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Xu Q, Fan K, Wei D, Wang J, Wang X, Lou X, Lin H, Wang C, Wu C, Mao Z. Association between attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccines and mental health among 140,259 college students in China. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESUNDHEITSWISSENSCHAFTEN = JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2023:1-11. [PMID: 36744107 PMCID: PMC9886423 DOI: 10.1007/s10389-023-01830-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Background With the launch of the COVID-19 vaccines, the vaccination rate has become a hot issue of concern. However, the evidence for the relationship between college students' attitudes toward vaccines and anxiety and depressive symptoms has been limited. Methods In total, 140,259 college students were recruited using a cluster sampling method in Zhengzhou, Xinxiang, Xinyang city of Henan Province, China, May 21-27, 2021. Anxiety symptoms were determined by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder tool (GAD-7) and depressive symptoms were determined by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Multiple logistic regression was performed to estimate the association between students' attitudes toward the vaccines and anxiety and depressive symptoms. Results The results indicate that 22.45% of students are unclear whether the vaccine can protect them from infection and 45.57% are unclear whether the vaccine is safe and has no side effects. In addition, after adjusting, the model showed that students who think vaccines can protect them and are safe had 0.128 (95%CI 0.110-0.150; Ptrend < 0.001) times lower risk of anxiety compared to their counterparts who think vaccines can neither protect them nor are safe. Similar ORs were found in depression (aOR = 0.157; 95%CI 0.137-0.180). Conclusion This large-scale study has shown an association between symptoms of anxiety and depression and reluctance to obtain vaccination. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10389-023-01830-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
| | - Keliang Fan
- Teaching and Training Department, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University/The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314000 China
| | - Dandan Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Lou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
| | - Hualiang Lin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
| | - Cuiping Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenxing Mao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
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Sodhi S, Chamali R, Praveen D, Sharma M, Garcia Dieguez M, Mash R, Goodyear-Smith F, Ponka D. Protocol for a cross-sectional study on COVID-19 vaccination programmes in primary health care. Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med 2023; 15:e1-e7. [PMID: 36744460 PMCID: PMC9900242 DOI: 10.4102/phcfm.v15i1.3649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An integrated primary health care approach, where primary care and public health efforts are coordinated, is a key feature of routine immunisation campaigns. AIM The aim of the study is to describe the approach used by a diverse group of international primary health care professionals in delivering their coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination programmes, as well as their perspectives on public health and primary care integration while implementing national COVID-19 vaccination programmes in their own jurisdictions. SETTING This is a protocol for a study, which consists of a cross-sectional online survey disseminated among a convenience sample of international primary health care professional through member-based organisations and professional networks via email and online newsletters. METHODS Survey development followed an iterative validation process with a formative committee developing the survey instrument based on study objectives, existing literature and best practices and a summative committee verifying and validating content. RESULTS Main outcome measures are vaccination implementation approach (planning, coordination service deliver), level or type of primary care involvement and degree of primary care and public health integration at community level. CONCLUSION Integrated health systems can lead to a greater impact in the rollout of the COVID-19 vaccine and can ensure that we are better prepared for crises that threaten human health, not only limited to infectious pandemics but also the rising tide of chronic disease, natural and conflict-driven disasters and climate change.Contribution: This study will provide insight and key learnings for improving vaccination efforts for COVID-19 and possible future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumeet Sodhi
- Besrour Centre for Global Family Medicine, College of Family Physicians of Canada, Mississauga, Canada; and Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada; and Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto.
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53
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Malaeb D, Sallam M, Salim NA, Dabbous M, Younes S, Nasrallah Y, Iskandar K, Matta M, Obeid S, Hallit S, Hallit R. Knowledge, Attitude and Conspiracy Beliefs of Healthcare Workers in Lebanon towards Monkeypox. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:tropicalmed8020081. [PMID: 36828497 PMCID: PMC9965137 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8020081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of a monkeypox (MPOX) outbreak in 2022 represented the most recent recognizable public health emergency at a global level. Improving knowledge and attitude towards MPOX, particularly among healthcare workers (HCWs), can be a valuable approach in public health preventive efforts aiming to halt MPOX virus spread. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the knowledge and attitude of HCWs in Lebanon towards MPOX and to assess their conspiratorial attitude towards emerging virus infections (EVIs). The current study was based on a cross-sectional online survey distributed via Google Forms during September-December 2022 implementing a convenience sampling approach. The final study sample comprised a total of 646 HCWs: physicians (n = 171, 26.5%), pharmacists (n = 283, 43.8%), and nurses (n = 168, 26.0%), among others (n = 24, 3.7%). Variable defects in MPOX knowledge were detected, with a third of the participants having MPOX knowledge above the 75th percentile (n = 218, 33.7%). Satisfactory attitude towards MPOX (>75th percentile) was observed in less than a third of the participants (n = 198, 30.7%), while a quarter of the study sample endorsed conspiracy beliefs towards EVIs at a high level (>75th percentile, n = 164, 25.4%). Slightly more than two thirds of the participants agreed that MPOX vaccination should be used in disease prevention (n = 440, 68.1%). Better levels of MPOX knowledge and attitude were significantly associated with postgraduate education and older age. Physicians had significantly higher MPOX knowledge compared to other occupational categories. Less endorsement of conspiracies towards EVIs was significantly associated with male sex, occupation as a physician, and postgraduate education. Higher MPOX knowledge was associated with better attitude towards the disease. The current study showed unsatisfactory MPOX knowledge among Lebanese HCWs. Educational efforts can be valuable to improve the attitude towards the disease. Despite the relatively low level of embracing conspiracy beliefs regarding EVIs among HCWs in this study compared to previous studies, this area should be considered based on its potential impact on health-seeking behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Malaeb
- College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman P.O. Box 4184, United Arab Emirates
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut P.O. Box 146404, Lebanon
| | - Malik Sallam
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
- Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman 11942, Jordan
- Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, 22184 Malmö, Sweden
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (S.H.); Tel.: +962-79-184-5186 (M.S.)
| | - Nesreen A. Salim
- Prosthodontic Department, School of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
- Prosthodontic Department, Jordan University Hospital, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Mariam Dabbous
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut P.O. Box 146404, Lebanon
- School of Education, Lebanese International University, Beirut P.O. Box 146404, Lebanon
| | - Samar Younes
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Bekaa P.O. Box 146404, Lebanon
| | - Yves Nasrallah
- School of Medicine & Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Katia Iskandar
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Bekaa P.O. Box 146404, Lebanon
- INSPECT-LB—National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology-Lebanon, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Matta Matta
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Center Hospitalier de Melun, 77000 Melun, France
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Department of Social and Education Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- School of Medicine & Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Beirut, Lebanon
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib P.O. Box 60096, Lebanon
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (S.H.); Tel.: +962-79-184-5186 (M.S.)
| | - Rabih Hallit
- School of Medicine & Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Infectious Disease, Bellevue Medical Center, Mansourieh, Lebanon
- Department of Infectious Disease, Notre Dame des Secours, University Hospital Center, Byblos, Lebanon
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Gudayu TW, Mengistie HT. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in sub-Saharan African countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13037. [PMID: 36686610 PMCID: PMC9846884 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccination is the most effective intervention for the primary prevention of COVID-19. Several studies have been conducted in sub-Saharan African countries on the acceptance and associated factors of COVID-19 vaccine. This review and meta-analysis aimed to recapitulate the pooled magnitude of vaccine acceptance and its favoring factors in sub-Saharan African countries. PUBMED, MEDLINE, Science Direct, Web of Science, and SCOPUS were the main databases searched from 15 March to 5 June 2022; and all the articles written in the English language were included. Also, some articles were retrieved from biomedical peer-reviewed journal sites and Google scholar. The quality of thirty-five selected articles was evaluated using an adapted scale for evaluating cross-sectional studies based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The result of the review and meta-analysis revealed that COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate varied across studies. In a pooled analysis, factors such as; higher-level perception of infection risk (OR (95% CI (2.7 (2.1, 3.4))), perceived vaccine safety (13.9 (9.2, 20.9)), virus-related good knowledge (2.7 (2.3, 3.2)) and appropriate attitude (5.9 (4.4, 7.8)), adherence to safety precautions (5.5 (4.8, 6.2)), and infection experience (4.4 (2.8, 6.9)) were positively affected the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. Also, vaccine acceptance was found to be high among males and chronically ill individuals. Thus, understanding factors that enhance vaccine acceptance would support planners to augment vaccine uptake in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temesgen Worku Gudayu
- Department of Clinical Midwifery, School of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia,Corresponding author.
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55
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Duroseau B, Kipshidze N, Limaye RJ. The impact of delayed access to COVID-19 vaccines in low- and lower-middle-income countries. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1087138. [PMID: 36711400 PMCID: PMC9878283 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1087138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction A majority of low-income (LIC) and lower-middle-income countries (LMIC) were unable to achieve at least 10% population coverage during initial vaccine rollouts, despite the rapid development of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines. Nearly three years into this pandemic, evaluating the impact of inequities in vaccine access, uptake, and availability is long overdue. We hypothesized that a delay in receiving COVID-19 vaccines was associated with an increased toll on cumulative cases and mortality. Furthermore, this relationship was modified by the size of a country's economy. Methods We performed an ecological study assessing these relationships, in which a country's economic standing was assessed by world bank income classification, gross domestic product based on the purchasing power parity (GDP PPP) per capita category, and crude GDP PPP. Results Countries with the smallest economies reported first vaccination much later than larger economies on all three rankings, as much as 100 days longer. Among low-income countries, a one-day increase until the first vaccination was associated with a 1.92% (95% CI: 0.100, 3.87) increase in cumulative cases when compared to high-income countries (p = 0.0395) when adjusting for population size, median age, and testing data availability. Similarly, among the lowest GDP PPP countries a one-day increase until the first vaccination was associated with a 2.73% (95% CI: 0.100, 5.44) increase in cumulative cases when compared to the highest GDP PPP countries (p = 0.0415). When modeling cumulative mortality, effects in the same direction and magnitude were observed, albeit statistically non-significant. Conclusion Economic standing modified the effects of delayed access to COVID-19 vaccination on cumulative cases and mortality, in which LMICs tended to fare worse in outcomes than high-income countries despite the eventual rollout of vaccines. These findings highlight the importance of prioritizing equitable and timely access to COVID-19 vaccines across all countries, irrespective of economic size. Future studies should examine the impacts that vaccine inequities had on local transmission dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenice Duroseau
- Center for Infectious Disease and Nursing Innovation, Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, United States,*Correspondence: Brenice Duroseau ✉
| | - Nodar Kipshidze
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States,Nodar Kipshidze ✉
| | - Rupali Jayant Limaye
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States,International Vaccine Access Center, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
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56
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Moehring A, Collis A, Garimella K, Rahimian MA, Aral S, Eckles D. Providing normative information increases intentions to accept a COVID-19 vaccine. Nat Commun 2023; 14:126. [PMID: 36624092 PMCID: PMC9828376 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35052-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the availability of multiple safe vaccines, vaccine hesitancy may present a challenge to successful control of the COVID-19 pandemic. As with many human behaviors, people's vaccine acceptance may be affected by their beliefs about whether others will accept a vaccine (i.e., descriptive norms). However, information about these descriptive norms may have different effects depending on the actual descriptive norm, people's baseline beliefs, and the relative importance of conformity, social learning, and free-riding. Here, using a pre-registered, randomized experiment (N = 484,239) embedded in an international survey (23 countries), we show that accurate information about descriptive norms can increase intentions to accept a vaccine for COVID-19. We find mixed evidence that information on descriptive norms impacts mask wearing intentions and no statistically significant evidence that it impacts intentions to physically distance. The effects on vaccination intentions are largely consistent across the 23 included countries, but are concentrated among people who were otherwise uncertain about accepting a vaccine. Providing normative information in vaccine communications partially corrects individuals' underestimation of how many other people will accept a vaccine. These results suggest that presenting people with information about the widespread and growing acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines helps to increase vaccination intentions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Moehring
- Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,MIT Initiative on the Digital Economy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Avinash Collis
- McCombs School of Business, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Kiran Garimella
- School of Communication and Information, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - M Amin Rahimian
- MIT Initiative on the Digital Economy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sinan Aral
- Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,MIT Initiative on the Digital Economy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Institute for Data, Systems, and Society, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Dean Eckles
- Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,MIT Initiative on the Digital Economy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Institute for Data, Systems, and Society, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Allington D, McAndrew S, Moxham-Hall V, Duffy B. Coronavirus conspiracy suspicions, general vaccine attitudes, trust and coronavirus information source as predictors of vaccine hesitancy among UK residents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychol Med 2023; 53:236-247. [PMID: 33843509 PMCID: PMC8111194 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721001434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 133.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccine hesitancy presents an obstacle to the campaign to control COVID-19. It has previously been found to be associated with youth, female gender, low income, low education, low medical trust, minority ethnic group membership, low perceived risk from COVID-19, use of certain social media platforms and conspiracy beliefs. However, it is unclear which of these predictors might explain variance associated with others. METHODS An online survey was conducted with a representative sample of 4343 UK residents, aged 18-75, between 21 November and 21 December 2020. Predictors of vaccine hesitancy were assessed using linear rank-order models. RESULTS Coronavirus vaccine hesitancy is associated with youth, female gender, low income, low education, high informational reliance on social media, low informational reliance on print and broadcast media, membership of other than white ethnic groups, low perceived risk from COVID-19 and low trust in scientists and medics, as well as (to a much lesser extent) low trust in government. Coronavirus conspiracy suspicions and general vaccine attitudes appear uniquely predictive, jointly explaining 35% of variance. Following controls for these variables, effects associated with trust, ethnicity and social media reliance largely or completely disappear, whereas the effect associated with education is reversed. CONCLUSIONS Strengthening positive attitudes to vaccination and reducing conspiracy suspicions with regards to the coronavirus may have a positive effect on vaccine uptake, especially among ethnic groups with heightened vaccine hesitancy. However, vaccine hesitancy associated with age and gender does not appear to be explained by other predictor variables tested here.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Siobhan McAndrew
- School of Sociology, Politics, and International Studies, University of Bristol, BristolBS8 1TU
| | | | - Bobby Duffy
- Policy Institute, King's College London, LondonWC2R 2LS
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58
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Venkatesh S, Gill A, Kim L, Doan SN. Mothers' intentions to vaccinate their children for COVID-19. AIMS Public Health 2023; 10:209-218. [PMID: 37063353 PMCID: PMC10091125 DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2023016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Parents' intentions to vaccinate their children is an important area of investigation in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a growing body of research examining factors that influence parents' vaccine intentions. The current study investigated factors that would influence maternal intent to vaccinate their children for COVID-19, shortly before the CDC approved vaccines for children 11 and younger. We had a sample of n = 176 mothers (Mchildage = 71.63 months, 52% White) from California fill out an online survey during February-April 2021. Our results suggest that perceived COVID-19 threat predicts mothers' intention to vaccinate their children (b = 0.370, p < 0.001), controlling for mothers' age, socioeconomic status, race, and child age. Child age (b = 0.027, p = 0.008), SES (b = 0.396, p = 0.018), and child previous flu shot (b = 0.725, p < 0.001) also positively predicted mothers' intention to vaccinate their children. Results are discussed in light of prior research on maternal vaccine intentions and hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruthi Venkatesh
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina, Greensboro
- * Correspondence:
| | - Alexandra Gill
- Department of Psychological Science, Pomona College, Claremont, CA
| | - Lauren Kim
- Department of Psychological Science, Pomona College, Claremont, CA
| | - Stacey N Doan
- Department of Psychological Science, Claremont Mckenna College and Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope National Medical Center
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Meo AS, Masood A, Shabbir U, Ali H, Nadeem Z, Meo SA, Alshahrani AN, AlAnazi S, Al-Masri AA, Al-Khlaiwi T. Adverse Effects of Sinopharm COVID-19 Vaccine among Vaccinated Medical Students and Health Care Workers. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11010105. [PMID: 36679950 PMCID: PMC9863525 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11010105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease caused a highly problematic situation worldwide. Various vaccines were launched to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to investigate the adverse effects of first and second doses of the Sinopharm vaccine among vaccinated medical and dental students and healthcare workers. A well-established questionnaire was distributed online, and 414 medical and dental students and healthcare workers (HCW) comprising 355 females (85.7%) and 59 males (14.3%) participated; all were vaccinated with two doses of Sinopharm. The most common side effect was pain at the injection site after dose one in 253 respondents (61.3%) and after dose two in 161 respondents (38.9%). Other symptoms included general lethargy in 168 (40.6%), myalgia/body pain in 99 (23.9%), low-grade fever in 93 (22.4%), and headache in 87 (21%) respondents. Common side effects reported after the second dose of the vaccine following pain at the injection site included general lethargy in 21.3% (88), headache in 10.4% (43), myalgia/body pain in 9.9% (41), and low-grade fever in 6.1% (25) of the respondents. In conclusion, common adverse effects of the Sinopharm vaccine were pain at the injection site, general lethargy, myalgia, body pain, low-grade fever, and headache. These adverse effects were mild in intensity for both doses but slightly more frequent and severe for the first dose than the second dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusha Sultan Meo
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adeeba Masood
- Army Medical College, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Usama Shabbir
- Army Medical College, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Hubba Ali
- Army Medical College, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Nadeem
- Army Medical College, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Sultan Ayoub Meo
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 1146A1, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Saad AlAnazi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 1146A1, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer A Al-Masri
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 1146A1, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thamir Al-Khlaiwi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 1146A1, Saudi Arabia
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Assad HC, Rizij FA, Hussien AA, Hadi Z. ACCEPTANCE OF THE COVID-19 VACCINE AND ITS RELATED FACTORS AMONG IRAQI ADOLESCENTS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY. WIADOMOSCI LEKARSKIE (WARSAW, POLAND : 1960) 2023; 76:1363-1370. [PMID: 37463369 DOI: 10.36740/wlek202306106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim: To evaluate the acceptance rate of COVID-19 vaccine among adolescents and exploring the association factors that affect the acceptability of the vaccine. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and methods: The study is descriptive cross-sectional study based on online survey conducted on 541 adolescents in Iraqi middle Euphrates provinces. Survey data was collected from November 28, 2021 to April 20, 2022. RESULTS Results: The study showed that about 53% (288 adolescents out of total 541) had not been vaccinated yet and approximately 55% of the not vaccinated adolescents refused to take the vaccine. The mean reasons of this hesitancy were falsified information, insufficient information, concerned about safety and effectiveness of the vaccine. The parents whether infected with COVID-19 or vaccinated considered as strong independent factors that will increase acceptance of vaccination among the adolescents while afraid from the vaccine was considerable independent factor that decrease the acceptance rate. CONCLUSION Conclusions: High hesitancy rate toward COVID-19 vaccination among adolescents and their parents play significant role model in increasing the acceptability while concerning of the vaccine safety decreasing acceptability.
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Gao Y, Gao H, Xiao H, Yao F. Vaccine supply chain coordination using blockchain and artificial intelligence technologies. COMPUTERS & INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING 2023; 175:108885. [PMID: 36505091 PMCID: PMC9722244 DOI: 10.1016/j.cie.2022.108885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the global spread of COVID-19 is taking a heavy toll on the lives of the global population. There is an urgent need to improve and strengthen the coordination of vaccine supply chains in response to this severe pandemic. In this study, we consider a vaccine supply chain based on a combination of artificial intelligence and blockchain technologies and model the supply chain as a two-player dynamic game with inventory level as the dynamic equation of the system. The study focuses on the applicability and effectiveness of the two technologies in the vaccine supply chain and provides management insights. The impact of the application of the technologies on environmental performance is also considered in the model. We also examine factors such as the number of people vaccinated, positive and side effects of vaccines, vaccine decay rate, revenue-sharing/cost-sharing ratio, and commission ratio. The results are as follows: the correlation between the difficulty in obtaining certified vaccines and the profit of a vaccine manufacturer is not monotonous; the vaccine manufacturer is more sensitive to changes in the vaccine attenuation rate. The study's major conclusions are as follows: First, the vaccine supply chain should estimate the level of consumers' difficulty in obtaining a certified vaccine source and the magnitude of the production planning and demand forecasting error terms before adopting the two technologies. Second, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) technology is meaningful in the vaccine supply chain when the error terms satisfy a particular interval condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Gao
- School of Business, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, PR China
| | - Hongwei Gao
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, PR China
| | - Han Xiao
- School of Business, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, PR China
| | - Fanjun Yao
- School of Business, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, PR China
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Zhou S, Silvasstar J, Clark C, Salyers AJ, Chavez C, Bull SS. An artificially intelligent, natural language processing chatbot designed to promote COVID-19 vaccination: A proof-of-concept pilot study. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231155679. [PMID: 36896332 PMCID: PMC9989411 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231155679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Our goal is to establish the feasibility of using an artificially intelligent chatbot in diverse healthcare settings to promote COVID-19 vaccination. Methods We designed an artificially intelligent chatbot deployed via short message services and web-based platforms. Guided by communication theories, we developed persuasive messages to respond to users' COVID-19-related questions and encourage vaccination. We implemented the system in healthcare settings in the U.S. between April 2021 and March 2022 and logged the number of users, topics discussed, and information on system accuracy in matching responses to user intents. We regularly reviewed queries and reclassified responses to better match responses to query intents as COVID-19 events evolved. Results A total of 2479 users engaged with the system, exchanging 3994 COVID-19 relevant messages. The most popular queries to the system were about boosters and where to get a vaccine. The system's accuracy rate in matching responses to user queries ranged from 54% to 91.1%. Accuracy lagged when new information related to COVID emerged, such as that related to the Delta variant. Accuracy increased when we added new content to the system. Conclusions It is feasible and potentially valuable to create chatbot systems using AI to facilitate access to current, accurate, complete, and persuasive information on infectious diseases. Such a system can be adapted to use with patients and populations needing detailed information and motivation to act in support of their health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhou
- Department of Communication Studies, School of Communication and the System Health Lab, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Joshva Silvasstar
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health and the mHealth Impact Lab, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Christopher Clark
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health and the mHealth Impact Lab, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Adam J Salyers
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health and the mHealth Impact Lab, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Catia Chavez
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health and the mHealth Impact Lab, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sheana S Bull
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health and the mHealth Impact Lab, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
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Sussman KL, Bouchacourt L, Bright LF, Wilcox GB, Mackert M, Norwood AS, Allport Altillo BS. COVID-19 topics and emotional frames in vaccine hesitation: A social media text and sentiment analysis. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231158308. [PMID: 36896330 PMCID: PMC9989441 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231158308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Addressing gaps in COVID-19 vaccine-hesitancy research, the current study aimed to add depth and nuance to the exploratory research examining vaccine-hesitant groups. Using a larger, but more focused conversation occurring on social media, the results can be used by health communicators to frame emotionally resonant messaging to improve COVID-19 vaccine advocacy while also mitigating negative concerns for vaccine-hesitant individuals. Methods Social media mentions were collected using a social media listening software, Brandwatch, to examine topics and sentiments in COVID-19 hesitancy discourse during a period of September 1, 2020, through December 31, 2020. The results from this query included publicly available mentions on two popular social media sites, Twitter and Reddit. The dataset of 14,901 global, English language messages were analyzed using a computer-assisted process in SAS text-mining and Brandwatch software. The data revealed eight unique topics before being analyzed by sentiment. Results Among the COVID-19 hesitancy data, trust-related topics emerged that included declining vaccine acceptance, a parallel pandemic of distrust, and a call for politicians to let the scientific process work, among others. Positive sentiment revealed interest in the sources which included healthcare professionals, doctors, and government organizations. Pfizer was found to elicit both positive and negative emotions in the vaccine-hesitancy data. The negative sentiment tended to dominate the hesitancy conversation, accelerating once vaccines hit the market. Conclusions Relevant topics were identified to help support targeted communication, strategically accelerate vaccine acceptance, and mitigate COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among the public. Strategic methods of online and offline messaging tactics are suggested to reach diverse, malleable populations of interest. Topics of personal anecdotes of safety, effectiveness, and recommendations among families are identified as persuasive communication opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen L Sussman
- School of Journalism and Mass Communication at Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA
| | - Lindsay Bouchacourt
- Stan Richards School of Advertising and Public Relations at The University of Texas at Austin, Moody College of Communication at the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Laura F Bright
- Stan Richards School of Advertising and Public Relations at The University of Texas at Austin, Moody College of Communication at the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Gary B Wilcox
- Stan Richards School of Advertising and Public Relations at The University of Texas at Austin, Moody College of Communication at the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Michael Mackert
