51
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Ali ES, Girard D, Petrovsky N. Impaired Ca 2+ signaling due to hepatic steatosis mediates hepatic insulin resistance in Alström syndrome mice that is reversed by GLP-1 analog treatment. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 321:C187-C198. [PMID: 34106786 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00020.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+ signaling plays a critical role in the regulation of hepatic metabolism by hormones including insulin. Changes in cytoplasmic Ca2+ regulate synthesis and posttranslational modification of key signaling proteins in the insulin pathways. Emerging evidence suggests that hepatocyte intracellular Ca2+ signaling is altered in lipid-loaded liver cells isolated from obese rodent models. The mechanisms of altered Ca2+-insulin and insulin-Ca2+ signaling pathways in obesity remain poorly understood. Here, we show that the kinetics of insulin-initiated intracellular (initial) Ca2+ release from endoplasmic reticulum is significantly impaired in steatotic hepatocytes from obese Alström syndrome mice. Furthermore, exenatide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog, reversed lipid-induced inhibition of intracellular Ca2+ release kinetics in steatotic hepatocytes, without affecting the total content of intracellular Ca2+ released. Exenatide reversed the lipid-induced inhibition of intracellular Ca2+ release, at least partially, via lipid reduction in hepatocytes, which then restored hormone-regulated cytoplasmic Ca2+ signaling and insulin sensitivity. This data provides additional evidence for the important role of Ca2+ signaling pathways in obesity-associated impaired hepatic lipid homeostasis and insulin signaling. It also highlights a potential advantage of GLP-1 analogs when used to treat type 2 diabetes associated with hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunus S Ali
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Nikolai Petrovsky
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Vaxine Pty Ltd, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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52
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Doğan C, Hänniger S, Heckel DG, Coutu C, Hegedus DD, Crubaugh L, Groves RL, Mutlu DA, Suludere Z, Bayram Ş, Toprak U. Characterization of calcium signaling proteins from the fat body of the Colorado Potato Beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae): Implications for diapause and lipid metabolism. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 133:103549. [PMID: 33610660 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2021.103549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) regulates many cellular and physiological processes from development to reproduction. Ca2+ is also an important factor in the metabolism of lipids, the primary energy source used during insect starvation and diapause. Ca2+ signaling proteins bind to Ca2+ and maintain intracellular Ca2+ levels. However, knowledge about Ca2+ signaling proteins is mostly restricted to the model Drosophila melanogaster and the response of Ca2+ signaling genes to starvation or diapause is not known. In this study, we identified three Ca2+ signaling proteins; the primary Ca2+ binding protein Calmodulin (LdCaM), phosphatase Calcineurin B (LdCaNB), and the senescence marker protein Regucalcin (LdRgN), from the fat body of the Colorado Potato Beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). This insect is a major pest of potato worldwide and overwinters under hibernation diapause as adults while utilizing lipids as the primary energy source. Putative EF-hand domains involved in Ca2+ binding were present in LdCaM, LdCaNB, but absent in LdRgN. LdCaM and LdCaNB were expressed in multiple tissues, while LdRgN was primarily expressed in the fat body. LdCaM was constitutively-expressed throughout larval development and at the adult stage. LdCaNB was primarily expressed in feeding larvae, and LdRgN in both feeding larvae and adults at comparable levels; however, both genes were down-regulated by molting. A response to starvation was observed only for LdRgN. Transcript abundance analysis in the entire body in relation to diapause revealed differential regulation with a general suppression during diapause, and higher mRNA levels in favor of females at post-diapause for LdCaM, and in favor of males at non-diapause for LdCaNB. Fat body-specific transcript abundance was not different between non-diapause and post-diapause for LdCaNB, but both LdCaM and LdRgN were down-regulated in males and both sexes, respectively by post-diapause. Silencing LdCaNB or LdRgN in larvae led to decreased fat content, indicating their involvement in lipid accumulation, while RNAi of LdCaM led to lethality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cansu Doğan
- Ankara University, Molecular Entomology Lab., Dept. of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara, Turkey; Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Dept. of Entomology, Jena, Germany; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon Research Centre, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; Dept. of Entomology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sabine Hänniger
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Dept. of Entomology, Jena, Germany
| | - David G Heckel
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Dept. of Entomology, Jena, Germany
| | - Cathy Coutu
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon Research Centre, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Dwayne D Hegedus
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon Research Centre, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Linda Crubaugh
- Dept. of Entomology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Russell L Groves
- Dept. of Entomology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Zekiye Suludere
- Gazi University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Şerife Bayram
- Ankara University, Molecular Entomology Lab., Dept. of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Umut Toprak
- Ankara University, Molecular Entomology Lab., Dept. of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara, Turkey.
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53
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Crul T, Maléth J. Endoplasmic Reticulum-Plasma Membrane Contact Sites as an Organizing Principle for Compartmentalized Calcium and cAMP Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4703. [PMID: 33946838 PMCID: PMC8124356 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells, ultimate specificity in activation and action-for example, by means of second messengers-of the myriad of signaling cascades is primordial. In fact, versatile and ubiquitous second messengers, such as calcium (Ca2+) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), regulate multiple-sometimes opposite-cellular functions in a specific spatiotemporal manner. Cells achieve this through segregation of the initiators and modulators to specific plasma membrane (PM) subdomains, such as lipid rafts and caveolae, as well as by dynamic close contacts between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane and other intracellular organelles, including the PM. Especially, these membrane contact sites (MCSs) are currently receiving a lot of attention as their large influence on cell signaling regulation and cell physiology is increasingly appreciated. Depletion of ER Ca2+ stores activates ER membrane STIM proteins, which activate PM-residing Orai and TRPC Ca2+ channels at ER-PM contact sites. Within the MCS, Ca2+ fluxes relay to cAMP signaling through highly interconnected networks. However, the precise mechanisms of MCS formation and the influence of their dynamic lipid environment on their functional maintenance are not completely understood. The current review aims to provide an overview of our current understanding and to identify open questions of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Crul
- First Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, H6720 Szeged, Hungary
- HAS-USZ Momentum Epithelial Cell Signaling and Secretion Research Group, University of Szeged, H6720 Szeged, Hungary
- HCEMM-SZTE Molecular Gastroenterology Research Group, University of Szeged, H6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - József Maléth
- First Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, H6720 Szeged, Hungary
- HAS-USZ Momentum Epithelial Cell Signaling and Secretion Research Group, University of Szeged, H6720 Szeged, Hungary
- HCEMM-SZTE Molecular Gastroenterology Research Group, University of Szeged, H6720 Szeged, Hungary
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54
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An J, Cheng L, Yang L, Song N, Zhang J, Ma K, Ma J. P- Hydroxybenzyl Alcohol Alleviates Oxidative Stress in a Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Larval Zebrafish Model and a BRL-3A Hepatocyte Via the Nrf2 Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:646239. [PMID: 33912056 PMCID: PMC8071996 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.646239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, and it has gradually become the main disease burden in the world. However, the pathogenesis of NAFLD is complex, involving such things as dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, inflammation, etc. This brings to the table a significant challenge for drug development, and there is still no drug approved by the FDA on the market to treat the disease. GAS and HBA are active ingredients of the orchidaceae plant gastrodia elata and have exhibit effects in ameliorating nervous system diseases caused by oxidative stress. HBA is a metabolite of GAS that could perform lipid regulation and improve oxidative stress on HCD-induced NAFLD larval zebrafish, as reported by previous studies; we therefore explored the role of HBA in lipid regulation and oxidative stress on HCD-induced NAFLD larval zebrafish in vivo and FFA-induced BRL-3A hepatocyte in vitro. The gene expression of lipogenesis, inflammation, and oxidative stress were measured to investigate the underlying mechanism of HBA, and the potential protein target of HBA was explored by immunofluorescence. Altogether, our data highlight the role of HBA in improving NAFLD by use of its lipid-lowering and anti-oxidative properties via the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, providing a potential therapeutic compound for NAFLD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing An
- Central Laboratory, Yunnan Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica, Kunming, China.,School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Liping Yang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Dai and Yi Medicines, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Nali Song
- Central Laboratory, Yunnan Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Nature Resource Under Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Ju Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Yunnan Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica, Kunming, China
| | - Kejian Ma
- Central Laboratory, Yunnan Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica, Kunming, China
| | - Ji Ma
- Central Laboratory, Yunnan Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica, Kunming, China.,School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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55
