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Dutton M, Boyes A, Can AT, Mohamed AZ, Hajishafiee M, Shan ZY, Lagopoulos J, Hermens DF. Hippocampal subfield volumes predict treatment response to oral ketamine in people with suicidality. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 169:192-200. [PMID: 38042058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Ongoing stress results in hippocampal neuro-structural alterations which produce pathological consequences, including depression and suicidality. Ketamine may ameliorate stress related illnesses, including suicidality, via neuroplasticity processes. This novel study sought to determine whether oral ketamine treatment specifically affects hippocampal (whole and subfield) volumes in patients with chronic suicidality and MDD. It was hypothesised that oral ketamine treatment would differentially alter hippocampal volumes in trial participants categorised as ketamine responders, versus those who were non-responders. Twenty-eight participants received 6 single, weekly doses of oral ketamine (0.5-3 mg/kg) and underwent MRI scans at pre-ketamine (week 0), post-ketamine (week 6), and follow up (week 10). Hippocampal subfield volumes were extracted using the longitudinal pipeline in FreeSurfer. Participants were grouped according to ketamine response status and then compared in terms of grey matter volume (GMV) changes, among 10 hippocampal regions, over 6 and 10 weeks. Mixed ANOVAs were used to analyse interactions between time and group. Post treatment analysis revealed a significant main effect of group for three left hippocampal GMVs as well in the left and right whole hippocampus. Ketamine acute responders (Week 6) showed increased GMVs in both left and right whole hippocampus and in three subfields compared to acute non-responders, across all three timepoints, suggesting that pre-treatment increased hippocampal GMVs (particularly left hemisphere) may be predictive biomarkers of acute treatment response. Future studies should further investigate the potential of hippocampal volumes as a biomarker of ketamine treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Dutton
- Thompson Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Amanda Boyes
- Thompson Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Adem T Can
- Thompson Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Abdalla Z Mohamed
- Thompson Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Maryam Hajishafiee
- Thompson Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Zack Y Shan
- Thompson Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jim Lagopoulos
- Thompson Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Daniel F Hermens
- Thompson Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia
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Li Y, Li J, Yang L, Ren F, Dong K, Zhao Z, Duan W, Wei W, Guo R. Ginsenoside Rb1 protects hippocampal neurons in depressed rats based on mitophagy-regulated astrocytic pyroptosis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 121:155083. [PMID: 37722244 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Astrocytes play a vital role in offering functional support for neurons, which are related to the pathogenic mechanism of depression. Ginsenoside Rb1 (GRb1) is demonstrated with antidepressant-like activities. PURPOSE We aimed to investigate whether GRb1 can inhibit mitophagy-mediated astrocytic pyroptosis to protect neurons in depression. STUDY DESIGN Model rats were subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) for determining the in vivo antidepressant activity of GRb1. METHODS The mitophagy-mediated antipyroptosis role of GRb1 was assessed in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) + ATP-stimulated astrocytes. The mechanism by which GRb1 protects synaptic plasticity was investigated using hippocampal neurons incubated in an astrocyte medium. The rat depressive-like behaviors were determined through sucrose preference, forced swimming, and the open-field tests. Escitalopram was used in the anti-depression control of GRb1. Cyclosporin A (CsA), a mitophagy inhibitor, and interleukin (IL)-1β were used to reverse the role of GRb1 in mitophagy and pyroptosis, respectively. RESULTS GRb1 inhibited LPS-induced inflammation and activation in the astrocytes and repressed nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathway. Also, GRb1 repressed LPS + ATP-promoted astrocytic pyroptosis. During GRb1 treatment, the activation of mitophagy with a decrease in ROS was observed in LPS + ATPs-stimulated astrocytes. CsA enhanced GRb1-decreased ROS and promoted astrocytic pyroptosis. The GRb1-treated astrocyte medium suppressed neuron death and increased neuron viability and synaptic density. Escitalopram and GRb1 improved the depressive-like behaviors of the rats. GRb1 activated mitophagy and inhibited astrocytic activation and pyroptosis in rats with depression. It also reduced impairments in synaptic structures and increased synaptic density in depressive-like rats. IL-1β increased astrocytic pyroptosis and reversed GRb1-enhanced synaptic plasticity in the rats exposed to CUMS. There were no statistical changes in depressive-like behaviors between GRb1 and Escitalopram groups. CONCLUSION GRb1 modulates mitophagy and the NF-κB pathway to inhibit astrocytic pyroptosis, thereby maintaining neurological homeostasis by repressing inflammation and enhancing synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannan Li
- Second Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Department of Neurology, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
| | - Junnan Li
- Second Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Department of Neurology, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
| | - Lixuan Yang
- Second Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Department of Neurology, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
| | - Feifei Ren
- Department of Neurology, Shanxi Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - Kaiqiang Dong
- Second Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Department of Neurology, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
| | - Zhonghui Zhao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Wenzhe Duan
- Second Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Department of Neurology, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Neurology, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
| | - Rongjuan Guo
- Department of Neurology, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China.
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Zanirati G, Shetty PA, Shetty AK. Neural stem cells persist to generate new neurons in the hippocampus of adult and aged human brain - Fiction or accurate? Ageing Res Rev 2023; 92:102133. [PMID: 38000512 PMCID: PMC10843673 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Adult neurogenesis, comprising the generation, differentiation and integration of new neurons in the mature brain, has emerged as a dynamic area of research over decades. The discovery of adult neurogenesis was a paradigm shift to comprehend mechanisms underlying brain plasticity, cognitive function, and neurological disorders. This review deliberates significant findings from articles published over four decades on adult neurogenesis, highlighting key milestones, methodological advances, and controversies that have shaped our comprehension of the phenomenon of adult neurogenesis. Early skepticism gave way to a rich body of evidence via various reliable approaches. Studies on neurogenic niches, microenvironmental factors, molecular regulators, and functional implications have uncovered the involvement of adult neurogenesis in learning, memory, mood, and even neurological and neurodegenerative conditions. Despite significant progress, several questions still need to be answered, including the exact contributions of new neurons to brain function, their integration into existing circuits, and the impact of enhancing adult neurogenesis in the human hippocampus. While the existence of robust neurogenesis in the adult and aged human hippocampus is yet to be confirmed, this review highlights evidence from a significant number of studies supporting the persistence of hippocampal neurogenesis during adulthood and aging in humans, including in some neurological conditions, such as epilepsy and Alzheimer's disease. Nonetheless, additional large-scale studies using single cell-RNA-seq, single nucleus-RNA-seq, and spatial transcriptomics are critical to validate the presence and contribution of hippocampal neurogenesis in the pathophysiology of various neurological and neurodegenerative conditions at different stages of the disease. There is also a need to develop standardized protocols for analyzing postmortem hippocampal tissues for cellular and molecular analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Zanirati
- Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul (BraIns), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Padmashri A Shetty
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Texas A&M University School of Medicine, College Station, TX, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech Health Science Center, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Ashok K Shetty
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Texas A&M University School of Medicine, College Station, TX, USA.
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Ayilara GO, Owoyele BV. Neuroinflammation and microglial expression in brains of social-isolation rearing model of schizophrenia. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2023; 15:31-41. [PMID: 37359498 PMCID: PMC10285239 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder with a global prevalence of approximately 0.45%. It is considered a mental illness, with negative symptoms, positive symptoms, and cognitive dysfunction. The outcomes of studies on the role of microglia and neuroinflammation have been conflicting. In addition, there is a poor understanding of the sex differences in microglial expression and neuroinflammation markers in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and nucleus accumbens. Understanding the exact roles of neuroinflammation may guide the development of efficient therapeutic drugs that can address the negative, positive, and cognitive symptoms of the disease. We examined the effect of social isolation rearing on schizophrenia-related behaviours in male and female BALB/c mice. The social-isolation rearing protocol started on post-natal day (PND) 21, lasting for 35 days. Animals were assigned to four cohorts, consisting of five animals per group. On PND 56, animals were assessed for behavioural changes. We used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to investigate the expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the hippocampus, nucleus accumbens, and prefrontal cortex. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the expression of microglia in the three brain regions. Our study showed that isolation rearing led to increasing locomotion, heightened anxiety, depression, and a reduced percentage of prepulse inhibition. There was a significant increase (p < 0.05) in anxiety in the female isolation mice compared to male isolation mice. Furthermore, isolation rearing significantly increased microglia count (p < 0.05) in the hippocampus, nucleus accumbens, and prefrontal cortex, only in the male group. There was microglial hyper-activation as evident in the downregulation of CX3CR1 in both male and female social-isolation groups. Male social-isolation mice showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in neuroinflammation markers only in the nucleus accumbens while the female social-isolation mice showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in neuroinflammation markers in both the nucleus accumbens and hippocampus. The study showed that therapeutic interventions aimed at modulating CX3CR1 activity and reducing inflammation may be beneficial for patients with schizophrenia.
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Wu A, Zhang J. Neuroinflammation, memory, and depression: new approaches to hippocampal neurogenesis. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:283. [PMID: 38012702 PMCID: PMC10683283 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02964-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of most common and severe mental disorders, major depressive disorder (MDD) significantly increases the risks of premature death and other medical conditions for patients. Neuroinflammation is the abnormal immune response in the brain, and its correlation with MDD is receiving increasing attention. Neuroinflammation has been reported to be involved in MDD through distinct neurobiological mechanisms, among which the dysregulation of neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus (HPC) is receiving increasing attention. The DG of the hippocampus is one of two niches for neurogenesis in the adult mammalian brain, and neurotrophic factors are fundamental regulators of this neurogenesis process. The reported cell types involved in mediating neuroinflammation include microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, meningeal leukocytes, and peripheral immune cells which selectively penetrate the blood-brain barrier and infiltrate into inflammatory regions. This review summarizes the functions of the hippocampus affected by neuroinflammation during MDD progression and the corresponding influences on the memory of MDD patients and model animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anbiao Wu
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Jiyan Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China.
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Marzola P, Melzer T, Pavesi E, Gil-Mohapel J, Brocardo PS. Exploring the Role of Neuroplasticity in Development, Aging, and Neurodegeneration. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1610. [PMID: 38137058 PMCID: PMC10741468 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13121610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroplasticity refers to the ability of the brain to reorganize and modify its neural connections in response to environmental stimuli, experience, learning, injury, and disease processes. It encompasses a range of mechanisms, including changes in synaptic strength and connectivity, the formation of new synapses, alterations in the structure and function of neurons, and the generation of new neurons. Neuroplasticity plays a crucial role in developing and maintaining brain function, including learning and memory, as well as in recovery from brain injury and adaptation to environmental changes. In this review, we explore the vast potential of neuroplasticity in various aspects of brain function across the lifespan and in the context of disease. Changes in the aging brain and the significance of neuroplasticity in maintaining cognitive function later in life will also be reviewed. Finally, we will discuss common mechanisms associated with age-related neurodegenerative processes (including protein aggregation and accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation) and how these processes can be mitigated, at least partially, by non-invasive and non-pharmacologic lifestyle interventions aimed at promoting and harnessing neuroplasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Marzola
- Department of Morphological Sciences and Graduate Neuroscience Program, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil; (P.M.); (T.M.); (E.P.)
| | - Thayza Melzer
- Department of Morphological Sciences and Graduate Neuroscience Program, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil; (P.M.); (T.M.); (E.P.)
| | - Eloisa Pavesi
- Department of Morphological Sciences and Graduate Neuroscience Program, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil; (P.M.); (T.M.); (E.P.)
| | - Joana Gil-Mohapel
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- Island Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Patricia S. Brocardo
- Department of Morphological Sciences and Graduate Neuroscience Program, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil; (P.M.); (T.M.); (E.P.)