- Stan Richards School of Advertising and Public Relations & Center for Health Communication at The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | | | - Brandon Shaun Allport Altillo
- Departments of Population Health, Internal Medicine, and Pediatrics, Primary Care, Family, and Community Medicine Clerkship, Primary Care Internist and Pediatrician, Lone Star Circle of Care at Collinfield, Dell Medical School at The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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Keller K, Farmakis IT, Valerio L, Koelmel S, Wild J, Barco S, Schmidt FP, Espinola-Klein C, Konstantinides S, Münzel T, Sagoschen I, Hobohm L. Predisposing factors for admission to intensive care units of patients with COVID-19 infection-Results of the German nationwide inpatient sample. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1113793. [PMID: 36875366 PMCID: PMC9975593 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1113793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Intensive care units (ICU) capacities are one of the most critical determinants in health-care management of the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the ICU-admission and case-fatality rate as well as characteristics and outcomes of patient admitted to ICU in order to identify predictors and associated conditions for worsening and case-fatality in this critical ill patient-group. Methods We used the German nationwide inpatient sample to analyze all hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis in Germany between January and December 2020. All hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection during the year 2020 were included in the present study and were stratified according ICU-admission. Results Overall, 176,137 hospitalizations of patients with COVID-19-infection (52.3% males; 53.6% aged ≥70 years) were reported in Germany during 2020. Among them, 27,053 (15.4%) were treated in ICU. COVID-19-patients treated on ICU were younger [70.0 (interquartile range (IQR) 59.0-79.0) vs. 72.0 (IQR 55.0-82.0) years, P < 0.001], more often males (66.3 vs. 48.8%, P < 0.001), had more frequently cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cardiovascular risk-factors with increased in-hospital case-fatality (38.4 vs. 14.2%, P < 0.001). ICU-admission was independently associated with in-hospital death [OR 5.49 (95% CI 5.30-5.68), P < 0.001]. Male sex [OR 1.96 (95% CI 1.90-2.01), P < 0.001], obesity [OR 2.20 (95% CI 2.10-2.31), P < 0.001], diabetes mellitus [OR 1.48 (95% CI 1.44-1.53), P < 0.001], atrial fibrillation/flutter [OR 1.57 (95% CI 1.51-1.62), P < 0.001], and heart failure [OR 1.72 (95% CI 1.66-1.78), P < 0.001] were independently associated with ICU-admission. Conclusion During 2020, 15.4% of the hospitalized COVID-19-patients were treated on ICUs with high case-fatality. Male sex, CVD and cardiovascular risk-factors were independent risk-factors for ICU admission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karsten Keller
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Medical Clinic VII, Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ioannis T Farmakis
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Luca Valerio
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sebastian Koelmel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Triemli Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Wild
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefano Barco
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Department of Angiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Christine Espinola-Klein
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stavros Konstantinides
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ingo Sagoschen
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Lukas Hobohm
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Shouli MM, Ayed A, Shouli KM, Alekel K. Knowledge and Perception of the Employees Towards COVID-19 Vaccination at Palestinian Universities. SAGE Open Nurs 2023; 9:23779608231176880. [PMID: 37223220 PMCID: PMC10201136 DOI: 10.1177/23779608231176880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Major efforts are being made to control the spread and impact of the coronavirus pandemic using vaccines. However, willingness to be vaccinated depends largely on factors beyond the availability of vaccines. Objective This study aimed to investigate the knowledge and perception of university employees towards the COVID-19 vaccination. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted between February and June 2021. A total of 310 university employees from six Palestinian universities participated in the study. A self-reported questionnaire was used for data collection and included the following: personal and medical characteristics of the university employees' knowledge and perception regarding receiving the COVID-19 vaccination. Results Three hundred and ten out of 336 questionnaires (92.3% response rate) were completed and returned by the participants. The results revealed that 41.9% of university employees had good knowledge of the COVID-19 vaccination. On the other hand, 51.9% of them had a positive perception of the COVID-19 vaccination. Also, there is a significant difference between the level of knowledge and perception of the COVID-19 vaccine (p < .05). Conclusion Less than half of the university employees had good knowledge, and half of them had a positive attitude towards the COVID-19 vaccination. Also, it has been determined that there is a relationship between the level of knowledge and perception of the COVID-19 vaccine. The study recommended that employees should be involved in educational campaigns to increase their knowledge of the importance of vaccines in COVID-19 prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Mohammad Shouli
- Community Health Nursing Department,
Nablus University for Vocational & Technical Education, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Ahmad Ayed
- Faculty of Nursing, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine
| | - Khaila Mohammad Shouli
- Community Health Nursing Department,
Nablus University for Vocational & Technical Education, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Khalid Alekel
- Community Health Nursing Department,
Nablus University for Vocational & Technical Education, Nablus, Palestine
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Hervias-Guerra E, Capa-Luque W, Bazán-Ramírez A, Cossío-Reynaga M. Determinants of the Attitude to COVID-19 Vaccine in Lima-Peru: Path Analysis and Structural Regression. SAGE Open Nurs 2023; 9:23779608231158960. [PMID: 36895706 PMCID: PMC9989381 DOI: 10.1177/23779608231158960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Research on the effects of COVID-19 has shown that a favorable attitude toward the COVID-19 vaccine would help reduce the pandemic's sequelae and avoid lethal variants. Objective A theoretical model was tested through the strategy of path analysis and structural equation modeling, seeking to evaluate the direct effect of neuroticism and the indirect effects of risk-avoidance and rule-following behaviors, mediated by attitudes toward science. Methods A total of 459 adults, mostly women (61%), mean age 28.51 (SD = 10.36), living in Lima (Peru), participated. The scales of neuroticism, risk avoidance behavior (RAB), norm following (NF), attitudes toward science, and attitudes toward vaccination were administered. Results The path analysis explained 36% of the variance in vaccine attitude, whereas the latent structural regression model achieved a 54% explanation; according to this model attitude toward science (β=.70, p < .01) and neuroticism (β=-.16, p < .01) are significant predictors of vaccine attitude. Likewise, risk avoidance behavior and rule-following have indirect effects on attitudes toward vaccination. Conclusion Low neuroticism and a positive attitude toward the science that mediates the effects of RAB and NF directly condition the possibility of vaccination against COVID-19 in the adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Walter Capa-Luque
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Perú
| | - Aldo Bazán-Ramírez
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Perú
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Abouelella DK, Canick JE, Barnes JM, Rohde RL, Watts TL, Adjei Boakye E, Osazuwa-Peters N. Human papillomavirus vaccine uptake among teens before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2148825. [PMID: 36484115 PMCID: PMC9762824 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2148825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
It is unclear how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake and which sociodemographic groups may have been most impacted. We aimed to assess differences in HPV vaccine uptake (initiation and completion) before and during the pandemic in the United States. We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the 2019 to 2020 National Immunization Surveys - Teen (NIS-Teen), comparing vaccine initiation and completion rates in 2019 vs. 2020, based on confirmed reports by a healthcare provider. Weighted logistic regression analysis estimated odds of vaccine initiation and completion for both adolescent and parental characteristics. There were 18,788 adolescents in 2019 and 20,162 in 2020. There was 3.6% increase in HPV vaccine initiation (71.5% vs. 75.1%) and a 4.4% in completion (54.2% vs. 58.6%) rates from 2019 to 2020. In 2020, Non-Hispanic White teens were significantly less likely to initiate (aOR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.49, 0.79) and complete (aOR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.58, 0.86) vaccine uptake compared with non-Hispanic Black teens. Additionally, teens who lived above the poverty line were also less likely to initiate HPV vaccination (aOR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.49, 0.80) or complete them (aOR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.60, 0.90), compared to those who lived below the poverty line. During the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, some historically advantaged socioeconomic groups such as those living above the poverty line were less likely to receive HPV vaccine. The impact of the pandemic on HPV vaccine uptake may transcend traditional access to care factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina K. Abouelella
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Justin M. Barnes
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rebecca L. Rohde
- Department of Otolaryngology & Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Tammara L. Watts
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA,Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Eric Adjei Boakye
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA,Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Nosayaba Osazuwa-Peters
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA,Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA,Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA,CONTACT Nosayaba Nosa Osazuwa-Peters Department of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, 40 Duke Medicine Circle, Duke South Yellow Zone 4074C DUMC 3805, Durham, NC27710-4000, USA
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Wang Q, Qu Z, Tu S, Chen X, Hou Z. The whole-of-society approach of mass COVID-19 vaccination in China: a qualitative study. Health Res Policy Syst 2022; 20:142. [PMID: 36585666 PMCID: PMC9802023 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-022-00947-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many countries have an inefficient vaccination system, which hinders global exit from the COVID-19 pandemic. It is vital to summarize COVID-19 vaccination practices in countries with high vaccination coverage and provide implications for other countries. This study aimed to investigate China's COVID-19 vaccination system and to summarize its implementation experience from a health system perspective. METHODS We conducted key informant interviews in five representative cities of China in late 2021. Guided by the health systems framework proposed by WHO, we developed our interview guidelines which included seven building blocks-leadership and governance, health workforce, vaccination service delivery, vaccination mobilization and communication, financing, access to vaccines, and information systems. Semi-structured interviews and COVID-19 vaccination policy documents were collected and coded using a thematic analysis approach. RESULTS A total of 61 participants (nine vaccination programme directors of the local Center for Disease Control and Prevention, four government staff and 48 vaccination service workers) were interviewed. We found that China adopted a whole-of-society approach with adequate government engagement and linked health and non-health sectors to promote COVID-19 vaccination. Key measures included the collaboration of multiple systems and departments from a governance perspective, allocating sufficient health workers and resources, large-scale vaccination mobilization and communication, expansion of vaccine financing channels, localized production and digital information systems. With the vaccination system strengthening, the two-doses vaccination coverage reached 89.5% for the total population but relatively lower coverage for older adults as of July 2022. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights the importance of a government-led whole-of-society approach to promote mass vaccination. The low vaccination coverage among older adults should be paid the greatest attention to. The experiences and lessons from China may serve as a reference for other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai, 200032 China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiqiang Qu
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai, 200032 China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiyi Tu
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai, 200032 China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Chen
- grid.47100.320000000419368710Department of Health Policy and Management, Yale School of Public Health, City of New Haven, United States of America ,grid.47100.320000000419368710Department of Economics, Yale University, City of New Haven, United States of America
| | - Zhiyuan Hou
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai, 200032 China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Nasimiyu C, Ngere I, Dawa J, Amoth P, Oluga O, Ngunu C, Mirieri H, Gachohi J, Dayan M, Liku N, Njoroge R, Odinoh R, Owaka S, Khamadi SA, Konongoi SL, Galo S, Elamenya L, Mureithi M, Anzala O, Breiman R, Osoro E, Njenga MK. Near-Complete SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence among Rural and Urban Kenyans despite Significant Vaccine Hesitancy and Refusal. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 11:68. [PMID: 36679913 PMCID: PMC9862465 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11010068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering the early inequity in global COVID-19 vaccine distribution, we compared the level of population immunity to SARS-CoV-2 with vaccine uptake and refusal between rural and urban Kenya two years after the pandemic onset. A population-based seroprevalence study was conducted in the city of Nairobi (n = 781) and a rural western county (n = 810) between January and February 2022. The overall SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was 90.2% (95% CI, 88.6−91.2%), including 96.7% (95% CI, 95.2−97.9%) among urban and 83.6% (95% CI, 80.6−86.0%) among rural populations. A comparison of immunity profiles showed that >50% of the rural population were strongly immunoreactive compared to <20% of the urban population, suggesting more recent infections or vaccinations in the rural population. More than 45% of the vaccine-eligible (≥18 years old) persons had not taken a single dose of the vaccine (hesitancy), including 47.6% and 46.9% of urban and rural participants, respectively. Vaccine refusal was reported in 19.6% of urban and 15.6% of rural participants, attributed to concern about vaccine safety (>75%), inadequate information (26%), and concern about vaccine effectiveness (9%). Less than 2% of vaccine refusers cited religious or cultural beliefs. These findings indicate that despite vaccine inequity, hesitancy, and refusal, herd immunity had been achieved in Kenya and likely other African countries by early 2022, with natural infections likely contributing to most of this immunity. However, vaccine campaigns should be sustained due to the need for repeat boosters associated with waning of SARS-CoV-2 immunity and emergence of immune-evading virus variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyne Nasimiyu
- Global Health Program, Washington State University (WSU), Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Paul G. Allen School of Global Health, Washington State University (WSU), Pullman, WA 99163, USA
- KAVI-Institute for Clinical Research, University of Nairobi, Nairobi 00202, Kenya
| | - Isaac Ngere
- Global Health Program, Washington State University (WSU), Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Paul G. Allen School of Global Health, Washington State University (WSU), Pullman, WA 99163, USA
| | - Jeanette Dawa
- Global Health Program, Washington State University (WSU), Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Paul G. Allen School of Global Health, Washington State University (WSU), Pullman, WA 99163, USA
| | - Patrick Amoth
- Directorate of Public Health, Kenya Ministry of Health, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
| | - Ouma Oluga
- Directorate of Health, Nairobi Metropolitan Services, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
