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Di Venere M, Viglio S, Cagnone M, Bardoni A, Salvini R, Iadarola P. Advances in the analysis of “less-conventional” human body fluids: An overview of the CE- and HPLC-MS applications in the years 2015-2017. Electrophoresis 2017; 39:160-178. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Di Venere
- Department of Molecular Medicine; Biochemistry Unit; University of Pavia; Pavia PV Italy
| | - Simona Viglio
- Department of Molecular Medicine; Biochemistry Unit; University of Pavia; Pavia PV Italy
| | - Maddalena Cagnone
- Department of Molecular Medicine; Biochemistry Unit; University of Pavia; Pavia PV Italy
| | - Anna Bardoni
- Department of Molecular Medicine; Biochemistry Unit; University of Pavia; Pavia PV Italy
| | - Roberta Salvini
- Department of Molecular Medicine; Biochemistry Unit; University of Pavia; Pavia PV Italy
| | - Paolo Iadarola
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “L. Spallanzani”; Biochemistry Unit; University of Pavia; Pavia PV Italy
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Roelofsen-de Beer RJAC, van Zelst BD, Wardle R, Kooij PG, de Rijke YB. Simultaneous measurement of whole blood vitamin B1 and vitamin B6 using LC-ESI-MS/MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1063:67-73. [PMID: 28846867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin B1 and B6 have recently been included in the Dutch clinical guidelines for the general practitioner in the differential diagnosis of dementia. To keep up with the sharp rise in the number of requests, an LC-MS/MS method using stable isotopes as internal standards was developed. The active vitamers thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) and pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP) in whole blood are simultaneously measured with a short run time of 2min. Whole blood is mixed with internal standard solution containing both TPP-d3 and PLP-d3, followed by deproteinization with a trichloroacetic acid (TCA) solution. A UPLC-MS/MS system from Waters™ was used for chromatographic separation and subsequent detection by electrospray ionization in the positive mode with mass transitions of 425.1>121.85 for TPP and 247.9>149.9 for PLP. The method is linear across the range of 12-4870 nmol/L for TPP and 6-4850 nmol/L for PLP. The mean intra-assay and inter-assay precision are 3.5% and 7.6% respectively for TPP and 3.4% and 6.1% for PLP. The relative matrix effect (TPP 97%, PLP 93%), recovery (TPP 99%, PLP 94%) and lower limit of quantification (TPP 12 nmol/L, PLP 6 nmol/L) meet the applied acceptance criteria. The comparison of the new LC-ESI-MS/MS method for TPP with our current HPLC-Fluorescence method for total thiamine yields the following equation: TPP LC-MS/MS=0.97×total thiamine HPLC - 10.61 (r2=0.94). The comparison of the new LC-ESI-MS/MS method for PLP with our current LC-ESI-MS/MS method results in PLP LC-MS/MS new=1.01×PLP LC-MS/MS old - 1.58 (r2=0.99). In conclusion, this LC-MS/MS based assay is characterized by simple sample processing with a short run time and comparison with the current methods is excellent. The new LC-MS/MS method is a convenient method to determine TPP and PLP in whole blood for both clinical routine and research applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J A C Roelofsen-de Beer
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - B D van Zelst
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - R Wardle
- Waters Corporation, Stamford Avenue, Altrincham Road, Wilmslow, Cheshire, United Kingdom.
| | - P G Kooij
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Y B de Rijke
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Nováková L, Pavlík J, Chrenková L, Martinec O, Červený L. Current antiviral drugs and their analysis in biological materials-Part I: Antivirals against respiratory and herpes viruses. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 147:400-416. [PMID: 28755849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.06.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This review article is the first in the series providing an overview of currently used antiviral drugs and presenting contemporary approaches to their analysis. Large number of available antivirals and their structural variability makes this task very challenging. Trying to cover this topic comprehensively while maintaining reasonable size of the article, the review is presented in two parts. For the purpose of the overall review, antivirals were divided into four groups: (i) antivirals against herpes viruses, (ii) antivirals against respiratory viruses, (iii) antivirals against hepatitis viruses, and (iv) antivirals against HIV. Part one is devoted to the groups (i) and (ii) and also concerns the key features of the bioanalytical method. The mechanisms of action of antivirals against respiratory and herpes viruses and their use in clinical practice are briefly outlined, and the analytical methods for selected representatives of each class are described in more detail. The methods developed for the determination of drugs from these classes mostly include conventional procedures. In contrast, current trends such as UHPLC are used rarely and proper method validation based on requirements of bioanalytical guidelines can be often considered insufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Nováková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Jakub Pavlík
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Lucia Chrenková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Martinec
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Červený
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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Mišľanová C, Príbojová J, Valachovičová M, Žilinská Z. Determination of Immunosuppressive Pharmaceuticals in Whole Blood Following Kidney Transplantation by High-performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry. ANAL LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2017.1297452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Csilla Mišľanová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jana Príbojová
- Faculty of Nursing and Professional Health Studies, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martina Valachovičová
- Faculty of Nursing and Professional Health Studies, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Žilinská
- Department of Urology with Kidney Transplant Centre, University Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Shen Y, Cheng L, Guan Q, Li H, Lu J, Wang X. Development and validation of a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for the measurement of urinary catecholamines in diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 31. [PMID: 28481409 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The measurement of catecholamines in human body fluids is requested frequently for the differential diagnosis and monitoring of pheochromocytoma. The methods in most clinical laboratories focus on high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrochemical detection, which suffers from high background noise, low sensitivity, and poor separation. We reported and developed a robust high-throughput liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method in routine clinical laboratories for the measurement of urinary catecholamines for diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. The method was validated for consistent linearity, good recovery (88-112%), excellent stability and low carryover. Intra- and inter-assay precision values for catecholamines were all below 3.35 and 4.83% respectively. Dilution linearity was investigated with satisfactory linearly dependent coefficients (r > 0.9988). The reference intervals were obtained from 310 results derived from patients in which the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma was excluded. This method was successfully used in our laboratory. The clinical characteristics of patients have been explored with satisfactory sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, we have developed a reliable assay for the liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry measurement of catecholamines in a routine clinical laboratory. The assay requires a small volume of urine, and all analytes are measured simultaneously. The assay is rapid and reliable to be executed, offering the potential for routine clinical laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Guan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijun Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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Targeted mass spectrometry: An emerging powerful approach to unblock the bottleneck in phosphoproteomics. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1055-1056:29-38. [PMID: 28441545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Following the rapid expansion of the proteomics field, the investigation of post translational modifications (PTM) has become extremely popular changing our perspective of how proteins constantly fine tune cellular functions. Reversible protein phosphorylation plays a pivotal role in virtually all biological processes in the cell and it is one the most characterized PTM up to date. During the last decade, the development of phosphoprotein/phosphopeptide enrichment strategies and mass spectrometry (MS) technology has revolutionized the field of phosphoproteomics discovering thousands of new site-specific phosphorylations and unveiling unprecedented evidence about their modulation under distinct cellular conditions. The field has expanded so rapidly that the use of traditional methods to validate and characterize the biological role of the phosphosites is not feasible any longer. Targeted MS holds great promise for becoming the method of choice to study with high precision and sensitivity already known site-specific phosphorylation events. This review summarizes the contribution of large-scale unbiased MS analyses and highlights the need of targeted MS-based approaches for follow-up investigation. Additionally, the article illustrates the biological relevance of protein phosphorylation by providing examples of disease-related phosphorylation events and emphasizes the benefits of applying targeted MS in clinics for disease diagnosis, prognosis and drug-response evaluation.
