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Goodman AM, Allendorfer JB, LaFrance WC, Szaflarski JP. Precentral gyrus and insula responses to stress vary with duration to diagnosis in functional seizures. Epilepsia 2022; 63:865-879. [PMID: 35112346 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to determine whether undiagnosed illness duration (time between functional seizures [FS] onset and diagnosis) is linked to differences in neural response and functional connectivity during processing of stressful experiences. METHODS Forty-nine participants with traumatic brain injury preceding the onset of FS confirmed by video-electroencephalography were recruited prospectively. Participants completed psychiatric symptom assessments before undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with an acute psychosocial stress task. Linear mixed effects (LME) analyses identified significant interactions between the factors of group (early vs. delayed diagnosis) and time lag to diagnosis on neural responses to stressful math performance and auditory feedback (corrected α = .05). Functional connectivity analysis utilized clusters from initial LME analyses as seed regions to determine significant interactions between these factors on network functional connectivity. RESULTS Demographic and psychiatric symptom measures were similar between early (n = 25) and delayed (n = 24) groups. Responses to stressful math performance within the left anterior insula and functional connectivity between the anterior insula seed region and a precentral gyrus cluster were significantly negatively correlated with time lag to diagnosis for the early but not the delayed FS diagnosis group. There was no correlation between fMRI findings and psychiatric symptoms. SIGNIFICANCE This study indicates that aberrant left anterior insula activation and its functional connectivity to the precentral gyrus underlie differences in processing of stressful experiences in patients with delayed FS diagnosis. Follow-up comparisons suggest changes are associated with undiagnosed illness duration rather than psychiatric comorbidities and indicate a potential mechanistic association between neuropathophysiology, response to stressful experiences, and functional neuroanatomy in FS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Goodman
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | | | - W Curt LaFrance
- Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
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52
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Li CQ, Ge QM, Shu HY, Liao XL, Pan YC, Wu JL, Su T, Zhang LJ, Liang RB, Shao Y, Zeng EM. Investigation of Altered Spontaneous Brain Activities in Patients With Moyamoya Disease Using Percent Amplitude of Fluctuation Method: A Resting-State Functional MRI Study. Front Neurol 2022; 12:801029. [PMID: 35002939 PMCID: PMC8740316 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.801029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a chronic progressive cerebrovascular abnormality characterized by chronic occlusion of large intracranial vessels with smoky vascular development at the base of the skull. In patients with MMD, abnormal spontaneous brain activity would be expected. Purpose: To assess the brain activity changes in patients with MMD by resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI), using the percent amplitude of fluctuation (PerAF) analysis method. Materials and Methods: A total of 17 patients with MMD (3 males and 14 females) and 17 healthy control (HC) subjects with matched gender and age were recruited for this study. We used rs-fMRI to scan all the patients with MMD. Spontaneous neural activity was evaluated using the PerAF approach. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess the ability of the PerAF to distinguish patients with MMD from HCs. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) tests were performed to assess the emotional status of patients with MMD and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) was measured using high-resolution optical coherence tomography (hr-OCT). The relationship between the HADS scores, RNFLT values, and the PerAF signals was assessed using the Pearson's correlation analysis. Results: Compared with HCs, the PerAF signals in patients with MMD were decreased in the Frontal_Sup_Medial_R and Precentral_L, whereas those in the Caudate_L were increased. The areas under the ROC curves indicated that signals in these brain regions could distinguish between patients with MMD and HCs. The PerAF value of Frontal_Sup_Medial_R was positively correlated with the left and right eye RNFLT values and negatively correlated with the HADS scores. Conclusion: In patients with MMD, reduced PerAF signals in the Frontal_Sup_Medial_R, Precentral_L, and Caudate_L may be associated with psychiatric diseases including anxiety and depression and decreased RNFLT may be associated with ophthalmic complications due to the compression of terminal branches of the internal carotid artery in the retinal fiber layer. The PerAF can be used as an effective indicator of ocular complications of MMD and to study the neural mechanism underpinning emotional complications in patients with MMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Qi Li
- Department of Neurosurgery and Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,The First Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qian-Min Ge
- Department of Neurosurgery and Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hui-Ye Shu
- Department of Neurosurgery and Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xu-Lin Liao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yi-Cong Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jie-Li Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University School of Medicine, Xiamen, China
| | - Ting Su
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University School of Medicine, Xiamen, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Li-Juan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Rong-Bin Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yi Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery and Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Er-Ming Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery and Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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53
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Sex-specific neural responses to acute psychosocial stress in depression. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:2. [PMID: 35013110 PMCID: PMC8748634 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01768-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is characterized by increased stress sensitivity. Emerging findings in healthy adults suggest that stress responses within limbic/striatal-prefrontal regions are moderated by sex and unfold over time. Thus, we hypothesized that stress response abnormalities in MDD might be affected by sex and stress exposure time. The Montreal Imaging Stress Task was administered to 124 unmedicated patients with first-episode MDD (76 females) and 243 healthy controls (HC; 137 females) during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Based on prior studies, amygdala, hippocampus, medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC), nucleus accumbens (NAc) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) were selected as a priori regions of interest. In a complementary approach, we probed the effects of stress on the frontoparietal network (FPN) and a network including the amygdala, NAc and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Across groups, males exhibited higher dlPFC activity and right FPN amplitude than females. Relative to female HCs, the female MDD group had less deactivation in limbic/striatal regions (amygdala, NAc, hippocampus, Amygdala-NAc-ACC network). Furthermore, unlike female HCs, the female MDD group failed to show a significant increase of deactivation over stress exposure time in the amygdala, mOFC and NAc. Our findings confirm the importance of considering sex differences when investigating neural stress responses. Case-control differences in neural stress responses observed in females (but not males) provide insights into sex differences in the etiology and pathophysiology of depression. The failure to deactivate limbic/NAc regions in depressed females point to dysfunction of adaptive stress responses over stress exposure time.
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54
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Davies C, Appiah-Kusi E, Wilson R, Blest-Hopley G, Bossong MG, Valmaggia L, Brammer M, Perez J, Allen P, Murray RM, McGuire P, Bhattacharyya S. Altered relationship between cortisol response to social stress and mediotemporal function during fear processing in people at clinical high risk for psychosis: a preliminary report. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 272:461-475. [PMID: 34480630 PMCID: PMC8938358 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-021-01318-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that people at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis (CHR) have a blunted cortisol response to stress and altered mediotemporal activation during fear processing, which may be neuroendocrine-neuronal signatures of maladaptive threat responses. However, whether these facets are associated with each other and how this relationship is affected by cannabidiol treatment is unknown. We examined the relationship between cortisol response to social stress and mediotemporal function during fear processing in healthy people and in CHR patients. In exploratory analyses, we investigated whether treatment with cannabidiol in CHR individuals could normalise any putative alterations in cortisol-mediotemporal coupling. 33 CHR patients were randomised to 600 mg cannabidiol or placebo treatment. Healthy controls (n = 19) did not receive any drug. Mediotemporal function was assessed using a fearful face-processing functional magnetic resonance imaging paradigm. Serum cortisol and anxiety were measured immediately following the Trier Social Stress Test. The relationship between cortisol and mediotemporal blood-oxygen-level-dependent haemodynamic response was investigated using linear regression. In healthy controls, there was a significant negative relationship between cortisol and parahippocampal activation (p = 0.023), such that the higher the cortisol levels induced by social stress, the lower the parahippocampal activation (greater deactivation) during fear processing. This relationship differed significantly between the control and placebo groups (p = 0.033), but not between the placebo and cannabidiol groups (p = 0.67). Our preliminary findings suggest that the parahippocampal response to fear processing may be associated with the neuroendocrine (cortisol) response to experimentally induced social stress, and that this relationship may be altered in patients at clinical high risk for psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathy Davies
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF UK
| | - Elizabeth Appiah-Kusi
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF UK
| | - Robin Wilson
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF UK
| | - Grace Blest-Hopley
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF UK
| | - Matthijs G. Bossong
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lucia Valmaggia
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK ,grid.37640.360000 0000 9439 0839National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Michael Brammer
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Jesus Perez
- grid.450563.10000 0004 0412 9303CAMEO Early Intervention Service, Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul Allen
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF UK ,grid.35349.380000 0001 0468 7274Department of Psychology, University of Roehampton, London, UK ,grid.416167.30000 0004 0442 1996Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, USA
| | - Robin M. Murray
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF UK
| | - Philip McGuire
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF UK ,grid.37640.360000 0000 9439 0839National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK ,grid.37640.360000 0000 9439 0839Outreach and Support in South London (OASIS) Service, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sagnik Bhattacharyya
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
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55
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Szőllősi Á, Kéri S, Racsmány M. The key to superior memory encoding under stress: the relationship between cortisol response and mnemonic discrimination. Learn Mem 2022; 29:7-15. [PMID: 34911799 PMCID: PMC8686593 DOI: 10.1101/lm.053452.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Some previous studies have shown that increased stress hormone levels have beneficial effects on memory encoding; however, there is no clear consensus on which encoding-related processes are affected by stress hormones. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between interindividual differences in neuroendocrine response to acute stress and interference resolution (i.e., mnemonic discrimination). Participants were healthy young adults who were exposed to physical and psychological stressors (Socially Evaluated Cold Pressor Test). Then participants completed the modified version of the Mnemonic Similarity Task. Specifically, they were presented with photographs of emotionally arousing (negative and positive) and nonarousing (neutral) scenes followed by a recognition memory test where they saw a mixture of old and new stimuli. Crucially, participants were also presented with critical lure items, that is, visually similar stimuli to ones presented at encoding. We found that participants who had higher cortisol response to the stressors were better in discriminating between the studied items and their visually similar lures. This effect was present for the arousing and nonarousing materials as well. These findings suggest that increased hormonal response to acute stress has a beneficial impact on the formation of distinct, nonoverlapping, unique memory representations, and consequently, on episodic memory encoding processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ágnes Szőllősi
- Department of Cognitive Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1111-Budapest, Hungary,Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117-Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Kéri
- Department of Cognitive Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1111-Budapest, Hungary,Nyíro˝ Gyula National Institute of Psychiatry and Addictions, 1135-Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mihály Racsmány
- Department of Cognitive Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1111-Budapest, Hungary,Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117-Budapest, Hungary
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56
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Murty DVPS, Song S, Morrow K, Kim J, Hu K, Pessoa L. Distributed and Multifaceted Effects of Threat and Safety. J Cogn Neurosci 2021; 34:495-516. [PMID: 34942650 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
In the present fMRI study, we examined how anxious apprehension is processed in the human brain. A central goal of the study was to test the prediction that a subset of brain regions would exhibit sustained response profiles during threat periods, including the anterior insula, a region implicated in anxiety disorders. A second important goal was to evaluate the responses in the amygdala and the bed nucleus of the stria terminals, regions that have been suggested to be involved in more transient and sustained threat, respectively. A total of 109 participants performed an experiment in which they encountered "threat" or "safe" trials lasting approximately 16 sec. During the former, they experienced zero to three highly unpleasant electrical stimulations, whereas in the latter, they experienced zero to three benign electrical stimulations (not perceived as unpleasant). The timing of the stimulation during trials was randomized, and as some trials contained no stimulation, stimulation delivery was uncertain. We contrasted responses during threat and safe trials that did not contain electrical stimulation, but only the potential that unpleasant (threat) or benign (safe) stimulation could occur. We employed Bayesian multilevel analysis to contrast responses to threat and safe trials in 85 brain regions implicated in threat processing. Our results revealed that the effect of anxious apprehension is distributed across the brain and that the temporal evolution of the responses is quite varied, including more transient and more sustained profiles, as well as signal increases and decreases with threat.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Kesong Hu
- Lake Superior State University, Sault Ste. Marie, MI
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57
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Tuovinen N, Yalcin-Siedentopf N, Welte AS, Siedentopf CM, Steiger R, Gizewski ER, Hofer A. Neurometabolite correlates with personality and stress in healthy emerging adults: A focus on sex differences. Neuroimage 2021; 247:118847. [PMID: 34954024 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Personality traits have been linked with both brain structure and function. However, the exact relationship between personality traits and other behavioural measures with neurometabolites, measured with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, is not clear. Here we investigated the association between behavioural measures (i.e., personality traits, resilience, perceived stress, self-esteem, hopelessness, psychological distress) and metabolite ratios (i.e., of choline-containing compounds [Cho], creatine and phosphocreatine [Cr], and N-acetyl-aspartate [NAA]) in the posterior cingulate cortex (pCC) and the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and surrounding white matter (WM) regions in healthy emerging adults (N = 57, 26 women, mean age=23.40 years, SD=2.50). The pCC and the dACC were selected for their known involvement as important brain network hubs and their association to five factor personality dimensions and other psychological measures. Spectral analysis as well as statistics for demographic, clinical, and imaging data were performed. Correlation and multiple regression analyses were used to test the relationship between metabolite ratios and behavioural scores in the entire sample as well as in female and male participants separately. The entire sample showed significant (p<0.05) negative correlates of stress with the NAA/Cr ratio in the pCC, and of extraversion with WM metabolite ratios. In regards of sex differences, a significantly higher NAA/Cho ratio in the pCC (p<0.05), the dACC (p<0.01), and in the left and right posterior WM matter (p<0.05), and a lower Cho/Cr ratio in the dACC (p<0.01) was detected in women. Moreover, the two sexes differed in regards of metabolite correlates of openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism, stress, hopelessness, and self-esteem, and in multiple regression model predictions. Our results point to a role of the ACC in conscientiousness through its involvement in higher-order cognitive control as part of the salience network and internally directed thoughts as part of the default mode network (DMN). Furthermore, the two sexes differ in terms of metabolite correlates of openness and conscientiousness in the pCC, suggesting mental process involvement through the DMN, and of agreeableness in the dACC, possibly through involvement in social cognitive processes, particularly in women. Additionally, our results suggest that the ACC is linked to the so-called Alpha-factor of personality. Our findings on stress correlates contribute to the existing literature of the involvement of the ACC as part of the limbic system. In addition, our results suggest a possible role of the pCC in stress-regulatory processes through a possible co-involvement of stress, hopelessness, and self-esteem in the pCC in men, where higher self-esteem may help to cope with stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noora Tuovinen
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Division of Psychiatry I, Anichstrasse 35, Innsbruck 6020, Austria.
