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Jao NC, Robinson LD, Kelly PJ, Ciecierski CC, Hitsman B. Unhealthy behavior clustering and mental health status in United States college students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2019; 67:790-800. [PMID: 30485154 PMCID: PMC6538490 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2018.1515744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Examine the association of health risk behavior clusters with mental health status among US college students. Participants: 105,781 US college students who completed the Spring 2011 National College Health Assessment. Methods: We utilized the latent class analysis to determine clustering of health risk behaviors (alcohol binge drinking, cigarette/marijuana use, insufficient physical activity, and fruit/vegetable consumption), and chi-square and ANOVA analyses to examine associations between the class membership and mental health (mental health diagnoses, psychological symptoms, and self-injurious thoughts/behaviors). Results: Three classes were identified with differing rates of binge drinking, substance use, and insufficient physical activity but similar rates of insufficient fruit/vegetable consumption. Students classified with the highest rates of binge drinking and cigarette/marijuana use had the highest rates across all mental health variables compared to other classes. Conclusions: Students who reported engaging in multiple health risk behaviors, especially high alcohol and cigarette/marijuana use, were also more likely to report poorer mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy C. Jao
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine, 680 North Lake Shore Drive, Suite 1400, Chicago, IL, 60611
| | - Laura D. Robinson
- University of Wollongong, School of Psychology, Building 41, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Peter J. Kelly
- University of Wollongong, School of Psychology, Building 41, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Christina C. Ciecierski
- Northeastern Illinois University, Department of Economics, 5500 North Saint Louis Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60625
| | - Brian Hitsman
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine, 680 North Lake Shore Drive, Suite 1400, Chicago, IL, 60611
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Linking What We Eat to Our Mood: A Review of Diet, Dietary Antioxidants, and Depression. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8090376. [PMID: 31491962 PMCID: PMC6769512 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8090376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown that diet and nutrition play significant roles in the prevention of depression and its clinical treatment. The present review aims to provide a clear understanding of the associations between diet patterns, specific foods, nutrients such as antioxidants, and depression. As a result, balanced dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean diet and certain foods such as fish, fresh vegetables, and fruits have been associated with a lower risk of depression or depressive symptoms, while high-fat Western diets and sugar-sweetened beverages have been associated with higher risk of depression or depressive symptoms. Dietary antioxidants such as green tea polyphenols or isoflavonoid intake have been negatively associated with depression or depressive symptoms. It is concluded that diet patterns, specific foods, and antioxidants play important roles in the prevention and clinical treatment of depression.
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Lyzwinski LN, Caffery L, Bambling M, Edirippulige S. The Mindfulness App Trial for Weight, Weight-Related Behaviors, and Stress in University Students: Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2019; 7:e12210. [PMID: 30969174 PMCID: PMC6479283 DOI: 10.2196/12210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background University students are at risk of weight gain during their studies. Key factors related to weight gain in this population include unhealthy weight-related behaviors because of stress. Mindfulness holds promise for weight management. However, there has not been any previous trial that has explored the effectiveness of a student-tailored mindfulness app for stress, weight-related behaviors, and weight. There is limited evidence that current mindfulness apps use evidence-based mindfulness techniques. A novel app was developed that combined evidence-based, mindfulness-based stress reduction and mindful eating (ME) techniques that were tailored to university students, with student-relevant themes for targeting weight behaviors, weight, and stress. Objectives The aim of this study was to test the effectiveness, acceptability, and feasibility of a student-tailored mindfulness app for weight, weight-related behaviors, and stress. Testing this app in a rigorous randomized controlled trial (RCT) for these outcomes is a novelty and contribution to this emerging field. Methods A 2-arm RCT of an 11-week duration was undertaken at the University of Queensland. Students were either randomized to the mindfulness app (n=45) or to a behavioral self-monitoring electronic diary (e-diary; n=45) for diet and exercise. Analysis of covariance was used to compare differences in weight, stress, mindfulness, ME, physical activity, and eating behaviors between both groups. Results Neither the mindfulness app group nor the e-diary group lost weight and there were no differences between the groups at follow-up. The mindfulness app group had significantly lower stress levels (P=.02) (adherers only), lower emotional eating (P=.02), and uncontrolled eating (P=.02) as well as higher mindfulness (P≤.001) and ME levels overall (P≤.001). The e-diary group had higher metabolic equivalents of moderate activity levels (P≤.01). However, the effect sizes were small. Regular adherence to mindfulness exercises in the app was low in the group. The majority of students (94%) liked the app and found it to be acceptable. Compared with other exercises, the most helpful reported meditation was the short breathing exercise observing the breath (39.4% [13/33] preferred it). This was the first RCT that tested a mindfulness app for weight and weight-related behaviors in students. The modest level of user adherence likely contributes to the lack of effect on weight loss. However, there was a small, albeit promising, effect on weight-related eating behavior and stress. Conclusions A mindfulness app demonstrated effectiveness for stress, eating behaviors, mindfulness, and ME, but the effect sizes were small. Future studies should be conducted over longer periods of time and with greater participant compliance. Trial Registration Australian New Zealand Trial Registry ACTRN12616001349437; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=371370 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/761cc2K6ft)
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liam Caffery
- University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Centre for Online Health, Woloongabba, Australia
| | - Matthew Bambling
- University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Centre for Online Health, Woloongabba, Australia
| | - Sisira Edirippulige
- University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Centre for Online Health, Woloongabba, Australia
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54
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Fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of depression: accumulative evidence from an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies. Br J Nutr 2019; 119:1087-1101. [PMID: 29759102 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114518000697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Findings from observational studies investigating the association between fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of depression were inconsistent. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarise available data on the association between fruit and vegetable intake and depression. A systematic literature search of relevant reports published in Medline/PubMed, ISI (Web of Science), SCOPUS and Google Scholar until Oct 2017 was conducted. Data from 27 publications (sixteen cross-sectional, nine cohort and two case-control studies) on fruit, vegetables and/or total fruit and vegetable consumption in relation to depression were included in the systematic review. A total of eighteen studies that reported relative risks (RR), hazard ratios or OR for the relationship were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled RR for depression in the highest v. the lowest category of fruit intake was 0·83 (95 % CI 0·71, 0·98) in cohort studies and 0·76 (95 % CI 0·63, 0·92) in cross-sectional studies. Consumption of vegetables was also associated with a 14 % lower risk of depression (overall RR=0·86; 95 % CI 0·75, 0·98) in cohort studies and a 25 % lower risk of depression (overall RR=0·75; 95 % CI 0·62, 0·91) in cross-sectional studies. Moreover, an inverse significant association was observed between intake of total fruit and vegetables and risk of depression (overall RR=0·80; 95 % CI 0·65, 0·98) in cross-sectional studies. In a non-linear dose-response association, we failed to find any significant association between fruit or vegetable intake and risk of depression (fruit (cross-sectional studies): P non-linearty=0·12; vegetables (cross-sectional studies): P non-linearty<0·001; (cohort studies) P non-linearty=0·97). Meta-regression of included observational studies revealed an inverse linear association between fruit or vegetable intake and risk of depression, such that every 100-g increased intake of fruit was associated with a 3 % reduced risk of depression in cohort studies (RR=0·97; 95 % CI 0·95, 0·99). With regard to vegetable consumption, every 100-g increase in intake was associated with a 3 % reduced risk of depression in cohort studies (RR=0·97; 95 % CI 0·95, 0·98) and 5 % reduced odds in cross-sectional studies (RR=0·95; 95 % CI 0·91, 0·98). This meta-analysis of observational studies provides further evidence that fruit and vegetable intake was protectively associated with depression. This finding supports the current recommendation of increasing fruit and vegetable intake to improve mental health.