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Li XQ, Zhang QH, Yang Z, Li HM, Huang DF. The effects of isotope-labeled analogs on the LC-IDMS measurement by comparison of ESI responses and matrix effect of melamine, 13C3-melamine, 13C3+15N3-melamine, and 15N3-melamine. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 409:3233-3243. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0263-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Lin HR, Hu A, Lai MJ, Chiang CW, Liao CC, Chang KC. Rapid and sensitive detection of carbapenemase activity in Acinetobacter baumannii using superficially porous liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2016; 49:910-917. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Thorsteinsdottir M, Thorsteinsdottir UA, Eiriksson FF, Runolfsdottir HL, Agustsdottir IMS, Oddsdottir S, Sigurdsson BB, Hardarson HK, Kamble NR, Sigurdsson ST, Edvardsson VO, Palsson R. Quantitative UPLC-MS/MS assay of urinary 2,8-dihydroxyadenine for diagnosis and management of adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1036-1037:170-177. [PMID: 27770717 PMCID: PMC5445224 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRT) deficiency is a hereditary disorder that leads to excessive urinary excretion of 2,8-dihydroxyadenine (DHA), causing nephrolithiasis and chronic kidney disease. Treatment with allopurinol or febuxostat reduces DHA production and attenuates the renal manifestations. Assessment of DHA crystalluria by urine microscopy is used for therapeutic monitoring, but lacks sensitivity. We report a high-throughput assay based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) for quantification of urinary DHA. The UPLC-MS/MS assay was optimized by a chemometric approach for absolute quantification of DHA, utilizing isotopically labeled DHA as an internal standard. Experimental screening was conducted with D-optimal design and optimization of the DHA response was performed with central composite face design and related to the peak area of DHA using partial least square regression. Acceptable precision and accuracy of the DHA concentration were obtained over a calibration range of 100 to 5000ng/mL on three different days. The intra- and inter-day accuracy and precision coefficients of variation were well within ±15% for quality control samples analyzed in replicates of six at three concentration levels. Absolute quantification of DHA in urine samples from patients with APRT deficiency was achieved wihtin 6.5min. Measurement of DHA in 24h urine samples from three patients with APRT deficiency, diluted 1:15 (v/v) with 10mM ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH), yielded a concentration of 3021, 5860 and 10563ng/mL and 24h excretion of 816, 1327 and 1649mg, respectively. A rapid and robust UPLC-MS/MS assay for absolute quantification of DHA in urine was successfully developed. We believe this method will greatly facilitate diagnosis and management of patients with APRT deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Finnur F Eiriksson
- University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland; ArcticMass, Reykjavik, Iceland.
| | | | - Inger M Sch Agustsdottir
- Childreńs Medical Center, Landspitali - The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
| | - Steinunn Oddsdottir
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Landspitali - The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
| | - Baldur B Sigurdsson
- ArcticMass, Reykjavik, Iceland; Center for Biomedicine, European Academy of Bolzano/Bozen, Bolzano, Italy.
| | | | | | | | - Vidar O Edvardsson
- University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland; Childreńs Medical Center, Landspitali - The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
| | - Runolfur Palsson
- University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland; Division of Nephrology, Landspitali - The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
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61
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Decosterd L, Widmer N, André P, Aouri M, Buclin T. The emerging role of multiplex tandem mass spectrometry analysis for therapeutic drug monitoring and personalized medicine. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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62
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Grebe SK, Singh RJ. Clinical peptide and protein quantification by mass spectrometry (MS). Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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63
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Abstract
Medical diagnostics and treatment has advanced from a one size fits all science to treatment of the patient as a unique individual. Currently, this is limited solely to genetic analysis. However, epigenetic, transcriptional, proteomic, posttranslational modifications, metabolic, and environmental factors influence a patient’s response to disease and treatment. As more analytical and diagnostic techniques are incorporated into medical practice, the personalized medicine initiative transitions to precision medicine giving a holistic view of the patient’s condition. The high accuracy and sensitivity of mass spectrometric analysis of proteomes is well suited for the incorporation of proteomics into precision medicine. This review begins with an overview of the advance to precision medicine and the current state of the art in technology and instrumentation for mass spectrometry analysis. Thereafter, it focuses on the benefits and potential uses for personalized proteomic analysis in the diagnostic and treatment of individual patients. In conclusion, it calls for a synthesis between basic science and clinical researchers with practicing clinicians to design proteomic studies to generate meaningful and applicable translational medicine. As clinical proteomics is just beginning to come out of its infancy, this overview is provided for the new initiate.
