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Transcriptome Analysis May Be Beneficial for Identification of Specific Pathways in Host Cell-Leishmania major Interactions(letter to editor). MEDICAL LABORATORY JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.52547/mlj.16.5.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
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Feng L, Zhong K, Majdi HS, Aallaei M, Andreevna Rushchitc A. Advanced computational study of different boron nitride-based nanospheres for removal of organic contaminants from wastewater system. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Singh T, Kaur P, Singh P, Singh S, Munshi A. Differential molecular mechanistic behavior of HDACs in cancer progression. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 39:171. [PMID: 35972597 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01770-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Genetic aberration including mutation in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes transforms normal cells into tumor cells. Epigenetic modifications work concertedly with genetic factors in controlling cancer development. Histone acetyltransferases (HATs), histone deacetylases (HDACs), DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and chromatin structure modifier are prospective epigenetic regulators. Specifically, HDACs are histone modifiers regulating the expression of genes implicated in cell survival, growth, apoptosis, and metabolism. The majority of HDACs are highly upregulated in cancer, whereas some have a varied function and expression in cancer progression. Distinct HDACs have a positive and negative role in controlling cancer progression. HDACs are also significantly involved in tumor cells acquiring metastatic and angiogenic potential in order to withstand the anti-tumor microenvironment. HDACs' role in modulating metabolic genes has also been associated with tumor development and survival. This review highlights and discusses the molecular mechanisms of HDACs by which they regulate cell survival, apoptosis, metastasis, invasion, stemness potential, angiogenesis, and epithelial to mesenchymal transitions (EMT) in tumor cells. HDACs are the potential target for anti-cancer drug development and various inhibitors have been developed and FDA approved for a variety of cancers. The primary HDAC inhibitors with proven anti-cancer efficacy have also been highlighted in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tashvinder Singh
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Prabhsimran Kaur
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | | | - Sandeep Singh
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India.
| | - Anjana Munshi
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India.
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Bukkuri A, Gatenby RA, Brown JS. GLUT1 production in cancer cells: a tragedy of the commons. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2022; 8:22. [PMID: 35768428 PMCID: PMC9243083 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-022-00229-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The tragedy of the commons occurs when competition among individual members of a group leads to overexploitation of a shared resource to the detriment of the overall population. We hypothesize that cancer cells may engage in a tragedy of the commons when competing for a shared resource such as glucose. To formalize this notion, we create a game theoretic model of glucose uptake based on a cell’s investment in transporters relative to that of its neighboring cells. We show that production of transporters per cell increases as the number of competing cells in a microenvironment increases and nutrient uptake per cell decreases. Furthermore, the greater the resource availability, the more intense the tragedy of the commons at the ESS. Based on our simulations, cancer cells produce 2.2–2.7 times more glucose transporters than would produce optimal fitness for all group members. A tragedy of the commons affords novel therapeutic strategies. By simulating GLUT1 inhibitor and glucose deprivation treatments, we demonstrate a synergistic combination with standard-of-care therapies, while also displaying the existence of a trade-off between competition among cancer cells and depression of their gain function. Assuming cancer cell transporter production is heritable, we then show the potential for a sucker’s gambit therapy by exploiting this trade-off. By strategically changing environmental conditions, we can take advantage of cellular competition and gain function depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuraag Bukkuri
- Cancer Biology and Evolution Program and Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA.
| | - Robert A Gatenby
- Cancer Biology and Evolution Program and Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA.,Department of Radiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Joel S Brown
- Cancer Biology and Evolution Program and Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
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Tan Y, Miao L, Xiao J, Cheang WS. 3,3′,4,5′-Tetramethoxy-trans-stilbene Improves Insulin Resistance by Activating the IRS/PI3K/Akt Pathway and Inhibiting Oxidative Stress. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:2175-2185. [PMID: 35678676 PMCID: PMC9164067 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44050147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential anti-diabetic effect of resveratrol derivative, 3,3′,4,5′-tetramethoxy-trans-stilbene (3,3′,4,5′-TMS) and its underlying mechanism in high glucose (HG) and dexamethasone (DXMS)-stimulated insulin-resistant HepG2 cells (IR-HepG2) were investigated. 3,3′,4,5′-TMS did not reduce the cell viability of IR-HepG2 cells at the concentrations of 0.5–10 µM. 3,3′,4,5′-TMS increased the potential of glucose consumption and glycogen synthesis in a concentration-dependent manner in IR-HepG2 cells. 3,3′,4,5′-TMS ameliorated insulin resistance by enhancing the phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β), inhibiting phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), and activating phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway in IR-HepG2 cells. Furthermore, 3,3′,4,5′-TMS significantly suppressed levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with up-regulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression. To conclude, the beneficial effect of 3,3′,4,5′-TMS against insulin resistance to increase glucose consumption and glycogen synthesis was mediated through activation of IRS/PI3K/Akt signaling pathways in the IR-HepG2 cells, accomplished with anti-oxidative activity through up-regulation of Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China; (Y.T.); (L.M.)
| | - Lingchao Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China; (Y.T.); (L.M.)
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.X.); (W.S.C.); Tel.: +853-8822-4914 (W.S.C.)
| | - Wai San Cheang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China; (Y.T.); (L.M.)
- Correspondence: (J.X.); (W.S.C.); Tel.: +853-8822-4914 (W.S.C.)
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Ghosh A, Ghosh AK, Chowdhury M, Das PK. Folic Acid-Functionalized Carbon Dot-Enabled Starvation Therapy in Synergism with Paclitaxel against Breast Cancer. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:2389-2402. [PMID: 35452214 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Glucose oxidase (GOx)-induced cancer starvation has recently emerged for halting the abnormal proliferation of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, monotherapy with GOx or a conventional chemotherapeutic displays suboptimal efficacy in eliminating tumors and poses impending risks to healthy tissues. To augment therapeutic efficacy and tumor selectivity, folic acid (FA)-functionalized carbon dots (CDs) embedded with GOx and paclitaxel (PTX) [FA-CD-(PTX-GOx)] was developed that showed the efficient killing of TNBC, MDA-MB-468 cells over noncancerous HEK 293 cells through synergistic effects of cancer starvation-induced oxidative stress and chemotherapy. The cargo-laden FA-CD complex resulted in a 4-8 fold increase in cancer cell death at 60 μg/mL when compared to standalone therapy with the native compounds and individually loaded cargo on FA-CD. This improved cancer cell killing efficacy of the FA-CD-(PTX-GOx) complex could be endorsed by folate receptor (FR)-mediated target-specific cellular internalization of the FA-CD complex. The antitumorigenic efficacy of the FA-CD-(PTX-GOx) complex was further validated in a three-dimensional (3D) breast tumor spheroid model. A significant 4.5-fold reduction in spheroid dimension along with antiproliferation was observed with time up to 72 h following exposure to the FA-CD-(PTX-GOx) complex. This antitumorigenic potential of FA-CD-(PTX-GOx) could be attributed to the enhanced intratumoral reactive oxygen species generation following glucose depletion by GOx that has been facilitated by the chemotherapeutic efficacy of PTX resulting in the efficient killing of cancer cells. The present study provides a novel strategy of FR-mediated fluorescent CD-enabled combined formulation of GOx and PTX for the target-specific superior killing of TNBC cells in the synergism of glucose starvation with chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparajita Ghosh
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Anup Kumar Ghosh
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Monalisa Chowdhury
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Prasanta Kumar Das
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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Understanding the Correlation between Metabolic Regulator SIRT1 and Exosomes with CA-125 in Ovarian Cancer: A Clinicopathological Study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:5346091. [PMID: 35496046 PMCID: PMC9053760 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5346091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer (OvCa), the deadliest gynaecological malignancy, is associated with poor prognosis and high mortality rate. Ovarian cancer has been related with CA-125 and metabolic reprogramming by SIRT1 leading to metastasis with the involvement of exosomes. Methods Clinicopathological data of OvCa patients were collected to perform the analysis. Patients' samples were collected during surgery for immunohistochemistry and flow cytometric analysis of SIRT1, HIF-1α, exosomal markers (CD81 and CD63), ki-67, and PAS staining for glycogen deposition. Adjacent normal and tumor tissues were collected as per the CA-125 levels. Results CA-125, a vital diagnostic marker, has shown significant correlation with body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.0153), tumor type (P = 0.0029), ascites level, ascites malignancy, degree of dissemination, tumor differentiation, FIGO stage, TNM stage, laterality, and tumor size at P < 0.0001. Since significant correlation was associated with BMI and degree of dissemination, as disclosed by IHC analysis, metabolic marker SIRT1 (P = 0.0003), HIF-1α (P < 0.0001), exosomal marker CD81 (P < 0.0001), ki-67 status (P = 0.0034), and glycogen deposition (P <0.0001) were expressed more in tumor tissues as compared to the normal ones. ROC analysis of CA-125 had shown 327.7 U/ml has the best cutoff point with 82.4% sensitivity and specificity of 52.3%. In addition, Kaplan-Meier plots of CA-125 (P < 0.0001), BMI (P = 0.001), degree of dissemination (P < 0.0001), and ascites level (P <0.0001) reflected significant correlation with overall survival (OS). Upon multivariate Cox-regression analysis for overall survival (OS), BMI (P = 0.008, HR 1.759, 95% CI 1.156-2.677), ascites malignancy (P = 0.032, HR 0.336, 95% CI 0.124-0.911), and degree of dissemination (P = 0.004, HR 1.994, 95% CI 1.251-3.178) were significant proving to be independent indicators of the disease. Conclusion Clinicopathological parameters like BMI, degree of dissemination, and ascites level along with CA-125 can be prognostic factors for the disease. Levels of CA-125 can depict the metabolic and metastatic factors. Thus, by targeting SIRT1 and assessing exosomal concentrations to overcome metastasis and glycogen deposition, individualized treatment strategy could be designed. In-depth studies are still required.
