51
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Huang LH, Zinselmeyer BH, Chang CH, Saunders BT, Elvington A, Baba O, Broekelmann TJ, Qi L, Rueve JS, Swartz MA, Kim BS, Mecham RP, Wiig H, Thomas MJ, Sorci-Thomas MG, Randolph GJ. Interleukin-17 Drives Interstitial Entrapment of Tissue Lipoproteins in Experimental Psoriasis. Cell Metab 2019; 29:475-487.e7. [PMID: 30415924 PMCID: PMC6365189 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Lipoproteins trapped in arteries drive atherosclerosis. Extravascular low-density lipoprotein undergoes receptor uptake, whereas high-density lipoprotein (HDL) interacts with cells to acquire cholesterol and then recirculates to plasma. We developed photoactivatable apoA-I to understand how HDL passage through tissue is regulated. We focused on skin and arteries of healthy mice versus those with psoriasis, which carries cardiovascular risk in man. Our findings suggest that psoriasis-affected skin lesions program interleukin-17-producing T cells in draining lymph nodes to home to distal skin and later to arteries. There, these cells mediate thickening of the collagenous matrix, such that larger molecules including lipoproteins become entrapped. HDL transit was rescued by depleting CD4+ T cells, neutralizing interleukin-17, or inhibiting lysyl oxidase that crosslinks collagen. Experimental psoriasis also increased vascular stiffness and atherosclerosis via this common pathway. Thus, interleukin-17 can reduce lipoprotein trafficking and increase vascular stiffness by, at least in part, remodeling collagen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hao Huang
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Bernd H Zinselmeyer
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Chih-Hao Chang
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Brian T Saunders
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Andrew Elvington
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Osamu Baba
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | | | - Lina Qi
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Joseph S Rueve
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Melody A Swartz
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Brian S Kim
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Robert P Mecham
- Department of Cell Biology, Washington University, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Helge Wiig
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, Bergen 5009, Norway
| | - Michael J Thomas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Mary G Sorci-Thomas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, and Blood Research Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Gwendalyn J Randolph
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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52
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Lee J, Aoki T, Thumkeo D, Siriwach R, Yao C, Narumiya S. T cell-intrinsic prostaglandin E 2-EP2/EP4 signaling is critical in pathogenic T H17 cell-driven inflammation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 143:631-643. [PMID: 29935220 PMCID: PMC6354914 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND IL-23 is the key cytokine for generation of pathogenic IL-17-producing helper T (TH17) cells, which contribute critically to autoimmune diseases. However, how IL-23 generates pathogenic TH17 cells remains to be elucidated. OBJECTIVES We sought to examine the involvement, molecular mechanisms, and clinical implications of prostaglandin (PG) E2-EP2/EP4 signaling in induction of IL-23-driven pathogenic TH17 cells. METHODS The role of PGE2 in induction of pathogenic TH17 cells was investigated in mouse TH17 cells in culture in vitro and in an IL-23-induced psoriasis mouse model in vivo. Clinical relevance of the findings in mice was examined by using gene expression profiling of IL-23 and PGE2-EP2/EP4 signaling in psoriatic skin from patients. RESULTS IL-23 induces Ptgs2, encoding COX2 in TH17 cells, and produces PGE2, which acts back on the PGE receptors EP2 and EP4 in these cells and enhances IL-23-induced expression of an IL-23 receptor subunit gene, Il23r, by activating signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3, cAMP-responsive element binding protein 1, and nuclear factor κ light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) through cyclic AMP-protein kinase A signaling. This PGE2 signaling also induces expression of various inflammation-related genes, which possibly function in TH17 cell-mediated pathology. Combined deletion of EP2 and EP4 selectively in T cells suppressed accumulation of IL-17A+ and IL-17A+IFN-γ+ pathogenic Th17 cells and abolished skin inflammation in an IL-23-induced psoriasis mouse model. Analysis of human psoriatic skin biopsy specimens shows positive correlation between PGE2 signaling and the IL-23/TH17 pathway. CONCLUSIONS T cell-intrinsic EP2/EP4 signaling is critical in IL-23-driven generation of pathogenic TH17 cells and consequent pathogenesis in the skin.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cells, Cultured
- Cyclic AMP/metabolism
- Dinoprostone/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Humans
- Imiquimod
- Inflammation/immunology
- Interleukin-23/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Psoriasis/immunology
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP2 Subtype/genetics
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP2 Subtype/metabolism
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype/genetics
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Th17 Cells/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinju Lee
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto, Japan; Kyoto University, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Aoki
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto, Japan; Center for Innovation in Immunoregulation Technology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Dean Thumkeo
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto, Japan; Center for Innovation in Immunoregulation Technology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ratklao Siriwach
- Center for Innovation in Immunoregulation Technology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Chengcan Yao
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
| | - Shuh Narumiya
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto, Japan; Center for Innovation in Immunoregulation Technology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
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53
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The multifaceted role of Notch signal in regulating T cell fate. Immunol Lett 2019; 206:59-64. [PMID: 30629981 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Notch signaling pathway facilitates important cellular functions of the host. Notch signal is essential for the development of T cells, and the role of Notch in fine tuning of αβ versus γδ T cell lineage commitment is fundamentally different in mice and human. The Notch family of cell surface receptor likewise plays a critical role in regulating T cell activation, and influences T cell response both intrinsically and through the local environment. In this review, we take an overview of Notch signaling pathway and also emphasize the role of Notch signal in T cell lineage differentiation and activating effector function of peripheral T cells.