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Wang X, Hou X, Huo Y, Wang D, Fan X, Lin X, Yu W, Cui C, Guo J, Li Y. Phosphorylated Ser187-SNAP25-modulated hyperfunction of glutamatergic system in the vmPFC mediates depressive-like behaviors in male mice. Neuropharmacology 2023; 239:109691. [PMID: 37625690 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Dysfunctional glutamatergic neurotransmission contributes importantly to the pathophysiology of depression. However, the underlying neural mechanisms of glutamatergic dysfunction remain poorly understood. Here, we employed chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) to induce depression-like behavior in male mice and to assess the alterations of glutamatergic system within the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC). Male mice subjected to CUMS showed an increase in levels of glutamate content, synaptosomal GluN2B-NMDA receptors (GluN2B-NMDARs) and phosphorylated synaptosomal associated protein 25 KD of Ser187 (pSer187-SNAP25), which is involved in synaptic vesicular fusion processes in the vmPFC. Downregulation of pSer187-SNAP25 via the TAT-S187 fusion peptide efficiently alleviated CUMS-induced depressive-like behaviors in male mice by reversing the increase of glutamate content and synaptosomal GluN2B-NMDARs. These findings demonstrated a critical role for pSer187-SNAP25-mediated glutamatergic dysfunction in CUMS-induced depressive-like behaviors, suggesting the potential of pS187-SNAP25 inhibitors for further investigation on depression management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjuan Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory & Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Xueyu Hou
- Department of Pediatric, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yu Huo
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Institute, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience of the Ministry of Education/National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory & Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Xiang Fan
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Institute, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience of the Ministry of Education/National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaorui Lin
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Institute, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience of the Ministry of Education/National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Weidong Yu
- Department of Central Laboratory & Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Cailian Cui
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Institute, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience of the Ministry of Education/National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jingzhu Guo
- Department of Pediatric, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Yijing Li
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Institute, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience of the Ministry of Education/National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
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Musuroglu Keloglan S, Sahin L, Kocahan S, Annac E, Tirasci N, Pekmezekmek AB. Effect of caffeine on hippocampal memory and levels of gene expression in social isolation stress. Int J Dev Neurosci 2023; 83:641-652. [PMID: 37575074 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caffeine (Cf) antagonizes the adenosine receptors and has neuroprotective properties. The effect of Cf has been seen on stress-induced deficits of cognitive. In this study, we have investigated the effect of Cf on learning and memory functions induced by social isolation (SI) stress. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present study, 21-day-old Wistar albino male rats (n = 28) were divided into four groups: the control (C), the SI, the Cf, and the social isolation + caffeine (SICf). Cf (0.3 g/L) was added to the drinking water of the experimental animals for 4 weeks. The learning and memory functions were assessed using the Morris Water Maze Test (MWMT). Following, was performed histopathological evaluation and determined hippocampal gene expression levels by RT-qPCR. RESULTS According to MWMT findings, the time spent in the quadrant where the platform removed was decreased in the SI group compared with the C (p < 0.05). Histological evaluation showed morphological changes in SI by irregular appearance, cellular edema, and dark pycnotic appearance of nuclei in some neurons. However, it was observed that the histological structure of most of the neurons in the SICf group was similar to the C and Cf groups. Hippocampal SNAP25 expression was decreased in the Cf and SICf groups than in the C group (p < 0.05). The GFAP expression was increased in the SICf group than in the C group (p < 0.05). NR2A increased in the SI and SICf groups compared with C and Cf groups (p < 0.05). NR2B expression decreased in the Cf group compared with C and SI groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS SI impaired spatial memory and causes morphological changes in adolescent rats, but this effect of isolation was not seen in Cf-treated animals. The effects of SI on NR2A, Cf on NR2B, and SNAP25 are remarkable. Here, we propose that the impaired effect of SI on spatial memory may be mediated by NR2A, but further studies are needed to explain this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leyla Sahin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Sayad Kocahan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Gulhane Medicine, Health Sciences University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ebru Annac
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Nurhan Tirasci
- Department of Zootechnics and Animal Nutrition, Institute of Health Sciences, Fırat University, Elazig, Turkey
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Dandi Ε, Theotokis P, Petri MC, Sideropoulou V, Spandou E, Tata DA. Environmental enrichment initiated in adolescence restores the reduced expression of synaptophysin and GFAP in the hippocampus of chronically stressed rats in a sex-specific manner. Dev Psychobiol 2023; 65:e22422. [PMID: 37796476 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aims at investigating whether environmental enrichment (EE) initiated in adolescence can alter chronic unpredictable stress (CUS)-associated changes in astroglial and synaptic plasticity markers in male and female rats. To this end, we studied possible alterations in hippocampal glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and synaptophysin (SYN) in CUS rats previously housed in EE. Wistar rats on postnatal day (PND) 23 were housed for 10 weeks in standard housing (SH) or enriched conditions. On PND 66, animals were exposed to CUS for 4 weeks. SYN and GFAP expressions were evaluated in CA1 and CA3 subfields and dentate gyrus (DG). CUS reduced the expression of SYN in all hippocampal areas, whereas lower GFAP expression was evident only in CA1 and CA3. The reduced expression of SYN in DG and CA3 was evident to male SH/CUS rats, whereas the reduced GFAP expression in CA1 and CA3 was limited to SH/CUS females. EE housing increased the hippocampal expression of both markers and protected against CUS-associated decreases. Our findings indicate that the decreases in the expression of SYN and GFAP following CUS are region and sex-specific and underline the neuroprotective role of EE against these CUS-associated changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Εvgenia Dandi
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Paschalis Theotokis
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology and Neuroimmunology, 2nd Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Christina Petri
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vaia Sideropoulou
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evangelia Spandou
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Despina A Tata
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Lanooij SD, Drinkenburg WHIM, Eisel ULM, van der Zee EA, Kas MJH. The effects of social environment on AD-related pathology in hAPP-J20 mice and tau-P301L mice. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 187:106309. [PMID: 37748620 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In humans, social factors (e.g., loneliness) have been linked to the risk of developing Alzheimer's Disease (AD). To date, AD pathology is primarily characterized by amyloid-β plaques and tau tangles. We aimed to assess the effect of single- and group-housing on AD-related pathology in a mouse model for amyloid pathology (J20, and WT controls) and a mouse model for tau pathology (P301L) with and without seeding of synthetic human tau fragments (K18). Female mice were either single housed (SH) or group housed (GH) from the age of 6-7 weeks onwards. In 12-week-old P301L mice, tau pathology was induced through seeding by injecting K18 into the dorsal hippocampus (P301LK18), while control mice received a PBS injection (P301LPBS). P301L mice were sacrificed at 4 months of age and J20 mice at 10 months of age. In all mice brain pathology was histologically assessed by examining microglia, the CA1 pyramidal cell layer and specific AD pathology: analysis of plaques in J20 mice and tau hyperphosphorylation in P301L mice. Contrary to our expectation, SH-J20 mice interestingly displayed fewer plaques in the hippocampus compared to GH-J20 mice. However, housing did not affect tau hyperphosphorylation at Ser202/Thr205 of P301L mice, nor neuronal cell death in the CA1 region in any of the mice. The number of microglia was increased by the J20 genotype, and their activation (based on cell body to cell size ratio) in the CA1 was affected by genotype and housing condition (interaction effect). Single housing of P301L mice was linked to the development of stereotypic behavior (i.e. somersaulting and circling behavior). In P301LK18 mice, an increased number of microglia were observed, among which were rod microglia. Taken together, our findings point to a significant effect of social housing conditions on amyloid plaques and microglia in J20 mice and on the development of stereotypic behavior in P301L mice, indicating that the social environment can modulate AD-related pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne D Lanooij
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747, AG, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - W H I M Drinkenburg
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747, AG, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Neuroscience, Janssen Research & Development, a Division on Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium.
| | - U L M Eisel
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747, AG, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - E A van der Zee
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747, AG, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Martien J H Kas
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747, AG, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Park I, Kim J, Kim M, Lim DW, Jung J, Kim MJ, Song J, Cho S, Um MY. Sargassum horneri Extract Attenuates Depressive-like Behaviors in Mice Treated with Stress Hormone. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1841. [PMID: 37891920 PMCID: PMC10604295 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sargassum horneri, a brown seaweed, is known for its various health benefits; however, there are no reports on its effects on depression. This study aimed to investigate the antidepressant effects of S. horneri ethanol extract (SHE) in mice injected with corticosterone (CORT) and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Behavioral tests were conducted, and corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and CORT levels were measured. A fluorometric monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzyme inhibition assay was performed. Neurotransmitters like serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine levels were determined. Moreover, the ERK-CREB-BDNF signaling pathway in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus was evaluated. Behavioral tests revealed that SHE has antidepressant effects by reducing immobility time and increasing time spent in open arms. Serum CRH, ACTH, and CORT levels decreased in the mice treated with SHE, as did the glucocorticoid-receptor expression in their brain tissues. SHE inhibited MAO-A and MAO-B activities. In addition, SHE increased levels of neurotransmitters. Furthermore, SHE activated the ERK-CREB-BDNF pathway in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. These findings suggest that SHE has antidepressant effects in CORT-injected mice, via the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and monoaminergic pathway, and through activation of the ERK-CREB-BDNF signaling pathway. Thus, our study suggests that SHE may act as a natural antidepressant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inhye Park
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
- Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwoo Kim
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
- Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Wook Lim
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghoon Jung
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Song
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Food Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Suengmok Cho
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Food Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Young Um
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
- Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
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Li X, Wang H, Zhang Q, Sun X, Zhang M, Wang G. Inhibition of adult hippocampal neurogenesis induced by postoperative CD8 + T-cell infiltration is associated with cognitive decline later following surgery in adult mice. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:227. [PMID: 37798730 PMCID: PMC10557222 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02910-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some patients show persistent cognitive decline for weeks, months or even years after surgery, which seriously affects their long-term prognosis and quality of life. However, most previous basic studies have focused mainly on the mechanisms of early postoperative cognitive decline, whereas cognitive decline in the longer term after surgery is less well-understood. The subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus exhibits life-long neurogenesis, supporting hippocampus-dependent learning and memory. MAIN TEXT The aim of this study was to investigate whether adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) involves in cognitive decline later following surgery and to further explore the roles of CD8 + T lymphocytes infiltrating the hippocampal parenchyma after surgery in this pathological process. Cognitive function was examined in adult mice that underwent laparotomy combined with partial hepatectomy, and the results showed that cognitive decline persisted in mice who underwent surgery during the first postoperative month, even though there was a trend toward continuous improvement over time. Significantly decreased numbers of DCX + cells, BrdU + cells, and BrdU + /DCX + cells were observed on day 8 after surgery, and a significantly decreased number of NeuN + /BrdU + cells was observed on day 28 after surgery, which indicated inhibition of AHN. After surgery, T lymphocytes, the majority of which were CD8 + T cells, infiltrated the hippocampus and secreted Interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Depletion of CD8 + T cells could inhibit the increase of IFN-γ synthesis, improve hippocampal neurogenesis, and improve postoperative cognitive function. Hippocampal microinjection of IFN-γ neutralizing antibody or adeno-associated virus to knock down IFN-γ receptor 1 (IFNGR1) could also partially attenuate the inhibition of AHN and improve postoperative cognitive function. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that postoperative infiltration of CD8 + T cells into the hippocampus and subsequent secretion of IFN-γ contribute to the inhibition of AHN and cognitive decline later following surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Tai' an Central Hospital, Taian, 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Qidi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaobin Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Mengyuan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
| | - Gongming Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
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Jing D, Hou X, Guo X, Zhao X, Zhang K, Zhang J, Kan C, Han F, Liu J, Sun X. Astrocytes in Post-Stroke Depression: Roles in Inflammation, Neurotransmission, and Neurotrophin Signaling. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:3301-3313. [PMID: 37470888 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01386-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a frequent and disabling complication of stroke that affects up to one-third of stroke survivors. The pathophysiology of PSD involves multiple mechanisms, including neurochemical, neuroinflammatory, neurotrophic, and neuroplastic changes. Astrocytes are a type of glial cell that is plentiful and adaptable in the central nervous system. They play key roles in various mechanisms by modulating neurotransmission, inflammation, neurogenesis, and synaptic plasticity. This review summarizes the latest evidence of astrocyte involvement in PSD from human and animal studies, focusing on the alterations of astrocyte markers and functions in relation to monoamine neurotransmitters, inflammatory cytokines, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and glutamate excitotoxicity. We also discuss the potential therapeutic implications of targeting astrocytes for PSD prevention and treatment. Astrocytes could be new candidates for antidepressant medications and other interventions that aim to restore astrocyte homeostasis and function in PSD. Astrocytes could be new candidates for antidepressant medications and other interventions that aim to restore astrocyte homeostasis and function in PSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqing Jing
- Department of Neurology 1, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, 261031, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xiaoli Hou
- Department of General Practice, Weifang Sixth People's Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Xiao Guo
- Department of Neurology 1, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, 261031, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Neurology 1, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, 261031, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Kexin Zhang
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Chengxia Kan
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Fang Han
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Junling Liu
- Department of Neurology 1, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, 261031, China.
