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Li H, Han S, Sun Q, Yao Y, Li S, Yuan C, Zhang B, Jing B, Wu J, Song Y, Wang H. Long non-coding RNA CDKN2B-AS1 reduces inflammatory response and promotes cholesterol efflux in atherosclerosis by inhibiting ADAM10 expression. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:1695-1715. [PMID: 30926762 PMCID: PMC6461186 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play key roles in the development of atherosclerosis through the inflammatory pathway. This study aimed to investigate the role of lncRNA cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2B antisense RNA 1 (CDKN2B-AS1) in atherosclerosis via its function in A disintegrin and metalloprotease 10 (ADAM10). METHODS Initially, the expression of CDKN2B-AS1 and ADAM10 in atherosclerotic plaque tissues and THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells was determined, after which the cholesterol efflux rate of macrophages was calculated. Interaction between CDKN2B-AS1 and ADAM10 was analyzed, after which, expression of CDKN2B-AS1 and ADAM10 were altered to explore their effects on inflammatory response and cholesterol efflux. The aforementioned findings were further intended to be validated by the atherosclerosis mouse model experiments. RESULTS Atherosclerotic plaque tissue and THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells exhibited downregulated CDKN2B-AS1 and upregulated ADAM10. Upon overexpressing CDKN2B-AS1 or silencing ADAM10, lipid accumulation was reduced and cholesterol efflux was increased. CDKN2B-AS1 located in the nucleus could bind to DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) to enhance methylation of ADAM10 promoter, leading to suppressed atherosclerotic inflammatory response and promoted cholesterol efflux. CONCLUSION Altogether, lncRNA CDKN2B-AS1 can inhibit the transcription of ADAM10 via DNMT1-mediated ADAM10 DNA methylation, consequently preventing inflammatory response of atherosclerosis and promoting cholesterol efflux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haocheng Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
- Equal contribution
| | - Song Han
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
- Equal contribution
| | - Qingfeng Sun
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Ye Yao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Shiyong Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Chao Yuan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Bao Jing
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Jia Wu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Ye Song
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
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Lu W, He X, Su L, Miao J. Long Noncoding RNA-CERNA1 Stabilized Atherosclerotic Plaques in apolipoprotein E -/- Mice. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2019; 12:425-434. [PMID: 30888631 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-019-09883-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is predicted to be the primary cause of death in the world by 2020. Changes in atherosclerotic plaque composition will lead to acute coronary syndromes. Although the studies on the molecular mechanisms of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) are in-depth in molecular and cell levels, the in vivo research which studied the knowledge about lncRNAs in the regulation of plaque composition is still sparse. In this study, in order to investigate how a new lncRNA, CERNA1, regulates the composition of atherosclerotic plaques, we overexpressed CERNA1 in apolipoprotein E-/- (Apo E-/-) mice and analyzed the role of CERNA1 in atherosclerotic plaque stabilization. The results showed that CERNA1 inhibited the apoptosis of VSMCs and anti-inflammatory macrophages through increasing API5 level and further stabilized the atherosclerotic plaques. This discovery provided a novel therapeutic target for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying He
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Su
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Junying Miao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China. .,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China.
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Cytoprotective effects of euxanthone against ox-LDL-induced endothelial cell injury is mediated via Nrf2. Life Sci 2019; 223:174-184. [PMID: 30890405 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic condition of the arterial vessels and a risk factor for myocardial infarction and stroke. Euxanthone is a xanthone compound extracted from Polygala caudata, and shows vasodilatory action. The aim of this study was to determine the potential pharmacological effects of euxanthone against oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced endothelial cell injury. MATERIAL AND METHODS Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were exposed to ox-LDL, following pre-treatment with different concentrations of euxanthone. Viability, apoptosis and DNA fragmentation were respectively assessed by CCK-8 assay, Annexin-V/PI staining and TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) assay. The cellular levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were analyzed by enzyme linked immune-sorbent assays (ELISA), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels using dichlorodihydrofluorescin diacetate (DCFH) staining. Quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting were respectively used to analyze the expression levels of specific mRNAs and proteins. HUVECs were transfected with Nrf2 siRNA to induce knockdown of the latter. KEY FINDINGS Euxanthone pre-treatment rescued the HUVECs from ox-LDL-induced cytotoxicity, apoptosis and DNA fragmentation in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, euxanthone also significantly reversed ox-LDL-triggered loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), cytochrome C release from mitochondria to cytosol, cleavage of caspase-3 and PARP, and increase in Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Pre-treatment with euxanthone markedly suppressed ox-LDL-induced ROS generation and inhibition of antioxidant enzymes, as well as the up-regulation of pro-inflammatory factors like MCP-1, IL-1β and TNF-α in the HUVECs. Euxanthone up-regulated and activated Nrf2 by repressing Keap1, and increased the expression of its downstream genes HO-1 and NQO-1. Nrf2 knockdown abrogated the cyto-protective, anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of euxanthone in ox-LDL-treated HUVECs. Finally, euxanthone activated Nrf2 via the MAPK pathway and blocking the latter likewise negated the protective effects of euxanthone against cell ox-LDL. SIGNIFICANCE Euxanthone protected HUVECs against the oxidative and inflammatory damage induced by ox-LDL, indicating its potential as a novel therapeutic agent for AS.
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Yu CG, Bondada V, Ghoshal S, Singh R, Pistilli CK, Dayaram K, Iqbal H, Sands M, Davis KL, Bondada S, Geddes JW. Repositioning Flubendazole for Spinal Cord Injury. J Neurotrauma 2019; 36:2618-2630. [PMID: 30747048 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2018.6160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported the serendipitous observation that fenbendazole, a benzimidazole anthelmintic, improved functional and pathological outcomes following thoracic spinal cord contusion injury in mice when administered pre-injury. Fenbendazole is widely used in veterinary medicine. However, it is not approved for human use and it was uncertain if only post-injury administration would offer similar benefits. In the present study we evaluated post-injury administration of a closely related, human anthelmintic drug, flubendazole, using a rat spinal cord contusion injury model. Flubendazole, administered i.p. 5 or 10 mg/kg day, beginning 3 h post-injury and daily thereafter for 2 or 4 weeks, resulted in improved locomotor function after contusion spinal cord injury (SCI) compared with vehicle-treated controls. Histological analysis of spinal cord sections showed that such treatment with flubendazole also reduced lesion volume and improved total tissue sparing, white matter sparing, and gray matter sparing. Flubendazole inhibited the activation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP); suppressed cyclin B1 expression and Bruton tyrosine kinase activation, markers of B cell activation/proliferation and inflammation; and reduced B cell autoimmune response. Together, these results suggest the use of the benzimidazole anthelmintic flubendazole as a potential therapeutic for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Guang Yu
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Vimala Bondada
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Sarbani Ghoshal
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Ranjana Singh
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Christina K Pistilli
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Kavi Dayaram
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Hina Iqbal
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Madison Sands
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Kate L Davis
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Subarrao Bondada
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - James W Geddes
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky
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Esmaeilzadeh A, Pouyan S, Erfanmanesh M. Is Interleukin-38 a key player cytokine in atherosclerosis immune gene therapy? Med Hypotheses 2019; 125:139-143. [PMID: 30902143 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2019.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease of the arteries associated with lipids and other metabolic alterations is a leading cause of death all around the world and its rate is raising as a result of unhealthy lifestyles. Reports by World Health Organization indicate that 31% of all death occurrences are due to heart attacks and strokes. Today, the most common medicines for treating atherosclerosis are statins which are HMG-coA reductase inhibitors. Beside their benefits in treating atherosclerosis, some side effects have been reported as well. Thus, therapeutic methods based on statins should be evaluated to result in more beneficial effects. Since atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disorder, an anti-inflammatory component can decrease the impact of this disease. Interleukin-38, a newly discovered anti-inflammatory cytokine, which acts as an Interleukin-36 receptor antagonist can block Nuclear Factor KB and Activator protein-1 signaling pathways, and block atherogenic core formation accordingly. This novel proposed immune gene therapy can be applied to atherosclerosis treatment in a trial study. In this hypothesis, Interleukin-38 gene is transferred into bone marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells of atherosclerotic mouse model Apo E-/- via an adenoviral vector. It is expected that Interleukin-38 gene expression by Mesenchymal Stem Cells can efficiently remedy atherosclerosis without the side effects of statins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdolreza Esmaeilzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran; Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Shabnam Pouyan
- School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Maryam Erfanmanesh
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran
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56
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Yun CW, Lee SH. Enhancement of Functionality and Therapeutic Efficacy of Cell-Based Therapy Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Cardiovascular Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20040982. [PMID: 30813471 PMCID: PMC6412804 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease usually triggers coronary heart disease, stroke, and ischemic diseases, thus promoting the development of functional failure. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are cells that can be isolated from various human tissues, with multipotent and immunomodulatory characteristics to help damaged tissue repair and avoidance of immune responses. Much research has proved the feasibility, safety, and efficiency of MSC-based therapy for cardiovascular disease. Despite the fact that the precise mechanism of MSCs remains unclear, their therapeutic capability to treat ischemic diseases has been tested in phase I/II clinical trials. MSCs have the potential to become an effective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of ischemic and non-ischemic cardiovascular disorders. The molecular mechanism underlying the efficacy of MSCs in promoting engraftment and accelerating the functional recovery of injury sites is still unclear. It is hypothesized that the mechanisms of paracrine effects for the cardiac repair, optimization of the niche for cell survival, and cardiac remodeling by inflammatory control are involved in the interaction between MSCs and the damaged myocardial environment. This review focuses on recent experimental and clinical findings related to cardiovascular disease. We focus on MSCs, highlighting their roles in cardiovascular disease repair, differentiation, and MSC niche, and discuss their therapeutic efficacy and the current status of MSC-based cardiovascular disease therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chul Won Yun
- Medical Science Research Institute, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul 04401, Korea.
| | - Sang Hun Lee
- Medical Science Research Institute, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul 04401, Korea.