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Shawer H, Norman K, Cheng CW, Foster R, Beech DJ, Bailey MA. ORAI1 Ca 2+ Channel as a Therapeutic Target in Pathological Vascular Remodelling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:653812. [PMID: 33937254 PMCID: PMC8083964 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.653812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the adult, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) are normally physiologically quiescent, arranged circumferentially in one or more layers within blood vessel walls. Remodelling of native VSMC to a proliferative state for vascular development, adaptation or repair is driven by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). A key effector downstream of PDGF receptors is store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) mediated through the plasma membrane calcium ion channel, ORAI1, which is activated by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium store sensor, stromal interaction molecule-1 (STIM1). This SOCE was shown to play fundamental roles in the pathological remodelling of VSMC. Exciting transgenic lineage-tracing studies have revealed that the contribution of the phenotypically-modulated VSMC in atherosclerotic plaque formation is more significant than previously appreciated, and growing evidence supports the relevance of ORAI1 signalling in this pathologic remodelling. ORAI1 has also emerged as an attractive potential therapeutic target as it is accessible to extracellular compound inhibition. This is further supported by the progression of several ORAI1 inhibitors into clinical trials. Here we discuss the current knowledge of ORAI1-mediated signalling in pathologic vascular remodelling, particularly in the settings of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and neointimal hyperplasia, and the recent developments in our understanding of the mechanisms by which ORAI1 coordinates VSMC phenotypic remodelling, through the activation of key transcription factor, nuclear factor of activated T-cell (NFAT). In addition, we discuss advances in therapeutic strategies aimed at the ORAI1 target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Shawer
- School of Medicine, The Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Katherine Norman
- School of Medicine, The Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Chew W Cheng
- School of Medicine, The Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Foster
- School of Medicine, The Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - David J Beech
- School of Medicine, The Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Marc A Bailey
- School of Medicine, The Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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56
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Ulbricht C, Leben R, Rakhymzhan A, Kirchhoff F, Nitschke L, Radbruch H, Niesner RA, Hauser AE. Intravital quantification reveals dynamic calcium concentration changes across B cell differentiation stages. eLife 2021; 10:56020. [PMID: 33749591 PMCID: PMC8060033 DOI: 10.7554/elife.56020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium is a universal second messenger present in all eukaryotic cells. The mobilization and storage of Ca2+ ions drives a number of signaling-related processes, stress-responses, or metabolic changes, all of which are relevant for the development of immune cells and their adaption to pathogens. Here, we introduce the Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-reporter mouse YellowCaB expressing the genetically encoded calcium indicator TN-XXL in B lymphocytes. Calcium-induced conformation change of TN-XXL results in FRET-donor quenching measurable by two-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging. For the first time, using our novel numerical analysis, we extract absolute cytoplasmic calcium concentrations in activated B cells during affinity maturation in vivo. We show that calcium in activated B cells is highly dynamic and that activation introduces a persistent calcium heterogeneity to the lineage. A characterization of absolute calcium concentrations present at any time within the cytosol is therefore of great value for the understanding of long-lived beneficial immune responses and detrimental autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Ulbricht
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, Germany.,Immune Dynamics, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin, ein Institut der Leibniz-Gemeinschaft, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ruth Leben
- Biophysical Analytics, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, ein Institut der Leibniz-Gemeinschaft, Berlin, Germany
| | - Asylkhan Rakhymzhan
- Biophysical Analytics, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, ein Institut der Leibniz-Gemeinschaft, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Lars Nitschke
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Helena Radbruch
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Neuropathology, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, Germany
| | - Raluca A Niesner
- Biophysical Analytics, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, ein Institut der Leibniz-Gemeinschaft, Berlin, Germany.,Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja E Hauser
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, Germany.,Immune Dynamics, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin, ein Institut der Leibniz-Gemeinschaft, Berlin, Germany
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57
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Li M, Wang Z, Wang P, Li H, Yang L. TFEB: A Emerging Regulator in Lipid Homeostasis for Atherosclerosis. Front Physiol 2021; 12:639920. [PMID: 33679452 PMCID: PMC7925399 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.639920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, predominantly characterized by the disturbance of lipid homeostasis, has become the main causation of various cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, there is an urgent requirement to explore efficacious targets that act as lipid modulators for atherosclerosis. Transcription factor EB (TFEB), whose activity depends on post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, acetylation, SUMOylation, ubiquitination, etc., is significant for normal cell physiology. Recently, increasing evidence implicates a role of TFEB in lipid homeostasis, via its functionality of promoting lipid degradation and efflux through mediating lipophagy, lipolysis, and lipid metabolism-related genes. Furthermore, a regulatory effect on lipid transporters and lipid mediators by TFEB is emerging. Notably, TFEB makes a possible therapeutic target of atherosclerosis by regulating lipid metabolism. This review recapitulates the update and current advances on TFEB mediating lipid metabolism to focus on two intracellular activities: a) how cells perceive external stimuli and initiate transcription programs to modulate TFEB function, and b) how TFEB restores lipid homeostasis in the atherosclerotic process. In-depth research is warranted to develop potent agents against TFEB to alleviate or reverse the progression of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manman Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zitong Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Pengyu Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Liming Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
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58
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Xu F, Zhu J, Chen Y, He K, Guo J, Bai S, Zhao R, Du J, Shen B. Physical interaction of tropomyosin 3 and STIM1 regulates vascular smooth muscle contractility and contributes to hypertension. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 134:111126. [PMID: 33341060 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
SCOPE Tropomyosin (TPM), an actin-binding protein widely expressed across different cell types, is primarily involved in cellular contractile processes. We investigated whether TPM3 physically and functionally interacts with stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) to contribute to vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) contraction, store-operated calcium entry (SOCE), and high-salt intake-induced hypertension in rats. METHODS AND RESULTS Analysis of a rat RNA-seq data set of 80 samples showed that the STIM1 and Tpm3 transcriptome expression pattern is highly correlated, and co-immunoprecipitation results indicated that TPM3 and STIM1 proteins physically interacted in rat VSMCs. Immunohistochemical data displayed obvious co-localization of TPM3 and STIM1 in rat VSMCs. Knockdown of TPM3 or STIM1 in VSMCs with specific small interfering RNA significantly suppressed contractions in tension measurement assays and decreased SOCE in calcium assays. Rats fed a high-salt diet for 4 weeks had significantly higher systolic blood pressure than controls, with significantly increased contractility and markedly increased TPM3 and STIM1 expression levels in the mesenteric resistance artery (shown by tension measurements and immunoblotting, respectively). Additionally, high salt environment in vitro induced significant enhancement of TPM3 and STIM1 expression levels in VSMCs. CONCLUSIONS We showed for the first time that TPM3 and STIM1 physically and functionally interact to contribute to VSMC contraction, SOCE, and high-salt intake-induced hypertension. Our findings provide mechanistic insights and offer a potential therapeutic target for high-salt intake-induced hypertension.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Blood Pressure
- Cells, Cultured
- Databases, Genetic
- Disease Models, Animal
- Hypertension/chemically induced
- Hypertension/genetics
- Hypertension/metabolism
- Hypertension/physiopathology
- Male
- Mesenteric Arteries/metabolism
- Mesenteric Arteries/physiopathology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiopathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Protein Binding
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Signal Transduction
- Sodium Chloride, Dietary
- Stromal Interaction Molecule 1/genetics
- Stromal Interaction Molecule 1/metabolism
- Transcriptome
- Tropomyosin/genetics
- Tropomyosin/metabolism
- Vasoconstriction
- Rats
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jinhang Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Ye Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Ke He
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Jizheng Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Suwen Bai
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Ren Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Juan Du
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Bing Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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59
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Kouroumalis E, Voumvouraki A, Augoustaki A, Samonakis DN. Autophagy in liver diseases. World J Hepatol 2021; 13:6-65. [PMID: 33584986 PMCID: PMC7856864 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v13.i1.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is the liver cell energy recycling system regulating a variety of homeostatic mechanisms. Damaged organelles, lipids and proteins are degraded in the lysosomes and their elements are re-used by the cell. Investigations on autophagy have led to the award of two Nobel Prizes and a health of important reports. In this review we describe the fundamental functions of autophagy in the liver including new data on the regulation of autophagy. Moreover we emphasize the fact that autophagy acts like a two edge sword in many occasions with the most prominent paradigm being its involvement in the initiation and progress of hepatocellular carcinoma. We also focused to the implication of autophagy and its specialized forms of lipophagy and mitophagy in the pathogenesis of various liver diseases. We analyzed autophagy not only in well studied diseases, like alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver and liver fibrosis but also in viral hepatitis, biliary diseases, autoimmune hepatitis and rare diseases including inherited metabolic diseases and also acetaminophene hepatotoxicity. We also stressed the different consequences that activation or impairment of autophagy may have in hepatocytes as opposed to Kupffer cells, sinusoidal endothelial cells or hepatic stellate cells. Finally, we analyzed the limited clinical data compared to the extensive experimental evidence and the possible future therapeutic interventions based on autophagy manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Kouroumalis
- Liver Research Laboratory, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion 71110, Greece
| | - Argryro Voumvouraki
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki 54636, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Augoustaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Crete, Heraklion 71110, Greece
| | - Dimitrios N Samonakis
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Crete, Heraklion 71110, Greece.
