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Yip TF, Selim ASM, Lian I, Lee SMY. Advancements in Host-Based Interventions for Influenza Treatment. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1547. [PMID: 30042762 PMCID: PMC6048202 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza is a major acute respiratory infection that causes mortality and morbidity worldwide. Two classes of conventional antivirals, M2 ion channel blockers and neuraminidase inhibitors, are mainstays in managing influenza disease to lessen symptoms while minimizing hospitalization and death in patients with severe influenza. However, the development of viral resistance to both drug classes has become a major public health concern. Vaccines are prophylaxis mainstays but are limited in efficacy due to the difficulty in matching predicted dominant viral strains to circulating strains. As such, other potential interventions are being explored. Since viruses rely on host cellular functions to replicate, recent therapeutic developments focus on targeting host factors involved in virus replication. Besides controlling virus replication, potential targets for drug development include controlling virus-induced host immune responses such as the recently suggested involvement of innate lymphoid cells and NADPH oxidases in influenza virus pathogenesis and immune cell metabolism. In this review, we will discuss the advancements in novel host-based interventions for treating influenza disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsz-Fung Yip
- HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Aisha Sami Mohammed Selim
- HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ida Lian
- School of Life Sciences and Chemical Technology, Ngee Ann Polytechnic, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Suki Man-Yan Lee
- HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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52
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Chen Z, Zhang D, Li M, Wang B. Costunolide ameliorates lipoteichoic acid-induced acute lung injury via attenuating MAPK signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 61:283-289. [PMID: 29906743 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lipoteichoic acid (LTA)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) is an experimental model for mimicking Gram-positive bacteria-induced pneumonia that is a refractory disease with lack of effective medicines. Here, we reported that costunolide, a sesquiterpene lactone, ameliorated LTA-induced ALI. Costunolide treatment reduced LTA-induced neutrophil lung infiltration, cytokine and chemokine production (TNF-α, IL-6 and KC), and pulmonary edema. In response to LTA challenge, treatment with costunolide resulted less iNOS expression and produced less inflammatory cytokines in bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDMs). Pretreatment with costunolide also attenuated the LTA-induced the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and ERK in BMDMs. Furthermore, costunolide treatment reduced the phosphorylation of TAK1 and inhibited the interaction of TAK1 with Tab1. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that costunolide protects against LTA-induced ALI via inhibiting TAK1-mediated MAPK signaling pathway, and our studies suggest that costunolide is a promising agent for treatment of Gram-positive bacteria-mediated pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengxu Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Research Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Man Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Baolong Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China.
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Rees PA, Lowy RJ. Measuring type I interferon using reporter gene assays based on readily available cell lines. J Immunol Methods 2018; 461:63-72. [PMID: 29894744 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cell lines stably transfected with genes responding to Type I interferons (IFN) are potentially a useful alternative to enzyme linked immuo-assays (ELISAs) or assays based on resistance of a test cell line to virus infection using cell death or infection endpoints. Increasingly available are a variety of commercial cell lines developed for reporter gene assays (RGAs) which are responsive to IFN exposure. These cells produce a soluble gene product which can be readily quantified using multiwell plate spectrophotometers or luminometers. We have investigated RAW-Blue ISG™ and B16-Blue IFNα/β™ cells (InvivoGen) which produce secreted embryonic alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) as a RGA to measure Interferon alpha (IFNα) and beta (IFNβ). These cells showed a log-linear response over 4 logs of IFN concentration between 10 and 100,000 Units/ml (U/ml). Concentration dependent responses could be observed as early as 6 h but greater sensitivity was obtained at 24 h. Neutralizing antibodies to IFNα and IFNβ reduced the response to baseline. As proof of principle supernatants from RAW 264.7 (murine macrophage; parental cell line) infected with 1 multiplicity of infection (moi) of influenza A virus (X31/H3N2) were used as test samples. Pre-treatment of the supernatant with anti-IFNα failed to reduce the cell response but it was reduced to background by anti-IFNβ. The high level of IFNβ but very low level of IFNα was confirmed by ELISA. Availability, ease of use and maintenance, and possible cost savings make application of this reporter gene cell approach a valuable alternative to other methods for measuring Type I interferon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phyllis A Rees
- Scientific Research Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - R Joel Lowy
- Scientific Research Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States.
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54
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Garcia CC, Tavares LP, Dias ACF, Kehdy F, Alvarado-Arnez LE, Queiroz-Junior CM, Galvão I, Lima BH, Matos AR, Gonçalves APF, Soriani FM, Moraes MO, Marques JT, Siqueira MM, Machado AMV, Sousa LP, Russo RC, Teixeira MM. Phosphatidyl Inositol 3 Kinase-Gamma Balances Antiviral and Inflammatory Responses During Influenza A H1N1 Infection: From Murine Model to Genetic Association in Patients. Front Immunol 2018; 9:975. [PMID: 29867955 PMCID: PMC5962662 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) infection causes severe pulmonary disease characterized by intense leukocyte infiltration. Phosphoinositide-3 kinases (PI3Ks) are central signaling enzymes, involved in cell growth, survival, and migration. Class IB PI3K or phosphatidyl inositol 3 kinase-gamma (PI3Kγ), mainly expressed by leukocytes, is involved in cell migration during inflammation. Here, we investigated the contribution of PI3Kγ for the inflammatory and antiviral responses to IAV. PI3Kγ knockout (KO) mice were highly susceptible to lethality following infection with influenza A/WSN/33 H1N1. In the early time points of infection, infiltration of neutrophils was higher than WT mice whereas type-I and type-III IFN expression and p38 activation were reduced in PI3Kγ KO mice resulting in higher viral loads when compared with WT mice. Blockade of p38 in WT macrophages infected with IAV reduced levels of interferon-stimulated gene 15 protein to those induced in PI3Kγ KO macrophages, suggesting that p38 is downstream of antiviral responses mediated by PI3Kγ. PI3Kγ KO-derived fibroblasts or macrophages showed reduced type-I IFN transcription and altered pro-inflammatory cytokines suggesting a cell autonomous imbalance between inflammatory and antiviral responses. Seven days after IAV infection, there were reduced infiltration of natural killer cells and CD8+ T lymphocytes, increased concentration of inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar fluid, reduced numbers of resolving macrophages, and IL-10 levels in PI3Kγ KO. This imbalanced environment in PI3Kγ KO-infected mice culminated in enhanced lung neutrophil infiltration, reactive oxygen species release, and lung damage that together with the increased viral loads, contributed to higher mortality in PI3Kγ KO mice compared with WT mice. In humans, we tested the genetic association of disease severity in influenza A/H1N1pdm09-infected patients with three potentially functional PIK3CG single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs1129293, rs17847825, and rs2230460. We observed that SNPs rs17847825 and rs2230460 (A and T alleles, respectively) were significantly associated with protection from severe disease using the recessive model in patients infected with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09. Altogether, our results suggest that PI3Kγ is crucial in balancing antiviral and inflammatory responses to IAV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana C Garcia
- Laboratório de Vírus Respiratórios e do Sarampo, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Luciana P Tavares
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Laboratório de Imunologia e Mecânica Pulmonar, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina F Dias
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Kehdy
- Laboratório de Hanseníase, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lucia Elena Alvarado-Arnez
- Laboratório de Hanseníase, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Coordinación Nacional de Investigación, UNIFRANZ, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Celso M Queiroz-Junior
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Izabela Galvão
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Braulio H Lima
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Laboratório de Inflamação e Dor, Departamento de Farmacologia, Prédio Central, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Aline R Matos
- Laboratório de Vírus Respiratórios e do Sarampo, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula F Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Laboratório de Imunologia de Doenças Virais, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Frederico M Soriani
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Milton O Moraes
- Laboratório de Hanseníase, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - João T Marques
- Laboratório de RNA de Interferência, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marilda M Siqueira
- Laboratório de Vírus Respiratórios e do Sarampo, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alexandre M V Machado
- Laboratório de Imunologia de Doenças Virais, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lirlândia P Sousa
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Remo C Russo
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Laboratório de Imunologia e Mecânica Pulmonar, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mauro M Teixeira
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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55
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Shane HL, Reagin KL, Klonowski KD. The Respiratory Environment Diverts the Development of Antiviral Memory CD8 T Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 200:3752-3761. [PMID: 29669782 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Our understanding of memory CD8+ T cells has been largely derived from acute, systemic infection models. However, memory CD8+ T cells generated from mucosal infection exhibit unique properties and, following respiratory infection, are not maintained in the lung long term. To better understand how infection route modifies memory differentiation, we compared murine CD8+ T cell responses to a vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) challenge generated intranasally (i.n.) or i.v. The i.n. infection resulted in greater peak expansion of VSV-specific CD8+ T cells. However, this numerical advantage was rapidly lost during the contraction phase of the immune response, resulting in memory CD8+ T cell numerical deficiencies when compared with i.v. infection. Interestingly, the antiviral CD8+ T cells generated in response to i.n. VSV exhibited a biased and sustained proportion of early effector cells (CD127loKLRG1lo) akin to the developmental program favored after i.n. influenza infection, suggesting that respiratory infection broadly favors an incomplete memory differentiation program. Correspondingly, i.n. VSV infection resulted in lower CD122 expression and eomesodermin levels by VSV-specific CD8+ T cells, further indicative of an inferior transition to bona fide memory. These results may be due to distinct (CD103+CD11b+) dendritic cell subsets in the i.n. versus i.v. T cell priming environments, which express molecules that regulate T cell signaling and the balance between tolerance and immunity. Therefore, we propose that distinct immunization routes modulate both the quality and quantity of antiviral effector and memory CD8+ T cells in response to an identical pathogen and should be considered in CD8+ T cell-based vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillary L Shane
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-2607
| | - Katie L Reagin
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-2607
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56
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Fatehi Chenar F, Kyrychko YN, Blyuss KB. Mathematical model of immune response to hepatitis B. J Theor Biol 2018; 447:98-110. [PMID: 29574141 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2018.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A new detailed mathematical model for dynamics of immune response to hepatitis B is proposed, which takes into account contributions from innate and adaptive immune responses, as well as cytokines. Stability analysis of different steady states is performed to identify parameter regions where the model exhibits clearance of infection, maintenance of a chronic infection, or periodic oscillations. Effects of nucleoside analogues and interferon treatments are analysed, and the critical drug efficiency is determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Fatehi Chenar
- Department of Mathematics, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, UK
| | - Y N Kyrychko
- Department of Mathematics, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, UK
| | - K B Blyuss
- Department of Mathematics, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, UK.