- Department of Biochemistry, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan 34538, Korea.
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57
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Wang N, Li JY, Li S, Guo XC, Wu T, Wang WF, Li DS. Fibroblast growth factor 21 regulates foam cells formation and inflammatory response in Ox-LDL-induced THP-1 macrophages. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:1825-1834. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.09.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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Chandra D, Londino J, Alexander S, Bednash JS, Zhang Y, Friedlander RM, Daskivich G, Carlisle DL, Lariviere WR, Nakassa ACI, Ross M, St Croix C, Nyunoya T, Sciurba F, Chen B, Mallampalli RK. The SCFFBXO3 ubiquitin E3 ligase regulates inflammation in atherosclerosis. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 126:50-59. [PMID: 30448480 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is critical in the pathobiology of atherosclerosis. An essential player in the inflammatory process in atherosclerosis are macrophages that scavenge oxidatively modified low-density lipoproteins (OxLDL) deposited in the subendothelium of systemic arteries that secrete a myriad of pro-inflammatory mediators. Here, we identified that a subunit of the Skp-Cullin-F-box ubiquitin E3 ligase apparatus, termed FBXO3, modulates the inflammatory response in atherosclerosis. Specifically, individuals with a hypofunctioning genetic variant of FBXO3 develop less atherosclerosis. FBXO3 protein is present in cells of monocytic lineage within carotid plaques and its levels increase in those with symptomatic compared with asymptomatic atherosclerosis. Further, cellular depletion or small molecule inhibition of FBXO3 significantly reduced the inflammatory response to OxLDL by macrophages without altering OxLDL uptake. Thus, FBXO3 potentiates vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis that can be effectively mitigated by a small molecule inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divay Chandra
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - James Londino
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Shaun Alexander
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Joseph S Bednash
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Robert M Friedlander
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Grant Daskivich
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Diane L Carlisle
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - William R Lariviere
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | | | - Mark Ross
- Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Claudette St Croix
- Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Toru Nyunoya
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Medical Specialty Service Line, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Frank Sciurba
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Bill Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Rama K Mallampalli
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Medical Specialty Service Line, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
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Sweet ME, Cocciolo A, Slavov D, Jones KL, Sweet JR, Graw SL, Reece TB, Ambardekar AV, Bristow MR, Mestroni L, Taylor MRG. Transcriptome analysis of human heart failure reveals dysregulated cell adhesion in dilated cardiomyopathy and activated immune pathways in ischemic heart failure. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:812. [PMID: 30419824 PMCID: PMC6233272 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-5213-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Current heart failure (HF) treatment is based on targeting symptoms and left ventricle dysfunction severity, relying on a common HF pathway paradigm to justify common treatments for HF patients. This common strategy may belie an incomplete understanding of heterogeneous underlying mechanisms and could be a barrier to more precise treatments. We hypothesized we could use RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) in human heart tissue to delineate HF etiology-specific gene expression signatures. Results RNA-seq from 64 human left ventricular samples: 37 dilated (DCM), 13 ischemic (ICM), and 14 non-failing (NF). Using a multi-analytic approach including covariate adjustment for age and sex, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified characterizing HF and disease-specific expression. Pathway analysis investigated enrichment for biologically relevant pathways and functions. DCM vs NF and ICM vs NF had shared HF-DEGs that were enriched for the fetal gene program and mitochondrial dysfunction. DCM-specific DEGs were enriched for cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion pathways. ICM-specific DEGs were enriched for cytoskeletal and immune pathway activation. Using the ICM and DCM DEG signatures from our data we were able to correctly classify the phenotypes of 24/31 ICM and 32/36 DCM samples from publicly available replication datasets. Conclusions Our results demonstrate the commonality of mitochondrial dysfunction in end-stage HF but more importantly reveal key etiology-specific signatures. Dysfunctional cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion signatures typified DCM whereas signals related to immune and fibrotic responses were seen in ICM. These findings suggest that transcriptome signatures may distinguish end-stage heart failure, shedding light on underlying biological differences between ICM and DCM. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-5213-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Sweet
- Human Medical Genetics and Genomics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Andrea Cocciolo
- Cardiovascular Institute and Adult Medical Genetics Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Dobromir Slavov
- Cardiovascular Institute and Adult Medical Genetics Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kenneth L Jones
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology, Oncology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Joseph R Sweet
- Department of Statistics, E. & J. Gallo, Modesto, CA, USA
| | - Sharon L Graw
- Cardiovascular Institute and Adult Medical Genetics Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - T Brett Reece
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Colorado Hospital, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Amrut V Ambardekar
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Michael R Bristow
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Luisa Mestroni
- Human Medical Genetics and Genomics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.,Cardiovascular Institute and Adult Medical Genetics Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Matthew R G Taylor
- Human Medical Genetics and Genomics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA. .,Cardiovascular Institute and Adult Medical Genetics Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
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Khan R, Rheaume E, Tardif JC. Examining the Role of and Treatment Directed at IL-1β in Atherosclerosis. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2018; 20:53. [DOI: 10.1007/s11883-018-0754-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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61
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Ma L, Dai J, Chen J, Cai HW, Li JY, Li XY, Chen SJ, Mao W. Research Progress of Angiogenesis in Atherosclerotic Plaque in Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine. Chin J Integr Med 2018; 24:950-955. [PMID: 30178090 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-018-2569-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis in atherosclerotic plaque plays a critical role in the mechanism of atherosclerotic physiopathology. Present consensus shows that angiogenesis in atherosclerotic plaque is mainly resulted in hypoxia, inflammation and some pro-angiogenic factors. The homeostasis in plaque, which is hypoxic and infiltrated by inflammatory cells, may lead to angiogenesis, increase the plaque instability and the incidence rate of vascular events. This article reviews the progression of pathogenetic mechanism, physiopathological significance, relevant detecting technique and corresponding therapeutic methods of Chinese and Western medicine of angiogenesis in atherosclerotic plaque, so as to provide more theoretical basis for atherosclerotic clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Ma
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Jin Dai
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Jie Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Hong-Wen Cai
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Jia-Ying Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Xin-Yao Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Shen-Jie Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Wei Mao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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Baek SE, Park SY, Bae SS, Kim K, Lee WS, Kim CD. BLTR1 in Monocytes Emerges as a Therapeutic Target For Vascular Inflammation With a Subsequent Intimal Hyperplasia in a Murine Wire-Injured Femoral Artery. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1938. [PMID: 30210495 PMCID: PMC6121004 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the importance of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) signaling in vascular inflammation, we investigated the role of leukotriene signaling in monocytes on monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation (MMD) induced by HMGB1, and on vascular inflammation and subsequent intimal hyperplasia in a mouse model of wire-injured femoral artery. In cultured primary bone marrow-derived cells (BMDCs) stimulated with HMGB1, the number of cells with macrophage-like morphology was markedly increased in association with an increased expression of CD11b/Mac-1, which were attenuated in cells pre-treated with Zileuton, a 5-LO inhibitor as well as in 5-LO-deficient BMDCs. Of various leukotriene receptor inhibitors examined, which included leukotriene B4 receptors (BLTRs) and cysteinyl leukotriene receptors (cysLTRs), the BLTR1 inhibitor (U75302) exclusively suppressed MMD induction by HMGB1. The importance of BLTR1 in HMGB1-induced MMD was also observed in BMDCs isolated from BLTR1-deficient mice and BMDCs transfected with BLTR1 siRNA. Although leukotriene B4 (LTB4) had minimal direct effects on MMD in control and 5-LO-deficient BMDCs, MMD attenuation by HMGB1 in 5-LO-deficient BMDCs was significantly reversed by exogenous LTB4, but not in BLTR1-deficient BMDCs, suggesting that LTB4/BLTR1-mediated priming of monocytes is a prerequisite of HMGB1-induced MMD. In vivo, both macrophage infiltration and intimal hyperplasia in our wire-injured femoral artery were markedly attenuated in BLTR1-deficient mice as compared with wild-type controls, but these effects were reversed in BLTR1-deficient mice transplanted with monocytes from control mice. These results suggest that BLTR1 in monocytes is a pivotal player in MMD with subsequent macrophage infiltration into neointima, leading to vascular remodeling after vascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung E Baek
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea.,Gene and Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-Associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - So Y Park
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea.,Gene and Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-Associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Sun S Bae
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea.,Gene and Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-Associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Koanhoi Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Won S Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Chi D Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea.,Gene and Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-Associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
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63
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Ye J, Wang C, Wang D, Yuan H. LncRBA GSA5, up-regulated by ox-LDL, aggravates inflammatory response and MMP expression in THP-1 macrophages by acting like a sponge for miR-221. Exp Cell Res 2018; 369:348-355. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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64
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Chen H, Lu A, Zhang X, Gui L, Wang Y, Wu J, Feng H, Peng S, Zhao M. Design and development of ICCA as a dual inhibitor of GPIIb/IIIa and P-selectin receptors. Drug Des Devel Ther 2018; 12:2097-2110. [PMID: 30022809 PMCID: PMC6042529 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s169238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of upregulation of platelet membrane glycoprotein (GP)IIb/IIIa and P-selectin on the onset of arterial thrombosis, venous thrombosis, and cancer encourages to hypothesize that dual inhibitor of GPIIb/IIIa and P-selectin receptors should simultaneously inhibit arterial thrombosis, block venous thrombosis, and slow tumor growth. METHODS For this reason, the structural characteristics and the CDOCKER interaction energies of 12 carbolines were analyzed. This led to the design of 1-(4-isopropyl-phenyl)-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid (ICCA) as a promising inhibitor of GPIIb/IIIa and P-selectin receptors. RESULTS The synthetic route provided ICCA in 48% total yield and 99.6% high-performance liquid chromatography purity. In vivo 5 μmol/kg oral ICCA downregulated GPIIb/IIIa and P-selectin expression thereby inhibited arterial thrombosis, blocked venous thrombosis, and slowed down tumor growth, but did not damage the kidney and the liver. CONCLUSION Therefore, ICCA could be a promising candidate capable of downregulating GPIIb/IIIa and P-selectin receptors, inhibiting arterial thrombosis, blocking venous thrombosis, and slowing down tumor growth.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/chemical synthesis
