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Reza AHMM, Zhu X, Qin J, Tang Y. Microalgae-Derived Health Supplements to Therapeutic Shifts: Redox-Based Study Opportunities with AIE-Based Technologies. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2101223. [PMID: 34468087 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive molecules, serve the normal signaling in different cell types. Targeting ROS as the chemical signals, different stress based strategies have been developed to synthesis different anti-inflammatory molecules in microalgae. These molecules could be utilized as health supplements in human. To provoke the ROS-mediated defence systems, their connotation with the associated conditions must be well understood, therefore, proper tools for studying ROS in natural state are essential. The in vivo detection of ROS with phosphorescent probes offers promising opportunities to study these molecules in a non-invasive manner. Most of the common problems in the traditional fluorescent probes are lower photostability, excitation intensity, slow responsiveness, and the microenvironment that challenge their performance. Some ROS-specific aggregationinduced emission luminogens (AIEgens) with pronounced spatial and temporal resolution have recently demonstrated high selectivity, rapid responsiveness, and efficacies to resolve the aggregation-caused quenching issues. The nanocomposites of some AIE-photosensitizers can also improve the ROS-mediated photodynamic therapy. These AIEgens could be used to induce bioactive components in microalgae through altering the ROS signaling, therefore are more auspicious for biomedical research. This study reviews the prospects of AIEgen-based technologies to understand the ROS mediated bio-physiological processes in microalgae for better healthcare benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. H. M. Mohsinul Reza
- College of Science and Engineering Flinders University South Australia 5042 Australia
- Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology Medical Device Research Institute College of Science and Engineering Flinders University South Australia 5042 Australia
| | - Xiaochen Zhu
- College of Science and Engineering Flinders University South Australia 5042 Australia
- Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology Medical Device Research Institute College of Science and Engineering Flinders University South Australia 5042 Australia
| | - Jianguang Qin
- College of Science and Engineering Flinders University South Australia 5042 Australia
| | - Youhong Tang
- College of Science and Engineering Flinders University South Australia 5042 Australia
- Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology Medical Device Research Institute College of Science and Engineering Flinders University South Australia 5042 Australia
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Dob A, Lakehal A, Novak O, Bellini C. Jasmonate inhibits adventitious root initiation through repression of CKX1 and activation of RAP2.6L transcription factor in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:7107-7118. [PMID: 34329421 PMCID: PMC8547155 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Adventitious rooting is a de novo organogenesis process that enables plants to propagate clonally and cope with environmental stresses. Adventitious root initiation (ARI) is controlled by interconnected transcriptional and hormonal networks, but there is little knowledge of the genetic and molecular programs orchestrating these networks. Thus, we have applied genome-wide transcriptome profiling to elucidate the transcriptional reprogramming events preceding ARI. These reprogramming events are associated with the down-regulation of cytokinin (CK) signaling and response genes, which could be triggers for ARI. Interestingly, we found that CK free base (iP, tZ, cZ, and DHZ) content declined during ARI, due to down-regulation of de novo CK biosynthesis and up-regulation of CK inactivation pathways. We also found that MYC2-dependent jasmonate (JA) signaling inhibits ARI by down-regulating the expression of the CYTOKININ OXIDASE/DEHYDROGENASE1 (CKX1) gene. We also demonstrated that JA and CK synergistically activate expression of the transcription factor RELATED to APETALA2.6 LIKE (RAP2.6L), and constitutive expression of this transcription factor strongly inhibits ARI. Collectively, our findings reveal that previously unknown genetic interactions between JA and CK play key roles in ARI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Dob
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, SE-90736 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Abdellah Lakehal
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, SE-90736 Umeå, Sweden
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ondrej Novak
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Catherine Bellini
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, SE-90736 Umeå, Sweden
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, FR-78000 Versailles, France
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Strotmann VI, Stahl Y. At the root of quiescence: function and regulation of the quiescent center. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:6716-6726. [PMID: 34111273 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The quiescent center (QC) of roots consists of a rarely dividing pool of stem cells within the root apical meristem (RAM). The QC maintains the surrounding more frequently dividing initials, together constituting the stem cell niche of the RAM. The initials, after several rounds of division and differentiation, give rise to nearly all tissues necessary for root function. Hence, QC establishment, maintenance, and function are key for producing the whole plant root system and are therefore at the foundation of plant growth and productivity. Although the concept of the QC has been known since the 1950s, much of its molecular regulations and their intricate interconnections, especially in more complex root systems such as cereal RAMs, remain elusive. In Arabidopsis, molecular factors such as phytohormones, small signaling peptides and their receptors, and key transcription factors play important roles in a complex and intertwined regulatory network. In cereals, homologs of these factors are present; however, QC maintenance in the larger RAMs of cereals might also require more complex control of QC cell regulation by a combination of asymmetric and symmetric divisions. Here, we summarize current knowledge on QC maintenance in Arabidopsis and compare it with that of agriculturally relevant cereal crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivien I Strotmann
- Institute for Developmental Genetics, Heinrich-Heine University, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Yvonne Stahl
- Institute for Developmental Genetics, Heinrich-Heine University, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Pardal R, Heidstra R. Root stem cell niche networks: it's complexed! Insights from Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:6727-6738. [PMID: 34173817 PMCID: PMC8513229 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The presence of two meristematic cell populations in the root and shoot apex allows plants to grow indefinitely. Due to its simple and predictable tissue organization, the Arabidopsis root apical meristem remains an ideal model to study mechanisms such as stem cell specification, asymmetric cell division, and differentiation in plants. The root stem cell niche consists of a quiescent organizing centre surrounded by mitotically active stem cells, which originate all root tissues. The transcription factors PLETHORA, SCARECROW, and WOX5 form signalling hubs that integrate multiple inputs from an increasing number of proteins implicated in the regulation of stem cell niche function. Recently, locally produced auxin was added to the list of important mobile factors in the stem cell niche. In addition, protein-protein interaction data elegantly demonstrate how parallel pathways can meet in a common objective. Here we discuss how multiple networks converge to specify and maintain the root stem cell niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renan Pardal
- Wageningen University & Research, Plant Sciences department, Plant Developmental Biology group, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708PB Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Renze Heidstra
- Wageningen University & Research, Plant Sciences department, Plant Developmental Biology group, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708PB Wageningen, Netherlands
- Correspondence:
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Ubogoeva EV, Zemlyanskaya EV, Xu J, Mironova V. Mechanisms of stress response in the root stem cell niche. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:6746-6754. [PMID: 34111279 PMCID: PMC8513250 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
As plants are sessile organisms unable to escape from environmental hazards, they need to adapt for survival. The stem cell niche in the root apical meristem is particularly sensitive to DNA damage induced by environmental stresses such as chilling, flooding, wounding, UV, and irradiation. DNA damage has been proven to cause stem cell death, with stele stem cells being the most vulnerable. Stress also induces the division of quiescent center cells. Both reactions disturb the structure and activity of the root stem cell niche temporarily; however, this preserves root meristem integrity and function in the long term. Plants have evolved many mechanisms that ensure stem cell niche maintenance, recovery, and acclimation, allowing them to survive in a changing environment. Here, we provide an overview of the cellular and molecular aspects of stress responses in the root stem cell niche.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena V Zemlyanskaya
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Plant Systems Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Victoria Mironova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Plant Systems Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Li Y, Jiao Y, Shi J, Xie J, Yin J, Zhao X, Chen H. BLB8, an antiviral protein from Brevibacillus laterosporus strain B8, inhibits Tobacco mosaic virus infection by triggering immune response in tobacco. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:4383-4392. [PMID: 33969944 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is one of destructive plant viruses, causing serious economic losses in the world. Using antiviral proteins or elicitors to inhibit viral infection or promote plant immunity is one of the efficient strategies against TMV. Our previous study identified that the fermentation broth of Brevibacillus laterosporus strain B8 showed strong antiviral activity against TMV. However, the active antiviral ingredient is still unclear. RESULTS Here, BLB8 (B. laterosporus strain B8 protein, BLB8), an antiviral protein from B. laterosporus strain B8 was isolated and characterized. BLB8 showed protective, inactive and curative effects against TMV, and the inhibition rate reached up to 63%, 83% and 55%, respectively. BLB8 infiltrated around the infection site of the recombinant virus TMV-GFP inhibited the systemic extend and movement of TMV. Pretreatment of the bottom leaves with BLB8 inhibited the spread and accumulation of TMV in upper systemic leaves. Furthermore, BLB8 caused hypersensitive response (HR) in a dose-dependent way, promoted H2 O2 accumulation, and induced the expression of defense-relative genes in Nicotiana benthamiana. CONCLUSION The antiviral protein BLB8 from B. laterosporus strain B8 effectively inhibits TMV infection in inactivation, protective and curative effects through triggering plant immunity in tobacco. Therefore, the present study provides a new antiviral agent for prevention and control of viral disease. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yubing Jiao
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jia Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Xie
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing Yin
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiuxiang Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Huamin Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Considine MJ, Foyer CH. Stress effects on the reactive oxygen species-dependent regulation of plant growth and development. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:5795-5806. [PMID: 34106236 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth is mediated by cell proliferation and expansion. Both processes are controlled by a network of endogenous factors such as phytohormones, reactive oxygen species (ROS), sugars, and other signals, which influence gene expression and post-translational regulation of proteins. Stress resilience requires rapid and appropriate responses in plant growth and development as well as defence. Regulation of ROS accumulation in different cellular compartments influences growth responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. While ROS are essential for growth, they are also implicated in the stress-induced cessation of growth and, in some cases, programmed cell death. It is widely accepted that redox post-translational modifications of key proteins determine the growth changes and cell fate responses to stress, but the molecular pathways and factors involved remain poorly characterized. Here we discuss ROS as a signalling molecule, the mechanisms of ROS-dependent regulation that influence protein-protein interactions, protein function, and turnover, together with the relocation of key proteins to different intracellular compartments in a manner that can alter cell fate. Understanding how the redox interactome responds to stress-induced increases in ROS may provide a road map to tailoring the dynamic ROS interactions that determine growth and cell fate in order to enhance stress resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Considine
- The School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, UK
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58
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The Arabidopsis Root Tip (Phospho)Proteomes at Growth-Promoting versus Growth-Repressing Conditions Reveal Novel Root Growth Regulators. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071665. [PMID: 34359847 PMCID: PMC8303113 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Auxin plays a dual role in growth regulation and, depending on the tissue and concentration of the hormone, it can either promote or inhibit division and expansion processes in plants. Recent studies have revealed that, beyond transcriptional reprogramming, alternative auxin-controlled mechanisms regulate root growth. Here, we explored the impact of different concentrations of the synthetic auxin NAA that establish growth-promoting and -repressing conditions on the root tip proteome and phosphoproteome, generating a unique resource. From the phosphoproteome data, we pinpointed (novel) growth regulators, such as the RALF34-THE1 module. Our results, together with previously published studies, suggest that auxin, H+-ATPases, cell wall modifications and cell wall sensing receptor-like kinases are tightly embedded in a pathway regulating cell elongation. Furthermore, our study assigned a novel role to MKK2 as a regulator of primary root growth and a (potential) regulator of auxin biosynthesis and signalling, and suggests the importance of the MKK2 Thr31 phosphorylation site for growth regulation in the Arabidopsis root tip.
