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Choi K, Park SY, Kwon Y, Lee J, Kwon O, Kim JY. Green tea extract and Piper retrofractum attenuate deoxycholic acid-induced damage and enhance the tight junction barrier: An analysis in a Caco-2 cell culture model and a DSS coinduced mouse model. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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52
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Moran TE, Hammers DE, Lee SW. The Role of Host-Cellular Responses in COVID-19 Endothelial Dysfunction. Curr Drug Targets 2022; 23:1555-1566. [PMID: 35748550 DOI: 10.2174/1389450123666220624094940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV2, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, is a novel member of the human coronavirus family that has recently emerged worldwide to cause COVID-19 disease. COVID-19 disease has been declared a worldwide pandemic with over 270 million total cases, and >5 million deaths as of this writing. Although co-morbidities and preexisting conditions have played a significant role in the severity of COVID-19, the hallmark feature of severe disease associated with SARS-CoV2 is respiratory failure. Recent findings have demonstrated a key role for endothelial dysfunction caused by SARS-CoV2 in these clinical outcomes, characterized by endothelial inflammation, the persistence of a pro-coagulative state, and major recruitment of leukocytes and other immune cells to localized areas of endothelial dysfunction. Though it is generally recognized that endothelial impairment is a major contributor to COVID-19 disease, studies to examine the initial cellular events involved in triggering endothelial dysfunction are needed. In this article, we review the general strategy of pathogens to exploit endothelial cells and the endothelium to cause disease. We discuss the role of the endothelium in COVID-19 disease and highlight very recent findings that identify key signaling and cellular events that are associated with the initiation of SARS-CoV2 infection. These studies may reveal specific molecular pathways that can serve as potential means of therapeutic development against COVID-19 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E Moran
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Daniel E Hammers
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.,Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Shaun W Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.,Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.,W.M. Keck Center for Transgene Research, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.,Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
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53
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Wei C, Chen X, Chen D, He J, Zheng P, Chen H, Yan H, Yu B, Luo Y, Huang Z. Effects of dietary dihydromyricetin supplementation on intestinal barrier and humoral immunity in growing-finishing pigs. Anim Biotechnol 2022; 33:1398-1406. [PMID: 35838495 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2022.2099881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effect of dietary dihydromyricetin (DHM) supplementation on intestinal barrier and humoral immunity in growing-finishing pigs. The data showed that dietary DHM supplementation improved jejunal barrier function by upregulating the protein expressions of Occludin and Claudin-1 and the mRNA levels of MUC1 and MUC2. Dietary DHM supplementation increased the amylase, lipase, sucrase and maltase activities and the mRNA expression of nutrient transporter (SGLT1, GLUT2, PepT1) in the jejunum mucosa. Dietary DHM supplementation significantly reduced the E. coli population in the cecum and colon and increased the Lactobacillus population in the cecum. In addition, dietary DHM supplementation increased the contents of butyric acid and valeric acid in cecum and colon. In serum, dietary DHM supplementation reduced interleukin-1β (IL-1β) content and increased interleukin-10 (IL-10), Immunoglobulin M (IgM) and Immunoglobulin A (IgA) contents (p < 0.05). In addition, compared with the control group, dietary DHM supplementation improved secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) contents and down-regulated TNF-α protein expression in jejunum mucosa (p < 0.05). Together, this study demonstrated that dietary DHM supplementation improved intestinal barrier function, digestion and absorption capacity and immune function in growing-finishing pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Wei
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoling Chen
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Jun He
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, P. R. China
| | - Hui Yan
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Bing Yu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Yuheng Luo
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
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Blood Vessels as a Key Mediator for Ethanol Toxicity: Implication for Neuronal Damage. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12111882. [PMID: 36431016 PMCID: PMC9696276 DOI: 10.3390/life12111882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Excessive intake of ethanol is associated with severe brain dysfunction, and the subsequent neurological and behavioral abnormalities are well-established social risks. Many research studies have addressed how ethanol induces neurological toxicity. However, the underlying mechanisms with which ethanol induces neurological toxicity are still obscure, perhaps due to the variety and complexity of these mechanisms. Epithelial cells are in direct contact with blood and can thus mediate ethanol neurotoxicity. Ethanol activates the endothelial cells of blood vessels, as well as lymphatic vessels, in a concentration-dependent manner. Among various signaling mediators, nitric oxide plays important roles in response to ethanol. Endothelial and inducible nitric oxide synthases (eNOS and iNOS) are upregulated and activated by ethanol and enhance neuroinflammation. On the other hand, angiogenesis and blood vessel remodeling are both affected by ethanol intake, altering blood supply and releasing angiocrine factors to regulate neuronal functions. Thus, ethanol directly acts on endothelial cells, yet the molecular target(s) on endothelial cells remain unknown. Previous studies on neurons and glial cells have validated the potential contribution of membrane lipids and some specific proteins as ethanol targets, which may also be the case in endothelial cells. Future studies, based on current knowledge, will allow for a greater understanding of the contribution and underlying mechanisms of endothelial cells in ethanol-induced neurological toxicity, protecting neurological health against ethanol toxicity.
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55
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Mavrogeni ME, Asadpoor M, Henricks PAJ, Keshavarzian A, Folkerts G, Braber S. Direct Action of Non-Digestible Oligosaccharides against a Leaky Gut. Nutrients 2022; 14:4699. [PMID: 36364961 PMCID: PMC9655944 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The epithelial monolayer is the primary determinant of mucosal barrier function, and tight junction (TJ) complexes seal the paracellular space between the adjacent epithelial cells and represent the main "gate-keepers" of the paracellular route. Impaired TJ functionality results in increased permeation of the "pro-inflammatory" luminal contents to the circulation that induces local and systemic inflammatory and immune responses, ultimately triggering and/or perpetuating (chronic) systemic inflammatory disorders. Increased gut leakiness is associated with intestinal and systemic disease states such as inflammatory bowel disease and neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease. Modulation of TJ dynamics is an appealing strategy aiming at inflammatory conditions associated with compromised intestinal epithelial function. Recently there has been a growing interest in nutraceuticals, particularly in non-digestible oligosaccharides (NDOs). NDOs confer innumerable health benefits via microbiome-shaping and gut microbiota-related immune responses, including enhancement of epithelial barrier integrity. Emerging evidence supports that NDOs also exert health-beneficial effects on microbiota independently via direct interactions with intestinal epithelial and immune cells. Among these valuable features, NDOs promote barrier function by directly regulating TJs via AMPK-, PKC-, MAPK-, and TLR-associated pathways. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the epithelial barrier-protective effects of different NDOs with a special focus on their microbiota-independent modulation of TJs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Eleni Mavrogeni
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mostafa Asadpoor
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul A. J. Henricks
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ali Keshavarzian
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Gert Folkerts
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia Braber
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
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56
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Maruyama M, Nishida Y, Tanaka H, Minami T, Ogawara KI, Miyake M, Takamura Y, Kakuta H, Higaki K. Analysis of absorption-enhancing mechanisms for combinatorial use of spermine with sodium taurocholate in Caco-2 cells. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 180:332-343. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Zejc T, Piontek J, Schulzke JD, Fromm M, Ervens J, Rosenthal R. Clinical Significance of Claudin Expression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911234. [PMID: 36232536 PMCID: PMC9569574 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A change in claudin expression has been demonstrated in various tumors. The present study specifically compares claudin expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) with healthy oral epithelium from the same individual and analyzes the association between claudin expression and the clinically relevant course parameters. Our study includes tissue samples and clinically relevant follow-up data from 60 patients with primary and untreated OSCC. The oral mucosa was analyzed via Western blot for the expression of claudin-1, -2, -3, -4, -5, and -7. Importantly, the tumor and healthy tissues were obtained pairwise from patients, allowing for intraindividual comparisons. Both the healthy and tumor epithelium from the oral cavity did not express the claudin-3 protein. The intraindividual comparison revealed that, in OSCC, claudin-2 expression was higher, and the expression of claudin-4, -5, and -7 was lower than in healthy epithelium. An association was found between increased claudin-2 expression and shorter relapse-free survival. In addition, the reduced expression of claudin-4 had a negative impact on relapse-free survival. Furthermore, associations between the reduced expression of claudin-7 and the stage of a tumor, or the presence of lymph node metastases, were found. Thus, the expression level of claudin-2, -4, and -7 appears to be predictive of the diagnosis and prognosis of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Zejc
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Clinical Physiology/Nutritional Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Piontek
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Clinical Physiology/Nutritional Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg-Dieter Schulzke
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Clinical Physiology/Nutritional Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Fromm
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Clinical Physiology/Nutritional Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jürgen Ervens
- Klinik für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Plastische Chirurgie, Vivantes Klinikum Neukölln, Rudower Straße 48, Neukölln, 12351 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rita Rosenthal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Clinical Physiology/Nutritional Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-30-450-514-527
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Shang J, Yang S, Tang Z, Chen Y, Duan B, Meng X. Bifidobacterium bifidum H3-R2 and Its Molecular Communication within the Context of Ulcerative Colitis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:11678-11688. [PMID: 36095239 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bifidobacteria are important mediators of immune system development within the gastrointestinal system and immunological homeostasis. The present study explored the anti-colitic activity of Bifidobacterium bifidum H3-R2 in a murine dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced model of ulcerative colitis (UC). Moreover, this study offers novel insight regarding the molecular basis for the probiotic properties of B. bifidum H3-R2 by analyzing the underlying mechanisms whereby B. bifidum H3-R2-derived proteins affect the intestinal barrier. B. bifidum H3-R2 administration was sufficient to alleviate clinical manifestations consistent with DSS-induced colitis, restoring aberrant inflammatory cytokine production, enhancing tight junction protein expression, and positively impacting overall intestinal microecological homeostasis in these animals. Moreover, the bifidobacteria-derived GroEL and transaldolase (TAL) proteins were found to regulate tight junction protein expression via the NF-κB, myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), RhoA/Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, preventing the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated disruption of the intestinal epithelial cell barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacui Shang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zongxin Tang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yuhan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Bofan Duan