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57
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Khalili N, Karimi A, Moradi MT, Shirzad H. In vitro immunomodulatory activity of celastrol against influenza A virus infection. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2018; 40:250-255. [DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2018.1440591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Khalili
- Student Research Committee, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Ali Karimi
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Taghi Moradi
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Hedayatollah Shirzad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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58
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Wei P, Zhang T, Dong H, Chen Q, Mu X, Hu G. Anti-inflammatory and antiviral activities of cynanversicoside A and cynanversicoside C isolated from Cynanchun paniculatum in influenza A virus-infected mice pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 36:18-25. [PMID: 29157813 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Outbreaks of the influenza A virus (IAV) often occur in various avian and mammalian species, including humans, causing serious respiratory injury worldwide. Therapeutic actions are limited to vaccines and a few antiviral drugs. Combination antiviral compounds and anti-inflammatory modulators to control the propagation of viruses would be more efficient therapeutic strategies for infectious diseases. PURPOSE This study was designed to isolate anti-inflammatory and antiviral compounds from Cynanchun paniculatum and elucidate their potential molecular mechanisms. METHODS/STUDY DESIGNS Bioactivity-guided isolation (via in vitro anti-inflammatory assay) was performed on the ethanolic extract of C. paniculatum, the structures of active compounds were elucidated by comparing spectral data (ESI-MS, 1H NMR and 13C NMR) with literature values. The antiviral activity of active compounds against Influenza A virus (IAV) was determined using the cytopathic effect (CPE) inhibition assay. Inhibitory effects of active compounds on influenza A/FM1/1/47 (H1N1) virus infection were also determined by RT-PCR. Effect of active compounds on NF-kB and MAPK signaling pathways after virus infection was determined by ELISA. RESULTS Two compounds that showed great anti-inflammatory activity were isolated from C. paniculatum and elucidated as cynanversicoside A and cynanversicoside C. Cytokine assay demonstrated that cynanversicoside A and cynanversicoside C can suppress the production of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in Mice Pulmonary Microvascular Endothelial Cells (MPMEC) after Influenza virus A/FM/1/47 infection (p < .05) and also decreased the expressions of p-p65 and p-IκBα in infected cells. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of p38, ERK and JNK was also significantly attenuated. Subsequently, cynanversicoside A and cynanversicoside C treatment resulted in decreased viral replication and viral mRNA synthesis. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that cynanversicoside A isolated from C. paniculatum has potent anti-inflammatory and antiviral effects on IAV-infected MPMEC by the regulation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panying Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine (TCVM), Animal Science and Technology college, Beijing Agricultural College, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine (TCVM), Animal Science and Technology college, Beijing Agricultural College, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine (TCVM), Animal Science and Technology college, Beijing Agricultural College, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaohong Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine (TCVM), Animal Science and Technology college, Beijing Agricultural College, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Mu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine (TCVM), Animal Science and Technology college, Beijing Agricultural College, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ge Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine (TCVM), Animal Science and Technology college, Beijing Agricultural College, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China.
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Murugan V, Parasuraman P, Selvin JFA, Gromiha MM, Fukui K, Veluraja K. Theoretical investigation on the binding specificity of fluorinated sialyldisaccharides Neu5Acα(2–3)Gal and Neu5Acα(2–6)Gal with influenza hemagglutinin H1 – A Molecular Dynamics Study. J Carbohydr Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2017.1365153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Veeramani Murugan
- Department of Physics, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Ponnusamy Parasuraman
- Department of Physical Sciences, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Erode, Tamilnadu, India
| | | | - Michael M. Gromiha
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Kazuhiko Fukui
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Molecular Profiling Research Center for Drug Discovery (molprof), 2-4-7 Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Guan W, Li J, Chen Q, Jiang Z, Zhang R, Wang X, Yang Z, Pan X. Pterodontic Acid Isolated from Laggera pterodonta Inhibits Viral Replication and Inflammation Induced by Influenza A Virus. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22101738. [PMID: 29035328 PMCID: PMC6151737 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Laggera pterodonta (DC.) Benth. is a traditional Chinese medicine. The previous study revealed that the crude extracts of this herb could inhibit influenza virus infection, but its anti-influenza components and underlying mechanism of action remain unknown. Column chromatography was performed to isolate components from the plant. Activity against influenza virus of the compound was determined by CPE inhibition assay. Neuraminidase (NA) inhibition was measured by chemiluminescence assay. The anti-virus and anti-inflammation effects were determined using dual-luciferase reporter assay, immunofluorescence, quantitative real-time PCR and luminex assay. Pterodontic acid was isolated from L. pterodonta, which showed selective anti-viral activities to H1 subtype of human influenza A virus. Meanwhile, the NA activity was not obviously inhibited by the compound. Further experiments exhibited that the compound can suppress the activation of NF-κB signal pathway and export of viral RNP complexes from the nucleus. In addition, it can significantly attenuate expression of the pro-inflammatory molecules IL-6, MIP-1β, MCP-1, and IP-10 induced by human influenza A virus (H1N1) and similarly downregulate expression of cytokines and chemokines induced by avian influenza A virus (H9N2). This study showed that in vitro antiviral activity of pterodontic acid is most probably associated with inhibiting the replication of influenza A virus by blocking nuclear export of viral RNP complexes, and attenuating the inflammatory response by inhibiting activation of the NF-κB pathway. Pterodontic acid might be a potential antiviral agent against influenza A virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenda Guan
- Tropical Medicine Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Qiaolian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Zhihong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau (SAR) 519020, China.
| | - Rongping Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Xinhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Zifeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau (SAR) 519020, China.
| | - Xiping Pan
- Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China.
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61
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Oral administration of Euglena gracilis Z and its carbohydrate storage substance provides survival protection against influenza virus infection in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 494:379-383. [PMID: 28974421 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.09.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Euglena gracilis Z is a micro-algae that is used as a food or nutritional supplement. Paramylon, the carbohydrate storage substance of Euglena gracilis Z has β-1, 3-glucan structure. Euglena gracilis Z and paramylon are reported to affect the immune system. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of Euglena gracilis Z and paramylon against influenza virus infection in mice. Euglena gracilis Z and paramylon were administered to mice as a 2% dietary mixture ad libitum. At 2 weeks after initiation of dietary administration, mice were infected intranasally with influenza virus A/PR/8/34 (H1N1). Survival rate was monitored 10 days after infection. In addition, we performed virus titer and cytokine profiles in the lung. High survival rates were observed for Euglena gracilis Z and paramylon-treated groups compared to the control group. Significantly lower virus titer in the lung was observed in the Euglena gracilis Z and paramylon-treated groups compared to the control group from day 1 after infection. Higher amount of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12 (p70), IFN-γ, and IL-10 was observed in the paramylon groups compared to the control group. Our data therefore reveals a novel immunoregulatory role of the Euglena gracilis Z and paramylon which provides protection against influenza virus infection.