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Khayyatzadeh SS, Shafiee M, Far PE, Ziaee SS, Bagherniya M, Ebrahimi S, Boromand N, Ferns GA, Ghayour-Mobarhan M. Adherence to a healthy dietary pattern is associated with less severe depressive symptoms among adolescent girls. Psychiatry Res 2019; 272:467-473. [PMID: 30611966 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.12.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
There is growing interest on the impact of diet on depressive disorders. However, there are limited data on the association between dietary patterns and depression symptoms among Iranian adolescents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between dietary patterns and depression score among Iranian adolescent girls. Data were obtained from 750 adolescent girls, who were recruited from several schools using a random cluster sampling. Dietary data were collected using a valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Beck's depression inventory (BDI-II) was used to assess depression severity score. The prevalence of girls diagnosed with depression was 29.1%. Three major dietary patterns were identified in the study based on factor analysis: "Healthy", "Traditional" and "Western". The multivariate-adjusted odds ratio of having depressive symptoms was 0.55 (95% confidence intervals, 0.34-0.89) for the highest versus lowest quartile of the healthy dietary pattern score. However, there were no significant associations between the Traditional and Western dietary patterns and depression symptoms. Our results indicate that adherence to a Healthy dietary pattern characterized by high intakes of fruits, vegetables, fish and dairy products is associated with a lower probability of having depressive symptoms among Iranian adolescent girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayyed Saeid Khayyatzadeh
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Shafiee
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Pouria Ezati Far
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Shirin Ziaee
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bagherniya
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Safieh Ebrahimi
- Deparment of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nadia Boromand
- Deparment of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9PH, UK
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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56
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Penaforte FRDO, Minelli MCS, Anastácio LR, Japur CC. Anxiety symptoms and emotional eating are independently associated with sweet craving in young adults. Psychiatry Res 2019; 271:715-720. [PMID: 30791346 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.11.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sweet craving (SC), defined as a strong desire for sweet foods, seems to be closely related to negative emotions, such as anxiety and unhealthy eating behaviors. The objective was to investigate factors that are associated with SC and to assess the relationships among SC, anxiety symptoms, and eating behavior in university students. This was a cross-sectional study involving 300 students of both sexes (20.5 ± 4.4 years) who were freshmen in a Brazilian public university. Eating behavior was evaluated using the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire, anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Beck Anxiety Inventory, SC was identified by a yes/no question ("Have you had a very strong desire to eat sweet food over the last three months?"), and characterized by the Questionnaire for Assessment of Sweet Substance Dependence. Individuals with SC scored significantly higher for uncontrolled eating (UE), emotional eating (EE), and anxiety symptoms. Logistic regression analysis revealed that anxiety symptoms are independently associated with SC. In conclusion, negative emotions, like anxiety, and eating guided by these emotions can contribute to the SC phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Rodrigues de Oliveira Penaforte
- Department of Nutrition/PostGraduate Program in Psychology, Universidade Federal do Trângulo Mineiro, Av. Frei Paulino, 30. Bairro Abadia, CEP 38025-180 Uberaba, MG, Brazil; Laboratory of Eating Practices and Behavior (PratiCA), Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900. Bairro Monte Alegre, CEP 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Maria Clara Santos Minelli
- Department of Nutrition/PostGraduate Program in Psychology, Universidade Federal do Trângulo Mineiro, Av. Frei Paulino, 30. Bairro Abadia, CEP 38025-180 Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
| | - Lucilene Rezende Anastácio
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627. Campus Pampulha, CEP 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Camila Cremonezi Japur
- Division of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Health Sciences. Ribeirão Preto Medical Scholl. Universidade de São Paulo. Av. Bandeirantes, 3900. Bairro Monte Alegre, CEP 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Laboratory of Eating Practices and Behavior (PratiCA), Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900. Bairro Monte Alegre, CEP 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Pathways of the relationships among eating behavior, stress, and coping in adults with type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study. Appetite 2018; 131:84-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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58
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Lyzwinski LN, Caffery L, Bambling M, Edirippulige S. Relationship Between Mindfulness, Weight, and Weight-Related Behaviors in College Students: A Systematic Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1089/act.2018.29182.lnl] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lynnette Nathalie Lyzwinski
- Lynnette Lyzwinski, MPhil, is a PhD candidate at the Centre for Online Health, School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia, and the Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Liam Caffery
- Liam Caffery, PhD, is a senior researcher at the Centre for Online Health, School of Medicine, University of Queensland, and director of telehealth technology
| | - Matthew Bambling
- Matthew Bambling, PhD, is a clinical psychologist, researcher, and director of postgraduate coursework in medicine at the Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, and is affiliated with the Centre for Online Health, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sisira Edirippulige
- Sisira Edirippulige, PhD, is a lecturer on e-health and researcher at the Centre for Online Health, School of Medicine, University of Queensland
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Nathalie Lyzwinski L, Caffery L, Bambling M, Edirippulige S. University Students’ Perspectives on Mindfulness and mHealth: A Qualitative Exploratory Study. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH EDUCATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/19325037.2018.1502701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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60
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Galilea-Zabalza I, Buil-Cosiales P, Salas-Salvadó J, Toledo E, Ortega-Azorín C, Díez-Espino J, Vázquez-Ruiz Z, Zomeño MD, Vioque J, Martínez JA, Romaguera D, Perez-Farinos N, López-Miranda J, Estruch R, Bueno-Cavanillas A, Arós F, Tur JA, Tinahones F, Serra-Majem L, Marcos-Delgado A, Ortega-Calvo M, Vázquez C, Pintó X, Vidal J, Daimiel L, Delgado-Rodríguez M, Matía P, Corella D, Diaz-López A, Babio N, Muñoz MA, Fitó M, González-Palacios S, Abete I, García-Rios A, Ros E, Martínez-González MÁ. Mediterranean diet and quality of life: Baseline cross-sectional analysis of the PREDIMED-PLUS trial. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198974. [PMID: 29912978 PMCID: PMC6005498 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We assessed if a 17-item score capturing adherence to a traditional Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) was associated with better health-related quality of life among older Spanish men and women with overweight or obesity harboring the metabolic syndrome. We analyzed baseline data from 6430 men and women (age 55-70 years) participating in the PREDIMED-Plus study. PREDIMED-Plus is a multi-centre randomized trial testing an energy-restricted MedDiet combined with promotion of physical activity and behavioral therapy for primary cardiovascular prevention compared to a MedDiet alone. Participants answered a 36-item questionnaire about health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and a 17-item questionnaire that assessed adherence to an MedDiet. We used ANCOVA and multivariable-adjusted linear regression models to compare baseline adjusted means of the quality of life scales according to categories of adherence to the MedDiet. Higher adherence to the MedDiet was independently associated with significantly better scores in the eight dimensions of HRQoL. Adjusted differences of > = 3 points between the highest and the lowest dietary adherence groups to the MedDiet were observed for vitality, emotional role, and mental health and of > = 2 points for the other dimensions. In conclusion, this study shows a positive association between adherence to a MedDiet and several dimensions of quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iñigo Galilea-Zabalza
- Atención Primaria. Osasunbidea-Servicio Navarro de Salud. Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Buil-Cosiales
- Atención Primaria. Osasunbidea-Servicio Navarro de Salud. Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra-IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Human Nutrition Unit, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Estefanía Toledo
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra-IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carolina Ortega-Azorín
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Díez-Espino
- Atención Primaria. Osasunbidea-Servicio Navarro de Salud. Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra-IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Zenaida Vázquez-Ruiz
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra-IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - María Dolores Zomeño
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Blanquerna School of Life Sciences, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Vioque
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBEResp), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Nuritional Epidemiology Unit, Miguel Hernandez University, ISABIAL-FISABIO, Alicante, Spain
| | - José Alfredo Martínez
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Physiology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Dora Romaguera
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases, Palma, Spain
| | | | - José López-Miranda
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Córdoba-IMIBIC, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ramón Estruch
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas
- Blanquerna School of Life Sciences, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Fernando Arós
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cardiology OSI ARABA. University Hospital Araba, Vitoria, Spain
- University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz. Spain
| | - Josep Antoni Tur
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco Tinahones
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Lluis Serra-Majem
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Alba Marcos-Delgado
- Blanquerna School of Life Sciences, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED); Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Manuel Ortega-Calvo
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Family Medicine, Distrito Sanitario Atencion Primaria, Centro de Salud Las Palmeritas, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Clotilde Vázquez
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology, Fundación Jiménez-Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Xavier Pintó
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Vidal
- CIBER Diabetes y enfermedades metabólicas (CIBERdem), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lidia Daimiel
- Nutritional Genomics and Epigenomics Group, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez
- Blanquerna School of Life Sciences, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
- Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Pilar Matía
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Andrés Diaz-López
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Human Nutrition Unit, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Nancy Babio
- Human Nutrition Unit, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Muñoz
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Lipids and Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Institut Municipal d’Investigació Mèdica (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montse Fitó
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Lipids and Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Institut Municipal d’Investigació Mèdica (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra González-Palacios
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBEResp), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Nuritional Epidemiology Unit, Miguel Hernandez University, ISABIAL-FISABIO, Alicante, Spain
| | - Itziar Abete
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Physiology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Antonio García-Rios
- Department of Internal Medicine, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Córdoba-IMIBIC, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Martínez-González
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra-IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United State of America
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Liao Y, Schembre SM, O'Connor SG, Belcher BR, Maher JP, Dzubur E, Dunton GF. An Electronic Ecological Momentary Assessment Study to Examine the Consumption of High-Fat/High-Sugar Foods, Fruits/Vegetables, and Affective States Among Women. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2018; 50:626-631. [PMID: 29573964 PMCID: PMC5995648 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the associations between high-fat/high-sugar foods (HFHS) and fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption and affective states in women. METHODS The researchers used electronic ecological momentary assessment to capture HFHS and FV consumption in the past 2 hours (predictor) and current affective states (outcome) across 1 week among 202 women. Multilevel linear regression was conducted. Weight status was tested as a moderator. RESULTS Consumption of FV in the past 2 hours was positively associated with feeling happy (P < .05). Women who consumed more HFHS or fewer FV than others in the study reported higher average sadness (both P < .05). Overweight or obese women who reported more frequent HFHS consumption than others had higher average stress than normal weight women (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The association between HFHS consumption and stress might be stronger in overweight or obese than normal weight women. Future studies could further enhance the electronic ecological momentary assessment method to explore other time-varying moderators and mediators of food consumption and affect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liao
- Department of Behavioral Science, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
| | - Susan M Schembre
- Department of Behavioral Science, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Sydney G O'Connor
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Britni R Belcher
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jaclyn P Maher
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, NC
| | - Eldin Dzubur
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Genevieve F Dunton
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
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Lyzwinski LN, Caffery L, Bambling M, Edirippulige S. The Relationship Between Stress and Maladaptive Weight-Related Behaviors in College Students: A Review of the Literature. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH EDUCATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/19325037.2018.1449683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Abstract
Objectives Different studies have reported the association between perceived stress and unhealthy diet choices. We aimed to determine whether there is a relationship between perceived stress and fat intake among undergraduate medical students. Methods/Principal findings A cross-sectional study was performed including first-year medical students. The outcome of interest was the self-report of fat intake assessed using the Block Screening Questionnaire for Fat Intake (high vs. low intake), whereas the exposure was perceived stress (low/normal vs. high levels). The prevalence of high fat intake was estimated and the association of interest was determined using prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Models were created utilizing Poisson regression with robust standard errors. Data from 523 students were analyzed, 52.0% female, mean age 19.0 (SD 1.7) years. The prevalence of high fat intake was 42.4% (CI: 38.2%–46.7%). In multivariate model and compared with those with lowest levels of stress, those in the middle (PR = 1.59; 95%CI: 1.20–2.12) and highest (PR = 1.92; 95%CI: 1.46–2.53) categories of perceived stress had greater prevalence of fat intake. Gender was an effect modifier of this association (p = 0.008). Conclusions Greater levels of perceived stress were associated with higher fat intake, and this association was stronger among males. More than 40% of students reported having high fat consumption. Our results suggest the need to implement strategies that promote decreased fat intake.