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiangchen Meng
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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Chang JW, Seo ST, Im MA, Won HR, Liu L, Oh C, Jin YL, Piao Y, Kim HJ, Kim JT, Jung SN, Koo BS. Claudin-1 mediates progression by regulating EMT through AMPK/TGF-β signaling in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Transl Res 2022; 247:58-78. [PMID: 35462077 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Claudin-1 (CLDN1), a major component of tight junction complexes in the epithelium, maintains cellular polarity, and plays a critical role in cell-to-cell communication as well as epithelial cell homeostasis. Although the role of CLDN1 has been widely studied in cancer, its role in the progression and the exact regulatory mechanisms, remain controversial. Using next-generation sequencing, we first analyzed the expression profiles of tumor/non-tumor paired tissue in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) from public and local cohorts and found out that CLDN1 is upregulated in tumors compared to normal tissues. Next, its correlation with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis was validated in the retrospective cohort, which collectively suggests CLDN1 as an oncogene in HNSC. As expected, the knockdown of CLDN1 inhibited invasive phenotypes by downregulating epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro. To ascertain the regulatory mechanism of CLDN1 in HNSC analysis of GO term enrichment, KEGG pathways, and curated gene sets were used. As a result, CLDN1 was negatively associated with AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and positively associated with transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling. In vitro mechanistic assay showed that CLDN1 inhibited AMPK phosphorylation by regulating AMPK upstream phosphatases, which led to inhibition of Smad2 activity. Intriguingly, the invasive phenotype of cancer cells increased by CLDN1 overexpression was rescued by AMPK activation, indicating a role of the CLDN1/AMPK/TGF-β/EMT cascade in HNSC. Consistently in vivo, CLDN1 suppression significantly inhibited the tumor growth, with elevated AMPK expression, suggesting the novel observation of oncogenic CLDN1-AMPK signaling in HNSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Won Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Tae Seo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ae Im
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Ryun Won
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Lihua Liu
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Oh
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yan Li Jin
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yudan Piao
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Jong Kim
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Tae Kim
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Nam Jung
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Xu ZZ, Fei SK. Research progress of tight junction protein claudin-3 in hepatobiliary systemic diseases. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2022; 30:668-673. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v30.i15.668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Claudin-3 is an important member of the claudin family of tight junction proteins and is the most abundant tight junction protein in the hepatobiliary system. It plays an important role in building tight junctions of hepatobiliary cells, and maintaining cellular barrier function and molecular delivery function. Dysregulation of hepatic claudin-3 expression leads to disruption of hepatobiliary system junctions, metabolic function, barrier function, proliferation capacity, and molecular delivery function, and is closely related to the development of various hepatobiliary diseases such as hepatic malignancies, cholesterol stones, and chronic liver diseases. In this paper, we review the progress in the research of claudin-3 in hepatobiliary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zu-Zhi Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Splenic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shu-Ke Fei
- Department of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Splenic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421000, Hunan Province, China
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61
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Godbole NM, Chowdhury AA, Chataut N, Awasthi S. Tight Junctions, the Epithelial Barrier, and Toll-like Receptor-4 During Lung Injury. Inflammation 2022; 45:2142-2162. [PMID: 35779195 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-022-01708-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Lung epithelium is constantly exposed to the environment and is critically important for the orchestration of initial responses to infectious organisms, toxins, and allergic stimuli, and maintenance of normal gaseous exchange and pulmonary function. The integrity of lung epithelium, fluid balance, and transport of molecules is dictated by the tight junctions (TJs). The TJs are formed between adjacent cells. We have focused on the topic of the TJ structure and function in lung epithelial cells. This review includes a summary of the last twenty years of literature reports published on the disrupted TJs and epithelial barrier in various lung conditions and expression and regulation of specific TJ proteins against pathogenic stimuli. We discuss the molecular signaling and crosstalk among signaling pathways that control the TJ structure and function. The Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) recognizes the pathogen- and damage-associated molecular patterns released during lung injury and inflammation and coordinates cellular responses. The molecular aspects of TLR4 signaling in the context of TJs or the epithelial barrier are not fully known. We describe the current knowledge and possible networking of the TLR4-signaling with cellular and molecular mechanisms of TJs, lung epithelial barrier function, and resistance to treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nachiket M Godbole
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1110 N. Stonewall Avenue, Oklahoma City, OK, 73117, USA
| | - Asif Alam Chowdhury
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1110 N. Stonewall Avenue, Oklahoma City, OK, 73117, USA
| | - Neha Chataut
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1110 N. Stonewall Avenue, Oklahoma City, OK, 73117, USA
| | - Shanjana Awasthi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1110 N. Stonewall Avenue, Oklahoma City, OK, 73117, USA.
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Ahlswede L, Siebenaller C, Junglas B, Hellmann N, Schneider D. Human Claudin-7 cis-Interactions Are Not Crucial for Membrane-Membrane (Trans-) Interactions. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:908383. [PMID: 35832741 PMCID: PMC9271825 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.908383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human Claudin-7 (Cldn7) is a member of the Claudin (Cldn) superfamily. In vivo, these proteins form tight junctions, which establish constricted connections between cells. Cldns oligomerize within the membrane plane (= cis-interaction), and also interact with Cldns from adjacent cells (= trans-interaction). Interactions of Cldns are typically studied in vivo and structural analyses of isolated Cldns are limited. Here, we describe heterologous expression in E. coli and purification of human Cldn7, enabling in vitro analyses of the isolated protein using detergent and model membrane systems. Cldn7 exists as a monomer, hexamer, and various higher oligomers in micelles. While only limited unfolding of the protein was observed in the presence of the anionic detergent sodium dodecyl sulfate, decreased ionic strength did affect Cldn7 cis-interactions. Furthermore, we identified two amino acids which mediate electrostatic cis-interactions and analyzed the impact of disturbed cis-interaction on trans-contacts via atomic force microscopy and monitoring Förster resonance energy transfer between fluorescently labeled Cldn7-containing proteoliposomes. Our results indicate that Cldn7 cis-oligomerization might not be a prerequisite for establishing trans-contacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Ahlswede
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Carmen Siebenaller
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Benedikt Junglas
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nadja Hellmann
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dirk Schneider
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- *Correspondence: Dirk Schneider,
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63
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Fernández-Lainez C, Logtenberg MJ, Tang X, Schols HA, López-Velázquez G, de Vos P. β(2→1) chicory and β(2→1)-β(2→6) agave fructans protect the human intestinal barrier function in vitro in a stressor-dependent fashion. Food Funct 2022; 13:6737-6748. [PMID: 35665791 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00534d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dietary fibers such as fructans can protect the intestinal epithelial barrier integrity, but the mechanisms underlying this protection are not completely understood. We aimed to study the protective effect of β(2→1)-β(2→6) branched graminan-type fructans (GTFs) on gut epithelial barrier function that was disrupted by three different agents which impact the barrier function via different cellular mechanisms. The effects of GTFs were compared with those of linear β(2→1) inulin-type fructans (ITFs). T84 intestinal epithelial monolayers were incubated with GTFs and ITFs. Afterwards, the monolayers were challenged with the barrier disruptors calcium ionophore A23187, 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and deoxynivalenol (DON). Transepithelial resistance was measured with an electric cell-substrate impedance sensing system. All fructans studied prevented the barrier disruption induced by A23187. ITF II protected from the disruptive effects of PMA. However, none of the studied fructans influenced the disruption induced by DON. As a measure of disruption-induced inflammation, interleukin-8 (IL-8) production by the intestinal epithelium was determined by ELISA. The production of IL-8 induced by A23187 was decreased by all fructans, whereas IL-8 production induced by DON decreased only upon pre-treatment with ITF II. None of the studied fructans prevented PMA induced IL-8 production. GTFs just like ITFs can influence the barrier function and inflammatory processes in gut epithelial cells in a structure-dependent fashion. These distinct protective effects are dependent on the different signaling pathways that lead to gut barrier disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Fernández-Lainez
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Laboratorio de Errores innatos del Metabolismo y Tamiz, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Av. Iman 1, 04530, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Edificio D, 1° Piso. Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Madelon J Logtenberg
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Xin Tang
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Henk A Schols
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Gabriel López-Velázquez
- Laboratorio de Biomoléculas y Salud Infantil, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Av. Iman 1, 04530, Cuidad de México, Mexico.
| | - Paul de Vos
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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64
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TRPV6 channel mediates alcohol-induced gut barrier dysfunction and systemic response. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110937. [PMID: 35705057 PMCID: PMC9250449 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial tight junction disruption is a primary contributing factor in alcohol-associated endotoxemia, systemic inflammation, and multiple organ damage. Ethanol and acetaldehyde disrupt tight junctions by elevating intracellular Ca2+. Here we identify TRPV6, a Ca2+-permeable channel, as responsible for alcohol-induced elevation of intracellular Ca2+, intestinal barrier dysfunction, and systemic inflammation. Ethanol and acetaldehyde elicit TRPV6 ionic currents in Caco-2 cells. Studies in Caco-2 cell monolayers and mouse intestinal organoids show that TRPV6 deficiency or inhibition attenuates ethanol- and acetaldehyde-induced Ca2+ influx, tight junction disruption, and barrier dysfunction. Moreover, Trpv6−/− mice are resistant to alcohol-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction. Photoaffinity labeling of 3-azibutanol identifies a histidine as a potential alcohol-binding site in TRPV6. The substitution of this histidine, and a nearby arginine, reduces ethanol-activated currents. Our findings reveal that TRPV6 is required for alcohol-induced gut barrier dysfunction and inflammation. Molecules that decrease TRPV6 function have the potential to attenuate alcohol-associated tissue injury. Meena et al. show that the mechanism of alcohol-induced gut permeability, endotoxemia, and systemic inflammation requires the TRPV6 channel. They show that ethanol activates TRPV6, induces calcium influx, and disrupts intestinal epithelial tight junctions. Furthermore, specific histidine and arginine residues at the N terminus fine-tune the alcohol-induced activation of TRPV6.
