51
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Leist C, He M, Liu X, Kaiser U, Qi H. Deep-Learning Pipeline for Statistical Quantification of Amorphous Two-Dimensional Materials. ACS NANO 2022; 16:20488-20496. [PMID: 36484533 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c06807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy enables imaging of two-dimensional (2D) materials with atomic resolution. However, dissecting the short-range-ordered structures in radiation-sensitive and amorphous 2D materials remains a significant challenge due to low atomic contrast and laborious manual evaluation. Here, we imaged carbon-based 2D materials with strong contrast, which is enabled by chromatic and spherical aberration correction at a low acceleration voltage. By constructing a deep-learning pipeline, atomic registry in amorphous 2D materials can be precisely determined, providing access to a full spectrum of quantitative data sets, including bond length/angle distribution, pair distribution function, and real-space polygon mapping. Accurate segmentation of micropores and surface contamination, together with robustness against background inhomogeneity, guaranteed the quantification validity in complex experimental images. The automated image analysis provides quantitative metrics with high efficiency and throughput, which may shed light on the structural understanding of short-range-ordered structures. In addition, the convolutional neural network can be readily generalized to crystalline materials, allowing for automatic defect identification and strain mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Leist
- Central Facility for Electron Microscopy, Materials Science Electron Microscopy, Universität Ulm, 89081Ulm, Germany
| | - Meng He
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, 710065Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Ute Kaiser
- Central Facility for Electron Microscopy, Materials Science Electron Microscopy, Universität Ulm, 89081Ulm, Germany
| | - Haoyuan Qi
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry & Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, 01062Dresden, Germany
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52
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Yu L, Xu J, Peng B, Qin G, Su G. Anisotropic Optical, Mechanical, and Thermoelectric Properties of Two-Dimensional Fullerene Networks. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:11622-11629. [PMID: 36484710 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nanoclusters like fullerenes as the unit to build intriguing two-dimensional (2D) topological structures is of great challenge. Here we propose three bridged fullerene monolayers and comprehensively investigate the novel fullerene monolayer (α-C60-2D) as synthesized experimentally [Hou et al. Nature 2022, 606, 507-510] by state-of-the-art first-principles calculations. Our results show that α-C60-2D has a direct band gap of 1.55 eV close to the experimental value, an optical linear dichroism with strong absorption in the long-wave ultraviolet region, a small anisotropic Young's modulus, a large hole mobility, and an ultrahigh Seebeck coefficient at middle-low temperatures. It is unveiled that the anisotropic optical, mechanical, electrical, and thermoelectric properties of α-C60-2D originate from the asymmetric bridging arrangements between C60 clusters. Our study promises potential applications of monolayer fullerene networks in lots of fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfeng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Jinyuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Bo Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Guangzhao Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Gang Su
- Kavli Institute for Theoretical Sciences and CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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53
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El-Machachi Z, Wilson M, Deringer VL. Exploring the configurational space of amorphous graphene with machine-learned atomic energies. Chem Sci 2022; 13:13720-13731. [PMID: 36544732 PMCID: PMC9710228 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04326b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensionally extended amorphous carbon ("amorphous graphene") is a prototype system for disorder in 2D, showing a rich and complex configurational space that is yet to be fully understood. Here we explore the nature of amorphous graphene with an atomistic machine-learning (ML) model. We create structural models by introducing defects into ordered graphene through Monte-Carlo bond switching, defining acceptance criteria using the machine-learned local, atomic energies associated with a defect, as well as the nearest-neighbor (NN) environments. We find that physically meaningful structural models arise from ML atomic energies in this way, ranging from continuous random networks to paracrystalline structures. Our results show that ML atomic energies can be used to guide Monte-Carlo structural searches in principle, and that their predictions of local stability can be linked to short- and medium-range order in amorphous graphene. We expect that the former point will be relevant more generally to the study of amorphous materials, and that the latter has wider implications for the interpretation of ML potential models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakariya El-Machachi
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of OxfordOxford OX1 3QRUK
| | - Mark Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of OxfordOxford OX1 3QZUK
| | - Volker L. Deringer
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of OxfordOxford OX1 3QRUK
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54
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Zhao H, Liu S, Yang X, Guo L. Role of Inorganic Amorphous Constituents in Highly Mineralized Biomaterials and Their Imitations. ACS NANO 2022; 16:17486-17496. [PMID: 36255102 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c05262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A highly mineralized biomaterial is one kind of biomaterial that usually possesses a high content of crystal minerals and hierarchical microstructure, exhibiting excellent mechanical properties to support the living body. Recent studies have revealed the presence of inorganic amorphous constituents (IAC) either during the biomineralization process or in some mature bodies, which heavily affects the formation and performance of highly mineralized biomaterials. These results are surprising given the preceding intensive research into the microstructure design of these materials. Herein, we highlight the role of IAC in highly mineralized biomaterials. We focused on summarizing works demonstrating the presence or phase transformation of IAC and discussed in detail how IAC affects the formation and performance of highly mineralized biomaterials. Furthermore, we described some imitations of highly mineralized biomaterials that use IAC as the synthetic precursor or final strengthening phase. Finally, we briefly summarized the role of IAC in biomaterials and provided an outlook on the challenges and opportunities for future IAC and IAC-containing bioinspired materials researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hewei Zhao
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijng 100191, China
| | - Shaojia Liu
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijng 100191, China
| | - Xiuyi Yang
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijng 100191, China
| | - Lin Guo
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijng 100191, China
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55
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Hwang E, Choi J, Hong S. Emerging laser-assisted vacuum processes for ultra-precision, high-yield manufacturing. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:16065-16076. [PMID: 36278425 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr03649e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Laser technology is a cutting-edge process with a unique photothermal response, precise site selectivity, and remote controllability. Laser technology has recently emerged as a novel tool in the semiconductor, display, and thin film industries by providing additional capabilities to existing high-vacuum equipment. The in situ and in operando laser assistance enables using multiple process environments with a level of complexity unachievable with conventional vacuum equipment. This broadens the usable range of process parameters and directly improves material properties, product precision, and device performance. This review paper examines the recent research trends in laser-assisted vacuum processes (LAVPs) as a vital tool for innovation in next-generation manufacturing processing equipment and addresses the unique characteristics and mechanisms of lasers exclusively used in each study. All the findings suggest that the LAVP can lead to methodological breakthroughs in dry etching, 2D material synthesis, and chemical vapor deposition for optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunseung Hwang
- Department of Mechanical Design Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, BK21 FOUR ERICA-ACE Center, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonmyung Choi
- Department of Mechanical Design Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, BK21 FOUR ERICA-ACE Center, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukjoon Hong
- Department of Mechanical Design Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, BK21 FOUR ERICA-ACE Center, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
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56
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A computational study on the mechanical properties of Pentahexoctite single-layer: Combining DFT and classical molecular dynamics simulations. Chem Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2022.111686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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57
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Cui Y, Li J, Cai Y, Zhang H, Zhang S. Robust Electrocatalytic Li 2 S Redox of Li-S Batteries Facilitated by Rationally Fabricated Dual-Defects. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2204183. [PMID: 36148874 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202204183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The commercialization of lithium-sulfur batteries with ultra-high theoretical energy density is restricted mainly by the notorious polysulfides "shuttle effect" and slow Li2 S redox reaction kinetics. A sulfur host material with high catalytic activity and high conductivity is greatly desired to improve its electrochemical performance. Herein, a sulfur host material, etched cotton@petroleum asphalt carbon (eCPAC), with high specific surface area and excellent catalytic activity, is demonstrated based on a synergistic strategy of introducing intrinsic lattice defects and composite carbon structure. Benefiting from in situ coupling of amorphous and crystalline materials, eCPAC exhibits high conductivity and high sulfur adsorbability. Furthermore, eCPAC containing dual intrinsic defect sites can catalyze the bidirectional sulfur chemistry of Li2 S and capture polysulfides, which is also demonstrated by systematic density functional theory calculations and the potential intermittent titration technique. S@eCPAC/Li cells exhibit excellent cycling stability and rate performance, with an average capacity decay rate of only 0.05% over 1000 cycles at 0.5 C and even 0.03% over 600 cycles at 5 C. Meanwhile, the practicality of eCPAC is proven in high-load batteries and pouch batteries. eCPAC provides a reliable strategy for achieving a win-win situation of capturing polysulfides and accelerating Li2 S redox kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyue Cui
- Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jin Li
- Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yingjun Cai
- Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Energy Storage Materials and Processes, Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Energy Storage Materials and Processes, Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Suojiang Zhang
- Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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58
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Thermal stability and fracture patterns of a recently synthesized monolayer fullerene network: A reactive molecular dynamics study. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.140075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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59
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Moehring NK, Chaturvedi P, Cheng P, Ko W, Li AP, Boutilier MSH, Kidambi PR. Kinetic Control of Angstrom-Scale Porosity in 2D Lattices for Direct Scalable Synthesis of Atomically Thin Proton Exchange Membranes. ACS NANO 2022; 16:16003-16018. [PMID: 36201748 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c03730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Angstrom-scale pores introduced into atomically thin 2D materials offer transformative advances for proton exchange membranes in several energy applications. Here, we show that facile kinetic control of scalable chemical vapor deposition (CVD) can allow for direct formation of angstrom-scale proton-selective pores in monolayer graphene with significant hindrance to even small, hydrated ions (K+ diameter ∼6.6 Å) and gas molecules (H2 kinetic diameter ∼2.9 Å). We demonstrate centimeter-scale Nafion|Graphene|Nafion membranes with proton conductance ∼3.3-3.8 S cm-2 (graphene ∼12.7-24.6 S cm-2) and H+/K+ selectivity ∼6.2-44.2 with liquid electrolytes. The same membranes show proton conductance ∼4.6-4.8 S cm-2 (graphene ∼39.9-57.5 S cm-2) and extremely low H2 crossover ∼1.7 × 10-1 - 2.2 × 10-1 mA cm-2 (∼0.4 V, ∼25 °C) with H2 gas feed. We rationalize our findings via a resistance-based transport model and introduce a stacking approach that leverages combinatorial effects of interdefect distance and interlayer transport to allow for Nafion|Graphene|Graphene|Nafion membranes with H+/K+ selectivity ∼86.1 (at 1 M) and record low H2 crossover current density ∼2.5 × 10-2 mA cm-2, up to ∼90% lower than state-of-the-art ionomer Nafion membranes ∼2.7 × 10-1 mA cm-2 under identical conditions, while still maintaining proton conductance ∼4.2 S cm-2 (graphene stack ∼20.8 S cm-2) comparable to that for Nafion of ∼5.2 S cm-2. Our experimental insights enable functional atomically thin high flux proton exchange membranes with minimal crossover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole K Moehring
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Materials Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee37235, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee37212, United States
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee37212, United States
| | - Pavan Chaturvedi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee37212, United States
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee37212, United States
| | - Peifu Cheng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee37212, United States
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee37212, United States
| | - Wonhee Ko
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
| | - An-Ping Li
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
| | - Michael S H Boutilier
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Western University, London, OntarioN6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Piran R Kidambi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee37212, United States
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee37212, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee37212, United States
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60
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Zhang YT, Wang YP, Zhang X, Zhang YY, Du S, Pantelides ST. Structure of Amorphous Two-Dimensional Materials: Elemental Monolayer Amorphous Carbon versus Binary Monolayer Amorphous Boron Nitride. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:8018-8024. [PMID: 35959969 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c02542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The structure of amorphous materials has been debated since the 1930s as a binary question: amorphous materials are either Zachariasen continuous random networks (Z-CRNs) or Z-CRNs containing crystallites. It was recently demonstrated, however, that amorphous diamond can be synthesized in either form. Here we address the question of the structure of single-atom-thick amorphous monolayers. We reanalyze the results of prior simulations for amorphous graphene and report kinetic Monte Carlo simulations based on alternative algorithms. We find that crystallite-containing Z-CRN is the favored structure of elemental amorphous graphene, as recently fabricated, whereas the most likely structure of binary monolayer amorphous BN is altogether different than either of the two long-debated options: it is a compositionally disordered "pseudo-CRN" comprising a mix of B-N and noncanonical B-B and N-N bonds and containing "pseudocrystallites", namely, honeycomb regions made of noncanonical hexagons. Implications for other nonelemental 2D and bulk amorphous materials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tian Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yun-Peng Wang
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Super Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Xianli Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu-Yang Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shixuan Du
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Sokrates T Pantelides
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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61
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Cheng L, Ma T, Zhang B, Huang L, Guo W, Hu F, Zhu H, Wang Z, Zheng T, Yang DT, Siu CK, Liu Q, Ren Y, Xia C, Tang BZ, Ye R. Steering the Topological Defects in Amorphous Laser-Induced Graphene for Direct Nitrate-to-Ammonia Electroreduction. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Le Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Tinghao Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Binghao Zhang
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Libei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Weihua Guo
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Feijun Hu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - He Zhu
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Zhaoyu Wang
- Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China
| | - Tingting Zheng
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Deng-Tao Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Chi-Kit Siu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Yang Ren
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- X-Ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Chuan Xia
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China
| | - Ruquan Ye
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518057, China
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62
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Wang W, Qi J, Zhai L, Ma C, Ke C, Zhai W, Wu Z, Bao K, Yao Y, Li S, Chen B, Repaka DVM, Zhang X, Ye R, Lai Z, Luo G, Chen Y, He Q. Preparation of 2D Molybdenum Phosphide via Surface-Confined Atomic Substitution. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2203220. [PMID: 35902244 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202203220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The emerging nonlayered 2D materials (NL2DMs) are sparking immense interest due to their fascinating physicochemical properties and enhanced performance in many applications. NL2DMs are particularly favored in catalytic applications owing to the extremely large surface area and low-coordinated surface atoms. However, the synthesis of NL2DMs is complex because their crystals are held together by strong isotropic covalent bonds. Here, nonlayered molybdenum phosphide (MoP) with well-defined 2D morphology is synthesized from layered molybdenum dichalcogenides via surface-confined atomic substitution. During the synthesis, the molybdenum dichalcogenide nanosheet functions as the host matrix where each layer of Mo maintains their hexagonal arrangement and forms isotropic covalent bonds with P that substitutes S, resulting in the conversion from layered van der Waals material to a covalently bonded NL2DM. The MoP nanosheets converted from few-layer MoS2 are single crystalline, while those converted from monolayers are amorphous. The converted MoP demonstrates metallic charge transport and desirable performance in the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). More importantly, in contrast to MoS2 , which shows edge-dominated HER performance, the edge and basal plane of MoP deliver similar HER performance, which is correlated with theoretical calculations. This work provides a new synthetic strategy for high-quality nonlayered materials with well-defined 2D morphology for future exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Junlei Qi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Zhai
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chen Ma
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chengxuan Ke
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wei Zhai
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zongxiao Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kai Bao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siyuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - D V Maheswar Repaka
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138632, Singapore
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ruquan Ye
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Zhuangchai Lai
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guangfu Luo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Science and Material Design, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qiyuan He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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63
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Lu Z, Wang J, Cheng X, Xie W, Gao Z, Zhang X, Xu Y, Yi D, Yang Y, Wang X, Yao J. Riemannian Surface on Carbon Anodes Enables Li-Ion Storage at -35 °C. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2022; 8:905-914. [PMID: 35912350 PMCID: PMC9335919 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.2c00411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Since sluggish Li+ desolvation leads to severe capacity degradation of carbon anodes at subzero temperatures, it is urgently desired to modulate electron configurations of surface carbon atoms toward high capacity for Li-ion batteries. Herein, a carbon-based anode material (O-DF) was strategically synthesized to construct the Riemannian surface with a positive curvature, which exhibits a high reversible capacity of 624 mAh g-1 with an 85.9% capacity retention at 0.1 A g-1 as the temperature drops to -20 °C. Even if the temperature drops to -35 °C, the reversible capacity is still effectively retained at 160 mAh g-1 after 200 cycles. Various characterizations and theoretical calculations reveal that the Riemannian surface effectively tunes the low-temperature sluggish Li+ desolvation of the interfacial chemistry via locally accumulated charges of non-coplanar sp x (2 < x < 3) hybridized orbitals to reduce the rate-determining step of the energy barrier for the charge-transfer process. Ex-situ measurements further confirm that the sp x -hybridized orbitals of the pentagonal defect sites should denote more negative charges to solvated Li+ adsorbed on the Riemannian surface to form stronger Li-C coordinate bonds for Li+ desolvation, which not only enhances Li-adsorption on the curved surface but also results in more Li+ insertion in an extremely cold environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongjing Lu
