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Fluoroalkenyl-Grafted Chitosan Oligosaccharide Derivative: An Exploration for Control Nematode Meloidogyne Incognita. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042080. [PMID: 35216195 PMCID: PMC8875637 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The exploration of novel, environmentally friendly, and efficient nematicides is essential, and modifying natural biomacromolecules is one feasible approach. In this study, 6-O-(trifluorobutenyl-oxadiazol)-chitosan oligosaccharide derivative was synthesized and characterized by FTIR, NMR, and TG/DTG. Its bioactivity and action mode against root-knot nematode M. incognita were estimated. The results show that the derivative shows high nematicidal activity against J2s, and egg hatching inhibitory activity at 1 mg/mL. The derivative may affect nematode ROS metabolism and further damage intestinal tissue to kill nematode. Meanwhile, by synergism with improving crop resistance, the derivative performed a high control effect on the nematode with low phytotoxicity. These findings suggested that chitosan oligosaccharide derivatives bearing fluoroalkenyl groups are promising green nematicides.
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52
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Wang J, Wang P, Zhu M, Chen W, Yu S, Zhong B. Overexpression and Biochemical Properties of a GH46 Chitosanase From Marine Streptomyces hygroscopicus R1 Suitable for Chitosan Oligosaccharides Preparation. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:816845. [PMID: 35173697 PMCID: PMC8841797 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.816845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the various biological activities of chitosan oligosaccharides (COSs), they have great potential value for use in many areas. Chitosanase plays an important role in enzymatic preparation of COSs. Herein, a gene encoding a chitosanase (ShCsn46) from marine Streptomyces hygroscopicus R1 was cloned and the sequences encoding ShCsn46 without signal peptide were optimized based on the codon usage of Pichia pastoris (P. pastoris). In addition, the optimized gene was ligated to pPICZαA and transformed to P. pastoris X33. After screening, a recombinant strain named X33-Sh33 with the highest activity was isolated from 96 recombinant colonies. The maximum activity and total protein concentration of the recombinant strain ShCsn46 were 2250 U/ml and 3.98 g/l, respectively. The optimal pH and temperature of purified ShCsn46 were 5.5 and 55°C, respectively. Meanwhile, ShCsn46 was stable from pH 5.0 to 10.0 and 40 to 55°C, respectively. The purified ShCsn46 was activated by Mn2+ and inhibited by Cu2+, Fe2+, and Al3+. In addition, substrate specificity of the purified ShCsn46 showed highest activity toward colloidal chitosan with 95% degree of deacetylation. Furthermore, the purified ShCsn46 exhibited high efficiency to hydrolyze 4% colloidal chitosan to prepare COSs. COSs with degree of polymerization of 2–6, 2–5, and 2–4 were controllably produced by adjusting the reaction time. This study provides an excellent chitosanase for the controllable preparation of COSs with a desirable degree of polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianrong Wang
- Shenzhen Raink Ecology & Environment Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jianrong Wang,
| | - Ping Wang
- Shenzhen Raink Ecology & Environment Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Mujin Zhu
- Shenzhen Raink Ecology & Environment Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Shenzhen Raink Ecology & Environment Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Si Yu
- Shenzhen Raink Ecology & Environment Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Bin Zhong
- Shenzhen Raink Ecology & Environment Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
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53
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Harahap RP, Suharti S, Ridla M, Laconi EB, Nahrowi N, Irawan A, Kondo M, Obitsu T, Jayanegara A. Meta-analysis of dietary chitosan effects on performance, nutrient utilization, and product characteristics of ruminants. Anim Sci J 2022; 93:e13676. [PMID: 35028997 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan (CHI) has been used as a feed additive in ruminant diets, but the effects obtained to date have been varied. This study aimed to evaluate the dietary addition of CHI on performance, nutrient utilization, and product characteristics of ruminants by using a meta-analysis approach. A total of 15 articles that composed of 21 studies and 57 data points were included in the database. Number of articles reported the effects of dietary CHI addition were six on beef cattle, seven on dairy cows, and two papers on sheep. Data analysis was based on the mixed model methodology, in which CHI addition levels were considered as fixed effects whereas different studies were treated as random effects. Results revealed that, across various studies, CHI decreased ruminal acetate proportion (p < 0.05) and increased propionate proportion (p < 0.01). Dry matter and crude protein digestibility were elevated due to CHI addition (p < 0.05). CHI decreased blood cholesterol level (p < 0.05) and increased monounsaturated fatty acid proportion in the milk (p < 0.05). However, CHI addition had no effect on dry matter intake, milk production, and milk efficiency of ruminants. In conclusion, CHI is able to modify rumen fermentation towards a favorable direction, but it limitedly affects performance of ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakhmad P Harahap
- Study Program of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanjungpura University, Pontianak, Indonesia.,Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling Research Group (AFENUE), Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia.,Graduate Study Program of Nutrition and Feed Science, Graduate School of IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Sri Suharti
- Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Ridla
- Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Erika B Laconi
- Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Nahrowi Nahrowi
- Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Agung Irawan
- Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling Research Group (AFENUE), Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia.,Vocational Program in Animal Husbandry, Vocational School, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia.,Department of Animal and Rangeland Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Makoto Kondo
- Department of Bioresources, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Taketo Obitsu
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Anuraga Jayanegara
- Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling Research Group (AFENUE), Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia.,Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
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54
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Physiological, Transcriptomic Investigation on the Tea Plant Growth and Yield Motivation by Chitosan Oligosaccharides. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8010068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) has been abundantly studied for its application on regulating plant growth of many horticultural and agricultural crops. We presented here the effect of COS on tea plant growth and yield by physiological and transcriptomic checking. The results showed that COS treatment can enhance the antioxidant activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) and increase the content of chlorophyll and soluble sugar in tea plants. The field trail results show that COS treatment can increase tea buds’ density by 13.81–23.16%, the weight of 100 buds by 15.94–18.15%, and the yield by 14.22–21.08%. Transcriptome analysis found 5409 COS-responsive differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 3149 up-regulated and 2260 down-regulated genes, and concluded the possible metabolism pathway that responsible for COS promoting tea plant growth. Our results provided fundamental information for better understanding the molecular mechanisms for COS’s acting on tea plant growth and yield promotion and offer academic support for its practical application in tea plant.
