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Shintani A, Inagaki M, Kohda H, Takeda Y. Vincoside Lactam and Secologanin Dimethyl Acetal from the Leaves of Davidia involucrata. Chem Nat Compd 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-017-2063-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Cytochrome P450 and P-Glycoprotein-Mediated Interactions Involving African Herbs Indicated for Common Noncommunicable Diseases. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:2582463. [PMID: 28250793 PMCID: PMC5307007 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2582463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Herbal remedies are regularly used to complement conventional therapies in the treatment of various illnesses in Africa. This may be because they are relatively cheap and easily accessible and are believed by many to be safe, cause fewer side effects, and are less likely to cause dependency. On the contrary, many herbs have been shown to alter the pharmacokinetics of coadministered allopathic medicines and can either synergize or antagonize therapeutic effects as well as altering the toxicity profiles of these drugs. Current disease burden data point towards epidemiological transitions characterised by increasing urbanization and changing lifestyles, risk factors for chronic diseases like hypertension, diabetes, and cancer which often present as multimorbidities. As a result, we highlight African herb-drug interactions (HDIs) modulated via cytochrome P450 enzyme family (CYP) and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and the consequences thereof in relation to antihypertensive, antidiabetic, and anticancer drugs. CYPs are enzymes which account for to up to 70% of drug metabolism while P-gp is an efflux pump that extrudes drug substrates out of cells. Consequently, regulation of the relative activity of both CYP and P-gp by African herbs influences the effective drug concentration at the site of action and modifies therapeutic outcomes.
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Hosen SMI, Das D, Kobi R, Chowdhury DUS, Alam MJ, Rudra B, Bakar MA, Islam S, Rahman Z, Al-Forkan M. Study of arsenic accumulation in rice and evaluation of protective effects of Chorchorus olitorius leaves against arsenic contaminated rice induced toxicities in Wistar albino rats. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2016; 17:46. [PMID: 27737708 PMCID: PMC5064892 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-016-0091-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In the present study, we investigated the arsenic accumulation in different parts of rice irrigated with arsenic contaminated water. Besides, we also evaluated the protective effects of Corchorus olitorius leaves against arsenic contaminated rice induced toxicities in animal model. Methods A pot experiment was conducted with arsenic amended irrigation water (0.0, 25.0, 50.0 and 75.0 mg/L As) to investigate the arsenic accumulation in different parts of rice. In order to evaluate the protective effects of Corchorus olitorius leaves, twenty Wistar albino rats were divided into four different groups. The control group (Group-I) was supplied with normal laboratory pellets while groups II, III, and IV received normal laboratory pellets supplemented with arsenic contaminated rice, C. olitorius leaf powder (4 %), arsenic contaminated rice plus C. olitorius leaf powder (4 %) respectively. Different haematological parameters and serum indices were analyzed to evaluate the protective effects of Corchorus olitorius leaves against arsenic intoxication. To gather more supportive evidences of Corchorus olitorius potentiality against arsenic intoxication, histopathological analysis of liver, kidney, spleen and heart tissues was also performed. Results From the pot experiment, we have found a significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase of arsenic accumulation in different parts of rice with the increase of arsenic concentrations in irrigation water and the trend of accumulation was found as root > straw > husk > grain. Another part of the experiment revealed that supplementation of C. olitorius leaves with arsenic contaminated rice significantly (p < 0.05) restored the altered haematological parameters and other serum indices towards the normal values. Arsenic deposition pattern on different organs and histological studies on the ultrastructural changes of liver, kidneys, spleen and heart also supported the protective roles of Corchorus olitorius leaves against arsenic contaminated rice induced toxicities. Conclusion Arsenic accumulation in different parts of rice increased dose-dependently. Hence, for irrigation purpose arsenic contaminated water cannot be used. Furthermore, arsenic contaminated rice induced several toxicities in animal model, most of which could be minimized with the food supplementation of Corchorus olitorius leaves. Therefore, Corchorus olitorius can be used as a potential food supplement to the affected people of arsenic prone zone to ensure the food security. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40360-016-0091-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Mohammed Imran Hosen
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Dipesh Das
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Rupkanowar Kobi
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Dil Umme Salma Chowdhury
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Md Jibran Alam
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Bashudev Rudra
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Abu Bakar
- Phytochemistry Research Division, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Saiful Islam
- Department of Pathology, Chittagong Medical College (CMC), Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Zillur Rahman
- Department of Pathology, Chittagong Medical College (CMC), Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Al-Forkan
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, 4331, Bangladesh.
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Taiwo BJ, Taiwo GO, Olubiyi OO, Fatokun AA. Polyphenolic compounds with anti-tumour potential from Corchorus olitorius (L.) Tiliaceae, a Nigerian leaf vegetable. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:3404-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.06.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Domínguez-Avila JA, González-Aguilar GA, Alvarez-Parrilla E, de la Rosa LA. Modulation of PPAR Expression and Activity in Response to Polyphenolic Compounds in High Fat Diets. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17071002. [PMID: 27367676 PMCID: PMC4964378 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) are transcription factors that modulate energy metabolism in liver, adipose tissue and muscle. High fat diets (HFD) can negatively impact PPAR expression or activity, favoring obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and other conditions. However, polyphenols (PP) found in vegetable foodstuffs are capable of positively modulating this pathway. We therefore focused this review on the possible effects that PP can have on PPAR when administered together with HFD. We found that PP from diverse sources, such as coffee, olives, rice, berries and others, are capable of inducing the expression of genes involved in a decrease of adipose mass, liver and serum lipids and lipid biosynthesis in animal and cell models of HFD. Since cells or gut bacteria can transform PP into different metabolites, it is possible that a synergistic or antagonistic effect ultimately occurs. PP molecules from vegetable sources are an interesting option to maintain or return to a state of energy homeostasis, possibly due to an adequate PPAR expression and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Abraham Domínguez-Avila
- Coordinación de Tecnología de Alimentos de Origen Vegetal, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C., Carretera a La Victoria km 0.6, AP 1735, CP 83304 Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico.
| | - Gustavo A González-Aguilar
- Coordinación de Tecnología de Alimentos de Origen Vegetal, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C., Carretera a La Victoria km 0.6, AP 1735, CP 83304 Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico.
| | - Emilio Alvarez-Parrilla
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Anillo Envolvente del PRONAF y Estocolmo s/n, CP 32310 Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico.
| | - Laura A de la Rosa
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Anillo Envolvente del PRONAF y Estocolmo s/n, CP 32310 Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico.
