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Ren H, Zhao F, Zhang Q, Huang X, Wang Z. Autophagy and skin wound healing. BURNS & TRAUMA 2022; 10:tkac003. [PMID: 35187180 PMCID: PMC8847901 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkac003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a lysosome-dependent, self-renewal mechanism that can degrade and recycle cellular components in eukaryotic cells to maintain the stability of the intracellular environment and the cells ability to cope with unfavorable environments. Numerous studies suggest that autophagy participates in regulating various cellular functions and is closely associated with the onset and progression of various diseases. Wound healing is a complex, multistep biological process that involves multiple cell types. Refractory wounds, which include diabetic skin ulcers, can seriously endanger human health. Previous studies have confirmed that autophagy plays an essential role in various phases of wound healing. Specifically, in the inflammatory phase, autophagy has an anti-infection effect and it negatively regulates the inflammatory response, which prevents excessive inflammation from causing tissue damage. In the proliferative phase, local hypoxia in the wound can induce autophagy, which plays a role in anti-apoptosis and anti-oxidative stress and promotes cell survival. Autophagy of vascular endothelial cells promotes wound angiogenesis and that of keratinocytes promotes their differentiation, proliferation and migration, which is conducive to the completion of wound re-epithelialisation. In the remodeling phase, autophagy of fibroblasts affects the formation of hypertrophic scars. Additionally, a refractory diabetic wound may be associated with increased levels of autophagy, and the regulation of mesenchymal stem cell autophagy may improve its application to wound healing. Therefore, understanding the relationship between autophagy and skin wound healing and exploring the molecular mechanism of autophagy regulation may provide novel strategies for the clinical treatment of wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyue Ren
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang City 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Shenyang Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110013, Liaoning, China
| | - Qiqi Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang City 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xing Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang City 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang City 110004, Liaoning Province, China
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Wu L, Tian K, Ding Z, Zhao T, Zhang X, Cheng W, Gao S, Lu Q, Kaplan DL. MSC‐Laden Composite Hydrogels for Inflammation and Angiogenic Regulation for Skin Flap Repair. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202100231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Wu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Soochow University Suzhou 215004 P. R. China
| | - Kai Tian
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Soochow University Suzhou 215004 P. R. China
| | - Zhaozhao Ding
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Tianlan Zhao
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Soochow University Suzhou 215004 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Weinan Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics School of Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University Xiamen University Xiamen 361000 P. R. China
| | - Suyue Gao
- Department of Dermatology and Cosmetic Surgery The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Suzhou 215002 P. R. China
| | - Qiang Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - David L. Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Tufts University Medford MA 02155 USA
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Yonghong Q, Aishu L, Al-Ajam Y, Yuting L, Xuanfeng Z, Jin Z. Topical Transplantation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Made Deeper Skin Wounds Regeneration. Plast Surg (Oakv) 2022; 30:76-85. [PMID: 35096697 PMCID: PMC8793752 DOI: 10.1177/2292550320967404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Current wound healing models generally employ full-thickness or irregular split wounds. Consequently, assessing the type of healing at varying wound depths and determining the deepest level at which wounds can regenerate has been a challenge. We describe a wound model that allows assessment of the healing process over a continuous gradient of wound depth, from epidermal to full-thickness dermal loss. Further, we investigate whether green fluorescent protein-labeled bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs/GFP) transplantation could regenerate deeper wounds that might otherwise lead to scar formation. A wound gradient was created on the back of 120 Sprague Dawley rats, which were randomized into the BM-MSCs/GFP and control group. These were further subdivided into 6 groups where terminal biopsies of the healing wounds were taken at days 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, and 21 post-operatively. At each observed time point, the experimental animals were anesthetized and photographed, and depending on the group, the animals euthanized and skin taken for rapid freezing, haemotoxylin and eosin staining, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) immunohistochemistry. We found the deepest layer to regenerate in the control group was at the level of the infundibulum apex, while in the BM-MSCs/GFP group this was deeper, at the opening site of sebaceous duct at hair follicle in which had the appearance of normal skin and less wound contraction than the control group (P value less than .05). The expression of VEGF in BM-MSCs/GFP group was higher than that in control group (P value less than .05). The number of vessels increased from 2.5 ± 0.2/phf of control group to 5.0 ± 0.3/phf of BM-MSCs/GFP (P value less than .05). The progressively deepening wound model we described can identify the type of wound repair at increasing depths. Further, topical transplantation of BM-MSCs/GFP significantly improved regeneration of deeper wounds from infundibulum apex (maximum depth of control group regeneration) to the opening site of sebaceous duct at hair follicle level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Yonghong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, LanZhou, GanSu Province, China
| | - Li Aishu
- Children Healthcare Centre, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, LanZhou, GanSu Province, China
| | - Yazan Al-Ajam
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Liao Yuting
- Geriatric Department, Gansu Provincial Hospital of TCM, LanZhou, GanSu Province, China
| | - Zhang Xuanfeng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, LanZhou, GanSu Province, China,Zhang Xuanfeng and Zhang Jin, Department of Plastic Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, CuiYing Men NO.82, ChenGuan District, LanZhou, GanSu Province 730030, China. Emails: ;
| | - Zhang Jin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, LanZhou, GanSu Province, China,Zhang Xuanfeng and Zhang Jin, Department of Plastic Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, CuiYing Men NO.82, ChenGuan District, LanZhou, GanSu Province 730030, China. Emails: ;
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Recent research on the mechanism of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2022; 24:108-114. [PMID: 35177185 PMCID: PMC8802385 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2109166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease due to impaired pulmonary development and is one of the main causes of respiratory failure in preterm infants. Preterm infants with BPD have significantly higher complication and mortality rates than those without BPD. At present, comprehensive management is the main intervention method for BPD, including reasonable respiratory and circulatory support, appropriate enteral nutrition and parenteral nutrition, application of caffeine/glucocorticoids/surfactants, and out-of-hospital management after discharge. The continuous advances in stem cell medicine in recent years provide new ideas for the treatment of BPD. Various pre-clinical trials have confirmed that stem cell therapy can effectively prevent lung injury and promote lung growth and damage repair. This article performs a comprehensive analysis of the mechanism of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of BPD, so as to provide a basis for clinical applications.
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Yin S, Zhou S, Ren D, Zhang J, Xin H, He X, Gao H, Hou J, Zeng F, Lu Y, Zhang X, Fan M. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Exosomes Attenuate Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition of HK-2 cells. Tissue Eng Part A 2022; 28:651-659. [PMID: 35019728 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2021.0190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis predisposes patients to an increased risk of progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD), and effective treatments remain elusive. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) derived exosomes are considered a new treatment for tissue damage. Our study aimed to investigate the in vitro effects of bone marrow MSC-derived exosomes (BM-MSC-Ex) on transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced fibrosis in renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2 cells) and the associated mechanisms. Herein, we found exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC-Ex) could inhibit TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in HK-2 cells, and may involve autophagy activation of BM-MSC-Ex. Moreover, we first reported that after CeNPs treatment, the improvements induced by BM-MSC-Ex on EMT were significantly enhanced by up-regulating the expression of Nedd4Lof MSCs and promoting the secretion of exosomes, which contained Nedd4L. In addition, Nedd4L could activate autophagy in HK-2 cells. In conclusion, BM-MSC-Ex prevents the TGF-β1-induced EMT of renal tubular epithelial cells by transporting Nedd4L, which activates autophagy. The results of this in vitro experiment may extend to renal fibrosis, whereby BM-MSC-Ex may also be used as a novel treatment for improving renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yin
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 117850, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China;
| | - Shilin Zhou
- Fudan University School of Pharmacy, 70579, Shanghai, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, China;
| | - Dadui Ren
- Fudan University School of Pharmacy, 70579, Shanghai, China;
| | - Jing Zhang
- Fudan University School of Pharmacy, 70579, Shanghai, China;
| | - Hong Xin
- Fudan University School of Pharmacy, 70579, Shanghai, China;
| | - Xiaozhou He
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 117850, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China;
| | - Hongjian Gao
- Fudan University School of Pharmacy, 70579, Shanghai, China;
| | - Jiayun Hou
- Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, 92323, Shanghai, Shanghai, China;
| | - Feng Zeng
- Fudan University School of Pharmacy, 70579, Shanghai, China;
| | - Yunjie Lu
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 117850, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China;
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Fudan University School of Pharmacy, 70579, Shanghai, China;
| | - Min Fan
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 117850, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China;
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Effects of Sevoflurane on Apoptosis of Myocardial Cells in IRI Rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2021:3347949. [PMID: 35005016 PMCID: PMC8741344 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3347949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Cardiomyocyte apoptosis functions essentially in ischemia/reperfusion- (I/R-) induced myocardial injury. It is suggested that autophagy is widely implicated in the regulation of cell survival and death. Sevoflurane, as a largely used inhalational general anesthetic, has been shown to have a protective effect on cardiomyocytes. However, it was yet elusive on the underlying mechanisms. Aim The objective of this study is to investigate the association of sevoflurane-mediated cardioprotective effects with autophagy regulation. Methods An in vitro hypoxia model was established in primary cardiomyocytes from fresh myocardial tissue of the rats. The apoptosis rate of myocardial cells treated with hypoxia and treated with sevoflurane was measured. Western blot and immunocytochemical assay were used to measure the protein expression. The cell proliferation rate and cell apoptosis were measured using the MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Results The expression of apoptotic proteins including B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), and Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX) in myocardium treated with sevoflurane was significantly lower than that in myocardium treated with hypoxia. The expression of adhesion proteins such as intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and E-selectin in myocardium treated with sevoflurane was higher than that in myocardium treated with hypoxia, suggesting better connectivity of the myocardium. Conclusion Sevoflurane treatment reduced the apoptosis of myocardial cells after hypoxia treatment.