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54
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Sungnak W, Wang C, Kuchroo VK. Multilayer regulation of CD4 T cell subset differentiation in the era of single cell genomics. Adv Immunol 2019; 141:1-31. [PMID: 30904130 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
CD4 T cells are major immune cell types that mediate effector responses appropriate for diverse incoming threats. These cells have been categorized into different subsets based on how they are induced, expression of specific master transcription factors, and the resulting effector cell phenotypes as defined by expression of signature cytokines. However, recent studies assessing the expression of gene modules in single CD4 T cells, rather than expression of one or a few signature genes, have provided a more complex picture in which the canonical model does not fit as cleanly as proposed. Here, we review the concepts of lineage commitment, plasticity and functional heterogeneity in the context of this greater complexity. We then apply our current understanding of CD4 T cell subsets to discuss outstanding questions regarding follicular helper T cells and follicular regulatory T cells with respect to their shared features with other known CD4 T cell subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waradon Sungnak
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Chao Wang
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Vijay K Kuchroo
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.
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55
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Tripathi SK, Välikangas T, Shetty A, Khan MM, Moulder R, Bhosale SD, Komsi E, Salo V, De Albuquerque RS, Rasool O, Galande S, Elo LL, Lahesmaa R. Quantitative Proteomics Reveals the Dynamic Protein Landscape during Initiation of Human Th17 Cell Polarization. iScience 2018; 11:334-355. [PMID: 30641411 PMCID: PMC6330361 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2018.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Th17 cells contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases and cancer. To reveal the Th17 cell-specific proteomic signature regulating Th17 cell differentiation and function in humans, we used a label-free mass spectrometry-based approach. Furthermore, a comprehensive analysis of the proteome and transcriptome of cells during human Th17 differentiation revealed a high degree of overlap between the datasets. However, when compared with corresponding published mouse data, we found very limited overlap between the proteins differentially regulated in response to Th17 differentiation. Validations were made for a panel of selected proteins with known and unknown functions. Finally, using RNA interference, we showed that SATB1 negatively regulates human Th17 cell differentiation. Overall, the current study illustrates a comprehensive picture of the global protein landscape during early human Th17 cell differentiation. Poor overlap with mouse data underlines the importance of human studies for translational research. Quantitative proteomics analysis of early human Th17 cell polarization The proteome and transcriptome highly correlate during early Th17 polarization Poor overlap of proteome profiles of human and mouse during early Th17 polarization The results underline the importance of human studies for translational research
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhash K Tripathi
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Tommi Välikangas
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; Doctoral Programme in Mathematics and Computer Sciences (MATTI), University of Turku, University Hill, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Ankitha Shetty
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; Centre of Excellence in Epigenetics, Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune 411008, India
| | - Mohd Moin Khan
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; Turku Doctoral Programme of Molecular Medicine (TuDMM), University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Robert Moulder
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Santosh D Bhosale
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; Turku Doctoral Programme of Molecular Medicine (TuDMM), University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Elina Komsi
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Verna Salo
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; Turku Doctoral Programme of Molecular Medicine (TuDMM), University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Rafael Sales De Albuquerque
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Omid Rasool
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Sanjeev Galande
- Centre of Excellence in Epigenetics, Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune 411008, India
| | - Laura L Elo
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6, FI-20520 Turku, Finland.
| | - Riitta Lahesmaa
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6, FI-20520 Turku, Finland.
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56
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Lai R, Xian D, Xiong X, Yang L, Song J, Zhong J. Proanthocyanidins: novel treatment for psoriasis that reduces oxidative stress and modulates Th17 and Treg cells. Redox Rep 2018; 23:130-135. [PMID: 29630472 PMCID: PMC6748681 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2018.1462027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a common, chronic, inflammatory skin disease that affects 2%-4% of the global population. Recent studies have shown that increased oxidative stress (OS) and T-cell abnormalities are central to the pathogenesis of this disease. The resulting reactive oxygen species (ROS) induces proliferation and differentiation of Th17/Th1/Th22 cells and inhibits the anti-inflammatory activities of regulatory T lymphocytes (Treg). Subsequent secretions of inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-17, IL-22, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), stimulate keratinocyte proliferation and angiogenesis. Proanthocyanidins are a class of flavonoids from plants and fruits, and have various antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-angiogenic properties. Numerous reports have demonstrated therapeutic effects of proanthocyanidins for various diseases. Among clinical activities, proanthocyanidins suppress cell proliferation, prevent OS, and regulate Th17/Treg cells. Because the pathogenesis of psoriasis involves OS and T cells dysregulation, we reviewed the effects of proanthocyanidins on OS, Th17 and Treg cell activities, and keratinocyte proliferation and angiogenesis. Data from multiple previous studies warrant consideration of proanthocyanidins as a promising strategy for the treatment of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Lai
- Department of Dermatology, the Affiliated
Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou,
People's Republic of China
| | - Dehai Xian
- Department of Anatomy, Southwest Medical
University, Luzhou, People's Republic of
China
| | - Xia Xiong
- Department of Dermatology, the Affiliated
Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou,
People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyu Yang
- Department of Dermatology, the Affiliated
Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou,
People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Song
- Department of Dermatology, the Affiliated
Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou,
People's Republic of China
| | - Jianqiao Zhong
- Department of Dermatology, the Affiliated
Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou,
People's Republic of China
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57
