751
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Karlsen MMW, Ølnes MA, Heyn LG. Communication with patients in intensive care units: a scoping review. Nurs Crit Care 2018; 24:115-131. [PMID: 30069988 DOI: 10.1111/nicc.12377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients in intensive care units are generally more conscious and alert when they are on mechanical ventilation than in previous years because of the many potential benefits of being under less sedation. The endotracheal tube blocks the vocal cords when patients are on ventilation, thus making it impossible to speak. Many patients report that they struggle to make themselves understood. AIM The aim of this study was to assess previous knowledge about interaction and communication between health care personnel and conscious and alert patients under mechanical ventilation in intensive care units. DESIGN AND METHODS A literature review was performed following the steps of a scoping review. Studies published between 1998 and 2017 were identified in several databases: Cinahl, Embase, Medline, PsycINFO and Scopus. The first search returned 7386 unique references. The inclusion criteria consisted of empirical studies or studies related to interactions between health care personnel and patients over 18 years of age on mechanical ventilation. The relevant studies were summarized in a standardized data-charting sheet. RESULTS The inclusion criteria were met by 46 articles; 16 were qualitative studies, 17 were quantitative, 6 were mixed-methods studies, and 7 were pilot or feasibility studies. Of the studies, 37 were from nurses, 4 from physicians, 4 from speech language pathologists and 1 from psychologists. The most common topics investigated in the studies were 'experiences with communication on mechanical ventilation' and 'communication exchanges'. CONCLUSIONS A variety of communication aids that appear to have some effect on patients should be made available in intensive care units. More multidisciplinary approaches in future studies could enhance the knowledge in the field. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE The education of intensive care unit personnel in the use of such aids should be a prioritized field, as should be the implementation of a variety of communication aids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mia Alexandra Ølnes
- Lovisenberg Diaconal University College, Lovisenberggt 15b, 0456 Oslo, Norway
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752
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Ransome Y, Thurber KA, Swen M, Crawford ND, German D, Dean LT. Social capital and HIV/AIDS in the United States: Knowledge, gaps, and future directions. SSM Popul Health 2018; 5:73-85. [PMID: 29892697 PMCID: PMC5991916 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Social capital is a well-established predictor of several behavioral health outcomes. However, we know less about the relationship with prevention, transmission, and treatment of HIV/AIDS outcomes in the United States (US). Methods In 2017, we conducted a scoping review of empirical studies investigating the relationships between social capital and HIV/AIDS in the US by searching PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Sociological Abstracts with no restriction on publication date, for articles in English language. Sample search terms included: HIV infections OR HIV OR AIDS OR acquired immunodeficiency syndrome OR human immunodeficiency virus AND social capital OR social control, informal OR social participation OR social cohesion OR generalized trust OR social trust OR collective efficacy OR community mob* OR civic participation. Results We identified 1581 unique manuscripts and reviewed 13 based on eligibility criteria. The earliest eligible study was published in 2003. More than half (n=7/13) focused on HIV or AIDS diagnosis, then prescribing ART and/or adherence (n=5/13), then linkage and or engagement in HIV care (n=4/13). Fifty eight percent (58%) documented a protective association between at least one social capital measure and an HIV/AIDS outcome. Seven studies used validated social capital scales, however there was substantial variation in conceptual/operational definitions and measures used. Most studies were based on samples from the Northeast. Three studies directly focused on or stratified analyses among subgroups or key populations. Studies were cross-sectional, so causal inference is unknown. Conclusion Our review suggests that social capital may be an important determinant of HIV/AIDS prevention, transmission, and treatment outcomes. We recommend future research assess these associations using qualitative and mixed-methods approaches, longitudinally, examine differences across subgroups and geographic region, include a wider range of social capital constructs, and examine indicators beyond HIV diagnosis, as well as how mechanisms like stigma link social capital to HIV/AIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Ransome
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College Street, LEPH Rm 403, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Katherine A. Thurber
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Melody Swen
- Department of Epidemiology Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Natalie D. Crawford
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Danielle German
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lorraine T. Dean
- Department of Epidemiology Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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753
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Tricco AC, Rios P, Zarin W, Cardoso R, Diaz S, Nincic V, Mascarenhas A, Jassemi S, Straus SE. Prevention and management of unprofessional behaviour among adults in the workplace: A scoping review. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201187. [PMID: 30048512 PMCID: PMC6062077 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unprofessional behaviour is a challenge in academic medicine. Given that faculty are role models for trainees, it is critical to identify strategies to manage these behaviours. A scoping review was conducted to identify interventions to prevent and manage unprofessional behaviour in any workplace or professional setting. METHODS A search of 14 electronic databases was conducted in March 2016, reference lists of relevant systematic reviews were scanned, and grey literature was searched to identify relevant studies. Experimental and quasi-experimental studies that reported on interventions to prevent or manage unprofessional behaviours were included. Studies that reported impact on any outcome were eligible. Two reviewers independently screened articles and completed data abstraction. Qualitative analysis of the definitions of unprofessional behaviour was conducted. Data were charted to describe the study, participant, intervention and outcome characteristics. RESULTS 12,482 citations were retrieved; 23 studies with 11,025 participants were included. The studies were 12 uncontrolled before and after studies, 6 controlled before and after studies, 2 cluster-randomised controlled trials (RCTs), 1 RCT, 1 non-randomised controlled trial and 1 quasi-RCT. Four constructs were identified in the definitions of unprofessional behaviour: verbal and/or non-verbal acts, repeated acts, power imbalance, and unwelcome behaviour. Interventions most commonly targeted individuals (22 studies, 95.7%) rather than organisations (4 studies, 17.4%). Most studies (21 studies, 91.3%) focused on increasing awareness. The most frequently targeted behaviour change was sexual harassment (4 of 7 studies). DISCUSSION Several interventions appear promising in addressing unprofessional behaviour. Most of the studies included single component, in-person education sessions targeting individuals and increasing awareness of unprofessional behaviour. Fewer studies targeted the institutional culture or addressed behaviour change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea C. Tricco
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patricia Rios
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wasifa Zarin
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Roberta Cardoso
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sanober Diaz
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vera Nincic
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alekhya Mascarenhas
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sabrina Jassemi
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sharon E. Straus
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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754
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Killick K, Macaden L, Smith A, Kroll T, Stoddart K, Watson MC. A scoping review of the pharmaceutical care needs of people with sensory loss. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACY PRACTICE 2018; 26:380-386. [PMID: 29920822 DOI: 10.1111/ijpp.12456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This scoping review collated evidence of the pharmaceutical care needs of people with sensory loss (SL). METHODS Electronic databases were searched with no limit on year of publication: Medline (1946); Embase; Cinahl (1979); and Web of Science (1985). Search terms included the following: pharmacy; sight/hearing/dual impairment. Studies were included if they involved people with SL requiring pharmaceutical care and/or pharmacists/pharmacy support staff providing pharmaceutical care for people with SL. All study designs were eligible. This was a scoping review, and as such, the quality of studies was not formally evaluated. KEY FINDINGS Eleven studies were included. People with SL had lower levels of medication knowledge than their peers without SL. People with SL were identified as being at higher risk of iatrogenic harm than people without SL. Communication was a barrier to the provision of pharmaceutical care for people with hearing loss, with pharmacists relying on the provision of written information. The prevalence of SL increases with age, yet only two studies included older people. No studies involved family or carers of people with SL, people with dual loss or people with SL receiving polypharmacy. CONCLUSIONS There is a paucity of data regarding the pharmaceutical care needs of people with SL. Unmet pharmaceutical care needs put people with SL at increased risk of harm from their medicines. A detailed understanding of the needs of people with SL is required which will inform future delivery of pharmaceutical care for this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty Killick
- Edinburgh Napier University, Sighthill Campus, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Leah Macaden
- Department of Nursing, Centre for Health Science, University of the Highlands and Islands, Inverness, UK
| | - Annetta Smith
- Department of Nursing, Centre for Health Science, University of the Highlands and Islands, Inverness, UK
| | - Thilo Kroll
- UCD School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, UCD Health Sciences Centre, University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Kathleen Stoddart
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
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755
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Corrin T, Greig J, Harding S, Young I, Mascarenhas M, Waddell LA. Powassan virus, a scoping review of the global evidence. Zoonoses Public Health 2018; 65:595-624. [PMID: 29911344 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Powassan virus (POWV), a flavivirus discovered in 1958, causes sporadic but severe cases of encephalitis in humans. Since 2007, the number of human Powassan cases diagnosed each year in the USA has steadily increased. This is in agreement with predictions that Powassan cases may increase in North America as a result of increased exposure to infected ticks. However, the increase may also reflect improved diagnostics and reporting among other factors. METHODS A scoping review was prioritized to identify and characterize the global literature on POWV. Following an a priori developed protocol, a comprehensive search strategy was implemented. Two reviewers screened titles and abstracts for relevant research and the identified full papers were used to characterize the POWV literature using a predetermined data characterization tool. RESULTS One hundred and seventy-eight articles were included. The majority of the studies were conducted in North America (88.2%) between 1958 and 2017. Both genotypes of POWV (Powassan lineage 1 and Deer Tick virus) were isolated or studied in vitro, in vectors, nonhuman hosts and human populations. To date, POWV has been reported in 147 humans in North America. The virus has also been isolated from five tick species, and several animals have tested positive for exposure to the virus. The relevant articles identified in this review cover the following eight topics: epidemiology (123 studies), pathogenesis (66), surveillance (33), virus characterization (22), POWV transmission (8), diagnostic test accuracy (8), treatment (4) and mitigation strategies (3). CONCLUSION The literature on POWV is relatively small compared with other vector-borne diseases, likely because POWV has not been prioritized due to the small number of severe sporadic human cases. With the projected impact of climate change on tick populations, increases in the number of human cases are expected. It is recommended that future research efforts focus on closing some of the important knowledge gaps identified in this scoping review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tricia Corrin
- Public Health Risk Sciences Division, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Judy Greig
- Public Health Risk Sciences Division, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Shannon Harding
- Public Health Risk Sciences Division, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Ian Young
- School of Occupational and Public Health, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mariola Mascarenhas
- Public Health Risk Sciences Division, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Lisa A Waddell
- Public Health Risk Sciences Division, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, ON, Canada
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756
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Tricco AC, Zarin W, Lillie E, Jeblee S, Warren R, Khan PA, Robson R, Pham B, Hirst G, Straus SE. Utility of social media and crowd-intelligence data for pharmacovigilance: a scoping review. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2018; 18:38. [PMID: 29898743 PMCID: PMC6001022 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-018-0621-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A scoping review to characterize the literature on the use of conversations in social media as a potential source of data for detecting adverse events (AEs) related to health products. METHODS Our specific research questions were (1) What social media listening platforms exist to detect adverse events related to health products, and what are their capabilities and characteristics? (2) What is the validity and reliability of data from social media for detecting these adverse events? MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and relevant websites were searched from inception to May 2016. Any type of document (e.g., manuscripts, reports) that described the use of social media data for detecting health product AEs was included. Two reviewers independently screened citations and full-texts, and one reviewer and one verifier performed data abstraction. Descriptive synthesis was conducted. RESULTS After screening 3631 citations and 321 full-texts, 70 unique documents with 7 companion reports available from 2001 to 2016 were included. Forty-six documents (66%) described an automated or semi-automated information extraction system to detect health product AEs from social media conversations (in the developmental phase). Seven pre-existing information extraction systems to mine social media data were identified in eight documents. Nineteen documents compared AEs reported in social media data with validated data and found consistent AE discovery in all except two documents. None of the documents reported the validity and reliability of the overall system, but some reported on the performance of individual steps in processing the data. The validity and reliability results were found for the following steps in the data processing pipeline: data de-identification (n = 1), concept identification (n = 3), concept normalization (n = 2), and relation extraction (n = 8). The methods varied widely, and some approaches yielded better results than others. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the use of social media conversations for pharmacovigilance is in its infancy. Although social media data has the potential to supplement data from regulatory agency databases; is able to capture less frequently reported AEs; and can identify AEs earlier than official alerts or regulatory changes, the utility and validity of the data source remains under-studied. TRIAL REGISTRATION Open Science Framework ( https://osf.io/kv9hu/ ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea C. Tricco
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael’s Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8 Canada
- Epidemiology Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 6th Floor, 155 College St, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7 Canada
| | - Wasifa Zarin
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael’s Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8 Canada
| | - Erin Lillie
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael’s Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8 Canada
| | - Serena Jeblee
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, 10 King’s College Road, Toronto, ON M5S 3G4 Canada
| | - Rachel Warren
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael’s Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8 Canada
| | - Paul A. Khan
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael’s Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8 Canada
| | - Reid Robson
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael’s Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8 Canada
| | - Ba’ Pham
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael’s Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8 Canada
| | - Graeme Hirst
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, 10 King’s College Road, Toronto, ON M5S 3G4 Canada
| | - Sharon E. Straus
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael’s Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8 Canada
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 27 Kings College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1 Canada
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757
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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A HEALTH TECHNOLOGY: A SCOPING REVIEW. Int J Technol Assess Health Care 2018; 34:317-326. [PMID: 29897036 DOI: 10.1017/s0266462318000351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Health Technology Expert Review Panel is an advisory body to Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health (CADTH) that develops recommendations on health technology assessments (HTAs) for nondrug health technologies using a deliberative framework. The framework spans several domains, including the environmental impact of the health technology(ies). Our research objective was to identify articles on frameworks, methods or case studies on the environmental impact assessment of health technologies. METHODS A literature search in major databases and a focused gray literature search were conducted. The main search concepts were HTA and environmental impact/sustainability. Eligible articles were those that described a conceptual framework or methods used to conduct an environmental assessment of health technologies, and case studies on the application of an environmental assessment. RESULTS From the 1,710 citations identified, thirteen publications were included. Two articles presented a framework to incorporate environmental assessment in HTAs. Other approaches described weight of evidence practices and comprehensive and integrated environmental impact assessments. Central themes derived include transparency and repeatability, integration of components in a framework or of evidence into a single outcome, data availability to ensure the accuracy of findings, and familiarity with the approach used. CONCLUSIONS Each framework and methods presented have different foci related to the ecosystem, health economics, or engineering practices. Their descriptions suggested transparency, repeatability, and the integration of components or of evidence into a single outcome as their main strengths. Our review is an initial step of a larger initiative by CADTH to develop the methods and processes to address the environmental impact question in an HTA.