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Akinwumi KA, Osifeso OO, Jubril AJ, Adedoja AW, Ogunbiyi ET, Adebo FM, Adesina IO, Odunola OA. Potassium Dichromate Toxicities: Protective Effect of Methanol Extract of Corchorus olitorius in Albino Rats. J Med Food 2016; 19:457-65. [PMID: 27152977 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2015.0116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to hexavalent chromate compounds such as other human carcinogens is unavoidable in the developing countries of the world. Research efforts are being directed toward minimizing exposure to them, intercepting their activity in vivo, and/or prophylaxis. The present study therefore evaluates the effect of methanol extract of the leafy vegetable, Corchorus olitorius (MECO), against potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7)-induced toxicities. Negative control animals were fed distilled water, while the positive control rats received 12 mg/kg body weight K2Cr2O7 once a week for 6 weeks. Test rats were exposed daily to 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg body weight MECO alone for 6 weeks and 12 mg/kg body weight of K2Cr2O7 once a week for 6 weeks before sacrifice. The frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (mPCEs) was monitored in bone marrow cells, while induction of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatinine levels, and hematological parameters were assessed in the plasma. The phytochemical analysis of MECO was also carried out. K2Cr2O7 significantly (P < .05) increased the levels of mPCEs, AST, ALT, creatinine, total white blood cells, and lymphocytes compared with the control. The percentage pack cell volume and neutrophils were, however, reduced. In contrast, MECO at different doses restored the markers toward the levels of the negative control. MECO is rich in flavonoids, saponins, anthraquinones, terpenoids, and phenols, and they might be responsible for the protective effect observed in this study. Our results suggest that MECO has a promising potential in the treatment/management of chromate-induced toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazeem A Akinwumi
- 1 Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan , Ibadan, Nigeria .,2 Department of Chemical Sciences, Bells University of Technology , Ota, Nigeria
| | - Olabode O Osifeso
- 3 Department of Sciences Laboratory Technology, Moshood Abiola Polytechnic , Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Afusat J Jubril
- 4 Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Ibadan , Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ayobami W Adedoja
- 5 Department of Public Health, City University of New York , New York, USA
| | - Elizabeth T Ogunbiyi
- 2 Department of Chemical Sciences, Bells University of Technology , Ota, Nigeria
| | - Fumilayo M Adebo
- 3 Department of Sciences Laboratory Technology, Moshood Abiola Polytechnic , Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Idayat O Adesina
- 3 Department of Sciences Laboratory Technology, Moshood Abiola Polytechnic , Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Oyeronke A Odunola
- 1 Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan , Ibadan, Nigeria
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Alamolhodaei NS, Shirani K, Karimi G. Arsenic cardiotoxicity: An overview. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2015; 40:1005-14. [PMID: 26606645 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2015.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic, a naturally ubiquitous element, is found in foods and environment. Cardiac dysfunction is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. Arsenic exposure is associated with various cardiopathologic effects including ischemia, arrhythmia and heart failure. Possible mechanisms of arsenic cardiotoxicity include oxidative stress, DNA fragmentation, apoptosis and functional changes of ion channels. Several evidences have shown that mitochondrial disruption, caspase activation, MAPK signaling and p53 are the pathways for arsenic induced apoptosis. Arsenic trioxide is an effective and potent antitumor agent used in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia and produces dramatic remissions. As2O3 administration has major limitations such as T wave changes, QT prolongation and sudden death in humans. In this review, we discuss the underlying pathobiology of arsenic cardiotoxicity and provide information about cardiac health effects associated with some medicinal plants in arsenic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kobra Shirani
- Department of Pharmacodynamy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center and Pharmacy School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
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Kim YH, Choi KS. Effect of the Erigeron annuus In Vitro Antioxidant Properties and Extract on Serum Lipid in Mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.9799/ksfan.2015.28.3.387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Okada Y, Okada M. Effects of methanolic extracts from edible plants on endogenous secretory receptor for advanced glycation end products induced by the high glucose incubation in human endothelial cells. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2015; 7:145-50. [PMID: 25883519 PMCID: PMC4399013 DOI: 10.4103/0975-7406.148783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Revised: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In diabetic populations, endogenous secretory receptor for advanced glycation end products (esRAGE) levels may be related to the degree of diabetic complications or to the protection from diabetic complications. Objective: We investigated the impact of 29 methanolic extracts from edible plants on esRAGE production in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) cultured in high (4.5 g/L) glucose. Materials and Methods: Edible plants were minced, and extracts were obtained with methanol overnight. The methanolic extracts from 29 edible plants were evaporated in a vacuum. For screening study purposes, HUVECs were seeded in culture dishes (1.5 × 105 cells). Then, HUVECs were incubated with 1 g/L or 4.5 g/L of glucose in SFM CS-C medium treated with methanolic extracts from edible plants (MEEP) for 96 h. Determination of esRAGE production in the cell culture-derived supernatants was performed by colorimetric ELISA. The 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) level was determined by using the 8-OHdG Check ELISA kit. Peroxynitrite-dependent oxidation of 2’, 7’-dichlorodihydrofluorescein to 2’, 7’-dichlorofluorescein was estimated based on the method described by Crow. Because MEEP were methanolic extracts, we measured their total phenolic content (TPC). TPC was measured with a modified version of the Folin–Ciocalteu method. Results: The results showed eight extracts increased esRAGE production. The extract from white radish sprouts showed the highest esRAGE production activity, and then eggplant, carrot peel, young sweet corn, Jew's marrow, broad bean, Japanese radish and cauliflower. In order to understand the mechanism of esRAGE production, the eight extracts were examined for DNA damage, peroxynitrite scavenging activity, and TPC in correlation with their esRAGE production. The results showed esRAGE production correlates with the peroxynitrite level and TPC. Conclusion: This study supports the utilization of these eight extracts in folk medicine for improved treatment of diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Okada
- Laboratory on Ageing and Health Management, Graduate School of Nursing and Health, Aichi Prefectural University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mizue Okada
- Nutrition Section, Ageing and Nutrition Research, Yms Laboratory, Gifu, Japan
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Ezuruike UF, Prieto JM. The use of plants in the traditional management of diabetes in Nigeria: pharmacological and toxicological considerations. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 155:857-924. [PMID: 24929108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The prevalence of diabetes is on a steady increase worldwide and it is now identified as one of the main threats to human health in the 21st century. In Nigeria, the use of herbal medicine alone or alongside prescription drugs for its management is quite common. We hereby carry out a review of medicinal plants traditionally used for diabetes management in Nigeria. Based on the available evidence on the species׳ pharmacology and safety, we highlight ways in which their therapeutic potential can be properly harnessed for possible integration into the country׳s healthcare system. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ethnobotanical information was obtained from a literature search of electronic databases such as Google Scholar, Pubmed and Scopus up to 2013 for publications on medicinal plants used in diabetes management, in which the place of use and/or sample collection was identified as Nigeria. 'Diabetes' and 'Nigeria' were used as keywords for the primary searches; and then 'Plant name - accepted or synonyms', 'Constituents', 'Drug interaction' and/or 'Toxicity' for the secondary searches. RESULTS The hypoglycemic effect of over a hundred out of the 115 plants reviewed in this paper is backed by preclinical experimental evidence, either in vivo or in vitro. One-third of the plants have been studied for their mechanism of action, while isolation of the bioactive constituent(s) has been accomplished for twenty three plants. Some plants showed specific organ toxicity, mostly nephrotoxic or hepatotoxic, with direct effects on the levels of some liver function enzymes. Twenty eight plants have been identified as in vitro modulators of P-glycoprotein and/or one or more of the cytochrome P450 enzymes, while eleven plants altered the levels of phase 2 metabolic enzymes, chiefly glutathione, with the potential to alter the pharmacokinetics of co-administered drugs. CONCLUSION This review, therefore, provides a useful resource to enable a thorough assessment of the profile of plants used in diabetes management so as to ensure a more rational use. By anticipating potential toxicities or possible herb-drug interactions, significant risks which would otherwise represent a burden on the country׳s healthcare system can be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udoamaka F Ezuruike
- Center for Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, WC1N 1AX London, United Kingdom.