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, 261031, China.
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Wang Y, Lai H, Zhang T, Wu J, Tang H, Liang X, Ren D, Huang J, Li W. Mitochondria of intestinal epithelial cells in depression: Are they at a crossroads of gut-brain communication? Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 153:105403. [PMID: 37742989 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The role of gut dysbiosis in depression is well established. However, recent studies have shown that gut microbiota is regulated by intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) mitochondria, which has yet to receive much attention. This review summarizes the recent developments about the critical role of IEC mitochondria in actively maintaining gut microbiota, intestinal metabolism, and immune homeostasis. We propose that IEC mitochondrial dysfunction alters gut microbiota composition, participates in cell fate, mediates oxidative stress, activates the peripheral immune system, causes peripheral inflammation, and transmits peripheral signals through the vagus and enteric nervous systems. These pathological alterations lead to brain inflammation, disruption of the blood-brain barrier, activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, activation of microglia and astrocytes, induction of neuronal loss, and ultimately depression. Furthermore, we highlight the prospect of treating depression through the mitochondria of IECs. These new findings suggest that the mitochondria of IECs may be a newly found important factor in the pathogenesis of depression and represent a potential new strategy for treating depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China
| | - Han Lai
- School of Foreign Languages, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China
| | - Tian Zhang
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China
| | - Jing Wu
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China
| | - Huiling Tang
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China
| | - Xuanwei Liang
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China
| | - Dandan Ren
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China
| | - Jinzhu Huang
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China.
| | - Weihong Li
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China.
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Gao S, Zhang L, Wang X, Li R, Han L, Xiong X, Jiang Q, Cheng D, Xiao X, Li H, Yang J. A terrified-sound stress causes cognitive impairment in female mice by impairing neuronal plasticity. Brain Res 2023; 1812:148419. [PMID: 37217110 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Stress is an important environmental factor affecting mental health that cannot be ignored. Moreover, due to the great physiological differences between males and females, the effects of stress may vary by sex. Previous studies have shown that terrified-sound stress, meaning exposed mice to the recorded vocalizations in response to the electric shock by their kind to induce psychological stress, can cause cognitive impairment in male. In the study, we investigated the effects of the terrified-sound stress on adult female mice. METHODS 32 adults female C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control (n = 16) and stress group (n = 16). Sucrose preference test (SPT)was carried out to evaluate the depressive-like behavior. Using Open field test (OFT) to evaluate locomotor and exploratory alterations in mice. Spatial learning and memory ability were measured in Morris Water maze test (MWM), Golgi staining and western blotting showed dendritic remodeling after stress. In addition, serum hormone quantifications were performed by ELISA. RESULTS we found the sucrose preference of stress group was significantly decreased (p < 0.05) compared with control group; the escape latency of the stress group was significantly prolonged (p < 0.05), the total swimming distance and the number of target crossings(p < 0.05) were significantly increased (p < 0.05) in MWM; Endocrine hormone, Testosterone (T) (p < 0.05), GnRH (p < 0.05), FSH and LH levels was decreased; Golgi staining and western blotting showed a significant decrease in dendritic arborization, spine density and synaptic plasticity related proteins PSD95 and BDNF in the stress group. CONCLUSION Terrified-sound stress induced depressive-like behaviors, locomotor and exploratory alterations. And impaired cognitive by altering dendritic remodeling and the expression of synaptic plasticity-related proteins. However, females are resilient to terrified-sound stress from a hormonal point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanfeng Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head Neck, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China; Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Rufeng Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Lin Han
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Xiaofan Xiong
- Department of Tumor and Immunology in Precision Medicine Institute, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Port, Xi'an 710004, PR China
| | - Qingchen Jiang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Daxin Cheng
- Department of Neonatology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an 710068, PR China
| | - Xuan Xiao
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Huajing Li
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head Neck, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China.
| | - Juan Yang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an 710061, PR China.
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Wolniczak E, Meyer F, Albrecht A. [The abdominal brain: neuroanatomic perspectives for the abdominal surgeon]. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GASTROENTEROLOGIE 2023; 61:1037-1045. [PMID: 37142237 DOI: 10.1055/a-2013-7633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The "abdominal brain" does not only consist of a separate enteric nervous system but also of bidirectional connections to the autonomous nerve system with parasympathicus und sympathicus as well as brain and spinal cord. Novel studies have shown that these connections can quickly transfer information on the ingested nutrients to the brain to conduct the feeling of hunger and more complex behaviour, such as "reward-related learning". However, even emotional experience, in particular, stress, has a strong impact onto the gastrointestinal system. The immune system, motility and barrier function of the gastrointestinal tract are modulated by the intestinal microbiota. Local bacteria may directly influence neuronal communication by released metabolic products and neuropeptides as well as may control inflammatory factors. Intensive research over the last 10 years was able to provide evidence that intestinal microbiota may affect emotional and cognitive aspects of our behaviour and, thus, it might be in the focus of numerous neuropsychiatric diseases, such as depressions and anxiety disorders.The presented review is to provide a short summary of the I): anatomic basics of the so-called gut-brain axis and II): modi of the bidirectional regulation. Through indirect connections to the limbic system, gut-brain axis can substantially influence stress and anxiety but also the pain processing. In addition, the role of microbiota is outlined and future paths are shown, e.g., how the (microbiota-)gut-brain axis may alter emotional experience, pain processing and intestinal function. Such associations are relevant for further development of visceral medicine, and, thus, also for the abdominal surgeon to derive future treatment concepts with interdisciplinary orientation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Wolniczak
- Institut für Anatomie, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität zu Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Deutschland
| | - Frank Meyer
- Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral-, Gefäß- und Transplantationschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Magdeburg A.ö.R., Magdeburg, Deutschland
| | - Anne Albrecht
- Institut für Anatomie, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität zu Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Deutschland
- Center for Behavioral Brain Science (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Intervention and Research on adaptive and maladaptive brain Circuits underlying mental health (C-I-R-C), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Germany
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67
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Lai ZK, Yin YY, Yan JZ, Wei QQ, Wang B, Li YF, Zhang LM, Wang YL. Inulin-type oligosaccharides of Morinda officinalis exerted antidepressant effects by reducing hippocampal inflammation. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:2065-2075. [PMID: 37148433 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01223-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of depression. Inulin-type oligosaccharides of Morinda officinalis (IOMO) exert antidepressant-like effects in rodents and patients with depression, while the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study used chronic restraint stress (CRS) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce depression-like behaviors in mice. Western blotting and ELISA analysis were used to investigate the effects of IOMO on inflammatory cytokine levels. Immunofluorescence analysis was used to investigate the effects of IOMO on hippocampal NLRP3 inflammasome and microglial cells. The results suggested that 6 weeks of CRS induced significant depression-like behaviors based on the sucrose preference test (SPT), tail suspension test (TST), and forced swimming test (FST), which were accompanied by increases in the expression of IL-6 and the activation of hippocampal microglial cells. Chronic treatment with IOMO (25 mg/kg, i.g.) for 28 days significantly reversed these depression-like behaviors and inhibited the activation of microglial cells. Furthermore, LPS (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.) also significantly induced depression-like behaviors in the TST, FST, and novelty-suppressed feeding test (NSFT), as well as increased the expression of IL-1β and caspase-1, and activated the microglial cells and the NLRP3 inflammasome in the hippocampus. Treatment with IOMO for 9 days significantly reversed these depression-like behaviors and normalized the LPS-induced activation of the microglial cells and NLRP3 inflammasome. Taken together, these results suggested that IOMO exerted antidepressant-like effects via hippocampal microglial NLRP3 inflammasome mediation followed by caspase-1 inhibition and the production of IL-1β. These findings provide a basis for developing new antidepressants targeting the microglial NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Kai Lai
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Yu Yin
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing, China
| | - Jiao-Zhao Yan
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian-Qian Wei
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing, China
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing, China
| | - Yun-Feng Li
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Li-Ming Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing, China.
| | - Yu-Lu Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.
