51
|
Dai W, Holmstrup M, Slotsbo S, Bakker R, Damgaard C, van Gestel CAM. Heat stress delays detoxification of phenanthrene in the springtail Folsomia candida. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:137119. [PMID: 36334742 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Climate change has intensified the occurrence of heat waves, resulting in organisms being exposed to thermal and chemical stress at the same time. The effects of mild heat shock combined with sublethal concentrations of phenanthrene (PHE) on defense mechanisms in springtails Folsomia candida were investigated. The transcription of Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) was significantly upregulated by heat shock but tended to reach the control levels after 42 h of recovery. The transcription of cytochrome P450 3A13 (CYP3A13) was upregulated 3-13 fold by PHE but suppressed by heat shock. The suppression by heat shock might contribute to the reduced detoxification of PHE during high-temperature exposure. In line with this, we found that the internal PHE concentration was approximately 70% higher in heat-shocked springtails than in animals kept at control temperature. In general, the transcription of genes encoding enzymes of detoxification phase Ⅱ (glutathione S-transferase 3) and phase Ⅲ (ABC transporter 1) and the activity of antioxidant defense enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) were less influenced than genes encoding phase I detoxification mechanisms (CYP3A13). These results indicate that heat shock delays the detoxification of PHE in springtails.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wencai Dai
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Section of Terrestrial Ecology, Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, C.F. Møllers Alle 4-6, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Martin Holmstrup
- Section of Terrestrial Ecology, Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, C.F. Møllers Alle 4-6, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Stine Slotsbo
- Section of Terrestrial Ecology, Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, C.F. Møllers Alle 4-6, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ruben Bakker
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Christian Damgaard
- Section of Terrestrial Ecology, Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, C.F. Møllers Alle 4-6, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Cornelis A M van Gestel
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Wang X, Zhang Q, Zhang T, Shao S, Wang Q, Dong Z, Zhao J. Evaluation of antioxidant capacity and digestive enzyme activities in Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to nanoplastics under different patterns of hypoxia. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 183:105849. [PMID: 36565507 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2022.105849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In the marine environment, plastic pollution may occur simultaneously with hypoxia. However, current ecological risk assessments of nanoplastics have rarely considered the impact of additional environmental factors, such as hypoxia. In this study, we investigated the effect of polystyrene nanospheres (PS-NPs) on the digestive performance (antioxidant system and digestive enzymes) of mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis under different patterns of hypoxia (normoxia, constant hypoxia, and fluctuating hypoxia). The result showed that PS-NPs caused oxidative damage in the digestive glands of mussels, while all patterns of hypoxia exacerbated this oxidative damage. Activities of four digestive enzymes (α-amylase, cellulase, trypsin, and lipase) were examined. Among these, the activity of the α-amylase was inhibited by PS-NPs, and the inhibition was aggravated by all the hypoxia patterns. The cellulase activity and trypsin activity was enhanced by PS-NPs, and the increase was further stimulated by hypoxia. Lipase activity was not affected by PS-NPs alone, but significant inhibition was detected after the coexposure to PS-NPs and hypoxia. Conclusively, the combined stress of hypoxia and nanoplastics can significantly affect the digestive performance of mussels and may alter the mussel nutrient uptake strategy. Our work has provided new insight into the ecological risk assessment of plastics under global climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, 264117, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, 264117, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, PR China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, 264117, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Shengyuan Shao
- Yantai Institute of China Agricultural University, Yantai, Shandong, 264670, PR China
| | - Qing Wang
- Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, 264117, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, PR China
| | - Zhijun Dong
- Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, 264117, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, PR China
| | - Jianmin Zhao
- Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, 264117, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Couée I. Perspectives in Plant Abiotic Stress Signaling. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2642:429-444. [PMID: 36944892 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3044-0_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
State-of-the-art collections of strategies, approaches, and methods are immediately useful for ongoing characterizations or for novel discoveries in the scientific field of plant abiotic stress signaling. It must however be kept in mind that, in the future, these strategies, approaches, and methods will be facing a number of increasingly complex issues. The development of the necessary confrontation of laboratory-based knowledge on abiotic stress signaling mechanisms with real-life in natura situations of plant-stress interactions involves at least five levels of complexity: (i) plant biodiversity, (ii) the spatio-temporal heterogeneity of stress-related parameters, (iii) the unknowns of future stress-related constraints, (iv) the influence of biotic interactions, (v) the crosstalk between various signaling pathways and their final integration into physiological responses. These complexities are major bottlenecks for assessing the evolutionary, ecological, and agronomical relevance of abiotic stress signaling studies. All of the presently-described strategies, approaches, and methods will have to be gradually complemented with the development of real-time and in natura tools, with systematic application of mathematical modeling to complex interactions and with further research on the impact of stress memory mechanisms on long-term responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Couée
- UMR 6553 ECOBIO (Ecosystems-Biodiversity-Evolution), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Rennes, Rennes, France.
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Boraschi D, Duschl A, Lynch I, Stoeger T. Editorial: Exploring impacts of combined exposures to particles and chemicals on immune reactions across living organisms. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2023; 5:1148374. [PMID: 36950145 PMCID: PMC10026952 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.1148374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Boraschi
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Napoli, Italy
- China-Italy Joint Laboratory of Pharmacobiotechnology for Medical Immunomodulation (SIAT CNR SZN), Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Diana Boraschi,
| | - Albert Duschl
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Allergy Cancer BioNano Research Center (ACBN), Paris-Lodron Universitaet Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Iseult Lynch
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Tobias Stoeger
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity (LHI), Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Helmholtz Center Munich, and Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL) CPC-M, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Schneeweiss A, Juvigny-Khenafou NPD, Osakpolor S, Scharmüller A, Scheu S, Schreiner VC, Ashauer R, Escher BI, Leese F, Schäfer RB. Three perspectives on the prediction of chemical effects in ecosystems. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:21-40. [PMID: 36131639 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The increasing production, use and emission of synthetic chemicals into the environment represents a major driver of global change. The large number of synthetic chemicals, limited knowledge on exposure patterns and effects in organisms and their interaction with other global change drivers hamper the prediction of effects in ecosystems. However, recent advances in biomolecular and computational methods are promising to improve our capacity for prediction. We delineate three idealised perspectives for the prediction of chemical effects: the suborganismal, organismal and ecological perspective, which are currently largely separated. Each of the outlined perspectives includes essential and complementary theories and tools for prediction but captures only part of the phenomenon of chemical effects. Links between the perspectives may foster predictive modelling of chemical effects in ecosystems and extrapolation between species. A major challenge for the linkage is the lack of data sets simultaneously covering different levels of biological organisation (here referred to as biological levels) as well as varying temporal and spatial scales. Synthesising the three perspectives, some central aspects and associated types of data seem particularly necessary to improve prediction. First, suborganism- and organism-level responses to chemicals need to be recorded and tested for relationships with chemical groups and organism traits. Second, metrics that are measurable at many biological levels, such as energy, need to be scrutinised for their potential to integrate across levels. Third, experimental data on the simultaneous response over multiple biological levels and spatiotemporal scales are required. These could be collected in nested and interconnected micro- and mesocosm experiments. Lastly, prioritisation of processes involved in the prediction framework needs to find a balance between simplification and capturing the essential complexity of a system. For example, in some cases, eco-evolutionary dynamics and interactions may need stronger consideration. Prediction needs to move from a static to a real-world eco-evolutionary view.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anke Schneeweiss
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University Koblenz-Landau, Landau in der Pfalz, Germany
| | | | - Stephen Osakpolor
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University Koblenz-Landau, Landau in der Pfalz, Germany
| | - Andreas Scharmüller
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University Koblenz-Landau, Landau in der Pfalz, Germany
- Institut Terre et Environnement de Strasbourg (ITES), UMR 7063, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg-ENGEES, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sebastian Scheu
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University Koblenz-Landau, Landau in der Pfalz, Germany
| | - Verena C Schreiner
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University Koblenz-Landau, Landau in der Pfalz, Germany
| | - Roman Ashauer
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Environment and Geography, University of York, York, UK
| | - Beate I Escher
- Department of Cell Toxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
- Environmental Toxicology, Center for Applied Geoscience, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Florian Leese
- Aquatic Ecosystem Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ralf B Schäfer
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University Koblenz-Landau, Landau in der Pfalz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Ocampo M, Chuirazzi C, Takahashi MK. The effects of road salt (NaCl), predation, and competition on the growth and community interactions of spotted salamanders (Ambystoma maculatum) and wood frogs (Lithobates sylvaticus). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 315:120349. [PMID: 36206892 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Road deicing salts are frequently used in northern regions of the world during the winter and early spring months. As a result, a significant portion of road runoff into surrounding aquatic habitats contains road deicing salts. Previous studies found road salt contaminations in vernal pools that pond-breeding amphibians commonly use, including spotted salamanders (Ambystoma maculatum) and wood frogs (Lithobates sylvaticus). Studies have examined the impact of road salt on both amphibian species, but to our knowledge no previous studies have examined how road salt impacts the interspecific competition between both amphibians. We hypothesized that road salt would negatively impact growth and survivorship of both amphibian species. During the spring and summer of 2017, we conducted an outdoor mesocosm experiment in which we created eight experimental conditions with three main factors: presence/absence of NaCl (1000 mg/L Cl-), presence/absence of interspecific competition between the two amphibian species (A. maculatum and L. sylvaticus), and presence/absence of predatory dragonfly larvae (Family Libellulidae). Our experiment revealed that salt delayed hatching and increased deformity in spotted salamander hatchlings. Additionally, salt reduced salamander survivorship by 62% and frog survivorship by 30%. Wood frog tadpoles and road salt interacted to diminish salamander survivorship a further 80% beyond salt alone, likely through an increase in interspecific competition. Road salt increased the larval period of salamanders and decreased the proportion metamorphosed by the end of the experiment. Dragonfly larvae reduced salamander survivorship by 35%, whereas they increased wood frog tadpole development rates. Dragonfly larvae and salt interacted to alter tadpole denticle size, with salt negating the impact of dragonfly larvae. Thus, we found that salt interfered with aquatic predatory chemical cues. Overall, the results of this study suggest that management strategies should be implemented in order to reduce the impact of road salts on freshwater aquatic ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Ocampo
- Department of Biology, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA, 17837, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
57
|
Becker D, Beckerman AP. Copper mediates life history responses of Daphnia pulex to predation threat. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.983923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A key challenge for ecological and ecotoxicological risk assessment is to predict the risk of organisms when exposed simultaneously to multiple stressors in sub-lethal concentrations. Here, we assessed whether sub-lethal concentrations of an anthropogenic stressors, the heavy metal copper (Cu), mediates the impacts of a natural ecological threat to species, predation risk, among six distinct Daphnia pulex clones. We investigated the interaction between the two stressors on morphological defenses and on several life-history traits including maturation time, size at maturity, somatic growth rate and survival rates. Combining a life table experiment on a response surface design, we found no evidence that the heavy metal copper mediates the effects of predator cue induced morphological responses in the tested D. pulex clones. However, our data indicate that copper can mediate several key life-history responses to predation risk. For age at maturity, we found also clear evidence that the observed interaction between predation risk and copper varied by whether clones were strong or weak morphological responders. Specific exploration of the relationship between morphological responses and life history traits under predation risk and copper suggest a strong hypothesis for multiple strategies to deal with multiple stressors. While interactions between different stressors make it harder to predict their outcomes, and ultimately assess water quality regulations about the effects of such stressors, our study provides evidence that life history theory can aid in understanding and predicting their impacts.