| | - Carol Ngunu
- Directorate of Health, Nairobi Metropolitan Services, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
| | - Harriet Mirieri
- Global Health Program, Washington State University (WSU), Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Paul G. Allen School of Global Health, Washington State University (WSU), Pullman, WA 99163, USA
| | - John Gachohi
- Global Health Program, Washington State University (WSU), Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Paul G. Allen School of Global Health, Washington State University (WSU), Pullman, WA 99163, USA
- School of Public Health, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi P.O. Box 62000-00200, Kenya
| | - Moshe Dayan
- Global Health Program, Washington State University (WSU), Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Paul G. Allen School of Global Health, Washington State University (WSU), Pullman, WA 99163, USA
| | - Nzisa Liku
- Global Health Program, Washington State University (WSU), Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Paul G. Allen School of Global Health, Washington State University (WSU), Pullman, WA 99163, USA
| | - Ruth Njoroge
- Global Health Program, Washington State University (WSU), Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Paul G. Allen School of Global Health, Washington State University (WSU), Pullman, WA 99163, USA
| | - Raymond Odinoh
- Global Health Program, Washington State University (WSU), Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Paul G. Allen School of Global Health, Washington State University (WSU), Pullman, WA 99163, USA
| | - Samuel Owaka
- Center for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi 00200, Kenya
| | - Samoel A. Khamadi
- Center for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi 00200, Kenya
| | - Samson L. Konongoi
- Center for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi 00200, Kenya
| | - Sudi Galo
- Department of Health Services, County Government of Kakamega, Kakamega 50100, Kenya
| | - Linet Elamenya
- Department of Health Services, County Government of Kakamega, Kakamega 50100, Kenya
| | - Marianne Mureithi
- KAVI-Institute for Clinical Research, University of Nairobi, Nairobi 00202, Kenya
| | - Omu Anzala
- KAVI-Institute for Clinical Research, University of Nairobi, Nairobi 00202, Kenya
| | - Robert Breiman
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Eric Osoro
- Global Health Program, Washington State University (WSU), Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Paul G. Allen School of Global Health, Washington State University (WSU), Pullman, WA 99163, USA
| | - M. Kariuki Njenga
- Global Health Program, Washington State University (WSU), Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Paul G. Allen School of Global Health, Washington State University (WSU), Pullman, WA 99163, USA
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Ahamad MM, Aktar S, Uddin MJ, Rashed-Al-Mahfuz M, Azad AKM, Uddin S, Alyami SA, Sarker IH, Khan A, Liò P, Quinn JMW, Moni MA. Adverse Effects of COVID-19 Vaccination: Machine Learning and Statistical Approach to Identify and Classify Incidences of Morbidity and Postvaccination Reactogenicity. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 11:healthcare11010031. [PMID: 36611491 PMCID: PMC9819062 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Good vaccine safety and reliability are essential for successfully countering infectious disease spread. A small but significant number of adverse reactions to COVID-19 vaccines have been reported. Here, we aim to identify possible common factors in such adverse reactions to enable strategies that reduce the incidence of such reactions by using patient data to classify and characterise those at risk. We examined patient medical histories and data documenting postvaccination effects and outcomes. The data analyses were conducted using a range of statistical approaches followed by a series of machine learning classification algorithms. In most cases, a group of similar features was significantly associated with poor patient reactions. These included patient prior illnesses, admission to hospitals and SARS-CoV-2 reinfection. The analyses indicated that patient age, gender, taking other medications, type-2 diabetes, hypertension, allergic history and heart disease are the most significant pre-existing factors associated with the risk of poor outcome. In addition, long duration of hospital treatments, dyspnoea, various kinds of pain, headache, cough, asthenia, and physical disability were the most significant clinical predictors. The machine learning classifiers that are trained with medical history were also able to predict patients with complication-free vaccination and have an accuracy score above 90%. Our study identifies profiles of individuals that may need extra monitoring and care (e.g., vaccination at a location with access to comprehensive clinical support) to reduce negative outcomes through classification approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Martuza Ahamad
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Sakifa Aktar
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Jamal Uddin
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Rashed-Al-Mahfuz
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - A. K. M. Azad
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13318, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahadat Uddin
- Complex Systems Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW 2008, Australia
| | - Salem A. Alyami
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13318, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iqbal H. Sarker
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chittagong University of Engineering & Technology, Chittagong 4349, Bangladesh
| | - Asaduzzaman Khan
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Pietro Liò
- Computer Laboratory, The University of Cambridge, 15 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0FD, UK
| | - Julian M. W. Quinn
- Healthy Ageing, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Mohammad Ali Moni
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
- Correspondence:
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Dritsas E, Trigka M. Supervised Machine Learning Models to Identify Early-Stage Symptoms of SARS-CoV-2. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 23:s23010040. [PMID: 36616638 PMCID: PMC9824026 DOI: 10.3390/s23010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic was caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and began in December 2019. The virus was first reported in the Wuhan region of China. It is a new strain of coronavirus that until then had not been isolated in humans. In severe cases, pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, multiple organ failure or even death may occur. Now, the existence of vaccines, antiviral drugs and the appropriate treatment are allies in the confrontation of the disease. In the present research work, we utilized supervised Machine Learning (ML) models to determine early-stage symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 occurrence. For this purpose, we experimented with several ML models, and the results showed that the ensemble model, namely Stacking, outperformed the others, achieving an Accuracy, Precision, Recall and F-Measure equal to 90.9% and an Area Under Curve (AUC) of 96.4%.
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Shouli MM, Ayed A, Shouli KM, Issa BM, Khraiwesh IM. Health Consequences of University Employees Post-COVID-19 Vaccination at Palestinian Universities. SAGE Open Nurs 2022; 8:23779608221144935. [PMID: 36582463 PMCID: PMC9793012 DOI: 10.1177/23779608221144935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The control of vaccine hesitancy comes with key protective measures against coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and excellent efficacy in clinical trials and effectiveness in real-world data. However, some people believe that vaccination is ineffective and it causes health problems. This study aimed to assess the health consequences of university employees' post-COVID-19 vaccination at Palestinian universities. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted between February and June 2021. A total of 310 university employees participated from six universities in Palestine. A self-reported questionnaire was used for data collection and included the following: personal characteristics of university employees, knowledge about COVID-19 vaccination, medical background of the participant, and their perception regarding receiving the COVID-19 vaccination. Results The results revealed that 32.6% and 43.2%of the participants had fever post the first and second doses, respectively. Also, 49.0% and 39.4% of them complained of exhaustion or fatigue and headache post the first dose and 58.1% and 46.1% had exhaustion or fatigue and pain in their muscles post the second dose, respectively. In addition, 29.2% and 16.7% of them had respiratory and digestive problems post the first dose and 38.9% and 19.0% had problems in respiratory and digestive respectively post the second dose. Furthermore, the analysis revealed that fever, symptoms at (the injection site), and exposure to physical symptoms have significant differences between the first dose and second doses of the vaccine (p < .001). Conclusion This study confirmed that the respiratory and digestive problems are the main problems post-COVID-19 vaccination. Also, this study confirmed that fever, symptoms at (the injection site), and exposure to physical symptoms have significant differences between the first dose and second dose of the vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Mohammad Shouli
- Community Health Nursing Department, Nablus University for
Vocational and Technical Education, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Ahmad Ayed
- Faculty of Nursing, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine,Ahmad Ayed, Faculty of Nursing, Arab
American University, Palestine.
| | - Khaila Mohammad Shouli
- Community Health Nursing Department, Nablus University for
Vocational and Technical Education, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Bilal Mohammad Issa
- Community Health Nursing Department, Nablus University for
Vocational and Technical Education, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Ibrahim Mohammad Khraiwesh
- Community Health Nursing Department, Nablus University for
Vocational and Technical Education, Nablus, Palestine
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AlHamaidah MA, Noureldin N, Yehia A, Alani I, Al-Qussain A, Abdou O, Ashames A, Kharaba Z. Efficacy and Short-Term Safety of COVID-19 Vaccines: A Cross-Sectional Study on Vaccinated People in the UAE. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10122157. [PMID: 36560566 PMCID: PMC9786180 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10122157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergence of COVID-19 has been a major challenge to public health and the world economy. During a wave of COVID-19, the usage of widespread vaccination procedures and broader coverage to the whole of humanity will be made possible if the general population has access. An intended effect of vaccination is to provide "herd immunity," which protects those who have not been vaccinated along with those who have been. However, some concerns regarding the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines were raised. AIM This study aims to provide evidence on the short-term safety and efficacy of four types of vaccines that are officially approved by the Ministry of Health in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). These include Sinopharm, Sputnik V, Pfizer, and AstraZeneca. METHOD This study utilized a cross-sectional descriptive design. Data on the efficacy and short-term protection of COVID-19 vaccines on vaccinated citizens and residents (n = 764) of the UAE were collected between February and April 2021. Participants were conveniently approached using a Google Forms survey, where they responded to a semi-structured questionnaire pertaining to socio-demographic questions and in-depth questions related to COVID-19, including whether they suffer from any comorbidities, the most commonly encountered post-vaccination side effects, and the severity of their symptoms, using a 5-point Likert scale. Results were analyzed using SPSS version 24, calculations of p-values and descriptive statistics were used for data differentiation. RESULTS The majority of the participants (n = 612 or 94.4%) stated that they did not become reinfected after receiving two doses of COVID-19 vaccine. In addition, the incidence of being hospitalized after vaccination was negligible. In terms of adverse effects, the most common individually reported side effects, regardless of the vaccination type, included "pain at the site of injection", followed by "general fatigue", then "lethargy". Moreover, most of these side effects occurred after the second dose of the vaccine, irrespective of the type of vaccine. Females were found to be more susceptible to the adversities of COVID-19 vaccination. The occurrence of side effects was not found to be related to the nationality/ethnicity of the vaccine recipient. Furthermore, none of the vaccines affected sleep pattern, since a significant number of respondents reported a regular sleep pattern after being vaccinated. The majority respondents who received two doses of vaccination (n = 585 or 76.6%) reported that they did not become infected post vaccination, regardless the type of vaccine received, whereas only (n = 11 or 1.9%) were reinfected with COVID-19 after 2-4 weeks. CONCLUSION The findings of this study suggest that vaccines can offer short-term protection against COVID-19 reinfection. Moreover, both the first- and second-vaccination side effects were described as very mild to moderate, which indicates tolerability. These data may strengthen the public confidence in receiving vaccinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Ameen AlHamaidah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Science, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Noora Noureldin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Science, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Adham Yehia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Science, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ibrahim Alani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Science, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdelaziz Al-Qussain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Science, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Osama Abdou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Science, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Akram Ashames
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Science, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
- Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research Centre, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 340, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence:
| | - Zelal Kharaba
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi 112612, United Arab Emirates
- AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi 112612, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Type NE2 4HH, UK
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Mengistu DA, Demmu YM, Asefa YA. Global COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1044193. [PMID: 36568768 PMCID: PMC9773145 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1044193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A vaccine against COVID-19 is a vital tool in managing the current pandemic. It is becoming evident that an effective vaccine would be required to control COVID-19. Effective use of vaccines is very important in controlling pandemics and paving the way for an acceptable exit strategy. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aims to determine the global COVID-19 acceptance rate that is necessary for better management of COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This review was conducted based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis protocols and considered the studies conducted on acceptance and/or hesitancy of COVID-19 vaccine. Articles were searched using electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, and Google Scholar. The quality of the study was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical assessment tool to determine the relevance of each included article to the study. Results Of the 6,021 articles identified through the electronic database search, 68 articles were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The global pooled acceptance rate of the COVID-19 vaccine was found to be 64.9% [95% CI of 60.5 to 69.0%]. Based on the subgroup analysis of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate by the World Health Organization's region, the countries where the study was conducted, occupation, and survey period, the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate was 60.8% [95% CI: 56.3, 65.2%], 61.9% [95% CI: 61.3, 62.4%], 81.6% [95% CI: 79.7, 83, 2%] and 64.5% [95% CI: 60.3, 68.5%], respectively. Conclusions This review revealed the variation in the level of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate across the world. The study found that the overall prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance was 64.9%. This finding indicated that even if the COVID-19 vaccine is developed, the issue of accepting or taking the developed vaccine and managing the pandemic may be difficult.