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Spesyvyi A, Sovová K, Španěl P. In-tube collision-induced dissociation for selected ion flow-drift tube mass spectrometry, SIFDT-MS: a case study of NO(+) reactions with isomeric monoterpenes. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2016; 30:2009-2016. [PMID: 27459885 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Soft chemical ionisation techniques including selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry, SIFT-MS, and proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry, PTR-MS, cannot currently quantify individual isomers present simultaneously in samples, a notable example being atmospheric monoterpenes. A possible solution lies in integrating in-tube collision-induced dissociation, CID, into a selected ion flow-drift tube mass spectrometry, SIFDT-MS, instrument. METHODS In-tube CID was implemented by applying electrostatic potential difference between the resistive glass flow-drift tube downstream end and the nose cone of a quadrupole mass spectrometer. The resulting inhomogeneous electric field accelerates the product ions along the last 1 mm before the nose cone and causes their dissociation in collisions with molecules of the buffer gas (4% air, 96% helium, 2 mbar). Mass spectra of the product ions of NO(+) reactions with 3-carene, β-pinene, (S)-limonene and their mixture were obtained for variable potential difference. RESULTS Potential difference up to 47.7 V resulted in dramatic changes in the mass spectra due to fragmentation of the monoterpene radical molecular cations. The main observed fragments correspond to logical losses from different isomeric structures. Fragmentation increases with the potential difference and can be interpreted as single collision dissociation on air molecules at centre-of-mass energies of several eV. Combination of fragmentation patterns at different CID enables distinction of isomers in the mixture on the basis of pseudoinversion. CONCLUSIONS In-tube CID represents a simple and low-cost extension to SIFDT-MS that allows real-time identification of isomeric products of ion-molecule reactions on the basis of their structural differences and corresponding changes in fragmentation patterns with CID energy without significantly changing the net reaction time important for absolute quantification. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatolii Spesyvyi
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 3, 18223, Prague 8, Czech Republic
- Department of Surface and Plasma Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University in Prague, V Holešovičkách 2, 18000, Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Kristýna Sovová
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 3, 18223, Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Patrik Španěl
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 3, 18223, Prague 8, Czech Republic
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Vogeser M, Seger C. Quality management in clinical application of mass spectrometry measurement systems. Clin Biochem 2016; 49:947-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 06/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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66
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Teng L, Lei HM, Sun F, An SM, Tang YB, Meng S, Wang CH, Shen Y, Chen HZ, Zhu L. Autocrine glutamatergic transmission for the regulation of embryonal carcinoma stem cells. Oncotarget 2016; 7:49552-49564. [PMID: 27322683 PMCID: PMC5226528 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutamate behaves as the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate central nervous system and recently demonstrates intercellular signaling activities in periphery cancer cells. How the glutamatergic transmission is organized and operated in cancer stem cells remains undefined. We have identified a glutamatergic transmission circuit in embryonal carcinoma stem cells. The circuit is organized and operated in an autocrine mechanism and suppresses the cell proliferation and motility. Biological analyses determined a repertoire of glutamatergic transmission components, glutaminase, vesicular glutamate transporter, glutamate NMDA receptor, and cell membrane excitatory amino-acid transporter, for glutamate biosynthesis, package for secretion, reaction, and reuptake in mouse and human embryonal carcinoma stem cells. The glutamatergic components were also identified in mouse transplanted teratocarcinoma and in human primary teratocarcinoma tissues. Released glutamate acting as the signal was directly quantified by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Genetic and pharmacological abolishment of the endogenously released glutamate-induced tonic activation of the NMDA receptors increased the cell proliferation and motility. The finding suggests that embryonal carcinoma stem cells can be actively regulated by establishing a glutamatergic autocrine/paracrine niche via releasing and responding to the transmitter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Teng
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Basic Medicine Faculty of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Present address: Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Hubei 443003, China
| | - Hui-Min Lei
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Basic Medicine Faculty of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Fan Sun
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Basic Medicine Faculty of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Shi-Min An
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Basic Medicine Faculty of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ya-Bin Tang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Basic Medicine Faculty of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Shuang Meng
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Basic Medicine Faculty of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Cong-Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Basic Medicine Faculty of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ying Shen
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Basic Medicine Faculty of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hong-Zhuan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Basic Medicine Faculty of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Liang Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Basic Medicine Faculty of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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67
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The clinical utility of mass spectrometry based protein assays. Clin Chim Acta 2016; 459:155-161. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2016.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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68
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Labay LM, Bitting CP, Legg KM, Logan BK. The Determination of Insulin Overdose in Postmortem Investigations. Acad Forensic Pathol 2016; 6:174-183. [PMID: 31239889 DOI: 10.23907/2016.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of biological specimens for the presence of exogenous insulin is of special interest in select postmortem investigations. Insulin analogues are primarily used to mediate the regulation of blood glucose concentrations; however, their use has also been implicated or suspected as a cause of death in suicides, accidents, and homicides. Toxicological analysis for these compounds is challenging due to the large molecular weight, the limited stability of insulin in whole blood, and complexities associated with sample preparation and instrumental testing. As a consequence, determination of insulin in postmortem specimens is not routinely offered by most forensic toxicology laboratories. Forensic death investigation is further complicated by interpretative difficulties such as the frequent absence of anatomical findings, concentration interpretation in known insulin users, and addressing the impact of chemical instability and postmortem redistribution. There are ongoing efforts, however, to develop and validate robust methods that may be used for this analysis on these challenging samples and that are capable of withstanding scientific and legal scrutiny for forensic use. In this regard, in recent years, methods for the detection of exogenous insulin in postmortem samples have been reported and results of this testing has been published in a handful of cases. The purpose of this article is to review the primary functions of insulin, the disease states associated with the therapeutic use of exogenous insulin, the current state of laboratory testing, and to provide case summaries that summarize the timeline of advancements and underscore the importance of this work.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kevin M Legg
- Center for Forensic Science Research and Education