| | - Jose M Prieto
- Center for Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, WC1N 1AX London, United Kingdom.
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Yoshida K, Satsu H, Mikubo A, Ogiwara H, Yakabe T, Inakuma T, Shimizu M. 6-shogaol, a major compound in ginger, induces aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated transcriptional activity and gene expression. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:5492-9. [PMID: 24857157 DOI: 10.1021/jf405146j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Xenobiotics are usually detoxified by drug-metabolizing enzymes and excreted from the body. The expression of many of drug-metabolizing enzymes is regulated by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). Some substances in vegetables have the potential to be AHR ligands. To search for vegetable components that exhibit AHR-mediated transcriptional activity, we assessed the activity of vegetable extracts and identified the active compounds using the previously established stable AHR-responsive HepG2 cell line. Among the hot water extracts of vegetables, the highest activity was found in ginger. The ethyl acetate fraction of the ginger hot water extract remarkably induced AHR-mediated transcriptional activity, and the major active compound was found to be 6-shogaol. Subsequently, the mRNA levels of AHR-targeting drug-metabolizing enzymes (CYP1A1, UGT1A1, and ABCG 2) and the protein level of CYP1A1 in HepG2 cells were shown to be increased by 6-shogaol. This is the first report that 6-shogaol can regulate the expression of detoxification enzymes by AHR activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutaka Yoshida
- Research & Development Division, Kagome Co., Ltd. , 17 Nishitomiyama, Nasushiobara 329-2762, Japan
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Synthesis, characterization and effect of the fluorine substitution on the redox reactivity and in vitro anticancer behaviors of N-polyfluorophenyl-3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylaldimines and their Cu(II) complexes. J Fluor Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2014.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Azuma K, Ippoushi K, Ito H, Horie H, Terao J. Enhancing Effect of Lipids and Emulsifiers on the Accumulation of Quercetin Metabolites in Blood Plasma after the Short-term Ingestion of Onion by Rats. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 67:2548-55. [PMID: 14730132 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.67.2548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The effects of co-ingested lipids and emulsifiers on the accumulation of quercetin metabolites in blood plasma after the short-term ingestion of onion by rats were investigated. Plasma extracts of rats that had been fed onion-containing diets for one and two weeks were analyzed by HPLC with electrochemical detection after a treatment with sulfatase/beta-glucuronidase. Almost all of the quercetin metabolites in the plasma were sulfate/glucuronide conjugates of quercetin and isorhamnetin. More than 4.6% (w/w) of soybean oil in the diets significantly enhanced the accumulation of quercetin metabolites in the plasma. Fish oil and beef tallow increased this to an extent similar to that with soybean oil, and lecithin was more effective than the other three lipids. Two emulsifiers, sodium caseinate and sucrose fatty acid ester, also showed an enhancing effect on the accumulation of quercetin metabolites. These results indicate that co-ingested lipids and emulsifiers could enhance the bioavailability of quercetin glucosides in onion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Azuma
- National Institute of Vegetable and Tea Science, National Agricultural Research Organization, Ano, Mie, Japan.
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Potential activity of 3-(2-chlorophenyl)-1-phenyl-propenonein accelerating wound healing in rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:792086. [PMID: 24587992 PMCID: PMC3919117 DOI: 10.1155/2014/792086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing involves inflammation followed by granular tissue development and scar formation. In this study, synthetic chalcone 3-(2-Chlorophenyl)-1-phenyl-propenone (CPPP) was investigated for a potential role in enhancing wound healing and closure. Twenty-four male rats were divided randomly into 4 groups: carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) (0.2 mL), Intrasite gel, and CPPP (25 or 50 mg/mL). Gross morphology, wounds treatment with the CPPP, and Intrasite gel accelerate the rate of wound healing compared to CMC group. Ten days after surgery, the animals were sacrificed. Histological assessment revealed that the wounds treated with CPPP showed that wound closure site contained little amount of scar and the granulation tissue contained more collagen and less inflammatory cells than wound treated with CMC. This finding was confirmed with Masson's trichrome staining. The antioxidant defence enzymes catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly increased in the wound homogenates treated with CPPP (P < 0.05) compared to CMC treated group. However, in the CPPP treatment group, lipid peroxidation (MDA) was significantly decreased (P < 0.05), suggesting that the CPPP also has an important role in protection against lipid peroxidation-induced skin injury after ten days of treatment with CPPP, which is similar to the values of cytokines TGF-β and TNF-α in tissue homogenate. Finally the administration of CPPP at a dosage of 25 and 50 mg/kg was suitable for the stimulation of wound healing.
