was withdrawn from phase 2 clinical trials because of unexpected cardiac and renal toxicities. To better understand these toxicities, the in vitro metabolism of BMS-986094 in human hepatocytes (HHs) and human cardiomyocytes (HCMs) and the measurement of BMS-986094 and selected metabolites in monkey plasma and tissues were assessed. BMS-986094 was extensively metabolized by HHs and HCMs, resulting in more efficient formation and accumulation of the active triphosphorylated metabolite, INX-09114, and less efficient efflux of metabolites in HCMs. The predominant metabolism pathway (hydrolysis) in HHs and HCMs was not associated with the formation of reactive metabolites or oxidative stress. In cynomolgus monkeys dosed with BMS-986094 of 15 or 30 mg/kg/d for 3 weeks, the nucleoside metabolite M2 was the major plasma analyte (66%-68% of the combined area under the curve). INX-09114 was the highest drug-related species in the heart and kidney (2,610-4,280 ng/mL [males]; ∼2-420× the concentration of other analytes). Other analytes increased dose dependently, with BMS-986094 highest in diaphragm (≤4,400 ng/mL) followed by M2 in liver and kidney (≤1,360 ng/mL), and M7 and M8 in other tissues (≤124 ng/mL). Three weeks after the last dose, INX-09114 remained high in the heart and kidney (≤1,870 ng/mL), with low M2 (≤37 ng/mL) in plasma and tissues. Persistent high concentrations of INX-09114 in the heart and kidney appeared to correlate with toxicities in these tissues in monkeys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Li
- 1 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, NJ, USA
| | | | - Li Ma
- 1 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, NJ, USA
| | - Jae Kwagh
- 3 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Pennington, NJ, USA
| | | | - Yongxin Zhu
- 1 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, NJ, USA
| | - Oliver Flint
- 3 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Pennington, NJ, USA
| | | | - Jian Wang
- 1 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, NJ, USA
| | - Ang Liu
- 1 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, NJ, USA
| | - Bonnie Wang
- 4 Bristol-Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | | | - Marc H Davies
- 1 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, NJ, USA
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592
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Rodrigues B, Feriani DJ, Gambassi BB, Irigoyen MC, Angelis KD, Hélio José Júnior C. Exercise training on cardiovascular diseases: Role of animal models in the elucidation of the mechanisms. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-6574201700si0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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593
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Mitochondria in Structural and Functional Cardiac Remodeling. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 982:277-306. [PMID: 28551793 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-55330-6_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The heart must function continuously as it is responsible for both supplying oxygen and nutrients throughout the entire body, as well as for the transport of waste products to excretory organs. When facing either a physiological or pathological increase in cardiac demand, the heart undergoes structural and functional remodeling as a means of adapting to increased workload. These adaptive responses can include changes in gene expression, protein composition, and structure of sub-cellular organelles involved in energy production and metabolism. Mitochondria are essential for cardiac function, as they supply the ATP necessary to support continuous cycles of contraction and relaxation. In addition, mitochondria carry out other important processes, including synthesis of essential cellular components, calcium buffering, and initiation of cell death signals. Not surprisingly, mitochondrial dysfunction has been linked to several cardiovascular disorders, including hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, ischemia/reperfusion and heart failure. The present chapter will discuss how changes in mitochondrial cristae structure, fusion/fission dynamics, fatty acid oxidation, ATP production, and the generation of reactive oxygen species might impact cardiac structure and function, particularly in the context of pathological hypertrophy and fibrotic response. In addition, the mechanistic role of mitochondria in autophagy and programmed cell death of cardiomyocytes will be addressed. Here we will also review strategies to improve mitochondrial function and discuss their cardioprotective potential.