| | - Nursen Yalcin-Siedentopf
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Division of Psychiatry I, Anichstrasse 35, Innsbruck 6020, Austria.
| | - Anna-Sophia Welte
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Division of Psychiatry I, Anichstrasse 35, Innsbruck 6020, Austria.
| | - Christian M Siedentopf
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Department of Neuroradiology, Anichstrasse 35, Innsbruck 6020, Austria.
| | - Ruth Steiger
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Department of Neuroradiology, Anichstrasse 35, Innsbruck 6020, Austria; Medical University of Innsbruck, Neuroimaging Research Core Facility, Anichstrasse 35, Innsbruck 6020, Austria.
| | - Elke R Gizewski
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Department of Neuroradiology, Anichstrasse 35, Innsbruck 6020, Austria; Medical University of Innsbruck, Neuroimaging Research Core Facility, Anichstrasse 35, Innsbruck 6020, Austria.
| | - Alex Hofer
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Division of Psychiatry I, Anichstrasse 35, Innsbruck 6020, Austria.
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58
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Raufelder D, Hoferichter F, Kulakow S, Golde S, Gleich T, Romund L, Lorenz RC, Pelz P, Beck A. Adolescents' Personality Development - A Question of Psychosocial Stress. Front Psychol 2021; 12:785610. [PMID: 34975679 PMCID: PMC8719601 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.785610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Following the relational-developmental systems approach, this three-wave study examines whether acute stress (T2) mediates the relationship between the development of personality traits from the beginning of 8th grade (T1, M age = 15.63, SD = 0.59; 22 girls) to the end of 9th grade (T3). Using the Montréal Imaging Stress Task, which is a task that provokes acute social stress by negative social feedback, this study combined the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), heart rate, and longitudinal survey data of 41 adolescents. Mediation analysis revealed that stress-induced left insula activation partially mediates the longitudinal stability of conscientiousness. These results highlight the impact of negative social feedback during stress on students' personality development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Raufelder
- Institute of Educational Science, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Frances Hoferichter
- Institute of Educational Science, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stefan Kulakow
- Institute of Educational Science, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sabrina Golde
- Department of Education and Psychology, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Gleich
- Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lydia Romund
- Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Patricia Pelz
- Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne Beck
- Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- HMU Health and Medical University Potsdam, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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59
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Cermakova P, Chlapečka A, Andrýsková L, Brázdil M, Marečková K. Socioeconomic and Cognitive Roots of Trait Anxiety in Young Adults. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2021; 17:703-711. [PMID: 34915569 PMCID: PMC9340106 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsab135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In 54 participants (41% women) from the Czech arm of the European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood, a national birth cohort with prospectively collected data from their birth until young adulthood, we aimed to study the association between early-life socioeconomic deprivation (ELSD), cognitive ability in adolescence, trait anxiety and resting state functional connectivity of the lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) in young adulthood. We found that ELSD was associated with lower cognitive ability in adolescence (at age 13) as well as higher trait anxiety in young adulthood (at age 23/24). Higher cognitive ability in adolescence predicted lower trait anxiety in young adulthood. Resting state functional connectivity between the right LPFC and a cluster of voxels including left precentral gyrus, left postcentral gyrus and superior frontal gyrus mediated the relationship between lower cognitive ability in adolescence and higher trait anxiety in young adulthood. These findings indicate that lower cognitive ability and higher trait anxiety may be both consequences of socioeconomic deprivation in early life. The recruitment of the right LPFC may be the underlying mechanism, through which higher cognitive ability may ameliorate trait anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavla Cermakova
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague, Czech Republic.,National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republlic
| | - Adam Chlapečka
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague, Czech Republic.,Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine, General University Hospital, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Milan Brázdil
- Brain and Mind Research, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Klára Marečková
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague, Czech Republic.,Brain and Mind Research, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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60
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Meyer-Arndt L, Schmitz-Hübsch T, Bellmann-Strobl J, Brandt AU, Haynes JD, Gold SM, Paul F, Weygandt M. Neural Processes of Psychological Stress and Relaxation Predict the Future Evolution of Quality of Life in Multiple Sclerosis. Front Neurol 2021; 12:753107. [PMID: 34887828 PMCID: PMC8650716 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.753107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is an essential complementary parameter in the assessment of disease burden and treatment outcome in multiple sclerosis (MS) and can be affected by neuropsychiatric symptoms, which in turn are sensitive to psychological stress. However, until now, the impact of neurobiological stress and relaxation on HRQoL in MS has not been investigated. We thus evaluated whether the activity of neural networks triggered by mild psychological stress (elicited in an fMRI task comprising mental arithmetic with feedback) or by stress termination (i.e., relaxation) at baseline (T0) predicts HRQoL variations occurring between T0 and a follow-up visit (T1) in 28 patients using a robust regression and permutation testing. The median delay between T0 and T1 was 902 (range: 363–1,169) days. We assessed HRQoL based on the Hamburg Quality of Life Questionnaire in MS (HAQUAMS) and accounted for the impact of established HRQoL predictors and the cognitive performance of the participants. Relaxation-triggered activity of a widespread neural network predicted future variations in overall HRQoL (t = 3.68, pfamily−wise error [FWE]-corrected = 0.008). Complementary analyses showed that relaxation-triggered activity of the same network at baseline was associated with variations in the HAQUAMS mood subscale on an αFWE = 0.1 level (t = 3.37, pFWE = 0.087). Finally, stress-induced activity of a prefronto-limbic network predicted future variations in the HAQUAMS lower limb mobility subscale (t = −3.62, pFWE = 0.020). Functional neural network measures of psychological stress and relaxation contain prognostic information for future HRQoL evolution in MS independent of clinical predictors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lil Meyer-Arndt
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Neurology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tanja Schmitz-Hübsch
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Judith Bellmann-Strobl
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander U Brandt
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - John-Dylan Haynes
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan M Gold
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany.,Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (INIMS), Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Friedemann Paul
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Neurology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Weygandt
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany
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Meine LE, Meier J, Meyer B, Wessa M. Don't stress, it's under control: Neural correlates of stressor controllability in humans. Neuroimage 2021; 245:118701. [PMID: 34758383 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal research has repeatedly shown that control is a key variable in the brain's stress response. Uncontrollable stress triggers a release of monoamines, impairing prefrontal functions while enhancing subcortical circuits. Conversely, control over an adverse event involves prefrontally mediated downregulation of monoamine nuclei and is considered protective. However, it remains unclear to what extent these findings translate to humans. During functional magnetic resonance imaging, we subjected participants to controllable and uncontrollable aversive but non-painful electric stimuli, as well as to a control condition without aversive stimulation. In each trial, a symbol signalled whether participants could terminate the stressor through correct performance in a button-matching task or whether the stressor would be randomly terminated, i.e., uncontrollable. Along with neural responses, we assessed participants' accuracy, reaction times, and heart rate. To relate neural activations and subjective experience, we asked participants to rate perceived control, helplessness, and stress. Results were largely in line with our hypotheses. The vmPFC was generally deactivated by aversive stimulation, but this effect was attenuated when participants could terminate the stressor compared to when their responses had no effect. Furthermore, activation in stress-responsive regions, including the bilateral insula, was reduced during controllable trials. Under uncontrollable aversive stimulation, greater vmPFC recruitment was linked to reduced feelings of helplessness. An investigation of condition-dependant differences in vmPFC connectivity yielded no significant results. Our findings further corroborate animal research and emphasise the role of the vmPFC in controllability-dependant regulation of stress responses. Based on the results, we discuss future directions in the context of resilience research and mental health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Meine
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Neuropsychology, Institute of Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Wallstraße 3, 55122 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jana Meier
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, Research Group Wessa, Wallstraße 7, 55122 Mainz, Germany
| | - Benjamin Meyer
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, Research Group Kalisch, Wallstraße 7, 55122 Mainz, Germany; Neuroimaging Center, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Michèle Wessa
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Neuropsychology, Institute of Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Wallstraße 3, 55122 Mainz, Germany; Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, Research Group Wessa, Wallstraße 7, 55122 Mainz, Germany.
