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Characterization of Novel Lactobacillus paracasei HY7017 Capable of Improving Physiological Properties and Immune Enhancing Effects Using Red Ginseng Extract. FERMENTATION 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation7040238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Red ginseng has powerful potential for use as a prebiotic, but its use is limited due to its antibacterial activity. The aim of this study is to present panax ginseng’s endophytic lactic acid bacteria capable to overcome the antibacterial activity of red ginseng and improve their characteristic. Lactobacillus paracasei HY7017 (HY7017) was cultured in a medium supplemented with red ginseng. The probiotic properties and immune-enhancing effects of HY7017 were investigated in vitro and in vivo. HY7017 was proliferated strongly in RGE and had significantly improved properties compared with an L. paracasei type strain ATCC25302. HY7017 cultured in RGE-supplemented medium increased the production of nitric oxide, TNF-α, and IL-6 in macrophages, and increased IL-12 and IFN-γ secretion in splenocytes. Furthermore, HY7017 restored WBC counts, increased the amount of IL-2 and IFN-γ released, and enhanced the cytotoxicity of natural killer cells when orally administered to immunosuppressed mice. Moreover, HY7017 has properties that make it suitable as a probiotic, such as stability in the gastrointestinal tract and adhesion to Caco-2 cells. This study showed that HY7017 cultured with RGE may contribute to the development of probiotics to enhance immunity.
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Takuathung MN, Potikanond S, Sookkhee S, Mungkornasawakul P, Jearanaikulvanich T, Chinda K, Wikan N, Nimlamool W. Anti-psoriatic and anti-inflammatory effects of Kaempferia parviflora in keratinocytes and macrophage cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112229. [PMID: 34649355 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaempferia parviflora (KP) has been used as folk medicine for curing various conditions, including anti-inflammatory diseases. However, anti-psoriatic effects in an aspect of suppression of NF-κB activation have not been explored. Therefore, our current study aimed to elucidate the anti-inflammation of KP in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells and anti-psoriatic effects of KP in cytokine-induced human keratinocytes, HaCaT cells. We discovered that KP extract significantly suppressed LPS-induced inflammation at both gene expression and protein production. Specifically, dramatic reduction of nitric oxide (NO) was explored by using Griess method. Consistently, data from RT-qPCR, ELISA, and western blot analysis confirmed that crucial inflammatory and psoriatic markers including inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-17, IL-22, and IL-23 were significantly decreased by the action of KP. These events were associated with the results from immunofluorescence study and western blot analysis where the activation of NF-κB upon LPS stimulation was clearly inhibited by KP through its ability to suppress IκB-α degradation resulting in inhibition of NF-κB nuclear translocation. Furthermore, KP extract significantly inhibited LPS-stimulated phosphorylation of ERK1/2, JNK, and p38 in a dose-dependent manner, along with inhibition of ERK1/2 activation in both TNF-α- and EGF-induced HaCaT cells. Interestingly, HaCaT cells exposed to 15 μg/mL of KP also exhibited significant decrease of cell migration and proliferation. Our results revealed that KP extract has a potential to be developed as a promising agent for treating inflammation and psoriasis, in part through targeting the proliferation and the NF-κB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingkwan Na Takuathung
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Saranyapin Potikanond
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Siriwoot Sookkhee
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pitchaya Mungkornasawakul
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Environmental Science Program, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | - Kittinan Chinda
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nitwara Wikan
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakorn Pathom, Thailand
| | - Wutigri Nimlamool
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
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Chuncharunee A, Khosuk P, Naovarat R, Kaliyadan F, Sreekanth GP. ASPP 092, a phenolic diarylheptanoid from Curcuma comosa suppresses experimentally-induced inflammatory ear edema in mice. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:5937-5946. [PMID: 34588910 PMCID: PMC8459156 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcuma comosa Roxb., family Zingiberaceae, exhibits diverse biological activities. This study was aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory potential of a major phenolic diarylheptanoid isolated from C. comosa, ASPP 092 [(3S)-1-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-7-phenyl-(6E)-6-hepten-3-ol] in an experimentally-induced inflammatory ear edema model in mice. Ear edema in the mice was induced by the topical application of irritant, ethyl phenylpropiolate (EPP). The topical application of ASPP 092 at the edema site was directed immediately after the EPP application. The edematous responses were assessed at different time points by measuring the thickness of each ear before and after the EPP application followed by histopathology analysis. The expressions of major inflammatory cytokines were analyzed by real-time RT-PCR followed by the immunohistochemistry analysis of cyclooxygenase (COX-2). The topical application of ASPP 092 effectively suppressed the EPP-induced edematous formation in the ear of mice. Histopathological analysis showed substantial improvements in epidermal hyperplasia and inflammatory cell infiltration. ASPP 092 treatment also modulated the expressions of inflammatory cytokines including Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and Matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13). The expressions of cyclooxygenases (COX) including COX-1 and COX-2 were significantly reduced by ASPP 092 treatment. For the first time, our results suggest the efficacy of ASPP 092 to suppress experimentally-induced inflammation in a preclinical model in mice; however, a more detailed evaluation of its mechanism of action is necessary before evaluating its efficacy and safety in randomized trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aporn Chuncharunee
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Poonyawee Khosuk
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rajitpan Naovarat
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Feroze Kaliyadan
- Department of Dermatology, King Faisal University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Gopinathan Pillai Sreekanth
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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54
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Kaneva MK. Neutrophil elastase and its inhibitors-overlooked players in osteoarthritis. FEBS J 2021; 289:113-116. [PMID: 34580987 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cartilage homeostasis is maintained by a delicate balance between anabolism and catabolism. In osteoarthritis, pathological biomechanics or injury triggers cartilage breakdown, nonresolving synovial inflammation, and bone changes, causing reduced joint mobility and incapacitating pain. Undoubtedly, the most important cartilage degrading collagenase during osteoarthritis, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13, is activated by an unlikely player: neutrophil elastase. Although primarily associated with inflammatory arthritis, neutrophil elastase is present in the osteoarthritic joint, and through activating MMP-13, spurs a cascade of events leading not just to the aberrant destruction of the cartilage itself, but to the proteolysis of its own inhibitor, alpha-1-antitrypsin, as described in the new study by Wilkinson et al. Endowed with potent chondrogenic and cartilage-protective properties, the loss of alpha-1-antitrypsin from cartilage will have major consequences for osteoarthritis progression, and strategies to prevent its loss, or replace it, might provide an innovative treatment opportunity that should not be ignored. Comment on: https://doi.org/10.1111/febs.16127.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena K Kaneva
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, UK.,Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation (CiTI), Queen Mary University of London, UK
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Anti-Inflammatory Effects of the Fraction from the Leaves of Pyrus pyrifolia on LPS-Stimulated THP-1 Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:4946241. [PMID: 34484392 PMCID: PMC8413047 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4946241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai (P. pyrifolia) has been traditionally used in East Asia to treat diseases such as phlegm, cough, hangover, and fever. However, there is no investigation that evaluates the biological activities of the leaves of P. pyrifolia. This study aims at describing the anti-inflammatory effects of PP, a bioactive fraction from the leaves of P. pyrifolia, in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated THP-1 cells. Initially, PP decreased the protein and RNA expression of TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-8, and IL-6 induced by LPS. Moreover, PP attenuated the phosphorylation of p38, JNK, and ERK. In addition, after stimulation with LPS, the degradation of IκB-α was suppressed by PP, and the phosphorylation of IκB-α and p65 was suppressed by PP. Additionally, PP increased HO-1, which controls the production of inflammatory molecules, by activating Nrf2. These results indicated that PP could be used as an anti-inflammatory drug to promote wellness.
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56
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Ambaw YA, Dahl SR, Chen Y, Greibrokk T, Lundanes E, Lazraq I, Shinde S, Selvalatchmanan J, Wenk MR, Sellergren B, Torta F. Tailored Polymer-Based Selective Extraction of Lipid Mediators from Biological Samples. Metabolites 2021; 11:539. [PMID: 34436480 PMCID: PMC8398397 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11080539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid mediators, small molecules involved in regulating inflammation and its resolution, are a class of lipids of wide interest as their levels in blood and tissues may be used to monitor health and disease states or the effect of new treatments. These molecules are present at low levels in biological samples, and an enrichment step is often needed for their detection. We describe a rapid and selective method that uses new low-cost molecularly imprinted (MIP) and non-imprinted (NIP) polymeric sorbents for the extraction of lipid mediators from plasma and tissue samples. The extraction process was carried out in solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridges, manually packed with the sorbents. After extraction, lipid mediators were quantified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MSMS). Various parameters affecting the extraction efficiency were evaluated to achieve optimal recovery and to reduce non-specific interactions. Preliminary tests showed that MIPs, designed using the prostaglandin biosynthetic precursor arachidonic acid, could effectively enrich prostaglandins and structurally related molecules. However, for other lipid mediators, MIP and NIP displayed comparable recoveries. Under optimized conditions, the recoveries of synthetic standards ranged from 62% to 100%. This new extraction method was applied to the determination of the lipid mediators concentration in human plasma and mouse tissues and compared to other methods based on commercially available cartridges. In general, the methods showed comparable performances. In terms of structural specificity, our newly synthesized materials accomplished better retention of prostaglandins (PGs), hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid (HDoHE), HEPE, hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETE), hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (HETrE), and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) compounds, while the commercially available Strata-X showed a higher recovery for dihydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (diHETrEs). In summary, our results suggest that this new material can be successfully implemented for the extraction of lipid mediators from biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohannes Abere Ambaw
- Precision Medicine Translational Research Programme and Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore; (Y.A.A.); (J.S.); (M.R.W.)
- SLING, Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Sandra Rinne Dahl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, 0315 Oslo, Norway; (S.R.D.); (Y.C.); (T.G.); (E.L.)
- Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, 0315 Oslo, Norway; (S.R.D.); (Y.C.); (T.G.); (E.L.)
| | - Tyge Greibrokk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, 0315 Oslo, Norway; (S.R.D.); (Y.C.); (T.G.); (E.L.)
| | - Elsa Lundanes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, 0315 Oslo, Norway; (S.R.D.); (Y.C.); (T.G.); (E.L.)
| | - Issam Lazraq
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Biofilms Research Center for Biointerfaces, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, 21119 Malmö, Sweden; (I.L.); (S.S.)
| | - Sudhirkumar Shinde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Biofilms Research Center for Biointerfaces, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, 21119 Malmö, Sweden; (I.L.); (S.S.)
- School of Consciousness, Dr Vishwanath Karad Maharashtra Institute of Technology–World Peace University, Kothrud, Pune 411038, Maharashtra, India
| | - Jayashree Selvalatchmanan
- Precision Medicine Translational Research Programme and Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore; (Y.A.A.); (J.S.); (M.R.W.)
- SLING, Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Markus R. Wenk
- Precision Medicine Translational Research Programme and Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore; (Y.A.A.); (J.S.); (M.R.W.)
- SLING, Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Börje Sellergren
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Biofilms Research Center for Biointerfaces, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, 21119 Malmö, Sweden; (I.L.); (S.S.)
| | - Federico Torta
- Precision Medicine Translational Research Programme and Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore; (Y.A.A.); (J.S.); (M.R.W.)