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/chemistry
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/pharmacology
- Carbolines/chemical synthesis
- Carbolines/chemistry
- Carbolines/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Down-Regulation/drug effects
- Doxorubicin/chemical synthesis
- Doxorubicin/chemistry
- Doxorubicin/pharmacology
- Drug Design
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred ICR
- Models, Molecular
- Molecular Structure
- Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- P-Selectin/antagonists & inhibitors
- P-Selectin/metabolism
- Platelet Aggregation/drug effects
- Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/chemical synthesis
- Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/chemistry
- Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex/antagonists & inhibitors
- Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Structure-Activity Relationship
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Chen
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - An Lu
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Lin Gui
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Yaonan Wang
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Jianhui Wu
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Hua Feng
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Shiqi Peng
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Ming Zhao
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China, ;
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ;
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65
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Walquist MJ, Stormo SK, Østerud B, Elvevoll EO, Eilertsen KE. Cold-pressed minke whale oil reduces circulating LDL/VLDL-cholesterol, lipid oxidation and atherogenesis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice fed a Western-type diet for 13 weeks. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2018; 15:35. [PMID: 29755576 PMCID: PMC5935995 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-018-0269-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long-chain n3-polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n3-PUFA) are well known for their anti-inflammatory activity and their impact on cardiovascular disease. Cold-pressed whale oil (CWO) has half the amount of LC n3-PUFA compared to cod liver oil (CLO). Still, there has been observed more pronounced beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease markers from intake of CWO compared to intake of CLO in human intervention studies. Extracts from CWO deprived of fatty acids have also been shown to display antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects in vitro. The aim of this study was to investigate whether intake of a high-fat Western-type diet (WD) supplemented with CWO would prevent the development of atherosclerotic lesions in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice. Methods Seventy female ApoE-/- mice were fed a WD containing 1% CWO, CLO or corn oil (CO). Atherosclerotic lesion formation, body and tissue weights, hepatic gene expression together with serum levels of LDL/VLDL-cholesterol, ox-LDL, total antioxidant status and various serum cardiovascular disease/proinflammatory markers were evaluated. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS, and Shapiro-Wilk's test was performed to determine the distribution of the variables. Statistical difference was assessed using One-Way ANOVA with Tukeys' post hoc test or Kruskal-Wallis test. The hepatic relative gene expression was analysed with REST 2009 (V2.0.13). Results Mice fed CWO had less atherosclerotic lesions in the aortic arch compared to mice fed CO. Levels of LDL/VLDL-cholesterol and ox-LDL-cholesterol were also markedly reduced whereas total antioxidant levels were enhanced in mice fed CWO compared to CO-fed mice. In addition, CWO-fed mice gained less weight and several hepatic genes involved in the cholesterol metabolism were up-regulated compared to CO-fed mice. Conclusion In the present study mice fed a WD supplemented with 1% CWO had reduced formation of atherosclerotic lesions in the aortic arch, reduced serum LDL/VLDL-cholesterol and ox-LDL-cholesterol, increased serum total antioxidant status and reduced body weight compared to mice fed a WD supplemented with 1% CO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Johannessen Walquist
- 1Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Bjarne Østerud
- 3Faculty of Health Science, IMB, K.G Jebsen TREC, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Edel O Elvevoll
- 1Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Karl-Erik Eilertsen
- 1Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
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66
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Yang L, Liu J, Li Y, Qi G. Bornyl acetate suppresses ox-LDL-induced attachment of THP-1 monocytes to endothelial cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 103:234-239. [PMID: 29655164 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukocyte recruitment to the surface of the endothelium plays a pivotal role in the development of cardiovascular diseases. Bornyl acetate is the main volatile constituent present in numerous conifer oils, which has displayed its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in different types of tissues and cells. However, little information regarding the effects of bornyl acetate on vascular endothelial inflammation has been reported before. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the pharmacological roles of bornyl acetate against ox-LDL-induced leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium. Our findings indicate that bornyl acetate ameliorated ox-LDL-induced reduction in cell viability of HUVECs. Additionally, bornyl acetate inhibited the attachment of THP-1 monocytes to HUVECs induced by treatment with ox-LDL through ameliorating the expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and E-selectin. Mechanistically, we found that bornyl acetate could suppress activation of the IκBα/NF-κB signaling pathway. Lastly, our results indicate that bornyl acetate mitigated expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β. Our results suggest the therapeutic potential of bornyl acetate in patients with atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710061, PR China.
| | - Jianlin Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710061, PR China
| | - Yanzi Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710061, PR China
| | - Guangyu Qi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710061, PR China
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67
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Nuutinen S, Ailanen L, Savontaus E, Rinne P. Melanocortin overexpression limits diet-induced inflammation and atherosclerosis in LDLR -/- mice. J Endocrinol 2018; 236:111-123. [PMID: 29317531 DOI: 10.1530/joe-17-0636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the arteries. The disease is initiated by endothelial dysfunction that allows the transport of leukocytes and low-density lipoprotein into the vessel wall forming atherosclerotic plaques. The melanocortin system is an endogenous peptide system that regulates, for example, energy homeostasis and cardiovascular function. Melanocortin treatment with endogenous or synthetic melanocortin peptides reduces body weight, protects the endothelium and alleviates vascular inflammation, but the long-term effects of melanocortin system activation on atheroprogression remain largely unknown. In this study, we evaluated the effects of transgenic melanocortin overexpression in a mouse model of atherosclerosis. Low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice overexpressing alpha- and gamma3-MSH (MSH-OE) and their wild-type littermates were fed either a regular chow or Western-style diet for 16 weeks. During this time, their metabolic parameters were monitored. The aortae were collected for functional analysis, and the plaques in the aortic root and arch were characterised by histological and immunohistochemical stainings. The aortic expression of inflammatory mediators was determined by quantitative PCR. We found that transgenic MSH-OE improved glucose tolerance and limited atherosclerotic plaque formation particularly in Western diet-fed mice. In terms of aortic vasoreactivity, MSH-OE blunted alpha1-adrenoceptor-mediated vasoconstriction and enhanced relaxation response to acetylcholine, indicating improved endothelial function. In addition, MSH-OE markedly attenuated Western diet-induced upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines (Ccl2, Ccl5 and Il6) that contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. These results show that the activation of the melanocortin system improves glucose homeostasis and limits diet-induced vascular inflammation and atherosclerotic plaque formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salla Nuutinen
- Research Center for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacologyand Turku Center for Disease Modeling, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Liisa Ailanen
- Research Center for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacologyand Turku Center for Disease Modeling, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Eriika Savontaus
- Research Center for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacologyand Turku Center for Disease Modeling, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Unit of Clinical PharmacologyTurku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Petteri Rinne
- Research Center for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacologyand Turku Center for Disease Modeling, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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68
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Martínez GJ, Celermajer DS, Patel S. The NLRP3 inflammasome and the emerging role of colchicine to inhibit atherosclerosis-associated inflammation. Atherosclerosis 2018; 269:262-271. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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69
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Thompson PL, Nidorf SM. Anti-inflammatory therapy with canakinumab for atherosclerotic disease: lessons from the CANTOS trial. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:695-698. [PMID: 29607136 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.01.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter L Thompson
- Heart Research Institute, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, University of Western Australia and Genesis HeartCare Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - S Mark Nidorf
- Heart Research Institute, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, University of Western Australia and Genesis HeartCare Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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70
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Jiang C, Zhao Y, Yang Y, He J, Zhang W, Liu J. Evaluation of the Combined Effect of Recombinant High-Density Lipoprotein Carrier and the Encapsulated Lovastatin in RAW264.7 Macrophage Cells Based on the Median-Effect Principle. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:1017-1027. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Yun Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Jianhua He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Jianping Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210008, PR China
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71
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Molecular imaging of cardiac remodelling after myocardial infarction. Basic Res Cardiol 2018; 113:10. [PMID: 29344827 PMCID: PMC5772148 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-018-0668-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction and subsequent heart failure is a major health burden associated with significant mortality and morbidity in western societies. The ability of cardiac tissue to recover after myocardial infarction is affected by numerous complex cellular and molecular pathways. Unbalance or failure of these pathways can lead to adverse remodelling of the heart and poor prognosis. Current clinical cardiac imaging modalities assess anatomy, perfusion, function, and viability of the myocardium, yet do not offer any insight into the specific molecular pathways involved in the repair process. Novel imaging techniques allow visualisation of these molecular processes and may have significant diagnostic and prognostic values, which could aid clinical management. Single photon-emission tomography, positron-emission tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging are used to visualise various aspects of these molecular processes. Imaging probes are usually attached to radioisotopes or paramagnetic nanoparticles to specifically target biological processes such as: apoptosis, necrosis, inflammation, angiogenesis, and scar formation. Although the results from preclinical studies are promising, translating this work to a clinical environment in a valuable and cost-effective way is extremely challenging. Extensive evaluation evidence of diagnostic and prognostic values in multi-centre clinical trials is still required.
