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Eitle D, Eitle TM. Obesity, Overweightness, and Depressive Symptomology Among American Indian Youth. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2018; 5:1305-1314. [PMID: 29524181 PMCID: PMC6129431 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-018-0479-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Despite evidence that American Indian adolescents are at a heightened risk of obesity/overweightness and experiencing depression, relative to other groups, there exists a dearth of studies that have examined the association between objective and perceptual measures of obesity and overweightness and depression with this understudied group. Our study represents one of the first studies to examine this association among American Indian youth. METHODS Using a subsample of American Indian youth from waves I and II of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (a survey of schools and students in the USA, with wave I collected in 1994 and wave II collected in 1995), we explore this association. We examine three measures of weight: obesity, body mass index, and weight perception. We also consider gender-specific models and a subsample of non-Hispanic whites, in order to assess race differences in the obesity and overweightness-depression relationship. RESULTS Our findings reveal that neither of our objective measures of weight, obesity, nor body mass index are significant predictors of depressive symptoms for either American Indian or white youth. However, we find evidence that the subjective measure of weight perception is a significant predictor of depressive symptoms for white females, but not for American Indian females. CONCLUSIONS Our results contribute to past findings that measures of obesity/overweightness weight may be more important to white female's mental health than females from other racial groups, although additional research is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Eitle
- Montana State University Bozeman, Bozeman, MT, USA.
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52
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Caceres BA, Makarem N, Hickey KT, Hughes TL. Cardiovascular Disease Disparities in Sexual Minority Adults: An Examination of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (2014-2016). Am J Health Promot 2018; 33:576-585. [PMID: 30392384 DOI: 10.1177/0890117118810246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Investigate sexual orientation differences in cardiovascular disease risk and cardiovascular disease. DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING The 2014 to 2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. PARTICIPANTS A total of 395 154 participants. MEASURES The exposure measure was sexual orientation. Self-report of cardiovascular disease risk factors and cardiovascular disease was assessed. ANALYSIS Sex-stratified logistic regression analyses to examine sexual orientation differences in cardiovascular disease risk and cardiovascular disease (heterosexuals = reference group). RESULTS Sexual minority men reported higher rates of mental distress (gay adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.59; bisexual AOR: 1.88) and lifetime depression (gay AOR: 2.48; bisexual: AOR 2.67). Gay men reported higher rates of current smoking (AOR: 1.28), but lower rates of obesity (AOR: 0.82) compared to heterosexual men. Sexual minority women reported higher rates of several cardiovascular risk factors including mental distress (lesbian AOR: 1.37; bisexual AOR: 2.33), lifetime depression (lesbian AOR: 1.96; bisexual AOR: 3.26), current smoking (lesbian AOR: 1.65; bisexual AOR: 1.29), heavy drinking (lesbian AOR: 2.01; bisexual AOR: 2.04), and obesity (lesbian AOR: 1.50; bisexual AOR: 1.29), but were more likely to exercise than heterosexual women (lesbian AOR: 1.34; bisexual AOR: 1.24). Lesbian women reported lower rates of heart attack (AOR: 0.62), but bisexual women had higher rates of stroke than heterosexual women (AOR: 1.46). CONCLUSIONS Findings can inform the development of prevention efforts to reduce cardiovascular disease risk in sexual minorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Billy A Caceres
- 1 Columbia University School of Nursing, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Nour Makarem
- 2 Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York City, NY, USA
| | | | - Tonda L Hughes
- 1 Columbia University School of Nursing, New York City, NY, USA
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Oldham M, Tomiyama AJ, Robinson E. The psychosocial experience of feeling overweight promotes increased snack food consumption in women but not men. Appetite 2018; 128:283-293. [PMID: 29883685 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Self-identification of being overweight has been associated with overeating and weight gain in observational studies, irrespective of whether the individual in question is objectively overweight. The aims of the present studies were to examine whether experimentally manipulating the psychosocial experience of feeling overweight impacted on snack food consumption and to identify mechanisms explaining this effect. In Study 1, to manipulate the psychosocial experience of feeling overweight, 120 women wore an obese body suit or control clothing in public or private settings, before consuming snack foods. Wearing the obese body suit resulted in an increase in snack food consumption and this effect was not moderated by whether participants wore the obese body suit in public or in private. In Study 2, we aimed to replicate the effect of the obese body suit on snack food consumption and also examined whether the effect of the body suit on eating behaviour was moderated by participant sex (n = 150; 80 women). Women who wore the obese body suit ate significantly more than women who wore the control clothing, but this effect was not observed in men. Across both studies we examined a number of potential mechanisms that could explain the effect that wearing the obese body suit had on snack food consumption, but did not find supporting evidence. The psychosocial experience of feeling overweight may lead to increased snack food consumption in women, but the psychological mechanism explaining this effect is unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Oldham
- Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | - A Janet Tomiyama
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Eric Robinson
- Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Smith PK, Zagorsky JL. "Do I look fat?" Self-perceived body weight and labor market outcomes. ECONOMICS AND HUMAN BIOLOGY 2018; 30:48-58. [PMID: 29920419 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Research reporting that greater body weight is associated with lower wages and employment, particularly among women, focuses on how employers perceive workers. In contrast, we examine whether workers' own perceptions of body weight influence labor market outcomes. Numerous studies find that misperception of body weight influences health behaviors and health, both mental and physical. For example, anorexia nervosa involves the over-perception of weight and raises the risk of cardiovascular disease. Do the health consequences of inaccurate self-perceived weight carry through to the labor market? We use the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (NLSY97) to investigate patterns in weight misperception and three labor market outcomes. We find little evidence that either over-perception or under-perception of weight is associated with wages, weeks worked, or the number of jobs held for women and men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia K Smith
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Michigan-Dearborn, 4901 Evergreen Road, Dearborn, MI, 48128, USA.
| | - Jay L Zagorsky
- Center for Human Resource Research, Ohio State University, 921 Chatham Lane, Suite 200, Columbus, OH, 43221, USA.