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Chen Q, Tang L, Zhang Y, Wan C, Yu X, Dong Y, Chen X, Wang X, Li N, Xin G, Zhang M, Chen Z, Niu H, Huang W. STING up-regulates VEGF expression in oxidative stress-induced senescence of retinal pigment epithelium via NF-κB/HIF-1α pathway. Life Sci 2022; 293:120089. [PMID: 35007563 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Aging-related dysfunction of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is the main pathogenic factors for pathological angiogenesis due to dysregulated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in retinal vascular diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR). However, the molecular mechanism behind the up-regulation of VEGF in senescent RPE is still blurred. MATERIALS AND METHODS As oxidative damage is the key cause of RPE dysfunction, we employed a model of oxidative stress-induced premature senescence of ARPE-19 to explore the effect of senescent RPE on VEGF. KEY FINDINGS We reported that senescent ARPE-19 up-regulated VEGF expression under both short-term and prolonged H2O2 treatment, accompanying with increased HIF-1α, the key mediator of VEGF. STING signaling, which could be activated by oxidative stress-damaged DNA, was also observed to be increased in senescent ARPE-19 treated with H2O2. And the inhibition of STING significantly reduced HIF-1α expression to alleviate the up-regulation of VEGF. NF-κB was also shown to be involved in the regulation of VEGF in senescent ARPE-19 in response to STING signaling. Furthermore, oxidative stress impaired the lysosomal clearance of damaged DNA to enhance STING signaling, thereby up-regulating VEGF expression in senescent RPE. SIGNIFICANCE Our data provide evidence that STING plays an important role in VEGF regulation in senescent RPE induced by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqiu Chen
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Tissue-orientated Property of Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Research Core Facility of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chengyu Wan
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Tissue-orientated Property of Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiuxian Yu
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Tissue-orientated Property of Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuman Dong
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Tissue-orientated Property of Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoting Chen
- Animal Experimental Center of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xueling Wang
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ning Li
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Guang Xin
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Tissue-orientated Property of Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Meixia Zhang
- Macular Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Tissue-orientated Property of Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hai Niu
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Tissue-orientated Property of Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wen Huang
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Tissue-orientated Property of Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Li Y, Shao C, Zhou M, Shi L. Platelet-rich plasma improves lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response by upgrading autophagy. EUR J INFLAMM 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x221112271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) plays an important role at all stages of wound healing, including the inflammatory stage. Macrophage autophagy has been found to influence the inflammatory response process. However, it is unclear whether PRP can affect inflammatory responses via macrophage autophagy. In the present study, we explored the effect of PRP on inflammatory responses and researched the underlying mechanism. Methods RAW 264.7 macrophages were treated with PRP and/or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The effects of PRP on the expression of inflammatory factors were determined by ELISA and qRT-PCR. Macrophage autophagosomes were also assessed by TEM and immunofluorescence. Autophagy and NLRP3-related proteins were investigated using Western blot analysis. Results PRP reduced the levels of inflammatory factors and increased autophagy in RAW 264.7 cells. Pretreatment with 3-MA, which is an autophagy inhibitor, abolished the impact of PRP on the inflammatory response. Moreover, PRP induced macrophage autophagy by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome. Conclusions These results show that PRP can attenuate LPS-induced inflammatory responses by enhancing autophagy via NLRP3. These study also provides a new perspective on the molecular mechanism of PRP therapy in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunyan Shao
- Department of Transfusion, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, BeiJing, China
| | - Mou Zhou
- Department of Blood Transfusion, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linying Shi
- Department of Blood Transfusion, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
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Yi J, Zhang J, Zhang Q, Chen X, Qi R, Liang R, Wang Y, Wang F, Zhong Y, Zhang X, Chin G, Liu Q, Zhou W, Liu H, Chen J, Ouyang H. OUP accepted manuscript. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:552-565. [PMID: 35511745 PMCID: PMC9154331 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szac016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely used as functional components in tissue engineering. However, the immunogenicity and limited pro-angiogenic efficacy of MSCs greatly limited their pro-regenerative ability in allogenic treatment. Herein, utilizing a chemically defined cocktail in the culture system, including cytokines, small molecules, structural protein, and other essential components, we generated the immunoprivileged and pro-angiogenic cells (IACs) derived from human adipose tissues. Conventional adipose-derived MSCs (cADSCs) were used as a control in all the experiments. IACs show typical MSC properties with enhanced stemness capacity and a robust safety profile. IACs induce a significantly milder immune response of allogenic peripheral blood mononuclear cells in an H3K27me3-HLA axis-dependent manner. IACs, through superior paracrine effects, further promote nitric oxide production, anti-apoptotic ability, and the tube formation of human vein endothelial cells. Embedded in a photo-reactive hydrogel (Gel) termed as GelMA/HA-NB/LAP for tissue engineering treatment, IACs promote faster tissue regeneration in a xenogeneic full-thickness skin defect model, eliciting a milder immune response and enhanced blood vessel formation in IACs-treated defect areas. Together with its excellent pro-regenerative potential and robust safety, our findings suggest that IACs may be a promising candidate for clinically relevant stem cell and tissue engineering therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzhi Yi
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiayan Zhang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuri Chen
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rujie Qi
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Renjie Liang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Wang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuliang Zhong
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianzhu Zhang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Grace Chin
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Liu
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenyan Zhou
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Liu
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiansong Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Jiansong Chen Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China.
| | - Hongwei Ouyang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Corresponding authors: Hongwei Ouyang, Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China.
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Eng GWL, Zheng Y, Yap DWT, Teo AYT, Cheong JK. Autophagy and ncRNAs: Dangerous Liaisons in the Crosstalk between the Tumor and Its Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:cancers14010020. [PMID: 35008183 PMCID: PMC8750064 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Tumor cells communicate with the stromal cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) to create a conducive environment for tumor growth. One major avenue for mediating crosstalk between various cell types in the TME involves exchanges of molecular payloads in the form of extracellular vesicles/exosomes. Autophagy is a fundamental mechanism to maintain intracellular homeostasis but recent reports suggest that secretory autophagy plays an important role in promoting secretion of exosomes that are packaged with non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and other biomolecules from the donor cell. Uptake of exosomal autophagy-modulating ncRNAs by recipient cells may further perpetuate tumor progression. Abstract Autophagy is a fundamental cellular homeostasis mechanism known to play multifaceted roles in the natural history of cancers over time. It has recently been shown that autophagy also mediates the crosstalk between the tumor and its microenvironment by promoting the export of molecular payloads such as non-coding RNA (ncRNAs) via LC3-dependent Extracellular Vesicle loading and secretion (LDELS). In turn, the dynamic exchange of exosomal ncRNAs regulate autophagic responses in the recipient cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME), for both tumor and stromal cells. Autophagy-dependent phenotypic changes in the recipient cells further enhance tumor growth and metastasis, through diverse biological processes, including nutrient supplementation, immune evasion, angiogenesis, and therapeutic resistance. In this review, we discuss how the feedforward autophagy-ncRNA axis orchestrates vital communications between various cell types within the TME ecosystem to promote cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gracie Wee Ling Eng
- Precision Medicine Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (YLLSoM), National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block Level 11, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (G.W.L.E.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.T.Y.); (A.Y.T.T.)
| | - Yilong Zheng
- Precision Medicine Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (YLLSoM), National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block Level 11, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (G.W.L.E.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.T.Y.); (A.Y.T.T.)
| | - Dominic Wei Ting Yap
- Precision Medicine Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (YLLSoM), National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block Level 11, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (G.W.L.E.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.T.Y.); (A.Y.T.T.)
| | - Andrea York Tiang Teo
- Precision Medicine Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (YLLSoM), National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block Level 11, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (G.W.L.E.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.T.Y.); (A.Y.T.T.)
| | - Jit Kong Cheong
- Precision Medicine Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (YLLSoM), National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block Level 11, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (G.W.L.E.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.T.Y.); (A.Y.T.T.)
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Dr, Centre for Translational Medicine #12-01, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, YLLSoM, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, MD7 #03-09, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +65-66016388
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Marofi F, Alexandrovna KI, Margiana R, Bahramali M, Suksatan W, Abdelbasset WK, Chupradit S, Nasimi M, Maashi MS. MSCs and their exosomes: a rapidly evolving approach in the context of cutaneous wounds therapy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:597. [PMID: 34863308 PMCID: PMC8642895 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02662-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, mesenchymal stem/stromal stem cell (MSC) therapy has become a promising option for accelerating cutaneous wound healing. In vivo reports have outlined the robust competences of MSCs to offer a solid milieu by inhibition of inflammatory reactions, which in turn, enables skin regeneration. Further, due to their great potential to stimulate angiogenesis and also facilitate matrix remodeling, MSCs hold substantial potential as future therapeutic strategies in this context. The MSCs-induced wound healing is thought to mainly rely on the secretion of a myriad of paracrine factors in addition to their direct differentiation to skin-resident cells. Besides, MSCs-derived exosomes as nanoscale and closed membrane vesicles have recently been suggested as an effective and cell-free approach to support skin regeneration, circumventing the concerns respecting direct application of MSCs. The MSCs-derived exosomes comprise molecular components including lipid, proteins, DNA, microRNA, and also mRNA, which target molecular pathways and also biological activities in recipient cells (e.g., endothelial cell, keratinocyte, and fibroblast). The secreted exosome modifies macrophage activation, stimulates angiogenesis, and instigates keratinocytes and dermal fibroblast proliferations as well as migrations concurrently regulate inherent potential of myofibroblast for adjustment of turnover of the ECM. In the present review, we will focus on the recent findings concerning the application of MSCs and their derivative exosome to support wound healing and skin regeneration, with special focus on last decade in vivo reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faroogh Marofi
- Immunology Research Center (IRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Ria Margiana
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Master’s Programme Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Mahta Bahramali
- Biotechnology Department, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Wanich Suksatan
- Faculty of Nursing, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, 10210 Thailand
| | - Walid Kamal Abdelbasset
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Supat Chupradit
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
| | | | - Marwah Suliman Maashi
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Unit at King Fahad Medical Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Cationic, anionic and neutral polysaccharides for skin tissue engineering and wound healing applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 192:298-322. [PMID: 34634326 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Today, chronic wound care and management can be regarded as a clinically critical issue. However, the limitations of current approaches for wound healing have encouraged researchers and physicians to develop more efficient alternative approaches. Advances in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have resulted in the development of promising approaches that can accelerate wound healing and improve the skin regeneration rate and quality. The design and fabrication of scaffolds that can address the multifactorial nature of chronic wound occurrence and provide support for the healing process can be considered an important area requiring improvement. In this regard, polysaccharide-based scaffolds have distinctive properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, high water retention capacity and nontoxicity, making them ideal for wound healing applications. Their tunable structure and networked morphology could facilitate a number of functions, such as controlling their diffusion, maintaining wound moisture, absorbing a large amount of exudates and facilitating gas exchange. In this review, the wound healing process and the influential factors, structure and properties of carbohydrate polymers, physical and chemical crosslinking of polysaccharides, scaffold fabrication techniques, and the use of polysaccharide-based scaffolds in skin tissue engineering and wound healing applications are discussed.
