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Li Q, Sun J, Chen X, Li S, Wang Y, Xu C, Zhao J, Zhu Z, Tian L. Integrative characterization of fine particulate matter-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in mice. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 706:135687. [PMID: 31785907 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The impacts of ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on public health are a worldwide concern. Epidemiological evidence has shown that PM2.5-triggered inflammatory cascades and lung tissue damage are important causes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, most laboratory studies of COPD have focused on animal models of cigarette smoke exposure or combined exposure to cigarette smoke and PM2.5. Furthermore, a single method is used to evaluate the development of COPD without integrality. In this study, we investigated pulmonary pathophysiological alterations using integrated functional, morphological, and biochemical techniques and a mouse model exposed to PM2.5 alone for 3 months. Emphysema in this model was confirmed by reconstructed three-dimensional micro-CT images. Typical histopathological signs were neutrophil/macrophage infiltration and accumulation at 2 months after exposure and emphysema/atelectasis at 3 months. Respiratory mechanical parameters confirmed that PM2.5 caused a decline in respiratory function. PM2.5 also triggered complex cytokine profile changes in the lungs with characteristic inflammation-related tissue destruction. This study showed that chronic PM2.5 exposure impaired lung function, triggered emphysematous lesions, and induced pulmonary inflammation and airway wall remodeling. Most importantly, prolonged exposure to PM2.5 alone caused COPD in mice. These results improve the understanding of the mechanisms and mediators underlying PM2.5-induced COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyue Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jingping Sun
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Siling Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Chunjie Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Zhonghui Zhu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Lin Tian
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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Yang D, Ding J, Wang Y, Yuan M, Xian S, Zhang L, Liu S, Dai F, Wang F, Zheng Y, Zhao X, Liao S, Cheng Y. YY1-PVT1 affects trophoblast invasion and adhesion by regulating mTOR pathway-mediated autophagy. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:6637-6646. [PMID: 32003019 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Insufficient trophoblast invasion is the key factor for the occurrence of recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSA). Our previous studies identified Yin Yang 1 (YY1) as a transcription factor involved in the regulation of trophoblast invasiveness at the maternal-fetal interface. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) can regulate gene expression and autophagy in many ways. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between YY1 and lncRNAs and the mechanism by which lncRNAs affect the biological behavior of trophoblasts. Bioinformatic analysis predicted that YY1 had three binding sites in the plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) promoter region. Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments and electrophoretic mobility shift assays verified that YY1 can directly bind to the PVT1 promoter. Compared with its expression levels in human placental villi tissue samples from the normal pregnancy group, the PVT1 expression levels were significantly lower in tissues from the RSA group. PVT1 knockdown significantly reduced adhesion, invasion, autophagy, and mTOR expression in HTR-8/SVneo cells and greatly increased apoptosis in vitro. This study revealed a novel regulatory pathway in which YY1 can act directly on PVT1 promoter to regulate its transcription, which further affects trophoblast invasion and adhesion by regulating autophagy via the mTOR pathway, and these effects might be involved in RSA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyong Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jinli Ding
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yanqing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Mengqin Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shu Xian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shiyi Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fangfang Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Feiyan Wang
- Shanghai College of Clinical Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yajing Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shujie Liao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yanxiang Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Santibáñez-Andrade M, Chirino YI, González-Ramírez I, Sánchez-Pérez Y, García-Cuellar CM. Deciphering the Code between Air Pollution and Disease: The Effect of Particulate Matter on Cancer Hallmarks. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010136. [PMID: 31878205 PMCID: PMC6982149 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Air pollution has been recognized as a global health problem, causing around 7 million deaths worldwide and representing one of the highest environmental crises that we are now facing. Close to 30% of new lung cancer cases are associated with air pollution, and the impact is more evident in major cities. In this review, we summarize and discuss the evidence regarding the effect of particulate matter (PM) and its impact in carcinogenesis, considering the “hallmarks of cancer” described by Hanahan and Weinberg in 2000 and 2011 as a guide to describing the findings that support the impact of particulate matter during the cancer continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Santibáñez-Andrade
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, San Fernando No. 22, Tlalpan, México CP 14080, DF, Mexico; (M.S.-A.); (I.G.-R.)
| | - Yolanda I. Chirino
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla CP 54090, Estado de México, Mexico;
| | - Imelda González-Ramírez
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, San Fernando No. 22, Tlalpan, México CP 14080, DF, Mexico; (M.S.-A.); (I.G.-R.)
| | - Yesennia Sánchez-Pérez
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, San Fernando No. 22, Tlalpan, México CP 14080, DF, Mexico; (M.S.-A.); (I.G.-R.)
- Correspondence: (Y.S.-P.); (C.M.G.-C.); Tel.: +52-(55)-3693-5200 (Y.S.-P. & C.M.G.-C.)
| | - Claudia M. García-Cuellar
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, San Fernando No. 22, Tlalpan, México CP 14080, DF, Mexico; (M.S.-A.); (I.G.-R.)
- Correspondence: (Y.S.-P.); (C.M.G.-C.); Tel.: +52-(55)-3693-5200 (Y.S.-P. & C.M.G.-C.)
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Šimečková P, Marvanová S, Kulich P, Králiková L, Neča J, Procházková J, Machala M. Screening of Cellular Stress Responses Induced by Ambient Aerosol Ultrafine Particle Fraction PM0.5 in A549 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E6310. [PMID: 31847237 PMCID: PMC6940800 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Effects of airborne particles on the expression status of markers of cellular toxic stress and on the release of eicosanoids, linked with inflammation and oxidative damage, remain poorly characterized. Therefore, we proposed a set of various methodological approaches in order to address complexity of PM0.5-induced toxicity. For this purpose, we used a well-characterized model of A549 pulmonary epithelial cells exposed to a non-cytotoxic concentration of ambient aerosol particle fraction PM0.5 for 24 h. Electron microscopy confirmed accumulation of PM0.5 within A549 cells, yet, autophagy was not induced. Expression profiles of various cellular stress response genes that have been previously shown to be involved in early stress responses, namely unfolded protein response, DNA damage response, and in aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and p53 signaling, were analyzed. This analysis revealed induction of GREM1, EGR1, CYP1A1, CDK1A, PUMA, NOXA and GDF15 and suppression of SOX9 in response to PM0.5 exposure. Analysis of eicosanoids showed no oxidative damage and only a weak anti-inflammatory response. In conclusion, this study helps to identify novel gene markers, GREM1, EGR1, GDF15 and SOX9, that may represent a valuable tool for routine testing of PM0.5-induced in vitro toxicity in lung epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Miroslav Machala
- Veterinary Research Institute, Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Hudcova 296/70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.Š.); (S.M.); (P.K.); (L.K.); (J.N.); (J.P.)