- SLING, Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
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Jin J, He H, Zhang X, Wu R, Gan L, Li D, Lu Y, Wu P, Wong WL, Zhang K. The in vitro and in vivo study of oleanolic acid indole derivatives as novel anti-inflammatory agents: Synthesis, biological evaluation, and mechanistic analysis. Bioorg Chem 2021; 113:104981. [PMID: 34020279 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Oleanolic acid (OA) is a well-known natural product possessing many important pharmacological activities; however, its weak bioactivities significantly restrict the potential application in drug development. The structural modification of oleanolic acid is an effective mean to enhance its bioactivity with lower toxicity but it is challenging. In the present study, we systematically synthesized a series of new 11-oxooleanolic acid derivatives and evaluated their anti-inflammatory activities with a LPS induced BV2 cells inflammation model and a 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) induced ear inflammation mice model. It was found that compounds 8 and 9 show more potent anti-inflammatory effects than OA and exhibit a low cytotoxicity. The possible mechanism of action was also investigated. The in vitro and in vivo results revealed that these two new 11-oxooleanolic acid derivatives may exert anti-inflammatory activities through the inhibition of NO, pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, TNF-α, MCP-1 and MIP-1α) and upregulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10), which may be caused by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB, MAPKs and PI3K/Akt related inflammatory signaling pathways and the activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. The results suggest that these two 11-oxooleanolic acid derivatives may be potential candidates for further anti-inflammatory drug development and our study demonstrated an important and practical strategy for drug discovery through the rational modification of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Jin
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, PR China
| | - Hao He
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, PR China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, PR China
| | - Rihui Wu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, PR China
| | - Lishe Gan
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, PR China
| | - Dongli Li
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, PR China
| | - Yujing Lu
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Panpan Wu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, PR China.
| | - Wing-Leung Wong
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, PR China.
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, PR China; School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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Potential Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Serum from Healthy Adolescents with Optimal Mediterranean Diet Adherence: Findings from DIMENU Cross-Sectional Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081172. [PMID: 34439419 PMCID: PMC8389034 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
During adolescence, health status is influenced by several factors, among which dietary pattern is a crucial element of lifestyle in terms of prevention and treatment of metabolic and chronic diseases. The most studied healthy dietary pattern is the Mediterranean Diet (MD), due to a combination of foods that are rich in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory nutrients. The aim of this study, carried out in healthy adolescents from the DIMENU study, is to assess the adherence to the MD, as well as the dietary nutrient intake and to evaluate the potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of sera from participants grouped according to the MD score. Using the KIDMED score, as the MD quality index for children and teenagers, we found that the adolescents in this study had an average adherence to the MD (6.71 ± 2.58). Adolescents were clustered into three groups based on their MD adherence. Assessment of quality by 24 h recall revealed higher intakes in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)/saturated fatty acid (SFA) ratio, dietary fibers, vitamins, and total oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) in the optimal than in poor MD adherence group. We observed that dietary PUFA/SFA ratio was negatively correlated with serum C-Reactive Protein levels, and total dietary fibers were inversely correlated with Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate values, while total ORAC was directly correlated with serum glucose concentrations. Interestingly, the reactive oxygen metabolite (ROM) concentrations, determined by the ROM assay, were significantly lower in pooled sera from optimal than poor adherers. Finally, using lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human macrophages, as an in vitro model of acute inflammation, we found a reduced secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines upon serum treatment from adolescents with optimal respect to medium and poor MD adherence. Our results highlight the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of serum from adolescents with healthy nutrition in terms of adherence to the MD, which may have a positive impact on the prevention of chronic diseases in adulthood.
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Rocha B, Cillero-Pastor B, Ruiz-Romero C, Paine MRL, Cañete JD, Heeren RMA, Blanco FJ. Identification of a distinct lipidomic profile in the osteoarthritic synovial membrane by mass spectrometry imaging. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2021; 29:750-761. [PMID: 33582239 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2020.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Synovial inflammation is one of the most characteristic events in different types of arthritis, including Osteoarthritis (OA). Emerging evidence also suggests the involvement of lipids in the regulation of inflammatory processes. The aim of this study was to elucidate the heterogeneity and spatial distribution of lipids in the OA synovial membrane and explore their putative involvement in inflammation. METHOD The abundance and distribution of lipids were examined in human synovial membranes. To this end, histological cuts from this tissue were analysed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization - mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI). The lipidomic profile of OA synovium was characterized and compared with healthy and other forms of inflammatory arthropathies as Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) using principal component analysis and discriminant analysis methods. Lipid identification was undertaken by tandem MS analyses and database queries. RESULTS Our results reveal differential and characteristic lipidomic profiles between OA and control samples. Specifically, we unveiled that OA synovium presents elevated levels of phosphatidylcholines, fatty acids and lysophosphatidic acids and lower levels of lysophosphatidylcholines compared to control tissues. The spatial distribution of particular glycerophospholipids was also correlated with hypertrophic, inflamed or vascularized synovial areas. Compared with other inflammatory arthritis, the OA tissue showed lower amounts of phosphatidylethanolamine-based plasmalogens. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a novel insight into the lipid profiles of synovial membrane and differences in abundance between OA and control tissues. The lipidomic alterations improves understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of OA and may be important for its diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Rocha
- Grupo de Unidad de Proteómica, Grupo de Investigación de Reumatología (GIR), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), C/ As Xubias de Arriba 84, 15006, A Coruña, Spain
| | - B Cillero-Pastor
- The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, the Netherlands
| | - C Ruiz-Romero
- Grupo de Unidad de Proteómica, Grupo de Investigación de Reumatología (GIR), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), C/ As Xubias de Arriba 84, 15006, A Coruña, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - M R L Paine
- The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, the Netherlands
| | - J D Cañete
- Unidad de Artritis. Servicio de Reumatología. Hospital Clínico de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R M A Heeren
- The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, the Netherlands
| | - F J Blanco
- Grupo de Unidad de Proteómica, Grupo de Investigación de Reumatología (GIR), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), C/ As Xubias de Arriba 84, 15006, A Coruña, Spain; Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Grupo de Investigación de Reumatología y Salud (GIR-S), Departamento de Fisioterapia, Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Fisioterapia, Campus de Oza, 15008, A Coruña, Spain.
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60
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Wang CF, Xu WJ, Xu Y, Wang YX, Liu JQ. Transcriptomic analyses reveal antiinflammatory mechanism of withanolides derived from the fruits of Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii. Phytother Res 2021; 35:2568-2578. [PMID: 33350549 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In China, the fruits of Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii, which are conventionally utilized as edible berry, have attracted wide attention due to its significant biological activities. In the present study, phytochemical studies on the fruits of Physalis plants afforded six compounds, including two new withanolides (1-2) and four known agnologues (3-6). The inhibitory effects of these compounds on the formation of nitric oxide (NO) stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in RAW264.7 macrophages were evaluated. Physapubescin M (1), with IC50 value of 1.58 μM, was selected for further study. The protein expression of COX-2 and iNOS, and LPS-induced production of cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α) were reduced by physapubescin M (1) in a dose-dependent way. In addition, transcriptomic analyses were conducted to profile gene expression alterations in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells upon treatment of physapubescin M (1) and the potential antiinflammatory mechanism of withnolides was mentioned. These results provide broad view to the underlying antiinflammatory mechanism of withnolides, and give a theoretical basis for the utilization of the fruits of P. alkekengi L. var. franchetii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Fang Wang
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, China
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Wen Juan Xu
- School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Ying Xu
- School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Yi Xuan Wang
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, China
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Jie Qing Liu
- School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou, China
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Heiss CN, Mannerås-Holm L, Lee YS, Serrano-Lobo J, Håkansson Gladh A, Seeley RJ, Drucker DJ, Bäckhed F, Olofsson LE. The gut microbiota regulates hypothalamic inflammation and leptin sensitivity in Western diet-fed mice via a GLP-1R-dependent mechanism. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109163. [PMID: 34038733 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mice lacking a microbiota are protected from diet-induced obesity. Previous studies have shown that feeding a Western diet causes hypothalamic inflammation, which in turn can lead to leptin resistance and weight gain. Here, we show that wild-type (WT) mice with depleted gut microbiota, i.e., germ-free (GF) and antibiotic-treated mice, have elevated levels of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), are protected against diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation, and have enhanced leptin sensitivity when fed a Western diet. Using GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R)-deficient mice and pharmacological inhibition of the GLP-1R in WT mice, we demonstrate that intact GLP-1R signaling is required for preventing hypothalamic inflammation and enhancing leptin sensitivity. Furthermore, we show that astrocytes express the GLP-1R, and deletion of the receptor in glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-expressing cells diminished the antibiotic-induced protection against diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation. Collectively, our results suggest that depletion of the gut microbiota attenuates diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation and enhances leptin sensitivity via GLP-1R-dependent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina N Heiss
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Louise Mannerås-Holm
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ying Shiuan Lee
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Julia Serrano-Lobo
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Håkansson Gladh
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Randy J Seeley
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Daniel J Drucker
- Department of Medicine, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Fredrik Bäckhed
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section for Metabolic Receptology and Enteroendocrinology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Physiology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Louise E Olofsson
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Yuvaraj S, Kumar BRP. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ as a novel and promising target for treating cancer via regulation of inflammation: A brief review. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 22:3-14. [PMID: 33888047 DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666210422112740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) are group of nuclear receptors and the ligand-activated intracellular transcription factors that are known to play a key role in physiological processes such as cell metabolism, proliferation, differentiation, tissue remodeling, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. However, in the past two decades, many reports claim that PPARs also play an imperious role as a tumor suppressor. PPAR- gamma (PPARγ), one of the best-known from the family of PPARs, is known to express in colon, breast, bladder, lung, and prostate cancer cells. Its function in tumour cells includes the modulation of several pathways involved in multiplication and apoptosis. The ligands of PPARγ act by PPARγ dependent as well as independent pathways and are also found to regulate different inflammatory mediators and transcription factors in systemic inflammation and in tumor microenvironment. Both synthetic and natural ligands that are known to activate PPARγ, suppress the tumor cell growth and multiplication through the regulation of inflammatory pathways, as found out from different functional assays and animal studies. Cancer and inflammation are interconnected process that are now being targeted to achieve tumor suppression by decreasing the risks and burden posed by cancer cells. Therefore, PPARγ can serve as a promising target for development of clinical drug molecule attenuating the proliferation of cancer cells. In this perspective, this mini review highlights the PPARγ as a potential target for drug development aiming for anti-inflammatory and thereby suppressing tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yuvaraj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru - 570015, India
| | - B R Prashantha Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru - 570015, India
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63
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Baliou S, Sofopoulos M, Goulielmaki M, Spandidos DA, Ioannou P, Kyriakopoulos AM, Zoumpourlis V. Bromamine T, a stable active bromine compound, prevents the LPS‑induced inflammatory response. Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:37. [PMID: 33537817 PMCID: PMC7891821 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is the most common cause of most acute and chronic debilitating diseases. Towards unveiling novel therapeutic options for patients with such complications, N‑bromotaurine (TauNHBr) has emerged as a potential anti‑inflammatory agent; however, its therapeutic efficacy is hindered due to its relatively poor stability. To address this challenge, the present study focused on examining the effects of a stable active bromine compound, named bromamine T (BAT). The present study examined the protective properties of BAT against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑mediated inflammation in vitro, by using LPS‑stimulated murine J774.A1 macrophages (Mφs), as well as in vivo, by using a murine LPS‑mediated air‑pouch model. Additionally, its efficacy was compared with that of taurine, a known potent anti‑inflammatory molecule. In LPS‑stimulated J774A.1 Mφs, BAT and taurine were very effective in reducing the secretion of pro‑inflammatory mediators. The in vitro experiments indicated that LPS‑mediated inflammation was attenuated due to the protective properties of BAT and of taurine, probably through the inhibition of phosphorylated p65 NF‑κB subunit (Ser 536) nuclear translocation. The in vivo experiments also revealed that BAT and taurine inhibited LPS‑mediated inflammation by reducing total cell/polymorphonuclear cell (PMN) infiltration in the air‑pouch and by decreasing pouch wall thickness. The analysis of exudates obtained from pouches highlighted that the inhibitory effects of BAT and taurine on the secretion of pro‑inflammatory cytokines were similar to those observed in vitro. Notably, the effect of BAT at the highest concentration tested was superior to that of taurine at the highest concentration. Taken together, the findings of the present study indicate that BAT prevents the LPS‑induced inflammatory response both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Baliou
- National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Michael Sofopoulos
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Saint Savvas Anticancer Hospital of Athens, 11522 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Petros Ioannou
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
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Inhibitory Effects of Porphyra tenera Extract on Oxidation and Inflammatory Responses. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6650037. [PMID: 33868441 PMCID: PMC8034998 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6650037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Porphyra tenera (laver) has long been a popular and traditional seaweed food in Korea, Japan, and China. Historically, it was known as a marine medicinal herb to treat hemorrhoids and cholera morbus in Donguibogam. We investigated the effects of P. tenera extract (PTE) for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. These activities were measured using assays for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and nitric oxide (NO) radical scavenging and its superoxide dismutase- (SOD-) like activity, and through the inhibitory production of inflammatory mediators (prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), NO, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6)) in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) stimulated Raw 264.7 cells. The antioxidant assay results showed that PTE displayed DPPH radical scavenging activity (46.44%), NO radical scavenging activity (67.14%), and SOD-like activity (80.29%) at a concentration of 5 mg/mL. In the anti-inflammatory assays, treatment with PTE (1 mg/mL) significantly inhibited expression levels of LPS-induced COX-2 and iNOS, as well as the production of PGE2, NO, TNF-α, and IL-6. These results show that PTE has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and provide scientific evidence to explain the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties of PTE.