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55
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Lin S, Cai X, Chen H, Xu Y, Wu J, Wang S. Development of fish gelatin-chitooligosaccharide conjugates through the Maillard reaction for the encapsulation of curcumin. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:1625-1639. [PMID: 36164327 PMCID: PMC9507993 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The poor water solubility, bioavailability and stability of bioactive compounds have become the bottleneck restricting their wide application, thus developing a functional carrier to realize the efficient encapsulation and activity improvement of active hydrophobic substances has become a research hotspot. In this work, a functional glycosylated fish gelatin (called FG-COS conjugates) carrier based on fish gelatin (FG) and chitooligosaccharide (COS) via Maillard reaction was developed. The functional carrier exhibited good antioxidant activity and high encapsulation of curcumin (Cur). Enhanced antioxidant effect of Cur loaded in FG-COS conjugates (called FG–COS–Cur nanoparticles) was achieved, showing remarkable UV protection on Cur and enhanced intracellular antioxidant activity of FG–COS–Cur nanoparticles. Remarkably, FG–COS–Cur nanoparticles increased the cell viability of H2O2-induced oxidative damage Caco-2 cells, drastically reduced the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and significantly increased intracellular antioxidant enzyme activities, which all exhibited a dose-response relationship. These findings suggested that the FG-COS conjugates with intrinsic antioxidant activity could effectively encapsulate Cur and improved bioavailability for hydrophobic active molecules in functional food field. Functional carrier (FG-COS conjugates) based on glycosylation FG with COS was developed. FG-COS conjugates exhibited good antioxidant activity and excellent loading capacity of Cur. FG-COS conjugates showed remarkable UV protection on Cur. FG–COS–Cur nanoparticles displayed a positive effect on the antioxidant of Cur. FG–COS–Cur nanoparticles significantly attenuated oxidative stress damage in Caco-2 cell.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jiulin Wu
- Corresponding author. College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
| | - Shaoyun Wang
- Corresponding author. College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
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56
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Osteogenic and anti-inflammatory potential of oligochitosan nanoparticles in treating osteomyelitis. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2022; 135:112681. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2022.112681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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57
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Wang J, Li X, Chen H, Lin B, Zhao L. Heterologous Expression and Characterization of a High-Efficiency Chitosanase From Bacillus mojavensis SY1 Suitable for Production of Chitosan Oligosaccharides. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:781138. [PMID: 34912320 PMCID: PMC8667621 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.781138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosanase plays an important role in enzymatic production of chitosan oligosaccharides (COSs). The present study describes the gene cloning and high-level expression of a high-efficiency chitosanase from Bacillus mojavensis SY1 (CsnBm). The gene encoding CsnBm was obtained by homologous cloning, ligated to pPICZαA, and transformed into Pichia pastoris X33. A recombinant strain designated X33-C3 with the highest activity was isolated from 120 recombinant colonies. The maximum activity and total protein concentration of recombinant strain X33-C3 were 6,052 U/ml and 3.75 g/l, respectively, which were obtained in fed-batch cultivation in a 50-l bioreactor. The optimal temperature and pH of purified CsnBm were 55°C and 5.5, respectively. Meanwhile, CsnBm was stable from pH 4.0 to 9.0 and 40 to 55°C. The purified CsnBm exhibited high activity toward colloidal chitosan with degrees of deacetylation from 85 to 95%. Furthermore, CsnBm exhibited high efficiency to hydrolyze different concentration of colloidal chitosan to produce COSs. The result of this study not only identifies a high-efficiency chitosanase for preparation of COSs, but also casts some insight into the high-level production of chitosanase in heterologous systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianrong Wang
- College of Food and Chemical Engineering, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soybean Products Processing and Safety Control, Shaoyang, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Bioengineering Research Center, Guangzhou Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Chen
- College of Food and Chemical Engineering, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soybean Products Processing and Safety Control, Shaoyang, China
| | - Bilian Lin
- College of Food and Chemical Engineering, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soybean Products Processing and Safety Control, Shaoyang, China
| | - Liangzhong Zhao
- College of Food and Chemical Engineering, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soybean Products Processing and Safety Control, Shaoyang, China
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58
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Wang H, Hu L, Du J, Peng L, Ma L, Zhang Y. Development of rheologically stable high internal phase emulsions by gelatin/chitooligosaccharide mixtures and food application. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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59
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Antimicrobial Properties of Chitosan and Chitosan Derivatives in the Treatment of Enteric Infections. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237136. [PMID: 34885715 PMCID: PMC8659174 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics played an important role in controlling the development of enteric infection. However, the emergence of antibiotic resistance and gut dysbiosis led to a growing interest in the use of natural antimicrobial agents as alternatives for therapy and disinfection. Chitosan is a nontoxic natural antimicrobial polymer and is approved by GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe by the United States Food and Drug Administration). Chitosan and chitosan derivatives can kill microbes by neutralizing negative charges on the microbial surface. Besides, chemical modifications give chitosan derivatives better water solubility and antimicrobial property. This review gives an overview of the preparation of chitosan, its derivatives, and the conjugates with other polymers and nanoparticles with better antimicrobial properties, explains the direct and indirect mechanisms of action of chitosan, and summarizes current treatment for enteric infections as well as the role of chitosan and chitosan derivatives in the antimicrobial agents in enteric infections. Finally, we suggested future directions for further research to improve the treatment of enteric infections and to develop more useful chitosan derivatives and conjugates.
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60
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Chitosan for biomedical applications, promising antidiabetic drug delivery system, and new diabetes mellitus treatment based on stem cell. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 190:417-432. [PMID: 34450151 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Since chitosan's excellent pharmacokinetic and chemical properties, it is an attractive and promising carbohydrate biopolymer in biomedical applications. Chitosan's beneficial function in the defense and propagation of pancreatic β cells, reducing hyperglycemia, and avoiding diabetes mellitus associated with impaired lipid metabolism has been demonstrated in several studies. Additionally, chitosan has also been used in various nanocarriers to deliver various antidiabetic drugs to reduce glucose levels. Herein, the first to provide the currently available potential benefits of chitosan in diabetes mellitus treatment focuses on chitosan-based nanocarriers for oral administration of various antidiabetic drugs nasal and subcutaneous passages. Moreover, chitosan is used to activate and deliver stem cells and differentiate them into cells similar to pancreatic beta cells as a new type of treatment for type one diabetes mellitus. The results of this review will be helpful in the development of promising treatments and better control of diabetes mellitus.
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61
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Ma J, Faqir Y, Tan C, Khaliq G. Terrestrial insects as a promising source of chitosan and recent developments in its application for various industries. Food Chem 2021; 373:131407. [PMID: 34715633 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan is a deacetylated form of chitin and increasingly important amino-polysaccharide used in many various sectors including agriculture, food, and biomedicine. However, chitosan from marine sources has several adverse effects, including allergenic components harmful to human health. Furthermore, marine resources are seasonal, and availability is limited due to dependency on environmental conditions and climate change. In addition, shell infection in crustaceans and environmental contamination make the harvesting of chitin and chitosan problematic. In recent years, chitosan from terrestrial insects has attracted considerable interest. The discoveries show insect chitosan is more advantageous compared to crustacean chitosan. In addition, we were unable to find any literature about the adverse effects of insect chitosan thus far. This review aims to reveal information regarding crustacean and terrestrial insect chitosan and recent advances in chitosan sources. Applications from specific insect orders and perspectives for further study will also be highlighted, including medical and sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahua Ma
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Resource Utilization and Modification of Sichuan Province, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Yahya Faqir
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Resource Utilization and Modification of Sichuan Province, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Chengjia Tan
- School of Life Science and Technology, Mianyang Teachers' College, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Ghulam Khaliq
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Balochistan, Pakistan
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62
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Chen Y, Xie Y, Ajuwon KM, Zhong R, Li T, Chen L, Zhang H, Beckers Y, Everaert N. Xylo-Oligosaccharides, Preparation and Application to Human and Animal Health: A Review. Front Nutr 2021; 8:731930. [PMID: 34568407 PMCID: PMC8458953 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.731930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) are considered as functional oligosaccharides and have great prebiotic potential. XOS are the degraded products of xylan prepared via chemical, physical or enzymatic degradation. They are mainly composed of xylose units linked by β-1, 4 bonds. XOS not only exhibit some specific physicochemical properties such as excellent water solubility and high temperature resistance, but also have a variety of functional biological activities including anti-inflammation, antioxidative, antitumor, antimicrobial properties and so on. Numerous studies have revealed in the recent decades that XOS can be applied to many food and feed products and exert their nutritional benefits. XOS have also been demonstrated to reduce the occurrence of human health-related diseases, improve the growth and resistance to diseases of animals. These effects open a new perspective on XOS potential applications for human consumption and animal production. Herein, this review aims to provide a general overview of preparation methods for XOS, and will also discuss the current application of XOS to human and animal health field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Liège University, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Yining Xie
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Kolapo M Ajuwon
- Departments of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Ruqing Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Li
- Hunan United Bio-Technology Co., Changsha, China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yves Beckers
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Liège University, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Nadia Everaert
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Liège University, Gembloux, Belgium
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63
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Tao W, Wang G, Wei J. The Role of Chitosan Oligosaccharide in Metabolic Syndrome: A Review of Possible Mechanisms. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19090501. [PMID: 34564163 PMCID: PMC8465579 DOI: 10.3390/md19090501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome, a cluster of metabolic disorders including central obesity, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, has become a major public health problem worldwide. It is of great significance to develop natural products to prevent and treat metabolic syndrome. Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) is an oligomer of chitosan prepared by the deacetylation of chitin, which is the second most abundant polymer in nature. In recent years, COS has received widespread attention due to its various biological activities. The present review will summarize the evidence from both in vitro and in vivo studies of the beneficial effects of COS on obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemia, and hypertension, and focus attention on possible mechanisms of the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome by COS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Tao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China;