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Kwon S. Body Mass Index, Perceived Weight, and Self-Rated Health among South Korean Adults: Conjoint Effect on Health? AIMS Public Health 2018; 4:513-525. [PMID: 30155501 PMCID: PMC6111275 DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2017.5.513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of overweight and obesity is rising rapidly in many countries, including South Korea. The present study examined the association between weight perception and self-rated health, independent of body weight status, as well as how weight status and perceived weight status intersect and relate to the self-rated health among adults in South Korea. Data were from 722 men and 800 women in 2010 Korean General Social Survey. Results showed that over half of Korean adults perceived their weight incorrectly with a fair agreement (men ƙ = 0.36; women ƙ = 0.31). Multivariate analyses indicated that poor/fair self-rated health had no significant association with body weight status, measured by self-reported weight and height, but it had a significant association with perceived weight status in men. The intersectionality analysis in which weight status and weight perceptions were cross-classified indicated that both measured and perceived weight status should be taken into account for the indicator of self-rated health as well as for better understanding of weight-related health consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyoung Kwon
- Department of Psychology & Sociology, Texas A & M University- Kingsville, 700 University Blvd, MSC 177, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA
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56
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Repeat length variations in polyglutamine disease-associated genes affect body mass index. Int J Obes (Lond) 2018; 43:440-449. [PMID: 30120431 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-018-0161-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The worldwide prevalence of obesity, a major risk factor for numerous debilitating chronic disorders, is increasing rapidly. Although a substantial amount of the variation in body mass index (BMI) is estimated to be heritable, the largest meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to date explained only ~2.7% of the variation. To tackle this 'missing heritability' problem of obesity, here we focused on the contribution of DNA repeat length polymorphisms which are not detectable by GWAS. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We determined the cytosine-adenine-guanine (CAG) repeat length in the nine known polyglutamine disease-associated genes (ATXN1, ATXN2, ATXN3, CACNA1A, ATXN7, TBP, HTT, ATN1 and AR) in two large cohorts consisting of 12,457 individuals and analyzed their association with BMI, using generalized linear mixed-effect models. RESULTS We found a significant association between BMI and the length of CAG repeats in seven polyglutamine disease-associated genes (including ATXN1, ATXN2, ATXN3, CACNA1A, ATXN7, TBP and AR). Importantly, these repeat variations could account for 0.75% of the total BMI variation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings incriminate repeat polymorphisms as an important novel class of genetic risk factors of obesity and highlight the role of the brain in its pathophysiology.
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57
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Association of visceral fat area with the presence of depressive symptoms in Chinese postmenopausal women with normal glucose tolerance. Menopause 2018. [PMID: 28640157 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000000917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Depression is one of the most common mental disorders, and women are more vulnerable to depression than men, particularly during stages of hormonal fluctuations. After menopause, fat accumulation shifts from the subcutaneous area to the visceral area, and the risk of metabolic disorder increases in parallel. The present study aimed to evaluate the association between abdominal fat distribution and the presence of depressive symptoms in postmenopausal women. METHODS Visceral fat area (VFA) was detected by magnetic resonance imaging. Depressive symptoms were evaluated with Zung's Self-Rating Depression Scale. RESULTS In all, 437 normoglycemic postmenopausal women with a mean age of 58.4 ± 5.0 years (mean age at final menstrual period: 50.1 ± 3.5 years) were enrolled in the present study, including 117 individuals with depressive symptoms and 320 individuals without depressive symptoms. The prevalence of abdominal obesity in women with depressive symptoms was much higher than that in those without depressive symptoms (37.6% vs 27.5%; P = 0.042). Participants with depressive symptoms showed elevated VFA values (74.6 ± 29.8 vs 65.9 ± 28.9 cm; P = 0.006). Multivariate stepwise regression analysis demonstrated that VFA was independently correlated with the presence of depressive symptoms (standardized β = 0.099, P = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS In Chinese postmenopausal women, visceral fat accumulation was an independent and positive factor significantly associated with the presence of depressive symptoms.
