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Martire S, Fuso A, Mosca L, Forte E, Correani V, Fontana M, Scarpa S, Maras B, d'Erme M. Bioenergetic Impairment in Animal and Cellular Models of Alzheimer's Disease: PARP-1 Inhibition Rescues Metabolic Dysfunctions. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 54:307-24. [PMID: 27567805 DOI: 10.3233/jad-151040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid-beta peptide accumulation in the brain is one of the main hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease. The amyloid aggregation process is associated with the generation of free radical species responsible for mitochondrial impairment and DNA damage that in turn activates poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase 1 (PARP-1). PARP-1 catalyzes the poly(ADP-ribosylation), a post-translational modification of proteins, cleaving the substrate NAD+ and transferring the ADP-ribose moieties to the enzyme itself or to an acceptor protein to form branched polymers of ADP-ribose. In this paper, we demonstrate that a mitochondrial dysfunction occurs in Alzheimer's transgenic mice TgCRND8, in SH-SY5Y treated with amyloid-beta and in 7PA2 cells. Moreover, PARP-1 activation contributes to the functional energetic decline affecting cytochrome oxidase IV protein levels, oxygen consumption rates, and membrane potential, resulting in cellular bioenergetic deficit. We also observed, for the first time, an increase of pyruvate kinase 2 expression, suggesting a modulation of the glycolytic pathway by PARP-1. PARP-1 inhibitors are able to restore both mitochondrial impairment and pyruvate kinase 2 expression. The overall data here presented indicate a pivotal role for this enzyme in the bioenergetic network of neuronal cells and open new perspectives for investigating molecular mechanisms underlying energy charge decline in Alzheimer's disease. In this scenario, PARP-1 inhibitors might represent a novel therapeutic intervention to rescue cellular energetic metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Martire
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University, Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Fuso
- Department of Psychology, and European Center for Brain Research (CERC)/IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Sapienza University, Roma, Italy
| | - Luciana Mosca
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University, Roma, Italy
| | - Elena Forte
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University, Roma, Italy
| | - Virginia Correani
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University, Roma, Italy
| | - Mario Fontana
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University, Roma, Italy
| | - Sigfrido Scarpa
- Department of Surgery "P. Valdoni", Sapienza University, Roma, Italy
| | - Bruno Maras
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University, Roma, Italy
| | - Maria d'Erme
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University, Roma, Italy
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Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)10 is a PARP family member that performs mono-ADP-ribosylation of target proteins. Recent studies have linked PARP10 to metabolic processes and metabolic regulators that prompted us to assess whether PARP10 influences mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. The depletion of PARP10 by specific shRNAs increased mitochondrial oxidative capacity in cellular models of breast, cervical, colorectal and exocrine pancreas cancer. Upon silencing of PARP10, mitochondrial superoxide production decreased in line with increased expression of antioxidant genes pointing out lower oxidative stress upon PARP10 silencing. Improved mitochondrial oxidative capacity coincided with increased AMPK activation. The silencing of PARP10 in MCF7 and CaCo2 cells decreased the proliferation rate that correlated with increased expression of anti-Warburg enzymes (Foxo1, PGC-1α, IDH2 and fumarase). By analyzing an online database we showed that lower PARP10 expression increases survival in gastric cancer. Furthermore, PARP10 expression decreased upon fasting, a condition that is characterized by increases in mitochondrial biogenesis. Finally, lower PARP10 expression is associated with increased fatty acid oxidation.
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53
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Czapski GA, Cieślik M, Wencel PL, Wójtowicz S, Strosznajder RP, Strosznajder JB. Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 alters expression of mitochondria-related genes in PC12 cells: relevance to mitochondrial homeostasis in neurodegenerative disorders. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017; 1865:281-288. [PMID: 29128369 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the release of amyloid beta peptides (Aβ) in the form of monomers/oligomers which may lead to oxidative stress, mitochondria dysfunction, synaptic loss, neuroinflammation and, in consequence, to overactivation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1). However, Aβ peptides are also released in the brain ischemia, traumatic injury and in inflammatory response. PARP-1 is suggested to be a promising target in therapy of neurodegenerative disorders. We investigated the impact of PARP-1 inhibition on transcription of mitochondria-related genes in PC12 cells. Moreover, the effect of PARP-1 inhibitor (PJ34) on cells subjected to Aβ oligomers (AβO) - evoked stress was analyzed. Our data demonstrated that inhibition of PARP-1 in PC12 cells enhanced the transcription of genes for antioxidative enzymes (Sod1, Gpx1, Gpx4), activated genes regulating mitochondrial fission/fusion (Mfn1, Mfn2, Dnm1l, Opa1, Fis1), subunits of ETC complexes (mt-Nd1, Sdha, mt-Cytb) and modulated expression of several TFs, enhanced Foxo1 and decreased Nrf1, Stat6, Nfkb1. AβO elevated free radicals concentration, decreased mitochondria membrane potential (MMP) and cell viability after 24h. Gene transcription was not affected by AβO after 24h, but was significantly downregulated after 96h. In AβO stress, PJ34 exerted stimulatory effect on expression of several genes (Gpx1, Gpx4, Opa1, Mfn2, Fis1 and Sdha), decreased transcription of numerous TFs (Nrf1, Tfam, Stat3, Stat6, Trp53, Nfkb1) and prevented oxidative stress. Our results indicated that PARP-1 inhibition significantly enhanced transcription of genes involved in antioxidative defense and in regulation of mitochondria function, but was not able to ameliorate cells viability affected by Aβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz A Czapski
- Department of Cellular Signalling, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Cieślik
- Department of Cellular Signalling, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Przemysław L Wencel
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Environmental Agents, Department of Neurosurgery, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Sylwia Wójtowicz
- Department of Cellular Signalling, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Robert P Strosznajder
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Environmental Agents, Department of Neurosurgery, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Joanna B Strosznajder
- Department of Cellular Signalling, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
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54