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758
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Green BN, Johnson CD, Haldeman S, Griffith E, Clay MB, Kane EJ, Castellote JM, Rajasekaran S, Smuck M, Hurwitz EL, Randhawa K, Yu H, Nordin M. A scoping review of biopsychosocial risk factors and co-morbidities for common spinal disorders. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197987. [PMID: 29856783 PMCID: PMC5983449 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this review was to identify risk factors, prognostic factors, and comorbidities associated with common spinal disorders. METHODS A scoping review of the literature of common spinal disorders was performed through September 2016. To identify search terms, we developed 3 terminology groups for case definitions: 1) spinal pain of unknown origin, 2) spinal syndromes, and 3) spinal pathology. We used a comprehensive strategy to search PubMed for meta-analyses and systematic reviews of case-control studies, cohort studies, and randomized controlled trials for risk and prognostic factors and cross-sectional studies describing associations and comorbidities. RESULTS Of 3,453 candidate papers, 145 met study criteria and were included in this review. Risk factors were reported for group 1: non-specific low back pain (smoking, overweight/obesity, negative recovery expectations), non-specific neck pain (high job demands, monotonous work); group 2: degenerative spinal disease (workers' compensation claim, degenerative scoliosis), and group 3: spinal tuberculosis (age, imprisonment, previous history of tuberculosis), spinal cord injury (age, accidental injury), vertebral fracture from osteoporosis (type 1 diabetes, certain medications, smoking), and neural tube defects (folic acid deficit, anti-convulsant medications, chlorine, influenza, maternal obesity). A range of comorbidities was identified for spinal disorders. CONCLUSION Many associated factors for common spinal disorders identified in this study are modifiable. The most common spinal disorders are co-morbid with general health conditions, but there is a lack of clarity in the literature differentiating which conditions are merely comorbid versus ones that are risk factors. Modifiable risk factors present opportunities for policy, research, and public health prevention efforts on both the individual patient and community levels. Further research into prevention interventions for spinal disorders is needed to address this gap in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart N. Green
- Qualcomm Health Center, Stanford Health Care, San Diego, California, United States of America
- Publications Department, National University of Health Sciences, Lombard, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Claire D. Johnson
- Publications Department, National University of Health Sciences, Lombard, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Scott Haldeman
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- World Spine Care, Santa Ana, California, United States of America
| | - Erin Griffith
- Emergency Medicine, Carlsbad, California, United States of America
| | - Michael B. Clay
- Rehabilitation Care Line, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cincinnati Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Edward J. Kane
- College of Rehabilitative Sciences, Doctor of Physical Therapy Program, University of St. Augustine for Health Sciences, San Marcos, California, United States of America
| | - Juan M. Castellote
- National School of Occupational Medicine, Carlos III Institute of Health, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Matthew Smuck
- Section of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Redwood City, California, United States of America
| | - Eric L. Hurwitz
- Office of Public Health Studies, University of Hawai`i, Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Kristi Randhawa
- UOIT-CMCC Centre for Disability Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Undergraduate Education, Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hainan Yu
- UOIT-CMCC Centre for Disability Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Margareta Nordin
- World Spine Care, Santa Ana, California, United States of America
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America
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759
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Dutta T, Meyerson B, Agley J. African cervical cancer prevention and control plans: A scoping review. J Cancer Policy 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpo.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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760
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Jewett LR, Gumuchian ST, Pepin M, Rice DB, Kolorz F, Harrison P, Thombs BD. Factors associated with negative observer responses towards individuals with visible differences: A scoping review. Body Image 2018. [PMID: 29525737 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
People with visible differences are often confronted with negative observer responses, including stares, disgust, and avoidance. Characteristics of negative observer responses are well-documented, but less is known about associated factors. We conducted a scoping review to map what is known about factors associated with negative observer responses. Web of Science, PubMed, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases were searched, and 16 articles met inclusion criteria. Two general categories of factors were identified: (1) observer characteristics, including age, sex, and socioeconomic status, experiences with disfigurements, and personal beliefs or attitudes related to visible differences; and (2) evolved internal mechanisms, including threat-detection, disgust, and disease avoidance. Additionally, there was evidence that lack of anonymity influences lower reporting of observer reactions. Efforts that increase exposure to individuals with visible differences may ameliorate adverse reactions; however, due to the limited nature of evidence reviewed, further research is needed before more concrete recommendations can be made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa R Jewett
- McGill University, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Stephanie T Gumuchian
- McGill University, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mia Pepin
- McGill University, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Danielle B Rice
- McGill University, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Franziska Kolorz
- McGill University, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Pamela Harrison
- McGill University, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Brett D Thombs
- McGill University, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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761
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Mueller M, D'Addario M, Egger M, Cevallos M, Dekkers O, Mugglin C, Scott P. Methods to systematically review and meta-analyse observational studies: a systematic scoping review of recommendations. BMC Med Res Methodol 2018; 18:44. [PMID: 29783954 PMCID: PMC5963098 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-018-0495-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies are frequently performed, but no widely accepted guidance is available at present. We performed a systematic scoping review of published methodological recommendations on how to systematically review and meta-analyse observational studies. Methods We searched online databases and websites and contacted experts in the field to locate potentially eligible articles. We included articles that provided any type of recommendation on how to conduct systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies. We extracted and summarised recommendations on pre-defined key items: protocol development, research question, search strategy, study eligibility, data extraction, dealing with different study designs, risk of bias assessment, publication bias, heterogeneity, statistical analysis. We summarised recommendations by key item, identifying areas of agreement and disagreement as well as areas where recommendations were missing or scarce. Results The searches identified 2461 articles of which 93 were eligible. Many recommendations for reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies were transferred from guidance developed for reviews and meta-analyses of RCTs. Although there was substantial agreement in some methodological areas there was also considerable disagreement on how evidence synthesis of observational studies should be conducted. Conflicting recommendations were seen on topics such as the inclusion of different study designs in systematic reviews and meta-analyses, the use of quality scales to assess the risk of bias, and the choice of model (e.g. fixed vs. random effects) for meta-analysis. Conclusion There is a need for sound methodological guidance on how to conduct systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies, which critically considers areas in which there are conflicting recommendations. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12874-018-0495-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Mueller
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Maddalena D'Addario
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Egger
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Myriam Cevallos
- CTU Bern, Clinical Trials Unit Bern, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Olaf Dekkers
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Catrina Mugglin
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pippa Scott
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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762
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Santacroce SJ, Tan KR, Killela MK. A systematic scoping review of the recent literature (∼2011-2017) about the costs of illness to parents of children diagnosed with cancer. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2018; 35:22-32. [PMID: 30057080 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study purpose was to map and identify gaps in the recent (∼2011-2017) literature on the costs of illness to parents of children diagnosed with cancer. The costs of illness include direct costs, indirect costs and psychosocial costs. METHODS A systematic scoping review was conducted. Data sources included PubMed, CINAHL, PsychInfo and EconLit. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they were conducted in high-income countries, published in the English language, and reported parent perspectives on direct costs, indirect costs and/or psychosocial costs due to financial costs. RESULTS 25 studies were eligible. Most were conducted in Canada, the USA, or Sweden. The studies used a variety of designs, target populations, time frames and sample sizes. Intervention studies were lacking. Across studies fathers were underrepresented. While no study comprehensively measured costs of illness, more studies used rigorous methods and considered psychosocial costs. Financial costs were measured using a micro-costing or general estimates approach. Psychosocial costs were measured using a variety of PRO measures, some of which were investigator developed. The studies provide evidence that financial toxicity occurs in pediatric oncology. CONCLUSIONS Future studies should comprehensively measure costs using a consistent set of established measures and make efforts to recruit fathers to cost of illness research. Interventions to mitigate financial toxicity are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila Judge Santacroce
- School of Nursing, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
| | - Kelly R Tan
- School of Nursing, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Mary K Killela
- School of Nursing, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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763
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Rainsford S, MacLeod RD, Glasgow NJ, Wilson DM, Phillips CB, Wiles RB. Rural residents' perspectives on the rural 'good death': a scoping review. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2018; 26:273-294. [PMID: 27641713 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.12385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The 'good death' is one objective of palliative care, with many 'good death' viewpoints and research findings reflecting the urban voice. Rural areas are distinct and need special consideration. This scoping review identified and charted current research knowledge on the 'good' rural death through the perspectives of rural residents, including rural patients with a life-limiting illness, to identify evidence and gaps in the literature for future studies. A comprehensive literature search of English language articles (no date filter applied) was conducted in 2016 (2 January to 14 February) using five library databases. Reference lists of included articles, recent issues of eight relevant journals and three grey literature databases were also hand-searched. Twenty articles (for 17 studies and one systematic review) were identified after a two-phase screening process by two reviewers, using pre-determined inclusion criteria. Data from each study were extracted and charted, analysed using a thematic analysis of the included articles' content, and with a quantitative analysis of the scoping review. These papers revealed data collected from rural patients with a life-limiting illness and family caregivers, rural healthcare providers, the wider rural community, rural community leaders and rural health administrators and policy makers. Rural locations were heterogeneous. Residents from developed and developing countries believe a 'good death' is one that is peaceful, free of pain and without suffering; however, this is subjective and priorities are based on personal, cultural, social and religious perspectives. Currently, there is insufficient data to generalise rural residents' perspectives and what it means for them to die well. Given the extreme importance of a 'good death', there is a need for further studies to elicit rural patient and family caregiver perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Rainsford
- Medical School, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Roderick D MacLeod
- HammondCare, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Palliative Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nicholas J Glasgow
- Medical School, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Donna M Wilson
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christine B Phillips
- Medical School, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Robert B Wiles
- Rural Clinical School, Australian National University, Cooma, New South Wales, Australia
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764