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65
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Lee JY, Kim CY. Preventive Effects of Thinned Apple Extracts on TNF-α-Induced Intestinal Tight Junction Dysfunction in Caco-2 Cells through Myosin Light Chain Kinase Suppression. Foods 2022; 11:foods11121714. [PMID: 35741912 PMCID: PMC9222279 DOI: 10.3390/foods11121714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction and elevation of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α. Tight junctions (TJ) control the paracellular barrier of the gut. Thinned apples are an indispensable horticultural agro-waste for apple cultivation, but are disposed by most farmers. This study aimed to elucidate the preventive effect of thinned apple extracts (TAE) on the intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction induced by TNF-α treatment in Caco-2 cells. The differentiated Caco-2 monolayers were pre-treated with mature apple extract (MAE) and TAE for 1 h and then incubated with 100 ng/mL TNF-α for 24 h. The TJ integrity was estimated by measuring the value of transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and the flux of fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran through paracellular transport. TAE had a better protective effect on the intestinal epithelial barrier than MAE did. Western blot results showed that TAE pre-retreatment elevated TJ protein levels such as claudin-1, -4, and -5. Moreover, TAE inhibited the interaction between zonula occludens proteins (ZO)-1 and occludin by reducing the tyrosine phosphorylation of ZO-1. The mechanisms underlying TAE-mediated attenuation of TNF-α-induced TJ disruption included suppression of myosin light chain kinase and NF-κB p65 protein levels. Therefore, thinned apples could be a sustainable ingredient for functional foods to prevent IBD.
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66
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Wei CX, Wu JH, Huang YH, Wang XZ, Li JY. Lactobacillus plantarum improves LPS-induced Caco2 cell line intestinal barrier damage via cyclic AMP-PKA signaling. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267831. [PMID: 35639684 PMCID: PMC9154120 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) has been shown to exhibit protective effects on intestinal barrier function in septic rats, although the regulatory mechanism has not been established. We determined whether LP imparts such protective effects in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced Caco2 cell monolayer model and whether cAMP-PKA signaling is the underlying mechanism of action. The cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) agonist, forskolin (FSK), and the protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor, HT89, were used to study the protective effect of LP on the destruction of the tight junction (TJ) structure of cells treated with LPS and the corresponding changes in cAMP-PKA signaling. Our experimental results demonstrated that LP promoted the expression of TJ proteins between Caco2 cells after LPS treatment, and increased the electrical barrier detection (TEER) between Caco2 cells. Moreover, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that the TJ structural integrity of cells treated with LPS + LP was improved compared to cells treated with LPS alone. In addition, our findings were consistent between the FSK and LP intervention group, while HT89 inhibited LP influence. Taken together, our results indicate that LP has an improved protective effect on LPS-induced damage to the monolayer membrane barrier function of Caco2 cells and is regulated by the cAMP-PKA pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Xiang Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology and Fujian Institute of Digestive Disease, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, P.R. China
| | - Ju-Hua Wu
- Digestive Endoscopy Center, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, Fujian Province, P.R. China
| | - Yue-Hong Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Fujian Institute of Digestive Disease, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Zhong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Fujian Institute of Digestive Disease, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (XZW); (JYL)
| | - Jian-Ying Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Fujian Institute of Digestive Disease, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (XZW); (JYL)
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67
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L-glutamine for sickle cell disease: more than reducing redox. Ann Hematol 2022; 101:1645-1654. [PMID: 35568758 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-022-04867-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a major contributor to the pathophysiology of sickle cell disease (SCD) including hemolysis and vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC). L-glutamine is a conditionally essential amino acid with important roles, including the synthesis of antioxidants, such as reduced glutathione and the cofactors NAD(H) and NADP(H), as well as nitric oxide. Given the increased levels of oxidative stress and lower (NADH):(NAD + + NADH) ratio in sickle erythrocytes that adversely affects the blood rheology compared to normal red blood cells, L-glutamine was investigated for its therapeutic potential to reduce VOC. While L-glutamine was approved by the United States (US) Food and Drug Administration to treat SCD, its impact on the redox environment in sickle erythrocytes is not fully understood. The mechanism through which L-glutamine reduces VOC in SCD is also not clear. In this paper, we will summarize the results of the Phase 3 study that led to the approval of L-glutamine for treating SCD and discuss its assumed mechanisms of action. We will examine the role of L-glutamine in health and propose how the extra-erythrocytic functions of L-glutamine might contribute to its beneficial effects in SCD. Further research into the role of L-glutamine on extra-erythrocyte functions might help the development of an improved formulation with more efficacy.
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68
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Doyle D, Carney Almroth B, Sundell K, Simopoulou N, Sundh H. Transport and Barrier Functions in Rainbow Trout Trunk Skin Are Regulated by Environmental Salinity. Front Physiol 2022; 13:882973. [PMID: 35634157 PMCID: PMC9136037 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.882973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underpinning ionic transport and barrier function have been relatively well characterised in amphibians and fish. In teleost fish, these processes have mostly been characterised in the gill and intestine. In contrast, these processes remain much less clear for the trunk skin of fish. In this study, we measured barrier function and active transport in the trunk skin of the rainbow trout, using the Ussing chamber technique. The effects of epithelial damage, skin region, salinity, and pharmacological inhibition were tested. Skin barrier function decreased significantly after the infliction of a superficial wound through the removal of scales. Wound healing was already underway after 3 h and, after 24 h, there was no significant difference in barrier function towards ions between the wounded and control skin. In relation to salinity, skin permeability decreased drastically following exposure to freshwater, and increased following exposure to seawater. Changes in epithelial permeability were accompanied by salinity-dependent changes in transepithelial potential and short-circuit current. The results of this study support the idea that barrier function in rainbow trout trunk skin is regulated by tight junctions that rapidly respond to changes in salinity. The changes in transepithelial permeability and short circuit current also suggest the presence of an active transport component. Immunostaining and selective inhibition suggest that one active transport component is an apical V-ATPase. However, further research is required to determine the exact role of this transporter in the context of the trunk skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Doyle
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - B Carney Almroth
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - K Sundell
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - N Simopoulou
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - H Sundh
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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69
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Wu C, Zhong L, Li W, Liu B, Huang B, Luo Z, Wu Y. Study on the mechanism of Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection on chicken tracheal mucosa injury. Avian Pathol 2022; 51:361-373. [PMID: 35503522 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2022.2068997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTMycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) is a pathogenic microorganism that causes serious harm to the poultry industry. It is mainly adsorbed on the cilia and mucosa of respiratory epithelial cells, causing tracheal mucosal damage or cilia loss, causing chronic respiratory disease (CRD). In order to study the effect of MG infection on chicken tracheal mucosa injury and explore its possible mechanism, specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens were challenged with Mycoplasma gallisepticum wild-type strain MG-HY. Then, transcriptome sequencing analysis was performed to study the mechanism of MG tracheal mucosal damage. During infection, MG localizes and proliferates in the chicken trachea, and induces mucosal damage. A total of 3112 significantly (P < 0.01) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were selected by RNA-seq, including 1646 up-regulated genes and 1466 down-regulated genes. Functional analysis showed increased expression levels of genes involved in immune defense response and mechanical barrier of tracheal mucosa in infected chicks. The expression level of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α) increased, activating the upstream protein Ras of the ERK-MLCK signaling pathway, Ras causing ERK phosphorylation levels to rise and MLCK activation, thus causing phosphationalization of MLC, and further regulating the expression and mucous distribution of tight junction protein (TJ), leading to tracheal mucosal injury in chicks. The results of qRT-PCR assay and immunohistochemical analysis were consistent with the results of transcriptome analysis. Overall, Our findings provide a basis for further research on the underlying mechanism of chick tracheal mucosal damage caused by MG infection, and help to understand how MG induces respiratory immune damage in birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlin Wu
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 8 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Lemiao Zhong
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 8 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenji Li
- ZooKo biochec technology Co. Ltd, Nanping 354200, People's Republic of China
| | - Binhui Liu
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 8 350002, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Vocational College of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoqin Huang
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 8 350002, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Sunner Development Co. Ltd, Nanping 354100, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongbao Luo
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 8 350002, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Sunner Development Co. Ltd, Nanping 354100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijian Wu
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 8 350002, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Animal 10 Health (Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University), Fuzhou 350002, People's 11 Republic of China
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70
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Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Infection Disrupts the Nasal Endothelial Barrier To Favor Viral Dissemination. J Virol 2022; 96:e0038022. [PMID: 35435723 PMCID: PMC9093128 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00380-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Crossing the endothelium from the entry site and spreading in the bloodstream are crucial but obscure steps in the pathogenesis of many emerging viruses. Previous studies confirmed that porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) caused intestinal infection by intranasal inoculation. However, the role of the nasal endothelial barrier in PEDV translocation remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that PEDV infection causes nasal endothelial dysfunction to favor viral dissemination. Intranasal inoculation with PEDV compromised the integrity of endothelial cells (ECs) in nasal microvessels. The matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP-7) released from the PEDV-infected nasal epithelial cells (NECs) contributed to the destruction of endothelial integrity by degrading the tight junctions, rather than direct PEDV infection. Moreover, the proinflammatory cytokines released from PEDV-infected NECs activated ECs to upregulate ICAM-1 expression, which favored peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) migration. PEDV could further exploit migrated cells to favor viral dissemination. Together, our results reveal the mechanism by which PEDV manipulates the endothelial dysfunction to favor viral dissemination and provide novel insights into how coronavirus interacts with the endothelium. IMPORTANCE The endothelial barrier is the last but vital defense against systemic viral transmission. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) can cause severe atrophic enteritis and acute viremia. However, the mechanisms by which the virus crosses the endothelial barrier and causes viremia are poorly understood. In this study, we revealed the mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction in PEDV infection. The viral infection activates NECs and causes the upregulation of MMP-7 and proinflammatory cytokines. Using NECs, ECs, and PBMCs as in vitro models, we determined that the released MMP-7 contributed to the destruction of endothelial barrier, and the released proinflammatory cytokines activated ECs to facilitate PBMCs migration. Moreover, the virus further exploited the migrated cells to promote viral dissemination. Thus, our results provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying endothelial dysfunction induced by coronavirus infection.