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72
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Mueller T, Hinterreiter F, Poelz W, Haltmayer M, Dieplinger B. The heart matters in diabetes: 10-Year outcomes of peripheral artery disease. SAGE Open Med 2017; 5:2050312117740988. [PMID: 29163948 PMCID: PMC5692147 DOI: 10.1177/2050312117740988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Mortality rates at 10 years are higher in diabetic patients with chronic lower extremity peripheral arterial disease than in non-diabetic peripheral arterial disease patients. We tested the hypothesis that the predictors of mortality differ between diabetic and non-diabetic peripheral arterial disease patients. Methods: We studied 331 consecutive patients who were <75 years of age, symptomatic for peripheral arterial disease, and admitted to a tertiary care hospital. Our cohort included 216 patients without diabetes mellitus and 115 with diabetes mellitus. The outcome measure was all-cause mortality at 10 years post-admission. Results: Mortality rates at 10 years were 29% among non-diabetic peripheral arterial disease patients and 58% among diabetic peripheral arterial disease patients. We identified the following independent predictors of death in the 216 peripheral arterial disease patients without diabetes: age ≥65 years (risk ratio: 2.15; 95% confidence interval: 1.28–3.59), ankle brachial index <0.60 mmHg/mmHg (risk ratio: 1.88; 95% confidence interval: 1.14–3.08), history of peripheral arterial disease-specific intervention (risk ratio: 1.81; 95% confidence interval: 1.10–2.97), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ≥5.0 mg/L (risk ratio: 2.11; 95% confidence interval: 1.28–3.47). For the 115 peripheral arterial disease patients with diabetes, independent predictors of mortality were as follows: age ≥65 years (risk ratio: 1.72; 95% confidence interval: 1.05–2.83) and amino-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide ≥125 ng/L (risk ratio: 2.10; 95% confidence interval: 1.22–3.60). Conclusion: In this study, the predictors of death at 10 years differed between peripheral arterial disease patients with and without diabetes. Among the biomarkers tested, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein was independently associated with outcomes in non-diabetic patients, whereas amino-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide was an independent predictor of death in patients with diabetes. Our findings suggest that in future studies, risk assessment and treatment strategies should be differentially applied to the two peripheral arterial disease subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Mueller
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Konventhospital Der Barmherzigen Brüder Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Franz Hinterreiter
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Konventhospital Der Barmherzigen Brüder Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Werner Poelz
- Institute for Applied System Sciences and Statistics, University of Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Meinhard Haltmayer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Konventhospital Der Barmherzigen Brüder Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Benjamin Dieplinger
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Konventhospital Der Barmherzigen Brüder Linz, Linz, Austria
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73
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Podgórski M, Kupczyk M, Grzelak P, Bocheńska-Marciniak M, Polguj M, Kuna P, Stefańczyk L. Inhaled Corticosteroids in Asthma: Promoting or Protecting Against Atherosclerosis? Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:5337-5344. [PMID: 29120994 PMCID: PMC5691568 DOI: 10.12659/msm.904469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bronchial asthma is an inflammatory disease of the respiratory system. However, it may also induce systemic effects. Although reports suggest patients with asthma are at increased risk of cardiovascular events, the association between asthma and atherosclerosis is unclear. The aim of the present study was to compare the progression of atherosclerosis between patients with asthma treated with inhaled corticosteroids and healthy controls. Material/Methods In 102 adult patients with asthma, markers of arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity and augmentation index) were evaluated by applanation tonometry. Structural atherosclerotic changes (intima-media complex thickness and presence of atherosclerotic plaque) were assessed sonographically. Lipid profile and fasting glucose level were measured. Clinical data concerning the course of asthma, its severity, and management strategy were obtained. A group of 102 healthy, age-matched controls were examined according to the same protocol. Results The majority of patients presented well-controlled asthma of moderate severity. When adjusted for weight, age, and systolic blood pressure, no significant differences were observed in pulse wave velocity, in augmentation index, or in intima-media complex thickness between groups. In controls, atherosclerotic plaque occurred significantly more often than in patients with asthma (p=0.0226). Moreover, in patients with asthma, the intima-media complex thickness of the right common carotid artery was significantly correlated with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (R2=−0.2951, p=0.0083). There was no significant difference in any of the atherosclerosis markers between different types and doses of administered inhaled corticosteroids. Conclusions Patients with bronchial asthma presented a decreased risk of atherosclerosis in comparison to healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Podgórski
- Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Barlicki Hospital, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Maciej Kupczyk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, Barlicki Hospital, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Piotr Grzelak
- Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Barlicki Hospital, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | | | - Michał Polguj
- Department of Angiology, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Piotr Kuna
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, Barlicki Hospital, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Ludomir Stefańczyk
- Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Barlicki Hospital, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
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74
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Santiago PG, Gasparotto FM, Gebara KS, Bacha FB, Lívero FADR, Strapazon MA, Junior ELC, Kassuya CAL, de Souza LM, Gasparotto Junior A. Mechanisms underlying antiatherosclerotic properties of an enriched fraction obtained from Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 34:162-170. [PMID: 28899499 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ilex paraguariensis A. St. Hil. var. paraguariensis (Aquifoliaceae) popularly known as 'mate' is an important species native to South America. Despite numerous studies showing significant antioxidant and lipid lowering properties, the antiatherosclerotic mechanisms of this species remain unknown. PURPOSE To evaluate the possible antiatherosclerotic effects of a butanolic fraction (n-BFIP) obtained from I. paraguariensis and to investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in this activity. METHODS First, n-BFIP was obtained from the hydroalcoholic extract and a detailed phytochemical investigation about its main secondary metabolites was performed. Then, during 8 experimental weeks, rabbits received diet supplemented with 1% cholesterol (CRD). After 4 weeks of CDR, animals were redistributed into five groups (n = 6) and treated (p.o.) with n-BFIP (10, 30 and 100 mg/kg), simvastatin (5 mg/kg), or vehicle (filtered water, 1 ml/kg) once daily for 4 weeks. An additional group was fed with cholesterol-free diet and treated with vehicle. At the end of 8 weeks, serum samples were obtained for the measurement of serum lipids, lipid and protein oxidation and indirect nitric oxide levels. In addition, serum IL-1β, IL-6, sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, and intracellular cGMP levels in rabbit aortic rings were measured. Samples from the aortic arch and thoracic segment were collected for histopathological analysis. RESULTS CRD induced oxidative and nitrosative stress and increased serum lipids, IL-1β, IL-6, sICAM-1, and sVCAM-1 levels. In addition, structural changes in the intima layers of different arterial branches were also found. Although it did not change serum lipids, n-BFIP reverted oxidative and nitrosative stress and reduced IL-1β, IL-6, sICAM-1, and sVCAM-1 levels, besides to increasing intracellular levels of cGMP in vitro. In addition, the formation of atherosclerotic plaques was reduced to values close to those of animals fed with cholesterol-free diet. CONCLUSIONS A 4-week n-FBIP treatment reduces the progression of the atherosclerotic disease in New Zealand rabbits. These effects are associated with an attenuation of oxidative and nitrosative stress, affecting IL-1β, IL-6, sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Gonçalves Santiago
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Francielly Mourão Gasparotto
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Karimi Sater Gebara
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | | | - Francislaine Aparecida Dos Reis Lívero
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Maria Angélica Strapazon
- Institute of Biological, Medical and Health Sciences, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Cândida Aparecida Leite Kassuya
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Lauro Mera de Souza
- Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute, Pequeno Príncipe Faculty, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil.