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Xu Z, Ding W, Deng X. PM 2.5, Fine Particulate Matter: A Novel Player in the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition? Front Physiol 2019; 10:1404. [PMID: 31849690 PMCID: PMC6896848 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) refers to the conversion of epithelial cells to mesenchymal phenotype, which endows the epithelial cells with enhanced migration, invasion, and extracellular matrix production abilities. These characteristics link EMT with the pathogenesis of organ fibrosis and cancer progression. Recent studies have preliminarily established that fine particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) is correlated with EMT initiation. In this pathological process, PM2.5 particles, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from PM2.5, and certain components in PM2.5, such as ions and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), have been implicated as potential EMT mediators that are linked to the activation of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)/SMADs, NF-κB, growth factor (GF)/extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK), GF/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt, wingless/integrated (Wnt)/β-catenin, Notch, Hedgehog, high mobility group box B1 (HMGB1)-receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE), and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) signaling cascades and to cytoskeleton rearrangement. These pathways directly and indirectly transduce pro-EMT signals that regulate EMT-related gene expression in epithelial cells, finally inducing the characteristic alterations in morphology and functions of epithelia. In addition, novel associations between autophagy, ATP citrate lyase (ACLY), and exosomes with PM2.5-induced EMT have also been summarized. However, some debates and paradoxes remain to be consolidated. This review discusses the potential molecular mechanisms underlying PM2.5-induced EMT, which might account for the latent role of PM2.5 in cancer progression and fibrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Xu
- Faculty of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjun Ding
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobei Deng
- Faculty of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Zhao Y, Wang Z, Zhang W, Zhang L. Non-coding RNAs regulate autophagy process via influencing the expression of associated protein. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 151:32-39. [PMID: 31786247 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2019.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a tightly-regulated multi-step process involving the lysosomal degradation of proteins and cytoplasmic organelles. Central to this process is the formation of the autophagosome, a double membrane-bound vesicle, which is fuse with lysosomes or endosomes, and then deliver its cytoplasmic cargo to the lysosomes. Here, we summarize the recent process of autophagy, focusing on protein molecules, their complexes, and its essential roles of autophagy in various phases. Emerging evidence has revealed that miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs play an indispensable role in autophagy regulation by modulating targeting gene expression. This review we will summarize the main features of ncRNAs and point to gaps in our current knowledge of the connection between ncRNAs and autophagy, as well as their potential utilization in various disease phenotypes. Also, we highlight recent advances in ncRNAs and autophagy-associated protein interaction and how they regulate the autophagy process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyi Zhao
- Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Ze Wang
- Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China; Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
| | - Linbo Zhang
- Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China; Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Cancer Progression: Molecular Mechanisms and Recent Advancements. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9110735. [PMID: 31766246 PMCID: PMC6920770 DOI: 10.3390/biom9110735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 610] [Impact Index Per Article: 122.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a pivotal role in biological processes and continuous ROS production in normal cells is controlled by the appropriate regulation between the silver lining of low and high ROS concentration mediated effects. Interestingly, ROS also dynamically influences the tumor microenvironment and is known to initiate cancer angiogenesis, metastasis, and survival at different concentrations. At moderate concentration, ROS activates the cancer cell survival signaling cascade involving mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1/2 (MAPK/ERK1/2), p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and phosphoinositide-3-kinase/ protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), which in turn activate the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). At high concentrations, ROS can cause cancer cell apoptosis. Hence, it critically depends upon the ROS levels, to either augment tumorigenesis or lead to apoptosis. The major issue is targeting the dual actions of ROS effectively with respect to the concentration bias, which needs to be monitored carefully to impede tumor angiogenesis and metastasis for ROS to serve as potential therapeutic targets exogenously/endogenously. Overall, additional research is required to comprehend the potential of ROS as an effective anti-tumor modality and therapeutic target for treating malignancies.
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Zhong Y, Wang Y, Zhang C, Hu Y, Sun C, Liao J, Wang G. Identification of long non-coding RNA and circular RNA in mice after intra-tracheal instillation with fine particulate matter. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 235:519-526. [PMID: 31276865 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.06.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure has been proved to be associated with respiratory diseases in epidemiological studies, but the underlying mechanisms are not clear. One of the most important mechanisms involved is inflammation. Non-coding RNAs are proposed to play crucial roles in epigenetic modulation and post-transcriptional regulation. Identification of non-coding RNAs can show us the new insight into the molecular toxicity of PM2.5. MATERIALS AND METHODS Intra-tracheal instillation of saline or PM2.5 was performed in BALB/c Mice once a week for consecutive eight weeks. Genomewide transcriptome profiling of coding genes, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) in mice lung were done by ribosomal RNA-depleted RNA sequencing. Lung histological alternations were observed in haematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining sections. The expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines and Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome were quantified by qRT-PCR、ELISA and Western blot. RESULTS 1873 coding genes, 885 lncRNAs and 142 circRNAs were differentially expressed in lung tissues of the saline and PM2.5 exposed mice. The upregulated expressions of lncRNA NONMMUT065867, lncRNA NONMMUT064312, lncRNA NONMMUT018123 and the downregulated expressions of circRNA CBT15_circR_1011, circRNA mm9_circ_005915 were identified by qRT-PCR in PM2.5 group. The pulmonary inflammation score was higher in PM2.5 group. What's more, the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines and NLRP3 inflammasome were upregulated in PM2.5 exposed mice. CONCLUSION PM2.5 causes lung inflammation and increases the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome. The identified novel lncRNAs and circRNAs may paly important role in the development of lung inflammation caused by PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijue Zhong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Yunxia Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Jiping Liao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China.
| | - Guangfa Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China.
