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Alemany S, Soler-Artigas M, Cabana-Domínguez J, Fakhreddine D, Llonga N, Vilar-Ribó L, Rodríguez-Urrutia A, Palacio J, González-Castro AM, Lobo B, Alonso-Cotoner C, Simrén M, Santos J, Ramos-Quiroga JA, Ribasés M. Genome-wide multi-trait analysis of irritable bowel syndrome and related mental conditions identifies 38 new independent variants. J Transl Med 2023; 21:272. [PMID: 37085903 PMCID: PMC10120121 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04107-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic disorder of gut-brain interaction frequently accompanied by mental conditions, including depression and anxiety. Despite showing substantial heritability and being partly determined by a genetic component, the genetic underpinnings explaining the high rates of comorbidity remain largely unclear and there are no conclusive data on the temporal relationship between them. Exploring the overlapping genetic architecture between IBS and mental conditions may help to identify novel genetic loci and biological mechanisms underlying IBS and causal relationships between them. METHODS We quantified the genetic overlap between IBS, neuroticism, depression and anxiety, conducted a multi-trait genome-wide association study (GWAS) considering these traits and investigated causal relationships between them by using the largest GWAS to date. RESULTS IBS showed to be a highly polygenic disorder with extensive genetic sharing with mental conditions. Multi-trait analysis of IBS and neuroticism, depression and anxiety identified 42 genome-wide significant variants for IBS, of which 38 are novel. Fine-mapping risk loci highlighted 289 genes enriched in genes upregulated during early embryonic brain development and gene-sets related with psychiatric, digestive and autoimmune disorders. IBS-associated genes were enriched for target genes of anti-inflammatory and antirheumatic drugs, anesthetics and opioid dependence pharmacological treatment. Mendelian-randomization analysis accounting for correlated pleiotropy identified bidirectional causal effects between IBS and neuroticism and depression and causal effects of the genetic liability of IBS on anxiety. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide evidence of the polygenic architecture of IBS, identify novel genome-wide significant variants for IBS and extend previous knowledge on the genetic overlap and relationship between gastrointestinal and mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Alemany
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.
- Biomedical Network Research Centre On Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Soler-Artigas
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre On Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology, and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judit Cabana-Domínguez
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre On Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dana Fakhreddine
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Llonga
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Vilar-Ribó
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre On Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amanda Rodríguez-Urrutia
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre On Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judit Palacio
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana María González-Castro
- Laboratory of Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Lobo
- Laboratory of Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Alonso-Cotoner
- Laboratory of Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERHED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Magnus Simrén
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Centre for Functional GI and Motility Disorders, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Javier Santos
- Laboratory of Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERHED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre On Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Ribasés
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.
- Biomedical Network Research Centre On Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology, and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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52
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Ten-Blanco M, Flores Á, Cristino L, Pereda-Pérez I, Berrendero F. Targeting the orexin/hypocretin system for the treatment of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases: from animal to clinical studies. Front Neuroendocrinol 2023; 69:101066. [PMID: 37015302 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2023.101066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Orexins (also known as hypocretins) are neuropeptides located exclusively in hypothalamic neurons that have extensive projections throughout the central nervous system and bind two different G protein-coupled receptors (OX1R and OX2R). Since its discovery in 1998, the orexin system has gained the interest of the scientific community as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of different pathological conditions. Considering previous basic science research, a dual orexin receptor antagonist, suvorexant, was the first orexin agent to be approved by the US Food and Drug Administration to treat insomnia. In this review, we discuss and update the main preclinical and human studies involving the orexin system with several psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases. This system constitutes a nice example of how basic scientific research driven by curiosity can be the best route to the generation of new and powerful pharmacological treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Ten-Blanco
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - África Flores
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Neurosciences Institute, University of Barcelona and Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luigia Cristino
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), National Research Council (CNR), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Inmaculada Pereda-Pérez
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Berrendero
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain.
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53
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Seah C, Huckins LM, Brennand KJ. Stem Cell Models for Context-Specific Modeling in Psychiatric Disorders. Biol Psychiatry 2023; 93:642-650. [PMID: 36658083 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies reveal the complex polygenic architecture underlying psychiatric disorder risk, but there is an unmet need to validate causal variants, resolve their target genes(s), and explore their functional impacts on disorder-related mechanisms. Disorder-associated loci regulate transcription of target genes in a cell type- and context-specific manner, which can be measured through expression quantitative trait loci. In this review, we discuss methods and insights from context-specific modeling of genetically and environmentally regulated expression. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cell type and organoid models have uncovered context-specific psychiatric disorder associations by investigating tissue-, cell type-, sex-, age-, and stressor-specific genetic regulation of expression. Techniques such as massively parallel reporter assays and pooled CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) screens make it possible to functionally fine-map genome-wide association study loci and validate their target genes at scale. Integration of disorder-associated contexts with these patient-specific human induced pluripotent stem cell models makes it possible to uncover gene by environment interactions that mediate disorder risk, which will ultimately improve our ability to diagnose and treat psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Seah
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York
| | - Laura M Huckins
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
| | - Kristen J Brennand
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
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54
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Mancini GF, Meijer OC, Campolongo P. Stress in adolescence as a first hit in stress-related disease development: Timing and context are crucial. Front Neuroendocrinol 2023; 69:101065. [PMID: 37001566 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2023.101065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
The two-hit stress model predicts that exposure to stress at two different time-points in life may increase or decrease the risk of developing stress-related disorders later in life. Most studies based on the two-hit stress model have investigated early postnatal stress as the first hit with adult stress as the second hit. Adolescence, however, represents another highly sensitive developmental window during which exposure to stressful events may affect programming outcomes following exposure to stress in adulthood. Here, we discuss the programming effects of different types of stressors (social and nonsocial) occurring during adolescence (first hit) and how such stressors affect the responsiveness toward an additional stressor occurring during adulthood (second hit) in rodents. We then provide a comprehensive overview of the potential mechanisms underlying interindividual and sex differences in the resilience/susceptibility to developing stress-related disorders later in life when stress is experienced in two different life stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia F Mancini
- Dept. of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Onno C Meijer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Patrizia Campolongo
- Dept. of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, IRCSS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy.
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55
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Soliva-Estruch M, Tamashiro KL, Daskalakis NP. Genetics and epigenetics of stress: New avenues for an old concept. Neurobiol Stress 2023; 23:100525. [PMID: 36873728 PMCID: PMC9975307 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2023.100525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Soliva-Estruch
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, United States
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Limburg, The Netherlands
| | - Kellie L. Tamashiro
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nikolaos P. Daskalakis
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, United States
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
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56
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Johnson AM, Teoh D, Jewett P, Darst BF, Mattson J, Hoffmann C, Brown K, Makaram A, Keller C, Blaes AH, Everson-Rose SA, Vogel RI. Genetic variants associated with post-traumatic stress symptoms in patients with gynecologic cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2023; 170:102-107. [PMID: 36681010 PMCID: PMC10023401 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2023.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients with cancer experience symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) more commonly than the general population. The objective of this study was to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with increased risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in patients with gynecologic cancer. METHODS A prospective cohort study recruited 181 gynecologic cancer survivors receiving care at the University of Minnesota between 2017 and 2020 who completed PTSD DSM-V surveys to self-report their symptoms of PTSD and provided saliva samples. DNA samples were genotyped for 11 SNPs in 9 genes involved in dopaminergic, serotonergic, and opioidergic systems previously associated with risk of PTSD in populations without cancer. RESULTS Most participants had either ovarian (42.5%) or endometrial (46.4%) cancer; fewer had cervical (7.7%) or vaginal/vulvar (3.3%) cancer. Two SNPS were identified as statistically significantly associated with higher PTSD scores: rs622337 in HTR2A and rs510769 in OPRM1. CONCLUSIONS Genetic variation likely plays a role in development of PTSD. HTR2A is involved in the serotonin pathway, and OPRM1 is involved in the opioid receptor pathway. This information can be used by oncologic providers to identify patients at greater risk of developing PTSD and may facilitate referral to appropriate consultants and resources early in their treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M Johnson
- University of Minnesota, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Deanna Teoh
- University of Minnesota, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Patricia Jewett
- University of Minnesota, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America; University of Minnesota, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Burcu F Darst
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Public Health Sciences, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Jordan Mattson
- University of Minnesota, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Cody Hoffmann
- University of Minnesota Genomics Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Katherine Brown
- University of Minnesota, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Aditi Makaram
- University of Minnesota, College of Biological Sciences, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Ciana Keller
- University of Minnesota, Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Anne H Blaes
- University of Minnesota, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Susan A Everson-Rose
- University of Minnesota, Division of Geriatrics, Palliative and Primary Care, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Rachel I Vogel
- University of Minnesota, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America.
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Volumetric MRI Findings in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) and Neuropsychological Outcome. Neuropsychol Rev 2023; 33:5-41. [PMID: 33656702 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-020-09474-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Region of interest (ROI) volumetric assessment has become a standard technique in quantitative neuroimaging. ROI volume is thought to represent a coarse proxy for making inferences about the structural integrity of a brain region when compared to normative values representative of a healthy sample, adjusted for age and various demographic factors. This review focuses on structural volumetric analyses that have been performed in the study of neuropathological effects from mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in relation to neuropsychological outcome. From a ROI perspective, the probable candidate structures that are most likely affected in mTBI represent the target regions covered in this review. These include the corpus callosum, cingulate, thalamus, pituitary-hypothalamic area, basal ganglia, amygdala, and hippocampus and associated structures including the fornix and mammillary bodies, as well as whole brain and cerebral cortex along with the cerebellum. Ventricular volumetrics are also reviewed as an indirect assessment of parenchymal change in response to injury. This review demonstrates the potential role and limitations of examining structural changes in the ROIs mentioned above in relation to neuropsychological outcome. There is also discussion and review of the role that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may play in structural outcome in mTBI. As emphasized in the conclusions, structural volumetric findings in mTBI are likely just a single facet of what should be a multimodality approach to image analysis in mTBI, with an emphasis on how the injury damages or disrupts neural network integrity. The review provides an historical context to quantitative neuroimaging in neuropsychology along with commentary about future directions for volumetric neuroimaging research in mTBI.