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59
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Yu W, Yu Y, Wang C, Zhang Z, Xue Z. Mechanism by which salt stress induces physiological responses and regulates tanshinone synthesis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 164:10-20. [PMID: 33933946 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Salvia miltiorrhiza is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine with tanshinone as one of the main bioactive components and has antitumor, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory properties, as well as other physiological functions. Tanshinone, as a secondary metabolite, is synthesized under salt stress or other environmental stresses. Oxidative stress is an important physiological response of plants to salt stress. Transcription factors (TFs) are believed to play regulatory roles in this process, and AP2/ERF TFs have significant effects on defense against the adversity of plants. However, investigations on the regulation of AP2/ERF TFs in tanshinone synthesis under salt stress are limited. In this research, the tanshinone content, related gene expression and activities of enzymes, and the markers of oxidative stress were determined. The results showed that SmAP1, SmAP2 and SmERF2 were AP2/ERF TFs with AP conserved sequences, whose relative expression levels increased and were positively correlated with the contents of tanshinone I (T-I), tanshinone IIA (T-IIA) and cryptotanshinone (CT) in the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) increased in the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza. The expression levels of genes encoding enzymes and the activities of key enzymes in the tanshinone biosynthesis pathway increased accordingly. The results showed that AP2/ERF TFs could positively regulate the biosynthesis of tanshinone in the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wancong Yu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 300384, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Department of Food Science, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300350, Tianjin, China
| | - Ceng Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 300384, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Preservation of Agricultural Products, Key Laboratory of Storage of Agricultural Product,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Postharvest Physiology and Storage of Agricultural Products, 300384, Tianjin, China.
| | - Zhaohui Xue
- Department of Food Science, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300350, Tianjin, China.
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60
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Kong X, Zhang C, Zheng H, Sun M, Zhang F, Zhang M, Cui F, Lv D, Liu L, Guo S, Zhang Y, Yuan X, Zhao S, Tian H, Ding Z. Antagonistic Interaction between Auxin and SA Signaling Pathways Regulates Bacterial Infection through Lateral Root in Arabidopsis. Cell Rep 2021; 32:108060. [PMID: 32846118 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathogen entry into host tissues is a critical and first step in infections. In plants, the lateral roots (LRs) are a potential entry and colonization site for pathogens. Here, using a GFP-labeled pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain DC3000 (Pto DC3000), we observe that virulent Pto DC3000 invades plants through emerged LRs in Arabidopsis. Pto DC3000 strongly induced LR formation, a process that was dependent on the AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR7 (ARF7)/ARF19-LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-DOMAIN (LBD) regulatory module. We show that salicylic acid (SA) represses LR formation, and several mutants defective in SA signaling are also involved in Pto DC3000-induced LR development. Significantly, ARF7, a well-documented positive regulator of LR development, directly represses the transcription of PR1 and PR2 to promote LR development. This study indicates that ARF7-mediated auxin signaling antagonizes with SA signaling to control bacterial infection through the regulation of LR development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangpei Kong
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China.
| | - Chunlei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Huihui Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Min Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Mengyue Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Fuhao Cui
- Department of Plant Pathology and the Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dongping Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050021, China
| | - Lijing Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Siyi Guo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Youming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Xianzheng Yuan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Shan Zhao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Huiyu Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Zhaojun Ding
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China.
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61
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Van Aken O. Mitochondrial redox systems as central hubs in plant metabolism and signaling. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 186:36-52. [PMID: 33624829 PMCID: PMC8154082 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Plant mitochondria are indispensable for plant metabolism and are tightly integrated into cellular homeostasis. This review provides an update on the latest research concerning the organization and operation of plant mitochondrial redox systems, and how they affect cellular metabolism and signaling, plant development, and stress responses. New insights into the organization and operation of mitochondrial energy systems such as the tricarboxylic acid cycle and mitochondrial electron transport chain (mtETC) are discussed. The mtETC produces reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, which can act as signals or lead to cellular damage, and are thus efficiently removed by mitochondrial antioxidant systems, including Mn-superoxide dismutase, ascorbate-glutathione cycle, and thioredoxin-dependent peroxidases. Plant mitochondria are tightly connected with photosynthesis, photorespiration, and cytosolic metabolism, thereby providing redox-balancing. Mitochondrial proteins are targets of extensive post-translational modifications, but their functional significance and how they are added or removed remains unclear. To operate in sync with the whole cell, mitochondria can communicate their functional status via mitochondrial retrograde signaling to change nuclear gene expression, and several recent breakthroughs here are discussed. At a whole organism level, plant mitochondria thus play crucial roles from the first minutes after seed imbibition, supporting meristem activity, growth, and fertility, until senescence of darkened and aged tissue. Finally, plant mitochondria are tightly integrated with cellular and organismal responses to environmental challenges such as drought, salinity, heat, and submergence, but also threats posed by pathogens. Both the major recent advances and outstanding questions are reviewed, which may help future research efforts on plant mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Van Aken
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Author for communication:
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62
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Lodde V, Morandini P, Costa A, Murgia I, Ezquer I. cROStalk for Life: Uncovering ROS Signaling in Plants and Animal Systems, from Gametogenesis to Early Embryonic Development. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:525. [PMID: 33916807 PMCID: PMC8067062 DOI: 10.3390/genes12040525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This review explores the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS)/Ca2+ in communication within reproductive structures in plants and animals. Many concepts have been described during the last years regarding how biosynthesis, generation products, antioxidant systems, and signal transduction involve ROS signaling, as well as its possible link with developmental processes and response to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this review, we first addressed classic key concepts in ROS and Ca2+ signaling in plants, both at the subcellular, cellular, and organ level. In the plant science field, during the last decades, new techniques have facilitated the in vivo monitoring of ROS signaling cascades. We will describe these powerful techniques in plants and compare them to those existing in animals. Development of new analytical techniques will facilitate the understanding of ROS signaling and their signal transduction pathways in plants and mammals. Many among those signaling pathways already have been studied in animals; therefore, a specific effort should be made to integrate this knowledge into plant biology. We here discuss examples of how changes in the ROS and Ca2+ signaling pathways can affect differentiation processes in plants, focusing specifically on reproductive processes where the ROS and Ca2+ signaling pathways influence the gametophyte functioning, sexual reproduction, and embryo formation in plants and animals. The study field regarding the role of ROS and Ca2+ in signal transduction is evolving continuously, which is why we reviewed the recent literature and propose here the potential targets affecting ROS in reproductive processes. We discuss the opportunities to integrate comparative developmental studies and experimental approaches into studies on the role of ROS/ Ca2+ in both plant and animal developmental biology studies, to further elucidate these crucial signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Lodde
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety (VESPA), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Piero Morandini
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Alex Costa
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.C.); (I.M.)
| | - Irene Murgia
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.C.); (I.M.)
| | - Ignacio Ezquer
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.C.); (I.M.)