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Martín-Guerrero SM, Muñoz-Gámez JA, Carrasco MC, Salmerón J, Martín-Estebané M, Cuadros MA, Navascués J, Martín-Oliva D. Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases inhibitors prevent early mitochondrial fragmentation and hepatocyte cell death induced by H2O2. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187130. [PMID: 29073231 PMCID: PMC5658148 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases (PARPs) are a family of NAD+ consuming enzymes that play a crucial role in many cellular processes, most clearly in maintaining genome integrity. Here, we present an extensive analysis of the alteration of mitochondrial morphology and the relationship to PARPs activity after oxidative stress using an in vitro model of human hepatic cells. The following outcomes were observed: reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by oxidative treatment quickly stimulated PARPs activation, promoted changes in mitochondrial morphology associated with early mitochondrial fragmentation and energy dysfunction and finally triggered apoptotic cell death. Pharmacological treatment with specific PARP-1 (the major NAD+ consuming poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases) and PARP-1/PARP-2 inhibitors after the oxidant insult recovered normal mitochondrial morphology and, hence, increased the viability of human hepatic cells. As the PARP-1 and PARP-1/PARP-2 inhibitors achieved similar outcomes, we conclude that most of the PARPs effects were due to PARP-1 activation. NAD+ supplementation had similar effects to those of the PARPs inhibitors. Therefore, PARPs activation and the subsequent NAD+ depletion are crucial events in decreased cell survival (and increased apoptosis) in hepatic cells subjected to oxidative stress. These results suggest that the alterations in mitochondrial morphology and function seem to be related to NAD+ depletion, and show for the first time that PARPs inhibition abrogates mitochondrial fragmentation. In conclusion, the inhibition of PARPs may be a valuable therapeutic approach for treating liver diseases, by reducing the cell death associated with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José A. Muñoz-Gámez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica (ibsGranada), Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - María-Carmen Carrasco
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Javier Salmerón
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica (ibsGranada), Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - María Martín-Estebané
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Cuadros
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Julio Navascués
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - David Martín-Oliva
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- * E-mail:
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55
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Fakouri NB, Durhuus JA, Regnell CE, Angleys M, Desler C, Hasan-Olive MM, Martín-Pardillos A, Tsaalbi-Shtylik A, Thomsen K, Lauritzen M, Bohr VA, de Wind N, Bergersen LH, Rasmussen LJ. Rev1 contributes to proper mitochondrial function via the PARP-NAD +-SIRT1-PGC1α axis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12480. [PMID: 28970491 PMCID: PMC5624938 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12662-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acids, which constitute the genetic material of all organisms, are continuously exposed to endogenous and exogenous damaging agents, representing a significant challenge to genome stability and genome integrity over the life of a cell or organism. Unrepaired DNA lesions, such as single- and double-stranded DNA breaks (SSBs and DSBs), and single-stranded gaps can block progression of the DNA replication fork, causing replicative stress and/or cell cycle arrest. However, translesion synthesis (TLS) DNA polymerases, such as Rev1, have the ability to bypass some DNA lesions, which can circumvent the process leading to replication fork arrest and minimize replicative stress. Here, we show that Rev1-deficiency in mouse embryo fibroblasts or mouse liver tissue is associated with replicative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. In addition, Rev1-deficiency is associated with high poly(ADP) ribose polymerase 1 (PARP1) activity, low endogenous NAD+, low expression of SIRT1 and PGC1α and low adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated kinase (AMPK) activity. We conclude that replication stress via Rev1-deficiency contributes to metabolic stress caused by compromized mitochondrial function via the PARP-NAD+-SIRT1-PGC1α axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Borhan Fakouri
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jon Ambæk Durhuus
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christine Elisabeth Regnell
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Angleys
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claus Desler
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Kirsten Thomsen
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Lauritzen
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Rigshospitalet, 2600, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Vilhelm A Bohr
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, USA
| | - Niels de Wind
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Linda Hildegard Bergersen
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lene Juel Rasmussen
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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56
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Long A, Klimova N, Kristian T. Mitochondrial NUDIX hydrolases: A metabolic link between NAD catabolism, GTP and mitochondrial dynamics. Neurochem Int 2017; 109:193-201. [PMID: 28302504 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
NAD+ catabolism and mitochondrial dynamics are important parts of normal mitochondrial function and are both reported to be disrupted in aging, neurodegenerative diseases, and acute brain injury. While both processes have been extensively studied there has been little reported on how the mechanisms of these two processes are linked. This review focuses on how downstream NAD+ catabolism via NUDIX hydrolases affects mitochondrial dynamics under pathologic conditions. Additionally, several potential targets in mitochondrial dysfunction and fragmentation are discussed, including the roles of mitochondrial poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1(mtPARP1), AMPK, AMP, and intra-mitochondrial GTP metabolism. Mitochondrial and cytosolic NUDIX hydrolases (NUDT9α and NUDT9β) can affect mitochondrial and cellular AMP levels by hydrolyzing ADP- ribose (ADPr) and subsequently altering the levels of GTP and ATP. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) is activated after DNA damage, which depletes NAD+ pools and results in the PARylation of nuclear and mitochondrial proteins. In the mitochondria, ADP-ribosyl hydrolase-3 (ARH3) hydrolyzes PAR to ADPr, while NUDT9α metabolizes ADPr to AMP. Elevated AMP levels have been reported to reduce mitochondrial ATP production by inhibiting the adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT), allosterically activating AMPK by altering the cellular AMP: ATP ratio, and by depleting mitochondrial GTP pools by being phosphorylated by adenylate kinase 3 (AK3), which uses GTP as a phosphate donor. Recently, activated AMPK was reported to phosphorylate mitochondria fission factor (MFF), which increases Drp1 localization to the mitochondria and promotes mitochondrial fission. Moreover, the increased AK3 activity could deplete mitochondrial GTP pools and possibly inhibit normal activity of GTP-dependent fusion enzymes, thus altering mitochondrial dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Long
- Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Center System, 10 North Greene Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Nina Klimova
- Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Center System, 10 North Greene Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Department of Anesthesiology and the Center for Shock, Trauma, and Anesthesiology Research (S.T.A.R.), United States; Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Tibor Kristian
- Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Center System, 10 North Greene Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Department of Anesthesiology and the Center for Shock, Trauma, and Anesthesiology Research (S.T.A.R.), United States.