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Norris JL, Tsui T, Gutierrez DB, Caprioli RM. Pathology interface for the molecular analysis of tissue by mass spectrometry. J Pathol Inform 2016; 7:13. [PMID: 27141319 PMCID: PMC4837791 DOI: 10.4103/2153-3539.179903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) generates molecular images directly from tissue sections to provide better diagnostic insights and expand the capabilities of clinical anatomic pathology. Although IMS technology has matured over recent years, the link between microscopy imaging currently used by pathologists and MS-based molecular imaging has not been established. Methods: We adapted the Vanderbilt University Tissue Core workflow for IMS into a web-based system that facilitates remote collaboration. The platform was designed to perform within acceptable web response times for viewing, annotating, and processing high resolution microscopy images. Results: We describe a microscopy-driven approach to tissue analysis by IMS. Conclusion: The Pathology Interface for Mass Spectrometry is designed to provide clinical access to IMS technology and deliver enhanced diagnostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy L Norris
- Department of Biochemistry, National Research Resource for Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, USA
| | - Tina Tsui
- Department of Biochemistry, National Research Resource for Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, USA
| | - Danielle B Gutierrez
- Department of Biochemistry, National Research Resource for Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, USA
| | - Richard M Caprioli
- Department of Biochemistry, National Research Resource for Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, USA
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Hényková E, Vránová HP, Amakorová P, Pospíšil T, Žukauskaitė A, Vlčková M, Urbánek L, Novák O, Mareš J, Kaňovský P, Strnad M. Stable isotope dilution ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry quantitative profiling of tryptophan-related neuroactive substances in human serum and cerebrospinal fluid. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1437:145-157. [PMID: 26879452 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Many compounds related to L-tryptophan (L-TRP) have interesting biological or pharmacological activity, and their abnormal neurotransmission seems to be linked to a wide range of neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. A high-throughput method based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography connected to electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS) was developed for the quantitative analysis of L-TRP and 16 of its metabolites in human serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), representing both major and minor routes of L-TRP catabolism. The combination of a fast LC gradient with selective tandem mass spectrometry enabled accurate analysis of almost 100 samples in 24h. The standard isotope dilution method was used for quantitative determination. The method's lower limits of quantification for serum and cerebrospinal fluid ranged from 0.05 to 15nmol/L and 0.3 to 45nmol/L, respectively. Analytical recoveries ranged from 10.4 to 218.1% for serum and 22.1 to 370.0% for CSF. The method's accuracy ranged from 82.4 to 128.5% for serum matrix and 90.7 to 127.7% for CSF matrix. All intra- and inter-day coefficients of variation were below 15%. These results demonstrate that the new method is capable of quantifying endogenous serum and CSF levels of a heterogeneous group of compounds spanning a wide range of concentrations. The method was used to determine the physiological levels of target analytes in serum and CSF samples from 18 individuals, demonstrating its reliability and potential usefulness in large-scale epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Hényková
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science of Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany CAS, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Přikrylová Vránová
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital in Olomouc, I. P. Pavlova 6, CZ-775 20 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Amakorová
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science of Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany CAS, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Pospíšil
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science of Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Asta Žukauskaitė
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science of Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany CAS, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic; Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 3, CZ-775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Magdaléna Vlčková
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science of Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany CAS, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lubor Urbánek
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science of Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany CAS, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Novák
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science of Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany CAS, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Mareš
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital in Olomouc, I. P. Pavlova 6, CZ-775 20 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Kaňovský
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital in Olomouc, I. P. Pavlova 6, CZ-775 20 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Strnad
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science of Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany CAS, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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Quantitative analysis of arachidonic acid, endocannabinoids, N- acylethanolamines and steroids in biological samples by LCMS/MS: Fit to purpose. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1012-1013:215-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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72
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Direct injection LC–MS/MS method for the determination of teicoplanin in human plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1008:125-131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kuhn J, Gripp T, Flieder T, Dittrich M, Hendig D, Busse J, Knabbe C, Birschmann I. UPLC-MRM Mass Spectrometry Method for Measurement of the Coagulation Inhibitors Dabigatran and Rivaroxaban in Human Plasma and Its Comparison with Functional Assays. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145478. [PMID: 26699714 PMCID: PMC4689546 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The fast, precise, and accurate measurement of the new generation of oral anticoagulants such as dabigatran and rivaroxaban in patients’ plasma my provide important information in different clinical circumstances such as in the case of suspicion of overdose, when patients switch from existing oral anticoagulant, in patients with hepatic or renal impairment, by concomitant use of interaction drugs, or to assess anticoagulant concentration in patients’ blood before major surgery. Methods Here, we describe a quick and precise method to measure the coagulation inhibitors dabigatran and rivaroxaban using ultra-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry in multiple reactions monitoring (MRM) mode (UPLC-MRM MS). Internal standards (ISs) were added to the sample and after protein precipitation; the sample was separated on a reverse phase column. After ionization of the analytes the ions were detected using electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. Run time was 2.5 minutes per injection. Ion suppression was characterized by means of post-column infusion. Results The calibration curves of dabigatran and rivaroxaban were linear over the working range between 0.8 and 800 μg/L (r >0.99). Limits of detection (LOD) in the plasma matrix were 0.21 μg/L for dabigatran and 0.34 μg/L for rivaroxaban, and lower limits of quantification (LLOQ) in the plasma matrix were 0.46 μg/L for dabigatran and 0.54 μg/L for rivaroxaban. The intraassay coefficients of variation (CVs) for dabigatran and rivaroxaban were < 4% and 6%; respectively, the interassay CVs were < 6% for dabigatran and < 9% for rivaroxaban. Inaccuracy was < 5% for both substances. The mean recovery was 104.5% (range 83.8–113.0%) for dabigatran and 87.0% (range 73.6–105.4%) for rivaroxaban. No significant ion suppressions were detected at the elution times of dabigatran or rivaroxaban. Both coagulation inhibitors were stable in citrate plasma at -20°C, 4°C and even at RT for at least one week. A method comparison between our UPLC-MRM MS method, the commercially available automated Direct Thrombin Inhibitor assay (DTI assay) for dabigatran measurement from CoaChrom Diagnostica, as well as the automated anti-Xa assay for rivaroxaban measurement from Chromogenix both performed by ACL-TOP showed a high degree of correlation. However, UPLC-MRM MS measurement of dabigatran and rivaroxaban has a much better selectivity than classical functional assays measuring activities of various coagulation factors which are susceptible to interference by other coagulant drugs. Conclusions Overall, we developed and validated a sensitive and specific UPLC-MRM MS assay for the quick and specific measurement of dabigatran and rivaroxaban in human plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Kuhn