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Huang Z, Chavda VP, Vora LK, Gajjar N, Apostolopoulos V, Shah N, Chen ZS. 2-Deoxy-D-Glucose and its Derivatives for the COVID-19 Treatment: An Update. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:899633. [PMID: 35496298 PMCID: PMC9041304 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.899633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment choices for the “severe acute respiratory syndrome‐related coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2)” are inadequate, having no clarity on efficacy and safety profiles. Currently, no established intervention has lowered the mortality rate in the “coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19)” patients. Recently, 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) has evaluated as a polypharmacological agent for COVID-19 therapy owing to its influence on the glycolytic pathway, interaction with viral proteins, and anti-inflammatory action. In May 2020, the Indian drug regulatory authority approved 2-DG as an emergency adjunct therapy in mild to severe COVID-19 patients. Clinical studies of 2-DG corroborate that it aids in faster recovery of hospitalized patients and decreases supplemental oxygen. Herein, we describe the development process, synthesis, mechanism of viral eradication, and preclinical and clinical development of 2-DG and its derivatives as molecularly targeted therapeutics for COVID-19 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoufang Huang
- Department of Hematology, Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Vivek P. Chavda
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, L M College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, India
- *Correspondence: Vivek P. Chavda, ; Lalitkumar K. Vora, ; Zhe-Sheng Chen,
| | - Lalitkumar K. Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Vivek P. Chavda, ; Lalitkumar K. Vora, ; Zhe-Sheng Chen,
| | - Normi Gajjar
- PharmD Section, L.M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, India
| | | | - Nirav Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SAL Institute of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, New York City, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Vivek P. Chavda, ; Lalitkumar K. Vora, ; Zhe-Sheng Chen,
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Ishfaq M, Bashir N, Riaz SK, Manzoor S, Khan JS, Bibi Y, Sami R, Aljahani AH, Alharthy SA, Shahid R. Expression of HK2, PKM2, and PFKM Is Associated with Metastasis and Late Disease Onset in Breast Cancer Patients. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:549. [PMID: 35328104 PMCID: PMC8955648 DOI: 10.3390/genes13030549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The reprogramming of energy metabolism is one of the hallmarks of cancer and is crucial for tumor progression. Altered aerobic glycolysis is a well-known characteristic of cancer cell metabolism. In the present study, the expression profiles of key metabolic genes (HK2, PFKM, and PKM2) were assessed in the breast cancer cohort of Pakistan using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and IHC. Expression patterns were correlated with molecular subtypes and clinical parameters in the patients. A significant upregulation of key glycolytic genes was observed in tumor samples in comparison to their adjacent controls (p < 0.0001). The expression of the studied glycolytic genes was significantly increased in late clinical stages, positive nodal involvement, and distant metastasis (p < 0.05). HK2 and PKM2 were found to be upregulated in luminal B, whereas PFKM was overexpressed in the luminal A subtype of breast cancer. The genes were positively correlated with the proliferation marker Ki67 (p < 0.001). Moreover, moderate positive linear correlations between HK2 and PKM2 (r = 0.476), HK2 and PFKM (r = 0.473), and PKM2 and PFKM (r = 0.501) were also observed (p < 0.01). These findings validate that the key regulatory genes in glycolysis can serve as potential biomarkers and/or molecular targets for breast cancer management. However, the clinical significance of these molecules needs to be further validated through in vitro and in vivo experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehreen Ishfaq
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (M.I.); (N.B.)
| | - Nabiha Bashir
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (M.I.); (N.B.)
| | - Syeda Kiran Riaz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Shumaila Manzoor
- National Veterinary Lab, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Jahangir Sarwar Khan
- Department of General Surgery, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan;
| | - Yamin Bibi
- Department of Botany, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan;
| | - Rokayya Sami
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Amani H. Aljahani
- Department of Physical Sport Science, College of Education, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Saif A. Alharthy
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramla Shahid
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (M.I.); (N.B.)
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Oxygen consumption and acid secretion in isolated gas gland cells of the European eel Anguilla anguilla. J Comp Physiol B 2022; 192:447-457. [PMID: 35289381 PMCID: PMC9197889 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-022-01432-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Swimbladder gas gland cells are known to produce lactic acid required for the acidification of swimbladder blood and decreasing the oxygen carrying capacity of swimbladder blood, i.e., the onset of the Root effect. Gas gland cells have also been shown to metabolize glucose via the pentose phosphate shunt, but the role of the pentose phosphate shunt for acid secretion has not yet been evaluated. Similarly, aerobic metabolism of gas gland cells has been largely neglected so far. In the present study, we therefore simultaneously assessed the role of glycolysis and of the pentose phosphate shunt for acid secretion and recorded oxygen consumption of isolated swimbladder gas gland cells of the European eel. Presence of glucose was essential for acid secretion, and at glucose concentrations of about 1.5 mmol l−1 acid secretion of gas gland cells reached a maximum, indicating that glucose concentrations in swimbladder blood should not be limiting acid production and secretion under physiological conditions. The data revealed that most of the acid was produced in the glycolytic pathway, but a significant fraction was also contributed by the pentose phosphate shunt. Addition of glucose to gas gland cells incubated in a glucose-free medium resulted in a reduction of oxygen uptake. Inhibition of mitochondrial respiration significantly reduced oxygen consumption, but a fraction of mitochondria-independent respiration remained in presence of rotenone and antimycin A. In the presence of glucose, application of either iodo-acetate inhibiting glycolysis or 6-AN inhibiting the pentose phosphate shunt did not significantly affect oxygen uptake, indicating an independent regulation of oxidative phosphorylation and of acid production. Inhibition of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor caused a slight elevation in acid secretion, while forskolin caused a concentration-dependent reduction in acid secretion, indicating muscarinic and c-AMP-dependent control of acid secretion in gas gland cells.
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Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts: Mechanisms of Tumor Progression and Novel Therapeutic Targets. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051231. [PMID: 35267539 PMCID: PMC8909913 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The tumor microenvironment plays an important role in determining the biological behavior of several of the more aggressive malignancies. Among the various cell types evident in the tumor “field”, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a heterogenous collection of activated fibroblasts secreting a wide repertoire of factors that regulate tumor development and progression, inflammation, drug resistance, metastasis and recurrence. Insensitivity to chemotherapeutics and metastatic spread are the major contributors to cancer patient mortality. This review discusses the complex interactions between CAFs and the various populations of normal and neoplastic cells that interact within the dynamic confines of the tumor microenvironment with a focus on the involved pathways and genes. Abstract Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a heterogenous population of stromal cells found in solid malignancies that coexist with the growing tumor mass and other immune/nonimmune cellular elements. In certain neoplasms (e.g., desmoplastic tumors), CAFs are the prominent mesenchymal cell type in the tumor microenvironment, where their presence and abundance signal a poor prognosis in multiple cancers. CAFs play a major role in the progression of various malignancies by remodeling the supporting stromal matrix into a dense, fibrotic structure while secreting factors that lead to the acquisition of cancer stem-like characteristics and promoting tumor cell survival, reduced sensitivity to chemotherapeutics, aggressive growth and metastasis. Tumors with high stromal fibrotic signatures are more likely to be associated with drug resistance and eventual relapse. Clarifying the molecular basis for such multidirectional crosstalk among the various normal and neoplastic cell types present in the tumor microenvironment may yield novel targets and new opportunities for therapeutic intervention. This review highlights the most recent concepts regarding the complexity of CAF biology including CAF heterogeneity, functionality in drug resistance, contribution to a progressively fibrotic tumor stroma, the involved signaling pathways and the participating genes.
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Kandasamy T, Sen P, Ghosh S. Multi-targeted drug repurposing approach for breast cancer via integrated functional network analysis. Mol Inform 2022; 41:e2100300. [PMID: 35195941 DOI: 10.1002/minf.202100300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The present study focuses on the interconnected functional network of altered metabolism and EMT (epithelial to mesenchymal transition) signaling in breast cancer. We have interlinked the metabolic and EMT signaling circuits and selected Insulin receptor (IR), Integrin beta 1 (ITGB1), and CD36 as target proteins based on network analysis. Extensive computational approaches discerned the potential drug molecules from the library of 1293 FDA-approved drugs to block all three target proteins. Using molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and MMPBSA binding free energy studies, Capmatinib, Ponatinib, Naldemedine, and Pimozide were identified as potential repurposed drugs to block the function of all three target proteins. Among in silico selected candidate drugs, Pimozide, a known anti-psychotic drug, was further validated using in-vitro studies for its anti-cell proliferative potential on breast cancer cell lines (namely, MCF7, MDAMB231 and MDAMB468). The inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of MCF7, MDAMB231 and MDAMB468 was found to be 16.26 µM, 20.82 µM and 13.10 µM, respectively. The effect of Pimozide on EMT-induced MDAMB231 and MDAMB468 cells was evident from their IC50 values of 7.85 µM and 6.83 µM, respectively. The potent anti-cancer property of Pimozide has opened up avenues for drug repurposing towards 'multi-targeted therapy' in EMT dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thirukumaran Kandasamy
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, INDIA
| | - Plaboni Sen
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, INDIA
| | - Siddhartha Ghosh
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, INDIA
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PI3K-AKT Pathway Modulation by Thymoquinone Limits Tumor Growth and Glycolytic Metabolism in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042305. [PMID: 35216429 PMCID: PMC8880628 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of death in men and the fourth in women worldwide and is characterized by deranged cellular energetics. Thymoquinone, an active component from Nigella sativa, has been extensively studied against cancer, however, its role in affecting deregulated cancer metabolism is largely unknown. Further, the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway is one of the most activated pathways in cancer and its activation is central to most deregulated metabolic pathways for supporting the anabolic needs of growing cancer cells. Herein, we provide evidence that thymoquinone inhibits glycolytic metabolism (Warburg effect) in colorectal cancer cell lines. Further, we show that such an abrogation of deranged cell metabolism was due, at least in part, to the inhibition of the rate-limiting glycolytic enzyme, Hexokinase 2 (HK2), via modulating the PI3/AKT axis. While overexpression of HK2 showed that it is essential for fueling glycolytic metabolism as well as sustaining tumorigenicity, its pharmacologic and/or genetic inhibition led to a reduction in the observed effects. The results decipher HK2 mediated inhibitory effects of thymoquinone in modulating its glycolytic metabolism and antitumor effects. In conclusion, we provide evidence of metabolic perturbation by thymoquinone in CRC cells, highlighting its potential to be used/repurposed as an antimetabolite drug, though the latter needs further validation utilizing other suitable cell and/or preclinical animal models.