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van Bergen I, Böger S, Beaudart C, Hiligsmann M, Cheung KL. Beliefs regarding COVID-19 vaccinations of young adults in the United Kingdom: An interview study applying the Integrated Change Model. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277109. [PMID: 36472977 PMCID: PMC9725152 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Young adults are considered one of the most hesitant groups towards getting vaccinated in the UK, which threatens the success of the vaccination program in ending the pandemic. Identifying and understanding the socio-cognitive beliefs is important to effectively design and implement health communication interventions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the underlying beliefs regarding COVID-19 vaccinations among young adults in the UK. METHODS The study consisted of online, one-on-one interviews with 18 individuals (6 males, 12 females) aged between 18 and 29 years, conducted in June 2021. The guiding theoretical framework was the I-Change Model. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. The transcripts were independently coded by two researchers by using the constructs of the I-Change Model. Belief statements were elicited from the codes and the frequency of belief statements was recorded and compared between intenders and non-intenders. RESULTS Similar beliefs were observed in intenders and non-intenders for most constructs of the I-Change Model. However, non-intenders distinguished themselves from intenders by their higher perceived risks of side effects and higher perceived disadvantages of being vaccinated. Non-intenders expressed the belief that the risk of unknown or long-term side effects, such as blood clotting and impact on fertility, were the main reason for them not to be willing to vaccinate. In addition, in both groups, participants had mostly similar beliefs as their friends and family. CONCLUSION This research provides insights in the specific beliefs of the young adult population of the UK regarding COVID-19 vaccinations, which could have implications for health communication interventions. The findings suggest that such interventions should focus on reducing the uncertainty regarding short- and long-term effects and potentially having a focus on the entire social environment of young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilja van Bergen
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Health Behaviour Change Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, College of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie Böger
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Health Behaviour Change Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, College of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte Beaudart
- Department of Health Services Research, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Mickaël Hiligsmann
- Department of Health Services Research, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kei Long Cheung
- Health Behaviour Change Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, College of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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The Importance of COVID-19/Influenza Vaccines Co-Administration: An Essential Public Health Tool. Infect Dis Rep 2022; 14:987-995. [PMID: 36547244 PMCID: PMC9778301 DOI: 10.3390/idr14060098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccine co-administration is an important tool with several advantages for public health, among which is the increase of vaccination coverage, as well as economic and logistical benefits. The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the immune response to the COVID-19 first booster dose in healthcare workers (HCWs) who chose co-administration and in HCWs who received only COVID-19 vaccination and to investigate personal opinions about the experience of co-administration. We carried out a retrospective analysis involving two groups of HCWs, both vaccinated with the complete primary cycle and the first booster dose of the COVID-19 vaccine, but one of them was also vaccinated, at the same time as the first booster dose, with the influenza vaccine. Active phone calls were also performed, and specific questions about the onset of side effects and general opinions were asked. A good immune response was found in both two groups without any statistically significant difference in the immune response. No severe reactions occurred in either group. A greater part of the sample was completely satisfied, and they would do it again. Our findings are totally in favor of the co-administration, considering the many positive aspects provided by administering, at the same time, more vaccines.
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Perception of COVID-19 and Vaccine Acceptance among Healthcare Workers. Int J Microbiol 2022; 2022:1607441. [PMID: 36505344 PMCID: PMC9733994 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1607441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 infection is more likely to be acquired and transmitted by healthcare workers (HCWs). Furthermore, they serve as role models for communities in terms of COVID-19 vaccination attitudes. As a result, HCWs' reluctance to vaccinate could have a significant impact on pandemic containment efforts. Aim To characterize the current COVID-19 vaccine approval situation among healthcare workers and to determine the most likely reason for agreement or disagreement with COVID-19 vaccination. Methods This cross-sectional design included 451 HCWs from COVID-19 treatment institutions, with COVID-19 exposure risk changing depending on job function and working location. Results The study recruited 156 physicians and 295 nurses, of whom 58.1% were female and 41.9% were male. Physicians had a significantly higher rate of participation in COVID-19 pandemic prevention and control, with a rate of 69.9% versus 55.3% of nurses. Acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination was reported by 40.8% of HCWs. The rate of acceptance was significantly higher among physicians (55.1%) than among nurses (33.2%) (p < 0.001). Most HCWs (67.8%) believed the vaccine was not effective. Physicians showed more significant trust in the effectiveness of the vaccine than nurses (41% and 27.5, respectively) (p=0.003). Concerning vaccine safety, only 32.8% of HCWs believed it was safe. This was significantly higher in physicians (41.7%) than in nurses (28.1%) (p=0.004). Conclusion Vaccination uncertainty is common among healthcare personnel in Egypt, and this could be a significant barrier to vaccine uptake among the public. Campaigns to raise vaccine knowledge are critically needed.
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Lee M, Seo S, Choi S, Park JH, Kim S, Choe YJ, Choi EH, Kwon GY, Shin JY, Choi SY, Jeong MJ, Lee H, You M. Parental Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccination for Children and Its Association With Information Sufficiency and Credibility in South Korea. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2246624. [PMID: 36515950 PMCID: PMC9856328 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.46624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Vaccination against COVID-19 is an effective method for individuals to reduce negative health outcomes. However, widespread COVID-19 vaccination among children has been challenging owing to parental hesitancy. OBJECTIVE To examine parental decision-making in favor of the COVID-19 vaccine for their children and its association with the sufficiency and credibility of the information about the vaccine. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cross-sectional survey study was conducted in South Korea from February 7 to 10, 2022, 7 weeks before initiation of the COVID-19 vaccine for children aged 5 to 11 years. Parents were included if they spoke Korean and had at least 1 child in elementary school (grades 1-6). Parents and children were included in a 1:1 ratio; a total of 113 450 parents and 113 450 children were included in the analysis. Statistical analysis was performed between March and April 2022. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The main outcomes of interest were (1) parental acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination for their children and (2) its association with self-reported sufficiency and credibility of information about the vaccine. A multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate factors associated with parental decision-making in favor of COVID-19 vaccination; path analysis was used to examine indirect effects of information sufficiency and credibility. RESULTS Of the 113 450 children, 58 342 (51.4%) were boys, and the mean (SD) age was 10.1 (1.5) years. Of the 113 450 parents who responded, 7379 (6.5%) were accepting vaccination for their children; 15 731 (13.9%) reported the vaccine-related information they received was sufficient, and 23 021 (20.3%) reported the information was credible. Parents who reported that the information was sufficient were 3.08 times (95% CI, 2.85-3.33; P < .001) more likely to report being willing to vaccinate their children than those who believed the information was insufficient, and those who reported that the information was credible were 7.55 times (95% CI, 6.46-8.87; P < .001) more likely to report being willing to vaccinate their children than those who believed the information was not credible. Higher levels of information sufficiency and credibility were associated with perceptions of increased vaccine safety (sufficiency: β = 0.08; P < .001; credibility: β = 0.59; P < .001) and effectiveness (sufficiency: β = 0.05; P < .001; credibility: β = 0.60; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this study, a significant association was found between self-reported sufficiency and credibility of vaccine-related information and parental decision-making regarding COVID-19 vaccination for their children, suggesting that communications and policies that provide sound information are essential to improve vaccination rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjung Lee
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Office of Dental Education, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujin Seo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Syngjoo Choi
- Department of Economics, College of Social Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Park
- Department of Economics, College of Social Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinkyeong Kim
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young June Choe
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hwa Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children’s Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun-Yong Kwon
- Division of Immunization, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Yeon Shin
- Division of Immunization, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Yoon Choi
- COVID-19 Vaccination Task Force, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Jin Jeong
- COVID-19 Vaccination Task Force, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunju Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoungsoon You
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Saigí-Rubió F, Eguia H, Espelt A, Macip S, Bosque-Prous M. Hesitation about coronavirus vaccines in healthcare professionals and general population in Spain. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277899. [PMID: 36454968 PMCID: PMC9714825 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study attempts to provide a picture of the hesitancy to vaccination against COVID-19 in Spain during the 2021 spring-autumn vaccination campaign, both in the general population and in healthcare professionals. METHODS The participants were recruited using social media such as Facebook and Twitter, in addition to the cooperation of health personnel contacted with the collaboration of medical scientific societies. A cross-sectional study was carried out that included the response of an online questionnaire. The data were collected from April 30 to September 26, 2021. To assess the different associations between variables to be measured, we fit Poisson regression models with robust variance. RESULTS Responses were obtained from 3,850 adults from the general population group and 502 health professionals. Of the overall sample, 48.6% of participants from the general population were vaccinated against COVID-19, whereas in the healthcare professionals, 94.8% were vaccinated. The prevalence of general population vaccination increased with age, and was higher in women than men. Most participants did not show a preference for any vaccine itself. However, the prevalence of people vaccinated with their preferred vaccine was higher for the ones vaccinated with Pfizer's vaccine. 6.5% of the general population reported being reticent to be vaccinated. People from younger age groups, people with lower educational levels and those who were not from a risk group showed greater reluctance to be vaccinated. No gender differences in reluctancy were found. CONCLUSIONS Health professionals were significantly less likely to refuse vaccination even though they had more doubts about the safety and efficacy of vaccines. On the other hand, younger people, those with a lower level of education and those who were not from a risk group were the most hesitant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesc Saigí-Rubió
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hans Eguia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), Barcelona, Spain
- SEMERGEN New Technologies Working Group, Madrid, Spain
| | - Albert Espelt
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences of Manresa, Universitat de Vic–Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVic-UCC), Manresa, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia en Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra. Spain
| | - Salvador Macip
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Mechanisms of Cancer and Aging Laboratory, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Marina Bosque-Prous
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia en Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra. Spain
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Elekhnawy E, Negm WA, El-Sherbeni SA, Zayed A. Assessment of drugs administered in the Middle East as part of the COVID-19 management protocols. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:1935-1954. [PMID: 36018432 PMCID: PMC9411846 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01050-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The pandemic spread of coronavirus (COVID-19) has been reported first at the end of 2019. It continues disturbing various human aspects with multiple pandemic waves showing more fatal novel variants. Now Egypt faces the sixth wave of the pandemic with controlled governmental measures. COVID-19 is an infectious respiratory disease-causing mild to moderate illness that can be progressed into life-threatening complications based on patients- and variant type-related factors. The symptoms vary from dry cough, fever to difficulty in breathing that required urgent hospitalization. Most countries have authorized their national protocols for managing manifested symptoms and thus lowering the rate of patients' hospitalization and boosting the healthcare systems. These protocols are still in use even with the development and approval of several vaccines. These protocols were instructed to aid home isolation, bed rest, dietary supplements, and additionally the administration of antipyretic, steroids, and antiviral drugs. The current review aimed to highlight the administered protocols in the Middle East, namely in Egypt and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia demonstrating how these protocols have shown potential effectiveness in treating patients and saving many soles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Engy Elekhnawy
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Elguish Street (Medical Campus), Tanta, 31527 Egypt
| | - Walaa A. Negm
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Elguish Street (Medical Campus), Tanta, 31527 Egypt
| | - Suzy A. El-Sherbeni
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Elguish Street (Medical Campus), Tanta, 31527 Egypt
| | - Ahmed Zayed
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Elguish Street (Medical Campus), Tanta, 31527 Egypt
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Gottlieb-Daimler-Straße 49, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
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81
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Life Satisfaction and Influenza Vaccination Among Older Adults in Canada. Can J Aging 2022; 41:514-522. [PMID: 35899995 DOI: 10.1017/s0714980822000204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Older adults have an increased risk of complications or death from influenza. Despite the benefits of vaccination for older adults, vaccination coverage among older adults ages 65 years and over is still below Canada's national target of 80 per cent. As health-care-seeking behaviours are influenced by several factors, including life satisfaction, we investigated the relationship between life satisfaction and influenza vaccination among older adults. A sample (n = 22,424) from the 2015-2016 Canadian Community Health Survey data was analysed using descriptive and multinomial logistic regression analyses. Higher life satisfaction was associated with a more recent influenza vaccination history. Vaccination differed by gender, age, and self-reported health status, as women, much older adults, and those with the poorest health status were more likely to be vaccinated. The study suggests an association between life satisfaction and influenza vaccination. More research into the factors that impact influenza vaccination in older adults is needed to increase vaccination coverage in the older adult population.