- Institute for Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine, Heart and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia, Ruhr University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Tatjana Gripp
- Institute for Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine, Heart and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia, Ruhr University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Tobias Flieder
- Institute for Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine, Heart and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia, Ruhr University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Marcus Dittrich
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Doris Hendig
- Institute for Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine, Heart and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia, Ruhr University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Jessica Busse
- Institute for Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine, Heart and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia, Ruhr University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Cornelius Knabbe
- Institute for Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine, Heart and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia, Ruhr University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Ingvild Birschmann
- Institute for Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine, Heart and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia, Ruhr University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
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Antonelli G, Padoan A, Artusi C, Marinova M, Zaninotto M, Plebani M. Automated saliva processing for LC-MS/MS: Improving laboratory efficiency in cortisol and cortisone testing. Clin Biochem 2015; 49:518-520. [PMID: 26708175 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2015.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to implement in our routine practice an automated saliva preparation protocol for quantification of cortisol (F) and cortisone (E) by LC-MS/MS using a liquid handling platform, maintaining the previously defined reference intervals with the manual preparation. DESIGN AND METHODS Addition of internal standard solution to saliva samples and calibrators and SPE on μ-elution 96-well plate were performed by liquid handling platform. After extraction, the eluates were submitted to LC-MS/MS analysis. The manual steps within the entire process were to transfer saliva samples in suitable tubes, to put the cap mat and transfer of the collection plate to the LC auto sampler. Transference of the reference intervals from the manual to the automated procedure was established by Passing Bablok regression on 120 saliva samples analyzed simultaneously with the two procedures. RESULTS Calibration curves were linear throughout the selected ranges. The imprecision ranged from 2 to 10%, with recoveries from 95 to 116%. Passing Bablok regression demonstrated no significant bias. CONCLUSIONS The liquid handling platform translates the manual steps into automated operations allowing for saving hands-on time, while maintaining assay reproducibility and ensuring reliability of results, making it implementable in our routine with the previous established reference intervals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Antonelli
- U.O.C. of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Andrea Padoan
- U.O.C. of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Carlo Artusi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Mariela Marinova
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Martina Zaninotto
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Mario Plebani
- U.O.C. of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
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75
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Salivary cortisol and cortisone by LC–MS/MS: validation, reference intervals and diagnostic accuracy in Cushing's syndrome. Clin Chim Acta 2015; 451:247-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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76
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Iadarola P, Fumagalli M, Bardoni AM, Salvini R, Viglio S. Recent applications of CE- and HPLC-MS in the analysis of human fluids. Electrophoresis 2015; 37:212-30. [PMID: 26426542 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 09/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The present review intends to cover the literature on the use of CE-/LC-MS for the analysis of human fluids, from 2010 until present. It has been planned to provide an overview of the most recent practical applications of these techniques to less extensively used human body fluids, including, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, synovial fluid, nipple aspirate, tear fluid, breast fluid, amniotic fluid, and cerumen. Potential pitfalls related to fluid collection and sample preparation, with particular attention to sample clean-up procedures, and methods of analysis, from the research laboratory to a clinical setting will also be addressed. While being apparent that proteomics/metabolomics represent the most prominent approaches for global identification/quantification of putative biomarkers for a variety of human diseases, evidence is also provided of the suitability of these sophisticated techniques for the detection of heterogeneous components carried by these fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Iadarola
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "L. Spallanzani,", Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Fumagalli
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "L. Spallanzani,", Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Bardoni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Roberta Salvini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Simona Viglio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Italy
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77
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Zhang YV, Rockwood A. Impact of automation on mass spectrometry. Clin Chim Acta 2015; 450:298-303. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2015.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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78
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Acquah C, Danquah MK, Yon JLS, Sidhu A, Ongkudon CM. A review on immobilised aptamers for high throughput biomolecular detection and screening. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 888:10-8. [PMID: 26320953 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (SELEX) assay has led to the generation of aptamers from libraries of nucleic acids. Concomitantly, aptamer-target recognition and its potential biomedical applications have become a major research endeavour. Aptamers possess unique properties that make them superior biological receptors to antibodies with a plethora of target molecules. Some specific areas of opportunities explored for aptamer-target interactions include biochemical analysis, cell signalling and targeting, biomolecular purification processes, pathogen detection and, clinical diagnosis and therapy. Most of these potential applications rely on the effective immobilisation of aptamers on support systems to probe target species. Hence, recent research focus is geared towards immobilising aptamers as oligosorbents for biodetection and bioscreening. This article seeks to review advances in immobilised aptameric binding with associated successful milestones and respective limitations. A proposal for high throughput bioscreening using continuous polymeric adsorbents is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb Acquah
- Curtin Sarawak Research Institute, Curtin University, Sarawak, 98009, Malaysia; Department of Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Sarawak, 98009, Malaysia
| | - Michael K Danquah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Sarawak, 98009, Malaysia.
| | - John L S Yon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Sarawak, 98009, Malaysia
| | - Amandeep Sidhu
- Curtin Sarawak Research Institute, Curtin University, Sarawak, 98009, Malaysia; Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, 6109, Australia
| | - Clarence M Ongkudon
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, 88400, Malaysia