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Giorgi A, Tempera I, Napoletani G, Drovandi D, Potestà C, Martire S, Mandosi E, Filardi T, Eugenia Schininà M, Morano S, d'Erme M, Maras B. Poly(ADP-ribosylated) proteins in mononuclear cells from patients with type 2 diabetes identified by proteomic studies. Acta Diabetol 2017; 54:833-842. [PMID: 28608282 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-017-1013-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS In diabetes, hyperglycemia increases reactive oxygen species that induce DNA damage and poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase activation. The aim of this study is to characterize the proteomic profile and the role of poly(ADP-ribosylation) in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS A proteomic platform based on 2DE and MALDI-ToF spectrometry was applied to peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from two different cohorts in which diabetic (n = 14) and normoglycemic patients (n = 11) were enrolled. RESULTS Proteomic maps identified WD repeat protein, 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein precursor and myosin regulatory light chain 2, as unique proteins in diabetic patients; vimentin, elongation factor 2, annexin A1, glutathione S-transferase P, moesin and cofilin-1 as unique in the normoglycemic; and calreticulin, rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor 2, protein disulfide isomerase and tropomyosin alpha-4-chain as differentially expressed between the two cohorts. An enrichment in PARylation in diabetic patients was observed in particular, affecting GAPDH and α-Enolase leading to a decrease in their enzymatic activity. CONCLUSIONS As the GAPDH and α-Enolase are involved in energy metabolism, protein synthesis and DNA repair, loss of their function or change in their activity can significantly contribute to the molecular mechanisms responsible for the development of type 2 diabetes. These data along with the proteomic profile associated with the disease may provide new insight into the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Giorgi
- Departments of Biochemical Sciences and of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Italo Tempera
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Fels Institute for Cancer Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Giorgia Napoletani
- Departments of Biochemical Sciences and of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Drovandi
- Departments of Biochemical Sciences and of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Potestà
- Departments of Biochemical Sciences and of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Martire
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Elisabetta Mandosi
- Departments of Biochemical Sciences and of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Tiziana Filardi
- Departments of Biochemical Sciences and of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - M Eugenia Schininà
- Departments of Biochemical Sciences and of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Susanna Morano
- Departments of Biochemical Sciences and of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria d'Erme
- Departments of Biochemical Sciences and of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Roma, Rome, Italy.
| | - Bruno Maras
- Departments of Biochemical Sciences and of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Roma, Rome, Italy
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58
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Genipin attenuates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by counteracting oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 93:1083-1097. [PMID: 28738532 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (CP) is a potent and widely used chemotherapeutic agent. However, the clinical benefits of CP are compromised because it elicits nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. In this study, we investigated the nephroprotective effects of the phytochemical genipin (GP) isolated from the gardenia (Gardenia jasminoides) fruit, using a murine model of CP-induced nephropathy. GP pretreatment attenuated the CP-induced renal tissue injury by diminishing the serum blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and cystatin C levels, as well as those of kidney injury molecule-1. In addition, GP attenuated the CP-induced oxidative/nitrative stress by suppressing the activation of NADPH oxidase, augmenting the endogenous antioxidant defense system, and diminishing the accumulation of 4-hydroxynonenal and 3-nitrotyrosine in renal tissues. Furthermore, reduced levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 beta indicated that CP-induced renal inflammation was mitigated upon the treatment with GP. GP also attenuated the CP-induced activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases, excessive activities of caspase-3/7 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, DNA fragmentation, and apoptosis. When administered 12h after the onset of kidney injury, GP showed a therapeutic effect by ameliorating CP-induced nephrotoxicity. Moreover, GP synergistically enhanced the CP-induced cell death of T24 human bladder cancer cells. Collectively, our data indicate that GP attenuated the CP-induced renal tissue injury by abrogating oxidative/nitrative stress and inflammation and by blocking cell death pathways, thereby improving the renal function. Thus, our results suggest that the use of GP may be a promising new protective strategy against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Chacon-Cabrera A, Mateu-Jimenez M, Langohr K, Fermoselle C, García-Arumí E, Andreu AL, Yelamos J, Barreiro E. Role of PARP activity in lung cancer-induced cachexia: Effects on muscle oxidative stress, proteolysis, anabolic markers, and phenotype. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:3744-3761. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alba Chacon-Cabrera
- Pulmonology Department-Lung Cancer and Muscle Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Health and Experimental Sciences Department (CEXS); Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF); Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES); Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Barcelona Spain
| | - Mercè Mateu-Jimenez
- Pulmonology Department-Lung Cancer and Muscle Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Health and Experimental Sciences Department (CEXS); Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF); Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES); Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Barcelona Spain
| | - Klaus Langohr
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience Research Group, Neurosciences Research Program; Hospital del Mal Medical Research Institute (IMIM); Barcelona Spain
- Department of Statistics and Operations Research; Universitat Politècnica de Barcelona/Barcelonatech; Barcelona Spain
| | - Clara Fermoselle
- Pulmonology Department-Lung Cancer and Muscle Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Health and Experimental Sciences Department (CEXS); Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF); Barcelona Spain
| | - Elena García-Arumí
- Unitat de Patologia Neuromuscular i Mitocondrial, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR); Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII; Barcelona Spain
| | - Antoni L. Andreu
- Unitat de Patologia Neuromuscular i Mitocondrial, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR); Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII; Barcelona Spain
| | - Jose Yelamos
- Cancer Research Program-Immunology; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM)-Hospital del Mar; Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd); Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Barcelona Spain
| | - Esther Barreiro
- Pulmonology Department-Lung Cancer and Muscle Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Health and Experimental Sciences Department (CEXS); Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF); Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES); Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Barcelona Spain
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60
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Metabolism and chromatin dynamics in health and disease. Mol Aspects Med 2017; 54:1-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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61