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De Clercq I, Van de Velde J, Luo X, Liu L, Storme V, Van Bel M, Pottie R, Vaneechoutte D, Van Breusegem F, Vandepoele K. Integrative inference of transcriptional networks in Arabidopsis yields novel ROS signalling regulators. NATURE PLANTS 2021; 7:500-513. [PMID: 33846597 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-021-00894-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Gene regulation is a dynamic process in which transcription factors (TFs) play an important role in controlling spatiotemporal gene expression. To enhance our global understanding of regulatory interactions in Arabidopsis thaliana, different regulatory input networks capturing complementary information about DNA motifs, open chromatin, TF-binding and expression-based regulatory interactions were combined using a supervised learning approach, resulting in an integrated gene regulatory network (iGRN) covering 1,491 TFs and 31,393 target genes (1.7 million interactions). This iGRN outperforms the different input networks to predict known regulatory interactions and has a similar performance to recover functional interactions compared to state-of-the-art experimental methods. The iGRN correctly inferred known functions for 681 TFs and predicted new gene functions for hundreds of unknown TFs. For regulators predicted to be involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) stress regulation, we confirmed in total 75% of TFs with a function in ROS and/or physiological stress responses. This includes 13 ROS regulators, previously not connected to any ROS or stress function, that were experimentally validated in our ROS-specific phenotypic assays of loss- or gain-of-function lines. In conclusion, the presented iGRN offers a high-quality starting point to enhance our understanding of gene regulation in plants by integrating different experimental data types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge De Clercq
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Jan Van de Velde
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
- Bioinformatics Institute Ghent, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Xiaopeng Luo
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
- Bioinformatics Institute Ghent, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Veronique Storme
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michiel Van Bel
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Robin Pottie
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dries Vaneechoutte
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
- Bioinformatics Institute Ghent, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frank Van Breusegem
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Klaas Vandepoele
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium.
- Bioinformatics Institute Ghent, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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Wang Z, Rong D, Chen D, Xiao Y, Liu R, Wu S, Yamamuro C. Salicylic acid promotes quiescent center cell division through ROS accumulation and down-regulation of PLT1, PLT2, and WOX5. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 63:583-596. [PMID: 33017089 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) plays a crucial role in plant immunity. However, its function in plant development is poorly understood. The quiescent center (QC), which maintains columella stem cells (CSCs) in the root apical meristem and typically exhibits low levels of cell division, is critical for root growth and development. Here, we show that the Arabidopsis thaliana SA overaccumulation mutant constitutively activated cell death 1 (cad1), which exhibits increased cell division in the QC, is rescued by additional mutations in genes encoding the SA biosynthetic enzyme SALICYLIC ACID INDUCTION DEFFICIENT2 (SID2) or the SA receptor NONEXPRESSER OF PR GENES1 (NPR1), indicating that QC cell division in the cad1 mutant is promoted by the NPR1-dependent SA signaling pathway. The application of exogenous SA also promoted QC cell division in wild-type plants in a dose-dependent manner and largely suppressed the expression of genes involved in QC maintenance, including those encoding the APETALA2 (AP2) transcription factors PLETHORA1 (PLT1) and PLT2, as well as the homeodomain transcription factor WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX5 (WOX5). Moreover, we showed that SA promotes reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which is necessary for the QC cell division phenotype in the cad1 mutant. These results provide insight into the function of SA in QC maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuqing Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Duoyan Rong
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Centre of Lily Germplasm Resource in Novation and Deep Processing, College of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412007, China
| | - Dixing Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Renyi Liu
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Center for Agroforestry Mega Data Science, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Chizuko Yamamuro
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
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Eljebbawi A, Guerrero YDCR, Dunand C, Estevez JM. Highlighting reactive oxygen species as multitaskers in root development. iScience 2021; 24:101978. [PMID: 33490891 PMCID: PMC7808913 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are naturally produced by several redox reactions during plant regular metabolism such as photosynthesis and respiration. Due to their chemical properties and high reactivity, ROS were initially described as detrimental for cells during oxidative stress. However, they have been further recognized as key players in numerous developmental and physiological processes throughout the plant life cycle. Recent studies report the important role of ROS as growth regulators during plant root developmental processes such as in meristem maintenance, in root elongation, and in lateral root, root hair, endodermis, and vascular tissue differentiation. All involve multifaceted interplays between steady-state levels of ROS with transcriptional regulators, phytohormones, and nutrients. In this review, we attempt to summarize recent findings about how ROS are involved in multiple stages of plant root development during cell proliferation, elongation, and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Eljebbawi
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | | | - Christophe Dunand
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - José Manuel Estevez
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, CP C1405BWE, Argentina
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal (CBV), Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida (FCsV), Universidad Andres Bello and Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago, Chile
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66
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Hormonal and transcriptional analyses provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying root thickening and isoflavonoid biosynthesis in Callerya speciosa (Champ. ex Benth.) Schot. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9. [PMID: 33420059 PMCID: PMC7794344 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76633-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Callerya speciosa (Champ. ex Benth.) Schot is a traditional Chinese medicine characterized by tuberous roots as the main organ of isoflavonoid accumulation. Root thickening and isoflavonoid accumulation are two major factors for yield and quality of C. speciosa. However, the underlying mechanisms of root thickening and isoflavonoid biosynthesis have not yet been elucidated. Here, integrated morphological, hormonal and transcriptomic analyses of C. speciosa tuberous roots at four different ages (6, 12, 18, 30 months after germination) were performed. The growth cycle of C. speciosa could be divided into three stages: initiation, rapid-thickening and stable-thickening stage, which cued by the activity of vascular cambia. Endogenous changes in phytohormones were associated with developmental changes during root thickening. Jasmonic acid might be linked to the initial development of tuberous roots. Abscisic acid seemed to be essential for tuber maturation, whereas IAA, cis-zeatin and gibberellin 3 were considered essential for rapid thickening of tuberous roots. A total of 4337 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified during root thickening, including 15 DEGs participated in isoflavonoid biosynthesis, and 153 DEGs involved in starch/sucrose metabolism, hormonal signaling, transcriptional regulation and cell wall metabolism. A hypothetical model of genetic regulation associated with root thickening and isoflavonoid biosynthesis in C. speciosa is proposed, which will help in understanding the underlying mechanisms of tuberous root formation and isoflavonoid biosynthesis.
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Betti C, Della Rovere F, Piacentini D, Fattorini L, Falasca G, Altamura MM. Jasmonates, Ethylene and Brassinosteroids Control Adventitious and Lateral Rooting as Stress Avoidance Responses to Heavy Metals and Metalloids. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11010077. [PMID: 33435585 PMCID: PMC7827588 DOI: 10.3390/biom11010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Developmental and environmental signaling networks often converge during plant growth in response to changing conditions. Stress-induced hormones, such as jasmonates (JAs), can influence growth by crosstalk with other signals like brassinosteroids (BRs) and ethylene (ET). Nevertheless, it is unclear how avoidance of an abiotic stress triggers local changes in development as a response. It is known that stress hormones like JAs/ET and BRs can regulate the division rate of cells from the first asymmetric cell divisions (ACDs) in meristems, suggesting that stem cell activation may take part in developmental changes as a stress-avoidance-induced response. The root system is a prime responder to stress conditions in soil. Together with the primary root and lateral roots (LRs), adventitious roots (ARs) are necessary for survival in numerous plant species. AR and LR formation is affected by soil pollution, causing substantial root architecture changes by either depressing or enhancing rooting as a stress avoidance/survival response. Here, a detailed overview of the crosstalk between JAs, ET, BRs, and the stress mediator nitric oxide (NO) in auxin-induced AR and LR formation, with/without cadmium and arsenic, is presented. Interactions essential in achieving a balance between growth and adaptation to Cd and As soil pollution to ensure survival are reviewed here in the model species Arabidopsis and rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Betti
- Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Piazzale Menghini 8/9, 06132 Perugia, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-075-5782402
| | - Federica Della Rovere
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.D.R.); (D.P.); (L.F.); (G.F.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Diego Piacentini
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.D.R.); (D.P.); (L.F.); (G.F.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Laura Fattorini
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.D.R.); (D.P.); (L.F.); (G.F.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Giuseppina Falasca
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.D.R.); (D.P.); (L.F.); (G.F.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Maria Maddalena Altamura
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.D.R.); (D.P.); (L.F.); (G.F.); (M.M.A.)