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75
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Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities in Extracts from Minke Whale ( Balaenoptera acutorostrata) Blubber. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:3835851. [PMID: 29118465 PMCID: PMC5651123 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3835851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intake of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-n3-PUFA) is commonly recognized to reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD). In previous studies, cold-pressed whale oil (CWO) and cod liver oil (CLO) were given as a dietary supplement to healthy volunteers. Even though CWO contains less than half the amount of LC-n3-PUFA of CLO, CWO supplement resulted in beneficial effects on anti-inflammatory and CVD risk markers compared to CLO. In the present study, we prepared virtually lipid-free extracts from CWO and CLO and evaluated the antioxidative capacity (AOC) and anti-inflammatory effects. Oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays were used to test the AOC, and the results indicated high levels of antioxidants present in all extracts. The anti-inflammatory effects of the extracts were tested with lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) treated THP-1 cells, measuring its ability to reduce cytokine and chemokine secretion. Several CWO extracts displayed anti-inflammatory activity, and a butyl alcohol extract of CWO most effectively reduced TNF-α (50%, p < 0.05) and MCP-1 (85%, p < 0.001) secretion. This extract maintained a stable effect of reducing MCP-1 secretion (60%, p < 0.05) even after long-term storage. In conclusion, CWO has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities that may act in addition to its well-known LC-n3-PUFA effects.
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Wang J, Xu P, Xie X, Li J, Zhang J, Wang J, Hong F, Li J, Zhang Y, Song Y, Zheng X, Zhai Y. DBZ (Danshensu Bingpian Zhi), a Novel Natural Compound Derivative, Attenuates Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:e006297. [PMID: 28971954 PMCID: PMC5721843 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.006297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DBZ (Danshensu Bingpian Zhi), a synthetic derivative of a natural compound found in traditional Chinese medicine, has been reported to suppress lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage activation and lipid accumulation in vitro. The aim of this study was to assess whether DBZ could attenuate atherosclerosis at early and advanced stages. METHODS AND RESULTS The effects of DBZ on the development of atherosclerosis were studied using apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE-/-) mice. For early treatment, 5-week-old apoE-/- mice were fed a Western diet and treated daily by oral gavage with or without DBZ or atorvastatin for 10 weeks. For advanced treatment, 5-week-old apoE-/- mice were fed a Western diet for 10 weeks to induce atherosclerosis, and then they were randomly divided into 4 groups and subjected to the treatment of vehicle, 20 mg/kg per day DBZ, 40 mg/kg per day DBZ, or 10 mg/kg per day atorvastatin for the subsequent 10 weeks. We showed that early treatment of apoE-/- mice with DBZ markedly reduced atherosclerotic lesion formation by inhibiting inflammation and decreasing macrophage infiltration into the vessel wall. Treatment with DBZ also attenuated the progression of preestablished diet-induced atherosclerotic plaques in apoE-/- mice. In addition, we showed that DBZ may affect LXR (liver X receptor) function and that treatment of macrophages with DBZ suppressed lipopolysaccharide-stimulated cell migration and oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced foam cell formation. CONCLUSIONS DBZ potentially has antiatherosclerotic effects that involve the inhibition of inflammation, macrophage migration, leukocyte adhesion, and foam cell formation. These results suggest that DBZ may be used as a therapeutic agent for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinni Xie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- State key laboratory of environmental chemistry and ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jialin Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Department of Biology Science and Technology, Baotou Teacher's College, Baotou, China
- State key laboratory of environmental chemistry and ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Hong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Li
- Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
| | - Youyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of State Education Ministry and College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education and Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Song
- Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education and Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China and College of Life Sciences Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yonggong Zhai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Hu H, Zhang Y, Shi Y, Feng L, Duan J, Sun Z. Microarray-based bioinformatics analysis of the combined effects of SiNPs and PbAc on cardiovascular system in zebrafish. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 184:1298-1309. [PMID: 28679150 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.06.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
With rapid development of nanotechnology and growing environmental pollution, the combined toxic effects of SiNPs and pollutants of heavy metals like lead have received global attentions. The aim of this study was to explore the cardiovascular effects of the co-exposure of SiNPs and lead acetate (PbAc) in zebrafish using microarray and bioinformatics analysis. Although there was no other obvious cardiovascular malformation except bleeding phenotype, bradycardia, angiogenesis inhibition and declined cardiac output in zebrafish co-exposed of SiNPs and PbAc at NOAEL level, significant changes were observed in mRNA and microRNA (miRNA) expression patterns. STC-GO analysis indicated that the co-exposure might have more toxic effects on cardiovascular system than that exposure alone. Key differentially expressed genes were discerned out based on the Dynamic-gene-network, including stxbp1a, ndfip2, celf4 and gsk3b. Furthermore, several miRNAs obtained from the miRNA-Gene-Network might play crucial roles in cardiovascular disease, such as dre-miR-93, dre-miR-34a, dre-miR-181c, dre-miR-7145, dre-miR-730, dre-miR-129-5p, dre-miR-19d, dre-miR-218b, dre-miR-221. Besides, the analysis of miRNA-pathway-network indicated that the zebrafish were stimulated by the co-exposure of SiNPs and PbAc, which might cause the disturbance of calcium homeostasis and endoplasmic reticulum stress. As a result, cardiac muscle contraction might be deteriorated. In general, our data provide abundant fundamental research clues to the combined toxicity of environmental pollutants and further in-depth verifications are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hejing Hu
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Yannan Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Yanfeng Shi
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Lin Feng
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Junchao Duan
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China.
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
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Exosomal lncRNA GAS5 regulates the apoptosis of macrophages and vascular endothelial cells in atherosclerosis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185406. [PMID: 28945793 PMCID: PMC5612752 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is universally recognized as a chronic lipid-induced inflammation of the vessel wall. Oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) drives the onset of atherogenesis involving macrophages and endothelial cells (ECs). Our earlier work showed that expression of long noncoding RNA-growth arrest-specific 5 (lncRNA GAS5) was significantly increased in the plaque of atherosclerosis collected from patients and animal models. In this study, we found that knockdown of lncRNA GAS5 reduced the apoptosis of THP-1 cells treated with oxLDL. On the contrary, overexpression of lncRNA GAS5 significantly elevated the apoptosis of THP-1 cells after oxLDL stimulation. The expressions of apoptotic factors including Caspases were changed with lncRNA GAS5 levels. Moreover, lncRNA GAS5 was found in THP-1 derived-exosomes after oxLDL stimulation. Exosomes derived from lncRNA GAS5-overexpressing THP-1 cells enhanced the apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells after taking up these exosomes. However, exosomes shed by lncRNA GAS5 knocked-down THP-1 cells inhibited the apoptosis of endothelial cells. These findings reveal the function of lncRNA GAS5 in atherogenesis which regulates the apoptosis of macrophages and endothelial cells via exosomes and suggest that suppressing the lncRNA GAS5 might be an effective way for the therapy of atherosclerosis.