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Berger NA, Besson VC, Boulares AH, Bürkle A, Chiarugi A, Clark RS, Curtin NJ, Cuzzocrea S, Dawson TM, Dawson VL, Haskó G, Liaudet L, Moroni F, Pacher P, Radermacher P, Salzman AL, Snyder SH, Soriano FG, Strosznajder RP, Sümegi B, Swanson RA, Szabo C. Opportunities for the repurposing of PARP inhibitors for the therapy of non-oncological diseases. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 175:192-222. [PMID: 28213892 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent clinical availability of the PARP inhibitor olaparib (Lynparza) opens the door for potential therapeutic repurposing for non-oncological indications. Considering (a) the preclinical efficacy data with PARP inhibitors in non-oncological diseases and (b) the risk-benefit ratio of treating patients with a compound that inhibits an enzyme that has physiological roles in the regulation of DNA repair, we have selected indications, where (a) the severity of the disease is high, (b) the available therapeutic options are limited, and (c) the duration of PARP inhibitor administration could be short, to provide first-line options for therapeutic repurposing. These indications are as follows: acute ischaemic stroke; traumatic brain injury; septic shock; acute pancreatitis; and severe asthma and severe acute lung injury. In addition, chronic, devastating diseases, where alternative therapeutic options cannot halt disease development (e.g. Parkinson's disease, progressive multiple sclerosis or severe fibrotic diseases), should also be considered. We present a preclinical and clinical action plan for the repurposing of PARP inhibitors. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Inventing New Therapies Without Reinventing the Wheel: The Power of Drug Repurposing. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.2/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan A Berger
- Center for Science, Health and Society, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Valerie C Besson
- EA4475 - Pharmacologie de la Circulation Cérébrale, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - A Hamid Boulares
- The Stanley Scott Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Alexander Bürkle
- Molecular Toxicology Group, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Constance, Germany
| | - Alberto Chiarugi
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, Headache Center - University Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Robert S Clark
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nicola J Curtin
- Newcastle University, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Medical School, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Ted M Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering and Department of Neurology and Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences and Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Valina L Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering and Department of Neurology and Department of Physiology and Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - György Haskó
- Department of Surgery and Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Lucas Liaudet
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine and Burn Center, University Hospital Medical Center, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Flavio Moroni
- Department of Neuroscience, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Pál Pacher
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, Section on Oxidative Stress Tissue Injury, NIAAA, NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - Peter Radermacher
- Institute of Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Solomon H Snyder
- Department of Neurology and Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Francisco Garcia Soriano
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Robert P Strosznajder
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Environmental Agents, Department of Neurosurgery, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Balázs Sümegi
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Raymond A Swanson
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco and San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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Mukhopadhyay P, Horváth B, Rajesh M, Varga ZV, Gariani K, Ryu D, Cao Z, Holovac E, Park O, Zhou Z, Xu MJ, Wang W, Godlewski G, Paloczi J, Nemeth BT, Persidsky Y, Liaudet L, Haskó G, Bai P, Boulares AH, Auwerx J, Gao B, Pacher P. PARP inhibition protects against alcoholic and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. J Hepatol 2017; 66:589-600. [PMID: 27984176 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2016.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic reprograming are crucial contributors to hepatic injury and subsequent liver fibrosis. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP) and their interactions with sirtuins play an important role in regulating intermediary metabolism in this process. However, there is little research into whether PARP inhibition affects alcoholic and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH/NASH). METHODS We investigated the effects of genetic deletion of PARP1 and pharmacological inhibition of PARP in models of early alcoholic steatohepatitis, as well as on Kupffer cell activation in vitro using biochemical assays, real-time PCR, and histological analyses. The effects of PARP inhibition were also evaluated in high fat or methionine and choline deficient diet-induced steatohepatitis models in mice. RESULTS PARP activity was increased in livers due to excessive alcohol intake, which was associated with decreased NAD+ content and SIRT1 activity. Pharmacological inhibition of PARP restored the hepatic NAD+ content, attenuated the decrease in SIRT1 activation and beneficially affected the metabolic-, inflammatory-, and oxidative stress-related alterations due to alcohol feeding in the liver. PARP1-/- animals were protected against alcoholic steatohepatitis and pharmacological inhibition of PARP or genetic deletion of PARP1 also attenuated Kupffer cell activation in vitro. Furthermore, PARP inhibition decreased hepatic triglyceride accumulation, metabolic dysregulation, or inflammation and/or fibrosis in models of NASH. CONCLUSION Our results suggests that PARP inhibition is a promising therapeutic strategy in steatohepatitis with high translational potential, considering the availability of PARP inhibitors for clinical treatment of cancer. LAY SUMMARY Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP) are the most abundant nuclear enzymes. The PARP inhibitor olaparib (Lynparza) is a recently FDA-approved therapy for cancer. This study shows that PARP is overactivated in livers of subjects with alcoholic liver disease and that pharmacological inhibition of this enzyme with 3 different PARP inhibitors, including olaparib, attenuates high fat or alcohol induced liver injury, abnormal metabolic alteration, fat accumulation, inflammation and/or fibrosis in preclinical models of liver disease. These results suggest that PARP inhibition is a promising therapeutic strategy in the treatment of alcoholic and non-alcoholic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Partha Mukhopadhyay
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institutes of Health/NIAAA, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA.
| | - Béla Horváth
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institutes of Health/NIAAA, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Mohanraj Rajesh
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institutes of Health/NIAAA, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Zoltán V Varga
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institutes of Health/NIAAA, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Karim Gariani
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dongryeol Ryu
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Zongxian Cao
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institutes of Health/NIAAA, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Eileen Holovac
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institutes of Health/NIAAA, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Ogyi Park
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Ming-Jiang Xu
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Grzegorz Godlewski
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Janos Paloczi
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institutes of Health/NIAAA, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Balazs Tamas Nemeth
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institutes of Health/NIAAA, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Yuri Persidsky
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Lucas Liaudet
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, BH 08-621-University Hospital Medical Center, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - György Haskó
- Department of Surgery and Center for Immunity & Inflammation of Surgery Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Peter Bai
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032, Hungary; MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
| | - A Hamid Boulares
- The Stanley Scott Cancer Center and Department of Pharmacology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bin Gao
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Pal Pacher
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institutes of Health/NIAAA, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA.
