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Vlaminck L, Sang-Aram C, Botterman D, Uy CJC, Harper MK, Inzé D, Gheysen G, Depuydt S. Development of a novel and rapid phenotype-based screening method to assess rice seedling growth. PLANT METHODS 2020; 16:139. [PMID: 33072175 PMCID: PMC7560306 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-020-00682-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the most important model crops in plant research. Despite its considerable advantages, (phenotypic) bioassays for rice are not as well developed as for Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, we present a phenotype-based screening method to study shoot-related parameters of rice seedlings via an automated computer analysis. RESULTS The phenotype-based screening method was validated by testing several compounds in pharmacological experiments that interfered with hormone homeostasis, confirming that the assay was consistent with regard to the anticipated plant growth regulation and revealing the robustness of the set-up in terms of reproducibility. Moreover, abiotic stress tests using NaCl and DCMU, an electron transport blocker during the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis, confirmed the validity of the new method for a wide range of applications. Next, this method was used to screen the impact of semi-purified fractions of marine invertebrates on the initial stages of rice seedling growth. Certain fractions clearly stimulated growth, whereas others inhibited it, especially in the root, illustrating the possible applications of this novel, robust, and fast phenotype-based screening method for rice. CONCLUSIONS The validated phenotype-based and cost-efficient screening method allows a quick and proper analysis of shoot growth and requires only small volumes of compounds and media. As a result, this method could potentially be used for a whole range of applications, ranging from discovery of novel biostimulants, plant growth regulators, and plant growth-promoting bacteria to analysis of CRISPR knockouts, molecular plant breeding, genome-wide association, and phytotoxicity studies. The assay system described here can contribute to a better understanding of plant development in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Vlaminck
- Present Address: Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Plant Growth Analysis, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, 21985 South Korea
| | - Chananchida Sang-Aram
- Present Address: Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Plant Growth Analysis, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, 21985 South Korea
| | - Deborah Botterman
- Laboratory of Plant Growth Analysis, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, 21985 South Korea
| | - Christine Jewel C. Uy
- Laboratory of Plant Growth Analysis, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, 21985 South Korea
| | - Mary Kay Harper
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA
| | - Dirk Inzé
- Present Address: Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Stephen Depuydt
- Present Address: Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Plant Growth Analysis, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, 21985 South Korea
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Fan T, Yang W, Zeng X, Xu X, Xu Y, Fan X, Luo M, Tian C, Xia K, Zhang M. A Rice Autophagy Gene OsATG8b Is Involved in Nitrogen Remobilization and Control of Grain Quality. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:588. [PMID: 32582228 PMCID: PMC7287119 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing nitrogen (N) use efficiency is a potential way to reduce excessive nitrogen application and increase yield. Autophagy is a conserved degradation system in the evolution of eukaryotic cells and plays an important role in plant development and stress response. Autophagic cores have two conjugation pathways that attach the product of autophagy-related gene 8 (ATG8) to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and ATG5 to ATG12, respectively, which then help with vesicle elongation and enclosure. Rice has six ATG8 genes, which have not been functionally confirmed so far. We identified the rice gene OsATG8b and characterized its role in N remobilization to affect grain quality by generating transgenic plants with its over-expression and knockdown. Our study confirmed the autophagy activity of OsATG8b through the complementation of the yeast autophagy-defective mutant scatg8 and by observation of autophagosome formation in rice. The autophagy activity is higher in OsATG8b-OE lines and lower in OsATG8b-RNAi than that in wild type (ZH11). 15N pulse-chase analysis revealed that OsATG8b-OE plants conferred higher N recycling efficiency to grains, while OsATG8b-RNAi transgenic plants exhibited lower N recycling efficiency and poorer grain quality. The autophagic role of OsATG8b was experimentally confirmed, and it was concluded that OsATG8b-mediated autophagy is involved in N recycling to grains and contributes to the grain quality, indicating that OsATG8b may be a potential gene for molecular breeding and cultivation of rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Fan
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
- Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wu Yang
- Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Zeng
- Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinlan Xu
- Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanling Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaorong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Luo
- Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changen Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kuaifei Xia
- Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingyong Zhang
- Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Mingyong Zhang,
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53
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Hu X, Cui Y, Dong G, Feng A, Wang D, Zhao C, Zhang Y, Hu J, Zeng D, Guo L, Qian Q. Using CRISPR-Cas9 to generate semi-dwarf rice lines in elite landraces. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19096. [PMID: 31836812 PMCID: PMC6910903 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55757-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic erosion refers to the loss of genetic variation in a crop. In China, only a few original landraces of rice (Oryza sativa) were used in breeding and these became the primary genetic background of modern varieties. Expanding the genetic diversity among Chinese rice varieties and cultivating high-yielding and high-quality varieties with resistance to different biotic and abiotic stresses is critical. Here, we used the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein9(Cas9) genome editing system to edit Semi-Dwarf1 (SD1) in the elite landraces Kasalath and TeTePu (TTP), which contain many desired agronomic traits such as tolerance to low phosphorous and broad-spectrum resistance to several diseases and insects. Mutations of SD1 confer shorter plant height for better resistance to lodging. Field trials demonstrated that the yield of the new Kasalath and TTP mutant lines was better than that of the wild type under modern cultivation and that the lines maintained the same desirable agronomic characteristics as their wild-type progenitors. Our results showed that breeding using available landraces in combination with genomic data of different landraces and gene-editing techniques is an effective way to relieve genetic erosion in modern rice varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingming Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Yongtao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Guojun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Anhui Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Danying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Chunyan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Jiang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Dali Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Longbiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Qian Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
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Desmet S, De Keyser E, Van Vaerenbergh J, Baeyen S, Van Huylenbroeck J, Geelen D, Dhooghe E. Differential efficiency of wild type rhizogenic strains for rol gene transformation of plants. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:6657-6672. [PMID: 31273398 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10003-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Rhizogenic agrobacteria induce extensive root proliferation, in several economically valuable, dicotyledonous plant species, a phenomenon referred to as "hairy roots." Besides their pathogenic nature, agrobacteria have proven to be a valuable asset in biotechnology and molecular plant breeding. To assess the potential of frequently used rhizogenic strains, growth in yeast extract glucose broth and antibiotic resistance was analyzed. Growth curves were established for Arqua1, NCPPB2659, LMG150, LMG152, and ATCC15834; and regression analysis of the exponential growth phase resulted in a reliable and standardized method for preparation of a bacterial suspension for inoculation. Cell density did not correlate with the timing of hairy root emergence. The highest number of hairy roots was obtained with an inoculum of 1 × 108 CFU ml-1 for Arqua1, NCPPB2659, and LMG152. Cell density of ATCC15834 did not affect the number of hairy roots formed. The identity of the rhizogenic strains for plant transformation was verified in phylogenetic analysis using average nucleotide identity (ANI), which also provided insight in their genetic diversity within the Rhizobium taxon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siel Desmet
- Flanders Research Institute for Agricultural, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Plant Sciences Unit, Caritasstraat 39, 9090, Melle, Belgium. .,Department Plant and Crop, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Ellen De Keyser
- Flanders Research Institute for Agricultural, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Plant Sciences Unit, Caritasstraat 39, 9090, Melle, Belgium
| | - Johan Van Vaerenbergh
- Flanders Research Institute for Agricultural, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Plant Sciences Unit, Caritasstraat 39, 9090, Melle, Belgium
| | - Steve Baeyen
- Flanders Research Institute for Agricultural, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Plant Sciences Unit, Caritasstraat 39, 9090, Melle, Belgium
| | - Johan Van Huylenbroeck
- Flanders Research Institute for Agricultural, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Plant Sciences Unit, Caritasstraat 39, 9090, Melle, Belgium
| | - Danny Geelen
- Department Plant and Crop, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Emmy Dhooghe
- Flanders Research Institute for Agricultural, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Plant Sciences Unit, Caritasstraat 39, 9090, Melle, Belgium
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55
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Huang W, Nie H, Feng F, Wang J, Lu K, Fang Z. Altered expression of OsNPF7.1 and OsNPF7.4 differentially regulates tillering and grain yield in rice. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 283:23-31. [PMID: 31128693 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The rice nitrate and di/tripeptide transporter (NPF) gene family plays an indispensable role in nitrogen transport and plant growth. In this study, 18 alternatively spliced OsNPF genes with 36 different forms of mRNAs were identified, and two of these, namely OsNPF7.1 and OsNPF7.4, showed opposite expression patterns in axillary buds under different nitrogen concentrations. Our results indicate that the expression levels of OsNPF7.1 and OsNPF7.4 determine the axillary bud outgrowth, especially for the second bud, and subsequently influence the tiller number in rice. The overexpression of either of the variants of OsNPF7.1 or the knockout of OsNPF7.4 increased the seedling biomass as well as the tiller number, filled grain number, and grain yield in rice. However, the RNAi-mediated silencing of OsNPF7.1 or the overexpression of either of the variants of OsNPF7.4 had an opposite effect. The overexpression of OsNPF7.1 or OsNPF7.4 could improve the uptake of nitrate, but the OsNPF7.4-overexpressing plants had lower biomass. It is possible that excessive nitrate in the OsNPF7.4-overexpressing plants led to the accumulation of amino acids in the leaf sheath, which inhibited seedling biomass. In addition, the reduced reutilization of nitrate in the seedlings also limited the plant biomass. However, the moderate increase in nitrate and amino acid concentrations in the OsNPF7.1-overexpressing plants could promote seedling biomass and enhance grain yield. In conclusion, our data suggest that different members in the NPF family have different roles in rice, and this study suggests an alternative way to modify rice architecture and enhance grain yield by regulating the expression of OsNPF7.1 and OsNPF7.4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiting Huang
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Viral Vector, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan 430415, China
| | - Haipeng Nie
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Viral Vector, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan 430415, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Fei Feng
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Viral Vector, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan 430415, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Viral Vector, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan 430415, China
| | - Kai Lu
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Viral Vector, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan 430415, China
| | - Zhongming Fang
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Viral Vector, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan 430415, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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56