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Davies MR, Glen K, Mundy J, Ter Kuile AR, Adey BN, Armour C, Assary E, Coleman JRI, Goldsmith KA, Hirsch CR, Hotopf M, Hübel C, Jones IR, Kalsi G, Krebs G, McIntosh AM, Morneau-Vaillancourt G, Peel AJ, Purves KL, Lee SH, Skelton M, Smith DJ, Veale D, Walters JTR, Young KS, Zvrskovec J, Breen G, Eley TC. Factors associated with anxiety disorder comorbidity. J Affect Disord 2023; 323:280-291. [PMID: 36442657 PMCID: PMC10202820 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety and depressive disorders often co-occur and the order of their emergence may be associated with different clinical outcomes. However, minimal research has been conducted on anxiety-anxiety comorbidity. This study examined factors associated with anxiety comorbidity and anxiety-MDD temporal sequence. METHODS Online, self-report data were collected from the UK-based GLAD and COPING NBR cohorts (N = 38,775). Logistic regression analyses compared differences in sociodemographic, trauma, and clinical factors between single anxiety, anxiety-anxiety comorbidity, anxiety-MDD (major depressive disorder) comorbidity, and MDD-only. Additionally, anxiety-first and MDD-first anxiety-MDD were compared. Differences in familial risk were assessed in those participants with self-reported family history or genotype data. RESULTS Anxiety-anxiety and anxiety-MDD had higher rates of self-reported anxiety or depressive disorder diagnoses, younger age of onset, and higher recurrence than single anxiety. Anxiety-MDD displayed greater clinical severity/complexity than MDD only. Anxiety-anxiety had more severe current anxiety symptoms, less severe current depressive symptoms, and reduced likelihood of self-reporting an anxiety/depressive disorder diagnosis than anxiety-MDD. Anxiety-first anxiety-MDD had a younger age of onset, more severe anxiety symptoms, and less likelihood of self-reporting a diagnosis than MDD-first. Minimal differences in familial risk were found. LIMITATIONS Self-report, retrospective measures may introduce recall bias. The familial risk analyses were likely underpowered. CONCLUSIONS Anxiety-anxiety comorbidity displayed a similarly severe and complex profile of symptoms as anxiety-MDD but distinct features. For anxiety-MDD, first-onset anxiety had an earlier age of onset and greater severity than MDD-first. Anxiety disorders and comorbidity warrant further investigation and attention in research and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly R Davies
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, Camberwell, London, UK; National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
| | - Kiran Glen
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, Camberwell, London, UK; National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
| | - Jessica Mundy
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, Camberwell, London, UK; National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
| | - Abigail R Ter Kuile
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, Camberwell, London, UK; National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
| | - Brett N Adey
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, Camberwell, London, UK; National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
| | - Chérie Armour
- Stress, Trauma & Related Conditions (STARC) research lab, School of Psychology, Queen's University Belfast (QUB), Belfast, UK
| | - Elham Assary
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, Camberwell, London, UK
| | - Jonathan R I Coleman
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, Camberwell, London, UK; National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
| | - Kimberley A Goldsmith
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, Camberwell, London, UK; National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
| | - Colette R Hirsch
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, Camberwell, London, UK; National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley Hospital, London, UK; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, Camberwell, London, UK
| | - Matthew Hotopf
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, Camberwell, London, UK; National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley Hospital, London, UK; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, Camberwell, London, UK
| | - Christopher Hübel
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, Camberwell, London, UK; National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley Hospital, London, UK; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ian R Jones
- National Centre for Mental Health, Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Gursharan Kalsi
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, Camberwell, London, UK; National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
| | - Georgina Krebs
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, Camberwell, London, UK; Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, UK
| | - Andrew M McIntosh
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Alicia J Peel
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, Camberwell, London, UK
| | - Kirstin L Purves
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, Camberwell, London, UK; National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
| | - Sang Hyuck Lee
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, Camberwell, London, UK; National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
| | - Megan Skelton
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, Camberwell, London, UK; National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
| | - Daniel J Smith
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David Veale
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, Camberwell, London, UK; National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley Hospital, London, UK; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, Camberwell, London, UK
| | - James T R Walters
- National Centre for Mental Health, Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Katherine S Young
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, Camberwell, London, UK; National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
| | - Johan Zvrskovec
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, Camberwell, London, UK; National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
| | - Gerome Breen
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, Camberwell, London, UK; National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
| | - Thalia C Eley
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, Camberwell, London, UK; National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley Hospital, London, UK.
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Vas S, Papp RS, Könczöl K, Bogáthy E, Papp N, Ádori C, Durst M, Sípos K, Ocskay K, Farkas I, Bálint F, Ferenci S, Török B, Kovács A, Szabó E, Zelena D, Kovács KJ, Földes A, Kató E, Köles L, Bagdy G, Palkovits M, Tóth ZE. Prolactin-Releasing Peptide Contributes to Stress-Related Mood Disorders and Inhibits Sleep/Mood Regulatory Melanin-Concentrating Hormone Neurons in Rats. J Neurosci 2023; 43:846-862. [PMID: 36564184 PMCID: PMC9899089 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2139-21.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress disorders impair sleep and quality of life; however, their pathomechanisms are unknown. Prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP) is a stress mediator; we therefore hypothesized that PrRP may be involved in the development of stress disorders. PrRP is produced by the medullary A1/A2 noradrenaline (NA) cells, which transmit stress signals to forebrain centers, and by non-NA cells in the hypothalamic dorsomedial nucleus. We found in male rats that both PrRP and PrRP-NA cells innervate melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) producing neurons in the dorsolateral hypothalamus (DLH). These cells serve as a key hub for regulating sleep and affective states. Ex vivo, PrRP hyperpolarized MCH neurons and further increased the hyperpolarization caused by NA. Following sleep deprivation, intracerebroventricular PrRP injection reduced the number of REM sleep-active MCH cells. PrRP expression in the dorsomedial nucleus was upregulated by sleep deprivation, while downregulated by REM sleep rebound. Both in learned helplessness paradigm and after peripheral inflammation, impaired coping with sustained stress was associated with (1) overactivation of PrRP cells, (2) PrRP protein and receptor depletion in the DLH, and (3) dysregulation of MCH expression. Exposure to stress in the PrRP-insensitive period led to increased passive coping with stress. Normal PrRP signaling, therefore, seems to protect animals against stress-related disorders. PrRP signaling in the DLH is an important component of the PrRP's action, which may be mediated by MCH neurons. Moreover, PrRP receptors were downregulated in the DLH of human suicidal victims. As stress-related mental disorders are the leading cause of suicide, our findings may have particular translational relevance.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Treatment resistance to monoaminergic antidepressants is a major problem. Neuropeptides that modulate the central monoaminergic signaling are promising targets for developing alternative therapeutic strategies. We found that stress-responsive prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP) cells innervated melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) neurons that are crucial in the regulation of sleep and mood. PrRP inhibited MCH cell activity and enhanced the inhibitory effect evoked by noradrenaline, a classic monoamine, on MCH neurons. We observed that impaired PrRP signaling led to failure in coping with chronic/repeated stress and was associated with altered MCH expression. We found alterations of the PrRP system also in suicidal human subjects. PrRP dysfunction may underlie stress disorders, and fine-tuning MCH activity by PrRP may be an important part of the mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szilvia Vas
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
- MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
| | - Rege S Papp
- Human Brain Tissue Bank and Laboratory, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Katalin Könczöl
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and In Situ Hybridization, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Emese Bogáthy
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
| | - Noémi Papp
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
| | - Csaba Ádori
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | - Máté Durst
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and In Situ Hybridization, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Klaudia Sípos
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and In Situ Hybridization, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Klementina Ocskay
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and In Situ Hybridization, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Imre Farkas
- Laboratory of Reproductive Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
- Laboratory of Endocrine Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
| | - Flóra Bálint
- Laboratory of Endocrine Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
| | - Szilamér Ferenci
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
| | - Bibiána Török
- Laboratory of Behavioral and Stress Studies, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Center, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Anita Kovács
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Center, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Evelin Szabó
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Center, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Dóra Zelena
- Laboratory of Behavioral and Stress Studies, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Center, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Krisztina J Kovács
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
| | - Anna Földes
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
| | - Erzsébet Kató
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
| | - László Köles
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
| | - György Bagdy
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
- MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
- NAP2-SE New Antidepressant Target Research Group, Budapest, 1085, Hungary
| | - Miklós Palkovits
- Human Brain Tissue Bank and Laboratory, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and In Situ Hybridization, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna E Tóth
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and In Situ Hybridization, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
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60
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Gong S, Deng F. Renin-angiotensin system: The underlying mechanisms and promising therapeutical target for depression and anxiety. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1053136. [PMID: 36761172 PMCID: PMC9902382 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1053136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Emotional disorders, including depression and anxiety, contribute considerably to morbidity across the world. Depression is a serious condition and is projected to be the top contributor to the global burden of disease by 2030. The role of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in hypertension and emotional disorders is well established. Evidence points to an association between elevated RAS activity and depression and anxiety, partly through the induction of neuroinflammation, stress, and oxidative stress. Therefore, blocking the RAS provides a theoretical basis for future treatment of anxiety and depression. The evidence for the positive effects of RAS blockers on depression and anxiety is reviewed, aiming to provide a promising target for novel anxiolytic and antidepressant medications and/or for improving the efficacy of currently available medications used for the treatment of anxiety and depression, which independent of blood pressure management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fang Deng
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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61
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Kurilova E, Sidorova M, Tuchina O. Single Prolonged Stress Decreases the Level of Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis in C57BL/6, but Not in House Mice. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:524-537. [PMID: 36661521 PMCID: PMC9857367 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Many people experience traumatic events during their lives, but not all of them develop severe mental pathologies, characterized by high levels of anxiety that persists for more than a month after psychological trauma, such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We used a single prolonged stress protocol in order to model PTSD in long-inbred C57BL/6 and wild-derived (house) female mice. The susceptibility of mice to single prolonged stress was assessed by behavior phenotyping in the Open Field and Elevated Plus Maze, the level of neuroinflammation in the hippocampus was estimated by real-time PCR to TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, Iba1 and GFAP, as well as immunohistochemical analysis of microglial morphology and mean fluorescence intensity for GFAP+ cells. The level of neurogenesis was analyzed by real-time PCR to Ki67, Sox2 and DCX as well as immunohistochemistry to Ki67. We showed that long-inbread C57BL/6 mice are more susceptible to a single prolonged stress protocol compared to wild-derived (house) mice. Stressed C57BL/6 mice demonstrated elevated expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the hippocampus, while in house mice no differences in cytokine expression were detected. Expression levels of Iba1 in the hippocampus did not change significantly after single prolonged stress, however GFAP expression increased substantially in stressed C57BL/6 mice. The number of Iba+ cells in the dentate gyrus also did not change after stress, but the morphology of Iba+ microglia in C57BL/6 animals allowed us to suggest that it was activated; house mice also had significantly more microglia than C57BL/6 animals. We suppose that decreased microglia levels in the hippocampus of C57BL/6 compared to house mice might be one of the reasons for their sensitivity to a single prolonged stress. Single prolonged stress reduced the number of Ki67+ proliferating cells in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus but only in C57BL/6 mice, not in house mice, with the majority of cells detected in the dorsal (septal) hippocampus in both. The increase in the expression level of DCX might be a compensatory reaction to stress; however, it does not necessarily mean that these immature neurons will be functionally integrated, and this issue needs to be investigated further.
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62
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Huang J, Xu F, Yang L, Tuolihong L, Wang X, Du Z, Zhang Y, Yin X, Li Y, Lu K, Wang W. Involvement of the GABAergic system in PTSD and its therapeutic significance. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1052288. [PMID: 36818657 PMCID: PMC9928765 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1052288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The neurobiological mechanism of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is poorly understood. The inhibition of GABA neurons, especially in the amygdala, is crucial for the precise regulation of the consolidation, expression, and extinction of fear conditioning. The GABAergic system is involved in the pathophysiological process of PTSD, with several studies demonstrating that the function of the GABAergic system decreases in PTSD patients. This paper reviews the preclinical and clinical studies, neuroimaging techniques, and pharmacological studies of the GABAergic system in PTSD and summarizes the role of the GABAergic system in PTSD. Understanding the role of the GABAergic system in PTSD and searching for new drug targets will be helpful in the treatment of PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Psychiatry of School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liping Yang
- Department of Applied Psychology of School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lina Tuolihong
- Department of Basic Medical of Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Eight-Year Master's and Doctoral Program in Clinical Medicine of the First Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zibo Du
- Eight-Year Master's and Doctoral Program in Clinical Medicine of the First Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiqi Zhang
- Eight-Year Master's and Doctoral Program in Clinical Medicine of the First Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuanlin Yin
- Department of Basic Medical of Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingjun Li
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kangrong Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanshan Wang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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63
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Johnston KJ, Huckins LM. Chronic Pain and Psychiatric Conditions. Complex Psychiatry 2023; 9:24-43. [PMID: 37034825 PMCID: PMC10080192 DOI: 10.1159/000527041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chronic pain is a common condition with high socioeconomic and public health burden. A wide range of psychiatric conditions are often comorbid with chronic pain and chronic pain conditions, negatively impacting successful treatment of either condition. The psychiatric condition receiving most attention in the past with regard to chronic pain comorbidity has been major depressive disorder, despite the fact that many other psychiatric conditions also demonstrate epidemiological and genetic overlap with chronic pain. Further understanding potential mechanisms involved in psychiatric and chronic pain comorbidity could lead to new treatment strategies both for each type of disorder in isolation and in scenarios of comorbidity. Methods This article provides an overview of relationships between DSM-5 psychiatric diagnoses and chronic pain, with particular focus on PTSD, ADHD, and BPD, disorders which are less commonly studied in conjunction with chronic pain. We also discuss potential mechanisms that may drive comorbidity, and present new findings on the genetic overlap of chronic pain and ADHD, and chronic pain and BPD using linkage disequilibrium score regression analyses. Results Almost all psychiatric conditions listed in the DSM-5 are associated with increased rates of chronic pain. ADHD and BPD are significantly genetically correlated with chronic pain. Psychiatric conditions aside from major depression are often under-researched with respect to their relationship with chronic pain. Conclusion Further understanding relationships between psychiatric conditions other than major depression (such as ADHD, BPD, and PTSD as exemplified here) and chronic pain can positively impact understanding of these disorders, and treatment of both psychiatric conditions and chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keira J.A. Johnston
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Laura M. Huckins
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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64
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Cosentino L, Zidda F, Dukal H, Witt SH, De Filippis B, Flor H. Low levels of Methyl-CpG binding protein 2 are accompanied by an increased vulnerability to the negative outcomes of stress exposure during childhood in healthy women. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:506. [PMID: 36481643 PMCID: PMC9731965 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02259-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous mental illnesses arise following stressful events in vulnerable individuals, with females being generally more affected than males. Adverse childhood experiences are known to increase the risk of developing psychopathologies and DNA methylation was demonstrated to drive the long-lasting effects of early life stress and promote stress susceptibility. Methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MECP2), an X-linked reader of the DNA methylome, is altered in many mental disorders of stress origin, suggesting MECP2 as a marker of stress susceptibility; previous works also suggest a link between MECP2 and early stress experiences. The present work explored whether a reduced expression of MECP2 is paralleled by an increased vulnerability to the negative outcomes of stress exposure during childhood. To this aim, blood MECP2 mRNA levels were analyzed in 63 people without history of mental disorders and traits pertaining to depressive and anxiety symptom clusters were assessed as proxies of the vulnerability to develop stress-related disorders; stress exposure during childhood was also evaluated. Using structural equation modeling, we demonstrate that reduced MECP2 expression is accompanied by symptoms of anxiety/depression in association with exposure to stress in early life, selectively in healthy women. These results suggest a gender-specific involvement of MECP2 in the maladaptive outcomes of childhood adversities, and shed new light on the complex biology underlying gender bias in stress susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Cosentino
- grid.416651.10000 0000 9120 6856Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Roma, Italy ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Francesca Zidda
- grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Helene Dukal
- grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stephanie H. Witt
- grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Bianca De Filippis
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Roma, Italy.