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79
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Feng M, Kong SZ, Wang ZX, He K, Zou ZY, Hu YR, Ma H, Li XG, Ye XL. The protective effect of coptisine on experimental atherosclerosis ApoE−/− mice is mediated by MAPK/NF-κB-dependent pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 93:721-729. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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80
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Sardeli AV, Gáspari AF, de Rossi G, de Souza GV, de Souza TM, Cavaglieri CR, Matos-Souza JR, Nadruz W, Chacon-Mikahil MP. Carotid intima-media thickness is associated with media rather than intima thickness. Atherosclerosis 2017; 261:169-171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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81
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Willcox BJ, Morris BJ, Tranah GJ, Chen R, Masaki KH, He Q, Willcox DC, Allsopp RC, Moisyadi S, Gerschenson M, Davy PMC, Poon LW, Rodriguez B, Newman AB, Harris TB, Cummings SR, Liu Y, Parimi N, Evans DS, Donlon TA. Longevity-Associated FOXO3 Genotype and its Impact on Coronary Artery Disease Mortality in Japanese, Whites, and Blacks: A Prospective Study of Three American Populations. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2017; 72:724-728. [PMID: 27694344 PMCID: PMC5964743 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glw196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We recently reported that protection against coronary artery disease (CAD) mortality is the major contributor to longer life associated with FOXO3 genotype. The present study examined this relation in more detail. METHODS We performed a 15-year observational study of 3,584 older American men of Japanese ancestry from the Kuakini Honolulu Heart Program cohort and 1,595 White and 1,067 Black elderly individuals from the Health Aging and Body Composition study. RESULTS Multivariate Cox regression models demonstrated that carriage of the longevity-associated G allele of FOXO3 single nucleotide polymorphisms rs2802292 was a protective factor against CAD mortality in all three populations. In Japanese and Whites, but not in Blacks, the protective effect of the G allele was little changed in models adjusted for other major risk factors. Population-attributable risk (PAR) models found that the nonprotective TT genotype contributed 15%, 9%, and 3% to CAD mortality risk in Japanese, White, and Black Americans, respectively, and was one of the top three contributing factors to CAD mortality. In Japanese, this effect size was comparable with hypertension (15%), but in Whites and Blacks PAR for hypertension was higher (29% and 26%, respectively). G-allele carriers had lower plasma TNF-α than noncarriers, suggesting inflammation as a potential mediating factor for CAD mortality risk. CONCLUSION FOXO3 genotype is an important risk factor for CAD mortality in older populations. More research is needed to identify potential mechanisms and targets for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley J Willcox
- Department of Research, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu
| | - Brian J Morris
- Department of Research, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu
- School of Medical Sciences and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gregory J Tranah
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco
| | - Randi Chen
- Department of Research, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Kamal H Masaki
- Department of Research, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu
| | - Qimei He
- Department of Research, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - D Craig Willcox
- Department of Research, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu
- Department of Human Welfare, Okinawa International University, Ginowan, Japan
| | | | - Stefan Moisyadi
- Institute for Biogenesis Research, University of Hawaii, Honolulu
| | - Mariana Gerschenson
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu
| | - Philip M C Davy
- Institute for Biogenesis Research, University of Hawaii, Honolulu
| | | | - Beatriz Rodriguez
- Department of Research, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu
| | - Anne B Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Yongmei Liu
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Neeta Parimi
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco
| | - Daniel S Evans
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco
| | - Timothy A Donlon
- Department of Research, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu
- Department of Pathology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii
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Liu H, Fu Y, Wang K. Asthma and risk of coronary heart disease: A meta-analysis of cohort studies. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2017; 118:689-695. [PMID: 28433577 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have investigated the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) in patients with asthma, and their results remain inconclusive. OBJECTIVE To conduct a meta-analysis to determine whether asthma increases the risk of CHD. METHODS A systematic literature search of the PubMed and Embase databases from inception to August 2016, complemented with references screening of relevant articles and reviews, was performed to identify eligible studies. Only longitudinal cohort studies were included in our meta-analysis. RESULTS The retrieval process yielded 7 studies (12 asthma cohorts) with 495,024 patients. Data pooling across the cohorts revealed that asthma was associated with an increased risk of CHD (hazard ratio [HR], 1.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30-1.57; P < .001), without significant heterogeneity across the studies (I2 = 26%, P = .19). This epidemiologic association was more pronounced in female than in male patients (female: HR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.41-1.59; male: HR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.16-1.47; P for interaction = .046). In addition, subgroup and sensitivity analyses supported the positive correlation between asthma and incident CHD. CONCLUSION Asthma is related to an increased incidence of CHD, particularly in women. Clinicians should be aware of this association when faced with a patient with asthma. Further investigations are required to examine how this excess risk should be managed in routine practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huai Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jingmen No. 2 People's Hospital, Jingmen, Hubei, China.
| | - Ying Fu
- Medical School of Jingchu University of Technology, Jingmen, Hubei, China
| | - Kunpeng Wang
- Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
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83
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Therapeutic Targeting of Cellular Stress to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease: A Review of the Evidence. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs 2017; 17:83-95. [PMID: 27778192 DOI: 10.1007/s40256-016-0199-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The availability of effective drugs targeting the major risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has reduced morbidity and mortality. Cumulative relative risk of CVD events can be reduced by 75 % with a combination of aspirin, a β-adrenoceptor antagonist (β-blocker), an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin), and an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. The principal pharmacodynamics of these drugs cannot explain the entirety of their cardioprotective action, as other drugs with similar pharmacologic targets have not been associated with favorable clinical effects. This raises the possibility that the cardioprotective drugs have a unique pleiotropic activity that contributes to their clinical efficacy. Recent data suggest that reducing cellular stress such as oxidative, inflammatory, and endoplasmic reticulum stress, might be a common denominator of the drugs with proven efficacy in reducing CVD risk. In this communication, the evidence in favor of this hypothesis is discussed, and ongoing trials with therapeutic agents targeting cellular stresses are reviewed.
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84
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Galectin-3 binding protein, coronary artery disease and cardiovascular mortality: Insights from the LURIC study. Atherosclerosis 2017; 260:121-129. [PMID: 28390290 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Galectin-3 binding protein (Gal-3BP) has been associated with inflammation and cancer, however, its role in coronary artery disease (CAD) and cardiovascular outcome remains unclear. METHODS Gal-3BP plasma levels were measured by ELISA in 2922 individuals from the LURIC study (62.7 ± 10.6 years, 62.7% male). All-cause and cardiovascular mortality was assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression. Causal involvement of Gal-3BP was tested for by Mendelian randomization. Gal-3BP effects on human monocyte-derived macrophages were assessed in vitro. RESULTS During 8.8 ± 3.0 years, 866 individuals died, 654 of cardiovascular causes. There was a significant increase in all-cause and cardiovascular mortality with increasing Gal-3BP quintiles. After thorough adjustment, all-cause mortality remained significantly increased in the fifth Gal-3BP quintile (HRQ5 1.292 (1.030-1.620), p = 0.027); cardiovascular mortality remained increased in Gal-3BP quintiles two to five (HRQ51.433 (1.061-1.935, p = 0.019). Gal-3BP levels were not associated with diagnosis and extent of coronary artery disease. In addition, Mendelian randomization did not show a direct causal relationship between Gal-3BP levels and mortality. Gal-3BP levels were, however, independently associated with markers of metabolic and inflammatory distress. In vitro, Gal-3BP induced a pro-inflammatory response in human monocyte-derived macrophages. Adding Gal-3BP levels to the ESC score improved risk assessment in patients with ESC SCORE-based risk >5% (p = 0.010). CONCLUSIONS In a large clinical cohort of CAD patients, Gal-3BP levels are independently associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. The underlying mechanisms may likely involve metabolic and inflammatory distress. To further evaluate the potential clinical value of Gal-3BP, prospective studies are needed.