| | - Geng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Jintao Wei
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China;
- Correspondence:
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64
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Shen X, Liang X, Ji X, You J, Zhuang X, Song Y, Yin H, Zhao M, Zhao L. CD36 and DGAT2 facilitate the lipid-lowering effect of chitooligosaccharides via fatty acid intake and triglyceride synthesis signaling. Food Funct 2021; 12:8681-8693. [PMID: 34351342 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01472b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the impact of chitobiose (GlcN)2 and chitotriose (GlcN)3 on lipid accumulation modification and their inhibitory functionalities. (GlcN)2 and (GlcN)3 significantly inhibited the total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipid cholesterol (LDL-c) levels in the liver of the ob/ob-/- mice fed a non-high-fat diet. This phenomenon was associated with a reduction in the mRNA and protein expression of TG synthesis and fatty acid uptake-related signaling, significantly affecting the cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) and diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2). Furthermore, the CD36 and DGAT2 genes were overexpressed by constructing a plasmid and transfecting it into HepG2 cells, after which the phenotypic traits of lipid accumulation were assessed in vitro. Consequently, it was evident that (GlcN)2 and (GlcN)3 reduced the overexpression of these proteins and relieved cellular lipid accumulation. In conclusion, these results indicated that (GlcN)2 and (GlcN)3 acted positively against NAFLD while regulating steatosis in the non-high-fat diet NAFLD model. The potential NAFLD treatment strategies, such as targeting CD36 and DGAT2 signaling, could provide scientific insight into further applying food-derived ingredients to reduce the risk of high-fat metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, R&D Center of Separation and Extraction Technology in Fermentation Industry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Xinyi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, R&D Center of Separation and Extraction Technology in Fermentation Industry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Xiaoguo Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, R&D Center of Separation and Extraction Technology in Fermentation Industry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Jiangshan You
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, R&D Center of Separation and Extraction Technology in Fermentation Industry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Xinye Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, R&D Center of Separation and Extraction Technology in Fermentation Industry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Yudong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, R&D Center of Separation and Extraction Technology in Fermentation Industry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Hao Yin
- Organ Transplant Center, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Mengyao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, R&D Center of Separation and Extraction Technology in Fermentation Industry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Liming Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, R&D Center of Separation and Extraction Technology in Fermentation Industry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China. and Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology (SCICBT), Shanghai 200237, China
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65
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Rohith G, Satheesha Babu BK. Influence of chitosan thioglycolic acid conjugate in improving bioavailability of an antiparkinson drug; Rasagiline Mesylate from transdermal patch. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2021; 47:963-976. [PMID: 34283682 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2021.1957919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Parkinson disease (PD) is a chronic disorder of central nervous system mainly affecting the motor systems. The drug of choice to treat PD is Rasagiline Mesylate (RM) and it belongs to BCS class III drug. The objective of the present study was the preparation of transdermal drug delivery system for RM. Several permeation enhancers were screened to be included in the formulation. To achieve desired flux a new strategy was developed by including in-house prepared CTC to enhance the permeation of RM. METHODS The CTC was prepared by reaction between chitosan and thioglycolicacid, characterized by determining physical properties and applying analytical tools. Seven permeation enhancers with different mechanisms were screened. The transdermal patches were prepared with chitosan along with permeation enhancer IPM, various proportions of CTC and evaluated for physical and permeation studies. The optimized transdermal patch was obtained by two factors and three responses to obtain the design space and further evaluated for pharmacokinetic studies. RESULTS The results of the present study confirmed the formation of CTC, IPM was best permeation enhancer among all. The presence of CTC in the formulations significantly improved the permeation of RM to achieve desired steady-state flux. The relative bioavailability of optimized transdermal patch was determined and it was observed that improved bioavailability as compared to marketed conventional tablets. CONCLUSION The study was concluded that CTC has significant influence on permeation enhancing ability of IPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Rohith
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Government College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, India
| | - B K Satheesha Babu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Government College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, India
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Han Lyn F, Tan CP, Zawawi R, Nur Hanani Z. Physicochemical properties of chitosan/ graphene oxide composite films and their effects on storage stability of palm-oil based margarine. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Agostini SBN, Malta IHS, Rodrigues RF, Freitas JTJ, Lino MEDS, Dos Santos RS, Elisei LS, Moraes TR, Giusto LADR, de Oliveira MK, Bassi da Silva J, Bruschi ML, Santos AMD, Nogueira DA, Novaes RD, Pereira GR, Galdino G, Carvalho FC. Preclinical evaluation of methotrexate-loaded polyelectrolyte complexes and thermosensitive hydrogels as treatment for rheumatoid arthritis. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 163:105856. [PMID: 33882329 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.105856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This work proposes new methotrexate (MTX) loaded drug delivery systems (DDS) to treat rheumatoid arthritis via the intra-articular route: a poloxamer based thermosensitive hydrogel (MTX-HG), oligochitosan and hypromellose phthalate-based polyelectrolyte complexes (MTX-PEC) and their association (MTX-PEC-HG). MTX-PEC showed 470 ± 166 nm particle size, 0.298 ± 0.108 polydispersity index, +26 ± 2 mV and 74.3 ± 5.8% MTX efficiency entrapment and particle formation was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy and thermal analysis. MTX-HG and MTX-PEC-HG gelled at 36.7°C. MTX drug release profile was prolonged for MTX-HG and MTX-PEC-HG, and faster for MTX-PEC and free MTX. The in vivo effect of the MTX-DDSs systems was evaluated in induced arthritis rats as single intra-articular dose. The assessed parameters were the mechanical nociceptive threshold, the plasmatic IL-1β level and histological analysis of the tibiofemoral joint. MTX-HG and MTX-PEC-HG performance were similar to free MTX and worse than oral MTX, used as positive control. All DDSs showed some irritative effect, for which further studies are required. MTX-PEC was the best treatment on recovering cartilage damage and decreasing allodynia. Thus, MTX-PEC demonstrated potential to treat rheumatoid arthritis, with the possibility of decreasing the systemic exposure to the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Merelym Ketterym de Oliveira
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Bassi da Silva
- Laboratório de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Sistemas de Liberação de Fármacos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Brazil
| | - Marcos Luciano Bruschi
- Laboratório de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Sistemas de Liberação de Fármacos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Brazil
| | - Aline Martins Dos Santos
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho". UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil
| | | | - Rômulo Dias Novaes
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Ribeiro Pereira
- Escola de Farmácia, Departamento de Fármacos e Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Giovane Galdino
- Instituto de Ciência da Motricidade, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Flávia Chiva Carvalho
- Escola de Farmácia, Departamento de Fármacos e Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Brazil
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68
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Zhang P, Liu S, Yang S, Wang Y, Jiang T, Yu M, Lv Z. Simultaneous determination of chito-oligosaccharides in rat plasma by the LC-MS/MS method: application to a pharmacokinetic study. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:3242-3248. [PMID: 34184005 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay00772f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A simple and sensitive method for the simultaneous determination of chito-oligosaccharides (COSs) with degrees of polymerization (DPs) from 2 to 7 was developed and used for COS quantification in rat plasma. Samples were separated on a Waters XBridge Amide column (3.5 μm, 2.1 × 150 mm) by isometric elution with 10 mM aqueous ammonium acetate (pH = 9) in acetonitrile and 10 mM aqueous ammonium acetate (pH = 9) (v/v, 50 : 50) employing multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) detection. Analytes and internal standards (IS) were extracted from rat plasma by protein precipitation with acetonitrile. The assay was linear over a concentration range of 20-10 000 ng mL-1 for COS2-7. The intra-day and inter-day precision of the investigated components exhibited an RSD within 15%, and the accuracy (RE%) ranged from -7.3% to 7.6%. The extraction recoveries of the six constituents were determined to be between 82.5% and 94.3%. No significant matrix effects for COS2-7 were observed in rat plasma. COS in plasma remained stable for 24 h at room temperature (short-term), after freeze-thaw cycles, and 30 days in a -40 °C freezer. In comparison to reported COS quantitation methods, this method is simple, sensitive and cost-effective and could be used for the simultaneous quantitation of COS2-7. This method meets the Food and Drug Administration guidelines and had been successfully applied to the analysis of pharmacokinetic samples collected from rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengpeng Zhang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shuai Liu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shuang Yang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China. and Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China and Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China and Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanhong Wang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China. and Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China and Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China and Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingfu Jiang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China. and Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China and Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China and Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingming Yu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China. and Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China and Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China and Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihua Lv
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China. and Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China and Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China and Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
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69
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Cui T, Jia A, Yao M, Zhang M, Sun C, Shi Y, Liu X, Sun J, Liu C. Characterization and Caco-2 Cell Transport Assay of Chito-Oligosaccharides Nano-Liposomes Based on Layer-by-Layer Coated. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144144. [PMID: 34299419 PMCID: PMC8306128 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chito-oligosaccharides (COSs) were encapsulated by the film-ultrasonic method into three nano-liposomes, which were uncoated liposomes (COSs-Lip), chitosan-coated liposomes (CH-COSs-Lip), and sodium alginate (SA)/chitosan (CH)-coated liposomes (SA/CH-COSs-Lip). The physicochemical and structural properties, as well as the stability and digestive characteristics, of all three nano-liposomes were assessed in the current study. Thereafter, the characteristics of intestinal absorption and transport of nano-liposomes were investigated by the Caco-2 cell monolayer. All nano-liposomes showed a smaller-sized distribution with a higher encapsulation efficiency. The ζ-potential, Z-average diameter (Dz), and polydispersity index (PDI) demonstrated that the stability of the SA/CH-COSs-Lip had much better stability than COSs-Lip and CH-COSs-Lip. In addition, the transport of the nano-liposomes via the Caco-2 cell monolayer indicated a higher transmembrane transport capacity. In summary, the chitosan and sodium alginate could serve as potential delivery systems for COSs to fortify functional foods and medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Cui
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China; (T.C.); (M.Y.); (M.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (C.L.)