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Mohammed S, Samad AA, Rahmat Z. Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation of Rice: Constraints and Possible Solutions. RICE SCIENCE 2019; 26:133-146. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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57
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Liu X, Wang J, Yu Y, Kong L, Liu Y, Liu Z, Li H, Wei P, Liu M, Zhou H, Bu Q, Fang J. Identification and characterization of the rice pre-harvest sprouting mutants involved in molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 222:275-285. [PMID: 30471121 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In cereal crops, ABA deficiency during seed maturation phase causes pre-harvest sprouting (PHS), and molybdenum cofactor (MoCo) is required for ABA biosynthesis. Here, two rice PHS mutants F254 and F5-1 were characterized. In addition to the PHS, these mutants showed pleiotropic phenotypes such as twisting and slender leaves, and then died when the seedling developed to four or five leaves. Map-based cloning showed that OsCNX6 and OsCNX1 encoding homologs of MoaE and MoeA were responsible for F254 and F5-1 mutants, respectively. Genetic complementation indicated that OsCNX6 not only rescued the PHS and seedling lethal phenotype of the cnx6 mutant, but also recovered the MoCo-dependent enzyme activities such as xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH), aldehyde oxidase (AO), nitrate reductase (NR) and sulfite oxidase (SO). Expression pattern showed that OsCNX6 was richly expressed in seed during embryo maturation by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR and RNA in situ hybridization. Furthermore, the OsCNX6 overexpression plants can significantly enhance the MoCo-dependent enzyme activities, and improved the osmotic and salt stress tolerance without unfavorable phenotypes. Collectively, these data indicated that OsCNX6 participated in MoCo biosynthesis, and is essential for rice development, especially for seed dormancy and germination, and OsCNX6 could be an effective target for improving abiotic stress tolerance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Lina Kong
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yimei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhiqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Hongyu Li
- College of Agricultural Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Piwei Wei
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Yibin, 644005, China
| | - Minglong Liu
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Hai Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qingyun Bu
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jun Fang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
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58
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Zhao Y, Peng T, Sun H, Teotia S, Wen H, Du Y, Zhang J, Li J, Tang G, Xue H, Zhao Q. miR1432-OsACOT (Acyl-CoA thioesterase) module determines grain yield via enhancing grain filling rate in rice. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2019; 17:712-723. [PMID: 30183128 PMCID: PMC6419572 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Rice grain filling rate contributes largely to grain productivity and accumulation of nutrients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of development and physiology in plants and become a novel key target for engineering grain size and crop yield. However, there is little studies, so far, showing the miRNA regulation of grain filling and rice yield, in consequence. Here, we show that suppressed expression of rice miR1432 (STTM1432) significantly improves grain weight by enhancing grain filling rate and leads to an increase in overall grain yield up to 17.14% in a field trial. Molecular analysis identified rice Acyl-CoA thioesterase (OsACOT), which is conserved with ACOT13 in other species, as a major target of miR1432 by cleavage. Moreover, overexpression of miR1432-resistant form of OsACOT (OXmACOT) resembled the STTM1432 plants, that is, a large margin of an increase in grain weight up to 46.69% through improving the grain filling rate. Further study indicated that OsACOT was involved in biosynthesis of medium-chain fatty acids. In addition, RNA-seq based transcriptomic analyses of transgenic plants with altered expression of miR1432 demonstrated that downstream genes of miR1432-regulated network are involved in fatty acid metabolism and phytohormones biosynthesis and also overlap with the enrichment analysis of co-expressed genes of OsACOT, which is consistent with the increased levels of auxin and abscisic acid in STTM1432 and OXmACOT plants. Overall, miR1432-OsACOT module plays an important role in grain filling in rice, illustrating its capacity for engineering yield improvement in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya‐Fan Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology in Henan ProvinceHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Ting Peng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology in Henan ProvinceHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Hong‐Zheng Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology in Henan ProvinceHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Sachin Teotia
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology Research Center (BRC)Michigan Technological UniversityHoughtonMIUSA
| | - Hui‐Li Wen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology in Henan ProvinceHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Yan‐Xiu Du
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology in Henan ProvinceHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Jing Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology in Henan ProvinceHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Jun‐Zhou Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology in Henan ProvinceHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Gui‐Liang Tang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology Research Center (BRC)Michigan Technological UniversityHoughtonMIUSA
| | - Hong‐Wei Xue
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)ShanghaiChina
| | - Quan‐Zhi Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology in Henan ProvinceHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
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59
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Mukherjee R, Mukherjee A, Bandyopadhyay S, Mukherjee S, Sengupta S, Ray S, Majumder AL. Selective manipulation of the inositol metabolic pathway for induction of salt-tolerance in indica rice variety. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5358. [PMID: 30926863 PMCID: PMC6441109 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41809-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Halophytes are rich sources of salt stress tolerance genes which have often been utilized for introduction of salt-tolerance character in salt-sensitive plants. In the present study, we overexpressed PcINO1 and PcIMT1 gene(s), earlier characterized in this laboratory from wild halophytic rice Porteresia coarctata, into IR64 indica rice either singly or in combination and assessed their role in conferring salt-tolerance. Homozygous T3/T4 transgenic plants revealed that PcINO1 transformed transgenic rice lines exhibit significantly higher tolerance upto 200 mM or higher salt concentration with negligible compromise in their growth or other physiological parameters compared to the untransformed system grown without stress. The PcIMT1-lines or the double transgenic lines (DC1) having PcINO1 and PcIMT1 introgressed together, were less efficient in such respect. Comparison of inositol and/or pinitol pool in three types of transgenic plants suggests that plants whose inositol production remains uninterrupted under stress by the functional PcINO1 protein, showed normal growth as in the wild-type plants without stress. It is conceivable that inositol itself acts as a stress-ameliorator and/or as a switch for a number of other pathways important for imparting salt-tolerance. Such selective manipulation of the inositol metabolic pathway may be one of the ways to combat salt stress in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sritama Mukherjee
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India.,Department of Botany, Bethune College, Kolkata, India
| | - Sonali Sengupta
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India.,School of Plant Environment and Soil Sciences, Lousiana State University Agricultural Center, Lousiana, USA
| | - Sudipta Ray
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India.,Department of Botany, Centre of Advanced Studies, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
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Liu X, Li Z, Hou Y, Wang Y, Wang H, Tong X, Ao H, Zhang J. Protein Interactomic Analysis of SAPKs and ABA-Inducible bZIPs Revealed Key Roles of SAPK10 in Rice Flowering. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061427. [PMID: 30901838 PMCID: PMC6471077 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
As core components of ABA signaling pathway, SnRK2s (Sucrose nonfermenting1–Related protein Kinase 2) bind to and phosphorylate AREB/ABF (ABA responsive element binding protein/ABRE-binding factor) transcriptional factors, particularly bZIPs (basic region-leucine zipper), to participate in various biological processes, including flowering. Rice contains 10 SnRK2 members denoted as SAPK1-10 (Stress-Activated Protein Kinase) and dozens of bZIPs. However, which of the SAPKs and bZIPs pair and involve in ABA signaling remains largely unknown. In this study, we carried out a systematical protein-protein interactomic analysis of 10 SAPKs and 9 ABA-inducible bZIPs using yeast-two-hybrid technique, and identified 14 positive interactions. The reliability of Y2H work was verified by in vitro pull-down assay of the key flowering regulator bZIP77 with SAPK9 and SAPK10, respectively. Moreover, SAPK10 could phosphorylate bZIP77 in vitro. Over-expression of SAPK10 resulted in earlier flowering time, at least partially through regulating the FAC-MADS15 pathway. Conclusively, our results provided an overall view of the SAPK-bZIP interactions, and shed novel lights on the mechanisms of ABA-regulated rice flowering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixi Liu
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Zhiyong Li
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Yuxuan Hou
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Yifeng Wang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Huimei Wang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Xiaohong Tong
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Hejun Ao
- College of Agricultural Sciences, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
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Ni S, Li Z, Ying J, Zhang J, Chen H. Decreased Spikelets 4 Encoding a Novel Tetratricopeptide Repeat Domain-Containing Protein Is Involved in DNA Repair and Spikelet Number Determination in Rice. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10030214. [PMID: 30871267 PMCID: PMC6471630 DOI: 10.3390/genes10030214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Spikelet number per panicle is a determinative factor of rice yield. DNA repair epigenetically alters the DNA accessibility, which can eventually regulate the transcription of the target genes. However, what and how DNA repair genes are related to rice spikelet development remains unknown. Here, we report the map-based cloning of a novel spikelet number gene DES4 encoding a tetratricopeptide domain-containing protein. DES4 is a close ortholog of Arabidopsis BRU1, which is functionally related to axillary meristem development. A single base pair deletion in the last exon of DES4 caused a premature stop of the resulting protein. The des4 mutant exhibited dwarf, reduced tiller, and spikelet numbers phenotypes, as well as hypersensitivity to genotoxic stresses, suggesting its essential role in DNA repair. DES4 is predominantly expressed in young panicles and axillary meristems, and DES4 protein is localized in nucleus. A set of DNA repair genes such as cyclins, KUs (KD subunits) and recombinases were differentially regulated in des4. Meanwhile, rice spikelet number genes LAX1, LAX2, and MOC1 were significantly down-regulated in des4. In morphology, des4 showed more severe reduction of spikelet numbers than lax1, lax2, and moc1, suggesting that DES4 may work upstream of the three genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Ni
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Zongzhu Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
| | - Jiancheng Ying
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Hongqi Chen
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
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Infection of Embryonic Callus with Agrobacterium Enables High-Speed Transformation of Maize. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20020279. [PMID: 30641963 PMCID: PMC6358778 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Several approaches have recently been adopted to improve Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of maize; however, about eight months of in vitro culture are still required to isolate transgenic plants. Furthermore, genetic transformation of maize depends on immature embryos, which greatly increases costs. Here, we report a method that ensures the competency of an embryogenic callus secondary culture under laboratory conditions for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Moreover, pretreatment of the cell wall with a mixed lytic enzyme solution prior to Agrobacterium infection, significantly improved transformation efficiency and stability. Average stable transformation efficiency was approximately 30.39%, with peaks of 94.46%. Expression and phenotypic analysis of the Rsc reporter gene were tested in the T0 generation of transgenic plants. Using this system, we successfully regenerated transgenic maize plantlets within three months of the emergence of the embryogenic callus. Additionally, we reduced somaclonal variation accompanying prolonged culture of maize cells in the dedifferentiated state, thus facilitating the molecular breeding of maize.