| | - Herta Flor
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
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65
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Maihofer AX, Engchuan W, Huguet G, Klein M, MacDonald JR, Shanta O, Thiruvahindrapuram B, Jean-Louis M, Saci Z, Jacquemont S, Scherer SW, Ketema E, Aiello AE, Amstadter AB, Avdibegović E, Babic D, Baker DG, Bisson JI, Boks MP, Bolger EA, Bryant RA, Bustamante AC, Caldas-de-Almeida JM, Cardoso G, Deckert J, Delahanty DL, Domschke K, Dunlop BW, Dzubur-Kulenovic A, Evans A, Feeny NC, Franz CE, Gautam A, Geuze E, Goci A, Hammamieh R, Jakovljevic M, Jett M, Jones I, Kaufman ML, Kessler RC, King AP, Kremen WS, Lawford BR, Lebois LAM, Lewis C, Liberzon I, Linnstaedt SD, Lugonja B, Luykx JJ, Lyons MJ, Mavissakalian MR, McLaughlin KA, McLean SA, Mehta D, Mellor R, Morris CP, Muhie S, Orcutt HK, Peverill M, Ratanatharathorn A, Risbrough VB, Rizzo A, Roberts AL, Rothbaum AO, Rothbaum BO, Roy-Byrne P, Ruggiero KJ, Rutten BPF, Schijven D, Seng JS, Sheerin CM, Sorenson MA, Teicher MH, Uddin M, Ursano RJ, Vinkers CH, Voisey J, Weber H, Winternitz S, Xavier M, Yang R, McD Young R, Zoellner LA, Salem RM, Shaffer RA, Wu T, Ressler KJ, Stein MB, Koenen KC, Sebat J, Nievergelt CM. Rare copy number variation in posttraumatic stress disorder. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:5062-5069. [PMID: 36131047 PMCID: PMC9763110 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01776-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a heritable (h2 = 24-71%) psychiatric illness. Copy number variation (CNV) is a form of rare genetic variation that has been implicated in the etiology of psychiatric disorders, but no large-scale investigation of CNV in PTSD has been performed. We present an association study of CNV burden and PTSD symptoms in a sample of 114,383 participants (13,036 cases and 101,347 controls) of European ancestry. CNVs were called using two calling algorithms and intersected to a consensus set. Quality control was performed to remove strong outlier samples. CNVs were examined for association with PTSD within each cohort using linear or logistic regression analysis adjusted for population structure and CNV quality metrics, then inverse variance weighted meta-analyzed across cohorts. We examined the genome-wide total span of CNVs, enrichment of CNVs within specified gene-sets, and CNVs overlapping individual genes and implicated neurodevelopmental regions. The total distance covered by deletions crossing over known neurodevelopmental CNV regions was significant (beta = 0.029, SE = 0.005, P = 6.3 × 10-8). The genome-wide neurodevelopmental CNV burden identified explains 0.034% of the variation in PTSD symptoms. The 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 microdeletion region was significantly associated with PTSD (beta = 0.0206, SE = 0.0056, P = 0.0002). No individual significant genes interrupted by CNV were identified. 22 gene pathways related to the function of the nervous system and brain were significant in pathway analysis (FDR q < 0.05), but these associations were not significant once NDD regions were removed. A larger sample size, better detection methods, and annotated resources of CNV are needed to explore this relationship further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam X Maihofer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Worrawat Engchuan
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Genetics and Genome Biology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The Hospital for Sick Children, The Centre for Applied Genomics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Guillaume Huguet
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Centre de Recherche, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marieke Klein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey R MacDonald
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Genetics and Genome Biology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Omar Shanta
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Martineau Jean-Louis
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Centre de Recherche, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Zohra Saci
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Centre de Recherche, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sebastien Jacquemont
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Centre de Recherche, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stephen W Scherer
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Genetics and Genome Biology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University of Toronto, McLaughlin Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Ketema
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, San Diego, CA, USA
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Allison E Aiello
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert N Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ananda B Amstadter
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Esmina Avdibegović
- Department of Psychiatry, University Clinical Center of Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Dragan Babic
- Department of Psychiatry, University Clinical Center of Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Dewleen G Baker
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, San Diego, CA, USA
- Psychiatry Service, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan I Bisson
- MRC Centre for Psychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, National Centre for Mental Health, Cardiff, South Glamorgan, UK
| | - Marco P Boks
- Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Elizabeth A Bolger
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Richard A Bryant
- Department of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Angela C Bustamante
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Graça Cardoso
- Lisbon Institute of Global Mental Health and Comprehensive Health Research Centre, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jurgen Deckert
- University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Center of Mental Health, Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Douglas L Delahanty
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
- Research and Sponsored Programs, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Katharina Domschke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Basics in Neuromodulation, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Boadie W Dunlop
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Alma Dzubur-Kulenovic
- Department of Psychiatry, University Clinical Center of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Alexandra Evans
- MRC Centre for Psychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, National Centre for Mental Health, Cardiff, South Glamorgan, UK
| | - Norah C Feeny
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Carol E Franz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Aarti Gautam
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Elbert Geuze
- Netherlands Ministry of Defence, Brain Research and Innovation Centre, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Aferdita Goci
- Department of Psychiatry, University Clinical Centre of Kosovo, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Rasha Hammamieh
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Miro Jakovljevic
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Center of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marti Jett
- US Medical Research & Development Comm, Fort Detrick, MD, USA
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Headquarter, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Ian Jones
- MRC Centre for Psychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, National Centre for Mental Health, Cardiff, South Glamorgan, UK
| | - Milissa L Kaufman
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Ronald C Kessler
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anthony P King
- Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - William S Kremen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Bruce R Lawford
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia
| | - Lauren A M Lebois
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Catrin Lewis
- MRC Centre for Psychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, National Centre for Mental Health, Cardiff, South Glamorgan, UK
| | - Israel Liberzon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Sarah D Linnstaedt
- Institute for Trauma Recovery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Bozo Lugonja
- MRC Centre for Psychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, National Centre for Mental Health, Cardiff, South Glamorgan, UK
| | - Jurjen J Luykx
- Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, UMC Utrecht Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Michael J Lyons
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Samuel A McLean
- Institute for Trauma Recovery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, UNC Institute for Trauma Recovery, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Divya Mehta
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia
- Queensland University of Technology, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia
| | - Rebecca Mellor
- Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation, Greenslopes Private Hospital, Greenslopes, QLD, Australia
| | - Charles Phillip Morris
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia
| | - Seid Muhie
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Holly K Orcutt
- Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
| | - Matthew Peverill
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Andrew Ratanatharathorn
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailmain School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Victoria B Risbrough
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, San Diego, CA, USA
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Albert Rizzo
- University of Southern California, Institute for Creative Technologies, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andrea L Roberts
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alex O Rothbaum
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Barbara O Rothbaum
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Peter Roy-Byrne
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kenneth J Ruggiero
- Department of Nursing and Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Bart P F Rutten
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht Universitair Medisch Centrum, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht, Limburg, the Netherlands
| | - Dick Schijven
- Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, UMC Utrecht Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Julia S Seng
- University of Michigan, School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Women's and Gender Studies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan, Institute for Research on Women and Gender, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Christina M Sheerin
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Michael A Sorenson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Martin H Teicher
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Developmental Biopsychiatry Research Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Monica Uddin
- Genomics Program, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Robert J Ursano
- Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christiaan H Vinkers
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Sleep & Stress Program, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joanne Voisey
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia
- Queensland University of Technology, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia
| | - Heike Weber
- University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Center of Mental Health, Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Sherry Winternitz
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Miguel Xavier
- Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Nova Medical School, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ruoting Yang
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Ross McD Young
- Queensland University of Technology, School of Clinical Sciences, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia
- University of the Sunshine Coast, The Chancellory, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia
| | - Lori A Zoellner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rany M Salem
- University of California San Diego, Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Richard A Shaffer
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Sciences, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Tianying Wu
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, San Diego State University, School of Public Health, San Diego, CA, USA
- University of California, San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Kerry J Ressler
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Murray B Stein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Psychiatry Service, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- University of California San Diego, School of Public Health, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Karestan C Koenen
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit (PNGU), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan Sebat
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Caroline M Nievergelt
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, San Diego, CA, USA
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
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Bassil K, De Nijs L, Rutten BPF, Van Den Hove DLA, Kenis G. In vitro modeling of glucocorticoid mechanisms in stress-related mental disorders: Current challenges and future perspectives. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1046357. [DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1046357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, in vitro models has been attracting a great deal of attention for the investigation of a number of mechanisms underlying neurological and mental disorders, including stress-related disorders, for which human brain material has rarely been available. Neuronal cultures have been extensively used to investigate the neurobiological effects of stress hormones, in particular glucocorticoids. Despite great advancements in this area, several challenges and limitations of studies attempting to model and investigate stress-related mechanisms in vitro exist. Such experiments often come along with non-standardized definitions stress paradigms in vitro, variations in cell models and cell types investigated, protocols with differing glucocorticoid concentrations and exposure times, and variability in the assessment of glucocorticoid-induced phenotypes, among others. Hence, drawing consensus conclusions from in-vitro stress studies is challenging. Addressing these limitations and aligning methodological aspects will be the first step towards an improved and standardized way of conducting in vitro studies into stress-related disorders, and is indispensable to reach the full potential of in vitro neuronal models. Here, we consider the most important challenges that need to be overcome and provide initial guidelines to achieve improved use of in vitro neuronal models for investigating mechanisms underlying the development of stress-related mental disorders.