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63
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Liu C, Gu L, Ding J, Meng Q, Li N, Dai G, Li Q, Wu X. Autophagy in skin barrier and immune-related skin diseases. J Dermatol 2021; 48:1827-1837. [PMID: 34655245 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.16185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a process which is highly conserved in eukaryotes to degrade or recycle cytoplasmic components through lysosomes to maintain cellular homeostasis. Recent studies have shown that autophagy also plays critical roles in cell apoptosis, inflammation, pathogen clearance, and so on under stressed conditions and thereby has been linked to a variety of human disorders. The skin is the largest organ of the body and serves as the first line of defense against environmental insult. Skin as a nutrient-poor environment requires recycling of limited resources via the autophagy machinery to maintain homeostasis. Therefore, dysregulation of autophagy has been linked to skin diseases. In this review, we describe the molecular machinery and regulation of autophagy, discuss its role in keratinocytes and skin barrier, skin immune cells, and immune-related skin diseases including autoimmune skin disorders, allergic skin diseases, infectious skin disorders, and antitumor immunity against skin tumor. Finally, we highlight the potential of autophagy as a therapeutic target for immune-related skin diseases, and delivery of autophagy-related molecules (such as inducers, inhibitors, or nucleic acid molecules) by virtue of physical materials (such as nanoparticles) or biological materials (such as peptides) to skin topically may obtain clinical benefits in immune-related skin diseases. Moreover, developing autophagy-related gene product-based biomarkers may be promising to diagnose immune-related skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Liu
- Department of Geriatrics Center & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Gu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shanghai Shende Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Ding
- Department of Gerontology, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianchao Meng
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Geriatrics Center & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guifeng Dai
- Department of Geriatrics Center & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinying Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Jing'an District Center Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueyong Wu
- Department of Geriatrics Center & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Li L, Li H, He Y, Tang H, Dong J, Chen X, Lyu F, Dong Y. Cyclic pulsation stress promotes bone formation of tissue engineered laminae through the F-actin/YAP-1/β-Catenin signaling axis. NPJ Regen Med 2021; 6:51. [PMID: 34489466 PMCID: PMC8421434 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-021-00164-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical loads are fundamental regulators of bone formation and remodeling. However, the molecular regulation of mechanotransduction during vertebral laminae regeneration remains poorly understood. Here, we found that cerebrospinal fluid pulsation (CSFP) stress—cyclic pulsation stress—could promote the osteogenic and angiogenic abilities of rat mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC), thereby promoting tissue-engineered laminae’s bone and blood vessel formation. In the process, F-actin relayed CSFP stress to promote the nuclear translocation of YAP1, which then decreased the degradation and promoted the nuclear translocation of β-Catenin. In turn, the nuclear translocation of β-Catenin promoted the osteogenic differentiation and angiogenic abilities of MSC, thereby promoting tissue-engineered laminae’s bone and blood vessel formation. Thus, we conclude that CSFP promotes the osteogenesis and angiogenesis of tissue-engineered laminae through the F-actin/YAP-1/β-Catenin signaling axis. This study advances our understanding of vertebral laminae regeneration and provides potential therapeutic approaches for spinal degeneration after spinal laminectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linli Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hailong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiqun He
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Dong
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xujun Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feizhou Lyu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Youhai Dong
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Miricescu D, Badoiu SC, Stanescu-Spinu II, Totan AR, Stefani C, Greabu M. Growth Factors, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Metformin-Promoters of the Wound Healing Process in Burns? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179512. [PMID: 34502429 PMCID: PMC8431501 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Burns can be caused by various factors and have an increased risk of infection that can seriously delay the wound healing process. Chronic wounds caused by burns represent a major health problem. Wound healing is a complex process, orchestrated by cytokines, growth factors, prostaglandins, free radicals, clotting factors, and nitric oxide. Growth factors released during this process are involved in cell growth, proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Reactive oxygen species are released in acute and chronic burn injuries and play key roles in healing and regeneration. The main aim of this review is to present the roles of growth factors, reactive oxygen species, and metformin in the healing process of burn injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Miricescu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (D.M.); (A.R.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Silviu Constantin Badoiu
- Department of Anatomy and Embriology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Life Memorial Hospital, 365 Grivitei Street, 010719 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (S.C.B.); (I.-I.S.-S.)
| | - Iulia-Ioana Stanescu-Spinu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (D.M.); (A.R.T.); (M.G.)
- Correspondence: (S.C.B.); (I.-I.S.-S.)
| | - Alexandra Ripszky Totan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (D.M.); (A.R.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Constantin Stefani
- Department of Family Medicine and Clinical Base, Dr. Carol Davila Central Military Emergency University Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Maria Greabu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (D.M.); (A.R.T.); (M.G.)
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Hall BS, Dos Santos SJ, Hsieh LTH, Manifava M, Ruf MT, Pluschke G, Ktistakis N, Simmonds RE. Inhibition of the SEC61 translocon by mycolactone induces a protective autophagic response controlled by EIF2S1-dependent translation that does not require ULK1 activity. Autophagy 2021; 18:841-859. [PMID: 34424124 PMCID: PMC9037441 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2021.1961067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mycobacterium ulcerans exotoxin, mycolactone, is responsible for the immunosuppression and tissue necrosis that characterizes Buruli ulcer. Mycolactone inhibits SEC61-dependent co-translational translocation of proteins into the endoplasmic reticulum and the resultant cytosolic translation triggers degradation of mislocalized proteins by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Inhibition of SEC61 by mycolactone also activates multiple EIF2S1/eIF2α kinases in the integrated stress response (ISR). Here we show mycolactone increased canonical markers of selective macroautophagy/autophagy LC3B-II, ubiquitin and SQSTM1/p62 in diverse disease-relevant primary cells and cell lines. Increased formation of puncta positive for the early autophagy markers WIPI2, RB1CC1/FIP200 and ATG16L1 indicates increased initiation of autophagy. The mycolactone response was SEC61A1-dependent and involved a pathway that required RB1CC1 but not ULK. Deletion of Sqstm1 reduced cell survival in the presence of mycolactone, suggesting this response protects against the increased cytosolic protein burden caused by the toxin. However, reconstitution of baseline SQSTM1 expression in cells lacking all autophagy receptor proteins could not rescue viability. Translational regulation by EIF2S1 in the ISR plays a key role in the autophagic response to mycolactone. Mycolactone-dependent induction of SQSTM1 was reduced in eif2ak3−/-/perk−/- cells while the p-EIF2S1 antagonist ISRIB reversed the upregulation of SQSTM1 and reduced RB1CC1, WIPI2 and LC3B puncta formation. Increased SQSTM1 staining could be seen in Buruli ulcer patient skin biopsy samples, reinforcing genetic data that suggests autophagy is relevant to disease pathology. Since selective autophagy and the ISR are both implicated in neurodegeneration, cancer and inflammation, the pathway uncovered here may have a broad relevance to human disease. Abbreviations: ATF4: activating transcription factor 4; ATG: autophagy related; BAF: bafilomycin A1; ATG16L1: autophagy related 16 like 1; BU: Buruli ulcer; CQ: chloroquine; EIF2AK3: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3; CALCOCO2: calcium binding and coiled-coil domain 2; DMSO: dimethyl sulfoxide; EIF2S1: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; GFP: green fluorescent protein; HDMEC: human dermal microvascular endothelial cells; HFFF: human fetal foreskin fibroblasts; ISR: integrated stress response; ISRIB: integrated stress response inhibitor; MAP1LC3B/LC3B: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; MEF: mouse embryonic fibroblast; Myco: mycolactone; NBR1: NBR1 autophagy cargo receptor; NFE2L2: nuclear factor, erythroid 2 like 2; OPTN: optineurin; PFA: paraformaldehyde; PtdIns3P: phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate; RB1CC1: RB1-inducible coiled coil 1; SQSTM1: sequestosome 1; TAX1BP1: Tax1 binding protein 1; ULK: unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase; UPS: ubiquitin-proteasome system; WIPI: WD repeat domain, phosphoinositide interacting; WT: wild type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda S Hall
- Department of Microbial Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Scott J Dos Santos
- Department of Microbial Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Louise Tzung-Harn Hsieh
- Department of Microbial Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | | | - Marie-Thérèse Ruf
- Molecular Immunology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology Department, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gerd Pluschke
- Molecular Immunology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology Department, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Rachel E Simmonds
- Department of Microbial Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
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Lin KC, Yeh JN, Chen YL, Chiang JY, Sung PH, Lee FY, Guo J, Yip HK. Xenogeneic and Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells Effectively Protect the Lung Against Ischemia-reperfusion Injury Through Downregulating the Inflammatory, Oxidative Stress, and Autophagic Signaling Pathways in Rat. Cell Transplant 2021; 29:963689720954140. [PMID: 33050736 PMCID: PMC7784512 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720954140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study tested the hypothesis that both allogenic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) and human inducible pluripotent stem cell-derived MSCs (iPS-MSCs) offered a comparable effect for protecting the lung against ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rodent through downregulating the inflammatory, oxidative stress, and autophagic signaling pathways. Adult male Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 32) were categorized into group 1 (sham-operated control), group 2 (IRI), group 3 [IRI + ADMSCs (1.0 × 106 cells)/tail-vein administration at 0.5/18/36 h after IR], and group 4 [IRI + iPS-MSCs (1.0 × 106 cells)/tail-vein administration at 0.5/18/36 h after IR], and lungs were harvested at 72 h after IR procedure. In vitro study demonstrated that protein expressions of three signaling pathways in inflammation (TLR4/MyD88/TAK1/IKK/I-κB/NF-κB/Cox-2/TNF-α/IL-1ß), mitochondrial damage/cell apoptosis (cytochrome C/cyclophilin D/DRP1/ASK1/APAF-1/mitochondrial-Bax/caspase3/8/9), and autophagy/cell death (ULK1/beclin-1/Atg5,7,12, ratio of LCB3-II/LC3B-I, p-AKT/m-TOR) were significantly higher in lung epithelial cells + 6h hypoxia as compared with the control, and those were significantly reversed by iPS-MSC treatment (all P < 0.001). Flow cytometric analysis revealed that percentages of the inflammatory cells in bronchioalveolar lavage fluid and circulation, and immune cells in circulation/spleen as well as circulatory early and late apoptotic cells were highest in group 2, lowest in group 1, and significantly higher in group 3 than in group 4 (all P < 0.0001). Microscopy showed the lung injury score and numbers of inflammatory cells and Western blot analysis showed the signaling pathways of inflammation, mitochondrial damage/cell apoptosis, autophagy, and oxidative stress exhibited an identical pattern of flow cytometric results among the four groups (all P < 0.0001). Both xenogeneic and allogenic MSCs protected the lung against IRI via suppressing the inflammatory, oxidative stress, and autophagic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Chen Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung
| | - Jun-Ning Yeh
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Ling Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung.,Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung.,Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung
| | - John Y Chiang
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung.,Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung
| | - Pei-Hsun Sung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung.,Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung
| | - Fan-Yen Lee
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung.,Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung.,Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung.,Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei
| | - Jun Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,*Both the authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Hon-Kan Yip
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung.,Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung.,Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung.,Department of Nursing, Asia University, Taichung.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian, China.,*Both the authors contributed equally to this article
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Zhang X, Cui J, Cheng L, Lin K. Enhancement of osteoporotic bone regeneration by strontium-substituted 45S5 bioglass via time-dependent modulation of autophagy and the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:3489-3501. [PMID: 33690737 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02991b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a major systemic bone disease leading to an imbalance in bone homeostasis which remains a challenge in the current treatment of bone defects. Our previous studies on strontium (Sr) doping apparently stimulated osteogenesis of bioceramics, which suggested a promising strategy for the treatment of bone defects. However, the potential effects and the underlying mechanisms of Sr-doping on osteoporotic bone defects still remain unclear. Autophagy is a conventional self-degradation process of cells involved in bone homeostasis and regeneration under physiological and pathological conditions. Therefore, it is essential to design appropriate biomaterials and investigate the associated osteogenic mechanisms via autophagy. Based on this hypothesis, Sr-doped 45S5 bioglass (Sr/45S5) was fabricated, and ovariectomy bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (OVX-BMSCs) were applied as the in vitro cell culture model. First, the optimal Sr-doping concentration of 10 mol% was screened by cell proliferation, ALP staining, alizarin red S staining and the real-time PCR assay. Then, the results of western blot (WB) analysis showed that Sr-induced osteogenic differentiation of OVX-BMSCs was associated with time-dependent modulation of autophagy and related to the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Meanwhile, the autophagy in Sr-induced osteogenic differentiation of OVX-BMSCs was detected by WB, immunofluorescence staining and transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, the effect of osteogenic differentiation of OVX-BMSCs has been significantly inhibited by the administration of autophagy inhibitors and the AKT/mTOR pathway inhibitors, respectively, in the early and late periods of osteogenic differentiation. Finally, the results of the model of femoral condyle defects in OVX-rats indicated that Sr10/45S5 granules remarkably enhanced bone regeneration which provided the evidences in vivo. Our research indicates that Sr-doping provides a promising strategy to promote osteogenic differentiation of OVX-BMSCs and bone regeneration in osteoporotic bone defects via early improvement of autophagy and late activation of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Zhang
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Science, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China. and School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Jinjie Cui
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Science, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Liming Cheng
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China. and Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaili Lin
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Science, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China.