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Molecular Plus
and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
(Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jingnan Wang
- Molecular
Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xuechun Cheng
- Molecular
Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Weiwei Xie
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute
of Technology, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
| | - Zhiyi Gao
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Molecular Plus
and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
(Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xuejing Zhang
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Molecular Plus
and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
(Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Innovation
Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian
Province (IKKEM), Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Ding Yi
- Department of Physics, School of Physical Science and Engineering and Department of Physics,
School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yijun Yang
- Department of Physics, School of Physical Science and Engineering and Department of Physics,
School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Physics, School of Physical Science and Engineering and Department of Physics,
School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
- E-mail:
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular
Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- E-mail:
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64
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Yan P, Zhou Y, Zhang B, Xu Q. CO2 entropy depletion‐induced 2D amorphous structure in non‐van der Waals VO2. Chemphyschem 2022; 23:e202200342. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Yan
- Zhengzhou University College of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou CHINA
| | - Yannan Zhou
- Zhengzhou University College of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou CHINA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Zhengzhou University College of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou CHINA
| | - Qun Xu
- Zhengzhou University College of Materials Science and Engineering NO. 75University Road 450052 Zhengzhou CHINA
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65
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Optimal acceleration voltage for near-atomic resolution imaging of layer-stacked 2D polymer thin films. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3948. [PMID: 35803950 PMCID: PMC9270374 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31688-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite superb instrumental resolution in modern transmission electron microscopes (TEM), high-resolution imaging of organic two-dimensional (2D) materials is a formidable task. Here, we present that the appropriate selection of the incident electron energy plays a crucial role in reducing the gap between achievable resolution in the image and the instrumental limit. Among a broad range of electron acceleration voltages (300 kV, 200 kV, 120 kV, and 80 kV) tested, we found that the highest resolution in the HRTEM image is achieved at 120 kV, which is 1.9 Å. In two imine-based 2D polymer thin films, unexpected molecular interstitial defects were unraveled. Their structural nature is identified with the aid of quantum mechanical calculations. Furthermore, the increased image resolution and enhanced image contrast at 120 kV enabled the detection of functional groups at the pore interfaces. The experimental setup has also been employed for an amorphous organic 2D material. High-resolution imaging of organic 2D materials using transmission electron microscopes is challenging. Here, the authors find the optimal electron acceleration voltage, and demonstrate 1.9 Å resolution, enabling detection of interstitial defects and functional groups in 2D polymer thin films.
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66
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A DFT study of the electronic, optical, and mechanical properties of a recently synthesized monolayer fullerene network. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.139925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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67
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Ma T, Yao B, Zheng Z, Liu Z, Ma W, Chen M, Chen H, Deng S, Xu N, Bao Q, Sun DM, Cheng HM, Ren W. Engineering Graphene Grain Boundaries for Plasmonic Multi-Excitation and Hotspots. ACS NANO 2022; 16:9041-9048. [PMID: 35696451 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Surface plasmons, merging photonics and electronics in nanoscale dimensions, have been the cornerstones in integrated informatics, precision detection, high-resolution imaging, and energy conversion. Arising from the exceptional Fermi-Dirac tunability, ultrafast carrier mobility, and high-field confinement, graphene offers excellent advantages for plasmon technologies and enables a variety of state-of-the-art optoelectronic applications ranging from tight-field-enhanced light sources, modulators, and photodetectors to biochemical sensors. However, it is challenging to co-excite multiple graphene plasmons on one single graphene sheet with high density, a key step toward plasmonic wavelength-division multiplexing and next-generation dynamical optoelectronics. Here, we report the heteroepitaxial growth of a polycrystalline graphene monolayer with patterned gradient grain boundary density, which is synthesized by creating diverse nanosized local growth environments on a centimeter-scale substrate with a polycrystalline graphene ring seed in chemical vapor deposition. Such geometry enables plasmonic co-excitation with varied wavelength diversification in the nanoscale. Via using high-resolution scanning near-field optical microscopy, we demonstrate rich plasmon standing waves, even bright plasmonic hotspots with a size up to 3 μm. Moreover, by changing the grain boundary density and annealing, we find the local plasmonic wavelengths are widely tunable, from 70 to 300 nm. Theoretical modeling supports that such plasmonic versatility is due to the grain boundary-induced plasmon-phonon interactions through random phase approximation. The seed-induced heteroepitaxial growth provides a promising way for the grain boundary engineering of two-dimensional materials, and the controllable grain boundary-based plasmon co-generation and manipulation in one single graphene monolayer will facilitate the applications of graphene for plasmonics and nanophotonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Ma
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Baicheng Yao
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Education Ministry of China), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, People's Republic of China
| | - Zebo Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhibo Liu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Ma
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Maolin Chen
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaozhi Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningsheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaoliang Bao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Dong-Ming Sun
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Ming Cheng
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Wencai Ren
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
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68
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Thapa R, Ugwumadu C, Nepal K, Trembly J, Drabold DA. Ab Initio Simulation of Amorphous Graphite. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:236402. [PMID: 35749197 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.236402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
An amorphous graphite material has been predicted from molecular dynamics simulation using ab initio methods. Carbon materials reveal a strong proclivity to convert into a sp^{2} network and then layer at temperatures near 3000 K within a density range of ca. 2.2-2.8 g/cm^{3}. Each layer of amorphous graphite is a monolayer of amorphous graphene including pentagons and heptagons in addition to hexagons, and the planes are separated by about 3.1 Å. The layering transition has been studied using various structural and dynamical analyses. The transition is unique as one of partial ordering (long range order of planes and galleries, but topological disorder in the planes). The planes are quite flat, even though monolayer amorphous graphene puckers near pentagonal sites. Interplane cohesion is due partly to non-Van der Waals interactions. The structural disorder has been studied closely, especially the consequences of disorder to electronic transport. It is expected that the transition elucidated here may be salient to other layered materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Thapa
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute (NQPI), Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - C Ugwumadu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute (NQPI), Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - K Nepal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute (NQPI), Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - J Trembly
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Sustainable Energy and the Environment, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - D A Drabold
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
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69
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Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) carbon materials, such as graphene, have attracted particular attention owing to the exceptional carrier transport characteristics that arise from the unique π-electron system in their conjugated carbon network structure1-4. To complement zero-bandgap graphene, material scientists have devoted considerable effort to identifying 2D carbon materials5-8. However, it is a challenge to prepare large-sized single-crystal 2D carbon materials with moderate bandgaps5,9. Here we prepare a single-crystal 2D carbon material, namely monolayer quasi-hexagonal-phase fullerene (C60), with a large size via an interlayer bonding cleavage strategy. In this monolayer polymeric C60, cluster cages of C60 are covalently bonded with each other in a plane, forming a regular topology that is distinct from that in conventional 2D materials. Monolayer polymeric C60 exhibits high crystallinity and good thermodynamic stability, and the electronic band structure measurement reveals a transport bandgap of about 1.6 electronvolts. Furthermore, an asymmetric lattice structure endows monolayer polymeric C60 with notable in-plane anisotropic properties, including anisotropic phonon modes and conductivity. This 2D carbon material with a moderate bandgap and unique topological structure offers an interesting platform for potential application in 2D electronic devices.