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Liu J, Zhang J, Ren L, Wei J, Zhu Y, Duan J, Jing L, Sun Z, Zhou X. Fine particulate matters induce apoptosis via the ATM/P53/CDK2 and mitochondria apoptosis pathway triggered by oxidative stress in rat and GC-2spd cell. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 180:280-287. [PMID: 31100592 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matters (PM2.5) have been associated with male reproductive toxicity because it can penetrate into the lung's gas-exchange region, and spread to the whole body via circulatory system. Previous studies have shown that PM2.5 could induce DNA damage and apoptosis by reactive oxygen species (ROS). The aim of the present study is to determine the exact mechanism and role of apoptosis induced by PM2.5 in spermatocyte cells. Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were treated with normal saline (control group) or PM2.5 with the doses of 1.8, 5.4 and 16.2 mg/kg bw. via intratracheal instillation every 3 days for 30 days. Mouse spermatocyte-derived cells (GC-2spd cells) were treated with various concentrations (0, 50, 100, 200 μg/mL) of PM2.5 for 24 h. The results showed that exposure to PM2.5 resulted in injury of testicular tissue and impaired mitochondria integrity in GC-2spd cells. Moreover, PM2.5 induced DNA damage and apoptosis in GC-2spad cells via ROS generation, and the ATM/P53/CDK2 and mitochondria apoptosis pathway autophagy signal pathway were activated. N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), a well-known antioxidant, ameliorated DNA damage, and inhibited apoptosis. These findings demonstrated PM2.5 might induce apoptosis via the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway through causing DNA damage resulting from oxidative stress, and finally caused spermatogenesis disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Liu
- Department of Toxicology and Hygienic Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Hygienic Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Lihua Ren
- Department of Toxicology and Hygienic Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jialiu Wei
- Department of Toxicology and Hygienic Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yupeng Zhu
- Department of Toxicology and Hygienic Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Junchao Duan
- Department of Toxicology and Hygienic Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Li Jing
- Department of Toxicology and Hygienic Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Hygienic Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Xianqing Zhou
- Department of Toxicology and Hygienic Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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Xu Z, Wang N, Xu Y, Hua L, Zhou D, Zheng M, Deng X. Effects of chronic PM 2.5 exposure on pulmonary epithelia: Transcriptome analysis of mRNA-exosomal miRNA interactions. Toxicol Lett 2019; 316:49-59. [PMID: 31520698 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have established the correlations between PM2.5 and a wide variety of pulmonary diseases. However, their underlying pathogeneses have not been clearly elucidated yet. In the present study, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype with enhanced proliferation and migration activity of human pulmonary epithelial cell line BEAS-2B was observed after exposure to low dose PM2.5 exposure (50 μg/ml) for 30 passages. Then, epithelial cells derived-exosomal micro-RNA (miRNA) and intracellular total RNA were extracted, and the differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs (DE-Exo-MiRs) as well as differentially expressed protein coding genes (DEGs) were identified by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and transcriptome analysis. We found that chronic PM2.5 exposure stimulated the release of pulmonary epithelium derived exosomes. 45 DE-Exo-MiRs including 32 novelly predicted miRNAs and 843 DEGs between PM2.5 exposed group and the normal control were detected. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses showed that DEGs were significantly enriched in extracellular matrix organization, focal adhesion and cancer related terms. Besides, the enrichment analyses on 7774 mRNA targets of 27 DE-Exo-MiRs predicted by MiRanda software also revealed the potential regulatory role of exosomal miRNAs in pathways in cancer, Wingless/Integrated (Wnt) signaling pathway, focal adhesion related genes and other multiple pathogenic pathways. Moreover, the interactive exosomal miRNA-mRNA pair networks were constructed using Cytoscape software. Our results provided a novel basis for a better understanding of the mechanisms of chronic PM2.5 exposure induced pulmonary disorders including pulmonary fibrosis and cancer, in which exosomal miRNAs (Exo-MiRs) potentially functions by dynamically regulating gene expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Xu
- Faculty of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Ning Wang
- Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, China.
| | - Ye Xu
- Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, China.
| | - Li Hua
- Faculty of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Dan Zhou
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Min Zheng
- Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, China.
| | - Xiaobei Deng
- Faculty of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Zhang S, Zhang W, Zeng X, Zhao W, Wang Z, Dong X, Jia Y, Shen J, Chen R, Lin X. Inhibition of Rac1 activity alleviates PM2.5-induced pulmonary inflammation via the AKT signaling pathway. Toxicol Lett 2019; 310:61-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Abstract
Autophagy is a Greek-derived concept that means "self-eating" and is increasingly recognized as an important regulator of homeostasis and disease. In this issue of the JCI, Yeganeh et al. report the important finding that intrinsic autophagy is required for normal progression of lung development. Conditional deletion of the beclin 1-encoding gene (Becn1) specifically within lung epithelial cells of embryonic mice resulted in neonatal lethal respiratory distress that was associated with negative impacts on airway branching and differentiation of airway epithelial cell lineages. The authors draw speculative parallels with the alveolar simplification phenotype of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature human infants and suggest that stimulation of autophagy by cAMP-dependent kinase activation might conceivably rescue these phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Warburton
- The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, USC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Saverio Bellusci
- The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, USC, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
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Jia J, Yuan X, Peng X, Yan B. Cr(VI)/Pb 2+ are responsible for PM2.5-induced cytotoxicity in A549 cells while pulmonary surfactant alleviates such toxicity. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 172:152-158. [PMID: 30708226 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.01.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The composition of PM2.5 is extremely complicated, making the causes of PM2.5-induced toxicity hard to understand. To identify the major toxic components of PM2.5 particles, we used reductionism approach, synthesized and investigated a model PM2.5 library containing 24 carbon nanoparticles with adsorbed pollutants including Cr(VI), Pb2+, As(III) and BaP either individually or in combinations. Our data showed that major physicochemical characteristics of model PM2.5 library members were similar to PM2.5 particles from Guangzhou city (PM2.5-GZ). Cytotoxicity of lung cells (A549) was increasing as the member of adsorbed pollutants at environment relevant concentrations. Using these model particles, we identified that co-existence of Cr(VI) and Pb2+ components contributed to the PM2.5-induced cytotoxicity in A549 cells. Besides, pulmonary surfactant reduced the PM2.5-induced cytotoxicity in A549 cells probably via enhancing cell autophagy. The findings from this study suggest that systematic investigation using model PM2.5 particle library helps identify key toxic pollutants in otherwise very complex PM2.5 particles and facilitate our understanding of the underlying biological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Jia
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoru Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xiaowu Peng
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Bing Yan
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
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Anti-inflammatory effects of Morchella esculenta polysaccharide and its derivatives in fine particulate matter-treated NR8383 cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 129:904-915. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.02.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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65