- China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Native Bioresource Industry Innovation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China
| | - Airong Jia
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China; (T.C.); (M.Y.); (M.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (C.L.)
- China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Native Bioresource Industry Innovation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-531-82605355
| | - Mengke Yao
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China; (T.C.); (M.Y.); (M.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (C.L.)
- China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Native Bioresource Industry Innovation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China
| | - Miansong Zhang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China; (T.C.); (M.Y.); (M.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (C.L.)
- China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Native Bioresource Industry Innovation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China
| | - Chanchan Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China;
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Tianjin University of Science &Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yaping Shi
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China; (T.C.); (M.Y.); (M.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (C.L.)
- China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Native Bioresource Industry Innovation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China
| | - Xue Liu
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China; (T.C.); (M.Y.); (M.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (C.L.)
- China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Native Bioresource Industry Innovation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China
| | - Jimin Sun
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China; (T.C.); (M.Y.); (M.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (C.L.)
- China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Native Bioresource Industry Innovation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China
| | - Changheng Liu
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China; (T.C.); (M.Y.); (M.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (C.L.)
- China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Native Bioresource Industry Innovation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China
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70
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He N, Wang S, Lv Z, Zhao W, Li S. Low molecular weight chitosan oligosaccharides (LMW-COSs) prevent obesity-related metabolic abnormalities in association with the modification of gut microbiota in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Food Funct 2021; 11:9947-9959. [PMID: 33108433 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01871f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the two enzymatic low molecular weight chitosan oligosaccharides (LMW-COSs), LMW-COS-H and LMW-COS-L, were prepared with average MWs of 879.6 Da and 360.9 Da, respectively. Compared to LMW-COS-L, the LMW-COS-H was more effective in improving high-fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic abnormalities, such as obesity, hyperlipidemia, low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance. The subsequent analysis of gut microbiota showed that the supplement of LMW-COSs caused overall structural and genus/species-specific changes in the gut microbiota, which were significantly correlated with the metabolic parameters. Specifically, both of the LMW-COSs significantly decreased the relative abundance of inflammatory bacteria such as Erysipelatoclostridium and Alistipes, whereas that of the beneficial intestinal bacteria (such as Akkermansia and Gammaproteobacteria) increased significantly. This study suggested that there were potential prebiotic functions of LMW-COSs in HFD fed mice, which regulated the dysfunctional gut microbiota, alleviated low-grade inflammation and maintained the intestinal epithelial barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning He
- College of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, 266071, Qingdao, China.
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71
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Oliveira IDC, Vieira ÍS, Campos AK, de Araújo JV. In vitro compatibility and nematicidal activity of Monacrosporium sinense and Pochonia chlamydosporia for biological control of bovine parasitic nematodes. Parasitology 2021; 148:956-961. [PMID: 33896425 PMCID: PMC11010130 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182021000652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The use of nematophagous fungi is an alternative for the biological control of nematodes in ruminants. In this study, the compatibility of joint growth of the fungi Monacrosporium sinense and Pochonia chlamydosporia and the joint nematicidal activity of these fungal isolates on bovine infective larvae were evaluated. For that, tests of direct confrontation, the effect of volatile compounds and antibiosis were conducted. In order to carry out the tests, the fungi were inoculated in potato dextrose agar culture medium and, after the incubation period, the growth of the colonies, the formation of an inhibition halo and the effect of volatile metabolites were verified. The compatibility between fungi isolates M. sinense and P. chlamydosporia was confirmed and the nematicidal evaluation proved the best effectiveness was when both were used together, with a 98.90% reduction in the number of bovine nematode infective larvae under in vitro conditions. It was concluded that M. sinense and P. chlamydosporia presented synergistic action, suggesting that the joint application of the fungi increases the effectiveness of biological control of bovine infective larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela de Castro Oliveira
- Veterinary Department, Laboratory of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Federal University of Viçosa, Av. PH Holfs, s/n, CEP 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ítalo Stoupa Vieira
- Veterinary Department, Laboratory of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Federal University of Viçosa, Av. PH Holfs, s/n, CEP 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Artur Kanadani Campos
- Veterinary Department, Laboratory of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Federal University of Viçosa, Av. PH Holfs, s/n, CEP 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jackson Victor de Araújo
- Veterinary Department, Laboratory of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Federal University of Viçosa, Av. PH Holfs, s/n, CEP 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Alkabli J, Rizk MA, Elshaarawy RFM, El-Sayed WN. Ionic chitosan Schiff bases supported Pd(II) and Ru(II) complexes; production, characterization, and catalytic performance in Suzuki cross-coupling reactions. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 184:454-462. [PMID: 34157331 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Taking the advantage of multifunctional characteristics of chitosan (CS), we have developed new scaffolds (imidazolium-vanillyl-chitosan Schiff bases (IVCSSBs)) for supporting Pd(II) and Ru(II) ions in catalyzing Suzuki coupling reactions. The structures of new materials were described based on their elemental, spectral, thermal, and microscopic analysis. The strong interactions between the binding sites of IVCSSB ligand (OH, H-C=N, and OCH3 groups) and Pd(II) ions resulted in the formation of an excellent heterogeneous catalyst (Pd(II)IVCSSB1) with amazing catalytic activity (up to 99%) and highly stable in the reaction medium. The reusability experiments for Pd(II)IVCSSB1 revealed that there is no appreciable decrease in its catalytic activity even after five consecutive operation runs. Furthermore, this heterogeneous catalyst showed an excellent selectivity toward the cross-coupling reaction where no homo-coupling byproducts were observed in the 1H NMR spectra of the obtained products. Consequently, the present ionic catalytic system may open a new window for a novel generation of ionic bio-based catalysts for organic transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Alkabli
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences and Arts - Alkamil, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23218, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moustafa A Rizk
- Chemistry Department, College of Science and Arts-Sharurah, Najran University, Sharurah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Reda F M Elshaarawy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez University, 43533 Suez, Egypt; Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - W N El-Sayed
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences and Arts - Alkamil, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23218, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez University, 43533 Suez, Egypt.