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70
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Fullerene Rosette: Two-Dimensional Interactive Nanoarchitectonics and Selective Vapor Sensing. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105454. [PMID: 35628264 PMCID: PMC9141234 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The simplicity of fullerenes as assembled components provides attractive opportunities for basic understanding in self-assembly research. We applied in situ reactive methods to the self-assembly process of C60 molecules with melamine/ethylenediamine components in solution, resulting in a novel type of fullerene assemblies, micron-sized two-dimensional, amorphous shape-regular objects, fullerene rosettes. ATR−FTIR spectra, XPS, and TGA results suggest that the melamine/ethylenediamine components strongly interact and/or are covalently linked with fullerenes in the fullerene rosettes. The broad peak for layer spacing in the XRD patterns of the fullerene rosettes corresponds roughly to the interdigitated fullerene bilayer or monolayer of modified fullerene molecules. The fullerene rosettes are made from the accumulation of bilayer/monolayer assemblies of hybridized fullerenes in low crystallinity. Prototype sensor systems were fabricated upon immobilization of the fullerene rosettes onto surfaces of a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), and selective sensing of formic acid was demonstrated as preliminary results for social-demanded toxic material sensing. The QCM sensor with fullerene rosette is categorized as one of the large-response sensors among reported examples. In selectivity to formic acids against basic guests (formic acid/pyridine >30) or aromatic guests (formic acid/toluene >110), the fullerene rosette-based QCM sensor also showed superior performance.
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71
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Kang YH, Lee S, Choi Y, Seong WK, Han KH, Kim JH, Kim HM, Hong S, Lee SH, Ruoff RS, Kim KB, Kim SO. Large-Area Uniform 1-nm-Level Amorphous Carbon Layers from 3D Conformal Polymer Brushes. A "Next-Generation" Cu Diffusion Barrier? ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2110454. [PMID: 35085406 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202110454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A reliable method for preparing a conformal amorphous carbon (a-C) layer with a thickness of 1-nm-level, is tested as a possible Cu diffusion barrier layer for next-generation ultrahigh-density semiconductor device miniaturization. A polystyrene brush of uniform thickness is grafted onto 4-inch SiO2 /Si wafer substrates with "self-limiting" chemistry favoring such a uniform layer. UV crosslinking and subsequent carbonization transforms this polymer film into an ultrathin a-C layer without pinholes or hillocks. The uniform coating of nonplanar regions or surfaces is also possible. The Cu diffusion "blocking ability" is evaluated by time-dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) tests using a metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) capacitor structure. A 0.82 nm-thick a-C barrier gives TDDB lifetimes 3.3× longer than that obtained using the conventional 1.0 nm-thick TaNx diffusion barrier. In addition, this exceptionally uniform ultrathin polymer and a-C film layers hold promise for selective ion permeable membranes, electrically and thermally insulating films in electronics, slits of angstrom-scale thickness, and, when appropriately functionalized, as a robust ultrathin coating with many other potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ho Kang
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advance Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Sangbong Lee
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Youngwoo Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advance Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Won Kyung Seong
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Korea
| | - Kyu Hyo Han
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advance Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Jang Hwan Kim
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advance Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Hyun-Mi Kim
- Korea Electronics Technology Institute (KETI), Gyeonggi, 13509, Korea
| | - Seungbum Hong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advance Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Sun Hwa Lee
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Korea
| | - Rodney S Ruoff
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Korea
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Korea
| | - Ki-Bum Kim
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Sang Ouk Kim
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advance Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
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72
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Amorphizing noble metal chalcogenide catalysts at the single-layer limit towards hydrogen production. Nat Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-022-00753-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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73
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Sun H, Li X, Jin K, Lai X, Du J. Highly porous nitrogen-doped carbon superstructures derived from the intramolecular cyclization-induced crystallization-driven self-assembly of poly(amic acid). NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:1422-1430. [PMID: 36133680 PMCID: PMC9418133 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00853f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hierarchically porous carbon nanomaterials have shown significant potential in electrochemical energy storage due to the promoted charge and mass transfer. Herein, a facile template-free method is proposed to prepare nitrogen-doped carbon superstructures (N-CSs) with multi-level pores by pyrolysis of polymeric precursors derived from the intramolecular cyclization-induced crystallization-driven self-assembly (ICI-CDSA) of poly(amic acid) (PAA). The excellent thermal stability of PAA enables the N-CSs to inherit the hierarchical structure of the precursors during pyrolysis, which facilitates the formation of meso- and macropores while the decomposition of the precursors promotes the creation of micropores. Electrochemical tests demonstrate the ultrahigh surface-area-normalized capacitance (76.5 μF cm-2) of the N-CSs facilitated by the hierarchically porous structure, promoting the charge and mass transfer, as well as the high utilization of pyridinic and pyrrolic nitrogen (12.9%) to provide significant pseudocapacitance contribution up to 40.6%. Considering the diversity of monomers of PAA, this ICI-CDSA strategy could be extended to prepare carbon nanomaterials with various morphologies, pore structures and chemical compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University Yinchuan 750021 China
| | - Xiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University Yinchuan 750021 China
| | - Kai Jin
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University Yinchuan 750021 China
| | - Xiaoyong Lai
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University Yinchuan 750021 China
| | - Jianzhong Du
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University Shanghai 201804 China
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74
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Pereira ML, da Cunha WF, de Sousa RT, Amvame Nze GD, Galvão DS, Ribeiro LA. On the mechanical properties and fracture patterns of the nonbenzenoid carbon allotrope (biphenylene network): a reactive molecular dynamics study. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:3200-3211. [PMID: 35147148 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr07959j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Recently, a new two-dimensional carbon allotrope named biphenylene network (BPN) was experimentally realized. The BPN structure consists of four-, six-, and eight-membered rings of sp2-hybridized carbon atoms. In this work, we carried out fully-atomistic reactive (ReaxFF) molecular dynamics simulations to study the mechanical properties and fracture patterns of non-defective and defective (nanocracks) BPN. Results show that, under uniaxial tensile loading, BPN is converted into four distinct morphologies before fracture starts. This conversion process is dependent on the stretching direction. Some of the formed structures contain mainly eight-membered rings, which have different shapes in each morphology. In one of them, a graphitization process occurs before the complete fracture. Importantly, in the presence of nanocracks, no new morphologies are formed. BPN exhibits a distinct fracture process when contrasted to graphene. After the critical strain threshold, the graphene transitions from an elastic to a brittle regime, while BPN can exhibit different inelastic stages. These stages are associated with the appearance of new morphologies. However, BPN shares some of the exceptional graphene properties. BPN Young's modulus and melting point are comparable to graphene, about 1019.4 GPa and 4024 K, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Pereira
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Brasília 70919-970, Brazil
| | - W F da Cunha
- Institute of Physics, University of Brasília, 70910-900, Brasília, Brazil.
| | - R T de Sousa
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Brasília 70919-970, Brazil
| | - G D Amvame Nze
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Brasília 70919-970, Brazil
| | - D S Galvão
- Applied Physics Department, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Center for Computing in Engineering and Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L A Ribeiro
- Institute of Physics, University of Brasília, 70910-900, Brasília, Brazil.