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van de Wakker SI, Fischer MJ, Oosting RS. New drug-strategies to tackle viral-host interactions for the treatment of influenza virus infections. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 809:178-190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Yamashita N, Yashiro M, Ogawa H, Namba H, Nosaka N, Fujii Y, Morishima T, Tsukahara H, Yamada M. Metabolic pathway catalyzed by Vanin-1 pantetheinase plays a suppressive role in influenza virus replication in human alveolar epithelial A549 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 489:466-471. [PMID: 28576495 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.05.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Our previous analysis of gene expression profiles in the peripheral blood from patients with influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 pneumonia revealed elevated transcription levels of the vanin-1 (vascular non-inflammatory molecule 1, VNN1) gene, which encodes an epithelial ectoenzyme with pantetheinase activity involved in recycling coenzyme A. Here, to elucidate the role of VNN1 in influenza A virus (IAV) H1N1 infection, we investigated the change of VNN1 expression in the context of IAV infection and the effects of its related substances, i.e., its direct substrate pantetheine and its two metabolites pantothenic acid and cysteamine on the replication of IAV in the human alveolar epithelial carcinoma cell line A549. The messenger RNA expression of VNN1 in A549 cells was significantly increased (by 4.9-fold) after IAV infection under an elevated concentration of pantetheine. Moreover, VNN1 mRNA levels were elevated by > 100-fold in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines, especially TNF-α and IL-1β. Pantetheine significantly reduced the IAV replication and IAV Matrix 1 (M1) mRNA levels when it was administered prior to and during infection. In addition, cysteamine treatment during IAV infection significantly reduced the viral replication and IAV M1 mRNA levels, whereas pantothenic acid did not. These findings suggest that the metabolic pathway catalyzed by VNN1 pantetheinase plays a suppressive role in IAV infection in the respiratory tract, especially in severe conditions under hypercytokinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuko Yamashita
- Department of Virology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Masato Yashiro
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hirohito Ogawa
- Department of Virology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hikaru Namba
- Department of Virology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nosaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yousuke Fujii
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Morishima
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Tsukahara
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masao Yamada
- Department of Virology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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Burke JM, Sullivan CS. DUSP11 - An RNA phosphatase that regulates host and viral non-coding RNAs in mammalian cells. RNA Biol 2017; 14:1457-1465. [PMID: 28296624 PMCID: PMC5785229 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2017.1306169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dual-specificity phosphatase 11 (DUSP11) is a conserved protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) in metazoans. The cellular substrates and physiologic activities of DUSP11 remain largely unknown. In nematodes, DUSP11 is required for normal development and RNA interference against endogenous RNAs (endo-RNAi) via molecular mechanisms that are not well understood. However, mammals lack analogous endo-RNAi pathways and consequently, a role for DUSP11 in mammalian RNA silencing was unanticipated. Recent work from our laboratory demonstrated that DUSP11 activity alters the silencing potential of noncanonical viral miRNAs in mammalian cells. Our studies further uncovered direct cellular substrates of DUSP11 and suggest that DUSP11 is part of regulatory pathway that controls the abundance of select triphosphorylated noncoding RNAs. Here, we highlight recent findings and present new data that advance understanding of mammalian DUSP11 during gene silencing and discuss the emerging biological activities of DUSP11 in mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Burke
- a The University of Texas at Austin , Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, Center for Infectious Disease and Department of Molecular Biosciences , Austin , TX , USA
| | - Christopher S Sullivan
- a The University of Texas at Austin , Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, Center for Infectious Disease and Department of Molecular Biosciences , Austin , TX , USA
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Zheng J, Shi Y, Xiong L, Zhang W, Li Y, Gibson PG, Simpson JL, Zhang C, Lu J, Sai J, Wang G, Wang F. The Expression of IL-6, TNF- α, and MCP-1 in Respiratory Viral Infection in Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. J Immunol Res 2017; 2017:8539294. [PMID: 28352642 PMCID: PMC5352889 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8539294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral infection is a common trigger for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of cytokines in AECOPD. Patients with AECOPD requiring hospitalization were recruited. Meanwhile healthy volunteers of similar age that accepted routine check-ups and showed no clinical symptoms of inflammatory diseases were also recruited. Induced sputum and serum were collected. Induced sputum of participants was processed and tested for thirteen viruses and bacteria. Forty cytokines were assayed in serum using the Quantibody Human Inflammation Array 3 (Ray Biotech, Inc.). The most common virus detected in virus positive AECOPD (VP) was influenza A (16%). No virus was found in controls. Circulating levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and MCP-1 were elevated in VP and coinfection subjects (p < 0.05), while the levels of 37 other cytokines showed no difference, compared with virus negative groups and controls (p > 0.05). Additionally, VP patients were less likely to have received influenza vaccination. VP patients had a systemic inflammation response involving IL-6, TNF-α, and MCP-1 which may be due to virus-induced activation of macrophages. There are important opportunities for further investigating AECOPD mechanisms and for the development of better strategies in the management and prevention of virus-related AECOPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingtong Zheng
- Departments of Pathogenic Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin university, Changchun, China
| | - Yue Shi
- Departments of Pathogenic Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin university, Changchun, China
| | - Lingxin Xiong
- Departments of Pathogenic Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin university, Changchun, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Weijie Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Jilin Provincial People's Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing Shunyi District Center, Beijing, China
| | - Peter G. Gibson
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Jodie L. Simpson
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, University of Newcastle, New Lambton, NSW, Australia
| | - Chao Zhang
- Departments of Pathogenic Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin university, Changchun, China
| | - Junying Lu
- Departments of Pathogenic Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin university, Changchun, China
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jingying Sai
- Departments of Pathogenic Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin university, Changchun, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- Departments of Pathogenic Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin university, Changchun, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Departments of Pathogenic Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin university, Changchun, China
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Ding Y, Zeng L, Li R, Chen Q, Zhou B, Chen Q, Cheng PL, Yutao W, Zheng J, Yang Z, Zhang F. The Chinese prescription lianhuaqingwen capsule exerts anti-influenza activity through the inhibition of viral propagation and impacts immune function. Altern Ther Health Med 2017; 17:130. [PMID: 28235408 PMCID: PMC5324200 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1585-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Lianhuaqingwen Capsule (LH-C) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula used to treat respiratory tract infectious diseases in Chinese. The aim of this study was to determine the antiviral activity of LH-C and its immunomodulatory effects on viral infection. Method The in vitro cytotoxicity and antiviral activity of LH-C was determined by MTT and Plaque reduction assays. Time course study under single-cycle virus growth conditions were used to determine which stage of viral replication was blocked. The effect of LH-C on the nuclear export of the viral nucleoprotein was examined using an indirect immunofluorescence assay. The regulation to different signaling transduction events and cytokine/chemokine expression of LH-C was evaluated using Western blotting and real-time RT-PCR. After virus inoculation, BALB/c mice were administered with LH-C of different concentrations for 5 days. Body-weight, viral titers and lung pathology of the mice were measured, the level of inflammatory cytokines were also examined using real-time RT-PCR. Results LH-C inhibited the proliferation of influenza viruses of various strain in vitro, with the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) ranging from 0.35 to 2 mg/mL. LH-C blocked the early stages (0–2 h) of virus infection, it also suppressed virus-induced NF-kB activation and alleviated virus-induced gene expression of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-a, IP-10, and MCP-1 in a dose-dependent manner. LH-C treatment efficiently impaired the nuclear export of the viral RNP. A decrease of the viral titers in the lungs of mice were observed in groups administered with LH-C. The level of inflammatory cytokines were also decreased in the early stages of infection. Conclusions LH-C, as a TCM prescription, exerts broad-spectrum effects on a series of influenza viruses, including the newly emerged H7N9, and particularly regulates the immune response of virus infection. Thus, LH-C might be a promising option for treating influenza virus infection. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-017-1585-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Babiker HAE, Saito T, Nakatsu Y, Takasuga S, Morita M, Sugimoto Y, Ueda J, Watanabe T. Molecular cloning, polymorphism, and functional activity of the bovine and water buffalo Mx2 gene promoter region. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:2109. [PMID: 28066698 PMCID: PMC5179478 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-3729-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Bovine Mx2 gene sequences were already reported, but further information about the gene properties is not yet available. The objective of the current study was to elucidate the structural properties of the bovine Mx2 gene mainly the promoter region and its possible functional role. If available, such information would help in assessing the functional properties of the gene, which was reported to confer antiviral action against recombinant VSV. Results Examinations on the bovine genomic BAC clone—confirmed to contain the Mx2 gene—revealed 883-bp sequences. A computer scan unequivocally identified a 788-bp promoter region containing a typical TATA box, three ISREs and other promoter-specific motifs. Comparative analysis of nine bovine genomic DNA samples showed 19 nucleotide substitutions suggesting the existence of five different genotypes in the promoter region. The water buffalo Mx2 promoter region was determined by using primers based on the bovine Mx2 promoter region disclosing 893-bp, with 56 substitutions, two insertions, 9 and 1 nt at two different sites. A functional analysis of the putative ISRE indicated that ISRE played a synergetic role in the activation of bovine Mx2 gene transcription. Conclusion Bovine and water buffalo Mx2 promoter region was identified disclosing, the conserved ISRE, located in the proximal end of the promoter region like other members of the antiviral family, suggesting functional activity under interferon stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A E Babiker
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589 Japan ; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khartoum University, P.O. Box 32, Shambat, Khartoum Sudan
| | - T Saito
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589 Japan
| | - Y Nakatsu
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589 Japan
| | - S Takasuga