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69
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Guan Y, Niu H, Liu Z, Dang Y, Shen J, Zayed M, Ma L, Guan J. Sustained oxygenation accelerates diabetic wound healing by promoting epithelialization and angiogenesis and decreasing inflammation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabj0153. [PMID: 34452918 PMCID: PMC8397271 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Nonhealing diabetic wounds are common complications for diabetic patients. Because chronic hypoxia prominently delays wound healing, sustained oxygenation to alleviate hypoxia is hypothesized to promote diabetic wound healing. However, sustained oxygenation cannot be achieved by current clinical approaches, including hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Here, we present a sustained oxygenation system consisting of oxygen-release microspheres and a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging hydrogel. The hydrogel captures the naturally elevated ROS in diabetic wounds, which may be further elevated by the oxygen released from the administered microspheres. The sustained release of oxygen augmented the survival and migration of keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts, promoted angiogenic growth factor expression and angiogenesis in diabetic wounds, and decreased the proinflammatory cytokine expression. These effects significantly increased the wound closure rate. Our findings demonstrate that sustained oxygenation alone, without using drugs, can heal diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Guan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Hong Niu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Zhongting Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Yu Dang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Mohamed Zayed
- Department of Surgery, Section of Vascular Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Liang Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jianjun Guan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
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70
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Zhang Z, Li Z, Wang Y, Wang Q, Yao M, Zhao L, Shi J, Guan F, Ma S. PDGF-BB/SA/Dex injectable hydrogels accelerate BMSC-mediated functional full thickness skin wound repair by promoting angiogenesis. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:6176-6189. [PMID: 34297017 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00952d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is a well-orchestrated dynamic and interactive process, which needs a favorable microenvironment and suitable angiogenesis. Platelet derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) plays a crucial role in wound healing. However, the short half-life of PDGF-BB limits its efficacy. In the present study, we successfully synthesized an injectable hydrogel with sodium alginate (SA) and dextran (Dex) as a delivery system to simultaneously deliver PDGF-BB and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in the wound. Our work demonstrates that the PDGF-BB protein enhanced the survival, migration and endothelial cell (EC) differentiation of BMSCs in vitro. The PDGF-BB/SA/Dex hydrogels could sustainably release PDGF-BB with excellent biocompatibility in vitro and in vivo. Besides, these composite hydrogels loaded with BMSCs could accelerate wound healing by improving epithelialization and collagen deposition. In addition, the PDGF-BB/SA/Dex hydrogels promoted the EC-differentiation of transplanted BMSCs and proliferation of hair follicle stem cells in the wound. Furthermore, the expressions of angiogenesis-specific markers, PDGFR-β, p-PI3K, p-Akt, and p-eNOS, were obviously increased in the PDGF-BB/SA/Dex/BMSCs group. In conclusion, the PDGF-BB/SA/Dex injectable hydrogels could accelerate BMSC-mediated skin wound healing by promoting angiogenesis via the activation of the PDGF-BB/PDGFR-β-mediated PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway, which may provide a new therapeutic strategy for stem cell therapy in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenkun Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
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71
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Yang GH, Lee YB, Kang D, Choi E, Nam Y, Lee KH, You HJ, Kang HJ, An SH, Jeon H. Overcome the barriers of the skin: exosome therapy. Biomater Res 2021; 25:22. [PMID: 34217362 PMCID: PMC8254055 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-021-00224-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are nano-sized cargos with a lipid bilayer structure carrying diverse biomolecules including lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. These small vesicles are secreted by most types of cells to communicate with each other. Since exosomes circulate through bodily fluids, they can transfer information not only to local cells but also to remote cells. Therefore, exosomes are considered potential biomarkers for various treatments. Recently, studies have shown the efficacy of exosomes in skin defects such as aging, atopic dermatitis, and wounds. Also, exosomes are being studied to be used as ingredients in commercialized skin treatment products. In this review, we discussed the need for exosomes in skin therapy together with the current challenges. Moreover, the functional roles of exosomes in terms of skin treatment and regeneration are overviewed. Finally, we highlighted the major limitations and the future perspective in exosome engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi Hoon Yang
- Research Institute of Additive Manufacturing and Regenerative Medicine, Baobab Healthcare Inc., 55 Hanyangdaehak-Ro, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-Do, 15588, South Korea
| | - Yoon Bum Lee
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), 80 Cheombok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41061, South Korea
| | - Donggu Kang
- Research Institute of Additive Manufacturing and Regenerative Medicine, Baobab Healthcare Inc., 55 Hanyangdaehak-Ro, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-Do, 15588, South Korea
| | - Eunjeong Choi
- Research Institute of Additive Manufacturing and Regenerative Medicine, Baobab Healthcare Inc., 55 Hanyangdaehak-Ro, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-Do, 15588, South Korea
| | - Yoonju Nam
- Research Institute of Additive Manufacturing and Regenerative Medicine, Baobab Healthcare Inc., 55 Hanyangdaehak-Ro, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-Do, 15588, South Korea
| | - Kyoung Ho Lee
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), 80 Cheombok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41061, South Korea
| | - Hi-Jin You
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Korea University Ansan Hospital, 123 Jeokgeum-ro, Danwon-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-Do, 15355, South Korea
| | - Hyo Jin Kang
- Biomedical Research Center, Korea University Ansan Hospital, 123 Jeokgeum-ro, Danwon-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-Do, 15355, South Korea
| | - Sang Hyun An
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), 80 Cheombok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41061, South Korea.
| | - Hojun Jeon
- Research Institute of Additive Manufacturing and Regenerative Medicine, Baobab Healthcare Inc., 55 Hanyangdaehak-Ro, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-Do, 15588, South Korea.
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72
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Xu X, Liao L, Tian W. Strategies of Prevascularization in Tissue Engineering and Regeneration of Craniofacial Tissues. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2021; 28:464-475. [PMID: 34191620 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2021.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Craniofacial tissue defects caused by trauma, developmental malformation, or surgery are critical issues of high incidence, which are harmful to physical and psychological health. Transplantation of engineered tissues or biomaterials is a potential method to repair defects and regenerate the craniofacial tissues. Revascularization is essential to ensure the survival and regeneration of the grafts. Since microvessels play a critical role in blood circulation and substance exchange, the pre-establishment of the microvascular network in transplants provides a technical basis for the successful regeneration of the tissue defect. In this study, we reviewed the recent development of strategies and applications of prevascularization in tissue engineering and regeneration of craniofacial tissues. We focused on the cellular foundation of the in vitro prevascularized microvascular network, the cell source for prevascularization, and the strategies of prevascularization. Several key strategies, including coculture, microspheres, three-dimensional printing and microfluidics, and microscale technology, were summarized and the feasibility of these technologies in the clinical repair of craniofacial defects was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weidong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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73
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Wang X, Li Z, Wang C, Bai H, Wang Z, Liu Y, Bao Y, Ren M, Liu H, Wang J. Enlightenment of Growth Plate Regeneration Based on Cartilage Repair Theory: A Review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:654087. [PMID: 34150725 PMCID: PMC8209549 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.654087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The growth plate (GP) is a cartilaginous region situated between the epiphysis and metaphysis at the end of the immature long bone, which is susceptible to mechanical damage because of its vulnerable structure. Due to the limited regeneration ability of the GP, current clinical treatment strategies (e.g., bone bridge resection and fat engraftment) always result in bone bridge formation, which will cause length discrepancy and angular deformity, thus making satisfactory outcomes difficult to achieve. The introduction of cartilage repair theory and cartilage tissue engineering technology may encourage novel therapeutic approaches for GP repair using tissue engineered GPs, including biocompatible scaffolds incorporated with appropriate seed cells and growth factors. In this review, we summarize the physiological structure of GPs, the pathological process, and repair phases of GP injuries, placing greater emphasis on advanced tissue engineering strategies for GP repair. Furthermore, we also propose that three-dimensional printing technology will play a significant role in this field in the future given its advantage of bionic replication of complex structures. We predict that tissue engineering strategies will offer a significant alternative to the management of GP injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianggang Wang
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Zuhao Li
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Chenyu Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haotian Bai
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Zhonghan Wang
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Yuzhe Liu
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Yirui Bao
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA 965 Hospital, Jilin, China
| | - Ming Ren
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - He Liu
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
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Chen L, Qin L, Chen C, Hu Q, Wang J, Shen J. Serum exosomes accelerate diabetic wound healing by promoting angiogenesis and ECM formation. Cell Biol Int 2021; 45:1976-1985. [PMID: 33991016 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Nonhealing wounds in diabetes remain a global clinical and research challenge. Exosomes are primary mediators of cell paracrine action, which are shown to promote tissue repair and regeneration. In this study, we investigated the effects of serum derived exosomes (Serum-Exos) on diabetic wound healing and its possible mechanisms. Serum-Exos were isolated from blood serum of normal healthy mice and identified by transmission electron microscopy and western blot. The effects of Serum-Exos on diabetic wound healing, fibroblast growth and migration, angiogenesis and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation were investigated. Our results showed that the isolated Serum-Exos exhibited a sphere-shaped morphology with a mean diameter at 150 nm, and expressed classical markers of exosomes including HSP70, TSG101, and CD63. Treatment with Serum-Exos elevated the percentage of wound closure and shortened the time of healing in diabetic mice. Mechanistically, Serum-Exos promoted granulation tissue formation and increased the expression of CD31, fibronectin and collagen-ɑ in diabetic mice. Serum-Exos also promoted the migration of NIH/3T3 cells, which was associated with increased expression levels of PCNA, Ki67, collagen-α and fibronectin. In addition, Serum-Exos enhanced tube formation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells and induced the expression of CD31 at both protein and messenger RNA levels. Collectively, our results suggest that Serum-Exos may facilitate the wound healing in diabetic mice by promoting angiogenesis and ECM formation, and show the potential application in treating diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liushan Chen
- Department of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Linghao Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chujun Chen
- Department of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiong Hu
- Department of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junjian Wang
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Juan Shen