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62
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McManus E, Talmi D, Haroon H, Muhlert N. Psychosocial stress has weaker than expected effects on episodic memory and related cognitive abilities: A meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 132:1099-1113. [PMID: 34748879 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The impact of stress on episodic memory and related cognitive abilities is well documented in both animal and human literature. However, it is unclear whether the same cognitive effects result from all forms of stress - in particular psychosocial stress. This review systematically explored the effects of psychosocial stress on episodic memory and associated cognitive abilities. PubMed, PsycInfo, and Web of Science databases were searched. Fifty-one studies were identified and compared based on the timing of stress induction. A small positive effect of post-learning psychosocial stress with a long retention interval was shown. No other effects of psychosocial stress were seen. Re-analysis of previous meta-analyses also showed no significant effect of psychosocial stress on episodic memory, highlighting potentially different effects between stressor types. Psychosocial stress also had a moderately different effect when emotional vs. neutral stimuli were compared. Finally, psychosocial stress also decreased performance on executive function, but not working memory tasks. Our findings demonstrate that psychosocial stress may not have the clear effects on episodic memory previously ascribed to it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth McManus
- Division of Neuroscience & Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Deborah Talmi
- Division of Neuroscience & Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; University of Cambridge, Department of Psychology, UK
| | - Hamied Haroon
- Division of Neuroscience & Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Nils Muhlert
- Division of Neuroscience & Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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63
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Alyan E, Saad NM, Kamel N. Effects of Workstation Type on Mental Stress: FNIRS Study. HUMAN FACTORS 2021; 63:1230-1255. [PMID: 32286888 DOI: 10.1177/0018720820913173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the workstation type on the severity of mental stress by means of measuring prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. BACKGROUND Workstation type is known to influence worker's health and performance. Despite the practical implications of ergonomic workstations, limited information is available regarding their impact on brain activity and executive functions. METHOD Ten healthy participants performed a Montreal imaging stress task (MIST) in ergonomic and nonergonomic workstations to investigate their effects on the severity of the induced mental stress. RESULTS Cortical hemodynamic changes in the PFC were observed during the MIST in both the ergonomic and nonergonomic workstations. However, the ergonomic workstation exhibited improved MIST performance, which was positively correlated with the cortical activation on the right ventrolateral and the left dorsolateral PFC, as well as a marked decrease in salivary alpha-amylase activity compared with that of the nonergonomic workstation. Further analysis using the NASA Task Load Index revealed a higher weighted workload score in the nonergonomic workstation than that in the ergonomic workstation. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that ergonomic workstations could significantly improve cognitive functioning and human capabilities at work compared to a nonergonomic workstation. APPLICATION Such a study could provide critical information on workstation design and development of mental stress that can be overlooked during traditional workstation design and mental stress assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad Alyan
- 61772 Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Malaysia
| | - Naufal M Saad
- 61772 Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Malaysia
| | - Nidal Kamel
- 61772 Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Malaysia
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64
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Ironside M, Moser AD, Holsen LM, Zuo CS, Du F, Perlo S, Richards CE, Duda JM, Chen X, Nickerson LD, Null KE, Nascimento N, Crowley DJ, Misra M, Goldstein JM, Pizzagalli DA. Reductions in rostral anterior cingulate GABA are associated with stress circuitry in females with major depression: a multimodal imaging investigation. Neuropsychopharmacology 2021; 46:2188-2196. [PMID: 34363015 PMCID: PMC8505659 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-01127-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The interplay between cortical and limbic regions in stress circuitry calls for a neural systems approach to investigations of acute stress responses in major depressive disorder (MDD). Advances in multimodal imaging allow inferences between regional neurotransmitter function and activation in circuits linked to MDD, which could inform treatment development. The current study investigated the role of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA in stress circuitry in females with current and remitted MDD. Multimodal imaging data were analyzed from 49 young female adults across three groups (current MDD, remitted MDD (rMDD), and healthy controls). GABA was assessed at baseline using magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and functional MRI data were collected before, during, and after an acute stressor and analyzed using a network modeling approach. The MDD group showed an overall lower cortisol response than the rMDD group and lower rostral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) GABA than healthy controls. Across groups, stress decreased activation in the frontoparietal network (FPN) but increased activation in the default mode network (DMN) and a network encompassing the ventromedial prefrontal cortex-striatum-anterior cingulate cortex (vmPFC-Str-ACC). Relative to controls, the MDD and rMDD groups were characterized by decreased FPN and salience network (SN) activation overall. Rostral ACC GABA was positively associated with connectivity between an overlapping limbic network (Temporal-Insula-Amygdala) and two other circuits (FPN and DMN). Collectively, these findings indicate that reduced GABA in females with MDD was associated with connectivity differences within and across key networks implicated in depression. GABAergic treatments for MDD might alleviate stress circuitry abnormalities in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ironside
- Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Amelia D Moser
- Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Laura M Holsen
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Divison of Women's Health, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chun S Zuo
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Fei Du
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Research Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Sarah Perlo
- Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Christine E Richards
- Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Jessica M Duda
- Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Research Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Lisa D Nickerson
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Kaylee E Null
- Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Nara Nascimento
- Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - David J Crowley
- Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Madhusmita Misra
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jill M Goldstein
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Diego A Pizzagalli
- Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA.
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65
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Meier M, Bentele UU, Benz ABE, Denk B, Dimitroff S, Pruessner JC, Unternaehrer E. Effects of psychological, sensory, and metabolic energy prime manipulation on the acute endocrine stress response in fasted women. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2021; 134:105452. [PMID: 34715529 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The stress response supports survival through energy mobilization. Paradoxically, a low blood glucose level dampens the endocrine stress response, and sugar consumption prior to stress restores it. Thus, energy availability may play a causal role in the endocrine stress response. Yet, it has never been tested whether sweet taste or expectations towards a drink content modulate the stress response. We investigated the potential role of sweetness, energy load and expectations towards energy load of a drink consumed prior to stress in restoring stress reactivity after fasting. N = 152 women (meanage=21.53, sdage=2.61) participated in the Trier Social Stress Test for groups in the morning after an overnight fast. Prior to stress induction, participants consumed a drink containing saccharose (sugar, n = 51), an equally sweet drink containing non-caloric sweetener (sweetener, n = 46), or water (n = 56). Additionally, participants in the sugar and sweetener group (n = 97) were informed whether or not their drink contained any calories (energy prime), which was deceptive in 50% of the cases. Eight salivary cortisol (-30, -20, -10, 0, +12, +25, +35, +45 min) and three blood glucose samples (-30, 0, +25 min) were assessed throughout the experiment. The effects of the experimental manipulations on cortisol trajectories were tested using multilevel mixed models. We found that compared with water, sugar and sweetener both significantly increased cortisol stress reactivity and with comparable intensity. However, our sensitivity analysis revealed a significant effect of sugar on cortisol trajectories compared to water and to sweetener. Drink-induced changes in blood glucose concentration were not associated with increases in cortisol. The energy prime did not affect the stress response. Overall, we could replicate the boosting effect of sugar consumption in a female sample after 8 h of fasting. The specific contribution of sweet taste and metabolic hormones to this boosting effect should be tested more rigorously in sex-balanced designs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Meier
- Department of Psychology, Division of Neuropsychology, University of Constance, Universitätsstraße 10, 78467 Constance, Germany.
| | - Ulrike U Bentele
- Department of Psychology, Division of Neuropsychology, University of Constance, Universitätsstraße 10, 78467 Constance, Germany
| | - Annika B E Benz
- Department of Psychology, Division of Neuropsychology, University of Constance, Universitätsstraße 10, 78467 Constance, Germany
| | - Bernadette Denk
- Department of Psychology, Division of Neuropsychology, University of Constance, Universitätsstraße 10, 78467 Constance, Germany; Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Constance, Constance, Germany
| | - Stephanie Dimitroff
- Department of Psychology, Division of Neuropsychology, University of Constance, Universitätsstraße 10, 78467 Constance, Germany
| | - Jens C Pruessner
- Department of Psychology, Division of Neuropsychology, University of Constance, Universitätsstraße 10, 78467 Constance, Germany; Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Constance, Constance, Germany
| | - Eva Unternaehrer
- Department of Psychology, Division of Neuropsychology, University of Constance, Universitätsstraße 10, 78467 Constance, Germany; Child, and Adolescent Research Department, Psychiatric University Hospitals Basel (UPK), University of Basel, Switzerland
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66
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Albert KM, Boyd BD, Taylor WD, Newhouse PA. Differential effects of estradiol on neural and emotional stress response in postmenopausal women with remitted Major Depressive Disorder. J Affect Disord 2021; 293:355-362. [PMID: 34233228 PMCID: PMC8349860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estrogen fluctuations throughout the lifespan may contribute to major depressive disorder (MDD) risk in women through effects on brain networks important in stress responding, and mood regulation. Although there is evidence to support ovarian hormone treatment for peri-menopausal depression, postmenopausal use has not been well examined. The objective of this study was to investigate whether estrogen modulation of the neural and emotional cognitive responses to stress differs between postmenopausal women with and without MDD history. METHODS 60 postmenopausal women completed an fMRI psychosocial stress task, after receiving no drug or 3 months of daily estradiol (E2). fMRI activity and subjective mood response were examined. RESULTS In women without a history of MDD, E2 was associated with a more negative mood response to stress and less activity in emotional regulation regions. In women with a history of MDD, E2 was associated with a less negative mood response to stress and less activity in emotion perception regions. LIMITATIONS This study was limited by open-label estradiol administration and inclusion of participants using antidepressants. CONCLUSIONS These results support a differential effect of estrogen on emotional and neural responses to psychosocial stress in postmenopausal women with MDD history and may reflect a shift in brain activity patterns related to emotion processing following menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly M. Albert
- Center for Cognitive Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Brian D. Boyd
- Center for Cognitive Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Warren D. Taylor
- Center for Cognitive Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States,Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Tennessee Valley VA Health System, Nashville TN, United States
| | - Paul A. Newhouse
- Center for Cognitive Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States,Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Tennessee Valley VA Health System, Nashville TN, United States
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67
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Alyan E, Saad NM, Kamel N, Rahman MA. Workplace design-related stress effects on prefrontal cortex connectivity and neurovascular coupling. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2021; 96:103497. [PMID: 34139374 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2021.103497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the effect of workstation type on the neural and vascular networks of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) underlying the cognitive activity involved during mental stress. Workstation design has been reported to affect the physical and mental health of employees. However, while the functional effects of ergonomic workstations have been documented, there is little research on the influence of workstation design on the executive function of the brain. In this study, 23 healthy volunteers in ergonomic and non-ergonomic workstations completed the Montreal imaging stress task, while their brain activity was recorded using the synchronized measurement of electroencephalography and functional near-infrared spectroscopy. The results revealed desynchronization in alpha rhythms and oxygenated hemoglobin, as well as decreased functional connectivity in the PFC networks at the non-ergonomic workstations. Additionally, a significant increase in salivary alpha-amylase activity was observed in all participants at the non-ergonomic workstations, confirming the presence of induced stress. These findings suggest that workstation design can significantly impact cognitive functioning and human capabilities at work. Therefore, the use of functional neuroimaging in workplace design can provide critical information on the causes of workplace-related stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad Alyan
- Centre for Intelligent Signal and Imaging Research (CISIR), Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, 32610, Malaysia.
| | - Naufal M Saad
- Centre for Intelligent Signal and Imaging Research (CISIR), Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, 32610, Malaysia
| | - Nidal Kamel
- Centre for Intelligent Signal and Imaging Research (CISIR), Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, 32610, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Abdul Rahman
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, 30450, Perak, Malaysia
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68
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Suzuki Y, Tanaka SC. Functions of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex in emotion regulation under stress. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18225. [PMID: 34521947 PMCID: PMC8440524 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97751-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent neuroimaging studies suggest that the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) contributes to regulation of emotion. However, the adaptive response of the vmPFC under acute stress is not understood. We used fMRI to analyse brain activity of people viewing and rating the emotional strength of emotional images after acute social stress. Here, we show that the vmPFC is strongly activated by highly emotional images, indicating its involvement in emotional regulation, and that the midbrain is activated as a main effect of stress during the emotional response. vmPFC activation also exhibits individual differences in behavioural scores reflecting individual reactions to stress. Moreover, functional connectivity between the vmPFC and midbrain under stress reflects stress-induced emotion regulation. Those results suggest that the functions of the network including the vmPFC in emotion regulation is affected by stress depending on the individuals' level of reaction to the stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Suzuki
- Faculty of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara, Japan. .,Brain Information Communication Research Laboratory Group, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institutes International, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Saori C Tanaka
- Faculty of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara, Japan. .,Brain Information Communication Research Laboratory Group, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institutes International, Kyoto, Japan.