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60
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Kutschat AP, Hamdan FH, Wang X, Wixom AQ, Najafova Z, Gibhardt CS, Kopp W, Gaedcke J, Ströbel P, Ellenrieder V, Bogeski I, Hessmann E, Johnsen SA. STIM1 Mediates Calcium-Dependent Epigenetic Reprogramming in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancer Res 2021; 81:2943-2955. [PMID: 33436389 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-2874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) displays a dismal prognosis due to late diagnosis and high chemoresistance incidence. For advanced disease stages or patients with comorbidities, treatment options are limited to gemcitabine alone or in combination with other drugs. While gemcitabine resistance has been widely attributed to the levels of one of its targets, RRM1, the molecular consequences of gemcitabine resistance in PDAC remain largely elusive. Here we sought to identify genomic, epigenomic, and transcriptomic events associated with gemcitabine resistance in PDAC and their potential clinical relevance. We found that gemcitabine-resistant cells displayed a coamplification of the adjacent RRM1 and STIM1 genes. Interestingly, RRM1, but not STIM1, was required for gemcitabine resistance, while high STIM1 levels caused an increase in cytosolic calcium concentration. Higher STIM1-dependent calcium influx led to an impaired endoplasmic reticulum stress response and a heightened nuclear factor of activated T-cell activity. Importantly, these findings were confirmed in patient and patient-derived xenograft samples. Taken together, our study uncovers previously unknown biologically relevant molecular properties of gemcitabine-resistant tumors, revealing an undescribed function of STIM1 as a rheostat directing the effects of calcium signaling and controlling epigenetic cell fate determination. It further reveals the potential benefit of targeting STIM1-controlled calcium signaling and its downstream effectors in PDAC. SIGNIFICANCE: Gemcitabine-resistant and some naïve tumors coamplify RRM1 and STIM1, which elicit gemcitabine resistance and induce a calcium signaling shift, promoting ER stress resistance and activation of NFAT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P Kutschat
- Clinic for General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Feda H Hamdan
- Gene Regulatory Mechanisms and Molecular Epigenetics Lab, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Xin Wang
- Clinic for General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alexander Q Wixom
- Gene Regulatory Mechanisms and Molecular Epigenetics Lab, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Zeynab Najafova
- Clinic for General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christine S Gibhardt
- Molecular Physiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Waltraut Kopp
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jochen Gaedcke
- Clinic for General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Philipp Ströbel
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Volker Ellenrieder
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ivan Bogeski
- Molecular Physiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Hessmann
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Steven A Johnsen
- Gene Regulatory Mechanisms and Molecular Epigenetics Lab, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
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Astanina E, Bussolino F, Doronzo G. Multifaceted activities of transcription factor EB in cancer onset and progression. Mol Oncol 2020; 15:327-346. [PMID: 33252196 PMCID: PMC7858119 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor EB (TFEB) represents an emerging player in cancer biology. Together with microphthalmia‐associated transcription factor, transcription factor E3 and transcription factor EC, TFEB belongs to the microphthalmia family of bHLH‐leucine zipper transcription factors that may be implicated in human melanomas, renal and pancreatic cancers. TFEB was originally described as being translocated in a juvenile subset of pediatric renal cell carcinoma; however, whole‐genome sequencing reported that somatic mutations were sporadically found in many different cancers. Besides its oncogenic activity, TFEB controls the autophagy‐lysosomal pathway by recognizing a recurrent motif present in the promoter regions of a set of genes that participate in lysosome biogenesis; furthermore, its dysregulation was found to have a crucial pathogenic role in different tumors by modulating the autophagy process. Other than regulating cancer cell‐autonomous responses, recent findings indicate that TFEB participates in the regulation of cellular functions of the tumor microenvironment. Here, we review the emerging role of TFEB in regulating cancer cell behavior and choreographing tumor–microenvironment interaction. Recognizing TFEB as a hub of network of signals exchanged within the tumor between cancer and stroma cells provides a fresh perspective on the molecular principles of tumor self‐organization, promising to reveal numerous new and potentially druggable vulnerabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Astanina
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute-IRCCS-FPO, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Federico Bussolino
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute-IRCCS-FPO, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Gabriella Doronzo
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute-IRCCS-FPO, Candiolo, Italy
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Luo R, Gomez AM, Benitah JP, Sabourin J. Targeting Orai1-Mediated Store-Operated Ca 2+ Entry in Heart Failure. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:586109. [PMID: 33117812 PMCID: PMC7578222 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.586109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The archetypal store-operated Ca2+ channels (SOCs), Orai1, which are stimulated by the endo/sarcoplasmic reticulum (ER/SR) Ca2+ sensor stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) upon Ca2+ store depletion is traditionally viewed as instrumental for the function of non-excitable cells. In the recent years, expression and function of Orai1 have gained recognition in excitable cardiomyocytes, albeit controversial. Even if its cardiac physiological role in adult is still elusive and needs to be clarified, Orai1 contribution in cardiac diseases such as cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure (HF) is increasingly recognized. The present review surveys our current arising knowledge on the new role of Orai1 channels in the heart and debates on its participation to cardiac hypertrophy and HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Luo
- Inserm, UMR-S 1180, Signalisation et Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Ana-Maria Gomez
- Inserm, UMR-S 1180, Signalisation et Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Benitah
- Inserm, UMR-S 1180, Signalisation et Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Jessica Sabourin
- Inserm, UMR-S 1180, Signalisation et Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
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63
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Poth V, Knapp ML, Niemeyer BA. STIM proteins at the intersection of signaling pathways. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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64
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Abstract
T cells are an essential component of the immune system that provide antigen-specific acute and long lasting immune responses to infections and tumors, ascertain the maintenance of immunological tolerance and, on the flipside, mediate autoimmunity in a variety of diseases. The activation of T cells through antigen recognition by the T cell receptor (TCR) results in transient and sustained Ca2+ signals that are shaped by the opening of Ca2+ channels in the plasma membrane and cellular organelles. The dynamic regulation of intracellular Ca2+ concentrations controls a variety of T cell functions on the timescale of seconds to days after signal initiation. Among the more recently identified roles of Ca2+ signaling in T cells is the regulation of metabolic pathways that control the function of many T cell subsets. In this review, we discuss how Ca2+ regulates several metabolic programs in T cells such as the activation of AMPK and the PI3K-AKT-mTORC1 pathway, aerobic glycolysis, mitochondrial metabolism including tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle function and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), as well as lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinhu Wang
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anthony Tao
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martin Vaeth
- Institute of Systems Immunology, Julius Maximilians University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Feske
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Teixeira V, Maciel P, Costa V. Leading the way in the nervous system: Lipid Droplets as new players in health and disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1866:158820. [PMID: 33010453 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) are ubiquitous fat storage organelles composed of a neutral lipid core, comprising triacylglycerols (TAG) and sterol esters (SEs), surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer membrane with several decorating proteins. Recently, LD biology has come to the foreground of research due to their importance for energy homeostasis and cellular stress response. As aberrant LD accumulation and lipid depletion are hallmarks of numerous diseases, addressing LD biogenesis and turnover provides a new framework for understanding disease-related mechanisms. Here we discuss the potential role of LDs in neurodegeneration, while making some predictions on how LD imbalance can contribute to pathophysiology in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor Teixeira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade of Porto, Porto, Portugal; IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Patrícia Maciel
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Vítor Costa
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade of Porto, Porto, Portugal; IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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66
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Ali ES, Rychkov GY, Barritt GJ. Targeting Ca 2+ Signaling in the Initiation, Promotion and Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12102755. [PMID: 32987945 PMCID: PMC7600741 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma) is a significant health burden worldwide. It is often not detected until at an advanced stage when there are few treatment options available. Changes in calcium concentrations within liver cancer cells are essential for regulating their growth, death, and migration (metastasis). Our aim was to review published papers which have identified proteins involved in calcium signaling as potential drug targets for the treatment of liver cancer. About twenty calcium signaling proteins were identified, including those involved in regulating calcium concentrations in the cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. A few of these have turned out to be sites of action of natural products previously known to inhibit liver cancer. More systematic studies are now needed to determine which calcium signaling proteins might be used clinically for treatment of liver cancer, especially advanced stage cancers and those resistant to inhibition by current drugs. Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a considerable health burden worldwide and a major contributor to cancer-related deaths. HCC is often not noticed until at an advanced stage where treatment options are limited and current systemic drugs can usually only prolong survival for a short time. Understanding the biology and pathology of HCC is a challenge, due to the cellular and anatomic complexities of the liver. While not yet fully understood, liver cancer stem cells play a central role in the initiation and progression of HCC and in resistance to drugs. There are approximately twenty Ca2+-signaling proteins identified as potential targets for therapeutic treatment at different stages of HCC. These potential targets include inhibition of the self-renewal properties of liver cancer stem cells; HCC initiation and promotion by hepatitis B and C and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (principally involving reduction of reactive oxygen species); and cell proliferation, tumor growth, migration and metastasis. A few of these Ca2+-signaling pathways have been identified as targets for natural products previously known to reduce HCC. Promising Ca2+-signaling targets include voltage-operated Ca2+ channel proteins (liver cancer stem cells), inositol trisphosphate receptors, store-operated Ca2+ entry, TRP channels, sarco/endoplasmic reticulum (Ca2++Mg2+) ATP-ase and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases. However, none of these Ca2+-signaling targets has been seriously studied any further than laboratory research experiments. The future application of more systematic studies, including genomics, gene expression (RNA-seq), and improved knowledge of the fundamental biology and pathology of HCC will likely reveal new Ca2+-signaling protein targets and consolidate priorities for those already identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunus S. Ali
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide 5001, South Australia, Australia;
| | - Grigori Y. Rychkov
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, South Australia, Australia;
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide 5005, South Australia, Australia
| | - Greg J. Barritt
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide 5001, South Australia, Australia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-438-204-426
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67