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82
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Janssen C, Mosnier A, Gavazzi G, Combadière B, Crépey P, Gaillat J, Launay O, Botelho-Nevers E. Coadministration of seasonal influenza and COVID-19 vaccines: A systematic review of clinical studies. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2131166. [PMID: 36256633 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2131166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The lifting of non-pharmaceutical measures preventing transmission of SARS-CoV-2 (and other viruses, including influenza viruses) raises concerns about healthcare resources and fears of an increased number of cases of influenza and COVID-19. For the 2021-2022 influenza season, the WHO and >20 European countries promoted coadministration of influenza and COVID-19 vaccines. Recently, the French Health Authority recommended coupling the COVID-19 vaccination with the 2022-2023 influenza vaccination campaign for healthcare professionals and people at risk of severe COVID-19. The present systematic review examines published data on the safety, immunogenicity, efficacy/effectiveness, and acceptability/acceptance of coadministration of influenza and COVID-19 vaccines. No safety concerns or immune interferences were found whatever the vaccines or the age of vaccinated subjects (65- or 65+). No efficacy/effectiveness data were available. The results should reassure vaccinees and vaccinators in case of coadministration and increase vaccine coverage. Healthcare systems promoting coupled campaigns must provide the necessary means for successful coadministration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Janssen
- Service de Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier Annecy Genevois, Annecy, France
| | | | - Gaëtan Gavazzi
- Service Universitaire de Gériatrie Clinique, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Laboratoire T-Raig TIMC-IMAG CNRS 5525, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Behazine Combadière
- Center for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Sorbonne University, Inserm U1135, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Crépey
- Ecole des hautes études en santé publique, CNRS, Université de Rennes, ARENES - UMR 6051, Recherche sur les services et le management en santé - Inserm U 1309, Rennes, France
| | - Jacques Gaillat
- Service de Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier Annecy Genevois, Annecy, France
| | - Odile Launay
- CIC 14117 Cochin-Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, F CRIN-I REIVAC, Paris, France
| | - Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers
- Service d'Infectiologie, Hôpital Nord-CHU Saint Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France.,CIRI - Team GIMAP, Univ. Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, Saint-Etienne, France
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83
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Al-Qahtani AM, Mannasaheb BA, Shaikh MAK, Alajlan SA, Alayed MSZ, Shaikh IA, Asdaq SMB, Al-Qahtani FS, Ghazwani EY, Al-Qahtani NS, Abbag BF. Parental Willingness for COVID-19 Vaccination among Children Aged 5 to 11 Years in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10121979. [PMID: 36560389 PMCID: PMC9781819 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10121979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To manage the COVID-19 outbreak, the WHO recommends adult and child vaccination. Vaccine skepticism has been a major worldwide health concern for decades, and the situation is worsening. The primary purpose of this study was to investigate parental willingness to vaccinate their children (aged 5 to 11 years) against COVID-19 and to describe its relationship with attitude, barriers, facilitators, and sources of knowledge regarding the vaccine. Methods: From February to March 2022, a community-based cross-sectional survey was undertaken among the parents of Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia. We employed a convenient sampling procedure to gather the required sample. Using the Raosoft sample size calculator, a minimum sample size of 385 was determined based on a 95% confidence level, a 5% margin of error, and a 5% precision level. The data were analyzed using version 26 of SPSS. A p-value less than 0.05 was judged statistically significant. The Chi-square test and likelihood ratio were utilized to describe the relationship between socio-demographic characteristics, driving factors, and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Vaccine hesitancy associated factors were identified using multivariate binary logistic regression. A total of 528 replies were received. The majority of respondents were mothers (77.7%), aged 26 to 40 years (67.8%), married (91.5%), Saudi nationals (96.2%), college graduates (70.6%), with a monthly family income of more than SAR 10,000 (46.4%), non-healthcare professionals (84.7%), employed in the government sector (33.7%), with three children (23.3%), and children aged 5 to 11 years (88.7%). A little more than half of the parents (55.7%) exhibited considerable vaccination hesitancy. About 16.28% of parents were willing to vaccinate their children as soon as possible, compared to 38.44% who had no interest whatsoever in vaccination. A greater proportion of mothers and unemployed parents were unwilling to vaccinate their children. Parents with a higher monthly income (above SAR 10,000), who worked as healthcare professionals, and whose children suffered from chronic conditions were significantly more ready to vaccinate their children against COVID-19. Parents who were aware of anti-vaccination campaigns and who vaccinated their children with required childhood vaccines were also much more likely to vaccinate their children against COVID-19. Most parents (66.9%) obtained information on COVID-19 via the Saudi Ministry of Health website, followed by social media (48.1%). The vaccine's novelty and the dearth of reliable information about its safety (65%) and insufficient information about its effectiveness (36.2%) were the primary reasons for not vaccinating children against COVID-19, whereas preventing children from contracting COVID-19 (55.9%) and government mandate (38.8%) were the primary reasons for vaccinating children against COVID-19. Conclusions: There was significant parental hesitancy to immunize their children against COVID-19. To involve and educate parents, multi-component interventions must be developed and implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awad Mohammed Al-Qahtani
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Najran University, Najran 66462, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Sarah Abdulrahman Alajlan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ibrahim Ahmed Shaikh
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 66462, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Faisal Saeed Al-Qahtani
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eisa Yazeed Ghazwani
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Najran University, Najran 66462, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser Saeed Al-Qahtani
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Najran University, Najran 66462, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - Bayan Fuad Abbag
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Najran University, Najran 66462, Saudi Arabia
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Effect of vaccination against Covid-19 one year after its introduction in Brazil. Trop Dis Travel Med Vaccines 2022; 8:25. [PMID: 36401301 PMCID: PMC9675092 DOI: 10.1186/s40794-022-00183-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Worldwide, several efforts have been made to develop, distribute and administer safe and effective vaccines to reduce morbidity and mortality and control the Covid-19 pandemic. This study aimed to analyze the effect of vaccination against Covid-19, one year after its introduction in Brazil. METHODS An ecological study that analyzed the general effect of vaccination against Covid-19 on disease morbidity and mortality indicators among the Brazilian population aged 18 years or older per epidemiological week (EW), comparing the pre and postvaccination period. Morbidity and mortality indicators were calculated from secondary databases (hospitalization rate, severity, case fatality rate and mortality) and vaccination coverage by age groups (18 to 59 years and 60 years or older). Morbimortality trends were estimated using the JoinPoint model and their association with vaccine coverage using the Poisson model. RESULTS The average weekly percentage change (AWPC) of morbidity and mortality indicators reduced after the introduction of Covid-19 vaccination: hospitalization rate (from 15.3% to -6.0%), severity (from 0.4% to -0.2%), case fatality rate (from 0.3% to -0.2%) and mortality (from 20.5% to -4.3%). The following indicators were inversely associated with the increase in vaccine coverage against Covid-19: hospitalization (IRR: 0.974), mortality (IRR: 0.975) and lethality for people aged 60 years or older (IRR: 0.997). CONCLUSIONS In spite of the three epidemic waves and the circulation of variants of concern, the general effect of vaccination against Covid-19 in reducing the trend of morbidity and mortality from the disease in Brazil was demonstrated. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the mass vaccination program against Covid-19 and may inform future public health policies.
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85
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Developing a Roadmap for Mass Vaccination of COVID-19 in Iran: A Qualitative Study. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2022; 17:e295. [PMID: 36380492 PMCID: PMC9837420 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2022.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nowadays, the Covid-19 pandemic is 1 of the most important challenges worldwide, especially in terms of health. The most important strategy to prevent and control the Covid-19 pandemic is mass vaccination. This study aimed at developing a roadmap for the mass vaccination of COVID-19 in Iran. METHODS The current study was conducted using a qualitative approach with a content analysis method. In the first step, the review of literature and documents was carried out by a search in scientific databases. In the next step, the data were amassed via in-depth and semi-structured interviews with experts who were selected purposefully, including policymakers, health care workers, and managers. After this, 3 multidisciplinary expert panels for roadmap development were held. RESULTS Based on the literature review, interviews, and 3 stages of an expert panel, the final roadmap was developed with 5 dimensions. These included outcomes, planning and preparation, strategies, and preparation, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation. CONCLUSIONS This roadmap was developed to improve mass vaccination during the COVID-19 pandemic. According to our findings, it is strongly recommended that the vaccination roadmap with all the above-mentioned features and comprehensive structure should be applied to mitigate the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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86
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Ekwebelem OC, Tamasiga P, Tunde Aborode A, Yunusa I, Nwauzoma U, Onyeaka H. COVID-19 Vaccination in Africa: A Case of Unsatisfied Expectation and ill-Preparedness. Vaccine X 2022; 12:100234. [PMID: 36407819 PMCID: PMC9643322 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2022.100234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
With a population of 1.3 billion people, of which 56% reside in rural settings, Africa seemed ill-prepared to handle the distribution of a COVID-19 vaccine. In addition, the capacity needed for a successful COVID-19 vaccination campaign in Africa surpassed the available resources in local and state health agencies. As a result, African governments were advised to coordinate resources, health officials, and vaccinators, including local health practitioners, medical technicians, and pharmacists for the largest-ever vaccination campaign in Africa. Although the rolling out of the SARS-COV-2 vaccine was, as expected, slow in many African countries, and not yet enough to cover the entire population in Africa, the mass vaccination campaign in Africa must continue to ensure that priority for vaccination is extended beyond front-liners (healthcare workers) and specific high-risk populations, which has largely been the case in some African countries. This article highlights the overarching areas that we believe need to be prioritized to enhance Africa’s effectiveness and coverage in the mass COVID-19 vaccination program.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ismaeel Yunusa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Outcomes Sciences, University of South Carolina College of Pharmacy, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Uju Nwauzoma
- Faculty of Environmental Studies University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria
| | - Helen Onyeaka
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK,Corresponding author at: School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT
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87
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Paul E, Fancourt D, Razai M. Racial discrimination, low trust in the health system and COVID-19 vaccine uptake: a longitudinal observational study of 633 UK adults from ethnic minority groups. J R Soc Med 2022; 115:439-447. [PMID: 35512716 PMCID: PMC9723809 DOI: 10.1177/01410768221095241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine whether racial/ethnic discrimination predicts future COVID-19 vaccine refusal, and whether this association is explained by trust in government and the health system. DESIGN Longitudinal observational study of racial/ethnic discrimination occurring since the start of the first lockdown (measured in July 2020) and later COVID-19 vaccine status. SETTING UK (England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland). PARTICIPANTS A total of 633 adults belonging to ethnic minority groups who took part in the UCL COVID-19 Social Study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES COVID-19 vaccine refusal (vs. accepted/waiting/had at least one dose) between 23 December 2020 and 14 June 2021. RESULTS Nearly 1 in 10 (6.69%) who had refused a COVID-19 vaccine had experienced racial/ethnic discrimination in a medical setting since the start of the pandemic and had experienced twice as many incidents of racial/ethnic discrimination than those who had accepted the vaccine. Structural equation modelling results indicated a nearly four fold (odds ratio = 3.91, 95% confidence interval = 1.40 to 10.92) total effect of racial/ethnic discrimination on refusing the vaccine which was mediated by low trust in the health system to handle the pandemic (odds ratio = 2.49, 95% confidence interval = 1.12 to 5.39). Analyses adjusted for a range of demographic and COVID-19 related factors. CONCLUSIONS Findings underscore the importance of addressing racial/ethnic discrimination and the role the National Health Service in regaining trust from ethnic minority groups to increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake among ethnic minority adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Paul
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health, University College London, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - Daisy Fancourt
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Mohammad Razai
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, SW17 0RE, UK
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88
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Cayo-Rojas CF, Córdova-Limaylla N, Briceño-Vergel G, Ladera-Castañeda M, Cachay-Criado H, López-Gurreonero C, Cornejo-Pinto A, Cervantes-Ganoza L. Psychometric evidence of a perception scale about covid-19 vaccination process in Peruvian dentists: a preliminary validation. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:1296. [PMID: 36307809 PMCID: PMC9614191 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08677-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the current pandemic context, dental professionals have greater occupational risks due to their healthcare activity, placing their expectations on the vaccine as a means of protection and at the same time hoping that the immunization process will be safe, reliable and comfortable, giving them greater peace of mind when they return to work. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to develop and provide a preliminary validation of a scale to measure perception of the COVID-19 vaccination process in Peruvian dental professionals. Methods Cross-sectional study with instrumental design. The scale was self-administered virtually. It was distributed through social networks to 220 dental professionals from two universities in the Peruvian capital between June and August 2021. The Aiken V was used for content analysis, while descriptive statistics such as mean, variance, kurtosis and skewness were used for construct validation, in addition to Pearson’s correlation matrix for analysis of the 18 items. Subsequently, a Parallel Analysis based on minimum rank factor analysis was performed. Finally, the reliability of the total scale and its dimensions was evaluated with Cronbach’s alpha. Results The Aiken V coefficient values were favorable for all items. Parallel analysis indicated the existence of three dimensions. Principal component analysis with rotation suggested grouping eight items for the first dimension, six items for the second dimension and four items for the third dimension. These dimensions showed good reliability, as Cronbach’s alpha was 0.87, (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.84–0.90), 0.80 (95% CI: 0.75–0.84) and 0.82 (95% CI: 0.78–0.86), respectively. In addition, the overall reliability of the scale was 0.89 (95% CI: 0.86–0.91), being acceptable. Conclusions The perception scale of the COVID-19 vaccination process in dental professionals proved preliminarily to be a valid and reliable scale that can be used for research purposes. However, it is recommended to extend its application and evaluate its metric properties in other health professionals.