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ÖZTÜRK Ş, DURMAZ B, MEMMEDOV H, OKTAY LM, GÜNEL SN, OLUKMAN M, SÖZMEN EY. Ferulik asitin lipopolisakkaridaz ile induklenmiş insan lösemi monositik hücrelerinde sitokin salınımına etkisi. EGE TIP DERGISI 2021. [DOI: 10.19161/etd.887360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Ti H, Zhuang Z, Yu Q, Wang S. Progress of Plant Medicine Derived Extracts and Alkaloids on Modulating Viral Infections and Inflammation. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2021; 15:1385-1408. [PMID: 33833499 PMCID: PMC8020337 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s299120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Viral infectious diseases are serious threats to human health in both developing and developed countries. Although there is the continued development of new drugs from synthetic sources as antiviral agents, medicinal plants continue to provide the basic raw materials for some of the most important antiviral drugs. Alkaloids are a class of pharmacologically active plant compounds that are usually alkaline in nature. In this review, we tried to summarize recent progress in herb-based antiviral research, the advantages of using active plant compounds as antiviral agents, and the inflammatory responses initiated by alkaloids, based on the literature from 2009 to 2019, for the treatment of conditions, including influenza, human immunodeficiency virus, herpes simplex virus, hepatitis, and coxsackievirus infections. Articles are retrieved from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science using relevant keywords. In particular, the alkaloids from medicinal plants responsible for the molecular mechanisms of anti-inflammatory actions are identified and discussed. This review can provide a theoretical basis and approaches for using various alkaloids as antiviral treatments. More research is needed to develop alkaloidal compounds as antiviral therapeutic agents and potential regulators of the anti-inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Ti
- School of Clinical Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.,Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixi Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Institute of Analysis (China National Analytical Center, Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 510070, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Yu
- School of Clinical Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shumei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.,Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
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67
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Mani S, Norel X, Varret M, Bchir S, Ben Anes A, Garrouch A, Tabka Z, Longrois D, Chahed K. Polymorphisms rs2745557 in PTGS2 and rs2075797 in PTGER2 are associated with the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease development in a Tunisian cohort. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2021; 166:102252. [PMID: 33545665 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2021.102252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
We hypothesized that polymorphisms of genes involved in the prostaglandin pathway could be associated with COPD. In this study we explored the involvement of genetic polymorphisms in PTGS2, PTGER2 and PTGER4 genes in the development and severity of COPD and their effects on plasma concentrations of inflammatory/oxidative stress markers. We identified genotypes of PTGS2, PTGER2 and PTGER4 SNPs in a Tunisian cohort including COPD patients (n = 138) and control subjects (n = 216) using PCR-RFLP and PCR TaqMan. Pulmonary function (FEV1 and FVC) were assessed by plethsmography. PGE2, PGD2 and cytokine plasma (IL-6, IL-18, TNF-α, TGF-β) concentrations were measured using ELISA and colorimetric standard methods were used to determine oxidative stress concentrations. Genotype frequencies of rs2745557 in PTGS2 and rs2075797 in PTGER2 were different between COPD cases and controls. There was no correlation between these polymorphisms and lung function parameters. For rs2745557, the A allele frequency was higher in COPD cases than in controls. For rs2075797, carriers of the GG genotype were more frequent in the COPD group than in controls. Only rs2745557 in PTGS2 had an effect on PGD2 and cytokine plasma concentrations. PGD2 was significantly decreased in COPD patients with the GA or AA genotypes. In contrast, IL-18 and NO plasma concentrations were increased in COPD rs2745557 A allele carriers as compared to homozygous GG subjects. Our findings suggest that rs2745557 in PTGS2 and rs2075797 in PTGER2 are associated with COPD development but not with its severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Mani
- Sorbonne Paris nord University, 93430 Villetaneuse, France; INSERM, UMRS1148, CHU X.Bichat, Paris, France; Institut supérieur de biotechnologies de Monastir, University of Monastir, Tunisia; UR12ES06, Physiologie de l'exercice et physiopathologie: de l'intégré au moléculaire, Faculté de médecine de Sousse, University of Sousse, Tunisia.
| | - Xavier Norel
- Sorbonne Paris nord University, 93430 Villetaneuse, France; INSERM, UMRS1148, CHU X.Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Mathilde Varret
- INSERM, UMRS1148, CHU X.Bichat, Paris, France; Université de Paris, France
| | - Sarra Bchir
- Institut supérieur de biotechnologies de Monastir, University of Monastir, Tunisia; UR12ES06, Physiologie de l'exercice et physiopathologie: de l'intégré au moléculaire, Faculté de médecine de Sousse, University of Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Amel Ben Anes
- UR12ES06, Physiologie de l'exercice et physiopathologie: de l'intégré au moléculaire, Faculté de médecine de Sousse, University of Sousse, Tunisia
| | | | - Zouhair Tabka
- UR12ES06, Physiologie de l'exercice et physiopathologie: de l'intégré au moléculaire, Faculté de médecine de Sousse, University of Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Dan Longrois
- Sorbonne Paris nord University, 93430 Villetaneuse, France; INSERM, UMRS1148, CHU X.Bichat, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris,Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, DMU PARABOL, Paris, France
| | - Karim Chahed
- UR12ES06, Physiologie de l'exercice et physiopathologie: de l'intégré au moléculaire, Faculté de médecine de Sousse, University of Sousse, Tunisia; Faculté des sciences de Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Nephrology lacks effective therapeutics for many of the presentations and diseases seen in clinical practice. In recent decades, we have come to understand the central place of inflammation in initiating and propagating kidney disease, and, research in more recent years has established that the resolution of inflammation is a highly regulated and active process. With this, has evolved an appreciation that this aspect of the host inflammatory response is defective in kidney disease and led to consideration of a therapeutic paradigm aiming to harness the activity of the molecular drivers of the resolution phase of inflammation. Fatty-acid-derived Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), partly responsible for resolution of inflammation have gained traction as potential therapeutics. RECENT FINDINGS We describe our current understanding of SPMs for this purpose in acute and chronic kidney disease. These studies cement the place of inflammation and its defective resolution in the pathogenesis of kidney disease, and highlight new avenues for therapy. SUMMARY Targeting resolution of inflammation is a viable approach to treating kidney disease. We optimistically look forward to translating these experimental advances into tractable therapeutics to treat kidney disease.
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69
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Kim W, Jang JH, Zhong X, Seo H, Surh YJ. 15-Deoxy-△ 12,14-Prostaglandin J 2 Promotes Resolution of Experimentally Induced Colitis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:615803. [PMID: 33633749 PMCID: PMC7901909 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.615803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled macrophage functions cause failure to resolve gut inflammation and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). 15-Deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2), one of endogenous lipid mediators formed from arachidonic acid during the inflammatory process, has been reported to terminate inflammation. However, the pro-resolving effect of 15d-PGJ2 on intestinal inflammation and underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. In the present study, we examined the effects of 15d-PGJ2 on the resolution of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced murine colitis that mimics human IBD. Pharmacologic inhibition of prostaglandin D synthase (PGDS) responsible for the synthesis of 15d-PGJ2 hampered resolution of inflammation in the colonic mucosa of mice treated with DSS. Notably, intraperitoneal injection of 15d-PGJ2 accelerated the resolution of experimentally induced colitis. 15d-PGJ2 treatment reduced the number of neutrophils and M1 macrophages, while it increased the proportion of M2 macrophages. Moreover, 15d-PGJ2 treated mice exhibited the significantly reduced proportion of macrophages expressing the pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-6 with concomitant suppression of STAT3 phosphorylation in the colonic mucosa of mice administered 2.5% DSS in drinking water. Taken together, these findings clearly indicate that 15d-PGJ2, endogenously generated from arachidonic acid by cyclooxygenase-2 and PGDS activities in inflamed tissue, promotes resolution of intestinal colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonki Kim
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Hoon Jang
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Xiancai Zhong
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyungseok Seo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Joon Surh
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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70
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Effectiveness of Chitosan as a Dietary Supplement in Lowering Cholesterol in Murine Models: A Meta-Analysis. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19010026. [PMID: 33435383 PMCID: PMC7827691 DOI: 10.3390/md19010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study presents a meta-analysis of studies that investigate the effectiveness of chitosan administration on lifestyle-related disease in murine models. A total of 34 published studies were used to evaluate the effect of chitosan supplementation. The effect sizes for various items after chitosan administration were evaluated using the standardized mean difference. Using Cochran’s Q test, the heterogeneity of effect sizes was assessed, after which a meta-ANOVA and -regression test was conducted to explain the heterogeneity of effect sizes using the mixed-effect model. Publication bias was performed using Egger’s linear regression test. Among the items evaluated, blood triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol showed the highest heterogeneity, respectively. Other than blood HDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol, and triglyceride in feces, most items evaluated showed a negative effect size with high significance in the fixed- and random-effect model (p < 0.0001). In the meta-ANOVA and -regression test, administering chitosan and resistant starch was revealed to be most effective in lowering body weight. In addition, chitosan supplementation proved to be an effective solution for serum TNF-α inhibition. In conclusion, chitosan has been shown to be somewhat useful in improving symptoms of lifestyle-related disease. Although there are some limitations in the results of this meta-analysis due to the limited number of animal experiments conducted, chitosan administration nevertheless shows promise in reducing the risk of cholesterol related metabolic disorder.