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Vaeth M, Kahlfuss S, Feske S. CRAC Channels and Calcium Signaling in T Cell-Mediated Immunity. Trends Immunol 2020; 41:878-901. [PMID: 32711944 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2020.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) signals play fundamental roles in immune cell function. The main sources of Ca2+ influx in mammalian lymphocytes following antigen receptor stimulation are Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels. These are formed by ORAI proteins in the plasma membrane and are activated by stromal interaction molecules (STIM) located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Human loss-of-function (LOF) mutations in ORAI1 and STIM1 that abolish Ca2+ influx cause a unique disease syndrome called CRAC channelopathy that is characterized by immunodeficiency autoimmunity and non-immunological symptoms. Studies in mice lacking Stim and Orai genes have illuminated many cellular and molecular mechanisms by which these molecules control lymphocyte function. CRAC channels are required for the differentiation and function of several T lymphocyte subsets that provide immunity to infection, mediate inflammation and prevent autoimmunity. This review examines new insights into how CRAC channels control T cell-mediated immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Vaeth
- Institute of Systems Immunology, Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sascha Kahlfuss
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany; Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stefan Feske
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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68
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Toprak U, Hegedus D, Doğan C, Güney G. A journey into the world of insect lipid metabolism. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 104:e21682. [PMID: 32335968 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lipid metabolism is fundamental to life. In insects, it is critical, during reproduction, flight, starvation, and diapause. The coordination center for insect lipid metabolism is the fat body, which is analogous to the vertebrate adipose tissue and liver. Fat body contains various different cell types; however, adipocytes and oenocytes are the primary cells related to lipid metabolism. Lipid metabolism starts with the hydrolysis of dietary lipids, absorption of lipid monomers, followed by lipid transport from midgut to the fat body, lipogenesis or lipolysis in the fat body, and lipid transport from fat body to other sites demanding energy. Lipid metabolism is under the control of hormones, transcription factors, secondary messengers and posttranscriptional modifications. Primarily, lipogenesis is under the control of insulin-like peptides that activate lipogenic transcription factors, such as sterol regulatory element-binding proteins, whereas lipolysis is coordinated by the adipokinetic hormone that activates lipolytic transcription factors, such as forkhead box class O and cAMP-response element-binding protein. Calcium is the primary-secondary messenger affecting lipid metabolism and has different outcomes depending on the site of lipogenesis or lipolysis. Phosphorylation is central to lipid metabolism and multiple phosphorylases are involved in lipid accumulation or hydrolysis. Although most of the knowledge of insect lipid metabolism comes from the studies on the model Drosophila; other insects, in particular those with obligatory or facultative diapause, also have great potential to study lipid metabolism. The use of these models would significantly improve our knowledge of insect lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umut Toprak
- Molecular Entomology Laboratory, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dwayne Hegedus
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon Research Centre, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Cansu Doğan
- Molecular Entomology Laboratory, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gözde Güney
- Molecular Entomology Laboratory, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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69
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Zhao H, Yan G, Zheng L, Zhou Y, Sheng H, Wu L, Zhang Q, Lei J, Zhang J, Xin R, Jiang L, Zhang X, Chen Y, Wang J, Xu Y, Li D, Li Y. STIM1 is a metabolic checkpoint regulating the invasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Theranostics 2020; 10:6483-6499. [PMID: 32483465 PMCID: PMC7255033 DOI: 10.7150/thno.44025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cancer cells undergoing invasion and metastasis possess a phenotype with attenuated glycolysis, but enhanced fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Calcium (Ca2+)-mediated signaling pathways are implicated in tumor metastasis and metabolism regulation. Stromal-interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) triggered store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is the major route of Ca2+ influx for non-excitable cells including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. However, whether and how STIM1 regulates the invasion and metastasis of HCC via metabolic reprogramming is unclear. Methods: The expressions of STIM1 and Snail1 in the HCC tissues and cells were measured by immunohistochemistry, Western-blotting and quantitative PCR. STIM1 knockout-HCC cells were generated by CRISPR-Cas9, and gene-overexpression was mediated via lentivirus transfection. Besides, the invasive and metastatic activities of HCC cells were assessed by transwell assay, anoikis rate in vitro and lung metastasis in vivo. Seahorse energy analysis and micro-array were used to evaluate the glucose and lipid metabolism. Results: STIM1 was down-regulated in metastatic HCC cells rather than in proliferating HCC cells, and low STIM1 levels were associated with poor outcome of HCC patients. During tumor growth, STIM1 stabilized Snail1 protein by activating the CaMKII/AKT/GSK-3β pathway. Subsequently, the upregulated Snail1 suppressed STIM1/SOCE during metastasis. STIM1 restoration significantly diminished anoikis-resistance and metastasis induced by Snail1. Mechanistically, the downregulated STIM1 shifted the anabolic/catabolic balance, i.e., from aerobic glycolysis towards AMPK-activated fatty acid oxidation (FAO), which contributed to Snail1-driven metastasis and anoikis-resistance. Conclusions: Our data provide the molecular basis that STIM1 orchestrates invasion and metastasis via reprogramming HCC metabolism.
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Transcriptome profiling reveals multiple pathways responsible for the beneficial metabolic effects of Smilax glabra flavonoids in mouse 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 125:110011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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71
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Sinha RA, Rajak S, Singh BK, Yen PM. Hepatic Lipid Catabolism via PPARα-Lysosomal Crosstalk. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072391. [PMID: 32244266 PMCID: PMC7170715 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated transcription factors which belong to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. They regulate key aspects of energy metabolism within cells. Recently, PPARα has been implicated in the regulation of autophagy-lysosomal function, which plays a key role in cellular energy metabolism. PPARα transcriptionally upregulates several genes involved in the autophagy-lysosomal degradative pathway that participates in lipolysis of triglycerides within the hepatocytes. Interestingly, a reciprocal regulation of PPARα nuclear action by autophagy-lysosomal activity also exists with implications in lipid metabolism. This review succinctly discusses the unique relationship between PPARα nuclear action and lysosomal activity and explores its impact on hepatic lipid homeostasis under pathological conditions such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit A. Sinha
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, India;
- Correspondence: or
| | - Sangam Rajak
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, India;
| | - Brijesh K. Singh
- Program of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169587, Singapore (P.M.Y.)
| | - Paul M. Yen
- Program of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169587, Singapore (P.M.Y.)
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Yu S, Wang Z, Ding L, Yang L. The regulation of TFEB in lipid homeostasis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Molecular mechanism and promising therapeutic targets. Life Sci 2020; 246:117418. [PMID: 32057899 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is characterized by disruption of lipid homeostasis, has been the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. However, currently there is no effective therapy for NAFLD. Consequently, it is extremely urgent to explore the specific and effective target functioned as lipids regulator during the pathological process of NAFLD for the drug development. Transcription factor EB (TFEB) plays a crucial role in the regulation of lipid homeostasis through linking autophagy to energy metabolism at the transcriptional level. In this review, we summarize the currently available information regarding the mediation of TFEB in lipid metabolism during the pathological process of NAFLD, and the specific regulatory mechanism of TFEB activity. We further recapitulate TFEB as a promising therapeutic target for NAFLD, primarily through the regulation of lipid homeostasis, energy metabolism as well as immune defense. A better understanding of these key issues will be helpful to promote the development of therapeutic agents which specifically target TFEB to halt or reverse the pathological progression of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglan Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Complex Prescription and MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 201203, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhengtao Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Complex Prescription and MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lili Ding
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Complex Prescription and MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Li Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Complex Prescription and MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 201203, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Zhang Z, Xu Q, Song C, Mi B, Zhang H, Kang H, Liu H, Sun Y, Wang J, Lei Z, Guan H, Li F. Serum- and Glucocorticoid-inducible Kinase 1 is Essential for Osteoclastogenesis and Promotes Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis. Mol Cancer Ther 2020; 19:650-660. [PMID: 31694887 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-18-0783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bone metastasis is a severe complication associated with various carcinomas. It causes debilitating pain and pathologic fractures and dramatically impairs patients' quality of life. Drugs aimed at osteoclast formation significantly reduce the incidence of skeletal complications and are currently the standard treatment for patients with bone metastases. Here, we reported that serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (SGK1) plays a pivotal role in the formation and function of osteoclasts by regulating the Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ channel Orai1. We showed that SGK1 inhibition represses osteoclastogenesis in vitro and prevents bone loss in vivo Furthermore, we validated the effect of SGK1 on bone metastasis by using an intracardiac injection model in mice. Inhibition of SGK1 resulted in a significant reduction in bone metastasis. Subsequently, the Oncomine and the OncoLnc database were employed to verify the differential expression and the association with clinical outcome of SGK1 gene in patients with breast cancer. Our data mechanistically demonstrated the regulation of the SGK1 in the process of osteoclastogenesis and revealed SGK1 as a valuable target for curing bone metastasis diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chao Song
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Baoguo Mi
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Honghua Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Honglei Kang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huiyong Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yunlong Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhuowei Lei
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hanfeng Guan
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Hazari Y, Bravo-San Pedro JM, Hetz C, Galluzzi L, Kroemer G. Autophagy in hepatic adaptation to stress. J Hepatol 2020; 72:183-196. [PMID: 31849347 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2019.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily ancient process whereby eukaryotic cells eliminate disposable or potentially dangerous cytoplasmic material, to support bioenergetic metabolism and adapt to stress. Accumulating evidence indicates that autophagy operates as a critical quality control mechanism for the maintenance of hepatic homeostasis in both parenchymal (hepatocytes) and non-parenchymal (stellate cells, sinusoidal endothelial cells, Kupffer cells) compartments. In line with this notion, insufficient autophagy has been aetiologically involved in the pathogenesis of multiple liver disorders, including alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency, Wilson disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Here, we critically discuss the importance of functional autophagy for hepatic physiology, as well as the mechanisms whereby defects in autophagy cause liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younis Hazari
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; FONDAP Center for Geroscience (GERO), Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - José Manuel Bravo-San Pedro
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Claudio Hetz
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; FONDAP Center for Geroscience (GERO), Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Buck Institute for Research in Aging, Novato, CA, USA.