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Tripathi V, Jaiswal P, Assaiya A, Kumar J, Parmar HS. Anti-Cancer Effects of 5-Aminoimidazole-4-Carboxamide-1-β-D-Ribofuranoside (AICAR) on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) Cells: Mitochondrial Modulation may be an Underlying Mechanism. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2022; 22:245-256. [PMID: 35135451 DOI: 10.2174/1568009622666220207101212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is known for Warburg-metabolism and defects in the mitochondria. AMP-dependent kinase (AMPK) activates the downstream transcription factors PGC-1α, PGC-1β, or FOXO1 which participate in mitochondrial biogenesis. 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside (AICAR) is an analog of adenosine monophosphate and is a direct activator of AMPK. OBJECTIVES In the present study, we attempt to understand the influence of AICAR on TNBC cells MDA-MB-231 and the underlying changes in mitochondrial biogenesis, if any. METHODS We investigated AICAR induced changes in cell viability, apoptosis, migratory potential, and changes in the sensitivity of doxorubicin. RESULTS In response to the treatment of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells with 750 µM of AICAR for 72 hours, followed by 48 hours in fresh media without AICAR, we observed a decrease in viability via MTT assay, reduction in cell numbers along with the apoptotic appearance, increased cell death by ELISA, decreased lactate in conditioned medium and decrease in migration by scratch and transwell migration assays. These changes in the cancer phenotype were accompanied by an increase in mitochondrial biogenesis, as observed by increased mitochondrial DNA to nuclear DNA ratio, a decrease in lactic acid concentration, increase in mitotracker green and red staining, and increased expression of transcription factors PGC-1α, NRF-1, NRF-2, and TFAM that contribute in mitochondrial biogenesis. Pre-treatment of cells with AICAR for 72 hours followed by 48 hours treatment with 1 µM doxorubicin showed an increased sensitivity to doxorubicin as assessed by MTT assay. CONCLUSION Our results show that AICAR exerts beneficial effects on TNBC cells possibly via switching off the Warburg metabolism and switching on the anti-Warburg metabolism through mitochondrial modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Versha Tripathi
- School of Biotechnology, Devi Ahilya University, Indore-452001. M.P., India
| | - Pooja Jaiswal
- School of Biotechnology, Devi Ahilya University, Indore-452001. M.P., India
| | - Anshul Assaiya
- Laboratory of Membrane Protein Biology, National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, S. P. Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
| | - Janesh Kumar
- Laboratory of Membrane Protein Biology, National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, S. P. Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
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Leelavathi H, Muralidharan R, Abirami N, Tamizharasan S, Kumarasamy A, Arulmozhi R. Exploration of ZnO decorated g-C3N4 amphiphilic anticancer drugs for antiproliferative activity against human cervical cancer. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Galindo CM, Oliveira Ganzella FAD, Klassen G, Souza Ramos EAD, Acco A. Nuances of PFKFB3 signaling in breast cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 2022; 22:e604-e614. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Lešnik S, Bren U. Mechanistic Insights into Biological Activities of Polyphenolic Compounds from Rosemary Obtained by Inverse Molecular Docking. Foods 2021; 11:67. [PMID: 35010191 PMCID: PMC8750736 DOI: 10.3390/foods11010067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) represents a medicinal plant known for its various health-promoting properties. Its extracts and essential oils exhibit antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic, and antimicrobial activities. The main compounds responsible for these effects are the diterpenes carnosic acid, carnosol, and rosmanol, as well as the phenolic acid ester rosmarinic acid. However, surprisingly little is known about the molecular mechanisms responsible for the pharmacological activities of rosemary and its compounds. To discern these mechanisms, we performed a large-scale inverse molecular docking study to identify their potential protein targets. Listed compounds were separately docked into predicted binding sites of all non-redundant holo proteins from the Protein Data Bank and those with the top scores were further examined. We focused on proteins directly related to human health, including human and mammalian proteins as well as proteins from pathogenic bacteria, viruses, and parasites. The observed interactions of rosemary compounds indeed confirm the beforementioned activities, whereas we also identified their potential for anticoagulant and antiparasitic actions. The obtained results were carefully checked against the existing experimental findings from the scientific literature as well as further validated using both redocking procedures and retrospective metrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samo Lešnik
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Thermodynamics, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
| | - Urban Bren
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Thermodynamics, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
- Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Glagoljaška 8, SI-6000 Koper, Slovenia
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Rasuleva K, Elamurugan S, Bauer A, Khan M, Wen Q, Li Z, Steen P, Guo A, Xia W, Mathew S, Jansen R, Sun D. β-Sheet Richness of the Circulating Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Noninvasive Pancreatic Cancer Screening. ACS Sens 2021; 6:4489-4498. [PMID: 34846848 PMCID: PMC8715533 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c02022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Tumor-derived extracellular
vesicles (EVs) are under intensive
study for their potential as noninvasive diagnosis biomarkers. Most
EV-based cancer diagnostic assays trace supernumerary of a single
cancer-associated marker or marker signatures. These types of biomarker
assays are either subtype-specific or vulnerable to be masked by high
background signals. In this study, we introduce using the β-sheet
richness (BR) of the tumor-derived EVs as an effective way to discriminate
EVs originating from malignant and nonmalignant cells, where EV contents
are evaluated as a collective attribute rather than single factors.
Circular dichroism, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, fluorescence
staining assays, and a de novo workflow combining proteomics, bioinformatics,
and protein folding simulations were employed to validate the collective
attribute at both cellular and EV levels. Based on the BR of the tumorous
EVs, we integrated immunoprecipitation and fluorescence labeling targeting
the circulating tumor-derived EVs in serum and developed the process
into a clinical assay, named EvIPThT. The assay can distinguish patients
with and without malignant disease in a pilot cohort, with weak correlations
to prognosis biomarkers, suggesting the potential for a cancer screening
panel with existing prognostic biomarkers to improve overall performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komila Rasuleva
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Dakota State University, 1411 Centennial Blvd., 101S, Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
| | - Santhalingam Elamurugan
- Biomedical Engineering Program, North Dakota State University, 1401 Centennial Blvd, Engineering Administration, Room 203, Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
| | - Aaron Bauer
- Biomedical Engineering Program, North Dakota State University, 1401 Centennial Blvd, Engineering Administration, Room 203, Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
| | - Mdrakibhasan Khan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Dakota State University, 1411 Centennial Blvd., 101S, Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
| | - Qian Wen
- Department of Statistics, North Dakota State University, 1230 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
| | - Zhaofan Li
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, North Dakota State University, 1410 North 14th Avenue, CIE 201, Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
| | - Preston Steen
- Sanford Roger Maris Cancer Center, 820 4th Street N, Fargo, North Dakota 58122, United States
| | - Ang Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, 1401 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
| | - Wenjie Xia
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, North Dakota State University, 1410 North 14th Avenue, CIE 201, Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
| | - Sijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, 1401 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
| | - Rick Jansen
- Department of Public Health, North Dakota State University, 1455 14th Ave N, Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
- Genomics and Bioinformatics Program, North Dakota State University, 1230 161/2 Street North, Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
| | - Dali Sun
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Dakota State University, 1411 Centennial Blvd., 101S, Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
- Biomedical Engineering Program, North Dakota State University, 1401 Centennial Blvd, Engineering Administration, Room 203, Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
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Duraj T, Carrión-Navarro J, Seyfried TN, García-Romero N, Ayuso-Sacido A. Metabolic therapy and bioenergetic analysis: The missing piece of the puzzle. Mol Metab 2021; 54:101389. [PMID: 34749013 PMCID: PMC8637646 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant metabolism is recognized as a hallmark of cancer, a pillar necessary for cellular proliferation. Regarding bioenergetics (ATP generation), most cancers display a preference not only toward aerobic glycolysis ("Warburg effect") and glutaminolysis (mitochondrial substrate level-phosphorylation) but also toward other metabolites such as lactate, pyruvate, and fat-derived sources. These secondary metabolites can assist in proliferation but cannot fully cover ATP demands. SCOPE OF REVIEW The concept of a static metabolic profile is challenged by instances of heterogeneity and flexibility to meet fuel/anaplerotic demands. Although metabolic therapies are a promising tool to improve therapeutic outcomes, either via pharmacological targets or press-pulse interventions, metabolic plasticity is rarely considered. Lack of bioenergetic analysis in vitro and patient-derived models is hindering translational potential. Here, we review the bioenergetics of cancer and propose a simple analysis of major metabolic pathways, encompassing both affordable and advanced techniques. A comprehensive compendium of Seahorse XF bioenergetic measurements is presented for the first time. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Standardization of principal readouts might help researchers to collect a complete metabolic picture of cancer using the most appropriate methods depending on the sample of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomás Duraj
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Applied Molecular Medicine (IMMA), CEU San Pablo University, 28668, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Josefa Carrión-Navarro
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223, Madrid, Spain; Brain Tumor Laboratory, Fundación Vithas, Grupo Hospitales Vithas, 28043, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Thomas N Seyfried
- Biology Department, Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Ave, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA.
| | - Noemí García-Romero
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223, Madrid, Spain; Brain Tumor Laboratory, Fundación Vithas, Grupo Hospitales Vithas, 28043, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Angel Ayuso-Sacido
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223, Madrid, Spain; Brain Tumor Laboratory, Fundación Vithas, Grupo Hospitales Vithas, 28043, Madrid, Spain; Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223, Madrid, Spain.
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King J, Patel M, Chandrasekaran S. Metabolism, HDACs, and HDAC Inhibitors: A Systems Biology Perspective. Metabolites 2021; 11:792. [PMID: 34822450 PMCID: PMC8620738 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11110792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are epigenetic enzymes that play a central role in gene regulation and are sensitive to the metabolic state of the cell. The cross talk between metabolism and histone acetylation impacts numerous biological processes including development and immune function. HDAC inhibitors are being explored for treating cancers, viral infections, inflammation, neurodegenerative diseases, and metabolic disorders. However, how HDAC inhibitors impact cellular metabolism and how metabolism influences their potency is unclear. Discussed herein are recent applications and future potential of systems biology methods such as high throughput drug screens, cancer cell line profiling, single cell sequencing, proteomics, metabolomics, and computational modeling to uncover the interplay between metabolism, HDACs, and HDAC inhibitors. The synthesis of new systems technologies can ultimately help identify epigenomic and metabolic biomarkers for patient stratification and the design of effective therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob King
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (J.K.); (M.P.)
| | - Maya Patel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (J.K.); (M.P.)
| | - Sriram Chandrasekaran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (J.K.); (M.P.)