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Meyer Zu Horste G, Przybylski D, Schramm MA, Wang C, Schnell A, Lee Y, Sobel R, Regev A, Kuchroo VK. Fas Promotes T Helper 17 Cell Differentiation and Inhibits T Helper 1 Cell Development by Binding and Sequestering Transcription Factor STAT1. Immunity 2018; 48:556-569.e7. [PMID: 29562202 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The death receptor Fas removes activated lymphocytes through apoptosis. Previous transcriptional profiling predicted that Fas positively regulates interleukin-17 (IL-17)-producing T helper 17 (Th17) cells. Here, we demonstrate that Fas promoted the generation and stability of Th17 cells and prevented their differentiation into Th1 cells. Mice with T-cell- and Th17-cell-specific deletion of Fas were protected from induced autoimmunity, and Th17 cell differentiation and stability were impaired. Fas-deficient Th17 cells instead developed a Th1-cell-like transcriptional profile, which a new algorithm predicted to depend on STAT1. Experimentally, Fas indeed bound and sequestered STAT1, and Fas deficiency enhanced IL-6-induced STAT1 activation and nuclear translocation, whereas deficiency of STAT1 reversed the transcriptional changes induced by Fas deficiency. Thus, our computational and experimental approach identified Fas as a regulator of the Th17-to-Th1 cell balance by controlling the availability of opposing STAT1 and STAT3 to have a direct impact on autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerd Meyer Zu Horste
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Markus A Schramm
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chao Wang
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexandra Schnell
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Youjin Lee
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Raymond Sobel
- Palo Alto Veteran's Administration Health Care System and Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Aviv Regev
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Vijay K Kuchroo
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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58
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Zhang J, Xie M, Xia L, Yu T, He F, Zhao C, Qiu W, Zhao D, Liu Y, Gong Y, Yao C, Liu L, Wang Y. Sublytic C5b-9 Induces IL-23 and IL-36a Production by Glomerular Mesangial Cells via PCAF-Mediated KLF4 Acetylation in Rat Thy-1 Nephritis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 201:3184-3198. [PMID: 30404815 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Sublytic C5b-9 formation on glomerular mesangial cells in rat Thy-1 nephritis (Thy-1N), a model of human mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis, is accompanied by the production of proinflammatory cytokines, but the relationship between sublytic C5b-9 and cytokine synthesis and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. To explore the problems mentioned above, in this study, we first examined the levels of proinflammatory ILs (e.g., IL-23 and IL-36a) as well as transcription factor (KLF4) and coactivator (PCAF) in the renal tissues of Thy-1N rats and in the glomerular mesangial cell line (HBZY-1) stimulated by sublytic C5b-9. Then, we further determined the role of KLF4 and PCAF in sublytic C5b-9-induced IL-23 and IL-36a production as well as the related mechanism. Our results showed that the levels of KLF4, PCAF, IL-23, and IL-36a were obviously elevated. Mechanistic investigation revealed that sublytic C5b-9 stimulation could increase IL-23 and IL-36a synthesis through KLF4 and PCAF upregulation, and KLF4 and PCAF could form a complex, binding to the IL-23 or IL-36a promoter in a KLF4-dependent manner, causing gene transcription. Importantly, KLF4 acetylation by PCAF contributed to sublytic C5b-9-induced IL-23 and IL-36a transcription. Besides, the KLF4 binding regions on IL-23 or IL-36a promoters and the KLF4 lysine site acetylated by PCAF were identified. Furthermore, silencing renal KLF4 or PCAF gene could significantly inhibit IL-23 or IL-36a secretion and tissue damage of Thy-1N rats. Collectively, these findings implicate that the KLF4/PCAF interaction and KLF4 acetylation by PCAF play a pivotal role in the sublytic C5b-9-mediated IL-23 and IL-36a production of Thy-1N rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengxiao Xie
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Xia
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyi Yu
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengxia He
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210011, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Chenhui Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Qiu
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajuan Gong
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Yao
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Longfei Liu
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingwei Wang
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, People's Republic of China;
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59
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Eghbal-Fard S, Yousefi M, Heydarlou H, Ahmadi M, Taghavi S, Movasaghpour A, Jadidi-Niaragh F, Yousefi B, Dolati S, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Rikhtegar R, Nouri M, Aghebati-Maleki L. The imbalance of Th17/Treg axis involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:5106-5116. [PMID: 30277561 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PROBLEM Inappropriate activation of the immune system, particularly the imbalance of T-helper type 17 (Th17)/regulatory T (Treg) cells is thought to play considerable roles in preeclampsia (PE). To investigate the probable effects of the adaptive immune system in the pathophysiology of PE, we analyzed the dynamic changes of Th17/Treg cells, cytokines profile, and transcription pattern of Th17/Treg-related genes and microRNAs (miRNAs) in 50 women suffering from PE in comparison with 50 healthy pregnant women. METHODS Expressions of cytokines, specific transcription factors, and related miRNAs were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to test the interleukin (IL)-17, IL-23, IL-6, and IL-10 and transforming growth factor β in serum and supernatant of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The frequency of Th17 and Treg cells were determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS PE patients exhibited a decreased number of Treg cells (p = 0.006), while Th17 cells were increased ( p = 0.004). Forkhead box P3 and IL-10 mRNA expressions were reduced ( p = 0.0001 and 0.0028, respectively), while expressions of retinoic acid receptor-related orphan nuclear receptor γt, IL-17, IL-23, and IL-6 were enhanced ( p < 0.0001, 0.0018, 0.0014, and 0.027, respectively). ELISA results also showed increased levels of IL-6, IL-17, and IL-23 ( p = 0.022, 0.0005, 0.0081, respectively), and decreased levels of IL-10 in the supernatant of PBMCs of PE patients compared with control group ( p = 0.0011). There was significant upregulation of miR-106b and miR-326 ( p = 0.0048 and 0.028, respectively) in PE patients in comparison with the control group. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that imbalance of Th17/Treg cells, regulated possibly via microRNAs, may be involved in the pathogenesis of PE, emphasizing on the importance of these cells in feto-maternal immune cross-talk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Eghbal-Fard
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student's Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hanieh Heydarlou
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Ahmadi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Simin Taghavi
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aliakbar Movasaghpour
- Hematology & Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sanam Dolati
- Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hojjat-Farsangi
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Immune and Gene Therapy Lab, Cancer Center Karolinska (CCK), Karolinska University Hospital Solna and Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Reza Rikhtegar
- Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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60