- Department of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Rapamycin and 3-Methyladenine Influence the Apoptosis, Senescence, and Adipogenesis of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells by Promoting and Inhibiting Autophagy: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2021; 45:1294-1309. [PMID: 33427891 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-020-02101-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to clarify the changes in apoptosis, proliferation, senescence, and adipogenesis after promoting and inhibiting autophagy in adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) by rapamycin and 3-methyladenine in vitro and in vivo. METHODS After rapamycin and 3-methyladenine pretreatment, ADSC autophagy was detected by immunofluorescence for LC3, RT-PCR for ATG genes, and western blotting (WB) for the LC3 II/I and p62 proteins. TUNEL staining, PCR of BAX, and WB of Caspase-3 were preformed to assess ADSC apoptosis. The adipogenesis of ADSCs was evaluated by Oil red O staining and PCR of PPAR-γ. CCK8 assays were conducted to detect proliferation. Senescence was tested by Sa-β-gal staining and PCR of the P16/ 19/21 genes. Moreover, the mass and volume retention rate were determined, and perilipin and CD31 staining were performed in vivo. RESULTS Rapamycin and 3-methyladenine pretreatment increased and decreased autophagy of ADSCs, respectively, under normal and oxygen-glucose deprivation conditions. Apoptosis and senescence of ADSCs were decreased, and adipogenesis was increased along with the upregulation of autophagy. However, the proliferation of ADSCs was inhibited after either rapamycin or 3-methyladenine pretreatment. In vivo, the volume and mass retention rate and the angiogenesis of the grafts were also improved after rapamycin pretreatment. CONCLUSIONS Rapamycin pretreatment reduced apoptosis, delayed senescence, and promoted adipogenesis of ADSCs. These effects were inhibited by 3-methyladenine, indicating that the changes may be mediated by autophagy. Moreover, the survival rate and angiogenesis of the grafts were increased after upregulation of ADSC autophagy in vivo, which may help improve the efficiency of clinical fat transplantation. NO LEVEL ASSIGNED This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Extracellular Vesicles from Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Facilitate Diabetic Wound Healing Through MiR-17-5p-mediated Enhancement of Angiogenesis. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 18:1025-1040. [PMID: 33942217 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10176-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction caused by persistent hyperglycemia in diabetes is responsible for impaired angiogenesis in diabetic wounds. Extracellular vehicles (EVs) are considered potential therapeutic tools to promote diabetic wound healing. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of EVs secreted by human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hucMSC-EVs) on angiogenesis under high glucose (HG) conditions in vivo and in vitro and to explore the underlying mechanisms. In vivo, local application of hucMSC-EVs enhanced wound healing and angiogenesis. In vitro, hucMSC-EVs promoted proliferation, migration, and tube formation by inhibiting phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression and activating the AKT/HIF-1α/VEGF pathways. MiR-17-5p was found to be highly enriched in hucMSC-EVs. In vitro, MiR-17-5p agomirs downregulated the expression of PTEN and activated the AKT/HIF-1α/VEGF pathway to promote proliferation, migration, and tube formation in HG-treated HUVECs. In vivo, miR-17-5p agomirs mimicked the effects of hucMSC-EVs on wound healing and angiogenesis, whereas miR-17-5p inhibitors reversed their effects. Our findings suggest that hucMSC-EVs have regenerative and protective effects on HG-induced endothelial cells via transfer of miR-17-5p targeting PTEN/ AKT/HIF-1α/VEGF pathway, thereby accelerating diabetic wound healing. Thus, hucMSC-EVs may be promising therapeutic candidates for improving diabetic wound angiogenesis.
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Zhang LL, Xiong YY, Yang YJ. The Vital Roles of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and the Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Promoting Angiogenesis After Acute Myocardial Infarction. Stem Cells Dev 2021; 30:561-577. [PMID: 33752473 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2021.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is an event of ischemic myocardial necrosis caused by acute coronary artery occlusion, which ultimately leads to a large loss of cardiomyocytes. The prerequisite of salvaging ischemic myocardium and improving cardiac function of patients is to provide adequate blood perfusion in the infarcted area. Apart from reperfusion therapy, it is also urgent and imperative to promote angiogenesis. Recently, growing evidence based on promising preclinical data indicates that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can provide therapeutic effects on AMI by promoting angiogenesis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), membrane-encapsulated vesicles with complex cargoes, including proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, can be derived from MSCs and represent part of their functions, so EVs also possess the ability to promote angiogenesis. However, poor control of the survival and localization of MSCs hindered clinical transformation and made scientists start looking for new approaches based on MSCs. Identifying the role of MSCs and their derived EVs in promoting angiogenesis can provide a theoretical basis for improved MSC-based methods, and ultimately promote the clinical treatment of AMI. This review highlights potential proangiogenic mechanisms of transplanted MSCs and the derived EVs after AMI and summarizes the latest literature concerning the novel methods based on MSCs to maximize the angiogenesis capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Yan Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue-Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Santana-Codina N, Muixí L, Foj R, Sanz-Pamplona R, Badia-Villanueva M, Abramowicz A, Marcé-Grau A, Cosialls AM, Gil J, Archilla I, Pedrosa L, Gonzalez J, Aldecoa I, Sierra A. GRP94 promotes brain metastasis by engaging pro-survival autophagy. Neuro Oncol 2021; 22:652-664. [PMID: 31637425 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND GRP94 is a glucose-regulated protein critical for survival in endoplasmic reticulum stress. Expression of GRP94 is associated with cellular transformation and increased tumorigenicity in breast cancer. Specifically, overexpression of GRP94 predicts brain metastasis (BM) in breast carcinoma patients with either triple negative or ErbB2 positive tumors. The aim of this study was to understand if microenvironmental regulation of GRP94 expression might be a hinge orchestrating BM progression. METHODS GRP94 ablation was performed in a BM model BR-eGFP-CMV/Luc-V5CA1 (BRV5CA1) of breast cancer. In vitro results were validated in a dataset of 29 metastases in diverse organs from human breast carcinomas and in BM tissue from tumors of different primary origin. BM patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) were used to test sensitivity to the therapeutic approach. RESULTS BMs that overexpress GRP94 as well as tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 2 are more resistant to glucose deprivation by induction of anti-apoptotic proteins (B-cell lymphoma 2 and inhibitors of apoptosis proteins) and engagement of pro-survival autophagy. GRP94 ablation downregulated autophagy in tumor cells, resulting in increased BM survival in vivo. These results were validated in a metastasis dataset from human patients, suggesting that targeting autophagy might be strategic for BM prevention. Indeed, hydroxychloroquine treatment of preclinical models of BM from PDX exerts preventive inhibition of tumor growth (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS We show that GRP94 is directly implicated in BM establishment by activating pro-survival autophagy. Disruption of this compensatory fueling route might prevent metastatic growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiara Santana-Codina
- Biological Clues of the Invasive and Metastatic Phenotype Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Autonomous University of Barcelona, Campus Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallés, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laia Muixí
- Biological Clues of the Invasive and Metastatic Phenotype Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ruben Foj
- Biological Clues of the Invasive and Metastatic Phenotype Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rebeca Sanz-Pamplona
- Unit of Biomarkers and Susceptibility, Oncology Data Analytics Program (ODAP), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Colorectal Cancer Group, ONCOBELL Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miriam Badia-Villanueva
- Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Center of Biomedical Research-August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Agata Abramowicz
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Anna Marcé-Grau
- Biological Clues of the Invasive and Metastatic Phenotype Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana María Cosialls
- Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Campus Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, Oncobell, Bellvitge Medical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Gil
- Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Campus Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, Oncobell, Bellvitge Medical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ivan Archilla
- Pathology Department, Center of Biomedical Diagnosis, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leire Pedrosa
- Hematology and Oncology Department, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Gonzalez
- Department of Neurosurgery Hospital Clinic Barcelona, IDIBAPS Advances in Neurosurgery Research Group, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iban Aldecoa
- Pathology Department, Center of Biomedical Diagnosis, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angels Sierra
- Biological Clues of the Invasive and Metastatic Phenotype Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Center of Biomedical Research-August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Health and Social Studies Center (CESS), University of Vic‒Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Spain
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79
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Wu Y, Liang T, Hu Y, Jiang S, Luo Y, Liu C, Wang G, Zhang J, Xu T, Zhu L. 3D bioprinting of integral ADSCs-NO hydrogel scaffolds to promote severe burn wound healing. Regen Biomater 2021; 8:rbab014. [PMID: 33936750 PMCID: PMC8071097 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbab014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe burns are challenging to heal and result in significant death throughout the world. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) have emerged as a promising treatment for full-thickness burn healing but are impeded by their low viability and efficiency after grafting in vivo. Nitric oxide (NO) is beneficial in promoting stem cell bioactivity, but whether it can function effectively in vivo is still largely unknown. In this study, we bioprinted an efficient biological scaffold loaded with ADSCs and NO (3D-ADSCs/NO) to evaluate its biological efficacy in promoting severe burn wound healing. The integral 3D-ADSCs/NO hydrogel scaffolds were constructed via 3D bioprinting. Our results shown that 3D-ADSCs/NO can enhance the migration and angiogenesis of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs). Burn wound healing experiments in mice revealed that 3D-ADSCs/NO accelerated the wound healing by promoting faster epithelialization and collagen deposition. Notably, immunohistochemistry of CD31 suggested an increase in neovascularization, supported by the upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA in ADSCs in the 3D biosystem. These findings indicated that 3D-ADSC/NO hydrogel scaffold can promote severe burn wound healing through increased neovascularization via the VEGF signalling pathway. This scaffold may be considered a promising strategy for healing severe burns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510630, China.,East China Institute of Digital Medical Engineering, Shangrao 334000, China
| | - Tangzhao Liang
- Department of Joint and Trauma Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Shihai Jiang
- East China Institute of Digital Medical Engineering, Shangrao 334000, China.,Department of Joint and Trauma Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.,Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Yuansen Luo
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510630, China.,Department of The Second Plastic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Joint and Trauma Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Guo Wang
- East China Institute of Digital Medical Engineering, Shangrao 334000, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- East China Institute of Digital Medical Engineering, Shangrao 334000, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, No. 30 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China.,Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510630, China
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80
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Paracrine interleukin-8 affects mesenchymal stem cells through the Akt pathway and enhances human umbilical vein endothelial cell proliferation and migration. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:228273. [PMID: 33843989 PMCID: PMC8493446 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20210198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-8 (IL-8) promotes cell homing and angiogenesis, but its effects on activating human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and promoting angiogenesis are unclear. We used bioinformatics to predict these processes. In vitro, BMSCs were stimulated in a high-glucose (HG) environment with 50 or 100 μg/ml IL-8 was used as the IL-8 group. A total of 5 μmol/l Triciribine was added to the two IL-8 groups as the Akt inhibitor group. Cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured in BMSCs conditioned medium (CM). The changes in proliferation, apoptosis, migration ability and levels of VEGF and IL-6 in HUVECs were observed in each group. Seventy processes and 26 pathways were involved in vascular development, through which IL-8 affected BMSCs. Compared with the HG control group, HUVEC proliferation absorbance value (A value), Gap closure rate, and Transwell cell migration rate in the IL-8 50 and IL-8 100 CM groups were significantly increased (P<0.01, n=30). However, HUVEC apoptosis was significantly decreased (P<0.01, n=30). Akt and phospho-Akt (P-Akt) protein contents in lysates of BMSCs treated with IL-8, as well as VEGF and IL-6 protein contents in the supernatant of BMSCs treated with IL-8, were all highly expressed (P<0.01, n=15). These analyses confirmed that IL-8 promoted the expression of 41 core proteins in BMSCs through the PI3K Akt pathway, which could promote the proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells. Therefore, in an HG environment, IL-8 activated the Akt signaling pathway, promoted paracrine mechanisms of BMSCs, and improved the proliferation and migration of HUVECs.
