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Nitschke MR, Rosset SL, Oakley CA, Gardner SG, Camp EF, Suggett DJ, Davy SK. The diversity and ecology of Symbiodiniaceae: A traits-based review. ADVANCES IN MARINE BIOLOGY 2022; 92:55-127. [PMID: 36208879 DOI: 10.1016/bs.amb.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Among the most successful microeukaryotes to form mutualisms with animals are dinoflagellates in the family Symbiodiniaceae. These photosynthetic symbioses drive significant primary production and are responsible for the formation of coral reef ecosystems but are particularly sensitive when environmental conditions become extreme. Annual episodes of widespread coral bleaching (disassociation of the mutualistic partnership) and mortality are forecasted from the year 2060 under current trends of ocean warming. However, host cnidarians and dinoflagellate symbionts display exceptional genetic and functional diversity, and meaningful predictions of the future that embrace this biological complexity are difficult to make. A recent move to trait-based biology (and an understanding of how traits are shaped by the environment) has been adopted to move past this problem. The aim of this review is to: (1) provide an overview of the major cnidarian lineages that are symbiotic with Symbiodiniaceae; (2) summarise the symbiodiniacean genera associated with cnidarians with reference to recent changes in taxonomy and systematics; (3) examine the knowledge gaps in Symbiodiniaceae life history from a trait-based perspective; (4) review Symbiodiniaceae trait variation along three abiotic gradients (light, nutrients, and temperature); and (5) provide recommendations for future research of Symbiodiniaceae traits. We anticipate that a detailed understanding of traits will further reveal basic knowledge of the evolution and functional diversity of these mutualisms, as well as enhance future efforts to model stability and change in ecosystems dependent on cnidarian-dinoflagellate organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Nitschke
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand; Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW, Australia.
| | - Sabrina L Rosset
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Clinton A Oakley
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Stephanie G Gardner
- Center for Marine Science and Innovation, University of New South Wales Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Emma F Camp
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW, Australia
| | - David J Suggett
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW, Australia
| | - Simon K Davy
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
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52
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A phylogeographic assessment of the greater kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros) across South Africa. CONSERV GENET 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-022-01464-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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53
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Gaisina AA, Mekhtiev AA, Nurullayeva AN, Palatnikov GM, Shamilov EN. The impact of background γ-radiation on erythrocyte nuclear pathology, the serotonergic system, and cytochrome P-450 in hens (GALLUS GALLUS DOMESTICUS) from Azerbaijan. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 31:846-851. [PMID: 35524911 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-022-02540-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
High levels of background γ-radiation exist in the suburbs of Baku, Azerbaijan. We examined the impact of radiation on erythrocyte nuclear pathologies, levels of cytochrome P-450, and serotonin-modulating anticonsolidation protein (SMAP) in the tissues of the hens from three settlements with different levels of background radiation. Higher levels of radiation resulted in increased nuclear pathologies, upregulation of tissue SMAP levels, and downregulation of cytochrome P-450. We also carried out controlled dosage studies on Wistar male rats, which showed significant upregulation of heat shock proteins with molecular mass 70 kDa (HSP70) in the bone marrow 3 and 5 h after SMAP intraperitoneal administration. Administration of SMAP to rats 3 h prior to γ-radiation exposure (8 Gy) provided significant protection to somatic cell nuclei. We conclude that SMAP can provide protection from the genotoxic effects of γ-radiation through upregulation of HSP70 or the transformation of chromatin into a condensed, more protective conformational state.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Gaisina
- Academician Abdulla Garayev Institute of Physiology, NAS, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - A A Mekhtiev
- Academician Abdulla Garayev Institute of Physiology, NAS, Baku, Azerbaijan.
| | - A N Nurullayeva
- Academician Abdulla Garayev Institute of Physiology, NAS, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - G M Palatnikov
- Academician Abdulla Garayev Institute of Physiology, NAS, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - E N Shamilov
- Institute of Radiation Problems, NAS, Baku, Azerbaijan
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Fu X, Liu H, Liu J, DiSanto ME, Zhang X. The Role of Heat Shock Protein 70 Subfamily in the Hyperplastic Prostate: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Opportunities. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132052. [PMID: 35805135 PMCID: PMC9266107 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common causes of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in men, which is characterized by a noncancerous enlargement of the prostate. BPH troubles the vast majority of aging men worldwide; however, the pathogenetic factors of BPH have not been completely identified. The heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) subfamily, which mainly includes HSP70, glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and GRP75, plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. HSP70s are overexpressed in the course of BPH and involved in a variety of biological processes, such as cell survival and proliferation, cell apoptosis, epithelial/mesenchymal transition (EMT) and fibrosis, contributing to the development and progress of prostate diseases. These chaperone proteins also participate in oxidative stress, a cellular stress response that takes place under stress conditions. In addition, HSP70s can bind to the androgen receptor (AR) and act as a regulator of AR activity. This interaction of HSP70s with AR provides insight into the importance of the HSP70 chaperone family in BPH pathogenesis. In this review, we discuss the function of the HSP70 family in prostate glands and the role of HSP70s in the course of BPH. We also review the potential applications of HSP70s as biomarkers of prostate diseases for targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Fu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China; (X.F.); (H.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China; (X.F.); (H.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China; (X.F.); (H.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Michael E. DiSanto
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08028, USA;
| | - Xinhua Zhang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China; (X.F.); (H.L.); (J.L.)
- Correspondence:
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Omkar S, Wani TH, Zheng B, Mitchem MM, Truman AW. The APE2 Exonuclease Is a Client of the Hsp70–Hsp90 Axis in Yeast and Mammalian Cells. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12070864. [PMID: 35883419 PMCID: PMC9312491 DOI: 10.3390/biom12070864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular chaperones such as Hsp70 and Hsp90 help fold and activate proteins in important signal transduction pathways that include DNA damage response (DDR). Previous studies have suggested that the levels of the mammalian APE2 exonuclease, a protein critical for DNA repair, may be dependent on chaperone activity. In this study, we demonstrate that the budding yeast Apn2 exonuclease interacts with molecular chaperones Ssa1 and Hsp82 and the co-chaperone Ydj1. Although Apn2 does not display a binding preference for any specific cytosolic Hsp70 or Hsp90 paralog, Ssa1 is unable to support Apn2 stability when present as the sole Ssa in the cell. Demonstrating conservation of this mechanism, the exonuclease APE2 also binds to Hsp70 and Hsp90 in mammalian cells. Inhibition of chaperone function via specific small molecule inhibitors results in a rapid loss of APE2 in a range of cancer cell lines. Taken together, these data identify APE2 and Apn2 as clients of the chaperone system in yeast and mammalian cells and suggest that chaperone inhibition may form the basis of novel anticancer therapies that target APE2-mediated processes.
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Vahedi SM, Salek Ardestani S, Pahlevan Afshari K, Ghoreishifar SM, Moghaddaszadeh-Ahrabi S, Banabazi MH, Brito LF. Genome-Wide Selection Signatures and Human-Mediated Introgression Events in Bos taurus indicus-influenced Composite Beef Cattle. Front Genet 2022; 13:844653. [PMID: 35719394 PMCID: PMC9201998 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.844653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic introgression from interbreeding hybridization of European Bos taurus taurus (EBT) and Indian Bos taurus indicus (IBI) cattle breeds have been widely used to combine the climatic resilience of the IBI cattle and the higher productivity of EBT when forming new composite beef cattle (CB) populations. The subsequent breeding strategies have shifted their initial genomic compositions. To uncover population structure, signatures of selection, and potential introgression events in CB populations, high-density genotypes [containing 492,954 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) after the quality control] of 486 individuals from 15 cattle breeds, including EBT, IBI, and CB populations, along with two Bos grunniens genotypes as outgroup were used in this study. Then, in-depth population genetics analyses were performed for three CB breeds of Beefmaster, Brangus, and Santa Gertrudis. Neighbor-joining, principal components, and admixture analyses confirmed the historical introgression of EBT and IBI haplotypes into CB breeds. The fdM statistics revealed that only 12.9% of CB populations' genetic components are of IBI origin. The results of signatures of selection analysis indicated different patterns of selection signals in the three CB breeds with primary pressure on pathways involved in protein processing and stress response in Beefmaster, cell proliferation regulation and immune response in Brangus, and amino acids and glucose metabolisms in Santa Gertrudis. An average of >90% of genomic regions underlying selection signatures were of EBT origin in the studied CB populations. Investigating the CB breeds' genome allows the estimation of EBT and IBI ancestral proportions and the locations within the genome where either taurine or indicine origin alleles are under selective pressure. Such findings highlight various opportunities to control the selection process more efficiently and explore complementarity at the genomic level in CB populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Milad Vahedi
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada
| | - Siavash Salek Ardestani
- Department of Animal Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kian Pahlevan Afshari
- Department of Animal Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Varamin-Pishva Branch, Varamin, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Ghoreishifar
- Department of Animal Science, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Sima Moghaddaszadeh-Ahrabi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Banabazi
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics (HGEN), Centre for Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (VHC), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Luiz Fernando Brito
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
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Gustafson CM, Roffers-Agarwal J, Gammill LS. Chick cranial neural crest cells release extracellular vesicles that are critical for their migration. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:jcs260272. [PMID: 35635292 PMCID: PMC9270958 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The content and activity of extracellular vesicles purified from cell culture media or bodily fluids have been studied extensively; however, the physiological relevance of exosomes within normal biological systems is poorly characterized, particularly during development. Although exosomes released by invasive metastatic cells alter migration of neighboring cells in culture, it is unclear whether cancer cells misappropriate exosomes released by healthy differentiated cells or reactivate dormant developmental programs that include exosome cell-cell communication. Using chick cranial neural fold cultures, we show that migratory neural crest cells, a developmentally critical cell type and model for metastasis, release and deposit CD63-positive 30-100 nm particles into the extracellular environment. Neural crest cells contain ceramide-rich multivesicular bodies and produce larger vesicles positive for migrasome markers as well. We conclude that neural crest cells produce extracellular vesicles including exosomes and migrasomes. When Rab27a plasma membrane docking is inhibited, neural crest cells become less polarized and rounded, leading to a loss of directional migration and reduced speed. These results indicate that neural crest cell exosome release is critical for migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callie M. Gustafson
- Departmentof Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, 6-160 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Developmental Biology Center, University of Minnesota, 6-160 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Julaine Roffers-Agarwal
- Departmentof Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, 6-160 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Developmental Biology Center, University of Minnesota, 6-160 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Laura S. Gammill
- Departmentof Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, 6-160 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Developmental Biology Center, University of Minnesota, 6-160 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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58
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Yang J, Hamade M, Wu Q, Wang Q, Axtell R, Giri S, Mao-Draayer Y. Current and Future Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23115877. [PMID: 35682558 PMCID: PMC9180348 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23115877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating autoimmune disorder. Currently, there is a lack of effective treatment for the progressive form of MS, partly due to insensitive readout for neurodegeneration. The recent development of sensitive assays for neurofilament light chain (NfL) has made it a potential new biomarker in predicting MS disease activity and progression, providing an additional readout in clinical trials. However, NfL is elevated in other neurodegenerative disorders besides MS, and, furthermore, it is also confounded by age, body mass index (BMI), and blood volume. Additionally, there is considerable overlap in the range of serum NfL (sNfL) levels compared to healthy controls. These confounders demonstrate the limitations of using solely NfL as a marker to monitor disease activity in MS patients. Other blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of axonal damage, neuronal damage, glial dysfunction, demyelination, and inflammation have been studied as actionable biomarkers for MS and have provided insight into the pathology underlying the disease process of MS. However, these other biomarkers may be plagued with similar issues as NfL. Using biomarkers of a bioinformatic approach that includes cellular studies, micro-RNAs (miRNAs), extracellular vesicles (EVs), metabolomics, metabolites and the microbiome may prove to be useful in developing a more comprehensive panel that addresses the limitations of using a single biomarker. Therefore, more research with recent technological and statistical approaches is needed to identify novel and useful diagnostic and prognostic biomarker tools in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Yang
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (J.Y.); (M.H.); (Q.W.); (Q.W.)