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Loo TT, Gao Y, Lazarevic V. Transcriptional regulation of CD4 + T H cells that mediate tissue inflammation. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 104:1069-1085. [PMID: 30145844 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1ri0418-152rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquired and genetic immunodeficiencies have revealed an indispensable role for CD4+ T cells in the induction of protective host immune responses against a myriad of microbial pathogens. Influenced by the cytokines present in the microenvironment, activated CD4+ T cells may differentiate into several highly-specialized helper subsets defined by the production of distinct signature cytokines tailored to combat diverse classes of pathogens. The process of specification and differentiation is controlled by networks of core, master, and accessory transcription factors, which ensure that CD4+ T helper (TH ) cell responses mounted against an invading microbe are of the correct specificity and type. However, aberrant activation or inactivation of transcription factors can result in sustained and elevated expression of immune-related genes, leading to chronic activation of CD4+ TH cells and organ-specific autoimmunity. In this review, we provide an overview of the molecular basis of CD4+ TH cell differentiation and examine how combinatorial expression of transcription factors, which promotes genetic plasticity of CD4+ TH cells, can contribute to immunological dysfunction of CD4+ TH responses. We also discuss recent studies which highlight the potential of exploiting the genetic plasticity of CD4+ TH cells in the treatment of autoimmune and other immune-mediated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany T Loo
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Gao
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Vanja Lazarevic
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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61
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Deason K, Troutman TD, Jain A, Challa DK, Mandraju R, Brewer T, Ward ES, Pasare C. BCAP links IL-1R to the PI3K-mTOR pathway and regulates pathogenic Th17 cell differentiation. J Exp Med 2018; 215:2413-2428. [PMID: 30093533 PMCID: PMC6122979 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20171810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Deason et al. discover a novel signaling adapter in the IL-1R pathway in CD4+ T cells that controls the induction of the PI3K–mTOR pathway, downstream of IL-1β, to induce pathogenic Th17 cells involved in the development of autoimmunity. The toll-like receptor (TLR) and interleukin (IL)–1 family of receptors share several signaling components, including the most upstream adapter, MyD88. We previously reported the discovery of B cell adapter for phosphoinositide 3-kinase (BCAP) as a novel toll–IL-1 receptor homology domain–containing adapter that regulates inflammatory responses downstream of TLR signaling. Here we find that BCAP plays a critical role downstream of both IL-1 and IL-18 receptors to regulate T helper (Th) 17 and Th1 cell differentiation, respectively. Absence of T cell intrinsic BCAP did not alter development of naturally arising Th1 and Th17 lineages but led to defects in differentiation to pathogenic Th17 lineage cells. Consequently, mice that lack BCAP in T cells had reduced susceptibility to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. More importantly, we found that BCAP is critical for IL-1R–induced phosphoinositide 3-kinase–Akt–mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation, and minimal inhibition of mTOR completely abrogated IL-1β–induced differentiation of pathogenic Th17 cells, mimicking BCAP deficiency. This study establishes BCAP as a critical link between IL-1R and the metabolic status of activated T cells that ultimately regulates the differentiation of inflammatory Th17 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystin Deason
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Ty Dale Troutman
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Aakanksha Jain
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Dilip K Challa
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine and Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Rajakumar Mandraju
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Travis Brewer
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - E Sally Ward
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine and Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Chandrashekhar Pasare
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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62
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Cummings M, Arumanayagam ACS, Zhao P, Kannanganat S, Stuve O, Karandikar NJ, Eagar TN. Presenilin1 regulates Th1 and Th17 effector responses but is not required for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200752. [PMID: 30089166 PMCID: PMC6082653 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) where pathology is thought to be regulated by autoreactive T cells of the Th1 and Th17 phenotype. In this study we sought to understand the functions of Presenilin 1 (PSEN1) in regulating T cell effector responses in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) murine model of MS. PSEN1 is the catalytic subunit of γ-secretase a multimolecular protease that mediates intramembranous proteolysis. γ-secretase is known to regulate several pathways of immune importance. Here we examine the effects of disrupting PSEN1 functions on EAE and T effector differentiation using small molecule inhibitors of γ-secretase (GSI) and T cell-specific conditional knockout mice (PSEN1 cKO). Surprisingly, blocking PSEN1 function by GSI treatment or PSEN1 cKO had little effect on the development or course of MOG35-55-induced EAE. In vivo GSI administration reduced the number of myelin antigen-specific T cells and suppressed Th1 and Th17 differentiation following immunization. In vitro, GSI treatment inhibited Th1 differentiation in neutral but not IL-12 polarizing conditions. Th17 differentiation was also suppressed by the presence of GSI in all conditions and GSI-treated Th17 T cells failed to induce EAE following adoptive transfer. PSEN cKO T cells showed reduced Th1 and Th17 differentiation. We conclude that γ-secretase and PSEN1-dependent signals are involved in T effector responses in vivo and potently regulate T effector differentiation in vitro, however, they are dispensable for EAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Cummings
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
| | | | - Picheng Zhao
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Sunil Kannanganat
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Olaf Stuve
- Neurology Section, VA North Texas Health Care System, Medical Service, Dallas, TX, United States of America
| | - Nitin J Karandikar
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States of America
| | - Todd N Eagar
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States of America
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Chen X, Lai P, Wang Y, He C, Wu S, Huang X, Geng S, Luo C, Ling W, Zeng L, Li P, Jiang Z, Weng J, Du X. Emerging role of C5a/C5aR IL-17A axis in cGVHD. Am J Transl Res 2018; 10:2148-2157. [PMID: 30093951 PMCID: PMC6079133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) manifests with features characteristic of autoimmune disease with organs attacked by pathogenic Th17 cells. However, the mechanism of Th17 cells generation in the setting of cGVHD is still unclear. Here we defined C5a/C5aR-IL-17Aaxis as a novel signaling that required in the pathologies of cGVHD. We firstly found a positive link between complement activation and the Th17 cells in patients with cGVHD. C5a, a critical component of complements, promoted the generation of Th17 cells in vitro and inhibition of the receptor for C5a (C5aR) reduced the Th17-bias response. Of note, C5aR blockade by PMX53 could suppress the generation of IL-17A-expressing Th17 cells and retard the onset and progression of cGVHD in vivo. Overall, our results provide new mechanistic insights that activation of C5a-C5aR signaling was required for IL-17A-induced immune responses in cGVHD and define novel molecular targets for developing effective therapeutics for cGVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Chen
- The Second School of Clinical Medical, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515, P. R. China