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73
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Chapelle C, David G, Caillol S, Negrell C, Desroches Le Foll M. Advances in chitooligosaccharides chemical modifications. Biopolymers 2021; 112:e23461. [PMID: 34115397 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Chitooligosaccharides (COS) differ from chitosan by their molar mass: those of COS are defined to be lower than 20 kg mol-1 . Their functionalization is widely described in the literature and leads to the introduction of new properties that broaden their application fields. Like chitosan, COS modification sites are mainly primary amine and hydroxyl groups. Among their chemical modification, one can find amidation or esterification, epoxy-amine/hydroxyl coupling, Schiff base formation, and Michael addition. When depolymerized through nitrous deamination, COS bear an aldehyde at the chain end that can open the way to other chemical reactions and lead to the synthesis of new interesting amphiphilic structures. This article details the recent developments in COS functionalization, primarily focusing on amine and hydroxyl groups and aldehyde-chain end reactions, as well as paying considerable attention to other types of modification. We also describe and compare the different functionalization protocols found in the literature while highlighting potential mistakes made in the chemical structures accompanied with suggestions. Such chemical modification can lead to new materials that are generally nontoxic, biobased, biodegradable, and usable in various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ghislain David
- ICGM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Claire Negrell
- ICGM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
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74
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Mei QX, Hu JH, Huang ZH, Fan JJ, Huang CL, Lu YY, Wang XP, Zeng Y. Pretreatment with chitosan oligosaccharides attenuate experimental severe acute pancreatitis via inhibiting oxidative stress and modulating intestinal homeostasis. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:942-953. [PMID: 33495520 PMCID: PMC8149410 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-00581-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a severe acute abdominal disease. Recent evidence shows that intestinal homeostasis is essential for the management of acute pancreatitis. Chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) possess antioxidant activity that are effective in treating various inflammatory diseases. In this study we explored the potential therapeutic effects of COS on SAP and underlying mechanisms. Mice were treated with COS (200 mg·kg-1·d-1, po) for 4 weeks, then SAP was induced in the mice by intraperitoneal injection of caerulein. We found that COS administration significantly alleviated the severity of SAP: the serum amylase and lipase levels as well as pancreatic myeloperoxidase activity were significantly reduced. COS administration suppressed the production of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, CXCL2 and MCP1) in the pancreas and ileums. Moreover, COS administration decreased pancreatic inflammatory infiltration and oxidative stress in SAP mice, accompanied by activated Nrf2/HO-1 and inhibited TLR4/NF-κB and MAPK pathways. We further demonstrated that COS administration restored SAP-associated ileal damage and barrier dysfunction. In addition, gut microbiome analyses revealed that the beneficial effect of COS administration was associated with its ability to improve the pancreatitis-associated gut microbiota dysbiosis; in particular, probiotics Akkermansia were markedly increased, while pathogenic bacteria Escherichia-Shigella and Enterococcus were almost eliminated. The study demonstrates that COS administration remarkably attenuates SAP by reducing oxidative stress and restoring intestinal homeostasis, suggesting that COS might be a promising prebiotic agent for the treatment of SAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Xiang Mei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201600, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201600, China
| | - Jun-Hui Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201600, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201600, China
| | - Ze-Hua Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201600, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201600, China
| | - Jun-Jie Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201600, China
| | - Chun-Lan Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201600, China
| | - Ying-Ying Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201600, China
| | - Xing-Peng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201600, China.
| | - Yue Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201600, China.
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Ji XG, Chang KL, Chen M, Zhu LL, Osman A, Yin H, Zhao LM. In vitro fermentation of chitooligosaccharides and their effects on human fecal microbial community structure and metabolites. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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76
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El-Sayed W, Alkabli J, Aloqbi A, Elshaarawy RF. Optimization enzymatic degradation of chitosan into amphiphilic chitooligosaccharides for application in mitigating liver steatosis and cholesterol regulation. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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77
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Zhou L, Cai L, Ruan H, Zhang L, Wang J, Jiang H, Wu Y, Feng S, Chen J. Electrospun chitosan oligosaccharide/polycaprolactone nanofibers loaded with wound-healing compounds of Rutin and Quercetin as antibacterial dressings. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:1145-1154. [PMID: 33965491 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Burn injury has posed devastating burdens on the public health due to its inevitable damage to the skin structure resulting in the increased risk of infection. Therefore, it is highly demanding to develop efficacious antibacterial wound-healing dressing. Despite the favourable wound-healing activities, the curative efficacy of phytochemical compounds of quercetin (Qe) and its derivatives is limited by their poor water solubility. Here, we have fabricated a novel electrospun nanofiber membrane (ENM) consisting of polycaprolactone (PCL), chitosan oligosaccharides (COS), and Qe/Rutin (Ru) as the potential bioactive dressing for wound healing. The incorporation of chitosan oligosaccharides (COSs) in the PCL scaffold at the optimized molar ratio not only contributed to the improved hydrophilicity and water absorption performance of the ENM but effectively increased the specific surface area of the formed nanofibers. In particular, the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the Qe/rutin-loaded nanofiber membranes were tested, which revealed that the PCL-COS-Qe membrane exhibited superior performance among all nanofiber membranes. Therefore, the developed PCL-COS-Qe/Ru nanofiber membranes hold enormous potential as healthcare products, such as wound dressings for burn injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuzhu Zhou
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 211166 Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Cai
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 211166 Nanjing, China
| | - Hongjie Ruan
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, 123 Tianfei Lane, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 211166 Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 211166 Nanjing, China
| | - Huijun Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, 211166 Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shanwu Feng
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, 123 Tianfei Lane, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Jin Chen
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 211166 Nanjing, China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 211166 Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Antibody Drug, Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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78
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Wu J, Yang R, Gao M, Zhang H, Zhan X. Synthesis of functional oligosaccharides and their derivatives through cocultivation and cellular NTP regeneration. ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2021; 115:35-63. [PMID: 34140133 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aambs.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates play an important role in the life cycle. Among them, functional oligosaccharides show a complex and diverse structures with unique physiological activities and biological functions. However, different preparation methods directly affect the structure, molecular weight, and other functions of oligosaccharides, as well as their application fields and manufacturing costs. In the preparation of β-1,3-glucan oligosaccharides (OBGs), water insolubility of β-1,3-glucans hampers the hydrolysis efficiency. The synthesis of some functional oligosaccharides requires the consumption of energy substrates, such as ATP, CTP, and uridine triphosphate, for sugar nucleotide synthesis, leading to increased capital costs. A more economical solution to solve energy supply is to adopt microbial cocultivation or cellular nucleoside triphosphate regeneration. This review focused on the sources, preparation methods, biological activities of OBG, and the cultivation methods and applications of microbial cocultivation and fermentation. We also reviewed the preparation methods of other functional oligosaccharides, such as sialylated oligosaccharides, β-nicotinamide mononucleotide, and α-galacto-oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianrong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ruoyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Minjie Gao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongtao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaobei Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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79
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Zhai X, Li C, Ren D, Wang J, Ma C, Abd El-Aty AM. The impact of chitooligosaccharides and their derivatives on the in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity: A comprehensive review. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 266:118132. [PMID: 34044948 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chitooligosaccharides (COS) are the degraded products of chitin or chitosan. COS is water-soluble, non-cytotoxic to organisms, readily absorbed through the intestine, and eliminated primarily through the kidneys. COS possess a wide range of biological activities, including immunomodulation, cholesterol-lowering, and antitumor activity. Although work on COS goes back at least forty years, several aspects remain unclear. This review narrates the recent developments in COS antitumor activities, while paying considerable attention to the impacts of physicochemical properties (such as molecular weight and degrees of deacetylation) and chemical modifications both in vitro and in vivo. COS derivatives not only improve some physicochemical properties, but also expand the range of applications in drug and gene delivery. COS (itself or as a drug carrier) can inhibit tumor cell proliferation and metastasis, which might be attributed to its ability to stimulate the immune response along with its anti-angiogenic activity. Further, an attempt has been made to report limitations and future research. The potential health benefits of COS and its derivatives against cancer may offer a new insight on their applications in food and medical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingchen Zhai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, 100083 Beijing, PR China.
| | - Chaonan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, 100083 Beijing, PR China
| | - Difeng Ren
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, 100083 Beijing, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Product, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081 Beijing, PR China.
| | - Chao Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, 100083 Beijing, PR China
| | - A M Abd El-Aty
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12211 Giza, Egypt; Department of Medical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
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80
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Yue L, Zheng M, Wang M, Khan IM, Wang B, Ma X, Peng C, Wang Z, Xia W. A general strategy to synthesis chitosan oligosaccharide-O-Terpenol derivatives with antibacterial properties. Carbohydr Res 2021; 503:108315. [PMID: 33865180 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2021.108315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of the present study are to synthesize a series of chitosan oligosaccharide-O-Terpenol (COS-O-Ter) derivatives and their implication to evaluate in vitro antibacterial activity. Herein, a general strategy is described for preparing COS-O-Ter derivatives, including substitution and deprotection reactions. The structures of COS-O-Ter derivatives were characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, XRD, TGA, and elemental analysis. COS-O-Ter derivatives revealed the excellent solubility and in vitro antibacterial activity. Moreover, their antibacterial activities were more sensitive to Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) than Escherichia coli (E. coli) indicating the effective potential application of COS-O-Ter derivatives as natural antibacterial agents. The aforementioned study opens a pave to expand the application scope of COS and its derivatives in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, PR China.
| | - Meihong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
| | - Imran Mahmood Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
| | - Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
| | - Xiaoyuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
| | - Chifang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
| | - Zhouping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
| | - Wenshui Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
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81
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Wang Y, Wen R, Liu D, Zhang C, Wang ZA, Du Y. Exploring Effects of Chitosan Oligosaccharides on the DSS-Induced Intestinal Barrier Impairment In Vitro and In Vivo. Molecules 2021; 26:2199. [PMID: 33920375 PMCID: PMC8070450 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal barrier dysfunction is an essential pathological change in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The mucus layer and the intestinal epithelial tight junction act together to maintain barrier integrity. Studies showed that chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) had a positive effect on gut health, effectively protecting the intestinal barrier in IBD. However, these studies usually focused on its impact on the intestinal epithelial tight junction. The influence of COS on the intestinal mucus layer is still poorly understood. In this study, we explored the effect of COS on intestinal mucus in vitro using human colonic mucus-secreted HT-29 cells. COS relieved DSS (dextran sulfate sodium)-induced mucus defects. Additionally, the structural characteristics of COS greatly influenced this activity. Finally, we evaluated the protective effect of COS on intestinal barrier function in mice with DSS-induced colitis. The results indicated that COS could manipulate intestinal mucus production, which likely contributed to its intestinal protective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (Y.W.); (R.W.); (D.L.)