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594
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Liu N, Shi YF, Diao HY, Li YX, Cui Y, Song XJ, Tian X, Li TY, Liu B. MicroRNA-135a Regulates Apoptosis Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide in Rat Cardiomyoblast Cells. Int J Biol Sci 2017; 13:13-21. [PMID: 28123342 PMCID: PMC5264257 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.16769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and apoptosis are the most important pathologic features of ischemic heart disease. Recent research has indicated that microRNAs (miRs) play an essential role in apoptosis. However, whether miRs might regulate B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) protein in apoptosis during ischemic heart disease is still unclear. The aim of this study, therefore, was to confirm the regulation of microRNA-135a (miR-135a) in oxidative stress injuries induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in rat cardiomyoblast cells H9c2. To this end, we analyzed the effects of H2O2 treatment on miR-135a expression in rat cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, we upregulated and inhibited miR-135a using mimics and inhibitors, respectively, and examined the effects on cell viability and apoptosis-related proteins. We observed that miR-135a was markedly up-regulated under H2O2 treatment in rat cardiomyoblast cells. Overexpression of miR-135a blocked the Bcl-2 protein and enhanced the apoptosis induced by H2O2, and miR-135a inhibition restored Bcl-2 protein expression. Interestingly, miR-135a inhibition did not attenuate H2O2-induced apoptosis with Bcl-2 knockdown. The results of the present study indicate that miR-135a regulates H2O2-induced apoptosis in H9c2 cells via targeting Bcl-2, and that miR-135a may be a novel therapeutic target for ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China
| | - Yong-Feng Shi
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China
| | - Hong-Ying Diao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China
| | - Yang-Xue Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China
| | - Yan Cui
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China
| | - Xian-Jing Song
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China
| | - Xin Tian
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China
| | - Tian-Yi Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China
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595
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Mitochondria and Cardiac Hypertrophy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 982:203-226. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-55330-6_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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596
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David JA, Rifkin WJ, Rabbani PS, Ceradini DJ. The Nrf2/Keap1/ARE Pathway and Oxidative Stress as a Therapeutic Target in Type II Diabetes Mellitus. J Diabetes Res 2017; 2017:4826724. [PMID: 28913364 PMCID: PMC5585663 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4826724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite improvements in awareness and treatment of type II diabetes mellitus (TIIDM), this disease remains a major source of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and prevalence continues to rise. Oxidative damage caused by free radicals has long been known to contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of TIIDM and its complications. Only recently, however, has the role of the Nrf2/Keap1/ARE master antioxidant pathway in diabetic dysfunction begun to be elucidated. There is accumulating evidence that this pathway is implicated in diabetic damage to the pancreas, heart, and skin, among other cell types and tissues. Animal studies and clinical trials have shown promising results suggesting that activation of this pathway can delay or reverse some of these impairments in TIIDM. In this review, we outline the role of oxidative damage and the Nrf2/Keap1/ARE pathway in TIIDM, focusing on current and future efforts to utilize this relationship as a therapeutic target for prevention, prognosis, and treatment of TIID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A. David
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, 430 East 29th Street, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - William J. Rifkin
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, 430 East 29th Street, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Piul S. Rabbani
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, 430 East 29th Street, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Daniel J. Ceradini
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, 430 East 29th Street, New York, NY 10016, USA
- *Daniel J. Ceradini:
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597
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Schrutka L, Distelmaier K, Hohensinner P, Sulzgruber P, Lang IM, Maurer G, Wojta J, Hülsmann M, Niessner A, Koller L. Impaired High-Density Lipoprotein Anti-Oxidative Function Is Associated With Outcome in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:JAHA.116.004169. [PMID: 28003247 PMCID: PMC5210408 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.004169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress is mechanistically linked to the pathogenesis of chronic heart failure (CHF). Antioxidative functions of high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) particles have been found impaired in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy; however, the impact of antioxidative HDL capacities on clinical outcome in CHF patients is unknown. We therefore investigated the predictive value of antioxidative HDL function on mortality in a representative cohort of patients with CHF. Methods and Results We prospectively enrolled 320 consecutive patients admitted to our outpatient department for heart failure and determined antioxidative HDL function using the HDL oxidative index (HOI). During a median follow‐up time of 2.8 (IQR: 1.8‐4.9) years, 88 (27.5%) patients reached the combined cardiovascular endpoint defined as the combination of death due to cardiovascular events and heart transplantation. An HOI ≥1 was significantly associated with survival free of cardiovascular events in Cox regression analysis with a hazard ratio (HR) of 2.28 (95% CI 1.48‐3.51, P<0.001). This association remained significant after comprehensive multivariable adjustment for potential confounders with an adjusted HR of 1.83 (95% CI 1.1‐2.92, P=0.012). Determination of HOI significantly enhanced risk prediction beyond that achievable with N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide indicated by improvements in net reclassification index (32.4%, P=0.009) and integrated discrimination improvement (1.4%, P=0.04). Conclusions Impaired antioxidative HDL function represents a strong and independent predictor of mortality in patients with CHF. Implementation of HOI leads to a substantial improvement of risk prediction in patients with CHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lore Schrutka