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Yang Z, Wang D. A Standardized Protocol for Early-life Stress-induced Social Defeat in Mice. Bio Protoc 2023; 13:e4703. [PMID: 37397794 PMCID: PMC10308185 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric diseases, like depression, have a considerable and persistent impact on human health; however, little is known about their underlying pathogenesis. Social defeat is a model for stress-induced psychopathologies that could present with behaviors resembling those observed in humans with depression. However, previous animal models of social defeat mainly focus on adults. Here, we re-design the protocol of early-life stress-induced social defeat paradigm, which is based on a classic resident-intruder model. Briefly, each two-week-old experimental mouse of C57BL/6 strain is introduced into the home cage of an unfamiliar CD1 aggressor mouse for 30 min per day for 10 consecutive days. Later, all experimental mice are raised individually for another month. Finally, the mice are identified as defeated through social interaction and open field tests. This model has been shown to be etiological and predictive and provide high validity and could be a powerful tool to investigate the underlying pathogenesis of early onset depression. Graphical overview.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Yang
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu City, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Denian Wang
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
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Li HH, Liu Y, Chen HS, Wang J, Li YK, Zhao Y, Sun R, He JG, Wang F, Chen JG. PDGF-BB-Dependent Neurogenesis Buffers Depressive-Like Behaviors by Inhibition of GABAergic Projection from Medial Septum to Dentate Gyrus. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023:e2301110. [PMID: 37325895 PMCID: PMC10401107 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Hippocampal circuitry stimulation is sufficient to regulate adult hippocampal neurogenesis and ameliorate depressive-like behavior, but its underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, it is shown that inhibition of medial septum (MS)-dentate gyrus (DG) circuit reverses the chronic social defeat stress (CSDS)-induced depression-like behavior. Further analysis exhibits that inhibition of gamma-aminobutyric acidergic neurons in MS projecting to the DG (MSGABA+ -DG) increases the expression of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) in somatostatin (SOM) positive interneurons of DG, which contributes to the antidepressant-like effects. Overexpression of the PDGF-BB or exogenous administration of PDGF-BB in DG rescues the effect of chronic stress on the inhibition of neural stem cells (NSCs) proliferation and dendritic growth of adult-born hippocampal neurons, as well as on depressive-like behaviors. Conversely, knockdown of PDGF-BB facilitates CSDS-induced deficit of hippocampal neurogenesis and promotes the susceptibility to chronic stress in mice. Finally, conditional knockdown platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRβ) in NSCs blocks an increase in NSCs proliferation and the antidepressant effects of PDGF-BB. These results delineate a previously unidentified PDGF-BB/PDGFRβ signaling in regulating depressive-like behaviors and identify a novel mechanism by which the MSGABA+ -DG pathway regulates the expression of PDGF-BB in SOM-positive interneurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hou-Hong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hong-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Researches and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ji Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yu-Ke Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jin-Gang He
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Researches and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430030, China
- The Research Center for Depression, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science, Wuhan, 430030, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases (HUST), Ministry of Education of China, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Researches and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430030, China
- The Research Center for Depression, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science, Wuhan, 430030, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases (HUST), Ministry of Education of China, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jian-Guo Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Researches and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430030, China
- The Research Center for Depression, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science, Wuhan, 430030, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases (HUST), Ministry of Education of China, Wuhan, 430030, China
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Miyao M, Hirotsu A, Tatsumi K, Tanaka T. Prior exposure to stress exacerbates neuroinflammation and causes long-term behavior changes in sepsis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16904. [PMID: 37484359 PMCID: PMC10360945 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroinflammation can occur during sepsis and is now regarded as the main mechanism underlying various related central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Another well-known factor causing neuroinflammation is psychological stress. In the current study, we examined the effects of prior exposure to stress on sepsis-induced neuroinflammation and CNS symptoms. Experimental procedure Balb/c mice were subjected to wet bedding stress for 2 days, then lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was intraperitoneally administered. For examining the neuroinflammation, the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and NF-κB activity in the brain was analyzed by RT-PCR and ELISA-based assay. Additionally, immunohistochemical study using Iba-1 was performed. Finally, behavior tests were examined one month after LPS treatment. Result and conclusion Stress exposure induced the upregulation of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα mRNA in the cerebral cortex 4 h after LPS administration. Suggesting an underlying mechanism, LPS-induced NF-κB activation was significantly upregulated with stress in the brain. Histologically, microglia in the cerebral cortex were reactive and became more abundant with stress, while these effects were further increased with LPS injection. Behavioral analysis conducted showed a significant increase of anxiety-like behaviors in the stressed mice. These results suggest that prior exposure to stress exacerbates neuroinflammation during sepsis and induces long-term behavior changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Miyao
- Department of Anesthesia, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Kawahara-Cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Akiko Hirotsu
- Department of Anesthesia, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Kawahara-Cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Tatsumi
- Department of Anesthesia, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Kawahara-Cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Tanaka
- Department of Anesthesia, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, 2-17-77 Higashi Naniwacho, Amagasaki, Hyogo 660-8550, Japan
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Brand J, McDonald SJ, Gawryluk JR, Christie BR, Shultz SR. Stress and traumatic brain injury: An inherent bi-directional relationship with temporal and synergistic complexities. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 151:105242. [PMID: 37225064 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and stress are prevalent worldwide and can both result in life-altering health problems. While stress often occurs in the absence of TBI, TBI inherently involves some element of stress. Furthermore, because there is pathophysiological overlap between stress and TBI, it is likely that stress influences TBI outcomes. However, there are temporal complexities in this relationship (e.g., when the stress occurs) that have been understudied despite their potential importance. This paper begins by introducing TBI and stress and highlighting some of their possible synergistic mechanisms including inflammation, excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation, and autonomic nervous system dysfunction. We next describe different temporal scenarios involving TBI and stress and review the available literature on this topic. In doing so we find initial evidence that in some contexts stress is a highly influential factor in TBI pathophysiology and recovery, and vice versa. We also identify important knowledge gaps and suggest future research avenues that will increase our understanding of this inherent bidirectional relationship and could one day result in improved patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Brand
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stuart J McDonald
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jodie R Gawryluk
- Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Brian R Christie
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sandy R Shultz
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Faculty of Health Sciences, Vancouver Island University, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada.
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72
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Wang M, Sun P, Li Z, Li J, Lv X, Chen S, Zhu X, Chai X, Zhao S. Eucommiae cortex polysaccharides attenuate gut microbiota dysbiosis and neuroinflammation in mice exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress: Beneficial in ameliorating depressive-like behaviors. J Affect Disord 2023; 334:278-292. [PMID: 37156274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic stress alters gut microbiota composition, as well as induces inflammatory responses and behavioral deficits. Eucommiae cortex polysaccharides (EPs) have been reported to remodel gut microbiota and ameliorate obesogenic diet-induced systemic low-grade inflammation, but their role in stress-induced behavioral and physiological changes is poorly understood. METHODS Male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were exposed to chronic unpredictable stress (CUMS) for 4 weeks and then supplemented with EPs at a dose of 400 mg/kg once per day for 2 weeks. Behavioral test-specific antidepressant and anxiolytic effects of EPs were assessed in FST, TST, EPM, and OFT. Microbiota composition and inflammation were detected using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing, quantitative RT-PCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence. RESULTS We found that EPs ameliorated gut dysbiosis caused by CUMS, as evidenced by increasing the abundance of Lactobacillaceae and suppressing the expansion of the Proteobacteria, thereby mitigating intestinal inflammation and barrier derangement. Importantly, EPs reduced the release of bacterial-derived lipopolysaccharides (LPS, endotoxin) and inhibited the microglia-mediated TLR4/NFκB/MAPK signaling pathway, thereby attenuating the pro-inflammatory response in the hippocampus. These contributed to restoring the rhythm of hippocampal neurogenesis and alleviating behavioral abnormalities in CUMS mice. Correlation analysis showed that the perturbed-gut microbiota was strongly correlated with behavioral abnormalities and neuroinflammation. LIMITATIONS This study did not clarify the causal relationship between EPs remodeling the gut microbiota and improved behavior in CUMS mice. CONCLUSIONS EPs exert ameliorative effects on CUMS-induced neuroinflammation and depression-like symptoms, which may be strongly related to their beneficial effects on gut microbial composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengli Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Penghao Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhuoni Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xin Lv
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Shulin Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Xuejun Chai
- College of Basic Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Shanting Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
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Lei C, Li N, Chen J, Wang Q. Hypericin Ameliorates Depression-like Behaviors via Neurotrophin Signaling Pathway Mediating m6A Epitranscriptome Modification. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093859. [PMID: 37175269 PMCID: PMC10179818 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypericin, one of the major antidepressant constituents of St. John's wort, was shown to exert antidepressant effects by affecting cerebral CYP enzymes, serotonin homeostasis, and neuroinflammatory signaling pathways. However, its exact mechanisms are unknown. Previous clinical studies reported that the mRNA modification N6-methyladenosine (m6A) interferes with the neurobiological mechanism in depressed patients, and it was also found that the antidepressant efficacy of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) is related to m6A modifications. Therefore, we hypothesize that the antidepressant effect of hypericin may relate to the m6A modification of epitranscriptomic regulation. We constructed a UCMS mouse depression model and found that hypericin ameliorated depressive-like behavior in UCMS mice. Molecular pharmacology experiments showed that hypericin treatment upregulated the expression of m6A-modifying enzymes METTL3 and WTAP in the hippocampi of UCMS mice. Next, we performed MeRIP-seq and RNA-seq to study m6A modifications and changes in mRNA expression on a genome-wide scale. The genome-wide m6A assay and MeRIP-qPCR results revealed that the m6A modifications of Akt3, Ntrk2, Braf, and Kidins220 mRNA were significantly altered in the hippocampi of UCMS mice after stress stimulation and were reversed by hypericin treatment. Transcriptome assays and qPCR results showed that the Camk4 and Arhgdig genes might be related to the antidepressant efficacy of hypericin. Further gene enrichment results showed that the differential genes were mainly involved in neurotrophic factor signaling pathways. In conclusion, our results show that hypericin upregulates m6A methyltransferase METTL3 and WTAP in the hippocampi of UCMS mice and stabilizes m6A modifications to exert antidepressant effects via the neurotrophin signaling pathway. This suggests that METTL3 and WTAP-mediated changes in m6A modifications may be a potential mechanism for the pathogenesis of depression and the efficacy of antidepressants, and that the neurotrophin signaling pathway plays a key role in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunguang Lei
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ningning Li
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Jianhua Chen
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Qingzhong Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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Zhang J, Li L, Liu Q, Zhao Z, Su D, Xiao C, Jin T, Chen L, Xu C, You Z, Zhou T. Gastrodin programs an Arg-1 + microglial phenotype in hippocampus to ameliorate depression- and anxiety-like behaviors via the Nrf2 pathway in mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 113:154725. [PMID: 36867963 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regulating the microglial phenotype is an attractive strategy for treating diseases of the central nervous system such as depression and anxiety. Gastrodin can quickly cross the blood-brain barrier and mitigate microglia-mediated inflammation, which widely used to treat a variety of central nervous system diseases associated with microglial dysfunction. However, the molecular mechanism by which gastrodin regulates the functional phenotype of microglia remains unclear. PURPOSE Since the transcription factor "nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2″ (Nrf2) is associated with the anti-inflammatory effects of gastrodin, we hypothesized that gastrodin induces Nrf2 expression in microglia and thereby programs an anti-inflammatory phenotype. STUDY DESIGN Male C57BL/6 mice, treated or not with gastrodin, were given lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at 0.25 mg/kg/d for 10 days to induce chronic neuroinflammation. The effects of gastrodin on microglial phenotypes, neuroinflammation and depression- and anxiety-like behaviors were evaluated. In another experiment, animals were treated with Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 throughout the 13-day gastrodin intervention period. METHODS The effects of gastrodin on depression- and anxiety-like behaviors were evaluated through the sucrose preference test, forced swimming test, open field test and elevated plus-maze test; as well as its effects on morphology and molecular and functional phenotypes of hippocampal microglia through immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS Chronic exposure to LPS caused hippocampal microglia to secrete inflammatory cytokines, their somata to enlarge, and their dendrites to lose branches. These changes were associated with depression- and anxiety-like behaviors. Gastrodin blocked these LPS-induced alterations and promoted an Arg-1+ microglial phenotype that protected neurons from injury. The effects of gastrodin were associated with Nrf2 activation, whereas blockade of Nrf2 antagonized gastrodin. CONCLUSION These results suggest that gastrodin acts via Nrf2 to promote an Arg-1+ microglial phenotype, which buffers the harmful effects of LPS-induced neuroinflammation. Gastrodin may be a promising drug against central nervous system diseases that involve microglial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinqiang Zhang
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Liangyuan Li
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qin Liu
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhihuang Zhao
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Dapeng Su
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Chenghong Xiao
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Ting Jin
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Li Chen
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Chunyun Xu
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zili You
- School of Life Science and Technology, Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
| | - Tao Zhou
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China.