Collapse
|
58
|
Wen Y, Cao MM, Huang ZY, Xi YL. Combined Effects of Warming and Imidacloprid on Survival, Reproduction and Population Growth of Brachionus calyciflorus (Rotifera). BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2022; 109:990-995. [PMID: 35939072 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-022-03587-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Global warming and pesticide contamination are two stressors of high concern, but their combined effects on freshwater biota are controversial. This study investigated the combined effects of warming and imidacloprid (IMI) on survival (measured as life expectancy at hatching), reproduction (net reproductive rate), population growth (intrinsic rate of population increase) and sexual reproduction (proportion of sexual offspring) of Brachionus calyciflorus using a life table experiment. The results showed that compared with controls, treatments with IMI at 50-100 mg/L significantly decreased survival, reproduction and population growth of the rotifers at 20℃. The inhibiting effect at higher IMI concentrations on survival increased with increasing temperatures, but those on reproduction and population growth increased only when the temperature increased from 25℃ to 30℃. The proportion of sexual offspring decreased with increasing temperatures. When monitoring the ecological effects of pollutants, environmental temperature and the possible adaptation of rotifers to it should be taken into consideration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya Wen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin co-funded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, 241002, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Man-Man Cao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin co-funded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, 241002, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zhi-Yu Huang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin co-funded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, 241002, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yi-Long Xi
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin co-funded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, 241002, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Willems DJ, Kumar A, Nugegoda D. The Acute Toxicity of Salinity in Onshore Unconventional Gas Waters to Freshwater Invertebrates in Receiving Environments: A Systematic Review. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2022; 41:2928-2949. [PMID: 36193756 PMCID: PMC9828407 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Industries such as unconventional natural gas have seen increased global expansion to meet the increasing energy needs of our increasing global population. Unconventional gas uses hydraulic fracturing that produces significant volumes of produced waters, which can be highly saline and pose a toxic threat to freshwater invertebrates if exposure via discharges, spills, leaks, or runoff were to occur. The primary aim of the present review was to determine the sodium (Na+ ) and chloride (Cl- ) content of these waters as an approximate measure of salinity and how these values compare to the NaCl or synthetic marine salt acute toxicity values of freshwater invertebrate taxa. Shale gas produced waters are much more saline with 78 900 ± 10 200 NaCl mg/L and total dissolved solids (TDS) of 83 200 ± 12 200 mg/L compared to coal bed methane (CBM) produced waters with 4300 ± 1100 NaCl mg/L and TDS of 5900 ± 1300 mg/L and pose a far greater toxicity risk from NaCl to freshwater invertebrates. In addition, the toxicity of other major ions (Ca2+ , K+ , Mg2+ , CO 3 2 - , HCO3 - , and SO 4 2 - ) and their influence on the toxicity of Na+ and Cl- were evaluated. Exposure of untreated and undiluted shale gas produced waters to freshwater invertebrates is likely to result in significant or complete mortality. Shale gas produced waters have higher concentrations of various metals compared with CBM produced waters and are more acidic. We recommend future research to increase the reporting and consistency of water quality parameters, metals, and particularly organics of produced waters to provide a better baseline and help in further investigations. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:2928-2949. © 2022 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Willems
- Ecotoxicology Research Group, School of ScienceRMIT UniversityBundooraVictoriaAustralia
- CSIRO Land and WaterUrrbraeSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | | | - Dayanthi Nugegoda
- Ecotoxicology Research Group, School of ScienceRMIT UniversityBundooraVictoriaAustralia
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Mangold-Döring A, Huang A, van Nes EH, Focks A, van den Brink PJ. Explicit Consideration of Temperature Improves Predictions of Toxicokinetic-Toxicodynamic Models for Flupyradifurone and Imidacloprid in Gammarus pulex. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:15920-15929. [PMID: 36281980 PMCID: PMC9671055 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c04085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In the face of global climate change, where temperature fluctuations and the frequency of extreme weather events are increasing, it is needed to evaluate the impact of temperature on the ecological risk assessment of chemicals. Current state-of-the-art mechanistic effect models, such as toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic (TK-TD) models, often do not explicitly consider temperature as a modulating factor. This study implemented the effect of temperature in a widely used modeling framework, the General Unified Threshold model for Survival (GUTS). We tested the model using data from toxicokinetic and toxicity experiments with Gammarus pulex exposed to the insecticides imidacloprid and flupyradifurone. The experiments revealed increased TK rates with increasing temperature and increased toxicity under chronic exposures. Using the widely used Arrhenius equation, we could include the temperature influence into the modeling. By further testing of different model approaches, differences in the temperature scaling of TK and TD model parameters could be identified, urging further investigations of the underlying mechanisms. Finally, our results show that predictions of TK-TD models improve if we include the toxicity modulating effect of temperature explicitly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annika Mangold-Döring
- Department
of Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, Wageningen University and Research,
P.O. Box 47, 6700 AAWageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Huang
- Department
of Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, Wageningen University and Research,
P.O. Box 47, 6700 AAWageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Egbert H. van Nes
- Department
of Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, Wageningen University and Research,
P.O. Box 47, 6700 AAWageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas Focks
- System
Science Group/Institute of Mathematics, Osnabrück University, Barbarastr. 12, D-49076Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Paul J. van den Brink
- Department
of Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, Wageningen University and Research,
P.O. Box 47, 6700 AAWageningen, The Netherlands
- Wageningen
Environmental Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AAWageningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Rakel K, Becker D, Bussen D, Classen S, Preuss T, Strauss T, Zenker A, Gergs A. Physiological Dependency Explains Temperature Differences in Sensitivity Towards Chemical Exposure. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2022; 83:349-360. [PMID: 36264308 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-022-00963-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In chemical risk assessment, extrapolations from laboratory tests to more realistic conditions are essential to address the toxic effects of pesticides on individuals and populations under field conditions. To transfer toxicological laboratory tests to differing temperature conditions, or outdoor field scenarios, the consideration of temperature dependence is essential and increases realism. Special consideration is given to the impact of temperature on direct sensitivity of organisms to pesticides, for which there are only few modelling approaches available so far. We present a concept for applying physiological temperature dependencies to toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic (TKTD) parameters in the General Uniformed Threshold model of Survival (GUTS). To test this approach in an exemplary study, temperature dependencies from studies on the developmental rate of the mayfly Cloeon dipterum were applied to the parameters of a previously parameterised TKTD model of this species after exposure to imidacloprid. Using a physiologically derived temperature correction for the TKTD rate constants, model predictions for independently conducted toxicology experiments with temperature ranges between 7.8 and 26.4 °C were performed for validation. Our approach demonstrates the successful transfer of a physiological observed temperature dependency on toxicity parameters and survival patterns for Cloeon dipterum and imidacloprid as a case study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kim Rakel
- Research Institute for Ecosystem Analysis and Assessment (Gaiac), Kackertstrasse 10, 52072, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Dennis Becker
- Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) GmbH, Am Unisyspark 1, 65843, Sulzbach, Germany
| | - Dino Bussen
- Research Institute for Ecosystem Analysis and Assessment (Gaiac), Kackertstrasse 10, 52072, Aachen, Germany
| | - Silke Classen
- Research Institute for Ecosystem Analysis and Assessment (Gaiac), Kackertstrasse 10, 52072, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Preuss
- Bayer AG, Alfred-Nobel-Straße 50, 40789, Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Tido Strauss
- Research Institute for Ecosystem Analysis and Assessment (Gaiac), Kackertstrasse 10, 52072, Aachen, Germany
| | - Armin Zenker
- Institute for Ecopreneurship, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Hofackerstrasse 340, 4132, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - André Gergs
- Bayer AG, Alfred-Nobel-Straße 50, 40789, Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Seebacher F. Interactive effects of anthropogenic environmental drivers on endocrine responses in wildlife. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 556:111737. [PMID: 35931299 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2022.111737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Anthropogenic activity has created unique environmental drivers, which may interact to produce unexpected effects. My aim was to conduct a systematic review of the interactive effects of anthropogenic drivers on endocrine responses in non-human animals. The interaction between temperature and light can disrupt reproduction and growth by impacting gonadotropins, thyroid hormones, melatonin, and growth hormone. Temperature and endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) interact to modify reproduction with differential effects across generations. The combined effects of light and EDCs can be anxiogenic, so that light-at-night could increase anxiety in wildlife. Light and noise increase glucocorticoid release by themselves, and together can modify interactions between individuals and their environment. The literature detailing interactions between drivers is relatively sparse and there is a need to extend research to a broader range of taxa and interactions. I suggest that incorporating endocrine responses into Adverse Outcome Pathways would be beneficial to improve predictions of environmental effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Seebacher