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81
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Zhu D, Chen B, Xiang Z, Lin J, Miao Z, Wang Y, Wu Y, Zhou Y. Apigenin enhances viability of random skin flaps by activating autophagy. Phytother Res 2021; 35:3848-3860. [PMID: 33792992 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Random skin flap is widely used in plastic surgery. However, flap necrosis caused by ischemia-reperfusion injury limits its clinical applications. Apigenin, a naturally occurring flavonoid mainly derived from plants, facilitates flap survival. In this study, we explored the effects of apigenin on flap survival and the underlying mechanisms. A total of 54 mice having a dorsal random flap model were randomly divided into control, apigenin, and apigenin +3-methyladenine groups. These groups were treated with dimethyl sulfoxide solution, apigenin, and apigenin +3-methyladenine, respectively. The animals were then euthanized to assess angiogenesis, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and autophagy levels through histological and protein analyses. Apigenin promotes survival of the skin flap area and reduces tissue edema. In addition, apigenin enhanced angiogenesis, attenuated apoptosis, alleviated oxidative stress, and activated autophagy. Interestingly, 3-methyladenine reversed the effects of apigenin on flap survival, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and oxidative stress through inhibition of autophagy. The findings of this study show that apigenin promotes angiogenesis, inhibits cell apoptosis, and lowers oxidative stress by mediating autophagy, thus the improving survival rate of random skin flaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingchao Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Boda Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhiyang Xiang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiahao Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhimin Miao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yihan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yaosen Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yifei Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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82
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Ma X, Lin Y, Liu Y, Li W, He J, Fang M, Lin D. Effects of Apigenin Treatment on Random Skin Flap Survival in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:625733. [PMID: 33716750 PMCID: PMC7944095 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.625733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Random skin flaps are often used in plastic surgery, but the complications of marginal flap ischemia and necrosis often limit their wider clinical application. Apigenin (Api) is a flavonoid found in various fruits and vegetables. Api has been shown to promote angiogenesis, as well as reduce oxidative stress, membrane damage, and inflammation. In this study, we assessed the effects of Api treatment on random skin flap survival. Dorsal McFarlane skin flaps were transplanted into rats, which were randomly divided into three groups: control (normal saline), low-dose Api (20 mg/kg), and high-dose Api (50 mg/kg). Seven days after the surgery, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured. Histological analyses were performed to determine flap survival and tissue edema. H&E staining was performed to assess the histopathological changes in skin flaps, and the levels of microvascular density (MVD) were determined. Laser doppler flowmetry was used to assess microcirculation blood flow. Flap angiography was performed by injection of lead oxide/gelatin. The expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interlukin-1β (IL-lβ) were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Rats in the high-dose Api group exhibited higher average flap survival area, microcirculatory flow, increased SOD activity, and higher VEGF expression levels compared with the other two groups. Furthermore, the levels of MDA and pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly decreased in rats treated with high-dose Api. Our findings suggest the potential usefulness of Api in preventing skin flap tissue necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Ma
- Department of Hand and Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Second College of Clinical Medical, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuting Lin
- First College of Clinical Medical, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yingying Liu
- Second College of Clinical Medical, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Second College of Clinical Medical, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jibing He
- Second College of Clinical Medical, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Miaojie Fang
- Second College of Clinical Medical, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dingsheng Lin
- Department of Hand and Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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83
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Lin S, He X, He Y. Co-culture of ASCs/EPCs and dermal extracellular matrix hydrogel enhances the repair of full-thickness skin wound by promoting angiogenesis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:129. [PMID: 33579369 PMCID: PMC7881476 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02203-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The repair of large-scale full-thickness skin defects represents a challenging obstacle in skin tissue engineering. To address the most important problem in skin defect repair, namely insufficient blood supply, this study aimed to find a method that could promote the formation of vascularized skin tissue. Method The phenotypes of ASCs and EPCs were identified respectively, and ASCs/EPCs were co-cultured in vitro to detect the expression of dermal and angiogenic genes. Furthermore, the co-culture system combined with dermal extracellular matrix hydrogel was used to repair the full-scale skin defects in rats. Result The co-culture of ASCs/EPCs could increase skin- and angiogenesis-related gene expression in vitro. The results of in vivo animal experiments demonstrated that the ASCs/EPCs group could significantly accelerate the repair of skin defects by promoting the regeneration of vascularized skin. Conclusion It is feasible to replace traditional single-seed cells with the ASC/EPC co-culture system for vascularized skin regeneration. This system could ultimately enable clinicians to better repair the full-thickness skin defects and avoid donor site morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Lin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoning He
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuanjia He
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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84
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Zhang F, Gao F, Wang K, Liu X, Zhang Z. MiR-34a inhibitor protects mesenchymal stem cells from hyperglycaemic injury through the activation of the SIRT1/FoxO3a autophagy pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:115. [PMID: 33546760 PMCID: PMC7866658 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02183-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are favourable treatments for ischaemic diseases; however, MSCs from diabetic patients are not useful for this purpose. Recent studies have shown that the expression of miR-34a is significantly increased in patients with hyperglycaemia; the precise role of miR-34a in MSCs in diabetes needs to be clarified. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to determine the precise role of miR-34a in MSCs exposed to hyperglycaemia and in recovery heart function after myocardial infarction (MI) in diabetes mellitus (DM) rats. METHODS DM rat models were established by high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin (STZ) injection. MSCs were isolated from the bone marrow of donor rats. Chronic culture of MSCs under high glucose was used to mimic the DM micro-environment. The role of miR-34a in regulating cell viability, senescence and paracrine effects were investigated using a cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) ELISA, respectively. The expression of autophagy- and senescence-associated proteins in MSCs and silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) and forkhead box class O 3a (FoxO3a) were analysed by western blotting. Autophagic bodies were analysed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The MI model was established by left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) ligation, and then, the rats were transplanted with differentially treated MSCs intramuscularly at sites around the border zone of the infarcted heart. Thereafter, cardiac function in rats in each group was detected via cardiac ultrasonography at 1 week and 3 weeks after surgery. The infarct size was determined through a 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining assay, while myocardial fibrosis was assessed by Masson staining. RESULTS The results of the current study showed that miR-34a was significantly increased under chronic hyperglycaemia exposure. Overexpression of miR-34a was significantly associated with impaired cell viability, exacerbated senescence and disrupted cell paracrine capacity. Moreover, we found that the mechanism underlying miR-34a-mediated deterioration of MSCs exposed to high glucose involved the activation of the SIRT1/FoxO3a autophagy pathway. Further analysis showed that miR-34a inhibitor-treated MSC transplantation could improve cardiac function and decrease the scar area in DM rats. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates for the first time that miR-34a mediates the deterioration of MSCs' functions under hyperglycaemia. The underlying mechanism may involve the SIRT1/FoxO3a autophagy signalling pathway. Thus, inhibition of miR-34a might have important therapeutic implications in MSC-based therapies for myocardial infarction in DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First People's Hospital of Suqian, Suqian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuoqi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221000, People's Republic of China.
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85
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Sylakowski K, Wells A. ECM-regulation of autophagy: The yin and the yang of autophagy during wound healing. Matrix Biol 2021; 100-101:197-206. [PMID: 33421547 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2020.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex sequence of tissue protection, replacement, and reorganization leading to regenerated tissue. Disruption of any of these steps results in the process being incomplete as an ulcer or over-exuberant as a hypertrophic scar. Over the past decade, it has become evident that the extracellular matrix and associated components orchestrate this process. However, the cellular events that are induced by the extracellular matrix to accomplish wound healing remain to be defined. Herein we propose that matrix-regulated cellular macro-autophagy is key to both the tissue replacement and resolution stages of healing by directing cellular function or apoptosis. Further, disruptions in matrix turnover alter autophagic function leading to chronic wounds or scarring. While the literature that directly investigates autophagy during wound healing is sparse, the emerging picture supports our proposing a model of the centrality of the matrix-autophagy modulation as central to physiologic and pathologic healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Sylakowski
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States; VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Systems, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Alan Wells
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States; VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Systems, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States; Department of Computational & Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States; UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States.
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86
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Chitosan and gelatin biopolymer supplemented with mesenchymal stem cells (Velgraft®) enhanced wound healing in goats (Capra hircus): Involvement of VEGF, TGF and CD31. J Tissue Viability 2020; 30:59-66. [PMID: 33386237 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM Cell-based therapy has emerged as promising strategy for chronic and impaired wounds treatment. Current research is focused on developing biomaterial systems that act as a niche for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to promote wound healing through paracrine molecular cascading. This study was aimed to evaluate the wound healing potential of Velgraft, a ready-to-use biodegradable artificial skin substitute, on excision wound in goats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twelve male goats were randomized divided in to three groups of four animals each. After infliction of surgical wound, Velgraft and Soframycin were applied on wounds of the animals of Groups II and III while Group I (sham operated) served as control. Wound diameters were measured at pre-defined time-points for determination of progressive wound healing up to 28 days. Skin sections were stained using Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) for examining the histoarchitectural changes, Masson trichome staining for ascertaining collagen synthesis and immunohistochemistry for expression of CD31, VEGF and TGF-β1 proteins to determine post-treatment angiogenesis in the inflicted wounds. RESULTS Velgraft application appreciably enhanced wound closure by day 21 which was confirmed through restoration of the normal skin architecture as evident based on histopathological examination and characterized by complete regeneration of epidermal layers, collagen fibers, blood capillaries and hair follicular formation. Stimulation of angiogenesis markers was also observed at different time-points post-Velgraft application; which is suggestive of the improved angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. CONCLUSION Velgraft facilitates wound healing by augmenting early wound closure, enhancing collagen synthesis and deposition, trichosis development and promoting revascularization and epidermal layers restoration.