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France; Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France; Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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75
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Abstract
Metals are essential components in all forms of life required for the function of nearly half of all enzymes and are critically involved in virtually all fundamental biological processes. Especially, the transition metals iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu) and cobalt (Co) are crucial micronutrients known to play vital roles in metabolism as well due to their unique redox properties. Metals carry out three major functions within metalloproteins: to provide structural support, to serve as enzymatic cofactors, and to mediate electron transportation. Metal ions are also involved in the immune system from metal allergies to nutritional immunity. Within the past decade, much attention has been drawn to the roles of metal ions in the immune system, since increasing evidence has mounted to suggest that metals are critically implicated in regulating both the innate immune sensing of and the host defense against invading pathogens. The importance of ions in immunity is also evidenced by the identification of various immunodeficiencies in patients with mutations in ion channels and transporters. In addition, cancer immunotherapy has recently been conclusively demonstrated to be effective and important for future tumor treatment, although only a small percentage of cancer patients respond to immunotherapy because of inadequate immune activation. Importantly, metal ion-activated immunotherapy is becoming an effective and potential way in tumor therapy for better clinical application. Nevertheless, we are still in a primary stage of discovering the diverse immunological functions of ions and mechanistically understanding the roles of these ions in immune regulation. This review summarizes recent advances in the understanding of metal-controlled immunity. Particular emphasis is put on the mechanisms of innate immune stimulation and T cell activation by the essential metal ions like calcium (Ca2+), zinc (Zn2+), manganese (Mn2+), iron (Fe2+/Fe3+), and potassium (K+), followed by a few unessential metals, in order to draw a general diagram of metalloimmunology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenguang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoming Wei
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengze Lv
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengfan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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76
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Changes in Calcium Homeostasis and Gene Expression Implicated in Epilepsy in Hippocampi of Mice Overexpressing ORAI1. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225539. [PMID: 31698854 PMCID: PMC6888010 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we showed that the overexpression of ORAI1 calcium channel in neurons of murine brain led to spontaneous occurrence of seizure-like events in aged animals of transgenic line FVB/NJ-Tg(ORAI1)Ibd (Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology). We aimed to identify the mechanism that is responsible for this phenomenon. Using a modified Ca2+-addback assay in the CA1 region of acute hippocampal slices and FURA-2 acetomethyl ester (AM) Ca2+ indicator, we found that overexpression of ORAI1 in neurons led to altered Ca2+ response. Next, by RNA sequencing (RNAseq) we identified a set of genes, whose expression was changed in our transgenic animals. These data were validated using customized real-time PCR assays and digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) ddPCR. Using real-time PCR, up-regulation of hairy and enhancer of split-5 (Hes-5) gene and down-regulation of aristaless related homeobox (Arx), doublecortin-like kinase 1 (Dclk1), and cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5 (Cdkl5, also known as serine/threonine kinase 9 (Stk9)) genes were found. Digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) analysis revealed down-regulation of Arx. In humans, ARX, DCLK1, and CDLK5 were shown to be mutated in some rare epilepsy-associated disorders. We conclude that the occurrence of seizure-like events in aged mice overexpressing ORAI1 might be due to the down-regulation of Arx, and possibly of Cdkl5 and Dclk1 genes.
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77
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Pathophysiology of Calcium Mediated Ventricular Arrhythmias and Novel Therapeutic Options with Focus on Gene Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215304. [PMID: 31653119 PMCID: PMC6862059 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac arrhythmias constitute a major health problem with a huge impact on mortality rates and health care costs. Despite ongoing research efforts, the understanding of the molecular mechanisms and processes responsible for arrhythmogenesis remains incomplete. Given the crucial role of Ca2+-handling in action potential generation and cardiac contraction, Ca2+ channels and Ca2+ handling proteins represent promising targets for suppression of ventricular arrhythmias. Accordingly, we report the different roles of Ca2+-handling in the development of congenital as well as acquired ventricular arrhythmia syndromes. We highlight the therapeutic potential of gene therapy as a novel and innovative approach for future arrhythmia therapy. Furthermore, we discuss various promising cellular and mitochondrial targets for therapeutic gene transfer currently under investigation.
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78
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Dysregulated liver lipid metabolism and innate immunity associated with hepatic steatosis in neonatal BBdp rats and NOD mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14594. [PMID: 31601915 PMCID: PMC6787248 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51143-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In a previous study we reported that prediabetic rats have a unique gene signature that was apparent even in neonates. Several of the changes we observed, including enhanced expression of pro-inflammatory genes and dysregulated UPR and metabolism genes were first observed in the liver followed by the pancreas. In the present study we investigated further early changes in hepatic innate immunity and metabolism in two models of type 1 diabetes (T1D), the BBdp rat and NOD mouse. There was a striking increase in lipid deposits in liver, particularly in neonatal BBdp rats, with a less striking but significant increase in neonatal NOD mice in association with dysregulated expression of lipid metabolism genes. This was associated with a decreased number of extramedullary hematopoietic clusters as well as CD68+ macrophages in the liver of both models. In addition, PPARɣ and phosphorylated AMPKα protein were decreased in neonatal BBdp rats. BBdp rats displayed decreased expression of antimicrobial genes in neonates and decreased M2 genes at 30 days. This suggests hepatic steatosis could be a common early feature in development of T1D that impacts metabolic homeostasis and tolerogenic phenotype in the prediabetic liver.
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79
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Kounakis K, Chaniotakis M, Markaki M, Tavernarakis N. Emerging Roles of Lipophagy in Health and Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:185. [PMID: 31552248 PMCID: PMC6746960 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The term lipophagy is used to describe the autophagic degradation of lipid droplets, the main lipid storage organelles of eukaryotic cells. Ever since its discovery in 2009, lipophagy has emerged as a significant component of lipid metabolism with important implications for organismal health. This review aims to provide a brief summary of our current knowledge on the mechanisms that are responsible for regulating lipophagy and the impact the process has under physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Kounakis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, Heraklion, Greece.,Department of Basic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Manos Chaniotakis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, Heraklion, Greece.,Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Markaki
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Nektarios Tavernarakis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, Heraklion, Greece.,Department of Basic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
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80
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Tang Z, Ye W, Chen H, Kuang X, Guo J, Xiang M, Peng C, Chen X, Liu H. Role of purines in regulation of metabolic reprogramming. Purinergic Signal 2019; 15:423-438. [PMID: 31493132 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-019-09676-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purines, among most influential molecules, are reported to have essential biological function by regulating various cell types. A large number of studies have led to the discovery of many biological functions of the purine nucleotides such as ATP, ADP, and adenosine, as signaling molecules that engage G protein-coupled or ligand-gated ion channel receptors. The role of purines in the regulation of cellular functions at the gene or protein level has been well documented. With the advances in multiomics, including those from metabolomic and bioinformatic analyses, metabolic reprogramming was identified as a key mechanism involved in the regulation of cellular function under physiological or pathological conditions. Recent studies suggest that purines or purine-derived products contribute to important regulatory functions in many fundamental biological and pathological processes related to metabolic reprogramming. Therefore, this review summarizes the role and potential mechanism of purines in the regulation of metabolic reprogramming. In particular, the molecular mechanisms of extracellular purine- and intracellular purine-mediated metabolic regulation in various cells during disease development are discussed. In summary, our review provides an extensive resource for studying the regulatory role of purines in metabolic reprogramming and sheds light on the utilization of the corresponding peptides or proteins for disease diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya Medical School of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wenrui Ye
- Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya Medical School of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haotian Chen
- Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya Medical School of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinwei Kuang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jia Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Minmin Xiang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Cong Peng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Center for Molecular Metabolomics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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81
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Rasineni K, Casey CA, Kharbanda KK. Reply to "Letter to Editor: Chronic alcohol exposure alters circulating insulin and ghrelin levels in hepatic steatosis: a translational research perspective". Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2019; 317:G361-G362. [PMID: 31461305 PMCID: PMC6774088 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00143.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karuna Rasineni
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Carol A Casey
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Kusum K Kharbanda
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska
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82
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史 琳, 王 柯, 邓 玉, 王 莹, 朱 双, 杨 旭, 廖 文. [Role of lipophagy in the regulation of lipid metabolism and the molecular mechanism]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2019; 39:867-874. [PMID: 31340923 PMCID: PMC6765557 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2019.07.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have discovered a selective autophagy-lipophagy, which can selectively identify and degrade lipids and plays an important role in regulating cellular lipid metabolism and maintaining intracellular lipid homeostasis. The process of lipophagy can be directly or indirectly regulated by genes, enzymes, transcriptional regulators and other factors. This review examines the role of lipophagy in reducing liver lipid content, regulating pancreatic lipid metabolism, and regulating adipose tissue differentiation, and summarizes the findings of the molecules (Rab GTPase, enzymes, ion channels, transcription factors, small molecular substances) involved in the regulation of lipophagy, which points to new directions for the treatment of diseases caused by lipid accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- 琳娜 史
- 南方医科大学 南方医院营养科,广东 广州 510515Department of Nutrition, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 柯 王
- 华南理工大学食品科学与工程学院,广东 广 州 510640College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - 玉娣 邓
- 南方医科大学公共卫生学院,广东 广州 510515School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 莹娜 王
- 广州市三兴生物技术有限公司,广东 广州 510000Guangzhou Sanxing Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - 双玲 朱
- 中山大学附属第一医院,广东 广州 510080First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat- sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - 旭珊 杨
- 南方医科大学公共卫生学院,广东 广州 510515School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 文镇 廖
- 南方医科大学公共卫生学院,广东 广州 510515School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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83
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Ali ES, Rychkov GY, Barritt GJ. Deranged hepatocyte intracellular Ca 2+ homeostasis and the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease to hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Calcium 2019; 82:102057. [PMID: 31401389 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2019.102057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men, and the sixth in women. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now one of the major risk factors for HCC. NAFLD, which involves the accumulation of excess lipid in cytoplasmic lipid droplets in hepatocytes, can progress to non-alcoholic steatosis, fibrosis, and HCC. Changes in intracellular Ca2+ constitute important signaling pathways for the regulation of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in normal hepatocytes. Recent studies of steatotic hepatocytes have identified lipid-induced changes in intracellular Ca2+, and have provided evidence that altered Ca2+ signaling exacerbates lipid accumulation and may promote HCC. The aims of this review are to summarise current knowledge of the lipid-induced changes in hepatocyte Ca2+ homeostasis, to comment on the mechanisms involved, and discuss the pathways leading from altered Ca2+ homeostasis to enhanced lipid accumulation and the potential promotion of HCC. In steatotic hepatocytes, lipid inhibits store-operated Ca2+ entry and SERCA2b, and activates Ca2+ efflux from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and its transfer to mitochondria. These changes are associated with changes in Ca2+ concentrations in the ER (decreased), cytoplasmic space (increased) and mitochondria (likely increased). They lead to: inhibition of lipolysis, lipid autophagy, lipid oxidation, and lipid secretion; activation of lipogenesis; increased lipid; ER stress, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), activation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinases and activation of transcription factor Nrf2. These all can potentially mediate the transition of NAFLD to HCC. It is concluded that lipid-induced changes in hepatocyte Ca2+ homeostasis are important in the initiation and progression of HCC. Further research is desirable to better understand the cause and effect relationships, the time courses and mechanisms involved, and the potential of Ca2+ transporters, channels, and binding proteins as targets for pharmacological intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunus S Ali
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia
| | - Grigori Y Rychkov
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, and South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
| | - Greg J Barritt
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia.