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences A08, University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Lyu K, Yu B, Li D, Gu L, Yang Z. Increased food availability reducing the harmful effects of microplastics strongly depends on the size of microplastics. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 437:129375. [PMID: 35724616 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Shallow lakes and ponds, providing essential ecological and environmental services, are simultaneously disrupted by various pollutants of emerging concern (PECs). As a group of PECs, microplastics (MPs) ubiquitously found in freshwater are toxic to a huge variety of organisms. However, the consequence of secondary factors such as food quantity determining MPs toxicity, and the corresponding water safety risks await assessment is still poorly understood. Accordingly, we investigated how MPs across three particle sizes (10, 1 and 0.07 µm) interacted with food abundance to affect survival, reproduction and population performance in the waterflea Daphnia magna. Across multiple population traits, we found that MPs toxicity on Daphnia population performance was attenuated by higher food quantity, but this attenuation size was strongly dependent on MPs size. Path analysis results showed population growth rate was mainly constrained by reduced survival rather than fecundity. Furthermore, the additive null model revealed that the interactive effects of food abundance and MPs were predominately recognized as synergism and trait dependency. The present findings underscore the importance of considering the complexity of interactions that can occur in the wild, when assessing the effects of plastics pollution on population dynamics of the basic trophic level in lakes and ponds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Lyu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Da Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lei Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Heuschele J, Lode T, Konestabo HS, Titelman J, Andersen T, Borgå K. Drivers of copper sensitivity in copepods: A meta-analysis of LC50s. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 242:113907. [PMID: 35901590 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Copper is both an essential trace element and a potent pesticide. The use of copper as an antifoulant has increased in the last decades in line with the expanding aquaculture and shipping industries. In aquatic environments, it also affects non-target taxa. One of which are copepods, which constitute the central link in the marine food web. Despite their ecological importance, there are no systematic reviews of the lethal concentration range and drivers of copper toxicity in this taxon. Here, we combined literature data from 31 peer-reviewed articles recording the Lethal Concentration 50 (LC50) for copper in copepods and the experiments' respective environmental, developmental, and taxonomic parameters. The LC50 is a traditional endpoint for toxicity testing used in standardized toxicity testing and many ecological studies. In total, we were able to extract 166 LC50 entries. The variability in the metadata allowed for a general analysis of the drivers of copper sensitivity in copepods. Using a generalized additive modeling approach, we find that temperature increases copper toxicity when above approximately 25℃. Counter to our expectations; salinity does not influence copper sensitivity across copepod species. Unsurprisingly, nauplii are more susceptible to copper exposure than adult copepods, and benthos-associated harpacticoids are less sensitive to copper than pelagic calanoids. Our final model can predict sensible specific-specific copper concentrations for future experiments, thus giving an informed analytical approach to range testing in future dose-response experiments. Our model can also potentially improve ecological risk assessment by accounting for environmental differences. The approach can be applied to other toxicants and taxa, which may reveal underlying patterns otherwise obscured by taxonomic and experimental variability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Heuschele
- AQUA, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Kristine Bonnevies hus, 0371 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Torben Lode
- AQUA, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Kristine Bonnevies hus, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Heidi Sjursen Konestabo
- AQUA, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Kristine Bonnevies hus, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Josefin Titelman
- AQUA, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Kristine Bonnevies hus, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Tom Andersen
- AQUA, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Kristine Bonnevies hus, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Katrine Borgå
- AQUA, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Kristine Bonnevies hus, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Nie Y, Wang Z, Yu S, Liu Y, Zhang L, Liu R, Zhou Z, Zhu W, Diao J. Combined effects of abamectin and temperature on the physiology and behavior of male lizards (Eremias argus): Clarifying adaptation and maladaptation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 837:155794. [PMID: 35550905 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chemical pollution and global warming are two major threats to organisms, which can interact to affect the normal activities of living beings. In this study, to explore the effects of abamectin and high temperature on adaptability of lizard, male adult Eremias argus (a native Chinese lizard) were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of abamectin (0.02 mg·L-1 and 2 mg·L-1) and different temperature (26 °C and 32 °C) for 30 days. The fitness-related behaviors (locomotion, predation, and thermoregulation) of lizards were evaluated. Physiological effects were addressed using biochemical biomarkers related to oxidative stress, detoxification, and neurotransmitter content. The results showed that abamectin could affect the neurotransmitter systems, cause oxidative stress, and alters lizard locomotion and predation-related behaviors of lizards, but lizards up-regulating detoxification metabolic enzymes, exhibiting higher body temperature preference to alleviate the toxicity of abamectin, and compensate the increased energy demand for detoxification and repair damage by increasing food intake. After exposure to high temperature, lizards showed adaptation to high temperature (higher body temperature preference), the thermal compensation mechanisms may involve elevated Hsp70 levels and increased food intake. At the combined effects of abamectin and high temperature, more obvious behavioral disorders and more severe oxidative stress were observed, although lizards avoided the negative effects of overheating and pollutants by seeking thermal shelter and reducing energy expenditure, this may subsequently reduce foraging opportunities and the ability to obtain energy needed for vital physiological functions (i.e., growth, maintenance, and reproduction). From a long-term perspective, these short-term adaptive strategies will be detrimental to individual long-term survival and population sustainability, and may transformed into maladaptation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Nie
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zikang Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Simin Yu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuping Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Luyao Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jinling Diao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Delnat V, Verheyen J, Van Hileghem I, Stoks R. Genetic variation of the interaction type between two stressors in a single population: From antagonism to synergism when combining a heat spike and a pesticide. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 308:119654. [PMID: 35738518 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Despite the surging interest in the interactions between toxicants and non-chemical stressors, and in evolutionary ecotoxicology, we have poor knowledge whether these patterns differ among genotypes within a population. Warming and toxicants are two widespread stressors in aquatic systems that are known to modify each other's effects. We studied to what extent effects of sequential exposure to a heat spike and the pesticide esfenvalerate differed among genotypes in the water flea Daphnia magna. Esfenvalerate had similar negative effects on survival and body size across genotypes, and for most genotypes it increased time to maturation, yet the effects on the reproductive performance were only detected in some genotypes and were inconsistent in direction. Across genotypes, the heat spike increased the heat tolerance, yet the negative effects of the heat spike on survival, reproductive performance and body size, and the positive effects on grazing rate and the shortened time to maturation were only seen in some genotypes. Notably, the interaction type between both stressors differed among genotypes. In contrast to our expectation, the impact of esfenvalerate was only magnified by the heat spike in some genotypes and only for a subset of the traits. For survival and time to maturation, the interaction type for the same stressor combination covered all three categories: additions, synergisms and antagonisms. This illustrates that categorizing the interaction type between stressors at the level of populations may hide considerable intrapopulation variation among genotypes. Opposite to our expectation, the more pesticide-tolerant genotypes showed a stronger synergism between both stressors. Genotype-dependent interaction patterns between toxicants and non-chemical stressors may explain inconsistencies among studies and challenges ecological risk assessment based on single genotypes. The observed genetic differences in the responses to the (combined) stressors may fuel the evolution of the stressor interaction pattern, a largely ignored topic in evolutionary ecotoxicology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vienna Delnat
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology, University of Leuven, Charles Deberiotstraat 32, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Julie Verheyen
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology, University of Leuven, Charles Deberiotstraat 32, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Ine Van Hileghem
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology, University of Leuven, Charles Deberiotstraat 32, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robby Stoks
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology, University of Leuven, Charles Deberiotstraat 32, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Costa CP, Leza M, Duennes MA, Fisher K, Vollaro A, Hur M, Kirkwood JS, Woodard SH. Pollen diet mediates how pesticide exposure impacts brain gene expression in nest-founding bumble bee queens. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 833:155216. [PMID: 35421476 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A primary goal in biology is to understand the effects of multiple, interacting environmental stressors on organisms. Wild and domesticated bees are exposed to a wide variety of interacting biotic and abiotic stressors, with widespread declines in floral resources and agrochemical exposure being two of the most important. In this study, we used examinations of brain gene expression to explore the sublethal consequences of neonicotinoid pesticide exposure and pollen diet composition in nest-founding bumble bee queens. We demonstrate for the first time that pollen diet composition can influence the strength of bumble bee queen responses to pesticide exposure at the molecular level. Specifically, one pollen mixture in our study appeared to buffer bumble bee queens entirely against the effects of pesticide exposure, with respect to brain gene expression. Additionally, we detected unique effects of pollen diet and sustained (versus more temporary) pesticide exposure on queen gene expression. Our findings support the hypothesis that nutritional status can help buffer animals against the harmful effects of other stressors, including pesticides, and highlight the importance of using molecular approaches to explore sublethal consequences of stressors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudineia P Costa
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA..
| | - Mar Leza
- Department of Biology (Zoology), University of the Balearic Islands, Cra, Valldemossa, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
| | | | - Kaleigh Fisher
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Alyssa Vollaro
- IIGB Metabolomics Core Facility, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Manhoi Hur
- IIGB Metabolomics Core Facility, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Jay S Kirkwood
- IIGB Metabolomics Core Facility, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - S Hollis Woodard
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Bertucci JI, Juez A, Bellas J. Impact of microplastics and ocean acidification on critical stages of sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus) early development. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 301:134783. [PMID: 35504467 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
One of the major consequences of increasing atmospheric CO2 is a phenomenon known as ocean acidification. This alteration of water chemistry can modulate the impact on marine organisms of other stressors also present in the environment, such as microplastics (MP). The objective of this work was to determine the combined impact of microplastic pollution and ocean acidification on the early development of Paracentrotus lividus. To study these multi-stressor impacts on development P. lividus the sea urchin embryo test (SET) was used. Newly fertilised embryos of P. lividus were exposed to a control treatment (filtered natural seawater), MP (3000 particles/mL), acidified sea water (pH = 7.6), and a combination of MP and acidification (3000 particles/mL + pH = 7.6). After 48, 72, and 96 h measurements of growth and morphometric parameters were taken. Results showed that ocean acidification and MP cause alterations in growth and larval morphology both before and after the larvae start to feed exogenously. The exposure to MP under conditions of ocean acidification did not produce any additional effect on growth, but differences were observed at the morphological level related to a decrease in the width of larvae at 48 h. Overall, changes in larvae shape observed at three key points of their development could modify their buoyancy affecting their ability to obtain and ingest food. Therefore, ocean acidification and MP pollution might compromise the chances of P. lividus to survive in the environment under future scenarios of global climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J I Bertucci
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO-CSIC), Subida a Radio Faro, 50, 36390, Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain.