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Jokinen R, Pirnes-Karhu S, Pietiläinen KH, Pirinen E. Adipose tissue NAD +-homeostasis, sirtuins and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases -important players in mitochondrial metabolism and metabolic health. Redox Biol 2017; 12:246-263. [PMID: 28279944 PMCID: PMC5343002 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity, a chronic state of energy overload, is characterized by adipose tissue dysfunction that is considered to be the major driver for obesity associated metabolic complications. The reasons for adipose tissue dysfunction are incompletely understood, but one potential contributing factor is adipose tissue mitochondrial dysfunction. Derangements of adipose tissue mitochondrial biogenesis and pathways associate with obesity and metabolic diseases. Mitochondria are central organelles in energy metabolism through their role in energy derivation through catabolic oxidative reactions. The mitochondrial processes are dependent on the proper NAD+/NADH redox balance and NAD+ is essential for reactions catalyzed by the key regulators of mitochondrial metabolism, sirtuins (SIRTs) and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs). Notably, obesity is associated with disturbed adipose tissue NAD+ homeostasis and the balance of SIRT and PARP activities. In this review we aim to summarize existing literature on the maintenance of intracellular NAD+ pools and the function of SIRTs and PARPs in adipose tissue during normal and obese conditions, with the purpose of comprehending their potential role in mitochondrial derangements and obesity associated metabolic complications. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that are the root cause of the adipose tissue mitochondrial derangements is crucial for developing new effective strategies to reverse obesity associated metabolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riikka Jokinen
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Biomedicum Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sini Pirnes-Karhu
- Molecular Neurology, Research Programs Unit, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kirsi H Pietiläinen
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Biomedicum Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Endocrinology, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; FIMM, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eija Pirinen
- Molecular Neurology, Research Programs Unit, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Vida A, Márton J, Mikó E, Bai P. Metabolic roles of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 63:135-143. [PMID: 28013023 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) is an evolutionarily conserved reaction that had been associated with numerous cellular processes such as DNA repair, protein turnover, inflammatory regulation, aging or metabolic regulation. The metabolic regulatory tasks of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) are complex, it is based on the regulation of metabolic transcription factors (e.g. SIRT1, nuclear receptors, SREBPs) and certain cellular energy sensors. PARP over-activation can cause damage to mitochondrial terminal oxidation, while the inhibition of PARP-1 or PARP-2 can induce mitochondrial oxidation by enhancing the mitotropic tone of gene transcription and signal transduction. These PARP-mediated processes impact on higher order metabolic regulation that modulates lipid metabolism, circadian oscillations and insulin secretion and signaling. PARP-1, PARP-2 and PARP-7 are related to metabolic diseases such as diabetes, alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD, NAFLD), or on a broader perspective to Warburg metabolism in cancer or the metabolic diseases accompanying aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Vida
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032, Hungary; MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - Judit Márton
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Edit Mikó
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032, Hungary; MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - Péter Bai
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032, Hungary; MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary; Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
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65
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Narne P, Pandey V, Simhadri PK, Phanithi PB. Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1 hyperactivation in neurodegenerative diseases: The death knell tolls for neurons. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 63:154-166. [PMID: 27867042 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegeneration is a salient feature of chronic refractory brain disorders like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, amyotropic lateral sclerosis and acute conditions like cerebral ischemia/reperfusion etc. The pathological protein aggregates, mitochondrial mutations or ischemic insults typifying these disease conditions collude with and intensify existing oxidative stress and attendant mitochondrial dysfunction. Interlocking these mechanisms is poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP-1) hyperactivation that invokes a distinct form of neuronal cell death viz., 'parthanatos'. PARP-1, a typical 'moonlighting protein' by virtue of its ability to poly(ADP-ribosyl)ate a plethora of cellular proteins exerts diverse functions that impinge significantly on cellular processes. In addition, its interactions with various nuclear proteins like transcription factors and chromatin modifiers elicit varied transcriptional outcomes that wield pathological cellular responses. Further, emerging leitmotifs like mitochondrial and nucleolar PARPs and the novel aspects of gene expression regulation by PARP-1 and poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation can provide a holistic view of PARP-1's influence on cell vitality. In this review, we discuss the pathological underpinnings of PARP-1, with a special emphasis on mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death subroutines, in the realm of neurodegeneration. This would provide a deeper insight into the functions of PARP-1 in neurodegenerative conditions that would enable the development of more effective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parimala Narne
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Vimal Pandey
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Praveen Kumar Simhadri
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Prakash Babu Phanithi
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India.
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Brunyanszki A, Szczesny B, Virág L, Szabo C. Mitochondrial poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase: The Wizard of Oz at work. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 100:257-270. [PMID: 26964508 PMCID: PMC5016203 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Among multiple members of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) family, PARP1 accounts for the majority of PARP activity in mammalian cells. Although PARP1 is predominantly localized to the nucleus, and its nuclear regulatory roles are most commonly studied and are the best characterized, several lines of data demonstrate that PARP1 is also present in the mitochondria, and suggest that mitochondrial PARP (mtPARP) plays an important role in the regulation of various cellular functions in health and disease. The goal of the current article is to review the experimental evidence for the mitochondrial localization of PARP1 and its intra-mitochondrial functions, with focus on cellular bioenergetics, mitochondrial DNA repair and mitochondrial dysfunction. In addition, we also propose a working model for the interaction of mitochondrial and nuclear PARP during oxidant-induced cell death. MtPARP is similar to the Wizard of Oz in the sense that it is enigmatic, it has been elusive for a long time and it remains difficult to be interrogated. mtPARP - at least in some cell types - works incessantly "behind the curtains" as an orchestrator of many important cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Brunyanszki
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Bartosz Szczesny
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; Shriners Hospital for Children, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - László Virág
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; Shriners Hospital for Children, Galveston, TX, USA.