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63
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Zhang L, Peng Y, Li J, Tian X, Chen Z. OsMGT1 Confers Resistance to Magnesium Deficiency By Enhancing the Import of Mg in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20010207. [PMID: 30626062 PMCID: PMC6337559 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) is an essential nutrient element for plant growth and plays an important role in numerous physiological and biochemical processes. Mg deficiency inhibits plant growth and has become a growing problem for crop productions in agriculture. However, the molecular mechanisms for the resistance to Mg deficiency in plants were not well understood. In this study, we identified a Mg transporter gene OsMGT1 that confers resistance to Mg deficiency in rice (Oryza sativa). The expression of OsMGT1 was highly induced by Mg deficiency in shoots. Investigation of tissue expression patterns revealed that OsMGT1 was mainly expressed in the phloem region; however, Mg deficiency remarkably enhanced its expression in xylem parenchyma and mesophyll cells in shoots. Knockout of OsMGT1 resulted in a significant reduction in Mg content and biomass when grown at Mg-limited conditions. Furthermore, the sensitivity to low-Mg in mutants was intensified by excessive calcium supply. In addition, overexpression of OsMGT1 increased Mg content and biomass under low-Mg supply. In conclusion, our results indicate that OsMGT1 plays an important role in rice Mg import and is required for the resistance to Mg deficiency, which can be utilized for molecular breeding of low-Mg tolerant plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludan Zhang
- Root Biology Center, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Yuyang Peng
- Root Biology Center, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Jian Li
- Root Biology Center, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Xinyue Tian
- College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Zhichang Chen
- Root Biology Center, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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64
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Hwang HH, Wang CH, Chen HH, Ho JF, Chi SF, Huang FC, Yen HE. Effective Agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocols for callus and roots of halophyte ice plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum). BOTANICAL STUDIES 2019; 60:1. [PMID: 30617933 PMCID: PMC6323063 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-018-0249-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ice plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L.) is a model plant for studying salt-tolerant mechanisms in higher plants. Many salt stress-responsive ice plant genes have been identified with molecular and biochemical approaches. However, no further functional characterization of these genes in host plant due to lack of easy and effective transformation protocols. RESULTS To establish efficient transformation system of ice plants, three types of ice plant materials, hypocotyl-derived callus, aseptically-grown seedlings and pot-grown juvenile plants, were used to develop Agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocols. The highest transient transformation efficiency was with 5-day-old ice plant callus co-incubated with an Agrobacterium tumefaciens at 2.5 × 109 cells mL-1 for 48 h. The 3-day-old ice plant seedlings with root tip removed were successfully infected with A. tumefaciens or A. rhizogenes, and obtained 85% and 33-100% transient transformation rates, respectively. The transient transformation assays in ice plant callus and seedlings demonstrated that the concentrations of Agrobacteria, the durations of co-incubation time, and the plant growth stages were three important factors affecting the transient transformation efficiencies. Additionally, pot-grown juvenile plants were syringe-injected with two A. rhizogenes strains A8196 and NCPPB 1855, to establish transformed roots. After infections, ice plants were grown hydroponically and showed GUS expressions in transformed roots for 8 consecutive weeks. CONCLUSIONS Our Agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocols utilized hypocotyl-derived callus and seedlings as plant materials, which can be easily obtained in large quantity. The average successful transient transformation rates were about 2.4-3.0% with callus and 33.3-100.0% with seedlings. We also developed a rapid and efficient protocol to generate transgenic roots by A. rhizogenes infections without laborious and challenging tissue culture techniques. This protocol to establish composite ice plant system demonstrates excellent improvements in efficiency, efficacy, and ease of use over previous ice plant transformation protocols. These Agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocols can be versatile and efficient tools for exploring gene functions at cellular and organ levels of ice plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hau-Hsuan Hwang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Road, Taichung, 402 Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Microbial Genomics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Advanced Plant Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hao Wang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Road, Taichung, 402 Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Huei Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Road, Taichung, 402 Taiwan
| | - Jia-Fang Ho
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Road, Taichung, 402 Taiwan
| | - Shin-Fei Chi
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Road, Taichung, 402 Taiwan
| | - Fan-Chen Huang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Road, Taichung, 402 Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Microbial Genomics, National Chung Hsing University and Academia Sinica, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hungchen Emilie Yen
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Road, Taichung, 402 Taiwan
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Tong X, Wang Y, Sun A, Bello BK, Ni S, Zhang J. Notched Belly Grain 4, a Novel Allele of Dwarf 11, Regulates Grain Shape and Seed Germination in Rice (Oryza sativa L.). Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19124069. [PMID: 30558382 PMCID: PMC6321642 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19124069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Notched belly grain (NBG) is a type of deformed grain shape that has been associated with inferior appearance and tastes in rice. NBG is coordinated by both environments and genetics. In this study, we report on the first map-based cloning of an NBG gene on chromosome 4, denoted NBG4, which is a novel allele of Dwarf 11 encoding a cytochrome P450 (CYP724B1) involved in brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis. A 10-bp deletion in the 7th exon knocked down the level of the NBG4 transcript and shifted the reading frame of the resulting protein. In addition to the dwarf and clustered panicle as previously reported in the allelic mutants, nbg4 grains also displayed retarded germination and NBG due to the physical constraint of deformed hulls caused by abnormal hull elongation. NBG4 is constitutively expressed with the highest level of expression in immature inflorescences. In all, 2294 genes were differentially expressed in nbg4 and wild-type (WT), and evidence is presented that NBG4 regulates OsPPS-2, OsPRA2, OsYUCCA1, sped1-D, and Dwarf that play critical roles in determining plant architecture, panicle development, and seed germination. This study demonstrated that NBG4 is a key node in the brassinosteroid-mediated regulation of rice grain shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Tong
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Yifeng Wang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Aiqun Sun
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Babatunde Kazeem Bello
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Shen Ni
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
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66
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Li Z, Wang Y, Bello BK, Ajadi AA, Tong X, Chang Y, Zhang J. Construction of a Quantitative Acetylomic Tissue Atlas in Rice ( Oryza sativa L.). Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23112843. [PMID: 30388832 PMCID: PMC6278296 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
PKA (protein lysine acetylation) is a key post-translational modification involved in the regulation of various biological processes in rice. So far, rice acetylome data is very limited due to the highly-dynamic pattern of protein expression and PKA modification. In this study, we performed a comprehensive quantitative acetylome profile on four typical rice tissues, i.e., the callus, root, leaf, and panicle, by using a mass spectrometry (MS)-based, label-free approach. The identification of 1536 acetylsites on 1454 acetylpeptides from 890 acetylproteins represented one of the largest acetylome datasets on rice. A total of 1445 peptides on 887 proteins were differentially acetylated, and are extensively involved in protein translation, chloroplast development, and photosynthesis, flowering and pollen fertility, and root meristem activity, indicating the important roles of PKA in rice tissue development and functions. The current study provides an overall view of the acetylation events in rice tissues, as well as clues to reveal the function of PKA proteins in physiologically-relevant tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Li
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Yifeng Wang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Babatunde Kazeem Bello
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Abolore Adijat Ajadi
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Xiaohong Tong
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Yuxiao Chang
- Agricultural Genomes Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
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67
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An JP, Yao JF, Xu RR, You CX, Wang XF, Hao YJ. An apple NAC transcription factor enhances salt stress tolerance by modulating the ethylene response. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2018; 164:279-289. [PMID: 29527680 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
It is known that ethylene signaling is involved in the regulation of the salt stress response. However, the molecular mechanism of ethylene-regulated salt stress tolerance remains largely unclear. In this study, an apple NAM ATAF CUC transcription factor, MdNAC047, was isolated and functionally characterized to be involved in ethylene-modulated salt tolerance. MdNAC047 gene was significantly induced by salt treatment and its overexpression conferred increased tolerance to salt stress and facilitated the release of ethylene. Quantitative real-time-PCR analysis demonstrated that overexpression of MdNAC047 increased the expression of ethylene-responsive genes. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay, yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase assays suggested that MdNAC047 directly binds to the MdERF3 (ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR) promoter and activates its transcription. In addition, genetic analysis assays indicated that MdNAC047 regulates ethylene production at least partially in an MdERF3-dependent pathway. Overall, we found a novel 'MdNAC047-MdERF3-ethylene-salt tolerance' regulatory pathway, which provide new insight into the link between ethylene and salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ping An
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, MOA Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Ji-Fang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, MOA Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Rui-Rui Xu
- College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Weifang University, Weifang, Shandong, 261061, China
| | - Chun-Xiang You
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, MOA Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, MOA Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Yu-Jin Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, MOA Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China
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68