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68
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García-Gómez ML, Garay-Arroyo A, García-Ponce B, Sánchez MDLP, Álvarez-Buylla ER. Hormonal Regulation of Stem Cell Proliferation at the Arabidopsis thaliana Root Stem Cell Niche. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:628491. [PMID: 33747009 PMCID: PMC7966715 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.628491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The root stem cell niche (SCN) of Arabidopsis thaliana consists of the quiescent center (QC) cells and the surrounding initial stem cells that produce progeny to replenish all the tissues of the root. The QC cells divide rather slowly relative to the initials, yet most root tissues can be formed from these cells, depending on the requirements of the plant. Hormones are fundamental cues that link such needs with the cell proliferation and differentiation dynamics at the root SCN. Nonetheless, the crosstalk between hormone signaling and the mechanisms that regulate developmental adjustments is still not fully understood. Developmental transcriptional regulatory networks modulate hormone biosynthesis, metabolism, and signaling, and conversely, hormonal responses can affect the expression of transcription factors involved in the spatiotemporal patterning at the root SCN. Hence, a complex genetic-hormonal regulatory network underlies root patterning, growth, and plasticity in response to changing environmental conditions. In this review, we summarize the scientific literature regarding the role of hormones in the regulation of QC cell proliferation and discuss how hormonal signaling pathways may be integrated with the gene regulatory network that underlies cell fate in the root SCN. The conceptual framework we present aims to contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms by which hormonal pathways act as integrators of environmental cues to impact on SCN activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica L. García-Gómez
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Desarrollo y Evolución de Plantas, Departamento de Ecología Funcional, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Adriana Garay-Arroyo
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Desarrollo y Evolución de Plantas, Departamento de Ecología Funcional, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Berenice García-Ponce
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Desarrollo y Evolución de Plantas, Departamento de Ecología Funcional, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - María de la Paz Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Desarrollo y Evolución de Plantas, Departamento de Ecología Funcional, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Elena R. Álvarez-Buylla
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Desarrollo y Evolución de Plantas, Departamento de Ecología Funcional, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Elena R. Álvarez-Buylla,
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Mase K, Tsukagoshi H. Reactive Oxygen Species Link Gene Regulatory Networks During Arabidopsis Root Development. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:660274. [PMID: 33986765 PMCID: PMC8110921 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.660274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Plant development under altered nutritional status and environmental conditions and during attack from invaders is highly regulated by plant hormones at the molecular level by various signaling pathways. Previously, reactive oxygen species (ROS) were believed to be harmful as they cause oxidative damage to cells; however, in the last decade, the essential role of ROS as signaling molecules regulating plant growth has been revealed. Plant roots accumulate relatively high levels of ROS, and thus, maintaining ROS homeostasis, which has been shown to regulate the balance between cell proliferation and differentiation at the root tip, is important for proper root growth. However, when the balance is disturbed, plants are unable to respond to the changes in the surrounding conditions and cannot grow and survive. Moreover, ROS control cell expansion and cell differentiation processes such as root hair formation and lateral root development. In these processes, the transcription factor-mediated gene expression network is important downstream of ROS. Although ROS can independently regulate root growth to some extent, a complex crosstalk occurs between ROS and other signaling molecules. Hormone signals are known to regulate root growth, and ROS are thought to merge with these signals. In fact, the crosstalk between ROS and these hormones has been elucidated, and the central transcription factors that act as a hub between these signals have been identified. In addition, ROS are known to act as important signaling factors in plant immune responses; however, how they also regulate plant growth is not clear. Recent studies have strongly indicated that ROS link these two events. In this review, we describe and discuss the role of ROS signaling in root development, with a particular focus on transcriptional regulation. We also summarize the crosstalk with other signals and discuss the importance of ROS as signaling molecules for plant root development.
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Christiaens F, Canher B, Lanssens F, Bisht A, Stael S, De Veylder L, Heyman J. Pars Pro Toto: Every Single Cell Matters. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:656825. [PMID: 34194448 PMCID: PMC8236983 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.656825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Compared to other species, plants stand out by their unparalleled self-repair capacities. Being the loss of a single cell or an entire tissue, most plant species are able to efficiently repair the inflicted damage. Although this self-repair process is commonly referred to as "regeneration," depending on the type of damage and organ being affected, subtle to dramatic differences in the modus operandi can be observed. Recent publications have focused on these different types of tissue damage and their associated response in initiating the regeneration process. Here, we review the regeneration response following loss of a single cell to a complete organ, emphasizing key molecular players and hormonal cues involved in the model species Arabidopsis thaliana. In addition, we highlight the agricultural applications and techniques that make use of these regenerative responses in different crop and tree species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fien Christiaens
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Balkan Canher
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Fien Lanssens
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anchal Bisht
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Simon Stael
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lieven De Veylder
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Lieven De Veylder,
| | - Jefri Heyman
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
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Xiong Y, Fan XH, Wang Q, Yin ZG, Sheng XW, Chen J, Zhou YB, Chen M, Ma YZ, Ma J, Xu ZS. Genomic Analysis of Soybean PP2A-B ' ' Family and Its Effects on Drought and Salt Tolerance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:784038. [PMID: 35195114 PMCID: PMC8847135 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.784038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses induce the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and significantly affect plant growth. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) plays an important role in controlling intracellular and extracellular ROS signals. However, the interaction between PP2A, ROS, and stress tolerance remains largely unclear. In this study, we found that the B ' ' subunit of PP2A (PP2A-B ' ' ) can be significantly induced and was analyzed using drought- and salt-induced soybean transcriptome data. Eighty-three soybean PP2A-B ' ' genes were identified from the soybean genome via homologous sequence alignment, which was distributed across 20 soybean chromosomes. Among soybean PP2A-B ' ' family genes, 26 GmPP2A-B ' ' members were found to be responsive to drought and salt stresses in soybean transcriptome data. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis demonstrated that GmPP2A-B ' ' 71 had the highest expression levels under salt and drought stresses. Functional analysis demonstrated that overexpression of GmPP2A-B ' ' 71 in soybeans can improve plant tolerance to drought and salt stresses; however, the interference of GmPP2A-B ' ' 71 in soybean increased the sensibility to drought and salt stresses. Further analysis demonstrated that overexpression of GmPP2A-B ' ' 71 in soybean could enhance the expression levels of stress-responsive genes, particularly genes associated with ROS elimination. These results indicate that PP2A-B ' ' can promote plant stress tolerance by regulating the ROS signaling, which will contribute to improving the drought resistance of crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiong
- College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xu-Hong Fan
- Soybean Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Research Center for Soybean, Changchun, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Crop Resources Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Zheng-Gong Yin
- Crop Resources Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xue-Wen Sheng
- College of Modern Agriculture, Changchun Vocational Institute of Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Bin Zhou
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - You-Zhi Ma
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Ma
- College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Ma,
| | - Zhao-Shi Xu
- College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
- Zhao-Shi Xu,
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Yang S, Ma S, Qiu R, Guang Q, Lv Y, Dong Y, Wu J, Song L. Comparative analysis of RNA-Seq data reveals adventitious root development is mediated by ChIFNα in lotus japonicus. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2020.1859946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shimei Yang
- Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Key Lab of Agro-Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Siyu Ma
- Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Key Lab of Agro-Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Riguang Qiu
- Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Key Lab of Agro-Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiao Guang
- Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Key Lab of Agro-Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun Lv
- Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Key Lab of Agro-Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaping Dong
- Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Key Lab of Agro-Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiahai Wu
- Institute of Fruit Research, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Song
- Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Key Lab of Agro-Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
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73
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The Roles of Peptide Hormones and Their Receptors during Plant Root Development. Genes (Basel) 2020; 12:genes12010022. [PMID: 33375648 PMCID: PMC7823343 DOI: 10.3390/genes12010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptide hormones play pivotal roles in many physiological processes through coordinating developmental and environmental cues among different cells. Peptide hormones are recognized by their receptors that convey signals to downstream targets and interact with multiple pathways to fine-tune plant growth. Extensive research has illustrated the mechanisms of peptides in shoots but functional studies of peptides in roots are scarce. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known to be involved in stress-related events. However, recent studies have shown that they are also associated with many processes that regulate plant development. Here, we focus on recent advances in understanding the relationships between peptide hormones and their receptors during root growth including outlines of how ROS are integrated with these networks.