- Shirakawa Institute of Animal Genetics, Livestock Technology Association, Shirakawa, Fukushima 961-8061 Japan
| | - M Morita
- Shirakawa Institute of Animal Genetics, Livestock Technology Association, Shirakawa, Fukushima 961-8061 Japan
| | - Y Sugimoto
- Shirakawa Institute of Animal Genetics, Livestock Technology Association, Shirakawa, Fukushima 961-8061 Japan
| | - J Ueda
- Institute of Dairy Science, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501 Japan
| | - T Watanabe
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589 Japan
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68
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Zhang H, Hu G, Liu Q, Zhang S. Cloning and expression study of a Toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2) gene from turbot, Scophthalmus maximus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 59:137-148. [PMID: 27713068 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) in mammals is a member of the ancient Toll-like family of receptors that predominantly recognizes conserved components of Gram-positive bacteria. In the present study, a tlr2 gene and its 5'-flanking sequence were cloned from turbot, Scophthalmus maximus, its responsive expressions to various immunostimulants were subsequently studied in vivo. The turbot (sm)tlr2 gene spans over 9.0 kb with a structure of 12 exon-11 intron and encodes 816 amino acids. The deduced protein shows the highest sequence identity (76.1%) to Japanese flounder Tlr2 and possesses a signal peptide sequence, a leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain composed of 19 LRR motifs, a transmembrane region and a Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain. Phylogenetic analysis grouped it with other neoteleostei Tlr2as. A number of transcription factor binding sites known to be important for the basal transcriptional activity of TLR3 and response of TLR2 to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) signalling in mammals were predicted in the 5'-flanking sequence of smtlr2. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) analysis demonstrated the constitutive expression of smtlr2 mRNA in all twelve examined tissues with higher levels in the lymphomyeloid-rich tissues and liver. Further, smtlr2 expression was up-regulated following stimulation with LPS, peptidoglycan (PGN) or polyinosinic: polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] in the gills, head kidney, spleen and muscle. Finally, for all three immunostimulants, a two-wave induced smtlr2 expression was observed in the head kidney and spleen in a 7-day time course and the strongest inducibility in the head kidney. These findings suggest a possible role of Smtlr2 in the immune responses to the infections of a broad range of pathogens that include Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and RNA virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Guobin Hu
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Qiuming Liu
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Shicui Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
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Mint3/Apba3 depletion ameliorates severe murine influenza pneumonia and macrophage cytokine production in response to the influenza virus. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37815. [PMID: 27883071 PMCID: PMC5121658 DOI: 10.1038/srep37815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza virus (IFV) infection is a common cause of severe pneumonia. Studies have suggested that excessive activation of the host immune system including macrophages is responsible for the severe pathologies mediated by IFV infection. Here, we focused on the X11 protein family member Mint3/Apba3, known to promote ATP production via glycolysis by activating hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) in macrophages, and examined its roles in lung pathogenesis and anti-viral defence upon IFV infection. Mint3-deficient mice exhibited improved influenza pneumonia with reduced inflammatory cytokines/chemokine levels and neutrophil infiltration in the IFV-infected lungs without alteration in viral burden, type-I interferon production, or acquired immunity. In macrophages, Mint3 depletion attenuated NF-κB signalling and the resultant cytokine/chemokine production in response to IFV infection by increasing IκBα and activating the cellular energy sensor AMPK, respectively. Thus, Mint3 might represent one of the likely therapeutic targets for the treatment of severe influenza pneumonia without affecting host anti-viral defence through suppressing macrophage cytokine/chemokine production.
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Bahadoran A, Lee SH, Wang SM, Manikam R, Rajarajeswaran J, Raju CS, Sekaran SD. Immune Responses to Influenza Virus and Its Correlation to Age and Inherited Factors. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1841. [PMID: 27920759 PMCID: PMC5118461 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza viruses belong to the family Orthomyxoviridae of enveloped viruses and are an important cause of respiratory infections worldwide. The influenza virus is able to infect a wide variety species as diverse as poultry, marine, pigs, horses, and humans. Upon infection with influenza virus the innate immunity plays a critical role in efficient and rapid control of viral infections as well as in adaptive immunity initiation. The humoral immune system produces antibodies against different influenza antigens, of which the HA-specific antibody is the most important for neutralization of the virus and thus prevention of illness. Cell mediated immunity including CD4+ helper T cells and CD8+ cytotoxic T cells are the other arms of adaptive immunity induced upon influenza virus infection. The complex inherited factors and age related changes are associated with the host immune responses. Here, we review the different components of immune responses against influenza virus. Additionally, the correlation of the immune response to age and inherited factors has been discussed. These determinations lead to a better understanding of the limitations of immune responses for developing improved vaccines to control influenza virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Bahadoran
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of MalayaKuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sau H. Lee
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of MalayaKuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Seok M. Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, MARA University of TechnologySelangor, Malaysia
| | - Rishya Manikam
- Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine, University Malaya Medical CentreKuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jayakumar Rajarajeswaran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of MalayaKuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chandramathi S. Raju
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of MalayaKuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shamala D. Sekaran
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of MalayaKuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Asama T, Uematsu T, Kobayashi N, Tatefuji T, Hashimoto K. Oral administration of heat-killed Lactobacillus kunkeei YB38 improves murine influenza pneumonia by enhancing IgA production. BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA FOOD AND HEALTH 2016; 36:1-9. [PMID: 28243545 PMCID: PMC5301051 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.16-010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Influenza is one of the important respiratory tract infections that require special attention for maintaining health and hygiene. The removal of influenza
virus (IFV) by secretory IgA produced by the respiratory epithelium has been reported to be a critical host defense mechanism. Therefore, we isolated
Lactobacillus kunkeei YB38 (YB38), the promoter of the salivary IgA secretion in humans, from honeybee pollen and studied the effect of
heat-killed YB38 treatment for preventing IFV infection in a mouse model. Female BALB/c mice received YB38 orally for 21 consecutive days and were then
inoculated nasally with IFV. The YB38-treated group with a daily dose of 100 mg/kg showed an increased survival rate after IFV infection relative to the
control. IgA secretion in the respiratory epithelium in the YB38-treated group (100 mg/kg) was significantly increased after 6 days of infection, while IL-6
production in the same respiratory site and the number of cells infiltrating into alveoli were significantly decreased. Moreover, lung tissue damage that
appeared after IFV infection was reduced. These results suggested that the YB38 dose induced early and local IgA secretion at the infection site, inhibited
persistent IFV infection, and prevented the infiltration of inflammatory immune cells or production of excessive IL-6, resulting in less damage to lung
tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Asama
- Institute for Bee Products and Health Science, Yamada Bee Company, Inc., 194 Ichiba, Kagamino-cho, Tomata-gun, Okayama 708-0393, Japan
| | - Takayuki Uematsu
- Biomedical Laboratory, Division of Biomedical Research, Kitasato University Medical Center, 6-100 Arai, Kitamoto, Saitama 364-8501, Japan
| | - Noritada Kobayashi
- Biomedical Laboratory, Division of Biomedical Research, Kitasato University Medical Center, 6-100 Arai, Kitamoto, Saitama 364-8501, Japan
| | - Tomoki Tatefuji
- Institute for Bee Products and Health Science, Yamada Bee Company, Inc., 194 Ichiba, Kagamino-cho, Tomata-gun, Okayama 708-0393, Japan
| | - Ken Hashimoto
- Institute for Bee Products and Health Science, Yamada Bee Company, Inc., 194 Ichiba, Kagamino-cho, Tomata-gun, Okayama 708-0393, Japan
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Tavares LP, Teixeira MM, Garcia CC. The inflammatory response triggered by Influenza virus: a two edged sword. Inflamm Res 2016; 66:283-302. [PMID: 27744631 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-016-0996-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) is a relevant respiratory tract pathogen leading to a great number of deaths and hospitalizations worldwide. Secondary bacterial infections are a very common cause of IAV associated morbidity and mortality. The robust inflammatory response that follows infection is important for the control of virus proliferation but is also associated with lung damage, morbidity and death. The role of the different components of immune response underlying protection or disease during IAV infection is not completely elucidated. Overall, in the context of IAV infection, inflammation is a 'double edge sword' necessary to control infection but causing disease. Therefore, a growing number of studies suggest that immunomodulatory strategies may improve disease outcome without affecting the ability of the host to deal with infection. This review summarizes recent aspects of the inflammatory responses triggered by IAV that are preferentially involved in causing severe pulmonary disease and the anti-inflammatory strategies that have been suggested to treat influenza induced immunopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana P Tavares
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, ICB Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mauro M Teixeira
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, ICB Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Cristiana C Garcia
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, ICB Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. .,Laboratório de Vírus Respiratórios e do Sarampo, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, 21040360, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Söderholm S, Fu Y, Gaelings L, Belanov S, Yetukuri L, Berlinkov M, Cheltsov AV, Anders S, Aittokallio T, Nyman TA, Matikainen S, Kainov DE. Multi-Omics Studies towards Novel Modulators of Influenza A Virus-Host Interaction. Viruses 2016; 8:v8100269. [PMID: 27690086 PMCID: PMC5086605 DOI: 10.3390/v8100269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human influenza A viruses (IAVs) cause global pandemics and epidemics. These viruses evolve rapidly, making current treatment options ineffective. To identify novel modulators of IAV–host interactions, we re-analyzed our recent transcriptomics, metabolomics, proteomics, phosphoproteomics, and genomics/virtual ligand screening data. We identified 713 potential modulators targeting 199 cellular and two viral proteins. Anti-influenza activity for 48 of them has been reported previously, whereas the antiviral efficacy of the 665 remains unknown. Studying anti-influenza efficacy and immuno/neuro-modulating properties of these compounds and their combinations as well as potential viral and host resistance to them may lead to the discovery of novel modulators of IAV–host interactions, which might be more effective than the currently available anti-influenza therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Söderholm
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland.