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Aerobic Exercise Suppresses Atherosclerosis Through Adiponectin-Nuclear Transcription Factor κB Pathway in Apolipoprotein E–deficient Mice. Am J Med Sci 2017; 353:275-281. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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86
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Lunde LK, Skare Ø, Aass HCD, Mamen A, Einarsdóttir E, Ulvestad B, Skogstad M. Physical activity initiated by employer induces improvements in a novel set of biomarkers of inflammation: an 8-week follow-up study. Eur J Appl Physiol 2017; 117:521-532. [PMID: 28185008 PMCID: PMC5346428 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-016-3533-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Purpose We investigated the level of pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers before and after 8 weeks of unsupervised physical activity (PA) initiated by employer. Methods During autumn 2014, background data, blood samples and self-reported exercise level were collected from 76 men and 41 women in a Norwegian road maintenance company. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), leptin, adiponectin, p-selectin and CD40 ligand (CD40L) were analyzed. \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$${\dot V}{{\rm{O}}_{{\rm{2max}}}}$$\end{document}V˙O2max was measured in a subgroup of 50 subjects. Results With reference point of exercise ≤1 time/week, we found that participants who exercised 2–3 times/week had higher \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$${\dot V}{{\rm{O}}_{{\rm{2max}}}}$$\end{document}V˙O2max values (5.6 mL kg−1 min−1; 95% CI [1.3, 9.9]). MCP-1 was lower in those who exercised ≥ 4 times/week (−81.98 pg/ml [−142.9, −21.0]). IL-6 and p-selectin levels were lower in females who exercised ≥4 times/week (−1.04 pg/ml [−2.04, −0.03] and −13.75 ng/ml [−24.03, −3.48]). Leptin was lower in participants who exercised 2–3 times/week (−0.39 µg/ml ln [−0.68, −0.09]) and ≥4 times/week (−0.69 µg/ml ln [−1.10, −0.28]). During follow-up, \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$${\dot V}{{\rm{O}}_{{\rm{2max}}}}$$\end{document}V˙O2max increased (2.9 mL kg−1 min−1 [1.5, 4.3]), while p-selectin and CD40L decreased (−2.33 ng/ml [−3.78, −0.87] and 718.14 ng/ml [−1368, −68]). MCP-1 levels decreased among men (−32.70 pg/ml [−51.21, −14.19]). A joint analysis of all biomarkers (inversed adiponectin) showed that those who exercised ≥4 times/week at baseline had lower total levels of biomarkers and that total biomarker levels decreased during follow-up. Conclusions Exercising several times a week was associated with less inflammation compared to exercising once a week or less. During the 8-week follow-up, total levels of biomarkers of inflammation improved. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00421-016-3533-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars-Kristian Lunde
- Department of Work Psychology and Physiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Box 8149 Dep., 0033, Oslo, Norway
| | - Øivind Skare
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Box 8149 Dep., 0033, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Hans C D Aass
- The Blood Cell Research Group, Section of Research, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Norway
| | - Asgeir Mamen
- Norwegian School of Health Sciences, Kristiania University College, Box 1190 Sentrum, 0107, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elín Einarsdóttir
- Department of Chemical and Biological Work Environment, National Institute of Occupational Health, Box 8149 Dep., 0033, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bente Ulvestad
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Box 8149 Dep., 0033, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marit Skogstad
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Box 8149 Dep., 0033, Oslo, Norway
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Yang ZS, Lin NN, Li L, Li Y. The Effect of TNF Inhibitors on Cardiovascular Events in Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis: an Updated Meta-Analysis. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2017; 51:240-7. [PMID: 27300248 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-016-8560-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
TNF inhibitors have been used in psoriasis (Pso) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), which were associated with increased risk of cardiac and cerebrovascular events. However, whether TNF inhibitors reduce cardiovascular event is still unclear. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effect of TNF inhibitors on adverse cardiovascular events (CVEs) in Pso with or without PsA. We undertook a meta-analysis of clinical trials identified in systematic searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Wanfang database, Cochrane Database, and Google scholar through December 31, 2015. Five studies (49,795 patients) were included. Overall, compared with topical/photo treatment, TNF inhibitors were associated with a significant lower risk of CVE (RR, 0.58; 95 % CI, 0.43 to 0.77; P < 0.001; I (2) = 66.2 %). Additionally, compared with methotrexate (MTX) treatment, risk of CVE was also markedly decreased in the TNF inhibitor group (RR, 0.67; 95 % CI, 0.52 to 0.88; P = 0.003; I (2) = 9.3 %). Meanwhile, TNF inhibitors were linked to reduced incidence of myocardial infarction compared with topical/photo or MTX treatment (RR, 0.73; 95 % CI, 0.59 to 0.90; P = 0.003; I (2) = 56.2 % and RR, 0.65; 95 % CI, 0.48 to 0.89; P = 0.007; I (2) = 0.0 %, respectively). Furthermore, there was a trend of decreased rate of mortality in the TNF inhibitor group compared with other therapy (RR, 0.90; 95 % CI, 0.54 to 1.50; P = 0.68; I (2) = 70.9 %). TNF inhibitors appear to have net clinical benefits with regard to adverse cardiovascular events in Pso and/or PsA. Rigorous randomized controlled trials will need to evaluate whether TNF inhibitors truly result in reduction of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Sheng Yang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, No. 258, Wenhua Road, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China.
| | - Ning-Ning Lin
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, No. 258, Wenhua Road, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Infection, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuagdao, Hebei, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Scientific Research Management, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuagdao, Hebei, China
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88
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Moore GY, Pidgeon GP. Cross-Talk between Cancer Cells and the Tumour Microenvironment: The Role of the 5-Lipoxygenase Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E236. [PMID: 28125014 PMCID: PMC5343774 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
5-lipoxygenase is an enzyme responsible for the synthesis of a range of bioactive lipids signalling molecules known collectively as eicosanoids. 5-lipoxygenase metabolites such as 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HETE) and a number of leukotrienes are mostly derived from arachidonic acid and have been shown to be lipid mediators of inflammation in different pathological states including cancer. Upregulated 5-lipoxygenase expression and metabolite production is found in a number of cancer types and has been shown to be associated with increased tumorigenesis. 5-lipoxygenase activity is present in a number of diverse cell types of the immune system and connective tissue. In this review, we discuss potential routes through which cancer cells may utilise the 5-lipoxygenase pathway to interact with the tumour microenvironment during the development and progression of a tumour. Furthermore, immune-derived 5-lipoxygenase signalling can drive both pro- and anti-tumour effects depending on the immune cell subtype and an overview of evidence for these opposing effects is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian Y Moore
- Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland.
| | - Graham P Pidgeon
- Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland.
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89
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Kretschmer SB, Woltersdorf S, Vogt D, Lillich FF, Rühl M, Karas M, Maucher IV, Roos J, Häfner AK, Kaiser A, Wurglics M, Schubert-Zsilavecz M, Angioni C, Geisslinger G, Stark H, Steinhilber D, Hofmann B. Characterization of the molecular mechanism of 5-lipoxygenase inhibition by 2-aminothiazoles. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 123:52-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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90
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Bertrand MJ, Tardif JC. Inflammation and beyond: new directions and emerging drugs for treating atherosclerosis. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2016; 22:1-26. [PMID: 27927063 DOI: 10.1080/14728214.2017.1269743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular (CV) atherosclerotic disease remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, despite the advances in contemporary therapies. Inflammation is an important process in atherosclerosis, leading to plaque rupture and acute coronary syndrome. Although statin therapy has substantially reduced CV events in primary and secondary prevention, many treated patients will have recurrent adverse CV events despite the standard of care. Thus, drug development aiming to target inflammatory pathways seems a promising avenue for novel therapies in atherosclerosis. Areas covered: Statins have been extensively studied and are the most effective lipid-lowering drugs available for CV prevention. Novel anti-inflammatory drugs are being tested in Phase II and III trials, targeting pathways like interleukin-1, leukotrienes, TNF-α, P-selectin, CCL2-CCR2 and MAP Kinase. Expert opinion: Novel anti-inflammatory therapies seem promising additions to address the residual CV risk present despite the current standard of care, but large clinical trials have not yet shown beneficial effects on clinical events. PCSK9 inhibitors have been shown to substantially reduce LDL-C, however their long-term safety and effects on CV risk are currently being investigated. Pharmacogenomics holds great potential in future lipid trials, enabling the identification of patients who will respond with greater benefits and smaller risk to therapies and to decrease failure rates in drug development, as genotype-dependent effects of the CETP inhibitor dalcetrapib were shown in the dal-OUTCOMES and dal-PLAQUE-2 trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Jeanne Bertrand
- a Montreal Heart Institute, Department of medicine , Université de Montréal , Montreal , Canada
| | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- a Montreal Heart Institute, Department of medicine , Université de Montréal , Montreal , Canada
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91
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Zhou X, Han X, Wittfeldt A, Sun J, Liu C, Wang X, Gan LM, Cao H, Liang Z. Long non-coding RNA ANRIL regulates inflammatory responses as a novel component of NF-κB pathway. RNA Biol 2016; 13:98-108. [PMID: 26618242 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2015.1122164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Antisense Noncoding RNA in the INK4 Locus (ANRIL) is the prime candidate gene at Chr9p21, the well-defined genetic risk locus associated with multiple human diseases including coronary artery disease (CAD), while little is known regarding its role in the pathological processes. Endothelial dysfunction triggers atherosclerotic processes that are causatively linked to CAD. To evaluate the function of ANRIL in human endothelial cells (ECs), we examined ANRIL expression under pathological stimuli and found ANRIL was markedly induced by pro-inflammatory factors. Loss-of-function and chromatin immunoprecipitation approaches revealed that NF-κB mediates TNF-α induced ANRIL expression. RNA sequencing revealed that ANRIL silencing dysregulated expression of inflammatory genes including IL6 and IL8 under TNF-α treatment. We explored the regulatory mechanism of ANRIL on IL6/8 and found that Yin Yang 1 (YY1), an ANRIL binding transcriptional factor revealed by RNA immunoprecipitation, was required for IL6/8 expression under TNF-α treatment. YY1 was enriched at promoter loci of IL6/8 and ANRIL silencing impaired the enrichment, indicating a cooperation between ANRIL and YY1 in the regulation of inflammatory genes. For the first time, we establish the connection between ANRIL and NF-κB pathway and show that ANRIL regulates inflammatory responses through binding with YY1. The newly identified TNF-α-NF-κB-ANRIL/YY1-IL6/8 pathway enhances understanding of the etiology of CAD and provides potential therapeutic target for treatment of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhou
- a Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University , Beijing , 100871 , China
| | - Xiaorui Han
- a Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University , Beijing , 100871 , China
| | - Ann Wittfeldt
- b Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine , Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Jingzhi Sun
- c Department of Cardiolody , Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University , Jining , 272000 , China
| | - Chujun Liu
- d Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University , Beijing , 100871 , China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- a Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University , Beijing , 100871 , China
| | - Li-Ming Gan
- b Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine , Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg , Sweden.,e AstraZeneca R&D , Mölndal , Sweden
| | - Huiqing Cao
- a Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University , Beijing , 100871 , China
| | - Zicai Liang
- a Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University , Beijing , 100871 , China
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92
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Li L, Bian T, Lyu J, Cui D, Lei L, Yan F. Human β-defensin-3 alleviates the progression of atherosclerosis accelerated by Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 38:204-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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93
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Gold nanoparticles-based SPECT/CT imaging probe targeting for vulnerable atherosclerosis plaques. Biomaterials 2016; 108:71-80. [PMID: 27619241 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In order to realize accurate localization and precise evaluation of vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaques via dual-modal imaging, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) were firstly caped with a thin amino-PEGs cover and then conjugated with the targeting molecular Annexin V and radionuclide Tc-99m simultaneously to form SPECT/CT imaging probe targeting apoptotic macrophages. The as-synthesized (99m)Tc-GNPs-Annexin V was with uniform size (30.2 ± 2.9 nm) and high labeling rate (98.9 ± 0.5%) and stability. Targeting ability of Annexin V for apoptotic macrophages was kept and enhanced. For macrophages with 30% apoptosis, cellular uptakes of 3.52 ± 0.35% for (99m)Tc-GNPs-Annexin V, 2.41 ± 0.53% for (99m)Tc-GNPs and 1.68 ± 0.36% for (99m)Tc-Annexin V were achieved after 2 h incubation. ApoE knock out mice with high fat diet-induced atherosclerosis were scanned via (99m)Tc-GNPs-Annexin V SPECT/CT. With the introduction of targeting molecules, imaging probe was more efficient in accumulating in apoptotic macrophages. In practical evaluation, CT helps to restrict the lesions depiction more accurately, meanwhile, SPECT imaging intensity correlated with pathological changes tightly. In conclusion, Annexin V-modified hybrid gold nanoparticles were successfully synthesized, and this imaging system helped to better localize and diagnose those vulnerable AS plaques via specific targeting the apoptotic macrophages.