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Stram AR, Payne RM. Post-translational modifications in mitochondria: protein signaling in the powerhouse. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:4063-73. [PMID: 27233499 PMCID: PMC5045789 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2280-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
There is an intimate interplay between cellular metabolism and the pathophysiology of disease. Mitochondria are essential to maintaining and regulating metabolic function of cells and organs. Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in diverse diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes and metabolic syndrome, neurodegeneration, cancer, and aging. Multiple reversible post-translational protein modifications are located in the mitochondria that are responsive to nutrient availability and redox conditions, and which can act in protein-protein interactions to modify diverse mitochondrial functions. Included in this are physiologic redox signaling via reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, phosphorylation, O-GlcNAcylation, acetylation, and succinylation, among others. With the advent of mass proteomic screening techniques, there has been a vast increase in the array of known mitochondrial post-translational modifications and their protein targets. The functional significance of these processes in disease etiology, and the pathologic response to their disruption, are still under investigation. However, many of these reversible modifications act as regulatory mechanisms in mitochondria and show promise for mitochondrial-targeted therapeutic strategies. This review addresses the current knowledge of post-translational processing and signaling mechanisms in mitochondria, and their implications in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda R Stram
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1044 W. Walnut St., Room R4-302b, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - R Mark Payne
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1044 W. Walnut St., Room R4-302b, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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Rom S, Zuluaga-Ramirez V, Reichenbach NL, Dykstra H, Gajghate S, Pacher P, Persidsky Y. PARP inhibition in leukocytes diminishes inflammation via effects on integrins/cytoskeleton and protects the blood-brain barrier. J Neuroinflammation 2016; 13:254. [PMID: 27677851 PMCID: PMC5039899 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-016-0729-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction/disruption followed by leukocyte infiltration into the brain causes neuroinflammation and contributes to morbidity in multiple sclerosis, encephalitis, traumatic brain injury, and stroke. The identification of pathways that decreases the inflammatory potential of leukocytes would prevent such injury. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP) controls various genes via its interaction with myriad transcription factors. Selective PARP inhibitors have appeared lately as potent anti-inflammatory tools. Their effects are outside the recognized PARP functions in DNA repair and transcriptional regulation. In this study, we explored the idea that selective inhibition of PARP in leukocytes would diminish their engagement of the brain endothelium. Methods Cerebral vascular changes and leukocyte-endothelium interactions were surveyed by intravital videomicroscopy utilizing a novel in vivo model of localized aseptic meningitis when TNFα was introduced intracerebrally in wild-type (PARP+/+) and PARP-deficient (PARP−/−) mice. The effects of selective PARP inhibition on primary human monocytes ability to adhere to or migrate across the BBB were also tested in vitro, employing primary human brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVEC) as an in vitro model of the BBB. Results PARP suppression in monocytes diminished their adhesion to and migration across BBB in vitro models and prevented barrier injury. In monocytes, PARP inactivation decreased conformational activation of integrins that plays a key role in their tissue infiltration. Such changes were mediated by suppression of activation of small Rho GTPases and cytoskeletal rearrangements in monocytes. In vitro observations were confirmed in vivo showing diminished leukocyte-endothelial interaction after selective PARP suppression in leukocytes accompanied by BBB protection. PARP knockout animals demonstrated a substantial diminution of inflammatory responses in brain microvasculature and a decrease in BBB permeability. Conclusions These results suggest PARP inhibition in leukocytes as a novel approach to BBB protection in the setting of endothelial dysfunction caused by inflammation-induced leukocyte engagement. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12974-016-0729-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slava Rom
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA. .,Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
| | - Viviana Zuluaga-Ramirez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Nancy L Reichenbach
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Holly Dykstra
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Sachin Gajghate
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Pal Pacher
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institutes of Health/NIAAA, Bethesda, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Yuri Persidsky
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA. .,Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
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Schuhwerk H, Atteya R, Siniuk K, Wang ZQ. PARPing for balance in the homeostasis of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 63:81-91. [PMID: 27664469 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite more than 50 years of research, the vast majority of the biology of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) still remains a gross mystery. Originally described to be a part of the DNA repair machinery, poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) is synthesized immediately by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs, also known as ARTDs) upon DNA damage and then rapidly removed by degrading enzymes. PAR provides a delicate and spatiotemporal interaction scaffold for numerous target proteins. Thus, the multifaceted PARylation system, consisting of PAR itself and its synthesizers and erasers, plays diverse roles in the DNA damage response (DDR), in DNA repair, transcription, replication, chromatin remodelling, metabolism and cell death. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the biology of PARylation, focusing on the functionality and the activities of the PARPs' founding member PARP1/ARTD1, which is modulated by a variety of posttranslational modifications. We also discuss the homeostasis of PAR - a process which is maintained by the balance of PAR synthesizers and erasers. We aim to sensitize the scientific community to the complexity of PAR homeostasis. Finally, we provide some perspective on how future research could try to disentangle the biology of PARylation - perhaps the most sophisticated, but still intricate posttranslational modification described to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Schuhwerk
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz-Lipmann Institute (FLI), Beutenbergstr. 11, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Reham Atteya
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz-Lipmann Institute (FLI), Beutenbergstr. 11, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Kanstantsin Siniuk
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz-Lipmann Institute (FLI), Beutenbergstr. 11, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Zhao-Qi Wang
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz-Lipmann Institute (FLI), Beutenbergstr. 11, 07745 Jena, Germany; Faculty of Biology and Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Fürstengraben 1, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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Jubin T, Kadam A, Jariwala M, Bhatt S, Sutariya S, Gani AR, Gautam S, Begum R. The PARP family: insights into functional aspects of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 in cell growth and survival. Cell Prolif 2016; 49:421-37. [PMID: 27329285 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PARP family members can be found spread across all domains and continue to be essential molecules from lower to higher eukaryotes. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1), newly termed ADP-ribosyltransferase D-type 1 (ARTD1), is a ubiquitously expressed ADP-ribosyltransferase (ART) enzyme involved in key cellular processes such as DNA repair and cell death. This review assesses current developments in PARP-1 biology and activation signals for PARP-1, other than conventional DNA damage activation. Moreover, many essential functions of PARP-1 still remain elusive. PARP-1 is found to be involved in a myriad of cellular events via conservation of genomic integrity, chromatin dynamics and transcriptional regulation. This article briefly focuses on its other equally important overlooked functions during growth, metabolic regulation, spermatogenesis, embryogenesis, epigenetics and differentiation. Understanding the role of PARP-1, its multidimensional regulatory mechanisms in the cell and its dysregulation resulting in diseased states, will help in harnessing its true therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Jubin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - A Kadam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - M Jariwala
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - S Bhatt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - S Sutariya
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - A R Gani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - S Gautam
- Food Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - R Begum
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
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AMP-Activated Kinase (AMPK) Activation by AICAR in Human White Adipocytes Derived from Pericardial White Adipose Tissue Stem Cells Induces a Partial Beige-Like Phenotype. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157644. [PMID: 27322180 PMCID: PMC4913939 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Beige adipocytes are special cells situated in the white adipose tissue. Beige adipocytes, lacking thermogenic cues, morphologically look quite similar to regular white adipocytes, but with a markedly different response to adrenalin. White adipocytes respond to adrenergic stimuli by enhancing lipolysis, while in beige adipocytes adrenalin induces mitochondrial biogenesis too. A key step in the differentiation and function of beige adipocytes is the deacetylation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARγ) by SIRT1 and the consequent mitochondrial biogenesis. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an upstream activator of SIRT1, therefore we set out to investigate the role of AMPK in beige adipocyte differentiation using human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSCs) from pericardial adipose tissue. hADMSCs were differentiated to white and beige adipocytes and the differentiation medium of the white adipocytes was supplemented with 100 μM [(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(4-Carbamoyl-5-aminoimidazol-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methyl dihydrogen phosphate (AICAR), a known activator of AMPK. The activation of AMPK with AICAR led to the appearance of beige-like morphological properties in differentiated white adipocytes. Namely, smaller lipid droplets appeared in AICAR-treated white adipocytes in a similar fashion as in beige cells. Moreover, in AICAR-treated white adipocytes the mitochondrial network was more fused than in white adipocytes; a fused mitochondrial system was characteristic to beige adipocytes. Despite the morphological similarities between AICAR-treated white adipocytes and beige cells, functionally AICAR-treated white adipocytes were similar to white adipocytes. We were unable to detect increases in basal or cAMP-induced oxygen consumption rate (a marker of mitochondrial biogenesis) when comparing control and AICAR-treated white adipocytes. Similarly, markers of beige adipocytes such as TBX1, UCP1, CIDEA, PRDM16 and TMEM26 remained the same when comparing control and AICAR-treated white adipocytes. Our data point out that in human pericardial hADMSCs the role of AMPK activation in controlling beige differentiation is restricted to morphological features, but not to actual metabolic changes.