| | - A Juez
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO-CSIC), Subida a Radio Faro, 50, 36390, Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - J Bellas
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO-CSIC), Subida a Radio Faro, 50, 36390, Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Reproduction of a field cricket under high-intensity artificial light at night and a simulated heat wave. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-022-03220-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
70
|
Silva ARR, Malheiro C, Loureiro S, González-Alcaraz MN. Toxicity of historically metal(loid)-contaminated soils to Folsomia candida under the influence of climate change alterations. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 305:119256. [PMID: 35395349 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Global warming is drastically altering the climate conditions of our planet. Soils will be among the most affected components of terrestrial ecosystems, especially in contaminated areas. In this study we investigated if changes in climate conditions (air temperature and soil moisture) affect the toxicity of historically metal(loid)-contaminated soils to the invertebrate Folsomia candida, followed by an assessment of its recovery capacity. Ecotoxicity tests (assessing survival, reproduction) were performed in field soils affected by metal(loid)s under different climate scenarios, simulated by individually changing air temperature or soil moisture conditions. The scenarios tested were: standard conditions (20°C + 50% soil water holding capacity-WHC); increased air temperature (daily fluctuation of 20-30°C + 50% WHC); soil drought (20°C + 25% WHC); soil flood (20°C + 75% WHC). Recovery potential was assessed under standard conditions in clean soil. Increased temperature was the major climate condition negatively affecting collembolans performance (decreased survival and reproduction), regardless of metal(loid) contamination. Drought and flood conditions presented less pronounced effects. When it was possible to move to the recovery phase (enough juveniles in exposure phase), F. candida was apparently able to recover from the exposure to metal(loid) contamination and/or climate alterations. The present study showed that forecasted climate alterations in areas already affected by contamination should be considered to improve environmental risk assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita R Silva
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Catarina Malheiro
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Susana Loureiro
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M Nazaret González-Alcaraz
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Agricultural Engineering of the E.T.S.I.A. & Soil Ecology and Biotechnology Unit of the Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Technical University of Cartagena, 30203 Cartagena, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Yang J, Li G, Xia M, Chen Y, Chen Y, Kumar S, Sun Z, Li X, Zhao X, Hou H. Combined effects of temperature and nutrients on the toxicity of cadmium in duckweed (Lemna aequinoctialis). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 432:128646. [PMID: 35325863 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Global anthropogenic changes are altering the temperature and nutrients of the ecosystem, which might also affect the extent of cadmium (Cd) toxicity in organisms. This study aimed to investigate the combined effects of temperature and nutrient availability (here, nitrogen [N] and phosphorus [P]) on Cd toxicity in duckweed (Lemna aequinoctialis). The growth parameters, nutrient uptake, and Cd tolerance of plantlets reached their highest values for duckweed grown in medium with 28 mg/L N and 2.4 mg/L P (N:P = 11.67) at 25 °C under 1 mg/L CdCl2 exposure. Raising the temperature (from 18 °C to 25 °C) and levels of N and P (from 0.01 N/P to 2 N/P) enhanced photosynthetic capacity and nutrient uptake, thus promoting plant growth and diluting the toxic effects of Cd. Although Cd uptake increased with increasing temperature, duckweed with relatively high biomass exhibited a lower accumulation of the toxic metal because their growth rate exceeded Cd uptake rate. Increasing N and P supply also enhanced the tolerance of duckweed to Cd by limiting Cd bioavailability. Our study therefore suggests the importance of combined effects from temperature and nutrients for Cd toxicity and provides novel insights for a comprehensive analysis of Cd toxicity associated with the environmental factors of a particular ecosystem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Gaojie Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Manli Xia
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yimeng Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yan Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Sunjeet Kumar
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zuoliang Sun
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaozhe Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xuyao Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Hongwei Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Deknock A, Pasmans F, van Leeuwenberg R, Van Praet S, De Troyer N, Goessens T, Lammens L, Bruneel S, Lens L, Martel A, Croubels S, Goethals P. Impact of heavy metal exposure on biological control of a deadly amphibian pathogen by zooplankton. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 823:153800. [PMID: 35150694 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Despite devastating effects on global biodiversity, efficient mitigation strategies against amphibian chytridiomycosis are lacking. Since the free-living pathogenic zoospores of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), the infective stage of this disease, can serve as a nutritious food source for components of zooplankton communities, these groups may act as biological control agents by eliminating zoospores from the aquatic environment. Such pathogen-predator interaction is, however, embedded in the aquatic food web structure and is therefore affected by abiotic factors interfering with these networks. Heavy metals, released from both natural and anthropogenic sources, are widespread contaminants of aquatic ecosystems and may interfere with planktonic communities and thus pathogen elimination rates. We investigated the interaction between zooplankton communities and chytridiomycosis infections in a Flemish agricultural region. Moreover, we also investigated the impact of heavy metal contamination, that was previously investigated in the region and presented in recent work, on zooplankton assemblages and chytridiomycosis infections. Finally, we tested the effect of sublethal concentrations of copper and zinc on Bd removal rates by Daphnia magna in a laboratory assay. Although zinc, copper, nickel and chromium were widely abundant pollutants, heavy metals were no driving force for zooplankton assemblages at our study locations. Moreover, our field survey did not reveal indirect effects of zooplankton assemblages on chytridiomycosis infections. However, sampling occasions testing negative for Bd showed a higher degree of copper contamination compared to positive sampling occasions, indicating a potential inhibitory effect of copper on Bd prevalence. Finally, whereas D. magna significantly reduced zoospore densities in its environment, sublethal concentrations of copper and zinc showed no interference with pathogen removal in the laboratory assay. Our results provide perspectives for further research on such a biological control strategy against chytridiomycosis by optimizing environmental conditions for pathogen predation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arne Deknock
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Building F, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Frank Pasmans
- Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, D9, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Robby van Leeuwenberg
- Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, D9, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Sarah Van Praet
- Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, D9, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Niels De Troyer
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Building F, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tess Goessens
- Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, D9, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Leni Lammens
- Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, D9, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Stijn Bruneel
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Building F, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Luc Lens
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - An Martel
- Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, D9, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Siska Croubels
- Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, D9, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Peter Goethals
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Building F, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Yang K, Jian S, Wen C, Guo D, Liao P, Wen J, Kuang T, Han S, Liu Q, Deng B. Gallnut Tannic Acid Exerts Anti-stress Effects on Stress-Induced Inflammatory Response, Dysbiotic Gut Microbiota, and Alterations of Serum Metabolic Profile in Beagle Dogs. Front Nutr 2022; 9:847966. [PMID: 35571952 PMCID: PMC9094144 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.847966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress exposure is a potential threat to humans who live or work in extreme environments, often leading to oxidative stress, inflammatory response, intestinal dysbiosis, and metabolic disorders. Gallnut tannic acid (TA), a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound, has become a compelling source due to its favorable anti-diarrheal, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial activities. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the anti-stress effects of gallnut TA on the stress-induced inflammatory response, dysbiotic gut microbiota, and alterations of serum metabolic profile using beagle models. A total of 13 beagle dogs were randomly divided into the stress (ST) and ST + TA groups. Dietary supplementation with TA at 2.5 g/kg was individually fed to each dog in the ST + TA group for 14 consecutive days. On day 7, all dogs were transported for 3 h from a stressful environment (days 1–7) to a livable site (days 8–14). In our results, TA relieved environmental stress-induced diarrheal symptoms in dogs and were shown to protect from myocardial injury and help improve immunity by serum biochemistry and hematology analysis. Also, TA inhibited the secretion of serum hormones [cortisol (COR), glucocorticoid (GC), and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)] and the expression of heat shock protein (HSP) 70 to protect dogs from stress-induced injury, thereby relieving oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Fecal 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that TA stimulated the growth of beneficial bacteria (Allobaculum, Dubosiella, Coriobacteriaceae_UCG-002, and Faecalibaculum) and suppressed the growth of pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia-Shigella and Streptococcus), thereby increasing fecal butyrate levels. Serum metabolomics further showed that phytosphingosine, indoleacetic acid, arachidonic acid, and biotin, related to the metabolism of sphingolipid, tryptophan, arachidonic acid, and biotin, respectively, could serve as potential biomarkers of stress exposure. Furthermore, Spearman’s correlation analysis showed strong relationships between the four potential serum biomarkers and differential bacteria. Overall, gallnut TA may be a potential prebiotic for the prevention and treatment of stress-induced metabolic disorders by targeting intestinal microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kang Yang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiyan Jian
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaoyu Wen
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Guo
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pinfeng Liao
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiawei Wen
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Kuang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sufang Han
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingshen Liu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baichuan Deng
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Welch SA, Lane T, Desrousseaux AO, van Dijk J, Mangold-Döring A, Gajraj R, Hader JD, Hermann M, Parvathi Ayillyath Kutteyeri A, Mentzel S, Nagesh P, Polazzo F, Roth SK, Boxall AB, Chefetz B, Dekker SC, Eitzinger J, Grung M, MacLeod M, Moe SJ, Rico A, Sobek A, van Wezel AP, van den Brink P. ECORISK2050: An Innovative Training Network for predicting the effects of global change on the emission, fate, effects, and risks of chemicals in aquatic ecosystems. OPEN RESEARCH EUROPE 2022; 1:154. [PMID: 37645192 PMCID: PMC10446038 DOI: 10.12688/openreseurope.14283.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
By 2050, the global population is predicted to reach nine billion, with almost three quarters living in cities. The road to 2050 will be marked by changes in land use, climate, and the management of water and food across the world. These global changes (GCs) will likely affect the emissions, transport, and fate of chemicals, and thus the exposure of the natural environment to chemicals. ECORISK2050 is a Marie Skłodowska-Curie Innovative Training Network that brings together an interdisciplinary consortium of academic, industry and governmental partners to deliver a new generation of scientists, with the skills required to study and manage the effects of GCs on chemical risks to the aquatic environment. The research and training goals are to: (1) assess how inputs and behaviour of chemicals from agriculture and urban environments are affected by different environmental conditions, and how different GC scenarios will drive changes in chemical risks to human and ecosystem health; (2) identify short-to-medium term adaptation and mitigation strategies, to abate unacceptable increases to risks, and (3) develop tools for use by industry and policymakers for the assessment and management of the impacts of GC-related drivers on chemical risks. This project will deliver the next generation of scientists, consultants, and industry and governmental decision-makers who have the knowledge and skillsets required to address the changing pressures associated with chemicals emitted by agricultural and urban activities, on aquatic systems on the path to 2050 and beyond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Taylor Lane
- Environment Department, University of York, Heslington, York, UK
| | | | - Joanke van Dijk
- Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Annika Mangold-Döring
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, 6700 AA, The Netherlands
| | - Rudrani Gajraj
- Institute of Meteorology and Climatology, Department of Water, Atmosphere and Environment (WAU), University of Natural Resources and Life sciences (BOKU), Vienna, Austria
| | - John D. Hader
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 106 91, Sweden
| | - Markus Hermann
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, 6700 AA, The Netherlands
| | | | - Sophie Mentzel
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, 0579, Norway
| | - Poornima Nagesh
- Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Francesco Polazzo
- IMDEA Water Institute, Science and Technology Campus of the University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, 28805, Spain
| | - Sabrina K. Roth
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 106 91, Sweden
| | | | - Benny Chefetz
- Department of Soil and Water Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Stefan C. Dekker
- Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Josef Eitzinger
- Institute of Meteorology and Climatology, Department of Water, Atmosphere and Environment (WAU), University of Natural Resources and Life sciences (BOKU), Vienna, Austria
| | - Merete Grung
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, 0579, Norway
| | - Matthew MacLeod
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 106 91, Sweden
| | | | - Andreu Rico
- IMDEA Water Institute, Science and Technology Campus of the University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, 28805, Spain
| | - Anna Sobek
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 106 91, Sweden
| | - Annemarie P. van Wezel
- Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul van den Brink
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, 6700 AA, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Pirotta E, Thomas L, Costa DP, Hall AJ, Harris CM, Harwood J, Kraus SD, Miller PJO, Moore MJ, Photopoulou T, Rolland RM, Schwacke L, Simmons SE, Southall BL, Tyack PL. Understanding the combined effects of multiple stressors: A new perspective on a longstanding challenge. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 821:153322. [PMID: 35074373 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Wildlife populations and their habitats are exposed to an expanding diversity and intensity of stressors caused by human activities, within the broader context of natural processes and increasing pressure from climate change. Estimating how these multiple stressors affect individuals, populations, and ecosystems is thus of growing importance. However, their combined effects often cannot be predicted reliably from the individual effects of each stressor, and we lack the mechanistic understanding and analytical tools to predict their joint outcomes. We review the science of multiple stressors and present a conceptual framework that captures and reconciles the variety of existing approaches for assessing combined effects. Specifically, we show that all approaches lie along a spectrum, reflecting increasing assumptions about the mechanisms that regulate the action of single stressors and their combined effects. An emphasis on mechanisms improves analytical precision and predictive power but could introduce bias if the underlying assumptions are incorrect. A purely empirical approach has less risk of bias but requires adequate data on the effects of the full range of anticipated combinations of stressor types and magnitudes. We illustrate how this spectrum can be formalised into specific analytical methods, using an example of North Atlantic right whales feeding on limited prey resources while simultaneously being affected by entanglement in fishing gear. In practice, case-specific management needs and data availability will guide the exploration of the stressor combinations of interest and the selection of a suitable trade-off between precision and bias. We argue that the primary goal for adaptive management should be to identify the most practical and effective ways to remove or reduce specific combinations of stressors, bringing the risk of adverse impacts on populations and ecosystems below acceptable thresholds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Pirotta
- Centre for Research into Ecological and Environmental Modelling, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Len Thomas
- Centre for Research into Ecological and Environmental Modelling, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.
| | - Daniel P Costa
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA; Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.
| | - Ailsa J Hall
- Sea Mammal Research Unit, Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.
| | - Catriona M Harris
- Centre for Research into Ecological and Environmental Modelling, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.
| | - John Harwood
- Centre for Research into Ecological and Environmental Modelling, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.
| | - Scott D Kraus
- Anderson-Cabot Center for Ocean Life, New England Aquarium, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Patrick J O Miller
- Sea Mammal Research Unit, Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.
| | - Michael J Moore
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA.
| | - Theoni Photopoulou
- Centre for Research into Ecological and Environmental Modelling, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.