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Vesga LC, Silva AMP, Bernal CC, Mendez-Sánchez SC, Romero Bohórquez AR. Tetrahydroquinoline/4,5-dihydroisoxazole hybrids with a remarkable effect over mitochondrial bioenergetic metabolism on melanoma cell line B16F10. Med Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-021-02796-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Debras C, Chazelas E, Srour B, Julia C, Kesse-Guyot E, Zelek L, Agaësse C, Druesne-Pecollo N, Andreeva VA, Galan P, Hercberg S, Latino-Martel P, Deschasaux-Tanguy M, Touvier M. Glycaemic index, glycaemic load and cancer risk: results from the prospective NutriNet-Santé cohort. Int J Epidemiol 2021; 51:250-264. [PMID: 34491326 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyab169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence is accumulating that high dietary glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic load (GL) are potential risk factors for several metabolic disorders (e.g. type-2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases), but remains limited concerning cancer risk. Although, mechanistic data suggest that consuming high-GI foods may contribute to carcinogenesis through elevated blood glucose levels, insulin resistance or obesity-related mechanisms. Our objective was to study the associations between dietary GI/GL and cancer. METHODS In total, 103 020 French adults (median age = 40.2 years) from the NutriNet-Santé cohort (2009-2020) with no cancer or diabetes at baseline were included (705 137 person-years, median follow-up time = 7.7 years). Repeated 24-h dietary records linked with a detailed food-composition table (>3500 food/beverage items). We computed the average dietary GI and GL at the individual level. Associations between GI, GL, contribution of low- and medium/high-GI foods to energy and carbohydrate intake and cancer risk (overall, breast, prostate and colorectal) were assessed using multivariable Cox proportional-hazard models. RESULTS Higher dietary GL was associated with higher overall cancer risk [n = 3131 cases, hazard ratios (HRs) for sex-specific quintile 5 vs 1 = 1.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03-1.52; Ptrend = 0.008] and specifically postmenopausal breast cancer (n = 924, HRQ5vs.Q1 = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.06-2.55; Ptrend = 0.03). A higher contribution of low-GI food/beverages to energy intake was associated with lower cancer risk whereas a higher contribution of medium/high-GI items to energy intake was positively associated with higher risk of overall, breast and postmenopausal breast cancers (Ptrend ≤ 0.02). CONCLUSIONS These results support a possible impact of GI/GL on cancer risk. If confirmed in other populations and settings, dietary GI/GL could be considered as modifiable risk factors for primary cancer prevention. TRIAL REGISTRATION https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03335644.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Debras
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center-University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Eloi Chazelas
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center-University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Bernard Srour
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center-University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Chantal Julia
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center-University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France.,Public Health Department, Avicenne Hospital, AP-HP, Bobigny, France
| | - Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center-University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Laurent Zelek
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center-University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France.,Oncology Department, Avicenne Hospital, AP-HP, Bobigny, France
| | - Cédric Agaësse
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center-University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Nathalie Druesne-Pecollo
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center-University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Valentina A Andreeva
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center-University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Pilar Galan
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center-University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Serge Hercberg
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center-University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France.,Public Health Department, Avicenne Hospital, AP-HP, Bobigny, France
| | - Paule Latino-Martel
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center-University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Mélanie Deschasaux-Tanguy
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center-University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Mathilde Touvier
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center-University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
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Normalizing Tumor Vasculature to Reduce Hypoxia, Enhance Perfusion, and Optimize Therapy Uptake. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174444. [PMID: 34503254 PMCID: PMC8431369 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In order for solid tumors to grow, they need to develop new blood vessels in order to support their increasing metabolic requirements. To facilitate the novel vessel formation, the tumor initiates an aggressive pro-angiogenic program. As a result of the aggressive angiogenesis, blood vessels form very rapidly and are often malformed and dysfunctional. There is a reduction in perfusion to the tumor, and often the tumors exhibit significant areas of tumor hypoxia. This review paper discusses the pro-tumorigenic environment induced by tumor hypoxia and how this can be targeted through normalization of the tumor vasculature. Here, we review tumor angiogenesis, the development of a hypoxic phenotype, and how this contributes to sustained tumorigenesis and resistance to therapy. We further discuss the potential of vascular normalization to reduce tumor hypoxia and facilitate uptake and efficacy of a variety of therapies. Abstract A basic requirement of tumorigenesis is the development of a vascular network to support the metabolic requirements of tumor growth and metastasis. Tumor vascular formation is regulated by a balance between promoters and inhibitors of angiogenesis. Typically, the pro-angiogenic environment created by the tumor is extremely aggressive, resulting in the rapid vessel formation with abnormal, dysfunctional morphology. The altered morphology and function of tumor blood and lymphatic vessels has numerous implications including poor perfusion, tissue hypoxia, and reduced therapy uptake. Targeting tumor angiogenesis as a therapeutic approach has been pursued in a host of different cancers. Although some preclinical success was seen, there has been a general lack of clinical success with traditional anti-angiogenic therapeutics as single agents. Typically, following anti-angiogenic therapy, there is remodeling of the tumor microenvironment and widespread tumor hypoxia, which is associated with development of therapy resistance. A more comprehensive understanding of the biology of tumor angiogenesis and insights into new clinical approaches, including combinations with immunotherapy, are needed to advance vascular targeting as a therapeutic area.
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Pulit-Prociak J, Staroń A, Długosz O, Kluz K, Banach M. Preparation of Titanium Oxide-Based Nanoparticles Modified with D-(+)-Mannose and Investigation of their Properties As A Potential Drug Carrier. J CLUST SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-020-01889-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AbstractTitanium oxide nanoparticles modified with D-(+)-mannose were obtained. In the process of their formation, they were conjugated with an active substance (tadalafil). The physicochemical properties of the obtained products were assessed, and the size and electrokinetic potential were determined using a dynamic light scattering technique. X-ray diffractometry was applied in order to define the crystalline properties, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy was used to confirm the formation of the desired products. It was possible to obtain TiO2 coated with D-(+)-mannose. The average size of nanoparticles was between 230 and 268 nm. The release of the active substance from the product over a time period of three hours was assessed against the reference material, which was not modified by D-(+)-mannose. The results indicate that covering titanium oxide nanoparticles with the modifying substance favours a slower rate of release for the active substance, which is the desired effect from a pharmacological point of view. The releasing of active substance from modified products was even 68% slower than that from the reference product. These modified titanium oxides are promising materials that may have found an application as drug carriers.
Graphic Abstract
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Kubicka A, Matczak K, Łabieniec-Watała M. More Than Meets the Eye Regarding Cancer Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9507. [PMID: 34502416 PMCID: PMC8430985 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In spite of the continuous improvement in our knowledge of the nature of cancer, the causes of its formation and the development of new treatment methods, our knowledge is still incomplete. A key issue is the difference in metabolism between normal and cancer cells. The features that distinguish cancer cells from normal cells are the increased proliferation and abnormal differentiation and maturation of these cells, which are due to regulatory changes in the emerging tumour. Normal cells use oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in the mitochondrion as a major source of energy during division. During OXPHOS, there are 36 ATP molecules produced from one molecule of glucose, in contrast to glycolysis which provides an ATP supply of only two molecules. Although aerobic glucose metabolism is more efficient, metabolism based on intensive glycolysis provides intermediate metabolites necessary for the synthesis of nucleic acids, proteins and lipids, which are in constant high demand due to the intense cell division in cancer. This is the main reason why the cancer cell does not "give up" on glycolysis despite the high demand for energy in the form of ATP. One of the evolving trends in the development of anti-cancer therapies is to exploit differences in the metabolism of normal cells and cancer cells. Currently constructed therapies, based on cell metabolism, focus on the attempt to reprogram the metabolic pathways of the cell in such a manner that it becomes possible to stop unrestrained proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kubicka
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Institute of Biophysics, University of Lodz, Pomorska Street 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Lodz, Banacha Street 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Karolina Matczak
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Institute of Biophysics, University of Lodz, Pomorska Street 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Łabieniec-Watała
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Institute of Biophysics, University of Lodz, Pomorska Street 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
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Yadav P, Jain J, Sherje AP. Recent advances in nanocarriers-based drug delivery for cancer therapeutics: A review. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2021.104970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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77
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Endicott M, Jones M, Hull J. Amino acid metabolism as a therapeutic target in cancer: a review. Amino Acids 2021; 53:1169-1179. [PMID: 34292410 PMCID: PMC8325646 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-021-03052-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Malignant cells often demonstrate a proliferative advantage when compared to non-malignant cells. However, the rapid growth and metabolism required for survival can also highlight vulnerabilities specific to these malignant cells. One such vulnerability exhibited by cancer is an increased demand for amino acids (AAs), which often results in a dependency on exogenous sources of AAs or requires upregulation of de novo synthesis. These metabolic alterations can be exploited by therapy, which aims to improve treatment outcome and decrease relapse and reoccurrence. One clinically utilised strategy targeting AA dependency is the use of asparaginase in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), which results in a depletion of exogenous asparagine and subsequent cancer cell death. Examples of other successful strategies include the exploitation of arginine deiminase and methioninase, nutrient restriction of methionine and the inhibition of glutaminase. In this review, we summarise these treatment strategies into three promising avenues: AA restriction, enzymatic depletion and inhibition of metabolism. This review provides an insight into the complexity of metabolism in cancer, whilst highlighting these three current research avenues that have support in both preclinical and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Endicott
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK
| | - Michael Jones
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK
| | - Jonathon Hull
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK.
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Metformin-induced ROS upregulation as amplified by apigenin causes profound anticancer activity while sparing normal cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14002. [PMID: 34234193 PMCID: PMC8263563 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93270-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metformin increased cellular ROS levels in AsPC-1 pancreatic cancer cells, with minimal effect in HDF, human primary dermal fibroblasts. Metformin reduced cellular ATP levels in HDF, but not in AsPC-1 cells. Metformin increased AMPK, p-AMPK (Thr172), FOXO3a, p-FOXO3a (Ser413), and MnSOD levels in HDF, but not in AsPC-1 cells. p-AMPK and p-FOXO3a also translocated from the cytosol to the nucleus by metformin in HDF, but not in AsPC-1 cells. Transfection of si-FOXO3a in HDF increased ROS levels, while wt-FOXO3a-transfected AsPC-1 cells decreased ROS levels. Metformin combined with apigenin increased ROS levels dramatically and decreased cell viability in various cancer cells including AsPC-1 cells, with each drug used singly having a minimal effect. Metformin/apigenin combination synergistically decreased mitochondrial membrane potential in AsPC-1 cells but to a lesser extent in HDF cells. Metformin/apigenin combination in AsPC-1 cells increased DNA damage-, apoptosis-, autophagy- and necroptosis-related factors, but not in HDF cells. Oral administration with metformin/apigenin caused dramatic blocks tumor size in AsPC-1-xenografted nude mice. Our results suggest that metformin in cancer cells differentially regulates cellular ROS levels via AMPK-FOXO3a-MnSOD pathway and combination of metformin/apigenin exerts anticancer activity through DNA damage-induced apoptosis, autophagy and necroptosis by cancer cell-specific ROS amplification.