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71
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Ye X, Song G, Huang S, Liang Q, Fang Y, Lian L, Zhu S. Caspase-1: A Promising Target for Preserving Blood–Brain Barrier Integrity in Acute Stroke. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:856372. [PMID: 35370546 PMCID: PMC8971909 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.856372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood–brain barrier (BBB) acts as a physical and biochemical barrier that plays a fundamental role in regulating the blood-to-brain influx of endogenous and exogenous components and maintaining the homeostatic microenvironment of the central nervous system (CNS). Acute stroke leads to BBB disruption, blood substances extravasation into the brain parenchyma, and the consequence of brain edema formation with neurological impairment afterward. Caspase-1, one of the evolutionary conserved families of cysteine proteases, which is upregulated in acute stroke, mainly mediates pyroptosis and compromises BBB integrity via lytic cellular death and inflammatory cytokines release. Nowadays, targeting caspase-1 has been proven to be effective in decreasing the occurrence of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) and in attenuating brain edema and secondary damages during acute stroke. However, the underlying interactions among caspase-1, BBB, and stroke still remain ill-defined. Hence, in this review, we are concerned about the roles of caspase-1 activation and its associated mechanisms in stroke-induced BBB damage, aiming at providing insights into the significance of caspase-1 inhibition on stroke treatment in the near future.
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72
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Zhao D, Yi H, Sang N. Arsenic intake-induced gastric toxicity is blocked by grape skin extract by modulating inflammation and oxidative stress in a mouse model. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 233:113305. [PMID: 35189519 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is known to induce toxic responses in many organs of human beings and animals. However, research concerning toxicity in the stomach is limited. In this study, arsenic-induced gastric toxicity was investigated in a mouse model, and grape skin extract (GSE) was confirmed to have protective effects against arsenic toxicity. Our experimental results showed that exposure to 10 mg/l arsenic via drinking water for 56 days caused oxidative damage and inflammatory responses. The H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were significantly increased, accompanied by significant decreases in total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity and glutathione (GSH) content in the gastric tissue of arsenic-treated mice. Two inflammatory signalling pathways, i.e., TLR2/MyD88/NF-κB and IL-6/STAT-3, were activated, along with inflammatory cell infiltration and the elevated mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IFN-γ) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the gastric tissue of mice exposed to arsenic. Meanwhile, the mRNA levels of the ZO-1, ZO-2 and occludin genes, which encode the key components of tight junction (TJ) complexes, were downregulated. However, the application of GSE (300 mg/kg bw) significantly inhibited the arsenic-induced increases in H2O2 and MDA contents and the decreases in T-SOD activity and GSH content. The arsenic-mediated gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IFN-γ), MPO and IL-6/STAT3 and TLR2/MyD88/NF-κB pathways was found down-regulated. Moreover, the arsenic-induced inflammatory cell infiltration and inhibition of TJ genes transcription were markedly attenuated in the As+GSE (300 mg/kg bw) group. Based on the present findings, arsenic intake appears to cause gastric toxicity via oxidative stress and inflammation, and the application of GSE offers significant protection against arsenic toxicity in a mouse model by attenuating the oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Our results suggest that GSE by oral administration might function as a candidate therapeutic supplement to antagonize arsenic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyu Zhao
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi Province, China; Center for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan 030012, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Huilan Yi
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi Province, China.
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi Province, China
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73
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Ruan T, Sun Y, Zhang J, Sun J, Liu W, Prinz RA, Peng D, Liu X, Xu X. H5N1 infection impairs the alveolar epithelial barrier through intercellular junction proteins via Itch-mediated proteasomal degradation. Commun Biol 2022; 5:186. [PMID: 35233032 PMCID: PMC8888635 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03131-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The H5N1 subtype of the avian influenza virus causes sporadic but fatal infections in humans. H5N1 virus infection leads to the disruption of the alveolar epithelial barrier, a pathologic change that often progresses into acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and pneumonia. The mechanisms underlying this remain poorly understood. Here we report that H5N1 viruses downregulate the expression of intercellular junction proteins (E-cadherin, occludin, claudin-1, and ZO-1) in several cell lines and the lungs of H5N1 virus-infected mice. H5N1 virus infection activates TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), which then activates p38 and ERK to induce E3 ubiquitin ligase Itch expression and to promote occludin ubiquitination and degradation. Inhibition of the TAK1-Itch pathway restores the intercellular junction structure and function in vitro and in the lungs of H5N1 virus-infected mice. Our study suggests that H5N1 virus infection impairs the alveolar epithelial barrier by downregulating the expression of intercellular junction proteins at the posttranslational level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ruan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuling Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jingting Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jing Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China.,Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Richard A Prinz
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL, 60201, USA
| | - Daxin Peng
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiufan Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiulong Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China. .,Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China. .,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China.
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74
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Gastric Cancer: Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Approaches. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030543. [PMID: 35327345 PMCID: PMC8945014 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) remains one of the most common deadly malignancies worldwide. Recently, several targeted therapeutics for treating unresectable or metastatic GC have been developed. Comprehensive characterization of the molecular profile and of the tumor immune microenvironment of GC has allowed researchers to explore promising biomarkers for GC treatment and has enabled a new paradigm in precision-targeted immunotherapy. In this article, we review established and promising new biomarkers relevant in GC, with a focus on their clinical implications, diagnostic methods, and the efficacy of targeted agents.
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75
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Zhao H, Yang J, Wang Q, Cui Z, Li D, Niu J, Guo Y, Zhang Q, Zhang S, Zhao Y, Wang K, Lian W, Hu G. Exosomal miRNA-328-3p targets ZO-3 and inhibits porcine epidemic diarrhea virus proliferation. Arch Virol 2022; 167:901-910. [PMID: 35147806 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-022-05364-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
As essential transfer carriers for cell-to-cell communication and genetic material, exosomes carry microRNAs that participate in the regulation of various biological processes. MicroRNAs are a type of single-stranded noncoding RNA that bind to specific target gene mRNAs to degrade or inhibit their translation, thereby regulating target gene expression. Although it is known that a variety of microRNAs are involved in the viral infection process, there are few reports on specific microRNAs involved in porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection. In this study, we isolated and identified exosomes in PEDV-infected Vero E6 cells. Using transcriptomics technology, we found that miRNA-328-3p was significantly downregulated in exosomes following PEDV infection. Moreover, exosomal miRNA-328-3p inhibited infection by PEDV by targeting and inhibiting tight junction protein 3 (TJP-3/ZO-3) in recipient cells. Our findings provide evidence that, after infecting cells, PEDV downregulates expression of miRNA-328-3p, and the resulting reduced inhibition of the target protein ZO-3 helps to enhance PEDV infection. These results provide new insight for understanding the regulatory mechanism of PEDV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Jinxin Yang
- Jilin Provincal Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Affiliated Hospital, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Zhanding Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Dengliang Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shanxi, China
| | - Jiangting Niu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Yanbing Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Yanli Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Wei Lian
- Jilin ZhengYe Biological Products Co., Ltd., Jilin, 132101, Jilin, China.
| | - Guixue Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
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Shehata AA, Yalçın S, Latorre JD, Basiouni S, Attia YA, Abd El-Wahab A, Visscher C, El-Seedi HR, Huber C, Hafez HM, Eisenreich W, Tellez-Isaias G. Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Phytogenic Substances for Optimizing Gut Health in Poultry. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10020395. [PMID: 35208851 PMCID: PMC8877156 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota has been designated as a hidden metabolic ‘organ’ because of its enormous impact on host metabolism, physiology, nutrition, and immune function. The connection between the intestinal microbiota and their respective host animals is dynamic and, in general, mutually beneficial. This complicated interaction is seen as a determinant of health and disease; thus, intestinal dysbiosis is linked with several metabolic diseases. Therefore, tractable strategies targeting the regulation of intestinal microbiota can control several diseases that are closely related to inflammatory and metabolic disorders. As a result, animal health and performance are improved. One of these strategies is related to dietary supplementation with prebiotics, probiotics, and phytogenic substances. These supplements exert their effects indirectly through manipulation of gut microbiota quality and improvement in intestinal epithelial barrier. Several phytogenic substances, such as berberine, resveratrol, curcumin, carvacrol, thymol, isoflavones and hydrolyzed fibers, have been identified as potential supplements that may also act as welcome means to reduce the usage of antibiotics in feedstock, including poultry farming, through manipulation of the gut microbiome. In addition, these compounds may improve the integrity of tight junctions by controlling tight junction-related proteins and inflammatory signaling pathways in the host animals. In this review, we discuss the role of probiotics, prebiotics, and phytogenic substances in optimizing gut function in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awad A. Shehata
- Research and Development Section, PerNaturam GmbH, 56290 Gödenroth, Germany
- Avian and Rabbit Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt
- Correspondence: (A.A.S.); (G.T.-I.)
| | - Sakine Yalçın
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University (AU), 06110 Ankara, Turkey;
| | - Juan D. Latorre
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
| | - Shereen Basiouni
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt;
| | - Youssef A. Attia
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Amr Abd El-Wahab
- Institute for Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30173 Hannover, Germany; (A.A.E.-W.); (C.V.)