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Simlai A, Chatterjee K, Roy A. A Comparative Study on Antioxidant Potentials of Some Leafy Vegetables Consumed Widely in India. J Food Biochem 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aritra Simlai
- Department of Biotechnology; Visva-Bharati University; Santiniketan 731235 West Bengal India
| | - Kashinath Chatterjee
- Department of Statistics; Visva-Bharati University; Santiniketan 731235 West Bengal India
| | - Amit Roy
- Department of Biotechnology; Visva-Bharati University; Santiniketan 731235 West Bengal India
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Al Batran R, Al-Bayaty F, Ameen Abdulla M, Jamil Al-Obaidi MM, Hajrezaei M, Hassandarvish P, Fouad M, Golbabapour S, Talaee S. Gastroprotective effects of Corchorus olitorius leaf extract against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal hemorrhagic lesions in rats. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013; 28:1321-9. [PMID: 23611708 PMCID: PMC3842111 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.12229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Corchorus olitorius is a medicinal plant traditionally utilized as an antifertility, anti-convulsive, and purgative agent. This study aimed to evaluate the gastroprotective effect of an ethanolic extract of C. olitorius against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in adult Sprague Dawley rats. METHODS The rats were divided into seven groups according to their pretreatment: an untreated control group, an ulcer control group, a reference control group (20 mg/kg omeprazole), and four experimental groups (50, 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg of extract). Carboxymethyl cellulose was the vehicle for the agents. Prior to the induction of gastric ulcers with absolute ethanol, the rats in each group were pretreated orally. An hour later, the rats were sacrificed, and gastric tissues were collected to evaluate the ulcers and to measure enzymatic activity. The tissues were subjected to histological and immunohistochemical evaluations. RESULTS Compared with the extensive mucosal damage in the ulcer control group, gross evaluation revealed a marked protection of the gastric mucosa in the experimental groups, with significantly preserved gastric wall mucus. In these groups, superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde levels were significantly increased (P < 0.05) and reduced (P < 0.05), respectively. In addition to the histologic analyses (HE and periodic acid-Schiff staining), immunohistochemistry confirmed the protection through the upregulation of Hsp70 and the downregulation of Bax proteins. The gastroprotection of the experimental groups was comparable to that of the reference control medicine omeprazole. CONCLUSIONS Our study reports the gastroprotective property of an ethanolic extract of C. olitorius against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal hemorrhagic lesions in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami Al Batran
- Center of Studies for Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University Technology MaraShah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fouad Al-Bayaty
- Center of Studies for Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University Technology MaraShah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of MalayaKuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mazen M Jamil Al-Obaidi
- Center of Studies for Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University Technology MaraShah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Maryam Hajrezaei
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of MalayaKuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of MalayaKuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pouya Hassandarvish
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of MalayaKuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mustafa Fouad
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of MalayaKuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shahram Golbabapour
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of MalayaKuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of MalayaKuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Samaneh Talaee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of MalayaKuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Dewanjee S, Gangopadhyay M, Sahu R, Karmakar S. Cadmium induced pathophysiology: prophylactic role of edible jute (Corchorus olitorius) leaves with special emphasis on oxidative stress and mitochondrial involvement. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 60:188-98. [PMID: 23891759 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the protective effect of aqueous extract of Corchorus olitorius leaves (AECO) against CdCl₂ intoxication. In vitro bioassay on isolated mice hepatocytes confirmed dose dependent cytoprotective effect of AECO. The CdCl₂ (30 μM) exhibited a significantly increased levels of lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation along with the reduction of antioxidant enzymes and reduced glutathione levels in hepatocytes. AECO (200 and 400 μg/ml) + CdCl₂ (30 μM) could significantly restore the aforementioned oxidation parameters in hepatocytes. Beside this, AECO could significantly reduce Cd-induced increase in Bad/Bcl-2 ratio and the over-expression of NF-κB, caspase 3 and caspase 9. In in vivo assay, CdCl₂ (4 mg/kg body weight, for 6 days) treated rats exhibited a significantly increased intracellular Cd accumulation, oxidative stress and DNA fragmentation in the organs. In addition, the haematological parameters were significantly altered in the CdCl₂ treated rats. Simultaneous administration of AECO (50 and 100 mg/kg body weight), could significantly restore the biochemical, antioxidant and haematological parameters near to the normal status. Histological studies of the organs supported the protective role of jute leaves. Presence of substantial quantity of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in extract may be responsible for overall protective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Dewanjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Raja S C Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, India.
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Handoussa H, Hanafi R, Eddiasty I, El-Gendy M, El Khatib A, Linscheid M, Mahran L, Ayoub N. Anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities of dietary phenolics isolated from Corchorus olitorius and Vitis vinifera. J Funct Foods 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2013.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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Yan YY, Wang YW, Chen SL, Zhuang SR, Wang CK. Anti-inflammatory effects of phenolic crude extracts from five fractions of Corchorus Olitorius L. Food Chem 2013; 138:1008-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2012] [Revised: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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İşeri ÖD, Yurtcu E, Sahin FI, Haberal M. Corchorus olitorius (jute) extract induced cytotoxicity and genotoxicity on human multiple myeloma cells (ARH-77). PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2013; 51:766-770. [PMID: 23577798 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.765897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Corchorus olitorius L. (Malvaceae) has industrial importance in world jute production and is a widely cultivated and consumed crop in Cyprus and in some Arabic countries. OBJECTIVE The present study investigated cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of leaf extracts (LE) and seed extracts (SE) of the C. olitorius on the multiple myeloma-derived ARH-77 cells. The extracts were also evaluated for their total phenol content (TPC) and free radical scavenging activity (FRSA). MATERIALS AND METHODS C. olitorius was collected from Nicosia, Cyprus. TPC and FRSA were measured by Folin-Ciocalteu and DPPH free radical methods, respectively. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by the MTT assay (4-2048 µg/mL range), and DNA damage (at IC50 and ½IC50) was measured by the comet assay. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The LE had significantly higher total phenol (78 mg GAE/g extract) than the SE (2 mg GAE/g extract) with significantly higher FRSA (IC50 LE: 23 µg/mL and IC50 SE: 10 401 µg/mL). Both LE and SE exerted cytotoxic effects on cells after 48 h. The IC50 of SE (17 µg/mL) was lower than LE (151 µg/mL), which demonstrates its higher cytotoxicity on cells. The extracts were applied at 150 and 75 µg/mL for LE and at 17 and 8.5 µg/mL for SE, and the results of the comet assay revealed that the extracts induced genotoxic damage on ARH-77 cells. In both 48 h leaf and seed extract treatments, genotoxic damage significantly increased with increasing concentrations at relevant cytotoxic concentrations. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating the high cytotoxic potential of C. olitorius SE and the genotoxic potential of LE and SE.