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79
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Holloway RW, Marignani PA. Targeting mTOR and Glycolysis in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2922. [PMID: 34208071 PMCID: PMC8230691 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13122922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Up to one third of all breast cancers are classified as the aggressive HER2-positive subtype, which is associated with a higher risk of recurrence compared to HER2-negative breast cancers. The HER2 hyperactivity associated with this subtype drives tumor growth by up-regulation of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway activity and a metabolic shift to glycolysis. Although inhibitors targeting the HER2 receptor have been successful in treating HER2-positive breast cancer, anti-HER2 therapy is associated with a high risk of recurrence and drug resistance due to stimulation of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway and glycolysis. Combination therapies against HER2 with inhibition of mTOR improve clinical outcomes compared to HER2 inhibition alone. Here, we review the role of the HER2 receptor, mTOR pathway, and glycolysis in HER2-positive breast cancer, along with signaling mechanisms and the efficacy of treatment strategies of HER2-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paola A. Marignani
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada;
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80
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Wong KC, Sankaran S, Jayapalan JJ, Subramanian P, Abdul-Rahman PS. Melatonin improves cognitive behavior, oxidative stress, and metabolism in tumor-prone lethal giant larvae mutant of Drosophila melanogaster. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 107:e21785. [PMID: 33818826 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mutant lethal giant larvae (lgl) flies (Drosophila melanogaster) are known to develop epithelial tumors with invasive characteristics. The present study has been conducted to investigate the influence of melatonin (0.025 mM) on behavioral responses of lgl mutant flies as well as on biochemical indices (redox homeostasis, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, transaminases, and minerals) in hemolymph, and head and intestinal tissues. Behavioral abnormalities were quantitatively observed in lgl flies but were found normalized among melatonin-treated lgl flies. Significantly decreased levels of lipid peroxidation products and antioxidants involved in redox homeostasis were observed in hemolymph and tissues of lgl flies, but had restored close to normalcy in melatonin-treated flies. Carbohydrates including glucose, trehalose, and glycogen were decreased and increased in the hemolymph and tissues of lgl and melatonin-treated lgl flies, respectively. Key enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism showed a significant increment in their levels in lgl mutants but had restored close to wild-type baseline levels in melatonin-treated flies. Variables of lipid metabolism showed significantly inverse levels in hemolymph and tissues of lgl flies, while normalization of most of these variables was observed in melatonin-treated mutants. Lipase, chitinase, transaminases, and alkaline phosphatase showed an increment in their activities and minerals exhibited decrement in lgl flies; reversal of changes was observed under melatonin treatment. The impairment of cognition, disturbance of redox homeostasis and metabolic reprogramming in lgl flies, and restoration of normalcy in all these cellular and behavioral processes indicate that melatonin could act as oncostatic and cytoprotective agents in Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kar-Cheng Wong
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Srivani Sankaran
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jaime J Jayapalan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- University of Malaya Centre for Proteomics Research (UMCPR), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Perumal Subramanian
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Puteri S Abdul-Rahman
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- University of Malaya Centre for Proteomics Research (UMCPR), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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81
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Asl ER, Amini M, Najafi S, Mansoori B, Mokhtarzadeh A, Mohammadi A, Lotfinejad P, Bagheri M, Shirjang S, Lotfi Z, Rasmi Y, Baradaran B. Interplay between MAPK/ERK signaling pathway and MicroRNAs: A crucial mechanism regulating cancer cell metabolism and tumor progression. Life Sci 2021; 278:119499. [PMID: 33865878 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal transduction, as a highly conserved signaling pathway, is reported to be involved in various biological events, including metabolic reprogramming, cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation. Mutations in key molecules involved in MAPK/ERK signaling and dysregulation of this pathway are very common events in various human malignancies, which make the MAPK signaling a crucial signaling pathway participating in the regulation of glucose uptake by malignant cells and tumorigenesis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), as small non-coding RNAs, are critical regulators of gene expression that play key roles in cancer initiation and progression. On the other hand, these small RNAs mutually regulate the MAPK signaling which is often overexpressed in the case of cancer progression; suggesting that crosstalk between miRNAs and this signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in the development of human cancers. Some miRNAs such as miR-20b, miR-34c-3p, miR-152, miR-181a, and miR-302b through inhibiting MAPK signaling, and miR-193a-3p, miR-330-3p, and miR-592 by activating this signaling pathway, play imperative roles in tumorigenesis. Therefore, in this review, we aimed to focus on the interplay between miRNAs and MAPK signaling in the various steps of tumorigenesis, including metabolic regulation, cell proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, angiogenesis, and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmira Roshani Asl
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amini
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Souzan Najafi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Mansoori
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Parisa Lotfinejad
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
| | - Mehdi Bagheri
- Department of Biology, Khorasan Razavi Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Solmaz Shirjang
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ziba Lotfi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yousef Rasmi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran..
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran..
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82
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Talib WH, Mahmod AI, Abuarab SF, Hasen E, Munaim AA, Haif SK, Ayyash AM, Khater S, AL-Yasari IH, Kury LTA. Diabetes and Cancer: Metabolic Association, Therapeutic Challenges, and the Role of Natural Products. Molecules 2021; 26:2179. [PMID: 33920079 PMCID: PMC8070467 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is considered the second leading cause of death worldwide and in 2018 it was responsible for approximately 9.6 million deaths. Globally, about one in six deaths are caused by cancer. A strong correlation was found between diabetes mellitus and carcinogenesis with the most evident correlation was with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Research has proven that elevated blood glucose levels take part in cell proliferation and cancer cell progression. However, limited studies were conducted to evaluate the efficiency of conventional therapies in diabetic cancer patients. In this review, the correlation between cancer and diabetes will be discussed and the mechanisms by which the two diseases interact with each other, as well as the therapeutics challenges in treating patients with diabetes and cancer with possible solutions to overcome these challenges. Natural products targeting both diseases were discussed with detailed mechanisms of action. This review will provide a solid base for researchers and physicians to test natural products as adjuvant alternative therapies to treat cancer in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wamidh H. Talib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931-166, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (S.F.A.); (E.H.); (A.A.M.); (S.K.H.); (A.M.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Asma Ismail Mahmod
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931-166, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (S.F.A.); (E.H.); (A.A.M.); (S.K.H.); (A.M.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Sara Feras. Abuarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931-166, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (S.F.A.); (E.H.); (A.A.M.); (S.K.H.); (A.M.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Eliza Hasen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931-166, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (S.F.A.); (E.H.); (A.A.M.); (S.K.H.); (A.M.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Amer A. Munaim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931-166, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (S.F.A.); (E.H.); (A.A.M.); (S.K.H.); (A.M.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Shatha Khaled Haif
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931-166, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (S.F.A.); (E.H.); (A.A.M.); (S.K.H.); (A.M.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Amani Marwan Ayyash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931-166, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (S.F.A.); (E.H.); (A.A.M.); (S.K.H.); (A.M.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Samar Khater
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931-166, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (S.F.A.); (E.H.); (A.A.M.); (S.K.H.); (A.M.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Intisar Hadi AL-Yasari
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Biotechnology, Al-Qasim Green University, Babylon 00964, Iraq;
| | - Lina T. Al Kury
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi 144534, United Arab Emirates;
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83
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Bonilla DA, Kreider RB, Stout JR, Forero DA, Kerksick CM, Roberts MD, Rawson ES. Metabolic Basis of Creatine in Health and Disease: A Bioinformatics-Assisted Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041238. [PMID: 33918657 PMCID: PMC8070484 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Creatine (Cr) is a ubiquitous molecule that is synthesized mainly in the liver, kidneys, and pancreas. Most of the Cr pool is found in tissues with high-energy demands. Cr enters target cells through a specific symporter called Na+/Cl−-dependent Cr transporter (CRT). Once within cells, creatine kinase (CK) catalyzes the reversible transphosphorylation reaction between [Mg2+:ATP4−]2− and Cr to produce phosphocreatine (PCr) and [Mg2+:ADP3−]−. We aimed to perform a comprehensive and bioinformatics-assisted review of the most recent research findings regarding Cr metabolism. Specifically, several public databases, repositories, and bioinformatics tools were utilized for this endeavor. Topics of biological complexity ranging from structural biology to cellular dynamics were addressed herein. In this sense, we sought to address certain pre-specified questions including: (i) What happens when creatine is transported into cells? (ii) How is the CK/PCr system involved in cellular bioenergetics? (iii) How is the CK/PCr system compartmentalized throughout the cell? (iv) What is the role of creatine amongst different tissues? and (v) What is the basis of creatine transport? Under the cellular allostasis paradigm, the CK/PCr system is physiologically essential for life (cell survival, growth, proliferation, differentiation, and migration/motility) by providing an evolutionary advantage for rapid, local, and temporal support of energy- and mechanical-dependent processes. Thus, we suggest the CK/PCr system acts as a dynamic biosensor based on chemo-mechanical energy transduction, which might explain why dysregulation in Cr metabolism contributes to a wide range of diseases besides the mitigating effect that Cr supplementation may have in some of these disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A. Bonilla
- Research Division, Dynamical Business & Science Society–DBSS International SAS, Bogotá 110861, Colombia
- Research Group in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Bogotá 110311, Colombia
- Research Group in Physical Activity, Sports and Health Sciences (GICAFS), Universidad de Córdoba, Montería 230002, Colombia
- kDNA Genomics, Joxe Mari Korta Research Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +57-320-335-2050
| | - Richard B. Kreider
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Human Clinical Research Facility, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;
| | - Jeffrey R. Stout
- Physiology of Work and Exercise Response (POWER) Laboratory, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA;
| | - Diego A. Forero
- Professional Program in Sport Training, School of Health and Sport Sciences, Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina, Bogotá 111221, Colombia;
| | - Chad M. Kerksick
- Exercise and Performance Nutrition Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, Lindenwood University, Saint Charles, MO 63301, USA;
| | - Michael D. Roberts
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA;
- Edward via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Eric S. Rawson
- Department of Health, Nutrition and Exercise Science, Messiah University, Mechanicsburg, PA 17055, USA;
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84