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74
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Wang J, Nan N, Shi L, Li N, Huang S, Zhang A, Liu Y, Guo P, Liu B, Xu ZY. Arabidopsis BRCA1 represses RRTF1-mediated ROS production and ROS-responsive gene expression under dehydration stress. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 228:1591-1610. [PMID: 32621388 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as important secondary messengers in abscisic acid (ABA) signaling and induce stomatal closure under dehydration stress. The breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1), an important tumor suppressor in animals, functions primarily in the maintenance of genome integrity in animals and plants. However, whether and how the plant BRCA1 regulates intracellular ROS homeostasis in guard cells under dehydration stress remains unknown. Here, we found that Arabidopsis atbrca1 loss-of-function mutants showed dehydration stress tolerance. This stress tolerant phenotype of atbrca1 was a result of ABA- and ROS-induced stomatal closure, which was enhanced in atbrca1 mutants compared with the wild-type. AtBRCA1 downregulated the expression of ROS-responsive and marker genes. Notably, these genes were also the targets of the AP2/ERF transcriptional activator RRTF1/ERF109. Under normal conditions, AtBRCA1 physically interacted with RRTF1 and inhibited its binding to the GCC-box-like sequence in target gene promoters. Under dehydration stress, the expression of AtBRCA1 was dramatically reduced and that of RRTF1 was activated, thus inducing the expression of ROS-responsive genes. Overall, our study reveals a novel molecular function of AtBRCA1 in the transcriptional regulation of intracellular ROS homeostasis under dehydration stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Nan Nan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Lulu Shi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Ning Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Shuangzhan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Ai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Yutong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Peng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Bao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Zheng-Yi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
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75
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Lakehal A, Dob A, Rahneshan Z, Novák O, Escamez S, Alallaq S, Strnad M, Tuominen H, Bellini C. ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR 115 integrates jasmonate and cytokinin signaling machineries to repress adventitious rooting in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 228:1611-1626. [PMID: 32634250 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Adventitious root initiation (ARI) is a de novo organogenesis program and a key adaptive trait in plants. Several hormones regulate ARI but the underlying genetic architecture that integrates the hormonal crosstalk governing this process remains largely elusive. In this study, we use genetics, genome editing, transcriptomics, hormone profiling and cell biological approaches to demonstrate a crucial role played by the APETALA2/ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR 115 transcription factor. We demonstrate that ERF115 functions as a repressor of ARI by activating the cytokinin (CK) signaling machinery. We also demonstrate that ERF115 is transcriptionally activated by jasmonate (JA), an oxylipin-derived phytohormone, which represses ARI in NINJA-dependent and independent manners. Our data indicate that NINJA-dependent JA signaling in pericycle cells blocks early events of ARI. Altogether, our results reveal a previously unreported molecular network involving cooperative crosstalk between JA and CK machineries that represses ARI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdellah Lakehal
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Center, Umeå University, SE-90736, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Asma Dob
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Center, Umeå University, SE-90736, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Zahra Rahneshan
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Center, Umeå University, SE-90736, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman, 76169-14111, Iran
| | - Ondřej Novák
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Forest Genetics and Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Center, Swedish Agriculture University, SE-90183, Umea, Sweden
| | - Sacha Escamez
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Center, Umeå University, SE-90736, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Sanaria Alallaq
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Center, Umeå University, SE-90736, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Miroslav Strnad
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Hannele Tuominen
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Center, Umeå University, SE-90736, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Catherine Bellini
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Center, Umeå University, SE-90736, Umeå, Sweden
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, FR-78000, Versailles, France
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76
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Salt-responsive transcriptome analysis of triticale reveals candidate genes involved in the key metabolic pathway in response to salt stress. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20669. [PMID: 33244037 PMCID: PMC7691987 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77686-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Triticale is tolerant of many environmental stresses, especially highly resistant to salt stress. However, the molecular regulatory mechanism of triticale seedlings under salt stress conditions is still unclear so far. In this study, a salt-responsive transcriptome analysis was conducted to identify candidate genes or transcription factors related to salt tolerance in triticale. The root of salt-tolerant triticale cultivars TW004 with salt-treated and non-salt stress at different time points were sampled and subjected to de novo transcriptome sequencing. Total 877,858 uniquely assembled transcripts were identified and most contigs were annotated in public databases including nr, GO, KEGG, eggNOG, Swiss-Prot and Pfam. 59,280, 49,345, and 85,922 differentially expressed uniquely assembled transcripts between salt treated and control triticale root samples at three different time points (C12_vs_T12, C24_vs_T24, and C48_vs_T48) were identified, respectively. Expression profile and functional enrichment analysis of DEGs found that some DEGs were significantly enriched in metabolic pathways related to salt tolerance, such as reduction–oxidation pathways, starch and sucrose metabolism. In addition, several transcription factor families that may be associated with salt tolerance were also identified, including AP2/ERF, NAC, bHLH, WRKY and MYB. Furthermore, 14 DEGs were selected to validate the transcriptome profiles via quantitative RT-PCR. In conclusion, these results provide a foundation for further researches on the regulatory mechanism of triticale seedlings adaptation to salt stress in the future.
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77
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Stefanski FS, Camargo AF, Scapini T, Bonatto C, Venturin B, Weirich SN, Ulkovski C, Carezia C, Ulrich A, Michelon W, Soares HM, Mathiensen A, Fongaro G, Mossi AJ, Treichel H. Potential Use of Biological Herbicides in a Circular Economy Context: A Sustainable Approach. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2020.521102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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78
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Jia Y, Kong X, Hu K, Cao M, Liu J, Ma C, Guo S, Yuan X, Zhao S, Robert HS, Li C, Tian H, Ding Z. PIFs coordinate shade avoidance by inhibiting auxin repressor ARF18 and metabolic regulator QQS. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 228:609-621. [PMID: 32521046 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Shade avoidance syndrome (SAS) arises in densely growing plants that compete for light. In Arabidopsis thaliana, phytochrome interacting factor (PIF) proteins link the perception of shade to stem elongation via auxin production. Here, we report that PIFs inhibit the shade-induced expression of AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 18 (ARF18), and ARF18 represses auxin signaling. Therefore, PIF-mediated inhibition of ARF18 enhances auxin-dependent hypocotyl elongation in simulated shade. Furthermore, we show that both PIFs and ARF18 directly repress qua-quine starch (QQS), which controls the allocation of carbon and nitrogen. Shade-repressed QQS attenuates the conversion of starch to protein and thus reduced leaf area. Our results suggest that PIF-dependent gene regulation coordinates multiple SAS responses, including altered stem growth via ARF18, as well as altered leaf growth and metabolism via QQS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuebin Jia
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Xiangpei Kong
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Kongqin Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Mengqiang Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Changle Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Siyi Guo
- The key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Xianzheng Yuan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Shan Zhao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Hélène S Robert
- Mendel Centre for Genomics and Proteomics of Plants Systems, CEITEC MU - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, 004205, Czech Republic
| | - Cuiling Li
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Huiyu Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Zhaojun Ding
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
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79
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Sun XD, Yuan XZ, Jia Y, Feng LJ, Zhu FP, Dong SS, Liu J, Kong X, Tian H, Duan JL, Ding Z, Wang SG, Xing B. Differentially charged nanoplastics demonstrate distinct accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 15:755-760. [PMID: 32572228 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-020-0707-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 488] [Impact Index Per Article: 122.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Although the fates of microplastics (0.1-5 mm in size) and nanoplastics (<100 nm) in marine environments are being increasingly well studied1,2, little is known about the behaviour of nanoplastics in terrestrial environments3-6, especially agricultural soils7. Previous studies have evaluated the consequences of nanoplastic accumulation in aquatic plants, but there is no direct evidence for the internalization of nanoplastics in terrestrial plants. Here, we show that both positively and negatively charged nanoplastics can accumulate in Arabidopsis thaliana. The aggregation promoted by the growth medium and root exudates limited the uptake of amino-modified polystyrene nanoplastics with positive surface charges. Thus, positively charged nanoplastics accumulated at relatively low levels in the root tips, but these nanoplastics induced a higher accumulation of reactive oxygen species and inhibited plant growth and seedling development more strongly than negatively charged sulfonic-acid-modified nanoplastics. By contrast, the negatively charged nanoplastics were observed frequently in the apoplast and xylem. Our findings provide direct evidence that nanoplastics can accumulate in plants, depending on their surface charge. Plant accumulation of nanoplastics can have both direct ecological effects and implications for agricultural sustainability and food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dong Sun
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian-Zheng Yuan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuebin Jia
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, School of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Juan Feng
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan-Ping Zhu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Shang-Shang Dong
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangpei Kong
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiyu Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Lu Duan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaojun Ding
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shu-Guang Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, MA, USA.
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80
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Wang J, Su Y, Kong X, Ding Z, Zhang XS. Initiation and maintenance of plant stem cells in root and shoot apical meristems. ABIOTECH 2020; 1:194-204. [PMID: 36303567 PMCID: PMC9590467 DOI: 10.1007/s42994-020-00020-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Plant stem cells are a small group of cells with a self-renewal capacity and serve as a steady supply of precursor cells to form new differentiated tissues and organs in plants. Root stem cells and shoot stem cells, which are located in the root apical meristem and in the shoot apical meristem, respectively, play a critical role in plant longitudinal growth. These stem cells in shoot and root apical meristems remain as pluripotent state throughout the lifespan of the plant and control the growth and development of plants. The molecular mechanisms of initiation and maintenance of plant stem cells have been extensively investigated. In this review, we mainly discuss how the plant phytohormones, such as auxin and cytokinin, coordinate with the key transcription factors to regulate plant stem cell initiation and maintenance in root and shoot apical meristems. In addition, we highlight the common regulatory mechanisms of both root and shoot apical meristems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxia Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong China
| | - Yinghua Su
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 Shandong China
| | - Xiangpei Kong
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong China
| | - Zhaojun Ding
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong China
| | - Xian Sheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 Shandong China
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81
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Rocks in the auxin stream: Wound-induced auxin accumulation and ERF115 expression synergistically drive stem cell regeneration. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:16667-16677. [PMID: 32601177 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2006620117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are known for their outstanding capacity to recover from various wounds and injuries. However, it remains largely unknown how plants sense diverse forms of injury and canalize existing developmental processes into the execution of a correct regenerative response. Auxin, a cardinal plant hormone with morphogen-like properties, has been previously implicated in the recovery from diverse types of wounding and organ loss. Here, through a combination of cellular imaging and in silico modeling, we demonstrate that vascular stem cell death obstructs the polar auxin flux, much alike rocks in a stream, and causes it to accumulate in the endodermis. This in turn grants the endodermal cells the capacity to undergo periclinal cell division to repopulate the vascular stem cell pool. Replenishment of the vasculature by the endodermis depends on the transcription factor ERF115, a wound-inducible regulator of stem cell division. Although not the primary inducer, auxin is required to maintain ERF115 expression. Conversely, ERF115 sensitizes cells to auxin by activating ARF5/MONOPTEROS, an auxin-responsive transcription factor involved in the global auxin response, tissue patterning, and organ formation. Together, the wound-induced auxin accumulation and ERF115 expression grant the endodermal cells stem cell activity. Our work provides a mechanistic model for wound-induced stem cell regeneration in which ERF115 acts as a wound-inducible stem cell organizer that interprets wound-induced auxin maxima.