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Aydın O, Obuća F, Çakıroğlu E, Ünal-Aydın P, Esen-Danacı A. The effect of mindfulness and metacognition on anxiety symptoms: a case-control study. MIDDLE EAST CURRENT PSYCHIATRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43045-022-00260-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Anxiety disorders (ADs) are associated with numerous psychiatric disorders; despite the efforts in psychotherapy models targeting their etiology, novel treatment strategies are still developing. We aimed to assess whether mindfulness and metacognition differ between patients with ADs and healthy controls (HCs) and whether the symptom severity of ADs is related to mindfulness and metacognition among patients. Two-hundred participants were enrolled in this study. Structured clinical interview, sociodemographic form, Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire-Short Form, Metacognition Questionnaire-30, and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale were administered. Multivariate analysis of covariance was conducted to compare the groups in terms of mindfulness and metacognition. Correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to measure the association between the variables.
Results
The main finding indicates that positive beliefs about worry are associated with reduced symptom severity of ADs. Furthermore, HCs have more positive beliefs about worry and nonjudging of inner experience compared to patients with ADs, who utilize negative beliefs about uncontrollability and danger and need to control thoughts to a greater extent.
Conclusions
This study demonstrates that dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs may influence the anxiety severity of adult patients. We suggest that focusing on reducing maladaptive metacognitions may be supportive of AD improvement.
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Cao-Lei L, Saumier D, Fortin J, Brunet A. A narrative review of the epigenetics of post-traumatic stress disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder treatment. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:857087. [PMID: 36419982 PMCID: PMC9676221 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.857087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic research in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is essential, given that environmental stressors and fear play such a crucial role in its development. As such, it may provide a framework for understanding individual differences in the prevalence of the disorder and in treatment response. This paper reviews the epigenetic markers associated with PTSD and its treatment, including candidate genes and epigenome-wide studies. Because the etiopathogenesis of PTSD rests heavily on learning and memory, we also draw upon animal neuroepigenetic research on the acquisition, update and erasure of fear memory, focusing on the mechanisms associated with memory reconsolidation. Reconsolidation blockade (or impairment) treatment in PTSD has been studied in clinical trials and, from a neurological perspective, may hold promise for identifying epigenetic markers of successful therapy. We conclude this paper by discussing several key considerations and challenges in epigenetic research on PTSD in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cao-Lei
- Research Center of the Douglas Mental Health University Institute (CIUSSS-ODIM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Daniel Saumier
- Research Center of the Douglas Mental Health University Institute (CIUSSS-ODIM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Justine Fortin
- Research Center of the Douglas Mental Health University Institute (CIUSSS-ODIM), Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alain Brunet
- Research Center of the Douglas Mental Health University Institute (CIUSSS-ODIM), Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Abstract
Major stress has systemic effects on the body that can have adverse consequences for physical and mental health. However, the molecular basis of these damaging effects remains incompletely understood. Here we use a longitudinal approach to characterise the acute systemic impact of major psychological stress in a pig model. We perform untargeted metabolomics on non-invasively obtained saliva samples from pigs before and 24 h after transfer to the novel physical and social environment of a slaughterhouse. The main molecular changes occurring include decreases in amino acids, B-vitamins, and amino acid-derived metabolites synthesized in B-vitamin-dependent reactions, as well as yet-unidentified metabolite features. Decreased levels of several of the identified metabolites are implicated in the pathology of human psychological disorders and neurodegenerative disease, suggesting a possible neuroprotective function. Our results provide a fingerprint of the acute effect of psychological stress on the metabolome and suggest candidate biomarkers with potential roles in stress-related disorders.
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Parental post-traumatic stress disorder and increased risk of chronic pain conditions and major psychiatric disorders in their offspring. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2022; 79:152-157. [PMID: 36379154 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2022.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research suggests that individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have higher risk of chronic pain symptoms. It remains unknown whether risk of chronic pain symptoms occurs in the offspring of parents with PTSD. This study aimed to explore the risk of chronic pain conditions and depression in the offspring of parents with PTSD. METHODS Between 1996 and 2011, we included subjects whose parents had PTSD and controls with parents without PTSD or any major psychiatric disorders (MPDs) from the Taiwan National Health Research Database. The controls (1:10) were matched for age, sex, time of birth, income, and residence. Poisson regression was applied to estimate the risk of chronic pain conditions and MPDs between case and control cohorts during the study period. The chronic pain conditions assessed were migraine, tension headache, fibromyalgia, peripheral neuropathy, dorsopathies, dysmenorrhea, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and dyspepsia. RESULTS We included 1139 cases and 11,390 matched controls. After adjusting for demographics and family history of psychiatric comorbidities, offspring of parents with PTSD had higher risk for depressive disorder [reported as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.59, 1.71-3.92] than controls. For chronic pain conditions, offspring of parents with PTSD had higher risk for migraine (2.01, 1.01-3.98) and IBS (1.55, 1.02-2.34) than controls. CONCLUSIONS Healthcare workers should be aware that offspring of parents with PTSD have a higher risk of chronic pain conditions and depressive disorder. Further intervention to mitigate the risk is warranted.
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Herrera-Rivero M, Bohn L, Witten A, Jüngling K, Kaiser S, Richter SH, Stoll M, Sachser N. Transcriptional profiles in the mouse amygdala after a cognitive judgment bias test largely depend on the genotype. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:1025389. [DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1025389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The amygdala is crucial for emotional cognitive processing. Affective or emotional states can bias cognitive processes, including attention, memory, and decision-making. This can result in optimistic or pessimistic behaviors that are partially driven by the activation of the amygdala. The resulting emotional cognitive bias is a common feature of anxiety and mood disorders, both of which are interactively influenced by genetic and environmental factors. It is also known that emotional cognitive biases can be influenced by environmental factors. However, little is known about the effects of genetics and/or gene-environment interactions on emotional cognitive biases. We investigated the effects of the genetic background and environmental enrichment on the transcriptional profiles of the mouse amygdala following a well-established cognitive bias test.Methods: Twenty-four female C57BL/6J and B6D2F1N mice were housed either in standard (control) conditions or in an enriched environment. After appropriate training, the cognitive bias test was performed on 19 mice that satisfactorily completed the training scheme to assess their responses to ambiguous cues. This allowed us to calculate an “optimism score” for each mouse. Subsequently, we dissected the anterior and posterior portions of the amygdala to perform RNA-sequencing for differential expression and other statistical analyses.Results: In general, we found only minor changes in the amygdala’s transcriptome associated with the levels of optimism in our mice. In contrast, we observed wide molecular effects of the genetic background in both housing environments. The C57BL/6J animals showed more transcriptional changes in response to enriched environments than the B6D2F1N mice. We also generally found more dysregulated genes in the posterior than in the anterior portion of the amygdala. Gene set overrepresentation analyses consistently implicated cellular metabolic responses and immune processes in the differences observed between mouse strains, while processes favoring neurogenesis and neurotransmission were implicated in the responses to environmental enrichment. In a correlation analysis, lipid metabolism in the anterior amygdala was suggested to influence the levels of optimism.Conclusions: Our observations underscore the importance of selecting appropriate animal models when performing molecular studies of affective conditions or emotional states, and suggest an important role of immune and stress responses in the genetic component of emotion regulation.
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Ahrens KF, Neumann RJ, von Werthern NM, Kranz TM, Kollmann B, Mattes B, Puhlmann LMC, Weichert D, Lutz B, Basten U, Fiebach CJ, Wessa M, Kalisch R, Lieb K, Chiocchetti AG, Tüscher O, Reif A, Plichta MM. Association of polygenic risk scores and hair cortisol with mental health trajectories during COVID lockdown. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:396. [PMID: 36130942 PMCID: PMC9490720 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02165-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is a global stressor with inter-individually differing influences on mental health trajectories. Polygenic Risk Scores (PRSs) for psychiatric phenotypes are associated with individual mental health predispositions. Elevated hair cortisol concentrations (HCC) and high PRSs are related to negative mental health outcomes. We analyzed whether PRSs and HCC are related to different mental health trajectories during the first COVID lockdown in Germany. Among 523 participants selected from the longitudinal resilience assessment study (LORA), we previously reported three subgroups (acute dysfunction, delayed dysfunction, resilient) based on weekly mental health (GHQ-28) assessment during COVID lockdown. DNA from blood was collected at the baseline of the original LORA study (n = 364) and used to calculate the PRSs of 12 different psychopathological phenotypes. An explorative bifactor model with Schmid-Leiman transformation was calculated to extract a general genetic factor for psychiatric disorders. Hair samples were collected quarterly prior to the pandemic for determining HCC (n = 192). Bivariate logistic regressions were performed to test the associations of HCC and the PRS factors with the reported trajectories. The bifactor model revealed 1 general factor and 4 sub-factors. Results indicate a significant association between increased values on the general risk factor and the allocation to the acute dysfunction class. The same was found for elevated HCC and the exploratorily tested sub-factor "childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorders". Genetic risk and long-term cortisol secretion as a potential indicator of stress, indicated by PRSs and HCC, respectively, predicted different mental health trajectories. Results indicate a potential for future studies on risk prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira F. Ahrens
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Rebecca J. Neumann
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nina M. von Werthern
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Thorsten M. Kranz
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Bianca Kollmann
- grid.410607.4Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany ,grid.509458.50000 0004 8087 0005Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
| | - Björn Mattes
- grid.6546.10000 0001 0940 1669Institute of Psychology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Lara M. C. Puhlmann
- grid.509458.50000 0004 8087 0005Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
| | - Danuta Weichert
- grid.410607.4Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Beat Lutz
- grid.509458.50000 0004 8087 0005Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany ,grid.410607.4Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ulrike Basten
- grid.7839.50000 0004 1936 9721Department of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany ,grid.7839.50000 0004 1936 9721Brain Imaging Center, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christian J. Fiebach
- grid.7839.50000 0004 1936 9721Department of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany ,grid.7839.50000 0004 1936 9721Brain Imaging Center, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Michèle Wessa
- grid.509458.50000 0004 8087 0005Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany ,grid.5802.f0000 0001 1941 7111Department of Clinical Psychology and Neuropsychology, Institute for Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Raffael Kalisch
- grid.509458.50000 0004 8087 0005Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany ,grid.410607.4Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Klaus Lieb
- grid.410607.4Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany ,grid.509458.50000 0004 8087 0005Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas G. Chiocchetti
- grid.7839.50000 0004 1936 9721Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Oliver Tüscher
- grid.410607.4Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany ,grid.509458.50000 0004 8087 0005Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Reif
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Michael M. Plichta
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Frankfurt, Germany
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Li D, Gao R, Qin L, Yue H, Sang N. New Insights into Prenatal NO 2 Exposure and Behavioral Abnormalities in Male Offspring: Disturbed Serotonin Metabolism and Delayed Oligodendrocyte Development. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:11536-11546. [PMID: 35895862 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c03037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies show that prenatal exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) might cause behavioral abnormalities in childhood. However, toxicological mechanisms for such effects remain unclear, and it is still difficult to define adverse outcome pathways linking exposures to behavioral phenotypes. In this study, by exposing pregnant mice to NO2 (2.5 ppm, 5 h/day) throughout gestation, we provided the first experimental evidence that prenatal NO2 exposure did cause anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in weaning male offspring but not females. Specifically, the behavioral abnormalities were associated with abnormal myelination and the alterations attributed to the delayed oligodendrocyte (OL) development in the fetus and the early stage after birth. The expression of platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (Pdgfr-α) and Olig2 significantly decreased in the NO2 group at E13.5 and E15.5, and the expression of Olig2, adenomatous polyposis coli colon (Cc1), and myelin basic protein (Mbp) was reduced in offspring at PNDs 1, 7, and 21. We performed the targeted metabolomic analysis of neurotransmitters in the placenta and found that prenatal exposure to NO2 disturbed the metabolism of placental neurotransmitters. Serotonin (5-HT) was transferred from the placenta to the fetus at E10.5, and its accumulation in the fetal forebrain might affect oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) differentiation and OL maturation and eventually be involved in behavioral abnormalities. Our findings provide new insights into the association between prenatal NO2 exposure with anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in male offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, P. R. China
| | - Rui Gao
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, P. R. China
| | - Liyao Qin
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, P. R. China
| | - Huifeng Yue
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, P. R. China
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, P. R. China
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Gémes K, Bergström J, Papola D, Barbui C, Lam AIF, Hall BJ, Seedat S, Morina N, Quero S, Campos D, Pinucci I, Tarsitani L, Deguen S, van der Waerden J, Patanè M, Sijbrandij M, Acartürk C, Burchert S, Bryant RA, Mittendorfer-Rutz E. Symptoms of anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic in six European countries and Australia - Differences by prior mental disorders and migration status. J Affect Disord 2022; 311:214-223. [PMID: 35598751 PMCID: PMC9119165 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.05.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about changes of mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in potentially disadvantaged groups. We investigated changes in anxiety and depression symptoms during the first year of the pandemic in six European countries and Australia by prior mental disorders and migration status. METHODS Overall, 4674 adults answered a web-based survey in May-June 2020 and were followed by three repeated surveys up to February 2021. Information on psychosocial, financial and demographic, living conditions, prior mental disorders, depression and anxiety symptoms during the pandemic and migration status was collected. Weighted general estimation equations modelling was used to investigate the association between prior mental disorders, migration status, and symptoms over time. RESULTS Most participants were <40 years old (48%), women (78%) and highly educated (62%). The baseline prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms ranged between 19%-45% and 13%-35%, respectively. In most countries, prevalence rates remained unchanged throughout the pandemic and were higher among people with prior mental disorders than without even after adjustment for several factors. We observed interactions between previous mental disorders and symptoms of anxiety or depression over time in two countries. No difference by migration status was noted. LIMITATIONS Convenience sampling limits generalizability. Self-assessed symptoms of depression and anxiety might involve some misclassification. CONCLUSIONS Depression and anxiety symptoms were worse among individuals with prior mental disorders than without, but there was no clear trend of worsening mental health in the observed groups during the observed period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Gémes