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rong Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (Y.W.); (R.W.); (D.L.)
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610101, China
| | - Dongdong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (Y.W.); (R.W.); (D.L.)
| | - Chen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (Y.W.); (R.W.); (D.L.)
| | - Zhuo A. Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (Y.W.); (R.W.); (D.L.)
| | - Yuguang Du
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (Y.W.); (R.W.); (D.L.)
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82
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Li Y, Gou Y, Liu Z, Xie T, Wang G. Structure-based rational design of chitosanase CsnMY002 for high yields of chitobiose. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 202:111692. [PMID: 33744813 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) are attractive active molecules for biomedical applications. Currently, the prohibitively high cost of producing fully defined COS hampers extensive studies on their biological activity and restricts their use in various industries. Thus, cost-effective production of pure COS is of major importance. In this report, chitosanase from Bacillus subtilis MY002 (CsnMY002) was prepared for COS production. The structure of apo CsnMY002 displayed an unexpected tunnel-like substrate-binding site and the structure of the CsnMY002_E19A/(GlcN)6 complex highlighted the "4 + 2″ splitting of hexaglucosamine even though the "3 + 3″ splitting is also observed in the TLC analysis of the enzyme products for hexaglucosamine. Structure based rational design was performed to generate mutants for chitobiose production. The CsnMY002_G21 K mutant produced chitobiose with a relative content > 87 % from chitosan with a low degree of acetylation, and 50.65 mg chitobiose with a purity > 98 % was prepared from 100 mg chitosan. The results provide insight on the catalytic mechanism of chitosanase and underpin future biomedical applications of pure chitobiose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubin Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610041, China; College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yan Gou
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhongchuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Tian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ganggang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610041, China; The Innovative Academy of Seed Design (INASEED), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
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83
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N-acetyl-chitooligosaccharide attenuates inflammatory responses by suppression of NF-κB signaling, MAPK and NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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84
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Benchamas G, Huang G, Huang S, Huang H. Preparation and biological activities of chitosan oligosaccharides. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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85
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Vieira TF, Corrêa RCG, Peralta RA, Peralta-Muniz-Moreira RF, Bracht A, Peralta RM. An Overview of Structural Aspects and Health Beneficial Effects of Antioxidant Oligosaccharides. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:1759-1777. [PMID: 32039673 DOI: 10.2174/1381612824666180517120642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-digestible oligosaccharides are versatile sources of chemical diversity, well known for their prebiotic actions, found naturally in plants or produced by chemical or enzymatic synthesis or by hydrolysis of polysaccharides. Compared to polyphenols or even polysaccharides, the antioxidant potential of oligosaccharides is still unexplored. The aim of the present work was to provide an up-to-date, broad and critical contribution on the topic of antioxidant oligosaccharides. METHODS The search was performed by crossing the words oligosaccharides and antioxidant. Whenever possible, attempts at establishing correlations between chemical structure and antioxidant activity were undertaken. RESULTS The most representative in vitro and in vivo studies were compiled in two tables. Chitooligosaccharides and xylooligosaccharides and their derivatives were the most studied up to now. The antioxidant activities of oligosaccharides depend on the degree of polymerization and the method used for depolymerization. Other factors influencing the antioxidant strength are solubility, monosaccharide composition, the type of glycosidic linkages of the side chains, molecular weight, reducing sugar content, the presence of phenolic groups such as ferulic acid, and the presence of uronic acid, among others. Modification of the antioxidant capacity of oligosaccharides has been achieved by adding diverse organic groups to their structures, thus increasing also the spectrum of potentially useful molecules. CONCLUSION A great amount of high-quality evidence has been accumulating during the last decade in support of a meaningful antioxidant activity of oligosaccharides and derivatives. Ingestion of antioxidant oligosaccharides can be visualized as beneficial to human and animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiane F Vieira
- Program Post-graduated of Food Science, Universidade Estadual de Maringa, Maringa, PR, Brazil
| | - Rúbia C G Corrêa
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.,Program of Master in Science, Technology and Food Safety, Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation (ICETI), Centro Universitário de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rosely A Peralta
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Adelar Bracht
- Program Post-graduated of Food Science, Universidade Estadual de Maringa, Maringa, PR, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Rosane M Peralta
- Program Post-graduated of Food Science, Universidade Estadual de Maringa, Maringa, PR, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
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86
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Zhao S, Gao Q, Rong C, Wang S, Zhao Z, Liu Y, Xu J. Immunomodulatory Effects of Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms and Their Bioactive Immunoregulatory Products. J Fungi (Basel) 2020; 6:E269. [PMID: 33171663 PMCID: PMC7712035 DOI: 10.3390/jof6040269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mushrooms have been valued as food and health supplements by humans for centuries. They are rich in dietary fiber, essential amino acids, minerals, and many bioactive compounds, especially those related to human immune system functions. Mushrooms contain diverse immunoregulatory compounds such as terpenes and terpenoids, lectins, fungal immunomodulatory proteins (FIPs) and polysaccharides. The distributions of these compounds differ among mushroom species and their potent immune modulation activities vary depending on their core structures and fraction composition chemical modifications. Here we review the current status of clinical studies on immunomodulatory activities of mushrooms and mushroom products. The potential mechanisms for their activities both in vitro and in vivo were summarized. We describe the approaches that have been used in the development and application of bioactive compounds extracted from mushrooms. These developments have led to the commercialization of a large number of mushroom products. Finally, we discuss the problems in pharmacological applications of mushrooms and mushroom products and highlight a few areas that should be improved before immunomodulatory compounds from mushrooms can be widely used as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhao
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (S.Z.); (Q.G.); (C.R.); (S.W.); (Z.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Qi Gao
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (S.Z.); (Q.G.); (C.R.); (S.W.); (Z.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Chengbo Rong
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (S.Z.); (Q.G.); (C.R.); (S.W.); (Z.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Shouxian Wang
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (S.Z.); (Q.G.); (C.R.); (S.W.); (Z.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Zhekun Zhao
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (S.Z.); (Q.G.); (C.R.); (S.W.); (Z.Z.); (Y.L.)