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Tian G, Wang J, Lu Z, Wang H, Zhang W, Ding W, Zhang F. Indirect effect of PM 1 on endothelial cells via inducing the release of respiratory inflammatory cytokines. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 57:203-210. [PMID: 30858030 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A large number of epidemiological studies have shown that increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are associated with exposure to high concentrations of PM2.5. One of the ways that PM2.5 affects the cardiovascular system is through systemic inflammation. Inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 stimulate endothelial cells, which leads to endothelial dysfunction. Compared with PM2.5, PM1 is smaller in size, has a larger surface area and absorbs more toxic substances such as heavy metals, organic compounds, and black carbon. However, the effect of PM1 on human health is less studied. Here, we used BEAS-2B cells and differentiated THP-1 cells to simulate epithelial cells and macrophages in the lung, respectively. The indirect effect of PM1 on endothelial cells was studied with a coculture model consisting of two cell lines (BEAS-2B cells and macrophages) in the top compartment and one cell line, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (EA.hy926), in the bottom compartment of a transwell plate. The results showed that PM1 could promote the release of inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α and IL-6, from BEAS-2B cells and macrophages. In addition, PM1 upregulated ICAM-1 expression in EA.hy926 cells through TNF-α/NF-κB signaling pathways, promoting the adhesion of endothelial cells and monocytes, a key event in the initiation of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxiong Tian
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhongbing Lu
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongyun Wang
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenjun Ding
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Fang Zhang
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
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66
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Wang Y, Zou L, Wu T, Xiong L, Zhang T, Kong L, Xue Y, Tang M. Identification of mRNA-miRNA crosstalk in human endothelial cells after exposure of PM2.5 through integrative transcriptome analysis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 169:863-873. [PMID: 30597786 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.11.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
PM2.5 has implications in cardiovascular adverse events, but the underlying mechanisms are still obscure. The aim of this study is to evaluate miRNA expression in endothelial cells in response to two realistic doses of PM2.5 and to identify the possible gene targets of deregulated miRNAs through microarray profiling and computational technology. As a result, there are 18 differentially expressed miRNAs between 2.5 μg/cm2 group and the control, of which 11 miRNAs are up-regulated and 7 miRNAs are down-regulated. Relative to the control group, 40 miRNAs are significantly changed in 10 μg/cm2 group with 21 miRNAs being upregulated and 19 miRNAs being downregulated. Interestingly, when two PM2.5-treated groups respectively compared with the control, the expressed trends of 12 miRNAs in 2.5 μg/cm2 group are the same as those in 10 μg/cm2 group, with 8 being upregulated and 4 miRNAs being simultaneously downregulated. Gene ontology (GO) analysis shows that the crucial functional categories of miRNA-targeted genes incorporate transcription-related process and intracellular signal transduction. Pathway analysis reveals that endocytosis, FoxO signaling pathway and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway are involved in the PM2.5-caused cardiotoxicity. Further confirmation by RT-qPCR indicates that PM2.5 could induce the down-regulation of hsa-miR-128-3p, hsa-miR-96-5p, hsa-miR-28-5p, hsa-miR-4478 and hsa-miR-6808-5p, which are in accordance with the results of array data. With the comprehensive analysis of mRNAs and miRNAs, a great number of pairs have been identified, suggesting abnormally expressed miRNAs have functions in the cardiotoxicity of PM2.5, and the function may be achieved through the post-transcriptional regulation of certain genes on the related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Lingyue Zou
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Tianshu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Lilin Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China; Department of Environmental Health, Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210003, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Lu Kong
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Yuying Xue
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Meng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
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67
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Wei DM, Jiang MT, Lin P, Yang H, Dang YW, Yu Q, Liao DY, Luo DZ, Chen G. Potential ceRNA networks involved in autophagy suppression of pancreatic cancer caused by chloroquine diphosphate: A study based on differentially‑expressed circRNAs, lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs. Int J Oncol 2019; 54:600-626. [PMID: 30570107 PMCID: PMC6317664 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy has been reported to be involved in the occurrence and development of pancreatic cancer. However, the mechanism of autophagy‑associated non‑coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in pancreatic cancer remains largely unknown. In the present study, microarrays were used to detect differential expression of mRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) post autophagy suppression by chloroquine diphosphate in PANC‑1 cells. Collectively, 3,966 mRNAs, 3,184 lncRNAs and 9,420 circRNAs were differentially expressed. Additionally, only two miRNAs (hsa‑miR‑663a‑5p and hsa‑miR‑154‑3p) were underexpressed in the PANC‑1 cells in the autophagy‑suppression group. Furthermore, miR‑663a‑5p with 9 circRNAs, 8 lncRNAs and 46 genes could form a prospective ceRNA network associated with autophagy in pancreatic cancer cells. In addition, another ceRNA network containing miR‑154‑3p, 5 circRNAs, 2 lncRNAs and 11 genes was also constructed. The potential multiple ceRNA, miRNA and mRNA associations may serve pivotal roles in the autophagy of pancreatic cancer cells, which lays the theoretical foundation for subsequent investigations on pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Peng Lin
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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68
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Fu Y, Lu R, Cui J, Sun H, Yang H, Meng Q, Wu S, Aschner M, Li X, Chen R. Inhibition of ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) protects airway epithelia from PM 2.5-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 167:309-316. [PMID: 30343145 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have associated ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure with lung cancer, in which epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an initial process. Thus, it is important to identify the key molecule or pathway involved in the PM2.5 induced EMT. Human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells were exposed to PM2.5 (100 or 500 μg/ml) for 30 passages and analyzed by metabolomics to identify the alteration of metabolites related to PM2.5 exposure. The expression levels of EMT markers were evaluated by qRT-PCR and Western blot assays in HBE cells and murine lung tissues. Reduced epithelial markers, increased mesenchymal markers expression levels and increased capacity of metastasis were observed in PM2.5-exposed HBE cells. Metabolomics analysis suggested upregulation of citrate acid with fold change (FC) of 2.89 or 4.18 in 100 or 500 μg/ml PM2.5 treated HBE cells. For both of the in vitro and in vivo study, the up-regulation of ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) was confirmed following PM2.5 exposure. Importantly, ACLY knockdown in HBE cells reversed EMT, migration and invasion capacities in HBE cells induced by PM2.5. Taken together, our data suggest that inhibition of ACLY demonstrates a protection against PM2.5-induced EMT, providing a concern on the molecular mechanisms of PM2.5-associated pulmonary disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Fu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; School of Continuing Education, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Runze Lu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jian Cui
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hongbao Yang
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingtao Meng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shenshen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Forchheimer 209, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Rui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China.