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O’Donovan J, O’Donovan C, Kuhn I, Sachs SE, Winters N. Ongoing training of community health workers in low-income andmiddle-income countries: a systematic scoping review of the literature. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e021467. [PMID: 29705769 PMCID: PMC5931295 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-021467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Understanding the current landscape of ongoing training for community health workers (CHWs) in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) is important both for organisations responsible for their training, as well as researchers and policy makers. This scoping review explores this under-researched area by mapping the current delivery implementation and evaluation of ongoing training provision for CHWs in LMICs. DESIGN Systematic scoping review. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE, Embase, AMED, Global Health, Web of Science, Scopus, ASSIA, LILACS, BEI and ERIC. STUDY SELECTION Original studies focusing on the provision of ongoing training for CHWs working in a country defined as low income and middle income according to World Bank Group 2012 classification of economies. RESULTS The scoping review found 35 original studies that met the inclusion criteria. Ongoing training activities for CHWs were described as supervision (n=19), inservice or refresher training (n=13) or a mixture of both (n=3). Although the majority of studies emphasised the importance of providing ongoing training, several studies reported no impact of ongoing training on performance indicators. The majority of ongoing training was delivered inperson; however, four studies reported the use of mobile technologies to support training delivery. The outcomes from ongoing training activities were measured and reported in different ways, including changes in behaviour, attitudes and practice measured in a quantitative manner (n=16), knowledge and skills (n=6), qualitative assessments (n=5) or a mixed methods approach combining one of the aforementioned modalities (n=8). CONCLUSIONS This scoping review highlights the diverse range of ongoing training for CHWs in LMICs. Given the expansion of CHW programmes globally, more attention should be given to the design, delivery, monitoring and sustainability of ongoing training from a health systems strengthening perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Isla Kuhn
- Medical Library, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Niall Winters
- Department of Education, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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765
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Strifler L, Cardoso R, McGowan J, Cogo E, Nincic V, Khan PA, Scott A, Ghassemi M, MacDonald H, Lai Y, Treister V, Tricco AC, Straus SE. Scoping review identifies significant number of knowledge translation theories, models, and frameworks with limited use. J Clin Epidemiol 2018; 100:92-102. [PMID: 29660481 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To conduct a scoping review of knowledge translation (KT) theories, models, and frameworks that have been used to guide dissemination or implementation of evidence-based interventions targeted to prevention and/or management of cancer or other chronic diseases. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING We used a comprehensive multistage search process from 2000 to 2016, which included traditional bibliographic database searching, searching using names of theories, models and frameworks, and cited reference searching. Two reviewers independently screened the literature and abstracted the data. RESULTS We found 596 studies reporting on the use of 159 KT theories, models, or frameworks. A majority (87%) of the identified theories, models, or frameworks were used in five or fewer studies, with 60% used once. The theories, models, and frameworks were most commonly used to inform planning/design, implementation and evaluation activities, and least commonly used to inform dissemination and sustainability/scalability activities. Twenty-six were used across the full implementation spectrum (from planning/design to sustainability/scalability) either within or across studies. All were used for at least individual-level behavior change, whereas 48% were used for organization-level, 33% for community-level, and 17% for system-level change. CONCLUSION We found a significant number of KT theories, models, and frameworks with a limited evidence base describing their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Strifler
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada; Institute of Health Policy Management & Evaluation, University of Toronto, 4th Floor, 155 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 3M6, Canada
| | - Roberta Cardoso
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Jessie McGowan
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, Ontario, K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Elise Cogo
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Vera Nincic
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Paul A Khan
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Alistair Scott
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Marco Ghassemi
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Heather MacDonald
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Yonda Lai
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Victoria Treister
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Andrea C Tricco
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada; Epidemiology Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 6th Floor, 155 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Sharon E Straus
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada; Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Toronto, 27 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A1, Canada.
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766
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Integrated Care Approaches Used for Transitions from Hospital to Community Care: A Scoping Review. Can J Aging 2018; 37:145-170. [PMID: 29631639 DOI: 10.1017/s0714980818000065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACTIntegrated care is a promising approach for improving care transitions for older adults, but this concept is inconsistently defined and applied. This scoping review describes the size and nature of literature on integrated care initiatives for transitions from hospital to community care for older adults (aged 65 and older) and how this literature conceptualizes integrated care. A systematic search of literature from the past 10 years yielded 899 documents that were screened for inclusion by two reviewers. Of the 48 included documents, there were 26 journal articles and 22 grey literature documents. Analysis included descriptive statistics and a content analysis approach to summarize features of the integrated care initiatives. Results suggest that clinical and service delivery integration is being targeted rather than integration of funding, administration, and/or organization. To promote international comparison of integrated care initiatives aiming to improve care transitions, detailed descriptions of organizational context are also needed.
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767
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Niven DJ, McCormick TJ, Straus SE, Hemmelgarn BR, Jeffs L, Barnes TRM, Stelfox HT. Reproducibility of clinical research in critical care: a scoping review. BMC Med 2018; 16:26. [PMID: 29463308 PMCID: PMC5820784 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-018-1018-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ability to reproduce experiments is a defining principle of science. Reproducibility of clinical research has received relatively little scientific attention. However, it is important as it may inform clinical practice, research agendas, and the design of future studies. METHODS We used scoping review methods to examine reproducibility within a cohort of randomized trials examining clinical critical care research and published in the top general medical and critical care journals. To identify relevant clinical practices, we searched the New England Journal of Medicine, The Lancet, and JAMA for randomized trials published up to April 2016. To identify a comprehensive set of studies for these practices, included articles informed secondary searches within other high-impact medical and specialty journals. We included late-phase randomized controlled trials examining therapeutic clinical practices in adults admitted to general medical-surgical or specialty intensive care units (ICUs). Included articles were classified using a reproducibility framework. An original study was the first to evaluate a clinical practice. A reproduction attempt re-evaluated that practice in a new set of participants. RESULTS Overall, 158 practices were examined in 275 included articles. A reproduction attempt was identified for 66 practices (42%, 95% CI 33-50%). Original studies reported larger effects than reproduction attempts (primary endpoint, risk difference 16.0%, 95% CI 11.6-20.5% vs. 8.4%, 95% CI 6.0-10.8%, P = 0.003). More than half of clinical practices with a reproduction attempt demonstrated effects that were inconsistent with the original study (56%, 95% CI 42-68%), among which a large number were reported to be efficacious in the original study and to lack efficacy in the reproduction attempt (34%, 95% CI 19-52%). Two practices reported to be efficacious in the original study were found to be harmful in the reproduction attempt. CONCLUSIONS A minority of critical care practices with research published in high-profile journals were evaluated for reproducibility; less than half had reproducible effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Niven
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, 3134 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 2T9, Canada.
| | - T Jared McCormick
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Ottawa, 1053 Carling Avenue, B302, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4E9, Canada
| | - Sharon E Straus
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Brenda R Hemmelgarn
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Lianne Jeffs
- St. Michael's Hospital Volunteer Association Chair in Nursing and Scientist with the Keenan Research Center, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Institute of Health Policy Management and Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Tavish R M Barnes
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, 3134 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 2T9, Canada
| | - Henry T Stelfox
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, 3134 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 2T9, Canada
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768
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Page MJ, Shamseer L, Tricco AC. Registration of systematic reviews in PROSPERO: 30,000 records and counting. Syst Rev 2018; 7:32. [PMID: 29463298 PMCID: PMC5819709 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-018-0699-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) was launched in February 2011 to increase transparency of systematic reviews (SRs). There have been few investigations of the content and use of the database. We aimed to investigate the number of PROSPERO registrations from inception to 2017, and website usage in the last year. We also aimed to explore the epidemiological characteristics of and completeness of primary outcome pre-specification in a sample of PROSPERO records from 2017. METHODS The PROSPERO database managers provided us with data on the annual and cumulative number of SR registrations up to October 10, 2017, and the number of visits to the PROSPERO website over the year preceding October 10, 2017. One author collected data on the focus of the SR (e.g. therapeutic, diagnostic), health area addressed, funding source and completeness of outcome pre-specification in a random sample of 150 records of SRs registered in PROSPERO between April 1, 2017 and September 30, 2017. RESULTS As of October 10, 2017, there were 26,535 SRs registered in PROSPERO; guided by current monthly submission rates, we anticipate this figure will reach over 30,000 by the end of 2017. There has been a 10-fold increase in registrations, from 63 SRs per month in 2012 to 800 per month in 2017. In the year preceding October 10, 2017, the PROSPERO website received more than 1.75 million page views. In the random sample of 150 registered SRs, the majority were focused on a therapeutic question (78/150 [52%]), while only a few focused on a diagnostic/prognostic question (11/150 [7%]). The 150 registered SRs addressed 18 different health areas. Any information about the primary outcome other than the domain (e.g. timing, effect measures) was not pre-specified in 44/150 records (29%). CONCLUSIONS Registration of SRs in PROSPERO increased rapidly between 2011 and 2017, thus benefiting users of health evidence who want to know about ongoing SRs. Further work is needed to explore how closely published SRs adhere to the planned methods, whether greater pre-specification of outcomes prevents selective inclusion and reporting of study results, and whether registered SRs address necessary questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Page
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
| | - Larissa Shamseer
- Centre for Journalology, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, K1H 8L6, Canada.,School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Andrea C Tricco
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada.,Epidemiology Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada
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769
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Tricco AC, Zarin W, Rios P, Nincic V, Khan PA, Ghassemi M, Diaz S, Pham B, Straus SE, Langlois EV. Engaging policy-makers, health system managers, and policy analysts in the knowledge synthesis process: a scoping review. Implement Sci 2018; 13:31. [PMID: 29433543 PMCID: PMC5809959 DOI: 10.1186/s13012-018-0717-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background It is unclear how to engage a wide range of knowledge users in research. We aimed to map the evidence on engaging knowledge users with an emphasis on policy-makers, health system managers, and policy analysts in the knowledge synthesis process through a scoping review. Methods We used the Joanna Briggs Institute guidance for scoping reviews. Nine electronic databases (e.g., MEDLINE), two grey literature sources (e.g., OpenSIGLE), and reference lists of relevant systematic reviews were searched from 1996 to August 2016. We included any type of study describing strategies, barriers and facilitators, or assessing the impact of engaging policy-makers, health system managers, and policy analysts in the knowledge synthesis process. Screening and data abstraction were conducted by two reviewers independently with a third reviewer resolving discrepancies. Frequency and thematic analyses were conducted. Results After screening 8395 titles and abstracts followed by 394 full-texts, 84 unique documents and 7 companion reports fulfilled our eligibility criteria. All 84 documents were published in the last 10 years, and half were prepared in North America. The most common type of knowledge synthesis with knowledge user engagement was a systematic review (36%). The knowledge synthesis most commonly addressed an issue at the level of national healthcare system (48%) and focused on health services delivery (17%) in high-income countries (86%). Policy-makers were the most common (64%) knowledge users, followed by healthcare professionals (49%) and government agencies as well as patients and caregivers (34%). Knowledge users were engaged in conceptualization and design (49%), literature search and data collection (52%), data synthesis and interpretation (71%), and knowledge dissemination and application (44%). Knowledge users were most commonly engaged as key informants through meetings and workshops as well as surveys, focus groups, and interviews either in-person or by telephone and emails. Knowledge user content expertise/awareness was a common facilitator (18%), while lack of time or opportunity to participate was a common barrier (12%). Conclusions Knowledge users were most commonly engaged during the data synthesis and interpretation phases of the knowledge synthesis conduct. Researchers should document and evaluate knowledge user engagement in knowledge synthesis. Registration details Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/4dy53/). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13012-018-0717-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea C Tricco
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8, Canada. .,Epidemiology Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 6th Floor, 155 College St, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 3M7, Canada.