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Mineva EM, Zhang M, Rabinowitz DJ, Phinney KW, Pfeiffer CM. An LC-MS/MS method for serum methylmalonic acid suitable for monitoring vitamin B12 status in population surveys. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:2955-64. [PMID: 25258283 PMCID: PMC4515767 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8148-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Methylmalonic acid (MMA), a functional indicator of vitamin B12 insufficiency, was measured in the US population in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2004 using a GC/MS procedure that required 275 μL of sample and had a low throughput (36 samples/run). Our objective was to introduce a more efficient yet highly accurate LC-MS/MS method for NHANES 2011-2014. We adapted the sample preparation with some modifications from a published isotope-dilution LC-MS/MS procedure. The procedure utilized liquid-liquid extraction and generation of MMA dibutyl ester. Reversed-phase chromatography with isocratic elution allowed baseline resolution of MMA from its naturally occurring structural isomer succinic acid within 4.5 min. Our new method afforded an increased throughput (≤160 samples/run) and measured serum MMA with high sensitivity (LOD = 22.1 nmol/L) in only 75 μL of sample. Mean (±SD) recovery of MMA spiked into serum (2 d, 4 levels, 2 replicates each) was 94 % ± 5.5 %. Total imprecision (41 d, 2 replicates each) for three serum quality control pools was 4.9 %-7.9 % (97.1-548 nmol/L). The LC-MS/MS method showed excellent correlation (n = 326, r = 0.99) and no bias (Deming regression, Bland-Altman analysis) compared to the previous GC/MS method. Both methods produced virtually identical mean (±SD) MMA concentrations [LC-MS/MS: 18.47 ± 0.71 ng/mL (n = 17), GC/MS: 18.18 ± 0.67 ng/mL (n = 11)] on a future plasma reference material compared with a GC/MS method procedure from the National Institute of Standards and Technology [18.41 ± 0.70 ng/mL (n = 15)]. No adjustment will be necessary to compare previous (1999-2004) to future (2011-2014) NHANES MMA data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina M. Mineva
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 30341; ; 770-488-4836
| | - Mindy Zhang
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 30341; ; 770-488-4836
| | - Daniel J. Rabinowitz
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 30341; ; 770-488-4836
| | - Karen W. Phinney
- Biomolecular Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899
| | - Christine M. Pfeiffer
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 30341; ; 770-488-4836
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Recent trends in the analysis of vitamin D and its metabolites in milk – A review. Food Chem 2015; 171:177-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.08.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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81
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Baldelli S, Cattaneo D, Fucile S, Clementi E. Lights and Shadows of the Actual European Guidelines on Bioanalytical Method Validation. Ther Drug Monit 2014; 36:739-45. [DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000000083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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82
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Vlčková H, El-Beqqali A, Nováková L, Solich P, Abdel-Rehim M. Determination of amphetamine and methadone in human urine by microextraction by packed sorbent coupled directly to mass spectrometry: an alternative for rapid clinical and forensic analysis. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:3306-13. [PMID: 25187252 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Speed and low cost, together with regulatory approval, are the most important requirements of clinical assays. Therefore, a fast and automated on-line sample preparation method is essential for the routine analysis of biological samples. Microextraction by packed sorbent is an option for optimal sample preparation due to its easy automation, minimal requirements for the sample and elution solvent volumes, elimination of evaporation and reconstitution steps, and ability to integrate sample preparation and injection into one step. The use of effective sample preparation steps circumvents the need for chromatographic separation and therefore allows more rapid and less expensive sample analysis in clinical and forensic practice. Two biologically active compounds, amphetamine and methadone, were chosen as representative drugs of abuse for the application of microextraction by packed sorbent coupled directly to mass spectrometry. The developed method was validated, with the results confirming the suitability of the combination of these techniques for the analysis of biological samples. The approach was confirmed to be appropriate for use in clinical and forensic practice with regard to cost and time requirements for analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Vlčková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University in Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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83
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Van den Bossche D, Peersman N, Desmet K, Vermeersch P, Pauwels S. Deproteination of whole blood for LC-MS/MS using paramagnetic micro-particles. Clin Biochem 2014; 47:112-5. [PMID: 25003796 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2014.06.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry has become increasingly popular in clinical laboratories over the last decade due to the inherent sensitivity and specificity of the technology. Nevertheless, full automation and hence application in routine laboratories is still hampered by laborious and difficult-to-automate sample pre-treatment protocols. Functionalized paramagnetic micro-particles could simplify sample pre-treatment and ease automation. We evaluated the applicability of a pre-commercial, straightforward paramagnetic micro-particle based kit for the lysis and deproteination of whole blood for the LC-MS/MS analysis of everolimus and compared the performance to our routine protein precipitation method. DESIGN AND METHODS Samples were prepared for LC-MS/MS everolimus analysis on an Acquity UPLC chromatographic system coupled to a TQD mass spectrometer (both Waters Ltd.) using a pre-commercial MagSi-TDMprep kit and a routine protein precipitation respectively. Both pre-treatment methods were validated for imprecision, accuracy, linearity, limit of quantification, matrix effect, recovery and process efficiency. A method comparison (n=63) between both pre-treatment methods was performed. RESULTS Imprecision and bias were within pre-defined criteria (15%) for both pre-treatment methods. Both methods were linear from 1.2 to 14.8μg/L with a limit of quantification of 0.6μg/L. Process efficiency was on average 65% for protein precipitation pre-treatment and was substantially higher for the MagSi-TDMprep method (85%). A Passing-Bablok regression showed no significant difference between the two pre-treatment methods. CONCLUSION For everolimus in whole blood, the MagSi-TDMprep sample pre-treatment was applicable and comparable to protein precipitation for LC-MS/MS with the possible advantage of easier automation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorien Van den Bossche
- Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nele Peersman
- Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Koen Desmet
- Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Vermeersch
- Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steven Pauwels
- Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Martin-Venegas R, Jáuregui O, Moreno JJ. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis of eicosanoids and related compounds in cell models. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 964:41-9. [PMID: 24932539 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme- and free radical-catalyzed oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) produces the eicosanoids, docosanoids and octadecanoids. This large family of potent bioactive lipids is involved in many biochemical and signaling pathways which are implicated in physiological and pathophysiological processes and can be viable therapeutic targets. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) offers selectivity, sensitivity, robustness and high resolution and is able to analyze a large number of eicosanoids in biological samples in a short time. The present article reviews and discusses reported LC-MS/MS methods and the results obtained from their application in cell models. Reliable analytical outcomes are critically important for understanding physiological and pathophysiological cellular processes, such as inflammation, diseases with inflammatory components (e.g., cardiovascular disease, diabetes, metabolic syndrome), as well as cancer. Reported findings obtained by using the LC-MS/MS methodology in cell systems may have important predictive as well as nutritional and pharmacological implications. We conclude that the LC-MS/MS methodology is a versatile and reliable analytical tool for the simultaneous analysis of multiple PUFA-derived metabolites including the eicosanoids in cell culture samples at concentrations on the pM/nM threshold, i.e. at baseline and after stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Martin-Venegas
- Departament de Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028-Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Jáuregui
- Centres Cientifics i Tecnologics (CCiTUB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028-Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Jose Moreno
- Departament de Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028-Barcelona, Spain.