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (S.Z.); (Q.G.); (C.R.); (S.W.); (Z.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jianping Xu
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
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87
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Mei Q, Deng G, Huang Z, Yin Y, Li C, Hu J, Fu Y, Wang X, Zeng Y. Porous COS@SiO 2 Nanocomposites Ameliorate Severe Acute Pancreatitis and Associated Lung Injury by Regulating the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway in Mice. Front Chem 2020; 8:720. [PMID: 33134248 PMCID: PMC7579426 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is associated with high rates of mortality and morbidity. Chitosan oligosaccharides (COSs) are agents with antioxidant properties. We developed porous COS@SiO2 nanocomposites to study the protective effects and mechanisms of COS nanomedicine for the treatment of acute pancreatitis. Porous COS@SiO2 nanocomposites released COSs slowly under pH control, enabling sustained release and maintaining the drug at a higher concentration. This study aimed to determine whether porous COS@SiO2 nanocomposites ameliorate SAP and associated lung injury. The SAP model was established in male C57BL/6 mice by intraperitoneal injection of caerulein. The expression levels of myeloperoxidase, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and inflammatory cytokines were detected, and a histological analysis of mouse pancreatic and lung tissues was performed. In the SAP groups, systemic inflammation and oxidative stress occurred, and pathological damage to the pancreas and lung was obvious. Combined with porous COS@SiO2 nanocomposites before treatment, the systemic inflammatory response was obviously reduced, as were oxidative stress indicators in targeted tissues. It was found that Nrf2 was significantly activated in the COS@SiO2 treatment group, and the expressions of NF-κB and the NLRP3 inflammasome were notably decreased. In addition, this protective effect was significantly weakened when Nrf2 signaling was inhibited by ML385. This demonstrated that porous COS@SiO2 nanocomposites activate the Nrf2 signaling pathway to inhibit oxidative stress and reduce the expression of NF-κB and the NLRP3 inflammasome and the release of inflammatory factors, thus blocking the systemic inflammatory response and ultimately ameliorating SAP and associated lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixiang Mei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoying Deng
- Trauma Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zehua Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Yin
- Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunlin Li
- Trauma Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junhui Hu
- Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Fu
- Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingpeng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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88
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Zhu L, Li R, Jiao S, Wei J, Yan Y, Wang ZA, Li J, Du Y. Blood-Brain Barrier Permeable Chitosan Oligosaccharides Interfere with β-Amyloid Aggregation and Alleviate β-Amyloid Protein Mediated Neurotoxicity and Neuroinflammation in a Dose- and Degree of Polymerization-Dependent Manner. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18100488. [PMID: 32992800 PMCID: PMC7650801 DOI: 10.3390/md18100488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
It is proven that β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregates containing cross-β-sheet structures led to oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and neuronal loss via multiple pathways. Therefore, reduction of Aβ neurotoxicity via inhibiting aggregation of Aβ or dissociating toxic Aβ aggregates into nontoxic forms might be effective therapeutic methods for Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment. This study was designed to explore interference of chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) on β-(1-42)-amyloid protein (Aβ42) aggregation and Aβ42-induced cytotoxicity. Here it was demonstrated that COS showed good blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration ability in vitro and in vivo. The experimental results showed that COS efficiently interfered with Aβ42 aggregation in dose- and degree of polymerization (DP)-dependent manners, and COS monomer with DP6 showed the best effect on preventing conformational transition into β-sheet-rich structures. Based on the binding affinity analysis by microscale thermophoresis (MST), it was confirmed that COS could directly bind with Aβ42 in a DP-dependent manner. Our findings demonstrated that different performance of COS monomers with different DPs against Aβ42 assembly was, to some extent, attributable to their different binding capacities with Aβ42. As a result, COS significantly ameliorated Aβ42-induced cytotoxicity. Taken together, our studies would point towards a potential role of COS in treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limeng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (L.Z.); (R.L.); (S.J.); (J.W.); (Y.Y.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ruilian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (L.Z.); (R.L.); (S.J.); (J.W.); (Y.Y.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Siming Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (L.Z.); (R.L.); (S.J.); (J.W.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Jinhua Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (L.Z.); (R.L.); (S.J.); (J.W.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yalu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (L.Z.); (R.L.); (S.J.); (J.W.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Zhuo A. Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (L.Z.); (R.L.); (S.J.); (J.W.); (Y.Y.)
- Correspondence: (Z.A.W.); (J.L.); (Y.D.)
| | - Jianjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (L.Z.); (R.L.); (S.J.); (J.W.); (Y.Y.)
- Correspondence: (Z.A.W.); (J.L.); (Y.D.)
| | - Yuguang Du
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (L.Z.); (R.L.); (S.J.); (J.W.); (Y.Y.)
- Correspondence: (Z.A.W.); (J.L.); (Y.D.)
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89
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Catalytic Degradation of Chitosan by Supported Heteropoly Acids in Heterogeneous Systems. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10091078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Several kinds of composite materials with phosphotungstic acid (PTA) as the catalyst were prepared with activated carbon as support, and their structures were characterized. According to the Box–Behnken central combination principle, the mathematical model of the heterogeneous system is established. Based on the single-factor experiments, the reaction temperature, the reaction time, the amount of hydrogen peroxide and the loading capacity of PTA were selected as the influencing factors to study the catalyzed oxidation of hydrogen peroxide and degradation of high molecular weight chitosan. The results of IR showed that the catalyst had a Keggin structure. The results of the mercury intrusion test showed that the pore structure of the supported PTA catalyst did not change significantly, and with the increase of PTA loading, the porosity and pore volume decreased regularly, which indicated that PTA molecules had been absorbed and filled into the pore of activated carbon. The results of Response Surface Design (RSD) showed that the optimum reaction conditions of supported PTA catalysts for oxidative degradation of high molecular weight chitosan by hydrogen peroxide were as follows: reaction temperature was 70 ℃, reaction time was 3.0 h, the ratio of hydrogen peroxide to chitosan was 2.4 and the catalyst loading was 30%. Under these conditions, the yield and molecular weight of water-soluble chitosan were 62.8% and 1290 Da, respectively. The supported PTA catalyst maintained high catalytic activity after three reuses, which indicated that the supported PTA catalyst had excellent catalytic activity and stable performance compared with the PTA catalyst.
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90
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Jia X, Rajib MR, Yin H. Recognition Pattern, Functional Mechanism and Application of Chitin and Chitosan Oligosaccharides in Sustainable Agriculture. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:3508-3521. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200617165915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Application of chitin attracts much attention in the past decades as the second abundant
polysaccharides in the world after cellulose. Chitin oligosaccharides (CTOS) and its deacetylated derivative chitosan
oligosaccharides (COS) were shown great potentiality in agriculture by enhancing plant resistance to abiotic
or biotic stresses, promoting plant growth and yield, improving fruits quality and storage, etc. Those applications
have already served huge economic and social benefits for many years. However, the recognition mode and functional
mechanism of CTOS and COS on plants have gradually revealed just in recent years.
Objective:
Recognition pattern and functional mechanism of CTOS and COS in plant together with application
status of COS in agricultural production will be well described in this review. By which we wish to promote
further development and application of CTOS and COS–related products in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Jia
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Mijanur R. Rajib
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Heng Yin
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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91
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Jia X, Zeng H, Bose SK, Wang W, Yin H. Chitosan oligosaccharide induces resistance to Pst DC3000 in Arabidopsis via a non-canonical N-glycosylation regulation pattern. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 250:116939. [PMID: 33049851 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Roles of protein N-glycosylation in chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) induced resistance were investigated in the present study. Results demonstrated that N-glycosylation deficient Arabidopsis mutants (stt3a and ManI) were more susceptible against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst DC3000) than wild type (WT) plants. Surprisingly, in stt3a and ManI, COS-induced resistance to Pst DC3000 was mostly intact, and the up-regulation effect on SA- and JA-mediated signalling pathways also similar like WT. Nucleotide sugars accumulation and N-glycosylation related genes expression were differently regulated after COS treatment. Global glycomics analysis quantified 157 N-glycan isomers, and 56.7, 50.3 and 47.1 % of them were significantly changed in COS, mock + Pst, and COS + Pst treated plants, respectively. Moreover, COS pretreatment could reverse the effect of Pst DC3000 on many N-glycans, suggesting that COS regulates protein N-glycosylation via a non-canonical pattern compared with plant defense, which may contribute to its obvious disease control effect when N-glycosylation impairment occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Jia
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Haihong Zeng
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Santosh Kumar Bose
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Wenxia Wang
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Heng Yin
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
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92
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Inhibition of glucuronomannan hexamer on the proliferation of lung cancer through binding with immunoglobulin G. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 248:116785. [PMID: 32919573 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The anti-lung cancer activity of oligosaccharides derived from glucuronomannan was investigated. The inhibition of A549 cell proliferation by glucuronomannan (Gn) and its oligomers (dimer (G2), tetramer (G4) and hexamer (G6)) were concentration dependent. In vivo activities on the A549-derived tumor xenografts showed the tumor inhibition of G2, G4 and G6 were 17 %, 40 % and 46 %, respectively. Organ coefficients in nude mice showed an increase in the kidney with G4, the brain with G6, and the spleen with G6. An advanced tandem mass tag labeled proteomics approach was performed. A significant differential expression was found in 59 out of the 4371 proteins, which involved the immune system. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) studies revealed G6 was strongly bound to immunoglobulin G. This suggests that glucuronomannan hexamer inhibits the proliferation of lung cancer through its binding to immunoglobulin.