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki 00250, Finland.
| | - Yu Fu
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland.
| | - Lana Gaelings
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland.
| | - Sergey Belanov
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland.
| | - Laxman Yetukuri
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland.
| | - Mikhail Berlinkov
- Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg 620083, Russia.
| | - Anton V Cheltsov
- Q-Mol L.L.C. in Silico Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Simon Anders
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland.
| | - Tero Aittokallio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland.
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Turku, Turku 20014, Finland.
| | | | - Sampsa Matikainen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki 00250, Finland.
- Department of Rheumatology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00015, Finland.
| | - Denis E Kainov
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland.
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Charyasriwong S, Haruyama T, Kobayashi N. In vitro evaluation of the antiviral activity of methylglyoxal against influenza B virus infection. Drug Discov Ther 2016; 10:201-10. [PMID: 27558282 DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2016.01045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Influenza A and B virus infections are serious public health concerns globally. However, the concerns regarding influenza B infection have been underestimated. The currently used anti-influenza drugs have not provided equal efficacy for both influenza A and B viruses. Susceptibility to neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors has been observed to be lower for influenza B viruses than for influenza A viruses. Moreover, the emergence of resistance to anti-influenza drugs underscores the need to develop new drugs. Recently, we reported that methylglyoxal (MGO) suppressed influenza A virus replication in a strain-independent manner. Therefore, we hypothesize that MGO exhibits anti-influenza activity against B strains. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-influenza viral activity of MGO against influenza B strains by using Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. Several types of influenza B viruses were used to determine the activity of MGO. The susceptibilities of influenza A and B viruses to NA inhibitors were compared. MGO inhibited influenza B virus replication, with 50% inhibitory concentrations ranging from 23-140 μM, which indicated greater sensitivity of influenza B viruses than influenza A viruses. Our results show that MGO has potent inhibitory activity against influenza B viruses, including NA inhibitor-resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siriwan Charyasriwong
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Agents, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
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75
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Abstract
Influenza viruses circulate widely throughout the world and it is estimated that they affect between 5 and 15% of the population annually. Since 1977, four viruses co-circulate - two A Viruses (H1N1 and H3N2) and two B viruses (B Yamagata and B Victoria). Type A viruses generally cause up to two thirds of annual infections, although single country studies have shown that B infections may be the predominant virus in the one year in four. Influenza vaccines have traditionally included the hamagglutinins and neuraminidases from the two circulating A viruses and either B Yamagata or B Victoria - however, selecting the B strain for inclusion in these trivalent vaccines has variable success. The alternative approach is to include both B strains in a quadrivalent vaccine. Immunological studies of such vaccines show non-inferiority with a trivalent vaccine comparator, and significant superiority to the additional B strain. Quadrivalent vaccines are more expensive than trivalent preparations but theoretical evidence would suggest they are likely to be more effective and therefore play a much greater role in national immunisation programmes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Baxter
- a Stockport NHS Foundation Trust, Consultant in Health Protection, Manchester Medical School, University of Manchester , Manchester , UK
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76
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Impaired Expression of Cytokines as a Result of Viral Infections with an Emphasis on Small Ruminant Lentivirus Infection in Goats. Viruses 2016; 8:v8070186. [PMID: 27399757 PMCID: PMC4974521 DOI: 10.3390/v8070186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 06/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowing about the genes involved in immunity, and being able to identify the factors influencing their expressions, helps in gaining awareness of the immune processes. The qPCR method is a useful gene expression analysis tool, but studies on immune system genes are still limited, especially on the caprine immune system. Caprine arthritis encephalitis, a disease caused by small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV), causes economic losses in goat breeding, and there is no therapy against SRLV. The results of studies on vaccines against other viruses are promising. Moreover, the Marker-Assisted Selection strategy against SRLV is possible, as has been shown in sheep breeding. However, there are still many gaps in our knowledge on the caprine immune response to infection. All types of cytokines play pivotal roles in immunity, and SRLV infection influences the expression of many cytokines in different types of cells. This information encouraged the authors to examine the results of studies conducted on SRLV and other viral infections, with an emphasis on the expression of cytokine genes. This review attempts to summarize the results of studies on the expression of cytokines in the context of the SRLV infection.
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78
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Duan X, Lu J, Zhou K, Wang J, Wu J, Fu Gao G, Fang M. NK-cells are involved in thymic atrophy induced by influenza A virus infection. J Gen Virol 2016; 96:3223-3235. [PMID: 26346306 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
NK-cells have traditionally been viewed as innate effector lymphocytes that serve as a first line of defence against a range of viruses and tumours. More recently, the importance of NK-cell immunoregulatory functions has been highlighted. NK-cells can inhibit antiviral T-cell responses, and also play an important role in controlling harmful T-cell activity in autoimmunity and transplantation settings. Moreover, immunopathological effects of NK-cells during infection have been reported. Nevertheless, the phenotype and function of NK-cells in the thymus during influenza virus infection is not understood. In the present study, we demonstrated that influenza A virus (IAV) infection in mice led to severe thymic atrophy caused by increased thymic T-cell apoptosis and suppressed proliferation. We found that NK-cells played a critical role in this phenotype. IFN-c production by NK-cells was a contributing factor for thymic atrophy during IAV infection. Taken together, our data indicate that NK-cells are involved in the thymic atrophy associated with IAV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Duan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.,Center for Influenza Research and Early-warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jiao Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.,Center for Influenza Research and Early-warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Kai Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.,Center for Influenza Research and Early-warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.,Center for Influenza Research and Early-warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jihua Wu
- Department of Pathology, 306 Hospital of PLA, Beijing, PR China
| | - George Fu Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.,Center for Influenza Research and Early-warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Min Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.,Center for Influenza Research and Early-warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
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79
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Zarnitsyna VI, Handel A, McMaster SR, Hayward SL, Kohlmeier JE, Antia R. Mathematical Model Reveals the Role of Memory CD8 T Cell Populations in Recall Responses to Influenza. Front Immunol 2016; 7:165. [PMID: 27242779 PMCID: PMC4861172 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The current influenza vaccine provides narrow protection against the strains included in the vaccine, and needs to be reformulated every few years in response to the constantly evolving new strains. Novel approaches are directed toward developing vaccines that provide broader protection by targeting B and T cell epitopes that are conserved between different strains of the virus. In this paper, we focus on developing mathematical models to explore the CD8 T cell responses to influenza, how they can be boosted, and the conditions under which they contribute to protection. Our models suggest that the interplay between spatial heterogeneity (with the virus infecting the respiratory tract and the immune response being generated in the secondary lymphoid organs) and T cell differentiation (with proliferation occurring in the lymphoid organs giving rise to a subpopulation of resident T cells in the respiratory tract) is the key to understand the dynamics of protection afforded by the CD8 T cell response to influenza. Our results suggest that the time lag for the generation of resident T cells in the respiratory tract and their rate of decay following infection are the key factors that limit the efficacy of CD8 T cell responses. The models predict that an increase in the level of central memory T cells leads to a gradual decrease in the viral load, and, in contrast, there is a sharper protection threshold for the relationship between the size of the population of resident T cells and protection. The models also suggest that repeated natural influenza infections cause the number of central memory CD8 T cells and the peak number of resident memory CD8 T cells to reach their plateaus, and while the former is maintained, the latter decays with time since the most recent infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika I Zarnitsyna
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, GA , USA
| | - Andreas Handel
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia , Athens, GA , USA
| | - Sean R McMaster
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, GA , USA
| | - Sarah L Hayward
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, GA , USA
| | - Jacob E Kohlmeier
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, GA , USA
| | - Rustom Antia
- Department of Biology, Emory University , Atlanta, GA , USA
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Ashraf U, Lu Y, Lin L, Yuan J, Wang M, Liu X. Spring viraemia of carp virus: recent advances. J Gen Virol 2016; 97:1037-1051. [DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Usama Ashraf