| | - Rosalind M Rolland
- Anderson-Cabot Center for Ocean Life, New England Aquarium, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Lori Schwacke
- National Marine Mammal Foundation, Johns Island, SC, USA.
| | | | - Brandon L Southall
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA; Southall Environmental Associates, Inc., Aptos, CA, USA.
| | - Peter L Tyack
- Sea Mammal Research Unit, Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Castro GB, Bernegossi AC, Felipe MC, Ogura AP, de Lima E Silva MR, Corbi JJ. Polyethylene microplastics and substrate availability can affect emergence responses of the freshwater insect Chironomus sancticaroli. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 31:679-688. [PMID: 35305165 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-022-02536-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pollution caused by polyethylene microplastics (MP) has been reported for aquatic environments worldwide. However, despite recurrent research for several aquatic organisms, the effects of MP on the emergence stage of freshwater insects from tropical environments are little known. This study is the first to assess the emergence of the Brazilian native species Chironomus sancticaroli Strixino & Strixino, 1981 when exposed to primary polyethylene microplastics (size 40-48 µm). We performed two exposure scenarios, with a substrate (standard assays) and without substrate (as a stressful experience), and recorded emergence responses. The MP did not affect the species' emergence rate, but these rates were statistically different for the standard and stressful exposure scenarios. In bioassays without substrate, the high concentrations of MP caused anticipation of the insect's emergence (5-6 days). On the other hand, female emergence time was longer than males in standard bioassays. The substrate absence caused a slight increase in the left female wing's length and the potential female fecundity. These findings suggest that the polyethylene microplastics and substrate availability can affect the emergence dynamics of the tropical insect C. sancticaroli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gleyson B Castro
- Aquatic Ecology Laboratory, Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Aline C Bernegossi
- Aquatic Ecology Laboratory, Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Mayara C Felipe
- Aquatic Ecology Laboratory, Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Allan P Ogura
- Aquatic Ecology Laboratory, Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Juliano J Corbi
- Aquatic Ecology Laboratory, Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Jesus F, Tremblay LA. Key Challenges to the Effective Management of Pollutants in Water and Sediment. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10050219. [PMID: 35622633 PMCID: PMC9146552 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10050219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Jesus
- CESAM and Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Santiago Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Correspondence: (F.J.); (L.A.T.)
| | - Louis A. Tremblay
- Cawthron Institute, Private Bag 2, Nelson 7042, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Correspondence: (F.J.); (L.A.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Wu F, Sokolov EP, Khomich A, Fettkenhauer C, Schnell G, Seitz H, Sokolova IM. Interactive effects of ZnO nanoparticles and temperature on molecular and cellular stress responses of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 818:151785. [PMID: 34808156 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Temperature is an important abiotic factor that modulates all aspects of ectotherm physiology, including sensitivity to pollutants. Nanoparticles are emerging pollutants in coastal environments, and their potential to cause toxicity in marine organisms is a cause for concern. Here we studied the interactive effects of temperature (including seasonal and experimental warming) on sublethal toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles (nano-ZnO) in a model marine bivalve, the blue mussel Mytilus edulis. Molecular markers were used to assess the pollutant-induced cellular stress responses in the gills and the digestive gland of mussels exposed for 21 days to 10 μg l-1 and 100 μg l-1 of nano-ZnO or dissolved Zn under different temperature regimes including ambient temperature (10 °C and 15 °C in winter and summer, respectively) or experimental warming (+5 °C). Exposure to high concentration (100 μg l-1) of nano-ZnO caused oxidative injury to proteins and lipids and induced a marked apoptotic response indicated by increased transcript levels of apoptosis-related genes p53, caspase 3 and the MAPK pathway (JNK and p38) and decreased mRNA expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2. No significant induction of inflammatory cytokine-related response (TGF-β and NF-κB) of tissues was observed in nano-ZnO exposed-mussels. Furthermore, the oxidative injury and apoptotic response could differentiate the effects of nano-ZnO from those of dissolved Zn in the mussels. This study revealed that oxidative stress and stress-related transcriptional responses to nano-ZnO were strongly modified by warming and season in the mussels. No single biomarker could be shown to consistently respond to nano-ZnO in all experimental groups, which implies that multiple biomarkers are needed to assess nano-ZnO toxicity to marine organisms under the variable environmental conditions of coastal habitats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangli Wu
- Department of Marine Biology, Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Eugene P Sokolov
- Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research, Leibniz Science Campus Phosphorus Research Rostock, Warnemünde, Germany
| | - Andrei Khomich
- Department of Marine Biology, Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany; International Sakharov Environmental Institute of Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
| | | | - Georg Schnell
- Microfluidics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Hermann Seitz
- Microfluidics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany; Department Life, Light & Matter, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Inna M Sokolova
- Department of Marine Biology, Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany; Department of Maritime Systems, Interdisciplinary Faculty, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Hennig TB, Lopes Alves PR, Schiehl A, de Araújo RS, da Costa Cabrera L, Morelato RR, Baretta D. Can the increase in atmospheric temperature enhance the toxicity and risk of fipronil for collembolans in tropical soils? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:27104-27114. [PMID: 34981395 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18349-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the toxicity and risk (via toxicity exposure ratio approach - TER) of the insecticide fipronil to collembolan's growth and reproduction in three tropical soils, under increasing atmospheric temperatures. Chronic toxicity tests were performed with Folsomia candida in tropical artificial soil (TAS), oxisol, and entisol spiked with increasing concentrations of fipronil, at three room temperature scenarios: a standard (20 ± 2 °C), a tropical condition (25 ± 2 °C) and a global warming simulation (27 ± 2 °C). Temperatures influenced the fipronil effects on the species reproduction differently between soil types. In TAS and oxisol the highest toxicities (EC50-based) were found at 27 °C (EC50 TAS = 0.81, 0.70, 0.31 mg kg-1; EC50 OXISOL = 0.52, 0.54, 0.40 mg kg-1; at 20, 25, and 27 °C, respectively). In entisol, the toxicity at 27 °C was lower compared to 25 and 20 °C (EC50 ENTISOL = 0.33, 0.24, 0.12 mg kg-1, respectively). Fipronil concentrations also increased the proportion of small juveniles (growth reduction) in all tested soils. However, this effect was greater (EC10-based) at higher temperatures (25 and/or 27 °C), regardless of the soil type. TER approach revealed a significant risk of fipronil in entisol, regardless of the tested temperature, while in other soils the risk was found significant only at the higher temperatures (25 and 27 °C for TAS, and 27 °C for oxisol). These results indicate that exposures to fipronil at high temperatures (e.g., those resulting from climate change) can threaten F. candida populations, depending on the soil type.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thuanne Braúlio Hennig
- Department of Soil Science, Santa Catarina State University, Av. Luis de Camões, 2090, Lages, SC, 88520000, Brazil
| | - Paulo Roger Lopes Alves
- Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Av. Fernando Machado, No. 108-E, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, 89802-112, Brazil.
| | - Aline Schiehl
- Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Av. Fernando Machado, No. 108-E, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, 89802-112, Brazil
| | - Rafael Soares de Araújo
- Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Av. Fernando Machado, No. 108-E, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, 89802-112, Brazil
| | - Liziara da Costa Cabrera
- Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Av. Jacob Reinaldo Haupenthal, 1580, Cerro Largo, RS, 97900000, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Roberta Morelato
- Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Av. Jacob Reinaldo Haupenthal, 1580, Cerro Largo, RS, 97900000, Brazil
| | - Dilmar Baretta
- Department of Soil Science, Santa Catarina State University, Av. Luis de Camões, 2090, Lages, SC, 88520000, Brazil
- Centro de Educação Superior do Oeste, Santa Catarina State University, Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680-E, Chapecó, SC, 89815-630, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Orr JA, Luijckx P, Arnoldi JF, Jackson AL, Piggott JJ. Rapid evolution generates synergism between multiple stressors: Linking theory and an evolution experiment. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:1740-1752. [PMID: 33829610 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Global change encompasses many co-occurring anthropogenic stressors. Understanding the interactions between these multiple stressors, whether they be additive, antagonistic or synergistic, is critical for ecosystem managers when prioritizing which stressors to mitigate in the face of global change. While such interactions between stressors appear prevalent, it remains unclear if and how these interactions change over time, as the majority of multiple-stressor studies rarely span multiple generations of study organisms. Although meta-analyses have reported some intriguing temporal trends in stressor interactions, for example that synergism may take time to emerge, the mechanistic basis for such observations is unknown. In this study, by analysing data from an evolution experiment with the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus (~35 generations and 31,320 observations), we show that adaptation to multiple stressors shifts stressor interactions towards synergism. We show that trade-offs, where populations cannot optimally perform multiple tasks (i.e. adapting to multiple stressors), generate this bias towards synergism. We also show that removal of stressors from evolved populations does not necessarily increase fitness and that there is variation in the evolutionary trajectories of populations that experienced the same stressor regimes. Our results highlight outstanding questions at the interface between evolution and global change biology, and illustrate the importance of considering rapid adaptation when managing or restoring ecosystems subjected to multiple stressors under global change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James A Orr
- School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Pepijn Luijckx
- School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jean-François Arnoldi
- School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Experimental and Theoretical Ecology Station, Moulis, France
| | - Andrew L Jackson
- School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jeremy J Piggott
- School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Song R, Li D, Chang A, Tao M, Qin Y, Keller AA, Suh S. Accelerating the pace of ecotoxicological assessment using artificial intelligence. AMBIO 2022; 51:598-610. [PMID: 34427865 PMCID: PMC8800994 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-021-01598-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Species Sensitivity Distribution (SSD) is a key metric for understanding the potential ecotoxicological impacts of chemicals. However, SSDs have been developed to estimate for only handful of chemicals due to the scarcity of experimental toxicity data. Here we present a novel approach to expand the chemical coverage of SSDs using Artificial Neural Network (ANN). We collected over 2000 experimental toxicity data in Lethal Concentration 50 (LC50) for 8 aquatic species and trained an ANN model for each of the 8 aquatic species based on molecular structure. The R2 values of resulting ANN models range from 0.54 to 0.75 (median R2 = 0.69). We applied the predicted LC50 values to fit SSD curves using bootstrapping method, generating SSDs for 8424 chemicals in the ToX21 database. The dataset is expected to serve as a screening-level reference SSD database for understanding potential ecotoxicological impacts of chemicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Runsheng Song
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 98121 USA
| | - Dingsheng Li
- University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N Virginia St, Reno, NV 89557 USA
| | - Alexander Chang
- Emory Rollins School of Public Health, 1518 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - Mengya Tao
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 98121 USA
| | - Yuwei Qin
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 98121 USA
| | - Arturo A. Keller
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 98121 USA
| | - Sangwon Suh
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 98121 USA
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Environmental Stressors and Pathology of Marine Molluscs. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse10030313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mollusca is one of the most species-rich phylum of the Animal Kingdom, comprising a wide range of both terrestrial and aquatic organisms [...]