| | - Maysa Hamade
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (J.Y.); (M.H.); (Q.W.); (Q.W.)
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (J.Y.); (M.H.); (Q.W.); (Q.W.)
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (J.Y.); (M.H.); (Q.W.); (Q.W.)
| | - Robert Axtell
- Department of Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA;
| | - Shailendra Giri
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA;
| | - Yang Mao-Draayer
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (J.Y.); (M.H.); (Q.W.); (Q.W.)
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-734-615-5635
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Heat shock proteins and the calcineurin-crz1 signaling regulate stress responses in fungi. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:240. [PMID: 35377020 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-02833-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The heat shock proteins (Hsps) act as a molecular chaperone to stabilize client proteins involved in various cell functions in fungi. Hsps are classified into different families such as HSP90, HSP70, HSP60, HSP40, and small HSPs (sHsps). Hsp90, a well-studied member of the Hsp family proteins, plays a role in growth, cell survival, and pathogenicity in fungi. Hsp70 and sHsps are involved in the development, tolerance to stress conditions, and drug resistance in fungi. Hsp60 is a mitochondrial chaperone, and Hsp40 regulates fungal ATPase machinery. In this review, we describe the cell functions, regulation, and the molecular link of the Hsps with the calcineurin-crz1 calcium signaling pathway for their role in cell survival, growth, virulence, and drug resistance in fungi and related organisms.
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60
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Alterations in Proteostasis System Components in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Parkinson Disease: Focusing on the HSP70 and p62 Levels. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12040493. [PMID: 35454081 PMCID: PMC9030208 DOI: 10.3390/biom12040493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is attributed to a proteostasis disorder mediated by α-synuclein accumulating in a specific brain region. PD manifestation is often related to extraneuronal alterations, some of which could be used as diagnostic or prognostic PD biomarkers. In this work, we studied the shifts in the expression of proteostasis-associated chaperones of the HSP70 family and autophagy-dependent p62 protein values in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of mild to moderate PD patients. Although we did not detect any changes in the intracellular HSP70 protein pool in PD patients compared to non-PD controls, an increase in the transcriptional activity of the stress-associated HSPA1A/B and HSPA6 genes was observed in these cells. Basal p62 content was found to be increased in PD patients’ PBMC, similarly to the p62 level in substantia nigra neural cells in PD. Moreover, the spontaneous apoptosis level was increased among PBMC and positively correlated with the p62 intracellular level in the PD group. A combined HSPA6- and p62-based analysis among 26 PD patients and 36 age-matched non-PD controls pointed out the diagnostic significance of these markers, with intermediate sensitivity and high specificity of this combination when observing patients diagnosed with PD.
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Xu J, Su Z, Cheng X, Hu S, Wang W, Zou T, Zhou X, Song Z, Xia Y, Gao Y, Zheng Q. High PPT1 expression predicts poor clinical outcome and PPT1 inhibitor DC661 enhances sorafenib sensitivity in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:115. [PMID: 35277179 PMCID: PMC8917761 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02508-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Adaptive resistance and side effects of sorafenib treatment result in unsatisfied survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Palmitoyl-protein thioesterase 1 (PPT1) plays a critical role in progression of various cancers. However, its role on prognosis and immune infiltrates in HCC remains unclarified.
Methods
By data mining in the Cancer Genome Atlas databases, the role of PPT1 in HCC were initially investigated. Furthermore, HCC cell lines Hep 3B and Hep 1-6 were treated with DC661 or siRNA against PPT1. The biological function of PPT1 was determined by CCK-8 test, colony formation assay, TUNEL staining, immunofluorescence staining, Western blot test, and PI-Annexin V apoptosis assays in vitro. Animal models of subcutaneous injection were applied to investigate the therapeutic role of targeting PPT1.
Results
We found that PPT1 levels were significantly upregulated in HCC tissues compared with normal tissues and were significantly associated with a poor prognosis. Multivariate analysis further confirmed that high expression of PPT1 was an independent risk factor for poor overall survival of HCC patients. We initially found that PPT1 was significantly upregulated in sorafenib-resistant cell lines established in this study. Upon sorafenib treatment, HCC cells acquired adaptive resistance by inducing autophagy. We found that DC661, a selective and potent small-molecule PPT1-inhibitor, induced lysosomal membrane permeability, caused lysosomal deacidification, inhibited autophagy and enhanced sorafenib sensitivity in HCC cells. Interestingly, this sensitization effect was also mediated by the induction mitochondrial pathway apoptosis. In addition, the expression level of PPT1 was associated with the immune infiltration in the HCC tumor microenvironment, and PPT1 inhibitor DC661 significantly enhanced the anti-tumor immune response by promoting dendritic cell maturation and further promoting CD8+ T cell activation. Moreover, DC661 combined with sorafenib was also very effective at treating tumor models in immunized mice.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that targeting PPT1 with DC661 in combination with sorafenib might be a novel and effective alternative therapeutic strategy for HCC.
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Weeriyanun P, Collins RB, Macadam A, Kiff H, Randle JL, Quigley KM. Predicting selection-response gradients of heat tolerance in a widespread reef-building coral. J Exp Biol 2022; 225:274382. [PMID: 35258617 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.243344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ocean temperatures continue to rise owing to climate change, but it is unclear whether heat tolerance of marine organisms will keep pace with warming. Understanding how tolerance scales from individuals to species and quantifying adaptive potentials is essential to forecasting responses to warming. We reproductively crossed corals from a globally distributed species (Acropora tenuis) on the Great Barrier Reef (Australia) from three thermally distinct reefs to create 85 offspring lineages. Individuals were experimentally exposed to temperatures (27.5, 31 and 35.5°C) in adult and two critical early life stages (larval and settlement) to assess acquired heat tolerance via outcrossing of offspring phenotypes by comparing five physiological responses (photosynthetic yields, bleaching, necrosis, settlement and survival). Adaptive potentials and physiological reaction norms were calculated across three stages to integrate heat tolerance at different biological scales. Selective breeding improved larval survival to heat by 1.5-2.5× but did not result in substantial enhancement of settlement, although population crosses were significantly different. Under heat stress, adults were less variable compared with larval responses in warmer reefs than in the cooler reef. Adults and offspring also differed in their mean population responses, likely underpinned by heat stress imposing strong divergent selection on adults. These results have implications for downstream selection during reproduction, evidenced by variability in a conserved heat tolerance response across offspring lineages. These results inform our ability to forecast the impacts of climate change on wild populations of corals and will aid in developing novel conservation tools such as the assisted evolution of at-risk species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ponchanok Weeriyanun
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville 4810, Australia.,Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 33, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Rachael B Collins
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville 4810, Australia.,University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Alex Macadam
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville 4810, Australia
| | - Hugo Kiff
- Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
| | - Janna L Randle
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville 4810, Australia
| | - Kate M Quigley
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville 4810, Australia
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Jia J, Liu G, Zhong J, Yan R, Song X, Zheng K, Ren Z, He Z, Zhu Q. Heat Shock Protein A6 Is Especially Involved in Enterovirus 71 Infection. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:865644. [PMID: 35308396 PMCID: PMC8931677 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.865644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) caused by Enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection is still a major infectious disease threatening children’s life and health in the absence of effective antiviral drugs due to its high prevalence and neurovirulence. A study of EV71-specific host response might shed some light on the reason behind its unique epidemiologic features and help to find means to conquer EV71 infection. We reported that host heat shock protein A6 (HSPA6) was induced by EV71 infection and involved infection in both Rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells and neurogliocytes. Most importantly, we found that EV71 did not induce the expression of other heat shock proteins HSPA1, HSPA8, and HSPB1 under the same conditions, and other HFMD-associated viruses including CVA16, CVA6, CVA10, and CVB1-3 did not induce the upregulation of HSPA6. In addition, EV71 infection enhanced the cytoplasmic aggregation of HSPA6 and its colocalization with viral capsid protein VP1. These findings suggest that HSPA6 is a potential EV71-specific host factor worthy of further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoyan Jia
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ge Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ran Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xun Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kai Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhe Ren
- Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhendan He
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Zhendan He,
| | - Qinchang Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Qinchang Zhu,
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Alagar Boopathy LR, Jacob-Tomas S, Alecki C, Vera M. Mechanisms tailoring the expression of heat shock proteins to proteostasis challenges. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101796. [PMID: 35248532 PMCID: PMC9065632 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
All cells possess an internal stress response to cope with environmental and pathophysiological challenges. Upon stress, cells reprogram their molecular functions to activate a survival mechanism known as the heat shock response, which mediates the rapid induction of molecular chaperones such as the heat shock proteins (HSPs). This potent production overcomes the general suppression of gene expression and results in high levels of HSPs to subsequently refold or degrade misfolded proteins. Once the damage or stress is repaired or removed, cells terminate the production of HSPs and resume regular functions. Thus, fulfillment of the stress response requires swift and robust coordination between stress response activation and completion that is determined by the status of the cell. In recent years, single-cell fluorescence microscopy techniques have begun to be used in unravelling HSP-gene expression pathways, from DNA transcription to mRNA degradation. In this review, we will address the molecular mechanisms in different organisms and cell types that coordinate the expression of HSPs with signaling networks that act to reprogram gene transcription, mRNA translation, and decay and ensure protein quality control.