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69
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Heinbockel H, Quaedflieg CWEM, Schneider TR, Engel AK, Schwabe L. Stress enhances emotional memory-related theta oscillations in the medial temporal lobe. Neurobiol Stress 2021; 15:100383. [PMID: 34504907 PMCID: PMC8414174 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Stressful events impact memory formation, in particular for emotionally arousing stimuli. Although these stress effects on emotional memory formation have potentially far-reaching implications, the underlying neural mechanisms are not fully understood. Specifically, the temporal processing dimension of the mechanisms involved in emotional memory formation under stress remains elusive. Here, we used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to examine the neural processes underlying stress effects on emotional memory formation with high temporal and spatial resolution and a particular focus on theta oscillations previously implicated in mnemonic binding. Healthy participants (n = 53) underwent a stress or control procedure before encoding emotionally neutral and negative pictures, while MEG was recorded. Memory for the pictures was probed in a recognition test 24 h after encoding. In this recognition test, stress did not modulate the emotional memory enhancement but led to significantly higher confidence in memory for negative compared to neutral stimuli. Our neural data revealed that stress increased memory-related theta oscillations specifically in medial temporal and occipito-parietal regions. Further, this stress-related increase in theta power emerged during memory formation for emotionally negative but not for neutral stimuli. These findings indicate that acute stress can enhance, in the medial temporal lobe, oscillations at a frequency that is ideally suited to bind the elements of an ongoing emotional episode, which may represent a mechanism to facilitate the storage of emotionally salient events that occurred in the context of a stressful encounter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Heinbockel
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Universität Hamburg, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Conny W E M Quaedflieg
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Universität Hamburg, 20146, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6229 ER, the Netherlands
| | - Till R Schneider
- Department of Neurophysiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20246, Germany
| | - Andreas K Engel
- Department of Neurophysiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20246, Germany
| | - Lars Schwabe
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Universität Hamburg, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
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70
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Konzok J, Henze GI, Peter H, Giglberger M, Bärtl C, Massau C, Kärgel C, Schiffer B, Eisenbarth H, Wüst S, Kudielka BM. Externalizing behavior in healthy young adults is associated with lower cortisol responses to acute stress and altered neural activation in the dorsal striatum. Psychophysiology 2021; 58:e13936. [PMID: 34482554 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The externalizing spectrum is characterized by disinhibition, impulsivity, antisocial-aggressive behavior as well as substance (mis)use. Studies in forensic samples and mentally impaired children suggested that higher rates of externalization are linked to lower cortisol stress responses and altered affect-related neural activation. In this fMRI-study, we investigated whether externalizing behavior in healthy participants is likewise associated with altered cortisol responses and neural activity to stress. Following a quasi-experimental approach, we tested healthy participants (N = 61, 31 males) from the higher versus lower range of the non-clinical variation in externalization (31 participants with high externalization) as assessed by the subscales disinhibition and meanness of the Triarchic-Psychopathy-Measure. All participants were exposed to ScanSTRESS, a standardized psychosocial stress paradigm for scanner environments. In both groups, ScanSTRESS induced a significant rise in cortisol levels with the high externalization group showing significantly lower cortisol responses to stress than the low externalization group. This was mainly driven by males. Further, individual increases in cortisol predicted neural response differences between externalization groups, indicating more activation in the dorsal striatum in low externalization. This was primarily driven by females. In contrast, post-hoc analysis showed that hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hyporeactivity in males was associated with prefrontal and hippocampal activation. Our data substantiate that individuals from the general population high on externalization, show reduced cortisol stress responses. Furthermore, dorsal striatum activity as part of the mesolimbic system, known to be sensitive to environmental adversity, seems to play a role in externalization-specific cortisol stress responses. Beyond that, a modulating influence of gender was disclosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Konzok
- Institute of Psychology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Hannah Peter
- Institute of Psychology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Marina Giglberger
- Institute of Psychology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Bärtl
- Institute of Psychology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Massau
- Division of Forensic Psychiatry, LWL-University Hospital, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Christian Kärgel
- Division of Forensic Psychiatry, LWL-University Hospital, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Boris Schiffer
- Division of Forensic Psychiatry, LWL-University Hospital, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Hedwig Eisenbarth
- School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Stefan Wüst
- Institute of Psychology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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71
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Dolfen N, Veldman MP, Gann MA, von Leupoldt A, Puts NAJ, Edden RAE, Mikkelsen M, Swinnen S, Schwabe L, Albouy G, King BR. A role for GABA in the modulation of striatal and hippocampal systems under stress. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1033. [PMID: 34475515 PMCID: PMC8413374 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02535-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research has demonstrated that stress modulates the competitive interaction between the hippocampus and striatum, two structures known to be critically involved in motor sequence learning. These earlier investigations, however, have largely focused on blood oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) responses. No study to date has examined the link between stress, motor learning and levels of striatal and hippocampal gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). This knowledge gap is surprising given the known role of GABA in neuroplasticity subserving learning and memory. The current study thus examined: a) the effects of motor learning and stress on striatal and hippocampal GABA levels; and b) how learning- and stress-induced changes in GABA relate to the neural correlates of learning. To do so, fifty-three healthy young adults were exposed to a stressful or non-stressful control intervention before motor sequence learning. Striatal and hippocampal GABA levels were assessed at baseline and post-intervention/learning using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Regression analyses indicated that stress modulated the link between striatal GABA levels and functional plasticity in both the hippocampus and striatum during learning as measured with fMRI. This study provides evidence for a role of GABA in the stress-induced modulation of striatal and hippocampal systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Dolfen
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Menno P Veldman
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mareike A Gann
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Nicolaas A J Puts
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, UK
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Richard A E Edden
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mark Mikkelsen
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stephan Swinnen
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lars Schwabe
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Geneviève Albouy
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - Bradley R King
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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72
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Kvarta MD, Chiappelli J, West J, Goldwaser EL, Bruce HA, Ma Y, Kochunov P, Hatch K, Gao S, Jones A, O'Neill H, Du X, Hong LE. Aberrant anterior cingulate processing of anticipated threat as a mechanism for psychosis. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2021; 313:111300. [PMID: 34010783 PMCID: PMC8206034 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2021.111300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Stress and abnormal stress response are associated with schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD), but the brain mechanisms linking stress to symptomatology remain unclear. In this study, we used a stress-based functional neuroimaging task, reverse-translated from preclinical studies, to test the hypothesis that abnormal corticolimbic processing of stressful threat anticipation is associated with psychosis and affective symptoms in SSD. Participants underwent an MRI-compatible ankle-shock task (AST) in which the threat of mild electrical shock was anticipated. We compared functional brain activations during anticipatory threat periods from N = 18 participants with SSD (10 M/8F) to those from N = 12 community controls (9 M/3F). After family-wise error correction, only one region, the ventral anterior cingulate cortex (vACC), showed significantly reduced activation compared with controls. vACC activation significantly correlated with clinical symptoms measured by the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale total score (r = 0.54) and the psychosis subscale (r = 0.71), and inversely correlated with trait depression measured by the Maryland Trait and State Depression scale (r=-0.48). Deficient activation in vACC under stress of anticipated threat may lead to aberrant interpretation of such threat, contributing to psychosis and mood symptoms in SSD. This experimental paradigm has translational potential and may identify circuitry-level mechanisms of stress-related mental illness, leading to more targeted treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D Kvarta
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21228 , United States.
| | - Joshua Chiappelli
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21228 , United States
| | - Jeffrey West
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21228 , United States
| | - Eric L Goldwaser
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21228 , United States
| | - Heather A Bruce
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21228 , United States
| | - Yizhou Ma
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21228 , United States
| | - Peter Kochunov
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21228 , United States
| | - Kathryn Hatch
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21228 , United States
| | - Si Gao
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21228 , United States
| | - Aaron Jones
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21228 , United States
| | - Hugh O'Neill
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21228 , United States
| | - Xiaoming Du
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21228 , United States
| | - L Elliot Hong
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21228 , United States
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Richter A, Al-Bayati M, Paraskevopoulou F, Krämer B, Pruessner JC, Binder EB, Gruber O. Interaction of FKBP5 variant rs3800373 and city living alters the neural stress response in the anterior cingulate cortex. Stress 2021; 24:421-429. [PMID: 33541187 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2020.1855420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychosocial stress effects of urban living are associated with substantially increased risk for schizophrenia, mood and anxiety disorders, by altering stress-induced activity in the amygdala and pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Genetic factors are likely to modulate the impact of city living on stress processing. Growing evidence suggests a key role of FKBP5, a co-chaperone regulating the glucocorticoid receptor sensitivity, in the etiology of stress-related disorders. Here we investigated the interaction of city living and genetic variation in FKBP5 (rs3800373) on neural activity in stress-sensitive brain systems. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 31 healthy young adults using the Montreal Imaging Stress Task. Subjects were divided into groups depending on the number of inhabitants of their current residency. There was a significant main effect of city living on neural activity in the amygdala-hippocampus complex, replicating prior findings. Moreover, we found an interaction between rs3800373 and city living modulating responses in the bilateral subgenual ACC and right pregenual ACC. Specifically, only city dwellers carrying the FKBP5 minor risk allele showed increased stress responses in the subgenual and pregenual ACC when compared to those living in small towns. A significant gene-environment interaction on neural stress responses in the amygdala or hippocampus was only found in FKBP5 major allele carriers. These results point to a potential role of the FKBP5 rs3800373 minor risk allele in predisposing those who live in bigger cities to changes of functional responsivity in the pre- and subgenual ACC, thereby increasing the risk for developing stress-related mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Richter
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammad Al-Bayati
- Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Foteini Paraskevopoulou
- Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Bernd Krämer
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jens C Pruessner
- Department of Psychology, University of Constance, Constance, Germany
| | - Elisabeth B Binder
- Department of Translational Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Oliver Gruber
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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74
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De Calheiros Velozo J, Vaessen T, Pruessner J, Van Diest I, Claes S, Myin-Germeys I. The repeated Montreal Imaging Stress Test (rMIST): Testing habituation, sensitization, and anticipation effects to repeated stress induction. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2021; 128:105217. [PMID: 33882371 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A psychosocial task that can induce comparable levels of stress repeatedly is fundamental to effectively study changes in stress reactivity over time or as a result of an intervention. However, existing tasks have struggled to provide consistent stress responses across repeated trials. AIM The goal was to assess the efficacy of two different designs of the repeated Montreal Imaging Stress Test (rMIST) in reproducing the same pattern of reactivity over two separate sessions. METHODS In two different studies, stress was induced using the rMIST on two separate sessions, one week apart. Each study used a different task design. In the first study (53 participants [45 women]; mean age=24.16 [SD=3.29]), the rMIST consisted of a single-longer stress exposure, while the second study (30 participants [27 women]; mean age=21.81 [SD=2.09]) consisted of several shorter stress exposures per session. Self-reported (i.e perceived stress [PS] and negative affect [NA]), physiological (i.e heart rate [HR], root mean square of successive differences [RMSSD]) and hormonal (i.e. salivary cortisol) measures of stress were used. RESULTS Stress reactivity was comparable across the two repeated stress sessions in both studies. However, baseline HR in the second session increased relative to the first session in the first study, and there was no cortisol response. Additionally, there was a decrease in HR and HRV reactivity within the session on the second study, suggesting a habituation effect not between but within the session itself. CONCLUSION The rMIST overcomes some of the challenges associated with repeated stress induction. However, an anticipation effect and a lack of cortisol response indicate that further adjustments to the task are necessary. Finally, task design is important for repeated stress reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana De Calheiros Velozo
- Department of Neurosciences, Research group Psychiatry, Center for Contextual Psychiatry, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Thomas Vaessen
- Department of Neurosciences, Research group Psychiatry, Center for Contextual Psychiatry, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Neurosciences, Research group Psychiatry, Mind Body Research, KU Leuven, UZ Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jens Pruessner
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill Centre for Studies in Aging & Douglas Institute, McGill University, 6825 Boulevard LaSalle, Verdun, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstrasse 10, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Ilse Van Diest
- Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Health Psychology Research group, KU Leuven, Tiensestraat 102, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stephan Claes
- Department of Neurosciences, Research group Psychiatry, Mind Body Research, KU Leuven, UZ Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Inez Myin-Germeys
- Department of Neurosciences, Research group Psychiatry, Center for Contextual Psychiatry, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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75
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Henze GI, Konzok J, Kreuzpointner L, Bärtl C, Giglberger M, Peter H, Streit F, Kudielka BM, Kirsch P, Wüst S. Sex-Specific Interaction Between Cortisol and Striato-Limbic Responses to Psychosocial Stress. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2021; 16:972-984. [PMID: 33961049 PMCID: PMC8421693 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsab062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although women and men differ in psychological and endocrine stress responses as well as in the prevalence rates of stress-related disorders, knowledge on sex differences regarding stress regulation in the brain is scarce. Therefore, we performed an in-depth analysis of data from 67 healthy participants (31 women, taking oral contraceptives), who were exposed to the ScanSTRESS paradigm in a functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Changes in cortisol, affect, heart rate and neural activation in response to psychosocial stress were examined in women and men as well as potential sex-specific interactions between stress response domains. Stress exposure led to significant cortisol increases, with men exhibiting higher levels than women. Depending on sex, cortisol elevations were differently associated with stress-related responses in striato-limbic structures: higher increases were associated with activations in men but with deactivations in women. Regarding affect or heart rate responses, no sex differences emerged. Although women and men differ in their overall stress reactivity, our findings do not support the idea of distinct neural networks as the base of this difference. Instead, we found differential stress reactions for women and men in identical structures. We propose considering quantitative predictors such as sex-specific cortisol increases when exploring neural response differences of women and men.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julian Konzok
- Institute of Psychology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Bärtl
- Institute of Psychology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Marina Giglberger
- Institute of Psychology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Hannah Peter
- Institute of Psychology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Streit
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Peter Kirsch
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Institute of Psychology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Wüst
- Institute of Psychology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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76
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Yan YJ, Huang J, Lui SSY, Cheung EFC, Madsen KH, Chan RCK. The effect of effort-reward imbalance on brain structure and resting-state functional connectivity in individuals with high levels of schizotypal traits. Cogn Neuropsychiatry 2021; 26:166-182. [PMID: 33706673 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2021.1899906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Effort-reward imbalance (ERI) is a typical psychosocial stress. Schizotypal traits are attenuated features of schizophrenia in the general population. According to the diathesis-stress model, schizotypal traits and psychosocial stress contribute to the onset of schizophrenia. However, few studies examined the effects of these factors on brain alterations. This study aimed to examine relationships between ERI, schizotypal traits and brain structures and functions. METHODS We recruited 37 (13 male, 24 female) participants with high levels of schizotypal traits and 36 (12 male, 24 female) participants with low levels of schizotypal traits by the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ). The Chinese school version of the effort-reward imbalance questionnaire (C-ERI-S) was used to measure ERI. We conducted the voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and whole brain resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) analysis using reward or stress-related regions as seeds. RESULTS Participants with high levels of schizotypal traits were more likely to perceive ERI. The severity of ERI was correlated with grey matter volume (GMV) reduction of the left pallidum and altered rsFC among the prefrontal, striatum and cerebellum in participants with high levels of schizotypal traits. CONCLUSION ERI is associated with GMV reduction and altered rsFC in individuals with high levels of schizotypal traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Jie Yan
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Sino-Danish College of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Huang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Psychology, the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Simon S Y Lui
- Castle Peak Hospital, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Kristoffer H Madsen
- Sino-Danish College of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark.,Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Raymond C K Chan
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Sino-Danish College of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Psychology, the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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77
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Zhang R, Zhou X, Feng D, Yuan D, Li S, Lu C, Li X. Effects of acute psychosocial stress on interpersonal cooperation and competition in young women. Brain Cogn 2021; 151:105738. [PMID: 33915401 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2021.105738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Although tend-and-befriend is believed to be the dominant stress response in women, little is known regarding the effects of acute psychosocial stress on different dynamic social interactions. To measure these effects, 80 female participants were recruited, paired into the dyads, and instructed to complete cooperative and competitive key-pressing tasks after experiencing acute stress or a control condition. Each dyad of participants should press the key synchronously when the signal was presented in the cooperative task and as fast as possible in the competitive task. During the tasks, brain activities of prefrontal and right temporo-parietal areas were recorded from each dyad using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). The results showed that acute psychosocial stress evidently promoted competitive behavior, accompanied by increased interpersonal neural synchronization (INS) in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Despite the lack of a significant difference in the overall cooperation rate, the response time difference between two stressed participants markedly declined over time with more widespread INS in the prefrontal cortex, suggesting that there ensued cooperative improvement among stressed women. These findings behaviorally and neurologically revealed context-dependent response patterns to psychosocial stress in women during dynamic social interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruqian Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Danyang Feng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Di Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Shijia Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
| | - Chunming Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Xianchun Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China; State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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78
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Early life stress and neural development: Implications for understanding the developmental effects of COVID-19. COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2021; 22:643-654. [PMID: 33891280 PMCID: PMC8063781 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-021-00901-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Chronic and/or extreme stress in childhood, often referred to as early life stress, is associated with a wide range of long-term effects on development. Given this, the COVID-19 pandemic has led to concern about how stress due to the pandemic will affect children's development and mental health. Although early life stress has been linked to altered functioning of a number of neural and biological systems, there is a wide range of variability in children's outcomes. The mechanisms that influence these individual differences are still not well understood. In the past, studies of stress in childhood focused on the type of events that children encountered in their lives. We conducted a review of the literature to formulate a new perspective on the effects of early life stress on development. This new, topological model, may increase understanding of the potential effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on children's development. This model is oriented on children's perceptions of their environment and their social relationships, rather than specific events. These factors influence central and peripheral nervous system development, changing how children interpret, adapt, and respond to potentially stressful events, with implications for children's mental and physical health outcomes.
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79
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Purcell JB, Goodman AM, Harnett NG, Davis ES, Wheelock MD, Mrug S, Elliott MN, Emery ST, Schuster MA, Knight DC. Stress-elicited neural activity in young adults varies with childhood sexual abuse. Cortex 2021; 137:108-123. [PMID: 33609897 PMCID: PMC8044018 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Childhood physical and sexual abuse are stressful experiences that may alter the emotional response to future stressors. Stress-related emotional function is supported by brain regions that include the prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus, and amygdala. The present study investigated whether childhood physical and sexual abuse are associated with stress-elicited brain activity in young adulthood. METHODS Participants (N = 300; Mage = 20.0; 151 female) completed a psychosocial stress task during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Measures of physical and sexual abuse were included in a linear mixed effects model to estimate the unique relationship each type of childhood abuse had with stress-elicited brain activity. RESULTS Stress-elicited dorsolateral PFC, ventromedial PFC, and hippocampal activity decreased as the frequency of childhood sexual abuse increased. There were no regions in which stress-elicited activation varied with physical abuse. CONCLUSIONS The present findings suggest there is a unique relationship between childhood sexual abuse and the stress-elicited PFC and hippocampal activity of young adults that is not observed following childhood physical abuse. SIGNIFICANCE These findings may have important implications for understanding the mechanisms by which childhood sexual abuse impacts the development of future psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliann B Purcell
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Psychology, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Adam M Goodman
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Psychology, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Nathaniel G Harnett
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Psychology, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Elizabeth S Davis
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Psychology, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Muriah D Wheelock
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Psychology, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Sylvie Mrug
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Psychology, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | | | - Susan Tortolero Emery
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Mark A Schuster
- Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - David C Knight
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Psychology, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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80
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Wheelock MD, Goodman AM, Harnett NG, Wood KH, Mrug S, Granger DA, Knight DC. Sex-related Differences in Stress Reactivity and Cingulum White Matter. Neuroscience 2021; 459:118-128. [PMID: 33588003 PMCID: PMC7965343 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The prefrontal cortex and limbic system are important components of the neural circuit that underlies stress and anxiety. These brain regions are connected by white matter tracts that support neural communication including the cingulum, uncinate fasciculus, and the fornix/stria-terminalis. Determining the relationship between stress reactivity and these white matter tracts may provide new insight into factors that underlie stress susceptibility and resilience. Therefore, the present study investigated sex differences in the relationship between stress reactivity and generalized fractional anisotropy (GFA) of the white matter tracts that link the prefrontal cortex and limbic system. Diffusion weighted images were collected and deterministic tractography was completed in 104 young adults (55 men, 49 women; mean age = 18.87 SEM = 0.08). Participants also completed self-report questionnaires (e.g., Trait Anxiety) and donated saliva (later assayed for cortisol) before, during, and after the Trier Social Stress Test. Results revealed that stress reactivity (area under the curve increase in cortisol) and GFA of the cingulum bundle varied by sex. Specifically, men demonstrated greater cortisol reactivity and greater GFA within the cingulum than women. Further, an interaction between sex, stress reactivity, and cingulum GFA was observed in which men demonstrated a positive relationship while women demonstrated a negative relationship between GFA and cortisol reactivity. Finally, trait anxiety was positively associated with the GFA of the fornix/stria terminalis - the white matter pathways that connect the hippocampus/amygdala to the hypothalamus. These findings advance our understanding of factors that underlie individual differences in stress reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Wheelock
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Ave S, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - A M Goodman
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Ave S, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - N G Harnett
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Ave S, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - K H Wood
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Ave S, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - S Mrug
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Ave S, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - D A Granger
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Salivary Bioscience Research, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 525 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - D C Knight
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Ave S, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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81
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Altered brain responses to emotional facial expressions in tinnitus patients. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2021; 262:189-207. [PMID: 33931179 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2021.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tinnitus, the phantom perception of sound, is a frequent disorder that can lead to severe distress and stress-related comorbidity. The pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the etiology of tinnitus are still under exploration. Electrophysiological and functional neuroimaging studies provide increasing evidence for abnormal functioning in auditory but also in non-auditory, e.g., emotional, brain areas. In order to elucidate alterations of affective processing in patients with chronic tinnitus, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to measure neural responses to emotionally expressive and neutral faces. Twelve patients with chronic tinnitus and a group of 11 healthy controls, matched for age, sex, hearing loss and depressive symptoms were investigated. While viewing emotionally expressive faces compared to neutral faces brain activations in the tinnitus patients differed from those of the controls in a cluster that encompasses the amygdala, the hippocampus and the parahippocampal gyrus bilaterally. Whereas in controls affective faces induced higher brain activation in these regions than neutral faces, these regions in tinnitus patients were deactivated. Our results (1) provide evidence for alterations of affective processing of facial expressions in tinnitus patients indicating general domain-unspecific dysfunctions in emotion processing and (2) indicate the involvement of medial temporal areas in the pathophysiology of tinnitus.