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71
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Discovery of natural anti-inflammatory alkaloids: Potential leads for the drug discovery for the treatment of inflammation. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 213:113165. [PMID: 33454546 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is an adaptive response of the immune system to tissue malfunction or homeostatic imbalance. Corticosteroids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are frequently applied to treat varieties of inflammatory diseases but are associated with gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and kidney side effects. Developing more effective and less toxic agents remain a challenge for pharmaceutical chemist due to the complexity of the different inflammatory processes. Alkaloids are widely distributed in plants with diverse anti-inflammatory activities, providing various potential lead compounds or candidates for the design and discovery of new anti-inflammatory drug candidates. Therefore, re-examining the anti-inflammatory alkaloid natural products is advisable, bringing more opportunities. In this review, we summarized and described the recent advances of natural alkaloids with anti-inflammatory activities and possible mechanisms in the period from 2009 to 2020. It is hoped that this review of anti-inflammatory alkaloids can provide new ideas for researchers engaged in the related fields and potential lead compounds for the discovery of anti-inflammatory drugs.
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72
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Crouch M, Al-Shaer A, Shaikh SR. Hormonal Dysregulation and Unbalanced Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediator Biosynthesis Contribute toward Impaired B Cell Outcomes in Obesity. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e1900924. [PMID: 32112513 PMCID: PMC8627245 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Diet-induced obesity is associated with impaired B-cell-driven humoral immunity, which coincides with chronic inflammation and has consequences for responses to infections and vaccinations. Key nutritional, cellular, and molecular mechanisms by which obesity may impair aspects of humoral immunity such as B cell development, class switch recombination, and formation of long-lived antibody secreting cells are reviewed. A key theme to emerge is the central role of white adipose tissue on the formation and function of pro-inflammatory B cell subsets that exacerbate insulin resistance. The underlying role of select hormones such as leptin is highlighted, which may be driving the formation of pro-inflammatory B cells in the absence of antigen stimulation. This review also extensively covers the regulatory role of lipid metabolites such as prostaglandins and specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) that are synthesized from polyunsaturated fatty acids. Notably, SPM biosynthesis is impaired in obesity and contributes toward impaired antibody production. Future directions for research, including avenues for therapeutic intervention, are included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda Crouch
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health and School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Abrar Al-Shaer
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health and School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Saame Raza Shaikh
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health and School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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73
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Jayawardena TU, Sanjeewa KKA, Lee HG, Nagahawatta DP, Yang HW, Kang MC, Jeon YJ. Particulate Matter-Induced Inflammation/Oxidative Stress in Macrophages: Fucosterol from Padina boryana as a Potent Protector, Activated via NF-κB/MAPK Pathways and Nrf2/HO-1 Involvement. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E628. [PMID: 33317054 PMCID: PMC7763233 DOI: 10.3390/md18120628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fucosterol is a phytosterol that is abundant in marine brown algae and is a renowned secondary metabolite. However, its ability to protect macrophages against particulate matter (PM) has not been clarified with regard to inflammation; thus, this study aimed to illustrate the above. Padina boryana, a brown algae that is widespread in Indo-Pacific waters, was applied in the isolation of fucosterol. Isolation was conducted using silica open columns, while identification was assisted with gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and NMR. Elevated levels of PM led the research objectives toward the implementation of it as a stimulant. Both inflammation and oxidative stress were caused due the fact of its effect. RAW 264.7 macrophages were used as a model system to evaluate the process. It was apparent that the increased NO production levels, due to the PM, were mediated through the inflammatory mediators, such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (i.e., interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1 (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), including prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)). Further, investigations provided solid evidence regarding the involvement of NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in the process. Oxidative stress/inflammation which are inseparable components of the cellular homeostasis were intersected through the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Conclusively, fucosterol is a potent protector against PM-induced inflammation in macrophages and hence be utilized as natural product secondary metabolite in a sustainable manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thilina U. Jayawardena
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea; (T.U.J.); (K.K.A.S.); (H.-G.L.); (D.P.N.); (H.-W.Y.)
| | - K. K. Asanka Sanjeewa
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea; (T.U.J.); (K.K.A.S.); (H.-G.L.); (D.P.N.); (H.-W.Y.)
| | - Hyo-Geun Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea; (T.U.J.); (K.K.A.S.); (H.-G.L.); (D.P.N.); (H.-W.Y.)
| | - D. P. Nagahawatta
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea; (T.U.J.); (K.K.A.S.); (H.-G.L.); (D.P.N.); (H.-W.Y.)
| | - Hye-Won Yang
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea; (T.U.J.); (K.K.A.S.); (H.-G.L.); (D.P.N.); (H.-W.Y.)
| | - Min-Cheol Kang
- Research Group of Process Engineering, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea; (T.U.J.); (K.K.A.S.); (H.-G.L.); (D.P.N.); (H.-W.Y.)
- Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63333, Korea
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Harati-Sadegh M, Sargazi S, Sheervalilou R, Hosseini Teshnizi S, Saravani R, Mirinejad S. Association of IL-1Ra Ser133Ser Variant with Susceptibility to Immune-Mediated and Inflammatory Diseases: A Meta-Analysis of 2622 Cases and 3854 Controls. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 49:2320-2329. [PMID: 34178738 PMCID: PMC8215068 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v49i12.4814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: The rs315952 (Ser133Ser) has been reported to influence the risk for immune-mediated as well as inflammatory diseases in many studies; however, the results remain inconsistent. The current meta-analysis was performed to give a more precise estimation for the relationship between this IL-1Ra missense variant and the risk of both types of diseases. Methods: Relevant publications were retrieved through a literature search in Web of Science, Medline, PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, and Google scholar search engines, between 2000 and 2019. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the strength of the association. Results: Twenty-two studies, including 2622 cases with and 3854 controls were identified. The IL-1Ra Ser133Ser variant does not confer an increased overall risk for immune-mediated and inflammatory diseases. This variant was statistically associated with decreased risk of systemic lupus erythematosus (under allelic, codominant heterozygous, and dominant models) or ankylosing spondylitis (in allelic and recessive models)(OR<1). Moreover, alleles, as well as genotypes of the IL-1Ra Ser133Ser variant, may confer an increased risk of immune-mediated and inflammatory diseases in Hispanics. However, this variant was not associated with susceptibility to immune-mediated and inflammatory diseases in both Asians and Arabs. Conclusion: The pooled results fail to support the hypothesis that the IL-1Ra Ser133Ser variant is associated with the overall risk of immune-mediated and inflammatory diseases. Performing large scale replication and meta-analysis of functional variants within this gene is encouraged to further investigate the influence of IL-1Ra SNPs on overall disease susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdiyeh Harati-Sadegh
- Genetic of Non-Communicable Disease Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Saman Sargazi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Roghayeh Sheervalilou
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Saeed Hosseini Teshnizi
- Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Ramin Saravani
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Shekoufeh Mirinejad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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Guillén-Gómez E, Silva I, Serra N, Caballero F, Leal J, Breda A, San Martín R, Pastor-Anglada M, Ballarín JA, Guirado L, Díaz-Encarnación MM. From Inflammation to the Onset of Fibrosis through A 2A Receptors in Kidneys from Deceased Donors. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228826. [PMID: 33233484 PMCID: PMC7700266 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pretransplant graft inflammation could be involved in the worse prognosis of deceased donor (DD) kidney transplants. A2A adenosine receptor (A2AR) can stimulate anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages, leading to fibrosis if injury and inflammation persist. Pre-implantation biopsies of kidney donors (47 DD and 21 living donors (LD)) were used to analyze expression levels and activated intracellular pathways related to inflammatory and pro-fibrotic processes. A2AR expression and PKA pathway were enhanced in DD kidneys. A2AR gene expression correlated with TGF-β1 and other profibrotic markers, as well as CD163, C/EBPβ, and Col1A1, which are highly expressed in DD kidneys. TNF-α mRNA levels correlated with profibrotic and anti-inflammatory factors such as TGF-β1 and A2AR. Experiments with THP-1 cells point to the involvement of the TNF-α/NF-κB pathway in the up-regulation of A2AR, which induces the M2 phenotype increasing CD163 and TGF-β1 expression. In DD kidneys, the TNF-α/NF-κB pathway could be involved in the increase of A2AR expression, which would activate the PKA–CREB axis, inducing the macrophage M2 phenotype, TGF-β1 production, and ultimately, fibrosis. Thus, in inflamed DD kidneys, an increase in A2AR expression is associated with the onset of fibrosis, which may contribute to graft dysfunction and prognostic differences between DD and LD transplants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Guillén-Gómez
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Fundació Puigvert, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Nephrology Department, Fundació Puigvert, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (I.S.); (N.S.); (J.A.B.); (L.G.)
- Institut Investigació Biosanitaria Sant Pau, Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (E.G.-G.); (M.M.D.-E.)
| | - Irene Silva
- Nephrology Department, Fundació Puigvert, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (I.S.); (N.S.); (J.A.B.); (L.G.)
- Institut Investigació Biosanitaria Sant Pau, Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Renal Transplant Unit, Fundació Puigvert, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Serra
- Nephrology Department, Fundació Puigvert, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (I.S.); (N.S.); (J.A.B.); (L.G.)
- Institut Investigació Biosanitaria Sant Pau, Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Renal Transplant Unit, Fundació Puigvert, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Caballero
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Transplant Coordination, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (F.C.); (J.L.)
| | - Jesús Leal
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Transplant Coordination, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (F.C.); (J.L.)
| | - Alberto Breda
- Urology Department, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Fundació Puigvert, 08025 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Rody San Martín
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, 5110566 Valdivia, Chile;
| | - Marçal Pastor-Anglada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, National Biomedical Research Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBER EHD), 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR SJD), 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat Barcelona, Spain
| | - José A. Ballarín
- Nephrology Department, Fundació Puigvert, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (I.S.); (N.S.); (J.A.B.); (L.G.)
- Institut Investigació Biosanitaria Sant Pau, Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lluís Guirado
- Nephrology Department, Fundació Puigvert, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (I.S.); (N.S.); (J.A.B.); (L.G.)
- Renal Transplant Unit, Fundació Puigvert, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat M. Díaz-Encarnación
- Nephrology Department, Fundació Puigvert, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (I.S.); (N.S.); (J.A.B.); (L.G.)
- Institut Investigació Biosanitaria Sant Pau, Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (E.G.-G.); (M.M.D.-E.)