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84
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Schaar A, Sun Y, Sukumaran P, Rosenberger TA, Krout D, Roemmich JN, Brinbaumer L, Claycombe-Larson K, Singh BB. Ca 2+ entry via TRPC1 is essential for cellular differentiation and modulates secretion via the SNARE complex. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.231878. [PMID: 31182642 PMCID: PMC6633397 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.231878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Properties of adipocytes, including differentiation and adipokine secretion, are crucial factors in obesity-associated metabolic syndrome. Here, we provide evidence that Ca2+ influx in primary adipocytes, especially upon Ca2+ store depletion, plays an important role in adipocyte differentiation, functionality and subsequently metabolic regulation. The endogenous Ca2+ entry channel in both subcutaneous and visceral adipocytes was found to be dependent on TRPC1–STIM1, and blocking Ca2+ entry with SKF96365 or using TRPC1−/− knockdown adipocytes inhibited adipocyte differentiation. Additionally, TRPC1−/− mice have decreased organ weight, but increased adipose deposition and reduced serum adiponectin and leptin concentrations, without affecting total adipokine expression. Mechanistically, TRPC1-mediated Ca2+ entry regulated SNARE complex formation, and agonist-mediated secretion of adipokine-loaded vesicles was inhibited in TRPC1−/− adipose. These results suggest an unequivocal role of TRPC1 in adipocyte differentiation and adiponectin secretion, and that loss of TRPC1 disturbs metabolic homeostasis. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper. Summary: TRPC1 modulates Ca2+ entry, which is essential in adipocyte differentiation and adiponectin secretion, through facilitating SNARE complex formation, thereby maintaining metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Schaar
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA
| | - Yuyang Sun
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA
| | - Pramod Sukumaran
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA
| | - Thad A Rosenberger
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA
| | - Danielle Krout
- US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA
| | - James N Roemmich
- US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA
| | - Lutz Brinbaumer
- Neurobiology Laboratory, NIHES, NIH, 111 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.,Institute of Biomedical Research, (BIOMED) Catholic University of Argentina, Av. Alicia Moreau de Justo 1300, Edificio San Jose Piso 3, Buenos Aires C1107AAZ, Argentina
| | - Kate Claycombe-Larson
- US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA
| | - Brij B Singh
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA
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85
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Zhang F, Ye J, Zhu X, Wang L, Gao P, Shu G, Jiang Q, Wang S. Anti-Obesity Effects of Dietary Calcium: The Evidence and Possible Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3072. [PMID: 31234600 PMCID: PMC6627166 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20123072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a serious health challenge worldwide and is associated with various comorbidities, including dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Developing effective strategies to prevent obesity is therefore of paramount importance. One potential strategy to reduce obesity is to consume calcium, which has been implicated to be involved in reducing body weight/fat. In this review, we compile the evidence for the anti-obesity roles of calcium in cells, animals, and humans. In addition, we summarize the possible anti-obesity mechanisms of calcium, including regulation of (a) adipogenesis, (b) fat metabolism, (c) adipocyte (precursor) proliferation and apoptosis, (d) thermogenesis, (e) fat absorption and excretion, and (f) gut microbiota. Although the exact anti-obesity roles of calcium in different subjects and how calcium induces the proposed anti-obesity mechanisms need to be further investigated, the current evidence demonstrates the anti-obesity effects of calcium and suggests the potential application of dietary calcium for prevention of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenglin Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry and ALLTECH-SCAU Animal Nutrition Control Research Alliance, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Jingjing Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry and ALLTECH-SCAU Animal Nutrition Control Research Alliance, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Xiaotong Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry and ALLTECH-SCAU Animal Nutrition Control Research Alliance, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Lina Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry and ALLTECH-SCAU Animal Nutrition Control Research Alliance, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Ping Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry and ALLTECH-SCAU Animal Nutrition Control Research Alliance, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Gang Shu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry and ALLTECH-SCAU Animal Nutrition Control Research Alliance, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Qingyan Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry and ALLTECH-SCAU Animal Nutrition Control Research Alliance, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Songbo Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry and ALLTECH-SCAU Animal Nutrition Control Research Alliance, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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86
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Calcium Signaling Pathways: Key Pathways in the Regulation of Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112768. [PMID: 31195699 PMCID: PMC6600289 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, high epidemic obesity-triggered hypertension and diabetes seriously damage social public health. There is now a general consensus that the body's fat content exceeding a certain threshold can lead to obesity. Calcium ion is one of the most abundant ions in the human body. A large number of studies have shown that calcium signaling could play a major role in increasing energy consumption by enhancing the metabolism and the differentiation of adipocytes and reducing food intake through regulating neuronal excitability, thereby effectively decreasing the occurrence of obesity. In this paper, we review multiple calcium signaling pathways, including the IP3 (inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate)-Ca2+ (calcium ion) pathway, the p38-MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathway, and the calmodulin binding pathway, which are involved in biological clock, intestinal microbial activity, and nerve excitability to regulate food intake, metabolism, and differentiation of adipocytes in mammals, resulting in the improvement of obesity.
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87
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Kaufmann U, Kahlfuss S, Yang J, Ivanova E, Koralov SB, Feske S. Calcium Signaling Controls Pathogenic Th17 Cell-Mediated Inflammation by Regulating Mitochondrial Function. Cell Metab 2019; 29:1104-1118.e6. [PMID: 30773462 PMCID: PMC6506368 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenic Th17 cells play important roles in many autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Their function depends on T cell receptor (TCR) signaling and cytokines that activate signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). TCR engagement activates stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) and calcium (Ca2+) influx through Ca2+-release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels. Here, we show that abolishing STIM1 and Ca2+ influx in T cells expressing a hyperactive form of STAT3 (STAT3C) attenuates pathogenic Th17 cell function and inflammation associated with STAT3C expression. Deletion of STIM1 in pathogenic Th17 cells reduces the expression of genes required for mitochondrial function and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) but enhances reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. STIM1 deletion or inhibition of OXPHOS is associated with a non-pathogenic Th17 gene expression signature and impaired pathogenic Th17 cell function. Our findings establish Ca2+ influx as a critical regulator of mitochondrial function and oxidative stress in pathogenic Th17 cell-mediated multiorgan inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Kaufmann
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Sascha Kahlfuss
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Elitza Ivanova
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Sergei B Koralov
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Stefan Feske
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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88
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Xu Y, Borcherding AF, Heier C, Tian G, Roeder T, Kühnlein RP. Chronic dysfunction of Stromal interaction molecule by pulsed RNAi induction in fat tissue impairs organismal energy homeostasis in Drosophila. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6989. [PMID: 31061470 PMCID: PMC6502815 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43327-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a progressive, chronic disease, which can be caused by long-term miscommunication between organs. It remains challenging to understand how chronic dysfunction in a particular tissue remotely impairs other organs to eventually imbalance organismal energy homeostasis. Here we introduce RNAi Pulse Induction (RiPI) mediated by short hairpin RNA (shRiPI) or double-stranded RNA (dsRiPI) to generate chronic, organ-specific gene knockdown in the adult Drosophila fat tissue. We show that organ-restricted RiPI targeting Stromal interaction molecule (Stim), an essential factor of store-operated calcium entry (SOCE), results in progressive fat accumulation in fly adipose tissue. Chronic SOCE-dependent adipose tissue dysfunction manifests in considerable changes of the fat cell transcriptome profile, and in resistance to the glucagon-like Adipokinetic hormone (Akh) signaling. Remotely, the adipose tissue dysfunction promotes hyperphagia likely via increased secretion of Akh from the neuroendocrine system. Collectively, our study presents a novel in vivo paradigm in the fly, which is widely applicable to model and functionally analyze inter-organ communication processes in chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Xu
- Max-Planck-Institut für biophysikalische Chemie, Research Group Molecular Physiology, Am Faβberg 11, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany.
- Max-Planck-Institut für biophysikalische Chemie, Department of Molecular Developmental Biology, Am Faβberg 11, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany.
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, D-85764, Neuherberg, München, Germany.
| | - Annika F Borcherding
- Max-Planck-Institut für biophysikalische Chemie, Research Group Molecular Physiology, Am Faβberg 11, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Heier
- University of Graz, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Humboldtstrasse 50/2.OG, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Gu Tian
- Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Zoology, Molecular Physiology, 24098, Kiel, Germany
- Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Roeder
- Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Zoology, Molecular Physiology, 24098, Kiel, Germany
- Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Kiel, Germany
| | - Ronald P Kühnlein
- Max-Planck-Institut für biophysikalische Chemie, Research Group Molecular Physiology, Am Faβberg 11, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany.
- University of Graz, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Humboldtstrasse 50/2.OG, A-8010, Graz, Austria.
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria.