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66
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Zhou X, Ji Q, Li Q, Wang P, Hu G, Xiao F, Ye M, Lin L, Luo M, Guo Y, Wu W, Huang K, Guo H. HSPA6 is Correlated With the Malignant Progression and Immune Microenvironment of Gliomas. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:833938. [PMID: 35281087 PMCID: PMC8904718 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.833938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are primary intracranial space lesions with a high mortality rate. Current treatments for glioma are very limited. Recently, immunotargeted therapy of the glioma microenvironment has been developed. Members of the 70 kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) family are involved in the development of many tumors and immunity. HSPA6 protein belongs to the HSP70 family; However, the biological function of this protein in gliomas has yet to be evaluated. In the present study, a range of analyses, involving protein networks, survival, clinical correlation, and function, revealed that the expression of HSPA6 was negatively correlated with clinical prognosis and closely associated with immunity, invasion, and angiogenesis. Quantitative protein analysis confirmed that HSPA6 was expressed at high levels in patients with glioblastoma. Vitro experiments further verified that HSPA6 enhanced the malignant progression of glioma cells by promoting proliferation, invasion and anti-apoptosis. We also found that HSPA6 was closely correlated with genomic variations and tumor microenvironment. Collectively, we demonstrated that HSPA6 may represent a new therapeutic target to improve the prognosis of patients with gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhou
- Departments of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Departments of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiankun Ji
- Departments of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qin Li
- Departments of General Practice, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Departments of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Guowen Hu
- Departments of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Feng Xiao
- Departments of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Minhua Ye
- Departments of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Li Lin
- Departments of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Min Luo
- Departments of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yun Guo
- Departments of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Weijun Wu
- Departments of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Departments of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Hua Guo, ; Kai Huang,
| | - Hua Guo
- Departments of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Neurological Tumors and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Hua Guo, ; Kai Huang,
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Zhou CQ, Ka W, Zhang HJ, Li YL, Gao P, Long RJ, Yang SW, Wang JL. RNA-Seq Analysis of the Key Long Noncoding RNAs and mRNAs Related to the Regulation of Acute Heat Stress in Rainbow Trout. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12030325. [PMID: 35158649 PMCID: PMC8833469 DOI: 10.3390/ani12030325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary At present, climate warming is a very serious environmental problem. A sudden and large increase or decrease in temperature is likely to cause stress response in animals. Rainbow trout is a kind of cultured cold-water fish, which is very sensitive to high temperature. Therefore, it is very vulnerable to heat waves during production. The current study found that the behavior, antioxidant capacity, and natural immune function of rainbow trout under acute heat stress were significantly enhanced in the early stages of stress response, but its anti-stress ability decreased with an increase in stress intensity and duration. Transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis showed that some non-coding RNAs could competitively bind to target genes, and jointly participate in metabolism, apoptosis, and the immune regulation of rainbow trout under stress environments. In conclusion, our study can lay a theoretical foundation for the breeding of heat-resistant rainbow trout varieties. Abstract As the global climate warms, more creatures are threatened by high temperatures, especially cold-water fish such as rainbow trout. Evidence has demonstrated that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a pivotal role in regulating heat stress in animals, but we have little understanding of this regulatory mechanism. The present study aimed to identify potential key lncRNAs involved in regulating acute heat stress in rainbow trout. lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles of rainbow trout head kidney were analyzed via high-throughput RNA sequencing, which exhibited that 1256 lncRNAs (802 up-regulation, 454 down-regulation) and 604 mRNAs (353 up-regulation, 251 down-regulation) were differentially expressed. These differentially expressed genes were confirmed to be primarily associated with immune regulation, apoptosis, and metabolic process signaling pathways through Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis and coding-noncoding co-expression network analysis. These results suggested that 18 key lncRNA-mRNA pairs are essential in regulating acute heat stress in rainbow trout. Overall, these analyses showed the effects of heat stress on various physiological functions in rainbow trout at the transcriptome level, providing a theoretical basis for improving the production and breeding of rainbow trout and the selection of new heat-resistant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Qing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Grassland Agriculture Engineering Center, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China; (C.-Q.Z.); (P.G.)
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
| | - Wei Ka
- Gansu Fishery Research Institute, Lanzhou 730000, China;
| | - Hui-Jun Zhang
- Gansu Agriculture Technology College, Lanzhou 730000, China; (H.-J.Z.); (Y.-L.L.)
| | - Ya-Lan Li
- Gansu Agriculture Technology College, Lanzhou 730000, China; (H.-J.Z.); (Y.-L.L.)
| | - Pan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Grassland Agriculture Engineering Center, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China; (C.-Q.Z.); (P.G.)
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
| | - Rui-Jun Long
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
| | - Shun-Wen Yang
- Gansu Fishery Research Institute, Lanzhou 730000, China;
- Correspondence: (S.-W.Y.); (J.-L.W.)
| | - Jian-Lin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Grassland Agriculture Engineering Center, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China; (C.-Q.Z.); (P.G.)
- Correspondence: (S.-W.Y.); (J.-L.W.)
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Albakova Z, Mangasarova Y, Albakov A, Gorenkova L. HSP70 and HSP90 in Cancer: Cytosolic, Endoplasmic Reticulum and Mitochondrial Chaperones of Tumorigenesis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:829520. [PMID: 35127545 PMCID: PMC8814359 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.829520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
HSP70 and HSP90 are two powerful chaperone machineries involved in survival and proliferation of tumor cells. Residing in various cellular compartments, HSP70 and HSP90 perform specific functions. Concurrently, HSP70 and HSP90 homologs may also translocate from their primary site under various stress conditions. Herein, we address the current literature on the role of HSP70 and HSP90 chaperone networks in cancer. The goal is to provide a comprehensive review on the functions of cytosolic, mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum HSP70 and HSP90 homologs in cancer. Given that high expression of HSP70 and HSP90 enhances tumor development and associates with tumor aggressiveness, further understanding of HSP70 and HSP90 chaperone networks may provide clues for the discoveries of novel anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarema Albakova
- Department of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- *Correspondence: Zarema Albakova,
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69
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Wang Y, Wu J, Wang D, Yang R, Liu Q. Traditional Chinese Medicine Targeting Heat Shock Proteins as Therapeutic Strategy for Heart Failure. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:814243. [PMID: 35115946 PMCID: PMC8804377 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.814243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is the terminal stage of multifarious heart diseases and is responsible for high hospitalization rates and mortality. Pathophysiological mechanisms of HF include cardiac hypertrophy, remodeling and fibrosis resulting from cell death, inflammation and oxidative stress. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) can ameliorate folding of proteins, maintain protein structure and stability upon stress, protect the heart from cardiac dysfunction and ameliorate apoptosis. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) regulates expression of HSPs and has beneficial therapeutic effect in HF. In this review, we summarized the function of HSPs in HF and the role of TCM in regulating expression of HSPs. Studying the regulation of HSPs by TCM will provide novel ideas for the study of the mechanism and treatment of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchun Wang
- Shenyang the Tenth People’s Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - Junxuan Wu
- Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
| | - Dawei Wang
- Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Liu, ; Dawei Wang, ; Rongyuan Yang,
| | - Rongyuan Yang
- The Second Clinical School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine-Zhuhai Hospital, Zhuhai, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Liu, ; Dawei Wang, ; Rongyuan Yang,
| | - Qing Liu
- The Second Clinical School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine-Zhuhai Hospital, Zhuhai, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Liu, ; Dawei Wang, ; Rongyuan Yang,
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Turek-Jakubowska A, Dębski J, Jakubowski M, Szahidewicz-Krupska E, Gawryś J, Gawryś K, Janus A, Trocha M, Doroszko A. New Candidates for Biomarkers and Drug Targets of Ischemic Stroke-A First Dynamic LC-MS Human Serum Proteomic Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11020339. [PMID: 35054033 PMCID: PMC8780942 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11020339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The aim of this dynamic-LC/MS-human-serum-proteomic-study was to identify potential proteins-candidates for biomarkers of acute ischemic stroke, their changes during acute phase of stroke and to define potential novel drug-targets. (2) Methods: A total of 32 patients (29–80 years) with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled to the study. The control group constituted 29 demographically-matched volunteers. Subjects with stroke presented clinical symptoms lasting no longer than 24 h, confirmed by neurological-examination and/or new cerebral ischemia visualized in the CT scans (computed tomography). The analysis of plasma proteome was performed using LC-MS (liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry). (3) Results: Ten proteins with significantly different serum concentrations between groups volunteers were: complement-factor-B, apolipoprotein-A-I, fibronectin, alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein, alpha-1B-glycoprotein, heat-shock-cognate-71kDa protein/heat-shock-related-70kDa-protein-2, thymidine phosphorylase-2, cytoplasmic-tryptophan-tRNA-ligase, ficolin-2, beta-Ala-His-dipeptidase. (4) Conclusions: This is the first dynamic LC-MS study performed on a clinical model which differentiates serum proteome of patients in acute phase of ischemic stroke in time series and compares to control group. Listed proteins should be considered as risk factors, markers of ischemic stroke or potential therapeutic targets. Further clinical validation might define their exact role in differential diagnostics, monitoring the course of the ischemic stroke or specifying them as novel drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Janusz Dębski
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warszawa, Poland;
| | - Maciej Jakubowski
- Lower Silesian Centre for Lung Diseases, Grabiszyńska 105, 53-439 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Ewa Szahidewicz-Krupska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (E.S.-K.); (J.G.); (A.J.)