| | - Wasifa Zarin
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Patricia Rios
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Vera Nincic
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Paul A Khan
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Marco Ghassemi
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Sanober Diaz
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Ba' Pham
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Sharon E Straus
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 27 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Etienne V Langlois
- Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research, World Health Organization, Avenue Appia 20, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
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770
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Hirt J, Buhtz C, Mersdorf B, Meyer G. Repräsentanz von Pflegewissenschaftlerinnen und Pflegewissenschaftlern aus dem deutschsprachigen Raum in Zeitschriften mit hohem Impact Factor. Pflege 2018; 31:31-39. [DOI: 10.1024/1012-5302/a000593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung.Hintergrund: Die Häufigkeit pflegewissenschaftlicher Beiträge aus dem deutschsprachigen Raum in Zeitschriften mit hohem Impact Factor gibt Hinweise auf die Teilhabe der Disziplin am internationalen Diskurs. Bisherige Analysen beschränken sich auf pflegewissenschaftliche Zeitschriften. Diese konstatieren eine Unterrepräsentanz experimenteller Studien und klinischer Themen. Ziel: Identifikation und Analyse der Publikationen von im deutschsprachigen Raum ansässigen Pflegewissenschaftlerinnen/Pflegewissenschaftlern in internationalen pflegerelevanten High Impact Journals. Methode: Mittels Journal Citation Reports wurden pflegerelevante Zeitschriftenkategorien identifiziert, in denen die nach dem 5-Jahres-Impact-Factor höchsten 10 % der Zeitschriften der Jahre 2010 bis 2014 ausgewählt wurden. Der Einschluss der Publikationen und die Datenextraktion erfolgten durch zwei unabhängige Personen. Ergebnisse: Durchsucht wurden 106939 Publikationen aus 126 Zeitschriften. Eingeschlossen wurden 100 Publikationen, an denen 114 Pflegewissenschaftler/-innen aus dem deutschsprachigen Raum insgesamt 229 Mal beteiligt sind. Insgesamt 42 % sind Beobachtungsstudien, 11 % sind experimentelle Studien. Die berichteten Themen sind mehrheitlich klinisch orientiert (55 %). Über 50 % sind in den letzten zwei Jahren publiziert worden. Schlussfolgerungen: Das pflegewissenschaftliche Publikationsaufkommen aus dem deutschsprachigen Raum in High Impact Journals ist gering. Eine Zunahme über den Beobachtungszeitraum ist zu verzeichnen. Im Gegensatz zu früheren Analysen zeigt sich ein höherer Anteil klinischer Forschung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Hirt
- Institut für Gesundheits- und Pflegewissenschaft, Medizinische Fakultät, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg
| | - Christian Buhtz
- Institut für Gesundheits- und Pflegewissenschaft, Medizinische Fakultät, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg
| | - Benedikt Mersdorf
- Institut für Gesundheits- und Pflegewissenschaft, Medizinische Fakultät, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg
| | - Gabriele Meyer
- Institut für Gesundheits- und Pflegewissenschaft, Medizinische Fakultät, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg
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771
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Literature on healthcare reforms highlights the importance of physician engagement, suggesting that it is a critical factor for lowering costs while improving efficiency, quality of care, patient safety, physician satisfaction and retention. As a result, many hospitals have adopted physician engagement as a top strategic priority, but little is known about the actual evidence, making it difficult for hospital leadership to identify relationships between true physician 'work engagement' and work outcomes. The aim of this scoping review is to identify factors associated with, and tools used to measure, physician engagement. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This scoping review will be conducted as per Arksey and O'Malley (2005). The electronic databases that will be searched from inception onwards include MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Grey literature will be searched via websites of relevant agencies such as Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Conferences and abstracts will be viewed and full paper requests made as required. Supplementary articles may be obtained by contacting field experts and searching references of relevant articles. All quantitative and qualitative study designs will be eligible that describe factors associated with, and tools used to measure, hospital physician engagement. After a small calibration exercise, screening and abstraction will be completed separately by two individuals, with discrepancies resolved by a third. Quantitative (frequencies) and qualitative analyses (generation of descriptives) will be conducted. Thematic analysis will be used to evaluate and categorise study findings. IMPLICATIONS AND DISSEMINATION This project is part of the Ontario Hospital Association's (OHA) initiative to improve its understanding of physician engagement. The review findings will be shared with all Ontario hospitals. Dissemination will occur through peer-reviewed publications and to the OHA membership through the OHA Learning and Engagement team.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyrone Perreira
- Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Ontario Hospital Association, Toronto, Canada
| | - Laure Perrier
- University of Toronto Libraries, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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772
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Gupta S, McColl MA, Guilcher SJ, Smith K. Cost-related nonadherence to prescription medications in Canada: a scoping review. Patient Prefer Adherence 2018; 12:1699-1715. [PMID: 30233150 PMCID: PMC6134942 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s170417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The evidence is emerging that prescription medications are the topmost drivers of increasing health care costs in Canada. The financial burden of medications may lead individuals to adopt various rationing or restrictive behaviors, such as cost-related nonadherence (CRNA) to medications. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the type, extent, and quantity of research available on CRNA to prescription drugs in Canada, and evaluate existing gaps in the literature. METHODS The study was conducted using a scoping review methodology. Six databases were searched from inception till June 2017. Articles were considered for inclusion if they focused on extent, determinants, and consequences of CRNA to prescription medication use in the Canadian context. Variables extracted for data charting included author(s), year of publication, study design, the focus of the article, sample size, population characteristics, and key outcomes or results. RESULTS This review found 37 studies that offered evidence on the extent, determinants, and consequences of CRNA to prescription medications in Canada. Depending on the population characteristics and province, the prevalence of CRNA varies between 4% and 36% in Canada. Canadians who are young (between 18 and 64 years), without drug insurance, have lower income or precarious or irregular employment, and high out-of-pocket expenditure on drugs are most likely to face CRNA to their prescriptions. The evidence that CRNA has negative health and social outcomes for patients is insufficient. Literature regarding the influence of prescribing health care professionals on patients' decisions to stop taking medications is limited. There is also a dearth of literature that explores patients' decisions and strategies to manage their prescription cost burden. CONCLUSION More evidence is required to make a strong case for national Pharmacare which can ensure universal, timely, and burden-free access to prescription medications for all Canadians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Gupta
- School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada,
| | - Mary Ann McColl
- School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada,
| | - Sara J Guilcher
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Karen Smith
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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773
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Ghalibaf AK, Nazari E, Gholian-Aval M, Tabesh H, Tara M. Comprehensive overview of computer-based health information tailoring: a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e019215. [PMID: 29284722 PMCID: PMC5770833 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tailoring health information to the needs of individuals has become an important part of modern health communications. Tailoring has been addressed by researchers from different disciplines leading to the emergence of a wide range of approaches, making the newcomers confused. In order to address this, a comprehensive overview of the field with the indications of research gaps, tendencies and trends will be helpful. As a result, a systematic protocol was outlined to conduct a scoping review within the field of computer-based health information tailoring. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This protocol is based on the York's five-stage framework outlined by Arksey and O'Malley. A field-specific structure was defined as a basis for undertaking each stage. The structure comprised three main aspects: system design, information communication and evaluation. Five leading databases were searched: PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, EBSCO and IEEE and a broad search strategy was used with less strict inclusion criteria to cover the breadth of evidence. Theoretical frameworks were used to develop the data extraction form and a rigorous approach was introduced to identify the categories from data. Several explanatory-descriptive methods were considered to analyse the data, from which some were proposed to be employed for the first time in scoping studies. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study investigates the breadth and depth of existing literature on computer-tailoring and as a secondary analysis, does not require ethics approval. We anticipate that the results will identify research gaps and novel ideas for future studies and provide direction to combine methods from different disciplines. The research findings will be submitted for publication to relevant peer-reviewed journals and conferences targeting health promotion and patient education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Kamel Ghalibaf
- Department of Medical Informatics, Students Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elham Nazari
- Department of Medical Informatics, Students Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdi Gholian-Aval
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamed Tabesh
- Department of Medical Informatics, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmood Tara
- Department of Medical Informatics, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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774
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McNaughton S. The long-term impact of undergraduate interprofessional education on graduate interprofessional practice: A scoping review. J Interprof Care 2017; 32:426-435. [PMID: 29271675 DOI: 10.1080/13561820.2017.1417239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Several recent high-quality systematic reviews have identified the importance of measuring outcomes in evaluating the effectiveness of interprofessional education (IPE) in healthcare, but also the process- and context-dependent nature of these outcomes. This paper presents a scoping review, the objectives of which were to evaluate the evidence for the long-term impact of undergraduate IPE on graduate interprofessional practice (IPP) and to identify areas for further research in the specific context of practice-based IPE. An initial search identified 596 potentially relevant titles published between 2008 and 2016. Screening for inclusion of documented IPE with IPP evaluation reduced this to 130. Abstract reading excluded 99 studies that were not longitudinal. Full reading of the remaining 31 articles identified 23 original studies which were analysed descriptively and tabulated. The main findings were synthesised around three themes: undergraduate evidence for a long-term impact of IPE on IPP; graduate evidence for a long-term impact of IPE on IPP; and barriers to an impact of IPE on graduate IPP. Drawing on these findings, research areas likely to produce further evidence for the impact of practice-based IPE on graduate IPP are discussed, along with some suitable methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan McNaughton
- a School of Interprofessional Health Studies, Auckland University of Technology , Auckland , New Zealand
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775
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Mostafavi-Pour-Manshadi SMY, Naderi N, Barrecheguren M, Dehghan A, Bourbeau J. Investigating fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma-COPD overlap (ACO): a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e018954. [PMID: 29273668 PMCID: PMC5778315 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During the last decade, many articles have been published, including reviews on fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) use and utility in clinical practice and for monitoring and identifying eosinophilic airway inflammation, especially in asthma, and evaluating corticosteroid responsiveness. However, the exact role of FeNO in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and its ability to distinguish patients with COPD and those having concomitant asthma, that is, asthma-COPD overlap (ACO) is still unclear and needs to be defined. Due to the broad topics of FeNO in chronic airway disease, we undertook a scoping review. The present article describes the protocol of a scoping review of peer-reviewed published literature specific to FeNO in COPD/ACO over the last decade. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We used Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers' Manual scoping review methodology as well as Levac et al's and Arksey et al's framework as guides. We searched a variety of databases, including Medline, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and BioSciences Information Service (BIOSIS) on 29 June 2016. Additional studies will be recognised by exploring the reference list of identified eligible studies. Screening of eligible studies will be independently performed by two reviewers and any disagreement will be solved by the third reviewer. We will analyse the gathered data from article bibliographies and abstracts. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION To investigate the body of published studies regarding the role of FeNO in patients with COPD and its usefulness in the clinical setting, a scoping review can be used as a modern and pioneer model, which does not need ethics approval. By this review, new insights for conducting new research specific to FeNO in COPD/ACO population will emerge. The results of this study will be reported in the scientific meetings and conferences, which aim to provide information to the clinicians, primary care providers and basic science researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed-Mohammad-Yousof Mostafavi-Pour-Manshadi
- Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Nafiseh Naderi
- Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Miriam Barrecheguren
- Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Pneumology, Vall d’Hebron Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Abolfazl Dehghan
- Department of Medicine, Islamic Azad University-Yazd Branch, Yazd, Iran
| | - Jean Bourbeau
- Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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776