- Department of Nutrition and Nutritional Deficiency Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Christian Visscher
- Institute for Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30173 Hannover, Germany; (A.A.E.-W.); (C.V.)
| | - Hesham R. El-Seedi
- Pharmacognosy Group, Biomedical Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, SE 75124 Uppsala, Sweden;
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-Products Processing, Jiangsu Education Department, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Claudia Huber
- Bavarian NMR Center, Structural Membrane Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbegstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany; (C.H.); (W.E.)
| | - Hafez M. Hafez
- Institute of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Free University of Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Wolfgang Eisenreich
- Bavarian NMR Center, Structural Membrane Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbegstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany; (C.H.); (W.E.)
| | - Guillermo Tellez-Isaias
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
- Correspondence: (A.A.S.); (G.T.-I.)
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Bacillus coagulans TL3 Inhibits LPS-Induced Caecum Damage in Rat by Regulating the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB and Nrf2 Signal Pathways and Modulating Intestinal Microflora. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:5463290. [PMID: 35178157 PMCID: PMC8843965 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5463290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Bacillus coagulans has been widely used in food and feed additives, which can effectively inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria, improve intestinal microecological environment, promote intestinal development, and enhance intestinal function, but its probiotic mechanism is not completely clear. Aim The aim of this study is to discuss the effect and mechanism of Bacillus coagulans TL3 on oxidative stress and inflammatory injury of cecum induced by LPS. Method The Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups, each containing 7 animals. Two groups were fed with basic diet (the LPS and control, or CON, groups). The remaining groups were fed with basic diet and either a intragastric administration high or low dose of B. coagulans, forming the HBC and LBC groups, respectively. The rats were fed normally for two weeks. On the 15th day, those in the LPS, HBC, and LBC groups were injected intraperitoneally with LPS—the rats in the CON group were injected intraperitoneally with physiological saline. After 4 hours, all the rats were anesthetized and sacrificed by cervical dislocation, allowing samples to be collected and labeled. The inflammatory and antioxidant cytokine changes of the cecum were measured, and the pathological changes of the cecum were observed, determining the cecal antioxidant, inflammation, and changes in tight junction proteins and analysis of intestinal flora. Result The results show that LPS induces oxidative damage in the cecal tissues of rats and the occurrence of inflammation could also be detected in the serum. The Western blot results detected changes in the NF-κB- and Nrf2-related signaling pathways and TJ-related protein levels. Compared with the LPS group, the HBC group showed significantly downregulated levels of expression of Nrf2, NQO1, HO-1, GPX, and GCLC. The expression of TLR4, MYD88, NF-κB, IL-6, TNFα, and IL-1β was also significantly downregulated, while the expression of other proteins (ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-1) increased significantly. Bacillus coagulans TL3 was also found to increase the relative abundance of the beneficial bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila in the intestines. There is also a significant reduction in the number of harmful bacteria Escherichia coli and Shigella (Enterobacteriaceae). Conclusion Bacillus coagulans TL3 regulates the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB and Nrf2 signaling pathways in the cecal tissue of rats, protects the intestine from inflammation and oxidative damage caused by LPS, and inhibits the reproduction of harmful bacteria and promotes beneficial effects by regulating the intestinal flora bacteria grow, thereby enhancing intestinal immunity.
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Huo J, Wu Z, Sun W, Wang Z, Wu J, Huang M, Wang B, Sun B. Protective Effects of Natural Polysaccharides on Intestinal Barrier Injury: A Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:711-735. [PMID: 35078319 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Owing to their minimal side effects and effective protection from oxidative stress, inflammation, and malignant growth, natural polysaccharides (NPs) are a potential adjuvant therapy for several diseases caused by intestinal barrier injury (IBI). More studies are accumulating on the protective effects of NPs with respect to IBI, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Thus, this review aims to represent current studies that investigate the protective effects of NPs on IBI by directly maintaining intestinal epithelial barrier integrity (inhibiting oxidative stress, regulating inflammatory cytokine expression, and increasing tight junction protein expression) and indirectly regulating intestinal immunity and microbiota. Furthermore, the mechanisms underlying IBI development are briefly introduced, and the structure-activity relationships of polysaccharides with intestinal barrier protection effects are discussed. Potential developments and challenges associated with NPs exhibiting protective effects against IBI have also been highlighted to guide the application of NPs in the treatment of intestinal diseases caused by IBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Huo
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Weizheng Sun
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Wang
- Center for Mitochondria and Healthy Aging, College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, People's Republic of China
| | - Jihong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingquan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoguo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
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Ali M, Falkenhain K, Njiru BN, Murtaza-Ali M, Ruiz-Uribe NE, Haft-Javaherian M, Catchers S, Nishimura N, Schaffer CB, Bracko O. VEGF signalling causes stalls in brain capillaries and reduces cerebral blood flow in Alzheimer's mice. Brain 2022; 145:1449-1463. [PMID: 35048960 PMCID: PMC9150081 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased incidence of stalled capillary blood flow caused by adhesion of
leucocytes to the brain microvascular endothelium leads to a 17%
reduction of cerebral blood flow and exacerbates short-term memory loss in
multiple mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease. Here, we report that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signalling at the
luminal side of the brain microvasculature plays an integral role in the
capillary stalling phenomenon of the APP/PS1 mouse model. Administration of the anti-mouse VEGF-A164 antibody, an isoform that inhibits
blood–brain barrier hyperpermeability, reduced the number of stalled
capillaries within an hour of injection, leading to an immediate increase in
average capillary blood flow but not capillary diameter. VEGF-A inhibition also
reduced the overall endothelial nitric oxide synthase protein concentrations,
increased occludin levels and decreased the penetration of circulating Evans
Blue dye across the blood–brain barrier into the brain parenchyma,
suggesting increased blood–brain barrier integrity. Capillaries prone to
neutrophil adhesion after anti-VEGF-A treatment also had lower occludin
concentrations than flowing capillaries. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that VEGF-A signalling in APP/PS1 mice
contributes to aberrant endothelial nitric oxide synthase /occludin-associated
blood–brain barrier permeability, increases the incidence of capillary
stalls, and leads to reductions in cerebral blood flow. Reducing leucocyte
adhesion by inhibiting luminal VEGF signalling may provide a novel and
well-tolerated strategy for improving brain microvascular blood flow in
Alzheimer’s disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ali
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA, 148532
| | - Kaja Falkenhain
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA, 148532
| | - Brendah N Njiru
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA, 148532
| | - Muhammad Murtaza-Ali
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA, 148532
| | - Nancy E Ruiz-Uribe
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA, 148532
| | | | | | - Nozomi Nishimura
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA, 148532
| | - Chris B Schaffer
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA, 148532
| | - Oliver Bracko
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA, 148532
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Claudins and Gastric Cancer: An Overview. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14020290. [PMID: 35053454 PMCID: PMC8773541 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14020290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers and the third leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, with a high frequency of recurrence and metastasis, and a poor prognosis. This review presents novel biological and clinical significance of claudin (CLDN) expression in GC, especially CLDN18, and clinical trials centered around CLDN18.2. It also presents new findings for other CLDNs. Abstract Despite recent improvements in diagnostic ability and treatment strategies, advanced gastric cancer (GC) has a high frequency of recurrence and metastasis, with poor prognosis. To improve the treatment results of GC, the search for new treatment targets from proteins related to epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cell–cell adhesion is currently being conducted. EMT plays an important role in cancer metastasis and is initiated by the loss of cell–cell adhesion, such as tight junctions (TJs), adherens junctions, desmosomes, and gap junctions. Among these, claudins (CLDNs) are highly expressed in some cancers, including GC. Abnormal expression of CLDN1, CLDN2, CLDN3, CLDN4, CLDN6, CLDN7, CLDN10, CLDN11, CLDN14, CLDN17, CLDN18, and CLDN23 have been reported. Among these, CLDN18 is of particular interest. In The Cancer Genome Atlas, GC was classified into four new molecular subtypes, and CLDN18–ARHGAP fusion was observed in the genomically stable type. An anti-CLDN18.2 antibody drug was recently developed as a therapeutic drug for GC, and the results of clinical trials are highly predictable. Thus, CLDNs are highly expressed in GC as TJs and are expected targets for new antibody drugs. Herein, we review the literature on CLDNs, focusing on CLDN18 in GC.
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Panou DA, Diedrichsen RG, Kristensen M, Nielsen HM. Cell-Penetrating Peptides as Carriers for Transepithelial Drug Delivery. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2383:371-384. [PMID: 34766302 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1752-6_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This chapter describes the use of cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) as carriers for transepithelial delivery of therapeutic peptides. Assessment of transepithelial peptide permeation and the mechanisms of action that permeability enhancing drug carriers exert on the epithelium requires subtle sample preparation and analysis by orthogonal methods. Here, the preparation and use of CPP-insulin physical mixture samples including the quantification of insulin by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is described. In addition, effects of CPPs on the epithelium and its barrier properties immediately upon exposure and after a recovery period are evaluated by epithelial cell viability, transepithelial electrical resistance, immunostaining of the tight junction associated zonula occludens (ZO-1) protein, and actin cytoskeleton staining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danai Anastasia Panou
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals and Biobarriers in Drug Delivery, Drug Delivery and Biophysics of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ragna Guldsmed Diedrichsen
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals and Biobarriers in Drug Delivery, Drug Delivery and Biophysics of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mie Kristensen
- CNS Drug Delivery & Barrier Modelling, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne Mørck Nielsen
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals and Biobarriers in Drug Delivery, Drug Delivery and Biophysics of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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ZHANG X, Li Y, Zhang C, Chi H, Liu C, Li A, Yu W. Postbiotics derived from Lactobacillus plantarum 1.0386 Ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced tight junction injury via MicroRNA-200c-3p Mediated Activation of MLCK-MLC Pathway in Caco-2 Cells. Food Funct 2022; 13:11008-11020. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00001f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
L. plantarum 1.0386 could repair the intestinal epithelial tight junction injury, and the present study was designed to further explore the role of its postbiotics, including surface protein (1.0386-Slp), peptidase...