| | - Jakub Gawryś
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (E.S.-K.); (J.G.); (A.J.)
| | - Karolina Gawryś
- Department of Neurology, 4th Military Hospital, Weigla 5, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.T.-J.); (K.G.)
| | - Agnieszka Janus
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (E.S.-K.); (J.G.); (A.J.)
| | - Małgorzata Trocha
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicz-Radecki 2, 50-349 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Adrian Doroszko
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (E.S.-K.); (J.G.); (A.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-71-736-4000
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Polymorphism of 16s rRNA Gene: Any Effect on the Biomolecular Quantitation of the Honey Bee (Apis mellifera L., 1758) Pathogen Nosema ceranae? APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12010422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The microsporidian Nosema ceranae is a severe threat to the western honey bee Apis mellifera, as it is responsible for nosemosis type C, which leads the colonies to dwindle and collapse. Infection quantification is essential to clinical and research aims. Assessment is made often with molecular assays based on rRNA genes, which are present in the N. ceranae genome as multiple and polymorphic copies. This study aims to compare two different methods of Real-Time PCR (qPCR), respectively relying on the 16S rRNA and Hsp70 genes, the first of which is described as a multiple and polymorphic gene. Young worker bees, hatched in the laboratory and artificially inoculated with N. ceranae spores, were incubated at 33 °C and subject to different treatment regimens. Samples were taken post-infection and analyzed with both qPCR methods. Compared to Hsp70, the 16S rRNA method systematically detected higher abundance. Straightforward conversion between the two methods is made impossible by erratic 16s rRNA/Hsp70 ratios. The 16s rRNA polymorphism showed an increase around the inoculated dose, where a higher prevalence of ungerminated spores was expected due to the treatment effects. The possible genetic background of that irregular distribution is discussed in detail. The polymorphic nature of 16S rRNA showed to be a limit in the infection quantification. More reliably, the N. ceranae abundance can be assessed in honey bee samples with methods based on the single-copy gene Hsp70.
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72
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Ashbrook AR, Feder JL, Scharf ME, Bennett GW, Gondhalekar AD. Characterization of heat exposure-associated escape behaviors and HSP gene expression in bed bugs (Cimex lectularius L.). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:205-216. [PMID: 34468070 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heat can be effective for bed bug elimination. However, in some cases bed bugs survive heat treatments. The objectives of this study were to determine the behavioral responses of bed bugs to rising harborage temperatures (23.0-49.0 °C) and identify which heat shock protein (HSP) genes are expressed after heat exposure. First, a custom-made copper arena and harborage were used to determine the escape behaviors of six bed bug populations. Next, HSP gene expression responses of select populations were determined after heat exposure using real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). RESULTS Analysis of the 25 min behavioral experiment data found that harborage top temperatures associated with 25%, 50% and 75% probabilities of bed bugs to flee the harborage did not differ significantly between populations. Also, the percentage of insects that escaped from heated areas and survived (4.0-12.0%) was not different between populations. However, when specific temperatures at which successful escapes occurred were statistically compared, the Poultry House population was found to flee the harborage at statistically higher temperatures (43.6 ± 0.5 °C) than others (40.5 ± 0.6-42.0 ± 0.7 °C). The RT-qPCR experiments revealed that the HSP70.1, HSP70.3, and Putative Small HSP genes were significantly up-regulated 15 min, 2, and 4 h post-heat exposure and decreased back to baseline levels by 24 h. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that when harborage top temperatures approach 40.0-43.0 °C, bed bugs will disperse in search for cooler areas. This work implicates the HSP70.1, HSP70.3, and Putative Small HSP genes in heat induced stress recovery of bed bugs. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron R Ashbrook
- Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Feder
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Michael E Scharf
- Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Gary W Bennett
- Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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Heat Shock Factors in Protein Quality Control and Spermatogenesis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1391:181-199. [PMID: 36472823 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-12966-7_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Proper regulation of cellular protein quality control is crucial for cellular health. It appears that the protein quality control machinery is subjected to distinct regulation in different cellular contexts such as in somatic cells and in germ cells. Heat shock factors (HSFs) play critical role in the control of quality of cellular proteins through controlling expression of many genes encoding different proteins including those for inducible protein chaperones. Mammalian cells exert distinct mechanism of cellular functions through maintenance of tissue-specific HSFs. Here, we have discussed different HSFs and their functions including those during spermatogenesis. We have also discussed the different heat shock proteins induced by the HSFs and their activities in those contexts. We have also identified several small molecule activators and inhibitors of HSFs from different sources reported so far.
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74
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Osteosarcoma exocytosis of soluble LGALS3BP mediates macrophages toward a tumoricidal phenotype. Cancer Lett 2021; 528:1-15. [PMID: 34952143 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate the interactions between osteosarcoma (OS) and M1 macrophages infiltrated into the tumor microenvironment and to explore the underlying mechanisms whereby M1 macrophages influence the growth of OS, so that novel treatments of OS can be developed. A transwell co-culture system, an indirect conditioned medium culture system and two orthotopic bearing OS models were established to assess for the interplay between M1 macrophages and OS. We found that the co-culture of M1 macrophages with OS cells significantly inhibited the growth of the tumor cells by inducing apoptosis. Furthermore, HSPA1L secreted by M1 macrophages exerted this anti-tumor effect through the IRAK1 and IRAK4 pathways. LGALS3BP secreted by OS cells bound to the ligand LGALS3 on M1 macrophages and thereby induced the secretion of Hspa11 via Akt phosphorylation. In vivo experiments demonstrated that the culture supernatant of OS-stimulated M1 macrophages significantly inhibited the growth of OS, whereas silencing Lgals3bp promoted the progression of OS. In conclusion, OS modifies the phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and thereby influences the apoptosis of OS cells through soluble factors. The modulation of TAMs may be a promising and effective therapeutic approach in OS.
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75
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Yu C, Rong M, Liu Y, Sun P, Xu Y, Wei J. Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of HSP70 Gene Family in Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg. Genes (Basel) 2021; 13:genes13010008. [PMID: 35052349 PMCID: PMC8774897 DOI: 10.3390/genes13010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) gene family perform a fundamental role in protecting plants against biotic and abiotic stresses. Aquilaria sinensis is a classic stress-induced medicinal plant, producing a valuable dark resin in a wood matrix, known as agarwood, in response to environmental stresses. The HSP70 gene family has been systematic identified in many plants, but there is no comprehensive analysis at the genomic level in A. sinensis. In this study, 15 putative HSP70 genes were identified in A. sinensis through genome-wide bioinformatics analysis. Based on their phylogenetic relationships, the 15 AsHSP70 were grouped into six sub-families that with the conserved motifs and gene structures, and the genes were mapped onto six separate linkage groups. A qRT-PCR analysis showed that the relative expression levels of all the AsHSP70 genes were up-regulated by heat stress. Subcellular localization of all HSP70s was predicted, and three were verified by transiently expressed in Arabidopsis protoplasts. Based on the expression profiles in different tissues and different layers treated with Agar-Wit, we predict AsHSP70 genes are involved in different stages of agarwood formation. The systematic identification and expression analysis of HSP70s gene family imply some of them may play important roles in the formation of agarwood. Our findings not only provide a foundation for further study their biological function in the later research in A. sinensis, but also provides a reference for the analysis of HSPs in other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuicui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education and National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (C.Y.); (M.R.); (Y.L.); (P.S.)
| | - Mei Rong
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education and National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (C.Y.); (M.R.); (Y.L.); (P.S.)
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education and National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (C.Y.); (M.R.); (Y.L.); (P.S.)
| | - Peiwen Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education and National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (C.Y.); (M.R.); (Y.L.); (P.S.)
| | - Yanhong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education and National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (C.Y.); (M.R.); (Y.L.); (P.S.)
- Correspondence: (Y.X.); (J.W.)
| | - Jianhe Wei
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education and National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (C.Y.); (M.R.); (Y.L.); (P.S.)
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Agarwood Sustainable Utilization, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, China
- Correspondence: (Y.X.); (J.W.)