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75
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Ghosh T, Kandpal S, Rani C, Pathak DK, Tanwar M, Jakhmola S, Jha HC, Maximov MY, Chaudhary A, Kumar R. Synthesizing Luminescent Carbon from Condensed Tobacco Smoke: Bio-Waste for Possible Bioimaging. CAN J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2021-0339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Used cigarette filters, a waste material and a major source of land pollution, has been used as a raw material to study the nature of condensed tobacco smoke (tar) using microscopy, optical, IR, photoluminescence and Raman spectroscopy as well as X-ray diffraction and electron & fluorescence microscopy. The tar present in the cigarette filter bud has been used to synthesize luminescent low dimensional carbon using a simple methanol extraction technique. The collected material shows light blue emission under UV excitation with emission peak energy depending strongly on the excitation wavelength. Such excitation energy dependent emission is observed from the extract solution as well as dried film. Careful analysis has been carried out to understand its origin which reveals the presence of giant red-edge effect in the samples. A correlation between room temperature photoluminescence spectroscopy and fluorescence microscopy has also been carried out. Presence of amorphous phase carbon has been established using Raman spectroscopy and a quantum yield of more than 9% has been estimated which is moderately high in comparison with the one shown by carbon dots prepared by using other sources and can be used for bioimaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Devesh K. Pathak
- Indian Institute of Technology, 28692, Department of Physics, Indore, India, 452020
- University of Seoul, 35010, Department of chemical engineering , 2nd Engineering Building, 403, Dongdaemun-gu, Korea (the Republic of), 02504
| | - Manushree Tanwar
- Indian Institute of Technology, 28692, Department of Physics, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India, 453552,
| | - S Jakhmola
- IIT Indore, 226957, BSBE, Indore, MP, India
| | - Hem C. Jha
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore, 226957, Department of Biosciences & Biomedical Engineering, Simrol-453552, Indore, India, 452017
| | - Maxim Yu. Maximov
- Peter the Great Saint-Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Anjali Chaudhary
- University of Wisconsin College Courses Online, 5229, Madison, United States
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- IIT Indore, 226957, Physics, POD 1A-211, Khandwa Road, Simrol, Indore, MP, India, 453552
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76
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Wang C, Cheng T, Liu Z, Liu F, Huang H. Structural Amorphization-Induced Topological Order. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:056401. [PMID: 35179916 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.056401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Electronic properties of crystals are inherently pertained to crystalline symmetry, so that amorphization that lowers and breaks symmetry is detrimental. One important crystalline property is electron band topology which is known to be weakened and destroyed by structural disorder. Here, we report a counterintuitive theoretical discovery that atomic structural disorder by amorphization can in fact induce electronic order of topology in an otherwise topologically trivial crystal. The resulting nontrivial topology is characterized by a nonzero spin Bott index, associated with robust topological edge states and quantized conductance. The underlying topological phase transition (TPT) from a trivial crystal to a topological amorphous is analyzed by mapping out a phase diagram in the degree of structural disorder using an effective medium theory. The atomic disorder is revealed to induce topological order by renormalizing the spectral gap toward nontriviality near the phase boundary. As a concrete example, we further show such TPT in amorphous stanane by first-principles calculations. Our findings point to possible observation of an electronic ordering transition accompanied by a structural disorder transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Citian Wang
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ting Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhirong Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Huaqing Huang
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
- Center for High Energy Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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77
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Garzón-Ramírez AJ, Gastellu N, Simine L. Optoelectronic Current through Unbiased Monolayer Amorphous Carbon Nanojunctions. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:1057-1062. [PMID: 35077187 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Monolayer amorphous carbon (MAC) is a recently synthesized disordered 2D carbon material. An ensemble of MAC nanofragments contains diverse manifestations of lattice disorder, and because of disorder the key unifying characteristic of this ensemble is poor electronic conductance. Curiously, our computational analysis of the electronic properties of MAC nanofragments revealed an additional commonality: a robust presence of charge-transfer character for electronic transitions from the occupied to virtual orbitals. This charge-transfer property suggests possible applications in optoelectronics. In this Letter, we demonstrate computationally that a laser pulse induces directional electronic currents in unbiased MAC nanojunctions and discuss the effects of pulse intensity on the magnitude of electron transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicolas Gastellu
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Lena Simine
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
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78
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Chen C, Song K, Wang X, Du K. Phase Transition to Heptagonal-Cluster-Packed Structure of Gold Nanoribbons. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:1158-1163. [PMID: 35025495 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Transforming periodic crystals into packing of atomic clusters is attracting enormous interest for both fundamental research and potential application, but it still remains a big challenge for noble metals. Here, we have observed gold nanoribbons packed with heptagonal clusters, where every two or three constituent clusters connect edge-to-edge with their neighbors. This is the first reported metallic structure packed from building blocks with heptagonal symmetry. The cluster-packed nanoribbons transited from two-dimensional hexagonal structure under tensile condition and a reverse transition occurred by compression, resolved by in situ observation. The cluster-packed structure was stabilized by the s-d orbital hybridization. Theoretical calculations demonstrate that the conductance of the ribbons undergoes a quantized change from 6 to 4 G0 (G0 = 2e2/h) during the phase transition and backward for the reverse transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunjin Chen
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Kepeng Song
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xuelu Wang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Kui Du
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
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79
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Gastellu N, Kilgour M, Simine L. Electronic Conduction through Monolayer Amorphous Carbon Nanojunctions. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:339-344. [PMID: 35021673 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In molecular electronic conduction, exotic lattice morphologies often give rise to exotic behaviors. Among 2D systems, graphene is a notable example. Recently, a stable amorphous version of graphene called monolayer amorphous carbon (MAC) was synthesized. MAC poses a new set of questions regarding the effects of disorder on conduction. In this Letter, we perform an ensemble-level computational analysis of the coherent electronic transmission through MAC nanofragments in search of defining characteristics. Our analysis, relying on a semiempirical Hamiltonian (Pariser-Parr-Pople) and Landauer theory, showed that states near the Fermi energy (EF) in MAC inherit partial characteristics of analogous surface states in graphene nanofragments. Away from EF, current is carried by a set of delocalized states that transition into a subset of insulating interior states at the extreme portions of MAC's energy spectrum. Finally, we also found that quantum interference between frontier orbitals is a common feature among MAC nanofragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Gastellu
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Michael Kilgour
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Lena Simine
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
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80
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Activity origin of boron doped carbon cluster for thermal catalytic oxidation: Coupling effects of dopants and edges. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 613:47-56. [PMID: 35032776 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic oxidation plays important roles in energy conversion and environment protection. Boron-doped crystalline carbocatalyst has been demonstrated effective; however, the application potential of boron-doped amorphous carbocatalyst remains to be explored. For amorphous carbon material, finite-sized carbon clusters are the basic structural units, which exhibit unique activity due to edge and size effect. Herein, using sulfur dioxide (SO2) and carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation as probe thermal-catalysis reactions, we found the distribution and reactivity of active sites in boron-doped carbon clusters are simultaneously determined by dopants and edges. According to comparisons of oxygen (O2) chemisorption energy at different sites of symmetric and non-symmetric carbon cluster, the most active site is found to be the edge carbon atom with high electron donation ability, which can be accurately identified by electrophilic Fukui function. More importantly, the reactivity of boron-doped cluster is simultaneously influenced by doping configuration and the type of edge, based on which -O-B-O- configuration embedded into K-region edge (isolated carbon-carbon double bonds that do not belong to Clar sextet) is predicted to exhibit the highest reactivity among various boron doping configurations. This work clarifies unique activity origin of heteroatom-doped amorphous carbon materials, providing new insights into designing high-performance carbocatalysts.