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Jakob Bergström
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Davide Papola
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Corrado Barbui
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Agnes Iok Fong Lam
- Centre for Macau Studies, University of Macau, Macao (SAR), People's Republic of China
| | - Brian J Hall
- Center for Global Health Equity, New York University (Shanghai), Shanghai, People Republic of China; School of Public Health, New York University, New York, USA
| | - Soraya Seedat
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Naser Morina
- Department of Consultation-Liason Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Soledad Quero
- Department of Basic, Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Campos
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, Huesca, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IISAragon), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Irene Pinucci
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Department of Clinical, Neuro-, and Developmental Psychology, WHO Collaborating Center for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Tarsitani
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Séverine Deguen
- INSERM U1136, Sorbonne Université, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Social Epidemiology Research Team, Paris, France; EHESP School of Public Health, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Rennes, France
| | - Judith van der Waerden
- INSERM U1136, Sorbonne Université, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Social Epidemiology Research Team, Paris, France
| | - Martina Patanè
- Department of Clinical, Neuro-, and Developmental Psychology, WHO Collaborating Center for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marit Sijbrandij
- Department of Clinical, Neuro-, and Developmental Psychology, WHO Collaborating Center for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ceren Acartürk
- Department of Psychology, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sebastian Burchert
- Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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75
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Yan L, Wei J, Yang F, Wang M, Wang S, Cheng T, Liu X, Jia Y, So K, Zhang L. Physical Exercise Prevented Stress-Induced Anxiety via Improving Brain RNA Methylation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105731. [PMID: 35642952 PMCID: PMC9404392 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Physical exercise is effective in alleviating mental disorders by improving synaptic transmission; however, the link between body endurance training and neural adaptation has not yet been completely resolved. In this study, the authors investigated the role of RNA N6 -methyladenosine (m6A), an emerging epigenetic mechanism, in improved resilience against chronic restraint stress. A combination of molecular, behavioral, and in vivo recording data demonstrates exercise-mediated restoration of m6A in the mouse medial prefrontal cortex, whose activity is potentiated to exert anxiolytic effects. Furthermore, it is revealed that hepatic biosynthesis of one methyl donor is necessary for exercise to improve brain RNA m6A to counteract environmental stress. This novel liver-brain axis provides an explanation for brain network changes upon exercise training and provides new insights into the diagnosis and treatment of anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Central CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Institute of CNS RegenerationJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632P. R. China
| | - Ji‐an Wei
- Key Laboratory of Central CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Institute of CNS RegenerationJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632P. R. China
| | - Fengzhen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Central CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Institute of CNS RegenerationJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632P. R. China
| | - Mei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Central CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Institute of CNS RegenerationJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632P. R. China
| | - Siqi Wang
- College of Life Science and TechnologyJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632P. R. China
| | - Tong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Central CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Institute of CNS RegenerationJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632P. R. China
| | - Xuanjun Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated HospitalJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632P. R. China
| | - Yanbin Jia
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated HospitalJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632P. R. China
- Institute of Clinical Research for Mental Health, The First Affiliated HospitalJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632P. R. China
| | - Kwok‐Fai So
- Key Laboratory of Central CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Institute of CNS RegenerationJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632P. R. China
- Institute of Clinical Research for Mental Health, The First Affiliated HospitalJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong SARP. R. China
- Center for Brain Science and Brain‐Inspired IntelligenceGuangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macao Greater Bay AreaGuangzhou510515P. R. China
- Co‐Innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityJiangsu226019P. R. China
- Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation InstituteUniversity of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesQingdao266000P. R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Central CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Institute of CNS RegenerationJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632P. R. China
- Institute of Clinical Research for Mental Health, The First Affiliated HospitalJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632P. R. China
- Center for Brain Science and Brain‐Inspired IntelligenceGuangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macao Greater Bay AreaGuangzhou510515P. R. China
- Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation InstituteUniversity of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesQingdao266000P. R. China
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76
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Sex Differences in Comorbidity Combinations in the Swedish Population. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12070949. [PMID: 35883505 PMCID: PMC9313065 DOI: 10.3390/biom12070949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
High comorbidity rates, especially mental–physical comorbidity, constitute an increasing health care burden, with women and men being differentially affected. To gain an overview of comorbidity rates stratified by sex across a range of different conditions, this study examines comorbidity patterns within and between cardiovascular, pulmonary, skin, endocrine, digestive, urogenital, musculoskeletal, neurological diseases, and psychiatric conditions. Self-report data from the LifeGene cohort of 31,825 participants from the general Swedish population (62.5% female, 18–84 years) were analyzed. Pairwise comorbidity rates of 54 self-reported conditions in women and men and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for their comparison were calculated. Overall, the rate of pairwise disease combinations with significant comorbidity was higher in women than men (14.36% vs. 9.40%). Among psychiatric conditions, this rate was considerably high, with 41.76% in women and 39.01% in men. The highest percentages of elevated mental–physical comorbidity in women were found for musculoskeletal diseases (21.43%), digestive diseases (20.71%), and skin diseases (13.39%); in men, for musculoskeletal diseases (14.29%), neurological diseases (11.22%), and digestive diseases (10%). Implications include the need for integrating mental and physical health care services and a shift from a disease-centered to an individualized, patient-centered focus in clinical care.
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77
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Kang YW, Sun TH, Kim GY, Jung HY, Kim HJ, Lee S, Park YR, Tu J, Lee JH, Choi KY, Cho CH. Design and Methods of a Prospective Smartphone App-Based Study for Digital Phenotyping of Mood and Anxiety Symptoms Mixed With Centralized and Decentralized Research Form: The Search Your Mind (S.Y.M., ) Project. Psychiatry Investig 2022; 19:588-594. [PMID: 35903061 PMCID: PMC9334802 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2022.0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the Search Your Mind (S.Y.M., ) project aimed to collect prospective digital phenotypic data centered on mood and anxiety symptoms across psychiatric disorders through a smartphone application (app) platform while using both centralized and decentralized research designs: the centralized research design is a hybrid of a general prospective observational study and a digital platform-based study, and it includes face-to-face research such as informed written consent, clinical evaluation, and blood sampling. It also includes digital phenotypic assessment through an application-based platform using wearable devices. Meanwhile, the decentralized research design is a non-face-to-face study in which anonymous participants agree to electronic informed consent forms on the app. It also exclusively uses an application-based platform to acquire individualized digital phenotypic data. We expect to collect clinical, biological, and digital phenotypic data centered on mood and anxiety symptoms, and we propose a possible model of centralized and decentralized research design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Won Kang
- Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tai Hui Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga-Yeong Kim
- Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Young Jung
- Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Seulki Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Rang Park
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaiden Tu
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Jae-Hon Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Kwang-Yeon Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Hyun Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
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78
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Weber H, Maihofer AX, Jaksic N, Bojic EF, Kucukalic S, Dzananovic ES, Uka AG, Hoxha B, Haxhibeqiri V, Haxhibeqiri S, Kravic N, Umihanic MM, Franc AC, Babic R, Pavlovic M, Mehmedbasic AB, Aukst-Margetic B, Kucukalic A, Marjanovic D, Babic D, Bozina N, Jakovljevic M, Sinanovic O, Avdibegović E, Agani F, Warrings B, Domschke K, Nievergelt CM, Deckert J, Dzubur-Kulenovic A, Erhardt A. Association of polygenic risk scores, traumatic life events and coping strategies with war-related PTSD diagnosis and symptom severity in the South Eastern Europe (SEE)-PTSD cohort. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2022; 129:661-674. [PMID: 34837533 PMCID: PMC9188618 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-021-02446-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is triggered by extremely stressful environmental events and characterized by high emotional distress, re-experiencing of trauma, avoidance and hypervigilance. The present study uses polygenic risk scores (PRS) derived from the UK Biobank (UKBB) mega-cohort analysis as part of the PGC PTSD GWAS effort to determine the heritable basis of PTSD in the South Eastern Europe (SEE)-PTSD cohort. We further analyzed the relation between PRS and additional disease-related variables, such as number and intensity of life events, coping, sex and age at war on PTSD and CAPS as outcome variables. METHODS Association of PRS, number and intensity of life events, coping, sex and age on PTSD were calculated using logistic regression in a total of 321 subjects with current and remitted PTSD and 337 controls previously subjected to traumatic events but not having PTSD. In addition, PRS and other disease-related variables were tested for association with PTSD symptom severity, measured by the Clinician Administrated PTSD Scale (CAPS) by liner regression. To assess the relationship between the main outcomes PTSD diagnosis and symptom severity, each of the examined variables was adjusted for all other PTSD related variables. RESULTS The categorical analysis showed significant polygenic risk in patients with remitted PTSD and the total sample, whereas no effects were found on symptom severity. Intensity of life events as well as the individual coping style were significantly associated with PTSD diagnosis in both current and remitted cases. The dimensional analyses showed as association of war-related frequency of trauma with symptom severity, whereas the intensity of trauma yielded significant results independently of trauma timing in current PTSD. CONCLUSIONS The present PRS application in the SEE-PTSD cohort confirms modest but significant polygenic risk for PTSD diagnosis. Environmental factors, mainly the intensity of traumatic life events and negative coping strategies, yielded associations with PTSD both categorically and dimensionally with more significant p-values. This suggests that, at least in the present cohort of war-related trauma, the association of environmental factors and current individual coping strategies with PTSD psychopathology was stronger than the polygenic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Weber
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Centre of Mental Health, Julius-Maximilians-University, Margarete-Höppel-Platz 1, 97080, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Adam X Maihofer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nenad Jaksic
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Elma Feric Bojic
- Department for Genetic and Biotechnology, International Burch University, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Sabina Kucukalic
- Department of Psychiatry, University Clinical Center, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | | | - Aferdita Goci Uka
- Department of Psychiatry, University Clinical Center of Kosovo, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Blerina Hoxha
- Department of Psychiatry, University Clinical Center of Kosovo, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Valdete Haxhibeqiri
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University Clinical Center of Kosovo, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Shpend Haxhibeqiri
- Institute of Kosovo Forensic Psychiatry, University Clinical Center of Kosovo, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Nermina Kravic
- Department of Psychiatry, University Clinical Center of Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | | | - Ana Cima Franc
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Romana Babic
- Department of Psychiatry, University Clinical Center of Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Marko Pavlovic
- Department of Psychiatry, University Clinical Center of Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | | | | | - Abdulah Kucukalic
- Department of Psychiatry, University Clinical Center, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Damir Marjanovic
- Department for Genetic and Biotechnology, International Burch University, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Center for Applied Bioanthropology, Institute for Anthropological Researches, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dragan Babic
- Department of Psychiatry, University Clinical Center of Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Nada Bozina
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Miro Jakovljevic
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Osman Sinanovic
- Department of Neurology, University Clinical Center of Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Esmina Avdibegović
- Department of Psychiatry, University Clinical Center of Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Ferid Agani
- Faculty of Medicine, University Hasan Prishtina, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Bodo Warrings
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Centre of Mental Health, Julius-Maximilians-University, Margarete-Höppel-Platz 1, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Domschke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Jürgen Deckert
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Centre of Mental Health, Julius-Maximilians-University, Margarete-Höppel-Platz 1, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alma Dzubur-Kulenovic
- Department of Psychiatry, University Clinical Center, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Angelika Erhardt
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Centre of Mental Health, Julius-Maximilians-University, Margarete-Höppel-Platz 1, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
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79