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82
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Wounding-induced changes in cellular pressure and localized auxin signalling spatially coordinate restorative divisions in roots. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:15322-15331. [PMID: 32541049 PMCID: PMC7334516 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2003346117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are sessile organisms that cannot evade wounding or pathogen attack, and their cells are encapsulated within cell walls, making it impossible to use cell migration for wound healing like animals. Thus, regeneration in plants largely relies on the coordination of targeted cell expansion and oriented cell division. Here we show in the root that the major growth hormone auxin is specifically activated in wound-adjacent cells, regulating cell expansion, cell division rates, and regeneration-involved transcription factor ERF115. These wound responses depend on cell collapse of the eliminated cells presumably perceived by the cell damage-induced changes in cellular pressure. This largely broadens our understanding of how wound responses are coordinated on a cellular level to mediate wound healing and prevent overproliferation. Wound healing in plant tissues, consisting of rigid cell wall-encapsulated cells, represents a considerable challenge and occurs through largely unknown mechanisms distinct from those in animals. Owing to their inability to migrate, plant cells rely on targeted cell division and expansion to regenerate wounds. Strict coordination of these wound-induced responses is essential to ensure efficient, spatially restricted wound healing. Single-cell tracking by live imaging allowed us to gain mechanistic insight into the wound perception and coordination of wound responses after laser-based wounding in Arabidopsis root. We revealed a crucial contribution of the collapse of damaged cells in wound perception and detected an auxin increase specific to cells immediately adjacent to the wound. This localized auxin increase balances wound-induced cell expansion and restorative division rates in a dose-dependent manner, leading to tumorous overproliferation when the canonical TIR1 auxin signaling is disrupted. Auxin and wound-induced turgor pressure changes together also spatially define the activation of key components of regeneration, such as the transcription regulator ERF115. Our observations suggest that the wound signaling involves the sensing of collapse of damaged cells and a local auxin signaling activation to coordinate the downstream transcriptional responses in the immediate wound vicinity.
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83
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Krupinska K, Blanco NE, Oetke S, Zottini M. Genome communication in plants mediated by organelle-n-ucleus-located proteins. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2020; 375:20190397. [PMID: 32362260 PMCID: PMC7209962 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of eukaryotic proteins have been shown to have a dual localization in the DNA-containing organelles, mitochondria and plastids, and/or the nucleus. Regulation of dual targeting and relocation of proteins from organelles to the nucleus offer the most direct means for communication between organelles as well as organelles and nucleus. Most of the mitochondrial proteins of animals have functions in DNA repair and gene expression by modelling of nucleoid architecture and/or chromatin. In plants, such proteins can affect replication and early development. Most plastid proteins with a confirmed or predicted second location in the nucleus are associated with the prokaryotic core RNA polymerase and are required for chloroplast development and light responses. Few plastid–nucleus-located proteins are involved in pathogen defence and cell cycle control. For three proteins, it has been clearly shown that they are first targeted to the organelle and then relocated to the nucleus, i.e. the nucleoid-associated proteins HEMERA and Whirly1 and the stroma-located defence protein NRIP1. Relocation to the nucleus can be experimentally demonstrated by plastid transformation leading to the synthesis of proteins with a tag that enables their detection in the nucleus or by fusions with fluoroproteins in different experimental set-ups. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Retrograde signalling from endosymbiotic organelles’.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Krupinska
- Institute of Botany, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Olshausenstraße 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Nicolás E Blanco
- Centre of Photosynthetic and Biochemical Studies, Faculty of Biochemical Science and Pharmacy, National University of Rosario (CEFOBI/UNR-CONICET), Rosario, Argentina
| | - Svenja Oetke
- Institute of Botany, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Olshausenstraße 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Michela Zottini
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58B, 35131 Padova, Italy
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84
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Jiang L, Yang J, Liu C, Chen Z, Yao Z, Cao S. Overexpression of ethylene response factor ERF96 gene enhances selenium tolerance in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 149:294-300. [PMID: 32097848 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Ethylene response factors (ERFs) are involved in the regulation of plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Here we provide evidence for a role of ERF96, a member of the ERF transcription factor group IX, in selenite tolerance in Arabidopsis. ERF96 gene was rapidly up-regulated in response to selenite stress. Overexpression of ERF96 enhanced Arabidopsis resistance to selenite stress, while ERF96-silenced plants demonstrated wild-type (WT) resistance to selenite. In addition, the overexpression plants had significantly lower selenium (Se) content in shoots when subjected to selenite stress. Further investigation indicated that overexpression of ERF96 reduced transcript levels of selenite/phosphate transporters PHT1;1 and PHT2;1, which influenced Arabidopsis Se uptake and allocation in the presence of selenite. Moreover, our experiments showed that overexpression of ERF96 enhanced Arabidopsis antioxidant activity. Under selenite stress, ERF96-overexpressing lines exhibited the significant increases in catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities as well as the glutathione (GSH) content, while had a decrease in reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation compared to WT. Taken together, our results demonstrate that ERF96 plays a positive role in the regulation of selenite tolerance in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jiang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, China.
| | - Juan Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, China
| | - Changxuan Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, China
| | - Ziping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Zhicheng Yao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, China
| | - Shuqing Cao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, China
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Zhu R, Dong X, Xue Y, Xu J, Zhang A, Feng M, Zhao Q, Xia S, Yin Y, He S, Li Y, Liu T, Kang E, Shang Z. Redox-Responsive Transcription Factor 1 (RRFT1) Is Involved in Extracellular ATP-Regulated Arabidopsis thaliana Seedling Growth. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 61:685-698. [PMID: 32049334 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaa014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular adenosine triphosphate (eATP) is an apoplastic signaling molecule that plays an essential role in the growth and development of plants. Arabidopsis seedlings have been reported to respond to eATP; however, the downstream signaling components are still not well understood. In this study, we report that an ethylene-responsive factor, Redox-Responsive Transcription Factor 1 (RRTF1), is involved in eATP-regulated Arabidopsis thaliana seedling growth. Exogenous adenosine triphosphate inhibited green seedling root growth and induced hypocotyl bending of etiolated seedlings. RRTF1 loss-of-function mutant (rrtf1) seedlings showed decreased responses to eATP, while its complementation or overexpression led to recovered or increased eATP responsiveness. RRTF1 was expressed rapidly after eATP stimulation and then migrated into the nuclei of root tip cells. eATP-induced auxin accumulation in root tip or hypocotyl cells was impaired in rrtf1. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and high-throughput sequencing results indicated that eATP induced some genes related to cell growth and development in wild type but not in rrtf1 cells. These results suggest that RRTF1 may be involved in eATP signaling by regulating functional gene expression and cell metabolism in Arabidopsis seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruojia Zhu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoxia Dong
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
- Department of Chemistry Engineering and Biological Technology, Xingtai University, Xingtai 054001, Hebei, China
| | - Yingying Xue
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Jiawei Xu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Aiqi Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Meng Feng
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Shuyan Xia
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Yahong Yin
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Shihua He
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Yuke Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Erfang Kang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Zhonglin Shang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
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Zhou X, Xiang Y, Li C, Yu G. Modulatory Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Root Development in Model Plant of Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:485932. [PMID: 33042167 PMCID: PMC7525048 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.485932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), a type of oxygen monoelectronic reduction product, have a higher chemical activity than O2. Although ROS pose potential risks to all organisms via inducing oxidative stress, indispensable role of ROS in individual development cannot be ignored. Among them, the role of ROS in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana is deeply studied. Mounting evidence suggests that ROS are essential for root and root hair development. In the present review, we provide an updated perspective on the latest research progress pertaining to the role of ROS in the precise regulation of root stem cell maintenance and differentiation, redox regulation of the cell cycle, and root hair initiation during root growth. Among the different types of ROS, O2 •- and H2O2 have been extensively investigated, and they exhibit different gradient distributions in the roots. The concentration of O2 •- decreases along a gradient from the meristem to the transition zone and the concentration of H2O2 decreases along a gradient from the differentiation zone to the elongation zone. These gradients are regulated by peroxidases, which are modulated by the UPBEAT1 (UPB1) transcription factor. In addition, multiple transcriptional factors, such as APP1, ABO8, PHB3, and RITF1, which are involved in the brassinolide signaling pathway, converge as a ROS signal to regulate root stem cell maintenance. Furthermore, superoxide anions (O2 •-) are generated from the oxidation in mitochondria, ROS produced during plasmid metabolism, H2O2 produced in apoplasts, and catalysis of respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH) in the cell membrane. Furthermore, ROS can act as a signal to regulate redox status, which regulates the expression of the cell-cycle components CYC2;3, CYCB1;1, and retinoblastoma-related protein, thereby controlling the cell-cycle progression. In the root maturation zone, the epidermal cells located in the H cell position emerge to form hair cells, and plant hormones, such as auxin and ethylene regulate root hair formation via ROS. Furthermore, ROS accumulation can influence hormone signal transduction and vice versa. Data about the association between nutrient stress and ROS signals in root hair development are scarce. However, the fact that ROBHC/RHD2 or RHD6 is specifically expressed in root hair cells and induced by nutrients, may explain the relationship. Future studies should focus on the regulatory mechanisms underlying root hair development via the interactions of ROS with hormone signals and nutrient components.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Guanghui Yu
- *Correspondence: Guanghui Yu, ; orcid.org/0000-0002-3174-1878
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87
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Hoermayer L, Friml J. Targeted cell ablation-based insights into wound healing and restorative patterning. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 52:124-130. [PMID: 31585333 PMCID: PMC6900583 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2019.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plants as sessile organisms are constantly under attack by herbivores, rough environmental situations, or mechanical pressure. These challenges often lead to the induction of wounds or destruction of already specified and developed tissues. Additionally, wounding makes plants vulnerable to invasion by pathogens, which is why wound signalling often triggers specific defence responses. To stay competitive or, eventually, survive under these circumstances, plants need to regenerate efficiently, which in rigid, tissue migration-incompatible plant tissues requires post-embryonic patterning and organogenesis. Now, several studies used laser-assisted single cell ablation in the Arabidopsis root tip as a minimal wounding proxy. Here, we discuss their findings and put them into context of a broader spectrum of wound signalling, pathogen responses and tissue as well as organ regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Hoermayer
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Jiří Friml
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria.