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Swait G, Finch R. What are the risks of manual treatment of the spine? A scoping review for clinicians. Chiropr Man Therap 2017; 25:37. [PMID: 29234493 PMCID: PMC5719861 DOI: 10.1186/s12998-017-0168-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Communicating to patients the risks of manual treatment to the spine is an important, but challenging element of informed consent. This scoping review aimed to characterise and summarise the available literature on risks and to describe implications for clinical practice and research. Method A methodological framework for scoping reviews was followed. Systematic searches were conducted during June 2017. The quantity, nature and sources of literature were described. Findings of included studies were narratively summarised, highlighting key clinical points. Results Two hundred and fifty articles were included. Cases of serious adverse events were reported. Observational studies, randomised studies and systematic reviews were also identified, reporting both benign and serious adverse events.Benign adverse events were reported to occur commonly in adults and children. Predictive factors for risk are unclear, but for neck pain patients might include higher levels of neck disability or cervical manipulation. In neck pain patients benign adverse events may result in poorer short term, but not long term outcomes.Serious adverse event incidence estimates ranged from 1 per 2 million manipulations to 13 per 10,000 patients. Cases are reported in adults and children, including spinal or neurological problems as well as cervical arterial strokes. Case-control studies indicate some association, in the under 45 years age group, between manual interventions and cervical arterial stroke, however it is unclear whether this is causal. Elderly patients have no greater risk of traumatic injury compared with visiting a medical practitioner for neuro-musculoskeletal problems, however some underlying conditions may increase risk. Conclusion Existing literature indicates that benign adverse events following manual treatments to the spine are common, while serious adverse events are rare. The incidence and causal relationships with serious adverse events are challenging to establish, with gaps in the literature and inherent methodological limitations of studies. Clinicians should ensure that patients are informed of risks during the consent process. Since serious adverse events could result from pre-existing pathologies, assessment for signs or symptoms of these is important. Clinicians may also contribute to furthering understanding by utilising patient safety incident reporting and learning systems where adverse events have occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Swait
- The Royal College of Chiropractors, Chiltern Chambers, St. Peters Avenue, Reading, RG4 7DH UK
| | - Rob Finch
- The Royal College of Chiropractors, Chiltern Chambers, St. Peters Avenue, Reading, RG4 7DH UK
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777
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Turner S, D'Lima D, Hudson E, Morris S, Sheringham J, Swart N, Fulop NJ. Evidence use in decision-making on introducing innovations: a systematic scoping review with stakeholder feedback. Implement Sci 2017; 12:145. [PMID: 29202772 PMCID: PMC5715650 DOI: 10.1186/s13012-017-0669-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A range of evidence informs decision-making on innovation in health care, including formal research findings, local data and professional opinion. However, cultural and organisational factors often prevent the translation of evidence for innovations into practice. In addition to the characteristics of evidence, it is known that processes at the individual level influence its impact on decision-making. Less is known about the ways in which processes at the professional, organisational and local system level shape evidence use and its role in decisions to adopt innovations. METHODS A systematic scoping review was used to review the health literature on innovations within acute and primary care and map processes at the professional, organisational and local system levels which influence how evidence informs decision-making on innovation. Stakeholder feedback on the themes identified was collected via focus groups to test and develop the findings. RESULTS Following database and manual searches, 31 studies reporting primary qualitative data met the inclusion criteria: 24 were of sufficient methodological quality to be included in the thematic analysis. Evidence use in decision-making on innovation is influenced by multi-level processes (professional, organisational, local system) and interactions across these levels. Preferences for evidence vary by professional group and health service setting. Organisations can shape professional behaviour by requiring particular forms of evidence to inform decision-making. Pan-regional organisations shape innovation decision-making at lower levels. Political processes at all levels shape the selection and use of evidence in decision-making. CONCLUSIONS The synthesis of results from primary qualitative studies found that evidence use in decision-making on innovation is influenced by processes at multiple levels. Interactions between different levels shape evidence use in decision-making (e.g. professional groups and organisations can use local systems to validate evidence and legitimise innovations, while local systems can tailor or frame evidence to influence activity at lower levels). Organisational leaders need to consider whether the environment in which decisions are made values diverse evidence and stakeholder perspectives. Further qualitative research on decision-making practices that highlights how and why different types of evidence come to count during decisions, and tracks the political aspects of decisions about innovation, is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Turner
- Centre for Primary Care, Division of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Danielle D'Lima
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, UCL Centre for Behaviour Change, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, UK
| | - Emma Hudson
- Department of Applied Health Research, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, UK
| | - Stephen Morris
- Department of Applied Health Research, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, UK
| | - Jessica Sheringham
- Department of Applied Health Research, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, UK
| | - Nick Swart
- Department of Applied Health Research, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, UK
| | - Naomi J Fulop
- Department of Applied Health Research, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, UK
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778
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Screening tools to identify patients with complex health needs at risk of high use of health care services: A scoping review. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188663. [PMID: 29190658 PMCID: PMC5708762 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many people with chronic conditions have complex health needs often due to multiple chronic conditions, psychiatric comorbidities, psychosocial issues, or a combination of these factors. They are at high risk of frequent use of healthcare services. To offer these patients interventions adapted to their needs, it is crucial to be able to identify them early. Objective The aim of this study was to find all existing screening tools that identify patients with complex health needs at risk of frequent use of healthcare services, and to highlight their principal characteristics. Our purpose was to find a short, valid screening tool to identify adult patients of all ages. Methods A scoping review was performed on articles published between 1985 and July 2016, retrieved through a comprehensive search of the Scopus and CINAHL databases, following the methodological framework developed by Arksey and O’Malley (2005), and completed by Levac et al. (2010). Results Of the 3,818 articles identified, 30 were included, presenting 14 different screening tools. Seven tools were self-reported. Five targeted adult patients, and nine geriatric patients. Two tools were designed for specific populations. Four can be completed in 15 minutes or less. Most screening tools target elderly persons. The INTERMED self-assessment (IM-SA) targets adults of all ages and can be completed in less than 15 minutes. Conclusion Future research could evaluate its usefulness as a screening tool for identifying patients with complex needs at risk of becoming high users of healthcare services.
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779
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Handovers in care homes for older people – their type, timing and usefulness. Findings from a scoping review. AGEING & SOCIETY 2017. [DOI: 10.1017/s0144686x17001301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTThere is a considerable body of literature on the importance of effective shift handovers in hospitals and other health-care settings but less is known about the transfer of information between staff starting and completing stints of paid work in care homes. In the first of two articles considering this under-explored topic, we report findings from a scoping review examining what is known about shift-to-shift handovers in care homes for older people and their equivalents. It is based on systematic searches of electronic databases of English-language journals on ageing and internet searches for material published between January 2005 and October 2016. Guidance from the regulatory body for health and social care in England, the Care Quality Commission, highlights the importance of handovers in care homes but the degree to which they are embedded into care home routines appears to be variable, influenced by factors such as workplace culture, shift patterns and the extent to which they involve all those on duty or just those with professional qualifications. Staffing shortages and whether or not members of staff are paid for their time attending handovers appear to be further constraints on their use. We conclude that there is considerable scope for further research in this field to identify and develop good practice.
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780
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Tricco AC, Zarin W, Ghassemi M, Nincic V, Lillie E, Page MJ, Shamseer L, Antony J, Rios P, Hwee J, Veroniki AA, Moher D, Hartling L, Pham B, Straus SE. Same family, different species: methodological conduct and quality varies according to purpose for five types of knowledge synthesis. J Clin Epidemiol 2017; 96:133-142. [PMID: 29103958 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2017.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to characterize methodological conduct, reporting, and quality of five knowledge synthesis (KS) approaches. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING Retrospective analysis of a convenience sample of five published databases of KS approaches: overview of reviews (n = 74), scoping reviews (n = 494), rapid reviews (n = 84), systematic reviews (n = 300), and network meta-analyses (NMAs; n = 456). Data in the five published databases were abstracted by two reviewers independently, any missing data for this retrospective analysis were abstracted by one experienced reviewer. Methods were appraised using the A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) tool. Descriptive analysis was performed. RESULTS Reporting the use of a protocol ranged from 4% for rapid reviews to 32% for systematic reviews. The use of two reviewers for citation and full-text screening ranged from 20% for scoping reviews to 60% for NMAs. Data abstraction was performed in duplicate for 11% of rapid reviews and 54% of NMAs, and for risk of bias appraisal, this ranged from 6% for scoping reviews to 41% for NMAs. NMAs had the highest median percentage of maximum obtainable AMSTAR score (64%; Q1-Q3:45-73%), while scoping reviews had the lowest (25%; Q1-Q3:13-38%). CONCLUSION NMAs consistently scored the highest on the AMSTAR tool likely because the purpose is to estimate treatment effects statistically. Scoping reviews scored the lowest (even after adjusting the score for not relevant items) likely because the purpose is to characterize the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea C Tricco
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada; Epidemiology Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, 6th Floor, Toronto, Ontario M5T 3M7, Canada.
| | - Wasifa Zarin
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Marco Ghassemi
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Vera Nincic
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Erin Lillie
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Matthew J Page
- School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia; School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK
| | - Larissa Shamseer
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, 501 Smyth Road, PO BOX 201B, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Jesmin Antony
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Patricia Rios
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Jeremiah Hwee
- Epidemiology Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, 6th Floor, Toronto, Ontario M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Areti Angeliki Veroniki
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - David Moher
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, 501 Smyth Road, PO BOX 201B, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Lisa Hartling
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, 116 St & 85 Ave, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Ba' Pham
- Toronto Health Economics and Technology Assessment, University of Toronto, 27 Kings College Circle, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Sharon E Straus
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada; Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Toronto, 27 Kings College Circle, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada
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781
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Schultz A, Goertzen L, Rothney J, Wener P, Enns J, Halas G, Katz A. A scoping approach to systematically review published reviews: Adaptations and recommendations. Res Synth Methods 2017; 9:116-123. [PMID: 29032590 DOI: 10.1002/jrsm.1272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge translation is a central focus of the health research community, which includes strategies to synthesize published research to support uptake within health care practice and policy arenas. Within the literature concerning review methodologies, a new discussion has emerged concerning methods that review and synthesize published review articles. In this paper, our multidisciplinary team from family medicine, nursing, dental hygiene, kinesiology, occupational therapy, physiology, population health, clinical psychology, and library sciences contributes to this discussion by sharing our experiences in conducting 3 scoping reviews of published review studies. A brief discussion of Cochrane Collaboration overview reviews and Joanna Briggs Institute umbrella reviews foreshadows a discussion of insights from our experiences of conducting the 3 scoping reviews of published reviews. We address 6 adaptations along with our recommendations for each, which may guide other researchers with designing scoping review approaches to synthesize published reviews. The ability of researchers to publish research findings is growing, and our ability to effectively transfer findings into useful evidence for health care practice and policy is imperative to our work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Schultz
- College of Nursing, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Leah Goertzen
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management and Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Janet Rothney
- Neil John Maclean Health Sciences Library, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Pamela Wener
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Jennifer Enns
- Manitoba Centre for Health Policy, Department of Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Gayle Halas
- Department of Family Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Alan Katz
- Manitoba Centre for Health Policy, Department of Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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782
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Gartshore E, Waring J, Timmons S. Patient safety culture in care homes for older people: a scoping review. BMC Health Serv Res 2017; 17:752. [PMID: 29157257 PMCID: PMC5697159 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-017-2713-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, there has been an increasing focus on the role of safety culture in preventing incidents such as medication errors and falls. However, research and developments in safety culture has predominantly taken place in hospital settings, with relatively less attention given to establishing a safety culture in care homes. Despite safety culture being accepted as an important quality indicator across all health and social care settings, the understanding of culture within social care settings remains far less developed than within hospitals. It is therefore important that the existing evidence base is gathered and reviewed in order to understand safety culture in care homes. METHODS A scoping review was undertaken to describe the availability of evidence related to care homes' patient safety culture, what these studies focused on, and identify any knowledge gaps within the existing literature. Included papers were each reviewed by two authors for eligibility and to draw out information relevant to the scoping review. RESULTS Twenty-four empirical papers and one literature review were included within the scoping review. The collective evidence demonstrated that safety culture research is largely based in the USA, within Nursing Homes rather than Residential Home settings. Moreover, the scoping review revealed that empirical evidence has predominantly used quantitative measures, and therefore the deeper levels of culture have not been captured in the evidence base. CONCLUSIONS Safety culture in care homes is a topic that has not been extensively researched. The review highlights a number of key gaps in the evidence base, which future research into safety culture in care home should attempt to address.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Gartshore