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Peilong Lai
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yulian Wang
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Chang He
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Suijing Wu
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Suxia Geng
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Chengwei Luo
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Wei Ling
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Lingji Zeng
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Peng Li
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510530, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510530, P. R. China
| | - Jianyu Weng
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xin Du
- The Second School of Clinical Medical, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515, P. R. China
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
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64
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Zarin P, In TS, Chen EL, Singh J, Wong GW, Mohtashami M, Wiest DL, Anderson MK, Zúñiga-Pflücker JC. Integration of T-cell receptor, Notch and cytokine signals programs mouse γδ T-cell effector differentiation. Immunol Cell Biol 2018; 96:994-1007. [PMID: 29754419 PMCID: PMC6197911 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
γδ T‐cells perform a wide range of tissue‐ and disease‐specific functions that are dependent on the effector cytokines produced by these cells. However, the aggregate signals required for the development of interferon‐γ (IFNγ) and interleukin‐17 (IL‐17) producing γδ T‐cells remain unknown. Here, we define the cues involved in the functional programming of γδ T‐cells, by examining the roles of T‐cell receptor (TCR), Notch, and cytokine‐receptor signaling. KN6 γδTCR‐transduced Rag2−/− T‐cell progenitors were cultured on stromal cells variably expressing TCR and Notch ligands, supplemented with different cytokines. We found that distinct combinations of these signals are required to program IFNγ versus IL‐17 producing γδ T‐cell subsets, with Notch and weak TCR ligands optimally enabling development of γδ17 cells in the presence of IL‐1β, IL‐21 and IL‐23. Notably, these cytokines were also shown to be required for the intrathymic development of γδ17 cells. Together, this work provides a framework of how signals downstream of TCR, Notch and cytokine receptors integrate to program the effector function of IFNγ and IL‐17 producing γδ T‐cell subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payam Zarin
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, and Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave., Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Tracy Sh In
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, and Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave., Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Edward Ly Chen
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, and Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave., Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Jastaranpreet Singh
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, and Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave., Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Gladys W Wong
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, and Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave., Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Mahmood Mohtashami
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, and Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave., Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - David L Wiest
- Blood Cell Development and Cancer Keystone, Immune Cell Development and Host Defense Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19111-2497, USA
| | - Michele K Anderson
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, and Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave., Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Juan Carlos Zúñiga-Pflücker
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, and Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave., Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
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65
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Wu X, Tian J, Wang S. Insight Into Non-Pathogenic Th17 Cells in Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1112. [PMID: 29892286 PMCID: PMC5985293 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Th17 cells are generally considered to be positive regulators of immune responses because they produce pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-22. Cytokine production not only promotes accumulation of immune cells, such as macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes, at inflammatory sites but can also cause tissue pathologies. Conversely, certain Th17 cells can also negatively regulate immune responses by secreting immunosuppressive factors, such as IL-10; these cells are termed non-pathogenic Th17 cells. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the development and regulatory functions of non-pathogenic Th17 cells in autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jie Tian
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Shengjun Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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66
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Molecular mechanisms underpinning T helper 17 cell heterogeneity and functions in rheumatoid arthritis. J Autoimmun 2018; 87:69-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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67
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Agalioti T, Villablanca EJ, Huber S, Gagliani N. T H17 cell plasticity: The role of dendritic cells and molecular mechanisms. J Autoimmun 2018; 87:50-60. [PMID: 29371049 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Upon interaction with dendritic cells (DCs), naïve CD4 T cells differentiate into distinct subsets and orchestrate the development of a physiological immune response. When uncontrolled by cellular and molecular mechanisms, CD4 T cells can also lead to immune mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs). Initially, these distinct CD4 T-cell subsets were defined according to the expression of a limited number of cytokines. Later it was revealed that CD4 T cells can acquire much more complex functional phenotypes than previously thought. Experimental data showed that the CD4 T-cell subset TH17 can secrete IFN-γ and IL-4, which are signature molecules of other T-cell subsets. Furthermore, some TH17 cells can also explore an anti-inflammatory fate and participate in the resolution of the immune response. A more flexible theory has therefore evolved with the scope to better represent the plastic biology of CD4 T cells. In this context, several aspects still remain unclear. The goal of this review is to discuss the role of extrinsic and intrinsic cellular and molecular mechanisms, which can drive the plasticity of TH17 cells. In particular, we will outline the role of DCs and the function of transcriptional factors in shaping the fate of TH17 cells towards either a pathogenic or a regulatory phenotype. Finally, we will discuss whether TH17 cell plasticity could be a target for new therapies for IMIDs. We indeed envision that when the cellular and molecular mechanisms controlling TH17 plasticity are known, new therapies, which aim to reset the immune system, will be developed. This will be achieved by either selectively depleting only the pathogenic TH17 cells or, if possible, re converting these cells from pathogenic to regulatory. This will overcome the challenge posed by the immune suppressive side effects caused by the current therapies, which impair the function of CD4 cells or delete all of them, to the detriment of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora Agalioti
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eduardo J Villablanca
- Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Samuel Huber
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicola Gagliani
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden.