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58
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Haynes A, Kersbergen I, Sutin A, Daly M, Robinson E. A systematic review of the relationship between weight status perceptions and weight loss attempts, strategies, behaviours and outcomes. Obes Rev 2018; 19:347-363. [PMID: 29266851 PMCID: PMC5814847 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
It is commonly assumed that a person identifying that they are 'overweight' is an important prerequisite to successful weight management. However, there has been no systematic evaluation of evidence supporting this proposition. The aim of the present research was to systematically review evidence on the relationship between perceived overweight and (i) weight loss attempts, (ii) weight control strategies (healthy and unhealthy), (iii) weight-related behaviours (physical activity and eating habits), (iv) disordered eating and (v) weight change. We synthesized evidence from 78 eligible studies and evaluated evidence linking perceived overweight with outcome variables separately according to the gender, age and objective weight status of study participants. Results indicated that perceived overweight was associated with an increased likelihood of attempting weight loss and with healthy and unhealthy weight control strategies in some participant groups. However, perceived overweight was not reliably associated with physical activity or healthy eating and was associated with greater disordered eating in some groups. Rather than being associated with improved weight management, there was consistent evidence that perceived overweight was predictive of increased weight gain over time. Individuals who perceive their weight status as overweight are more likely to report attempting weight loss but over time gain more weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Haynes
- Institute of Psychology, Health and Society, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - I Kersbergen
- Institute of Psychology, Health and Society, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - A Sutin
- Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - M Daly
- Behavioural Science Centre, Stirling Management School, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK.,UCD Geary Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - E Robinson
- Institute of Psychology, Health and Society, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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59
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Atlantis E, Ghassem Pour S, Girosi F. Incremental predictive value of screening for anxiety and depression beyond current type 2 diabetes risk models: a prospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e018255. [PMID: 29362254 PMCID: PMC5786131 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We sought to determine whether screening for anxiety and depression, an emerging risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D), adds clinically meaningful information beyond current T2D risk assessment tools. DESIGN Prospective cohort. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING The 45 and Up Study is a large-scale prospective cohort of men and women aged 45 years and over, randomly sampled from the general population of New South Wales, Australia. 51 588 participants without self-reported diabetes at baseline (2006-2009) were followed up for approximately 3 years (2010). METHODS T2D status was determined by self-reported doctor who diagnosed diabetes after the age of 30 years, and/or current use of metformin. Current symptoms of anxiety and/or depression were measured by the 10-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10). We determined the optimal cut-off point for K10 for predicting T2D using Tjur's R2 and tested risk models with and without the K10 using logistic regression. We assessed performance measures for the incremental value of the K10 using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AROC), net reclassification improvement (NRI) and net benefit (NB) decision analytics with sensitivity analyses. RESULTS T2D developed in 1076 individuals (52.4% men). A K10 score of ≥19 (prevalence 8.97%), adjusted for age and gender, was optimal for predicting incident T2D (sensitivity 77%, specificity 53% and positive predictive value 3%; OR 1.70 (95% CI 1.41 to 2.03, P<0.001). K10 score predicted incident T2D independent of current risk models, but did not improve corresponding AROC, NRI and NB statistics. Sensitivity analyses showed that this was partially explained by the baseline model and the small effect size of the K10 that was similar compared with other risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Anxiety and depressing screening with the K10 adds no meaningful incremental value in addition to current T2D risk assessments. The clinical importance of anxiety and depression screening in preventing T2D requires ongoing consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Atlantis
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Capital Markets CRC, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shima Ghassem Pour
- Capital Markets CRC, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Translation Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Kingswood, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Federico Girosi
- Capital Markets CRC, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Translation Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Kingswood, New South Wales, Australia
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Lee EY, Myre M, Hwang J, Chun H, Seo E, Pabayo R, Spence JC. Body weight misperception and psychological distress among young South Korean adults: the role of physical activity. Glob Health Res Policy 2017; 2:17. [PMID: 29202085 PMCID: PMC5683333 DOI: 10.1186/s41256-017-0036-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Emerging evidence suggests that body weight misperception may be associated with psychological distress among people in developed countries. Participating in physical activity (PA) may negate the association between weight misperception and psychological distress given the well-known benefits of PA on psychological health. This study examined the role of PA in associations between body weight misperception and psychological distress among young South Korean adults. Methods Data from individuals aged 20 to 39 years who participated in the Fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2010–2012 (N = 6055) was included in the logistic regressions. Results The proportions of the respondents under- and over-perceiving their body weight were 66.9% and 0.8% among men and 16.3% and 15.6% among women respectively. A moderating effect of PA participation was observed on the relationship between body weight over-perception and depressed mood (Odds Ratio [OR] = 0.55; 95% Confidence Intervals [95% CI] = 0.34, 0.89). Among individuals who did not meet the recommended vigorous-intensity PA (≥ 20 min/session and ≥ 3 day/week), body weight over-perception was associated with depressed mood (OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.19, 2.46) compared to the accurate-perception group. However, no association was observed among those who met the recommended vigorous-intensity PA (OR = 1.52, 95% CI = 0.45, 5.22). Similar patterns were found among physically active versus inactive individuals (recommended walking not met: OR = 2.02, 95% CI = 1.29, 3.15; recommended walking met: OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 0.66, 2.49; muscular strengthening exercises for < 2 day/week: OR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.21, 2.51; muscular strengthening exercises for ≥ 2 day/week: OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 0.37, 5.14). No relationship existed between body weight over-perception and depressed mood after adjusting for PA. Conclusions Participating in regular PA may buffer a potential negative impact of body weight over-perception on depressive mood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Young Lee
- Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, 1-149 Van Vliet Complex, Edmonton, AB Canada
| | - Maxine Myre
- Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, 1-149 Van Vliet Complex, Edmonton, AB Canada
| | - Jongnam Hwang
- Department of Health Promotion, Daegu University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Heeran Chun
- College of Health Sciences, Jungwon University, Geosan, Chung-buk South Korea
| | - Eunchul Seo
- Department of Sport Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Roman Pabayo