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Hwang SJ, Park SJ, Kim JD. Component Analysis and Antioxidant Activity of Oenanthe javanica Extracts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.9721/kjfst.2013.45.2.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ullah MO, Haque M, Urmi KF, Zulfiker AHM, Anita ES, Begum M, Hamid K. Anti-bacterial activity and brine shrimp lethality bioassay of methanolic extracts of fourteen different edible vegetables from Bangladesh. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2013; 3:1-7. [PMID: 23570009 PMCID: PMC3609385 DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(13)60015-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the antibacterial and cytotoxic activity of fourteen different edible vegetables methanolic extract from Bangladesh. METHODS The antibacterial activity was evaluated using disc diffusion assay method against 12 bacteria (both gram positive and gram negative). The plant extracts were also screened for cytotoxic activity using the brine shrimp lethality bioassay method and the lethal concentrations (LC50) were determined at 95% confidence intervals by analyzing the data on a computer loaded with "Finney Programme". RESULTS All the vegetable extracts showed low to elevated levels of antibacterial activity against most of the tested strains (zone of inhibition=5-28 mm). The most active extract against all bacterial strains was from Xanthium indicum which showed remarkable antibacterial activity having the diameter of growth inhibition zone ranging from 12 to 28 mm followed by Alternanthera sessilis (zone of inhibition=6-21 mm). All extracts exhibited considerable general toxicity towards brine shrimps. The LC50 value of the tested extracts was within the range of 8.447 to 60.323 µg/mL with respect to the positive control (vincristine sulphate) which was 0.91 µg/mL. Among all studied extracts, Xanthium indicum displayed the highest cytotoxic effect with LC50 value of 8.447 µg/mL. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present investigation suggest that most of the studied plants are potentially good source of antibacterial and anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Obayed Ullah
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
| | - Mahmuda Haque
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Bangladesh
| | | | | | | | - Momtaj Begum
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Bangladesh
| | - Kaiser Hamid
- Department of Pharmacy, East West University, Bangladesh
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Merino-Montiel P, Maza S, Martos S, López Ó, Maya I, Fernández-Bolaños JG. Synthesis and antioxidant activity of O-alkyl selenocarbamates, selenoureas and selenohydantoins. Eur J Pharm Sci 2012; 48:582-92. [PMID: 23287366 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2012.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2012] [Revised: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The preparation of three different families of lipophilic organoselenium compounds (aryl- and sugar-derived selenoureas, O-alkyl selenocarbamates and selenohydantoins) has been carried out in order to evaluate their in vitro antioxidant profile, analyzing the influence of the selenium-containing functional group, and the substituents on the activity. Title compounds have therefore been studied for the first time as free radical, hydrogen peroxide, alkyl peroxides and nitric oxide scavengers using colorimetric methods; furthermore, their glutathione peroxidase-like activity has also been analyzed by NMR spectroscopy. Free radical scavenging activity has been evaluated using the DPPH method; the strongest free radical scavengers were found to be both, aryl- and sugar-derived selenoureas, with EC₅₀ values ranging 19-46 μM. Concerning anti-H₂O₂ activity, measured by the horseradish peroxidase-mediated oxidation of phenol red, the best results were achieved for aryl selenohydantoins, showing a 61-76% inhibition at 0.5 mM concentration. Organoselenium compounds were also found to be capable of inhibiting the chain reaction involving lipid peroxidation (ferric thiocyanate method); thus, when tested at 0.74 mM, sugar selenocarbamates exhibited 49-71% inhibition of alkyl peroxides-mediated degradation of linoleic acid. Nitric oxide scavenging was studied by transforming sodium nitroprusside into nitrite ion, which in turn was transformed into an easily UV-detectable azocompound; aryl selenocarbamates exhibited 64-80% inhibition at 0.71 mM concentration. It has also been demonstrated that selenoxo compounds can behave as excellent glutathione peroxidase mimics; thus a 0.05 molar equiv. of the title compounds catalyzed efficiently the H₂O₂-mediated oxidation of dithiothreitol into the corresponding cyclic disulfide, mimicking removal of H₂O₂ exerted by glutathione peroxidase; t(1/2) values were found to be quite low for aryl- and sugar-derived selenoureas (2.0-12.7 min).
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Affiliation(s)
- Penélope Merino-Montiel
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Apartado 1203, E-41071 Seville, Spain
| | - Susana Maza
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Apartado 1203, E-41071 Seville, Spain
| | - Sergio Martos
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Apartado 1203, E-41071 Seville, Spain
| | - Óscar López
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Apartado 1203, E-41071 Seville, Spain.
| | - Inés Maya
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Apartado 1203, E-41071 Seville, Spain
| | - José G Fernández-Bolaños
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Apartado 1203, E-41071 Seville, Spain.
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Induction of apoptosis by ethanolic extract of Corchorus olitorius leaf in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells via a mitochondria-dependent pathway. Molecules 2012; 17:9348-60. [PMID: 22864242 PMCID: PMC6268878 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17089348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2012] [Revised: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Corchorus olitorius L.,is a culinary and medicinal herb, widely used as a vegetable in several countries in Asia. Many studies have shown that C. olitorius contains several antioxidants and exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activities in various in vitro and in vivo settings. Recently, C. olitorius has been approved for its antitumor activity; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of ethanol extract of C. olitorius (ECO) on the growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells and gain some insights into the underlying mechanisms of its action. We found that HepG2 cells, treated with ECO for 24 h at a concentration higher than 12.5 μg/mL, displayed a strong reduction in cell viability, whereas normal FL83B hepatocytes were not affected. DNA fragmentation and nuclear condensation were evidenced by the increased subG1 population of ECO-treated HepG2 cells. ECO triggered the activation of procaspases-3 and -9 and caused the cleavage of downstream substrate, poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP), followed by down-regulation of the inhibitor of caspase-activated DNase (ICAD) signaling. Moreover, the increased release of cytochrome c from mitochondria with decreased membrane potential demonstrated the apoptosis induced through the caspases cascade. Our findings indicated that ECO might be effective against hepatocellular carcinoma through induction of apoptosis via mitochondria-dependent pathway.
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High-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry for simultaneous determination of four dicaffeoylquinic acids in rat plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 903:177-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2012] [Revised: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 07/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Lee SJ, Hwang CR, Kang JR, Shin JH, Kang MJ, Sung NJ. Anti-Obesity Effect of Red Garlic Composites in Rats Fed a High Fat-Cholesterol Diet. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.5352/jls.2012.22.5.671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Profiling of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of dry extracts from the selected Sorbus species. Molecules 2012; 17:3093-113. [PMID: 22410419 PMCID: PMC6268858 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17033093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2012] [Revised: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant efficiency of dry extracts from inflorescences and/or leaves of seven Sorbus species was studied using four in vitro tests of SET (single electron transfer) and HAT-type (hydrogen atom transfer) mechanisms. The 70% methanol extracts and its diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water fractions were tested in parallel with the phenolic standards, e.g., caffeic acid, quercetin, BHA, BHT, and Trolox®. The SET-type activity of the extracts depended primarily on the extraction solvent. The most valuable extracts were n-butanol and ethyl acetate ones, which activity was high in the DPPH (EC50 = 3.2–5.2 μg/mL), TEAC (2.8–4.0 mmol Trolox®/g), and FRAP (9.8–13.7 mmol Fe2+/g) tests, and strongly correlated with the total phenolic levels (39.6–58.2% of gallic acid equivalents). The HPLC-PDA analysis of the extracts led to the identification of chlorogenic acid, isoquercitrin, hyperoside, rutin, quercetin 3-O-sophoroside, and sexangularetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside as the main components. Apart from flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acids, proanthocyanidins have also a significant impact on the SET-type activity. The HAT-reactivity of the extracts in the linoleic acid peroxidation test (IC50 = 36.9–228.3 μg/mL) depended more strongly on the plant tissue than on the extraction solvent, and its correlation with the phenolic content was weak. Both SET and HAT-type activity of the most potent Sorbus extracts was comparable with the activity of the standards, indicating their great potential as effective sources for health products.