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Haag P, Shankland R, Osin E, Boujut É, Cazalis F, Bruno AS, Vrignaud P, Gay MC. Stress perçu et santé physique des doctorants dans les universités françaises. PRAT PSYCHOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prps.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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65
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Baharzadeh E, Siassi F, Qorbani M, Koohdani F, Pak N, Sotoudeh G. Fruits and vegetables intake and its subgroups are related to depression: a cross-sectional study from a developing country. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2018; 17:46. [PMID: 30410566 PMCID: PMC6211514 DOI: 10.1186/s12991-018-0216-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of fruits and vegetables (FV) specific subgroups consumption and depression has not been investigated in healthy adult populations. Therefore, the aim of our study was to determine the relationship between intake of FV as well as their subgroups and depression. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 women attending healthcare centers. The scores of depression, anxiety, and stress were measured using the 21-item depression, anxiety and stress scales questionnaire. The participants' anthropometric and physical activity data were collected and the 147-item semi-quantitative FFQ was used for estimating the FV intake. RESULTS After adjustment for confounding variables, the participants in the lower quartiles of total FV, total vegetables, total fruits, citrus, other fruits and green leafy vegetables intake were more likely to experience depression compared to those in the higher quartiles (p trend < 0.03). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that higher intake of total FV and some of its specific subgroups might be associated with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Baharzadeh
- 1Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Hojatdost Street, Naderi Street, KeshavarzBlv., Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereydoun Siassi
- 1Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Hojatdost Street, Naderi Street, KeshavarzBlv., Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- 2Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Fariba Koohdani
- 3Department of Cellular, Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Pak
- 4Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,5Children Hospital of Excellence, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gity Sotoudeh
- 1Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Hojatdost Street, Naderi Street, KeshavarzBlv., Tehran, Iran
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Hong SA, Peltzer K. Dietary behaviour, psychological well-being and mental distress among adolescents in Korea. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2017; 11:56. [PMID: 29209411 PMCID: PMC5706161 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-017-0194-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary intake is important for physical and mental health. The aim of this investigation was to assess associations between dietary behaviours and psychological well-being and distress among school-going adolescents in Korea. METHODS In a cross-sectional nationally representative survey, 65,212 students (Mean age = 15.1 years, SE = 0.02 and 52.2% male and 47.8% female) responded to a questionnaire that included measures of dietary behaviour, psychological well-being and mental distress. RESULTS In logistic regression analyses, adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic status, school level, school types, Body Mass Index, physical activity, and substance use, positive dietary behaviours (regular breakfast, fruit, vegetable, and milk consumption) were positively and unhealthy dietary behaviours (intake of caffeine, soft drinks, sweet drinks and fast food consumption) were negatively associated with self-reported health, happiness and sleep satisfaction. Positive dietary behaviours (regular breakfast, fruit, vegetable, and milk consumption) were negatively associated with perceived stress and depression symptoms. Unhealthy dietary behaviours (consumption of fast food, caffeine, sweetened drinks and soft drinks) were associated with perceived stress and depression symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The study found strong cross-sectional evidence that healthy dietary behaviours were associated with lower mental distress and higher psychological well-being. It remains unclear, if a healthier dietary behaviour is the cause or the sequela of a more positive well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Ah Hong
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170 Thailand.,Institute for Health and Society, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Karl Peltzer
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Abadio Finco FD, Finco MV, Graeve L. Prevalence and associated factors of overweight in adults of rural Brazilian Amazonia. NFS JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nfs.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Wolniczak I, Cáceres-DelAguila JA, Maguiña JL, Bernabe-Ortiz A. Fruits and vegetables consumption and depressive symptoms: A population-based study in Peru. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186379. [PMID: 29023513 PMCID: PMC5638500 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Among different factors, diet patterns seem to be related to depression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the consumption of fruits and/or vegetables and depressive symptoms. Methodology/Principal findings A secondary data analysis was conducted using information from a population-based survey from 25 regions from Peru. The outcome was the presence of depressive symptoms according to the Patient Health Questionnaire (cutoff ≥15 to define major depressive syndrome); whereas the exposure was the self-reported consumption of fruits and/or vegetables (in tertiles and using WHO recommendation ≥5 servings/day). The association of interest was evaluated using Poisson regression models controlling for the complex-sample survey design and potential confounders. Data from 25,901 participants were analyzed, mean age 44.2 (SD: 17.7) and 13,944 (54.0%) women. Only 910 (3.8%; 95%CI: 3.5%–4.2%) individuals reported consuming ≥5 servings of fruits and/or vegetables/day; whereas 819 (2.8%; 95%CI: 2.5%–3.1%) had depressive symptoms. Those in the lowest tertile of fruits and/or vegetables consumption had greater prevalence of depressive symptoms (PR = 1.88; 95%CI: 1.39–2.55) than those in the highest tertile. This association was stronger with fruits (PR = 1.92; 95%CI: 1.46–2.53) than vegetables (PR = 1.42; 95%CI: 1.05–1.93) alone. Conclusions An inverse relationship between consumption of fruits and/or vegetables and depressive symptoms is reported. Less than 5% of subjects reported consuming the amount of fruits and vegetables recommended by the WHO. There is a need to implement strategies to promote better diet patterns with potential impact on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Wolniczak
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas–UPC, Lima, Perú
| | - José A. Cáceres-DelAguila
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas–UPC, Lima, Perú
| | - Jorge L. Maguiña
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas–UPC, Lima, Perú
| | - Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas–UPC, Lima, Perú
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Lyzwinski LN, Caffery L, Bambling M, Edirippulige S. A Systematic Review of Electronic Mindfulness-Based Therapeutic Interventions for Weight, Weight-Related Behaviors, and Psychological Stress. Telemed J E Health 2017; 24:173-184. [PMID: 28885896 DOI: 10.1089/tmj.2017.0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent research indicates that mindfulness-based interventions are effective for stress, maladaptive weight-related behaviors, and weight loss. Little is presently known about their applicability and effectiveness when delivered electronically, including through Web-based and mobile device media. The primary aims of this review were to identify what types of electronic mindfulness-based interventions have been undertaken for stress, maladaptive weight-related behaviors, and weight loss, and to assess their overall effectiveness. METHODS A systematic search of PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases was undertaken in June 2016. RESULTS A total of 21 studies were identified that met inclusion criteria and were selected in the final review. Of these, 19 were mindfulness-based interventions for stress reduction. Two were Web-based mindful eating/intuitive eating interventions for weight. Only one electronic mindfulness-based study was identified that targeted both stress and maladaptive weight-related behaviors. Most electronic interventions were effective for stress reduction N = 14/19 (74%). There were insufficient electronic mindfulness-based interventions for weight to determine if they were effective or not. Additionally, no mobile mindfulness-based intervention was identified for weight or weight-related behaviors. CONCLUSION Electronic mindfulness-based interventions through diverse media appear to be effective for stress reduction. More studies are needed that target weight and weight-related behaviors as well as studies that target both stress and weight. More randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assess mobile mindfulness-based apps are needed as we only identified four app trials for stress. Mobile mindfulness-based interventions for weight and weight-related behaviors are a future area of research novelty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynnette Nathalie Lyzwinski