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87
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Wan X, Xie MK, Xu H, Wei ZW, Yao HJ, Wang Z, Zheng DC. Hypoxia-preconditioned adipose-derived stem cells combined with scaffold promote urethral reconstruction by upregulation of angiogenesis and glycolysis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:535. [PMID: 33308306 PMCID: PMC7731784 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-02052-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale Tissue engineering is a promising alternative for urethral reconstruction, and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are widely used as seeding cells. Hypoxia preconditioning can significantly enhance the therapeutic effects of ADSCs. The low oxygen tension of postoperative wound healing is inevitable and may facilitate the nutritional function of ADSCs. This study aimed to investigate if hypoxia-preconditioned ADSCs, compared to normoxia-preconditioned ADSCs, combined with scaffold could better promote urethral reconstruction and exploring the underlying mechanism. Methods In vitro, paracrine cytokines and secretomes that were secreted by hypoxia- or normoxia-preconditioned ADSCs were added to cultures of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to measure their functions. In vivo, hypoxia- or normoxia-preconditioned ADSCs were seeded on a porous nanofibrous scaffold for urethral repair on a defect model in rabbits. Results The in vitro results showed that hypoxia could enhance the secretion of VEGFA by ADSCs, and hypoxia-preconditioned ADSCs could enhance the viability, proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, and glycolysis of HUVECs (p < 0.05). After silencing VEGFA, angiogenesis and glycolysis were significantly inhibited (p < 0.05). The in vivo results showed that compared to normoxia-preconditioned ADSCs, hypoxia-preconditioned ADSCs combined with scaffolds led to a larger urethral lumen diameter, preserved urethral morphology, and enhanced angiogenesis (p < 0.05). Conclusions Hypoxia preconditioning of ADSCs combined with scaffold could better promote urethral reconstruction by upregulating angiogenesis and glycolysis. Hypoxia-preconditioned ADSCs combined with novel scaffold may provide a promising alternative treatment for urethral reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wan
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.639, Zhizaoju Road in Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Min-Kai Xie
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.639, Zhizaoju Road in Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Huan Xu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.639, Zhizaoju Road in Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Zi-Wei Wei
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.639, Zhizaoju Road in Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Hai-Jun Yao
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.639, Zhizaoju Road in Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.639, Zhizaoju Road in Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Da-Chao Zheng
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.639, Zhizaoju Road in Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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88
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Perrotta C, Cattaneo MG, Molteni R, De Palma C. Autophagy in the Regulation of Tissue Differentiation and Homeostasis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:602901. [PMID: 33363161 PMCID: PMC7758408 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.602901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a constitutive pathway that allows the lysosomal degradation of damaged components. This conserved process is essential for metabolic plasticity and tissue homeostasis and is crucial for mammalian post-mitotic cells. Autophagy also controls stem cell fate and defective autophagy is involved in many pathophysiological processes. In this review, we focus on established and recent breakthroughs aimed at elucidating the impact of autophagy in differentiation and homeostasis maintenance of endothelium, muscle, immune system, and brain providing a suitable framework of the emerging results and highlighting the pivotal role of autophagic response in tissue functions, stem cell dynamics and differentiation rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Perrotta
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (DIBIC), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Cattaneo
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Molteni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Clara De Palma
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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89
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Yang Y, Huang Y, Li W. Autophagy and its significance in periodontal disease. J Periodontal Res 2020; 56:18-26. [PMID: 33247437 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process essential for cellular homeostasis and human health. As a lysosome-dependent degradation pathway, autophagy acts as a modulator of the pathogenesis of diverse diseases. The relationship between autophagy and oral diseases has been explored in recent years, and there is increasing interest in the role of autophagy in periodontal disease. Periodontal disease is a prevalent chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by the destruction of periodontal tissues. It is initiated through pathogenic bacterial infection and interacts with the host immune defense, leading to inflammation and alveolar bone resorption. In this review, we outline the machinery of autophagy and present an overview of work on the significance of autophagy in regulating pathogen invasion, the immune response, inflammation, and alveolar bone homeostasis of periodontal disease. Existing data provide support for the importance of autophagy as a multi-dimensional regulator in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and demonstrate the importance of future research on the potential roles of autophagy in periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Yang
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yiping Huang
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Weiran Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
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90
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Xia Y, Chen J, Ding J, Zhang J, Chen H. IGF1- and BM-MSC-incorporating collagen-chitosan scaffolds promote wound healing and hair follicle regeneration. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:6264-6276. [PMID: 33194028 PMCID: PMC7653568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Full-thickness skin injury affects millions of people worldwide each year. Although bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) have been shown to promote cutaneous wound healing, they cannot functionally promote wound healing with the recovery of appendages such as hair follicles. We previously found that growth factor plus BM-MSCs could effectively promote wound healing and hair follicle regeneration. In the present study, we grafted insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), a multifunctional cell growth factor, and BM-MSCs into a collagen-chitosan scaffold to investigate their effects on functional wound healing. Using scanning electron microscopy, histological staining, and quantitative analysis, we found that IGF1- and BM-MSC-incorporating collagen-chitosan scaffolds promote cutaneous wound healing with effective regeneration of hair follicles in a rat full-thickness skin injury model. In addition, IGF1/BM-MSCs inhibit inflammatory cytokines during wound healing. In vitro, we found that IGF1 promotes the proliferation and migration of BM-MSCs via the IGFR-mediated ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Collectively, in this study, we first demonstrated that IGF1 enhances BM-MSC-mediated wound healing as well as hair follicle regeneration. Our data suggest that the topical application of IGF1 and BM-MSCs incorporated in collagen-chitosan scaffolds can be used as a feasible and effective therapeutic approach to improve functional cutaneous wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xia
- Medical Cosmetology Department, Plastic Surgery, Shaoxing People’s Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine)Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang Province, P. R. China
| | - Jianshe Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361000, Fujian Province, P. R. China
| | - Juan Ding
- Medical Cosmetology Department, Plastic Surgery, Shaoxing People’s Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine)Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang Province, P. R. China
| | - Jianqing Zhang
- Medical Cosmetology Department, Plastic Surgery, Shaoxing People’s Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine)Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang Province, P. R. China
| | - Hong Chen
- Medical Cosmetology Department, Plastic Surgery, Shaoxing People’s Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine)Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang Province, P. R. China
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91
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Kerstan A, Niebergall-Roth E, Esterlechner J, Schröder HM, Gasser M, Waaga-Gasser AM, Goebeler M, Rak K, Schrüfer P, Endres S, Hagenbusch P, Kraft K, Dieter K, Ballikaya S, Stemler N, Sadeghi S, Tappenbeck N, Murphy GF, Orgill DP, Frank NY, Ganss C, Scharffetter-Kochanek K, Frank MH, Kluth MA. Ex vivo-expanded highly pure ABCB5 + mesenchymal stromal cells as Good Manufacturing Practice-compliant autologous advanced therapy medicinal product for clinical use: process validation and first in-human data. Cytotherapy 2020; 23:165-175. [PMID: 33011075 PMCID: PMC8310651 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2020.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background aim: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) hold promise for the treatment of tissue damage and injury. However, MSCs comprise multiple subpopulations with diverse properties, which could explain inconsistent therapeutic outcomes seen among therapeutic attempts. Recently, the adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter ABCB5 has been shown to identify a novel dermal immunomodulatory MSC subpopulation. Methods: The authors have established a validated Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP)-compliant expansion and manufacturing process by which ABCB5+ MSCs can be isolated from skin tissue and processed to generate a highly functional homogeneous cell population manufactured as an advanced therapy medicinal product (ATMP). This product has been approved by the German competent regulatory authority to be tested in a clinical trial to treat therapy-resistant chronic venous ulcers. Results: As of now, 12 wounds in nine patients have been treated with 5 × 105 autologous ABCB5+ MSCs per cm2 wound area, eliciting a median wound size reduction of 63% (range, 32–100%) at 12 weeks and early relief of pain. Conclusions: The authors describe here their GMP- and European Pharmacopoeia-compliant production and quality control process, report on a pre-clinical dose selection study and present the first in-human results. Together, these data substantiate the idea that ABCB5+ MSCs manufactured as ATMPs could deliver a clinically relevant wound closure strategy for patients with chronic therapy-resistant wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Kerstan
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Martin Gasser
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ana M Waaga-Gasser
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Matthias Goebeler
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Rak
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Schrüfer
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Endres
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Petra Hagenbusch
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - George F Murphy
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dennis P Orgill
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Natasha Y Frank
- Department of Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Transplant Research Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christoph Ganss
- TICEBA GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany; RHEACELL GmbH & Co. KG, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Markus H Frank
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Transplant Research Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Mark A Kluth
- TICEBA GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany; RHEACELL GmbH & Co. KG, Heidelberg, Germany.