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PRChina
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, PRChina
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PRChina
| | - Yuanan Lu
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Hawaii, Manoa, HI 96822, USA
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PRChina
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, PRChina
| | - Junfa Yuan
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PRChina
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, PRChina
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PRChina
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, PRChina
| | - Xueqin Liu
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, PRChina
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PRChina
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81
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Yue L, Xie Z, Li H, Pang Z, Junkins RD, Tremblay ML, Chen X, Lin TJ. Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase-1B Negatively Impacts Host Defense against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2016; 186:1234-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 12/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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82
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Chang TY, Chao TF, Liu CJ, Chen SJ, Chung FP, Liao JN, Tuan TC, Chen TJ, Chen SA. The association between influenza infection, vaccination, and atrial fibrillation: A nationwide case-control study. Heart Rhythm 2016; 13:1189-94. [PMID: 26850784 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2016.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Influenza infection could activate systemic inflammatory responses and increase the sympathetic tone that plays an important role in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF). OBJECTIVES The goal of the present study was to investigate whether influenza infection was a risk factor for AF. We also aimed to study whether influenza vaccination could decrease the risk of AF. METHODS From 2000 to 2010, a total of 11,374 patients with newly diagnosed AF were identified from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. On the same date of enrollment, 4 control patients (without AF) with matched age and sex were selected to be the control group for each study patient. The relationship between AF and influenza infection or vaccination 1 year before the enrollment was analyzed. RESULTS Compared with patients without influenza infection or vaccination (reference group; n = 38,353), patients with influenza infection without vaccination (n = 1369) were associated with a significantly higher risk of AF with an odds ratio of 1.182 (P = .032) after adjustment for baseline differences. The risk of AF was lower in patients receiving influenza vaccination without influenza infection (n = 16,452) with an odds ratio of 0.881 (P < .001). In patients who have received influenza vaccination and experienced influenza infection (n = 696), the risk of AF was similar to that in the reference group (odds ratio 1.136; P = .214). The lower risk of AF with vaccination was consistently observed in subgroup analyses. CONCLUSION Influenza infection was significantly associated with the development of AF, with an 18% increase in the risk, which could be reduced through influenza vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yung Chang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tze-Fan Chao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jen Liu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Public Health and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Su-Jung Chen
- Institute of Public Health and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Fa-Po Chung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Nan Liao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Chuan Tuan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Cardiology, Taipei Municipal Gan-Dau Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzeng-Ji Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ann Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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83
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Zhou K, Wang J, Li A, Zhao W, Wang D, Zhang W, Yan J, Gao GF, Liu W, Fang M. Swift and Strong NK Cell Responses Protect 129 Mice against High-Dose Influenza Virus Infection. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:1842-54. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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84
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Loss of CARD9-mediated innate activation attenuates severe influenza pneumonia without compromising host viral immunity. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17577. [PMID: 26627732 PMCID: PMC4667252 DOI: 10.1038/srep17577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza virus (IFV) infection is a common cause of severe viral pneumonia associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which is difficult to control with general immunosuppressive therapy including corticosteroids due to the unfavorable effect on viral replication. Studies have suggested that the excessive activation of the innate immunity by IFV is responsible for severe pathologies. In this study, we focused on CARD9, a signaling adaptor known to regulate innate immune activation through multiple innate sensor proteins, and investigated its role in anti-IFV defense and lung pathogenesis in a mouse model recapitulating severe influenza pneumonia with ARDS. We found that influenza pneumonia was dramatically attenuated in Card9-deficient mice, which showed improved mortality with reduced inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the infected lungs. However, viral clearance, type-I interferon production, and the development of anti-viral B and T cell immunity were not compromised by CARD9 deficiency. Syk or CARD9-deficient DCs but not macrophages showed impaired cytokine but not type-I interferon production in response to IFV in vitro, indicating a possible role for the Syk-CARD9 pathway in DCs in excessive inflammation of IFV-infected lungs. Therefore, inhibition of this pathway is an ideal therapeutic target for severe influenza pneumonia without affecting viral clearance.
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85
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Londrigan SL, Tate MD, Job ER, Moffat JM, Wakim LM, Gonelli CA, Purcell DFJ, Brooks AG, Villadangos JA, Reading PC, Mintern JD. Endogenous Murine BST-2/Tetherin Is Not a Major Restriction Factor of Influenza A Virus Infection. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142925. [PMID: 26566124 PMCID: PMC4643895 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BST-2 (tetherin, CD317, HM1.24) restricts virus growth by tethering enveloped viruses to the cell surface. The role of BST-2 during influenza A virus infection (IAV) is controversial. Here, we assessed the capacity of endogenous BST-2 to restrict IAV in primary murine cells. IAV infection increased BST-2 surface expression by primary macrophages, but not alveolar epithelial cells (AEC). BST-2-deficient AEC and macrophages displayed no difference in susceptibility to IAV infection relative to wild type cells. Furthermore, BST-2 played little role in infectious IAV release from either AEC or macrophages. To examine BST-2 during IAV infection in vivo, we infected BST-2-deficient mice. No difference in weight loss or in viral loads in the lungs and/or nasal tissues were detected between BST-2-deficient and wild type animals. This study rules out a major role for endogenous BST-2 in modulating IAV in the mouse model of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L. Londrigan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Michelle D. Tate
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, MIMR-PHI Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
- Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Emma R. Job
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Jessica M. Moffat
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Linda M. Wakim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Christopher A. Gonelli
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Damien F. J. Purcell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Andrew G. Brooks
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Jose A. Villadangos
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, 30 Flemington Rd, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Patrick C. Reading
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Justine D. Mintern
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, 30 Flemington Rd, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- * E-mail:
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86
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Coadministration of Hedera helix L. Extract Enabled Mice to Overcome Insufficient Protection against Influenza A/PR/8 Virus Infection under Suboptimal Treatment with Oseltamivir. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131089. [PMID: 26098681 PMCID: PMC4476699 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Several anti-influenza drugs that reduce disease manifestation exist, and although these drugs provide clinical benefits in infected patients, their efficacy is limited by the emergence of drug-resistant influenza viruses. In the current study, we assessed the therapeutic strategy of enhancing the antiviral efficacy of an existing neuraminidase inhibitor, oseltamivir, by coadministering with the leaf extract from Hedera helix L, commonly known as ivy. Ivy extract has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, and antihelminthic properties. In the present study, we investigated its potential antiviral properties against influenza A/PR/8 (PR8) virus in a mouse model with suboptimal oseltamivir that mimics a poor clinical response to antiviral drug treatment. Suboptimal oseltamivir resulted in insufficient protection against PR8 infection. Oral administration of ivy extract with suboptimal oseltamivir increased the antiviral activity of oseltamivir. Ivy extract and its compounds, particularly hedrasaponin F, significantly reduced the cytopathic effect in PR8-infected A549 cells in the presence of oseltamivir. Compared with oseltamivir treatment alone, coadministration of the fraction of ivy extract that contained the highest proportion of hedrasaponin F with oseltamivir decreased pulmonary inflammation in PR8-infected mice. Inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2, were reduced by treatment with oseltamivir and the fraction of ivy extract. Analysis of inflammatory cell infiltration in the bronchial alveolar of PR8-infected mice revealed that CD11b+Ly6G+ and CD11b+Ly6Cint cells were recruited after virus infection; coadministration of the ivy extract fraction with oseltamivir reduced infiltration of these inflammatory cells. In a model of suboptimal oseltamivir treatment, coadministration of ivy extract fraction that includes hedrasaponin F increased protection against PR8 infection that could be explained by its antiviral and anti-inflammatory activities.