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89
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Mardani I, Tomas Dalen K, Drevinge C, Miljanovic A, Ståhlman M, Klevstig M, Scharin Täng M, Fogelstrand P, Levin M, Ekstrand M, Nair S, Redfors B, Omerovic E, Andersson L, Kimmel AR, Borén J, Levin MC. Plin2-deficiency reduces lipophagy and results in increased lipid accumulation in the heart. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6909. [PMID: 31061399 PMCID: PMC6502866 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43335-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial dysfunction is commonly associated with accumulation of cardiac lipid droplets (LDs). Perilipin 2 (Plin2) is a LD protein that is involved in LD formation, stability and trafficking events within the cell. Even though Plin2 is highly expressed in the heart, little is known about its role in myocardial lipid storage. A recent report shows that cardiac overexpression of Plin2 result in massive myocardial steatosis suggesting that Plin2 stabilizes LDs. In this study, we hypothesized that deficiency in Plin2 would result in reduced myocardial lipid storage. In contrast to our hypothesis, we found increased accumulation of triglycerides in hearts, and specifically in cardiomyocytes, from Plin2−/− mice. Although Plin2−/− mice had markedly enhanced lipid levels in the heart, they had normal heart function under baseline conditions and under mild stress. However, after an induced myocardial infarction, stroke volume and cardiac output were reduced in Plin2−/− mice compared with Plin2+/+ mice. We further demonstrated that the increased triglyceride accumulation in Plin2-deficient hearts was caused by altered lipophagy. Together, our data show that Plin2 is important for proper hydrolysis of LDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismena Mardani
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, the Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Knut Tomas Dalen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christina Drevinge
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, the Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Azra Miljanovic
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, the Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marcus Ståhlman
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, the Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Martina Klevstig
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, the Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Margareta Scharin Täng
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, the Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per Fogelstrand
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, the Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Max Levin
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, the Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Matias Ekstrand
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, the Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Syam Nair
- Centre of Perinatal Medicine and Health, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Björn Redfors
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, the Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elmir Omerovic
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, the Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Linda Andersson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, the Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alan R Kimmel
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jan Borén
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, the Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Malin C Levin
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, the Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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90
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A calcium/cAMP signaling loop at the ORAI1 mouth drives channel inactivation to shape NFAT induction. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1971. [PMID: 31036819 PMCID: PMC6488650 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09593-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
ORAI1 constitutes the store-operated Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel crucial for life. Whereas ORAI1 activation by Ca2+-sensing STIM proteins is known, still obscure is how ORAI1 is turned off through Ca2+-dependent inactivation (CDI), protecting against Ca2+ toxicity. Here we identify a spatially-restricted Ca2+/cAMP signaling crosstalk critical for mediating CDI. Binding of Ca2+-activated adenylyl cyclase 8 (AC8) to the N-terminus of ORAI1 positions AC8 near the mouth of ORAI1 for sensing Ca2+. Ca2+ permeating ORAI1 activates AC8 to generate cAMP and activate PKA. PKA, positioned by AKAP79 near ORAI1, phosphorylates serine-34 in ORAI1 pore extension to induce CDI whereas recruitment of the phosphatase calcineurin antagonizes the effect of PKA. Notably, CDI shapes ORAI1 cytosolic Ca2+ signature to determine the isoform and degree of NFAT activation. Thus, we uncover a mechanism of ORAI1 inactivation, and reveal a hitherto unappreciated role for inactivation in shaping cellular Ca2+ signals and NFAT activation. ORAI1 constitutes the store-operated Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel, but how this channel is turned off through Ca2+-dependent inactivation (CDI) remained unclear. Here the authors identify a spatially-restricted Ca2+/cAMP signaling crosstalk critical for mediating CDI which in turn regulates cellular Ca2+ signals and NFAT activation.
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91
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Ali ES, Petrovsky N. Calcium Signaling As a Therapeutic Target for Liver Steatosis. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2019; 30:270-281. [PMID: 30850262 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic steatosis, the first step in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), can arise from various pathophysiological conditions. While lipid metabolism in the liver is normally balanced such that there is no excessive lipid accumulation, when this homeostasis is disrupted lipid droplets (LDs) accumulate in hepatocytes resulting in cellular toxicity. The mechanisms underlying this accumulation and the subsequent hepatocellular damage are multifactorial and poorly understood, with the result that there are no currently approved treatments for NAFLD. Impaired calcium signaling has recently been identified as a cause of increased endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress contributing to hepatic lipid accumulation. This review highlights new findings on the role of impaired Ca2+ signaling in the development of steatosis and discusses potential new approaches to NAFLD treatment based on these new insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunüs S Ali
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Nikolai Petrovsky
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Vaxine Pty Ltd, 11 Walkley Avenue, Warradale, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
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92
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Vaeth M, Wang YH, Eckstein M, Yang J, Silverman GJ, Lacruz RS, Kannan K, Feske S. Tissue resident and follicular Treg cell differentiation is regulated by CRAC channels. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1183. [PMID: 30862784 PMCID: PMC6414608 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08959-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
T regulatory (Treg) cells maintain immunological tolerance and organ homeostasis. Activated Treg cells differentiate into effector Treg subsets that acquire tissue-specific functions. Ca2+ influx via Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels formed by STIM and ORAI proteins is required for the thymic development of Treg cells, but its function in mature Treg cells remains unclear. Here we show that deletion of Stim1 and Stim2 genes in mature Treg cells abolishes Ca2+ signaling and prevents their differentiation into follicular Treg and tissue-resident Treg cells. Transcriptional profiling of STIM1/STIM2-deficient Treg cells reveals that Ca2+ signaling regulates transcription factors and signaling pathways that control the identity and effector differentiation of Treg cells. In the absence of STIM1/STIM2 in Treg cells, mice develop a broad spectrum of autoantibodies and fatal multiorgan inflammation. Our findings establish a critical role of CRAC channels in controlling lineage identity and effector functions of Treg cells. Regulatory T (Treg) cells are important for maintaining immune homeostasis. Here the authors show that STIM1 and STIM2, which activate the Ca2+ channel ORAI1, are essential for the differentiation of peripheral Treg cells into tissue-resident and follicular Treg cells and their ability to limit autoimmunity in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Vaeth
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.,Institute for Systems Immunology, Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Yin-Hu Wang
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Miriam Eckstein
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, 10010, USA.,Institute for Systems Immunology, Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Gregg J Silverman
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Rodrigo S Lacruz
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Kasthuri Kannan
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.,Genome Technology Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Stefan Feske
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
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93
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Johnson M, Trebak M. ORAI channels in cellular remodeling of cardiorespiratory disease. Cell Calcium 2019; 79:1-10. [PMID: 30772685 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cardiorespiratory disease, which includes systemic arterial hypertension, restenosis, atherosclerosis, pulmonary arterial hypertension, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are highly prevalent and devastating diseases with limited therapeutic modalities. A common pathophysiological theme to these diseases is cellular remodeling, which is contributed by changes in expression and activation of ion channels critical for either excitability or growth. Calcium (Ca2+) signaling and specifically ORAI Ca2+ channels have emerged as significant regulators of smooth muscle, endothelial, epithelial, platelet, and immune cell remodeling. This review details the dysregulation of ORAI in cardiorespiratory diseases, and how this dysregulation of ORAI contributes to cellular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Johnson
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States
| | - Mohamed Trebak
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States.
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94
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Lei P, Tian S, Teng C, Huang L, Liu X, Wang J, Zhang Y, Li B, Shan Y. Sulforaphane Improves Lipid Metabolism by Enhancing Mitochondrial Function and Biogenesis In Vivo and In Vitro. Mol Nutr Food Res 2019; 63:e1800795. [PMID: 30578708 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201800795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Sulforaphane (SFN) is reported to reduce the accumulation of lipids. However, the underling mechanism remains unclear. In this study, the potential of SFN to improve lipid metabolism is investigated through altering mitochondrial function and biogenesis-related mechanisms. METHODS AND RESULTS The abnormal lipid metabolism model was established both in HHL-5 cells and in rats by feeding a high-fat diet (HFD) for 10 weeks. The current findings suggest that SFN alleviates the swelling of mitochondria and stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis. The reduced expression of NRF1 and TFAM, were reversed by SFN. SFN increases the levels of antioxidant compounds via nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor (Nrf2) activation. Furthermore, SFN improves multiple mitochondrial bioactivities, such as mitochondrial membrane potential, ATP, and the electron transfer chain based on PGC-1α pathway. SFN also activates lipolysis by transcriptionally upregulating adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL). CONCLUSIONS SFN enhances utilization of lipids via both the PGC- 1α-dependent promotion of mitochondrial biogenesis and Nrf2 dependent improvement of mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Lei
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 Xidazhi Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Sicong Tian
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 Xidazhi Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Chunying Teng
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 Xidazhi Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 Xidazhi Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 Xidazhi Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Jiaojiao Wang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, P. R. China
| | - Yao Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 Xidazhi Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Baolong Li
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, P. R. China
| | - Yujuan Shan
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 Xidazhi Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, P. R. China
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95