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Wang S, Shi XL, Feng M, Wang X, Zhang ZH, Zhao X, Han B, Ma HC, Dai B, Ding YT. Puerarin protects against CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in mice: possible role of PARP-1 inhibition. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 38:238-45. [PMID: 27318789 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis, which is the pathophysiologic process of the liver due to sustained wound healing in response to chronic liver injury, will eventually progress to cirrhosis. Puerarin, a bioactive isoflavone glucoside derived from the traditional Chinese medicine pueraria, has been reported to have many anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrosis properties. However, the detailed mechanisms are not well studied yet. This study aimed to investigate the effects of puerarin on liver function and fibrosis process in mice induced by CCl4. C57BL/6J mice were intraperitoneally injected with 10% CCl4 in olive oil(2mL/kg) with or without puerarin co-administration (100 and 200mg/kg intraperitoneally once daily) for four consecutive weeks. As indicated by the ameliorative serum hepatic enzymes and the reduced histopathologic abnormalities, the data collected showed that puerarin can protect against CCl4-induced chronic liver injury. Moreover, CCl4-induced development of fibrosis, as evidenced by increasing expression of alpha smooth muscle actin(α-SMA), collagen-1, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and connective tissue growth factor(CTGF) in liver, were suppressed by puerarin. Possible mechanisms related to these suppressive effects were realized by inhibition on NF-κB signaling pathway, reactive oxygen species(ROS) production and mitochondrial dysfunction in vivo. In addition, these protective inhibition mentioned above were driven by down-regulation of PARP-1 due to puerarin because puerarin can attenuate the PARP-1 expression in CCl4-damaged liver and PJ34, a kind of PARP-1 inhibitor, mimicked puerarin's protection. In conclusion, puerarin played a protective role in CCl4-induced liver fibrosis probably through inhibition of PARP-1 and subsequent attenuation of NF-κB, ROS production and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Feng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Xun Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi-Heng Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China; Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210008, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Hu-Cheng Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Dai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi-Tao Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
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Bock FJ, Chang P. New directions in poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase biology. FEBS J 2016; 283:4017-4031. [PMID: 27087568 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) regulate the function of target proteins by modifying them with ADP-ribose, a large and unique post-translational modification. Humans express 17 PARPs; however, historically, much of the focus has been on PARP1 and its function in DNA damage repair. Recent work has uncovered an amazing diversity of function for these enzymes including the regulation of fundamental physiological processes in the cell and at the organismal level, as well as new roles in regulating cellular stress responses. In this review, we discuss recent advancements in our understanding of this important protein family, and technological developments that have been critical for moving the field forward. Finally, we discuss new directions that we feel are important areas of further scientific exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian J Bock
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, UK.,Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, UK
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Zhang DX, Zhang JP, Hu JY, Huang YS. The potential regulatory roles of NAD(+) and its metabolism in autophagy. Metabolism 2016; 65:454-62. [PMID: 26975537 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2015.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
(Macro)autophagy mediates the bulk degradation of defective organelles, long-lived proteins and protein aggregates in lysosomes and plays a critical role in cellular and tissue homeostasis. Defective autophagy processes have been found to contribute to a variety of metabolic diseases. However, the regulatory mechanisms of autophagy are not fully understood. Increasing data indicate that nicotinamide adenine nucleotide (NAD(+)) homeostasis correlates intimately with autophagy. NAD(+) is a ubiquitous coenzyme that functions primarily as an electron carrier of oxidoreductase in multiple redox reactions. Both NAD(+) homeostasis and its metabolism are thought to play critical roles in regulating autophagy. In this review, we discuss how the regulation of NAD(+) and its metabolism can influence autophagy. We focus on the regulation of NAD(+)/NADH homeostasis and the effects of NAD(+) consumption by poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), NAD(+)-dependent deacetylation by sirtuins and NAD(+) metabolites on autophagy processes and the underlying mechanisms. Future studies should provide more direct evidence for the regulation of autophagy processes by NAD(+). A better understanding of the critical roles of NAD(+) and its metabolites on autophagy will shed light on the complexity of autophagy regulation, which is essential for the discovery of new therapeutic tools for autophagy-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Xia Zhang
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing, PR China, 400038
| | - Jia-Ping Zhang
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing, PR China, 400038
| | - Jiong-Yu Hu
- Endocrinology Department, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China, 400038
| | - Yue-Sheng Huang
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing, PR China, 400038.