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83
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The blood-brain barrier in aging and neurodegeneration. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:2659-2673. [PMID: 35361905 PMCID: PMC9156404 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01511-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is vital for maintaining brain homeostasis by enabling an exquisite control of exchange of compounds between the blood and the brain parenchyma. Moreover, the BBB prevents unwanted toxins and pathogens from entering the brain. This barrier, however, breaks down with age and further disruption is a hallmark of many age-related disorders. Several drugs have been explored, thus far, to protect or restore BBB function. With the recent connection between the BBB and gut microbiota, microbial-derived metabolites have been explored for their capabilities to protect and restore BBB physiology. This review, will focus on the vital components that make up the BBB, dissect levels of disruption of the barrier, and discuss current drugs and therapeutics that maintain barrier integrity and the recent discoveries of effects microbial-derived metabolites have on BBB physiology.
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84
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Han F, Yang B, Zhou M, Huang Q, Mai M, Huang Z, Lai M, Xu E, Zhang H. OUP accepted manuscript. J Mol Cell Biol 2022; 14:6537407. [PMID: 35218185 PMCID: PMC9188103 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjac009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing (AS) and transcription elongation are vital biological processes, and their dysregulation causes multiple diseases, including tumors. However, the coregulatory mechanism of AS and transcription elongation in tumors remains unclear. This study demonstrates a novel AS pattern of tight junction protein 1 (ZO1) regulated by the RNA polymerase II elongation rate in colorectal cancer (CRC). Glioma tumor suppressor candidate region gene 1 (GLTSCR1) decreases the transcription elongation rate of ZO1 to provide a time window for binding of the splicing factor HuR to the specific motif in intron 22 of ZO1 and spliceosome recognition of the weak 3′ and 5′ splice sites in exon 23 to promote exon 23 inclusion. Since exon 23 inclusion in ZO1 suppresses migration and invasion of CRC cells, our findings suggest a novel potential therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Qiong Huang
- Department of Pathology and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Research Unit of Intelligence Classification of Tumor Pathology and Precision Therapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU042), Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Minglang Mai
- Department of Pathology and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Research Unit of Intelligence Classification of Tumor Pathology and Precision Therapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU042), Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhaohui Huang
- Cancer Epigenetics Program, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Maode Lai
- Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Enping Xu
- Correspondence to: Enping Xu, E-mail:
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Hu Y, Xie X, Yang L, Wang A. A Comprehensive View on the Host Factors and Viral Proteins Associated With Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Infection. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:762358. [PMID: 34950116 PMCID: PMC8688245 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.762358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), a coronavirus pathogen of the pig intestinal tract, can cause fatal watery diarrhea in piglets, thereby causing huge economic losses to swine industries around the world. The pathogenesis of PEDV has intensively been studied; however, the viral proteins of PEDV and the host factors in target cells, as well as their interactions, which are the foundation of the molecular mechanisms of viral infection, remain to be summarized and updated. PEDV has multiple important structural and functional proteins, which play various roles in the process of virus infection. Among them, the S and N proteins play vital roles in biological processes related to PEDV survival via interacting with the host cell proteins. Meanwhile, a number of host factors including receptors are required for the infection of PEDV via interacting with the viral proteins, thereby affecting the reproduction of PEDV and contributing to its life cycle. In this review, we provide an updated understanding of viral proteins and host factors, as well as their interactions in terms of PEDV infection. Additionally, the effects of cellular factors, events, and signaling pathways on PEDV infection are also discussed. Thus, these comprehensive and profound insights should facilitate for the further investigations, control, and prevention of PEDV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hu
- Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention and Control and Animal Model, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Engineering in Animal Vaccines, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaohong Xie
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Lingchen Yang
- Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention and Control and Animal Model, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Engineering in Animal Vaccines, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Aibing Wang
- Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention and Control and Animal Model, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Engineering in Animal Vaccines, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.,PCB Biotechnology, LLC, Rockville, MD, United States
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Ni DQ, Ma DD, Hao SL, Yang WX, Kovacs T, Tan FQ. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles perturb the blood-testis barrier via disruption of actin-based cell adhesive function. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:25440-25452. [PMID: 34904960 PMCID: PMC8714145 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most commonly used nanoparticles, titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) are widely used as coating reagents in cosmetics, medicine and other industries. The increasing risk of exposure to TiO2-NPs raises concerns about their safety. In this study, we investigated the mechanism by which TiO2-NPs cross the blood-testis barrier (BTB). TM-4 cells were selected as an in vitro Sertoli cell model of BTB. Cell viability, cell morphological changes, apoptosis, oxidative damage, and the expression levels of actin regulatory and tight junction (TJ) proteins were assessed in TM-4 cells treated with 3-nm and 24-nm TiO2-NPs. Cells treated with 3-nm TiO2-NPs exhibited increased cytotoxicity and decreased Annexin II expression, whereas cells treated with 24-nm TiO2-NPs exhibited increased Arp 3 and c-Src expression. Both TiO2-NPs induced significant oxidative stress, decreased the expression of TJ proteins (occludin, ZO-1 and claudin 5), damaged the TJ structure, and exhibited enlarged gaps between TM-4 cells. Our results indicated that both TiO2-NPs crossed the BTB by disrupting actin-based adhesive junctions of TM-4 cells; however, apoptosis was not observed. Our results provide new insights into how TiO2-NPs cross the BTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Qi Ni
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dan-Dan Ma
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuang-Li Hao
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wan-Xi Yang
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tamas Kovacs
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecens, Debrecen 4032, Hungary
| | - Fu-Qing Tan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China
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87
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Wang LM, Wang YT, Yang WX. Engineered nanomaterials induce alterations in biological barriers: focus on paracellular permeability. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 16:2725-2741. [PMID: 34870452 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) are widely used in medical diagnosis and treatment, as food additives and as energy materials. ENPs may exert adverse or beneficial effects on the human body, which may be linked to interactions with biological barriers. In this review, the authors summarize the influences of four typical metal/metal oxide nanomaterials (Ag, TiO2, Au, ZnO nanoparticles) on the paracellular permeability of biological barriers. Disruptions on tight junctions, adhesion junctions, gap junctions and desmosomes via complex signaling pathways, such as the MAPK, PKC and ROCK signaling pathways, affect paracellular permeability. Reactive oxygen species and cytokines underlie the mechanism of ENP-triggered alterations in paracellular permeability. This review provides the information necessary for the cautious application of nanoparticles in medicine and life sciences in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Min Wang
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Yu-Ting Wang
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Wan-Xi Yang
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
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88
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Baggio CH, Shang J, Gordon MH, Stephens M, von der Weid PY, Nascimento AM, Román Y, Cipriani TR, MacNaughton WK. The dietary fibre rhamnogalacturonan improves intestinal epithelial barrier function in a microbiota-independent manner. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:337-352. [PMID: 34784647 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Dietary fibre comprises a complex group of polysaccharides that are indigestible but are fermented by gut microbiota, promoting beneficial effects to the intestinal mucosa indirectly through the production of short chain fatty acids. We found that a polysaccharide, rhamnogalacturonan (RGal), from the plant Acmella oleracea, has direct effects on intestinal epithelial barrier function. Our objective was to determine the mechanism whereby RGal enhances epithelial barrier function. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Monolayers of colonic epithelial cell lines (Caco-2, T84) and of human primary cells from organoids were mounted in Ussing chambers to assess barrier function. The cellular mechanism of RGal effects on barrier function was determined using inhibitors of TLR-4 and PKC isoforms. KEY RESULTS Apically applied RGal (1000 μg/ml) significantly enhanced barrier function as shown by increased transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) and reduced fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran flux in Caco-2, T84 and human primary cell monolayers, and accelerated tight junction reassembly in Caco-2 cells in a calcium switch assay. RGal also reversed the barrier-damaging effects of inflammatory cytokines on FITC-dextran flux and preserved the tight junction distribution of occludin. RGal activated TLR4 in TLR4-expressing HEK reporter cells, an effect that was significantly inhibited by the TLR4 inhibitor, C34. The effect of RGal was also dependent on PKC, specifically the isoforms PKCd and PKCζ. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS RGal enhances intestinal epithelial barrier function through activation of TLR4 and PKC signaling pathways. Elucidation of RGal mechanisms of action could lead to new, dietary approaches to enhance mucosal healing in inflammatory bowel diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane H Baggio
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Judie Shang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Marilyn H Gordon
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Matthew Stephens
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Adamara M Nascimento
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco, AC, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Yony Román
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Thales R Cipriani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Wallace K MacNaughton
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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89
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Li M, Wang Z, Qiu Y, Fu S, Xu Y, Han X, Phouthapane V, Miao J. Taurine protects blood-milk barrier integrity via limiting inflammatory response in Streptococcus uberis infections. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108371. [PMID: 34789427 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus uberis (S. uberis) is an important causative agent of mastitis, leading to significant economic losses to dairy industry. This research used a mouse mastitis model to investigate the protective effects of taurine on mammary inflammatory response and blood-milk barrier integrity in S. uberis challenge. The results showed that taurine attenuated S. uberis-induced mammary histopathological changes, especially neutrophil infiltration. The S. uberis-induced expression of pro-inflammatory mediators were decreased significantly by taurine. Further, we demonstrated that taurine limited the S. uberis-induced inflammatory responses via inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Inflammation usually disrupts the mammary barrier system. The recovery of claudin-3 and occludin expressions indicated that attenuation of inflammatory response by taurine can protect the integrity of blood-milk barrier in S. uberis infection. Taken together, our results reveal that the development of taurine as an effective prevention and control strategy for S. uberis-induced mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhenglei Wang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yawei Qiu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shaodong Fu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiangan Han
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Vanhnaseng Phouthapane
- Department of Livestock and Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Vientiane, Laos
| | - Jinfeng Miao
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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90
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CCL4 induces inflammatory signalling and barrier disruption in the neurovascular endothelium. Brain Behav Immun Health 2021; 18:100370. [PMID: 34755124 PMCID: PMC8560974 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background During neuroinflammation many chemokines alter the function of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) that regulates the entry of macromolecules and immune cells into the brain. As the milieu of the brain is altered, biochemical and structural changes contribute to the pathogenesis of neuroinflammation and may impact on neurogenesis. The chemokine CCL4, previously known as MIP-1β, is upregulated in a wide variety of central nervous system disorders, including multiple sclerosis, where it is thought to play a key role in the neuroinflammatory process. However, the effect of CCL4 on BBB endothelial cells (ECs) is unknown. Materials and methods Expression and distribution of CCR5, phosphorylated p38, F-actin, zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) were analysed in the human BBB EC line hCMEC/D3 by Western blot and/or immunofluorescence in the presence and absence of CCL4. Barrier modulation in response to CCL4 using hCMEC/D3 monolayers was assessed by measuring molecular flux of 70 kDa RITC-dextran and transendothelial lymphocyte migration. Permeability changes in response to CCL4 in vivo were measured by an occlusion technique in pial microvessels of Wistar rats and by fluorescein angiography in mouse retinae. Results CCR5, the receptor for CCL4, was expressed in hCMEC/D3 cells. CCL4 stimulation led to phosphorylation of p38 and the formation of actin stress fibres, both indicative of intracellular chemokine signalling. The distribution of junctional proteins was also altered in response to CCL4: junctional ZO-1 was reduced by circa 60% within 60 min. In addition, surface VE-cadherin was redistributed through internalisation. Consistent with these changes, CCL4 induced hyperpermeability in vitro and in vivo and increased transmigration of lymphocytes across monolayers of hCMEC/D3 cells. Conclusion These results show that CCL4 can modify BBB function and may contribute to disease pathogenesis. The chemokine CCL4 induced phosphorylation of P38 in an in vitro model of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). CCL4 treatment resulted in reduction of plasma membrane VE-cadherin and junctional ZO-1. CCL4 induced neurovascular barrier breakdown in vitro and in vivo.