- Centre for Health Innovation Leadership and Learning, Nottingham Business School, Jubilee Campus, Nottingham, NG8 1BB UK
| | - Justin Waring
- Centre for Health Innovation Leadership and Learning, Nottingham Business School, Jubilee Campus, Nottingham, NG8 1BB UK
| | - Stephen Timmons
- Centre for Health Innovation Leadership and Learning, Nottingham Business School, Jubilee Campus, Nottingham, NG8 1BB UK
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783
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Katoba J, Hangulu L, Mashamba-Thompson TP. Evidence of accessibility and utility of point-of-care diagnostics as an integral part of prevention of mother-to-child transmission services: systematic scoping review protocol. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e017884. [PMID: 29102993 PMCID: PMC5695340 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Point-of-care (POC) testing has been shown to help improve healthcare access in resource-limited settings. However, there is paucity of evidence on accessibility of POC testing for prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) in resource-limited settings. We propose to conduct a systematic scoping review to map the evidence on POC testing services for PMTCT. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A scoping review framework, proposed by Arksey and O'Malley, will guide the study. A comprehensive literature search will be performed in the following electronic databases: PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane Central, Google Scholar and databases within EBSCOhost (Medline and CINAHL). The primary research articles published in peer-reviewed journals and grey articles addressing our question will be included. One reviewer will conduct title screening and the results will be exported to endnote library. Two independent reviewers will perform abstract, then full article screening in parallel. The same process shall be employed to extract data from eligible studies. Data analysis will involve a narrative summary of included studies and thematic content analysis aided by NVIVO software V.11. The mixed methods assessment tool will be used to assess the quality of studies that will be included. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval is not applicable to this study. The study findings will be disseminated through publication in a peer-reviewed journal and presentations at conferences related to syphilis, HIV, PMTCT, bacterial infections and POC diagnostics. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42017056267.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliet Katoba
- Discipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Lydia Hangulu
- Discipline of Psychology, School of Applied Human Sciences, College of Humanities, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Tivani Phosa Mashamba-Thompson
- Discipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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784
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Hitch D, Swan J, Pattison R, Stefaniak R. Use of touchscreen tablet technology by people with dementia in homes: A scoping review. J Rehabil Assist Technol Eng 2017; 4:2055668317733382. [PMID: 31186940 PMCID: PMC6453045 DOI: 10.1177/2055668317733382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this scoping review was to identify the range, extent and nature
of research around the use of touchscreen tablets by people with dementia in
their home environment, particularly in regards to its use as a means of
supporting participation in meaningful and socially connected activity. Methods A review of both peer-reviewed and grey literature was undertaken across 61
databases, along with reference list checking for articles published between
2010 and 2016. Results Twelve articles were included in this review, predominantly from Western
European cultures and community-based home environments. The studies were
exploratory in nature, with the majority focusing on the development of
applications for people with dementia. Conclusions The study identified a range of exploratory research related to the use of
touchscreen tablets by people with dementia. However, there were significant
gaps within this evidence base, which provide opportunities for further
research using more robust methodologies. Given the ubiquitous nature of
touchscreen tablets in modern communities, further research could facilitate
their use as a minimally stigmatizing and culturally appropriate form of
support for people with dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Hitch
- North Western Mental Health, Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jodie Swan
- North Western Mental Health, Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ruth Pattison
- North Western Mental Health, Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rachel Stefaniak
- North Western Mental Health, Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
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785
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Glonti K, Cauchi D, Cobo E, Boutron I, Moher D, Hren D. A scoping review protocol on the roles and tasks of peer reviewers in the manuscript review process in biomedical journals. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e017468. [PMID: 29061619 PMCID: PMC5665269 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The primary functions of peer reviewers are poorly defined. Thus far no body of literature has systematically identified the roles and tasks of peer reviewers of biomedical journals. A clear establishment of these can lead to improvements in the peer review process. The purpose of this scoping review is to determine what is known on the roles and tasks of peer reviewers. METHODS We will use the methodological framework first proposed by Arksey and O'Malley and subsequently adapted by Levac et al and the Joanna Briggs Institute. The scoping review will include all study designs, as well as editorials, commentaries and grey literature. The following eight electronic databases will be searched (from inception to May 2017): Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Educational Resources Information Center, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus and Web of Science. Two reviewers will use inclusion and exclusion criteria based on the 'Population-Concept-Context' framework to independently screen titles and abstracts of articles considered for inclusion. Full-text screening of relevant eligible articles will also be carried out by two reviewers. The search strategy for grey literature will include searching in websites of existing networks, biomedical journal publishers and organisations that offer resources for peer reviewers. In addition we will review journal guidelines to peer reviewers on how to perform the manuscript review. Journals will be selected using the 2016 journal impact factor. We will identify and assess the top five, middle five and lowest-ranking five journals across all medical specialties. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This scoping review will undertake a secondary analysis of data already collected and does not require ethical approval. The results will be disseminated through journals and conferences targeting stakeholders involved in peer review in biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ketevan Glonti
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Split, Split, Croatia
- METHODS Team, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Research Centre, UMR 1153, INSERM, Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | | | - Erik Cobo
- Statistics and Operations Research Department, Barcelona-Tech,Universitat Politecnica Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabelle Boutron
- METHODS Team, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Research Centre, UMR 1153, INSERM, Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - David Moher
- Centre for Journalology, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Darko Hren
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Split, Split, Croatia
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786
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Research Foundations for Evidence-Informed Early Childhood Intervention Performance Checklists. EDUCATION SCIENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/educsci7040078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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787
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Jesus TS, Papadimitriou C, Pinho CS, Hoenig H. Key Characteristics of Rehabilitation Quality Improvement Publications: Scoping Review From 2010 to 2016. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2017; 99:1141-1148.e4. [PMID: 28965737 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2017.08.491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize the peer-reviewed quality improvement (QI) literature in rehabilitation. DATA SOURCES Five electronic databases were searched for English-language articles from 2010 to 2016. Keywords for QI and safety management were searched for in combination with keywords for rehabilitation content and journals. Secondary searches (eg, references-list scanning) were also performed. STUDY SELECTION Two reviewers independently selected articles using working definitions of rehabilitation and QI study types; of 1016 references, 112 full texts were assessed for eligibility. DATA EXTRACTION Reported study characteristics including study focus, study setting, use of inferential statistics, stated limitations, and use of improvement cycles and theoretical models were extracted by 1 reviewer, with a second reviewer consulted whenever inferences or interpretation were involved. DATA SYNTHESIS Fifty-nine empirical rehabilitation QI studies were found: 43 reporting on local QI activities, 7 reporting on QI effectiveness research, 8 reporting on QI facilitators or barriers, and 1 systematic review of a specific topic. The number of publications had significant yearly growth between 2010 and 2016 (P=.03). Among the 43 reports on local QI activities, 23.3% did not explicitly report any study limitations; 39.5% did not used inferential statistics to measure the QI impact; 95.3% did not cite/mention the appropriate reporting guidelines; only 18.6% reported multiple QI cycles; just over 50% reported using a model to guide the QI activity; and only 7% reported the use of a particular theoretical model. Study sites and focuses were diverse; however, nearly a third (30.2%) examined early mobilization in intensive care units. CONCLUSIONS The number of empirical, peer-reviewed rehabilitation QI publications is growing but remains a tiny fraction of rehabilitation research publications. Rehabilitation QI studies could be strengthened by greater use of extant models and theory to guide the QI work, consistent reporting of study limitations, and use of inferential statistics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago S Jesus
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine & World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Health Workforce Policy and Planning, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | | | - Cátia S Pinho
- ISVOUGA-Superior Institute of Entre Douro e Vouga, Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal
| | - Helen Hoenig
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Service, Durham Veterans Administration Medical Center, Durham, NC; Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
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788
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Carr PJ, Higgins NS, Cooke ML, Rippey J, Rickard CM. Tools, Clinical Prediction Rules, and Algorithms for the Insertion of Peripheral Intravenous Catheters in Adult Hospitalized Patients: A Systematic Scoping Review of Literature. J Hosp Med 2017; 12:851-858. [PMID: 28991954 DOI: 10.12788/jhm.2836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND First-time peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) insertion success is dependent on patient, clinician, and product factors. Failed PIVC insertion are an under-recognized clinical phenomenon. OBJECTIVE To provide a scoping review of decision aids for PIVC insertion including tools, clinical prediction rules, and algorithms (TRAs) and their findings on factors associated with insertion success. METHODS In June 2016, a systematic literature search was performed using the medical subject heading of peripheral catheterization and tool* or rule* or algorithm*. Data extraction included clinician, patient, and/or product variables associated with PIVC insertion success. Information about TRA reliability, validity, responsiveness, and utility was also extracted. RESULTS We screened 36 studies, and included 13 for review. Seven papers reported insertion success ranging from 61%-90% (4030 insertion attempts), 6 on validity, and 5 on reliability, with none reporting on responsiveness and utility. Failed insertions were associated with obesity (odds ratio [OR], 0.71-1.7; 2 studies) and smaller gauge PIVCs (OR, 6.4; 95% Confidence Interval [CI}, 3.4-11.9). Successful inser tions were associated with visible veins (OR, 0.87-3.63; 3 studies) or palpable veins (OR, 0.79-5.05; 3 studies) and inserters with greater procedural volume (OR, 4.4; 95% CI, 1.6-12.1) or who predicted that insertion would be successful (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.04-1.07). Definitions of insertion difficulty are heterogeneous such as time to insert to a number of failed attempts. CONCLUSIONS Few well-validated reliable TRAs exist for PIVC insertion. Patients would benefit from a validated, clinically pragmatic TRA that matches insertion difficulty with clinician competency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Carr
- Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia.
- Alliance for Vascular Access Teaching and Research Group, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Niall S Higgins
- Alliance for Vascular Access Teaching and Research Group, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Marie L Cooke
- Alliance for Vascular Access Teaching and Research Group, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - James Rippey
- Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia
- Alliance for Vascular Access Teaching and Research Group, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
- Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Claire M Rickard
- Alliance for Vascular Access Teaching and Research Group, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
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789
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Sav A, Salehi A, Mair FS, McMillan SS. Measuring the burden of treatment for chronic disease: implications of a scoping review of the literature. BMC Med Res Methodol 2017; 17:140. [PMID: 28899342 PMCID: PMC5596495 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-017-0411-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although there has been growing research on the burden of treatment, the current state of evidence on measuring this concept is unknown. This scoping review aimed to provide an overview of the current state of knowledge as well as clear recommendations for future research, within the context of chronic disease. METHODS Four health-based databases, Scopus, CINAHL, Medline, and PsychInfo, were comprehensively searched for peer-reviewed articles published between the periods of 2000-2016. Titles and abstracts were independently read by two authors. All discrepancies between the authors were resolved by a third author. Data was extracted using a standardized proforma and a comparison analysis was used in order to explore the key treatment burden measures and categorize them into three groups. RESULTS Database searching identified 1458 potential papers. After removal of duplications, and irrelevant articles by title, 1102 abstracts remained. An additional 22 papers were added via snowball searching. In the end, 101 full papers were included in the review. A large number of the studies involved quantitative measures and conceptualizations of treatment burden (n = 64; 63.4%), and were conducted in North America (n = 49; 48.5%). There was significant variation in how the treatment burden experienced by those with chronic disease was operationalized and measured. CONCLUSION Despite significant work, there is still much ground to cover to comprehensively measure treatment burden for chronic disease. Greater qualitative focus, more research with cultural and minority populations, a larger emphasis on longitudinal studies and the consideration of the potential effects of "identity" on treatment burden, should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adem Sav
- School of Allied Health, Australian Catholic University, Banyo, Queensland, Australia. .,, PO Box 456, Virginia, 4014, Australia.