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92
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Atkinson SP. A preview of selected articles. Stem Cells Transl Med 2020. [PMCID: PMC7519771 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.20-0395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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93
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Wei C, Pan Y, Zhang Y, Dai Y, Jiang L, Shi L, Yang W, Xu S, Zhang Y, Xu W, Zhang Y, Lin X, Zhang S. Overactivated sonic hedgehog signaling aggravates intrauterine adhesion via inhibiting autophagy in endometrial stromal cells. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:755. [PMID: 32934215 PMCID: PMC7492405 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02956-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy can be dynamically induced in response to stresses and is an essential, ubiquitous intracellular recycling system that impacts the fate of damaged resident cells, thereby influencing wound healing. Endometrial fibrosis is a form of abnormal wound healing that causes intrauterine adhesion (IUA) and infertility. We previously demonstrated that overactivated sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling exacerbated endometrial fibrosis, but the role of autophagy in this process is still unknown. Here, we report that impaired autophagy participates in SHH pathway-induced endometrial fibrosis. Endometrial stroma-myofibroblast transition accompanied by autophagy dysfunction was present in both endometrial biopsies of IUA patients and Amhr2cre/+R26-SmoM2+/− (AM2) transgenic mouse. Mechanistically, SHH pathway negatively regulated autophagy through pAKT-mTORC1 in a human endometrial stromal cell line (T-HESCs). Furthermore, SHH pathway-mediated fibrosis was partly counteracted by autophagy modulation in both T-HESCs and the murine IUA model. Specifically, the impact of SHH pathway inhibition (GANT61) was reversed by the pharmacological autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) or RNA interference of autophagy-related gene ATG5 or ATG7. Similar results were obtained from the murine IUA model treated with GANT61 and CQ. Moreover, promoting autophagy with rapamycin reduced fibrosis in the AM2 IUA model to baseline levels. In summary, defective autophagy is involved in SHH pathway-driven endometrial fibrosis, suggesting a potential novel molecular target for IUA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wei
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, No. 3 Qingchun East Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Yibin Pan
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, No. 3 Qingchun East Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Yinli Zhang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, No. 3 Qingchun East Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Yongdong Dai
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, No. 3 Qingchun East Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Lingling Jiang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, No. 3 Qingchun East Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Libing Shi
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, No. 3 Qingchun East Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Weijie Yang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, No. 3 Qingchun East Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Shiqian Xu
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, No. 3 Qingchun East Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Yingyi Zhang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, No. 3 Qingchun East Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Wenzhi Xu
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, No. 3 Qingchun East Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Yanling Zhang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, No. 3 Qingchun East Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Xiaona Lin
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China. .,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, No. 3 Qingchun East Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
| | - Songying Zhang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China. .,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, No. 3 Qingchun East Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
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94
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Wang T, Yang L, Li Y, Bao C, Tang M, Huang X, Cheng H. Simple and Efficient Synthesis of Various Sized Gold Nanoparticles for the Selective Electrochemical Determination of Dopamine. ANAL LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2020.1793995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wang
- College of Pharmacy, South Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Lili Yang
- College of Pharmacy, South Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Li
- College of Pharmacy, South Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Changhao Bao
- College of Pharmacy, South Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Minyi Tang
- College of Pharmacy, South Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianju Huang
- College of Pharmacy, South Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Han Cheng
- College of Pharmacy, South Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Ethnopharmacology Education, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
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95
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Zhang F, Qiao S, Li C, Wu B, Reischl S, Neumann PA. The immunologic changes during different phases of intestinal anastomotic healing. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 34:e23493. [PMID: 32692419 PMCID: PMC7676198 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal anatomosis is a complex and multicellular process that involving three overlapped phases: exudative phase, proliferative phase, and reparative phase. Undisturbed anastomotic healings are crucial for the recovery of patients after operations but unsuccessful healings are linked with a considerable mortality. This time, we concentrate on the immunologic changes during different phases of intestinal anastomotic healing and select several major immune cells and cytokines of each phase to get a better understanding of these immunologic changes in different phases, which will be significant for more precise therapy strategies in anastomoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Tongren Municipal People's Hospital of Guizhou Medical University(GMU), Guizhou, 554300, China.,Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich(TUM), Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Song Qiao
- Department of General Surgery, Tongren Municipal People's Hospital of Guizhou Medical University(GMU), Guizhou, 554300, China
| | - Chunqiao Li
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich(TUM), Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Bo Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Tongren Municipal People's Hospital of Guizhou Medical University(GMU), Guizhou, 554300, China
| | - Stefan Reischl
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich(TUM), Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Philipp-Alexander Neumann
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich(TUM), Munich, 81675, Germany
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96
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Bafilomycin A1 Accelerates Chronic Refractory Wound Healing in db/db Mice. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:6265701. [PMID: 32714982 PMCID: PMC7354638 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6265701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies have reported that autophagy plays an important role in chronic wound healing, and enhancement of autophagic activity impairs cutaneous wound healing. The autophagy inhibitor Bafilomycin A1 (Baf A1) inhibits autophagy by preventing the formation of autophagosomes. This study aimed at elucidating the effect of Bafilomycin A1 on chronic refractory wound healing in diabetic mice. A total of 40 diabetic (db/db) mice and 20 nondiabetic (db/m) mice were used in this study. Full-thickness skin defects were generated in the db/db mice models, which were then divided into the following two groups: the nontreated (db/db group) and Baf A1-treated groups (Baf A1 group). The same skin defects were generated in db/m mice (db/m group) to serve as a control. We demonstrated that Baf A1 treatment significantly accelerated wound healing in db/db mice and exerted good healing effects. Moreover, Baf A1 inhibited autophagy in the newly generated epidermis and had minor effects on metabolism in db/db mice. PCNA expression, as detected by immunohistochemistry, and collagen thickness, as detected by Masson's trichrome staining on the 14th day, were higher in the db/m and Baf A1 groups than in the db/db group. In addition, the expression of the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α in the db/m and Baf A1 groups increased significantly on day 6, and the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 also increased significantly on day 9. However, there were no significant changes in the expression levels of TNF-α and IL-10 in the db/db group. Therefore, Baf A1 may accelerate diabetic chronic refractory wound healing by promoting cell proliferation, collagen production, and regulating the inflammatory balance.
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97
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Molecular mechanisms of methylglyoxal-induced aortic endothelial dysfunction in human vascular endothelial cells. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:403. [PMID: 32467587 PMCID: PMC7256048 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2602-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MGO)-induced cellular apoptosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and AGE formation are specific events that induce vascular endothelial cell (EC) toxicity in endothelial dysfunction (ED). MGO accumulates quickly in various tissues and plays a prominent role in the pathogeneses of several diabetic complications. Unbalanced angiogenesis is a gateway to the development of diabetic complications. EC apoptosis and autophagy work together to regulate angiogenesis by interacting with different angiogenic factors. In addition to understanding the deep mechanism regarding MGO-dependent autophagy/apoptosis may provide new therapeutic applications to treat diabetes and diabetic complications. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the regulatory effects of MGO-induced autophagy and apoptosis on angiogenesis in HAoEC and to elucidate the molecular mechanisms to discover new target base therapy for diabetes and diabetic complications. In MGO-stimulated HAoEC, protein expression was identified using a western blot, autophagosomes were observed by bio-transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and cell autophagic vacuoles and flux were measured using a confocal microscope. We found that MGO significantly induced autophagy, declined the pro-angiogenic effect, decreased proliferation, migration, and formation of tube-like structures, and increased autophagic vacuoles, flux and autophagosomes in the HAoEC in a dose-dependent manner. We observed that MGO-induced autophagic cell death and inhibited the ROS-mediated Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. MGO also triggered apoptosis by elevating the cleaved caspase-3 to Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and through activation of the ROS-mediated MAPKs (p-JNK, p-p38, and p-ERK) signaling pathway. Collectively, these findings suggest that autophagy and apoptosis inhibit angiogenesis via the ROS-mediated Akt/mTOR and MAPKs signaling pathways, respectively, when HAoEC are treated with MGO.
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98
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Jiang T, Wang Z, Sun J. Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes stimulate cutaneous wound healing mediates through TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:198. [PMID: 32448395 PMCID: PMC7245763 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01723-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous wound healing represents a morphogenetic response to injury and is designed to restore anatomic and physiological function. Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (hBM-MSC-Ex) are a promising source for cell-free therapy and skin regeneration. METHODS In this study, we investigated the cell regeneration effects and its underlying mechanism of hBM-MSC-Ex on cutaneous wound healing in rats. In vitro studies, we evaluated the role of hBM-MSC-Ex in the two types of skin cells: human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) for the proliferation. For in vivo studies, we used a full-thickness skin wound model to evaluate the effects of hBM-MSC-Ex on cutaneous wound healing in vivo. RESULTS The results demonstrated that hBM-MSC-Ex promote both two types of skin cells' growth effectively and accelerate the cutaneous wound healing. Interestingly, we found that hBM-MSC-Ex significantly downregulated TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad3, and Smad4 expression, while upregulated TGF-β3 and Smad7 expression in the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicated that hBM-MSC-Ex effectively promote the cutaneous wound healing through inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad signal pathway. The current results provided a new sight for the therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cutaneous wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiechao Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Xiantai St., Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China. .,Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, 126 Xiantai St., Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China.
| | - Zhongyu Wang
- Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, 126 Xiantai St., Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Ji Sun
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin St., Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
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99
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Chen A, Huang W, Wu L, An Y, Xuan T, He H, Ye M, Qi L, Wu J. Bioactive ECM Mimic Hyaluronic Acid Dressing via Sustained Releasing of bFGF for Enhancing Skin Wound Healing. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:3039-3048. [PMID: 35025350 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Successful dermal wound regeneration requires the coordination of repair cells and cellular signals with the extracellular matrix (ECM), which serves as an indispensable mechanical and biological supporter for cell functions and communications with varied cytokines during healing processes. Here, we developed an injectable bioactive wound dressing, methacrylated hyaluronic acid (Me-HA)-based hydrogel loading with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), endowing the dressing with the pleiotropic bioactivity to mimic natural ECM. This bFGF@Me-HA dressing was applied to a mouse with full-thickness excisional wounds to investigate its positive roles in wound repair owing to the complementary functions of HA with sustained release of bioactive bFGF. Compared with the single Me-HA and bFGF group, bFGF@Me-HA hydrogel dressings significantly enhanced wound healing with accelerated re-epithelialization, granulation formation, collagen, deposition and skin appendage regeneration. Further investigations showed significantly promoted cell proliferation and vascularization in the bFGF@Me-HA group, which was mediated by the upregulation of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expressions. In conclusion, this bFGF@Me-HA hydrogel realized the optimization of simple ECM mimic dressing via introducing the bioactive effector, bFGF, and has the potential to be widely used as an effective bioactive ECM-based wound dressing in future wound care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P. R. China
| | - Wen Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P. R. China
| | - Liang Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P. R. China.,Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anqing, Anhui 246003, P. R. China
| | - Ying An
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P. R. China
| | - Tengxiao Xuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P. R. China
| | - Huacheng He
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering. Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, P. R. China
| | - Mengqi Ye
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering. Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, P. R. China
| | - Lamei Qi
- Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anqing, Anhui 246003, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P. R. China
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100
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Sylakowski K, Bradshaw A, Wells A. Mesenchymal Stem Cell/Multipotent Stromal Cell Augmentation of Wound Healing: Lessons from the Physiology of Matrix and Hypoxia Support. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:1370-1381. [PMID: 32294456 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous wounds requiring tissue replacement are often challenging to treat and result in substantial economic burden. Many of the challenges inherent to therapy-mediated healing are due to comorbidities of disease and aging that render many wounds as chronic or nonhealing. Repeated failure to resolve chronic wounds compromises the reserve or functioning of localized reparative cells. Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells/multipotent stromal cells (MSCs) has been proposed to augment the reparative capacity of resident cells within the wound bed to overcome stalled wound healing. However, MSCs face a variety of challenges within the wound micro-environment that curtail their survival after transplantation. MSCs are naturally pro-angiogenic and proreparative, and thus numerous techniques have been attempted to improve their survival and efficacy after transplantation, many with little impact. These setbacks have prompted researchers to re-examine the normal wound bed physiology, resulting in new approaches to MSC transplantation using extracellular matrix proteins and hypoxia preconditioning. These studies have also led to new insights on associated intracellular mechanisms, particularly autophagy, which play key roles in further regulating MSC survival and paracrine signaling. This review provides a brief overview of cutaneous wound healing with discussion on how extracellular matrix proteins and hypoxia can be utilized to improve MSC retention and therapeutic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Sylakowski
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; R&D Service, VA Pittsburgh Health System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrew Bradshaw
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; R&D Service, VA Pittsburgh Health System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Alan Wells
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; R&D Service, VA Pittsburgh Health System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
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