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Margolis AE, Liu R, Conceição VA, Ramphal B, Pagliaccio D, DeSerisy ML, Koe E, Selmanovic E, Raudales A, Emanet N, Quinn AE, Beebe B, Pearson BL, Herbstman JB, Rauh VA, Fifer WP, Fox NA, Champagne FA. Convergent neural correlates of prenatal exposure to air pollution and behavioral phenotypes of risk for internalizing and externalizing problems: Potential biological and cognitive pathways. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 137:104645. [PMID: 35367513 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Humans are ubiquitously exposed to neurotoxicants in air pollution, causing increased risk for psychiatric outcomes. Effects of prenatal exposure to air pollution on early emerging behavioral phenotypes that increase risk of psychopathology remain understudied. We review animal models that represent analogues of human behavioral phenotypes that are risk markers for internalizing and externalizing problems (behavioral inhibition, behavioral exuberance, irritability), and identify commonalities among the neural mechanisms underlying these behavioral phenotypes and the neural targets of three types of air pollutants (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, traffic-related air pollutants, fine particulate matter < 2.5 µm). We conclude that prenatal exposure to air pollutants increases risk for behavioral inhibition and irritability through distinct mechanisms, including altered dopaminergic signaling and hippocampal morphology, neuroinflammation, and decreased brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression. Future studies should investigate these effects in human longitudinal studies incorporating complex exposure measurement methods, neuroimaging, and behavioral characterization of temperament phenotypes and neurocognitive processing to facilitate efforts aimed at improving long-lasting developmental benefits for children, particularly those living in areas with high levels of exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E Margolis
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Ran Liu
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vasco A Conceição
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Bruce Ramphal
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Pagliaccio
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mariah L DeSerisy
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emily Koe
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ena Selmanovic
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amarelis Raudales
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nur Emanet
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aurabelle E Quinn
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Beatrice Beebe
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brandon L Pearson
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Julie B Herbstman
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Virginia A Rauh
- Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Heilbrunn Department of Population & Family Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - William P Fifer
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Division of Developmental Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nathan A Fox
- Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA; Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
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80
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Olfson E, Lebowitz ER, Hommel G, Pashankar N, Silverman WK, Fernandez TV. Whole-exome DNA sequencing in childhood anxiety disorders identifies rare de novo damaging coding variants. Depress Anxiety 2022; 39:474-484. [PMID: 35312124 PMCID: PMC9246845 DOI: 10.1002/da.23251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic factors contribute to the development of anxiety disorders, yet few risk genes have been previously identified. One genomic approach that has achieved success in identifying risk genes in related childhood neuropsychiatric conditions is investigations of de novo variants, which has yet to be leveraged in childhood anxiety disorders. METHODS We performed whole-exome DNA sequencing in 76 parent-child trios (68 trios after quality control) recruited from a childhood anxiety disorder clinic and compared rates of rare and ultra-rare de novo variants with 790 previously sequenced control trios (783 trios after quality control). We then explored overlap with risk genes for other neuropsychiatric conditions and enrichment in biologic pathways. RESULTS Rare and ultra-rare de novo likely gene disrupting and predicted damaging missense genetic variants are enriched in anxiety disorder probands compared with controls (rare variant rate ratio 1.97, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.11-3.34, p = .03; ultra-rare variant rate ratio 2.59, 95% CI: 1.35-4.70, p = .008). These de novo damaging variants occur in individuals with a variety of childhood anxiety disorders and impact genes that have been associated with other neuropsychiatric conditions. Exploratory network analyses reveal enrichment of deleterious variants in canonical biological pathways. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide a path for identifying risk genes and promising biologic pathways in childhood anxiety disorders by de novo genetic variant detection. Our results suggest the discovery potential of applying this approach in larger anxiety disorder cohorts to advance our understanding of the underlying biology of these common and debilitating conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Olfson
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT,Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Eli R. Lebowitz
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT
| | - Grace Hommel
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT
| | - Neha Pashankar
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT
| | - Wendy K. Silverman
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT
| | - Thomas V. Fernandez
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT,Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
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81
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Du J, Diao H, Zhou X, Zhang C, Chen Y, Gao Y, Wang Y. Post-traumatic stress disorder: a psychiatric disorder requiring urgent attention. MEDICAL REVIEW (BERLIN, GERMANY) 2022; 2:219-243. [PMID: 37724188 PMCID: PMC10388753 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2022-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a severe and heterogenous psychiatric disorder that was first defined as a mental disorder in 1980. Currently, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-5) and the International Classification of Diseases 11th Edition (ICD-11) offer the most widely accepted diagnostic guidelines for PTSD. In both diagnostic categories, experiencing a traumatic event (TE) is the necessary criterion for diagnosing PTSD. The TEs described in the DSM-5 include actual or threatened death, serious injury, sexual violence, and other extreme stressors, either directly or indirectly. More than 70% of adults worldwide are exposed to a TE at least once in their lifetime, and approximately 10% of individuals develop PTSD after experiencing a TE. The important features of PTSD are intrusion or re-experiencing fear memories, pervasive sense of threat, active avoidance, hyperarousal symptoms, and negative alterations of cognition and mood. Individuals with PTSD have high comorbidities with other psychiatric diseases, including major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and substance use disorder. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that the pathophysiology of PTSD is complex, involving abnormal neural circuits, molecular mechanisms, and genetic mechanisms. A combination of both psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy is used to treat PTSD, but has limited efficacy in patients with refractory PTSD. Because of the high prevalence, heavy burden, and limited treatments, PTSD is a psychiatric disorder that requires urgent attention. In this review, we summarize and discuss the diagnosis, prevalence, TEs, pathophysiology, and treatments of PTSD and draw attention to its prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Du
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huapeng Diao
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhou
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunkui Zhang
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yifei Chen
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Gao
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yizheng Wang
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Does Training Motivation Influence Resilience Training Outcome on Chronic Stress? Results from an Interventional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19106179. [PMID: 35627725 PMCID: PMC9140799 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19106179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Resilience is understood as an acquired skill which aids in coping with acute and chronic stress. Accordingly, the present study aimed to determine the effect of resilience training on mental health problems during chronic stress. To this end, we conducted a quasi-experimental study with 127 male cadets (mean age: 21 years) of the Swiss Armed Forces officers' school. Whereas the intervention group (IG) received resilience training in addition to the standard officer's education program, the control group (CG) completed the officers' school as usual. Data assessment included pre- and post- measurement of chronic stress, symptoms of depression, and vital exhaustion in both groups. Motivation for training was collected before the first training session. Those who received the resilience training reported no change in chronic stress, whereas participants in the CG showed a significant increase in chronic stress over time (ηp2 = 0.025). Furthermore, significant differences between IG and CG were only found for symptoms of depression: Participants in the IG reported significantly decreased symptoms of depression, while this was not the case for participants in the CG. Within the IG, participants' training motivation strongly influenced the effectiveness of the resilience training. More specifically, motivated individuals were more likely to benefit from the resilience training than unmotivated ones. Outcome data suggest that resilience training appeared to favorably affect chronic stress and related mental health symptoms; however, the motivation for the training seemed to be an essential prerequisite.
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83
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van Sprang ED, Maciejewski DF, Milaneschi Y, Elzinga BM, Beekman ATF, Hartman CA, van Hemert AM, Penninx BWJH. Familial risk for depressive and anxiety disorders: associations with genetic, clinical, and psychosocial vulnerabilities. Psychol Med 2022; 52:696-706. [PMID: 32624018 PMCID: PMC8961330 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291720002299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In research and clinical practice, familial risk for depression and anxiety is often constructed as a simple Yes/No dichotomous family history (FH) indicator. However, this measure may not fully capture the liability to these conditions. This study investigated whether a continuous familial loading score (FLS), incorporating family- and disorder-specific characteristics (e.g. family size, prevalence of depression/anxiety), (i) is associated with a polygenic risk score (PRS) for major depression and with clinical/psychosocial vulnerabilities and (ii) still captures variation in clinical/psychosocial vulnerabilities after information on FH has been taken into account. METHODS Data came from 1425 participants with lifetime depression and/or anxiety from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety. The Family Tree Inventory was used to determine FLS/FH indicators for depression and/or anxiety. RESULTS Persons with higher FLS had higher PRS for major depression, more severe depression and anxiety symptoms, higher disease burden, younger age of onset, and more neuroticism, rumination, and childhood trauma. Among these variables, FH was not associated with PRS, severity of symptoms, and neuroticism. After regression out the effect of FH from the FLS, the resulting residualized measure of FLS was still associated with severity of symptoms of depression and anxiety, rumination, and childhood trauma. CONCLUSIONS Familial risk for depression and anxiety deserves clinical attention due to its associated genetic vulnerability and more unfavorable disease profile, and seems to be better captured by a continuous score that incorporates family- and disorder-specific characteristics than by a dichotomous FH measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonore D. van Sprang
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dominique F. Maciejewski
- Department of Developmental Psychopathology, Behavioral Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bernet M. Elzinga
- Institute of Clinical Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Aartjan T. F. Beekman
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Catharina A. Hartman
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, Department of Psychiatry, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Albert M. van Hemert
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Brenda W. J. H. Penninx
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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84
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Zawadzki B, Cyniak-Cieciura M. Temperament according to Jan Strelau’s concept and posttraumatic stress disorder: current status and future perspectives on neurobiological studies. Curr Opin Behav Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2021.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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85
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Su YY, D'Arcy C, Li M, O'Donnell KJ, Caron J, Meaney MJ, Meng X. Specific and cumulative lifetime stressors in the aetiology of major depression: A longitudinal community-based population study. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci 2022; 31:e3. [PMID: 35078547 PMCID: PMC8851045 DOI: 10.1017/s2045796021000779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Early-life stressful circumstances (i.e. childhood maltreatment) coupled with stressful events later in life increase the likelihood of subsequent depression. However, very few studies have been conducted to examine the specific and cumulative effects of these stressors in the development of depression. There is also a paucity of research that simultaneously considers the role of biological factors combined with psychosocial stressors in the aetiology of depression. Guided by the biopsychosocial model proposed by Engel, the present study aims to examine to what extent the experience of stressors across the lifespan is associated with depression while taking into account the role of genetic predispositions. METHODS Data analysed were from the Social and Psychiatric Epidemiology Catchment Area of the Southwest of Montreal (ZEPSOM), a large-scale, longitudinal community-based cohort study. A total of 1351 participants with complete information on the lifetime diagnoses of depression over a 10-year follow-up period were included in the study. Stressful events across the lifespan were operationalised as specific, cumulative and latent profiles of stressful experiences. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to explore the clustering of studied stressors including childhood maltreatment, poor parent-child relationship, and stressful life events. A polygenetic risk score was calculated for each participant to provide information on genetic liability. Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the association between specific, cumulative and latent profiles of stressors and subsequent depression. RESULTS We found that different subtypes of childhood maltreatment, child-parent bonding and stressful life events predicted subsequent depression. Furthermore, a significant association between combined effects of cumulative stressful experiences and depression was found [odds ratio (OR) = 1.20, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.12-1.28]. Three latent profiles of lifetime stressors were identified in the present study and named as 'low-level of stress' (75.1%), 'moderate-level of stress' (6.8%) and 'high-level of stress' (18.1%). Individuals with a 'high-level of stress' had a substantially higher risk of depression (OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.08-3.00) than the other two profiles after adjusting for genetic predispositions, socio-demographic characteristics, and health-related factors. CONCLUSIONS While controlling for genetic predispositions, the present study provides robust evidence to support the independent and cumulative as well as compositional effects of early- and later-on lifetime psychosocial stressors in the subsequent development of depression. Consequently, mental illness prevention and mental health promotion should target the occurrence of stressful events as well as build resilience in people so they can better cope with stress when it inevitably occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Y. Su
- School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Douglas Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - C. D'Arcy
- School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - M. Li
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Douglas Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - K. J. O'Donnell
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Douglas Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Yale Child Study Center & Department of Obstetrics Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Child & Brain Development Program, CIFAR, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J. Caron
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Douglas Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - M. J. Meaney
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Douglas Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - X. Meng