| | - Asiyeh Salehi
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, University Drive, Meadowbrook, QLD, Australia
| | - Frances S Mair
- General Practice and Primary Care, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Sara S McMillan
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, University Drive, Meadowbrook, QLD, Australia
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790
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Cardoso R, Zarin W, Nincic V, Barber SL, Gulmezoglu AM, Wilson C, Wilson K, McDonald H, Kenny M, Warren R, Straus SE, Tricco AC. Evaluative reports on medical malpractice policies in obstetrics: a rapid scoping review. Syst Rev 2017; 6:181. [PMID: 28874176 PMCID: PMC5586050 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-017-0569-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical specialty of obstetrics is under particular scrutiny with increasing litigation costs and unnecessary tests and procedures done in attempts to prevent litigation. We aimed to identify reports evaluating or comparing the effectiveness of medical liability reforms and quality improvement strategies in improving litigation-related outcomes in obstetrics. METHODS We conducted a rapid scoping review with a 6-week timeline. MEDLINE, EMBASE, LexisNexis Academic, the Legal Scholarship Network, Justis, LegalTrac, QuickLaw, and HeinOnline were searched for publications in English from 2004 until June 2015. The selection criteria for screening were established a priori and pilot-tested. We included reports comparing or evaluating the impact of obstetrics-related medical liability reforms and quality improvement strategies on cost containment and litigation settlement across all countries. All levels of screening were done by two reviewers independently, and discrepancies were resolved by a third reviewer. In addition, two reviewers independently extracted relevant data using a pre-tested form, and discrepancies were resolved by a third reviewer. The results were summarized descriptively. RESULTS The search resulted in 2729 citations, of which 14 reports met our eligibility criteria. Several initiatives for improving the medical malpractice litigation system were found, including no-fault approaches, patient safety policy initiatives, communication and resolution, caps on compensation and attorney fees, alternative payment system and liabilities, and limitations on litigation. CONCLUSIONS Only a few litigation policies in obstetrics were evaluated or compared. Included documents showed that initiatives to reduce medical malpractice litigation could be associated with a decrease in adverse and malpractice events. However, due to heterogeneous settings (e.g., economic structure, healthcare system) and variation in the outcomes reported, the advantages and disadvantages of initiatives may vary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Cardoso
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Wasifa Zarin
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Vera Nincic
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | | | - Ahmet Metin Gulmezoglu
- Department of Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Genève, Switzerland
| | - Charlotte Wilson
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Katherine Wilson
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Heather McDonald
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Meghan Kenny
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Rachel Warren
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Sharon E Straus
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea C Tricco
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada. .,Epidemiology Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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791
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Growing evidence points for the need to publish study protocols in the health field. The aim of this paper was to observe whether the growing interest in publishing study protocols in the broader health field has been translated into increased publications of rehabilitation study protocols. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION PubMed was searched with appropriate combinations of Medical Subject Headings up to December 2014. The effective presence of study protocols was manually screened. Regression models analyzed the yearly growth of publications. Two-sample Z-tests analyzed whether the proportion of systematic reviews (SRs) and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) among study protocols differed from that of the same designs for the broader rehabilitation research. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Up to December 2014, 746 publications of rehabilitation study protocols were identified, with an exponential growth since 2005 (r2=0.981; P<0.001). RCT protocols were the most common among rehabilitation study protocols (83%), while RCTs were significantly more prevalent among study protocols than among the broader rehabilitation research (83% vs. 35.8%; P<0.001). For SRs, the picture was reversed: significantly less common among study protocols (2.8% vs. 9.3%; P<0.001). Funding was more often reported by rehabilitation study protocols than the broader rehabilitation research (90% vs. 53.1%; P<0.001). Rehabilitation journals published a significantly lower share of rehabilitation study protocols than they did for the broader rehabilitation research (1.8% vs.16.7%; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Identifying the reasons for these discrepancies and reverting unwarranted disparities (e.g. low rate of publication for rehabilitation SR protocols) are likely new avenues for rehabilitation research and its publication. SRs, particularly those aggregating RCT results, are considered the best standard of evidence to guide rehabilitation clinical practice; however, that standard can be improved in rigor and/or transparency if the publications of rehabilitation SRs protocols become more common.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago S Jesus
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM) & WHO Collaborating Centre for Health Workforce Policy and Planning, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal -
| | - Heather L Colquhoun
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Rehabilitation Sciences Institute (RSI), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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792
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DuBois D, Lymer E, Gibson BE, Desarkar P, Nalder E. Assessing Sensory Processing Dysfunction in Adults and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Scoping Review. Brain Sci 2017; 7:brainsci7080108. [PMID: 28825635 PMCID: PMC5575628 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci7080108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensory reactivity is a diagnostic criterion for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and has been associated with poorer functional outcomes, behavioral difficulties, and autism severity across the lifespan. Yet, there is little consensus on best practice approaches to assessing sensory processing dysfunction in adolescents and adults with ASD. Despite growing evidence that sensory symptoms persist into adolescence and adulthood, there is a lack of norms for older age groups, and pediatric assessments may not target appropriate functional outcomes or environments. This review identified approaches used to measure sensory processing in the scientific literature, and to describe and compare these approaches to current best practice guidelines that can be incorporated into evidence-based practice. Method and Analysis: A search of scientific databases and grey literature (professional association and ASD society websites), from January 1987–May 2017, uncovered 4769 articles and 12 clinical guidelines. Study and sample characteristics were extracted, charted, and categorized according to assessment approach. Results: There were 66 articles included after article screening. Five categories of assessment approaches were identified: Self- and Proxy-Report Questionnaires, Psychophysical Assessment, Direct Behavioral Observation, Qualitative Interview Techniques, and Neuroimaging/EEG. Sensory research to date has focused on individuals with high-functioning ASD, most commonly through the use of self-report questionnaires. The Adolescent and Adult Sensory Profile (AASP) is the most widely used assessment measure (n = 22), however, a number of other assessment approaches may demonstrate strengths specific to the ASD population. Multi-method approaches to assessment (e.g., combining psychophysical or observation with questionnaires) may have clinical applicability to interdisciplinary clinical teams serving adolescents and adults with ASD. Contribution: A comprehensive knowledge of approaches is critical in the clinical assessment of a population characterized by symptomatic heterogeneity and wide-ranging cognitive profiles. This review should inform future development of international interdisciplinary clinical guidelines on sensory processing assessment in ASD across the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise DuBois
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada.
- Adult Neurodevelopmental Service, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M6J 1H4, Canada.
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada.
| | - Erin Lymer
- Adult Neurodevelopmental Service, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M6J 1H4, Canada.
| | - Barbara E Gibson
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada.
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON M4G 1R8, Canada.
| | - Pushpal Desarkar
- Adult Neurodevelopmental Service, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M6J 1H4, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada.
- Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health; Toronto, ON M6J 1H4, Canada.
| | - Emily Nalder
- Adult Neurodevelopmental Service, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M6J 1H4, Canada.
- March of Dimes Canada, Toronto, ON M4H 1A4, Canada.
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793
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Mbuagbaw L, Cockburn L. Challenges and opportunities in country-specific research synthesis: a case study from Cameroon. Syst Rev 2017; 6:159. [PMID: 28789669 PMCID: PMC5549358 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-017-0552-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research synthesis is an important approach to summarizing a body of literature. Usually, the goal is to determine the effectiveness of an intervention, to determine the strength of association between two factors, to determine the prevalence of a condition, or to scope the literature. Research synthesis methods can also be used to appraise the quantity and quality of research output from institutions or countries. In the latter case, standard quantitative systematic review methodologies would not apply and investigators must borrow strategies from qualitative syntheses and bibliometric analyses to develop a complete and meaningful appraisal of the literature from a given country. METHODS In this paper, we use the example of Cameroon to highlight some of the challenges and opportunities of appraising a body of country-specific literature. A comprehensive and exhaustive search of the literature was conducted to identify health-related literature from Cameroon published from 2005 to 2014. Titles were screened in duplicate. RESULTS A total of 8624 studies were retrieved of which 721 were retained. The main challenges were making a choice of synthesis approach; selecting the right databases, data storage and management; and sustaining the team. Key opportunities include enhanced networking, a detailed appraisal of funding sources, international collaborations, language of publication, and issues with study design. The product is a comprehensive and informative body of evidence that can be used to inform policy with regards to international collaboration, location of research studies, language of publication, knowledge areas of focus, and gaps. CONCLUSION Knowledge synthesis approaches can be adapted for appraisal of country-specific research and offer opportunities for in-depth appraisal of research output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence Mbuagbaw
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. .,Biostatistics Unit, Father Sean O'Sullivan Research Centre, St Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, L8N 4A6, Canada. .,Centre for the Development of Best Practices in Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Lynn Cockburn
- Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,International Centre for Disability and Rehabilitation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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794
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Winkler P, Krupchanka D, Roberts T, Kondratova L, Machů V, Höschl C, Sartorius N, Van Voren R, Aizberg O, Bitter I, Cerga-Pashoja A, Deljkovic A, Fanaj N, Germanavicius A, Hinkov H, Hovsepyan A, Ismayilov FN, Ivezic SS, Jarema M, Jordanova V, Kukić S, Makhashvili N, Šarotar BN, Plevachuk O, Smirnova D, Voinescu BI, Vrublevska J, Thornicroft G. A blind spot on the global mental health map: a scoping review of 25 years' development of mental health care for people with severe mental illnesses in central and eastern Europe. Lancet Psychiatry 2017; 4:634-642. [PMID: 28495549 DOI: 10.1016/s2215-0366(17)30135-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Just over 25 years have passed since the major sociopolitical changes in central and eastern Europe; our aim was to map and analyse the development of mental health-care practice for people with severe mental illnesses in this region since then. A scoping review was complemented by an expert survey in 24 countries. Mental health-care practice in the region differs greatly across as well as within individual countries. National policies often exist but reforms remain mostly in the realm of aspiration. Services are predominantly based in psychiatric hospitals. Decision making on resource allocation is not transparent, and full economic evaluations of complex interventions and rigorous epidemiological studies are lacking. Stigma seems to be higher than in other European countries, but consideration of human rights and user involvement are increasing. The region has seen respectable development, which happened because of grassroots initiatives supported by international organisations, rather than by systematic implementation of government policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Winkler
- Department of Social Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic; Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Dzmitry Krupchanka
- Department of Social Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic; Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; Institute of Global Health, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tessa Roberts
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Lucie Kondratova
- Department of Social Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Vendula Machů
- Department of Social Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Cyril Höschl
- Department of Social Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Norman Sartorius
- Association for the Improvement of Mental Health Programmes, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Robert Van Voren
- Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia; Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania; Human Rights in Mental Health-FGIP, Hilversum, Netherlands
| | - Oleg Aizberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Narcology, Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Istvan Bitter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Arlinda Cerga-Pashoja
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Azra Deljkovic
- Mental Health Center, Health Care Center Pljevlja, Pljevlja, Montenegro
| | | | - Arunas Germanavicius
- Clinic of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Hristo Hinkov
- National Center for Public Health and Analyses, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Aram Hovsepyan
- Department of Psychiatry, Yerevan State Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Fuad N Ismayilov
- Department of Psychiatry, Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, Azerbaijan; National Mental Health Centre, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Sladana Strkalj Ivezic
- Croatian Medical Association, Zagreb, Croatia; Croatian Society for Clinical Psychiatry, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marek Jarema
- 3rd Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Vesna Jordanova
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Selma Kukić
- Mental Health Project in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Nino Makhashvili
- Mental Health Resource Centre, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia; Foundation Global Initiative on Psychiatry-Tbilisi, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Brigita Novak Šarotar
- University Psychiatric Clinic Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Oksana Plevachuk
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychology and Sexology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Daria Smirnova
- Department of Psychiatry, Narcology, Psychotherapy and Clinical Psychology, Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russia
| | - Bogdan Ioan Voinescu
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jelena Vrublevska
- Department of Psychiatry and Narcology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Graham Thornicroft
- Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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795