- 1 Centers for Online Health, University of Queensland , School of Medicine, Woolloongabba, Australia .,2 Department of Psychiatry, University of Queensland , School of Medicine, Herston, Australia
| | - Liam Caffery
- 1 Centers for Online Health, University of Queensland , School of Medicine, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Matthew Bambling
- 2 Department of Psychiatry, University of Queensland , School of Medicine, Herston, Australia
| | - Sisira Edirippulige
- 1 Centers for Online Health, University of Queensland , School of Medicine, Woolloongabba, Australia
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70
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Perceptions of healthy eating amongst Indian adolescents in India and Canada. Appetite 2017; 116:471-479. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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71
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Peltzer K, Pengpid S. Dietary consumption and happiness and depression among university students: A cross-national survey. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY IN AFRICA 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2017.1347761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karl Peltzer
- HIV/AIDS/STI/and TB (HAST), Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa
- Department of Research Development and Innovation, University of Limpopo, South Africa
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Madidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhonpathom, Thailand
| | - Supa Pengpid
- Department of Research Development and Innovation, University of Limpopo, South Africa
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Madidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhonpathom, Thailand
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72
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Upward social comparison on social network sites and depressive symptoms: A moderated mediation model of self-esteem and optimism. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2017.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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73
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Quehl R, Haines J, Lewis SP, Buchholz AC. Food and Mood: Diet Quality is Inversely Associated with Depressive Symptoms in Female University Students. CAN J DIET PRACT RES 2017; 78:124-128. [PMID: 28333547 DOI: 10.3148/cjdpr-2017-007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Researchers have found support for an inverse association between diet quality and depressive symptoms in middle-aged adults. This association has not been well examined among university students, a population at risk of developing both depression and unhealthy lifestyle habits. We sought to examine the cross-sectional association between depressive symptoms and diet quality in female university students. One hundred and forty-one females (19.1 ± 1.5 years, 22.3 ± 3.4 kg/m2) were recruited from a Canadian university in 2012 and 2013. Dietary intake data were collected using 3-day food records and analysed using the Canadian Healthy Eating Index. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Results of a linear regression demonstrated an inverse association between depressive symptoms and diet quality score (β = -0.016, 95% CI = -0.029 to -0.003, P = 0.017). Elevated depressive symptoms were associated with consumption of diets of poor nutritional quality in our female university student sample. Thus, healthy eating may correspond with lower levels of depression in young adult females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Quehl
- a Department of Family Relations and Applied Human Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON
| | - Jess Haines
- a Department of Family Relations and Applied Human Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON
| | - Stephen P Lewis
- b Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON
| | - Andrea C Buchholz
- a Department of Family Relations and Applied Human Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON
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Rower HB, Olinto MTA, Gonçalves TR, Pattussi MP. The role of emotional states in fruit and vegetable consumption in Brazilian adults. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232017222.00982016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract The objective was to investigate the association between emotional states with adequate fruit and vegetable consumption (FVC). This is a population-based cross-sectional study with 1,100 adults from a medium-sized city in Southern Brazil. Adequate FVC was defined as concomitant intake ≥ 3 fruits and ≥ 5 tablespoons of vegetables per day. Exposures were self-perception of nervousness/stress and minor psychiatric disorders (MPD). Data analysis used logistic regression. After controlling for demographic, socioeconomic and behavioral variables, adults reporting lack of nervousness/stress were twice more likely to report adequate FVC than those who reported it. Similarly, those reporting not having MPD symptoms were 52% more likely to have adequate FVC than those who did not. These effects increased and remained significant among women.
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75
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Saneei P, Saghafian F, Esmaillzadeh A. Re. “Fruit and vegetable consumption and the risk of depression: A meta-analysis”: Further analysis is required. Nutrition 2016; 32:1162-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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76
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Liu B, Pu J, Hou H. Effect of perceived stress on depression of Chinese "Ant Tribe" and the moderating role of dispositional optimism. J Health Psychol 2016; 21:2725-2731. [PMID: 25957227 DOI: 10.1177/1359105315583373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examines the moderating role of dispositional optimism on the relationship between perceived stress and depression of the Chinese "Ant Tribe." A total of 427 participants from an Ant Tribe community completed the measures of perceived stress, optimism, and depression. The structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis showed that dispositional optimism moderated the association between perceived stress and depression. The Ant Tribe with high perceived stress reported higher scores in depression than those with low perceived stress at low dispositional optimism level. However, the impact of perceived stress on depression was insignificant in the high dispositional optimism group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- 1 Southwest Petroleum University, China
| | - Jun Pu
- 2 University of International Business and Economics, China
| | - Hanpo Hou
- 3 Beijing Technology and Business University, China
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77
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Chen HJ, Wang Y, Cheskin LJ. Relationship between frequency of eating and cardiovascular disease mortality in U.S. adults: the NHANES III follow-up study. Ann Epidemiol 2016; 26:527-533. [PMID: 27397905 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined longitudinal relationship between baseline daily eating frequency and all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality among U.S. adults. METHODS The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988-1992) participants were followed through 2006. Nonpregnant adults >17 years old (n = 6884) whose dietary recall was of good quality and had fasted at least 8 hours before physical examinations were eligible for this analysis. Frequency of eating was derived from 24-hour dietary recalls. Main outcomes included all-cause and CVD mortality during follow-up, based on National Death Index data. RESULTS During follow-up (median time: 176 months), 1280 subjects died, 503 of them from CVD. Adults reporting eating ≥6 times/day had a lower hazard ratio for CVD mortality than those reporting eating 4 times/day (hazard ratio = 0.68; 95% confidence interval, 0.43-1.08; test for trend, P = .011). The gradient of CVD mortality risk by eating frequency was significant for the groups with ≥2500 kcal of total energy intake (test for trend, P = .037). CONCLUSIONS Eating frequency was inversely associated with CVD mortality, which was especially marked for people reporting high total energy intake. Nevertheless, public health recommendations should be cautious, as eating frequency was positively associated with total energy intake, which could promote weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Jen Chen
- Institute and Department of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Global Obesity Prevention Center at Johns Hopkins, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD.
| | - Youfa Wang
- Global Obesity Prevention Center at Johns Hopkins, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Department of Health, Behavior & Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Systems-Oriented Global Childhood Obesity Intervention Program, Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
| | - Lawrence J Cheskin
- Global Obesity Prevention Center at Johns Hopkins, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Department of Health, Behavior & Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD.