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Kitagawa M, Balkunde R, Bui H, Jackson D. An Aminoacyl tRNA Synthetase, OKI1, Is Required for Proper Shoot Meristem Size in Arabidopsis. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 60:2597-2608. [PMID: 31393575 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcz153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In plants, the stem cells that form the shoot system reside within the shoot apical meristem (SAM), which is regulated by feedback signaling between the WUSCHEL (WUS) homeobox protein and CLAVATA (CLV) peptides and receptors. WUS-CLV feedback signaling can be modulated by various endogenous or exogenous factors, such as chromatin state, hormone signaling, reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling and nutrition, leading to a dynamic control of SAM size corresponding to meristem activity. Despite these insights, however, the knowledge of genes that control SAM size is still limited, and in particular, the regulation by ROS signaling is only beginning to be comprehended. In this study, we report a new function in maintenance of SAM size, encoded by the OKINA KUKI1 (OKI1) gene. OKI1 is expressed in the SAM and encodes a mitochondrial aspartyl tRNA synthetase (AspRS). oki1 mutants display enlarged SAMs with abnormal expression of WUS and CLV3 and overaccumulation of ROS in the meristem. Our findings support the importance of normal AspRS function in the maintenance of the WUS-CLV3 feedback loop and SAM size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munenori Kitagawa
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1 Bungtown road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Rachappa Balkunde
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1 Bungtown road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Huyen Bui
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1 Bungtown road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
- Center of Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, 366 Barnard Hall, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - David Jackson
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1 Bungtown road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
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Li XJ, Yang JL, Hao B, Lu YC, Qian ZL, Li Y, Ye S, Tang JR, Chen M, Long GQ, Zhao Y, Zhang GH, Chen JW, Fan W, Yang SC. Comparative transcriptome and metabolome analyses provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying taproot thickening in Panax notoginseng. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:451. [PMID: 31655543 PMCID: PMC6815444 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-2067-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Taproot thickening is a complex biological process that is dependent on the coordinated expression of genes controlled by both environmental and developmental factors. Panax notoginseng is an important Chinese medicinal herb that is characterized by an enlarged taproot as the main organ of saponin accumulation. However, the molecular mechanisms of taproot enlargement are poorly understood. RESULTS A total of 29,957 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified during the thickening process in the taproots of P. notoginseng. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment revealed that DEGs associated with "plant hormone signal transduction," "starch and sucrose metabolism," and "phenylpropanoid biosynthesis" were predominantly enriched. Further analysis identified some critical genes (e.g., RNase-like major storage protein, DA1-related protein, and Starch branching enzyme I) and metabolites (e.g., sucrose, glucose, fructose, malate, and arginine) that potentially control taproot thickening. Several aspects including hormone crosstalk, transcriptional regulation, homeostatic regulation between sugar and starch, and cell wall metabolism, were identified as important for the thickening process in the taproot of P. notoginseng. CONCLUSION The results provide a molecular regulatory network of taproot thickening in P. notoginseng and facilitate the further characterization of the genes responsible for taproot formation in root medicinal plants or crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Jiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National& Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Jian-Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bing Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National& Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Ying-Chun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National& Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Zhi-Long Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National& Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National& Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Shuang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National& Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Jun-Rong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National& Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Mo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National& Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Guang-Qiang Long
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National& Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Yan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National& Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Guang-Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National& Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Jun-Wen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National& Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Wei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National& Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Sheng-Chao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National& Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
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90
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Zou Y, Zhang X, Tan Y, Huang JB, Zheng Z, Tao LZ. Phosphoethanolamine N-methyltransferase 1 contributes to maintenance of root apical meristem by affecting ROS and auxin-regulated cell differentiation in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 224:258-273. [PMID: 31246280 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The continuous growth of roots requires the balance between cell division and differentiation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and auxin are important regulators of root development by affecting cell division and differentiation. The mechanism controlling the coordination of cell division and differentiation is not well understood. Using a forward genetic screen, we isolated a mutant, defective primary root 2 (dpr2), defective in root apical meristem (RAM) maintenance. The DPR2 gene encodes phosphoethanolamine N-methyltransferase 1 (PEAMT1) that catalyzes phosphocholine biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. We characterized the primary root phenotypes of dpr2 using various marker lines, using histochemical and pharmacological analysis to probe early root development. Loss-of-function of DPR2/PEAMT1 resulted in RAM consumption by affecting root stem cell niche, division zone, elongation and differentiation zone (EDZ). PIN-FORMED (PIN) protein abundance, PIN2 polar distribution and general endocytosis were impaired in the root tip of dpr2. Excess hydrogen peroxide and auxin accumulate in the EDZ of dpr2, leading to RAM consumption by accelerating cell differentiation. Suppression of ROS over-accumulation or inhibition of auxin signalling partially prevent RAM differentiation in dpr2 after choline starvation. Taken together, we conclude that the EDZ of the root tip is most sensitive to choline shortage, leading to RAM consumption through an ROS-auxin regulation module.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yunyi Tan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jia-Bao Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhiqiong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Li-Zhen Tao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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Shimotohno A, Scheres B. Topology of regulatory networks that guide plant meristem activity: similarities and differences. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 51:74-80. [PMID: 31102928 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Plants adapt their morphology in response to variable environmental conditions such as nitrate availability, drought, and temperature shifts. Three crucial aspects to this developmental plasticity are the control of initiation, identity and activity of meristems. At the cellular level, the activity of meristems is controlled by balancing self-renewal in stem cells, amplifying divisions in their daughter cells, and cell differentiation. Recent studies in plants have uncovered transcription factors regulating meristem activity at cellular resolution, and regulatory networks that couple these factors with phytohormone signalling for global plant growth regulation. Here, we highlight selected recent advances in our understanding of the multidimensional transcriptional networks that regulate meristem activity and discuss emerging insights on how a selection of environmental cues impinges on these networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akie Shimotohno
- Department of Biological Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Ben Scheres
- Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6708PB, The Netherlands; Rijk Zwaan Research and Development, Fijnaart 4793 RS, The Netherlands.
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Chen K, Guo T, Li XM, Yang YB, Dong NQ, Shi CL, Ye WW, Shan JX, Lin HX. NAL8 encodes a prohibitin that contributes to leaf and spikelet development by regulating mitochondria and chloroplasts stability in rice. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:395. [PMID: 31510917 PMCID: PMC6737680 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-2007-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leaf morphology and spikelet number are two important traits associated with grain yield. To understand how genes coordinating with sink and sources of cereal crops is important for grain yield improvement guidance. Although many researches focus on leaf morphology or grain number in rice, the regulating molecular mechanisms are still unclear. RESULTS In this study, we identified a prohibitin complex 2α subunit, NAL8, that contributes to multiple developmental process and is required for normal leaf width and spikelet number at the reproductive stage in rice. These results were consistent with the ubiquitous expression pattern of NAL8 gene. We used genetic complementation, CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system, RNAi gene silenced system and overexpressing system to generate transgenic plants for confirming the fuctions of NAL8. Mutation of NAL8 causes a reduction in the number of plastoglobules and shrunken thylakoids in chloroplasts, resulting in reduced cell division. In addition, the auxin levels in nal8 mutants are higher than in TQ, while the cytokinin levels are lower than in TQ. Moreover, RNA-sequencing and proteomics analysis shows that NAL8 is involved in multiple hormone signaling pathways as well as photosynthesis in chloroplasts and respiration in mitochondria. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide new insights into the way that NAL8 functions as a molecular chaperone in regulating plant leaf morphology and spikelet number through its effects on mitochondria and chloroplasts associated with cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics & Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tao Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics & Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xin-Min Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics & Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yi-Bing Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics & Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Nai-Qian Dong
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics & Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chuan-Lin Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics & Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wang-Wei Ye
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics & Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jun-Xiang Shan
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics & Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hong-Xuan Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics & Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.