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Douglas Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
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86
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Qazi SR, Irfan M, Ramzan Z, Jahanzaib M, Khan MZ, Nasir M, Shakeel M, Khan IA. Identification of putative genetic variants in major depressive disorder patients in Pakistan. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:2283-2292. [PMID: 35040003 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-07050-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a polygenic, and highly prevalent disorder affecting 322 million people globally. It results in several psychological changes which adversely affect different dimensions of life and may lead to suicide. METHODS Whole exome sequencing of 15 MDD patients, enrolled at the Dr. A. Q. Khan Institute of Behavioral Sciences, Karachi, was performed using NextSeq500. Different bioinformatics tools and databases like ANNOVAR, ALoFT, and GWAS were used to identify both common and rare variants associated with the pathogenesis of MDD. RESULTS A total of 1985 variations were identified in 479 MDD-related genes. Several SNPs including rs1079610, rs11750538, rs1799913, rs1801131, rs2230267, rs2231187, rs3819976, rs4314963, rs56265970, rs587780434, rs6330, rs75111588, rs7596487, and rs9624909 were prioritized due to their deleteriousness and frequency difference between the patients and the South Asian population. A non-synonymous variation rs56265970 (BCR) had 26% frequency in patients and was not found in the South Asian population; a multiallelic UTR-5' insertion rs587780434 (RELN) was present with an allelic frequency of 70% in patients whereas 22% in the SAS population. Genetic alterations in PABPC1 genes, a stress-associated gene also had higher allele frequency in the cases than in the normal population. CONCLUSION This present study identifies both common and rare variants in the genes associated with the pathogenesis of MDD in Pakistani patients. Genetic variations in BCR, RELN, and stress-associated PABPC1 suggest potential roles in the pathogenesis of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Rizwan Qazi
- Jamil-ur-Rahman Center for Genome Research, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Jamil-ur-Rahman Center for Genome Research, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Zoobia Ramzan
- Dr. A. Q. Khan Institute of Behavioral Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, 75280, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Jahanzaib
- Jamil-ur-Rahman Center for Genome Research, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Maleeha Zaman Khan
- Jamil-ur-Rahman Center for Genome Research, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Mahrukh Nasir
- Jamil-ur-Rahman Center for Genome Research, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shakeel
- Jamil-ur-Rahman Center for Genome Research, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Ishtiaq Ahmad Khan
- Jamil-ur-Rahman Center for Genome Research, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
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Du R, Han R, Niu K, Xu J, Zhao Z, Lu G, Shang Y. The Multivariate Effect of Ketamine on PTSD: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:813103. [PMID: 35356723 PMCID: PMC8959757 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.813103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a serious stress-related disorder caused by traumatic experiences. However, identifying a key therapy that can be used for PTSD treatment remains difficult. Ketamine, a well-known dissociative anesthetic, is considered safe to be used in anesthesia, pain management, and antidepressant actions since 1970. At present, it is still controversial whether PTSD can be treated with ketamine. The authors performed a meta-analysis to determine whether the use of perioperative ketamine lowers the incidence of PTSD. METHODS Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched to examine the use of ketamine for the treatment of PTSD among soldiers with combating experience. Studies were included if they were randomized placebo-controlled, case-control, and cohort studies. The primary outcome was the incidence of PTSD in the later stage of the wounded or burn soldiers. The secondary outcome was the influence of ketamine on PTSD-scale scores for early and chronic PTSD, respectively. RESULTS Our search yielded a total of three studies (n = 503 patients) comparing the use of ketamine (n = 349) to control (n = 154). The available evidence showed no significant difference in the incidence of PTSD between combatant soldiers on the battlefield with or without ketamine treatment (risk ratio = 0.81, 95% CI, 0.63-1.04; P = 0.10). In 65 patients from three trials, ketamine was not only ineffective in treating early PTSD but also lead to exacerbation of the disease (risk ratio = 2.45, 95% CI, 1.33-3.58; P < 0.001). However, in 91 patients from the other three trials, ketamine is effective in treating chronic PTSD (risk ratio = -3.66, 95% CI, -7.05 to -0.27; P = 0.03). CONCLUSION Ketamine was not effective on lower the PTSD incidence for soldiers on the battlefield, nor on the PTSD-scale scores in early PTSD patients. However, it may improve the PTSD-scale scores for chronic conditions. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021255516, PROSPERO, identifier: CRD42021255516.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Du
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences of Pain, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ruili Han
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kun Niu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaqiao Xu
- Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zihou Zhao
- Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guofang Lu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, National Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yulong Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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88
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A Systematic Review of the Prevalence of Mental Health Symptoms and Disorders in Rugby Players. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL SPORT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1123/jcsp.2021-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the prevalence of mental health symptoms and disorders in rugby players. Six electronic databases were searched in December 2020. Studies were included if they provided quantitative data on mental health symptoms and disorders and consisted of adult rugby players. Eight studies were included, covering symptoms of anxiety, depression, alcohol use/misuse, distress, sleeping/sleep disturbance, and eating disorders/adverse nutrition behaviors. Prevalence of mental health symptoms ranged from 6% (depression) to 68.8% (alcohol use/misuse). Most rates were similar to the general population, while symptoms of sleeping/sleep disturbance were lower, and symptoms of eating disorders/adverse nutrition behaviors and alcohol use/misuse were higher than the general population. One study included female rugby players. Epidemiological evidence comprising of rigorous diagnostic data and inclusive of gender, race, ethnicity, sexuality, and other protected characteristics is needed to inform future mental health support in this population.
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89
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Liu Q, Wangqing P, Baima Y, Wang S, Shen Z, Zhou J, Song H, Liu Y, Liu X, Luo P, Zhao X. Comorbid Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms and Their Correlates Among 93,078 Multiethnic Adults in Southwest China. Front Public Health 2022; 9:783687. [PMID: 34970528 PMCID: PMC8712466 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.783687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms commonly coexist and severely increases the disease burden worldwide. Little is known about the patterns and correlates of comorbid depressive and anxiety symptoms among the multiethnic populations of China. Methods: This population-based study investigated the comprehensive associations of comorbid depressive and anxiety symptoms with lifestyles, stressful life events, chronic diseases, and physical and mental well-being among 93,078 participants (37,193 men, 55,885 women) aged 30–79 years across seven ethnic groups in Southwest China. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate associations. Results: Overall, 2.9% (2.1% in men and 3.5% in women) participants had comorbid depressive and anxiety symptoms; there was considerable heterogeneity among multiethnic populations. Participants with chronic diseases were more likely to have comorbidity than those without them; people with rheumatic heart disease reported the highest risk, with an odds ratio (OR) of 6.25 and 95% confidence interval (CI) of 4.06–9.62. Having experienced 3 or more stressful life events (OR, 8.43, 95% CI: 7.27–9.77), very poor self-rated health status (OR, 33.60, 95%CI: 25.16–44.87), and very unsatisfied life (OR, 33.30, 95% CI: 23.73–46.74) had strong positive associations with comorbid depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms, with a dose-response relationship (P < 0.05). High frequency of physical activity had negative associations. All the associations were stronger than depressive symptoms alone or anxiety symptoms alone. Conclusions: Our findings emphasize the need to focus on the vulnerable ethnic groups with comorbid depressive and anxiety symptoms, ultimate for help early prevention and improvement of health equity in the underdevelopment and high urbanization areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaolan Liu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Yangji Baima
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
| | - Songmei Wang
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhuozhi Shen
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Chenghua District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chenghua, China
| | - Huan Song
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center of West China Hospital, Medical Big Data Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Luo
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xing Zhao
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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90
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Response to Liu et al. Am J Gastroenterol 2022; 117:193-195. [PMID: 34796884 PMCID: PMC8849134 DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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91
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Edinoff AN, Hegefeld TL, Petersen M, Patterson JC, Yossi C, Slizewski J, Osumi A, Cornett EM, Kaye A, Kaye JS, Javalkar V, Viswanath O, Urits I, Kaye AD. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:701348. [PMID: 35711594 PMCID: PMC9193572 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.701348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder that causes significant functional impairment and is related to altered stress response and reinforced learned fear behavior. PTSD has been found to impact three functional networks in the brain: default mode, executive control, and salience. The executive control network includes the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and lateral PPC. The salience network involves the anterior cingulate cortex, anterior insula, and amygdala. This latter network has been found to have increased functional connectivity in PTSD. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a technique used in treating PTSD and involves stimulating specific portions of the brain through electromagnetic induction. Currently, high-frequency TMS applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is approved for use in treating major depressive disorder (MDD) in patients who have failed at least one medication trial. In current studies, high-frequency stimulation has been shown to be more effective in PTSD rating scales posttreatment than low-frequency stimulation. The most common side effect is headache and scalp pain treated by mild analgesics. Seizures are a rare side effect and are usually due to predisposing factors. Studies have been done to assess the overall efficacy of TMS. However, results have been conflicting, and sample sizes were small. More research should be done with larger sample sizes to test the efficacy of TMS in the treatment of PTSD. Overall, TMS is a relatively safe treatment. Currently, the only FDA- approved to treat refractory depression, but with the potential to treat many other conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber N Edinoff
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Tanner L Hegefeld
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Murray Petersen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - James C Patterson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | | | - Jacob Slizewski
- Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Ashley Osumi
- Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Elyse M Cornett
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Adam Kaye
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, United States
| | - Jessica S Kaye
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, United States
| | - Vijayakumar Javalkar
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Omar Viswanath
- College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, United States.,Department of Anesthesiology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, United States.,Valley Anesthesiology and Pain Consultants-Envision Physician Services, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Ivan Urits
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States.,Southcoast Health, Southcoast Physicians Group Pain Medicine, Wareham, MA, United States
| | - Alan D Kaye
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
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Brown JEH, Young JL, Martinez-Martin N. Psychiatric genomics, mental health equity, and intersectionality: A framework for research and practice. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1061705. [PMID: 36620660 PMCID: PMC9812559 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1061705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The causal mechanisms and manifestations of psychiatric illness cannot be neatly narrowed down or quantified for diagnosis and treatment. Large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) might renew hope for locating genetic predictors and producing precision medicines, however such hopes can also distract from appreciating social factors and structural injustices that demand more socially inclusive and equitable approaches to mental healthcare. A more comprehensive approach begins with recognizing that there is no one type of contributor to mental illness and its duration that should be prioritized over another. We argue that, if the search for biological specificity is to complement the need to alleviate the social distress that produces mental health inequities, psychiatric genomics must incorporate an intersectional dimension to models of mental illness across research priorities, scientific frameworks, and clinical applications. We outline an intersectional framework that will guide all professionals working in the expanding field of psychiatric genomics to better incorporate issues of social context, racial and cultural diversity, and downstream ethical considerations into their work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia E H Brown
- School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Jennifer L Young
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
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93
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Williamson JB, Jaffee MS, Jorge RE. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Anxiety-Related Conditions. Continuum (Minneap Minn) 2021; 27:1738-1763. [PMID: 34881734 DOI: 10.1212/con.0000000000001054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article provides a synopsis of current assessment and treatment considerations for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and related anxiety disorder characteristics. Epidemiologic and neurobiological data are reviewed as well as common associated symptoms, including sleep disruption, and treatment approaches to these conditions. RECENT FINDINGS PTSD is no longer considered an anxiety-related disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition classification and instead is associated with trauma/stressor-related disorders. PTSD symptoms are clustered into four domains including intrusive experiences, avoidance, mood, and arousal symptoms. Despite this reclassification, similarities exist in consideration of diagnosis, treatment, and comorbidities with anxiety disorders. PTSD and anxiety-related disorders are heterogeneous, which is reflected by the neural circuits involved in the genesis of symptoms that may vary across symptom domains. Treatment is likely to benefit from consideration of this heterogeneity.Research in animal models of fear and anxiety, as well as in humans, suggests that patients with PTSD and generalized anxiety disorder have difficulty accurately determining safety from danger and struggle to suppress fear in the presence of safety cues.Empirically supported psychotherapies commonly involved exposure (fear extinction learning) and are recommended for PTSD. Cognitive-behavioral therapy has been shown to be effective in other anxiety-related disorders. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are commonly used in the treatment of PTSD and anxiety disorders in which pharmacologic intervention is supported. Treating sleep disruption including sleep apnea (continuous positive airway pressure [CPAP]), nightmares, and insomnia (preferably via psychotherapy) may improve symptoms of PTSD, as well as improve mood in anxiety disorders. SUMMARY PTSD has a lifetime prevalence that is close to 10% and shares neurobiological features with anxiety disorders. Anxiety disorders are the most common class of mental conditions and are highly comorbid with other disorders; treatment considerations typically include cognitive-behavioral therapy and pharmacologic intervention. Developing technologies show some promise as treatment alternatives in the future.