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Seo SJ, Han MR, Lee YS. Antioxidant and Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition Activities of Cynomorium songaricum Extracts. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.3746/jfn.2011.16.4.307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Olszewska MA, Kwapisz A. Metabolite profiling and antioxidant activity of Prunus padus L. flowers and leaves. Nat Prod Res 2011; 25:1115-31. [PMID: 21347973 DOI: 10.1080/14786410903230359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Six phenolics were obtained from the leaves of Prunus padus by activity-guided isolation: isorhamnetin 3-O-β-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-galactopyranoside (1), astragalin (2), hyperoside (3), quercetin 3-O-β-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-galactopyranoside (4), quercetin 3-O-β-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-glucopyranoside (5) and chlorogenic acid (6). The antioxidant potential of 70% methanolic extracts from the flowers and leaves collected over the growing season was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and 2,2′-azobis-(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-induced linoleic acid (LA) peroxidation tests in relation to the contents of the isolates 1-6, total phenolics, total proanthocyanidins and total quercetin. The IC₅₀ values were expressed in gram dry weight per gram of DPPH or LA, respectively, and were in the range of 1.42-2.42 for the DPPH test and 1.78-4.92 for the LA peroxidation, with superior activity found for the flowers and the autumn leaves. Significant linear correlation of these values to the sum of proanthocyanidins and compounds 1-6 (R² > 0.87) showed that the listed phenolics are synergists of the tested activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika A Olszewska
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Łódź, ul. Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Łódź, Poland.
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Azuma K, Minami Y, Ippoushi K, Terao J. Lowering effects of onion intake on oxidative stress biomarkers in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2011; 40:131-40. [PMID: 18188415 PMCID: PMC2127222 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.40.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2006] [Accepted: 10/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The protective effect of onion against oxidative stress in streptozotosin-induced diabetic rats was investigated in comparison with that of quercetin aglycone. We measured oxidative stress biomarkers involving the susceptibility of the plasma against copper ion-induced lipid peroxidation, which was estimated by the amounts of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and cholesteryl ester hydroperoxides, and urine TBARS and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine contents. After the 12-week feeding period, plasma glucose levels and these biomarkers increased in diabetic rats compared to normal rats. In diabetic rats fed a 6.0% onion diet (quercetin equivalent: 0.023%), quercetin metabolites accumulated in the plasma at concentrations of approximately 35 microM. Onion intake decreased plasma glucose levels and lowered the oxidative stress biomarkers. On the other hand, quercetin metabolites in the plasma of rats fed a diet with 0.023% quercetin aglycone were found at lower concentrations (14.2 microM) than the rats fed the onion diet. Furthermore, oxidative stress biomarkers were higher in the quercetin diet group compared to the onion diet group. These results strongly suggest that onion intake suppresses diabetes-induced oxidative stress more effectively than the intake of the same amount of quercetin aglycone alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Azuma
- National Institute of Vegetable and Tea Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 360, Kusawa, Ano-cho, Tsu, Mie 514-2392, Japan
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Benor S, Fuchs J, Blattner FR. Genome size variation in Corchorus olitorius (Malvaceae s.l.) and its correlation with elevation and phenotypic traits. Genome 2011; 54:575-85. [PMID: 21745142 DOI: 10.1139/g11-021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we report genome size variations in Corchorus olitorius L. (Malvaceae s.l.), a crop species known for its morphological plasticity and broad geographical distribution, and Corchorus capsularis L., the second widely cultivated species in the genus. Flow cytometric analyses were conducted with several tissues and nuclei isolation buffers using 69 accessions of C. olitorius and 4 accessions of C. capsularis, representing different habitats and geographical origins. The mean 2C nuclear DNA content (± SD) of C. olitorius was estimated to be 0.918 ± 0.011 pg, with a minimum of 0.882 ± 0.004 pg, and a maximum of 0.942 ± 0.004 pg. All studied plant materials were found to be diploid with 2n = 14. The genome size is negatively correlated with days to flowering (r = -0.29, p < 0.05) and positively with seed surface area (r = 0.38, p < 0.05). Moreover, a statistically significant positive correlation was detected between genome size and growing elevation (r = 0.59, p < 0.001) in wild populations. The mean 2C nuclear DNA content of C. capsularis was estimated to be 0.802 ± 0.008 pg. In comparison to other economically important crop species, the genome sizes of C. olitorius and C. capsularis are much smaller, and therewith closer to that of rice. The relatively small genome sizes will be of general advantage for any efforts into genomics or sequencing approaches of these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon Benor
- Taxonomy and Evolutionary Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Research (IPK), Gatersleben, Germany.