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Bai J, Wang YC, Liu YC, Chang YW, Liu XN, Gong WR, Du YZ. Isolation of two new genes encoding heat shock protein 70 in Bemisia tabaci and analysis during thermal stress. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 193:933-940. [PMID: 34728307 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The heat shock protein 70 family (HSP70) is among the most varied HSP family with respect to structure and function. The phloem-feeding insect Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is an important pest of cotton, vegetables and ornamentals that transmits several plant viruses and causes enormous agricultural losses. In this study, two new HSP70 genes (Bthsp70-2 and Bthsp70-3) were isolated from the MED cryptic species B. tabaci, an important phloem-feeding pest of vegetables and ornamentals. Bthsp70-2 and Bthsp70-3 encoded proteins comprised of 652 and 676 amino acids, and the deduced proteins were closely related to other HSP70s in Hemiptera. Expression analyses using real-time quantitative PCR indicated that Bthsp70-2 and Bthsp70-3 were induced in B. tabaci pupae and adults during high and low thermal stress. Bthsp70-2 and Bthsp70-3 exhibited similar, but not identical, expression patterns when exposed to different durations of high temperature stress. Oral ingestion of dsBthsp70 reduced the expression level of Bthsp70-2 and Bthsp70-3 in B. tabaci and increased the mortality of B. tabaci during heat shock. In conclusion, Bthsp70-2 and Bthsp70-3 exhibit different expression patterns during thermal stress, thus expanding the roles of HSPs in B. tabaci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Bai
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yu-Cheng Wang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yun-Cai Liu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ya-Wen Chang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xiao-Na Liu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wei-Rong Gong
- Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 21003, China
| | - Yu-Zhou Du
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
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77
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Calvaresi V, Truelsen LT, Larsen SB, Petersen NHT, Kirkegaard T, Rand KD. Conformational dynamics of free and membrane-bound human Hsp70 in model cytosolic and endo-lysosomal environments. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1369. [PMID: 34876699 PMCID: PMC8651726 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02892-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The binding of the major stress-inducible human 70-kDa heat shock protein (Hsp70) to the anionic phospholipid bis-(monoacylglycero)-phosphate (BMP) in the lysosomal membrane is crucial for its impact on cellular pathology in lysosomal storage disorders. However, the conformational features of this protein-lipid complex remain unclear. Here, we apply hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) to describe the dynamics of the full-length Hsp70 in the cytosol and its conformational changes upon translocation into lysosomes. Using wild-type and W90F mutant proteins, we also map and discriminate the interaction of Hsp70 with BMP and other lipid components of the lysosomal membrane. We identify the N-terminal of the nucleotide binding domain (residues 87-118) as the primary orchestrator of BMP interaction. We show that the conformation of this domain is significantly reorganized in the W90F mutant, explaining its inability to stabilize lysosomal membranes. Overall, our results reveal important new molecular details of the protective effect of Hsp70 in lysosomal storage diseases, which, in turn, could guide future drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Calvaresi
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XProtein Analysis Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark
| | - Line T. Truelsen
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XProtein Analysis Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark
| | - Sidsel B. Larsen
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XProtein Analysis Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark
| | | | | | - Kasper D. Rand
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XProtein Analysis Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark
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78
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Wang X, Wang Y, Fang Z, Wang H, Zhang J, Zhang L, Huang H, Jiang Z, Jin Y, Han X, Hou S, Zhou B, Meng F, Chen L, Wong KK, Liu J, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Chen H, Sun Y, Hu L, Ji H. Targeting HSPA1A in ARID2-deficient lung adenocarcinoma. Natl Sci Rev 2021; 8:nwab014. [PMID: 34858604 PMCID: PMC8566174 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwab014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic mutations of the chromatin remodeling gene ARID2 are observed in ∼7% of human lung adenocarcinomas (LUADs). However, the role of ARID2 in the pathogenesis of LUADs remains largely unknown. Here we find that ARID2 expression is decreased during the malignant progression of both human and mice LUADs. Using two KrasG12D-based genetically engineered murine models, we demonstrate that ARID2 knockout significantly promotes lung cancer malignant progression and shortens overall survival. Consistently, ARID2 knockdown significantly promotes cell proliferation in human and mice lung cancer cells. Through integrative analyses of ChIP-Seq and RNA-Seq data, we find that Hspa1a is up-regulated by Arid2 loss. Knockdown of Hspa1a specifically inhibits malignant progression of Arid2-deficient but not Arid2-wt lung cancers in both cell lines as well as animal models. Treatment with an HSPA1A inhibitor could significantly inhibit the malignant progression of lung cancer with ARID2 deficiency. Together, our findings establish ARID2 as an important tumor suppressor in LUADs with novel mechanistic insights, and further identify HSPA1A as a potential therapeutic target in ARID2-deficient LUADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yuetong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zhaoyuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Longfu Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, ZhongShan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hsinyi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zhonglin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yujuan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xiangkun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Shenda Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Feilong Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Luonan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Kwok-Kin Wong
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jinfeng Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Zhiqi Zhang
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Campus, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, ZhongShan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Haiquan Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yihua Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Liang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Hongbin Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
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79
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LncRNA HSPA7 in human atherosclerotic plaques sponges miR-223 and promotes the proinflammatory vascular smooth muscle cell transition. Exp Mol Med 2021; 53:1842-1849. [PMID: 34857901 PMCID: PMC8741916 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-021-00706-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Although there are many genetic loci in noncoding regions associated with vascular disease, studies on long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) discovered from human plaques that affect atherosclerosis have been highly limited. We aimed to identify and functionally validate a lncRNA using human atherosclerotic plaques. Human aortic samples were obtained from patients who underwent aortic surgery, and tissues were classified according to atherosclerotic plaques. RNA was extracted and analyzed for differentially expressed lncRNAs in plaques. Human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) were stimulated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) to evaluate the effect of the identified lncRNA on the inflammatory transition of the cells. Among 380 RNAs differentially expressed between the plaque and control tissues, lncRNA HSPA7 was selected and confirmed to show upregulated expression upon oxLDL treatment. HSPA7 knockdown inhibited the migration of HASMCs and the secretion and expression of IL-1β and IL-6; however, HSPA7 knockdown recovered the oxLDL-induced reduction in the expression of contractile markers. Although miR-223 inhibition promoted the activity of Nf-κB and the secretion of inflammatory proteins such as IL-1β and IL-6, HSPA7 knockdown diminished these effects. The effects of miR-223 inhibition and HSPA7 knockdown were also found in THP-1 cell-derived macrophages. The impact of HSPA7 on miR-223 was mediated in an AGO2-dependent manner. HSPA7 is differentially increased in human atheroma and promotes the inflammatory transition of vascular smooth muscle cells by sponging miR-223. For the first time, this study elucidated the molecular mechanism of action of HSPA7, a lncRNA of previously unknown function, in humans. A long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) called HSPA7 promotes the development of atherosclerosis, plaque in arteries. Many atherosclerosis-related genetic loci are in noncoding regions of genome, but there has been an incomplete understanding of them. Sang-Hak Lee at Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea, and co-workers set out to identify a lncRNA involved in atherosclerosis and investigate its mode of action. Comparison of aortic tissues allowed them to identify lncRNAs more abundant in atherosclerotic tissue but less in healthy tissue. Of the 380 lncRNAs identified, only HSPA7 reliably increased when aortic cells were treated with a trigger of atherosclerosis. Inhibiting HSPA7 restored normal function in vascular cells, decreasing migration and inflammation. Further investigation showed that HSPA7 blocks the activity of miR-223, a microRNA that suppresses inflammation. These results identify a potential therapeutic target for atherosclerosis.
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80
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Chen H, Wang M, Zhang H, Wang H, Zhou L, Zhong Z, Cao L, Lian C, Sun Y, Li C. microRNAs facilitate comprehensive responses of Bathymodiolinae mussel against symbiotic and nonsymbiotic bacteria stimulation. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 119:420-431. [PMID: 34687882 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bathymodiolinae mussels are dominant species in cold seeps and hydrothermal vents and could harbor endosymbionts in gill bacteriocytes. However, mechanisms underlying the symbiosis have remained largely undisclosed for years. In the present study, the global expression pattern of immune-related genes and miRNAs were surveyed in Gigantidas platifrons during bacterial challenges using enriched symbiotic methane oxidation bacteria MOBs or nonsymbiotic Vibrio. As a result, multiple pattern recognition receptors were found differentially expressed at 12 h and 24 h post bacteria challenges and distinctly clustered between stimulations. Dozens of immune effectors along with signal transducers were also modulated simultaneously during MOB or Vibrio challenge. A total of 459 miRNAs were identified in the gill while some were differentially expressed post MOB or nonsymbiotic bacteria challenge. A variety of immune-related genes were annotated as target genes of aforesaid differentially expressed miRNAs. As a result, biological processes including the immune recognition, lysosome activity and bacteria engulfment were suggested to be dynamically modulated by miRNAs in either symbiotic or nonsymbiotic bacteria challenge. It was suggested that G. platifrons mussels could maintain a robust immune response against invading pathogens while establishing symbiosis with chemosynthetic bacteria with the orchestra of immune-related genes and miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Center of Deep Sea Research, And CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Minxiao Wang
- Center of Deep Sea Research, And CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Center of Deep Sea Research, And CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Center of Deep Sea Research, And CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Center of Deep Sea Research, And CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zhaoshan Zhong
- Center of Deep Sea Research, And CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China
| | - Lei Cao
- Center of Deep Sea Research, And CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Chao Lian
- Center of Deep Sea Research, And CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Center of Deep Sea Research, And CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Chaolun Li
- Center of Deep Sea Research, And CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China.
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81
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Central Serotonergic Trophic Support of the Retina: Its Impairment in Retinitis Pigmentosa (in an Animal Model and in Clinics). NEUROPHYSIOLOGY+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11062-021-09911-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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82
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Hosfelt J, Richards A, Zheng M, Adura C, Nelson B, Yang A, Fay A, Resager W, Ueberheide B, Glickman JF, Lupoli TJ. An allosteric inhibitor of bacterial Hsp70 chaperone potentiates antibiotics and mitigates resistance. Cell Chem Biol 2021; 29:854-869.e9. [PMID: 34818532 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
DnaK is the bacterial homolog of Hsp70, an ATP-dependent chaperone that helps cofactor proteins to catalyze nascent protein folding and salvage misfolded proteins. In the pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), DnaK and its cofactors are proposed antimycobacterial targets, yet few small-molecule inhibitors or probes exist for these families of proteins. Here, we describe the repurposing of a drug called telaprevir that is able to allosterically inhibit the ATPase activity of DnaK and to prevent chaperone function by mimicking peptide substrates. In mycobacterial cells, telaprevir disrupts DnaK- and cofactor-mediated cellular proteostasis, resulting in enhanced efficacy of aminoglycoside antibiotics and reduced resistance to the frontline TB drug rifampin. Hence, this work contributes to a small but growing collection of protein chaperone inhibitors, and it demonstrates that these molecules disrupt bacterial mechanisms of survival in the presence of different antibiotic classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Hosfelt
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Aweon Richards
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Meng Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Carolina Adura
- High-Throughput and Spectroscopy Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Brock Nelson
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Amy Yang
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Allison Fay
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Insitute, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - William Resager
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Neurology and Director Proteomics Lab, Division of Advanced Research Technologies, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Beatrix Ueberheide
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Neurology and Director Proteomics Lab, Division of Advanced Research Technologies, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - J Fraser Glickman
- High-Throughput and Spectroscopy Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Tania J Lupoli
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA.