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95
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Woodward EM, Coutellier L. Age- and sex-specific effects of stress on parvalbumin interneurons in preclinical models: Relevance to sex differences in clinical neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 131:1228-1242. [PMID: 34718048 PMCID: PMC8642301 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Stress is a major risk factor for neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders, with the capacity to impact susceptibility to disease as well as long-term neurobiological and behavioral outcomes. Parvalbumin (PV) interneurons, the most prominent subtype of GABAergic interneurons in the cortex, are uniquely responsive to stress due to their protracted development throughout the highly plastic neonatal period and into puberty and adolescence. Additionally, PV + interneurons appear to respond to stress in a sex-specific manner. This review aims to discuss existing preclinical studies that support our overall hypothesis that the sex-and age-specific impacts of stress on PV + interneurons contribute to differences in individual vulnerability to stress across the lifespan, particularly in regard to sex differences in the diagnostic rate of neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric diseases in clinical populations. We also emphasize the importance of studying sex as a biological variable to fully understand the mechanistic and behavioral differences between males and females in models of neuropsychiatric disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma M Woodward
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University, 255 Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research Building, 460 Medical Center Drive, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States
| | - Laurence Coutellier
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University, 255 Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research Building, 460 Medical Center Drive, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States; Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, 53 Psychology Building, 1835 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States.
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96
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Domarkienė I, Ambrozaitytė L, Bukauskas L, Rančelis T, Sütterlin S, Knox BJ, Maennel K, Maennel O, Parish K, Lugo RG, Brilingaitė A. CyberGenomics: Application of Behavioral Genetics in Cybersecurity. Behav Sci (Basel) 2021; 11:bs11110152. [PMID: 34821613 PMCID: PMC8614761 DOI: 10.3390/bs11110152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cybersecurity (CS) is a contemporary field for research and applied study of a range of aspects from across multiple disciplines. A cybersecurity expert has an in-depth knowledge of technology but is often also recognized for the ability to view technology in a non-standard way. This paper explores how CS specialists are both a combination of professional computing-based skills and genetically encoded traits. Almost every human behavioral trait is a result of many genome variants in action altogether with environmental factors. The review focuses on contextualizing the behavior genetics aspects in the application of cybersecurity. It reconsiders methods that help to identify aspects of human behavior from the genetic information. And stress is an illustrative factor to start the discussion within the community on what methodology should be used in an ethical way to approach those questions. CS positions are considered stressful due to the complexity of the domain and the social impact it can have in cases of failure. An individual risk profile could be created combining known genome variants linked to a trait of particular behavior using a special biostatistical approach such as a polygenic score. These revised advancements bring challenging possibilities in the applications of human behavior genetics and CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrida Domarkienė
- Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, LT-08661 Vilnius, Lithuania; (L.A.); (T.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +370-(5)-2501788
| | - Laima Ambrozaitytė
- Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, LT-08661 Vilnius, Lithuania; (L.A.); (T.R.)
| | - Linas Bukauskas
- Cybersecurity Laboratory, Institute of Computer Science, Vilnius University, LT-08303 Vilnius, Lithuania; (L.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Tautvydas Rančelis
- Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, LT-08661 Vilnius, Lithuania; (L.A.); (T.R.)
| | - Stefan Sütterlin
- Faculty of Health, Welfare and Organisation, Østfold University College, NO-1757 Halden, Norway; (S.S.); (B.J.K.); (R.G.L.)
- Centre for Digital Forensics and Cyber Security, Tallinn University of Technology, EE-19086 Tallinn, Estonia; (K.M.); (O.M.)
| | - Benjamin James Knox
- Faculty of Health, Welfare and Organisation, Østfold University College, NO-1757 Halden, Norway; (S.S.); (B.J.K.); (R.G.L.)
- Centre for Digital Forensics and Cyber Security, Tallinn University of Technology, EE-19086 Tallinn, Estonia; (K.M.); (O.M.)
- Department of Information Security and Communication Technology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-2802 Gjøvik, Norway;
| | - Kaie Maennel
- Centre for Digital Forensics and Cyber Security, Tallinn University of Technology, EE-19086 Tallinn, Estonia; (K.M.); (O.M.)
| | - Olaf Maennel
- Centre for Digital Forensics and Cyber Security, Tallinn University of Technology, EE-19086 Tallinn, Estonia; (K.M.); (O.M.)
| | - Karen Parish
- Department of Information Security and Communication Technology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-2802 Gjøvik, Norway;
| | - Ricardo Gregorio Lugo
- Faculty of Health, Welfare and Organisation, Østfold University College, NO-1757 Halden, Norway; (S.S.); (B.J.K.); (R.G.L.)
- Center for Cyber and Information Security, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-2802 Gjøvik, Norway
| | - Agnė Brilingaitė
- Cybersecurity Laboratory, Institute of Computer Science, Vilnius University, LT-08303 Vilnius, Lithuania; (L.B.); (A.B.)
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97
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Wannemüller A, Kumsta R, Jöhren HP, Eley TC, Teismann T, Moser D, Rayner C, Breen G, Coleman J, Schaumburg S, Blackwell SE, Margraf J. Genes in treatment: Polygenic risk scores for different psychopathologies, neuroticism, educational attainment and IQ and the outcome of two different exposure-based fear treatments. World J Biol Psychiatry 2021; 22:699-712. [PMID: 33970774 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2021.1907708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evidence for a genetic influence on psychological treatment outcome so far has been inconsistent, likely due to the focus on candidate genes and the heterogeneity of the disorders treated. Using polygenic risk scores (PRS) in homogenous patient samples may increase the chance of detecting genetic influences. METHODS A sample of 342 phobic patients treated either for clinically relevant dental fear (n = 189) or other (mixed) phobic fears (n = 153) underwent highly standardised exposure-based CBT. A brief five-session format was used to treat dental fear, whereas longer multi-session treatments were used with the mixed-fear cohort. PRS were calculated based on large genetic studies of Neuroticism, Educational Attainment (EA), Intelligence, and four psychopathology domains. We compared PRS of post-treatment and follow-up remitters and non-remitters and regressed PRS on fear reduction percentages. RESULTS In the dental fear cohort, EA PRS were associated with treatment outcomes, i.e. drop-out, short- and long-term remission state, fear reduction, and attendance of subsequent dental appointments. In the mixed fear treatment cohort, no gene effects were observable. CONCLUSIONS Results indicate the importance of EA-related traits for outcomes following brief, but not long, standardised exposure-based CBT. Such use of PRS may help inform selection and tailoring of treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Wannemüller
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Robert Kumsta
- Department of Genetic Psychology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | | | - Thalia C Eley
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Tobias Teismann
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Dirk Moser
- Department of Genetic Psychology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Christopher Rayner
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Gerome Breen
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Jonathan Coleman
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Svenja Schaumburg
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Simon E Blackwell
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jürgen Margraf
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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98
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Dalvie S, Chatzinakos C, Al Zoubi O, Georgiadis F, Lancashire L, Daskalakis NP. From genetics to systems biology of stress-related mental disorders. Neurobiol Stress 2021; 15:100393. [PMID: 34584908 PMCID: PMC8456113 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Many individuals will be exposed to some form of traumatic stress in their lifetime which, in turn, increases the likelihood of developing stress-related disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder (MDD) and anxiety disorders (ANX). The development of these disorders is also influenced by genetics and have heritability estimates ranging between ∼30 and 70%. In this review, we provide an overview of the findings of genome-wide association studies for PTSD, depression and ANX, and we observe a clear genetic overlap between these three diagnostic categories. We go on to highlight the results from transcriptomic and epigenomic studies, and, given the multifactorial nature of stress-related disorders, we provide an overview of the gene-environment studies that have been conducted to date. Finally, we discuss systems biology approaches that are now seeing wider utility in determining a more holistic view of these complex disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shareefa Dalvie
- South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Unit on Child & Adolescent Health, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Chris Chatzinakos
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
| | - Obada Al Zoubi
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
| | - Foivos Georgiadis
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
| | | | - Lee Lancashire
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
- Department of Data Science, Cohen Veterans Bioscience, New York, USA
| | - Nikolaos P. Daskalakis
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
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99
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Su X, Li W, Lv L, Li X, Yang J, Luo XJ, Liu J. Transcriptome-Wide Association Study Provides Insights Into the Genetic Component of Gene Expression in Anxiety. Front Genet 2021; 12:740134. [PMID: 34650599 PMCID: PMC8505959 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.740134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Anxiety disorders are common mental disorders that often result in disability. Recently, large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified several novel risk variants and loci for anxiety disorders (or anxiety traits). Nevertheless, how the reported risk variants confer risk of anxiety remains unknown. To identify genes whose cis-regulated expression levels are associated with risk of anxiety traits, we conducted a transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) by integrating genome-wide associations from a large-scale GWAS (N = 175,163) (which evaluated anxiety traits based on Generalized Anxiety Disorder 2-item scale (GAD-2) score) and brain expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) data (from the PsychENCODE and GTEx). We identified 19 and 17 transcriptome-wide significant (TWS) genes in the PsychENCODE and GTEx, respectively. Intriguingly, 10 genes showed significant associations with anxiety in both datasets, strongly suggesting that genetic risk variants may confer risk of anxiety traits by regulating the expression of these genes. Top TWS genes included RNF123, KANSL1-AS1, GLYCTK, CRHR1, DND1P1, MAPT and ARHGAP27. Of note, 25 TWS genes were not implicated in the original GWAS. Our TWAS identified 26 risk genes whose cis-regulated expression were significantly associated with anxiety, providing important insights into the genetic component of gene expression in anxiety disorders/traits and new clues for future drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Su
- Henan Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan Key Lab of Biological Psychiatry, International Joint Research Laboratory for Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Wenqiang Li
- Henan Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan Key Lab of Biological Psychiatry, International Joint Research Laboratory for Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Luxian Lv
- Henan Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan Key Lab of Biological Psychiatry, International Joint Research Laboratory for Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Jinfeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Xiong-Jian Luo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Jiewei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
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100
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Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation (DNAm) have been associated with stress responses and increased vulnerability to depression. Abnormal DNAm is observed in stressed animals and depressed individuals. Antidepressant treatment modulates DNAm levels and regulates gene expression in diverse tissues, including the brain and the blood. Therefore, DNAm could be a potential therapeutic target in depression. Here, we reviewed the current knowledge about the involvement of DNAm in the behavioural and molecular changes associated with stress exposure and depression. We also evaluated the possible use of DNAm changes as biomarkers of depression. Finally, we discussed current knowledge limitations and future perspectives.
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