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Xu C, Cheng J, Lin H, Lin C, Gao J, Shen Z. Characterization of transgenic rice expressing fusion protein Cry1Ab/Vip3A for insect resistance. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15788. [PMID: 30361672 PMCID: PMC6202352 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34104-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Management of resistance development of insect pests is of great importance for continued utilization of Bt crop. The high-dose/refuge and pyramid (gene stacking) strategy are commonly employed to delay the evolution of insect resistance. Due to the anticipated difficulty for deployment of mandatory refuge for transgenic crops in China, where the size of farmer is quite small, stacking of genes with different modes of action is a more feasible strategy. Here we report the development of transgenic rice expressing a fusion protein of Cry1Ab and Vip3A toxin. Analysis of trypsin proteolysis suggested that the fusion protein is equivalent to the combination of Cry1Ab and Vip3A protein. The transgenic plants expressing the fusion protein were found to be highly resistant to two major rice pests, Asiatic rice borer Chilo suppressalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) and rice leaf folder Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), while their agronomic performances showed no significant difference compared to the non-transgenic recipient rice. Therefore, the transgenic rice may be utilized for rice pest control in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaoyang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Gao
- College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Zhicheng Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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69
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Lu K, Wu B, Wang J, Zhu W, Nie H, Qian J, Huang W, Fang Z. Blocking amino acid transporter OsAAP3 improves grain yield by promoting outgrowth buds and increasing tiller number in rice. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2018; 16:1710-1722. [PMID: 29479779 PMCID: PMC6131477 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Amino acid transporters (AATs) play indispensable roles in nutrient allocation during plant development. In this study, we demonstrated that inhibiting expression of the rice amino acid transporter OsAAP3 increased grain yield due to a formation of larger numbers of tillers as a result of increased bud outgrowth. Elevated expression of OsAAP3 in transgenic plants resulted in significantly higher amino acid concentrations of Lys, Arg, His, Asp, Ala, Gln, Gly, Thr and Tyr, and inhibited bud outgrowth and rice tillering. However, RNAi of OsAAP3 decreased significantly Arg, Lys, Asp and Thr concentrations to a small extent, and thus promoted bud outgrowth, increased significantly tiller numbers and effective panicle numbers per plant, and further enhanced significantly grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). The promoter sequences of OsAAP3 showed some divergence between Japonica and Indica rice, and expression of the gene was higher in Japonica, which produced fewer tillers than Indica. We generated knockout lines of OsAAP3 on Japonica ZH11 and KY131 using CRISPR technology and found that grain yield could be increased significantly. These results suggest that manipulation of OsAAP3 expression could be used to increase grain yield in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Lu
- Center of Applied BiotechnologyWuhan Institute of BioengineeringWuhanChina
| | - Bowen Wu
- Center of Applied BiotechnologyWuhan Institute of BioengineeringWuhanChina
| | - Jie Wang
- Center of Applied BiotechnologyWuhan Institute of BioengineeringWuhanChina
| | - Wei Zhu
- Center of Applied BiotechnologyWuhan Institute of BioengineeringWuhanChina
| | - Haipeng Nie
- Center of Applied BiotechnologyWuhan Institute of BioengineeringWuhanChina
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementCollege of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Junjie Qian
- Center of Applied BiotechnologyWuhan Institute of BioengineeringWuhanChina
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementCollege of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Weiting Huang
- Center of Applied BiotechnologyWuhan Institute of BioengineeringWuhanChina
| | - Zhongming Fang
- Center of Applied BiotechnologyWuhan Institute of BioengineeringWuhanChina
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementCollege of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
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70
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Ahmed RI, Ding A, Xie M, Kong Y. Progress in Optimization of Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation in Sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor). Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2983. [PMID: 30274323 PMCID: PMC6213730 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19102983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This review archives the achievements made in the last two decades and presents a brief outline of some significant factors influencing the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Sorghum bicolor. Recently, progress in successful transformation has been made for this particular monocot crop through direct DNA delivery method and indirect method via Agrobacterium. However, lower transformation rate still proved to be a bottleneck in genetic modification of sorghum. An efficient Agrobacterium transformation system could be attained by optimizing the preliminary assays, comprising of explant source, growth media, antibiotics, Agrobacterium strains and agro-infection response of callus. The selection of competent strains for genetic transformation is also one of the key factors of consideration. Successful transformation is highly dependent on genome configuration of selected cultivar, where non-tannin genotype proved the best suited. Immature embryos from the field source have higher inherent adaptation chances than that of the greenhouse source. A higher concentration of Agrobacterium may damage the explant source. Utilization of anti-necrotic treatments and optimized tissue culture timeframe are the adequate strategies to lower down the effect of phenolic compounds. Appropriate selection of culture media vessels at different stages of tissue culture may also assist in a constructive manner. In conclusion, some aspects such as culture environment with medium composition, explant sources, and genotypes play an indispensable role in successful Agrobacterium-mediated sorghum transformation system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Imtiaz Ahmed
- Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Anming Ding
- Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
| | - Minmin Xie
- Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
| | - Yingzhen Kong
- Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
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71
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Yao M, Ai TB, Mao Q, Chen F, Li FS, Tang L. Downregulation of OsAGO17 by artificial microRNA causes pollen abortion resulting in the reduction of grain yield in rice. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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72
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Sun SK, Chen Y, Che J, Konishi N, Tang Z, Miller AJ, Ma JF, Zhao FJ. Decreasing arsenic accumulation in rice by overexpressing OsNIP1;1 and OsNIP3;3 through disrupting arsenite radial transport in roots. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2018; 219:641-653. [PMID: 29749629 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Rice is a major dietary source of the toxic metalloid arsenic. Reducing arsenic accumulation in rice grain is important for food safety. We generated transgenic rice overexpressing two aquaporin genes, OsNIP1;1 and OsNIP3;3, under the control of a maize ubiquitin promoter or the rice OsLsi1 promoter, and tested the effect on arsenite uptake and translocation. OsNIP1;1 and OsNIP3;3 were highly permeable to arsenite in Xenopus oocyte assays. Both transporters were localized at the plasma membrane. Knockout of either gene had little effect on arsenite uptake or translocation. Overexpression of OsNIP1;1 or OsNIP3;3 in rice did not affect arsenite uptake but decreased root-to-shoot translocation of arsenite and shoot arsenic concentration markedly. The overexpressed OsNIP1;1 and OsNIP3;3 proteins were localized in all root cells without polarity. Expression of OsNIP1;1 driven by the OsLsi1 promoter produced similar effects. When grown in two arsenic-contaminated paddy soils, overexpressing lines contained significantly lower arsenic concentration in rice grain than the wild-type without compromising plant growth or the accumulation of essential nutrients. Overexpression of OsNIP1;1 or OsNIP3;3 provides a route for arsenite to leak out of the stele, thus restricting arsenite loading into the xylem. This strategy is effective in reducing arsenic accumulation in rice grain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Kai Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Metabolic Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Jing Che
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Chuo 2-20-1, Kurashiki, 710-0046, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Konishi
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Chuo 2-20-1, Kurashiki, 710-0046, Japan
| | - Zhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Anthony J Miller
- Department of Metabolic Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Jian Feng Ma
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Chuo 2-20-1, Kurashiki, 710-0046, Japan
| | - Fang-Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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Zhang J, Zhang H, Botella JR, Zhu JK. Generation of new glutinous rice by CRISPR/Cas9-targeted mutagenesis of the Waxy gene in elite rice varieties. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 60:369-375. [PMID: 29210506 PMCID: PMC5938116 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In rice, amylose content (AC) is controlled by a single dominant Waxy gene. We used Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated 9 (Cas9) to introduce a loss-of-function mutation into the Waxy gene in two widely cultivated elite japonica varieties. Our results show that mutations in the Waxy gene reduce AC and convert the rice into glutinous ones without affecting other desirable agronomic traits, offering an effective and easy strategy to improve glutinosity in elite varieties. Importantly, we successfully removed the transgenes from the progeny. Our study provides an example of generating improved crops with potential for commercialization, by editing a gene of interest directly in elite crop varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinshan Zhang
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, and Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, and Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
- Correspondences: Hui Zhang (); Jian-Kang Zhu (, Dr. Zhu is fully responsible for the distribution of all materials associated with this article)
| | - José Ramón Botella
- Plant Genetic Engineering Laboratory, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Jian-Kang Zhu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, and Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
- Correspondences: Hui Zhang (); Jian-Kang Zhu (, Dr. Zhu is fully responsible for the distribution of all materials associated with this article)
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Studies on growth dynamics of embryogenic cell suspension cultures of commercially important Indica rice cultivars ASD16 and Pusa basmati. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:194. [PMID: 29577000 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1213-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant efforts are being directed towards the improvement of rice using genetic manipulations. A good and reproducible system for recovering fertile Indica rice plants is imperative. The aim of this study was to study the influence of initial cell density on growth dynamics of suspension cultures. The cultures were initiated from 3-week-old embryogenic calli derived from mature seeds of Indica rice cultivars ASD16 and Pusa basmati. Growth kinetics of the rice cell suspensions were measured and the obtained data reveal that viable cells at 3% PCV using 20 ml liquid (N6D) medium and sub-culturing at 7-day intervals resulted in rapid increase in fresh and dry weights and the embryogenic competency of the cells were found to be high. The growth kinetics analysis revealed that ASD16 showed better efficiency for high frequency and viable somatic embryo formation as compared to Pusa basmati. The technique was found to be suitable for developing somatic embryos for both cultivars ASD16 and Pusa basmati, which can be used for many important applications including micropropagation and secondary metabolites production.