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Zhao LN, Björklund M, Caldez MJ, Zheng J, Kaldis P. Therapeutic targeting of the mitochondrial one-carbon pathway: perspectives, pitfalls, and potential. Oncogene 2021; 40:2339-2354. [PMID: 33664451 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01695-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Most of the drugs currently prescribed for cancer treatment are riddled with substantial side effects. In order to develop more effective and specific strategies to treat cancer, it is of importance to understand the biology of drug targets, particularly the newly emerging ones. A comprehensive evaluation of these targets will benefit drug development with increased likelihood for success in clinical trials. The folate-mediated one-carbon (1C) metabolism pathway has drawn renewed attention as it is often hyperactivated in cancer and inhibition of this pathway displays promise in developing anticancer treatment with fewer side effects. Here, we systematically review individual enzymes in the 1C pathway and their compartmentalization to mitochondria and cytosol. Based on these insight, we conclude that (1) except the known 1C targets (DHFR, GART, and TYMS), MTHFD2 emerges as good drug target, especially for treating hematopoietic cancers such as CLL, AML, and T-cell lymphoma; (2) SHMT2 and MTHFD1L are potential drug targets; and (3) MTHFD2L and ALDH1L2 should not be considered as drug targets. We highlight MTHFD2 as an excellent therapeutic target and SHMT2 as a complementary target based on structural/biochemical considerations and up-to-date inhibitor development, which underscores the perspectives of their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Na Zhao
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Mikael Björklund
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh (ZJU-UoE) Institute, Haining, Zhejiang, PR China.,2nd Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.,Deanery of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Matias J Caldez
- Laboratory of Host Defense, The World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI) Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jie Zheng
- School of Information Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Philipp Kaldis
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
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85
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Tangthong T, Piroonpan T, Thipe VC, Khoobchandani M, Katti K, Katti KV, Pasanphan W. Water-Soluble Chitosan Conjugated DOTA-Bombesin Peptide Capped Gold Nanoparticles as a Targeted Therapeutic Agent for Prostate Cancer. Nanotechnol Sci Appl 2021; 14:69-89. [PMID: 33776426 PMCID: PMC7987316 DOI: 10.2147/nsa.s301942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Functionalization of water-soluble chitosan (WSCS) nanocolloids with, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), and LyslLys3 (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid)-bombesin 1–14 (DOTA-BBN) peptide affords an innovative pathway to produce prostate tumor cell-specific nanomedicine agents with potential applications in molecular imaging and therapy. Methods The preparation involves the production and full characterization of water-soluble chitosan (WSCS), via gamma (γ) rays (80 kGy) irradiation, followed by DOTA-BBN conjugation for subsequent use as an effective template toward the synthesis of tumor cell-specific AuNPs-WSCS-DOTA-BBN. Results The WSCS-DOTA-BBN polymeric nanoparticles (86 ± 2.03 nm) served multiple roles as reducing and stabilizing agents in the overall template synthesis of tumor cell-targeted AuNPs. The AuNPs capped with WSCS and WSCS-DOTA-BBN exhibited average Au-core diameter of 17 ± 8 nm and 20 ± 7 nm with hydrodynamic diameters of 56 ± 1 and 67± 2 nm, respectively. The AuNPs-WSCS-DOTA-BBN showed optimum in vitro stability in biologically relevant solutions. The targeted AuNPs showed selective affinity toward GRP receptors overexpressed in prostate cancer cells (PC-3 and LNCaP). Discussion The AuNPs-WSCS-DOTA-BBN displayed cytotoxicity effects against PC-3 and LNCaP cancer cells, with concomitant safety toward the HAECs normal cells. The AuNPs-WSCS-DOTA-BBN showed synergistic targeting toward tumor cells with selective cytotoxicity of AuNPs towards PC-3 and LNCaP cells. Our investigations provide compelling evidence that AuNPs functionalized with WSCS-DOTA-BBN is an innovative nanomedicine approach for use in molecular imaging and therapy of GRP receptor-positive tumors. The template synthesis of AuNPs-WSCS-DOTA-BBN serves as an excellent non-radioactive surrogate for the development of the corresponding 198AuNPs theragnostic nanoradiopharmaceutical for use in cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theeranan Tangthong
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.,Center of Radiation Processing for Polymer Modification and Nanotechnology (CRPN), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Thananchai Piroonpan
- Center of Radiation Processing for Polymer Modification and Nanotechnology (CRPN), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Velaphi C Thipe
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia - Centro de Química e Meio Ambiente - Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticase Nucleares (IPEN) - Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear- IPEN/CNEN-SP, São Paulo, Brasil.,Institute of Green Nanotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Menka Khoobchandani
- Institute of Green Nanotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Kavita Katti
- Institute of Green Nanotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Kattesh V Katti
- Institute of Green Nanotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.,Department of Physics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Wanvimol Pasanphan
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.,Center of Radiation Processing for Polymer Modification and Nanotechnology (CRPN), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
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86
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Dosumu OA, Rotimi SO, Adeleye OO, Akamo AJ, Osinuga KT, Taiwo OA, Omotosho OO, Sani LO. Vitamin K protects against 7,12-dimethylbenz(A)anthracene induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:362-373. [PMID: 33063951 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Humans are daily exposed to 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA), a well known polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). This study investigated the role of dietary intake of Vitamin K (VK), a polyphenolic compound, with potential antioxidative properties, against DMBA-induced hepatotoxicity. Sixty experimental animals (120-150 g) were divided into six groups (A-F): Control, DMBA (80 mg/kg bw) only, VK (0.00 g/10 kg) diet only, VK (7.5 g/10 kg) diet only, DMBA + VK (0.0 g/10 kg) diet and DMBA + VK (7.5 g/10 kg) diet. Single oral administration of DMBA (80 mg/kg body weight) to Wistar rats resulted in hepatic damage after 16 weeks. DMBA significantly (P < .05) decreased the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and Vitamin C were significantly decreased with increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in serum and liver. Aspartate aminotransaminase (AST), alanine aminotransaminase (ALT), γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities were significantly (P < .05) elevated in the serum but reduced in the liver of DMBA-administered group. Ingestion of 7.5 g/10 kg VK diet prevented the up regulations in inflammatory biomarkers (granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin 17A (IL-17A)) which elicited liver damaged in the DMBA-treated group. DMBA induced hepatic alterations in DMBA-treated group but was restored to near normal in VK (7.5 g/10 kg) diet group. These findings suggest the protective potential of increased dietary intake of vitamin K against DMBA-induced hepatic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Adio Jamiu Akamo
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | | | - Odunayo Anthonia Taiwo
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Chrisland University, Abeokuta, Nigeria
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Balihodzic A, Barth DA, Prinz F, Pichler M. Involvement of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Glucose Metabolism in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:977. [PMID: 33652661 PMCID: PMC7956509 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13050977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid and uncontrolled proliferation of cancer cells is supported by metabolic reprogramming. Altered glucose metabolism supports cancer growth and progression. Compared with normal cells, cancer cells show increased glucose uptake, aerobic glycolysis and lactate production. Byproducts of adjusted glucose metabolism provide additional benefits supporting hallmark capabilities of cancer cells. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a heterogeneous group of transcripts of more than 200 nucleotides in length. They regulate numerous cellular processes, primarily through physical interaction with other molecules. Dysregulated lncRNAs are involved in all hallmarks of cancer including metabolic alterations. They may upregulate metabolic enzymes, modulate the expression of oncogenic or tumor-suppressive genes and disturb metabolic signaling pathways favoring cancer progression. Thus, lncRNAs are not only potential clinical biomarkers for cancer diagnostics and prediction but also possible therapeutic targets. This review summarizes the lncRNAs involved in cancer glucose metabolism and highlights their underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amar Balihodzic
- Research Unit of Non-Coding RNAs and Genome Editing, Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (A.B.); (D.A.B.); (F.P.)
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Dominik A. Barth
- Research Unit of Non-Coding RNAs and Genome Editing, Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (A.B.); (D.A.B.); (F.P.)
| | - Felix Prinz
- Research Unit of Non-Coding RNAs and Genome Editing, Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (A.B.); (D.A.B.); (F.P.)
| | - Martin Pichler
- Research Unit of Non-Coding RNAs and Genome Editing, Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (A.B.); (D.A.B.); (F.P.)
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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88
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Kiran D, Basaraba RJ. Lactate Metabolism and Signaling in Tuberculosis and Cancer: A Comparative Review. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:624607. [PMID: 33718271 PMCID: PMC7952876 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.624607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) leading to tuberculosis (TB) disease continues to be a major global health challenge. Critical barriers, including but not limited to the development of multi-drug resistance, lack of diagnostic assays that detect patients with latent TB, an effective vaccine that prevents Mtb infection, and infectious and non-infectious comorbidities that complicate active TB, continue to hinder progress toward a TB cure. To complement the ongoing development of new antimicrobial drugs, investigators in the field are exploring the value of host-directed therapies (HDTs). This therapeutic strategy targets the host, rather than Mtb, and is intended to augment host responses to infection such that the host is better equipped to prevent or clear infection and resolve chronic inflammation. Metabolic pathways of immune cells have been identified as promising HDT targets as more metabolites and metabolic pathways have shown to play a role in TB pathogenesis and disease progression. Specifically, this review highlights the potential role of lactate as both an immunomodulatory metabolite and a potentially important signaling molecule during the host response to Mtb infection. While long thought to be an inert end product of primarily glucose metabolism, the cancer research field has discovered the importance of lactate in carcinogenesis and resistance to chemotherapeutic drug treatment. Herein, we discuss similarities between the TB granuloma and tumor microenvironments in the context of lactate metabolism and identify key metabolic and signaling pathways that have been shown to play a role in tumor progression but have yet to be explored within the context of TB. Ultimately, lactate metabolism and signaling could be viable HDT targets for TB; however, critical additional research is needed to better understand the role of lactate at the host-pathogen interface during Mtb infection before adopting this HDT strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Randall J. Basaraba
- Metabolism of Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
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89
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Role of NAD + in regulating cellular and metabolic signaling pathways. Mol Metab 2021; 49:101195. [PMID: 33609766 PMCID: PMC7973386 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a critical coenzyme present in every living cell, is involved in a myriad of metabolic processes associated with cellular bioenergetics. For this reason, NAD+ is often studied in the context of aging, cancer, and neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders. Scope of review Cellular NAD+ depletion is associated with compromised adaptive cellular stress responses, impaired neuronal plasticity, impaired DNA repair, and cellular senescence. Increasing evidence has shown the efficacy of boosting NAD+ levels using NAD+ precursors in various diseases. This review provides a comprehensive understanding into the role of NAD+ in aging and other pathologies and discusses potential therapeutic targets. Major conclusions An alteration in the NAD+/NADH ratio or the NAD+ pool size can lead to derailment of the biological system and contribute to various neurodegenerative disorders, aging, and tumorigenesis. Due to the varied distribution of NAD+/NADH in different locations within cells, the direct role of impaired NAD+-dependent processes in humans remains unestablished. In this regard, longitudinal studies are needed to quantify NAD+ and its related metabolites. Future research should focus on measuring the fluxes through pathways associated with NAD+ synthesis and degradation. NAD+ regulates energy metabolism, DNA damage repair, gene expression, and stress response. NAD+ deterioration contributes to the progression of multiple metabolic disorders, cancers, and neurodegenerative diseases. Nicotinamide mononucleotide and nicotinamide riboside raise NAD+ levels in different tissues in preclinical models. Imaging studies on genetic models can illustrate the pathways of NAD+metabolism and their downstream functional effects. Human clinical trials to determine benefits of restoration of NAD+ by using NAD precursors are in progress.