Collapse
|
83
|
Aulsebrook LC, Wong BBM, Hall MD. Warmer temperatures limit the effects of antidepressant pollution on life-history traits. Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20212701. [PMID: 35135347 PMCID: PMC8825998 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.2701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmaceutical pollutants pose a threat to aquatic ecosystems worldwide. Yet, few studies have considered the interaction between pharmaceuticals and other chronic stressors contemporaneously, even though the environmental challenges confronting animals in the wild seldom, if ever, occur in isolation. Thermal stress is one such environmental challenge that may modify the threat of pharmaceutical pollutants. Accordingly, we investigated how fluoxetine (Prozac), a common psychotherapeutic and widespread pollutant, interacts with temperature to affect life-history traits in the water flea, Daphnia magna. We chronically exposed two genotypes of Daphnia to two ecological relevant concentrations of fluoxetine (30 ng l-1 and 300 ng l-1) and a concentration representing levels used in acute toxicity tests (3000 ng l-1) and quantified the change in phenotypic trajectories at two temperatures (20°C and 25°C). Across multiple life-history traits, we found that fluoxetine exposure impacted the fecundity, body size and intrinsic growth rate of Daphnia in a non-monotonic manner at 20°C, and often in genotypic-specific ways. At 25°C, however, the life-history phenotypes of individuals converged under the widely varying levels of fluoxetine, irrespective of genotype. Our study underscores the importance of considering the complexity of interactions that can occur in the wild when assessing the effects of chemical pollutants on life-history traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucinda C Aulsebrook
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Bob B M Wong
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Matthew D Hall
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Polazzo F, Roth SK, Hermann M, Mangold‐Döring A, Rico A, Sobek A, Van den Brink PJ, Jackson M. Combined effects of heatwaves and micropollutants on freshwater ecosystems: Towards an integrated assessment of extreme events in multiple stressors research. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:1248-1267. [PMID: 34735747 PMCID: PMC9298819 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater ecosystems are strongly influenced by weather extremes such as heatwaves (HWs), which are predicted to increase in frequency and magnitude in the future. In addition to these climate extremes, the freshwater realm is impacted by the exposure to various classes of chemicals emitted by anthropogenic activities. Currently, there is limited knowledge on how the combined exposure to HWs and chemicals affects the structure and functioning of freshwater ecosystems. Here, we review the available literature describing the single and combined effects of HWs and chemicals on different levels of biological organization, to obtain a holistic view of their potential interactive effects. We only found a few studies (13 out of the 61 studies included in this review) that investigated the biological effects of HWs in combination with chemical pollution. The reported interactive effects of HWs and chemicals varied largely not only within the different trophic levels but also depending on the studied endpoints for populations or individuals. Hence, owing also to the little number of studies available, no consistent interactive effects could be highlighted at any level of biological organization. Moreover, we found an imbalance towards single species and population experiments, with only five studies using a multitrophic approach. This results in a knowledge gap for relevant community and ecosystem level endpoints, which prevents the exploration of important indirect effects that can compromise food web stability. Moreover, this knowledge gap impairs the validity of chemical risk assessments and our ability to protect ecosystems. Finally, we highlight the urgency of integrating extreme events into multiple stressors studies and provide specific recommendations to guide further experimental research in this regard.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Polazzo
- IMDEA Water Institute, Science and Technology Campus of the University of AlcaláAlcalá de HenaresSpain
| | - Sabrina K. Roth
- Department of Environmental ScienceStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - Markus Hermann
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management GroupWageningen UniversityWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Annika Mangold‐Döring
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management GroupWageningen UniversityWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Andreu Rico
- IMDEA Water Institute, Science and Technology Campus of the University of AlcaláAlcalá de HenaresSpain
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of ValenciaValenciaSpain
| | - Anna Sobek
- Department of Environmental ScienceStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - Paul J. Van den Brink
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management GroupWageningen UniversityWageningenThe Netherlands
- Wageningen Environmental ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
85
|
Fuchylo U, Alharbi HA, Alcaraz AJ, Jones PD, Giesy JP, Hecker M, Brinkmann M. Inflammation of Gill Epithelia in Fish Causes Increased Permeation of Petrogenic Polar Organic Chemicals via Disruption of Tight Junctions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:1820-1829. [PMID: 35015514 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c05839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The epithelial cell layer that lines the gills of fish controls paracellular permeation of chemicals through tight junctions. The integrity of tight junctions can be affected by inflammation, which likely affects the bioavailability of chemicals. Here, the inflammation of the rainbow trout gill cell line RTgill-W1 was induced via exposure to bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Cells were then coexposed to extracts of oil sands process-affected water (OSPW), which contain complex mixtures of chemicals. After 24 h of exposure, cells exposed to LPS showed a reduction in transepithelial electrical resistance, an indicator of tight junction integrity. Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis determined that abundances of transcripts of genes coding for tight junction proteins were significantly less in cells exposed to 20, 50, or 100 mg L-1 LPS. Chemical analysis revealed increased permeation of constituents of OSPW across epithelia at all studied LPS concentrations. These in vitro findings were confirmed in vivo in rainbow trout exposed to LPS and OSPW for 48 h, which resulted in greater accumulation of chemicals relative to that for fish exposed to OSPW alone. Our results demonstrated that inflammation and disruption of tight junctions could lead to greater uptake of potentially harmful chemicals from the environment, which has implications for mixture risk assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ulyana Fuchylo
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Hattan A Alharbi
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Paul D Jones
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5B3, Canada
- School of Environment and Sustainability (SENS), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5CN, Canada
| | - John P Giesy
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5B3, Canada
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5B4, Canada
- Global Institute for Water Security (GIWS), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 3H5, Canada
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76706, United States
| | - Markus Hecker
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5B3, Canada
- School of Environment and Sustainability (SENS), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5CN, Canada
| | - Markus Brinkmann
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5B3, Canada
- School of Environment and Sustainability (SENS), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5CN, Canada
- Global Institute for Water Security (GIWS), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 3H5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Padda SS, Stahlschmidt ZR. Evaluating the effects of water and food limitation on the life history of an insect using a multiple-stressor framework. Oecologia 2022; 198:519-530. [PMID: 35067802 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-022-05115-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Many environmental stressors naturally covary, and the frequency and duration of stressors such as heat waves and droughts are increasing globally with climate change. Multiple stressors may have additive or non-additive effects on fitness-related traits, such as locomotion, reproduction, and somatic growth. Despite its importance to terrestrial animals, water availability is rarely incorporated into multiple-stressor frameworks. Water limitation often occurs concurrently with food limitation (e.g., droughts can trigger famines), and the acquisition of water and food can be linked because water is necessary for digestion and metabolism. Thus, we investigated the independent and interactive effects of water and food limitation on life-history traits using female crickets (Gryllus firmus), which exhibit a wing dimorphism mediating a life-history trade-off between flight and fecundity. Our results indicate that traits vary in their sensitivities to environmental factors and factor-factor interactions. For example, neither environmental factor affected flight musculature, only water limitation affected survival, and food and water availability non-additively (i.e., interactively) influenced body and ovary mass. Water availability had a larger effect on traits than food availability, affected more traits than food availability, and mediated the effects of food availability. Further, life-history strategy influenced the costs of multiple stressors because females investing in flight capacity exhibited greater reductions in body and ovary mass during stress relative to females lacking flight capacity. Therefore, water is important in the multiple-stressor framework, and understanding the dynamics of covarying environmental factors and life history may be critical in the context of climate change characterized by concurrent environmental stressors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sugjit S Padda
- University of the Pacific, 3601 Pacific Avenue, Stockton, CA, 95211, USA.,Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, 16801, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
87
|
Bani A, Randall KC, Clark DR, Gregson BH, Henderson DK, Losty EC, Ferguson RM. Mind the gaps: What do we know about how multiple chemical stressors impact freshwater aquatic microbiomes? ADV ECOL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aecr.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
88
|
Wu F, Sokolova IM. Immune responses to ZnO nanoparticles are modulated by season and environmental temperature in the blue mussels Mytilus edulis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 801:149786. [PMID: 34467929 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Increased production and release of ZnO nanoparticles (nZnO) can cause toxic effects on marine ecosystems and aquatic organisms. However, nZnO toxicity and its modulation by common environmental stressors such as temperature are not yet fully understood. We examined the responses of immune cells (hemocytes) of the blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) exposed to different concentrations (0, 10, 100 μg l-1) of nZnO or dissolved zinc combined with two temperatures (ambient (10 °C in winter and 15 °C in summer) and warming (+5 °C above ambient temperature)) in winter and summer for 21 days. In winter mussels, exposure to nZnO induced a strong transcriptomic response in multiple immune and inflammation-related genes, stimulated phagocytosis and hemocyte mortality yet suppressed adhesion capacity of hemocytes. In summer mussels, the immune cell responses to nZnO were blunted. The transcriptional responses of hemocytes to dissolved Zn were qualitatively similar but weaker than the responses to nZnO. In the absence of the toxic stress, +5 °C warming lead to dysregulation of the transcription of key immune-related genes in the summer but not the winter mussels. Seasonal warm acclimatization and additional warming in summer suppressed the nZnO-induced transcriptional upregulation of antimicrobial peptides, Toll-like receptors and the complement system. These findings demonstrate that nZnO act as an immunogen in M. edulis and indicate that +5 °C warming might have detrimental effect on innate immunity of the temperate mussel populations in summer when exposure to pathogens is especially high. Capsule: ZnO nanoparticles act as an immunotoxicant inducing a strong immune response in the mussels which is dysregulated by warming in summer but not in winter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangli Wu
- Department of Marine Biology, Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Inna M Sokolova
- Department of Marine Biology, Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany; Department of Maritime Systems, Interdisciplinary Faculty, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Siddique A, Shahid N, Liess M. Multiple Stress Reduces the Advantage of Pesticide Adaptation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:15100-15109. [PMID: 34730333 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c02669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Under global change scenarios, multistress conditions may occur regularly and require adaptation. However, the adaptation to one stressor might be associated with the increased sensitivity to another stressor. Here, we investigated the ecological consequences of such trade-off under multiple stress. We compared the pesticide tolerance of the crustacean Gammarus pulex from agricultural streams with populations from reference streams. Under optimum temperature, G. pulex from agricultural streams were considerably more tolerant to pesticides as compared to the reference populations. Here, we assume that the increased tolerance in agricultural populations is the combination of acclimation, epigenetic effect, and genetic evolution. After experimental pre-exposure to very low concentration (LC50/1000), reference populations showed increased pesticide tolerance. In contrast, pre-exposure did not further increase the tolerance of agricultural populations. Moreover, these populations were more sensitive to elevated temperature alone due to the hypothesized fitness cost of genetic adaptation to pesticides. However, both reference and agricultural populations showed a similar tolerance to the combined stress of pesticides and warming due to stronger synergistic effects in adapted populations. As a result, pesticide adaptation loses its advantage. The combined effect was predicted well using the stress addition model, developed for predicting the synergistic interaction of independent stressors. We conclude that under multistress conditions, adaptation to pesticides reduces the general stress capacity of individuals and trade-off processes increase the sensitivity to additional stressors. This causes strong synergistic effects of additional stressors on pesticide-adapted individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Siddique
- Department of System-Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research─UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig 04318, Germany
- Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Naeem Shahid
- Department of System-Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research─UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig 04318, Germany
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Street 13, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari 61100, Pakistan
| | - Matthias Liess
- Department of System-Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research─UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig 04318, Germany
- Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, Aachen 52074, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Chronic exposure to stressors has a persistent effect on feeding behaviour but not cortisol levels in sticklebacks. Anim Behav 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2021.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
91
|
Macaulay SJ, Hageman KJ, Piggott JJ, Juvigny-Khenafou NPD, Matthaei CD. Warming and imidacloprid pulses determine macroinvertebrate community dynamics in experimental streams. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2021; 27:5469-5490. [PMID: 34418243 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable management of freshwater and pesticide use is essential for mitigating the impacts of intensive agriculture in the context of a changing climate. To better understand how climate change will affect the vulnerability of freshwater ecosystems to chemical pollutants, more empirical evidence is needed on the combined effects of climatic and chemical stressors in environmentally realistic conditions. Our experiment provides the first empirical evaluation of stream macroinvertebrate community dynamics in response to one of the world's most widely used insecticides, imidacloprid, and increased water temperature. In a 7-week streamside experiment using 128 flow-through circular mesocosms, we investigated the effects of pulsed imidacloprid exposure (four environmentally relevant levels between 0 and 4.6 µg/L) and raised water temperature (ambient, 3°C above) on invertebrate communities representative of fast- and slow-flowing microhabitats. Invertebrate drift and insect emergence were monitored during three pesticide pulses (10 days apart), and benthic invertebrate communities were sampled after 24 days of heating and pesticide manipulations. All three manipulated factors strongly affected drift community composition. The first imidacloprid pulse and increased temperature had a greater impact on communities in fast-flowing mesocosms, which contained more pollution-sensitive EPT taxa (mayflies, stoneflies and caddisflies). Heating and imidacloprid caused increased emigration by drift, weak reductions in emergence, and negatively affected the benthic community. The combined effect of stressor manipulations and a 10-day natural heatwave drastically reduced relative abundances of EPT and insects overall and caused a shift to oligochaete-, crustacean- and gastropod-dominated communities. Contrary to our hypothesis, the very high yet realistic water temperatures reached in our experiment meant the negative effects of imidacloprid were clearest at ambient temperatures and fast flow. These findings demonstrate the potential combined impacts of imidacloprid contamination and heatwaves on freshwater invertebrate communities under future climate scenarios and highlight the need for more countries to take regulatory action to control neonicotinoid use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J Macaulay
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Kimberly J Hageman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, USA
| | - Jeremy J Piggott
- Department of Zoology, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
92
|
Wang QY, Hu NW, Yu HW, Wang QR, Liu YX, Yue J, Hu B. Do freeze-thaw cycles affect the cadmium accumulation, subcellular distribution, and chemical forms in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)? ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 228:112952. [PMID: 34736033 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To date, although there are many studies investigating the toxicity of heavy metal to plant, little research exists in the seasonal freeze-thaw (FT) regions where FT cycles often happen during the plant growing process. To reveal the adaptive mechanisms of plants to the combination stresses of cadmium (Cd) and FT, the Cd accumulation, subcellular distribution, chemical forms, and antioxidant enzyme activity (peroxidase (POD)) were investigated in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) growing under different soil Cd levels (i.e., 0.10 mg Cd kg-1 soil (low), 1.21 mg Cd kg-1 soil (medium), and 2.57 mg Cd kg-1 soil (high)). Compared to the non-freeze-thaw (NFT) treatments, higher Cd concentrations in the root and lower translocation factors from root to leaf were found for the plants experiencing FT cycles. FT significantly decreased the Cd concentrations in the leaves under the low- and medium-Cd treatments, while similar values were found for the high-Cd treatments. Generally, FT could decrease the concentrations and proportions of Cd stored in the cell wall and soluble fractions and increase them in the organelle fractions for the medium- and high-Cd treatments, while opposite tendency was found for the low-Cd treatments. Moreover, larger Cd amounts in the inorganic and water-soluble forms were found for the low- and medium-Cd treated plants under FT, while lower values were found for the high-Cd treatments. Additionally, POD, which presented higher activities at the low- and medium-Cd treatments and lower activities at the high-Cd treatments under FT, were also significantly influenced by the Cd × FT interaction. This study indicated that FT could significantly change the accumulations of Cd in plant, and it provided a new insight into the Cd accumulation by plants in the seasonal FT region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quan-Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Wet Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China.
| | - Nai-Wen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Wet Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Hong-Wen Yu
- Key Laboratory of Wet Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China.
| | - Qi-Rong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Wet Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China.
| | - Yu-Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Wet Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Jing Yue
- Key Laboratory of Wet Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China.
| | - Bo Hu
- Agricultural Technology and Extension Center of Jilin Province, Changchun 130033, China.
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Loustau E, Leflaive J, Boscus C, Amalric Q, Ferriol J, Oleinikova O, Pokrovsky OS, Girbal-Neuhauser E, Rols JL. The Response of Extracellular Polymeric Substances Production by Phototrophic Biofilms to a Sequential Disturbance Strongly Depends on Environmental Conditions. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:742027. [PMID: 34707592 PMCID: PMC8542934 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.742027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Phototrophic biofilms are exposed to multiple stressors that can affect them both directly and indirectly. By modifying either the composition of the community or the physiology of the microorganisms, press stressors may indirectly impact the ability of the biofilms to cope with disturbances. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) produced by the biofilm are known to play an important role in its resilience to various stresses. The aim of this study was to decipher to what extent slight modifications of environmental conditions could alter the resilience of phototrophic biofilm EPS to a realistic sequential disturbance (4-day copper exposure followed by a 14-day dry period). By using very simplified biofilms with a single algal strain, we focused solely on physiological effects. The biofilms, composed by the non-axenic strains of a green alga (Uronema confervicolum) or a diatom (Nitzschia palea) were grown in artificial channels in six different conditions of light intensity, temperature and phosphorous concentration. EPS quantity (total organic carbon) and quality (ratio protein/polysaccharide, PN/PS) were measured before and at the end of the disturbance, and after a 14-day rewetting period. The diatom biofilm accumulated more biomass at the highest temperature, with lower EPS content and lower PN/PS ratio while green alga biofilm accumulated more biomass at the highest light condition with lower EPS content and lower PN/PS ratio. Temperature, light intensity, and P concentration significantly modified the resistance and/or recovery of EPS quality and quantity, differently for the two biofilms. An increase in light intensity, which had effect neither on the diatom biofilm growth nor on EPS production before disturbance, increased the resistance of EPS quantity and the resilience of EPS quality. These results emphasize the importance of considering the modulation of community resilience ability by environmental conditions, which remains scarce in the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Loustau
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse INP, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France.,LBAE, Université de Toulouse, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Auch, France
| | - Joséphine Leflaive
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse INP, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Claire Boscus
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse INP, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Quentin Amalric
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse INP, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Jessica Ferriol
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse INP, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Olga Oleinikova
- GET, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Oleg S Pokrovsky
- GET, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France.,BIO-GEO-CLIM Laboratory, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | | | - Jean-Luc Rols
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse INP, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Zabala J, Rodríguez-Jorquera I, Trexler JC, Orzechowski S, Garner L, Frederick P. Accounting for food availability reveals contaminant-induced breeding impairment, food-modulated contaminant effects, and endpoint-specificity of exposure indicators in free ranging avian populations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 791:148322. [PMID: 34412380 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
It remains unclear how sub-lethal effects of contaminants play out in relation to other stressors encountered by free-ranging populations. Effects may be masked or influenced by interactions with field stressors such as food availability. We predicted that (1) including food availability, and particularly its interaction with Hg, would reveal or enhance associations between Hg and breeding endpoints. We further predicted that (2) breeding impairment associated with Hg would be higher under food stress conditions. We monitored Hg and nest success of great egrets (Ardea alba) in eight breeding colonies in the Florida Everglades over 11 years. We characterized variation in local food availability among colonies and years using fish biomass and recession range -a proxy to fish vulnerability. We used two Hg exposure indicators (egg albumen Hg and nestling feather Hg) and six breeding endpoints (clutch-size, brood-size, fledged-size, hatching success, post-hatching success and fledglings per egg) to assess whether variation in food availability influenced associations between Hg and these endpoints. Accounting for interactions between Hg and food availability, we identified statistically significant associations in all 12 indicator-endpoint combinations, while only three were detectable without food. Further, 10 combinations showed interactions between Hg and components of food availability. Our results also indicated an endpoint-specific affinity, with albumen [Hg] explaining more variation in hatching success while nestling feather [Hg] explained more variation in post-hatching survival. Both Hg indicators accounted for relevant (6-10%) amounts of variation in fledglings produced per egg laid, an integrative endpoint. Increased Hg exposure resulted in overall reduced reproductive success when food availability was low, but our models predicted low or no effects of increasing Hg exposure when food availability was high. Our results indicate that Hg induced impairment is strongly driven by food availability, providing a framework that accommodates previously contradictory results in the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jabi Zabala
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, C/Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Araba, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Ignacio Rodríguez-Jorquera
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Centro de Humedales Río Cruces (CEHUM), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Joel C Trexler
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA; Coastal & Marine laboratory, Florida State University, St. Teresa, FL, USA
| | - Sophie Orzechowski
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Lindsey Garner
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Peter Frederick
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Dinh KV, Doan KLU, Doan NX, Pham HQ, Le THO, Le MH, Vu MTT, Dahms HU, Truong KN. Parental exposures increase the vulnerability of copepod offspring to copper and a simulated marine heatwave. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 287:117603. [PMID: 34147778 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Extreme temperatures from marine heatwaves (MHWs) and pollution are dominant stressors in tropical marine ecosystems. However, we know little about the role of transgenerational effects of metals and MHWs in shaping the offspring's vulnerability to these stressors. We addressed this fundamental knowledge gap by exposing the planktonic copepod Pseudodiaptomus incisus to copper (Cu: control, 15 and 60 μg L-1) under 2 temperatures (30 and a simulated marine heatwave at 34 °C) in the first generation (F1) and 16 treatments in F2: offspring from each of 4 F1 conditions (control or 15 μg Cu L-1 × 30 or 34 °C) was reared in 4 F2 conditions (control or 15 μg Cu L-1 × 30 or 34 °C). We assessed changes in copepod performance, particularly survival, adult size, grazing, and reproduction. In F1, Cu or marine heatwave (MHW) exposures reduced all fitness traits of F1; the effects were particularly strong when both stressors were present. Transgenerational effects of Cu or MHW also strongly reduced F2 performance. Direct Cu and MHW effects on the offspring were further strengthened by transgenerational effects, resulting in more substantial reductions in F2 performance when both generations were exposed to these stressors. As copepods are major food resources for corals, shrimps, or fish larvae and juveniles, strong transgenerational and direct effects of Cu and MHW can have a cascading effect on entire coastal food webs. These results highlight the importance of considering the interaction of transgenerational and direct effects of multiple stressors, particularly relevant for short-lived organisms in tropical marine ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khuong V Dinh
- Cam Ranh Centre for Tropical Marine Research and Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture, Nha Trang University, No 2 Nguyen Dinh Chieu Street, Nha Trang City, Viet Nam.