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83
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Papadogianni G, Ravens I, Hassan A, Dittrich-Breiholz O, Bernhardt G, Georgiev H. The impact of stress on the transcriptomic signature of iNKT1 cells. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 28:101163. [PMID: 34765746 PMCID: PMC8570944 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.101163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells develop in thymus before emigrating and settling peripheral tissues and organs. In contrast to regular naïve T cells, most iNKT cells do not continuously recirculate but are rather sessile and can adopt phenotypically as well as functionally to their tissue environment. To explore this in more detail, we focused on the most widely distributed CD4+iNKT1 cells and compared the transcriptome of cells isolated from liver and spleen. Whereas there are only very few genuine differences in the transcriptomes of CD4+iNKT1 cells of these two organs, the mode of cell isolation left clear marks in the transcriptomic signature. In contrast to liver cell isolated in the cold, cells prepared by enzymatic tissue digestion upregulated quickly a series of genes known to respond to stress. Therefore, to avoid erroneous conclusions, a comparison of expression profiles must take into consideration the history of cell preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Inga Ravens
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ahmed Hassan
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Günter Bernhardt
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hristo Georgiev
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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84
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Kim SH, Baek M, Park S, Shin S, Lee JS, Lee GM. Improving the secretory capacity of CHO producer cells: The effect of controlled Blimp1 expression, a master transcription factor for plasma cells. Metab Eng 2021; 69:73-86. [PMID: 34775077 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
With the advent of novel therapeutic proteins with complex structures, cellular bottlenecks in secretory pathways have hampered the high-yield production of difficult-to-express (DTE) proteins in CHO cells. To mitigate their limited secretory capacity, recombinant CHO (rCHO) cells were engineered to express Blimp1, a master regulator orchestrating B cell differentiation into professional secretory plasma cells, using the streamlined CRISPR/Cas9-based recombinase-mediated cassette exchange landing pad platform. The expression of Blimp1α or Blimp1β in rCHO cells producing DTE recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-4 (rhBMP-4) increased specific rhBMP-4 productivity (qrhBMP-4). However, since Blimp1α expression suppressed cell growth more significantly than Blimp1β expression, only Blimp1β expression enhanced rhBMP-4 yield. In serum-free suspension culture, Blimp1β expression significantly increased the rhBMP-4 concentration (>3-fold) and qrhBMP-4 (>4-fold) without significant increase in hBMP-4 transcript levels. In addition, Blimp1β expression facilitated mature rhBMP-4 secretion by active proteolytic cleavage in the secretory pathway. Transcriptomic profiling (RNA-seq) revealed global changes in gene expression patterns that promote protein processing in secretory organelles. In-depth integrative analysis of the current RNA-seq data, public epigenome/RNA-seq data, and in silico analysis identified 45 potential key regulators of Blimp1 that are consistently up- or down-regulated in Blimp1β expressing rCHO cells and plasma cells. Blimp1β expression also enhanced the production of easy-to-express monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and modulated the expression of key regulators in rCHO cells producing mAb. Taken together, the results show that controlled expression of Blimp1β improves the production capacity of rCHO cells by regulating secretory machinery and suggest new opportunities for engineering promising targets that are resting in CHO cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhye Baek
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungje Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyeon Shin
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Seong Lee
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gyun Min Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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85
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Lapshina KV, Guzhova IV, Ekimova IV. Preventive Administration of the Heat Shock Protein Hsp70 Relieves Endotoxemia-Induced Febrile Reaction in Pigeons ( Columba livia ) and Rats. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2021; 57:1060-1071. [PMID: 34720177 PMCID: PMC8547305 DOI: 10.1134/s0022093021050082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The stress-inducible 70 kDa heat shock protein (Hsp70) can
exert a protective effect on endotoxemia and sepsis due to its ability
to interact with immune cells and modulate the immune response.
However, it remains unknown whether Hsp70 is able to relieve endotoxemia-induced fever.
We carried out a comparative study of the effects of preventive
administration of the human recombinant Hsp70 (HSPA1A) on lipopolysaccharide
(LPS)-induced endotoxemia in pigeons and rats with preimplanted
electrodes and thermistors for recording the thermoregulation parameters (brain
temperature, peripheral vasomotor reaction, muscular contractile
activity). Additionally, we analyzed the dynamics of the white blood
cell (WBC) count in rats under the same conditions. It was found
that preventive administration of Hsp70 relieves the LPS-induced
febrile reaction in pigeons and rats and accelerates the restoration
of the WBC count in rats. The data obtained suggest that these warm-blooded
animals share a common physiological mechanism that underlies the
protective effect of Hsp70.
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Affiliation(s)
- K V Lapshina
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - I V Guzhova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - I V Ekimova
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
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86
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The plant diterpene epoxysiderol targets Hsp70 in cancer cells, affecting its ATPase activity and reducing its translocation to plasma membrane. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 189:262-270. [PMID: 34437915 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The ATP-dependent molecular chaperone Hsp70 is over-expressed in cancer cells where it plays pivotal roles in stabilization of onco-proteins, promoting cell proliferation and protecting cells from apoptosis and necrosis. Moreover, a relationship between the ability of cancer cells to migrate and the abundance of membrane-associated Hsp70 was shown. However, although Hsp70 is a promising target for cancer therapy, there is a still unsatisfied requirement of inhibitors possibly blocking its cancer-associated activities. Moving from the evidence that the plant diterpene oridonin efficiently targets Hsp70 1A in cancer cells, we set up a small kaurane diterpenoids collection and subjected it to a Surface Plasmon Resonance-screening, to identify new putative inhibitors of this chaperone. The results obtained suggested epoxysiderol as an effective Hsp70 1A interactor; therefore, using a combination of bioanalytical, biochemical and bioinformatics approaches, this compound was shown to bind the nucleotide-binding-domain of the chaperone, thus affecting its ATPase activity. The interaction between epoxysiderol and Hsp70 1A was also demonstrated to actually occur inside cancer cells, significantly reduced the translocation of the chaperone to the cell membrane, thus suggesting a possible role of epoxysiderol as an anti-metastasis agent.
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87
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Unsymmetrical Trifluoromethyl Methoxyphenyl β-Diketones: Effect of the Position of Methoxy Group and Coordination at Cu(II) on Biological Activity. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216466. [PMID: 34770875 PMCID: PMC8588221 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper(II) complexes with 1,1,1-trifluoro-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)butan-2,4-dione (HL1) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR spectroscopy, and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The biological properties of HL1 and cis-[Cu(L1)2(DMSO)] (3) were examined against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and opportunistic unicellular fungi. The cytotoxicity was estimated towards the HeLa and Vero cell lines. Complex 3 demonstrated antibacterial activity towards S. aureus comparable to that of streptomycin, lower antifungal activity than the ligand HL1 and moderate cytotoxicity. The bioactivity was compared with the activity of compounds of similar structures. The effect of changing the position of the methoxy group at the aromatic ring in the ligand moiety of the complexes on their antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity was explored. We propose that complex 3 has lower bioavailability and reduced bioactivity than expected due to strong intermolecular contacts. In addition, molecular docking studies provided theoretical information on the interactions of tested compounds with ribonucleotide reductase subunit R2, as well as the chaperones Hsp70 and Hsp90, which are important biomolecular targets for antitumor and antimicrobial drug search and design. The obtained results revealed that the complexes displayed enhanced affinity over organic ligands. Taken together, the copper(II) complexes with the trifluoromethyl methoxyphenyl-substituted β-diketones could be considered as promising anticancer agents with antibacterial properties.
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88
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Yurasakpong L, Nantasenamat C, Nobsathian S, Chaithirayanon K, Apisawetakan S. Betulinic Acid Modulates the Expression of HSPA and Activates Apoptosis in Two Cell Lines of Human Colorectal Cancer. Molecules 2021; 26:6377. [PMID: 34770786 PMCID: PMC8588033 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Betulinic acid (BA) is a pentacyclic triterpene usually isolated from botanical sources. Numerous studies have reported the inhibitory effect of BA against human colorectal cancer cells (CRC). However, its effect on the expression of the molecular chaperone HSPA is unclear. The aim of this research is to investigate the anti-cancer activities of BA purified from Piper retrofractum and study its effect on the expression of HSPA in colorectal cancer HCT116 and SW480 cells. The viability of both cancer cells was reduced after they were treated with an increasing dosage of BA. Flow cytometry assay revealed that levels of cell apoptosis significantly increased after incubation with BA in both cancer cells. Pro-apoptotic markers including Bax, cleaved-caspase-3 and cleaved-caspase-9 were increased while anti-apoptotic marker Bcl-2 was decreased after BA treatment. Western blot also showed that the expression of HSPA fluctuated upon BA treatment, whereby HSPA was increased at lower BA concentrations while at higher BA concentrations HSPA expression was decreased. Preliminary molecular docking assay showed that BA can bind to the nucleotide binding domain of the HSP70 at its ADP-bound state of the HSP70. Although further research is needed to comprehend the BA-HSPA interaction, our findings indicate that BA can be considered as potential candidate for the development of new treatment for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laphatrada Yurasakpong
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (L.Y.); (K.C.)
| | - Chanin Nantasenamat
- Center of Data Mining and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand;
| | | | - Kulathida Chaithirayanon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (L.Y.); (K.C.)