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69
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE RNA is a heterogeneous class of molecules with the minority being protein coding. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are involved in translation and epigenetic control mechanisms of gene expression. Recent Advances: In recent years, the number of identified ncRNAs has dramatically increased and it is now clear that ncRNAs provide a complex layer of differential gene expression control. CRITICAL ISSUES NcRNAs exhibit interplay with redox regulation. Redox regulation alters the expression of ncRNAs; conversely, ncRNAs alter the expression of generator and effector systems of redox regulation in a complex manner, which will be the focus of this review article. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Understanding the role of ncRNA in redox control will lead to the development of new strategies to alter redox programs. Given that many ncRNAs (particularly microRNAs [miRNAs]) change large gene sets, these molecules are attractive drug candidates; already, now miRNAs can be targeted in patients. Therefore, the development of ncRNA therapies focusing on these molecules is an attractive future strategy. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 29, 793-812.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias S Leisegang
- 1 Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University , Frankfurt, Germany .,2 German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) , Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- 1 Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University , Frankfurt, Germany .,2 German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) , Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ralf P Brandes
- 1 Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University , Frankfurt, Germany .,2 German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) , Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
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70
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An J, Zhou Q, Wu M, Wang L, Zhong Y, Feng J, Shang Y, Chen Y. Interactions between oxidative stress, autophagy and apoptosis in A549 cells treated with aged black carbon. Toxicol In Vitro 2018; 54:67-74. [PMID: 30240709 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
After emitted from incomplete combustion of fossil fuels and biomass, ambient black carbon (BC) was then undergone photochemical oxidization processes in the air to form aged BC particles, also called oxidized BC (OBC). This study aimed to investigate the interactions between oxidative stress, autophagy and apoptosis induced by OBC in A549 cells and to explore associated molecular mechanisms. First, OBC could stimulate oxidative stress, autophagy and apoptosis dose-dependently, as evidenced by increased intercellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, up-regulated autophagosome markers (light chain 3, LC3), and elevated apoptosis rate. Inhibitors of oxidative stress (N-acetylcysteine, NAC), autophagy (bafilomycin A1, Baf) and apoptosis (Z-DEVD-FMK) were used to investigate their interactions. NAC pretreatment could significantly reduce autophagy and apoptosis. Additionally, pretreatment with Baf or Z-DEVD-FMK could also significantly suppress the other two biological effects. Furthermore, OBC up regulated the expressions of DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs), phosphorylated protein kinase B (Akt) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). The Akt inhibitor (MK-2206) significantly reduced both autophagy and apoptosis. Taken together, dual-direction regulation existed between each two of oxidative stress, autophagy, and apoptosis in A549 cells exposed to OBC. In addition, the autophagy process is modulated by the PI3K/Akt pathway regardless of mTOR activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing An
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Meiying Wu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yufang Zhong
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jialiang Feng
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yu Shang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Yingjun Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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71
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Zhang Y, Liang D, Jin J, Liu C, He Y. [Progress of Long Non-coding RNA in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2018; 21:43-49. [PMID: 29357972 PMCID: PMC5972355 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2018.01.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
肺癌是世界上常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其发病率和死亡率都居全部恶性肿瘤的首位。长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)是一类转录长度超过200个核苷酸且无蛋白质编码功能的RNA,但在表观遗传学调控、细胞周期调控和细胞分化调控等众多生命活动中发挥重要作用。研究发现lncRNA在非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)组织和血液中异常表达,且对肿瘤细胞的增殖、迁移、侵袭和凋亡发挥了重要调节作用,与肿瘤的发生发展密切相关。探索lncRNA在NSCLC中的作用机制,有助于NSCLC的早期诊断,靶向治疗及改善预后。因此本文就lncRNA与NSCLC的发生、诊断、治疗和预后的最新研究进展做一阐述,以期为NSCLC的防治提供新思路。
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Affiliation(s)
- Yachen Zhang
- The Fourth Hospital of Heibei Medical University, Cancer Institute, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Di Liang
- The Fourth Hospital of Heibei Medical University, Cancer Institute, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Jing Jin
- The Fourth Hospital of Heibei Medical University, Cancer Institute, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Congmin Liu
- The Fourth Hospital of Heibei Medical University, Cancer Institute, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Yutong He
- The Fourth Hospital of Heibei Medical University, Cancer Institute, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
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Cao Q, Rui G, Liang Y. Study on PM2.5 pollution and the mortality due to lung cancer in China based on geographic weighted regression model. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:925. [PMID: 30053859 PMCID: PMC6062941 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5844-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND PM2.5 has become a major component of air pollution in China and has led to a series of health problems. The mortality rate caused by lung cancer has reached the point where it cannot be ignored in China. Air pollution is becoming more and more serious in China, which is increasingly affecting people's lives and health. METHODS Considering the variations in the geographical environment in China, this paper studied the relationship between PM2.5 concentration and lung cancer mortality based on the geographical weighted regression model in 31 provinces in 2004 and 2008, autonomous regions and municipalities of China. RESULTS The results indicated there was a significant positive correlation between PM2.5 concentration and lung cancer mortality (r = 0.0052, P = 0.036). Additionally, the longer the time of exposure to PM2.5 is, the higher morbidity is. CONCLUSION It is suggested that the Chinese government should launch some environmental policy, especially in those areas with severe PM2.5 pollutions, and keep the citizens away from exposure to PM2.5 pollution in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilong Cao
- Business School, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoqiang Rui
- Soochow University and Collaborative Innovation Center for New-type Urbanization and Social Governance of Jiangsu Province, Suzhou, Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Liang
- Department of Social Work and Social Policy, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023 People’s Republic of China
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73
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Wang H, Shen X, Tian G, Shi X, Huang W, Wu Y, Sun L, Peng C, Liu S, Huang Y, Chen X, Zhang F, Chen Y, Ding W, Lu Z. AMPKα2 deficiency exacerbates long-term PM 2.5 exposure-induced lung injury and cardiac dysfunction. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 121:202-214. [PMID: 29753072 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) increases the risk of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. As a metabolic sensor, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a promising target for cardiovascular disease. However, the impact of AMPK on the adverse health effects of PM2.5 has not been investigated. In this study, we exposed wild-type (WT) and AMPKα2-/- mice to either airborne PM2.5 (mean daily concentration ~64 µg/m3) or filtered air for 6 months through a whole-body exposure system. After exposure, AMPKα2-/- mice developed severe lung injury and left ventricular dysfunction. In the PM2.5-exposed lungs and hearts, loss of AMPKα2 resulted in higher levels of fibrotic genes, more collagen deposition, lower levels of peroxiredoxin 5 (Prdx5), and greater induction of oxidative stress and inflammation than observed in the lungs and hearts of WT mice. In PM2.5-exposed BEAS-2B and H9C2 cells, inhibition of AMPK activity significantly decreased cell viability and Prdx5 expression, and increased the intracellular ROS and p-NF-κB levels. Collectively, our results provide the first direct evidence that AMPK has a marked protective effect on the adverse health effects induced by long-term PM2.5 exposure. Our findings suggest that strategies to increase AMPK activity may provide a novel approach to attenuate air pollution associated disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyun Wang