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Wang J, Lu K, Nie H, Zeng Q, Wu B, Qian J, Fang Z. Rice nitrate transporter OsNPF7.2 positively regulates tiller number and grain yield. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 11:12. [PMID: 29484500 PMCID: PMC5826914 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-018-0205-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice tiller number is one of the most important factors that determine grain yield, while nitrogen is essential for the crop growth and development, especially for tiller formation. Genes involved in nitrogen use efficiency processes have been identified in the previous studies, however, only a small number of these genes have been found to improve grain yield by promoting tillering. RESULTS We constructed over-expression (OX) lines and RNA-interference (Ri) lines, and selected a mutant of OsNPF7.2, a low-affinity nitrate transporter. Our analyses showed that rice tiller number and grain yield were significantly increased in OX lines, whereas Ri lines and mutant osnpf7.2 had fewer tiller number and lower grain yield. Under different nitrate concentrations, tiller buds grew faster in OX lines than in WT, but they grew slower in Ri lines and mutant osnpf7.2. These results indicated that altered expression of OsNPF7.2 plays a significant role in the control of tiller bud growth and regulation of tillering. Elevated expression of OsNPF7.2 also improved root length, root number, fresh weight, and dry weight. However, reduced expression of OsNPF7.2 had the opposite result on these characters. OsNPF7.2 OX lines showed more significantly enhanced influx of nitrate and had a higher nitrate concentration than WT. The levels of gene transcripts related to cytokinin pathway and cell cycle in tiller bud, and cytokinins concentration in tiller basal portion were higher in OX lines than that in WT, suggesting that altered expression of OsNPF7.2 controlled tiller bud growth and root development by regulating cytokinins content and cell cycle in plant cells. Altered expression of OsNPF7.2 also was responsible for the change in expression of the genes involved in strigolactone pathway, such as D27, D17, D10, Os900, Os1400, D14, D3, and OsFC1. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that OsNPF7.2 is a positive regulator of nitrate influx and concentration, and that it also regulates cell division in tiller bud and alters expression of genes involved in cytokinin and strigolactone pathways, resulting in the control over rice tiller number. Since elevated expression of OsNPF7.2 is capable of improving rice grain yield, this gene might be applied to high-yield rice breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Center of Applied Biotechnology, Wuhan Institute of Bioengineering, Wuhan, 430415, China
| | - Kai Lu
- Center of Applied Biotechnology, Wuhan Institute of Bioengineering, Wuhan, 430415, China
| | - Haipeng Nie
- Center of Applied Biotechnology, Wuhan Institute of Bioengineering, Wuhan, 430415, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qisen Zeng
- Center of Applied Biotechnology, Wuhan Institute of Bioengineering, Wuhan, 430415, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Bowen Wu
- Center of Applied Biotechnology, Wuhan Institute of Bioengineering, Wuhan, 430415, China
| | - Junjie Qian
- Center of Applied Biotechnology, Wuhan Institute of Bioengineering, Wuhan, 430415, China
| | - Zhongming Fang
- Center of Applied Biotechnology, Wuhan Institute of Bioengineering, Wuhan, 430415, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Wang L, Yuan J, Ma Y, Jiao W, Ye W, Yang DL, Yi C, Chen ZJ. Rice Interploidy Crosses Disrupt Epigenetic Regulation, Gene Expression, and Seed Development. MOLECULAR PLANT 2018; 11:300-314. [PMID: 29269023 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Seed development in angiosperms requires a 2:1 maternal-to-paternal genome ratio (2m:1p) in the endosperm. When the ratio is disrupted, the seed development is impaired. Rice interploidy crosses result in endosperm failures, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we report that the defective endosperm in rice interploidy crosses was associated with nonadditive expression of small RNAs and protein-coding genes. Interestingly, 24-nt small interfering RNAs were enriched in the 5' and 3' flanking sequences of nonadditively expressed genes in the interploidy crosses and were negatively associated with the expression of imprinted genes. Furthermore, some PRC2 family genes and DNA methylation-related genes including OsMET1b and OsCMT3a were upregulated in the 2×4 cross (pollinating a diploid "mother" with a tetraploid "father") but repressed in the reciprocal cross. These different epigenetic effects could lead to precocious or delayed cellularization during endosperm development. Notably, many endosperm-preferred genes, including starch metabolic and storage protein genes during grain filling, were found to be associated with DNA methylation or H3K27me3, which are repressed in both 2×4 and 4×2 crosses. WUSCHEL homeobox2 (WOX2)-like (WOX2L), an endosperm-preferred gene, was expressed specifically in the rice endosperm, in contrast to WOX2 expression in the Arabidopsis embryo. Disruption of WOX2L in transgenic rice by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing blocked starch and protein accumulation, resulting in seed abortion. In addition to gene repression, disrupting epigenetic process in the interploidy crosses also induced expression of stress-responsive genes. Thus, maintaining the 2m:1p genome ratio in the endosperm is essential for normal grain development in rice and other cereal crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jingya Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yujie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wu Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wenxue Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dong-Lei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chuandeng Yi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Z Jeffrey Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, China; Department of Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
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Wang D, Zhang K, Dong L, Dong Z, Li Y, Hussain A, Zhai H. Molecular genetic and genomic analysis of wheat milling and end-use traits in China: Progress and perspectives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cj.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Xia K, Zeng X, Jiao Z, Li M, Xu W, Nong Q, Mo H, Cheng T, Zhang M. Formation of Protein Disulfide Bonds Catalyzed by OsPDIL1;1 is Mediated by MicroRNA5144-3p in Rice. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 59:331-342. [PMID: 29194535 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcx189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Correct folding of proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum is important for their stability and function under stress. The protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) OsPDIL1;1 is a key protein-folding catalyst in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Here, microRNA5144 (osa-miR5144-3p) is reported to mediate the formation of protein disulfide bonds via targeting OsPDIL1;1 mRNA in rice seeds and seedlings during development and under conditions of abiotic stress, respectively. Expression analysis of transgenic rice and identification of cleavage sites showed that OsPDIL1;1 mRNA is a target of osa-miR5144-3p. Expression of osa-miR5144-3p and OsPDIL1;1 was shown to be inversely regulated in developing organs and under abiotic stress. The down-regulation of osa-miR5144-3p or overexpression of OsPDIL1;1 in transgenic rice showed increased total protein-disulfide bond content, compared with the wild type. This indicates that protein-disulfide bond formation is enhanced by down-regulation of osa-miR5144-3p or overexpression of OsPDIL1;1. These transgenic rice plants also displayed strong resistance to salinity and mercury stress, in comparison with the wild type. In contrast, the transgenic rice plants overexpressing osa-miR5144-3p or down-regulating OsPDIL1;1 had a lower protein-disulfide bond content; they were susceptible to abiotic stress and produced abnormal grains with small and loosely packed starch granules. These results indicate that protein-disulfide bond formation catalyzed by OsPDIL1;1 is modulated by osa-miR5144-3p in rice during development and is involved in resistance to abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuaifei Xia
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xuan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Zhengli Jiao
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Maolin Li
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Weijuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Quandong Nong
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hui Mo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Taihui Cheng
- Panyu District Guangzhou Agricultural Science Research Institute, Guangzhou 511400, China
| | - Mingyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
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Huang W, Bai G, Wang J, Zhu W, Zeng Q, Lu K, Sun S, Fang Z. Two Splicing Variants of OsNPF7.7 Regulate Shoot Branching and Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:300. [PMID: 29568307 PMCID: PMC5852072 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Rice includes 93 nitrate and peptide transporters family (NPF) members that facilitate the soil uptake and internal reallocation of nitrogen for growth and development. This study demonstrated that OsNPF7.7 had two splicing variants, and altered expression of each variant could regulate shoot branching and nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUtE) in rice. The expression of both variants was down-regulated in the buds by increased nitrogen level in the Japonica rice variety ZH11. The expression level of long-variant OsNPF7.7-1 was higher in panicles at reproductive stage, however, the expression level of short-variant OsNPF7.7-2 was higher in buds and leaves at vegetative stage compared to each other in ZH11. OsNPF7.7-1 was localized in the plasma membrane, whereas OsNPF7.7-2 was localized in the vacuole membrane. Furthermore, the results indicated that the expression level of each variant for OsNPF7.7 determined axillary bud outgrowth, and then influenced the rice tiller number. Overexpression of OsNPF7.7-1 could promote nitrate influx and concentration in root, whereas overexpression of OsNPF7.7-2 could improve ammonium influx and concentration in root. RNAi and osnpf7.7 lines of OsNPF7.7 showed an increased amount of amino acids in leaf sheaths, but a decreased amount in leaf blades, which affected nitrogen allocation and plant growth. The elevated expression of each variant for OsNPF7.7 in ZH11 enhanced NUtE using certain fertilization regimes under paddy field conditions. Moreover, overexpression of each variant for OsNPF7.7 in KY131 increased significantly the filled grain number per plant. Thus, increased each variant of OsNPF7.7 has the potential to improve grain yield and NUtE in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiting Huang
- Center of Applied Biotechnology, Wuhan Institute of Bioengineering, Wuhan, China
| | - Genxiang Bai
- Center of Applied Biotechnology, Wuhan Institute of Bioengineering, Wuhan, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Center of Applied Biotechnology, Wuhan Institute of Bioengineering, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Center of Applied Biotechnology, Wuhan Institute of Bioengineering, Wuhan, China
| | - Qisen Zeng
- Center of Applied Biotechnology, Wuhan Institute of Bioengineering, Wuhan, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Lu
- Center of Applied Biotechnology, Wuhan Institute of Bioengineering, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiyong Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhongming Fang
- Center of Applied Biotechnology, Wuhan Institute of Bioengineering, Wuhan, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhongming Fang, ;
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Biradar H, Karan R, Subudhi PK. Transgene Pyramiding of Salt Responsive Protein 3-1 ( SaSRP3-1) and SaVHAc1 From Spartina alterniflora L. Enhances Salt Tolerance in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1304. [PMID: 30258451 PMCID: PMC6143679 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The transgenic technology using a single gene has been widely used for crop improvement. But the transgenic pyramiding of multiple genes, a promising alternative especially for enhancing complexly inherited abiotic stress tolerance, has received little attention. Here, we developed and evaluated transgenic rice lines with a single Salt Responsive Protein 3-1 (SaSRP3-1) gene as well as pyramids with two-genes SaSRP3-1 and Vacuolar H+-ATPase subunit c1 (SaVHAc1) derived from a halophyte grass Spartina alterniflora L. for salt tolerance at seedling, vegetative, and reproductive stages. The overexpression of this novel gene SaSRP3-1 resulted in significantly better growth of E. coli with the recombinant plasmid under 600 mM NaCl stress condition compared with the control. During early seedling and vegetative stages, the single gene and pyramided transgenic rice plants showed enhanced tolerance to salt stress with minimal wilting and drying symptoms, improved shoot and root growth, and significantly higher chlorophyll content, relative water content, and K+/Na+ ratio than the control plants. The salt stress screening during reproductive stage revealed that the transgenic plants with single gene and pyramids had better grain filling, whereas the pyramided plants showed significantly higher grain yield and higher grain weight compared to control plants. Our study demonstrated transgenic pyramiding as a viable approach to achieve higher level of salt tolerance in crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanamareddy Biradar
- School of Plant, Environmental, and Soil Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Ratna Karan
- Department of Agronomy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Prasanta K. Subudhi
- School of Plant, Environmental, and Soil Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