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76
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Choi J, Jung YY, Ha IJ, Baek SH, Zhang Z, Kim SY, Hong Y, Kim S, Yeum HW, Jeon SR, Park K, Nam D. In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory and Skin Moisturizing Propertiesof Pilea martini(Levl.) Hand.-Mazz. Extracts. Nat Prod Commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x20967866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The in vitro anti-inflammatory and skin moisturizing activities of Pilea martini (Levl.) Hand.-Mazz. were investigated on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages and human immortalized keratinocytes. Chromatographic analysis was performed to identify the chemical composition of the extracts. Pilea martini extracts significantly suppressed LPS-induced nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor α production in dose-dependent manners. In addition, the extracts inhibited LPS-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 proteins and their mRNA expression through causing a downregulation of nuclear factor-κB, activator protein 1, and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling cascades. The extracts increased the production of hyaluronic acid levels and enhanced the expression levels of both filaggrin and serine palmitoyltransferase regulation. Liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy analysis showed that the extracts contained 6 different compounds (malic acid, tryptophan, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and isoquercetin) that may contribute to their bioactivities. Taken together, Pilea martini extract showed remarkable promise as an anti-inflammatory and moisturizing agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Choi
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Yun Jung
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In Jin Ha
- Korean Medicine Clinical Trial Center (K-CTC), Korean Medicine Hospital, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ho Baek
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhiyun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Soo-Yong Kim
- International Biological Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yejin Hong
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungyoon Kim
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Won Yeum
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae-Rom Jeon
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungbok Park
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwoo Nam
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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77
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Joshi I, Mohideen HS, Nazeer RA. A Meretrix meretrix visceral mass derived peptide inhibits lipopolysaccharide-stimulated responses in RAW264.7 cells and adult zebrafish model. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 90:107140. [PMID: 33187909 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The Meretrix meretrix is abundantly present in the Indian coastal areas which can be used as an important useful bioactive source for industrial applications. The M. meretrix visceral mass (MMV) was hydrolysed with four different enzymes and verified for anti-inflammatory activity with the help of HRBC membrane stabilization (HMS) and albumin denaturation (AD) assay. Among the hydrolysates, the tryptic 6th hour hydrolysate was selected for purification using ultrafiltration and size-exclusion chromatography (SEC). Further, the purified peptide was identified to have six amino acid sequence (HKGQCC, 675.582 Da). However, to confirm the anti-inflammatory effects of the purified peptide, it was investigated for nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), pro-inflammatory cytokines production as well as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and also evaluated for its functional properties. The in-vitro gastrointestinal digestion was performed on the peptide which cleaved the peptide into two i.e. MMV1 (HK, 284.1 Da) and MMV2 (GQCC, 410.1 Da). The data suggested that the MMV2 peptide have maximum activity and was found to be stable at high temperatures. The MMV2 peptide demonstrated abrupt localization throughout the adult zebrafish body and successfully downregulated the mRNA levels of inflammation-related genes in LPS-induced adult zebrafish. This study indicates that the peptide MMV2 possesses anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing the induced inflammation and can be a strong competitor against non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ila Joshi
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Habeeb Shaik Mohideen
- Bioinformatics & Entomoinformatics Lab, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rasool Abdul Nazeer
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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78
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Yasukawa K, Okuno T, Yokomizo T. Eicosanoids in Skin Wound Healing. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228435. [PMID: 33182690 PMCID: PMC7698125 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is an important process in the human body to protect against external threats. A dysregulation at any stage of the wound healing process may result in the development of various intractable ulcers or excessive scar formation. Numerous factors such as growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines are involved in this process and play vital roles in tissue repair. Moreover, recent studies have demonstrated that lipid mediators derived from membrane fatty acids are also involved in the process of wound healing. Among these lipid mediators, we focus on eicosanoids such as prostaglandins, thromboxane, leukotrienes, and specialized pro-resolving mediators, which are produced during wound healing processes and play versatile roles in the process. This review article highlights the roles of eicosanoids on skin wound healing, especially focusing on the biosynthetic pathways and biological functions, i.e., inflammation, proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, remodeling, and scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Yasukawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; (K.Y.); (T.Y.)
- Drug Discovery Research Department, Sato Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo 140-0011, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Okuno
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; (K.Y.); (T.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-5802-1031
| | - Takehiko Yokomizo
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; (K.Y.); (T.Y.)
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79
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Bayani A, Dunster JL, Crofts JJ, Nelson MR. Spatial considerations in the resolution of inflammation: Elucidating leukocyte interactions via an experimentally-calibrated agent-based model. PLoS Comput Biol 2020; 16:e1008413. [PMID: 33137107 PMCID: PMC7660912 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Many common medical conditions (such as cancer, arthritis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and others) are associated with inflammation, and even more so when combined with the effects of ageing and multimorbidity. While the inflammatory response varies in different tissue types, under disease and in response to therapeutic interventions, it has common interactions that occur between immune cells and inflammatory mediators. Understanding these underlying inflammatory mechanisms is key in progressing treatments and therapies for numerous inflammatory conditions. It is now considered that constituent mechanisms of the inflammatory response can be actively manipulated in order to drive resolution of inflammatory damage; particularly, those mechanisms related to the pro-inflammatory role of neutrophils and the anti-inflammatory role of macrophages. In this article, we describe the assembly of a hybrid mathematical model in which the spatial spread of inflammatory mediators is described through partial differential equations, and immune cells (neutrophils and macrophages) are described individually via an agent-based modelling approach. We pay close attention to how immune cells chemotax toward pro-inflammatory mediators, presenting a model for cell chemotaxis that is calibrated against experimentally observed cell trajectories in healthy and COPD-affected scenarios. We illustrate how variations in key model parameters can drive the switch from resolution of inflammation to chronic outcomes, and show that aberrant neutrophil chemotaxis can move an otherwise healthy outcome to one of chronicity. Finally, we reflect on our results in the context of the on-going hunt for new therapeutic interventions. Inflammation is the body’s primary defence to harmful stimuli such as infections, toxins and tissue strain but also underlies a much broader range of conditions, including asthma, arthritis and cancer. The inflammatory response is key in resolving injury to facilitate recovery, and involves a range of interactions between immune cells (leukocytes, neutrophils and macrophages in particular) and inflammatory mediators. Immune cells are recruited from the blood stream in response to injury. Once in tissue, neutrophils release toxins to kill invading agents and resolve damage; however, if not carefully managed by other immune cells (mainly macrophages), their responses can increase inflammation instead of helping to resolve it. We model these interactions in response to damage using a spatial model, examining how a healthy response can prevent localised inflammation from spreading. We pay close attention to how cells migrate toward the damaged area, as many inflammatory conditions are associated with impairment of this process. We calibrate our model against experimentally-observed cell trajectories from healthy patients and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We illustrate that a healthy outcome depends strongly upon efficient cell migration and a delicate balance between the pro- and anti-inflammatory effects of neutrophils and macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahita Bayani
- Department of Physics & Mathematics, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Campus, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, United Kingdom
| | - Joanne L. Dunster
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AS, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan J. Crofts
- Department of Physics & Mathematics, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Campus, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, United Kingdom
| | - Martin R. Nelson
- Department of Physics & Mathematics, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Campus, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Kim SY, Ahn G, Kim HS, Je JG, Kim KN, Jeon YJ. Diphlorethohydroxycarmalol (DPHC) Isolated from the Brown Alga Ishige okamurae Acts on Inflammatory Myopathy as an Inhibitory Agent of TNF-α. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E529. [PMID: 33114618 PMCID: PMC7692396 DOI: 10.3390/md18110529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation affects various organs of the human body, including skeletal muscle. Phlorotannins are natural biologically active substances found in marine brown algae and exhibit anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, we focused on the effects of phlorotannins on anti-inflammatory activity and skeletal muscle cell proliferation activity to identify the protective effects on the inflammatory myopathy. First, the five species of marine brown algal extracts dramatically inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells without toxicity at all the concentrations tested. Moreover, the extracts collected from Ishige okamurae (I. okamurae) significantly increased cell proliferation of C2C12 myoblasts compared to the non-treated cells with non-toxicity. In addition, as a result of finding a potential tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibitor that regulates the signaling pathway of muscle degradation in I. okamurae-derived natural bioactive compounds, Diphlorethohydroxycarmalol (DPHC) is favorably docked to the TNF-α with the lowest binding energy and docking interaction energy value. Moreover, DPHC down-regulated the mRNA expression level of pro-inflammatory cytokines and suppressed the muscle RING-finger protein (MuRF)-1 and Muscle Atrophy F-box (MAFbx)/Atrgoin-1, which are the key protein muscle atrophy via nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) signaling pathways in TNF-α-stimulated C2C12 myotubes. Therefore, it is expected that DPHC isolated from IO would be developed as a TNF-α inhibitor against inflammatory myopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo-Young Kim
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (S.-Y.K.); (H.-S.K.); (J.-G.J.)
- Chuncheon Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Chuncheon 24341, Korea;
| | - Ginnae Ahn
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Korea;
| | - Hyun-Soo Kim
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (S.-Y.K.); (H.-S.K.); (J.-G.J.)
- Department of Applied Research, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, 75, Jangsan-ro 101-gil, Janghang-eup, Seocheon 33662, Korea
| | - Jun-Geon Je
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (S.-Y.K.); (H.-S.K.); (J.-G.J.)
| | - Kil-Nam Kim
- Chuncheon Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Chuncheon 24341, Korea;
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (S.-Y.K.); (H.-S.K.); (J.-G.J.)
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81
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Dual Effect of Soloxolone Methyl on LPS-Induced Inflammation In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217876. [PMID: 33114200 PMCID: PMC7660695 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-extracted triterpenoids belong to a class of bioactive compounds with pleotropic functions, including antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory effects. In this work, we investigated the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities of a semisynthetic derivative of 18βH-glycyrrhetinic acid (18βH-GA), soloxolone methyl (methyl 2-cyano-3,12-dioxo-18βH-olean-9(11),1(2)-dien-30-oate, or SM) in vitro on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages and in vivo in models of acute inflammation: LPS-induced endotoxemia and carrageenan-induced peritonitis. SM used at non-cytotoxic concentrations was found to attenuate the production of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide (II) and increase the level of reduced glutathione production by LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, SM strongly suppressed the phagocytic and migration activity of activated macrophages. These effects were found to be associated with the stimulation of heme oxigenase-1 (HO-1) expression, as well as with the inhibition of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and Akt phosphorylation. Surprisingly, it was found that SM significantly enhanced LPS-induced expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in RAW264.7 cells via activation of the c-Jun/Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling axis. In vivo pre-exposure treatment with SM effectively inhibited the development of carrageenan-induced acute inflammation in the peritoneal cavity, but it did not improve LPS-induced inflammation in the endotoxemia model.