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Fiamegos YC, Kastritis PL, Exarchou V, Han H, Bonvin AMJJ, Vervoort J, Lewis K, Hamblin MR, Tegos GP. Antimicrobial and efflux pump inhibitory activity of caffeoylquinic acids from Artemisia absinthium against gram-positive pathogenic bacteria. PLoS One 2011; 6:e18127. [PMID: 21483731 PMCID: PMC3070693 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2010] [Accepted: 02/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Traditional antibiotics are increasingly suffering from the emergence of multidrug resistance amongst pathogenic bacteria leading to a range of novel approaches to control microbial infections being investigated as potential alternative treatments. One plausible antimicrobial alternative could be the combination of conventional antimicrobial agents/antibiotics with small molecules which block multidrug efflux systems known as efflux pump inhibitors. Bioassay-driven purification and structural determination of compounds from plant sources have yielded a number of pump inhibitors which acted against gram positive bacteria. Methodology/Principal Findings In this study we report the identification and characterization of 4′,5′-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid (4′,5′-ODCQA) from Artemisia absinthium as a pump inhibitor with a potential of targeting efflux systems in a wide panel of Gram-positive human pathogenic bacteria. Separation and identification of phenolic compounds (chlorogenic acid, 3′,5′-ODCQA, 4′,5′-ODCQA) was based on hyphenated chromatographic techniques such as liquid chromatography with post column solid-phase extraction coupled with nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectroscopy. Microbial susceptibility testing and potentiation of well know pump substrates revealed at least two active compounds; chlorogenic acid with weak antimicrobial activity and 4′,5′-ODCQA with pump inhibitory activity whereas 3′,5′-ODCQA was ineffective. These intitial findings were further validated with checkerboard, berberine accumulation efflux assays using efflux-related phenotypes and clinical isolates as well as molecular modeling methodology. Conclusions/Significance These techniques facilitated the direct analysis of the active components from plant extracts, as well as dramatically reduced the time needed to analyze the compounds, without the need for prior isolation. The calculated energetics of the docking poses supported the biological information for the inhibitory capabilities of 4′,5′-ODCQA and furthermore contributed evidence that CQAs show a preferential binding to Major Facilitator Super family efflux systems, a key multidrug resistance determinant in gram-positive bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiannis C. Fiamegos
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Panagiotis L. Kastritis
- Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Science Faculty, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Haley Han
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Alexandre M. J. J. Bonvin
- Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Science Faculty, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jacques Vervoort
- Wageningen NMR Center, Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kim Lewis
- Department of Biology and Antimicrobial Drug Discovery Center, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - George P. Tegos
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Kim MS, Kim KH, Jo JE, Choi JJ, Kim YJ, Kim JH, Jang SA, Yook HS. Antioxidative and Antimicrobial Activities of Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus Hara Extracts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.3746/jkfn.2011.40.1.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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85
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Assessment of the content of phenolics and antioxidant action of inflorescences and leaves of selected species from the genus Sorbus sensu stricto. Molecules 2010; 15:8769-83. [PMID: 21127463 PMCID: PMC6259135 DOI: 10.3390/molecules15128769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2010] [Revised: 11/26/2010] [Accepted: 11/30/2010] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to find new sources of natural antioxidants, the antioxidant potential of 70% methanolic extracts from the inflorescences and leaves of 16 species from the genus Sorbus s.s. was evaluated using two complementary invitro test systems: the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical-scavenging assay and the AAPH [2,2′-azobis-(2-amidinopropane)dihydrochloride]-induced linoleic acid (LA) peroxidation test. The radical-scavenging capacities of the extracts towards the DPPH radical were in the range of 0.25−0.86 millimolar Trolox® equivalents/g dry weight. They were significantly correlated (r = -0.8089, p < 0.001) with the results of the LA-peroxidation test, indicating the Sorbus extracts to be universal antioxidants. Significant linear correlations were also found between the different antioxidant potentials and total phenolic contents as estimated by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and further verified by serial determinations of proanthocyanidins, chlorogenic acid isomers and flavonoids (|r| in the range of 0.71−0.95, p < 0.001). Cluster analysis of the data matrix identified the ten samples (inflorescences of S. aucuparia, S. pohuashanensis, S. decora, S. koehneana, S. commixta, S. gracilis, and S. sitchensis, and the leaves of S. wilfordii, S. pogonopetala, and S. gracilis) exhibiting the highest antioxidant activity and total phenolic levels and therefore the greatest potential as effective sources for natural health products.
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86
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Park KT, Kim JS, Jo BS, An BJ, Chun SS, Kim JH, Cho YJ. Isolation and Identification of Inhibitory Compounds on Helicobacter pylori from Rosa multiflora Thunberg Fruit Extracts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.5352/jls.2010.20.10.1511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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87
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Lee SJ, Sung DM, Shin JH, Sung NJ. Effects of Functional Extracts Made from Fermented Plants on Serum Glucose and Lipids Level in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.3746/jfn.2010.15.3.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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88
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Im SE, Yoon H, Nam TG, Heo HJ, Lee CY, Kim DO. Antineurodegenerative effect of phenolic extracts and caffeic acid derivatives in romaine lettuce on neuron-like PC-12 cells. J Med Food 2010; 13:779-84. [PMID: 20553182 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2009.1204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, romaine lettuce has been one of the fastest growing vegetables with respect to its consumption and production. An understanding is needed of the effect of major phenolic phytochemicals from romaine lettuce on biological protection for neuron-like PC-12 cells. Phenolics in fresh romaine lettuce were extracted, and then its total phenolics and total antioxidant capacity were measured spectrophotometrically. Neuroprotective effects of phenolic extract of romaine lettuce and its pure caffeic acid derivatives (caffeic, chicoric, chlorogenic, and isochlorogenic acids) in PC-12 cells were evaluated using two different in vitro methods: lactate dehydrogenase release and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide reduction assays. Total phenolics and total antioxidant capacity of 100 g of fresh romaine lettuce averaged 22.7 mg of gallic acid equivalents and 31.0 mg of vitamin C equivalents, respectively. The phenolic extract of romaine lettuce protected PC-12 cells against oxidative stress caused by H(2)O(2) in a dose-dependent manner. Isochlorogenic acid, one of the phenolics in romaine lettuce, showed stronger neuroprotection than the other three caffeic acid derivatives also found in the lettuce. Although romaine lettuce had lower levels of phenolics and antioxidant capacity compared to other common vegetables, its contribution to total antioxidant capacity and antineurodegenerative effect in human diets would be higher because of higher amounts of its daily per capita consumption compared to other common vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Eun Im
- Department of Food Science and Technology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
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89
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Kang HI, Kim JY, Kwon SJ, Park KW, Kang JS, Seo KI. Antioxidative Effects of Peanut Sprout Extracts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.3746/jkfn.2010.39.7.941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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90
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Antiobesity effect of polyphenolic compounds from molokheiya (Corchorus olitorius L.) leaves in LDL receptor-deficient mice. Eur J Nutr 2010; 50:127-33. [PMID: 20617439 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-010-0122-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2010] [Accepted: 06/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary supplementation with polyphenolic compounds is associated with reduced diet-induced obesity and metabolic disorders in humans. The antioxidative properties of polyphenolic compounds contribute to their antiobesity effect in animal experiments and human studies. AIM The aim of the study was to investigate the antiobesity effect of polyphenolic compounds from molokheiya leaves in LDLR-/- mice fed high-fat diet and to elucidate the mechanism of this effect. METHODS Three groups of LDLR-/- mice were fed with a high-fat diet, supplemented with 0% (control), 1 or 3% molokheiya leaf powder (MLP). Gene expression in the liver associated with lipid and glucose metabolism was analyzed, and physical parameters and blood biochemistry were determined. RESULTS Compared to controls, mice body weight gain (P = 0.003), liver weight (P = 0.001) and liver triglyceride levels (P = 0.005) were significantly lower in the two MLP groups. Epididymal adipose tissue weight (P = 0.003) was reduced in the 3% MLP group. Liver tissue gene expression of gp91phox (NOX2), involved in oxidative stress, was significantly down-regulated (P = 0.005), and PPARα and CPT1A, related to the activation of β-oxidation, were significantly up-regulated (P = 0.025 and 0.006, respectively) in the 3% MLP group compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate an antiobesity effect of polyphenolic compounds from molokheiya leaves and that this effect is associated with reduction in oxidative stress and enhancement of β-oxidation in the liver. Consumption of molokheiya leaves may be beneficial for preventing diet-induced obesity.