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Jiang M, Jang SE, Zeng L. The Effects of Extrinsic and Intrinsic Factors on Neurogenesis. Cells 2023; 12:cells12091285. [PMID: 37174685 PMCID: PMC10177620 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In the mammalian brain, neurogenesis is maintained throughout adulthood primarily in two typical niches, the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus and the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles and in other nonclassic neurogenic areas (e.g., the amygdala and striatum). During prenatal and early postnatal development, neural stem cells (NSCs) differentiate into neurons and migrate to appropriate areas such as the olfactory bulb where they integrate into existing neural networks; these phenomena constitute the multistep process of neurogenesis. Alterations in any of these processes impair neurogenesis and may even lead to brain dysfunction, including cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration. Here, we first summarize the main properties of mammalian neurogenic niches to describe the cellular and molecular mechanisms of neurogenesis. Accumulating evidence indicates that neurogenesis plays an integral role in neuronal plasticity in the brain and cognition in the postnatal period. Given that neurogenesis can be highly modulated by a number of extrinsic and intrinsic factors, we discuss the impact of extrinsic (e.g., alcohol) and intrinsic (e.g., hormones) modulators on neurogenesis. Additionally, we provide an overview of the contribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection to persistent neurological sequelae such as neurodegeneration, neurogenic defects and accelerated neuronal cell death. Together, our review provides a link between extrinsic/intrinsic factors and neurogenesis and explains the possible mechanisms of abnormal neurogenesis underlying neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Jiang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Dongguan Campus, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Se Eun Jang
- Neural Stem Cell Research Lab, Research Department, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore 308433, Singapore
| | - Li Zeng
- Neural Stem Cell Research Lab, Research Department, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore 308433, Singapore
- Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders Program, DUKE-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technology University, Novena Campus, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308232, Singapore
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Muta O, Odaka M, Fujii Y, Fushimi T, Sato H, Osakabe N. Difference in endocrine and behavior between short-term single- and paired-housing mice in metabolic cage. Neurosci Lett 2023; 806:137246. [PMID: 37068655 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic cage housing which is exposed to a number of environmental stressors is often used in pharmacokinetic studies. In this study, we compared the difference in stress response between single- and paired-housing in metabolic cages by evaluating the alteration of urinary stress hormones and behavior. Mice were randomly divided into single- or paired-housing groups and placed in a metabolic cage with wire mesh. Their urine was collected every 24 hours for consecutive 4 days to determine excreted catecholamine and corticosterone. The change in body weight was significantly decreased at 3 and 4 days in the single-housing group compared with that before the experiment, but not paired-housing group. The level of urinary catecholamines, such as noradrenaline, adrenaline, and their metabolite vanillylmandelic acid, was significantly increased in the single-housing compared with paired housing group and urinary corticosterone increased as well. Next, for the two similarly housed groups, we observed spontaneous behavior on the fourth day and conducted an elevated plus-maze test on the fifth day. Spontaneous behavior was not different between experimental groups. In the elevated plus-maze test, the proportion of time spent in the open arms was significantly prolonged in the paired-housing group compared to that of the single-housing group. Short-term social isolation stress loading in metabolic cages was suggested to exhibit endocrinological and behavioral changes in mice. To reduce such interference due to stress exposure, it was suggested to keep two mice in a metabolic cage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orie Muta
- Functional Control Systems, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology
| | - Minayu Odaka
- Department of Bio-science and Engineering, Faculty of System Science and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology
| | - Yasuyuki Fujii
- Functional Control Systems, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology; Department of Bio-science and Engineering, Faculty of System Science and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology
| | - Taiki Fushimi
- Functional Control Systems, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology
| | - Hiroki Sato
- Functional Control Systems, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology; Department of Bio-science and Engineering, Faculty of System Science and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology
| | - Naomi Osakabe
- Functional Control Systems, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology; Department of Bio-science and Engineering, Faculty of System Science and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology.
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Wang H, Yang Y, Pei G, Wang Z, Chen N. Neurotrophic basis to the pathogenesis of depression and phytotherapy. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1182666. [PMID: 37089920 PMCID: PMC10115971 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1182666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is a major neuropsychiatric disease that considerably impacts individuals’ psychosocial function and life quality. Neurotrophic factors are now connected to the pathogenesis of depression, while the definitive neurotrophic basis remains elusive. Besides, phytotherapy is alternative to conventional antidepressants that may minimize undesirable adverse reactions. Thus, further research into the interaction between neurotrophic factors and depression and phytochemicals that repair neurotrophic factors deficit is highly required. This review highlighted the implication of neurotrophic factors in depression, with a focus on the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and nerve growth factor (NGF), and detailed the antidepressant activities of various phytochemicals targeting neurotrophic factors. Additionally, we presented future opportunities for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for depression and provided solutions to challenges in this area to accelerate the clinical translation of neurotrophic factors for the treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqin Wang
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine and Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, Changsha, Hunan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica and Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yantao Yang
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine and Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Gang Pei
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine and Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica and Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Naihong Chen
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine and Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, Changsha, Hunan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica and Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Naihong Chen,
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Wang Y, Wang X, Jiang K, Yang K, Ling J. Network pharmacology and experimental studies for deciphering the molecular targets and mechanisms of Chaihu Shugan powder in the treatment of functional dyspepsia. Technol Health Care 2023; 31:449-462. [PMID: 37038797 DOI: 10.3233/thc-236039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chaihu Shugan powder (CSP) is a prevalent prescription product used in the treatment functional dyspepsia (FD) in China. However, the underlying pharmacological mechanisms involved in the treatment of FD remain unclear. OBJECTIVE To explore the key components of CSP and their molecular targets and mechanisms in the treatment of FD. METHODS Active compounds for CSP were identified from the TCMSP and SymMap databases, and the relevant targets were predicted. FD-related targets were obtained from the CTD database. In addition, using the protein-protein interactions (PPI) analysis, the common targets were obtained. Furthermore, the compound-target networks were created with Cytoscape. Finally, molecular docking was performed to identify the core targets and validate them experimentally. RESULTS In total, 78 active compounds and 671 related targets of CSP were obtained. PPI network analysis identified 15 key FD-related compound targets. Molecular docking revealed that sitosterol and hyndarin exhibited good binding activities with AKT1 and IL6, respectively. Animal experiments have shown that CSP effectively increased the protein levels of AKT1 and reduced the serum levels of IL-6 in FD rats. CONCLUSION This study provides a theoretical evidence for the analysis of the molecular targets and mechanisms of the action of CSP in FD.
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Akefe IO, Nyan ES, Adegoke VA, Lamidi IY, Ameh MP, Chidiebere U, Ubah SA, Ajayi IE. Myrtenal improves memory deficits in mice exposed to radiofrequency-electromagnetic radiation during gestational and neonatal development via enhancing oxido-inflammatory, and neurotransmitter functions. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15321. [PMID: 37123912 PMCID: PMC10133755 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Radiofrequency-electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) exposure during gestational and neonatal development may interact with the foetus and neonate considered hypersensitive to RF-EMR, consequently resulting in developmental defects associated with neuropsychological and neurobehavioral disorders, including learning and memory impairment. This study assessed the potential of Myrtenal (Myrt) to improve memory deficits in C57BL/6 mice exposed to RF-EMR during gestational and neonatal development. Method Thirty-five male mice were randomly allocated into 5 cohorts, each comprising of 7 mice. Group I was administered vehicle, Group II: RF-EMR (900 MHz); Group III: RF-EMR (900 MHz) + 100 mg/kg Myrt; Group IV: RF-EMR (900 MHz) + 200 mg/kg Myrt; and Group V: RF-EMR (900 MHz) + donepezil 0.5 mg/kg. Results Myrt treatment improved short-term memory performance in RF-EMR (900 MHz)-exposed mice by augmenting activities of endogenous antioxidant enzymes and proinflammatory cytokines, thereby protecting the brain from oxido-inflammatory stress. Additionally, Myrt restored the homeostasis of neurotransmitters in RF-EMR-exposed animals. Conclusion Results from the present study shows that exposure to RF-EMR impaired short-term memory in animals and altered the response of markers of oxido-inflammatory stress, and neurotransmitters. It is therefore conceivable that the recommendation of Myrt-enriched fruits may offer protective benefits for foeti and neonates prone to RF-EMR exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Oluwatobi Akefe
- Department of Physiology, Biochemistry, and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Ezekiel Stephen Nyan
- Department of Science and Laboratory Technology, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
| | | | - Ibrahim Yusuf Lamidi
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Matthew Phillip Ameh
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Uchendu Chidiebere
- Department of Physiology, Biochemistry, and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | | | - Itopa Etudaye Ajayi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, National Open University of Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria
- Corresponding author.