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90
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Milligan K, Deng X, Shreeves P, Ali-Adeeb R, Matthews Q, Brolo A, Lum JJ, Andrews JL, Jirasek A. Raman spectroscopy and group and basis-restricted non negative matrix factorisation identifies radiation induced metabolic changes in human cancer cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3853. [PMID: 33594122 PMCID: PMC7886912 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83343-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This work combines single cell Raman spectroscopy (RS) with group and basis restricted non-negative matrix factorisation (GBR-NMF) to identify individual biochemical changes associated with radiation exposure in three human cancer cell lines. The cell lines analysed were derived from lung (H460), breast (MCF7) and prostate (LNCaP) tissue and are known to display varying degrees of radio sensitivity due to the inherent properties of each cell type. The GBR-NMF approach involves the deconstruction of Raman spectra into component biochemical bases using a library of Raman spectra of known biochemicals present in the cells. Subsequently, scores are obtained on each of these bases which can be directly correlated with the contribution of each chemical to the overall Raman spectrum. We validated GBR-NMF through the correlation of GBR-NMF-derived glycogen scores with scores that were previously observed using principal component analysis (PCA). Phosphatidylcholine, glucose, arginine and asparagine showed a distinct differential score pattern between radio-resistant and radio-sensitive cell types. In summary, the GBR-NMF approach allows for the monitoring of individual biochemical radiation-response dynamics previously unattainable with more traditional PCA-based approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty Milligan
- Department of Physics, The University of British Columbia, Kelowna, Canada
| | - Xinchen Deng
- Department of Physics, The University of British Columbia, Kelowna, Canada
| | - Phillip Shreeves
- Department of Statistics, The University of British Columbia, Kelowna, Canada
| | - Ramie Ali-Adeeb
- Department of Physics, The University of British Columbia, Kelowna, Canada
| | | | - Alexandre Brolo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
| | - Julian J Lum
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre, BC Cancer, Victoria, Canada
| | - Jeffrey L Andrews
- Department of Statistics, The University of British Columbia, Kelowna, Canada
| | - Andrew Jirasek
- Department of Physics, The University of British Columbia, Kelowna, Canada.
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91
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Armstrong H, Bording-Jorgensen M, Wine E. The Multifaceted Roles of Diet, Microbes, and Metabolites in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040767. [PMID: 33673140 PMCID: PMC7917909 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Many studies performed to date have implicated select microbes and dietary factors in a variety of cancers, yet the complexity of both these diseases and the relationship between these factors has limited the ability to translate findings into therapies and preventative guidelines. Here we begin by discussing recently published studies relating to dietary factors, such as vitamins and chemical compounds used as ingredients, and their contribution to cancer development. We further review recent studies, which display evidence of the microbial-diet interaction in the context of cancer. The field continues to advance our understanding of the development of select cancers and how dietary factors are related to the development, prevention, and treatment of these cancers. Finally, we highlight the science available in the discussion of common misconceptions with regards to cancer and diet. We conclude this review with thoughts on where we believe future research should focus in order to provide the greatest impact towards human health and preventative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Armstrong
- CEGIIR, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2X8, Canada;
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
- Correspondence: (H.A.); (E.W.)
| | - Michael Bording-Jorgensen
- CEGIIR, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2X8, Canada;
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
| | - Eytan Wine
- CEGIIR, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2X8, Canada;
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
- Correspondence: (H.A.); (E.W.)
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92
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Halcrow PW, Geiger JD, Chen X. Overcoming Chemoresistance: Altering pH of Cellular Compartments by Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:627639. [PMID: 33634129 PMCID: PMC7900406 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.627639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to the anti-cancer effects of chemotherapeutic agents (chemoresistance) is a major issue for people living with cancer and their providers. A diverse set of cellular and inter-organellar signaling changes have been implicated in chemoresistance, but it is still unclear what processes lead to chemoresistance and effective strategies to overcome chemoresistance are lacking. The anti-malaria drugs, chloroquine (CQ) and its derivative hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) are being used for the treatment of various cancers and CQ and HCQ are used in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs to enhance their anti-cancer effects. The widely accepted anti-cancer effect of CQ and HCQ is their ability to inhibit autophagic flux. As diprotic weak bases, CQ and HCQ preferentially accumulate in acidic organelles and neutralize their luminal pH. In addition, CQ and HCQ acidify the cytosolic and extracellular environments; processes implicated in tumorigenesis and cancer. Thus, the anti-cancer effects of CQ and HCQ extend beyond autophagy inhibition. The present review summarizes effects of CQ, HCQ and proton pump inhibitors on pH of various cellular compartments and discuss potential mechanisms underlying their pH-dependent anti-cancer effects. The mechanisms considered here include their ability to de-acidify lysosomes and inhibit autophagosome lysosome fusion, to de-acidify Golgi apparatus and secretory vesicles thus affecting secretion, and to acidify cytoplasm thus disturbing aerobic metabolism. Further, we review the ability of these agents to prevent chemotherapeutic drugs from accumulating in acidic organelles and altering their cytosolic concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xuesong Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, United States
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93
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Karta J, Bossicard Y, Kotzamanis K, Dolznig H, Letellier E. Mapping the Metabolic Networks of Tumor Cells and Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts. Cells 2021; 10:304. [PMID: 33540679 PMCID: PMC7912987 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolism is considered to be the core of all cellular activity. Thus, extensive studies of metabolic processes are ongoing in various fields of biology, including cancer research. Cancer cells are known to adapt their metabolism to sustain high proliferation rates and survive in unfavorable environments with low oxygen and nutrient concentrations. Hence, targeting cancer cell metabolism is a promising therapeutic strategy in cancer research. However, cancers consist not only of genetically altered tumor cells but are interwoven with endothelial cells, immune cells and fibroblasts, which together with the extracellular matrix (ECM) constitute the tumor microenvironment (TME). Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which are linked to poor prognosis in different cancer types, are one important component of the TME. CAFs play a significant role in reprogramming the metabolic landscape of tumor cells, but how, and in what manner, this interaction takes place remains rather unclear. This review aims to highlight the metabolic landscape of tumor cells and CAFs, including their recently identified subtypes, in different tumor types. In addition, we discuss various in vitro and in vivo metabolic techniques as well as different in silico computational tools that can be used to identify and characterize CAF-tumor cell interactions. Finally, we provide our view on how mapping the complex metabolic networks of stromal-tumor metabolism will help in finding novel metabolic targets for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Karta
- Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, 6 avenue du Swing, L-4367 Belval, Luxembourg; (J.K.); (Y.B.); (K.K.)
| | - Ysaline Bossicard
- Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, 6 avenue du Swing, L-4367 Belval, Luxembourg; (J.K.); (Y.B.); (K.K.)
| | - Konstantinos Kotzamanis
- Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, 6 avenue du Swing, L-4367 Belval, Luxembourg; (J.K.); (Y.B.); (K.K.)
| | - Helmut Dolznig
- Tumor Stroma Interaction Group, Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 10, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Elisabeth Letellier
- Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, 6 avenue du Swing, L-4367 Belval, Luxembourg; (J.K.); (Y.B.); (K.K.)
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94
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Zheng L, Gao T, Ge Z, Ma Z, Xu J, Ding W, Shen L. Design, Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationship Studies of Glycosylated Derivatives of Marine Natural Product Lamellarin D. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 214:113226. [PMID: 33582387 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Lamellarin D, a marine natural product, acts as a potent inhibitor of DNA topoisomerase I (Topo I). To modify its physicochemical property and biological activity, a series of mono- and di-glycosylated derivatives were designed and synthesized through 22-26 multi-steps. Their inhibition of human Topo I was evaluated, and most of the glycosylated derivatives exhibited high potency in inhibiting Topo I activity as well as lamellarin D. All the 15 target compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against five human cancer cell lines. The typical lamellarin derivative ZL-3 exhibited the best activity with IC50 values of 3 nM, 10 nM, and 15 nM against human lung cancer A549 cells, human colon cancer HCT116 cells and human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells. Compound ZL-1 exhibited anti-cancer activity with IC50 of 14 nM and 24 nM against human colon cancer HCT116 cells and human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells, respectively. Cell cycle analysis in MDA-MB-231 suggested ZL-3 inhibited cell growth through arresting cells at the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. Further tests showed a significant improvement in aqueous solubility of ZL-1 and ZL-7. This study suggested that glycosylation could be utilized as a useful strategy to optimize lamellarin D derivatives as Topo I inhibitors and anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuliu Zheng
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, China
| | - Tingting Gao
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, China
| | - Zhiwei Ge
- Analysis Center of Agrobiology and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhongjun Ma
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, China
| | - Jinzhong Xu
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, China
| | - Wanjing Ding
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, China
| | - Li Shen
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, China.