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81
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Mironenko RM, Likholobov VA, Belskaya OB. Nanoglobular carbon and palladium - carbon catalysts for liquid-phase hydrogenation of organic compounds. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr5017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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82
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Yadav RM, Li Z, Zhang T, Sahin O, Roy S, Gao G, Guo H, Vajtai R, Wang L, Ajayan PM, Wu J. Amine-Functionalized Carbon Nanodot Electrocatalysts Converting Carbon Dioxide to Methane. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2105690. [PMID: 34632637 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202105690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) to methane (CH4 ), which can be used not only as fuel but also as a hydrogen carrier, has drawn great attention for use in supporting carbon capture and utilization. The design of active and selective electrocatalysts with exceptional CO2 -to-CH4 conversion efficiency is highly desirable; however, it remains a challenge. Here a molecular tuning strategy-in situ amine functionalization of nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (GQDs) for highly efficient CO2 -to-CH4 conversion is presented. Amine functionalized nitrogen-doped GQDs achieve a CH4 Faradic efficiency (FE) of 63% and 46%, respectively, at CH4 partial current densities of 170 and 258 mA cm-2 , approximating to or even outperforming state-of-the-art Cu-based electrocatalysts. These GQDs also convert CO2 to C2 products mainly including C2 H4 and C2 H5 OH with a maximum FE of ≈10%. A systematic analysis reveals that the CH4 yield varies linearly with amine group content, whereas the C2 production rate is positively dependent on pyridinic N dopant content. This work provides insight into the rational design of carbon catalysts with CO2 -to-CH4 conversion efficiency at the industrially relevant level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Manohar Yadav
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Department of Physics, VSSD College, CSJM University, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208002, India
| | - Zhengyuan Li
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA
| | - Onur Sahin
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Soumyabrata Roy
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Guanhui Gao
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Huazhang Guo
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Jingjie Wu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA
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83
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Han X, Wu G, Du J, Pi J, Yan M, Hong X. Metal and metal oxide amorphous nanomaterials towards electrochemical applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 58:223-237. [PMID: 34878467 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04141j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Amorphous nanomaterials have aroused extensive interest due to their unique properties. Their performance is highly related with their distinct atomic arrangements, which have no long-range order but possess short- to medium-range order. Herein, an overview of state-of-the-art synthesis methods of amorphous nanomaterials, structural characteristics and their electrochemical properties is presented. Advanced characterization methods for analyzing and proving the local order of amorphous structures, such as X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, atomic electron tomography and nanobeam electron diffraction, are introduced. Various synthesis strategies for amorphous nanomaterials are covered, especially the salt-assisted metal organic decomposition method to prepare ultrathin amorphous nanosheets. Furthermore, the design and structure-activity relationship of amorphous nanomaterials towards electrochemical applications, including electrocatalysts and battery anode/cathode materials, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Han
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN), Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Geng Wu
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN), Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Junyi Du
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN), Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Jinglin Pi
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN), Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Muyu Yan
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN), Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Xun Hong
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN), Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
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84
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Liu J, Hao R, Jia B, Zhao H, Guo L. Manipulation on Two-Dimensional Amorphous Nanomaterials for Enhanced Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:3246. [PMID: 34947594 PMCID: PMC8705007 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Low-carbon society is calling for advanced electrochemical energy storage and conversion systems and techniques, in which functional electrode materials are a core factor. As a new member of the material family, two-dimensional amorphous nanomaterials (2D ANMs) are booming gradually and show promising application prospects in electrochemical fields for extended specific surface area, abundant active sites, tunable electron states, and faster ion transport capacity. Specifically, their flexible structures provide significant adjustment room that allows readily and desirable modification. Recent advances have witnessed omnifarious manipulation means on 2D ANMs for enhanced electrochemical performance. Here, this review is devoted to collecting and summarizing the manipulation strategies of 2D ANMs in terms of component interaction and geometric configuration design, expecting to promote the controllable development of such a new class of nanomaterial. Our view covers the 2D ANMs applied in electrochemical fields, including battery, supercapacitor, and electrocatalysis, meanwhile we also clarify the relationship between manipulation manner and beneficial effect on electrochemical properties. Finally, we conclude the review with our personal insights and provide an outlook for more effective manipulation ways on functional and practical 2D ANMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juzhe Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (J.L.); (R.H.); (B.J.)
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Rui Hao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (J.L.); (R.H.); (B.J.)
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Binbin Jia
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (J.L.); (R.H.); (B.J.)
| | - Hewei Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (J.L.); (R.H.); (B.J.)
| | - Lin Guo
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (J.L.); (R.H.); (B.J.)
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85
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Kidambi PR, Chaturvedi P, Moehring NK. Subatomic species transport through atomically thin membranes: Present and future applications. Science 2021; 374:eabd7687. [PMID: 34735245 DOI: 10.1126/science.abd7687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Piran R Kidambi
- Department of Chemical and Bimolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Sciences and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Material Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Pavan Chaturvedi
- Department of Chemical and Bimolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nicole K Moehring
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Sciences and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Material Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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86
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Thiemann FL, Rowe P, Zen A, Müller EA, Michaelides A. Defect-Dependent Corrugation in Graphene. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:8143-8150. [PMID: 34519502 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Graphene's intrinsically corrugated and wrinkled topology fundamentally influences its electronic, mechanical, and chemical properties. Experimental techniques allow the manipulation of pristine graphene and the controlled production of defects which allows one to control the atomic out-of-plane fluctuations and thus tune graphene's properties. Here, we perform large scale machine learning-driven molecular dynamics simulations to understand the impact of defects on the structure of graphene. We find that defects cause significantly higher corrugation leading to a strongly wrinkled surface. The magnitude of this structural transformation strongly depends on the defect concentration and specific type of defect. Analyzing the atomic neighborhood of the defects reveals that the extent of these morphological changes depends on the preferred geometrical orientation and the interactions between defects. While our work highlights that defects can strongly affect graphene's morphology, it also emphasizes the differences between distinct types by linking the global structure to the local environment of the defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian L Thiemann
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- Thomas Young Centre and London Centre for Nanotechnology, 17-19 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AH, United Kingdom
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Rowe
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- Thomas Young Centre and London Centre for Nanotechnology, 17-19 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AH, United Kingdom
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Zen
- Thomas Young Centre and London Centre for Nanotechnology, 17-19 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AH, United Kingdom
- Dipartimento di Fisica Ettore Pancini, Università di Napoli Federico II, Monte S. Angelo, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
- Department of Earth Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Erich A Müller
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Angelos Michaelides
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- Thomas Young Centre and London Centre for Nanotechnology, 17-19 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AH, United Kingdom
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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87
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Zhu Y, Wang Y, Wu B, He Z, Xia J, Wu H. Micromechanical Landscape of Three-Dimensional Disordered Graphene Networks. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:8401-8408. [PMID: 34591476 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Disordered carbons can be considered under the modeling framework of disordered graphene networks (DGNs) due to the continuous three-dimensional connectivity and high graphitization. Correlating microstructures and mechanical behaviors of DGNs to their topology is pivotal to revealing more intrinsic features hidden by disorder. Herein, starting from basic deformations and topology, we investigate DGNs with various densities to explore their micromechanical landscape. Both the tension and shear of DGNs exhibit prolonged plastic platforms through local tearing of microstructures. However, compression displays special plastic damages of forming kinklike puckers and sp3-bonded carbon, resulting in a tension-compression asymmetry of DGNs. Out-of-plane topological defects contribute to the main negative-curvature topology in deformed DGNs. Moreover, there are novel scaling laws where both the Young's modulus and strength (logarithms) follow an inversely proportional scaling with respect to average angular defects. Ashby charts demonstrate that the mechanical properties of DGNs can reach the theoretical limit region, surpassing those of most conventional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- YinBo Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, CAS Center for Excellence in Complex System Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, People's Republic of China
| | - YongChao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, CAS Center for Excellence in Complex System Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, CAS Center for Excellence in Complex System Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, People's Republic of China
| | - ZeZhou He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, CAS Center for Excellence in Complex System Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Xia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, CAS Center for Excellence in Complex System Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, People's Republic of China
| | - HengAn Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, CAS Center for Excellence in Complex System Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, People's Republic of China
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88
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Ding Y, Zeng M, Zheng Q, Zhang J, Xu D, Chen W, Wang C, Chen S, Xie Y, Ding Y, Zheng S, Zhao J, Gao P, Fu L. Bidirectional and reversible tuning of the interlayer spacing of two-dimensional materials. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5886. [PMID: 34620848 PMCID: PMC8497624 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26139-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Interlayer spacing is expected to influence the properties of multilayer two-dimensional (2D) materials. However, the ability to non-destructively regulate the interlayer spacing bidirectionally and reversibly is challenging. Here we report the preparation of 2D materials with tunable interlayer spacing by introducing active sites (Ce ions) in 2D materials to capture and immobilize Pt single atoms. The strong chemical interaction between active sites and Pt atoms contributes to the intercalation behavior of Pt atoms in the interlayer of 2D materials and further promotes the formation of chemical bonding between Pt atom and host materials. Taking cerium-embedded molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) as an example, intercalation of Pt atoms enables interlayer distance tuning via an electrochemical protocol, leading to interlayer spacing reversible and linear compression and expansion from 6.546 ± 0.039 Å to 5.792 ± 0.038 Å (~11 %). The electronic property evolution with the interlayer spacing variation is demonstrated by the photoluminescence (PL) spectra, delivering that the well-defined barrier between the multilayer and monolayer layered materials can be artificially designed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Ding
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Mengqi Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Qijing Zheng
- Department of Physics, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Jiaqian Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Ding Xu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Weiyin Chen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Chenyang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Shulin Chen
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yingying Xie
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yu Ding
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Shuting Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department of Physics, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Lei Fu
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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89
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Lan S, Zhu L, Wu Z, Gu L, Zhang Q, Kong H, Liu J, Song R, Liu S, Sha G, Wang Y, Liu Q, Liu W, Wang P, Liu CT, Ren Y, Wang XL. A medium-range structure motif linking amorphous and crystalline states. NATURE MATERIALS 2021; 20:1347-1352. [PMID: 34017117 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-021-01011-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Amorphous materials have no long-range order, but there are ordered structures at short range (2-5 Å), medium range (5-20 Å) and even longer length scales1-5. While regular6,7 and semiregular polyhedra8-10 are often found as short-range ordering in amorphous materials, the nature of medium-range order has remained elusive11-14. Consequently, it is difficult to determine whether there exists any structural link at medium range or longer length scales between the amorphous material and its crystalline counterparts. Moreover, an amorphous material often crystallizes into a phase of different composition15, with very different underlying structural building blocks, further compounding the issue. Here, we capture an intermediate crystalline cubic phase in a Pd-Ni-P amorphous alloy and reveal the structure of the medium-range order, a six-membered tricapped trigonal prism cluster (6M-TTP) with a length scale of 12.5 Å. We find that the 6M-TTP can pack periodically to several tens of nanometres to form the cube phase. Our experimental observations provide evidence of a structural link between the amorphous and crystalline phases in a Pd-Ni-P alloy at the medium-range length scale and suggest that it is the connectivity of the 6M-TTP clusters that distinguishes the crystalline and amorphous phases. These findings will shed light on the structure of amorphous materials at extended length scales beyond that of short-range order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Lan
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China.