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82
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Cunningham TJ, Mattingly SM, Tlatenchi A, Wirth MM, Alger SE, Kensinger EA, Payne JD. Higher post-encoding cortisol benefits the selective consolidation of emotional aspects of memory. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2021; 180:107411. [PMID: 33609737 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2021.107411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Emotional experiences create durable memory traces in the brain, especially when these memories are consolidated in the presence of stress hormones such as cortisol. Although some research suggests cortisol elevation can increase long-term memory for emotional relative to neutral content, the impact of stress and cortisol on the consolidation of emotional and neutral aspects of memories when they are part of the same experience remains unknown. Here, after encoding complex scenes consisting of negative or neutral objects placed on neutral backgrounds, participants were exposed to a psychosocial stressor (or matched control condition) in order to examine the impact of stress and cortisol on early consolidation processes. The next day, once cortisol levels had returned to baseline, specific and gist recognition memory were tested separately for objects and backgrounds. Results indicate that while there was a numerical increase in memory for negative objects in the stress group, higher endogenous cortisol concentrations were specifically associated with decreased memory for the neutral backgrounds originally paired with negative objects. Moreover, across all participants, cortisol levels were positively correlated with the magnitude of the emotional memory trade-off effect. Specifically, while memory for negative objects was preserved, elevated cortisol during early consolidation was associated with decreased memory for neutral backgrounds that were initially paired with negative objects. These memory effects were observed in both the stricter specific measure of memory and the less conservative measure of gist memory. Together, these findings suggest that rather than influencing all aspects of an experience similarly, elevated cortisol during early consolidation selectively preserves what is most emotionally salient and adaptive to remember while allowing the loss of memory for less important neutral information over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony J Cunningham
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Centre for Sleep and Cognition, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States.
| | - Stephen M Mattingly
- Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States(1)
| | - Antonio Tlatenchi
- Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States(1)
| | - Michelle M Wirth
- Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States(1)
| | - Sara E Alger
- Behavioral Biology Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Kensinger
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States
| | - Jessica D Payne
- Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States(1).
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83
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Murray RJ, Apazoglou K, Celen Z, Dayer A, Aubry JM, Ville DVD, Vuilleumier P, Piguet C. Maladaptive emotion regulation traits predict altered corticolimbic recovery from psychosocial stress. J Affect Disord 2021; 280:54-63. [PMID: 33202338 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.09.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adaptive recovery from stress promotes healthy cognitive affective functioning, whereas maladaptive recovery is linked to poor psychological outcomes. Neural regions, like the anterior cingulate and hippocampus, play critical roles in psychosocial stress responding and serve as hubs in the corticolimbic neural system. To date, however, it is unknown how cognitive emotion regulation traits (cER), adaptive and maladaptive, influence corticolimbic stress recovery. Here, we examined acute psychosocial stress neural recovery, accounting for cER. METHODS Functional neuroimaging data were collected while forty-seven healthy participants performed blocks of challenging, time-sensitive, mental calculations. Participants immediately received performance feedback (positive/negative/neutral) and their ranking, relative to fictitious peers. Participants rested for 90 seconds after each feedback, allowing for a neural stress recovery period. Collected before scanning, cER scores were correlated with neural activity during each recovery condition. RESULTS Negative feedback recovery yielded increased activity within the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex and amygdala, but this effect was ultimately explained by maladaptive cER (M-cER), like rumination. Isolating positive after-effects (i.e. positive > negative recovery) yielded a significant positive correlation between M-cER and the anterior cingulate, anterior insula, hippocampus, and striatum. CONCLUSIONS We provide first evidence of M-cER to predict altered neural recovery from positive stress within corticolimbic regions. Positive feedback may be potentially threatening to individuals with poor stress regulation. Identifying positive stress-induced activation patterns in corticolimbic neural networks linked to M-cER creates the possibility to identify these neural responses as risk factors for social-emotional dysregulation subsequent to rewarding social information, often witnessed in affective disorders, like depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Murray
- Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Campus Biotech, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Kalliopi Apazoglou
- Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Campus Biotech, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland; Neuroscience Department, Laboratory for Behavioral Neurology and Imaging of Cognition, Campus Biotech, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Zeynep Celen
- Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Campus Biotech, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Dayer
- Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Campus Biotech, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland; Mood Disorder Unit, Psychiatric Specialties Service, Geneva University Hospital, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Michel Aubry
- Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Campus Biotech, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland; Mood Disorder Unit, Psychiatric Specialties Service, Geneva University Hospital, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Dimitri Van De Ville
- Medical Image Processing Laboratory, Center for Neuroprosthetics, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Campus Biotech, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Patrik Vuilleumier
- Neuroscience Department, Laboratory for Behavioral Neurology and Imaging of Cognition, Campus Biotech, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Camille Piguet
- Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Campus Biotech, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland; Mood Disorder Unit, Psychiatric Specialties Service, Geneva University Hospital, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland
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84
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Berretz G, Packheiser J, Kumsta R, Wolf OT, Ocklenburg S. The brain under stress-A systematic review and activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis of changes in BOLD signal associated with acute stress exposure. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 124:89-99. [PMID: 33497786 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Psychosocial stress is an omnipresent phenomenon whose neural correlates in humans are still poorly understood. Several paradigms have been developed to induce acute stress in fMRI settings, but it is unclear whether there is a global brain activation pattern related to psychosocial stress. To integrate the different neuronal activation patterns, we conducted an activation likelihood estimation analysis on 31 studies totaling 1279 participants. Studies used the ScanSTRESS, Montreal Imaging Stress Test, aversive viewing paradigm (AVP), Social-Evaluative Threat or Cyberball. The analysis revealed bilateral activation clusters comprising the claustrum, insula and inferior frontal gyrus. This indicates that exposure to psychosocial stress leads to activations in brain areas involved in affective processing and the endocrine stress response. Furthermore, in a systematic review, Cyberball and AVP presented themselves as outliers due to increased activation in motor areas and lack of induction of stress related activity changes, respectively. As different paradigms emphasize different dimensions of psychosocial stress such as social evaluation or performance pressure, future research is needed to identify differences between the paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gesa Berretz
- Department of Biopsychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Julian Packheiser
- Department of Biopsychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Robert Kumsta
- Department of Genetic Psychology, Institute of Health and Development, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Oliver T Wolf
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sebastian Ocklenburg
- Department of Biopsychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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85
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Dolfen N, King BR, Schwabe L, Gann MA, Veldman MP, von Leupoldt A, Swinnen SP, Albouy G. Stress Modulates the Balance between Hippocampal and Motor Networks during Motor Memory Processing. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:1365-1382. [PMID: 33106842 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The functional interaction between hippocampo- and striato-cortical regions during motor sequence learning is essential to trigger optimal memory consolidation. Based on previous evidence from other memory domains that stress alters the balance between these systems, we investigated whether exposure to stress prior to motor learning modulates motor memory processes. Seventy-two healthy young individuals were exposed to a stressful or nonstressful control intervention prior to training on a motor sequence learning task in a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner. Consolidation was assessed with an MRI retest after a sleep episode. Behavioral results indicate that stress prior to learning did not influence motor performance. At the neural level, stress induced both a larger recruitment of sensorimotor regions and a greater disengagement of hippocampo-cortical networks during training. Brain-behavior regression analyses showed that while this stress-induced shift from (hippocampo-)fronto-parietal to motor networks was beneficial for initial performance, it was detrimental for consolidation. Our results provide the first experimental evidence that stress modulates the neural networks recruited during motor memory processing and therefore effectively unify concepts and mechanisms from diverse memory fields. Critically, our findings suggest that intersubject variability in brain responses to stress determines the impact of stress on motor learning and subsequent consolidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Dolfen
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - B R King
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - L Schwabe
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M A Gann
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - M P Veldman
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A von Leupoldt
- Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Health Psychology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - S P Swinnen
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - G Albouy
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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86
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Henderson LA, Macefield VG. The role of the dorsomedial and ventromedial hypothalamus in regulating behaviorally coupled and resting autonomic drive. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2021; 180:187-200. [PMID: 34225929 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-820107-7.00012-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nearly a century ago it was reported that stimulation of the hypothalamus could evoke profound behavioral state changes coupled with altered autonomic function. Since these initial observations, further studies in animals have revealed that two hypothalamic regions-the dorsomedial and ventromedial hypothalamic nuclei-are critical for numerous behaviors, including those in response to psychological stressors. These behaviors are coupled with changes in autonomic functions, such as altered blood pressure, heart rate, sympathetic nerve activity, resetting of the baroreflex and changes in pituitary function. There is also growing evidence that these two hypothalamic regions play a critical role in thermogenesis, and suggestions they could also be responsible for the hypertension associated with obesity. The aim of this chapter is to review the anatomy, projection patterns, and function of the dorsomedial and ventromedial hypothalamus with a particular focus on their role in autonomic regulation. While most of what is known about these two hypothalamic regions is derived from laboratory animal experiments, recent human studies will also be explored. Finally, we will describe recent human brain imaging studies that provide evidence of a role for these hypothalamic regions in setting resting sympathetic drive and their potential role in conditions such as hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke A Henderson
- Department of Anatomy & Histology, Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Vaughan G Macefield
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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87
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Corr R, Pelletier-Baldelli A, Glier S, Bizzell J, Campbell A, Belger A. Neural mechanisms of acute stress and trait anxiety in adolescents. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2020; 29:102543. [PMID: 33385881 PMCID: PMC7779323 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The Montreal Imaging Stress Task is an effective acute stressor for adolescents. Acute stress exposure impacts fMRI measures of brain activation in adolescents. Hippocampal deactivation during acute stress is associated with cortisol release. Trait anxiety is linked to stress-related hippocampus, VS, and putamen activity. Males exhibit greater putamen deactivation during acute stress than females.