| | - Kha L U Doan
- Cam Ranh Centre for Tropical Marine Research and Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture, Nha Trang University, No 2 Nguyen Dinh Chieu Street, Nha Trang City, Viet Nam; Department of Environmental Technology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
| | - Nam X Doan
- Cam Ranh Centre for Tropical Marine Research and Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture, Nha Trang University, No 2 Nguyen Dinh Chieu Street, Nha Trang City, Viet Nam
| | - Hung Q Pham
- Cam Ranh Centre for Tropical Marine Research and Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture, Nha Trang University, No 2 Nguyen Dinh Chieu Street, Nha Trang City, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Hoang Oanh Le
- Department of Environmental Technology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
| | - Minh-Hoang Le
- Cam Ranh Centre for Tropical Marine Research and Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture, Nha Trang University, No 2 Nguyen Dinh Chieu Street, Nha Trang City, Viet Nam
| | - Minh T T Vu
- Cam Ranh Centre for Tropical Marine Research and Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture, Nha Trang University, No 2 Nguyen Dinh Chieu Street, Nha Trang City, Viet Nam
| | - Hans-Uwe Dahms
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Kiem N Truong
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Science, Vietnam National University, VNU Hanoi, 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Cuenca‐Cambronero M, Pantel JH, Marshall H, Nguyen TTT, Tomero‐Sanz H, Orsini L. Evolutionary mechanisms underpinning fitness response to multiple stressors in Daphnia. Evol Appl 2021; 14:2457-2469. [PMID: 34745337 PMCID: PMC8549616 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple stressors linked to anthropogenic activities can influence how organisms adapt and evolve. So far, a consensus on how multiple stressors drive adaptive trajectories in natural populations has not been reached. Some meta-analysis reports show predominance of additive effects of stressors on ecological endpoints (e.g., fecundity, mortality), whereas others show synergistic effects more frequently. Moreover, it is unclear what mechanisms of adaptation underpin responses to complex environments. Here, we use populations of Daphnia magna resurrected from different times in the past to investigate mechanisms of adaptation to multiple stressors and to understand how historical exposure to environmental stress shapes adaptive responses of modern populations. Using common garden experiments on resurrected modern and historical populations, we investigate (1) whether exposure to one stress results in higher tolerance to a second stressor; (2) the mechanisms of adaptation underpinning long-term evolution to multistress (genetic evolution, plasticity, evolution of plasticity); and (3) the interaction effects of multiple stressors on fitness (synergism, antagonism, additivity). We measure the combined impact of different levels of resource availability (algae) and biocides on fitness-linked life-history traits and interpret these results in light of historical environmental exposures. We show that exposure to one stressor can alter tolerance to second stressors and that the interaction effect depends on the severity of either stressor. We also show that mechanisms of adaptation underpinning phenotypic evolution significantly differ in single-stress and multistress scenarios. These adaptive responses are driven largely by synergistic effects on fecundity and size at maturity, and additive effects on age at maturity. Exposure to multiple stressors shifts the trade-offs among fitness-linked life-history traits, with a stronger effect on Daphnia populations when low-resource availability and high biocide levels are experienced. Our study indicates that mitigation interventions based on single-stress analysis may not capture realistic threats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cuenca‐Cambronero
- Department of Fish Ecology and EvolutionEawagKastanienbaumSwitzerland
- Aquatic Ecology and EvolutionInstitute of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
- Environmental Genomics Group, School of BiosciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| | - Jelena H. Pantel
- Department of Computer Science, Mathematics, and Environmental ScienceThe American University of ParisParisFrance
| | - Hollie Marshall
- Environmental Genomics Group, School of BiosciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
- Institute of Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Tien T. T. Nguyen
- Environmental Genomics Group, School of BiosciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
- Department of Animal and Plant SciencesUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Henar Tomero‐Sanz
- Environmental Genomics Group, School of BiosciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
- Department of Molecular Cancer Pathology of IRYCISHospital Ramon y CajalMadridSpain
| | - Luisa Orsini
- Environmental Genomics Group, School of BiosciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Cao JY, Xing K, Zhao F. Complex delayed and transgenerational effects driven by the interaction of heat and insecticide in the maternal generation of the wheat aphid, Sitobion avenae. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:4453-4461. [PMID: 34002463 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Experience of an earlier environment plays an important role in the induction of delayed and even intergenerational phenotypes of an organism. Evidence suggests that rapid adaptation to an environmental stressor can change the performance of organisms, and even enable them to deal with other stressors. The goal of this study was to determine the effects of adult imidacloprid exposure on life-history traits within and between generations of the cereal aphid, Sitobion avenae, under three developmental conditions: constant temperature, 22°C; a low-intensity thermal condition, 22 + 34°C for 2 h per day; and a high-intensity thermal condition, 22 + 38°C for 2 h per day. RESULTS Early thermal experience not only changed the tolerance of S. avenae to the insecticide, imidacloprid, but also caused adults to incur fitness costs: the higher the heat intensity, the higher the costs. Negative transgenerational impacts of combined heat and insecticide stressors were limited to the developmental stage, whereas positive stimulation of heat intensity was observed during the adult stage. Overall, nymphal thermal experience exacerbated the detrimental effects of adult insecticidal exposure on the intrinsic rate of population increase in the maternal generation, but stimulated a net reproductive rate in the succeeding offspring generation. CONCLUSION These findings underpin the importance of considering the experience of the early developmental environment, but also enhance our understanding of the transgenerational effects of combined thermal and insecticide stressors on the population fate of S. avenae. They also help to assess the efficacy of chemical control in a warming world. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Yu Cao
- Department of Life Science, Lvliang University, Lvliang, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Kun Xing
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Shouyang Agroecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Taiyuan, China
| | - Fei Zhao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Shouyang Agroecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Taiyuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
Brans KI, Almeida RA, Fajgenblat M. Genetic differentiation in pesticide resistance between urban and rural populations of a nontarget freshwater keystone interactor, Daphnia magna. Evol Appl 2021; 14:2541-2552. [PMID: 34745342 PMCID: PMC8549624 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence that urbanization drives adaptive evolution in response to thermal gradients. One such example is documented in the water flea Daphnia magna. However, organisms residing in urban lentic ecosystems are increasingly exposed to chemical pollutants such as pesticides through run-off and aerial transportation. The extent to which urbanization drives the evolution of pesticide resistance in aquatic organisms and whether this is impacted by warming and thermal adaptation remains limitedly studied. We performed a common garden rearing experiment using multiple clonal lineages originating from five replicated urban and rural D. magna populations, in which we implemented an acute toxicity test exposing neonates (<24h) to either a solvent control or the organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos. Pesticide exposures were performed at two temperatures (20°C vs. 24°C) to test for temperature-associated differences in urbanization-driven evolved pesticide resistance. We identified a strong overall effect of pesticide exposure on Daphnia survival probability (-72.8 percentage points). However, urban Daphnia genotypes showed higher survival probabilities compared to rural ones in the presence of chlorpyrifos (+29.7 percentage points). Our experiment did not reveal strong temperature x pesticide or temperature x pesticide x urbanization background effects on survival probability. The here observed evolution of resistance to an organophosphate pesticide is a first indication Daphnia likely also adapts to pesticide pollution in urban areas. Increased pesticide resistance could facilitate their population persistence in urban ponds, and feed back to ecosystem functions, such as top-down control of algae. In addition, adaptive evolution of nontarget organisms to pest control strategies and occupational pesticide use may modulate how pesticide applications affect genetic and species diversity in urban areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristien I. Brans
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution, and ConservationKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Rafaela A. Almeida
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution, and ConservationKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Maxime Fajgenblat
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution, and ConservationKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Liu Z, Zhang C, Xin Z, Tai P, Song C, Deng X. Comparing the Impacts of Sediment-Spiked Cadmium on Chironomidae Larvae in Laboratory Bioassays and Field Microcosms and the Implications for Field Validation of Site-Specific Threshold Concentrations. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2021; 40:2450-2462. [PMID: 34037263 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Information on the effects of pollutants in sediments at an ecosystem level to validate current and proposed risk-assessment procedures is scarce. The most frequent criticism of these procedures is that responses of surrogate species in the laboratory are not representative of responses of natural populations. A tiered approach using both laboratory and microcosm exposures (96-h and 21-d laboratory bioassays and a 3-mo field microcosm) was conducted to compare the impacts of sediment-spiked cadmium on the mortality, development, and abundance of Chironomidae larvae. The 96-h and 21-d lethal concentrations of sediment-spiked Cd to 50% of the species Chironomus riparius were estimated to be 201.07 and 172.66 mg/kg, respectively. In the 21-d laboratory bioassay, the endpoints, including the development rate and emergence ratio, were compared, and the lowest-observed-effect concentration (LOEC) values were 325.8 and 10.7 mg/kg, respectively. The abundance, richness, and biomass of field-collected larvae were compared among the different treatments in the field microcosm, and it was found that the order of sensitivities using different endpoints was biomass (2.6/5.2 mg/kg of no-observed-effect concentration/LOEC) > diversity (10.7/21.2 mg/kg) > abundance (41.2/82.7 mg/kg). The toxicity values based on lethal/sublethal changes in the laboratory bioassays might not fully protect field organisms against damage from chemicals, such as Cd, unless an assessment factor of 5 is used. These findings highlight the need to conduct field validation of criteria/guidelines before they are introduced to protect organisms/ecosystems in the field and provide a preliminary template for future field validation of criteria elsewhere. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:2450-2462. © 2021 SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Liu
- Faculty of Infrastructure Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Faculty of Infrastructure Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Zhuohang Xin
- Faculty of Infrastructure Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Peidong Tai
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Changchun Song
- Faculty of Infrastructure Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Xin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Haberstroh S, Caldeira MC, Lobo-do-Vale R, Martins JI, Moemken J, Pinto JG, Werner C. Nonlinear plant-plant interactions modulate impact of extreme drought and recovery on a Mediterranean ecosystem. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 231:1784-1797. [PMID: 34076289 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Interaction effects of different stressors, such as extreme drought and plant invasion, can have detrimental effects on ecosystem functioning and recovery after drought. With ongoing climate change and increasing plant invasion, there is an urgent need to predict the short- and long-term interaction impacts of these stressors on ecosystems. We established a combined precipitation exclusion and shrub invasion (Cistus ladanifer) experiment in a Mediterranean cork oak (Quercus suber) ecosystem with four treatments: (1) Q. suber control; (2) Q. suber with rain exclusion; (3) Q. suber invaded by shrubs; and (4) Q. suber with rain exclusion and shrub invasion. As key parameter, we continuously measured ecosystem water fluxes. In an average precipitation year, the interaction effects of both stressors were neutral. However, the combination of imposed drought and shrub invasion led to amplifying interaction effects during an extreme drought by strongly reducing tree transpiration. Contrarily, the imposed drought reduced the competitiveness of the shrubs in the following recovery period, which buffered the negative effects of shrub invasion on Q. suber. Our results demonstrate the highly dynamic and nonlinear effects of interacting stressors on ecosystems and urges for further investigations on biotic interactions in a context of climate change pressures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Haberstroh
- Ecosystem Physiology, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, University Freiburg, Freiburg, 79110, Germany
- Forest Research Centre, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, 1349-017, Portugal
| | - Maria C Caldeira
- Forest Research Centre, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, 1349-017, Portugal
| | - Raquel Lobo-do-Vale
- Forest Research Centre, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, 1349-017, Portugal
| | - Joana I Martins
- Forest Research Centre, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, 1349-017, Portugal
| | - Julia Moemken
- Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-TRO), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany
| | - Joaquim G Pinto
- Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-TRO), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany
| | - Christiane Werner
- Ecosystem Physiology, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, University Freiburg, Freiburg, 79110, Germany
| |
Collapse
|