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Park S, Daily JW, Zhang X, Jin HS, Lee HJ, Lee YH. Interactions with the MC4R rs17782313 variant, mental stress and energy intake and the risk of obesity in Genome Epidemiology Study. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2016; 13:38. [PMID: 27213003 PMCID: PMC4875620 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-016-0096-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) regulates metabolism by modulating eating behavior and MC4R variants (rs17782313 and rs571312) are associated with obesity in Asians and Caucasians. However, the impact of their interactions with nutritional and lifestyle factors on obesity are poorly described. Therefore, we investigated the interaction of MC4R variants and dietary patterns on the risk of obesity in Korean middle-aged adults. Methods Data collected included, genetic variations, anthropometric and biochemical measurements, dietary and lifestyle habits, and food intake. Data were obtained from the 8830 adults aged 40–69 years in the Ansung and Ansan cohort of the Korean Genome Epidemiology Study. Results The MC4R rs18882313 minor allele had a higher frequency in the obese group (P < 0.01). MC4R genotypes were not associated with differences in daily energy and macronutrient intakes. However, the intakes of processed foods and fat (as percentages of energy) were significantly higher and intake of fruits were significantly lower in subjects with MC4R minor alleles (P < 0.05). Interestingly, there was a positive interaction between MC4R variants and mental stress levels that were associated with the risk of obesity after adjusting for age, gender, residence area, daily energy intake, smoking status and physical activity (interaction P = 0.0384). Only in subjects with high stress were MC4R minor alleles associated with higher BMIs after adjusting for confounders. The association was present without modulating energy and nutrient intake. In the group with energy intakes higher than estimated energy requirement (EER), subjects with MC4R minor alleles had higher BMIs than those with the major alleles (P < 0.001). Conclusions The interactions of mental stress and energy intakes with the MC4R minor allele genotype might be associated with increased risk of obesity in Korean adults. This research might identify subjects with a specific MC4R minor alleles as a human subset of people with a low metabolic tolerance for excessive energy intake, especially when under stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunmin Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, 165 Sechul-Ri, BaeBang-Yup, Asan-Si, Chung Nam-Do 336-795 South Korea
| | - James W Daily
- Department of R&D, Daily Manufacturing Inc., Rockwell, NC USA
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, 165 Sechul-Ri, BaeBang-Yup, Asan-Si, Chung Nam-Do 336-795 South Korea
| | - Hyun Seok Jin
- Department of Biomedical Science, Hoseo University, Asan, South Korea
| | - Hye Ja Lee
- Center for Biomedical Science, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Yong Hyun Lee
- Department of Nanobiomechatronics, Hoseo University, Asan, South Korea
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Relationships of cognitive load on eating and weight-related behaviors of young adults. Eat Behav 2016; 21:89-94. [PMID: 26826647 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the relationship between weight-related behaviors and cognitive load (working memory available to complete mental activities like those required for planning meals, selecting foods, and other health-related decisions). Thus, the purpose of this study was to explore associations between cognitive load and eating behaviors, physical activity, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference of college students. College students (n=1018) from 13 institutions completed an online survey assessing eating behaviors (e.g., routine and compensatory restraint, emotional eating, and fruit/vegetable intake), stress level, and physical activity level. BMI and waist circumference were measured by trained researchers. A cognitive load score was derived from stress level, time pressure/income needs, race and nationality. High cognitive load participants (n=425) were significantly (P<0.05) more likely to be female, older, and further along in school than those with low cognitive loads (n=593). Compared to low cognitive load participants, high cognitive load participants were significantly more likely to eat <5 cups of fruits/vegetables/day, have greater routine and compensatory restraint, and greater susceptibility to eating in response to external cues and emotional eating. Both males and females with high cognitive load scores had a non-significant trend toward higher BMIs, waist circumferences, and drinking more alcohol than low cognitive load counterparts. In conclusion, cognitive load may be an important contributor to health behaviors. Understanding how cognitive load may affect eating and other weight-related behaviors could potentially lead to improvements in the effectiveness of obesity prevention and intervention programs.
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Tajik E, Latiffah AL, Awang H, Siti Nur’Asyura A, Chin YS, Azrin Shah AB, Patricia Koh CH, Mohd Izudin Hariz CG. Unhealthy diet practice and symptoms of stress and depression among adolescents in Pasir Gudang, Malaysia. Obes Res Clin Pract 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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81
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Burghardt PR, Krolewski DM, Dykhuis KE, Ching J, Pinawin AM, Britton SL, Koch LG, Watson SJ, Akil H. Nucleus accumbens cocaine-amphetamine regulated transcript mediates food intake during novelty conflict. Physiol Behav 2016; 158:76-84. [PMID: 26926827 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a persistent and pervasive problem, particularly in industrialized nations. It has come to be appreciated that the metabolic health of an individual can influence brain function and subsequent behavioral patterns. To examine the relationship between metabolic phenotype and central systems that regulate behavior, we tested rats with divergent metabolic phenotypes (Low Capacity Runner: LCR vs. High Capacity Runner: HCR) for behavioral responses to the conflict between hunger and environmental novelty using the novelty suppressed feeding (NSF) paradigm. Additionally, we measured expression of mRNA, for peptides involved in energy management, in response to fasting. Following a 24-h fast, LCR rats showed lower latencies to begin eating in a novel environment compared to HCR rats. A 48-h fast equilibrated the latency to begin eating in the novel environment. A 24-h fast differentially affected expression of cocaine-amphetamine regulated transcript (CART) mRNA in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), where 24-h of fasting reduced CART mRNA in LCR rats. Bilateral microinjections of CART 55-102 peptide into the NAc increased the latency to begin eating in the NSF paradigm following a 24-h fast in LCR rats. These results indicate that metabolic phenotype influences how animals cope with the conflict between hunger and novelty, and that these differences are at least partially mediated by CART signaling in the NAc. For individuals with poor metabolic health who have to navigate food-rich and stressful environments, changes in central systems that mediate conflicting drives may feed into the rates of obesity and exacerbate the difficulty individuals have in maintaining weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Burghardt
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI.
| | - D M Krolewski
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - K E Dykhuis
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - J Ching
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - A M Pinawin
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - S L Britton
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - L G Koch
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - S J Watson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - H Akil
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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Richardson AS, Arsenault JE, Cates SC, Muth MK. Perceived stress, unhealthy eating behaviors, and severe obesity in low-income women. Nutr J 2015; 14:122. [PMID: 26630944 PMCID: PMC4668704 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-015-0110-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Stress has been associated with poor eating behaviors and diet quality, as well as high body mass index (BMI). Low-income women may be particularly vulnerable to stress and severe obesity. Yet it is unknown how stress increases the risk of severe obesity through disordered eating behaviors and poor diet quality or through mechanisms independent of diet. Methods We examined cross-sectional data from women (n = 101) with a child enrolled in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children in Cumberland County, North Carolina (spring 2012). We collected measured heights and weights to calculate BMI. Using structural equation modeling, we differentiated pathways from stress to weight status: (1) indirectly through eating behaviors (cognitive restraint, emotional eating, and uncontrolled eating) and diet quality, which we examined with the Healthy Eating Index 2010 and 24-h dietary recalls, and (2) directly through possible unmeasured risk factors independent of diet. The analysis controlled for race/ethnicity, income, age, whether the dietary recall day was typical, and whether the respondent completed one or two 24-h dietary recalls. Results Perceived stress was positively associated with uncontrolled eating (β = 0.38, p < 0.001) and emotional eating (β = 0.50, p < 0.001). However, higher stress was not associated with weight status through eating behaviors and diet quality. Independent of eating behaviors and diet quality, stress was positively associated with severe obesity (β = 0.26, p = 0.007). Conclusions Improving stress coping strategies for low-income women may improve eating behaviors and reduce severe obesity. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12937-015-0110-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea S Richardson
- RAND Health, RAND Corporation, 570 Fifth Ave. #600, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Joanne E Arsenault
- U.C. Davis, Program in International and Community Nutrition, 3217A Meyer Hall One Shields Ave., Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Sheryl C Cates
- RTI International, Food and Nutrition Policy Research Program, 3040 E. Cornwallis Rd., Research Triangle, Park, NC, 27709-3910, USA.
| | - Mary K Muth
- RTI International, Food and Nutrition Policy Research Program, 3040 E. Cornwallis Rd., Research Triangle, Park, NC, 27709-3910, USA.
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El Ansari W, Berg-Beckhoff G. Nutritional Correlates of Perceived Stress among University Students in Egypt. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:14164-76. [PMID: 26561825 PMCID: PMC4661639 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph121114164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Food intake choice and amount might change with stress. However, this has not been examined among Egyptian students. We examined students’ stress levels, its correlation with their consumption of a range of food groups, and adherence to dietary guidelines. A cross sectional survey (N = 2810 undergraduates at 11 faculties at Assiut University, Egypt) assessed two composite food intake pattern scores (one unhealthy: sweets, cakes, snacks; and a healthy one: fruits and vegetables), and two indicators of healthy eating (subjective importance of healthy eating; and dietary guideline adherence index). Multiple linear regression tested the associations of stress with two food intake pattern scores and two indicators of healthy eating, controlling for six potential confounders for the sample and separately for males and females. Higher perceived stress score was significantly associated with less frequent food intake of fruit and vegetables in males and females. The association was more pronounced among males than in females. No significant association was observed between the sweets cakes and snacks score and stress. Of the two indicators of healthy eating, the dietary guideline adherence index was not associated with stress, while the subjective judgment of healthy eating was consistently negatively associated with stress. Stress related decreased-eating was present. Recent studies suggest that stress could be associated with either decreased or increased eating depending on the study population, food group, and type of stressor. Further research is necessary to understand stress related over- and undereating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid El Ansari
- Faculty of Sport, Health and Social Care, University of Gloucestershire, Gloucester GL2 9HW, UK.
| | - Gabriele Berg-Beckhoff
- Unit for Health Promotion Research, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Niels Bohrs Vej 9-10, 6700 Esbjerg, Denmark.