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82
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Loupy KM, Lee T, Zambrano CA, Elsayed AI, D'Angelo HM, Fonken LK, Frank MG, Maier SF, Lowry CA. Alzheimer's Disease: Protective Effects of Mycobacterium vaccae, a Soil-Derived Mycobacterium with Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Tubercular Properties, on the Proteomic Profiles of Plasma and Cerebrospinal Fluid in Rats. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 78:965-987. [PMID: 33074227 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an inflammatory neurodegenerative disease that may be associated with prior bacterial infections. Microbial "old friends" can suppress exaggerated inflammation in response to disease-causing infections or increase clearance of pathogens such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which causes tuberculosis (TB). One such "old friend" is Mycobacterium vaccae NCTC 11659, a soil-derived bacterium that has been proposed either as a vaccine for prevention of TB, or as immunotherapy for the treatment of TB when used alongside first line anti-TB drug treatment. OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to use a hypothesis generating approach to explore the effects of M. vaccae on physiological changes in the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). METHODS Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based proteomics were performed in plasma and CSF of adult male rats after immunization with a heat-killed preparation of M. vaccae NCTC 11659 or borate-buffered saline vehicle. Gene enrichment analysis and analysis of protein-protein interactions were performed to integrate physiological network changes in plasma and CSF. We used RT-qPCR to assess immune and metabolic gene expression changes in the hippocampus. RESULTS In both plasma and CSF, immunization with M. vaccae increased proteins associated with immune activation and downregulated proteins corresponding to lipid (including phospholipid and cholesterol) metabolism. Immunization with M. vaccae also increased hippocampal expression of interleukin-4 (IL-4) mRNA, implicating anti-inflammatory effects in the central nervous system. CONCLUSION M. vaccae alters host immune activity and lipid metabolism. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that microbe-host interactions may protect against possible infection-induced, inflammation-related cognitive impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey M Loupy
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Thomas Lee
- Central Analytical Laboratory and Mass Spectrometry Facility, Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Cristian A Zambrano
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Ahmed I Elsayed
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Heather M D'Angelo
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Laura K Fonken
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Matthew G Frank
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.,Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Steven F Maier
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.,Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Christopher A Lowry
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.,Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.,Center for Microbial Exploration, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.,Veterans Health Administration, Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center (RMRVAMC), Aurora, CO, USA.,Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Aurora, CO, USA.,Senior Fellow, inVIVO Planetary Health, of the Worldwide Universities Network (WUN), West New York, NJ, USA
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83
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NPD1 rapidly targets mitochondria-mediated apoptosis after acute injection protecting brain against ischemic injury. Exp Neurol 2020; 335:113495. [PMID: 33038416 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria-related cell death pathways play a major role in ischemic brain injury. Thus, mitochondrial "protective" molecules could be considered for new therapeutic regimens. We recently reported that acute administration of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) triglyceride lipid emulsion, immediately after hypoxic-ischemic (HI) insult, markedly attenuated brain infarct size. This was associated with an early change of DHA-derived specialized pro-resolving mediator (SPM) profiles. Specifically, DHA treatment induced a 50% increase of neuroprotectin D1 (NPD1) levels in ischemic brain. Based on these findings, we questioned if direct administration of NPD1 after HI injury also affords neuroprotection, and if so, by what mechanisms. Using HI insult to mimic ischemic stroke in neonatal mice, we observed that acute intraperitoneal injection of NPD1 immediately after HI injury prevented the expansion of the ischemic core by ~40% and improved coordination and motor abilities compared to the control group. At 7 days after HI injury, NPD1 treatment decreased ipsilateral hemisphere atrophy and preserved motor functions in wire-holding and bridge-crossing tests compared to control littermates. Brain mitochondria, isolated at 4 h after reperfusion from mice treated with NPD1, showed an increase in the capacity to buffer calcium after HI injury, as result of the preservation of mitochondrial membranes. Further, NPD1 induced a reduction of mitochondrial BAX translocation and oligomerization, attenuated cytochrome C release and decreased AIF nuclear translocation. To confirm whether NPD1 acts as BAX inhibitor, we evaluated NPD1 action co-administrated with a pro-apoptotic agent, staurosporine, using mouse embryonic fibroblasts as in vitro model of apoptosis. NPD1 exposure markedly decreased mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, blocking BAX translocation from cytosol to mitochondria and subsequently reducing caspase-3 activation. Our findings provide novel evidence that the neuroprotective action of NPD1 is elicited rapidly in the first few hours after ischemic injury and is associated with both preserved mitochondrial membrane structure and reduced BAX mitochondrial translocation and activation.
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84
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Kuang Z, Bai J, Ni L, Hang K, Xu J, Ying L, Xue D, Pan Z. Withanolide B promotes osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via ERK1/2 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 88:106960. [PMID: 32919219 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The treatment of bone defects has always been a problem for clinicians. In recent years, research on human bone mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) has found that promoting their osteogenic differentiation could be a useful therapeutic strategy for bone healing. Previous studies have been reported that Withania somnifera Dunal inhibits osteoclastogenesis by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. Withanolide B is an active component of W. somnifera Dunal, but its role in osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs remains unknown. Here, we performed a preliminary study on the role of Withanolide B in promoting osteogenic differentiation and its possible mechanism. METHODS We investigated the effect of Withanolide B on osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs in vitro and in vivo. The effect of Withanolide B on the activity of hBMSCs was verified by CCK-8 assay and quantitative Real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blotting analysis were used to verify the effect of Withanolide B on osteogenic differentiation-specific genes and proteins. The effect of Withanolide B on ALP activity and mineral deposition was verified by ALP and ARS staining. We then used a rat tibial osteotomy model to observe the effect of Withanolide B on bone healing. RESULTS Withanolide B is noncytotoxic to hBMSCs and can effectively promote their osteogenic differentiation. Moreover, we found that Withanolide B can regulate the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs through the ERK1/2 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. When inhibitors of the ERK1/2 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways were used, the enhancement of osteogenic differentiation induced by Withanolide B was attenuated. Withanolide B also effectively promoted bone healing in the rat tibial osteotomy model. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Withanolide B can promote the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs through the ERK1/2 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways and can effectively promote bone defect healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Kuang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Jinwu Bai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Licheng Ni
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Kai Hang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Jianxiang Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Li Ying
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Deting Xue
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China.
| | - Zhijun Pan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China.
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85
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Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activity profile of a new lead compound - LQFM219. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 88:106893. [PMID: 32892073 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
LQFM219 is a molecule designed from celecoxibe (COX-2 inhibitor) and darbufelone (inhibitor of COX-2 and 5-LOX) lead compounds through a molecular hybridisation strategy. Therefore, this work aimed to investigate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of this new hybrid compound. The acute oral systemic toxicity of LQFM219 was evaluated via the neutral red uptake assay. Acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing and CFA-induced mechanical hyperalgesia were performed to evaluate the antinociceptive activity, and the anti-oedematogenic activity was studied by CFA-induced paw oedema and croton oil-induced ear oedema. Moreover, the acute anti-inflammatory activity was determined by carrageenan-induced pleurisy. In addition, cell migration, myeloperoxidase enzyme activity, and TNF-α and IL-1β levels were determined in pleural exudate. Moreover, a redox assay was conducted using electroanalytical and DPPH methods. The results demonstrated that LQFM219 was classified as GHS category 4, and it showed better free radical scavenger activity compared to BHT. Besides, LQFM219 decreased the number of writhings induced by acetic acid and the response to the mechanical stimulus in the CFA-induced mechanical hyperalgesia test. Furthermore, LQFM219 reduced oedema formation, cell migration, and IL-1β and TNF-α levels in the pleural cavity and inhibited myeloperoxidase enzyme activity. Thus, our study provides that the new pyrazole derivative, LQFM219, demonstrated low toxicity, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory potential in vitro and in vivo.
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86
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Boff D, Oliveira VLS, Queiroz Junior CM, Galvão I, Batista NV, Gouwy M, Menezes GB, Cunha TM, Verri Junior WA, Proost P, Teixeira MM, Amaral FA. Lipoxin A 4 impairs effective bacterial control and potentiates joint inflammation and damage caused by Staphylococcus aureus infection. FASEB J 2020; 34:11498-11510. [PMID: 32741032 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802830rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is the main cause of septic arthritis in humans, a disease associated with high morbidity and mortality. Inflammation triggered in response to infection is fundamental to control bacterial growth but may cause permanent tissue damage. Here, we evaluated the role of Lipoxin A4 (LXA4 ) in S aureus-induced arthritis in mice. Septic arthritis was induced by S aureus injection into tibiofemoral joints. At different time points, we evaluated cell recruitment and bacterial load in the joint, the production of pro-inflammatory molecules, and LXA4 in inflamed tissue and analyzed joint damage and dysfunction. LXA4 was investigated using genetically modified mice or by pharmacological blockade of its synthesis and receptor. CD11c+ cells were evaluated in lymph nodes by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry and dendritic cell chemotaxis using the Boyden chamber. Absence or pharmacological blockade of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) reduced joint inflammation and dysfunction and was associated with better control of infection at 4 to 7 days after the infection. There was an increase in LXA4 in joints of S aureus-infected mice and administration of LXA4 reversed the phenotype in 5-LO-/- mice. Blockade or absence of the LXA4 receptor FPR2 has a phenotype similar to 5-LO-/- mice. Mechanistically, LXA4 appeared to control migration and function of dendritic cells, cells shown to be crucial for adequate protective responses in the model. Thus, after the first days of infection when symptoms become evident therapies that inhibit LXA4 synthesis or action could be useful for treatment of S aureus-induced arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiane Boff
- Immunopharmacology, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vivian Louise Soares Oliveira
- Immunopharmacology, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Celso M Queiroz Junior
- Department of Morphology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Izabela Galvão
- Immunopharmacology, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Vieira Batista
- Immunopharmacology, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mieke Gouwy
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gustavo Batista Menezes
- Departamento de Morfologia, Centro de Biologia Gastrointestinal, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Thiago Mattar Cunha
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirao Preto, Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Paul Proost
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Immunopharmacology, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Flávio Almeida Amaral
- Immunopharmacology, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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87
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Cho YC, Vuong HL, Ha J, Lee S, Park J, Wibow AE, Cho S. Inhibition of Inflammatory Responses by Centella asiatica via Suppression of IRAK1-TAK1 in Mouse Macrophages. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2020; 48:1103-1120. [PMID: 32668965 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x20500548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. (C. asiatica) has been widely treated for inflammation-related diseases in China for thousands of years. While C. asiatica showed relevant effects as traditional medicine, the mechanism of C. asiatica suppressing inflammation has not been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, this study was conducted to reveal the anti-inflammatory mechanism of methanol fraction from C. asiatica (MCA) at the molecular level in murine macrophages. Levels of inflammation-related mediators were observed with treatment of MCA. MCA significantly suppressed nitric oxide production and iNOS expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Prostaglandin E2 production was alleviated by MCA via the downregulation of cyclooxygenase-2. MCA treatment also reduced pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor-[Formula: see text] and interleukin (IL)-6 levels. LPS/D-GalN-induced acute hepatitis in mouse was alleviated by MCA treatment. In addition, MCA decreased the phosphorylation of inhibitory [Formula: see text]B[Formula: see text] (I[Formula: see text]B[Formula: see text]) at Ser32/36 and thereby blocked I[Formula: see text]B[Formula: see text] degradation. TXY motif phosphorylation in the activation loops of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) was also suppressed by MCA treatment. Further investigation revealed that MCA inhibited transforming growth factor-[Formula: see text]-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) phosphorylation and IL-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK1) degradation, the upstream kinases activating nuclear factor [Formula: see text]B and MAPKs. Taken together, MCA exhibited anti-inflammatory properties via the downregulation of IRAK1-TAK1 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Chang Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Huong Lan Vuong
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Jain Ha
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Sewoong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Agung Eru Wibow
- Center for Pharmaceutical and Medical Technology, Deputy for Agroindustrial Technology and Biotechnology, The Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT), Jakarta 10340, Indonesia
| | - Sayeon Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
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88
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Klein ME, Rieckmann M, Lucas H, Meister A, Loppnow H, Mäder K. Phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidylglycerol (PG) enriched mixed micelles (MM): A new nano-drug delivery system with anti-inflammatory potential? Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 152:105451. [PMID: 32621969 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidylglycerol (PG) are naturally occurring phospholipids (PL) with intrinsic anti-inflammatory properties. The therapeutic potential of PS and PG has not been extensively explored and the main focus had been directed towards PS- and PG-liposomes. In order to increase the formulation options, we explored whether mixed micelles (MM) could be an alternative to liposomes. Potential advantages of MM are their thermodynamic stability, small size and ease of manufacture. DOPS- and DOPG-enriched MM were obtained via a co-precipitation technique and physicochemical characterization was performed. The MM, approximately 10 nm in diameter, showed no toxicity on fibroblast cell lines in vitro and virtually no hemolytic activity. The MM suppressed the TNFα-production of mIFNγ/LPS-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages (MPM) in vitro similar to DOPS- and DOPG-liposomes. Therefore, DOPS- and DOPG-loaded MM are promising new options for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Elisabeth Klein
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biosciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
| | - Max Rieckmann
- University Clinic and Outpatient Clinic for Internal Medicine III, University Medicine Halle (Saale), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
| | - Henrike Lucas
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biosciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
| | - Annette Meister
- IWE ZIK HALOmem and Institute for Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biosciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
| | - Harald Loppnow
- University Clinic and Outpatient Clinic for Internal Medicine III, University Medicine Halle (Saale), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
| | - Karsten Mäder
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biosciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany.