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Fodor T, Szántó M, Abdul-Rahman O, Nagy L, Dér Á, Kiss B, Bai P. Combined Treatment of MCF-7 Cells with AICAR and Methotrexate, Arrests Cell Cycle and Reverses Warburg Metabolism through AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) and FOXO1. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150232. [PMID: 26919657 PMCID: PMC4769015 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells are characterized by metabolic alterations, namely, depressed mitochondrial oxidation, enhanced glycolysis and pentose phosphate shunt flux to support rapid cell growth, which is called the Warburg effect. In our study we assessed the metabolic consequences of a joint treatment of MCF-7 breast cancer cells with AICAR, an inducer of AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) jointly with methotrexate (MTX), a folate-analog antimetabolite that blunts de novo nucleotide synthesis. MCF7 cells, a model of breast cancer cells, were resistant to the individual application of AICAR or MTX, however combined treatment of AICAR and MTX reduced cell proliferation. Prolonged joint application of AICAR and MTX induced AMPK and consequently enhanced mitochondrial oxidation and reduced the rate of glycolysis. These metabolic changes suggest an anti-Warburg rearrangement of metabolism that led to the block of the G1/S and the G2/M transition slowing down cell cycle. The slowdown of cell proliferation was abolished when mitotropic transcription factors, PGC-1α, PGC-1β or FOXO1 were silenced. In human breast cancers higher expression of AMPKα and FOXO1 extended survival. AICAR and MTX exerts similar additive antiproliferative effect on other breast cancer cell lines, such as SKBR and 4T1 cells, too. Our data not only underline the importance of Warburg metabolism in breast cancer cells but nominate the AICAR+MTX combination as a potential cytostatic regime blunting Warburg metabolism. Furthermore, we suggest the targeting of AMPK and FOXO1 to combat breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Fodor
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - Magdolna Szántó
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
- MTA-DE Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - Omar Abdul-Rahman
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
- MTA-DE Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - Lilla Nagy
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
- MTA-DE Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - Ádám Dér
- Department of Oncology, Section of Radiation Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - Borbála Kiss
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - Peter Bai
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
- MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
- * E-mail:
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Bianchi AR, Ferreri C, Ruggiero S, Deplano S, Sunda V, Galloro G, Formisano C, Mennella MRF. Automodification of PARP and fatty acid-based membrane lipidome as a promising integrated biomarker panel in molecular medicine. Biomark Med 2016; 10:229-42. [PMID: 26860237 DOI: 10.2217/bmm.16.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Establishing by statistical analyses whether the analyses of auto-modified poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase and erythrocyte membrane fatty acid composition (Fat Profile(®)), separately or in tandem, help monitoring the physio-pathology of the cell, and correlate with diseases, if present. PATIENTS & METHODS Ninety five subjects were interviewed and analyzed blindly. Blood lymphocytes and erythrocytes were prepared to assay poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase automodification and fatty acid based membrane lipidome, respectively. RESULTS Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase automodification levels confirmed their correlation with DNA damage extent, and allowed monitoring disease activity, upon surgical/therapeutic treatment. Membrane lipidome profiles showed lipid unbalance mainly linked to inflammatory states. Statistically both tests were separately significant, and correlated each other within some pathologies. CONCLUSION In the laboratory routine, both tests, separately or in tandem, might be a preliminary and helpful step to investigate the occurrence of a given disease. Their combination represents a promising integrated panel for sensible, noninvasive and routine health monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rita Bianchi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Carla Ferreri
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Organic Synthesis & Photoreactivity (ISOF), 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Ruggiero
- Department of Clinical Medicine & Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80135 Naples, Italy
| | - Simone Deplano
- Lipinutragen srl, Lipidomic Laboratory, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Valentina Sunda
- Lipinutragen srl, Lipidomic Laboratory, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Galloro
- Department of Clinical Medicine & Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80135 Naples, Italy
| | - Cesare Formisano
- Department of Clinical Medicine & Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80135 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Faraone Mennella
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", 80126 Naples, Italy.,National Institute of Biostructures & Biosystems, 00136 Rome, Italy
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Chacon-Cabrera A, Fermoselle C, Salmela I, Yelamos J, Barreiro E. MicroRNA expression and protein acetylation pattern in respiratory and limb muscles of Parp-1−/− and Parp-2−/− mice with lung cancer cachexia. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2015; 1850:2530-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2015.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Feng FY, de Bono JS, Rubin MA, Knudsen KE. Chromatin to Clinic: The Molecular Rationale for PARP1 Inhibitor Function. Mol Cell 2015; 58:925-34. [PMID: 26091341 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2015.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) inhibitors were recently shown to have potential clinical impact in a number of disease settings, particularly as related to cancer therapy, treatment for cardiovascular dysfunction, and suppression of inflammation. The molecular basis for PARP1 inhibitor function is complex, and appears to depend on the dual roles of PARP1 in DNA damage repair and transcriptional regulation. Here, the mechanisms by which PARP-1 inhibitors elicit clinical response are discussed, and strategies for translating the preclinical elucidation of PARP-1 function into advances in disease management are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Y Feng
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Johann S de Bono
- Prostate Cancer Targeted Therapy Group, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5PT, UK
| | - Mark A Rubin
- Institute for Precision Medicine of Weill Cornell Medical College and NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College; Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College; Meyer Cancer Center of Weill Cornell Medical College and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Karen E Knudsen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; Department of Urology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
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Yélamos J, Galindo M, Navarro J, Albanell J, Rovira A, Rojo F, Oliver J. Enhancing tumor-targeting monoclonal antibodies therapy by PARP inhibitors. Oncoimmunology 2015; 5:e1065370. [PMID: 26942084 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2015.1065370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have become a successful therapeutic approach in cancer. However, some patients do not achieve long-term clinical benefit and most mAbs only exert modest effects as monotherapies. Therefore, combinations with chemotherapy are currently being investigated. Emerging studies have shown a synergistic therapeutic effect of PARP inhibitors and mAbs in cancer. PARP enzymes catalytically cleave β-NAD+ and transfer the ADP-ribose moiety to acceptor proteins, modifying their function. In here, we update recent data about the therapeutic effect of the combination of PARP inhibitors with mAbs in cancer treatment and discuss the molecular mechanisms involved in this synergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Yélamos
- Cancer Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Immunology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Galindo
- Cancer Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM) , Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judith Navarro
- Cancer Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM) , Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Albanell
- Cancer Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Oncology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Rovira
- Cancer Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Oncology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Federico Rojo
- Cancer Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Patology, IIS Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Oliver
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology; Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López Neyra , Granada, Spain
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Martire S, Mosca L, d'Erme M. PARP-1 involvement in neurodegeneration: A focus on Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Mech Ageing Dev 2015; 146-148:53-64. [PMID: 25881554 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
DNA damage is the prime activator of the enzyme poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase1 (PARP-1) whose overactivation has been proven to be associated with the pathogenesis of numerous central nervous system disorders, such as ischemia, neuroinflammation, and neurodegenerative diseases. Under oxidative stress conditions PARP-1 activity increases, leading to an accumulation of ADP-ribose polymers and NAD(+) depletion, that induces energy crisis and finally cell death. This review aims to explain the contribution of PARP-1 in neurodegenerative diseases, focusing on Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, to stimulate further studies on this issue and thereby engage a new perspective regarding the design of possible therapeutic agents or the identification of biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Martire
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Roma, Italy
| | - Luciana Mosca
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Roma, Italy
| | - Maria d'Erme
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Roma, Italy.
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