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El Ansari W, Suominen S, Berg-Beckhoff G. Is Healthier Nutrition Behaviour Associated with Better Self-Reported Health and Less Health Complaints? Evidence from Turku, Finland. Nutrients 2015; 7:8478-90. [PMID: 26473918 PMCID: PMC4632429 DOI: 10.3390/nu7105409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined nutrition behaviour, self-reported health and 20 health complaints of undergraduates in Finland. Students at the University of Turku in Finland participated in a cross-sectional online survey (N = 1189). For nutrition behaviour, we computed two composite food intake pattern scores (sweets, cakes and snacks; and fruits and vegetables), a dietary guideline adherence index and the subjective importance of healthy eating. Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI). Factor analysis of the 20 health complaints revealed three components (psychological, pains/aches and circulatory/breathing symptoms). Multiple linear regression tested the association of students' eating habits with the three components of health complaints, controlling for the same confounders. Fruits and raw and cooked vegetable consumption, dietary guideline adherence index and subjective importance of healthy eating were highest among students with excellent/very good self-reported health, exhibiting a decreasing trend for those individuals with poor/fair self-reported health. High levels of psychological symptoms were associated with decreased consumption of fruits and vegetables, less dietary guideline adherence and less subjective importance of healthy eating. Pain/aches symptoms were associated with a higher consumption of sweets, cookies and snacks and a lower adherence to dietary guidelines. More healthy nutrition behaviour was consistently associated with better self-reported health and less health complaints. Of the four nutrition behaviour indicators we employed, the dietary guideline adherence index was the best indicator and exhibited the most consistent associations with self-reported health and health complaints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid El Ansari
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Gloucestershire, Gloucester GL2-9HW, UK.
| | - Sakari Suominen
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku FIN-20014, Finland.
- Department of Public Health, University of Skövde, Skövde S-54128, Sweden.
- Folkhälsan Research Center, FIN-00251 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Gabriele Berg-Beckhoff
- Unit for Health Promotion Research, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, 6700 Esbjerg, Denmark.
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85
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Fruit and vegetable consumption and the risk of depression: A meta-analysis. Nutrition 2015; 32:296-302. [PMID: 26691768 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2015.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Epidemiologic investigations evaluating the association of fruit and vegetable consumption with depression risk have yielded controversial results. Therefore, a meta-analysis was carried out to qualitatively summarize the evidence regarding association of fruit and vegetable intake with risk of depression in the general population. METHODS PubMed, Embase, and Web of Knowledge were searched for relevant articles published up to June 2015. To evaluate the association of fruit and vegetable intake with depression risk, combined relative risks were calculated with the fixed or random effects model. Meta-regression was conducted to explore potential sources of heterogeneity. Publication bias was estimated by the Egger's test and the funnel plot. RESULTS Ten studies involving 227 852 participants for fruit intake and eight studies involving 218 699 participants for vegetable intake were finally included in this study. The combined relative risk (95% confidence interval) of depression for the highest versus lowest category of fruit and vegetable intake was 0.86 (0.81, 0.91; P < 0.01) and 0.89 (0.83, 0.94; P < 0.01), respectively. In subgroup analyses stratified by study design, the inverse association of fruit (0.83 [0.77, 0.91; P = 0.006]) and vegetable (0.88 [0.79, 0.96; P = 0.007]) intake with risk of depression was also observed in the cohort study. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis indicated that fruit and vegetable consumption might be inversely associated with the risk of depression, respectively.
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86
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Barker ME, Blain RJ, Russell JM. The influence of academic examinations on energy and nutrient intake in male university students. Nutr J 2015; 14:98. [PMID: 26408322 PMCID: PMC4583157 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-015-0088-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Taking examinations is central to student experience at University and may cause psychological stress. Although stress is recognised to impact on food intake, the effects of undertaking examinations on students' dietary intake have not been well characterised. The purpose of this study was to assess how students' energy and nutrient intake may alter during examination periods. METHODS The study design was a within-subject comparison of students' energy and nutrient intake during an examination period contrasted with that outside an examination period (baseline). A total of 20 male students from the University of Sheffield completed an automated photographic 4-d dietary record alongside four 24-h recalls in each time period. Daily energy and nutrient intake was estimated for each student by time period and change in energy and nutrient intake calculated. Intakes at baseline were compared to UK dietary recommendations. Cluster analysis categorised students according to their change in energy intake between baseline and the examination period. Non-parametric statistical tests identified differences by cluster. RESULTS Baseline intakes did not meet recommendations for energy, non-milk extrinsic sugars, non-starch polysaccharide and sodium. Three defined clusters of students were identified: Cluster D who decreased daily energy intake by 12.06 MJ (n = 5), Cluster S who had similar energy intakes (n = 13) and Cluster I who substantially increased energy intake by 6.37 MJ (n = 2) between baseline and examination period. There were statistically significant differences (all p < 0.05) in change in intake of protein, carbohydrate, calcium and sodium between clusters. Cluster D recorded greater energy, carbohydrate and protein intakes than Cluster I at baseline. CONCLUSIONS The majority of students were dietary resilient. Students who demonstrated hypophagia in the examination period had a high energy and nutrient intake at baseline, conversely those who showed hyperphagia had a low energy and nutrient intake. These patterns require confirmation in studies including women, but if confirmed, there is need to address some students' poor food choice especially during examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margo E Barker
- Department of Oncology, Human Nutrition Unit, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S102RX, UK.
| | - Richard J Blain
- Department of Oncology, Human Nutrition Unit, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S102RX, UK
| | - Jean M Russell
- Corporate Information and Computing Service, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Evaluation of Nutritional Status of Patients with Depression. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:521481. [PMID: 26413529 PMCID: PMC4564617 DOI: 10.1155/2015/521481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Aims and Objectives. Our goal was to determine nutritional status, body composition, and biochemical parameters of patients diagnosed with depression based on DSM-IV-TR criteria. Methods. A total of 59 individuals, aged 18–60 years admitted to Mental Health Centre of Kayseri Education and Research Hospital, were included in the study. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups; depression group (n = 29) and control group (n = 30). Anthropometric measurements, some biochemical parameters, demographic data, and 24-hour dietary recall were evaluated. Results. 65.5% of depression and 60.0% of control group were female. Intake of vitamins A, thiamine, riboflavin, B6, folate, C, Na, K, Mg, Ca, P, Fe, Zn, and fibre (p < 0.05) were lower in depression group. Median levels of body weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (p < 0.05) were significantly higher in depression group. Fasting blood glucose levels, serum vitamins B12, and folic acid (p < 0.05) in depression group were lower than controls. Serum insulin and HOMA levels of two groups were similar. Conclusion. Some vitamin B consumption and serum vitamin B12 and folic acid levels were low while signs of abdominal obesity were high among patients with depression. Future research exploring nutritional status of individuals with depression is warranted.
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88
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Tanenbaum HC, Felicitas JQ, Li Y, Tobias M, Chou CP, Palmer PH, Spruijt-Metz D, Reynolds KD, Anderson Johnson C, Xie B. Overweight Perception: Associations with Weight Control Goals, Attempts, and Practices among Chinese Female College Students. J Acad Nutr Diet 2015; 116:458-466. [PMID: 26260670 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2015.06.383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concurrent with the dramatic cultural and economic shifts occurring as mainland China becomes increasingly "Westernized," the weight perceptions, ideal body weight, and weight management goals and practices of Chinese females have also undergone significant changes. OBJECTIVE To investigate relationships between overweight status, weight perception patterns, and weight management goals and practices in Chinese female college students. DESIGN/PARTICIPANTS/SETTING A cross-sectional analysis was conducted with data from 902 female subjects aged 18 to 25 years participating in the China Seven Cities Study, a health promotion and smoking prevention study conducted in mainland China in 2003. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES/STATISTICAL ANALYSES Logistic regression models were used to explore associations between overweight status, weight perception, specific weight management goals and practices, and current levels of vigorous-intensity physical activity and food consumption. RESULTS Based on World Health Organization standards for Asian adults, 16.7% of college females were overweight or obese, although 50.8% considered themselves to be "too heavy." Among participants perceiving themselves as overweight (n=458), 69.2% (n=371) were inaccurate and did not meet criteria for overweight or obese. The percentage of participants attempting weight loss was 48.2%, and 33.1% wanted to maintain their current weight. Attempts to lose or maintain weight were related to actual and perceived weight status, but not to increased vigorous-intensity physical activity or fruit and vegetable intake, nor to decreased consumption of sweets, soda, Western fast foods, and fried foods. Only 21.5% of participants desiring weight loss or maintenance reported using a combination of vigorous-intensity physical activity and a reduced-fat and -calorie diet, whereas 20.2% tried extreme methods such as fasting, using diet pills, vomiting, or smoking. CONCLUSIONS Our findings underscore the need to promote healthy weight management practices among Chinese female college students, with an emphasis on diet and physical activity strategies that encourage balance rather than extremes.