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95
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Muddapu VR, Chakravarthy VS. Influence of energy deficiency on the subcellular processes of Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta cell for understanding Parkinsonian neurodegeneration. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1754. [PMID: 33462293 PMCID: PMC7814067 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81185-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prominent neurodegenerative disease around the world. Although it is known that PD is caused by the loss of dopaminergic cells in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), the decisive cause of this inexorable cell loss is not clearly elucidated. We hypothesize that "Energy deficiency at a sub-cellular/cellular/systems level can be a common underlying cause for SNc cell loss in PD." Here, we propose a comprehensive computational model of SNc cell, which helps us to understand the pathophysiology of neurodegeneration at the subcellular level in PD. The aim of the study is to see how deficits in the supply of energy substrates (glucose and oxygen) lead to a deficit in adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The study also aims to show that deficits in ATP are the common factor underlying the molecular-level pathological changes, including alpha-synuclein aggregation, reactive oxygen species formation, calcium elevation, and dopamine dysfunction. The model suggests that hypoglycemia plays a more crucial role in leading to ATP deficits than hypoxia. We believe that the proposed model provides an integrated modeling framework to understand the neurodegenerative processes underlying PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vignayanandam Ravindernath Muddapu
- grid.417969.40000 0001 2315 1926Computational Neuroscience Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Sardar Patel Road, Chennai, 600036 Tamil Nadu India
| | - V. Srinivasa Chakravarthy
- grid.417969.40000 0001 2315 1926Computational Neuroscience Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Sardar Patel Road, Chennai, 600036 Tamil Nadu India
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96
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Dasgupta A, Bakshi A, Chowdhury N, De RK. A control theoretic three timescale model for analyzing energy management in mammalian cancer cells. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2020; 19:477-508. [PMID: 33510857 PMCID: PMC7809419 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Interaction among different pathways, such as metabolic, signaling and gene regulatory networks, of cellular system is responsible to maintain homeostasis in a mammalian cell. Malfunctioning of this cooperation may lead to many complex diseases, such as cancer and type 2 diabetes. Timescale differences among these pathways make their integration a daunting task. Metabolic, signaling and gene regulatory networks have three different timescales, such as, ultrafast, fast and slow respectively. The article deals with this problem by developing a support vector regression (SVR) based three timescale model with the application of genetic algorithm based nonlinear controller. The proposed model can successfully capture the nonlinear transient dynamics and regulations of such integrated biochemical pathway under consideration. Besides, the model is quite capable of predicting the effects of certain drug targets for many types of complex diseases. Here, energy and cell proliferation management of mammalian cancer cells have been explored and analyzed with the help of the proposed novel approach. Previous investigations including in silico/in vivo/in vitro experiments have validated the results (the regulations of glucose transporter 1 (glut1), hexokinase (HK), and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 α (HIF-1 α ) among others, and the switching of pyruvate kinase (M2 isoform) between dimer and tetramer) generated by this model proving its effectiveness. Subsequently, the model predicts the effects of six selected drug targets, such as, the deactivation of transketolase and glucose-6-phosphate isomerase among others, in the case of mammalian malignant cells in terms of growth, proliferation, fermentation, and energy supply in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Dasgupta
- Department of Data Science, School of Interdisciplinary Studies, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Abhisek Bakshi
- Department of Information Technology, Bengal Institute of Technology, Basanti Highway, Kolkata 700150, India
| | - Nirmalya Chowdhury
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Rajat K. De
- Machine Intelligence Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 B.T. Road, Kolkata 700108, India
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97
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Kader A, Brangsch J, Kaufmann JO, Zhao J, Mangarova DB, Moeckel J, Adams LC, Sack I, Taupitz M, Hamm B, Makowski MR. Molecular MR Imaging of Prostate Cancer. Biomedicines 2020; 9:1. [PMID: 33375045 PMCID: PMC7822017 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes recent developments regarding molecular imaging markers for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of prostate cancer (PCa). Currently, the clinical standard includes MR imaging using unspecific gadolinium-based contrast agents. Specific molecular probes for the diagnosis of PCa could improve the molecular characterization of the tumor in a non-invasive examination. Furthermore, molecular probes could enable targeted therapies to suppress tumor growth or reduce the tumor size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avan Kader
- Department of Radiology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.B.); (J.O.K.); (J.Z.); (D.B.M.); (J.M.); (L.C.A.); (I.S.); (M.T.); (B.H.); (M.R.M.)
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 1-3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Brangsch
- Department of Radiology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.B.); (J.O.K.); (J.Z.); (D.B.M.); (J.M.); (L.C.A.); (I.S.); (M.T.); (B.H.); (M.R.M.)
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Animal Welfare, Animal Behavior and Laboratory Animal Science, Freie Universität Berlin, Königsweg 67, Building 21, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan O. Kaufmann
- Department of Radiology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.B.); (J.O.K.); (J.Z.); (D.B.M.); (J.M.); (L.C.A.); (I.S.); (M.T.); (B.H.); (M.R.M.)
- Division 1.5 Protein Analysis, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.B.); (J.O.K.); (J.Z.); (D.B.M.); (J.M.); (L.C.A.); (I.S.); (M.T.); (B.H.); (M.R.M.)
| | - Dilyana B. Mangarova
- Department of Radiology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.B.); (J.O.K.); (J.Z.); (D.B.M.); (J.M.); (L.C.A.); (I.S.); (M.T.); (B.H.); (M.R.M.)
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-von-Ostertag-Str. 15, Building 12, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jana Moeckel
- Department of Radiology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.B.); (J.O.K.); (J.Z.); (D.B.M.); (J.M.); (L.C.A.); (I.S.); (M.T.); (B.H.); (M.R.M.)
| | - Lisa C. Adams
- Department of Radiology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.B.); (J.O.K.); (J.Z.); (D.B.M.); (J.M.); (L.C.A.); (I.S.); (M.T.); (B.H.); (M.R.M.)
| | - Ingolf Sack
- Department of Radiology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.B.); (J.O.K.); (J.Z.); (D.B.M.); (J.M.); (L.C.A.); (I.S.); (M.T.); (B.H.); (M.R.M.)
| | - Matthias Taupitz
- Department of Radiology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.B.); (J.O.K.); (J.Z.); (D.B.M.); (J.M.); (L.C.A.); (I.S.); (M.T.); (B.H.); (M.R.M.)
| | - Bernd Hamm
- Department of Radiology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.B.); (J.O.K.); (J.Z.); (D.B.M.); (J.M.); (L.C.A.); (I.S.); (M.T.); (B.H.); (M.R.M.)
| | - Marcus R. Makowski
- Department of Radiology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.B.); (J.O.K.); (J.Z.); (D.B.M.); (J.M.); (L.C.A.); (I.S.); (M.T.); (B.H.); (M.R.M.)
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St Thomas’ Hospital Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH, UK
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine & Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich (TUM), Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 München, Germany
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98
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Rahmani N, Abbasi-Radmoghaddam Z, Riahi S, Mohammadi-Khanaposhtanai M. Predictive QSAR models for the anti-cancer activity of topoisomerase IIα catalytic inhibitors against breast cancer cell line HCT15: GA-MLR and LS-SVM modeling. Struct Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-020-01543-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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99
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Lee KH, Goh J, Kim YJ, Kim K. Identification of synthetic chemosensitivity genes paired with BRAF for BRAF/MAPK inhibitors. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20001. [PMID: 33203961 PMCID: PMC7672081 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76909-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular-targeted approaches are important for personalised cancer treatment, which requires knowledge regarding drug target specificity. Here, we used the synthetic lethality concept to identify candidate gene pairs with synergistic effects on drug responses. A synergistic chemo-sensitivity response was identified if a drug had a significantly lower half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) in cell lines with a pair of mutated genes compared with those in other cell lines (wild-type or one mutated gene). Among significantly damaging mutations in the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer database, we found 580 candidate synergistic chemo-sensitivity interaction sets for 456 genes and 54 commercial drugs. Clustering analyses according to drug/gene and drug/tissue interactions showed that BRAF/MAPK inhibitors clustered together; 11 partner genes for BRAF were identified. The combined effects of these partners on IC50 values were significant for both drug-specific and drug-combined comparisons. Survival analysis using The Cancer Genome Atlas data showed that patients who had mutated gene pairs in synergistic interaction sets had longer overall survival compared with that in patients with other mutation profiles. Overall, this analysis demonstrated that synergistic drug-responsive gene pairs could be successfully used as predictive markers of drug sensitivity and patient survival, offering new targets for personalised medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kye Hwa Lee
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, South Korea.
| | - Jinmin Goh
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, South Korea
| | - Yi-Jun Kim
- Institute of Convergence Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, 07985, South Korea
| | - Kwangsoo Kim
- Transdisciplinary Department of Medicine & Advanced Technology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
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100
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Fadaka AO, Sibuyi NRS, Madiehe AM, Meyer M. MicroRNA-based regulation of Aurora A kinase in breast cancer. Oncotarget 2020; 11:4306-4324. [PMID: 33245732 PMCID: PMC7679040 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The involvement of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in cellular physiology and disease pathogenesis is becoming increasingly relevant in recent years specifically in cancer research. Breast cancer (BC) has become a health concern and accounts for most of the cancer-related incidences and mortalities reported amongst females. In spite of the presence of promising tools for BC therapy, the mortality rate of metastatic BC cases is still high. Therefore, the genomic exploration of the BC subtype and the use of ncRNAs for possible regulation is pivotal. The expression and prognostic values of AURKA gene were assessed by Oncomine, GEPIA, KM-plotter, and bc-GenExMiner v4.4, respectively. Associated proteins and functional enrichment were evaluated by Cytoscape and DAVID databases. Additionally, molecular docking approach was employed to investigate the regulatory role of hsa-miR-32-3p assisted argonaute (AGO) protein of AURKA gene in BC. AURKA gene was highly expressed in patients with BC relative to normal counterpart and significantly correlated with poor survival. The docking result suggested that AURKA could be regulated by hsa-miR-32-3p as confirmed by the reported binding energy and specific interactions. The study gives some insights into role of AURKA and its regulation by microRNAs through AGO protein. It also provides exciting opportunities for cancer therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adewale Oluwaseun Fadaka
- Department of Science and Innovation/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Nicole Remaliah Samantha Sibuyi
- Department of Science and Innovation/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Abram Madimabe Madiehe
- Department of Science and Innovation/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa.,Nanobiotechnology Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Mervin Meyer
- Department of Science and Innovation/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
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