| | - Somjai Apisawetakan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Wattana, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
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89
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Agwunobi DO, Wang T, Zhang M, Wang T, Jia Q, Zhang M, Shi X, Yu Z, Liu J. Functional implication of heat shock protein 70/90 and tubulin in cold stress of Dermacentor silvarum. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:542. [PMID: 34666804 PMCID: PMC8527796 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-05056-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The tick Dermacentor silvarum Olenev (Acari: Ixodidae) is a vital vector tick species mainly distributed in the north of China and overwinters in the unfed adult stage. The knowledge of the mechanism that underlies its molecular adaptation against cold is limited. In the present study, genes of hsp70 and hsp90 cDNA, named Dshsp70 and Dshsp90, and tubulin were cloned and characterized from D. silvarum, and their functions in cold stress were further evaluated. Methods The genome of the heat shock proteins and tubulin of D. silvarum were sequenced and analyzed using bioinformatics methods. Each group of 20 ticks were injected in triplicate with Dshsp90-, Dshsp70-, and tubulin-derived dsRNA, whereas the control group was injected with GFP dsRNA. Then, the total RNA was extracted and cDNA was synthesized and subjected to RT-qPCR. After the confirmation of knockdown, the ticks were incubated for 24 h and were exposed to − 20 °C lethal temperature (LT50), and then the mortality was calculated. Results Results indicated that Dshsp70 and Dshsp90 contained an open reading frame of 345 and 2190 nucleotides that encoded 114 and 729 amino acid residues, respectively. The transcript Dshsp70 showed 90% similarity with that identified from Dermacentor variabilis, whereas Dshsp90 showed 85% similarity with that identified from Ixodes scapularis. Multiple sequence alignment indicates that the deduced amino acid sequences of D. silvarum Hsp90, Hsp70, and tubulin show very high sequence identity to their corresponding sequences in other species. Hsp90 and Hsp70 display highly conserved and signature amino acid sequences with well-conserved MEEVD motif at the C-terminal in Hsp90 and a variable C-terminal region with a V/IEEVD-motif in Hsp70 that bind to numerous co-chaperones. RNA interference revealed that the mortality of D. silvarum was significantly increased after injection of dsRNA of Dshsp70 (P = 0.0298) and tubulin (P = 0.0448), whereas no significant increases were observed after the interference of Dshsp90 (P = 0.0709). Conclusions The above results suggested that Dshsp70 and tubulin play an essential role in the low-temperature adaptation of ticks. The results of this study can contribute to the understanding of the survival and acclimatization of overwintering ticks. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-021-05056-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desmond O Agwunobi
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Tongxuan Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Tianhong Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Qingying Jia
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Xinyue Shi
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Zhijun Yu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China.
| | - Jingze Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China.
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90
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Wang W, Liu Q, Liu Q, Hendrickson WA. Conformational equilibria in allosteric control of Hsp70 chaperones. Mol Cell 2021; 81:3919-3933.e7. [PMID: 34453889 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Heat-shock proteins of 70 kDa (Hsp70s) are vital for all life and are notably important in protein folding. Hsp70s use ATP binding and hydrolysis at a nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) to control the binding and release of client polypeptides at a substrate-binding domain (SBD); however, the mechanistic basis for this allostery has been elusive. Here, we first characterize biochemical properties of selected domain-interface mutants in bacterial Hsp70 DnaK. We then develop a theoretical model for allosteric equilibria among Hsp70 conformational states to explain the observations: a restraining state, Hsp70R-ATP, restricts ATP hydrolysis and binds peptides poorly, whereas a stimulating state, Hsp70S-ATP, hydrolyzes ATP rapidly and has high intrinsic substrate affinity but rapid binding kinetics. We support this model for allosteric regulation with DnaK structures obtained in the postulated stimulating state S with biochemical tests of the S-state interface and with improved peptide-binding-site definition in an R-state structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Qinglian Liu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Qun Liu
- Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Wayne A Hendrickson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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91
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Bhatia TN, Clark RN, Needham PG, Miner KM, Jamenis AS, Eckhoff EA, Abraham N, Hu X, Wipf P, Luk KC, Brodsky JL, Leak RK. Heat Shock Protein 70 as a Sex-Skewed Regulator of α-Synucleinopathy. Neurotherapeutics 2021; 18:2541-2564. [PMID: 34528172 PMCID: PMC8804008 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-021-01114-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of molecular chaperones, such as heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), is not typically studied as a function of biological sex, but by addressing this gap we might improve our understanding of proteinopathic disorders that predominate in one sex. Therefore, we exposed male or female primary hippocampal cultures to preformed α-synuclein fibrils in a model of early-stage Lewy pathology. We first discovered that two mechanistically distinct inhibitors of Hsp70 function increased phospho-α-synuclein+ inclusions more robustly in male-derived neurons. Because Hsp70 is released into extracellular compartments and may restrict cell-to-cell transmission/amplification of α-synucleinopathy, we then tested the effects of low-endotoxin, exogenous Hsp70 (eHsp70) in primary hippocampal cultures. eHsp70 was taken up by and reduced α-synuclein+ inclusions in cells of both sexes, but pharmacological suppression of Hsp70 function attenuated the inhibitory effect of eHsp70 on perinuclear inclusions only in male neurons. In 20-month-old male mice infused with α-synuclein fibrils in the olfactory bulb, daily intranasal eHsp70 delivery also reduced inclusion numbers and the time to locate buried food. eHsp70 penetrated the limbic system and spinal cord of male mice within 3 h but was cleared within 72 h. Unexpectedly, no evidence of eHsp70 uptake from nose into brain was observed in females. A trend towards higher expression of inducible Hsp70-but not constitutive Hsp70 or Hsp40-was observed in amygdala tissues from male subjects with Lewy body disorders compared to unaffected male controls, supporting the importance of this chaperone in human disease. Women expressed higher amygdalar Hsp70 levels compared to men, regardless of disease status. Together, these data provide a new link between biological sex and a key chaperone that orchestrates proteostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun N Bhatia
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rachel N Clark
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Patrick G Needham
- Dept. of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kristin M Miner
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Anuj S Jamenis
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Eckhoff
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nevil Abraham
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Xiaoming Hu
- Dept. of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Peter Wipf
- Dept. of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kelvin C Luk
- Dept. of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Brodsky
- Dept. of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rehana K Leak
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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92
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Silva NSM, Rodrigues LFDC, Dores-Silva PR, Montanari CA, Ramos CHI, Barbosa LRS, Borges JC. Structural, thermodynamic and functional studies of human 71 kDa heat shock cognate protein (HSPA8/hHsc70). BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2021; 1869:140719. [PMID: 34571256 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2021.140719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Human 71 kDa heat shock cognate protein (HSPA8, also known as Hsc70, Hsp70-8, Hsc71, Hsp71 or Hsp73) is a constitutively expressed chaperone that is critical for cell proteostasis. In the cytosol, HSPA8 plays a pivotal role in folding and refolding, facilitates protein trafficking across membranes and targets proteins for degradation, among other functions. Here, we report an in solution study of recombinant HSPA8 (rHSPA8) using a variety of biophysical and biochemical approaches. rHSPA8 shares several structural and functional similarities with others human Hsp70s. It has two domains with different stabilities and interacts with adenosine nucleotides with dissociation constants in the low micromolar range, which were higher in the presence of Mg2+. rHSPA8 showed lower ATPase activity than its homolog HSPA5/hGrp78/hBiP, but it was 4-fold greater than that of recombinant HSPA1A/hHsp70-1A, with which it is 86% identical. Small angle X-ray scattering indicated that rHSPA8 behaved as an elongated monomeric protein in solution with dimensions similar to those observed for HSPA1A. In addition, rHSPA8 showed structural flexibility between its compacted and extended conformations. The data also indicated that HSPA8 has capacity in preventing the aggregation of model client proteins. The present study expands the understanding of the structure and activity of this chaperone and aligns with the idea that human homologous Hsp70s have divergent functions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paulo Roberto Dores-Silva
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Burns and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | | | | | - Leandro Ramos Souza Barbosa
- Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Júlio César Borges
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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93
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Yu EM, Yoshinaga T, Jalufka FL, Ehsan H, Mark Welch DB, Kaneko G. The complex evolution of the metazoan HSP70 gene family. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17794. [PMID: 34493758 PMCID: PMC8423806 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97192-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The metazoan 70-kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) family contains several members localized in different subcellular compartments. The cytosolic members have been classified into inducible HSP70s and constitutive heat shock cognates (HSC70s), but their distinction and evolutionary relationship remain unclear because of occasional reports of “constitutive HSP70s” and the lack of cross-phylum comparisons. Here we provide novel insights into the evolution of these important molecular chaperones. Phylogenetic analyses of 125 full-length HSP70s from a broad range of phyla revealed an ancient duplication that gave rise to two lineages from which all metazoan cytosolic HSP70s descend. One lineage (A) contains a relatively small number of genes from many invertebrate phyla, none of which have been shown to be constitutively expressed (i.e., either inducible or unknown). The other lineage (B) included both inducible and constitutive genes from diverse phyla. Species-specific duplications are present in both lineages, and Lineage B contains well-supported phylum-specific clades for Platyhelminthes, Rotifera, Nematoda, Porifera/Cnidaria, and Chordata. Some genes in Lineage B have likely independently acquired inducibility, which may explain the sporadic distribution of “HSP70” or “HSC70” in previous phylogenetic analyses. Consistent with the diversification history within each group, inducible members show lower purifying selection pressure compared to constitutive members. These results illustrate the evolutionary history of the HSP70 family, encouraging us to propose a new nomenclature: “HSP70 + subcellular localization + linage + copy number in the organism + inducible or constitutive, if known.” e.g., HSP70cA1i for cytosolic Lineage A, copy 1, inducible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Er-Meng Yu
- School of Arts and Sciences, University of Houston-Victoria, Victoria, TX, USA.,Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute of CAFS, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Frank L Jalufka
- School of Arts and Sciences, University of Houston-Victoria, Victoria, TX, USA
| | - Hashimul Ehsan
- School of Arts and Sciences, University of Houston-Victoria, Victoria, TX, USA
| | - David B Mark Welch
- Josephine Bay Paul Center for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA, USA.
| | - Gen Kaneko
- School of Arts and Sciences, University of Houston-Victoria, Victoria, TX, USA.
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94
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Unique Tropism and Entry Mechanism of Mumps Virus. Viruses 2021; 13:v13091746. [PMID: 34578327 PMCID: PMC8471308 DOI: 10.3390/v13091746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mumps virus (MuV) is an important human pathogen that causes parotitis, orchitis, oophoritis, meningitis, encephalitis, and sensorineural hearing loss. Although mumps is a vaccine-preventable disease, sporadic outbreaks have occurred worldwide, even in highly vaccinated populations. MuV not only causes systemic infection but also has a unique tropism to glandular tissues and the central nervous system. In general, tropism can be defined by multiple factors in the viral life cycle, including its entry, interaction with host factors, and host-cell immune responses. Although the underlying mechanisms of MuV tropism remain to be fully understood, recent studies on virus-host interactions have provided insights into viral pathogenesis. This review was aimed at summarizing the entry process of MuV by focusing on the glycan receptors, particularly the recently identified receptors with a trisaccharide core motif, and their interactions with the viral attachment proteins. Here, we describe the receptor structures, their distribution in the human body, and the recently identified host factors for MuV and analyze their relationship with MuV tropism.