Adolescence is a critical period of heightened stress sensitivity and elevated vulnerability for developing mental illness, suggesting a possible association between stress exposure and the etiology of psychiatric disorders. In adults, aberrant neurobiological responses to acute stress relate to anxiety symptoms, yet less is known about the neural stress response in adolescents and how it relates to biological and psychological variables. Here we characterize the neurobiology of stress response in adolescents using multiple modalities, including neuroimaging, subjective stress ratings, heart rate, and cortisol data. We evaluated stress response in adolescents using the Montreal Imaging Stress Task (MIST), an acute psychosocial stressor commonly administered in adult functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies but not previously utilized with this population. FMRI data were acquired from 101 adolescents (44 female; 9–16 years) exhibiting varied trait anxiety severity. The MIST elicited decreased high-frequency heart rate variability and increased heart rate, subjective stress and cortisol. Whole-brain analyses comparing fMRI activity during experimental versus control MIST conditions revealed stress-related activation in regions including the anterior insula, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and deactivations in the hippocampus, ventral striatum, and putamen. Region of Interest analyses found that during acute stress (a) hippocampal deactivation corresponded to heightened cortisol release, (b) trait anxiety was associated with increased hippocampal and ventral striatum activation and decreased putamen activity, and (c) males exhibited greater putamen deactivation than females. These results provide novel evidence that the MIST is an effective stressor for adolescents. Associations between the neural acute stress response, other biological factors, and trait anxiety highlight the importance of these neurobiological mechanisms in understanding anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Corr
- Department of Psychiatry at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Duke-UNC Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States.
| | - Andrea Pelletier-Baldelli
- Department of Psychiatry at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Duke-UNC Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Sarah Glier
- Department of Psychiatry at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Duke-UNC Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Joshua Bizzell
- Department of Psychiatry at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Duke-UNC Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Alana Campbell
- Department of Psychiatry at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Duke-UNC Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States; Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Aysenil Belger
- Department of Psychiatry at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Duke-UNC Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States; Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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88
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Goodman AM, Diggs MD, Balachandran N, Kakulamarri PS, Oster RA, Allendorfer JB, Szaflarski JP. Repeatability of Neural and Autonomic Responses to Acute Psychosocial Stress. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:585509. [PMID: 33328855 PMCID: PMC7732671 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.585509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
FMRI Montreal Imaging Stress Tasks (MIST) have been shown to activate endocrine and autonomic stress responses that are mediated by a prefrontal cortex (PFC)-hippocampus-amygdala circuit. However, the stability of the neurobehavioral responses over time and the ability to monitor response to clinical interventions has yet to be validated. The objective of this study was to compare the fMRI and physiologic responses to acute psychosocial stress in healthy volunteers during initial and follow-up visits approximately 13 weeks later, simulating a typical duration of clinical intervention. We hypothesized that responses to stress would remain highly conserved across the 2 visits in the absence of an intervention. 15 healthy volunteers completed a variant of control math task (CMT) and stress math task (SMT) conditions based on MIST. Neural responses were modeled using an event-related design with estimates for math performance and auditory feedback for each task condition. For each visit, measures of stress reactivity included differential fMRI and heart rate (SMT-CMT), as well as salivary alpha-amylase before and after scanning sessions. The results revealed that differential fMRI, as well as increased heart rate and salivary alpha-amylase from before and after scanning remained similar between visits. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values revealed areas of reliable task-dependent BOLD fMRI signal response across visits for peaks of clusters for the main effect of condition (SMT vs CMT) within dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), insula, and hippocampus regions during math performance and within subgenual ACC, posterior cingulate cortex, dorsolateral PFC regions during auditory feedback. Given that the neurobehavioral response to acute stress remained highly conserved across visits in the absence of an intervention, this study confirms the utility for MIST for assessing longitudinal changes in controlled trials that can identify underlying neurobiological mechanisms involved in mediating the efficacy of stress-reduction interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Goodman
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Epilepsy Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Michael David Diggs
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Epilepsy Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Neha Balachandran
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Epilepsy Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Pranav S Kakulamarri
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Epilepsy Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Robert A Oster
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Jane B Allendorfer
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Epilepsy Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Jerzy P Szaflarski
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Epilepsy Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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89
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Liu P, Yang W, Zhuang K, Wei D, Yu R, Huang X, Qiu J. The functional connectome predicts feeling of stress on regular days and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Neurobiol Stress 2020; 14:100285. [PMID: 33385021 PMCID: PMC7772572 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2020.100285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Although many studies have explored the neural mechanism of the feeling of stress, to date, no effort has been made to establish a model capable of predicting the feeling of stress at the individual level using the resting-state functional connectome. Although individuals may be confronted with multidimensional stressors during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, their appraisal of the impact and severity of these events might vary. In this study, connectome-based predictive modeling (CPM) with leave-one-out cross-validation was conducted to predict individual perceived stress (PS) from whole-brain functional connectivity data from 817 participants. The results showed that the feeling of stress could be predicted by the interaction between the default model network and salience network, which are involved in emotion regulation and salience attribution, respectively. Key nodes that contributed to the prediction model comprised regions mainly located in the limbic systems and temporal lobe. Critically, the CPM model of PS based on regular days can be generalized to predict individual PS levels during the COVID-19 pandemic, which is a multidimensional, uncontrollable stressful situation. The stability of the results was demonstrated by two independent datasets. The present work not only expands existing knowledge regarding the neural mechanism of PS but also may help identify high-risk individuals in healthy populations. Perceived stress (PS) can be predicated by resting-state functional connectome. PS can be predicated by interaction between default model and salience network. Key nodes of the prediction model located in limbic systems and temporal lobe. psCPM of regular days generalized to predict PS level in the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiduo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing, 400715, China
- Research Center for Psychology and Social Development, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Wenjing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing, 400715, China
- Corresponding author. Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, No.2 TianSheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Kaixiang Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Dongtao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Rongjun Yu
- Department of Psychology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiting Huang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jiang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing, 400715, China
- Corresponding author. Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, No.2 TianSheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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90
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Smith KE, Pollak SD. Early life stress and development: potential mechanisms for adverse outcomes. J Neurodev Disord 2020; 12:34. [PMID: 33327939 PMCID: PMC7745388 DOI: 10.1186/s11689-020-09337-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic and/or extreme stress in early life, often referred to as early adversity, childhood trauma, or early life stress, has been associated with a wide range of adverse effects on development. However, while early life stress has been linked to negative effects on a number of neural systems, the specific mechanisms through which early life stress influences development and individual differences in children's outcomes are still not well understood. MAIN TEXT The current paper reviews the existing literature on the neurobiological effects of early life stress and their ties to children's psychological and behavioral development. CONCLUSIONS Early life stress has persistent and pervasive effects on prefrontal-hypothalamic-amygdala and dopaminergic circuits that are at least partially mediated by alterations in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function. However, to date, this research has primarily utilized methods of assessment that focus solely on children's event exposures. Incorporating assessment of factors that influence children's interpretation of stressors, along with stressful events, has the potential to provide further insight into the mechanisms contributing to individual differences in neurodevelopmental effects of early life stress. This can aid in further elucidating specific mechanisms through which these neurobiological changes influence development and contribute to risk for psychopathology and health disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen E Smith
- Department of Psychology and Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500 S Highland Blvd, Rm 399, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
| | - Seth D Pollak
- Department of Psychology and Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500 S Highland Blvd, Rm 399, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
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91
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Herzberg MP, Hunt RH, Thomas KM, Gunnar MR. Differential brain activity as a function of social evaluative stress in early adolescence: Brain function and salivary cortisol. Dev Psychopathol 2020; 32:1926-1936. [PMID: 33427172 PMCID: PMC7909600 DOI: 10.1017/s095457942000125x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Understanding individual differences in neural responses to stressful environments is an important avenue of research throughout development. These differences may be especially critical during adolescence, which is characterized by opportunities for healthy development and increased susceptibility to the development of psychopathology. While the neural correlates of the psychosocial stress response have been investigated in adults, these links have not been explored during development. Using a new task, the Minnesota Imaging Stress Test in Children (MISTiC), differences in activation are found in fusiform gyrus, superior frontal gyrus, insula, and anterior cingulate cortex when comparing a stressful math task to a nonstressful math task. The MISTiC task successfully elicits cortisol responses in a similar proportion of adolescents as in behavioral studies while collecting brain imaging data. Cortisol responders and nonresponders did not differ in their perceived stress level or behavioral performance during the task despite differences in neuroendocrine function. Future research will be able to leverage the MISTiC task for many purposes, including probing associations between individual differences in stress responses with environmental conditions, personality differences, and the development of psychopathology.
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92
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Balachandran N, Goodman AM, Allendorfer JB, Martin AN, Tocco K, Vogel V, LaFrance WC, Szaflarski JP. Relationship between neural responses to stress and mental health symptoms in psychogenic nonepileptic seizures after traumatic brain injury. Epilepsia 2020; 62:107-119. [PMID: 33238045 DOI: 10.1111/epi.16758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To utilize traumatic brain injury (TBI) as a model for investigating functioning during acute stress experiences in psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) and to identify neural mechanisms underlying the link between changes in processing of stressful experiences and mental health symptoms in PNES. METHODS We recruited 94 participants: 50 with TBI only (TBI-only) and 44 with TBI and PNES (TBI + PNES). Participants completed mood (Beck Depression Inventory-II), anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory), and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom (PTSD Checklist-Specific Event) assessments before undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging during an acute psychosocial stress task. Linear mixed-effects analyses identified clusters of significant interactions between group and neural responses to stressful math performance and stressful auditory feedback conditions within limbic brain regions (volume-corrected α = .05). Spearman rank correlation tests compared mean cluster signals to symptom assessments (false discovery rate-corrected α = .05). RESULTS Demographic and TBI-related measures were similar between groups; TBI + PNES demonstrated worse clinical symptom severity compared to TBI-only. Stressful math performance induced relatively greater reactivity within dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (PFC) and right hippocampal regions and relatively reduced reactivity within left hippocampal and dorsolateral PFC regions for TBI + PNES compared to TBI-only. Stressful auditory feedback induced relatively reduced reactivity within ventral PFC, cingulate, hippocampal, and amygdala regions for TBI + PNES compared to TBI-only. Changes in responses to stressful math within hippocampal and dorsal PFC regions were correlated with increased mood, anxiety, and PTSD symptom severity. SIGNIFICANCE Corticolimbic functions underlying processing of stressful experiences differ between patients with TBI + PNES and those with TBI-only. Relationships between these neural responses and symptom assessments suggest potential pathophysiologic mechanisms in PNES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Balachandran
- Department of Neurology, UAB Epilepsy Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Departments of Neurobiology and Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Adam M Goodman
- Department of Neurology, UAB Epilepsy Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jane B Allendorfer
- Department of Neurology, UAB Epilepsy Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Amber N Martin
- Department of Neurology, UAB Epilepsy Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Krista Tocco
- Providence Veterans Administration Medical Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Valerie Vogel
- Providence Veterans Administration Medical Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - W Curt LaFrance
- Providence Veterans Administration Medical Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jerzy P Szaflarski
- Department of Neurology, UAB Epilepsy Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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93
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Zhao X, Li J, Ren X, Yang J. The effect of sleep on the salivary cortisol response to acute stressors: a review and suggestions. Sleep Med 2020; 77:35-44. [PMID: 33310112 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
There have been steadily increasing studies on the relationship between sleep and stress. However, the findings regarding the effects of sleep on the acute stress response have been inconsistent. Elevated, blunted, or unchanged salivary cortisol stress response have been reported. Therefore, this study conducted a systematic review of previous studies to provide a comprehensive summary of the factors that influence the effects of sleep on the salivary cortisol stress response. We conducted a comprehensive electronic literature search in PubMed, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and EMBASE for human studies published in English (up to June 2019). Finally, 17 articles with participants aged 6.4-72 years were included in this review. We assessed the following factors: designing factors (sleep measurement, stress induction, cortisol sampling period, and time intervals between sleep measurement and the acute stress task), analyzing factors (cortisol analysis), and participants' characteristics (age, sex, and background stress levels); subsequently, we explained conflicting findings across the current literature. Further, we provide study design, analysis, and report suggestions for optimal assessment of the effects of sleep on the acute stress response. This summary of influencing factors and suggestions for future studies could help elucidate the impact of sleep on stress and advance the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Zhao
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiwen Li
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Ren
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
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94
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Allenby C, Falcone M, Ashare RL, Cao W, Bernardo L, Wileyto EP, Pruessner J, Loughead J, Lerman C. Brain Marker Links Stress and Nicotine Abstinence. Nicotine Tob Res 2020; 22:885-891. [PMID: 31120113 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntz077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subjective stress is a well-documented predictor of early smoking relapse, yet our understanding of stress and tobacco use is limited by reliance on self-reported measures of stress. We utilized a validated functional neuroimaging paradigm to examine whether stress exposure during early abstinence alters objective measures of brain function. METHODS Seventy-five participants underwent blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during the Montreal Imaging Stress Task (MIST) on two occasions: once during smoking satiety and once following biochemically confirmed 24-hour abstinence (order counterbalanced). The primary outcome measure was brain response during stress (vs. control) blocks of the MIST, assessed using whole-brain analysis corrected for multiple comparisons using clusters determined by Z ≥ 3.1. RESULTS Abstinence (vs. satiety) was associated with significantly increased activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus, a brain region associated with inhibitory control. Abstinence-induced change in brain response to stress was positively associated with change in self-reported stress. CONCLUSIONS This study provides objective evidence that the brain response to stress is altered during the first 24 hours of a quit attempt compared to smoking satiety. IMPLICATIONS These results point to the potential value of inoculating smokers with stress management training prior to a quit attempt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheyenne Allenby
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Mary Falcone
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Rebecca L Ashare
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Wen Cao
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Leah Bernardo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - E Paul Wileyto
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jens Pruessner
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - James Loughead
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Caryn Lerman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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95
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Violence exposure, affective style, and stress-induced changes in resting state functional connectivity. COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2020; 20:1261-1277. [PMID: 33000367 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-020-00833-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Chronic childhood stress is linked to greater susceptibility to internalizing disorders in adulthood. Specifically, chronic stress leads to changes in brain connectivity patterns, and, in turn, affects psychological functioning. Violence exposure, a chronic stressor, increases stress reactivity and disrupts emotion regulation processes. However, it is unclear to what extent violence exposure affects the neural circuitry underlying emotion regulation. Individual differences in affective style also moderate the impact of stress on psychological function and can thus alter the relationship between violence exposure and brain function. Resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) is an index of intrinsic brain activity. Stress-induced changes in rsFC between the amygdala, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex (PFC) are associated with emotion dysregulation and may elucidate how affective style modulates the relationship between violence exposure and brain connectivity. Therefore, the present study examined the impact of violence exposure and affective style on stress-induced changes in rsFC. Participants (n = 233) completed two 6-minute resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans, one before (pre-stress) and one after (post-stress) a psychosocial stress task. The bilateral amygdala, hippocampus, and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) were used as seed regions for rsFC analyses. Significant stress-induced changes in the prefrontal, fronto-limbic, and parieto-limbic rsFC were observed. Further, pre-stress to post-stress differences in rsFC varied with violence exposure and affective style. These findings suggest that prefrontal, fronto-limbic, and parieto-limbic connectivity is associated with the emotional response to stress and provide new insight into the neural mechanisms through which affective style moderates the impact violence exposure has on the brain.