- School of Community and Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, NV USA.,Harvard School of Public Health, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Boston, MA USA
| | - John C Spence
- Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, 1-149 Van Vliet Complex, Edmonton, AB Canada
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Cochrane AJ, Dick B, King NA, Hills AP, Kavanagh DJ. Developing dimensions for a multicomponent multidisciplinary approach to obesity management: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:814. [PMID: 29037238 PMCID: PMC5644160 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4834-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There have been consistent recommendations for multicomponent and multidisciplinary approaches for obesity management. However, there is no clear agreement on the components, disciplines or processes to be considered within such an approach. In this study, we explored multicomponent and multidisciplinary approaches through an examination of knowledge, skills, beliefs, and recommendations of stakeholders involved in obesity management. These stakeholders included researchers, practitioners, educators, and patients. METHODS We used qualitative action research methods, including convergent interviewing and observation, to assist the process of inquiry. RESULTS The consensus was that a multicomponent and multidisciplinary approach should be based on four central meta-components (patient, practitioner, process, and environmental factors), and specific components of these factors were identified. Psychologists, dieticians, exercise physiologists and general practitioners were nominated as key practitioners to be included. CONCLUSIONS A complex condition like obesity requires that multiple components be addressed, and that both patients and multiple disciplines are involved in developing solutions. Implementing cycles of continuous improvement to deal with complexity, instead of trying to control for it, offers an effective way to deal with complex, changing multisystem problems like obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita J. Cochrane
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD 4001 Australia
- LifePsyche, Box 3180, Norman Park, Brisbane, PO 4170 Australia
| | - Bob Dick
- Interchange, 37 Burbong Street, Chapel Hill, Brisbane, QLD 4069 Australia
| | - Neil A. King
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD 4001 Australia
| | - Andrew P. Hills
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Tasmania, Locked Bag 1322, Newnham Drive, Launceston, TAS 7250 Australia
| | - David J. Kavanagh
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, 4001 Australia
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Pinto ADA, Claumann GS, Medeiros PD, Barbosa RMDSP, Nahas MV, Pelegrini A. ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PERCEIVED STRESS IN ADOLESCENCE, BODY WEIGHT AND ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 35:422-428. [PMID: 28977133 PMCID: PMC5737262 DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/;2017;35;4;00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the association between perceived stress in adolescence, body weight and romantic relationships. METHODS Participants were 2,571 adolescents (56.1% female), with mean age of 16.6±1.2 years, who were students of public schools in Amazonas. The adolescents answered a questionnaire with sociodemographic questions (sex, age group, school year, study shift, maternal schooling and family income) and related to body weight dissatisfaction, romantic relationships (identified by the relationship status - with or without a partner) and perceived stress (dependent variable). Binary Logistic Regression was used to test the association between perceived stress, body weight dissatisfaction and romantic relationships. The analysis was adjusted by sex and age group. RESULTS The prevalence of perceived stress was 19.0% (95% confidence interval - 95%CI 17.5-20.3), and was higher among girls (23.2%; 95%CI 21.5-24.5) than boys (13.6%; 95%CI 12.2-14.7). Adolescents with partners (OR 1.76; 95%CI 1.14-2.71) and those who wanted to lose body weight (OR 1.53; 95%IC 1.18-1.98) were more likely to perceive themselves as stressed. CONCLUSIONS There was an association between perceived stress, relationship status and body weight dissatisfaction. Regardless of sex and age group, the adolescents with a partner and those who wanted to lose weight were more likely to perceive themselves as stressed. Girls should receive special attention, as well as adolescents with partners and those who want to lose body weight.
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63
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Akindele MO, Phillips J, Igumbor E, Useh U. Body Weight Misperception and Dissatisfaction Among Overweight and Obese Adult Nigerians. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2017; 3:e56. [PMID: 28814377 PMCID: PMC5577454 DOI: 10.2196/publichealth.7047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in low- and medium-income countries has a negative impact on overall health. Correct perception of one's body weight is a step in seeking healthy help toward weight reduction in overweight and obese individuals. OBJECTIVE This study was carried out to assess the body weight misperception and dissatisfaction among overweight and obese adults in an urban African setting. METHODS This study was part of a larger cross-sectional study that was designed to plan an intervention for overweight and obese adults in an urban African setting. For this study, we randomly selected only overweight and obese adults (≥18 years old) who consented to participate in the study from 15 enumeration areas in Alimosho Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria. We followed the World Health Organization guidelines for conducting community surveys in recruiting overweight and obese participants. We assessed body weight perception and dissatisfaction through their responses to the following: "How do you describe your weight?" and "I feel bad about myself because of my weight." Data for this study were collected between November 2012 and March 2013. RESULTS We recruited 567 participants, of whom more than half (n=304, 53.6%) misperceived their weight as either underweight or normal weight, and 61.2% (n=186) of whom were women. The strength of agreement between the actual body mass index and weight perception was very poor (κ=.032, SE .015, P=.04). The strongest predictor of weight perception was sex (female) with an odds ratio of 1.63 (95% CI 1.13-2.35). About 41.1% (n=233) of the participants were dissatisfied with their weight, of whom 30.0% (n=70) were men. Age (young adult) was a predictor of weight dissatisfaction with an odds ratio of 2.37 (95% CI 1.62-3.46). CONCLUSIONS More than half of the participants misperceived their body weight as either underweight or normal weight, and the majority of them were women. More men were not happy with their body weight, and participants in the young adult age group were more dissatisfied with their body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukadas Oyeniran Akindele
- Diseases of Lifestyle Niche Area, School of Research and Postgraduate Studies, North-West University, Mafikeng, South Africa.,Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria.,Department of Physiotherapy, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Joliana Phillips
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ehimario Igumbor
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ushotanefe Useh
- Diseases of Lifestyle Niche Area, School of Research and Postgraduate Studies, North-West University, Mafikeng, South Africa
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64
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Ogilvie RP, Patel SR. The epidemiology of sleep and obesity. Sleep Health 2017; 3:383-388. [PMID: 28923198 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2017.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sleep is a state of consciousness that is preserved across animal species whose exact function is not yet clear but which has a vital impact on health and well-being. Epidemiological evidence suggests sleep duration in both children and adults has been decreasing over the past half-century, while at the same time rates of overweight and obesity have been increasing. Short sleep duration along with other dimensions of poor sleep has been associated with obesity both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. These data suggest a potential causal relationship between poor sleep and greater rates of weight gain that may be related to effects of sleep on dietary intake or physical activity. However, there is also potential for reverse causation as obesity leads to many co-morbidities including sleep apnea that can disrupt sleep. Medium and long term interventional studies are needed to evaluate the potential for healthy sleep interventions to help combat the epidemic of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel P Ogilvie