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Gray CA, Lesser G, Guo Y, Shah S, Allen S, Wilkinson LL, Sims OT. COVID-19 Vaccination Intention and Factors Associated with Hesitance and Resistance in the Deep South: Montgomery, Alabama. Trop Med Infect Dis 2022; 7:tropicalmed7110331. [PMID: 36355874 PMCID: PMC9695581 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed7110331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Using COVID-19-related survey data collected from residents in the city of Montgomery, Alabama, this study assessed the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, hesitance, and resistance, and identified factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitance and resistance. To analyze the survey data (n = 1000), a consolidation approach (machine learning modeling and multinomial logistic regression modeling) was used to identify predictors of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and resistance. The prevalence of vaccine acceptance, hesitancy, and resistance was 62%, 23%, and 15%, respectively. Female gender and a higher level of trust that friends and family will provide accurate information about the COVID-19 vaccine were positively associated with vaccine hesitancy. Female gender and higher trust that social media will provide accurate information about COVID-19 were positively associated with vaccine resistance. Factors positively associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitance and resistance in the study's geographical area are worrisome, especially given the high burden of chronic diseases and health disparities that exist in both Montgomery and the Deep South. More research is needed to elucidate COVID-19 vaccination attitudes and reasons for non-acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine. Efforts to improve acceptance should remain a priority in this respective geographical area and across the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cicily A. Gray
- Department of Human Studies, Community Health and Human Services Program, School of Education, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Grace Lesser
- School of Nursing, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06477, USA
| | - Yuqi Guo
- School of Social Work, College of Health and Human Services, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
- School of Data Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - Swapn Shah
- Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - Shauntice Allen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Larrell L. Wilkinson
- Department of Human Studies, Community Health and Human Services Program, School of Education, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Omar T. Sims
- Department of Social Work, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Department of Health Behavior, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Center for AIDS Research, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Integrative Center for Aging Research, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- African American Studies, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Correspondence:
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90
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Wang X, Tang K, Huang R, Yi S. COVID-19 vaccination status and associated factors among lactating women during the COVID-19 outbreak: a cross-sectional study in southern China. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e062447. [PMID: 36270762 PMCID: PMC9593106 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Different countries and institutions around the world have debated whether lactating women should receive the COVID-19 vaccine during the COVID-19 pandemic. In China, lactating is not a contraindication to vaccination, but many women are still hesitant to get vaccinated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the current status of COVID-19 vaccination among lactating women and the related factors affecting vaccination. METHODS An online cross-sectional survey involving 506 lactating women was conducted in southern China. We explored the related factors affecting COVID-19 vaccination of lactating women from three aspects: general information, knowledge-attitude-behaviour towards COVID-19 and its vaccine, and postpartum psychological state. RESULTS A total of 432 lactating women completed the questionnaire, 198 of whom had received the COVID-19 vaccine. On the knowledge-attitude-behaviour questionnaire on COVID-19 and its vaccines, the vaccinated group scored higher than the unvaccinated group on both the three subdimensions of the questionnaire and the total score (p<0.01). The results of binary logistics regression analysis showed that mixed feeding (OR=2.68, 95% CI: 1.82 to 3.96), longer breastfeeding duration (OR=1.31, 95% CI: 1.16 to 1.49), better physical condition (OR=5.28, 95% CI: 1.82 to 15.32), higher attitude score of COVID-19 and its vaccine (OR=1.18, 95% CI: 1.10 to 1.27), and having a travel history in medium high-risk areas (OR=3.49, 95% CI: 1.46 to 8.37) were significantly associated with COVID-19 vaccination in lactating women. Having a master's degree or above (OR=0.03, 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.30), and having higher anxiety score (OR=0.66, 95% CI: 0.54 to 0.81) and depression score (OR=0.84, 95% CI: 0.75 to 0.93) were inversely associated with COVID-19 vaccination in lactating women. CONCLUSION 45.8% of lactating women were vaccinated against COVID-19. Education level, feeding methods, duration of breast feeding, travel history in medium high-risk areas, physical condition, attitude score of COVID-19 and its vaccine, anxiety symptom and depressive symptom score were associated with vaccination of lactating women. More interventions based on these factors were needed to reduce concerns for lactating women and increase their vaccination rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofen Wang
- Department of Nursing, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kun Tang
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Rong Huang
- Emergency Department, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Simin Yi
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Gong F, Gong Z, Li Z, Min H, Zhang J, Li X, Fu T, Fu X, He J, Wang Z, Wang Y, Wu Y. Impact of Media Use on Chinese Public Behavior towards Vaccination with the COVID-19 Vaccine: A Latent Profile Analysis. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10101737. [PMID: 36298602 PMCID: PMC9607196 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10101737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: research on vaccines has received extensive attention during epidemics. However, few studies have focused on the impact of media use on vaccination behavior and the factors influencing vaccination in groups with different media use degrees; (2) Method: Based on seven items related to media use, a total of 11,031 respondents were categorized by the frequency of media use by using latent profile analysis (LPA). Binary regression analysis was used to study the factors that influence the vaccination behaviors of people with different media use frequencies; (3) Results: All respondents were classified into the following three groups: media use low frequency (9.7%), media use general (67.1%), and media use high frequency (23.2%). Media use low frequency (β = −0.608, p < 0.001) was negatively associated with COVID-19 vaccination behavior. In the media use low frequency, analysis showed that “aged 41 years or older” β = 1.784, p < 0.001), had religious belief (β = 0.075, p < 0.05), were ethnic minorities (β = 0.936, p < 0.01) and had friends support (β = 0.923, p < 0.05) were associated with a preference to accept the COVID-19 vaccine. In the media use general, those who aged 41 years old and older (β = 1.682, p < 0.001), had major depression (β = 0.951, p < 0.05), had friends support (β = 0.048, p < 0.001) would be more likely to receive COVID-19 vaccination. However, respondents who live in towns (β = −0.300, p < 0.01) had lower behaviors to receive vaccination for COVID-19. In the media use high frequency, the respondents who aged 41 or older (β = 1.010, p < 0.001), were ethnic minorities (β = 0.741, p < 0.001), had moderate depression (β = 1.003, p < 0.05) would receive the vaccination for COVID-19 positively; (4) Conclusions: The more occluded the media use is, the less likely the respondents are to get vaccinated against COVID-19. Vaccination behavior is influenced by different factors in groups with different frequencies of media use. Therefore, the government and appropriate departments should make individualized and targeted strategies about COVID-19 vaccination and disseminate the vaccination information to different media use groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangmin Gong
- School of Literature and Journalism Communication, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China
| | - Zhuliu Gong
- School of Literature and Journalism Communication, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China
- Correspondence: (Z.G.); (Y.W.); Tel.: +86-186-9238-7960 (Z.G.); +86-181-456-81982 (Y.W.)
| | - Zhou Li
- School of Literature and Journalism Communication, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China
| | - Hewei Min
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jinzi Zhang
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150088, China
| | - Xialei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Tongtong Fu
- Department of Nursing, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110055, China
| | - Xiaomin Fu
- School of Management, Hainan Medical College, Haikou 571100, China
| | - Jingbo He
- School of Public Health, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637100, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410017, China
| | - Yujia Wang
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150088, China
- Correspondence: (Z.G.); (Y.W.); Tel.: +86-186-9238-7960 (Z.G.); +86-181-456-81982 (Y.W.)