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89
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Cordeiro N, Freitas RHCN, Fraga CAM, Fernandes PD. Therapeutic Effects of Anti-Inflammatory N-Acylhydrazones in the Resolution of Experimental Colitis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2020; 374:420-427. [PMID: 32546529 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.120.000074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases are caused by inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, which may or may not have a specific cause or pathogen. They affect millions of people around the world and there are still few effective treatments. The aim of this work is to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of the IKK-β inhibitor LASSBio-1524 and its three analogs, LASSBio-1760, LASSBio-1763, and LASSBio-1764, on mediator production and expression of inflammatory enzymes using experimental animal models of intestinal inflammatory diseases. Colitis was performed using two different models, which mimic Crohn disease (induced by dinitrobenzene acid) and ulcerative colitis (induced by sodium dextran sulfate) in mice. In both models, a therapeutic protocol with a daily dose of 1, 3, or 30 μmol/kg was performed. LASSBio-1524 and its three analogs reduced the secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, and IFN-γ and increased secretion of IL-10, protecting gastrointestinal homeostasis. All compounds reduced macro- and microscopic colonic damage caused by experimental colitis and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase expression in the colon, as well as leukocytosis and anemia resulting from the disease. Our data may suggest LASSBio-1524 and its analogs (LASSBio-1760, LASSBio-1763, and LASSBio-1764) as promising candidates for new prototypes designed to treat inflammatory bowel diseases. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Three new N-acylhydrazones were synthetized as analogs of LASSBio-1524. All new substances were evaluated in dextran sulfate- and dinitrobenzene acid-induced colitis, with LASSBio-1760, LASSBio-1762, and LASSBio-1763 presenting a significant effect in both models of colitis without toxic effects. The new substances could be considered as a new prototype for the development of new anti-inflammatory treatments of colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Cordeiro
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Laboratório de Farmacologia da Dor e da Inflamação, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil (N.d.M.C., P.D.F.); Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil (N.d.M.C., P.D.F., C.A.M.F.); and Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil (R.H.C.N.F., C.A.M.F.)
| | - Rosana Helena Coimbra Nogueira Freitas
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Laboratório de Farmacologia da Dor e da Inflamação, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil (N.d.M.C., P.D.F.); Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil (N.d.M.C., P.D.F., C.A.M.F.); and Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil (R.H.C.N.F., C.A.M.F.)
| | - Carlos Alberto Manssour Fraga
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Laboratório de Farmacologia da Dor e da Inflamação, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil (N.d.M.C., P.D.F.); Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil (N.d.M.C., P.D.F., C.A.M.F.); and Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil (R.H.C.N.F., C.A.M.F.)
| | - Patricia Dias Fernandes
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Laboratório de Farmacologia da Dor e da Inflamação, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil (N.d.M.C., P.D.F.); Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil (N.d.M.C., P.D.F., C.A.M.F.); and Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil (R.H.C.N.F., C.A.M.F.)
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90
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Li K, Sun S, Kageyama M, Xiao L, Xing G, Gao R, You F, Fu X, Zhang Z. Evaluation of the Immunomodulatory and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Honey Bee Larva Powder. J Med Food 2020; 23:772-782. [PMID: 32456573 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2019.4554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Honey bee larva powder (HLP) has traditionally been used as a daily supplement and tonic for health promotion with an uncertain scientific basis. In this study, B16-F10 tumor-bearing mice were established to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of HLP. The proliferation and apoptosis assays were performed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of honey bee larva extract (HLE) in RAW 264.7 macrophage. The in vivo experimental results demonstrated that the oral administration of freeze-dried HLP (4 and 6 g/kg) significantly enhanced the spleen index, the percentage of CD4+cells, and the ratio of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes (CD4+/CD8+) in the peripheral blood compared with those in the tumor control mice. The in vitro studies demonstrated the potent immunomodulatory activities of HLE through the induction of RAW 264.7 macrophage proliferation and the mitigation of doxorubicin (DOX)-induced toxicity. HLE also exhibits anti-inflammatory activity by decreasing the production of nitric oxide (NO) and the cytokine level of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage. The present study provides important scientific evidence for the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities of HLP and HLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejuan Li
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuang Sun
- Shengshi Rongen Bio-tech Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | | | - Long Xiao
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Guoqing Xing
- Nature Industry of Tsukuba Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ran Gao
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fengming You
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, China
| | - Xi Fu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhenya Zhang
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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91
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Zhu Q, An YA, Kim M, Zhang Z, Zhao S, Zhu Y, Asterholm IW, Kusminski CM, Scherer PE. Suppressing adipocyte inflammation promotes insulin resistance in mice. Mol Metab 2020; 39:101010. [PMID: 32408016 PMCID: PMC7272509 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.101010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity-induced insulin resistance is closely associated with chronic subclinical inflammation in white adipose tissue. However, the mechanistic involvement of adipocyte-derived inflammation under these disease conditions remains unclear. Our aim was to investigate the relative inflammation-related contributions of adipocytes and macrophages to insulin sensitivity. METHODS RIDα/β is an adenoviral protein complex that inhibits several inflammatory pathways, including TLR4, TNFα, and IL1β signaling. We generated novel mouse models with adipocyte-specific and macrophage-specific doxycycline (dox)-inducible RIDα/β-transgenic mice (RIDad and RIDmac mice, respectively). RESULTS RIDα/β induction significantly reduced LPS-stimulated inflammatory markers, such as Tnf, Il1b, and Saa3 in adipose tissues. Surprisingly, RIDad mice had elevated levels of postprandial glucose and insulin and exhibited glucose intolerance and insulin resistance, even under chow-fed conditions. Moreover, the RIDad mice displayed further insulin resistance under obesogenic (high-fat diet, HFD) conditions despite reduced weight gain. In addition, under pre-existing obese and inflamed conditions on an HFD, subsequent induction of RIDα/β in RIDad mice reduced body weight gain, further exacerbating glucose tolerance, enhancing insulin resistance and fatty liver, and reducing adiponectin levels. This occurred despite effective suppression of the inflammatory pathways (including TNFα and IL1β). In contrast, RIDmac mice, upon HFD feeding, displayed similar weight gain, comparable adiponectin levels, and insulin sensitivity, suggesting that the inflammatory properties of macrophages did not exert a negative impact on metabolic readouts. RIDα/β expression and the ensuing suppression of inflammation in adipocytes enhanced adipose tissue fibrosis and reduced vascularization. CONCLUSION Our novel findings further corroborate our previous observations suggesting that suppressing adipocyte inflammation impairs adipose tissue function and promotes insulin resistance, despite beneficial effects on weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhang Zhu
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yu A An
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Min Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Zhuzhen Zhang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Shangang Zhao
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yi Zhu
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ingrid Wernstedt Asterholm
- Department of Physiology/Metabolic Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christine M Kusminski
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Mokhtari-Zaer A, Norouzi F, Askari VR, Khazdair MR, Roshan NM, Boskabady M, Hosseini M, Boskabady MH. The protective effect of Nigella sativa extract on lung inflammation and oxidative stress induced by lipopolysaccharide in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 253:112653. [PMID: 32035219 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Oxidative stress during inflammation can increase inflammation and damage tissue. Nigella sativa L. (NS) showed many pharmacological properties including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, the preventive effect of NS on lung inflammation and oxidative stress induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the rats was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male rats were assigned to: Control, LPS (1 mg/kg, i.p.), LPS + NS (100, 200, 400 mg/kg, i.p.), (10 per group). Saline (1 ml/kg) was intra-peritoneal (i.p.) injected instead of LPS in the rats of the control group. LPS dissolved in saline and injected i.p. daily for 14 days. Treatment with NS extracts started two days before LPS administration and treatment continued during LPS administration. White blood cells (WBC), total and differential as well as oxidative stress index in bronchoalveolar fluid (BALF) and serum, TGF-β1, IFN-γ, PGE2, and IL-4 levels in the BALF and lung histopathology were examined. RESULTS LPS administration increased total WBC, eosinophils, neutrophils, basophils, and monocytes counts as well as oxidative stress markers in the BALF and serum as well as TGF-β1, IFN-γ, PGE2, IL-4 levels in the BALF and pathological changes of the lung tissue. All of these effects were reduced by NS extract treatment dose-dependently. CONCLUSION These results suggested the protective effects of NS extract on lung inflammation and oxidative stress as well as its effect on lung pathology induced by LPS dose-dependently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Mokhtari-Zaer
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Norouzi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Reza Askari
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Khazdair
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Nama Mohammadian Roshan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mostafa Boskabady
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Hosseini
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Boskabady
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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93
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Han KJ, Lee JE, Lee NK, Paik HD. Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum KU15149 Derived from Korean Homemade Diced-Radish Kimchi. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 30:591-598. [PMID: 32238771 PMCID: PMC9728282 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2002.02052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Lactobacillus plantarum KU15149 was demonstrated to have probiotic behavior and functions, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. L. plantarum KU15149 obtained from homemade diced-radish kimchi has a high survival rate under artificial gastric acid (pH 2.5, 0.3% pepsin) and bile salt (0.3% oxgall) conditions. However, L. plantarum KU15149 did not produce β-glucuronidase, which is known to be a carcinogenic enzyme with resistance to several antibiotics, such as gentamycin, kanamycin, streptomycin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin. L. plantarum KU15149 strongly adhered to HT-29 cells and had high antioxidant activity in terms of 2,2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical-scavenging and β-carotene bleaching assays. L. plantarum KU15149 also exhibited a pronounced inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production, along with expression of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase -2 (COX-2) as well as proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, when RAW 264.7 cells were stimulated with LPS. Therefore, L. plantarum KU15149 exhibited pharmaceutical functionality as a potential probiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Jun Han
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Kyoung Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Dong Paik
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82-2-2049-6011 Fax: +82-2-455-3082 E-mail:
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94
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Bayani A, Dunster JL, Crofts JJ, Nelson MR. Mechanisms and Points of Control in the Spread of Inflammation: A Mathematical Investigation. Bull Math Biol 2020; 82:45. [PMID: 32222839 PMCID: PMC7103018 DOI: 10.1007/s11538-020-00709-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms that control the body’s response to inflammation is of key importance, due to its involvement in myriad medical conditions, including cancer, arthritis, Alzheimer’s disease and asthma. While resolving inflammation has historically been considered a passive process, since the turn of the century the hunt for novel therapeutic interventions has begun to focus upon active manipulation of constituent mechanisms, particularly involving the roles of apoptosing neutrophils, phagocytosing macrophages and anti-inflammatory mediators. Moreover, there is growing interest in how inflammatory damage can spread spatially due to the motility of inflammatory mediators and immune cells. For example, impaired neutrophil chemotaxis is implicated in causing chronic inflammation under trauma and in ageing, while neutrophil migration is an attractive therapeutic target in ailments such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We extend an existing homogeneous model that captures interactions between inflammatory mediators, neutrophils and macrophages to incorporate spatial behaviour. Through bifurcation analysis and numerical simulation, we show that spatially inhomogeneous outcomes can present close to the switch from bistability to guaranteed resolution in the corresponding homogeneous model. Finally, we show how aberrant spatial mechanisms can play a role in the failure of inflammation to resolve and discuss our results within the broader context of seeking novel inflammatory treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bayani
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Campus, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - J L Dunster
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AS, UK
| | - J J Crofts
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Campus, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - M R Nelson
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Campus, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK.