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
| | - Sanjay R Patel
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
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Štefan L, Čule M, Milinović I, Juranko D, Sporiš G. The Relationship between Lifestyle Factors and Body Compositionin Young Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14080893. [PMID: 28786940 PMCID: PMC5580597 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14080893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background: Little is known of how lifestyle factors might influence on body composition parameters in young adults from Croatia. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between the lifestyle factors and body composition in young adults. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, participants were 271 university students (59.0% of women). Body composition was measured by using bioelectric impendance analysis (BIA). Blood pressure and heart rate were measured according to standardized protocol and Mediterranean diet adherence (MD), physical activity (PA) and psychological distress (PD) were assessed with validated questionnaires. Results: Self-rated health (SRH) and PA were inversely associated with weight, body-mass index (BMI), fat-mass percentage and blood pressure in men and with weight, BMI, fat-mass percentage and heart rate in women. Higher levels of SRH and PA were positively associated with fat-free mass percentage in both men and women. Smoking was positively associatedwith BMI and fat-mass percentage in women and with heart rate in men. Alcohol consumption was positively associated with weight and BMI in women and fat-mass percentage and heart rate in men, yet inversely associated with fat-free mass percentage only in men. PD was positively associated with weight and blood pressure in men and with BMI, fat-mass percentage and blood pressure in women. Conclusions: Our study shows that higher levels of SRH, MD and PA are related with healthy body composition parameters in young adults. Special interventions and policies that enhance PA and MD and decrease substance use and misuse (SUM) and PD should be implemented within the university school systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lovro Štefan
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Marko Čule
- Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Ivan Milinović
- Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Dora Juranko
- Boutique Fitnes Studio "Vježbaonica", Center for Recreationand Fitness, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Goran Sporiš
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Niedermeier M, Hartl A, Kopp M. Prevalence of Mental Health Problems and Factors Associated with Psychological Distress in Mountain Exercisers: A Cross-Sectional Study in Austria. Front Psychol 2017; 8:1237. [PMID: 28775701 PMCID: PMC5517492 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge about potential protective factors against mental health problems is highly needed. Regular physical activity (PA) in an outdoor environment, like mountain exercising, might reduce psychological distress. Therefore, the aims of the present study were to assess the prevalence of mental health problems in mountain exercisers and to detect factors associated with psychological distress. In a cross-sectional design, we collected self-reported data of 1,536 Austrian mountain exercisers. The prevalence of mental health problems and psychological distress (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale), the level of PA International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and affective valence during PA (Feeling Scale) were obtained. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to assess factors influencing psychological distress. The prevalence of mental health problems in Austrian mountain exercisers was 14%. Health-enhancing PA level and higher affective valence during PA were significantly associated with lower psychological distress. Minimal PA level was not significantly associated with lower psychological distress compared to inactive PA level. Marital status, education, alpine association membership, and body mass index did not show a significant influence on psychological distress. The prevalence of mental health problems seems to be lower in Austrian mountain exercisers compared to the European population. A health-enhancing PA level and affective valence increasing forms of PA were shown to be associated with lower psychological distress. Results might lead to interventional studies focusing on the potential of outdoor PA, e.g., mountain exercise, as an adjunct treatment in people at risk or with mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arnulf Hartl
- Institute of Ecomedicine, Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburg, Austria
| | - Martin Kopp
- Department of Sport Science, University of InnsbruckInnsbruck, Austria
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Whitehead RD, Cosma A, Cecil J, Currie C, Currie D, Neville F, Inchley J. Trends in the perceived body size of adolescent males and females in Scotland, 1990-2014: changing associations with mental well-being. Int J Public Health 2017; 63:69-80. [PMID: 28668973 PMCID: PMC5766710 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-017-0997-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This paper explores trends in Scottish adolescents’ body size perceptions and associated mental well-being outcomes. Methods Data were collected on Scottish 11-, 13-, and 15-year-olds by the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study between 1990 and 2014 (n = 42,312). Logistic regression was used to examine changes in the prevalence of over- and underweight perceptions. Ordinal and linear regressions were used to examine changes in the association between body perception and mental well-being. Results Little change was observed in over- or underweight perceptions. However, relative to those perceiving their body as ‘about right’, those perceiving themselves as overweight reported decreasing confidence (all groups), decreasing happiness (11- and 13-year-old girls), and increasing psychological health symptoms (all girls and 15-year-old boys). Perceived underweight is associated with poor well-being, especially in males, but we present little evidence that this is a recent phenomenon. Conclusions We present evidence suggesting that the association between body size perception and poor mental health in adolescence is changing over time. This may play a role in the recently observed worsening of mental well-being in Scottish adolescents. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00038-017-0997-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross D Whitehead
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, Scotland, UK.
| | - Alina Cosma
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, Scotland, UK
| | - Jo Cecil
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, Scotland, UK
| | - Candace Currie
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, Scotland, UK
| | - Dorothy Currie
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, Scotland, UK
| | - Fergus Neville
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, Scotland, UK
| | - Jo Inchley
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, Scotland, UK
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Jung SJ, Woo HT, Cho S, Park K, Jeong S, Lee YJ, Kang D, Shin A. Association between body size, weight change and depression: systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry 2017; 211:14-21. [PMID: 28428339 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.116.186726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundThe association between body size, weight change and depression has not been systematically summarised, especially for individuals who are underweight.AimsTo conduct a systematic review and a meta-analysis to examine the association between indices of body size, weight change and depression.MethodA total of 183 studies were selected. Fully adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) or odds ratios (ORs) were extracted. A total of 76 studies contributed to data synthesis with a random-effect model, and subgroup analyses were conducted to evaluate the effect of potential moderators.ResultsIn cohort studies, underweight at baseline increased the risk of subsequent depression (OR = 1.16, 95% CI 1.08-1.24). Overweight (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2) showed no statistically significant relationship with depression overall; however, the subgroup analyses found different results according to gender (men: OR = 0.84, 95% CI 0.72-0.97, women: OR = 1.16, 95% CI 1.07-1.25). In cross-sectional designs, obesity with BMI >40 kg/m2 showed a greater pooled odds ratio than obesity with BMI >30 kg/m2ConclusionsBoth underweight and obesity increase the risk of depression. The association between overweight and depression differs by gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Jae Jung