| | - Yibo Wu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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92
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Miao Y, Zhang W, Li Y, Wu J, Xu D, Gu J, Wang M, Wei W, Ye B, Miao C, Tarimo CS, Dong W. Association between lifestyle and COVID-19 vaccination: A national cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:918743. [PMID: 36304239 PMCID: PMC9593211 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.918743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess lifestyles, COVID-19 vaccination coverage rates, and the relationships between lifestyles and COVID-19 vaccination among Chinese population. Methods We collected data on sociodemographics, perception of the COVID-19 pandemic, lifestyles, and self-reported COVID-19 vaccination via an online survey in China. The chi-square goodness-of-fit test was used to monitor sample saturation throughout the formal online survey. The binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the association between COVID-19 vaccination rate and lifestyle score. We assigned values to 12 lifestyles ranging from positive to negative, with positive lifestyles receiving a higher score and negative lifestyles receiving a lower score, ranging from 1 to 5. For each participant, the total lifestyle scored from 12 to 56. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) was used to visualize the trends and correlations between lifestyle score and COVID-19 vaccination coverage. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to explore the association between specific lifestyles and COVID-19 vaccination. Results A total of 29,925 participants (51.4% females) responded. The lifestyle score of the sample was 44.60 ± 6.13 (scoring range: 12-56). COVID-19 vaccination rate was found to be 89.4% (89.1-89.8%). Female participants reported a higher vaccination rate than male participants (91.5 vs. 87.1%). Compared to Q1, COVID-19 vaccination coverage rates increased with lifestyle total scores [OR Q2 = 1.901 (1.718-2.103), P < 0.001; OR Q3 = 2.373 (2.099-2.684), P < 0.001; and OR Q4 = 3.765 (3.209-4.417), P < 0.001]. After applying PSM, it was determined that all the 12 specific healthy lifestyles analyzed, including maintaining a healthy body weight, a healthy diet, regular physical exercises, adequate sleep, regular physical examination, and others, were found to be positive factors for COVID-19 vaccination. Conclusion The majority of mainland Chinese lived a healthy lifestyle throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, and the rate of COVID-19 vaccination was high. Specific healthy lifestyles contributed to COVID-19 vaccination coverage rates significantly. According to the study's findings, global efforts to achieve herd immunity should be prioritized by continually promoting healthy lifestyles and improving public perception of COVID-19 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Miao
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Henan Research Center for He'nan Institute for Health Economy and Health Technology Assessment (HTA), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wanliang Zhang
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Henan Research Center for He'nan Institute for Health Economy and Health Technology Assessment (HTA), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Henan Research Center for He'nan Institute for Health Economy and Health Technology Assessment (HTA), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Henan Research Center for He'nan Institute for Health Economy and Health Technology Assessment (HTA), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dongyang Xu
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Henan Research Center for He'nan Institute for Health Economy and Health Technology Assessment (HTA), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianqin Gu
- Research Center for Lifestyle Medicine, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Meiyun Wang
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Beizhu Ye
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Henan Research Center for He'nan Institute for Health Economy and Health Technology Assessment (HTA), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chengyuan Miao
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Henan Research Center for He'nan Institute for Health Economy and Health Technology Assessment (HTA), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Clifford Silver Tarimo
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Henan Research Center for He'nan Institute for Health Economy and Health Technology Assessment (HTA), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenyong Dong
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,*Correspondence: Wenyong Dong
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93
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Khan W, Khan BM, Yasen S, Al-Dahiri A, Al-Jumeily D, Dajani K, Hussain A. COVID-19 Vaccination and Mental Stress within Diverse Sociodemographic Groups. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12932. [PMID: 36232231 PMCID: PMC9565099 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we surveyed 635 participants to determine: (a) major causes of mental stress during the pandemic and its future impacts, and (b) diversity in public perception of the COVID-19 vaccination and its acceptance (specifically for children). Statistical results and intelligent clustering outcomes indicate significant associations between sociodemographic diversity, mental stress causes, and vaccination perception. For instance, statistical results indicate significant dependence between gender (we will use term 'sex' in the rest of the manuscript) and mental stress due to COVID-19 infection (p = 1.7 × 10-5). Over 25% of males indicated work-related stress compared to 35% in females, however, females indicated that they were more stressed (17%) due to relationships compared to males (12%). Around 30% of Asian/Arabic participants do not feel that the vaccination is safe as compared to 8% of white British and 22% of white Europeans, indicating significant dependence (p = 1.8 × 10-8) with ethnicity. More specifically, vaccination acceptance for children is significantly dependent with ethnicity (p = 3.7 × 10-5) where only 47% participants show willingness towards children's vaccination. The primary dataset in this study along with experimental outcomes identifying sociodemographic information diversity with respect to public perception and acceptance of vaccination in children and potential stress factors might be useful for the public and policymakers to help them be better prepared for future epidemics, as well as working globally to combat mental health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasiq Khan
- School of Computer Science and Mathematics, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
| | - Bilal M. Khan
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, California State University, San Bernardino, CA 92407, USA
| | - Salwa Yasen
- The Hollies Family Surgery, 10 Elbow Lane, Formby, Liverpool L37 4AF, UK
| | | | - Dhiya Al-Jumeily
- School of Computer Science and Mathematics, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
| | - Khalil Dajani
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, California State University, San Bernardino, CA 92407, USA
| | - Abir Hussain
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
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94
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Zeid N, Tang L. Egyptian Newspapers Coverage of COVID-19 Vaccines: A Theoretically Driven Content Analysis. JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2022; 27:727-736. [PMID: 36567666 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2022.2157908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The Egyptian government has acquired COVID-19 vaccines from different sources; however, the vaccination rates and vaccine acceptance among the public remained low. News media play an influential role in shaping the public's understanding of medical issues and promoting health behaviors such as vaccination. Guided by the Extended Parallel Processing Model (EPPM) and the framing theory, a content analysis of COVID-19 vaccines coverage in two established Egyptian newspapers in Arabic (Al-Goumhuria and Al-Masry Al-Youm) between January 2020 and November 2021 was conducted. Findings suggested that the Egyptian newspapers focused on the efficacy of the vaccines but downplayed the severity of COVID-19. Most articles from both newspapers did not use gain or loss frames, although Al-Goumhuria was most likely to use both (loss and gain) frames simultaneously. Specific vaccine information regarding its safety, side effects, and effectiveness was minimal in both newspapers. The differences in COVID-19 vaccine coverage between the two newspapers were limited, suggesting a high level of government control of COVID-19 related content, regardless of whether it is state- or private-owned newspaper. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour Zeid
- Department of Communication& Journalism, Texas A&M University, College Station Texas USA
| | - Lu Tang
- Department of Communication& Journalism, Texas A&M University, College Station Texas USA
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95
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Nasralah T, Elnoshokaty A, El-Gayar O, Al-Ramahi M, Wahbeh A. A comparative analysis of anti-vax discourse on twitter before and after COVID-19 onset. Health Informatics J 2022; 28:14604582221135831. [PMID: 36416280 PMCID: PMC9692178 DOI: 10.1177/14604582221135831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify and assess the prevalence of vaccine-hesitancy-related topics on Twitter in the periods before and after the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. Using a search query, 272,780 tweets associated with anti-vaccine topics and posted between 1 January 2011, and 15 January 2021, were collected. The tweets were classified into a list of 11 topics and analyzed for trends during the periods before and after the onset of COVID-19. Since the beginning of COVID-19, the percentage of anti-vaccine tweets has increased for two topics, “government and politics” and “conspiracy theories,” and decreased for “developmental disabilities.” Compared to tweets regarding flu and measles, mumps, and rubella vaccines, those concerning COVID-19 vaccines showed larger percentages for the topics of conspiracy theories and alternative treatments, and a lower percentage for developmental disabilities. The results support existing anti-vaccine literature and the assertion that anti-vaccine sentiments are an important public-health issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tareq Nasralah
- Supply Chain and Information Management Group, D’Amore-McKim School of Business, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Abdullah Wahbeh
- Slippery Rock University of Pennsylvania, Slippery Rock, PA, United States
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96
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Wang X, Wang H, Du A, Wang J, Shi J, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Ma J, Meng W, Lv J, Luo H. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and associated factors among infertile couples undergoing assisted reproductive treatment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:973600. [PMID: 36238271 PMCID: PMC9552881 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.973600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Although periconception vaccination is important to maternal and neonatal health, little is known about the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among infertile couples seeking fertility treatment. Thus, we conducted this survey among infertile patients in a reproductive medicine center, between September 2021 and December 2021, to estimate the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and its influencing factors. Information was collected through face-to-face interviews among volunteers. Among the 987 included interviewees, 17.33% reported hesitancy in primary vaccination, 25.63% reported hesitancy in booster vaccination, and 32.32% delayed the primary vaccination. Hesitancy in primary vaccination was associated with unexplained infertility (OR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.05-2.98), ongoing IVF treatment (OR: 2.17, 95% CI: 1.22-3.89), concerns for vaccine safety (OR: 4.13, 95% CI: 2.66-6.42), effectiveness (OR: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.15-2.28), and influence on pregnancy (OR: 2.80, 95% CI: 1.68-4.67). These factors were also associated with hesitancy in booster vaccination. Delay of the primary vaccination was inversely associated with a college or above degree (OR: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.27-0.87), previous history of influenza vaccination (OR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.46-0.98), and was positively associated with concerns for the influence on pregnancy (OR: 7.78, 95% CI: 5.01-12.07). It is necessary to carry out targeted education program by health professionals to publicize the benefits of periconception vaccination, and to reduce the resistance to COVID-19 vaccine among infertile couples.
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97
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Hsiao SH, Huang SJ, Huang CY. Vaccination Strategies at a COVID-19 Mass Vaccination Site. Int J Health Policy Manag 2022; 11:1981-1982. [PMID: 35247942 PMCID: PMC9808219 DOI: 10.34172/ijhpm.2022.6881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sheng-Jean Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of surgery, Medical College, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Yu Huang
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei City Hospital RenAi Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Oral Hygiene and Healthcare, Cardinal Tien College of Health and Management, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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98
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COVID-19 Vaccine Mandates for Healthcare Professionals in the United States. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10091425. [PMID: 36146503 PMCID: PMC9504674 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10091425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthcare workers (HCWs) need to be vaccinated against COVID-19 because they care for vulnerable patients. Hesitation to receiving the COVID-19 vaccine stems from the argument of bodily autonomy, novel mRNA vaccine technology, and conspiracy theories. However, vaccinations may prevent thousands of hospitalizations and deaths. HCWs have previously complied with other required vaccinations to care for children, elderly, and immunocompromised patients. Yet, COVID-19 vaccination mandates in the healthcare setting have been faced with resistance and subsequent staffing shortages. As HCWs display their hesitation to the vaccine, the community loses trust in its efficacy and safety. Speculation on pharmaceutical profiteering has also contributed to vaccine mistrust. As the pandemic continues, the healthcare field must decide on a course of action: adhere to vaccination mandates and cope with decreased staffing, repeal vaccination mandates to recover staff, rely on personal protective equipment (PPE) alone for protection, or do nothing and expect survival through herd immunity. To date, the United States has chosen to mandate COVID-19 vaccinations for any healthcare worker employed by Medicare and/or Medicaid-accepting facilities, allowing allergy and religious exemptions. This COVID-19 vaccination mandate for HCWs ethically protects the vulnerable people who HCWs vow to care for.
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99
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Bilosomes as Nanoplatform for Oral Delivery and Modulated In Vivo Antimicrobial Activity of Lycopene. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091043. [PMID: 36145264 PMCID: PMC9505130 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Owing to the disseminating resistance among pathogenic bacteria, especially Klebsiella pneumoniae, there is a high need for alternate compounds with antibacterial activity. Herein, lycopene was isolated from Lycopersicon esculentum L. Molecular docking approach was employed to explore lycopene binding affinity to selected vital proteins of K. pneumoniae with the binding mechanisms being investigated. This proposed a promising antibacterial activity of lycopene. However, the pharmacological use of lycopene is hampered by its poor solubility and limited oral bioavailability. Accordingly, bilosomes were fabricated for oral lycopene delivery. The computed entrapment efficiency, mean vesicular size, and zeta potential values for the optimized formulation were 93.2 ± 0.6%, 485.8 ± 35.3 nm, and −38.3 ± 4, respectively. In vitro drug release studies revealed controlled lycopene release from constructed bilosomes, with the drug liberation being based on the Higuchi kinetics model. Transmission electron microscopic evaluation of bilosomes revealed spherical nanovesicles free from aggregates. Moreover, the in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity of lycopene and its constructed formulations against multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates were explored. The optimized bilosomes exhibited the lowest minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 8 to 32 µg/mL. In addition, scanning electron microscopy revealed remarkable deformation and lysis of the bilosomes-treated bacterial cells. Regarding in vivo investigation, a lung infection model in mice was employed. The tested bilosomes reduced the inflammation and congestion in the treated mice’s lung tissues, resulting in normal-sized bronchioles and alveoli with very few congested vessels. In addition, it resulted in a significant reduction in pulmonary fibrosis. In conclusion, this study investigated the potential activity of the naturally isolated lycopene in controlling infections triggered by multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates. Furthermore, it introduced bilosomes as a promising biocompatible nanocarrier for modulation of oral lycopene delivery and in vivo antimicrobial activity.
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100
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Lu L, Gu W, Xie H, Wang X, Cao L, Shan M, Wu P, Tian Y, Zhou K. Parental Attitudes Towards Vaccination Against COVID-19 in China During Pandemic. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:4541-4546. [PMID: 35996722 PMCID: PMC9391943 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s369267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The Chinese government has authorized the emergency use of an inactivated vaccine for COVID-19 in children and adolescents aged 3 to 17 years. This study aimed to investigate parents' attitudes towards vaccinating their children against COVID-19 and influencing factors. Patients and Methods Through an online questionnaire survey, we collected self-reported children's demographic characteristics, physical conditions and parents' attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination for children. The parents in the unwilling group received online consultation about the benefits and risks of COVID-19 vaccine and were asked to complete the questionnaire again. Results A total of 868 participants were recruited from July 2021 to August 2021 in Nanjing, China. Overall, 76.0% of parents were willing to accept vaccination for children. Parents' willingness increased with children's age (P=0.018) and height (P=0.034), but decreased if the children fell sick within previous one month (P=0.030). Most of the unwilling parents gave a higher score to the risk of vaccination (53.76 VS 40.18). Unsafety (63.8%) and unfamiliarity (24.0%) were their major concerns. After consultation with a health worker, 24% of the unwilling parents turned willing. Conclusion Children's age and recent physical condition are related to parents' attitudes towards vaccination for children against COVID-19. The major concerns of parents are unsafety and unfamiliarity. Parents view health workers as a reliable source of vaccine information. A successful consultation with health workers to understand the benefits and risks of vaccination can increase parents' willingness. This study provides insight into parents' attitudes towards vaccination for children against COVID-19 in China and related influencing factors. Our findings could be referenced in establishing policies for vaccinating children against COVID-19 in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Lu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Gu
- Department of Quality Management, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Xie
- Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Cao
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingfeng Shan
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Zhou
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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