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Li JF, Hu WY, Chang HX, Bao JH, Kong XX, Ma H, Li YF. Astrocytes underlie a faster-onset antidepressant effect of hypidone hydrochloride (YL-0919). Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1175938. [PMID: 37063256 PMCID: PMC10090319 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1175938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Major depression disorder (MDD) is a common and potentially life-threatening mental illness; however, data on its pathogenesis and effective therapeutic measures are lacking. Pathological changes in astrocytes play a pivotal role in MDD. While hypidone hydrochloride (YL-0919), an independently developed antidepressant, has shown rapid action with low side effects, its underlying astrocyte-specific mechanisms remain unclear.Methods: In our study, mice were exposed to chronic restraint stress (CRS) for 14 days or concomitantly administered YL-0919/fluoxetine. Behavioral tests were applied to evaluate the depression model; immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry staining were used to explore morphological changes in astrocytes; astrocyte-specific RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis was performed to capture transcriptome wide alterations; and ATP and oxygen consumption rate (OCR) levels of primary astrocytes were measured, followed by YL-0919 incubation to appraise the alteration of energy metabolism and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS).Results: YL-0919 alleviated CRS-induced depressive-like behaviors faster than fluoxetine and attenuated the number and morphologic deficits in the astrocytes of depressed mice. The changes of gene expression profile in astrocytes after CRS were partially reversed by YL-0919. Moreover, YL-0919 improved astrocyte energy metabolism and mitochondrial OXPHOS in astrocytes.Conclusion: Our results provide evidence that YL-0919 exerted a faster-onset antidepressant effect on CRS-mice possibly via astrocyte structural remodeling and mitochondria functional restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Feng Li
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Yu Hu
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Hai-Xia Chang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Jin-Hao Bao
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang-Xi Kong
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiang-Xi Kong, ; Hui Ma, ; Yun-Feng Li,
| | - Hui Ma
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiang-Xi Kong, ; Hui Ma, ; Yun-Feng Li,
| | - Yun-Feng Li
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiang-Xi Kong, ; Hui Ma, ; Yun-Feng Li,
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Lei H, Shu H, Xiong R, He T, Lv J, Liu J, Pi G, Ke D, Wang Q, Yang X, Wang JZ, Yang Y. Poststress social isolation exerts anxiolytic effects by activating the ventral dentate gyrus. Neurobiol Stress 2023; 24:100537. [PMID: 37081927 PMCID: PMC10112178 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2023.100537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
After aversive stress, people either choose to return to their previously familiar social environment or tend to adopt temporary social withdrawal to buffer negative emotions. However, which behavior intervention is more appropriate and when remain elusive. Here, we unexpectedly found that stressed mice experiencing social isolation exhibited less anxiety than those experiencing social contact. Within the first 24 h after returning to their previous social environment, mice experienced acute restraint stress (ARS) displayed low social interest but simultaneously received excessive social disturbance from their cage mates, indicating a critical time window for social isolation to balance the conflict. To screen brain regions that were differentially activated between the poststress social isolation and poststress social contact groups, we performed ΔFosB immunostaining and found that ΔFosB + signals were remarkably increased in the vDG of poststress social isolation group compared with poststress social contact group. There were no significant differences between the two groups in the other anxiety- and social-related brain regions, such as prelimbic cortex, infralimbic cortex, nucleus accumbens, etc. These data indicate that vDG is closely related to the differential phenotypes between the poststress social isolation and poststress social contact groups. Electrophysiological recording, further, revealed a higher activity of vDG in the poststress social isolation group than the poststress social contact group. Chemogenetically inhibiting vDG excitatory neurons within the first 24 h after ARS completely abolished the anxiolytic effects of poststress social isolation, while stimulating vDG excitatory neurons remarkably reduced anxiety-like behaviors in the poststress social contact group. Together, these data suggest that the activity of vDG excitatory neurons is essential and sufficient to govern the anxiolytic effect of poststress social isolation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to uncover a beneficial role of temporal social isolation in acute stress-induced anxiety. In addition to the critical 24-h time window, activation of vDG is crucial for ameliorating anxiety through poststress social isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyang Lei
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Huaqing Shu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Rui Xiong
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ting He
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jingru Lv
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jiale Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Guilin Pi
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Dan Ke
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xifei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 8 Longyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jian-Zhi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Corresponding author.
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Si L, Xiao L, Xie Y, Xu H, Yuan G, Xu W, Wang G. Social isolation after chronic unpredictable mild stress perpetuates depressive-like behaviors, memory deficits and social withdrawal via inhibiting ERK/KEAP1/NRF2 signaling. J Affect Disord 2023; 324:576-588. [PMID: 36584714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.12.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social withdrawal in patients with depression can aggravate depressive symptoms. However, few studies focus on the behavioral changes of social isolation after CUMS. NRF2 had been reported to be down-regulated after CUMS. But whether NRF2 participates in behavioral changes induced by social isolation after CUMS remains unclear. This study aims to develop a new model combined social isolation with CUMS, and investigate whether such behavioral changes are related to NRF2 signaling. METHODS This study included two stages. In Stage 1, rats were subjected to 4-week CUMS and CUMS-susceptible rats were selected. In Stage 2, the CUMS-susceptible rats received 4-week social isolation or social support. Behavioral tests were carried out to observe behavioral changes, including sucrose preference test, forced swimming test, open field test, novel object recognition and social interaction test. QRT-PCR, western blot and immunofluorescence staining detected the ERK/KEAP1/NRF2 signaling. RESULTS CUMS-susceptible rats exhibited depressive-like behaviors accompanied by the down-regulated ERK/KEAP1/NRF2 signaling in hippocampus. In Stage 2, compared with 4-week social support (group CUMSG), 4-week social isolation (group CUMSI) perpetuated the depressive-like behaviors, memory deficits and social withdrawal in CUMS-susceptible rats, as well as lower levels of p-ERK, NRF2, p-NRF2, HO-1 and NQO1, and the higher levels of KEAP1 in hippocampus. CONCLUSION These findings suggested that social isolation after CUMS perpetuated depressive-like behaviors, memory deficits and social withdrawal via inhibiting ERK/KEAP1/NRF2 signaling. This study provided molecular evidence for the effects of post-stress social isolation on mental health, and the antioxidant stress signaling might be a target to rescue these.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujia Si
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ling Xiao
- Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Neuropsychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinping Xie
- Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Neuropsychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohao Yuan
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqian Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaohua Wang
- Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Neuropsychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China; Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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PET imaging of animal models with depressive-like phenotypes. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2023; 50:1564-1584. [PMID: 36642759 PMCID: PMC10119194 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-022-06073-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder is a growing and poorly understood pathology. Due to technical and ethical limitations, a significant proportion of the research on depressive disorders cannot be performed on patients, but needs to be investigated in animal paradigms. Over the years, animal studies have provided new insight in the mechanisms underlying depression. Several of these studies have used PET imaging for the non-invasive and longitudinal investigation of the brain physiology. This review summarises the findings of preclinical PET imaging in different experimental paradigms of depression and compares these findings with observations from human studies. Preclinical PET studies in animal models of depression can be divided into three main different approaches: (a) investigation of glucose metabolism as a biomarker for regional and network involvement, (b) evaluation of the availability of different neuroreceptor populations associated with depressive phenotypes, and (c) monitoring of the inflammatory response in phenotypes of depression. This review also assesses the relevance of the use of PET imaging techniques in animal paradigms for the understanding of specific aspects of the depressive-like phenotypes, in particular whether it might contribute to achieve a more detailed characterisation of the clinical depressive phenotypes for the development of new therapies for depression.
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84
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Kurilova E, Sidorova M, Tuchina O. Single Prolonged Stress Decreases the Level of Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis in C57BL/6, but Not in House Mice. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:524-537. [PMID: 36661521 PMCID: PMC9857367 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Many people experience traumatic events during their lives, but not all of them develop severe mental pathologies, characterized by high levels of anxiety that persists for more than a month after psychological trauma, such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We used a single prolonged stress protocol in order to model PTSD in long-inbred C57BL/6 and wild-derived (house) female mice. The susceptibility of mice to single prolonged stress was assessed by behavior phenotyping in the Open Field and Elevated Plus Maze, the level of neuroinflammation in the hippocampus was estimated by real-time PCR to TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, Iba1 and GFAP, as well as immunohistochemical analysis of microglial morphology and mean fluorescence intensity for GFAP+ cells. The level of neurogenesis was analyzed by real-time PCR to Ki67, Sox2 and DCX as well as immunohistochemistry to Ki67. We showed that long-inbread C57BL/6 mice are more susceptible to a single prolonged stress protocol compared to wild-derived (house) mice. Stressed C57BL/6 mice demonstrated elevated expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the hippocampus, while in house mice no differences in cytokine expression were detected. Expression levels of Iba1 in the hippocampus did not change significantly after single prolonged stress, however GFAP expression increased substantially in stressed C57BL/6 mice. The number of Iba+ cells in the dentate gyrus also did not change after stress, but the morphology of Iba+ microglia in C57BL/6 animals allowed us to suggest that it was activated; house mice also had significantly more microglia than C57BL/6 animals. We suppose that decreased microglia levels in the hippocampus of C57BL/6 compared to house mice might be one of the reasons for their sensitivity to a single prolonged stress. Single prolonged stress reduced the number of Ki67+ proliferating cells in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus but only in C57BL/6 mice, not in house mice, with the majority of cells detected in the dorsal (septal) hippocampus in both. The increase in the expression level of DCX might be a compensatory reaction to stress; however, it does not necessarily mean that these immature neurons will be functionally integrated, and this issue needs to be investigated further.