- Sun Jae June, MD, PhD, Department of Biomedical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Hyuna-taek woo, MD, Sooyouna Cho, MS, Kyounahoon Park, MD, Seokhun Jeong, MD, Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yu Jin Lee, MD, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Daehee Kang, MD, PhD, Department of Biomedical Science, Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea; Aesun Shin, MD, PhD, Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung-Taek Woo
- Sun Jae June, MD, PhD, Department of Biomedical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Hyuna-taek woo, MD, Sooyouna Cho, MS, Kyounahoon Park, MD, Seokhun Jeong, MD, Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yu Jin Lee, MD, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Daehee Kang, MD, PhD, Department of Biomedical Science, Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea; Aesun Shin, MD, PhD, Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sooyoung Cho
- Sun Jae June, MD, PhD, Department of Biomedical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Hyuna-taek woo, MD, Sooyouna Cho, MS, Kyounahoon Park, MD, Seokhun Jeong, MD, Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yu Jin Lee, MD, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Daehee Kang, MD, PhD, Department of Biomedical Science, Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea; Aesun Shin, MD, PhD, Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyounghoon Park
- Sun Jae June, MD, PhD, Department of Biomedical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Hyuna-taek woo, MD, Sooyouna Cho, MS, Kyounahoon Park, MD, Seokhun Jeong, MD, Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yu Jin Lee, MD, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Daehee Kang, MD, PhD, Department of Biomedical Science, Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea; Aesun Shin, MD, PhD, Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seokhun Jeong
- Sun Jae June, MD, PhD, Department of Biomedical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Hyuna-taek woo, MD, Sooyouna Cho, MS, Kyounahoon Park, MD, Seokhun Jeong, MD, Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yu Jin Lee, MD, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Daehee Kang, MD, PhD, Department of Biomedical Science, Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea; Aesun Shin, MD, PhD, Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yu Jin Lee
- Sun Jae June, MD, PhD, Department of Biomedical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Hyuna-taek woo, MD, Sooyouna Cho, MS, Kyounahoon Park, MD, Seokhun Jeong, MD, Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yu Jin Lee, MD, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Daehee Kang, MD, PhD, Department of Biomedical Science, Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea; Aesun Shin, MD, PhD, Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Daehee Kang
- Sun Jae June, MD, PhD, Department of Biomedical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Hyuna-taek woo, MD, Sooyouna Cho, MS, Kyounahoon Park, MD, Seokhun Jeong, MD, Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yu Jin Lee, MD, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Daehee Kang, MD, PhD, Department of Biomedical Science, Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea; Aesun Shin, MD, PhD, Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Aesun Shin
- Sun Jae June, MD, PhD, Department of Biomedical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Hyuna-taek woo, MD, Sooyouna Cho, MS, Kyounahoon Park, MD, Seokhun Jeong, MD, Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yu Jin Lee, MD, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Daehee Kang, MD, PhD, Department of Biomedical Science, Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea; Aesun Shin, MD, PhD, Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Zuromski KL, Cero I, Witte TK, Zeng P. The Quadratic Relationship Between Body Mass Index and Suicide Ideation: A Nonlinear Analysis of Indirect Effects. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2017; 47:155-167. [PMID: 27291861 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A nonlinear indirect effects framework was used to investigate potential interpersonal indirect effects (i.e., perceived burden and thwarted belonging) accounting for the nonlinear relationship between body mass index (BMI) and suicide ideation. Using a sample of 338 undergraduates, results revealed a significant quadratic effect of BMI on suicide ideation via perceived burden only, which became significant as BMI fell below 18.00 kg/m2 and above 28.00 kg/m2 . Our results provide novel information relevant for suicide risk screening in the context of weight- and health-related interventions and provide justification for future longitudinal trials assessing suicide risk across the BMI spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ian Cero
- Department of Psychology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Tracy K Witte
- Department of Psychology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Peng Zeng
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
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Heard C, Scuffham PA, Ratcliffe J, Whitty JA. The association between misperceptions around weight status and quality of life in adults in Australia. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2017; 15:53. [PMID: 28320413 PMCID: PMC5359799 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-017-0627-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Limited evidence supports a possible association between a person’s perception of their weight status and their quality of life (QoL). This study evaluates whether misperception around weight status is associated with QoL and the impact of gender on this association. Methods A cross-sectional survey of Australian adults (n = 1,905 analysed) collected self-reported height and weight (used to estimate BMI), gender and QoL (described using the AQoL-8D). Participants reported whether they perceived their weight status to be ‘underweight’, ‘healthy weight’, ‘overweight’ or ‘obese’. Misperception around weight status was categorised based on perceived weight status and self-reported BMI. Ordinary least squares regression was used to test associations between self-reported overall, physical and psychosocial QoL, misperception of weight status, and gender, across different BMI categories, after controlling for income, education, relationship status and health conditions. Results Compared to accurate perception, underestimation of weight status was associated with higher overall QoL for obese males and females and for overweight males. Overestimation of weight status was associated with higher overall QoL for underweight females and lower overall QoL for healthy weight males and females. The same pattern was seen for psychosocial QoL. Physical QoL was less sensitive to misperception than psychosocial QoL. Conclusions Self-reported misperception around weight status is associated with overall, psychosocial and to a lesser extent physical QoL in Australian adults, although its role depends on BMI category and gender. Generally misperception in the direction of “healthy weight” is associated with higher QoL and overestimation of weight status by those who are of healthy weight is associated with lower QoL. Findings should be confirmed in datasets that contain measured as opposed to self-report height and weight. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12955-017-0627-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Heard
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Paul A Scuffham
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
| | - Julie Ratcliffe
- Institute for Choice, Business School, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jennifer A Whitty
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia. .,Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia. .,Health Economics Group, Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK, NR4 7JT.