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89
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Gangwisch JE, Hale L, Garcia L, Malaspina D, Opler MG, Payne ME, Rossom RC, Lane D. High glycemic index diet as a risk factor for depression: analyses from the Women's Health Initiative. Am J Clin Nutr 2015; 102:454-63. [PMID: 26109579 PMCID: PMC4515860 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.114.103846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The consumption of sweetened beverages, refined foods, and pastries has been shown to be associated with an increased risk of depression in longitudinal studies. However, any influence that refined carbohydrates has on mood could be commensurate with their proportion in the overall diet; studies are therefore needed that measure overall intakes of carbohydrate and sugar, glycemic index (GI), and glycemic load. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that higher dietary GI and glycemic load would be associated with greater odds of the prevalence and incidence of depression. DESIGN This was a prospective cohort study to investigate the relations between dietary GI, glycemic load, and other carbohydrate measures (added sugars, total sugars, glucose, sucrose, lactose, fructose, starch, carbohydrate) and depression in postmenopausal women who participated in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study at baseline between 1994 and 1998 (n = 87,618) and at the 3-y follow-up (n = 69,954). RESULTS We found a progressively higher dietary GI to be associated with increasing odds of incident depression in fully adjusted models (OR for the fifth compared with first quintile: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.37), with the trend being statistically significant (P = 0.0032). Progressively higher consumption of dietary added sugars was also associated with increasing odds of incident depression (OR for the fifth compared with first quintile: 1.23; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.41; P-trend = 0.0029). Higher consumption of lactose, fiber, nonjuice fruit, and vegetables was significantly associated with lower odds of incident depression, and nonwhole/refined grain consumption was associated with increased odds of depression. CONCLUSIONS The results from this study suggest that high-GI diets could be a risk factor for depression in postmenopausal women. Randomized trials should be undertaken to examine the question of whether diets rich in low-GI foods could serve as treatments and primary preventive measures for depression in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E Gangwisch
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY;
| | - Lauren Hale
- Program of Public Health and Department of Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Lorena Garcia
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Dolores Malaspina
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Mark G Opler
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Martha E Payne
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development and the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; and
| | - Rebecca C Rossom
- Health Partners Institute for Education and Research and Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Dorothy Lane
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
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Hebden L, Chan HN, Louie JC, Rangan A, Allman-Farinelli M. You are what you choose to eat: factors influencing young adults' food selection behaviour. J Hum Nutr Diet 2015; 28:401-8. [DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Hebden
- School of Molecular Bioscience; Faculty of Science; The University of Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - H. N. Chan
- School of Molecular Bioscience; Faculty of Science; The University of Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - J. C. Louie
- School of Molecular Bioscience; Faculty of Science; The University of Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - A. Rangan
- School of Molecular Bioscience; Faculty of Science; The University of Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - M. Allman-Farinelli
- School of Molecular Bioscience; Faculty of Science; The University of Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
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91
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Schepers R, Markus CR. Gene × cognition interaction on stress-induced eating: effect of rumination. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2015; 54:41-53. [PMID: 25678186 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2015.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
People often crave for high-caloric sweet foods when facing stress and this 'emotional eating' is a most important cause for weight gain and obesity. Eating under stress contrasts with the normally expected response of a loss of appetite, yet in spite of intensive research from neurobiological and cognitive disciplines we still do not know why stress or negative affect triggers overeating in so many of us. Since the prevalence of overweight and obesity still rises, the discovery of crucial risk factors is a most desirable goal of today's research on sub-optimal eating habits. This paper summarizes the most relevant current knowledge from the (human) literature regarding cognitive and biological vulnerabilities for stress-induced emotional eating. A (non-systematic) review of the most relevant studies reveals that most studies contemplate a rather one-directional way of focusing on either cognitive or biological factors, showing inconsistent results. The current paper elaborates and/or integrates these findings into a biological-cognitive interaction model in which a specific combination of genetic and cognitive vulnerabilities are thought to increase our bio-behavioral response to stress, critically increasing the rewarding value of pleasant foods and, hence, emotional eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robbie Schepers
- University Maastricht, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Neuropsychology & Psychopharmacology, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - C Rob Markus
- University Maastricht, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Neuropsychology & Psychopharmacology, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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92
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Poulos NS, Pasch KE. Energy drink consumption is associated with unhealthy dietary behaviours among college youth. Perspect Public Health 2015; 135:316-21. [PMID: 25667166 DOI: 10.1177/1757913914565388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIM Energy drink consumption has been associated with a variety of health risk behaviours, yet little research has explored the relationship between energy drinks and dietary behaviours of emerging adults. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between energy drink consumption and dietary behaviours among energy drink users and non-users within a sample of college youth. METHODS College freshmen (n = 585, m age = 18.7 years; 47% non-Hispanic White, 20.9% Hispanic, 25.5% Asian, 2.7% non-Hispanic Black and 4.4% other; 56% female), at a large, southwest university self-reported their energy drink consumption in the past week and a variety of dietary behaviours, including past week soda, diet soda, pre-packaged salty snacks, pre-packaged sweet snacks, fast food, restaurant food, frozen food, fruits, vegetables, milk and breakfast consumption. Linear regression analyses were run to determine associations between energy drink consumption and dietary behaviour among users and non-users of energy drinks. Analyses controlled for gender, race/ethnicity and body mass index (BMI). RESULTS Overall, 17.5% of students had consumed energy drinks in the past week. Energy drink users were more likely to be male, White and have a greater BMI. Students also reported low past week intake of fruits, vegetables, milk and breakfast. Past week energy drink consumption was associated with increased soda and frozen meal consumption. CONCLUSION Given a rapidly expanding energy drink market, future dietary interventions among college youth may want to consider the implications of energy drinks, as results of this study suggest consumption of these beverages is associated with unhealthy dietary behaviours and a greater BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie S Poulos
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Keryn E Pasch
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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Stress and dietary behaviour among first-year university students in Australia: Sex differences. Nutrition 2015; 31:324-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2014] [Revised: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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94
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El Ansari W, Adetunji H, Oskrochi R. Food and mental health: relationship between food and perceived stress and depressive symptoms among university students in the United Kingdom. Cent Eur J Public Health 2014; 22:90-7. [PMID: 25230537 DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a3941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The current study assessed, by university and sex, the association between nutritional behaviour (twelve independent variables), and stress and depressive symptoms (dependent variables) in a sample from three UK countries. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was undertaken among undergraduates enrolled across seven universities in England, Wales and Northern Ireland (N = 3,706). Self-administered questionnaires included a 12-item food frequency questionnaire, Cohen's Perceived Stress Scale and modified Beck Depression Inventory. Sex and university comparisons were undertaken. Univariable and multivariable regression analyses were computed for each of the two outcomes--perceived stress and depressive symptoms. RESULTS The frequencies of consuming of the various food groups differed by university and sex, as did depressive symptoms and perceived stress. Multivariable regression analyses indicated that consuming 'unhealthy' foods (e.g. sweets, cookies, snacks, fast food) was significantly positively associated with perceived stress (females only) and depressive symptoms (both males and females). Conversely, consuming 'healthy' foods (e.g. fresh fruits, salads, cooked vegetables) was significantly negatively associated with perceived stress and depressive symptoms scores for both sexes. There was significant negative association between consuming fish/sea food and depressive symptoms among males only. For males and for females, consuming lemonade/soft drinks, meat/sausage products, dairy/dairy products, and cereal/cereal products were not associated with either perceived stress or depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The associations between consuming 'unhealthy' foods and higher depressive symptoms and perceived stress among male and female students as well as the associations between consuming 'healthy' foods and lower depressive symptoms and perceived stress among male and female students in three UK countries suggest that interventions to reduce depressive symptoms and stress among students could also result in the consumption of healthier foods and/or vice versa.
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95
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Negative Recurrent Thinking as a Moderator of the Relationship Between Perceived Stress and Depressive Symptoms. JOURNAL OF RATIONAL-EMOTIVE AND COGNITIVE-BEHAVIOR THERAPY 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10942-014-0192-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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96
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The potential role of fruit and vegetables in aspects of psychological well-being: a review of the literature and future directions. Proc Nutr Soc 2013; 72:420-32. [PMID: 24020691 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665113003388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present paper was to review the literature investigating the potential relationship between fruit and vegetables (FV) and psychological well-being. The rising prevalence of mental ill health is causing considerable societal burden. Inexpensive and effective strategies are therefore required to improve the psychological well-being of the population, and to reduce the negative impact of mental health problems. A growing body of literature suggests that dietary intake may have the potential to influence psychological well-being. For example, studies have suggested that particular dietary constituents, including vitamins and minerals, might be beneficial to psychological health. However, in order to better reflect normal dietary intake, health-based research has increasingly begun to focus on whole foods and dietary patterns, rather than individual nutrients. One food group that has received increasing attention with regard to psychological health is FV. This is probably a result of the strong evidence base, which exists in relation to their protective association with a number of chronic diseases, as well as the fact that they are a rich source of some of the nutrients which have been linked to psychological health. While some promising findings exist with regards to FV intake and psychological well-being, overall, results are inconsistent. Possible reasons for this, such as methodological issues related to study design and the measurement of psychological well-being and FV intake, are discussed within this review. Based on the predominantly observational nature of existing literature, the present paper concludes that future well-designed randomised controlled trials are required to investigate the relationship further.