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Li Y, Fei X, Dai H, Li J, Zhu W, Deng X. Genome-Wide Identification of Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinases in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Functional Analyses in Nitrogen Deficiency-Induced Oil Accumulation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1147. [PMID: 31695707 PMCID: PMC6818280 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are recognized as important calcium (Ca2+) sensors in signal transduction and play multiple roles in plant growth and developmental processes, as well as in response to various environmental stresses. However, little information is available about the CDPK family in the green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. In this study, 15 CrCDPK genes were identified in C. reinhardtii genome, and their functions in nitrogen (N) deficiency-induced oil accumulation were analyzed. Our results showed that all CrCDPK proteins harbored the typical elongation factor (EF)-hand Ca2+-binding and protein kinase domains. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these CrCDPKs were clustered into one group together with a subclade of several CPKs from Arabidopsis and rice, clearly separating from the remaining AtCPKs and OsCPKs. These genes were located in 10 chromosomes and one scaffold of C. reinhardtii and contained 6-17 exons. RNA sequencing and quantitative reverse transcription (qRT)-PCR assays indicated that most of these CrCDPKs were significantly induced by N deficiency and salt stress. Lanthanum chloride (LaCl3), a plasma membrane Ca2+ channel blocker, limited oil accumulation in C. reinhardtii under N-deficient conditions, suggesting that Ca2+ was involved in N deficiency-induced oil accumulation. Furthermore, RNA interference (RNAi) silencing analyses demonstrated that six CrCDPKs played positive roles and three CrCDPKs played negative roles in N deficiency-induced oil accumulation in C. reinhardtii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Li
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-resources, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hainan Academy of Tropical Agricultural Resource, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaowen Fei
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Haofu Dai
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-resources, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hainan Academy of Tropical Agricultural Resource, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Jiangyue Li
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-resources, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hainan Academy of Tropical Agricultural Resource, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Weiju Zhu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-resources, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hainan Academy of Tropical Agricultural Resource, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaodong Deng
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-resources, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hainan Academy of Tropical Agricultural Resource, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaodong Deng,
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96
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Collins HE, Pat BM, Zou L, Litovsky SH, Wende AR, Young ME, Chatham JC. Novel role of the ER/SR Ca 2+ sensor STIM1 in the regulation of cardiac metabolism. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2018; 316:H1014-H1026. [PMID: 30575437 PMCID: PMC6580390 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00544.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum/sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ sensor stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1), a key mediator of store-operated Ca2+ entry, is expressed in cardiomyocytes and has been implicated in regulating multiple cardiac processes, including hypertrophic signaling. Interestingly, cardiomyocyte-restricted deletion of STIM1 (crSTIM1-KO) results in age-dependent endoplasmic reticulum stress, altered mitochondrial morphology, and dilated cardiomyopathy in mice. Here, we tested the hypothesis that STIM1 deficiency may also impact cardiac metabolism. Hearts isolated from 20-wk-old crSTIM1-KO mice exhibited a significant reduction in both oxidative and nonoxidative glucose utilization. Consistent with the reduction in glucose utilization, expression of glucose transporter 4 and AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylation were all reduced, whereas pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 and pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphorylation were increased, in crSTIM1-KO hearts. Despite similar rates of fatty acid oxidation in control and crSTIM1-KO hearts ex vivo, crSTIM1-KO hearts contained increased lipid/triglyceride content as well as increased fatty acid-binding protein 4, fatty acid synthase, acyl-CoA thioesterase 1, hormone-sensitive lipase, and adipose triglyceride lipase expression compared with control hearts, suggestive of a possible imbalance between fatty acid uptake and oxidation. Insulin-mediated alterations in AKT phosphorylation were observed in crSTIM1-KO hearts, consistent with cardiac insulin resistance. Interestingly, we observed abnormal mitochondria and increased lipid accumulation in 12-wk crSTIM1-KO hearts, suggesting that these changes may initiate the subsequent metabolic dysfunction. These results demonstrate, for the first time, that cardiomyocyte STIM1 may play a key role in regulating cardiac metabolism. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Little is known of the physiological role of stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) in the heart. Here, we demonstrate, for the first time, that hearts lacking cardiomyocyte STIM1 exhibit dysregulation of both cardiac glucose and lipid metabolism. Consequently, these results suggest a potentially novel role for STIM1 in regulating cardiac metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen E Collins
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Betty M Pat
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Luyun Zou
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Silvio H Litovsky
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Adam R Wende
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Martin E Young
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama
| | - John C Chatham
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama
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EGR-mediated control of STIM expression and function. Cell Calcium 2018; 77:58-67. [PMID: 30553973 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+ is a ubiquitous, dynamic and pluripotent second messenger with highly context-dependent roles in complex cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation, and cell death. These Ca2+ signals are generated by Ca2+-permeable channels located on the plasma membrane (PM) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and shaped by PM- and ER-localized pumps and transporters. Differences in the expression of these Ca2+ homeostasis proteins contribute to cell and context-dependent differences in the spatiotemporal organization of Ca2+ signals and, ultimately, cell fate. This review focuses on the Early Growth Response (EGR) family of zinc finger transcription factors and their role in the transcriptional regulation of Stromal Interaction Molecule (STIM1), a critical regulator of Ca2+ entry in both excitable and non-excitable cells.
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98
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Kono T, Tong X, Taleb S, Bone RN, Iida H, Lee CC, Sohn P, Gilon P, Roe MW, Evans-Molina C. Impaired Store-Operated Calcium Entry and STIM1 Loss Lead to Reduced Insulin Secretion and Increased Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in the Diabetic β-Cell. Diabetes 2018; 67:2293-2304. [PMID: 30131394 PMCID: PMC6198337 DOI: 10.2337/db17-1351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is a dynamic process that leads to refilling of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ stores through reversible gating of plasma membrane Ca2+ channels by the ER Ca2+ sensor Stromal Interaction Molecule 1 (STIM1). Pathogenic reductions in β-cell ER Ca2+ have been observed in diabetes. However, a role for impaired SOCE in this phenotype has not been tested. We measured the expression of SOCE molecular components in human and rodent models of diabetes and found a specific reduction in STIM1 mRNA and protein levels in human islets from donors with type 2 diabetes (T2D), islets from hyperglycemic streptozotocin-treated mice, and INS-1 cells (rat insulinoma cells) treated with proinflammatory cytokines and palmitate. Pharmacologic SOCE inhibitors led to impaired islet Ca2+ oscillations and insulin secretion, and these effects were phenocopied by β-cell STIM1 deletion. STIM1 deletion also led to reduced ER Ca2+ storage and increased ER stress, whereas STIM1 gain of function rescued β-cell survival under proinflammatory conditions and improved insulin secretion in human islets from donors with T2D. Taken together, these data suggest that the loss of STIM1 and impaired SOCE contribute to ER Ca2+ dyshomeostasis under diabetic conditions, whereas efforts to restore SOCE-mediated Ca2+ transients may have the potential to improve β-cell health and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuyoshi Kono
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Xin Tong
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Solaema Taleb
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Robert N Bone
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Hitoshi Iida
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Chih-Chun Lee
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Paul Sohn
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Patrick Gilon
- Pôle d'endocrinologie, diabète et nutrition, Institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michael W Roe
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY
| | - Carmella Evans-Molina
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
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99
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Bougarne N, Weyers B, Desmet SJ, Deckers J, Ray DW, Staels B, De Bosscher K. Molecular Actions of PPARα in Lipid Metabolism and Inflammation. Endocr Rev 2018; 39:760-802. [PMID: 30020428 DOI: 10.1210/er.2018-00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 428] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) is a nuclear receptor of clinical interest as a drug target in various metabolic disorders. PPARα also exhibits marked anti-inflammatory capacities. The first-generation PPARα agonists, the fibrates, have however been hampered by drug-drug interaction issues, statin drop-in, and ill-designed cardiovascular intervention trials. Notwithstanding, understanding the molecular mechanisms by which PPARα works will enable control of its activities as a drug target for metabolic diseases with an underlying inflammatory component. Given its role in reshaping the immune system, the full potential of this nuclear receptor subtype as a versatile drug target with high plasticity becomes increasingly clear, and a novel generation of agonists may pave the way for novel fields of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Bougarne
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Receptor Research Laboratories, Nuclear Receptor Laboratory, VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Basiel Weyers
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Receptor Research Laboratories, Nuclear Receptor Laboratory, VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sofie J Desmet
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Receptor Research Laboratories, Nuclear Receptor Laboratory, VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Julie Deckers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent (Zwijnaarde), Belgium
| | - David W Ray
- Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Bart Staels
- Université de Lille, U1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille, France
- INSERM, U1011, Lille, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Karolien De Bosscher
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Receptor Research Laboratories, Nuclear Receptor Laboratory, VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium
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100
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STIM1 deficiency is linked to Alzheimer's disease and triggers cell death in SH-SY5Y cells by upregulation of L-type voltage-operated Ca 2+ entry. J Mol Med (Berl) 2018; 96:1061-1079. [PMID: 30088035 PMCID: PMC6133163 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-018-1677-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract STIM1 is an endoplasmic reticulum protein with a role in Ca2+ mobilization and signaling. As a sensor of intraluminal Ca2+ levels, STIM1 modulates plasma membrane Ca2+ channels to regulate Ca2+ entry. In neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells and in familial Alzheimer’s disease patient skin fibroblasts, STIM1 is cleaved at the transmembrane domain by the presenilin-1-associated γ-secretase, leading to dysregulation of Ca2+ homeostasis. In this report, we investigated expression levels of STIM1 in brain tissues (medium frontal gyrus) of pathologically confirmed Alzheimer’s disease patients, and observed that STIM1 protein expression level decreased with the progression of neurodegeneration. To study the role of STIM1 in neurodegeneration, a strategy was designed to knock-out the expression of STIM1 gene in the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing, as an in vitro model to examine the phenotype of STIM1-deficient neuronal cells. It was proved that, while STIM1 is not required for the differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells, it is absolutely essential for cell survival in differentiating cells. Differentiated STIM1-KO cells showed a significant decrease of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I activity, mitochondrial inner membrane depolarization, reduced mitochondrial free Ca2+ concentration, and higher levels of senescence as compared with wild-type cells. In parallel, STIM1-KO cells showed a potentiated Ca2+ entry in response to depolarization, which was sensitive to nifedipine, pointing to L-type voltage-operated Ca2+ channels as mediators of the upregulated Ca2+ entry. The stable knocking-down of CACNA1C transcripts restored mitochondrial function, increased mitochondrial Ca2+ levels, and dropped senescence to basal levels, demonstrating the essential role of the upregulation of voltage-operated Ca2+ entry through Cav1.2 channels in STIM1-deficient SH-SY5Y cell death. Key messages STIM1 protein expression decreases with the progression of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease. STIM1 is essential for cell viability in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. STIM1 deficiency triggers voltage-regulated Ca2+ entry-dependent cell death. Mitochondrial dysfunction and senescence are features of STIM1-deficient differentiated cells.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00109-018-1677-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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