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96
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Dietrich M, Andreatta RD, Jiang Y, Stemple JC. Limbic and cortical control of phonation for speech in response to a public speech preparation stressor. Brain Imaging Behav 2020; 14:1696-1713. [PMID: 31049806 PMCID: PMC7572327 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-019-00102-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge on brain networks subserving vocalization in vocally healthy individuals under various task conditions is scarce but paramount to understand voice disorders. The aims of our study were to determine (1) the effect of social-evaluative stress on the central neural control of phonation underlying speech production; and (2) the neural signature, personality profile, and aerodynamic vocal function in relation to salivary cortisol responses. Thirteen vocally healthy females underwent an event-related sparse-sampling fMRI protocol consisting of voiced and whispered sentence productions with and without exposure to the social-evaluative stressor public speaking anticipation. Participants completed a personality questionnaire, rating scales of negative emotional state, and provided salivary cortisol samples. In the total sample, the task contrast of voiced productions revealed that stressor exposure resulted in a peak activation in the right caudate with concomitant deactivations in the bilateral pgACC and aMCC, and right IFG, BA 9, BA 10, insula, putamen, and thalamus. There were individual differences in stressor-induced brain activations as a function of stress reactivity with greater cortisol reactivity linked with lower laryngeal motor cortex activity and lower scores on aspects of extraversion. Our data confirm that stress alters the phonatory control for speech production through limbic-motor interactions. The findings support the Trait Theory of Voice Disorders (Roy and Bless 2000) and help provide critical insights to the study of voice disorders such as primary muscle tension dysphonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dietrich
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, University of Missouri, 308 Lewis Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
| | - Richard D. Andreatta
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Kentucky, 120 Wethington Bldg, 900 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536 USA
| | - Yang Jiang
- Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky, 113 Medical Behavioral Science Building, Lexington, KY 40536 USA
| | - Joseph C. Stemple
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Kentucky, 120 Wethington Bldg, 900 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536 USA
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97
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Li Q, Yan J, Liao J, Zhang X, Liu L, Fu X, Tan HY, Zhang D, Yan H. Distinct Effects of Social Stress on Working Memory in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Neurosci Bull 2020; 37:81-93. [PMID: 33000423 PMCID: PMC7811969 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-020-00579-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress might exaggerate the compulsion and impair the working memory of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). This study evaluated the effect of stress on the cognitive neural processing of working memory in OCD and its clinical significance using a "number calculation working memory" task. Thirty-eight patients and 55 gender- and education-matched healthy controls were examined. Stress impaired the performance of the manipulation task in patients. Healthy controls showed less engagement of the medial prefrontal cortex and striatum during the task under stress versus less stress, which was absent in the patients with OCD. The diagnosis × stress interaction effect was significant in the right fusiform, supplementary motor area, precentral cortex and caudate. The failure of suppression of the medial prefrontal cortex and striatum and stress-related hyperactivation in the right fusiform, supplementary motor area, precentral cortex, and caudate might be an OCD-related psychopathological and neural response to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Li
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.,Peking University Institute of Mental Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.,Peking University Institute of Mental Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jinmin Liao
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.,Peking University Institute of Mental Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.,Peking University Institute of Mental Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lijun Liu
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.,Peking University Institute of Mental Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaoyu Fu
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.,Peking University Institute of Mental Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hao Yang Tan
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Dai Zhang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China. .,Peking University Institute of Mental Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China. .,Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, 100871, China. .,PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Hao Yan
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China. .,Peking University Institute of Mental Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China.
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98
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Harrewijn A, Vidal-Ribas P, Clore-Gronenborn K, Jackson SM, Pisano S, Pine DS, Stringaris A. Associations between brain activity and endogenous and exogenous cortisol - A systematic review. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2020; 120:104775. [PMID: 32592873 PMCID: PMC7502528 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
To arrive at a coherent understanding of the relation between glucocorticoids and the human brain, we systematically reviewed the literature for studies examining the associations between endogenous or exogenous cortisol and human brain function. Higher levels of endogenous cortisol during psychological stress were related to increased activity in the middle temporal gyrus and perigenual anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), decreased activity in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and altered function (i.e., mixed findings, increased or decreased) in the amygdala, hippocampus and inferior frontal gyrus. Moreover, endogenous cortisol response to psychological stress was related to increased activity in the inferior temporal gyrus and altered function in the amygdala during emotional tasks that followed psychological stress. Exogenous cortisol administration was related to increased activity in the postcentral gyrus, superior frontal gyrus and ACC, and altered function in the amygdala and hippocampus during conditioning, emotional and reward-processing tasks after cortisol administration. These findings were in line with those from animal studies on amygdala activity during and after stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Harrewijn
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Pablo Vidal-Ribas
- Social and Behavioral Sciences Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 6710 Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Katharina Clore-Gronenborn
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, 9501 Euclid Ave. EC10, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA; Genetic Epidemiology Research Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Sarah M Jackson
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Simone Pisano
- Department of Neuroscience, AORN Santobono-Pausilipon, Via Mario Fiore 6, Naples, Italy; Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Via Pansini 5, Naples, Italy
| | - Daniel S Pine
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Argyris Stringaris
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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99
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Quaedflieg CWEM, Schneider TR, Daume J, Engel AK, Schwabe L. Stress Impairs Intentional Memory Control through Altered Theta Oscillations in Lateral Parietal Cortex. J Neurosci 2020; 40:7739-7748. [PMID: 32868459 PMCID: PMC7531551 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2906-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that forgetting is not necessarily a passive process but that we can, to some extent, actively control what we remember and what we forget. Although this intentional control of memory has potentially far-reaching implications, the factors that influence our capacity to intentionally control our memory are largely unknown. Here, we tested whether acute stress may disrupt the intentional control of memory and, if so, through which neural mechanism. We exposed healthy men and women to a stress (n = 27) or control (n = 26) procedure before they aimed repeatedly to retrieve some previously learned cue-target pairs and to actively suppress others. While control participants showed reduced memory for suppressed compared with baseline pairs in a subsequent memory test, this suppression-induced forgetting was completely abolished after stress. Using magnetoencephalography (MEG), we show that the reduced ability to suppress memories after stress is associated with altered theta activity in the inferior temporal cortex when the control process (retrieval or suppression) is triggered and in the lateral parietal cortex when control is exerted, with the latter being directly correlated with the stress hormone cortisol. Moreover, the suppression-induced forgetting was linked to altered connectivity between the hippocampus and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (PFC), which in turn was negatively correlated to stress-induced cortisol increases. These findings provide novel insights into conditions under which our capacity to actively control our memory breaks down and may have considerable implications for stress-related psychopathologies, such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), that are characterized by unwanted memories of distressing events.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT It is typically assumed that forgetting is a passive process that can hardly be controlled. There is, however, evidence that we may actively control, to some extent, what we remember and what we forget. This intentional memory control has considerable implications for mental disorders in which patients suffer from unwanted (e.g., traumatic) memories. Here, we demonstrate that the capacity to intentionally control our memory breaks down after stress. Using magnetoencephalography (MEG), we show that this stress-induced memory control deficit is linked to altered activity in the lateral parietal cortex and the connectivity between the hippocampus and right prefrontal cortex (PFC). These findings provide novel insights into conditions under which memory control fails and are highly relevant in the context of stress-related psychopathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C W E M Quaedflieg
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg 20146, Germany
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Maastricht University, Maastricht 6229 ER, The Netherlands
| | - T R Schneider
- Department of Neurophysiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - J Daume
- Department of Neurophysiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - A K Engel
- Department of Neurophysiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - L Schwabe
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg 20146, Germany
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100
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Uy JP, Galván A. Individual differences in accumbofrontal tract integrity relate to risky decisions under stress in adolescents and adults. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2020; 45:100859. [PMID: 32920280 PMCID: PMC7494464 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2020.100859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychosocial stress increases risky decision-making (DM). It is widely accepted that individual variation in neural phenotypes underlie variability in this behavioral tendency in adults, but is less examined in adolescents. Our goal was to test the hypothesis that the relation between neural phenotypes and stress-related risky DM is better characterized by individual variation than by age. Using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography to characterize the accumbofrontal tract, we determined if it uniquely moderated how stress affects risky DM, over and above age. A daily diary design monitored participants’ daily stress for two weeks. Participants completed a DTI scan and performed a task in which decisions varied by expected value, once each on a day when they endorsed feeling higher (and lower) than usual levels of stress. Multilevel logistic regression analyses revealed that all participants were more likely to take risks as expected reward value increased; this behavior was greater under high versus low stress for individuals with low accumbofrontal tract integrity, whereas DM was less influenced by stress for individuals with high accumbofrontal tract integrity, regardless of age. Results suggest that individual differences in brain structure may be more germane to characterizing risky decisions in adolescents, rather than ontogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica P Uy
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Adriana Galván
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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