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95
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Lim JS, Lee SH, Lee SR, Lim HJ, Roh YS, Won EJ, Cho N, Chun C, Cho YC. Inhibitory Effects of Aucklandia lappa Decne. Extract on Inflammatory and Oxidative Responses in LPS-Treated Macrophages. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25061336. [PMID: 32183436 PMCID: PMC7144571 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aucklandia lappa Decne., known as “Mok-hyang” in Korea, has been used for the alleviation of abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, and stress gastric ulcers in traditional oriental medicine. We investigated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects of the ethanol extract of Aucklandia lappa Decne. (ALDE) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. ALDE significantly inhibited the LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) production and reduced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in RAW 264.7 cells. The production of other proinflammatory mediators, including COX-2, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, was reduced by ALDE in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. The mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of ALDE was elucidated to be the suppression of LPS-induced nuclear translocation of p65, followed by the degradation of IκB and the inhibition of the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK). In addition, ALDE showed enhanced radical scavenging activity. The antioxidant effect of ALDE was caused by the enhanced expression of heme oxygenase (HO-1) via stabilization of the expression of the nuclear transcription factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. Collectively, these results indicated that ALDE not only exerts anti-inflammatory effects via the suppression of the NF-κB and MAPK pathways but also has an antioxidative effect through the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Sung Lim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Jeonnam-do 58128, Korea;
- Combinatorial Tumor Immunotherapy Medical Research Center, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Jeonnam-do 58128, Korea;
| | - Sung Ho Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Sang Rok Lee
- ROK-Biotech, Jeollanamdo Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Hwasun, Jeollanam-do 58141, Korea;
| | - Hyung-Ju Lim
- Combinatorial Tumor Immunotherapy Medical Research Center, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Jeonnam-do 58128, Korea;
- Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Jeonnam-do 58128, Korea
| | - Yoon-Seok Roh
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Korea;
| | - Eun Jeong Won
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Jeonnam-do 58128, Korea;
| | - Namki Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Changju Chun
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (Y.-C.C.); Tel.: +82-62-530-2944 (C.C.); +82-62-530-2925 (Y.-C.C.)
| | - Young-Chang Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (Y.-C.C.); Tel.: +82-62-530-2944 (C.C.); +82-62-530-2925 (Y.-C.C.)
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96
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Park JY, Lee JW, Lee CH, Lee HJ, Kang KS. Synthesis and inhibitory effect of cis-guggulsterone on lipopolysaccharide-induced production of nitric oxide in macrophages. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:126962. [PMID: 31980338 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.126962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Guggulsterone is a bioactive plant sterol naturally found in migratory plants. It exists in various forms, and its active compounds include the isomers cis-guggulsterone (E-GS) and trans-guggulsterone (Z-GS). In this study, the anti-inflammatory effects of these two isomeric pregnadienedione steroids were investigated against lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory reaction in RAW264.7 mouse macrophages. Our results showed that both guggulsterones inhibited the production of NO in macrophages treated with lipopolysaccharide, with IC50 values ranging from 3.0 to 6.7 μM. E-GS exerted higher efficacy than Z-GS, and its anti-inflammatory effects was mediated through inhibition of iNOS and COX-2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yeon Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Wook Lee
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; Convergent Research Center for Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Biological Chemistry, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Ho Lee
- Research Group of Functional Food Materials, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Jeung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ki Sung Kang
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea.
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97
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Ingawale DK, Mandlik SK. New insights into the novel anti-inflammatory mode of action of glucocorticoids. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2020; 42:59-73. [PMID: 32070175 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2020.1728765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a physiological intrinsic host response to injury meant for removal of noxious stimuli and maintenance of homeostasis. It is a defensive body mechanism that involves immune cells, blood vessels and molecular mediators of inflammation. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are steroidal hormones responsible for regulation of homeostatic and metabolic functions of body. Synthetic GCs are the most useful anti-inflammatory drugs used for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), allergies, multiple sclerosis, tendinitis, lupus, atopic dermatitis, ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis whereas, the long term use of GCs are associated with many side effects. The anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive (desired) effects of GCs are usually mediated by transrepression mechanism whereas; the metabolic and toxic (undesired) effects are usually manifested by transactivation mechanism. Though GCs are most potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs, the common problem associated with their use is GC resistance. Several research studies are rising to comprehend these mechanisms, which would be helpful in improving the GC resistance in asthma and COPD patients. This review aims to focus on identification of new drug targets in inflammation which will be helpful in the resolution of inflammation. The ample understanding of GC mechanisms of action helps in the development of novel anti-inflammatory drugs for the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune disease with reduced side effects and minimal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa K Ingawale
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune, India
| | - Satish K Mandlik
- Department of Pharmacology, Sinhgad College of Pharmacy, Pune, India
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98
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Kerstholt M, Netea MG, Joosten LAB. Borrelia burgdorferi hijacks cellular metabolism of immune cells: Consequences for host defense. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2020; 11:101386. [PMID: 32035898 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2020.101386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Changes in cellular metabolism have proven to be important factors in driving cell behavior. It has been shown that cellular metabolism of immune cells changes when exposed to or infected by several pathogens: while this is often an adaptation of the host cells to the infection, sometimes it represents a mechanism through which the pathogens evade immune activation. Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the causative agent of Lyme borreliosis, is a pathogen that highly depends on the host to survive, as the bacterium lacks many central metabolic pathways to generate its own nutrients. It is therefore quite likely that the bacterium interacts with host cells to obtain these metabolites and thereby affects metabolism in the host. Previously, several studies have assessed metabolic pathways in B. burgdorferi s.l. and how it adapts to its different host species. However, few studies have looked into how the interaction with the bacterium might affect the host cell metabolism. In this review we present the major metabolic pathways activated during Lyme borreliosis, viewed from both bacterium and host metabolism, and we discuss how these pathways interact with each other, and how they influence pathogenesis of Lyme borreliosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariska Kerstholt
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Human Genomics Laboratory, Craiova University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania
| | - Leo A B Joosten
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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99
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Yang D, Li S, Duan X, Ren J, Liang S, Yakoumatos L, Kang Y, Uriarte SM, Shang J, Li W, Wang H. TLR4 induced Wnt3a-Dvl3 restrains the intensity of inflammation and protects against endotoxin-driven organ failure through GSK3β/β-catenin signaling. Mol Immunol 2020; 118:153-164. [PMID: 31884387 PMCID: PMC7035959 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence suggests a regulatory role of Wnt proteins in innate immune responses. However, the effects of Wnt3a signaling on TLR4-mediated inflammatory responses are controversial and the signaling crosstalk between TLR4 and Wnt3a remains uncertain. METHODS Gain- and Loss- of function approaches were utilized to determine the function of Wnt3a signaling in TLR4-mediated inflammatory responses. Cytokine production at protein and mRNA levels and phosphorylation of signaling molecules were measured by ELISA, qRT-PCR, and Western Blot, respectively. Endotoxemia mouse model was employed to assess the effect of Wnt3a on systemic inflammatory cytokine levels and neutrophil infiltration. RESULTS LPS stimulation leads to an increase of Wnt3a expression and its downstream molecule, Dvl3, in primary monocytes. Inhibition or silence of Wnt3a or Dvl3 significantly increases the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-12, IL-6, TNFα), robustly reduces β-catenin accumulation, and enhances the phosphorylation of NF-κB P65 and its DNA binding activity. These results were confirmed by multiple gain- and loss- of function approaches including specific siRNA and ectopic expression of Dvl3, GSK3β, and β-catenin in monocytes. Moreover, in vivo relevance was established in a murine endotoxin model, in which Wnt3a inhibition enhances the inflammatory responses by augmenting the systemic pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and neutrophil infiltration. CONCLUSIONS TLR4 activation promotes Wnt3a-Dvl3 signaling, which acts as rheostats to restrain the intensity of inflammation through regulating GSK3β-β-catenin signaling and NF-κB activity. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Wnt3a-Dvl3-β-catenin signaling axis could be a potential interventional target for manipulating the direction and intensity of inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqiang Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Henan Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - ShuJian Li
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Xiaoxian Duan
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Junling Ren
- VCU Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Lan Yakoumatos
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Yi Kang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Henan Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Silvia M Uriarte
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Jia Shang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Henan Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Huizhi Wang
- VCU Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Richmond, VA, USA.
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100
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Li Z, Mu D, Xu B, Wang C, Cheng H, Li S, Qi J. Drainage Collection After Endoscopic-Assisted Transaxillary Dual-Plane Augmentation Mammaplasty Using Cold or Electrosurgical Separation of Interpectoral Space. Plast Surg (Oakv) 2020; 28:19-28. [PMID: 32110642 PMCID: PMC7016391 DOI: 10.1177/2292550319880913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endoscopic transaxillary augmentation mammaplasty breast augmentation offers several advantages over other augmentation methods. Nonetheless, this procedure is fraught with some problems, including greater surgical trauma due to the longer separation area. We hypothesized that cold separation of the interpectoral space could reduce surgical injury in comparison to the electrosurgical method. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of endoscopic-assisted transaxillary augmentation mammaplasty using cold separation versus electrosurgical separation of the interpectoral space. METHODS In this prospective clinical trial, cold and electrosurgical separation of the interpectoral space were achieved using a separation shovel and monopolar electrotome, respectively. A total of 20 patients who visited our department in Beijing, China, for primary breast augmentation surgeries from October 1, 2017, and May 31, 2018, were included. The primary outcome was total postoperative drainage volume. The secondary outcomes were operative time, daily drainage volume, daily pain as assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS), and reoperation rate. Quantitative data were compared using independent-samples t test. Chi-square test was used to compare 2 classified indexes. RESULTS The total drainage volume was significantly lower in the cold separation group than in the electrosurgical separation group (170.45 ± 75.40 mL vs 281.05 ± 148.43 mL; P = .005). The VAS score on the first postoperative day was significantly lower in the cold separation group than in the electrosurgical separation group (6.45 ± 1.93 vs 7.55 ± 1.43; P = .048). Two (20%) reoperations owing to postoperative pain or implant stiffness were performed in the electrosurgical separation group. CONCLUSIONS Cold separation is more conducive to reducing drainage, relieving postoperative pain, and causing less damage than the electrosurgical method in endoscopic-assisted transaxillary dual-plane augmentation mammaplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifei Li
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dali Mu
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Boyang Xu
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chenglong Wang
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shangshan Li
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Qi
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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