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NEEDLE1 encodes a mitochondria localized ATP-dependent metalloprotease required for thermotolerant maize growth. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:19736-19742. [PMID: 31501327 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1907071116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Meristems are highly regulated structures ultimately responsible for the formation of branches, lateral organs, and stems, and thus directly affect plant architecture and crop yield. In meristems, genetic networks, hormones, and signaling molecules are tightly integrated to establish robust systems that can adapt growth to continuous inputs from the environment. Here we characterized needle1 (ndl1), a temperature-sensitive maize mutant that displays severe reproductive defects and strong genetic interactions with known mutants affected in the regulation of the plant hormone auxin. NDL1 encodes a mitochondria-localized ATP-dependent metalloprotease belonging to the FILAMENTATION TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE H (FTSH) family. Together with the hyperaccumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), ndl1 inflorescences show up-regulation of a plethora of stress-response genes. We provide evidence that these conditions alter endogenous auxin levels and disrupt primordia initiation in meristems. These findings connect meristem redox status and auxin in the control of maize growth.
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Huang R, Yang C, Zhang S. The Arabidopsis PHB3 is a pleiotropic regulator for plant development. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2019; 14:1656036. [PMID: 31429630 PMCID: PMC6804698 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2019.1656036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Prohibitins (PHBs) are composed of an obviously conserved protein family in eukaryotic cells. Despite the extensive and in-depth research of mammalian PHB1 and PHB2, the plant prohibitins functions are not completely elucidated and little is known about their mechanism of action. This review focuses on the current knowledge about the protein subcellular localization, interaction proteins and target genes of PHB3. Furthermore, we discussed the roles of PHB3 protein in plant growth and development, plant responses to abiotic or biotic stresses and its participation in phytohormonal signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengwei Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengchun Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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95
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Kaufmann C, Sauter M. Sulfated plant peptide hormones. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:4267-4277. [PMID: 31231771 PMCID: PMC6698702 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Sulfated peptides are plant hormones that are active at nanomolar concentrations. The sulfation at one or more tyrosine residues is catalysed by tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase (TPST), which is encoded by a single-copy gene. The sulfate group is provided by the co-substrate 3´-phosphoadenosine 5´-phosphosulfate (PAPS), which links synthesis of sulfated signaling peptides to sulfur metabolism. The precursor proteins share a conserved DY-motif that is implicated in specifying tyrosine sulfation. Several sulfated peptides undergo additional modification such as hydroxylation of proline and glycosylation of hydroxyproline. The modifications render the secreted signaling molecules active and stable. Several sulfated signaling peptides have been shown to be perceived by leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases (LRR-RLKs) but have signaling pathways that, for the most part, are yet to be elucidated. Sulfated peptide hormones regulate growth and a wide variety of developmental processes, and intricately modulate immunity to pathogens. While basic research on sulfated peptides has made steady progress, their potential in agricultural and pharmaceutical applications has yet to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Kaufmann
- Plant Developmental Biology and Physiology, University of Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten, Kiel, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Margret Sauter
- Plant Developmental Biology and Physiology, University of Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten, Kiel, Germany
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96
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Zhang G, Zhao F, Chen L, Pan Y, Sun L, Bao N, Zhang T, Cui CX, Qiu Z, Zhang Y, Yang L, Xu L. Jasmonate-mediated wound signalling promotes plant regeneration. NATURE PLANTS 2019; 5:491-497. [PMID: 31011153 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-019-0408-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Wounding is the first event triggering regeneration1-4. However, the molecular basis of wound signalling pathways in plant regeneration is largely unclear. We previously established a method to study de novo root regeneration (DNRR) in Arabidopsis thaliana5,6, which provides a platform for analysing wounding. During DNRR, auxin is biosynthesized after leaf detachment and promotes cell fate transition to form the root primordium5-7. Here, we show that jasmonates (JAs) serve as a wound signal during DNRR. Within 2 h of leaf detachment, JA is produced in leaf explants and activates ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR109 (ERF109). ERF109 upregulates ANTHRANILATE SYNTHASE α1 (ASA1)-a tryptophan biosynthesis gene in the auxin production pathway8-10-dependent on the pre-deposition of SET DOMAIN GROUP8 (SDG8)-mediated histone H3 lysine 36 trimethylation (H3K36me3)11 on the ASA1 locus. After 2 h, ERF109 activity is inhibited by direct interaction with JASMONATE-ZIM-DOMAIN (JAZ) proteins to prevent hypersensitivity to wounding. Our results suggest that a dynamic JA wave cooperates with histone methylation to upregulate a pulse of auxin production and promote DNRR in response to wounding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guifang Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lyuqin Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yu Pan
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lijun Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ning Bao
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Teng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Xiao Cui
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zaozao Qiu
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yijing Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Lin Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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97
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Zhou W, Lozano-Torres JL, Blilou I, Zhang X, Zhai Q, Smant G, Li C, Scheres B. A Jasmonate Signaling Network Activates Root Stem Cells and Promotes Regeneration. Cell 2019; 177:942-956.e14. [PMID: 30955889 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Plants are sessile and have to cope with environmentally induced damage through modification of growth and defense pathways. How tissue regeneration is triggered in such responses and whether this involves stem cell activation is an open question. The stress hormone jasmonate (JA) plays well-established roles in wounding and defense responses. JA also affects growth, which is hitherto interpreted as a trade-off between growth and defense. Here, we describe a molecular network triggered by wound-induced JA that promotes stem cell activation and regeneration. JA regulates organizer cell activity in the root stem cell niche through the RBR-SCR network and stress response protein ERF115. Moreover, JA-induced ERF109 transcription stimulates CYCD6;1 expression, functions upstream of ERF115, and promotes regeneration. Soil penetration and response to nematode herbivory induce and require this JA-mediated regeneration response. Therefore, the JA tissue damage response pathway induces stem cell activation and regeneration and activates growth after environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkun Zhou
- Laboratory of Plant Developmental Biology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands; State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jose L Lozano-Torres
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ikram Blilou
- Laboratory of Plant Developmental Biology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands; KAUST, Thuwall 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiaoyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qingzhe Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Geert Smant
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Chuanyou Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Ben Scheres
- Laboratory of Plant Developmental Biology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands; Rijk Zwaan R&D, 4793 RS Fijnaart, the Netherlands.
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98
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Zwiewka M, Bielach A, Tamizhselvan P, Madhavan S, Ryad EE, Tan S, Hrtyan MN, Dobrev P, Vankovï R, Friml J, Tognetti VB. Root Adaptation to H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress by ARF-GEF BEN1- and Cytoskeleton-Mediated PIN2 Trafficking. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 60:255-273. [PMID: 30668780 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcz001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stress poses constant challenges for plant survival and is a serious problem for global agricultural productivity. On a molecular level, stress conditions result in elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production causing oxidative stress associated with oxidation of proteins and nucleic acids as well as impairment of membrane functions. Adaptation of root growth to ROS accumulation is facilitated through modification of auxin and cytokinin hormone homeostasis. Here, we report that in Arabidopsis root meristem, ROS-induced changes of auxin levels correspond to decreased abundance of PIN auxin efflux carriers at the plasma membrane (PM). Specifically, increase in H2O2 levels affects PIN2 endocytic recycling. We show that the PIN2 intracellular trafficking during adaptation to oxidative stress requires the function of the ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF)-guanine-nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) BEN1, an actin-associated regulator of the trafficking from the PM to early endosomes and, presumably, indirectly, trafficking to the vacuoles. We propose that H2O2 levels affect the actin dynamics thus modulating ARF-GEF-dependent trafficking of PIN2. This mechanism provides a way how root growth acclimates to stress and adapts to a changing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Zwiewka
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Agnieszka Bielach
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Prashanth Tamizhselvan
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sharmila Madhavan
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eman Elrefaay Ryad
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Shutang Tan
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Mï Nika Hrtyan
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petre Dobrev
- Institute of Experimental Botany Czech Acad. Sci, Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Rozvojov� 263, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Radomira Vankovï
- Institute of Experimental Botany Czech Acad. Sci, Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Rozvojov� 263, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jiřï Friml
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Vanesa B Tognetti
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, Czech Republic
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99
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Huang H, Ullah F, Zhou DX, Yi M, Zhao Y. Mechanisms of ROS Regulation of Plant Development and Stress Responses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:800. [PMID: 31293607 PMCID: PMC6603150 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 509] [Impact Index Per Article: 101.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Plants are subjected to various environmental stresses throughout their life cycle. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play important roles in maintaining normal plant growth, and improving their tolerance to stress. This review describes the production and removal of ROS in plants, summarizes recent progress in understanding the role of ROS during plant vegetative apical meristem development, organogenesis, and abiotic stress responses, and some novel findings in recent years are discussed. More importantly, interplay between ROS and epigenetic modifications in regulating gene expression is specifically discussed. To summarize, plants integrate ROS with genetic, epigenetic, hormones and external signals to promote development and environmental adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglin Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Farhan Ullah
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dao-Xiu Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Yi
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Yu Zhao,
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100
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Wany A, Foyer CH, Gupta KJ. Nitrate, NO and ROS Signaling in Stem Cell Homeostasis. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 23:1041-1044. [PMID: 30316685 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Shoot and root growth is facilitated by stem cells in the shoot and root apical meristems (SAM and RAM). Recent reports have demonstrated a close link between nitrogen nutrition, nitric oxide (NO), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the regulation of SAM and RAM functions in response to nitrogen availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aakanksha Wany
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, 110067, New Delhi, India
| | - Christine H Foyer
- Centre for Plant Sciences, School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
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