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91
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Parker IM, López I, Petersen JJ, Anaya N, Cubilla-Rios L, Potter D. Domestication Syndrome in Caimito (Chrysophyllum cainito L.): Fruit and Seed Characteristics. ECONOMIC BOTANY 2010; 64:161-175. [PMID: 20543881 PMCID: PMC2882042 DOI: 10.1007/s12231-010-9121-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2009] [Accepted: 05/04/2010] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Domestication Syndrome in Caimito (Chrysophyllum cainitoL.): Fruit and Seed Characteristics: The process of domestication is understudied and poorly known for many tropical fruit tree crops. The star apple or caimito tree (Chrysophyllum cainito L., Sapotaceae) is cultivated throughout the New World tropics for its edible fruits. We studied this species in central Panama, where it grows wild in tropical moist forests and is also commonly cultivated in backyard gardens. Using fruits collected over two harvest seasons, we tested the hypothesis that cultivated individuals of C. cainito show distinctive fruit and seed characteristics associated with domestication relative to wild types. We found that cultivated fruits were significantly and substantially larger and allocated more to pulp and less to exocarp than wild fruits. The pulp of cultivated fruits was less acidic; also, the pulp had lower concentrations of phenolics and higher concentrations of sugar. The seeds were larger and more numerous and were less defended with phenolics in cultivated than in wild fruits. Discriminant Analysis showed that, among the many significant differences, fruit size and sugar concentration drove the great majority of the variance distinguishing wild from cultivated classes. Variance of pulp phenolics among individuals was significantly higher among wild trees than among cultivated trees, while variance of fruit mass and seed number was significantly higher among cultivated trees. Most traits showed strong correlations between years. Overall, we found a clear signature of a domestication syndrome in the fruits of cultivated caimito in Panama.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid M. Parker
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA USA
| | - Isis López
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Gamboa, Panamá, República de Panamá
| | | | - Natalia Anaya
- Laboratorio de Bioorganica Tropical, Universidad de Panamá, Panamá, República de Panamá
| | - Luis Cubilla-Rios
- Laboratorio de Bioorganica Tropical, Universidad de Panamá, Panamá, República de Panamá
| | - Daniel Potter
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA USA
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92
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Arsenic-induced myocardial injury: Protective role of Corchorus olitorius leaves. Food Chem Toxicol 2010; 48:1210-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2009] [Revised: 01/22/2010] [Accepted: 02/09/2010] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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93
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Das AK, Dewanjee S, Sahu R, Dua TK, Gangopadhyay M, Sinha MK. Protective effect of Corchorus olitorius leaves against arsenic-induced oxidative stress in rat brain. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2010; 29:64-69. [PMID: 21787584 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2009.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2009] [Revised: 10/20/2009] [Accepted: 10/26/2009] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the protective effect of an aqueous extract of Corchorus olitorius leaves (AECO) against NaAsO(2) induced brain toxicity in experimental rats. The animals exposed to NaAsO(2) (10mg/kg, p.o.) for 10 days exhibited a significant inhibition (p<0.01) of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and reduced glutathione levels in rat brain. In addition, the toxin increased (p<0.01) the levels of oxidized glutathione and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in the brain tissue of experimental rats. Treatment with AECO (50 and 100mg/kg, p.o.) for 15 days prior to arsenic intoxication significantly improved antioxidant markers in a dose dependant manner. Histological studies on the ultrastructural changes of brain tissue supported the protective activity of the AECO. The results suggest that treatment with AECO prior to arsenic intoxication has a significant role in protecting animals from arsenic-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup K Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Assam, India
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Das AK, Bag S, Sahu R, Dua TK, Sinha MK, Gangopadhyay M, Zaman K, Dewanjee S. Protective effect of Corchorus olitorius leaves on sodium arsenite-induced toxicity in experimental rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2009; 48:326-35. [PMID: 19852998 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2009.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2009] [Revised: 10/08/2009] [Accepted: 10/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the protective effect of aqueous extract of Corchorus olitorius leaves (AECO) against sodium arsenite-induced toxicity in experimental rats. The animals exposed to sodium arsenite at a dose of 10mg/kg body weight p.o. for 10days exhibited a significant inhibition (p<0.01) of hepatic and renal antioxidant enzymes namely superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase. In addition, arsenic intoxication significantly decreased (p<0.01) the level of reduced glutathione and increased (p<0.01) the levels of oxidized glutathione and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in selected tissues. Treatment with AECO at doses of 50 and 100mg/kg body weight p.o. for 15days prior to arsenic intoxication significantly improved hepatic and renal antioxidant markers in a dose dependant manner. AECO treatment also significantly reduced the arsenic-induced DNA fragmentation of hepatic and renal tissues. Histological studies on the ultrastructural changes of liver and kidney supported the protective activity of the AECO. The results concluded that the treatment with AECO prior to arsenic intoxication has significant role in protecting animals from arsenic-induced hepatic and renal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup K Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Assam, India
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95
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Ezz El-Arab AM. A diet rich in leafy vegetable fiber improves cholesterol metabolism in high-cholesterol fed rats. Pak J Biol Sci 2009; 12:1299-1306. [PMID: 20387744 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2009.1299.1306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the hypocholesterolemic effect of leaf vegetable (Jew's mallow) was studied in high-cholesterol fed rats. The animals were fed diets supplemented with cholesterol (0.25%) for 4 weeks. Leaf vegetable diet produced an important hypocholesterolemic action: it led to a significant lowering (p<0.05) of cholesterol in the plasma and liver, as well as of the atherogenic index and a significant increase (p<0.05) in cecal short chain fatty acids, with respect to the control group. Concurrently, total fecal neutral sterols in the excretion increased (p<0.05) and apparent absorption of dietary cholesterol was significantly depressed (-58%). The consumption of leaf vegetable (Jew's mallow) with a hypercholesterolemic diet improved the lipidemic profile and increased excretion of the total cholesterol end-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Ezz El-Arab
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Research Center, P.O. Box 12311, Giza, Egypt
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Phuwapraisirisan P, Puksasook T, Kokpol U, Suwanborirux K. Corchorusides A and B, new flavonol glycosides as α-glucosidase inhibitors from the leaves of Corchorus olitorius. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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97
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Kim SM, Kim EJ. Development of Chicken Breast Noodles Adding Rubus coreanum Miquel and Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.3746/jkfn.2009.38.8.1111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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98
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Purification and Identification of Phenol Compounds with Inhibitory Activity on Helicobacter pylori from Rhododendron mucronulatum Flos. Extracts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.5352/jls.2009.19.8.1125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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99
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In-vitro antioxidant activities of an ethanolic extract of the oyster mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2008.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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100
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