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68
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Hiltensperger M, Korn T. The Interleukin (IL)-23/T helper (Th)17 Axis in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis and Multiple Sclerosis. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2018; 8:cshperspect.a029637. [PMID: 29101111 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a029637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
T helper (Th)17 cells are responsible for host defense against fungi and certain extracellular bacteria but have also been reported to play a role in a variety of autoimmune diseases. Th17 cells respond to environmental cues, are very plastic, and might also be involved in tissue homeostasis and regeneration. The imprinting of pathogenic properties in Th17 cells in autoimmunity seems highly dependent on interleukin (IL)-23. Since Th17 cells were first described in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, they have been suggested to also promote tissue damage in multiple sclerosis (MS). Indeed, some studies linked Th17 cells to disease severity in MS, and the efficacy of anti-IL-17A therapy in MS supported this idea. In this review, we will summarize molecular features of Th17 cells and discuss the evidence for their function in experimental models of autoimmune diseases and MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hiltensperger
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Neurology, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Korn
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Neurology, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377 Munich, Germany
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69
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A cellular and molecular view of T helper 17 cell plasticity in autoimmunity. J Autoimmun 2017; 87:1-15. [PMID: 29275836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Since the original identification of the T helper 17 (Th17) subset in 2005, it has become evident that these cells do not only contribute to host defence against pathogens, such as bacteria and fungi, but that they are also critically involved in the pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases. In contrast to the classic Th1 and Th2 cells, which represent rather stably polarized subsets, Th17 cells display remarkable heterogeneity and plasticity. This has been attributed to the characteristics of the key transcription factor that guides Th17 differentiation, retinoic acid receptor-related orphan nuclear receptor gamma (RORγ). Unlike the 'master regulators' T-bet and GATA3 that orchestrate Th1 and Th2 differentiation, respectively, RORγ controls transcription at relatively few loci in Th17 cells. Moreover, its expression is not stabilized by positive feedback loops but rather influenced by environmental cues, allowing for substantial functional plasticity. Importantly, a subset of IL-17/IFNγ double-producing Th17 cells was identified in both human and mouse models. Evidence is accumulating that these IL-17/IFNγ double-producing cells are pathogenic drivers in autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis and inflammatory bowel disease. In addition, IL-17/IFNγ double-producing cells have been identified in disorders in which the role of autoimmunity remains unclear, such as sarcoidosis. The observed plasticity of Th17 cells towards the Th1 phenotype can be explained by extensive epigenetic priming of the IFNG locus in Th17 cells. In fact, Th17 cells display an IFNG chromatin landscape that is remarkably similar to that of Th1 cells. On the other hand, pathogenic capabilities of Th17 cells can be restrained by stimulating IL-10 production and transdifferentiation into IL-10 producing T regulatory type 1 (Tr1) cells. In this review, we discuss recent advances in our knowledge on the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in Th17 differentiation, heterogeneity and plasticity. We focus on transcriptional regulation of the Th17 expression program, the epigenetic dynamics involved, and how genetic variants associated with autoimmunity may affect immune responses through distal gene regulatory elements. Finally, the implications of Th17 cell plasticity for the pathogenesis and treatment of human autoimmune diseases will be discussed.