- *Correspondence: Prasanta K. Subudhi,
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81
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Zhao Y, Wen H, Teotia S, Du Y, Zhang J, Li J, Sun H, Tang G, Peng T, Zhao Q. Suppression of microRNA159 impacts multiple agronomic traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 17:215. [PMID: 29162059 PMCID: PMC5699021 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-017-1171-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND microRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators in plant growth and development. miR159 is a conserved miRNA among different plant species and has various functions in plants. Studies on miR159 are mostly done on model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana. In rice, studies on miR159 were either based upon genome-wide expression analyses focused upon responses to different nitrogen forms and abiotic stress or upon phenotypic studies of transgenic plants overexpressing its precursor. STTM (Short Tandem Target Mimic) is an effective tool to block the activity of endogenous mature miRNA activity in plant. Therefore, specific roles of miR159 in rice could be explored by down regulating miR159 through STTM. RESULTS In this study, expression of mature miR159 was successfully suppressed by STTM which resulted in the increased expressions of its two targets genes, OsGAMYB and OsGAMYBL1 (GAMYB-LIKE 1). Overall, STTM159 plants exhibited short stature along with smaller organ size and reduction in stem diameter, length of flag leaf, main panicle, spikelet hulls and grain size. Histological analysis of stem, leaf and mature spikelet hull showed the reduced number of small vascular bundles (SVB), less number of small veins (SV) between two big veins (LV) and less cell number in outer parenchyma. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes between wild type plants and STTM159 transgenic plants showed that genes involved in cell division, auxin, cytokinin (CK) and brassinosteroids (BRs) biosynthesis and signaling are significantly down-regulated in STTM159 plants. CONCLUSION Our data suggests that in rice, miR159 positively regulates organ size, including stem, leaf, and grain size due to the promotion of cell division. Further analysis from the RNA-seq data showed that the decreased cell divisions in STTM159 transgenic plants may result, at least partly from the lower expression of the genes involved in cell cycle and hormone homeostasis, which provides new insights of rice miR159-specific functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafan Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology in Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
| | - Huili Wen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology in Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
| | - Sachin Teotia
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931 USA
| | - Yanxiu Du
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology in Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology in Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
| | - Junzhou Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology in Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
| | - Hongzheng Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology in Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
| | - Guiliang Tang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931 USA
| | - Ting Peng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology in Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
| | - Quanzhi Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology in Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
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Mookkan M, Nelson-Vasilchik K, Hague J, Zhang ZJ, Kausch AP. Selectable marker independent transformation of recalcitrant maize inbred B73 and sorghum P898012 mediated by morphogenic regulators BABY BOOM and WUSCHEL2. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2017; 36:1477-1491. [PMID: 28681159 PMCID: PMC5565672 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-017-2169-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Discriminatory co-expression of maize BBM and WUS transcriptional factor genes promoted somatic embryogenesis and efficient Agrobacterium -mediated transformation of recalcitrant maize inbred B73 and sorghum P898012 genotypes without use of a selectable marker gene. The use of morphogenic regulators to overcome barriers in plant transformation is a revolutionary breakthrough for basic plant science and crop applications. Current standard plant transformation systems are bottlenecks for genetic, genomic, and crop improvement studies. We investigated the differential use of co-expression of maize transcription factors BABY BOOM and WUSCHEL2 coupled with a desiccation inducible CRE/lox excision system to enable regeneration of stable transgenic recalcitrant maize inbred B73 and sorghum P898012 without a chemical selectable marker. The PHP78891 expression cassette contains CRE driven by the drought inducible maize RAB17M promoter with lox P sites which bracket the CRE, WUS, and BBM genes. A constitutive maize UBI M promoter directs a ZsGreen GFP expression cassette as a reporter outside of the excision sites and provides transient, transgenic, and developmental analysis. This was coupled with evidence for molecular integration and analysis of stable integration and desiccation inducible CRE-mediated excision. Agrobacterium-mediated transgenic introduction of this vector showed transient expression of GFP and induced somatic embryogenesis in maize B73 and sorghum P898012 explants. Subjection to desiccation stress in tissue culture enabled the excision of CRE, WUS, and BBM, leaving the UBI M::GFP cassette and allowing subsequent plant regeneration and GFP expression analysis. Stable GFP expression was observed in the early and late somatic embryos, young shoots, vegetative plant organs, and pollen. Transgene integration and expression of GFP positive T0 plants were also analyzed using PCR and Southern blots. Progeny segregation analysis of primary events confirmed correlation between functional GFP expression and presence of the GFP transgene in T1 plants generated from self pollinations, indicating good transgene inheritance. This study confirms and extends the use of morphogenic regulators to overcome transformation barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muruganantham Mookkan
- Plant Transformation Core Facility, Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, 1-33 Agriculture Building, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Kimberly Nelson-Vasilchik
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Rhode Island, 530 Liberty Lane, West Kingston, RI, 02892, USA
| | - Joel Hague
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Rhode Island, 530 Liberty Lane, West Kingston, RI, 02892, USA
| | - Zhanyuan J Zhang
- Plant Transformation Core Facility, Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, 1-33 Agriculture Building, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
| | - Albert P Kausch
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Rhode Island, 530 Liberty Lane, West Kingston, RI, 02892, USA.
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83
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Yaqoob U, Kaul T, Nawchoo IA. Development of an efficient protocol for Agrobacterium mediated transformation of some recalcitrant indica rice varieties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40502-017-0304-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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84
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Genetic transformation of indica rice varieties involving Am-SOD gene for improved abiotic stress tolerance. Saudi J Biol Sci 2017; 26:294-300. [PMID: 31485168 PMCID: PMC6717096 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Agrobacterium mediated genetic transformation has become an important tool in crops for molecular breeding. Am-SOD quality containing transgenic plants were created from embryogenic calli of Sambha mahsuri and cotton sannalu by Agrobacterium tumifaciens co-development. The superoxide desmutase quality was housed responsible for CaMV 355 promoter and Nos polyadenylation motion in double vector pCAMBIA 1301. Good change productivity was gotten. Mix of quality at genome level in the plants was exhibited by PCR examination and Southern smear, and furthermore delineated by a few physiological studies.
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85
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Martínez-Cruz J, Romero D, de Vicente A, Pérez-García A. Transformation of the cucurbit powdery mildew pathogen Podosphaera xanthii by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2017; 213:1961-1973. [PMID: 27864969 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The obligate biotrophic fungal pathogen Podosphaera xanthii is the main causal agent of powdery mildew in cucurbit crops all over the world. A major limitation of molecular studies of powdery mildew fungi (Erysiphales) is their genetic intractability. In this work, we describe a robust method based on the promiscuous transformation ability of Agrobacterium tumefaciens for reliable transformation of P. xanthii. The A. tumefaciens-mediated transformation (ATMT) system yielded transformants of P. xanthii with diverse transferred DNA (T-DNA) constructs. Analysis of the resultant transformants showed the random integration of T-DNA into the P. xanthii genome. The integrations were maintained in successive generations in the presence of selection pressure. Transformation was found to be transient, because in the absence of selection agent, the introduced genetic markers were lost due to excision of T-DNA from the genome. The ATMT system represents a potent tool for genetic manipulation of P. xanthii and will likely be useful for studying other biotrophic fungi. We hope that this method will contribute to the development of detailed molecular studies of the intimate interaction established between powdery mildew fungi and their host plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Martínez-Cruz
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea 'La Mayora' - Universidad de Málaga - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Málaga, 29071, Spain
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga. Bulevar Louis Pasteur 31, Málaga, 29071, Spain
| | - Diego Romero
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea 'La Mayora' - Universidad de Málaga - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Málaga, 29071, Spain
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga. Bulevar Louis Pasteur 31, Málaga, 29071, Spain
| | - Antonio de Vicente
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea 'La Mayora' - Universidad de Málaga - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Málaga, 29071, Spain
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga. Bulevar Louis Pasteur 31, Málaga, 29071, Spain
| | - Alejandro Pérez-García
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea 'La Mayora' - Universidad de Málaga - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Málaga, 29071, Spain
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga. Bulevar Louis Pasteur 31, Málaga, 29071, Spain
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86
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Expression Analysis of Hairpin RNA Carrying Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) Derived Sequences and Transgenic Resistance Development in a Model Rice Plant. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:1646140. [PMID: 28255554 PMCID: PMC5309402 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1646140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Developing transgenic resistance in monocotyledonous crops against pathogens remains a challenging area of research. Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) is a serious pathogen of many monocotyledonous crops including sugarcane. The objective of present study was to analyze transgenic expression of hairpin RNA (hpRNA), targeting simultaneously CP (Coat Protein) and Hc-Pro (helper component-proteinase) genes of SCMV, in a model rice plant. Conserved nucleotide sequences, exclusive for DAG (Aspartic acid-Alanine-Glycine) and KITC (Lycine-Isoleucine-Threonine-Cysteine) motifs, derived from SCMV CP and Hc-Pro genes, respectively, were fused together and assembled into the hpRNA cassette under maize ubiquitin promoter to form Ubi-hpCP:Hc-Pro construct. The same CP:Hc-Pro sequence was fused with the β-glucuronidase gene (GUS) at the 3' end under CaMV 35S promoter to develop 35S-GUS:CP:Hc-Pro served as a target reporter gene construct. When delivered into rice callus tissues by particle bombardment, the Ubi-hpCP:Hc-Pro construct induced strong silencing of 35S-GUS:CP:Hc-Pro. Transgenic rice plants, containing Ubi-hpCP:Hc-Pro construct, expressed high level of 21-24 nt small interfering RNAs, which induced specific suppression against GUS:CP:Hc-Pro delivered by particle bombardment and conferred strong resistance to mechanically inoculated SCMV. It is concluded that fusion hpRNA approach is an affordable method for developing resistance against SCMV in model rice plant and it could confer SCMV resistance when transformed into sugarcane.
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87
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Field Guide to Plant Model Systems. Cell 2017; 167:325-339. [PMID: 27716506 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
For the past several decades, advances in plant development, physiology, cell biology, and genetics have relied heavily on the model (or reference) plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Arabidopsis resembles other plants, including crop plants, in many but by no means all respects. Study of Arabidopsis alone provides little information on the evolutionary history of plants, evolutionary differences between species, plants that survive in different environments, or plants that access nutrients and photosynthesize differently. Empowered by the availability of large-scale sequencing and new technologies for investigating gene function, many new plant models are being proposed and studied.