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85
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Vasenina EE. [Gender characteristics of anxiety disorders]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2023; 123:48-53. [PMID: 37966439 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202312310148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Anxiety and depression are an extremely significant issue of the modern society. According to the epidemiological data, the development of various affective syndromes shows gender-related differences. For example, clinically significant anxiety occurs 2.5 times more often in women than in men. Anxiety disorders in women are characterized by less favorable course, a tendency to relapses and chronification, and also by poor clinical response to therapy. Taking gender differences into account, a significant role of reproductive hormones may be assumed in development of both affective disorders and the features of the course of the disease. In this review we discuss various effects of testosterone, estrogens that can influence development risks of anxiety and depression, as well as possibly influence therapeutic choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- E E Vasenina
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
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86
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Kip E, Parr-Brownlie LC. Healthy lifestyles and wellbeing reduce neuroinflammation and prevent neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1092537. [PMID: 36875655 PMCID: PMC9975355 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1092537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the mid-20th century, Western societies have considered productivity and economic outcomes are more important than focusing on people's health and wellbeing. This focus has created lifestyles with high stress levels, associated with overconsumption of unhealthy foods and little exercise, which negatively affect people's lives, and subsequently lead to the development of pathologies, including neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. Prioritizing a healthy lifestyle to maintain wellbeing may slow the onset or reduce the severity of pathologies. It is a win-win for everyone; for societies and for individuals. A balanced lifestyle is increasingly being adopted globally, with many doctors encouraging meditation and prescribing non-pharmaceutical interventions to treat depression. In psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, the inflammatory response system of the brain (neuroinflammation) is activated. Many risks factors are now known to be linked to neuroinflammation such as stress, pollution, and a high saturated and trans fat diet. On the other hand, many studies have linked healthy habits and anti-inflammatory products with lower levels of neuroinflammation and a reduced risk of neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. Sharing risk and protective factors is critical so that individuals can make informed choices that promote positive aging throughout their lifespan. Most strategies to manage neurodegenerative diseases are palliative because neurodegeneration has been progressing silently for decades before symptoms appear. Here, we focus on preventing neurodegenerative diseases by adopting an integrated "healthy" lifestyle approach. This review summarizes the role of neuroinflammation on risk and protective factors of neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Kip
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brain Health Research Centre, Brain Research New Zealand, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Louise C Parr-Brownlie
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brain Health Research Centre, Brain Research New Zealand, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Hansson C, Zetterberg H, Snellman A, Blennow K, Jonsdottir IH. Biomarkers of brain injury in patients with stress-related exhaustion: A longitudinal study. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2022; 146:105929. [PMID: 36174450 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Exhaustion Disorder (ED) is a stress-induced disorder, characterized by extreme fatigue, cognitive impairments, and intolerance to stress. These symptoms can be long-lasting, suggesting that the long-term stress may have initiated pathophysiological processes in the brains of patients with ED. The aims of the study were I) to investigate if plasma levels of neurofilament light (NfL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and phosphorylated tau (p-tau181) differ between patients with ED and healthy controls, and II) to investigate if these differences persist over time. METHOD Plasma NfL, GFAP and p-tau181 were quantified in 150 patients with ED at the time of diagnosis (baseline), 149 patients at long-term follow-up (7-12 years later, median follow-up time 9 years and 5 months), and 100 healthy controls. RESULTS Plasma levels of NfL and GFAP were significantly higher in the ED group at baseline compared with controls (mean difference of NfL 0.167, 95 % CI 0.055-0.279; mean difference of GFAP 0.132, 95 % CI 0.008-0.257), while p-tau181 did not differ between the groups. Plasma levels of NfL were significantly lower in the ED group at follow-up than in the same group at baseline (mean difference -0.115, 95 % CI -0.186-(-0.045)), while plasma levels of GFAP did not differ between the groups, and plasma levels of p-tau181 were significantly higher in the ED group at follow-up than in the same group at baseline (mean difference 0.083, 95 % CI 0.016-0.151). At follow-up, there were no significant differences between the ED group and the control group for any of the proteins. CONCLUSION Plasma levels of NfL and GFAP were increased in patients with ED during the first months of the disease, indicative of axonal and glial pathophysiological processes, but had normalized at long-term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Hansson
- The Institute of Stress Medicine, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London, London, UK; Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong
| | - Anniina Snellman
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ingibjörg H Jonsdottir
- The Institute of Stress Medicine, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden; School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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McCaffrey D, Lawther AJ, Weickert CS, Walker AK. Cancer activates microglia to the same extent as chronic stress throughout stress neurocircuitry in a mouse model of breast cancer. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2022; 146:105938. [PMID: 36174451 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of stress-related comorbidities is increased approximately 3-fold in cancer patients compared to the general population. There is a scarcity of research focusing on the biological brain changes caused by the cancer due to the assumption that psychological symptoms are solely caused by the stress of a cancer diagnosis. Recent clinical evidence indicates that declines in cognition and increases in mood symptoms occur prior to an individual receiving a cancer diagnosis, suggesting that the cancer itself may play a role in mediating biological brain change. Furthermore, the presence of a tumour may change the brain response to environmental stressors unrelated to a cancer diagnosis. Using a syngeneic, orthotopic mouse model of breast cancer, we compared the impact of mammary tumours and chronic restraint stress on microglial and astrocytic activation throughout stress-relevant neurocircuitry. We also examined whether changes in microglial and astrocytic activation overlapped with changes in chronic neuronal activity. We show that cancer and chronic restraint stress activates microglia to the same magnitude in the same subcortical brain regions, and that this activation correlates with stress coping behaviours. The findings suggest that in some cancer patients, microglia may be activated in brain regions involved in interpreting and responding to psychological distress before they are aware of their diagnosis. In contrast, cancer reduced astrocyte reactivity in two cortical brain regions where there were no clear changes in response to chronic restraint stress. Taken together, it is likely that interventions that aim to improve anxiety and stress in cancer patients by targeting glial responses to cancer would need to be cell-specific; reducing microglial activation and/or stimulating astrocytic activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delyse McCaffrey
- Laboratory of ImmunoPsychiatry, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia; Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Adam J Lawther
- Laboratory of ImmunoPsychiatry, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Cynthia Shannon Weickert
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Neuroscience & Physiology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Adam K Walker
- Laboratory of ImmunoPsychiatry, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia; Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia.
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89
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Stone TW, Clanchy FIL, Huang YS, Chiang NY, Darlington LG, Williams RO. An integrated cytokine and kynurenine network as the basis of neuroimmune communication. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1002004. [PMID: 36507331 PMCID: PMC9729788 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1002004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Two of the molecular families closely associated with mediating communication between the brain and immune system are cytokines and the kynurenine metabolites of tryptophan. Both groups regulate neuron and glial activity in the central nervous system (CNS) and leukocyte function in the immune system, although neither group alone completely explains neuroimmune function, disease occurrence or severity. This essay suggests that the two families perform complementary functions generating an integrated network. The kynurenine pathway determines overall neuronal excitability and plasticity by modulating glutamate receptors and GPR35 activity across the CNS, and regulates general features of immune cell status, surveillance and tolerance which often involves the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AHR). Equally, cytokines and chemokines define and regulate specific populations of neurons, glia or immune system leukocytes, generating more specific responses within restricted CNS regions or leukocyte populations. In addition, as there is a much larger variety of these compounds, their homing properties enable the superimposition of dynamic variations of cell activity upon local, spatially limited, cell populations. This would in principle allow the targeting of potential treatments to restricted regions of the CNS. The proposed synergistic interface of 'tonic' kynurenine pathway affecting baseline activity and the superimposed 'phasic' cytokine system would constitute an integrated network explaining some features of neuroimmune communication. The concept would broaden the scope for the development of new treatments for disorders involving both the CNS and immune systems, with safer and more effective agents targeted to specific CNS regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor W. Stone
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Trevor W. Stone,
| | - Felix I. L. Clanchy
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yi-Shu Huang
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nien-Yi Chiang
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - L. Gail Darlington
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ashtead Hospital, Ashtead, United Kingdom
| | - Richard O. Williams
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Li G, Guan Y, Gu Y, Guo M, Ma W, Shao Q, Liu J, Ji X. Intermittent hypoxic conditioning restores neurological dysfunction of mice induced by long-term hypoxia. CNS Neurosci Ther 2022; 29:202-215. [PMID: 36401601 PMCID: PMC9804074 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Central nervous system diseases are associated with hypoxia, which usually cause irreversible nerve damage, but the underlying mechanism is unclear and effective intervention strategies are lacking. This study was designed to explore the mechanism and treatment strategy of hypoxia-induced nerve injury. METHODS In this study, 13% O2 was used to treat mice for 0, 1, 3 7, and 14 days, Morris water maze and other animal behavior experiments were used to evaluate the neurological function of mice. TUNEL, BrdU, PCNA, DCX, and SOX2 staining were used to observe the apoptosis and proliferation of mouse neurons. RT-PCR and Iba1 staining were used to evaluate the release of inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α and the activation of microglia. RESULTS Short-term hypoxia promotes neurogenesis, while long-term hypoxia inhibits neurogenesis. The changes in hypoxia-induced neurogenesis were positively correlated with neurological functions, but negatively correlated with apoptosis. Moreover, intermittent hypoxic conditioning restored long-term hypoxia-induced neurological dysfunction by promoting neural stem cell generation and inhibiting the release of inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α and the activation of microglia. CONCLUSION Hypoxia promoted neurogenesis in a time-dependent manner, and intermittent hypoxic conditioning exerted a neuroprotective effect through promoting neural stem cell generation and suppressing inflammation induced by long-term hypoxia stress, which provided a novel concept to develop a treatment for hypoxia-related brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaifen Li
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data‐based Precision MedicineCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina,Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yuying Guan
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data‐based Precision MedicineCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina,Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yakun Gu
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data‐based Precision MedicineCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Mengyuan Guo
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data‐based Precision MedicineCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Wei Ma
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data‐based Precision MedicineCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Qianqian Shao
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data‐based Precision MedicineCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jia Liu
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data‐based Precision MedicineCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xunming Ji
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data‐based Precision MedicineCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina,Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
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91
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García-Gómez L, Castillo-Fernández I, Perez-Villalba A. In the pursuit of new social neurons. Neurogenesis and social behavior in mice: A systematic review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1011657. [PMID: 36407114 PMCID: PMC9672322 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1011657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Social behaviors have become more relevant to our understanding of the human nervous system because relationships with our peers may require and modulate adult neurogenesis. Here, we review the pieces of evidence we have to date for the divergence of social behaviors in mice by modulation of adult neurogenesis or if social behaviors and the social environment can drive a change in neurogenic processes. Social recognition and memory are deeply affected by antimitotic drugs and irradiation, while NSC transgenic mice may run with lower levels of social discrimination. Interestingly, social living conditions can create a big impact on neurogenesis. Social isolation and social defeat reduce the number of new neurons, while social dominance and enrichment of the social environment increase their number. These new “social neurons” trigger functional modifications with amazing transgenerational effects. All of these suggest that we are facing two bidirectional intertwined variables, and the great challenge now is to understand the cellular and genetic mechanisms that allow this relationship to be used therapeutically.
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92
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Drinkwater E, Davies C, Spires-Jones TL. Potential neurobiological links between social isolation and Alzheimer's disease risk. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:5397-5412. [PMID: 34184343 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
It is estimated that 40% of dementia cases could be prevented by modification of lifestyle factors that associate with disease risk. One of these potentially modifiable lifestyle factors is social isolation. In this review, we discuss what is known about associations between social isolation and Alzheimer's disease, the most common cause of dementia. This is particularly relevant in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic when social isolation has been enforced with potential emerging negative impacts on cognition. While there are neurobiological mechanisms emerging that may account for the observed epidemiological associations between social isolation and Alzheimer's disease, more fundamental research is needed to fully understand the brain changes induced by isolation that may make people vulnerable to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Caitlin Davies
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Translational Neuroscience PhD Programme, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tara L Spires-Jones
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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93
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Wang Y, Hu Z, Liu H, Gu Y, Ye M, Lu Q, Lu X, Huang C. Adolescent microglia stimulation produces long-lasting protection against chronic stress-induced behavioral abnormalities in adult male mice. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 105:44-66. [PMID: 35781008 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies had reported that microglia activation one day before stress exposure prevented the behavioral abnormalities induced by chronic stress in adult mice, and a 10-day interval between microglia stimulation and stress exposure can abolish the prophylactic effect of LPS preinjection on the behavioral abnormalities induced by chronic stress, which, however, could be rescued by repeated LPS injection. This suggests that increased stimulation of microglia results in animals developing a strong ability to prevent deleterious stress stimuli. Because microglia in the adolescent brain exhibit flexible immunological plasticity, we hypothesize that a single low-dose LPS injection during adolescence may provide long-lasting protection against behavioral abnormalities induced by chronic stress in adult mice. As expected, our results showed that a single injection of LPS (100 μg/kg) at post-natal day 28 (PND 28) prevented the development of abnormal behaviors and shifted neuroinflammatory responses toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype in adult mice treated with CSDS at their different stages of the age (PND 56, 140, and 252). Moreover, pretreatment with minocycline or PLX3397 to inhibit microglial activation abolished the prophylactic effect of LPS preinjection after PND 28 on behavioral abnormalities and neuroinflammatory responses induced by CSDS in adult mice at their different stages of the age, PND 56, 140, and 252. These results indicate that stimulation of microglia in adolescence may confer long-lasting protection against neuroinflammatory responses and behavioral abnormalities induced by chronic stress in adult mice. This may offer the potential for the development of a "vaccine-like strategy" to prevent mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, #19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhichao Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, #19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huijun Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Yancheng First Hospital, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, #66 Renmin South Road, Yancheng 224006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Gu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, #19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Minxiu Ye
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, #19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qun Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nantong Third Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, #60 Middle Qingnian Road, Nantong 226006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, #19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, #19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China.