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiyue Shen
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guoxiong Tian
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xili Shi
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Institute for Environmental Reference Materials of Ministry of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yongguang Wu
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Can Peng
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shasha Liu
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ying Huang
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yingjie Chen
- Cardiovascular Division and Lillehei Heart Institute; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Wenjun Ding
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Zhongbing Lu
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Zhou Z, Shao T, Qin M, Miao X, Chang Y, Sheng W, Wu F, Yu Y. The effects of autophagy on vascular endothelial cells induced by airborne PM2.5. J Environ Sci (China) 2018; 66:182-187. [PMID: 29628085 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2017.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the direct toxicity of PM2.5 collected from Beijing on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). A Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK8) assay demonstrated that PM2.5 exposure decreased the proliferation of HUVECs in a dose-dependent manner. We also found that PM2.5 exposure induced autophagy in HUVECs, as evidenced by: (1) an increased number of double-membrane vesicles; (2) enhanced conversion and punctuation of the microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3); and (3) decreased levels of the selective autophagy substrate p62 in a time-dependent manner. Furthermore, promoting autophagy in PM2.5-exposed HUVECs with rapamycin increased the cell survival rate, whereas inhibiting autophagy via 3-methyladenine significantly decreased cell survival. These results demonstrate that PM2.5 exposure can induce cytotoxicity and autophagy in HUVECs and that autophagy play a protective role against PM2.5-induced cytotoxicity. The findings of the present study imply a direct toxic effect of PM2.5 on HUVECs and provide novel insight into the mechanism of cardiovascular diseases caused by PM2.5 exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiang Zhou
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Tong Shao
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Mengnan Qin
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xiaoyan Miao
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yu Chang
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Wang Sheng
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Fengshang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yunjiang Yu
- South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510655, China.
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75
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Li R, Zhou R, Zhang J. Function of PM2.5 in the pathogenesis of lung cancer and chronic airway inflammatory diseases. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:7506-7514. [PMID: 29725457 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research has identified that air pollution is associated with various respiratory diseases, but few studies have investigated the function served by particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) in these diseases. PM2.5 is known to cause epigenetic and microenvironmental alterations in lung cancer, including tumor-associated signaling pathway activation mediated by microRNA dysregulation, DNA methylation, and increased levels of cytokines and inflammatory cells. Autophagy and apoptosis of tumor cells may also be detected in lung cancer associated with PM2.5 exposure. A number of mechanisms are involved in triggering and aggravating asthma and COPD, including PM2.5-induced cytokine release and oxidative stress. The present review is an overview of the underlying molecular mechanisms of PM2.5-induced pathogenesis in lung cancer and chronic airway inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyi Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Jiange Zhang
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
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76
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Osielska MA, Jagodziński PP. Long non-coding RNA as potential biomarkers in non-small-cell lung cancer: What do we know so far? Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 101:322-333. [PMID: 29499406 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.02.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains one of the most frequent types of lung cancer characterized by its local advancement at diagnosis. Therefore, identification of new prognostic biomarkers has become one of the most important issue in NSCLC therapy. It is now well understood that genetic and epigenetic alterations are responsible for NSCLC development. Moreover, it has been recently revealed that the non-protein coding regions of the genome may serve as a template for transcription of various type of RNAs, collectively referred to as non-coding RNAs. Non-coding RNAs, including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in multiple cellular processes and it has been suggested that aberrant expression of lncRNAs may lead to tumour development, including NSCLC. Furthermore, some of the established risk factors for NSCLC may have an impact on expression level of several types of lncRNAs, and thus, affect the lung carcinogenesis through lncRNAs regulation. In this review, we would like to summarise the to-date knowledge about lncRNAs as potential biomarkers in NSCLC and the role of various environmental factors, such as smoking and air pollution, in development and progression of this tumour and their effect on lncRNAs expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Aleksandra Osielska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Paweł Piotr Jagodziński
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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77
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Liu CY, Zhang YH, Li RB, Zhou LY, An T, Zhang RC, Zhai M, Huang Y, Yan KW, Dong YH, Ponnusamy M, Shan C, Xu S, Wang Q, Zhang YH, Zhang J, Wang K. LncRNA CAIF inhibits autophagy and attenuates myocardial infarction by blocking p53-mediated myocardin transcription. Nat Commun 2018; 9:29. [PMID: 29295976 PMCID: PMC5750208 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02280-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in various biological processes. However, little is known about the effects of lncRNAs on autophagy. Here we report that a lncRNA, termed cardiac autophagy inhibitory factor (CAIF), suppresses cardiac autophagy and attenuates myocardial infarction by targeting p53-mediated myocardin transcription. Myocardin expression is upregulated upon H2O2 and ischemia/reperfusion, and knockdown of myocardin inhibits autophagy and attenuates myocardial infarction. p53 regulates cardiomyocytes autophagy and myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by regulating myocardin expression. CAIF directly binds to p53 protein and blocks p53-mediated myocardin transcription, which results in the decrease of myocardin expression. Collectively, our data reveal a novel CAIF-p53-myocardin axis as a critical regulator in cardiomyocyte autophagy, which will be potential therapeutic targets in treatment of defective autophagy-associated cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Yun Liu
- Center for Developmental Cardiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Yu-Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Failure center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Rui-Bei Li
- School of Professional Studies, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Lu-Yu Zhou
- Center for Developmental Cardiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Tao An
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Failure center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Rong-Cheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Failure center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Mei Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Failure center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Failure center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Kao-Wen Yan
- Center for Developmental Cardiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Yan-Han Dong
- Center for Developmental Cardiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Murugavel Ponnusamy
- Center for Developmental Cardiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Chan Shan
- Center for Developmental Cardiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Sheng Xu
- Center for Developmental Cardiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Center for Developmental Cardiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Yan-Hui Zhang
- Center for Developmental Cardiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Failure center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Center for Developmental Cardiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China.