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Aloufi AD, Najman JM, Mamun AA. Predictors of adolescents' weight misclassification: A longitudinal study. Obes Res Clin Pract 2017; 11:576-584. [PMID: 28215850 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine adolescents' and mothers' misclassification of the adolescents' body weight and associated early life predictors. METHODS Data are from a sample of women and their children who were part of a longitudinal Australian birth cohort study. We analysed data of 3925 adolescents, 3721 mothers, and 2593 mother-offspring pairs. At the 14-year follow up, we derived adolescents' body weight category (underweight, normal or overweight) based on their measured height and weight and adolescents reported their similar subjective weight categories. Similarly, mothers reported perceived weight of their adolescents' offspring. We compared objectively measured weight with subjective weight perceptions to identify misclassifications. Possible predictors of weight misclassification were taken from pregnancy, childhood and the adolescent period. RESULTS Almost a third of adolescents and a quarter of mothers misclassified the adolescents' body weight. Underestimation was observed more often in overweight adolescents. Overestimation was observed more often in underweight adolescents. More than a third of underweight adolescents and almost half of mothers of underweight children overestimated the adolescent's body weight. Normal weight females overestimated their body weight more than their males' counterparts. Predictor of misclassification included being female; dieting to lose weight; having over or underweight mothers; and having high level of poor mental health. CONCLUSIONS Findings of this study suggest that adolescent weight misclassification is common across all BMI categories. Being female, dieting to lose weight, poor mental health and maternal BMI status predict misclassification. Further studies are needed to evaluate the population health significance of weight misclassifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz D Aloufi
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston Road, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia; Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Jake M Najman
- Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; School of Social Science, The University of Queensland, Australia.
| | - Abdullah A Mamun
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston Road, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia.
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Robinson E, Kersbergen I. Overweight or about right? A norm comparison explanation of perceived weight status. Obes Sci Pract 2017; 3:36-43. [PMID: 28392930 PMCID: PMC5358078 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Body‐weight norms may explain why personal evaluations of weight status are often inaccurate. Here, we tested a ‘norm comparison’ explanation of weight status perceptions, whereby personal evaluations of weight status are biased by perceived body‐weight norms. Methods Study 1 examined whether perceptions of how one's own body weight compares to an average person predict personal evaluations of weight status. Study 2 examined whether manipulating perceptions of how one's own body weight compares to an average person influences whether or not a person identifies their own weight status as being overweight. Results In Study 1, if participants rated their body weight as being similar to the body weight of an average person, they were less likely to identify their weight status as being overweight. In Study 2, participants that were led to believe that their body weight was heavier than the average person were more likely to perceive their own weight status as being overweight. Conclusions Personal perceptions of weight status are likely to be shaped by a ‘norm comparison’ process. As overweight becomes more normal, underestimation of weight status amongst individuals with overweight and obesity will be more common.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Robinson
- Psychological Sciences University of Liverpool Liverpool UK
| | - I Kersbergen
- Psychological Sciences University of Liverpool Liverpool UK
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Essayli JH, Murakami JM, Wilson RE, Latner JD. The Impact of Weight Labels on Body Image, Internalized Weight Stigma, Affect, Perceived Health, and Intended Weight Loss Behaviors in Normal-Weight and Overweight College Women. Am J Health Promot 2016; 31:484-490. [PMID: 27553058 DOI: 10.1177/0890117116661982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the psychological impact of weight labels. DESIGN A double-blind experiment that randomly informed participants that they were "normal weight" or "overweight." SETTING Public university in Honolulu, Hawai'i. PARTICIPANTS Normal-weight and overweight female undergraduates (N = 113). MEASURES The Body Image States Scale, Stunkard Rating Scale, Weight Bias Internalization Scale, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, General Health question from the 12-item Short Form Health Survey, modified version of the Weight Loss Methods Scale, and a manipulation check. ANALYSIS A 2 × 2 between-subjects analysis of variance explored the main effects of the assigned weight label and actual weight and interactions between assigned weight label and actual weight. RESULTS Significant main effects of the assigned weight label emerged on measures of body dissatisfaction, F(1, 109) = 12.40, p = .001, [Formula: see text] = 0.10, internalized weight stigma, F(1, 108) = 4.35, p = .039, [Formula: see text] = .04, and negative affect, F(1, 108) = 9.22, p = .003, [Formula: see text] = .08. Significant assigned weight label × actual weight interactions were found on measures of perceived body image, F(1, 109) = 6.29, p = .014, [Formula: see text] = .06, and perceived health, F(1, 109) = 4.18, p = .043, [Formula: see text] = .04. CONCLUSION A weight label of "overweight" may have negative psychological consequences, particularly for overweight women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal H Essayli
- 1 Department of Psychology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Jessica M Murakami
- 1 Department of Psychology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Rebecca E Wilson
- 1 Department of Psychology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Janet D Latner
- 1 Department of Psychology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
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Abou Abbas L, Salameh P, Nasser W, Nasser Z, Godin I. Body mass index and psychological distress among Lebanese University students: examining the moderating effect of gender. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENCE AND YOUTH 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/02673843.2015.1083450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Kim S, So WY. Secular trends in the prevalence of weight misperception among Korean adults, 2001-2013. Obes Res Clin Pract 2016; 12:346-350. [PMID: 27316906 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
We examined trends in the prevalence of weight misperception among Korean adults from 2001 to 2013. Data were derived from four Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys conducted in 2001, 2005, 2009, and 2013. Weight perception was classified as "correct perception" if the weight status based on body mass index (BMI) and the respondent's body shape perception (BSP) were consistent and "weight misperception" if the weight status based on BMI and the respondent's BSP were inconsistent. Two of five Korean adults incorrectly recognised their weight status. The weight misperception rate in women increased over time (p for trend=0.003), but there was no significant difference in the male weight misperception rate over time (p for trend=0.179). The weight misperception rate in respondents>60 years old decreased in both men and women (p for trend<0.05), but women showed an increasing weight misperception rate in all other age groups (p for trend<0.001). There was no change in the weight misperception rate in men with increasing age (p>0.05). In respondents with a normal weight, the weight misperception rate increased over time in both men and women (males, p for trend=0.003; women, p for trend<0.001), but overweight men (p for trend<0.001) and obese men and women showed a decreasing rate of weight misperception (men, p for trend=0.006: women, p for trend<0.001). The results of this study suggest that health policy efforts are necessary to change the perception of healthy weight status for women, among whom the prevalence of weight misperception is increasing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonho Kim
- Department of Nursing, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Wi-Young So
- Sports and Health Care Major, College of Humanities and Arts, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju-si, Republic of Korea.