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Li Zhu
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenduo Wu
- Center for Neutron Scattering and Applied Physics, City University of Hong Kong Dongguan Research Institute, Dongguan, China
| | - Lin Gu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huihui Kong
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Jizi Liu
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruoyu Song
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sinan Liu
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Gang Sha
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingang Wang
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Peiyi Wang
- SUSTech Cryo-EM Facility Center, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chain-Tsuan Liu
- Center for Advanced Structural Materials & Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yang Ren
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA.
| | - Xun-Li Wang
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
- Center for Neutron Scattering, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.
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90
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Aarva A, Sainio S, Deringer VL, Caro MA, Laurila T. X-ray Spectroscopy Fingerprints of Pristine and Functionalized Graphene. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:18234-18246. [PMID: 34476042 PMCID: PMC8404192 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c03238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we demonstrate how to identify and characterize the atomic structure of pristine and functionalized graphene materials from a combination of computational simulation of X-ray spectra, on the one hand, and computer-aided interpretation of experimental spectra, on the other. Despite the enormous scientific and industrial interest, the precise structure of these 2D materials remains under debate. As we show in this study, a wide range of model structures from pristine to heavily oxidized graphene can be studied and understood with the same approach. We move systematically from pristine to highly oxidized and defective computational models, and we compare the simulation results with experimental data. Comparison with experiments is valuable also the other way around; this method allows us to verify that the simulated models are close to the real samples, which in turn makes simulated structures amenable to several computational experiments. Our results provide ab initio semiquantitative information and a new platform for extended insight into the structure and chemical composition of graphene-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Aarva
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Automation, School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Sami Sainio
- Stanford
Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC
National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
- Microelectronics
Research Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, P.O.
Box. 4500, 90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Volker L. Deringer
- Department
of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K.
| | - Miguel A. Caro
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Automation, School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Tomi Laurila
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Automation, School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto
University, Kemistintie
1, 02150 Espoo, Finland
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91
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Chen W, Li JT, Wang Z, Algozeeb WA, Luong DX, Kittrell C, McHugh EA, Advincula PA, Wyss KM, Beckham JL, Stanford MG, Jiang B, Tour JM. Ultrafast and Controllable Phase Evolution by Flash Joule Heating. ACS NANO 2021; 15:11158-11167. [PMID: 34138536 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c03536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Flash Joule heating (FJH), an advanced material synthesis technique, has been used for the production of high-quality carbon materials. Direct current discharge through the precursors by large capacitors has successfully converted carbon-based starting materials into bulk quantities of turbostratic graphene by the FJH process. However, the formation of other carbon allotropes, such as nanodiamonds and concentric carbon materials, as well as the covalent functionalization of different carbon allotropes by the FJH process, remains challenging. Here, we report the solvent-free FJH synthesis of three different fluorinated carbon allotropes: fluorinated nanodiamonds, fluorinated turbostratic graphene, and fluorinated concentric carbon. This is done by millisecond flashing of organic fluorine compounds and fluoride precursors. Spectroscopic analysis confirms the modification of the electronic states and the existence of various short-range and long-range orders in the different fluorinated carbon allotropes. The flash-time-dependent relationship is further demonstrated to control the phase evolution and product compositions.
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92
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Jiang H, Xu J, Zhang Q, Yu Q, Shen L, Liu M, Sun Y, Cao C, Su D, Bai H, Meng S, Sun B, Gu L, Wang W. Direct observation of atomic-level fractal structure in a metallic glass membrane. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2021; 66:1312-1318. [PMID: 36654153 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2021.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Determination and conceptualization of atomic structures of metallic glasses or amorphous alloys remain a grand challenge. Structural models proposed for bulk metallic glasses are still controversial owing to experimental difficulties in directly imaging the atom positions in three-dimensional structures. With the advanced atomic-resolution imaging, here we directly observed the atomic arrangements in atomically thin metallic glassy membranes obtained by vapor deposition. The atomic packing in the amorphous membrane is shown to have a fractal characteristic, with the fractal dimension depending on the atomic density. Locally, the atomic configuration for the metallic glass membrane is composed of many types of polygons with the bonding angles concentrated on 45°-55°. The fractal atomic structure is consistent with the analysis by the percolation theory, and may account for the enhanced relaxation dynamics and the easiness of glass transition as reported for the thin metallic glassy films or glassy surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jiyu Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China; School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Qian Yu
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Center of Electron Microscopy and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Laiquan Shen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Yitao Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chengrong Cao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Dong Su
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Haiyang Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China; School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Sheng Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China; School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Baoan Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China; School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Lin Gu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China; School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Weihua Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China; School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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93
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Mélinon P. Vitreous Carbon, Geometry and Topology: A Hollistic Approach. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1694. [PMID: 34203303 PMCID: PMC8305563 DOI: 10.3390/nano11071694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Glass-like carbon (GLC) is a complex structure with astonishing properties: isotropic sp2 structure, low density and chemical robustness. Despite the expanded efforts to understand the structure, it remains little known. We review the different models and a physical route (pulsed laser deposition) based on a well controlled annealing of the native 2D/3D amorphous films. The many models all have compromises: neither all bad nor entirely satisfactory. Properties are understood in a single framework given by topological and geometrical properties. To do this, we present the basic tools of topology and geometry at a ground level for 2D surface, graphene being the best candidate to do this. With this in mind, special attention is paid to the hyperbolic geometry giving birth to triply periodic minimal surfaces. Such surfaces are the basic tools to understand the GLC network architecture. Using two theorems (the classification and the uniformisation), most of the GLC properties can be tackled at least at a heuristic level. All the properties presented can be extended to 2D materials. It is hoped that some researchers may find it useful for their experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice Mélinon
- Université de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France;
- Institut Lumière Matière, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CEDEX, F69622 Villeurbanne, France
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94
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Trentino A, Madsen J, Mittelberger A, Mangler C, Susi T, Mustonen K, Kotakoski J. Atomic-Level Structural Engineering of Graphene on a Mesoscopic Scale. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:5179-5185. [PMID: 34106715 PMCID: PMC8227467 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c01214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Structural engineering is the first step toward changing properties of materials. While this can be at relative ease done for bulk materials, for example, using ion irradiation, similar engineering of 2D materials and other low-dimensional structures remains a challenge. The difficulties range from the preparation of clean and uniform samples to the sensitivity of these structures to the overwhelming task of sample-wide characterization of the subjected modifications at the atomic scale. Here, we overcome these issues using a near ultrahigh vacuum system comprised of an aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope and setups for sample cleaning and manipulation, which are combined with automated atomic-resolution imaging of large sample areas and a convolutional neural network approach for image analysis. This allows us to create and fully characterize atomically clean free-standing graphene with a controlled defect distribution, thus providing the important first step toward atomically tailored two-dimensional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Trentino
- University
of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jacob Madsen
- University
of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Clemens Mangler
- University
of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Toma Susi
- University
of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Kimmo Mustonen
- University
of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jani Kotakoski
- University