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85
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86
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Baecher S, Kroiss M, Fassnacht M, Vogeser M. No endogenous ouabain is detectable in human plasma by ultra-sensitive UPLC-MS/MS. Clin Chim Acta 2014; 431:87-92. [PMID: 24508998 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2014.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 01/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of a binding site for cardiac glycosides, such as digitoxin and digoxin, in the sodium-potassium-ATPase, stimulated attempts to isolate endogenous cardiotonic steroids. Using immunoassays, clinical studies found the cardenolide ouabain to be secreted endogenously in response to exercise and untreated hypertension and to be correlated with severity of clinical conditions such as kidney failure and dilated cardiomyopathy. The assays used were not standardized and the mean concentrations of endogenous ouabain reported for healthy controls ranged from 60 to 530 pmol/l. None of these immunoassays is available any more. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a highly specific and reliable method for measurement of ouabain in human plasma based on isotope dilution liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (ID-LC-MS/MS). METHOD An ultra-sensitive and specific ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed which applied solid phase extraction of plasma for sample preparation. RESULTS The method was comprehensively validated and had a lower limit of quantification of 1.7 pmol/l. However, despite this very low detection limit ouabain was not observed in plasma samples from patients with and without heart failure. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that immunoassays previously used to quantify assumed endogenous ouabain detected compounds which are not structurally identical with ouabain. Cross reactivity of structurally related compounds of endogenous origin may cause these discrepancies between immunological and mass spectrometric analyses. Conclusive characterization of assumed endogenous counterparts of digoxin in a biomarker discovery approach seems to require distinct analytical techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Baecher
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Matthias Kroiss
- Department of Internal Medicine I and Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Strasse 6, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Fassnacht
- Department of Internal Medicine I and Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Strasse 6, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine IV, Hospital of the University of Munich, Ziemssenstr. 1, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Vogeser
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
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87
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Klein J, Buffin-Meyer B, Mullen W, Carty DM, Delles C, Vlahou A, Mischak H, Decramer S, Bascands JL, Schanstra JP. Clinical proteomics in obstetrics and neonatology. Expert Rev Proteomics 2014; 11:75-89. [PMID: 24404900 DOI: 10.1586/14789450.2014.872564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Clinical proteomics has been applied to the identification of biomarkers of obstetric and neonatal disease. We will discuss a number of encouraging studies that have led to potentially valid biomarkers in the context of Down's syndrome, preterm birth, amniotic infections, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction and obstructive uropathies. Obtaining noninvasive biomarkers (e.g., from the maternal circulation, urine or cervicovaginal fluid) may be more feasible for obstetric diseases than for diseases of the fetus, for which invasive methods are required (e.g., amniotic fluid, fetal urine). However, studies providing validated proteomics-identified biomarkers are limited. Efforts should be made to save well-characterized samples of these invasive body fluids so that many valid biomarkers of pregnancy-related diseases will be identified in the coming years using proteomics based analysis upon adoption of 'clinical proteomics guidelines'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Klein
- Mosaiques diagnostics & therapeutics, Hannover, Germany
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88
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Li XQ, Yang Z, Zhang QH, Li HM. Evaluation of matrix effect in isotope dilution mass spectrometry based on quantitative analysis of chloramphenicol residues in milk powder. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 807:75-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Revised: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
Currently, chromatography (GC but more commonly HPLC) is the analytical method of choice for several hormones, either because the immunoassays suffer from extensive crossreactivity or because chromatography permits simultaneous measurements of hormones. However, sometimes the conventional detection systems with HPLC methods do not meet desired specificity. With the increase of robust and affordable LC–MS/MS systems, the next step forward in specificity was taken. LC–MS/MS is rapidly being incorporated in the endocrine laboratories. To be useful in the clinical diagnostic practice, it is of utmost importance that methods are both analytically and clinically vaidated, as until now, the majority of applications of LC–MS/MS in the clinical laboratories are ‘home-made’ methods, therefore special case must be taken. This review aims to focus on Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute or comparable validated LC–MS/MS methods for targeted hormone analysis used for diagnostic purposes in human samples, published in the last 5 years.
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90
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Abro K, Memon N, Bhanger MI, Abro S, Perveen S, Lagharì AH. Determination of Vitamins E, D3, and K1 in Plasma by Liquid Chromatography-Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization-Mass Spectrometry Utilizing a Monolithic Column. ANAL LETT 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2013.831424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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91
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Leung KSY, Fong BMW. LC–MS/MS in the routine clinical laboratory: has its time come? Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 406:2289-301. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7542-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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92
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Li TX, Hu L, Zhang MM, Sun J, Qiu Y, Rui JQ, Yang XH. A sensitive UPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of eleven bioactive components of Tong-Xie-Yao-Fang decoction in rat biological matrices. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 944:90-100. [PMID: 24295908 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Revised: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing concern for the sensitive quantification of multiple components using advanced data acquisition method in herbal medicines (HMs). An improved and rugged UPLC-MS/MS method has been developed and validated for sensitive and rapid determination of multiply analytes from Tong-Xie-Yao-Fang (TXYF) decoction in three biological matrices (plasma/brain tissue/urine) using geniposide and formononetin as internal standards. After solid-phase extraction, chromatographic separation was performed on a C18 column using gradient elution. Quantifier and qualifier transitions were monitored using novel Triggered Dynamic multiple reaction monitoring (TdMRM) in the positive ionization mode. A significant peak symmetry and sensitivity improvement in the TdMRM mode was achieved as compared to conventional MRM. The reproducibility (RSD%) was ≤7.9% by applying TdMRM transition while the values were 6.8-20.6% for MRM. Excellent linear calibration curves were obtained under TdMRM transitions over the tested concentration ranges. Intra- and inter-day precisions (RSD%) were ≤14.2% and accuracies (RE%) ranged from -9.6% to 10.6%. The validation data of specificity, carryover, recovery, matrix effect and stability were within the required limits. The method was effectively applied to simultaneously detect and quantify 1 lactone, 2 monoterpene glucosides, 1 alkaloid, 5 flavonoids and 2 chromones in plasma, brain tissue and urine after oral administration of TXYF decoction. In conclusion, this new and reliable method is beneficial for quantification and confirmation assays of multiply components in complex biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-xue Li
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Jiangsu Key laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Lang Hu
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Jiangsu Key laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-meng Zhang
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Jiangsu Key laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Sun
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Jiangsu Key laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Qiu
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Jiangsu Key laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-qian Rui
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Jiangsu Key laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-hao Yang
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Jiangsu Key laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China.
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93
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Androgen glucuronides analysis by liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry: could it raise new perspectives in the diagnostic field of hormone-dependent malignancies? J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 940:24-34. [PMID: 24140653 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2013] [Revised: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Breast and prostate constitute organs of intense steroidogenic activity. Clinical and epidemiologic data provide strong evidence on the influence of androgens and estrogens on the risk of typical hormone-dependent malignancies, like breast and prostate cancer. Recent studies have focused on the role of androgen metabolites in regulating androgen concentrations in hormone-sensitive tissues. Steroid glucuronidation has been suggested to have a prominent role in controlling the levels and the biological activity of unconjugated androgens. It is well-established that serum levels of androgen glucuronides reflect androgen metabolism in androgen-sensitive tissues. Quantitative analysis of androgen metabolites in blood specimens is the only minimally invasive approach permitting an accurate estimate of the total pool of androgens. During the past years, androgen glucuronides analysis most often involved radioimmunoassays (RIA) or direct immunoassays, both methods bearing serious limitations. However, recent impressive technical advances in mass spectrometry, and particularly in high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), have overcome these drawbacks enabling the simultaneous, quantitative analysis of multiple steroids even at low concentrations. Blood androgen profiling by LC-MS/MS, a robust and reliable technique of high selectivity, sensitivity, specificity, precision and accuracy emerges as a promising new approach in the study of human pathology. The present review offers a contemporary insight in androgen glucuronides profiling through the application of LC-MS/MS, highlighting new perspectives in the study of steroids and their implication in hormone-dependent malignancies.