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87
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Jang HJ, Lee HJ, Kang KS, Song KD, Kim TH, Song CS, Park MN. Molecular responses to the influenza A virus in chicken trachea-derived cells. Poult Sci 2015; 94:1190-201. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pev033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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88
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Zhu Y, Wei Y, Chen J, Cui G, Ding Y, Kohanawa M, Xu X, Diao H. Osteopontin Exacerbates Pulmonary Damage in Influenza-Induced Lung Injury. Jpn J Infect Dis 2015; 68:467-73. [PMID: 25866117 DOI: 10.7883/yoken.jjid.2014.467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The level of osteopontin (OPN) increases during bacterial lung infection. However, the OPN level in virus-induced lung injury is unclear, and the relationship between the hyer-production of OPN and lung injury remains to be thoroughly understood. Therefore, we sought to determine whether a relationship exists between OPN and pulmonary damage. Particularly, pulmonary edema and the destruction of pulmonary tissue. In this study, we found that the OPN level was significantly elevated in patients with pulmonary damage, and there was a positive correlation between the OPN serum level and disease severity in influenza lung injury. The epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) is the main mechanism of clearance of pulmonary edema fluid, and matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP7) can degrade the extracellular matrix. In lung epithelial cells, OPN markedly decreased the mRNA expression of the α-subunit of ENaC through integrin β3 and CD44 (OPN receptors); however, the expression of MMP7 was promoted by OPN interaction with integrin β1 and CD44. In addition, OPN increased the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6. These findings suggested that OPN might increase influenza virus-induced lung injury by augmenting lung epithelial cell apoptosis and impairing ENaC and extracellular matrix destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University
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Su S, Tian J, Hong M, Zhou P, Lu G, Zhu H, Zhang G, Lai A, Li S. Global and quantitative proteomic analysis of dogs infected by avian-like H3N2 canine influenza virus. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:228. [PMID: 25883591 PMCID: PMC4382988 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine influenza virus A (H3N2) is a newly emerged etiological agent for respiratory infections in dogs. The mechanism of interspecies transmission from avian to canine species and the development of diseases in this new host remain to be explored. To investigate this, we conducted a differential proteomics study in 2-month-old beagles inoculated intranasally with 10(6) TCID50 of A/canine/Guangdong/01/2006 (H3N2) virus. Lung sections excised at 12 h post-inoculation (hpi), 4 days, and 7 days post-inoculation (dpi) were processed for global and quantitative analysis of differentially expressed proteins. A total of 17,796 proteins were identified at different time points. About 1.6% was differentially expressed between normal and infected samples. Of these, 23, 27, and 136 polypeptides were up-regulated, and 14, 18, and 123 polypeptides were down-regulated, at 12 hpi, 4 dpi, and 7 dpi, respectively. Vann diagram analysis indicated that 17 proteins were up-regulated and one was down-regulated at all three time points. Selected proteins were validated by real-time PCR and by Western blot. Our results show that apoptosis and cytoskeleton-associated proteins expression was suppressed, whereas interferon-induced proteins plus other innate immunity proteins were induced after the infection. Understanding of the interactions between virus and the host will provide insights into the basis of interspecies transmission, adaptation, and virus pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Su
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou, China ; Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases of Guangdong Province Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Tian
- Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Harbin, China
| | - Malin Hong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou, China ; Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases of Guangdong Province Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou, China ; Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases of Guangdong Province Guangzhou, China
| | - Gang Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou, China ; Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases of Guangdong Province Guangzhou, China
| | - Huachen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Center for Influenza Research, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, China
| | - Guihong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou, China
| | - Alexander Lai
- College of Arts and Sciences, Kentucky State University Frankfort, KY, USA
| | - Shoujun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou, China ; Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases of Guangdong Province Guangzhou, China
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90
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Kim KS, Jung H, Shin IK, Choi BR, Kim DH. Induction of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) is a critical component of lung inflammation during influenza A (H1N1) virus infection. J Med Virol 2015; 87:1104-12. [PMID: 25802122 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Cytokine storm during influenza virus infection is recognized as a predictor of morbidity and mortality. To verify the cellular effects of influenza-induced cytokines in primary normal lung cells, human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs) and lung fibroblast cells (MRC-5 cells) were infected with influenza virus H1N1. H1N1 infection induced the transcription of various genes encoding cytokines and chemokines such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, IL-12A, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5) in both endothelial cells and lung fibroblasts. Among them, IL-1β induction by influenza infection increased the inflammation of lung cells; conversely, blockade of IL-1β signals with an IL-1β receptor antagonist or a neutralizing antibody alleviated influenza-driven inflammation. In conclusion, these data suggest that secreted IL-1β by the endothelial cells contributes to influenza-induced inflammation, and blockade of IL-1β signals is a potential treatment or therapeutic target for influenza-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Seok Kim
- Divisions of Radiation Effects, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), Seoul, Republic of Korea
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91
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James SJ, Jiao H, Teh HY, Takahashi H, Png CW, Phoon MC, Suzuki Y, Sawasaki T, Xiao H, Chow VTK, Yamamoto N, Reynolds JM, Flavell RA, Dong C, Zhang Y. MAPK Phosphatase 5 Expression Induced by Influenza and Other RNA Virus Infection Negatively Regulates IRF3 Activation and Type I Interferon Response. Cell Rep 2015; 10:1722-1734. [PMID: 25772359 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The type I interferon system is essential for antiviral immune response and is a primary target of viral immune evasion strategies. Here, we show that virus infection induces the expression of MAPK phosphatase 5 (MKP5), a dual-specificity phosphatase (DUSP), in host cells. Mice deficient in MKP5 were resistant to H1N1 influenza infection, which is associated with increased IRF3 activation and type I interferon expression in comparison with WT mice. Increased type I interferon responses were also observed in MKP5-deficient cells and animals upon other RNA virus infection, including vesicular stomatitis virus and sendai virus. These observations were attributed to the ability of MKP5 to interact with and dephosphorylate IRF3. Our study reveals a critical function of a DUSP in negative regulation of IRF3 activity and demonstrates a mechanism by which influenza and other RNA viruses inhibit type I interferon response in the host through MKP5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmy J James
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Immunology Progamme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Huipeng Jiao
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Immunology Progamme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Hong-Ying Teh
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Immunology Progamme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Hirotaka Takahashi
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Chin Wen Png
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Immunology Progamme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Meng Chee Phoon
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Youichi Suzuki
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Tatsuy Sawasaki
- Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Hui Xiao
- Unit of Immune Regulation and Signaling, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Vincent T K Chow
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Naoki Yamamoto
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Joseph M Reynolds
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Department of Immunology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Chen Dong
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Immunology Progamme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore.
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92
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Qiangzhi decoction protects mice from influenza A pneumonia through inhibition of inflammatory cytokine storm. Chin J Integr Med 2014; 21:376-83. [PMID: 25519444 PMCID: PMC7088648 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-014-2020-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the preventive effects of Qiangzhi Decoction (羌跖汤, QZD) on influenza A pneumonia through inhibition of inflammatory cytokine storm in vivo and in vitro. Methods One hundred ICR mice were randomly divided into the virus control, the Tamiflu control and the QZD high-, medium-, and low-dose groups. Mice were infected intranasally with influenza virus (H1N1) at 10 median lethal dose (LD50). QZD and Tamiflu were administered intragastrically twice daily from day 0 to day 7 after infection. The virus control group was treated with distilled water alone under the same condition. The number of surviving mice was recorded daily for 14 days after viral infection. The histological damage and viral replication and the expression of inflammatory cytokines were monitored. Additionally, the suppression capacity on the secretion of regulated on activation normal T cells expressed and secreted (RANTES) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in epithelial and macrophage cell-lines were evaluated. Results Compared with the virus control group, the survival rate of the QZD groups signifificantly improved in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05), the viral titers in lung tissue was inhibited (P<0.05), and the production of inflammatory cytokines interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-6 (IL-6), TNF-α, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) were suppressed (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the secretion of RANTETS and TNF-α by epithelial and macrophage cell-lines was inhibited with the treatment of QZD respectively in vitro (p<0.05) Conclusions The preventive effects of QZD on influenza virus infection might be due to its unique cytokine inhibition mechanism. QZD may have significant therapeutic potential in combination with antiviral drugs.
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93
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Min-Oo G, Lanier LL. Cytomegalovirus generates long-lived antigen-specific NK cells with diminished bystander activation to heterologous infection. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 211:2669-80. [PMID: 25422494 PMCID: PMC4267234 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20141172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Gundula Min-Oo and Lewis Lanier show that memory NK cells generated during MCMV infection respond poorly to cytokines generated during heterologous viral or bacterial infection, as compared with naïve NK cells. Natural killer (NK) cells play a key role in the host response to cytomegalovirus (CMV) and can mediate an enhanced response to secondary challenge with CMV. We assessed the ability of mouse CMV (MCMV)–induced memory Ly49H+ NK cells to respond to challenges with influenza, an acute viral infection localized to the lung, and Listeria monocytogenes, a systemic bacterial infection. MCMV-memory NK cells did not display enhanced activation or proliferation after infection with influenza or Listeria, as compared with naive Ly49H+ or Ly49H− NK cells. Memory NK cells also showed impaired activation compared with naive cells when challenged with a mutant MCMV lacking m157, highlighting their antigen-specific response. Ex vivo, MCMV-memory NK cells displayed reduced phosphorylation of STAT4 and STAT1 in response to stimulation by IL-12 and type I interferon (IFN), respectively, and IFN-γ production was reduced in response to IL-12 + IL-18 compared with naive NK cells. However, costimulation of MCMV-memory NK cells with IL-12 and m157 antigen rescues their impaired response compared with cytokines alone. These findings reveal that MCMV-primed memory NK cells are diminished in their response to cytokine-driven bystander responses to heterologous infections as they become specialized and antigen-specific for the control of MCMV upon rechallenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gundula Min-Oo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Cancer Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Cancer Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Lewis L Lanier
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Cancer Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Cancer Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
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94