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93
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Fan Z, Qin Y, Liu S, Xing R, Yu H, Li P. Chitosan Oligosaccharide Fluorinated Derivative Control Root-Knot Nematode ( Meloidogyne incognita) Disease Based on the Multi-Efficacy Strategy. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18050273. [PMID: 32455898 PMCID: PMC7281207 DOI: 10.3390/md18050273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant root-knot nematode disease is a great agricultural problem and commercially available nematicides have the disadvantages of high toxicity and limited usage; thus, it is urgent to develop new nematicides derived from nature substances. In this study, a novel fluorinated derivative was synthesized by modifying chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) using the strategy of multiple functions. The derivatives were characterized by FTIR, NMR, elemental analysis, and TG/DTG. The activity assays show that the derivatives can effectively kill the second instar larvae of Meloidogyne incognita in vitro, among them, chitosan-thiadiazole-trifluorobutene (COSSZFB) perform high eggs hatching inhibitory activity. The derivatives can regulate plant growth (photosynthetic pigment), improve immunity (chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase), and show low cytotoxicity and phytotoxicity. According to the multi-functional activity, the derivatives exhibit a good control effect on plant root-knot nematode disease in vivo. The results demonstrate that the COS derivatives (especially fluorinated derivative) perform multiple activities and show the potential to be further evaluated as nematicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqian Fan
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; (Z.F.); (S.L.); (R.X.); (H.Y.)
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yukun Qin
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; (Z.F.); (S.L.); (R.X.); (H.Y.)
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Q.); (P.L.); Tel.: +86-0532-8289-8641 (Y.Q.); +86-0532-8289-8707 (P.L.)
| | - Song Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; (Z.F.); (S.L.); (R.X.); (H.Y.)
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Ronge Xing
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; (Z.F.); (S.L.); (R.X.); (H.Y.)
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Huahua Yu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; (Z.F.); (S.L.); (R.X.); (H.Y.)
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Pengcheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; (Z.F.); (S.L.); (R.X.); (H.Y.)
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Q.); (P.L.); Tel.: +86-0532-8289-8641 (Y.Q.); +86-0532-8289-8707 (P.L.)
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94
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Zhu L, Hu B, Guo Y, Yang H, Zheng J, Yao X, Hu H, Liu H. Effect of Chitosan oligosaccharides on ischemic symptom and gut microbiota disbalance in mice with hindlimb ischemia. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 240:116271. [PMID: 32475560 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to explore the effect of Chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) on mouse hindlimb ischemia by femoral artery ligation. Here, we demonstrated that COS treatment statistically promoted the blood perfusion and neovascularization in ischemic hindlimb of mice, accompanied by the suppression of inflammation and oxidative stress. By 16S rDNA gene sequencing, the disbalanced gut microbiota was observed in ischemic mice, while COS treatment, at least in part, restored the abundance changes of some intestinal bacteria at either phylum or genus levels. Based on metabolomics analysis on mouse plasma by UPLC-QTOF-MS, we screened 20 metabolites with the largest responses to ischemia, several of which were markedly reversed by COS. By Spearman's correlation analysis, the changed metabolites might act as a bridge between improved intestinal bacterial structure and alleviated hindlimb ischemia of mice treated by COS. Our studies point towards a potential role of COS in treatment of peripheral ischemia diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Baifei Hu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Yanlei Guo
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanshan Road 34, Chongqing 400065, PR China
| | - Huabing Yang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Junping Zheng
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Yao
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Haiming Hu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, PR China.
| | - Hongtao Liu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, PR China; Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanshan Road 34, Chongqing 400065, PR China.
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95
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Characterization and toxicology evaluation of low molecular weight chitosan on zebrafish. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 240:116164. [PMID: 32475540 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan is suggested as no or low toxicity and biocompatible biomaterial. Digestion of chitosan to reduce molecular weight and formulate nanoparticle was generally used to improve efficiency for DNA or protein delivery. However, the toxicity of low-molecular-weight chitosan (LMWCS) towards freshwater fishes has not been well evaluated. Here, we reported the toxic mechanism of LMWCS using zebrafish (Danio rerio) liver (ZFL) cell line, zebrafish larvae, and adult fish. LMWCS rapidly induced cytotoxicity of ZFL cells and death of zebrafish. Cell membrane damaged by LMWCS reduced cell viability. Damaged membrane of epithelial cell in zebrafish larvae induced breakage of the yolk. Adult fish exhibited hypoxia before death due to multiple damages induced by LMWCS. Although the toxicity of LMWCS was revealed in zebrafish model, the toxicity was only present in pH < 7 and easy be neutralized by other negative ions. Collectively, these data improved a new understanding of LMWCS properties.
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96
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Comparative study of chitosan and silk fibroin staple microfibers on removal of chromium (VI): Fabrication, kinetics and thermodynamic studies. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 234:115861. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.115861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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97
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Ma C, Li X, Yang K, Li S. Characterization of a New Chitosanase from a Marine Bacillus sp. and the Anti-Oxidant Activity of Its Hydrolysate. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18020126. [PMID: 32092959 PMCID: PMC7073567 DOI: 10.3390/md18020126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitooligosaccharide (COS) has been recognized to exhibit efficient anti-oxidant activity. Enzymatic hydrolysis using chitosanases can retain all the amino and hydroxyl groups of chitosan, which are necessary for its activity. In this study, a new chitosanase encoding gene, csnQ, was cloned from the marine Bacillus sp. Q1098 and expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant chitosanase, CsnQ, showed maximal activity at pH 5.31 and 60 °C. Determination of CsnQ pH-stability showed that CsnQ could retain more than 50% of its activity over a wide pH, from 3.60 to 9.80. CsnQ is an endo-type chitosanase, yielding chitodisaccharide as the main product. Additionally, in vitro and in vivo analyses indicated that chitodisaccharide possesses much more effective anti-oxidant activity than glucosamine and low molecular weight chitosan (LMW-CS) (~5 kDa). Notably, to our knowledge, this is the first evidence that chitodisaccharide is the minimal COS fragment required for free radical scavenging.
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98
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Pandit A, Deshpande C, Patil S, Jain R, Dandekar P. Mechanistic insights into controlled depolymerization of Chitosan using H-Mordenite. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 230:115600. [PMID: 31887872 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Kinetics of chitosan depolymerization were studied in dilute acetic acid solution, in presence of H-Mordenite (H-MOR). Rate constants for chitosan depolymerization were determined by measurement of molecular weight, using Gel permeation Chromatography (GPC). Depolymerization rate of chitosan was altered in presence of an acidic, porous material like H-MOR. Maximum concentration of H-MOR studied during process led to minimal increase in energy of activation, from 20.54 kJ/moL to 23.25 kJ/moL. Infra-red spectroscopy, adsorption studies and rheological assessment indicated adsorption /grafting of chitosan onto porous H-MOR surface as the possible mechanism for facilitation of the depolymerization process. Under extreme conditions investigated during process optimization, H-MOR resulted in a three-fold reduction in 5-Hydroxy Methyl Furfural (5-HMF) formation and over ten times decrease in glucosamine content, as compared to reactions conducted without H-MOR. Therefore, presence of H-MOR is imperative to cleave chitosan in controlled manner and obtain products of desired molecular weight, with fewer impurities.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pandit
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai-19, India
| | - C Deshpande
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai-19, India
| | - S Patil
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai-19, India
| | - R Jain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai-19, India.
| | - P Dandekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai-19, India.
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99
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Cheng Z, Zhang W, Hou X, Wang B, Zhu Y, Zhang P, Zhao F, Chen D. Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of Redox-Sensitive Chitosan Oligosaccharide Nanoparticles Coated with Phycocyanin for Drug Delivery. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2019; 14:389. [PMID: 31865462 PMCID: PMC6925613 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-019-3207-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a type of phycocyanin (PC)-functionalized and curcumin (CUR)-loaded biotin-chitosan oligosaccharide-dithiodipropionic acid-curcumin (BCSC) nanoparticles, called CUR-BCSC@PCs, were designed to enhance the biocompatibility of CUR. The structure of BCSC was confirmed using 1H-NMR. In CUR-BCSC@PCs with an average hydrodynamic diameter of 160.3 ± 9.0 nm, the biomimetic protein corona gave the nanoparticles excellent stability and the potential to avoid protein adsorption in blood circulation. The in vitro release experiment verified that CUR-BCSC@PCs with redox responsive shells were sensitive to high concentrations of glutathione. In addition, CUR-BCSC@PCs were effective at increasing the inhibitory activity on the proliferation of A549 cells by enhancing the intracellular uptake of CUR. These results indicated that CUR-BCSC@PCs have great application prospects in cancer therapy as effective drug delivery carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziting Cheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs, Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoya Hou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs, Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingjie Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs, Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanping Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs, Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs, Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs, Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Daquan Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs, Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, People's Republic of China.
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