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78
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Lv W, Sui L, Yan X, Xie H, Jiang L, Geng C, Li Q, Yao X, Kong Y, Cao J. ROS-dependent Atg4 upregulation mediated autophagy plays an important role in Cd-induced proliferation and invasion in A549 cells. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 279:136-144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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79
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Yu X, Ye X, Lin H, Feng N, Gao S, Zhang X, Wang Y, Yu H, Deng X, Qian B. Knockdown of long non-coding RNA LCPAT1 inhibits autophagy in lung cancer. Cancer Biol Med 2018; 15:228-237. [PMID: 30197790 PMCID: PMC6121053 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2017.0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in numerous biological processes in lung cancer cells. In our previous studies, we identified a lncRNA, ENST00000439577, which is highly expressed in lung carcinomas, and termed it lung cancer progression-associated transcript 1 (LCPAT1). To characterize the role of LCPAT1 in lung cancer, we conducted the current study. Methods Expression of LCPAT1 and autophagy-associated markers in tumor tissues and lung cancer cell lines was determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, qPCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry were performed to evaluate xenografted tumor tissues. Autophagy induced by rapamycin was detected by Western blot and immunofluorescence in lung cancer cell lines. Results Expression of LCPAT1 and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta (LC3B) was positively correlated in lung cancer. Knockdown of LCPAT1 inhibited tumor growth and suppressed cell autophagy in vivo. Moreover, LCPAT1 knockdown in lung cancer cell lines resulted in decreased autophagy-associated gene expression and alleviated the cell autophagy induced by rapamycin. Conclusions We speculate that LCPAT1 plays a crucial role in regulating autophagy in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yu
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital and Faculty of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiaofei Ye
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital and Faculty of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hongyan Lin
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital and Faculty of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Nannan Feng
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital and Faculty of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Sumeng Gao
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital and Faculty of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital and Faculty of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital and Faculty of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Herbert Yu
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Xiaobei Deng
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital and Faculty of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Biyun Qian
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital and Faculty of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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80
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Lu YY, Lin Y, Ding DX, Su S, Chi QQ, Zhang YC, Sun J, Zhang X, Zhu HM, Huang QS, Chi YL, Ye GZ, Tao S, Dong SJ. MiR-26a functions as a tumor suppressor in ambient particulate matter-bound metal-triggered lung cancer cell metastasis by targeting LIN28B-IL6-STAT3 axis. Arch Toxicol 2017; 92:1023-1035. [PMID: 29222745 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-2141-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) has been linked to the increasing incidence and mortality of lung cancer, but the principal toxic components and molecular mechanism remain to be further elucidated. In this study, human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells were treated with serial concentrations of water-extracted PM10 (WE-PM10) collected from Beijing, China. Our results showed that exposure to 25 and 50 μg/ml of WE-PM10 for 48 h significantly suppressed miR-26a to upregulate lin-28 homolog B (LIN28B), and in turn activated interleukin 6 (IL6) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in A549 cells, subsequently contributing to enhanced epithelial-mesenchymal transition and accelerated migration and invasion. In vivo pulmonary colonization assay further indicated that WE-PM10 enhanced the metastatic ability of A549 cells. In addition, luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that 3' untranslated region of LIN28B was a direct target of miR-26a. Last but not the least, the key toxic contribution of metals in WE-PM10 was confirmed by the finding that removal of metals through chelation significantly rescued WE-PM10-mediated inflammatory, carcinogenic and metastatic responses. Taken together, miR-26a could act as the tumor suppressor in PM10-related lung cancer, and PM10-bound metals promoted lung cancer cell metastasis through downregulation of miR-26a that directly mediated LIN28B expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yang Lu
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.,Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.,College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yi Lin
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China. .,Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.
| | - Dong-Xiao Ding
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.,Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.,College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shu Su
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Qiao-Qiao Chi
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - You-Chi Zhang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.,Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.,College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hui-Min Zhu
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.,Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Qian-Sheng Huang
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.,Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Yu-Lang Chi
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.,Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Guo-Zhu Ye
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.,Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Shu Tao
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Si-Jun Dong
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China. .,Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.
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81
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Long noncoding RNAs act as regulators of autophagy in cancer. Pharmacol Res 2017; 129:151-155. [PMID: 29133213 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators in various cellular processes. Studies have disclosed an important function of lncRNAs in the regulation of autophagy, a crucial cellular homeostatic mechanism that plays a pro-survival or pro-death role in cancer. Deregulation of lncRNAs can contribute to tumorigenesis and cancer progression, wherein lncRNAs can act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. In this review, we highlight the recent advances in understanding the relationship between lncRNAs and autophagy regulation in cancer. Exploiting the newly emerging knowledge of the lncRNA-autophagy-cancer axis may provide novel targets for cancer therapy.