of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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95
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Xie W, Wei Y. Roughening for Strengthening and Toughening in Monolayer Carbon Based Composites. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:4823-4829. [PMID: 34029077 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c01462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) aggregation of graphene is dramatically weak and brittle due primarily to the prevailing interlayer van der Waals interaction. In this report, motivated by the recent success in synthesis of monolayer amorphous carbon (MAC) sheets, we demonstrate that outstanding strength and large plastic-like strain can be achieved in layered 3D MAC composites. Both surface roughening and the ultracompliant nature of MACs count for the high strength and gradual failure in 3D MAC. Such properties are not seen when intact graphene or multiple stacked MACs are used as building blocks for 3D composites. This work demonstrates a counterintuitive mechanism that surface roughening due to initial defects and low rigidity may help to realize superb mechanical properties in 3D aggregation of monolayer carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Xie
- LNM, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujie Wei
- LNM, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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96
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Luo Y, Liu F, Song J, Luo Q, Yang Y, Mei C, Xu M, Liao B. Function-Oriented Graphene Quantum Dots Probe for Single Cell in situ Sorting of Active Microorganisms in Environmental Samples. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:659111. [PMID: 34113325 PMCID: PMC8186282 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.659111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional microorganisms play a vital role in removing environmental pollutants because of their diverse metabolic capability. Herein, a function-oriented fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based graphene quantum dots (GQDs-M) probe was developed for the specific identification and accurate sorting of azo-degrading functional bacteria in the original location of environmental samples for large-scale culturing. First, nitrogen-doped GQDs (GQDs-N) were synthesized using a bottom-up strategy. Then, a GQDs-M probe was synthesized based on bonding FRET-based GQDs-N to an azo dye, methyl red, and the quenched fluorescence was recovered upon cleavage of the azo bond. Bioimaging confirmed the specific recognition capability of GQDs-M upon incubation with the target bacteria or environmental samples. It is suggested that the estimation of environmental functional microbial populations based on bioimaging will be a new method for rapid preliminary assessment of environmental pollution levels. In combination with a visual single-cell sorter, the target bacteria in the environmental samples could be intuitively screened at the single-cell level in 17 bacterial strains, including the positive control Shewanella decolorationis S12, and were isolated from environmental samples. All of these showed an azo degradation function, indicating the high accuracy of the single-cell sorting strategy using the GQDs-M. Furthermore, among the bacteria isolated, two strains of Bacillus pacificus and Bacillus wiedmannii showed double and triple degradation efficiency for methyl red compared to the positive control (strain S12). This strategy will have good application prospects for finding new species or high-activity species of specific functional bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeshen Luo
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangdong, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianhua Song
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangdong, China
| | - Yonggang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangdong, China
| | - Chengfang Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangdong, China
| | - Meiying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangdong, China
| | - Bing Liao
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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97
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Pereira Junior ML, da Cunha WF, Galvão DS, Ribeiro Junior LA. A reactive molecular dynamics study on the mechanical properties of a recently synthesized amorphous carbon monolayer converted into a nanotube/nanoscroll. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:9089-9095. [PMID: 33625430 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06613c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Recently, laser-assisted chemical vapor deposition has been used to synthesize a free-standing, continuous, and stable monolayer amorphous carbon (MAC). MAC is a pure carbon structure composed of randomly distributed five, six, seven, and eight atom rings, which is different from that of disordered graphene. More recently, amorphous MAC-based nanotubes (a-CNT) and nanoscrolls (a-CNS) were proposed. In this work, we have investigated (through fully atomistic reactive molecular dynamics simulations) the mechanical properties and sublimation points of pristine and a-CNT and a-CNS. The results showed that a-CNT and a-CNS have distinct elastic properties and fracture patterns compared to those of their pristine analogs. Both a-CNT and a-CNS presented a non-elastic regime before their total rupture, whereas the CNT and CNS underwent a direct conversion to fractured forms after a critical strain threshold. The critical strain values for the fracture of the a-CNT and a-CNS are about 30% and 25%, respectively, and they are lower than those of the corresponding CNT and CNS cases. Although less resilient to tension, the amorphous tubular structures have similar thermal stability in relation to the pristine cases with sublimation points of 5500 K, 6300 K, 5100 K, and 5900 K for a-CNT, CNT, a-CNS, and CNS, respectively. An interesting result is that the nanostructure behavior is substantially different depending on whether it is a nanotube or a nanoscroll, thus indicating that the topology plays an important role in defining its elastic properties.
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98
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Saito Y, Hatayama S, Shuang Y, Fons P, Kolobov AV, Sutou Y. Dimensional transformation of chemical bonding during crystallization in a layered chalcogenide material. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4782. [PMID: 33686108 PMCID: PMC7940477 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80301-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) materials possess a crystal structure in which a covalently-bonded few atomic-layer motif forms a single unit with individual motifs being weakly bound to each other by vdW forces. Cr2Ge2Te6 is known as a 2D vdW ferromagnetic insulator as well as a potential phase change material for non-volatile memory applications. Here, we provide evidence for a dimensional transformation in the chemical bonding from a randomly bonded three-dimensional (3D) disordered amorphous phase to a 2D bonded vdW crystalline phase. A counterintuitive metastable "quasi-layered" state during crystallization that exhibits both "long-range order and short-range disorder" with respect to atomic alignment clearly distinguishes the system from conventional materials. This unusual behavior is thought to originate from the 2D nature of the crystalline phase. These observations provide insight into the crystallization mechanism of layered materials in general, and consequently, will be useful for the realization of 2D vdW material-based functional nanoelectronic device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Saito
- Device Technology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba Central 5, Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba, 305-8565, Japan.
| | - Shogo Hatayama
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aoba-yama, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yi Shuang
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aoba-yama, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Paul Fons
- Device Technology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba Central 5, Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba, 305-8565, Japan
- Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Alexander V Kolobov
- Device Technology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba Central 5, Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba, 305-8565, Japan
- Department of Physical Electronics, Faculty of Physics, Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, 48 Moika Embankment, St Petersburg, 191186, Russia
| | - Yuji Sutou
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aoba-yama, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan.
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99
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Antidormi A, Colombo L, Roche S. Emerging properties of non-crystalline phases of graphene and boron nitride based materials. NANO MATERIALS SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoms.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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100
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Zhang J, Zhang J, He F, Chen Y, Zhu J, Wang D, Mu S, Yang HY. Defect and Doping Co-Engineered Non-Metal Nanocarbon ORR Electrocatalyst. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2021; 13:65. [PMID: 34138232 PMCID: PMC8187682 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-020-00579-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Exploring low-cost and earth-abundant oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalyst is essential for fuel cells and metal-air batteries. Among them, non-metal nanocarbon with multiple advantages of low cost, abundance, high conductivity, good durability, and competitive activity has attracted intense interest in recent years. The enhanced ORR activities of the nanocarbons are normally thought to originate from heteroatom (e.g., N, B, P, or S) doping or various induced defects. However, in practice, carbon-based materials usually contain both dopants and defects. In this regard, in terms of the co-engineering of heteroatom doping and defect inducing, we present an overview of recent advances in developing non-metal carbon-based electrocatalysts for the ORR. The characteristics, ORR performance, and the related mechanism of these functionalized nanocarbons by heteroatom doping, defect inducing, and in particular their synergistic promotion effect are emphatically analyzed and discussed. Finally, the current issues and perspectives in developing carbon-based electrocatalysts from both of heteroatom doping and defect engineering are proposed. This review will be beneficial for the rational design and manufacturing of highly efficient carbon-based materials for electrocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore, 487372, Singapore
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng He
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Deli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shichun Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu Hydrogen Valley, Foshan, 528200, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui Ying Yang
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore, 487372, Singapore.
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