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Liu ZP, Wu H, Zhu J, Miao H. Systematic identification of transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulations in human respiratory epithelial cells during influenza A virus infection. BMC Bioinformatics 2014; 15:336. [PMID: 25281301 PMCID: PMC4287445 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2105-15-336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Respiratory epithelial cells are the primary target of influenza virus infection in human. However, the molecular mechanisms of airway epithelial cell responses to viral infection are not fully understood. Revealing genome-wide transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory relationships can further advance our understanding of this problem, which motivates the development of novel and more efficient computational methods to simultaneously infer the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory networks. Results Here we propose a novel framework named SITPR to investigate the interactions among transcription factors (TFs), microRNAs (miRNAs) and target genes. Briefly, a background regulatory network on a genome-wide scale (~23,000 nodes and ~370,000 potential interactions) is constructed from curated knowledge and algorithm predictions, to which the identification of transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory relationships is anchored. To reduce the dimension of the associated computing problem down to an affordable size, several topological and data-based approaches are used. Furthermore, we propose the constrained LASSO formulation and combine it with the dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) model to identify the activated regulatory relationships from time-course expression data. Our simulation studies on networks of different sizes suggest that the proposed framework can effectively determine the genuine regulations among TFs, miRNAs and target genes; also, we compare SITPR with several selected state-of-the-art algorithms to further evaluate its performance. By applying the SITPR framework to mRNA and miRNA expression data generated from human lung epithelial A549 cells in response to A/Mexico/InDRE4487/2009 (H1N1) virus infection, we are able to detect the activated transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory relationships as well as the significant regulatory motifs. Conclusion Compared with other representative state-of-the-art algorithms, the proposed SITPR framework can more effectively identify the activated transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulations simultaneously from a given background network. The idea of SITPR is generally applicable to the analysis of gene regulatory networks in human cells. The results obtained for human respiratory epithelial cells suggest the importance of the transcriptional, post-transcriptional regulations as well as their synergies in the innate immune responses against IAV infection. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2105-15-336) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jian Zhu
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
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95
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Tantawy MA, Hatesuer B, Wilk E, Dengler L, Kasnitz N, Weiß S, Schughart K. The interferon-induced gene Ifi27l2a is active in lung macrophages and lymphocytes after influenza A infection but deletion of Ifi27l2a in mice does not increase susceptibility to infection. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106392. [PMID: 25184786 PMCID: PMC4153650 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferons represent one of the first and essential host defense mechanisms after infection, and the activation of the IFN-pathway results in the transcriptional activation of hundreds of interferon-stimulated genes. The alpha-inducible protein 27 like 2A (Ifi27l2a) gene (human synonym: ISG12) is strongly up-regulated in the lung after influenza A infection in mice and has been shown in gene expression studies to be highly correlated to other activated genes. Therefore, we investigated the role of Ifi27l2a for the host defense to influenza A infections in more detail. RT-PCR analyses in non-infected mice demonstrated that Ifi27l2a was expressed in several tissues, including the lung. Detailed analyses of reporter gene expression in lungs from Ifi27l2a-LacZ mice revealed that Ifi27l2a was expressed in macrophages and lymphocytes but not in alveolar cells or bronchiolar epithelium cells. The number of macrophages and lymphocyte strongly increased in the lung after infection, but no significant increase in expression levels of the LacZ reporter gene was found within individual immune cells. Also, no reporter gene expression was found in bronchiolar epithelial cells, alveolar cells or infiltrating neutrophils after infection. Thus, up-regulation of Ifi27l2a in infected lungs is mainly due to the infiltration of macrophages and lymphocytes. Most surprisingly, deletion of Ifi27l2a in mouse knock-out lines did not result in increased susceptibility to infections with H1N1 or H7N7 influenza A virus compared to wild type C57BL/6N mice, suggesting a less important role of the gene for the host response to influenza infections than for bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Tantawy
- Department of Infection Genetics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany
| | - Bastian Hatesuer
- Department of Infection Genetics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany
| | - Esther Wilk
- Department of Infection Genetics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany
| | - Leonie Dengler
- Department of Infection Genetics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany
| | - Nadine Kasnitz
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Siegfried Weiß
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Klaus Schughart
- Department of Infection Genetics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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96
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Cannon G, Callahan MA, Gronemus JQ, Lowy RJ. Early activation of MAP kinases by influenza A virus X-31 in murine macrophage cell lines. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105385. [PMID: 25166426 PMCID: PMC4148262 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Early molecular responses to Influenza A (FLUA) virus strain A/X-31 H3N2 in macrophages were explored using J774.A1 and RAW 264.7 murine cell lines. NF-kappa B (NFκB) was reported to be central to FLUA host-response in other cell types. Our data showed that FLUA activation of the classical NFκB dependent pathway in these macrophages was minimal. Regulator proteins, IkappaB-alpha and -beta (IκBα, IκBβ), showed limited degradation peaking at 2 h post FLUA exposure and p65 was not observed to translocate from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Additionally, the non-canonical NFκB pathway was not activated in response to FLUA. The cells did display early increases in TNFα and other inflammatory cytokine and chemokine production. Mitogen activated phosphokinase (MAPK) signaling pathways are also reported to control production of inflammatory cytokines in response to FLUA. The activation of the MAPKs, cJun kinases 1 and 2 (JNK 1/2), extracellular regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK 1/2), and p38 were investigated in both cell lines between 0.25 and 3 h post-infection. Each of these kinases showed increased phosphorylation post FLUA exposure. JNK phosphorylation occurred early while p38 phosphorylation appeared later. Phosphorylation of ERK 1/2 occurred earlier in J774.A1 cells compared to RAW 264.7 cells. Inhibition of MAPK activation resulted in decreased production of most FLUA responsive cytokines and chemokines in these cells. The results suggest that in these monocytic cells the MAPK pathways are important in the early response to FLUA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgetta Cannon
- Scientific Research Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Michelle A. Callahan
- Scientific Research Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jenny Q. Gronemus
- Central Accessing Unit, American Type Culture Collection, Manassas, Virginia, United States of America
| | - R. Joel Lowy
- Scientific Research Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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97
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Heaton NS, Langlois RA, Sachs D, Lim JK, Palese P, tenOever BR. Long-term survival of influenza virus infected club cells drives immunopathology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 211:1707-14. [PMID: 25135297 PMCID: PMC4144728 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20140488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory infection of influenza A virus (IAV) is frequently characterized by extensive immunopathology and proinflammatory signaling that can persist after virus clearance. In this report, we identify cells that become infected, but survive, acute influenza virus infection. We demonstrate that these cells, known as club cells, elicit a robust transcriptional response to virus infection, show increased interferon stimulation, and induce high levels of proinflammatory cytokines after successful viral clearance. Specific depletion of these surviving cells leads to a reduction in lung tissue damage associated with IAV infection. We propose a model in which infected, surviving club cells establish a proinflammatory environment aimed at controlling virus levels, but at the same time contribute to lung pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas S Heaton
- Department of Microbiology, Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, and Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Ryan A Langlois
- Department of Microbiology, Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, and Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 Department of Microbiology, Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, and Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - David Sachs
- Department of Microbiology, Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, and Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Jean K Lim
- Department of Microbiology, Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, and Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Peter Palese
- Department of Microbiology, Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, and Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Benjamin R tenOever
- Department of Microbiology, Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, and Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 Department of Microbiology, Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, and Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
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Inoue T, Katoh N, Kishimoto S. Erythema Nodosum Induced by the Synergism of Acupuncture Therapy and Flu-Like Infection. J Dermatol 2014; 32:493-6. [PMID: 16043927 DOI: 10.1111/j.1346-8138.2005.tb00787.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2004] [Accepted: 02/01/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A 32-year-old female patient developed erythema nodosum-like lesions at needle prick sites after acupuncture therapy. Over the next few days, she developed similar new lesions over the extremities, trunk and face along with flu-like symptoms. There were neither genital ulcerations nor eye lesions. A skin biopsy specimen from an extremity lesion showed the characteristic findings of erythema nodosum. Treatment with oral potassium iodide at a dose of 750 mg/day was effective, and there has not been any recurrence to date. We diagnosed this case as erythema nodosum induced by a synergism between acupuncture therapy and a flu-like infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Inoue
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
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99
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Hirata N, Suizu F, Matsuda-Lennikov M, Edamura T, Bala J, Noguchi M. Inhibition of Akt kinase activity suppresses entry and replication of influenza virus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 450:891-8. [PMID: 24971535 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.06.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The possibility of the pandemic spread of influenza viruses highlights the need for an effective cure for this life-threatening disease. Influenza A virus, belonging to a family of orthomyxoviruses, is a negative-strand RNA virus which encodes 11 viral proteins. A numbers of intracellular signaling pathways in the host cells interact with influenza the viral proteins, which affect various stages of viral infection and replication. In this study, we investigated how inhibition of Akt kinase activity impacts on influenza virus infection by using "Akt-in", a peptide Akt inhibitor. In PR8 influenza-infected A549 cells, Akt interacted with the NS1 (Non structural protein 1), and hence increased phosphorylation of Akt kinase activity and NS1. Treatment of cells with either "TCL1- or TCL1b-based Akt-in" efficiently suppressed Akt kinase activity while decreasing the levels of phosphorylated NS1; this, in turn, inhibited viral replication in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The inhibitory effect on viral replication appears to not be due to inhibition of the production of inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6 and IL-8, in the host cells. Inhibition of Akt kinase activity in the host cells inhibited the efficiency of viral entry, which is associated with decreased levels of phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase 3, a substrate of Akt. Thus inhibition of Akt kinase activity in host cells may have therapeutic advantages for influenza virus infection by inhibiting viral entry and replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Hirata
- Division of Cancer Biology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Futoshi Suizu
- Division of Cancer Biology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mami Matsuda-Lennikov
- Division of Cancer Biology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tatsuma Edamura
- Division of Cancer Biology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jyoti Bala
- Division of Cancer Biology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Noguchi
- Division of Cancer Biology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
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Kallen KJ, Theß A. A development that may evolve into a revolution in medicine: mRNA as the basis for novel, nucleotide-based vaccines and drugs. THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN VACCINES 2014; 2:10-31. [PMID: 24757523 DOI: 10.1177/2051013613508729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances strongly suggest that mRNA rather than DNA will be the nucleotide basis for a new class of vaccines and drugs. Therapeutic cancer vaccines against a variety of targets have been developed on this basis and initial clinical experience suggests that preclinical activity can be successfully translated to human application. Likewise, prophylactic vaccines against viral pathogens and allergens have demonstrated their activity in animal models. These successes could be extended preclinically to mRNA protein and gene replacement therapy as well as the induction of pluripotent stem cells by mRNA encoded transcription factors. The production of mRNA-based vaccines and drugs is highly flexible, scalable and cost competitive, and eliminates the requirement of a cold chain. mRNA-based drugs and vaccines offer all the advantages of a nucleotide-based approach at reduced costs and represent a truly disruptive technology that may start a revolution in medicine.
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