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94
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Dong X, Huang R. Ferulic acid: An extraordinarily neuroprotective phenolic acid with anti-depressive properties. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 105:154355. [PMID: 35908520 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression, one of the most common mental illnesses and mood disorder syndromes, can seriously harm physical and mental health. As the pathophysiology of depression remains unclear, there is a need to find novel therapeutic agents. Ferulic acid (FA), a phenolic compound found in various Chinese herbal medicines, has anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenging properties as well as a wide range of therapeutic effects against depression. PURPOSE In this review, we appraised preclinical research to fully discuss the anti-depression capacity of FA and discussed FAs' holistic characteristics that can contribute to better management of depression. STUDY DESIGN We reviewed the results of in vitro and in vivo experiments using FA to treat depression and explored the possible antidepressant pharmacological mechanisms of FA for the clinical treatment of depression. METHODS Electronic databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure, were searched from the beginning of the database creation to December 2021. RESULTS Studies on the antidepressant effects of FA show that it may exert such effects through various mechanisms. These include the following: the regulation of monoamine and non-monoamine neurotransmitter levels, inhibition of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hyperfunction and neuroinflammation, promotion of hippocampal neurogenesis and upregulation brain-derived neurotrophic factor level, neuroprotection (inhibition of neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis), and downregulation of oxidative stress. CONCLUSION Preclinical studies on the antidepressant effects of FA were reviewed in this study, and research on the antidepressant mechanisms of FA was summarized, confirming that FA can exert antidepressant effects through various pharmacological mechanisms. However, more multicenter clinical case-control studies are needed to confirm the clinical efficacy of FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Dong
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning PR China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning PR China.
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95
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Han QQ, Shen SY, Chen XR, Pilot A, Liang LF, Zhang JR, Li WH, Fu Y, Le JM, Chen PQ, Yu J. Minocycline alleviates abnormal microglial phagocytosis of synapses in a mouse model of depression. Neuropharmacology 2022; 220:109249. [PMID: 36115588 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As antidepressants commonly used in the clinic have proved to be problematic, it is urgent to gain an updated understanding of the pathogenesis of depression and find potential therapeutic targets. Since both functional brain imaging studies and autopsy reports indicated that there is indeed a loss of synapses in depressed patients, it is necessary to explore the mechanism of this process. METHODS We firstly investigated the effect of chronic social defeat stress (CSDS), a mouse model of depression, on behaviors, synapses, microglia, and microglial phagocytosis of synapses in mice. Then, as it is unclear whether microglial phagocytosis leads to synaptic loss, or synaptic loss induces the microglial clearance in CSDS mice, we used minocycline, a microglial activation inhibitor, to inhibit the microglial phagocytosis of synapses and study its effect on synapses and behaviors in CSDS mice. RESULTS Our results showed that the expression levels of PSD-95 in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) of CSDS mice were significantly reduced, while the microglia were significantly activated and the Iba1+CD68+ cell (phagocytic microglia) density was increased. We co-labeled the synaptic protein PSD-95 with the microglia marker Iba1 and found that the microglia in the hippocampal DG of CSDS mice contained significantly more PSD-95 engulfed puncta, which revealed that microglia in CSDS mice abnormally phagocytized synapses. Moreover, our results indicated that minocycline treatment dampened microglial activation, decreased the phagocytic microglia density, reduced abnormal microglial phagocytosis of synapses, reversed synaptic loss, and alleviated behavioral impairment in CSDS mice. CONCLUSIONS Under depressive pathological conditions, the activated microglia may abnormally engulf neuronal synapses causing synaptic loss and behavioral impairments. Thus, microglial phagocytosis may be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Qin Han
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, 201318, China; Center for Clinical and Translational Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China.
| | - Shi-Yu Shen
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiao-Rong Chen
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China.
| | - Adam Pilot
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ling-Feng Liang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jia-Rui Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wen-Hui Li
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Yi Fu
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Jia-Mei Le
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Pei-Qing Chen
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Jin Yu
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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96
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Liu H, Yang Z, Yu C, Dong H, Wang S, Wang G, Wang D. Tau aggravates stress-induced anxiety by inhibiting adult ventral hippocampal neurogenesis in mice. Cereb Cortex 2022; 33:3853-3865. [PMID: 36047921 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ventral adult hippocampal neurogenesis may be a key factor in determining individual levels of vulnerability to stress and related psychiatric disorders. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we show that the expression of Tau and Tau isoforms is markedly increased in the ventral dentate gyrus (vDG) after social defeat stress in young adult mice. Furthermore, glycogen synthase kinase-3β and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II-α activity and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II-β upregulation substantially promote Tau phosphorylation, which disrupts the dendritic structural plasticity of granule cells in the vDG of the hippocampus, and this action is necessary and sufficient for the stress response. In addition, Tau substantially inhibits the proliferation of newborn neurons in the vDG by regulating the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway in a mouse model of social defeat stress. Taken together, our findings reveal a novel mechanism by which Tau exacerbates stress responses and anxiety-related behavior by inhibiting the proliferation and maturation of hippocampal vDG neurons, providing a potential molecular target for the treatment of anxiety-like behavior induced by stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Chunyan Yu
- Laboratory of Omics Technology and Bioinformatics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Hao Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Shiyan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Denian Wang
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotheraoy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
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97
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Liu Q, Zhang J, Xiao C, Su D, Li L, Yang C, Zhao Z, Jiang W, You Z, Zhou T. Akebia saponin D protects hippocampal neurogenesis from microglia-mediated inflammation and ameliorates depressive-like behaviors and cognitive impairment in mice through the PI3K-Akt pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:927419. [PMID: 36110522 PMCID: PMC9468712 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.927419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the ability of akebia saponin D (ASD) to protect various types of stem cells, in the present study, we hypothesized that ASD could promote the proliferation, differentiation, and survival of neural stem/precursor cells (NSPCs), even in a microglia-mediated inflammatory environment, thereby mitigating inflammation-related neuropsychopathology. We established a mouse model of chronic neuroinflammation by exposing animals to low-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 0.25 mg/kg/d) for 14 days. The results showed that chronic exposure to LPS strikingly reduced hippocampal levels of PI3K and pAkt and neurogenesis in mice. In the presen of a microglia-mediated inflammatory niche, the PI3K-Akt signaling in cultured NSPCs was inhibited, promoting their apoptosis and differentiation into astrocytes, while decreasing neurogenesis. Conversely, ASD strongly increased the levels of PI3K and pAkt and stimulated NSPC proliferation, survival and neuronal differentiation in the microglia-mediated inflammatory niche in vitro and in vivo. ASD also restored the synaptic function of hippocampal neurons and ameliorated depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors and cognitive impairment in mice chronically exposed to LPS. The results from network pharmacology analysis showed that the PI3K-AKT pathway is one of the targets of ASD to against major depressive disorder (MDD), anxiety and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). And the results from molecular docking based on computer modeling showed that ASD is bound to the interaction interface of the PI3K and AKT. The PI3K-Akt inhibitor LY294002 blocked the therapeutic effects of ASD in vitro and in vivo. These results suggested that ASD protects NSPCs from the microglia-mediated inflammatory niche, promoting their proliferation, survival and neuronal differentiation, as well as ameliorating depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors and cognitive impairment by activating the PI3K-AKT pathway. Our work suggests the potential of ASD for treating Alzheimer’s disease, depression and other cognitive disorders involving impaired neurogenesis by microglia-mediated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Liu
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Jinqiang Zhang
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Jinqiang Zhang, Tao Zhou,
| | - Chenghong Xiao
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Dapeng Su
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Liangyuan Li
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Changgui Yang
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhihuang Zhao
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Weike Jiang
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Zili You
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Jinqiang Zhang, Tao Zhou,
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98
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Zhou Z, Zhou J, Liao J, Chen Z, Zheng Y. The Emerging Role of Astrocytic Autophagy in Central Nervous System Disorders. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:3697-3708. [PMID: 35960484 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03714-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Astrocytes act as "housekeeping cells" for maintaining cerebral homeostasis and play an important role in many disorders. Recent studies further highlight the contribution of autophagy to astrocytic functions, including astrogenesis, the astrocytic removal of neurotoxins or stressors, and astrocytic polarization. More importantly, genetic and pharmacological approaches have provided evidence that outlines the contributions of astrocytic autophagy to several brain disorders, including neurodegeneration, cerebral ischemia, and depression. In this study, we summarize the emerging role of autophagy in regulating astrocytic functions and discuss the contributions of astrocytic autophagy to different CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuchen Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Liao
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanrong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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99
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Influence of acute and unpredictable chronic stress on spatio-temporal dynamics of exploratory activity in zebrafish with emphasis on homebase-related behaviors. Behav Brain Res 2022; 435:114034. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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100
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Li H, Tofigh AM, Amirfakhraei A, Chen X, Tajik M, Xu D, Motevalli S. Modulation of astrocyte activity and improvement of oxidative stress through blockage of NO/NMDAR pathway improve posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)-like behavior induced by social isolation stress. Brain Behav 2022; 12:e2620. [PMID: 35605060 PMCID: PMC9304825 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been well documented that social isolation stress (SIS) can induce posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)-like behavior in rodents, however, the underlying mechanism is remained misunderstood. In the current study, we aimed to elucidate the role of NO/NMDAR pathway in PTSD-like behavior through modulating of astrocyte activity and improvement of oxidative stress. METHODS Male NMRI mice were used to evaluate the memory function by using Morris water maze (MWM) and fear memory extinction by using freezing response. We used MK-801 (NMDAR-antagonist), L-NNA (NOS-inhibitor), NMDA (NMDAR-agonist), and L-arginine (NO-agent) to find a proper treatment. Also, immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR, and oxidative stress assays were used to evaluate the levels of astrocytes and oxidative stress. We used five mice in each experimental task. RESULTS Our results revealed that SIS could induce learning and memory dysfunction as well as impairment of fear memory extinction in MWM and freezing response tests, respectively. Also, we observed that combined treatment including blockage of NOS (by L-NNA, 0.5 mg/kg) and NMDAR (by MK-801, 0.001 mg/kg) at subeffective doses could result in improvement of both memory and fear memory. In addition, we observed that SIS significantly increases the GFAP expression and astrocyte activity, which results in significant imbalance in oxidative stress. Coadministration of MK-801 and L-NNA at subeffective doses not only decreases the expression of GFAP, but also regulates the oxidative stress imbalance CONCLUSION: Based on these results, it could be hypothesized that blockage of NO/NMDAR pathway might be a novel treatment for PTSD-like behavior in animals by inhibiting the astrocyte and regulating oxidative stress level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Li
- Department of Neurology, 3201 Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Hanzhong, China
| | - Arash Mohammadi Tofigh
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azita Amirfakhraei
- Department of Psychology, Bandar Abbas Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Xuan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 78th Group Army Hospital of Chinese PLA, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Michael Tajik
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Dongwei Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 78th Group Army Hospital of Chinese PLA, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Saeid Motevalli
- Faculty of Social Sciences & Liberal Arts, Department of Psychology, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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