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95
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Papachristodoulou A, Rodriguez-Calero A, Panja S, Margolskee E, Virk RK, Milner TA, Martina LP, Kim JY, Di Bernardo M, Williams AB, Maliza EA, Caputo JM, Haas C, Wang V, De Castro GJ, Wenske S, Hibshoosh H, McKiernan JM, Shen MM, Rubin MA, Mitrofanova A, Dutta A, Abate-Shen C. NKX3.1 Localization to Mitochondria Suppresses Prostate Cancer Initiation. Cancer Discov 2021; 11:2316-2333. [PMID: 33893149 PMCID: PMC7611624 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-20-1765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria provide the first line of defense against the tumor-promoting effects of oxidative stress. Here we show that the prostate-specific homeoprotein NKX3.1 suppresses prostate cancer initiation by protecting mitochondria from oxidative stress. Integrating analyses of genetically engineered mouse models, human prostate cancer cells, and human prostate cancer organotypic cultures, we find that, in response to oxidative stress, NKX3.1 is imported to mitochondria via the chaperone protein HSPA9, where it regulates transcription of mitochondrial-encoded electron transport chain (ETC) genes, thereby restoring oxidative phosphorylation and preventing cancer initiation. Germline polymorphisms of NKX3.1 associated with increased cancer risk fail to protect from oxidative stress or suppress tumorigenicity. Low expression levels of NKX3.1 combined with low expression of mitochondrial ETC genes are associated with adverse clinical outcome, whereas high levels of mitochondrial NKX3.1 protein are associated with favorable outcome. This work reveals an extranuclear role for NKX3.1 in suppression of prostate cancer by protecting mitochondrial function. SIGNIFICANCE: Our findings uncover a nonnuclear function for NKX3.1 that is a key mechanism for suppression of prostate cancer. Analyses of the expression levels and subcellular localization of NKX3.1 in patients at risk of cancer progression may improve risk assessment in a precision prevention paradigm, particularly for men undergoing active surveillance.See related commentary by Finch and Baena, p. 2132.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 2113.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Papachristodoulou
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Antonio Rodriguez-Calero
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern and Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sukanya Panja
- Department of Health Informatics, Rutgers School of Health Professions, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Elizabeth Margolskee
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Renu K Virk
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Teresa A Milner
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Luis Pina Martina
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Urology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Jaime Y Kim
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Matteo Di Bernardo
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Alanna B Williams
- Department of Medicine, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Elvis A Maliza
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Joseph M Caputo
- Department of Urology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Christopher Haas
- Department of Urology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Vinson Wang
- Department of Urology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Guarionex Joel De Castro
- Department of Urology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Sven Wenske
- Department of Urology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Hanina Hibshoosh
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - James M McKiernan
- Department of Urology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Michael M Shen
- Department of Urology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Medicine, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Genetics and Development, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Systems Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Mark A Rubin
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Antonina Mitrofanova
- Department of Health Informatics, Rutgers School of Health Professions, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Aditya Dutta
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.
- Department of Urology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Cory Abate-Shen
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Urology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Systems Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
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Comparative analysis of the coordinated motion of Hsp70s from different organelles observed by single-molecule three-color FRET. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2025578118. [PMID: 34389669 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2025578118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular function depends on the correct folding of proteins inside the cell. Heat-shock proteins 70 (Hsp70s), being among the first molecular chaperones binding to nascently translated proteins, aid in protein folding and transport. They undergo large, coordinated intra- and interdomain structural rearrangements mediated by allosteric interactions. Here, we applied a three-color single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) combined with three-color photon distribution analysis to compare the conformational cycle of the Hsp70 chaperones DnaK, Ssc1, and BiP. By capturing three distances simultaneously, we can identify coordinated structural changes during the functional cycle. Besides the known conformations of the Hsp70s with docked domains and open lid and undocked domains with closed lid, we observed additional intermediate conformations and distance broadening, suggesting flexibility of the Hsp70s in adopting the states in a coordinated fashion. Interestingly, the difference of this distance broadening varied between DnaK, Ssc1, and BiP. Study of their conformational cycle in the presence of substrate peptide and nucleotide exchange factors strengthened the observation of additional conformational intermediates, with BiP showing coordinated changes more clearly compared to DnaK and Ssc1. Additionally, DnaK and BiP were found to differ in their selectivity for nucleotide analogs, suggesting variability in the recognition mechanism of their nucleotide-binding domains for the different nucleotides. By using three-color FRET, we overcome the limitations of the usual single-distance approach in single-molecule FRET, allowing us to characterize the conformational space of proteins in higher detail.
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97
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Miller IC, Zamat A, Sun LK, Phuengkham H, Harris AM, Gamboa L, Yang J, Murad JP, Priceman SJ, Kwong GA. Enhanced intratumoural activity of CAR T cells engineered to produce immunomodulators under photothermal control. Nat Biomed Eng 2021; 5:1348-1359. [PMID: 34385695 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-021-00781-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Treating solid malignancies with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells typically results in poor responses. Immunomodulatory biologics delivered systemically can augment the cells' activity, but off-target toxicity narrows the therapeutic window. Here we show that the activity of intratumoural CAR T cells can be controlled photothermally via synthetic gene switches that trigger the expression of transgenes in response to mild temperature elevations (to 40-42 °C). In vitro, heating engineered primary human T cells for 15-30 min led to over 60-fold-higher expression of a reporter transgene without affecting the cells' proliferation, migration and cytotoxicity. In mice, CAR T cells photothermally heated via gold nanorods produced a transgene only within the tumours. In mouse models of adoptive transfer, the systemic delivery of CAR T cells followed by intratumoural production, under photothermal control, of an interleukin-15 superagonist or a bispecific T cell engager bearing an NKG2D receptor redirecting T cells against NKG2D ligands enhanced antitumour activity and mitigated antigen escape. Localized photothermal control of the activity of engineered T cells may enhance their safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian C Miller
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ali Zamat
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lee-Kai Sun
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hathaichanok Phuengkham
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Adrian M Harris
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lena Gamboa
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jason Yang
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - John P Murad
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Saul J Priceman
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.,Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Gabriel A Kwong
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. .,Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA. .,Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA. .,Integrated Cancer Research Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA. .,Georgia Immunoengineering Consortium, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA. .,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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98
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Adesina PA, Isayama K, Sitolo GC, Yamamoto Y, Suzuki T. Propionate and Dietary Fermentable Fibers Upregulate Intestinal Heat Shock protein70 in Intestinal Caco-2 Cells and Mouse Colon. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:8460-8470. [PMID: 34291640 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c03036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), including propionate, are major metabolites of intestinal microorganisms and play an essential role in regulating intestinal epithelial integrity. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) promote cellular homeostasis under physiological and stressed conditions. This study aimed to investigate the regulation of intestinal HSP70 by propionate in human intestinal Caco-2 cells and the colon of fermentable dietary fiber (DF)-fed mice and germ-free mice. The results showed that propionate increased Hspa1a (HSP70 mRNA) level in Caco-2 cells, upregulated HSP70 protein, and phosphorylation of heat shock factor 1; however, the latter two were reduced by mitogen-activated protein kinases and the mechanistic target of rapamycin inhibitors. Feeding fermentable DFs, such as guar gum (GG) and partially hydrolyzed GG, increased both cecal SCFAs and colonic HSP70 expression, both of which were reduced in germ-free mice than in specific-pathogen-free mice. Collectively, the propionate-induced HSP70 expression was shown to be possibly involved in intestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Precious Adedayo Adesina
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Kana Isayama
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Gertrude Cynthia Sitolo
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
- Department of Physics and Biochemical Sciences, Malawi University of Business and Applied Sciences, Private Bag 303, Chichiri Blantyre 3, Malawi
| | - Yoshinari Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Takuya Suzuki
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
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99
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Park JC, Lee JS. Genome-wide identification of heat shock proteins in harpacticoid, cyclopoid, and calanoid copepods: Potential application in marine ecotoxicology. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 169:112545. [PMID: 34111604 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Constant evolution of omics-technologies has provided access to identification of various important gene families. Recently, genome assemblies on widely used ecotoxicological model species, including rotifers and copepods have been completed and representative detoxification-related gene families have been discovered for biomarker genes. However, despite ubiquitous presence of stress-response proteins, limited information on full genome-wide report on heat shock proteins (Hsps) is available. Various studies have demonstrated multiple cellular functions of Hsps in living organisms as an important biomarker in response to abiotic and biotic stressors, however, full genome-wide identification of Hsps, particularly in aquatic invertebrates, has not been reported. This is the first study to report the entire Hsps and basal gene expression levels in three regional-specific copepods: Tigriopus japonicus and kingsejongensis, Paracyclopina nana, and Eurytemora affnis, and how each Hsp family gene is regulated at a basal level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chul Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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100
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Mitochondrial HSP70 Chaperone System-The Influence of Post-Translational Modifications and Involvement in Human Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158077. [PMID: 34360841 PMCID: PMC8347752 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Since their discovery, heat shock proteins (HSPs) have been identified in all domains of life, which demonstrates their importance and conserved functional role in maintaining protein homeostasis. Mitochondria possess several members of the major HSP sub-families that perform essential tasks for keeping the organelle in a fully functional and healthy state. In humans, the mitochondrial HSP70 chaperone system comprises a central molecular chaperone, mtHSP70 or mortalin (HSPA9), which is actively involved in stabilizing and importing nuclear gene products and in refolding mitochondrial precursor proteins, and three co-chaperones (HSP70-escort protein 1-HEP1, tumorous imaginal disc protein 1-TID-1, and Gro-P like protein E-GRPE), which regulate and accelerate its protein folding functions. In this review, we summarize the roles of mitochondrial molecular chaperones with particular focus on the human mtHsp70 and its co-chaperones, whose deregulated expression, mutations, and post-translational modifications are often considered to be the main cause of neurological disorders, genetic diseases, and malignant growth.
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