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88
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Fang Z, Bai G, Huang W, Wang Z, Wang X, Zhang M. The Rice Peptide Transporter OsNPF7.3 Is Induced by Organic Nitrogen, and Contributes to Nitrogen Allocation and Grain Yield. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1338. [PMID: 28824674 PMCID: PMC5539172 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen use efficiency is important for the development of sustainable agriculture. Plants have different transporters to facilitate nitrogen uptake and internal distribution. This study demonstrates that the peptide transporter OsNPF7.3 enhances nitrogen allocation and increases grain yield in rice. OsNPF7.3 is a member of the nitrate transporter 1/peptide transporter family (NPF) and is localized in the vacuolar membrane. Its expression is higher in the lateral roots and stems. Its transcripts concentrate in the vascular bundle and significantly regulated by organic nitrogen sources. The RNAi lines of OsNPF7.3 affect plant growth and cause amino acids to accumulate in leaf sheaths and decrease in the leaf blades. At later stages of reproductive growth, nitrogen degradation accelerates in the leaves of plants over-expressing OsNPF7.3 and the nitrogen is translocated to grains. The tiller numbers, panicles per plant, filled grain numbers per panicle, and grain nitrogen content of the OsNPF7.3 over-expressing plant were more than that of wide type. The elevated gene expression in OsNPF7.3 could enhance nitrogen utilization efficiency in rice paddy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongming Fang
- Center of Applied Biotechnology, Wuhan Institute of BioengineeringWuhan, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Genxiang Bai
- Center of Applied Biotechnology, Wuhan Institute of BioengineeringWuhan, China
| | - Weiting Huang
- Center of Applied Biotechnology, Wuhan Institute of BioengineeringWuhan, China
| | - Zhixin Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Xuelu Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Xuelu Wang, Mingyong Zhang,
| | - Mingyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xuelu Wang, Mingyong Zhang,
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89
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He Z, Zeng J, Ren Y, Chen D, Li W, Gao F, Cao Y, Luo T, Yuan G, Wu X, Liang Y, Deng Q, Wang S, Zheng A, Zhu J, Liu H, Wang L, Li P, Li S. OsGIF1 Positively Regulates the Sizes of Stems, Leaves, and Grains in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1730. [PMID: 29051769 PMCID: PMC5633614 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Growth-regulating factor (GRF) interacting factors (GIFs) are involved in several developmental processes in Arabidopsis. We previously showed that upregulation of OsGIF1 expression improves rice grain size. However, whether OsGIF1 is involved in other developmental processes remains unclear. Here, we report pleiotropic effects of OsGIF1 on rice organ size regulation. Overexpression and functional knock-out via a CRISPR/Cas9 strategy revealed that OsGIF1 not only positively regulates the sizes of rice leaf, stem, and grain but also influences rice reproduction. Expression profiles based on both qRT-PCR and GUS (β-glucuronidase) histochemical staining suggested that OsGIF1 is differentially expressed across various rice tissues, consistent with its roles in regulating the development of multiple rice organs. Additionally, we found that OsGIF1-GFP localized preferentially in the nucleus, which supports its proposed role as a transcriptional cofactor. Further histological analysis suggested that OsGIF1 affected rice organ size possibly by regulating cell size. Our results suggest that OsGIF1 plays important roles in vegetative and reproductive developmental processes, with important implications for rice breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongshan He
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
| | - Yun Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
| | - Dan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
| | - Fengyan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
| | - Ye Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
| | - Tao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
| | - Guoqiang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
| | - Xianghong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
| | - Yueyang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
| | - Qiming Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
| | - Shiquan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
| | - Aiping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
| | - Huainian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
| | - Lingxia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Ping Li, Shuangcheng Li,
| | - Shuangcheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Ping Li, Shuangcheng Li,
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90
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Nguyen VC, Nguyen VK, Singh CH, Devi GS, Reddy VS, Leelavathi S. Fast recovery of transgenic submergence tolerant rice cultivars of North-East India by early co-cultivation of Agrobacterium with pre-cultured callus. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 23:115-123. [PMID: 28250588 PMCID: PMC5313402 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-016-0398-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Agro-climatic conditions of North-East India are very complex and rice cultivars present in the region have been adapted to grow under harsh environmental conditions. Germplasm present in the region is considered to possess several important and unique traits that are of importance in rice improvement programs. Genetic engineering is a powerful tool to introduce new traits into crop plants. However, not much information is available on the methods to introduce foreign genes into North-East rice cultivars. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to develop transformation procedures for fast recovery of transgenic plants from North-East rice cultivars. To achieve this objective, a systematic study was carried out to identify media components and culture conditions for efficient embryogenic callus induction from the mature seeds and differentiation of callus into plantlets from two North-East deep water rice cultivars, Taothabi and Khongan. Also, role of preculture of callus on Agrobacterium-mediated transformation was studied. Co-cultivation of Agrobacterium with 1-5 days precultured callus was found to result in high frequency of transformation. Detailed characterization of transgenic lines confirmed stable integration of transgenes and expression of reporter gfp gene. The whole process starting from callus induction to regenerating of transgenic rice plants that can be established in the soil was achieved in about 35-45 days. The procedures developed were found to be applicable to a popular variety IR 64. Therefore, methods developed in this study should be useful not only to introduce new traits quickly but also to validate the function(s) of several candidate gene(s) identified under the functional genomics of rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Cuu Nguyen
- Plant Transformation Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Van Khiem Nguyen
- Plant Transformation Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
- National Institute of Medicinal Materials (NIMM), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Chongtham Henary Singh
- Plant Physiology Lab., Department of Life Sciences, Manipur University, Imphal, Manipur 795003 India
| | | | - Vanga Siva Reddy
- Plant Transformation Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Sadhu Leelavathi
- Plant Transformation Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
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91
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Wang M, Lu X, Xu G, Yin X, Cui Y, Huang L, Rocha PSCF, Xia X. OsSGL, a novel pleiotropic stress-related gene enhances grain length and yield in rice. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38157. [PMID: 27917884 PMCID: PMC5137154 DOI: 10.1038/srep38157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Abiotic stress seriously affects the yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Grain yield in rice is multiplicatively determined by the number of panicles, number of grains per panicle, and grain weight. Here, we describe the molecular and functional characterization of STRESS_tolerance and GRAIN_LENGTH (OsSGL), a rice gene strongly up-regulated by a wide spectrum of abiotic stresses. OsSGL encodes a putative member of the DUF1645 protein family of unknown function. Overexpression of OsSGL significantly altered certain development processes greatly and positively affecting an array of traits in transgenic rice plants, including increased grain length, grain weight and grain number per panicle, resulting in a significant increase in yield. Microscopical analysis showed that the enhanced OsSGL expression promoted cell division and grain filling. Microarray and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses revealed that a large number of genes involved in stress-response, cell cycle and cytokinin signaling processes were induced or suppressed in OsSGL-overexpressing plants. Together, our results suggest that OsSGL may regulate stress-tolerance and cell growth by acting via a cytokinin signaling pathway. This study not only contributes to our understanding of the underlying mechanism regulating rice stress-tolerance and grain length, but also provides a strategy for tailor-made crop yield improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
| | - Xuedan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
| | - Guoyun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
| | - Xuming Yin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
| | - Yanchun Cui
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
| | - Lifang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
| | - Pedro S C F Rocha
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
| | - Xinjie Xia
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
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92
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Li S, Gao F, Xie K, Zeng X, Cao Y, Zeng J, He Z, Ren Y, Li W, Deng Q, Wang S, Zheng A, Zhu J, Liu H, Wang L, Li P. The OsmiR396c-OsGRF4-OsGIF1 regulatory module determines grain size and yield in rice. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2016; 14:2134-2146. [PMID: 27107174 PMCID: PMC5095787 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Grain weight is the most important component of rice yield and is mainly determined by grain size, which is generally controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Although numerous QTLs that regulate grain weight have been identified, the genetic network that controls grain size remains unclear. Herein, we report the cloning and functional analysis of a dominant QTL, grain length and width 2 (GLW2), which positively regulates grain weight by simultaneously increasing grain length and width. The GLW2 locus encodes OsGRF4 (growth-regulating factor 4) and is regulated by the microRNA miR396c in vivo. The mutation in OsGRF4 perturbs the OsmiR396 target regulation of OsGRF4, generating a larger grain size and enhanced grain yield. We also demonstrate that OsGIF1 (GRF-interacting factors 1) directly interacts with OsGRF4, and increasing its expression improves grain size. Our results suggest that the miR396c-OsGRF4-OsGIF1 regulatory module plays an important role in grain size determination and holds implications for rice yield improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangcheng Li
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fengyan Gao
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Kailong Xie
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiuhong Zeng
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Ye Cao
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhongshan He
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Yun Ren
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenbo Li
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiming Deng
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiquan Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Aiping Zheng
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huainian Liu
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingxia Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Li
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
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93
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Sabetta W, Crosatti C, Soltész A, Di Rienzo V, Montemurro C. Screening Auxin Response, In Vitro Culture Aptitude and Susceptibility to Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation of Italian Commercial Durum Wheat Varieties. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21111440. [PMID: 27801844 PMCID: PMC6274527 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21111440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of a robust Agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocol for a recalcitrant species like durum wheat requires the identification and optimization of factors affecting T-DNA delivery and plant regeneration. The purpose of this research was to compare the behavior of diverse durum wheat genotypes during in vitro culture and Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation, using immature embryos as explants. Apart from plant genotype, two of the main influencing factors for a successful genetic transformation have been examined here, i.e., auxin source (Dicamba and 2,4-D) and duration of the pre-culture period (one, seven and 21 days). The addition of Dicamba to the media in combination with seven days pre-cultivation resulted in a general enhancement of T-DNA delivery for most of the analyzed cultivars, as revealed by β-glucuronidase (GUS) histochemical assay. Although all genotypes were able to produce calli, significant differences were detected in regeneration and transformation efficiencies, since only two (Karalis and Neolatino) out of 14 cultivars produced fertile transgenic plants. The estimated transformation efficiencies were 6.25% and 1.66% for Karalis and Neolatino, respectively, and χ² analysis revealed the stable integration and segregation of the gus transgene in T₁ and T₂ progenies. This research has demonstrated that, among the influencing factors, genotype and auxin type play the most important role in the success of durum wheat transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilma Sabetta
- Sinagri S.r.l., Spin-off, University of Bari, Via Amendola 165/A, Bari 70126, Italy.
| | - Cristina Crosatti
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Genomics Research Centre, Via S.Protaso 302, Fiorenzuola d'Arda (PC) 29017, Italy.
| | - Alexandra Soltész
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Brunszvik u. 2., Martonvásár H-2462, Hungary.
| | - Valentina Di Rienzo
- Sinagri S.r.l., Spin-off, University of Bari, Via Amendola 165/A, Bari 70126, Italy.
| | - Cinzia Montemurro
- Sinagri S.r.l., Spin-off, University of Bari, Via Amendola 165/A, Bari 70126, Italy.