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91
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Sassi A, Wang Y, Chassot A, Roth I, Ramakrishnan S, Olivier V, Staub O, Udwan K, Feraille E. Expression of claudin-8 is induced by aldosterone in renal collecting duct principal cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 321:F645-F655. [PMID: 34605273 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00207.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Fine tuning of Na+ reabsorption takes place along the aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron, which includes the collecting duct (CD), where it is mainly regulated by aldosterone. In the CD, Na+ reabsorption is mediated by the epithelial Na+ channel and Na+ pump (Na+-K+-ATPase). Paracellular ion permeability is mainly dependent on tight junction permeability. Claudin-8 is one of the main tight junction proteins expressed along the aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron. We have previously shown a coupling between transcellular Na+ reabsorption and paracellular Na+ barrier. We hypothesized that aldosterone controls the expression levels of both transcellular Na+ transporters and paracellular claudin-8 in a coordinated manner. Here, we show that aldosterone increased mRNA and protein levels as well as lateral membrane localization of claudin-8 in cultured CD principal cells. The increase in claudin-8 mRNA levels in response to aldosterone was prevented by preincubation with 17-hydroxyprogesterone, a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, and by inhibition of transcription with actinomycin D. We also showed that a low-salt diet, which stimulated aldosterone secretion, was associated with increased claudin-8 abundance in the mouse kidney. Reciprocally, mice subjected to a high-salt diet, which inhibits aldosterone secretion, or treated with spironolactone, a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, displayed decreased claudin-8 expression. Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3, Lyn, and Abl signaling pathways prevented the effect of aldosterone on claudin-8 mRNA and protein abundance, suggesting that signaling of protein kinases plays a permissive role on the transcriptional activity of the mineralocorticoid receptor. This study shows that signaling via multiple protein kinases working in concert mediates aldosterone-induced claudin-8 expression in the CD.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In this study, we showed that aldosterone modulates claudin-8 expression in cultured collecting duct principal cells and in the mouse kidney. The upregulation of claudin-8 expression in response to aldosterone is dependent on at least glycogen synthase kinase-3, Lyn, and Abl signaling pathways, indicating the participation of multiple protein kinases to the effect of aldosterone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Sassi
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,National Center of Competence in Research "Kidney.ch," Switzerland
| | - Yubao Wang
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,National Center of Competence in Research "Kidney.ch," Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Chassot
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,National Center of Competence in Research "Kidney.ch," Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Roth
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Suresh Ramakrishnan
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,National Center of Competence in Research "Kidney.ch," Switzerland
| | - Valérie Olivier
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,National Center of Competence in Research "Kidney.ch," Switzerland
| | - Olivier Staub
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Khalil Udwan
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Eric Feraille
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,National Center of Competence in Research "Kidney.ch," Switzerland
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92
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He S, Li H, Yu Z, Zhang F, Liang S, Liu H, Chen H, Lü M. The Gut Microbiome and Sex Hormone-Related Diseases. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:711137. [PMID: 34650525 PMCID: PMC8506209 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.711137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the gut microbiome has been a hot topic in recent years. One aim of this review is to shed light on the crosstalk between sex hormones and the gut microbiome. Researchers have observed a sex bias of the composition of the gut microbiome in mice and have proved that sex differences influence the composition of the gut microbiome, although the influence is usually obscured by genetic variations. Via cell studies, animal studies and some observational studies in humans, researchers have confirmed that the gut microbiome can be shaped by the hormonal environment. On other hand, some theories suggest that the gut microbiota regulates the levels of sex hormones via interactions among its metabolites, the immune system, chronic inflammation and some nerve-endocrine axes, such as the gut-brain axis. In addition, bidirectional interactions between the microbiome and the hormonal system have also been observed, and the mechanisms of these interactions are being explored. We further describe the role of the gut microbiome in sex hormone-related diseases, such as ovarian cancer, postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP), polycystic ovary syndrome and type 1 diabetes. Among these diseases, PMOP is described in detail. Finally, we discuss the treatments of these diseases and the application prospects of microbial intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song He
- The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hao Li
- The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zehui Yu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Faming Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sicheng Liang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hang Liu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Chen
- The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - MuHan Lü
- The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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93
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Panwar S, Sharma S, Tripathi P. Role of Barrier Integrity and Dysfunctions in Maintaining the Healthy Gut and Their Health Outcomes. Front Physiol 2021; 12:715611. [PMID: 34630140 PMCID: PMC8497706 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.715611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucosal surface layers are the critical borders throughout epithelial membranes. These epithelial cells segregate luminal material from external environments. However, mucosal linings are also accountable for absorbing nutrients and requiring specific barrier permeability. These functional acts positioned the mucosal epithelium at the epicenter of communications concerning the mucosal immune coordination and foreign materials, such as dietary antigens and microbial metabolites. Current innovations have revealed that external stimuli can trigger several mechanisms regulated by intestinal mucosal barrier system. Crucial constituents of this epithelial boundary are physical intercellular structures known as tight junctions (TJs). TJs are composed of different types transmembrane proteins linked with cytoplasmic adaptors which helps in attachment to the adjacent cells. Disruption of this barrier has direct influence on healthy or diseased condition, as barrier dysfunctions have been interrelated with the initiation of inflammation, and pathogenic effects following metabolic complications. In this review we focus and overview the TJs structure, function and the diseases which are able to influence TJs during onset of disease. We also highlighted and discuss the role of phytochemicals evidenced to enhance the membrane permeability and integrity through restoring TJs levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Panwar
- Infection and Immunology, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, National Capital Region (NCR) Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Sapna Sharma
- Gene Regulation Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabhanshu Tripathi
- Food Drug and Chemical Toxicology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
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94
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Toth AE, Helms HC, Harazin A, Johnsen KB, Goldeman C, Burkhart A, Thomsen MS, Kempen PJ, Klepe A, Lipka DV, Møller PL, Andresen TL, Nyegaard M, Moos T, Brodin B, Nielsen MS. Sortilin regulates blood-brain barrier integrity. FEBS J 2021; 289:1062-1079. [PMID: 34626084 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Brain homeostasis depends on the existence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Despite decades of research, the factors and signalling pathways for modulating and maintaining BBB integrity are not fully elucidated. Here, we characterise the expression and function of the multifunctional receptor, sortilin, in the cells of the BBB, in vivo and in vitro. We show that sortilin acts as an important regulatory protein of the BBB's tightness. In rats lacking sortilin, the BBB was leaky, which correlated well with relocated distribution of the localisation of zonula occludens-1, VE-cadherin and β-catenin junctional proteins. Furthermore, the absence of sortilin in brain endothelial cells resulted in decreased phosphorylation of Akt signalling protein and increased the level of phospho-ERK1/2. As a putative result of MAPK/ERK pathway activity, the junctions between the brain endothelial cells were disintegrated and the integrity of the BBB became compromised. The identified barrier differences between wild-type and Sort1-/- brain endothelial cells can pave the way for a better understanding of sortilin's role in the healthy and diseased BBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea E Toth
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Denmark.,Lundbeck Foundation Research Initiative on Brain Barriers and Drug Delivery, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hans C Helms
- Lundbeck Foundation Research Initiative on Brain Barriers and Drug Delivery, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andras Harazin
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Kasper B Johnsen
- Lundbeck Foundation Research Initiative on Brain Barriers and Drug Delivery, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Health Technology, Section for Biotherapeutic Engineering and Drug Targeting, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Goldeman
- Lundbeck Foundation Research Initiative on Brain Barriers and Drug Delivery, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Annette Burkhart
- Lundbeck Foundation Research Initiative on Brain Barriers and Drug Delivery, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Laboratory of Neurobiology, Biomedicine Group, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Denmark
| | - Maj S Thomsen
- Lundbeck Foundation Research Initiative on Brain Barriers and Drug Delivery, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Laboratory of Neurobiology, Biomedicine Group, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Denmark
| | - Paul J Kempen
- Lundbeck Foundation Research Initiative on Brain Barriers and Drug Delivery, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Health Technology, Section for Biotherapeutic Engineering and Drug Targeting, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Adrián Klepe
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Dora V Lipka
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Peter L Møller
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Thomas L Andresen