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Seger C, Sturm S, Stuppner H. Mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy: modern high-end detectors for high resolution separation techniques--state of the art in natural product HPLC-MS, HPLC-NMR, and CE-MS hyphenations. Nat Prod Rep 2013; 30:970-87. [PMID: 23739842 DOI: 10.1039/c3np70015a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Current natural product research is unthinkable without the use of high resolution separation techniques as high performance liquid chromatography or capillary electrophoresis (HPLC or CE respectively) combined with mass spectrometers (MS) or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometers. These hyphenated instrumental analysis platforms (CE-MS, HPLC-MS or HPLC-NMR) are valuable tools for natural product de novo identification, as well as the authentication, distribution, and quantification of constituents in biogenic raw materials, natural medicines and biological materials obtained from model organisms, animals and humans. Moreover, metabolic profiling and metabolic fingerprinting applications can be addressed as well as pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic issues. This review provides an overview of latest technological developments, discusses the assets and drawbacks of the available hyphenation techniques, and describes typical analytical workflows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Seger
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, CCB-Centrum of Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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95
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Teng L, Tang YB, Sun F, An SM, Zhang C, Yang XJ, Lv HY, Lu Q, Cui YY, Hu JJ, Zhu L, Chen HZ. Non-neuronal release of gamma-aminobutyric Acid by embryonic pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cells Dev 2013; 22:2944-53. [PMID: 23799822 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2013.0243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA), the principle inhibitory transmitter in the mature central nervous system, is also involved in activities outside the nervous system. Recent studies have shown that functional GABA receptors are expressed in embryonic stem (ES) cells and these receptors control ES cell proliferation. However, it is not clear whether ES cells have their own GABAergic transmission output machinery that can fulfill GABA release or whether the cells merely process the GABA receptors by receiving and responding to the diffused GABA released elsewhere. To get further insight into this unresolved problem, we detected the repertoire of components for GABA synthesis, storage, reaction, and termination in ES and embryonal carcinoma stem cells by biological assays, and then directly quantified released GABA in the intercellular milieu from these pluripotent stem (PS) cells by an analytical chemical assay based on high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS). We found that embryonic PS cells processed a GABAergic circuit machinery and spontaneously released GABA, which suggests the potential that embryonic PS cells could autonomously establish a GABA niche via release of the transmitter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Teng
- 1 Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai, China
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Fanelli F, Gambineri A, Mezzullo M, Vicennati V, Pelusi C, Pasquali R, Pagotto U. Revisiting hyper- and hypo-androgenism by tandem mass spectrometry. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2013; 14:185-205. [PMID: 23619762 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-013-9243-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Modern endocrinology is living a critical age of transition as far as laboratory testing and biochemical diagnosis are concerned. Novel liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assays for steroid measurement in biological fluids have abundantly demonstrated their analytical superiority over immunometric platforms that until now have dominated the world of steroid hormones determination in clinical laboratories. One of the most useful applications of LC-MS/MS is in the hypogonadism and hyperandrogenism field: LC-MS/MS has proved particularly suitable for the detection of low levels of testosterone typical of women and children, and in general more reliable in accurately determining hypogonadal male levels. This technique also offers increased informative power by allowing multi-analytical profiles that give a more comprehensive picture of the overall hormonal asset. Several LC-MS/MS methods for testosterone have been published in the last decade, some of them included other androgen or more comprehensive steroid profiles. LC-MS/MS offers the concrete possibility of achieving a definitive standardization of testosterone measurements and the generation of widely accepted reference intervals, that will set the basis for a consensus on the diagnostic value of biochemical testing. The present review is aimed at summarizing technological advancements in androgen measurements in serum and saliva. We also provide a picture of the state of advancement of standardization of testosterone assays, of the redefinition of androgen reference intervals by novel assays and of studies using LC-MS/MS for the characterization and diagnosis of female hyperandrogenism and male hypogonadism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flaminia Fanelli
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, and Center for Applied Biomedical Sciences, S.Orsola - Malpighi Hospital, University Alma Mater Studiorum, Via Massarenti 9, 40138, Bologna, Italy
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97
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Monaghan PJ, Keevil BG, Trainer PJ. The use of mass spectrometry to improve the diagnosis and the management of the HPA axis. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2013; 14:143-57. [PMID: 23494459 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-013-9240-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is becoming a standard analytical tool in the clinical laboratory for the measurement of small molecules, including steroid hormones. Endocrinologists are coming to acknowledge the superior quality of measurement that is achievable by LC-MS/MS through the enhanced analytical specificity and high sensitivity that this technique offers over conventional immunoassay (IA) methodologies. Additionally, LC-MS/MS overcomes many of the problems encountered in immunoassays, such as anti-reagent antibody interferences and cross-reactivity with structurally related compounds. The potential benefits of applying LC-MS/MS for the assessment of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis are beginning to be realised. This review critically evaluates recent developments in the application of LC-MS/MS for measurement of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids towards the diagnosis and management of HPA axis disorders and aims to address the current unmet need in this expanding field of endocrinology for which future studies into the potential applications of LC-MS/MS should be directed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip J Monaghan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
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98
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Božović A, Kulasingam V. Quantitative mass spectrometry-based assay development and validation: From small molecules to proteins. Clin Biochem 2013; 46:444-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Revised: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Mischak H, Vlahou A, Ioannidis JP. Technical aspects and inter-laboratory variability in native peptide profiling: The CE–MS experience. Clin Biochem 2013; 46:432-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Revised: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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100
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Liquid chromatographic methods for the quantification of catecholamines and their metabolites in several biological samples—A review. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 768:12-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Revised: 12/16/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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