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Holopainen A, Siltanen H, Pohjanvuori A, Mäkisalo-Ropponen M, Okkonen E. Factors Associated with the Quality of Life of People with Dementia and with Quality of Life-Improving Interventions: Scoping Review. DEMENTIA 2017; 18:1507-1537. [DOI: 10.1177/1471301217716725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Objectives To synthesise current research exploring the factors and interventions associated with the quality of life of people with dementia. Background Dementia is a progressive condition affecting an estimated 40 million people worldwide. The illness has a significant impact on the lives of the persons affected and their loved ones, and may thus impair the quality of life of both. As it progresses, dementia weakens the patients’ ability to express their own views about their quality of life and the factors associated with it. Design Scoping review. Data sources Electronic database search of MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Joanna Briggs Institute Library, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE), EMBASE, Medic published up to March 2016; and incremental hand search. Review method: Systematic or other kinds of reviews and single studies were included for the review if they met the inclusion criteria. Results: A total of 20 reviews and 7 primary studies were retained for synthesis. Key findings were abstracted and a themes matrix was generated to identify patterns of meaning. The factors associated with the quality of life of people with dementia were sociodemographic factors, factors related to dementia and social and caring environment. Interventions supporting quality of life focused on the activation of people with dementia. Conclusions: This scoping review identified a large body of knowledge exploring the factors and interventions associated with the quality of life of people with dementia. The interventions were heterogeneous and the sample sizes small, which is why more research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arja Holopainen
- Nursing Research Foundation, Helsinki, Finland; The Finnish Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care: A Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence, Helsinki, Finland; The WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannele Siltanen
- Nursing Research Foundation, Helsinki, Finland; The Finnish Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care: A Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - Eila Okkonen
- The Alzheimer Society of Finland, Helsinki, Finland
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796
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Moore L, Boukar KM, Tardif PA, Stelfox HT, Champion H, Cameron P, Gabbe B, Yanchar N, kortbeek J, Lauzier F, Légaré F, Archambault P, Turgeon AF. Low-value clinical practices in injury care: a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e016024. [PMID: 28706101 PMCID: PMC5726053 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Preventable injuries lead to 200 000 hospital stays, 60 000 disabilities, and 13 000 deaths per year in Canada with direct costs of $20 billion. Overall, potentially unnecessary medical interventions are estimated to consume up to 30% of healthcare resources and may expose patients to avoidable harm. However, little is known about overuse for acute injury care. We aim to identify low-value clinical practices in injury care. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will perform a scoping review of peer-reviewed and non-peer-reviewed literature to identify research articles, reviews, recommendations and guidelines that identify at least one low-value clinical practice specific to injury populations. We will search Medline, EMBASE, COCHRANE central, and BIOSIS/Web of Knowledge databases, websites of government agencies, professional societies and patient advocacy organisations, thesis holdings and conference proceedings. Pairs of independent reviewers will evaluate studies for eligibility and extract data from included articles using a prepiloted and standardised electronic data abstraction form. Low-value clinical practices will be categorised using an extension of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality conceptual framework and data will be presented using narrative synthesis. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval is not required as original data will not be collected. This study will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal, international scientific meetings, and to knowledge users through clinical and healthcare quality associations. This review will contribute new knowledge on low-value clinical practices in acute injury care. Our results will support the development indicators to measure resource overuse and inform policy makers on potential targets for deadoption in injury care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynne Moore
- Department of Social and Preventative Medicine, Université Laval, Québec (Qc), Canada
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit, Trauma – Emergency – Critical Care Medicine, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec (Hôpital de l’Enfant-Jésus), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Khadidja Malloum Boukar
- Department of Social and Preventative Medicine, Université Laval, Québec (Qc), Canada
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit, Trauma – Emergency – Critical Care Medicine, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec (Hôpital de l’Enfant-Jésus), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Pier-Alexandre Tardif
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit, Trauma – Emergency – Critical Care Medicine, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec (Hôpital de l’Enfant-Jésus), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Henry T Stelfox
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, Medicine and Community Health Sciences, O’Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | | | - Peter Cameron
- The Alfred Hospital, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Belinda Gabbe
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Natalie Yanchar
- Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - John kortbeek
- Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - François Lauzier
- Department of Social and Preventative Medicine, Université Laval, Québec (Qc), Canada
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit, Trauma – Emergency – Critical Care Medicine, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec (Hôpital de l’Enfant-Jésus), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - France Légaré
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
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797
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Abstract
Purpose: This scoping review identifies the foci of research articles that address government laws, policies and programs designed to foster labour market integration of people who, due to illness or disability, face challenges entering or staying in the workforce. Method: A systematic search of English-language peer-reviewed articles published between 2000 and 2014 yielded 14,474 articles. Title and abstract review identified 723 included articles that addressed government-led programs, policy or legislation on work integration and/or income support after injury, illness or impairment. These were sorted by theme, work disability program or policy, disability type, jurisdiction and year published. Results: The number of articles published that address work disability laws, policies and programs increased steadily. Most articles addressed disability in general. Among articles with a specific health focus, mental health was the most common. Research gaps are identified for mixed method study designs, chronic and episodic conditions, illness and cancer, and for work disability policy studies outside of North America, Northern Europe and Australia. Conclusions: We find a growing number of published articles about work disability and policy and identify specific areas where is a need for further research.
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798
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Balikuddembe MS, Tumwesigye NM, Wakholi PK, Tylleskär T. Computerized Childbirth Monitoring Tools for Health Care Providers Managing Labor: A Scoping Review. JMIR Med Inform 2017; 5:e14. [PMID: 28619702 PMCID: PMC5491898 DOI: 10.2196/medinform.6959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Proper monitoring of labor and childbirth prevents many pregnancy-related complications. However, monitoring is still poor in many places partly due to the usability concerns of support tools such as the partograph. In 2011, the World Health Organization (WHO) called for the development and evaluation of context-adaptable electronic health solutions to health challenges. Computerized tools have penetrated many areas of health care, but their influence in supporting health staff with childbirth seems limited. Objective The objective of this scoping review was to determine the scope and trends of research on computerized labor monitoring tools that could be used by health care providers in childbirth management. Methods We used key terms to search the Web for eligible peer-reviewed and gray literature. Eligibility criteria were a computerized labor monitoring tool for maternity service providers and dated 2006 to mid-2016. Retrieved papers were screened to eliminate ineligible papers, and consensus was reached on the papers included in the final analysis. Results We started with about 380,000 papers, of which 14 papers qualified for the final analysis. Most tools were at the design and implementation stages of development. Three papers addressed post-implementation evaluations of two tools. No documentation on clinical outcome studies was retrieved. The parameters targeted with the tools varied, but they included fetal heart (10 of 11 tools), labor progress (8 of 11), and maternal status (7 of 11). Most tools were designed for use in personal computers in low-resource settings and could be customized for different user needs. Conclusions Research on computerized labor monitoring tools is inadequate. Compared with other labor parameters, there was preponderance to fetal heart monitoring and hardly any summative evaluation of the available tools. More research, including clinical outcomes evaluation of computerized childbirth monitoring tools, is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Balikuddembe
- Center for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Mulago National Referral and Teaching Hospital, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Nazarius M Tumwesigye
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Peter K Wakholi
- School of Computing & Informatics Technology, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
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799
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Babatunde F, MacDermid J, MacIntyre N. Characteristics of therapeutic alliance in musculoskeletal physiotherapy and occupational therapy practice: a scoping review of the literature. BMC Health Serv Res 2017; 17:375. [PMID: 28558746 PMCID: PMC5450083 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-017-2311-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Most conventional treatment for musculoskeletal conditions continue to show moderate effects, prompting calls for ways to increase effectiveness, including drawing from strategies used across other health conditions. Therapeutic alliance refers to the relational processes at play in treatment which can act in combination or independently of specific interventions. Current evidence guiding the use of therapeutic alliance in health care arises largely from psychotherapy and medicine literature. The objective of this review was to map out the available literature on therapeutic alliance conceptual frameworks, themes, measures and determinants in musculoskeletal rehabilitation across physiotherapy and occupational therapy disciplines. Methods A scoping review of the literature published in English since inception to July 2015 was conducted using Medline, EMBASE, PsychINFO, PEDro, SportDISCUS, AMED, OTSeeker, AMED and the grey literature. A key search term strategy was employed using “physiotherapy”, “occupational therapy”, “therapeutic alliance”, and “musculoskeletal” to identify relevant studies. All searches were performed between December 2014 and July 2015 with an updated search on January 2017. Two investigators screened article title, abstract and full text review for articles meeting the inclusion criteria and extracted therapeutic alliance data and details of each study. Results One hundred and thirty articles met the inclusion criteria including quantitative (33%), qualitative (39%), mixed methods (7%) and reviews and discussions (23%) and most data came from the USA (23%). Randomized trials and systematic reviews were 4.6 and 2.3% respectively. Low back pain condition (22%) and primary care (30.7%) were the most reported condition and setting respectively. One theory, 9 frameworks, 26 models, 8 themes and 42 subthemes of therapeutic alliance were identified. Twenty-six measures were identified; the Working Alliance Inventory (WAI) was the most utilized measure (13%). Most of the therapeutic alliance themes extracted were from patient perspectives. The relationship between adherence and therapeutic alliance was examined by 26 articles of which 57% showed some correlation between therapeutic alliance and adherence. Age moderated the relationship between therapeutic alliance and adherence with younger individuals and an autonomy support environment reporting improved adherence. Prioritized goals, autonomy support and motivation were facilitators of therapeutic alliance. Conclusion Therapeutic Alliance has been studied in a limited extent in the rehabilitation literature with conflicting frameworks and findings. Potential benefits described for enhancing therapeutic alliance might include better exercise adherence. Several knowledge gaps have been identified with a potential for generating future research priorities for therapeutic alliance in musculoskeletal rehabilitation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12913-017-2311-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Folarin Babatunde
- School of rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, 1400 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 1C7, Canada.
| | - Joy MacDermid
- School of rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, 1400 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 1C7, Canada.,Hand and Upper Limb Centre, St Joseph Hospital, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Physical Therapy, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Norma MacIntyre
- School of rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, 1400 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 1C7, Canada
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800
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O'Connor SR, Dempster M, McCorry NK. Identifying models of delivery, care domains and quality indicators relevant to palliative day services: a scoping review protocol. Syst Rev 2017; 6:100. [PMID: 28511720 PMCID: PMC5434637 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-017-0489-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With an ageing population and increasing numbers of people with life-limiting illness, there is a growing demand for palliative day services. There is a need to measure and demonstrate the quality of these services, but there is currently little agreement on which aspects of care should be used to do this. The aim of the scoping review will be to map the extent, range and nature of the evidence around models of delivery, care domains and existing quality indicators used to evaluate palliative day services. METHODS Electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) will be searched for evidence using consensus development methods; randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trials; mixed methods; and prospective, longitudinal or retrospective case-control studies to develop or test quality indicators for evaluating palliative care within non-residential settings, including day hospices and community or primary care settings. At least two researchers will independently conduct all searches, study selection and data abstraction procedures. Meta-analyses and statistical methods of synthesis are not planned as part of the review. Results will be reported using numerical counts, including number of indicators in each care domain and by using qualitative approach to describe important indicator characteristics. A conceptual model will also be developed to summarise the impact of different aspects of quality in a palliative day service context. Methodological quality relating to indicator development will be assessed using the Appraisal of Indicators through Research and Evaluation (AIRE) tool. Overall strength of evidence will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system. Final decisions on quality assessment will be made via consensus between review authors. DISCUSSION Identifying, developing and implementing evidence-based quality indicators is critical to the evaluation and continued improvement of palliative care. Review findings will be used to support clinicians and policymakers make decisions on which quality indicators are most appropriate for evaluating day services at the patient and service level, and to identify areas for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seán R O'Connor
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, Ulster University, Jordanstown, UK.
| | - Martin Dempster
- School of Psychology, Queen's University Belfast, Malone Road, Belfast, UK
| | - Noleen K McCorry
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.,Centre of Excellence for Public Health Research (NI), Institute of Clinical Science B, Royal Victoria Hospital, Grosvenor Road, Belfast, UK
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