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82
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Wei H, Liang F, Cheng W, Zhou R, Wu X, Feng Y, Wang Y. The mechanisms for lung cancer risk of PM 2.5 : Induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cell properties in human non-small cell lung cancer cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:2341-2351. [PMID: 28846189 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ) is a major component of air pollutions that are closely associated with increased risk of lung cancer. However, the role of PM2.5 in the etiology of lung cancer is largely unknown. In this study, we performed acute (24 hours) and chronic (five passages) exposure models to investigate the carcinogenetic mechanisms of PM2.5 by targeting the induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cells (CSC) properties in human non-small cell lung cancer cell line A549. We found that both acute and chronic PM2.5 exposure enhanced cell migration and invasion, decreased mRNA expression of epithelial markers and increased mRNA expression of mesenchymal markers. Chronic PM2.5 exposure further induced notable EMT morphology and CSC properties, indicating the developing process of cell malignant behaviors from acute to chronic PM2.5 exposure. CSC properties induced by chronic PM2.5 exposure characterized with increased cell-surface markers (CD44, ABCG2), self-renewal genes (SOX2 and OCT4), side population cells and neoplastic capacity. Furthermore, the levels of three stemness-associated microRNAs, Let-7a, miR-16 and miR-34a, were found to be significantly downregulated by chronic PM2.5 exposure, with microarray data analysis from TCGA database showing their lower expression in human lung adenocarcinoma tissues than that in the adjacent normal lung tissues. These data revealed that the induction of EMT and CSC properties were involved in the lung cancer risk of PM2.5 , and implicated CSC properties and related microRNAs as possible biomarkers for carcinogenicity prediction of PM2.5 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Wei
- The Ninth People Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Fan Liang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ren Zhou
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiaomeng Wu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yan Feng
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yan Wang
- The Ninth People Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Shanghai, 200092, China
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83
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Long non-coding RNAs involved in autophagy regulation. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e3073. [PMID: 28981093 PMCID: PMC5680586 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy degrades non-functioning or damaged proteins and organelles to maintain cellular homeostasis in a physiological or pathological context. Autophagy can be protective or detrimental, depending on its activation status and other conditions. Therefore, autophagy has a crucial role in a myriad of pathophysiological processes. From the perspective of autophagy-related (ATG) genes, the molecular dissection of autophagy process and the regulation of its level have been largely unraveled. However, the discovery of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) provides a new paradigm of gene regulation in almost all important biological processes, including autophagy. In this review, we highlight recent advances in autophagy-associated lncRNAs and their specific autophagic targets, as well as their relevance to human diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and cerebral ischemic stroke.
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84
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Yang D, Ma M, Zhou W, Yang B, Xiao C. Inhibition of miR-32 activity promoted EMT induced by PM2.5 exposure through the modulation of the Smad1-mediated signaling pathways in lung cancer cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 184:289-298. [PMID: 28601662 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.05.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a crucial morphological event during tumor progression. The present study reported that EMT could be triggered by airborne fine particulate matter (PM) with a mean diameter of less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) in human lung cancer cells. We also aimed to elucidate the possible mechanisms of these processes. The results showed that treatment with PM2.5 promoted the activity of the SMAD family member 1 (Smad1)-mediated signaling pathway and downregulated the expression of the inhibitory Smad proteins Smad6 and Smad7 in lung cancer cells. Moreover, the knockdown of Smad1 suppressed the EMT process induced by PM2.5 exposure. Our data further revealed that miR-32 has a negative effect on PM2.5-induced EMT. The results showed that the expression level of miR-32 was significantly upregulated in the PM2.5-induced EMT process. The knockdown of miR-32 enhances the activity of the Smad1-mediated signaling pathway, which promotes the EMT process induced by PM2.5. Thus, these findings indicate that PM2.5 can induce the EMT process through the Smad1-mediated signaling pathway, and miR-32 may act as an EMT inhibitor in lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Microecology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Medical College, No. 146, North Huanghe Street, Huanggu District, Shenyang City, 110034, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Medical College, No. 146, North Huanghe Street, Huanggu District, Shenyang City, 110034, PR China
| | - Mingyue Ma
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Microecology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Medical College, No. 146, North Huanghe Street, Huanggu District, Shenyang City, 110034, PR China; Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, No. 146, North Huanghe Street, Huanggu District, Shenyang City, 110034, PR China
| | - Weiqiang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Microecology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Medical College, No. 146, North Huanghe Street, Huanggu District, Shenyang City, 110034, PR China
| | - Biao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Microecology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Medical College, No. 146, North Huanghe Street, Huanggu District, Shenyang City, 110034, PR China
| | - Chunling Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Microecology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Medical College, No. 146, North Huanghe Street, Huanggu District, Shenyang City, 110034, PR China.
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85
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Autophagy Induced FHL2 Upregulation Promotes IL-6 Production by Activating the NF-κB Pathway in Mouse Aortic Endothelial Cells after Exposure to PM2.5. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071484. [PMID: 28714941 PMCID: PMC5535974 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological and clinical studies have increasingly shown that fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, which share the common feature of PM2.5-induced vascular inflammation; however, the underlying mechanisms of how PM2.5 triggers increased inflammatory response in vascular endothelial cells are not well understood. After treating mouse aortic endothelial cells (MAECs) with different concentrations of PM2.5, we assessed interleukin (IL)-6 and four and a half LIM domains 2 (FHL2) expression in cell supernatant by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot, respectively, as well as activation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and immune-response signaling pathways. Additionally, changes in pathway activation, IL-6 expression, and autophagy were evaluated under PM2.5 exposure, following FHL2 knockdown with small interfering RNA. Our results indicated that PM2.5 exposure induced FHL2 expression and IL-6 secretion, as well as activation of pathways associated with immune response. Additionally, following FHL2 knockdown, the activation of NF-κB-related pathways and IL-6 secretion was inhibited under PM2.5 exposure, although the Akt- and p38-signaling pathways were not affected. Furthermore, PM2.5 exposure induced autophagy, whereas autophagy inhibition eventually inhibited PM2.5-induced FHL2 expression. These findings suggested a novel link between autophagy induced FHL2 upregulation and IL-6 production in MAECs under PM2.5 exposure.
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86
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Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy is a catabolic process that is widely found in nature. Over the past few decades, mounting evidence has indicated that noncoding RNAs, ranging from small noncoding RNAs to long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and even circular RNAs (circRNAs), mediate the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of autophagy-related genes by participating in autophagy regulatory networks. The differential expression of noncoding RNAs affects autophagy levels at different physiological and pathological stages, including embryonic proliferation and differentiation, cellular senescence, and even diseases such as cancer. We summarize the current knowledge regarding noncoding RNA dysregulation in autophagy and investigate the molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying noncoding RNA involvement in autophagy regulatory networks. Then, we integrate public resources to predict autophagy-related noncoding RNAs across species and discuss strategies for and the challenges of identifying autophagy-related noncoding RNAs. This article will deepen our understanding of the relationship between noncoding RNAs and autophagy, and provide new insights to specifically target noncoding RNAs in autophagy-associated therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Peiyuan Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Lin Wan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Shouping Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China,CONTACT Da Pang ; Shouping Xu Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, No. 150 Haping Road, Harbin, China 150040
| | - Da Pang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China,CONTACT Da Pang ; Shouping Xu Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, No. 150 Haping Road, Harbin, China 150040
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