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus Distelmaier
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Hohensinner
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Sulzgruber
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Irene M Lang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerald Maurer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Johann Wojta
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.,Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster for Cardiovascular Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Hülsmann
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Niessner
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Lorenz Koller
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
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598
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Sorriento D, Ciccarelli M, Cipolletta E, Trimarco B, Iaccarino G. "Freeze, Don't Move": How to Arrest a Suspect in Heart Failure - A Review on Available GRK2 Inhibitors. Front Cardiovasc Med 2016; 3:48. [PMID: 27999776 PMCID: PMC5138235 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2016.00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease and heart failure (HF) still collect the largest toll of death in western societies and all over the world. A growing number of molecular mechanisms represent possible targets for new therapeutic strategies, which can counteract the metabolic and structural changes observed in the failing heart. G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) is one of such targets for which experimental and clinical evidence are established. Indeed, several strategies have been carried out in place to interface with the known GRK2 mechanisms of action in the failing heart. This review deals with results from basic and preclinical studies. It shows different strategies to inhibit GRK2 in HF in vivo (βARK-ct gene therapy, treatment with gallein, and treatment with paroxetine) and in vitro (RNA aptamer, RKIP, and peptide-based inhibitors). These strategies are based either on the inhibition of the catalytic activity of the kinase (“Freeze!”) or the prevention of its shuttling within the cell (“Don’t Move!”). Here, we review the peculiarity of each strategy with regard to the ability to interact with the multiple tasks of GRK2 and the perspective development of eventual clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Sorriento
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II , Naples , Italy
| | - Michele Ciccarelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno , Baronissi, SA , Italy
| | - Ersilia Cipolletta
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II , Naples , Italy
| | - Bruno Trimarco
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II , Naples , Italy
| | - Guido Iaccarino
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno , Baronissi, SA , Italy
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599
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Fattahi F, Ward PA. Complement and sepsis-induced heart dysfunction. Mol Immunol 2016; 84:57-64. [PMID: 27931779 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2016.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that cardiac dysfunction develops during sepsis in both humans and in rodents (rats, mice). These defects appear to be reversible, since after "recovery" from sepsis, cardiac dysfunction disappears and the heart returns to its function that was present before the onset of sepsis. Our studies, using in vivo and in vitro models, have demonstrated that C5a and its receptors (C5aR1 and C5aR2) play key roles in cardiac dysfunction developing during sepsis. Use of a neutralizing antibody to C5a largely attenuates cardiac dysfunction and other adverse events developing during sepsis. The molecular basis for cardiac dysfunctions is linked to generation of C5a and its interaction with C5a receptors present on surfaces of cardiomyocytes (CMs). It is established that C5a interactions with C5a receptors leads to significant reductions involving faulty contractility and relaxation in CMs. In addition, C5a interactions with C5a receptors on CMs results in reductions in Na+/K+-ATPase in CMs. This ATPase is essential for intact action potentials in CMs. The enzymatic activity and protein for this ATPase were strikingly reduced in CMs during sepsis by unknown mechanisms. In addition, C5a interactions with C5aRs also caused reductions in CM homeostatic proteins that regulate cytosolic [Ca2+]i in CMs: sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase2 (SERCA2) and Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX). In the absence of C5a receptors, defects in SERCA2 and NCX in CMs after sepsis are strikingly attenuated. These observations suggest new strategies to protect the heart from dysfunction developing during sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Fattahi
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Peter A Ward
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States.
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600
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Cardamonin Alleviates Pressure Overload-induced Cardiac Remodeling and Dysfunction Through Inhibition of Oxidative Stress. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2016; 68:441-451. [DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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