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97
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Bonaccio M, Di Castelnuovo A, Bonanni A, Costanzo S, De Lucia F, Pounis G, Zito F, Donati MB, de Gaetano G, Iacoviello L. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet is associated with a better health-related quality of life: a possible role of high dietary antioxidant content. BMJ Open 2013; 3:e003003. [PMID: 23943771 PMCID: PMC3752056 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2013-003003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mediterranean diet (MD) is associated with a reduced risk of major chronic disease. Health-related quality of life (HRQL) is a valid predictor of mortality. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between MD and HRQL and to examine the possible role of dietary antioxidants, fibre content and/or fatty acid components. DESIGN Cross-sectional study on a sample of Italian participants enrolled in the Moli-sani Project, a population-based cohort study. Food intake was recorded by the Italian European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition study food frequency questionnaire. Adherence to MD was appraised by a Greek Mediterranean diet score (MDS), an Italian Mediterranean diet index (IMI) and by principal component analysis (PCA). HRQL was assessed by the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey. SETTING Molise region, Italy. PARTICIPANTS 16 937 participants of 24 325 Italian citizens (age≥35). MAIN OUTCOMES Dietary patterns and HRQL. RESULTS Mental health was associated consistently and positively with MDS, IMI and an 'Olive oil and vegetable' pattern (PCA1), but negatively with an 'Eggs and sweets' pattern (PCA3). Physical health was associated positively with MDS and PCA1, but negatively with a 'Meat and pasta' pattern. Subjects with the highest MD adherence had 42% (MDS), 34% (IMI) or 59% (PCA1) statistically significant multivariable odds of being in the uppermost level of mental health, as compared with subjects in the lowest category. The associations disappeared after further adjustment for either total food antioxidant content or dietary fibre, while they were not modified by the inclusion of either monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fatty acids. Individuals in the highest PCA1 or PCA3 had significantly higher odds of being in the top level of physical health. CONCLUSIONS Adherence to an MD pattern is associated with better HRQL. The association is stronger with mental health than with physical health. Dietary total antioxidant and fibre content independently explain this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marialaura Bonaccio
- Laboratory of Genetic and Environmental Epidemiology, Laboratori di Ricerca, Fondazione di Ricerca e Cura “Giovanni Paolo II”, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Campobasso, Italy
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | - Augusto Di Castelnuovo
- Laboratory of Genetic and Environmental Epidemiology, Laboratori di Ricerca, Fondazione di Ricerca e Cura “Giovanni Paolo II”, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Americo Bonanni
- Laboratory of Genetic and Environmental Epidemiology, Laboratori di Ricerca, Fondazione di Ricerca e Cura “Giovanni Paolo II”, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Campobasso, Italy
- Epicomed Research Srl, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Simona Costanzo
- Laboratory of Genetic and Environmental Epidemiology, Laboratori di Ricerca, Fondazione di Ricerca e Cura “Giovanni Paolo II”, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Francesca De Lucia
- Laboratory of Genetic and Environmental Epidemiology, Laboratori di Ricerca, Fondazione di Ricerca e Cura “Giovanni Paolo II”, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Campobasso, Italy
| | - George Pounis
- Laboratory of Genetic and Environmental Epidemiology, Laboratori di Ricerca, Fondazione di Ricerca e Cura “Giovanni Paolo II”, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Francesco Zito
- Laboratory of Genetic and Environmental Epidemiology, Laboratori di Ricerca, Fondazione di Ricerca e Cura “Giovanni Paolo II”, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Maria Benedetta Donati
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | - Giovanni de Gaetano
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | - Licia Iacoviello
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Neurovascular Epidemiology, Casa di Cura Montevergine, Mercogliano, Avellino, Italy
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98
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Quirk SE, Williams LJ, O’Neil A, Pasco JA, Jacka FN, Housden S, Berk M, Brennan SL. The association between diet quality, dietary patterns and depression in adults: a systematic review. BMC Psychiatry 2013; 13:175. [PMID: 23802679 PMCID: PMC3706241 DOI: 10.1186/1471-244x-13-175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence suggests that diet modifies key biological factors associated with the development of depression; however, associations between diet quality and depression are not fully understood. We performed a systematic review to evaluate existing evidence regarding the association between diet quality and depression. METHOD A computer-aided literature search was conducted using Medline, CINAHL, and PsycINFO, January 1965 to October 2011, and a best-evidence analysis performed. RESULTS Twenty-five studies from nine countries met eligibility criteria. Our best-evidence analyses found limited evidence to support an association between traditional diets (Mediterranean or Norwegian diets) and depression. We also observed a conflicting level of evidence for associations between (i) a traditional Japanese diet and depression, (ii) a "healthy" diet and depression, (iii) a Western diet and depression, and (iv) individuals with depression and the likelihood of eating a less healthy diet. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first review to synthesize and critically analyze evidence regarding diet quality, dietary patterns and depression. Further studies are urgently required to elucidate whether a true causal association exists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shae E Quirk
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Lana J Williams
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia,Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Adrienne O’Neil
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia,School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Julie A Pasco
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia,Northwest Academic Centre, Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Sunshine Hospital, 176 Furlong Road, St Albans, Australia
| | - Felice N Jacka
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia,Northwest Academic Centre, Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Sunshine Hospital, 176 Furlong Road, St Albans, Australia,Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, Parkville, Australia
| | | | - Michael Berk
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia,Northwest Academic Centre, Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Sunshine Hospital, 176 Furlong Road, St Albans, Australia,Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, Parkville, Australia,Mental Health Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - Sharon L Brennan
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia,Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia,Northwest Academic Centre, Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Sunshine Hospital, 176 Furlong Road, St Albans, Australia,Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science, The University of Melbourne, 176 Furlong Road, St Albans, Australia
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99
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Korn L, Gonen E, Shaked Y, Golan M. Health perceptions, self and body image, physical activity and nutrition among undergraduate students in Israel. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58543. [PMID: 23516503 PMCID: PMC3597731 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study examines health perceptions, self and body image, physical exercise and nutrition among undergraduate students. Methods A structured, self-reported questionnaire was administered to more than 1500 students at a large academic institute in Israel. The study population was heterogenic in both gender and fields of academic study. Results High correlations between health perceptions, appropriate nutrition, and positive self and body image were found. The relationships between these variables differed between the subpopulation in the sample and the different genders. Engagement in physical exercise contributed to positive body image and positive health perceptions more than engagement in healthy nutrition. Nutrition students reported higher frequencies of positive health perceptions, positive self and body image and higher engagement in physical exercise in comparison to all other students in the sample. Conclusions This study suggests, as have many before, that successful health promotion policy should reflect a collectivist rather than an individualist ethos by providing health prerequisites through a public policy of health-promotion, where the academic settings support a healthy lifestyle policy, by increasing availability of a healthy, nutritious and varied menu in the cafeterias, and offering students various activities that enhance healthy eating and exercise. Implications and contribution This study examined health perceptions, self-image, physical exercise and nutrition among undergraduate students and found high correlations between these topics. Nutrition students reported higher frequencies of positive health perceptions, and positive self and body image and engaged more in physical exercise when compared with all other students in the sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liat Korn
- Ariel University Center of Samaria, School of Health Sciences, Department of Health Management, Ariel, Israel.
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100
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Badrasawi MM, Shahar S, Abd Manaf Z, Haron H. Effect of Talbinah food consumption on depressive symptoms among elderly individuals in long term care facilities, randomized clinical trial. Clin Interv Aging 2013; 8:279-85. [PMID: 23493965 PMCID: PMC3593710 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s37586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Talbinah is a barley syrup cooked with milk and sweetened by honey. In his famous Hadith on Talbinah, the Prophet Mohammad (SAW) recommended it when sad events happen for its effect on soothing hearts and relieving sadness. This 3-week crossover designed, randomized clinical trial was conducted to determine the effect of Talbinah on mood and depression among institutionalized elderly people in Seremban. A sample of 30 depressed elderly subjects (21 men and 9 women) was selected from the long term care facility. Three different interview-based validated scales (Geriatric Depression Scale, Depression Anxiety Stress Scales, and Profile of Mood States) were used to determine mood, depression, stress, and anxiety at week 0, 3, 4, and 7. The nutritional value of Talbinah was examined using proximate food analysis, minerals content analysis, and differential amino acid analysis. The results indicated that Talbinah is a high carbohydrate food (86.4%) and has a high tryptophan: branch chain amino acids ratio (1:2). A Wilcoxon nonparametric test showed that there was a statistically significant decrease on depression, stress, and mood disturbances scores among the intervention group (P < 0.05) for all parameters. In conclusion, Talbinah has the potential to reduce depression and enhance mood among the subjects. Ingestion of functional foods such as Talbinah may provide a mental health benefit to elderly people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal M Badrasawi
- School of Health Care Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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