- Lundbeck Foundation Research Initiative on Brain Barriers and Drug Delivery, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Health Technology, Section for Biotherapeutic Engineering and Drug Targeting, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mette Nyegaard
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Torben Moos
- Lundbeck Foundation Research Initiative on Brain Barriers and Drug Delivery, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Laboratory of Neurobiology, Biomedicine Group, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Denmark
| | - Birger Brodin
- Lundbeck Foundation Research Initiative on Brain Barriers and Drug Delivery, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten S Nielsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Denmark.,Lundbeck Foundation Research Initiative on Brain Barriers and Drug Delivery, Copenhagen, Denmark
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95
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Tugizov S. Virus-associated disruption of mucosal epithelial tight junctions and its role in viral transmission and spread. Tissue Barriers 2021; 9:1943274. [PMID: 34241579 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2021.19432749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Oropharyngeal, airway, intestinal, and genital mucosal epithelia are the main portals of entry for the majority of human pathogenic viruses. To initiate systemic infection, viruses must first be transmitted across the mucosal epithelium and then spread across the body. However, mucosal epithelia have well-developed tight junctions, which have a strong barrier function that plays a critical role in preventing the spread and dissemination of viral pathogens. Viruses can overcome these barriers by disrupting the tight junctions of mucosal epithelia, which facilitate paracellular viral penetration and initiate systemic disease. Disruption of tight and adherens junctions may also release the sequestered viral receptors within the junctional areas, and liberation of hidden receptors may facilitate viral infection of mucosal epithelia. This review focuses on possible molecular mechanisms of virus-associated disruption of mucosal epithelial junctions and its role in transmucosal viral transmission and spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharof Tugizov
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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96
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Tugizov S. Virus-associated disruption of mucosal epithelial tight junctions and its role in viral transmission and spread. Tissue Barriers 2021; 9:1943274. [PMID: 34241579 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2021.1943274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Oropharyngeal, airway, intestinal, and genital mucosal epithelia are the main portals of entry for the majority of human pathogenic viruses. To initiate systemic infection, viruses must first be transmitted across the mucosal epithelium and then spread across the body. However, mucosal epithelia have well-developed tight junctions, which have a strong barrier function that plays a critical role in preventing the spread and dissemination of viral pathogens. Viruses can overcome these barriers by disrupting the tight junctions of mucosal epithelia, which facilitate paracellular viral penetration and initiate systemic disease. Disruption of tight and adherens junctions may also release the sequestered viral receptors within the junctional areas, and liberation of hidden receptors may facilitate viral infection of mucosal epithelia. This review focuses on possible molecular mechanisms of virus-associated disruption of mucosal epithelial junctions and its role in transmucosal viral transmission and spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharof Tugizov
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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97
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Skamrahl M, Pang H, Ferle M, Gottwald J, Rübeling A, Maraspini R, Honigmann A, Oswald TA, Janshoff A. Tight Junction ZO Proteins Maintain Tissue Fluidity, Ensuring Efficient Collective Cell Migration. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2100478. [PMID: 34382375 PMCID: PMC8498871 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202100478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Tight junctions (TJs) are essential components of epithelial tissues connecting neighboring cells to provide protective barriers. While their general function to seal compartments is well understood, their role in collective cell migration is largely unexplored. Here, the importance of the TJ zonula occludens (ZO) proteins ZO1 and ZO2 for epithelial migration is investigated employing video microscopy in conjunction with velocimetry, segmentation, cell tracking, and atomic force microscopy/spectroscopy. The results indicate that ZO proteins are necessary for fast and coherent migration. In particular, ZO1 and 2 loss (dKD) induces actomyosin remodeling away from the central cortex towards the periphery of individual cells, resulting in altered viscoelastic properties. A tug-of-war emerges between two subpopulations of cells with distinct morphological and mechanical properties: 1) smaller and highly contractile cells with an outward bulging apical membrane, and 2) larger, flattened cells, which, due to tensile stress, display a higher proliferation rate. In response, the cell density increases, leading to crowding-induced jamming and more small cells over time. Co-cultures comprising wildtype and dKD cells migrate inefficiently due to phase separation based on differences in contractility rather than differential adhesion. This study shows that ZO proteins are necessary for efficient collective cell migration by maintaining tissue fluidity and controlling proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Skamrahl
- Institute of Physical ChemistryUniversity of GöttingenTammannstr. 6Göttingen37077Germany
| | - Hongtao Pang
- Institute of Physical ChemistryUniversity of GöttingenTammannstr. 6Göttingen37077Germany
| | - Maximilian Ferle
- Institute of Physical ChemistryUniversity of GöttingenTammannstr. 6Göttingen37077Germany
| | - Jannis Gottwald
- Institute of Physical ChemistryUniversity of GöttingenTammannstr. 6Göttingen37077Germany
| | - Angela Rübeling
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular ChemistryUniversity of GöttingenTammannstr. 2Göttingen37077Germany
| | - Riccardo Maraspini
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsPfotenhauerstraße 108Dresden01307Germany
| | - Alf Honigmann
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsPfotenhauerstraße 108Dresden01307Germany
| | - Tabea A. Oswald
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular ChemistryUniversity of GöttingenTammannstr. 2Göttingen37077Germany
| | - Andreas Janshoff
- Institute of Physical ChemistryUniversity of GöttingenTammannstr. 6Göttingen37077Germany
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98
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Figueroa-Lozano S, Akkerman R, Beukema M, van Leeuwen SS, Dijkhuizen L, de Vos P. 2′-Fucosyllactose impacts the expression of mucus-related genes in goblet cells and maintains barrier function of gut epithelial cells. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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99
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Yin X, Wu Y, Zhang S, Zhang T, Zhang G, Wang J. Transcriptomic profile of leg muscle during early growth and development in Haiyang yellow chicken. Arch Anim Breed 2021; 64:405-416. [PMID: 34584942 PMCID: PMC8461557 DOI: 10.5194/aab-64-405-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle growth and development from embryo to
adult consists of a series of carefully regulated changes in gene
expression. This study aimed to identify candidate genes involved in chicken
growth and development and to investigate the potential regulatory
mechanisms of early growth in Haiyang yellow chicken. RNA sequencing was
used to compare the transcriptomes of chicken muscle tissues at four
developmental stages. In total, 6150 differentially expressed genes (DEGs)
(|fold change| ≥ 2; false discovery rate (FDR) ≤ 0.05) were detected by
pairwise comparison in female chickens. Functional analysis showed that the
DEGs were mainly involved in the processes of muscle growth and development
and cell differentiation. Many of the DEGs, such as MSTN,
MYOD1, MYF6, MYF5, and IGF1, were
related to chicken growth and development. The Kyoto
Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that
the DEGs were significantly enriched in four pathways related to growth and
development: extracellular matrix
(ECM)–receptor interaction, focal adhesion, tight junction, and
insulin signalling pathways. A total of 42 DEGs assigned to these pathways
are potential candidate genes for inducing the differences in growth among
the four development stages, such as MYH1A, EGF, MYLK2,
MYLK4, and LAMB3. This study identified a
range of genes and several pathways that may be involved in regulating early
growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Yin
- School of Marine and Bioengineering, YanCheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China
| | - Yulin Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Genxi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jinyu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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100
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Kramer Z, Kenessey I, Gángó A, Lendvai G, Kulka J, Tőkés AM. Cell polarity and cell adhesion associated gene expression differences between invasive micropapillary and no special type breast carcinomas and their prognostic significance. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18484. [PMID: 34531452 PMCID: PMC8446082 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97347-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast (IMPC) has been in the focus of several studies given its specific histology and clinicopathological course. We analysed mRNA expression profiles and the prognostic value of 43 genes involved in cell polarity, cell-adhesion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in IMPC tumors and compared them to invasive breast carcinomas of no special type (IBC-NST). IMPCs (36 cases), IBC-NSTs (36 cases) and mixed IMPC-IBC NSTs (8 cases) were investigated. mRNA expression level of selected genes were analysed using the NanoString nCounter Analysis System. Distant metastases free survival (DMFS) intervals were determined. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 13.5 software. Twelve genes showed significantly different expression in the IMPC group. There was no difference in DMFS according to histological type (IBC-NST vs. IMPC). High CLDN3, PALS1 and low PAR6 expression levels in the entire cohort were associated with shorter DMFS, and PALS1 was proven to be grade independent prognostic factor. Positive lymph node status was associated with higher levels of AKT1 expression. Differences in gene expression in IMPC versus IBC-NST may contribute to the unique histological appearance of IMPCs. No marked differences were observed in DMFS of the two groups. Altered gene expression in the mTOR signaling pathway in both tumor subtypes highlights the potential benefit from AKT/mTOR inhibitors in IMPCs similarly to IBC-NSTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsófia Kramer
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 93, Budapest, 1091, Hungary
| | - István Kenessey
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 93, Budapest, 1091, Hungary
| | - Ambrus Gángó
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 26, Budapest, 1085, Hungary
| | - Gábor Lendvai
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 93, Budapest, 1091, Hungary
| | - Janina Kulka
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 93, Budapest, 1091, Hungary.
| | - Anna-Mária Tőkés
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 93, Budapest, 1091, Hungary
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