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari, Via Amendola 165/A, Bari 70126, Italy.
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Hu R, Qiu D, Chen Y, Miller AJ, Fan X, Pan X, Zhang M. Knock-Down of a Tonoplast Localized Low-Affinity Nitrate Transporter OsNPF7.2 Affects Rice Growth under High Nitrate Supply. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1529. [PMID: 27826301 PMCID: PMC5078692 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The large nitrate transporter 1/peptide transporter family (NPF) has been shown to transport diverse substrates, including nitrate, amino acids, peptides, phytohormones, and glucosinolates. However, the rice (Oryza sativa) root-specific family member OsNPF7.2 has not been functionally characterized. Here, our data show that OsNPF7.2 is a tonoplast localized low-affinity nitrate transporter, that affects rice growth under high nitrate supply. Expression analysis showed that OsNPF7.2 was mainly expressed in the elongation and maturation zones of roots, especially in the root sclerenchyma, cortex and stele. It was also induced by high concentrations of nitrate. Subcellular localization analysis showed that OsNPF7.2 was localized on the tonoplast of large and small vacuoles. Heterologous expression in Xenopus laevis oocytes suggested that OsNPF7.2 was a low-affinity nitrate transporter. Knock-down of OsNPF7.2 retarded rice growth under high concentrations of nitrate. Therefore, we deduce that OsNPF7.2 plays a role in intracellular allocation of nitrate in roots, and thus influences rice growth under high nitrate supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Hu
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Diyang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Metabolic Biology Department, John Innes CentreNorwich, UK
| | | | - Xiaorong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Xiaoping Pan
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou, China
| | - Mingyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou, China
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95
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Wang GP, Yu XD, Sun YW, Jones HD, Xia LQ. Generation of Marker- and/or Backbone-Free Transgenic Wheat Plants via Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1324. [PMID: 27708648 PMCID: PMC5030305 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes to animals and vertical transfer of herbicide resistance genes to the weedy relatives are perceived as major biosafety concerns in genetically modified (GM) crops. In this study, five novel vectors which used gusA and bar as a reporter gene and a selection marker gene, respectively, were constructed based on the pCLEAN dual binary vector system. Among these vectors, 1G7B and 5G7B carried two T-DNAs located on two respective plasmids with 5G7B possessing an additional virGwt gene. 5LBTG154 and 5TGTB154 carried two T-DNAs in the target plasmid with either one or double right borders, and 5BTG154 carried the selectable marker gene on the backbone outside of the T-DNA left border in the target plasmid. In addition, 5BTG154, 5LBTG154, and 5TGTB154 used pAL154 as a helper plasmid which contains Komari fragment to facilitate transformation. These five dual binary vector combinations were transformed into Agrobacterium strain AGL1 and used to transform durum wheat cv Stewart 63. Evaluation of the co-transformation efficiencies, the frequencies of marker-free transgenic plants, and integration of backbone sequences in the obtained transgenic lines indicated that two vectors (5G7B and 5TGTB154) were more efficient in generating marker-free transgenic wheat plants with no or minimal integration of backbone sequences in the wheat genome. The vector series developed in this study for generation of marker- and/or backbone-free transgenic wheat plants via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation will be useful to facilitate the creation of "clean" GM wheat containing only the foreign genes of agronomic importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen-Ping Wang
- Department of Plant Gene Resources and Molecular Design, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)Beijing, China
- Cereal Crops Research Laboratory of Hebei Province, National Millet Improvement Center, Institute of Millet Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesShijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiu-Dao Yu
- Department of Plant Gene Resources and Molecular Design, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Wei Sun
- Department of Plant Gene Resources and Molecular Design, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)Beijing, China
| | - Huw D. Jones
- Translational Genomics for Plant Breeding, Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth UniversityAberystwyth, UK
| | - Lan-Qin Xia
- Department of Plant Gene Resources and Molecular Design, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)Beijing, China
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96
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Yang Q, Deng M, Zhang LL, Zhang XW, Wang LN, Chen H, Ma J, Qi PF, Jiang QT, Lan XJ, Wei YM, Zheng YL. A super twin T-DNA vector that allows independent gene expression during Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Plasmid 2016; 87-88:58-64. [PMID: 27615011 DOI: 10.1016/j.plasmid.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we designed and constructed a super twin T-DNA vector (pTRIDT313-g) containing two independent T-DNA cassettes-one for the selection gene Hyg and the other for the target gene Gus-to produce marker-free transgenic lines. The resulting vector was transformed into tobacco, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis showed four types of gene combinations in the T1 and T2 generations: Gus only, Hyg only, Gus+Hyg, and untransformed lines. The intermediate region from the T-DNA of the right border of Hyg to the left border of Gus in the Hyg and Gus lines was not amplified. Genome walking confirmed that the Hyg and Gus T-DNA cassettes were independently inserted in different regions of the tobacco genome. Thus, the two T-DNA cassettes were integrated randomly as independent loci into the tobacco genome. The results of reverse transcription-PCR indicated that Hyg could normally be expressed in the roots, stems, and leaves of transgenic lines, and the resistance test showed that all Hyg transgenic lines could grow in the presence of 50mg/L hygromycin. All Gus transgenic lines showed obvious blue coloration in enzyme activity tests, indicating that the Gus gene could be normally expressed in all the lines. Therefore, the super twin T-DNA vector (pTRIDT313-g) exhibits independent integration, heredity, and normal gene function from two T-DNA cassettes. This vector could be a useful and valuable tool in the production of marker-free transgenic lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Yang
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Mei Deng
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Ling-Ling Zhang
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Zhang
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Le-Ning Wang
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Hu Chen
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Jian Ma
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Peng-Fei Qi
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Qian-Tao Jiang
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Xiu-Jin Lan
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Yu-Ming Wei
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - You-Liang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Crop Germplasm Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
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97
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Yang B, Liu J, Jiang Y, Chen F. Chlorella species as hosts for genetic engineering and expression of heterologous proteins: Progress, challenge and perspective. Biotechnol J 2016; 11:1244-1261. [PMID: 27465356 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201500617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The species of Chlorella represent a highly specialized group of green microalgae that can produce high levels of protein. Many Chlorella strains can grow rapidly and achieve high cell density under controlled conditions and are thus considered to be promising protein sources. Many advances in the genetic engineering of Chlorella have occurred in recent years, with significant developments in successful expression of heterologous proteins for various applications. Nevertheless, a lot of obstacles remain to be addressed, and a sophisticated and stable Chlorella expression system has yet to emerge. This review provides a brief summary of current knowledge on Chlorella and an overview of recent progress in the genetic engineering of Chlorella, and highlights the advances in the development of a genetic toolbox of Chlorella for heterologous protein expression. Research directions to further exploit the Chlorella expression system with respect to both challenges and perspectives are also discussed. This paper serves as a comprehensive literature review for the Chlorella community and will provide valuable insights into future exploration of Chlorella as a promising host for heterologous protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- Institute for Food and Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.,School of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Institute for Food and Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China. .,Singapore-Peking University Research Centre for a Sustainable Low-Carbon Future, CREATE Tower, Singapore.
| | - Yue Jiang
- Runke Bioengineering Co., Ltd., Zhangzhou, China.
| | - Feng Chen
- Institute for Food and Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Singapore-Peking University Research Centre for a Sustainable Low-Carbon Future, CREATE Tower, Singapore
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98
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Abstract
A convenient and quantitative bioassay method for evaluating the efficiency of plant transformation by Agrobacterium tumefaciens is important to search plant transformation inhibitors, possible biochemical probes for study on its mechanism. Our previously reported method, in which the plant transformation had been detected by the expression of β-glucuronidase in transformed plants, was improved. The difference between the previous and the improved methods is the use of suspension-cultured cells of Ageratum conyzoides as the host plant instead of Nicotiana tabacum BY-2; this alteration of the host enabled us to measure the β-glucuronidase activity in plant cells not only fluorometrically but also colorimetrically. The enzyme activity expressed in the cells of A. conyzoides was nearly 100 times higher than that of N. tabacum BY-2, and was enough for detection by colorimetric measurement. The method, therefore, is useful for a convenient determination of inhibitory activity against plant transformation.
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99
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Functional Characterization of 9-/13-LOXs in Rice and Silencing Their Expressions to Improve Grain Qualities. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:4275904. [PMID: 27403427 PMCID: PMC4925972 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4275904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Lipoxygenases (LOXs) are involved in oxidative rancidity and render rice unsuitable for human consumption. Here, RNA interference- (RNAi-) induced gene expression inhibition was used to analyze the functions of the bran/seed-specific LOXs in rice. r9-LOX1 and L-2 (9-LOX category) were the candidate genes expressing a bran/seed-specific LOX, while RCI-1 was (13-LOX category) a plastid-specific LOX. Real-time PCR showed that three LOXs were cultivar/tissue specific expression on a certain level. r9-LOX1 and L-2 were generally much higher in active bran/seed than in stabilized bran, mature seed, and regenerated plant. RCI-1 was barely expressed in seed. In transgenic lines, r9-LOX1, as well as L-2, expression was dramatically downregulated, compared to the nontransgenic controls. SPME/GC-MS analysis of r9-LOX1 RNAi transgenic lines showed 74.33% decrease in nonanal content (formed during oxidation of linoleic acid by lipoxygenase), but 388.24% increase in acetic acid and 184.84% hexanal (direct products of 13-LOX). These results indicate that r9-LOX1 positively regulates the amount of nonanal but negatively regulates acetic acid and hexanal. The negative regulation may be due to a mechanism of negative feedback between LOX family members. The information will help comprehensively understand the function of the bran/seed-specific LOXs, r9-LOX1, and improve the storage quality in the future.
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100
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Fraiture MA, Roosens NH, Taverniers I, De Loose M, Deforce D, Herman P. Biotech rice: Current developments and future detection challenges in food and feed chain. Trends Food Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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