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94
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Abstract
The representatives of immunoinflammatory diseases are rheumatic ones, such as primarily rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, spondyloarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and other systemic connective diseases, which are characterized by a high risk for untimely death. The high risk of untimely death in these diseases has been found to be associated with the severity of an immunoinflammatory process that gives rise to severe irreversible damage to vital organs and systems and with the development of a wide spectrum of comorbidities (infections, interstitial lung disease, malignant tumors, osteoporotic fractures, etc.). Among them, diseases of the cardiovascular system, which are most commonly caused by the early development and.accelerated progression of atherosclerotic coronary lesions, hold a central.position. The paper gives the data available in the recent literature on the impact.of antirheumatic therapy (disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and biological agents) on' the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- E L Nasonov
- V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia
| | - T V Popkova
- V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia
| | - D S Novikova
- V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia
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95
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Ma X, Feng Y. Hypercholesterolemia Tunes Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells for Inflammation and Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1162. [PMID: 27447612 PMCID: PMC4964534 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As the pathological basis of cardiovascular disease (CVD), atherosclerosis is featured as a chronic inflammation. Hypercholesterolemia is an independent risk factor for CVD. Accumulated studies have shown that hypercholesterolemia is associated with myeloid cell expansion, which stimulates innate and adaptive immune responses, strengthens inflammation, and accelerates atherosclerosis progression. Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPC) in bone marrow (BM) expresses a panel of lipoprotein receptors to control cholesterol homeostasis. Deficiency of these receptors abrogates cellular cholesterol efflux, resulting in HSPC proliferation and differentiation in hypercholesterolemic mice. Reduction of the cholesterol level in the lipid rafts by infusion of reconstituted high-density lipoprotein (HDL) or its major apolipoprotein, apoA-I, reverses hypercholesterolemia-induced HSPC expansion. Apart from impaired cholesterol metabolism, inhibition of reactive oxygen species production suppresses HSPC activation and leukocytosis. These data indicate that the mechanisms underlying the effects of hypercholesterolemia on HSPC proliferation and differentiation could be multifaceted. Furthermore, dyslipidemia also regulates HSPC-neighboring cells, resulting in HSPC mobilization. In the article, we review how hypercholesterolemia evokes HSPC activation and mobilization directly or via its modification of BM microenvironment. We hope this review will bring light to finding key molecules to control HSPC expansion, inflammation, and atherosclerosis for the treatment of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Prevention and Research, Lu He Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China.
- Department of Endocrinology, Lu He Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China.
| | - Yingmei Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Prevention and Research, Lu He Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China.
- Department of Endocrinology, Lu He Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China.
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96
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Digested protein isolate from fresh and stored Carioca beans reduced markers of atherosclerosis in oxidized LDL-induced THP-1 macrophages. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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97
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Alexander GC, Vines JB, Hwang P, Kim T, Kim JA, Brott BC, Yoon YS, Jun HW. Novel Multifunctional Nanomatrix Reduces Inflammation in Dynamic Conditions in Vitro and Dilates Arteries ex Vivo. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:5178-5187. [PMID: 26849167 PMCID: PMC5179142 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b00565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory responses play a critical role in tissue-implant interactions, often limiting current implant utility. This is particularly true for cardiovascular devices. Existing stent technology does little to avoid or mitigate inflammation or to influence the vasomotion of the artery after implantation. We have developed a novel endothelium-mimicking nanomatrix composed of peptide amphiphiles that enhances endothelialization while decreasing both smooth muscle cell proliferation and platelet adhesion. Here, we evaluated whether the nanomatrix could prevent inflammatory responses under static and physiological flow conditions. We found that the nanomatrix reduced monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells and expression of monocyte inflammatory genes (TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-1β, and IL-6). Furthermore, the nitric-oxide releasing nanomatrix dramatically attenuated TNF-α-stimulated inflammatory responses as demonstrated by significantly reduced monocyte adhesion and inflammatory gene expression in both static and physiological flow conditions. These effects were abolished by addition of a nitric oxide scavenger. Finally, the nanomatrix stimulated vasodilation in intact rat mesenteric arterioles after constriction with phenylephrine, demonstrating the bioavailability and bioactivity of the nanomatrix, as well as exhibiting highly desired release kinetics. These results demonstrate the clinical potential of this nanomatrix by both preventing inflammatory responses and promoting vasodilation, critical improvements in stent and cardiovascular device technology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Young-Sup Yoon
- School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University , Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul, Korea
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98
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Adiponectin improves NF-κB-mediated inflammation and abates atherosclerosis progression in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Lipids Health Dis 2016; 15:33. [PMID: 26965176 PMCID: PMC4787184 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-016-0202-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Atherosclerosis is a common pathological basis of cardiovascular disease. Adiponectin (APN) has been shown to have an anti-atherosclerosis effect, and the underlying mechanisms, however, are largely unknown. Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) has also been regarded as a proatherogenic factor, mainly because of its regulation of a variety of the proinflammatory genes linked to atherosclerosis. It was hypothesized that the inhibitory effects of adiponectin on the atherosclerosis is through the inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway. Methods We injected adenovirus of Ad-eGFP virus (control group) or the same amount of Ad-APN-eGFP virus (APN group) in ApoE-/- mice tail-intravenously. Blood samples and aorta were executed at 0 day, 4, and 8 week of high-fat diet feeding. Histopathological changes of aortic arch root were detected. Levels of TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C were measured. Adiponectin and Matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) concentration were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Gene and protein levels of adiponectin, eNOS, IL-6, MCP-1,VCAM-1, and other inflammatory factors were determined. Adiponectin, NF-κB p65 in aortic arch root were determined by immunofluorescence and western blot. Results Transduction of Ad-APN inhibited the formation of atherosclerotic plaque in aorta when compared with control group. The lesion formation in aortic arch root was inhibited significantly (P < 0.01). Lesion lumen ratio decreased significantly (P < 0.001). The expression of adiponectin attenuated the increases of serum TC (P < 0.001), TG (P < 0.001), and LDL-C (P < 0.001) induced by the high-fat diet, and the increase in body weight (P < 0.05). As increasing serum adiponectin, the levels of MMP-9 were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The exogenous adiponectin increased the gene expression of the anti-inflammatory factors eNOS (P < 0.05) and IL-10 (P < 0.001), and reduced the gene expression of inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (P < 0.001), IL-6 (P < 0.001), VCAM-1 (P < 0.05), respectively. Adiponectin effectively inhibited the activation of NF-κB pathway and the expression of NF-κB nuclear protein p65. Conclusions Adiponectin may protect the aorta from atherosclerotic injury by reducing inflammation. The molecular mechanism may involve inhibited the expression of downstream components of NF-κB and its transcription factors.
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Abstract
Colchicine is an ancient drug with anti-inflammatory effects especially on neutrophils. These cells are critically involved in pericardial and atherosclerotic plaques inflammation, thus representing a new potential target for new therapies to treat and especially prevent cardiovascular events such as pericarditis, atrial fibrillation triggered by inflammation and ischemic vascular events. The aim of the present review is to briefly review the essential pharmacology and explore potential efficacy and safety of colchicine for new emerging cardiovascular indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Imazio
- Cardiology Department, Maria Vittoria Hospital & Department of Public Health & Pediatrics, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Fiorenzo Gaita
- University Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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100
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Fisetin and Its Role in Chronic Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 928:213-244. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-41334-1_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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