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70
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KleinJan A, Tindemans I, Montgomery JE, Lukkes M, de Bruijn MJW, van Nimwegen M, Bergen I, Moellering RE, Hoogsteden HC, Boon L, Amsen D, Hendriks RW. The Notch pathway inhibitor stapled α-helical peptide derived from mastermind-like 1 (SAHM1) abrogates the hallmarks of allergic asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 142:76-85.e8. [PMID: 29111218 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Notch signaling pathway has been implicated in the pathogenesis of allergic airway inflammation. Targeting the active Notch transactivation complex by using the cell-permeable, hydrocarbon-stapled synthetic peptide stapled α-helical peptide derived from mastermind-like 1 (SAHM1) resulted in genome-wide suppression of Notch-activated genes in leukemic cells and other models. However, the efficacy of SAHM1 in allergic asthma models has remained unexplored. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of SAHM1 in a house dust mite (HDM)-driven asthma model. METHODS Topical therapeutic intervention with SAHM1 or a control peptide was performed during sensitization, challenge, or both with HDM in mice. Airway inflammation was assessed by using multicolor flow cytometry, and bronchial hyperreactivity was studied. Additionally, SAHM1 therapy was investigated in mice with established allergic airway inflammation and in a model in which we neutralized IFN-γ during HDM challenge to support the TH2 response and exacerbate asthma. RESULTS SAHM1 treatment during the challenge phase led to a marked reduction of eosinophil and T cell numbers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid compared with those in diluent-treated or control peptide-treated mice. Likewise, T-cell cytokine content and bronchial hyperreactivity were reduced. SAHM1 treatment dampened TH2 inflammation during ongoing HDM challenge and enhanced recovery after established asthma. Additionally, in the presence of anti-IFN-γ antibodies, SAHM1 downregulated expression of the key TH2 transcription factor GATA3 and intracellular IL-4 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid T cells, but expression of the TH17 transcription factor retinoic acid-related orphan receptor γt or intracellular IL-17 was not affected. SAHM1 therapy also reduced serum IgE levels. CONCLUSIONS Therapeutic intervention of Notch signaling by SAHM1 inhibits allergic airway inflammation in mice and is therefore an interesting new topical treatment opportunity in asthmatic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex KleinJan
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Irma Tindemans
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeffrey E Montgomery
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill; Institute for Genomics and Systems Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | - Melanie Lukkes
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Menno van Nimwegen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Bergen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Raymond E Moellering
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill; Institute for Genomics and Systems Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | - Henk C Hoogsteden
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Louis Boon
- Epirus Biopharmaceuticals Netherlands, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - R W Hendriks
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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71
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Tabas I, Lichtman AH. Monocyte-Macrophages and T Cells in Atherosclerosis. Immunity 2017; 47:621-634. [PMID: 29045897 PMCID: PMC5747297 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 410] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is an arterial disease process characterized by the focal subendothelial accumulation of apolipoprotein-B-containing lipoproteins, immune and vascular wall cells, and extracellular matrix. The lipoproteins acquire features of damage-associated molecular patterns and trigger first an innate immune response, dominated by monocyte-macrophages, and then an adaptive immune response. These inflammatory responses often become chronic and non-resolving and can lead to arterial damage and thrombosis-induced organ infarction. The innate immune response is regulated at various stages, from hematopoiesis to monocyte changes and macrophage activation. The adaptive immune response is regulated primarily by mechanisms that affect the balance between regulatory and effector T cells. Mechanisms related to cellular cholesterol, phenotypic plasticity, metabolism, and aging play key roles in affecting these responses. Herein, we review select topics that shed light on these processes and suggest new treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ira Tabas
- Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Andrew H Lichtman
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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JunB promotes Th17 cell identity and restrains alternative CD4 + T-cell programs during inflammation. Nat Commun 2017; 8:301. [PMID: 28824171 PMCID: PMC5563507 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00380-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
T helper 17 (Th17) cell plasticity contributes to both immunity and autoimmunity; however, the factors that control lineage flexibility are mostly unknown. Here we show the activator protein-1 (AP-1) factor JunB is an essential regulator of Th17 cell identity. JunB activates expression of Th17 lineage-specifying genes and coordinately represses genes controlling Th1 and regulatory T-cell fate. JunB supports Th17 cell identity by regulating key AP-1 complex constituents. In particular, JunB limits the expression of the subset repressor IRF8, and impedes access of JunD to regulatory regions of alternative effector loci. Although dispensable for homeostatic Th17 cell development, JunB is required for induction and maintenance of Th17 effector responses in the inflammatory contexts of both acute infection and chronic autoimmunity in mice. Through regulatory network analysis, we show that JunB is a core regulator of global transcriptional programs that promote Th17 cell identity and restrict alternative CD4+ T-cell potential. AP-1 family transcription factors regulate CD4+ T helper cell differentiation. Here the authors show that the AP-1 member JunB is a nonredundant regulator of transcriptional programs that support Th17 cell identity and restrain alternative Th1 and Treg cell fates in inflammatory contexts of acute fungal infection and chronic autoimmunity.
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Tindemans I, Peeters MJW, Hendriks RW. Notch Signaling in T Helper Cell Subsets: Instructor or Unbiased Amplifier? Front Immunol 2017; 8:419. [PMID: 28458667 PMCID: PMC5394483 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
For protection against pathogens, it is essential that naïve CD4+ T cells differentiate into specific effector T helper (Th) cell subsets following activation by antigen presented by dendritic cells (DCs). Next to T cell receptor and cytokine signals, membrane-bound Notch ligands have an important role in orchestrating Th cell differentiation. Several studies provided evidence that DC activation is accompanied by surface expression of Notch ligands. Intriguingly, DCs that express the delta-like or Jagged Notch ligands gain the capacity to instruct Th1 or Th2 cell polarization, respectively. However, in contrast to this model it has also been hypothesized that Notch signaling acts as a general amplifier of Th cell responses rather than an instructive director of specific T cell fates. In this alternative model, Notch enhances proliferation, cytokine production, and anti-apoptotic signals or promotes co-stimulatory signals in T cells. An instructive role for Notch ligand expressing DCs in the induction of Th cell differentiation is further challenged by evidence for the involvement of Notch signaling in differentiation of Th9, Th17, regulatory T cells, and follicular Th cells. In this review, we will discuss the two opposing models, referred to as the “instructive” and the “unbiased amplifier” model. We highlight both the function of different Notch receptors on CD4+ T cells and the impact of Notch ligands on antigen-presenting cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irma Tindemans
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Rudi W Hendriks
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Qin L, Zhou YC, Wu HJ, Zhuo Y, Wang YP, Si CY, Qin YM. Notch Signaling Modulates the Balance of Regulatory T Cells and T Helper 17 Cells in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C. DNA Cell Biol 2017; 36:311-320. [PMID: 28157396 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2016.3609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The imbalance of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and T helper 17 (Th17) cells contributes to the persistent hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, modulatory factors associated with Tregs-Th17 balance were not fully elucidated. A recent study demonstrated an immunoregulatory strategy by inactivation of Notch signaling to reverse the disequilibrium of Tregs-Th17 cells in immune thrombocytopenia. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of Notch signaling in regulating the functions of Tregs and Th17 cells in chronic hepatitis C. A total of 46 patients with chronic hepatitis C and 17 normal controls (NCs) were enrolled. mRNA expressions of Notch1 and Notch2 were semiquantified by real-time reserve polymerase chain reaction. Percentages of Tregs-Th17, levels of key transcriptional factors, and cytokine productions were measured in response to treatment by DAPT, a γ-secretase inhibitor to suppress Notch signaling. We found that Notch1 and Notch2 mRNAs were significantly elevated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from chronic hepatitis C patients compared with those from NCs. DAPT treatment reduced Th17 response by downregulation of RORγt expression and interleukin (IL)-17/IL-22 secretion. Tregs proportion, FoxP3 expression, and IL-10 production did not change significantly with DAPT treatment in chronic hepatitis C; however, blockage of Notch signaling inhibited the suppressive function of Tregs. Moreover, effective anti-HCV therapy not only reduced Notch1 and Notch2 expression but also decreased Tregs and Th17 proportions. The current data provided a novel mechanism underlying the modulation of Treg-Th17 balance. The link between Notch signaling and Th cells might lead to a new intervention for breaking immunotolerance of chronic HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qin
- 1 Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University , Weihui, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yan-Cai Zhou
- 2 Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University , Weihui, Xinxiang, China
| | - Hong-Jie Wu
- 2 Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University , Weihui, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ya Zhuo
- 2 Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University , Weihui, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yan-Ping Wang
- 2 Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University , Weihui, Xinxiang, China
| | - Chang-Yun Si
- 2 Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University , Weihui, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yong-Mei Qin
- 1 Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University , Weihui, Xinxiang, China
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Notch regulates Th17 differentiation and controls trafficking of IL-17 and metabolic regulators within Th17 cells in a context-dependent manner. Sci Rep 2016; 6:39117. [PMID: 27974744 PMCID: PMC5156918 DOI: 10.1038/srep39117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Th17 cells play critical roles in host defense and autoimmunity. Emerging data support a role for Notch signaling in Th17 cell differentiation but whether it is a positive or negative regulator remains unclear. We report here that T cell-specific deletion of Notch receptors enhances Th17 cell differentiation in the gut, with a corresponding increase in IL-17 secretion. An increase in Th17 cell frequency was similarly observed following immunization of T cell specific Notch mutant mice with OVA/CFA. However, in this setting, Th17 cytokine secretion was impaired, and increased intracellular retention of IL-17 was observed. Intracellular IL-17 co-localized with the CD71 iron transporter in the draining lymph node of both control and Notch-deficient Th17 cells. Immunization induced CD71 surface expression in control, but not in Notch-deficient Th17 cells, revealing defective CD71 intracellular transport in absence of Notch signaling. Moreover, Notch receptor deficient Th17 cells had impaired mTORC2 activity. These data reveal a context-dependent impact of Notch on vesicular transport during high metabolic demand suggesting a role for Notch signaling in the bridging of T cell metabolic demands and effector functions. Collectively, our findings indicate a prominent regulatory role for Notch signaling in the fine-tuning of Th17 cell differentiation and effector function.
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Ren J, Li B. The Functional Stability of FOXP3 and RORγt in Treg and Th17 and Their Therapeutic Applications. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2016; 107:155-189. [PMID: 28215223 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The balance of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) and effector T cells plays a key role in maintaining immune homeostasis, while the imbalance of them is related to many inflammatory diseases in both human and mice. Here we discuss about the plasticity of Tregs and Th17 cells, and the related human diseases resulted from the imbalance of them. Further, we will focus on the mechanisms regulating the plasticity between Tregs and Th17 cells and the potential therapeutic strategies by targeting regulators of the expression and activity of FOXP3 and RORγt or regulators of Treg/Th17 balance in autoimmune diseases, allergy, infection, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ren
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Unit of Molecular Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Universities and Colleges Admissions Service, Shanghai, PR China
| | - B Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Unit of Molecular Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Universities and Colleges Admissions Service, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.
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Murakami N, Maillard I, Riella LV. Notch Signaling and Immune Regulation in Alloimmunity. CURRENT TRANSPLANTATION REPORTS 2016; 3:294-302. [PMID: 29977738 DOI: 10.1007/s40472-016-0126-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Notch signaling plays a pivotal role in the differentiation and fate determination of T cells, B cells, dendritic cells (DCs) and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). Recent gene-targeting and antibody approaches advanced our knowledge of the importance of Notch signaling in fine-tuning the peripheral immune response. Here we review current knowledge of the Notch pathway, focusing on solid organ transplant and graft-versus-host disease preclinical models, and discuss the potential of targeting Notch to suppress the immune response and improve transplant outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoka Murakami
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ivan Maillard
- Life Sciences Institute and Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Leonardo V Riella
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Xiao Q, Li X, Sun D, Yi H, Lu X, Nian H. TLR7 Engagement on Dendritic Cells Enhances Autoreactive Th17 Responses via Activation of ERK. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:3820-3830. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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