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Robinson E, Oldham M. Weight status misperceptions among UK adults: the use of self-reported vs. measured BMI. BMC OBESITY 2016; 3:21. [PMID: 27134754 PMCID: PMC4845432 DOI: 10.1186/s40608-016-0102-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background It has been suggested that a significant proportion of overweight and obese individuals underestimate their weight status and think of themselves as being a healthier weight status than they are. The present study examines the prevalence of weight status misperceptions in a recent sample of UK adults, and tests whether the use of self-reported BMI biases estimation of weight status misperceptions. Methods Data came from UK adults who took part in the 2013 Health Survey for England. We examined the proportion of overweight vs. normal weight (categorised using self-reported vs. measured BMI) males and females who perceived their weight as being ‘about right’, as well as how common this perception was among individuals whose waist circumference (WC) placed them at increased risk of ill health. Results A large proportion of overweight (according to measured BMI) women (31 %) and men (55 %) perceived their weight as being ‘about right’ and over half of participants with a WC that placed them at increased risk of future ill health believed their weight was ‘about right’. The use of self-reported (vs. measured) BMI resulted in underestimation of the proportion of overweight individuals who identified their weight as ‘about right’ and overestimation of the number of normal weight individuals believing their weight was ‘too heavy’. Conclusions A large proportion of UK adults who are overweight misperceive their weight status. The use of self-reported BMI data is likely to produce biased estimates of weight status misperceptions. The use of objectively measured BMI is preferable as it will provide more accurate estimates of weight misperception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Robinson
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZA UK
| | - Melissa Oldham
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZA UK
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77
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Davillas A, Benzeval M, Kumari M. Association of Adiposity and Mental Health Functioning across the Lifespan: Findings from Understanding Society (The UK Household Longitudinal Study). PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148561. [PMID: 26849046 PMCID: PMC4744034 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence on the adiposity-mental health associations is mixed, with studies finding positive, negative or no associations, and less is known about how these associations may vary by age. OBJECTIVE To examine the association of adiposity -body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and percentage body fat (BF%)- with mental health functioning across the adult lifespan. METHODS Data from 11,257 participants (aged 18+) of Understanding Society: the UK Household Longitudinal Study (waves 2 and 3, 5/2010-7/2013) were employed. Regressions of mental health functioning, assessed by the Mental Component Summary (MCS-12) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), on adiposity measures (continuous or dichotomous indicators) were estimated adjusted for covariates. Polynomial age-adiposity interactions were estimated. RESULTS Higher adiposity was associated with poorer mental health functioning. This emerged in the 30s, increased up to mid-40s (all central adiposity and obesity-BF% measures) or early 50s (all BMI measures) and then decreased with age. Underlying physical health generally accounted for these associations except for central adiposity, where associations remained statistically significant from the mid-30s to 50s. Cardiovascular, followed by arthritis and endocrine, conditions played the greatest role in attenuating the associations under investigation. CONCLUSIONS We found strong age-specific patterns in the adiposity-mental health functioning association that varied across adiposity measures. Underlying physical health had the dominant role in attenuating these associations. Policy makers and health professionals should target increased adiposity, mainly central adiposity, as it is a risk factor for poor mental health functioning in those aged between mid-30s to 50 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apostolos Davillas
- Institute for Social and Economic Research (ISER), University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom
| | - Michaela Benzeval
- Institute for Social and Economic Research (ISER), University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Meena Kumari
- Institute for Social and Economic Research (ISER), University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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78
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Altman CE, Van Hook J, Gonzalez J. Becoming Overweight Without Gaining a Pound: Weight Evaluations and the Social Integration of Mexicans in the United States. INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION REVIEW 2015; 51:3-36. [PMID: 28845074 PMCID: PMC5570444 DOI: 10.1111/imre.12220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mexican women gain weight with increasing duration in the United States. In the United States, body dissatisfaction tends to be associated with depression, disordered eating, and incongruent weight evaluations, particularly among white women and women of higher socioeconomic status. However, it remains unclear how overweight and obesity is interpreted by Mexican women. Using comparable data of women ages 20-64 from both Mexico (the 2006 Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutricion; N=17,012) and the United States (the 1999-2009 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys; N=8,487), we compare weight status evaluations among Mexican nationals, Mexican immigrants, U.S.-born Mexicans, U.S.-born non-Hispanic Whites, and U.S.-born non-Hispanic blacks. Logistic regression analyses, which control for demographic and social-economic variables and measured body mass index and adjust for the likelihood of migration for Mexican nationals, indicate that the tendency to self-evaluate as overweight among Mexicans converges with levels among non-Hispanic whites and diverges from blacks over time in the United States. Overall, the results suggest a U.S. integration process in which Mexican-American women's less critical self-evaluations originate in Mexico but fade with time in the United States as they gradually adopt U.S. white norms for thinner body sizes. These results are discussed in light of social comparison and negative health assimilation.
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79
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Melasch J, Rullmann M, Hilbert A, Luthardt J, Becker GA, Patt M, Villringer A, Arelin K, Meyer PM, Lobsien D, Ding YS, Müller K, Sabri O, Hesse S, Pleger B. The central nervous norepinephrine network links a diminished sense of emotional well-being to an increased body weight. Int J Obes (Lond) 2015; 40:779-87. [PMID: 26620766 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2015.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The neurobiological mechanisms linking obesity to emotional distress remain largely undiscovered. METHODS In this pilot study, we combined positron emission tomography, using the norepinephrine transporter (NET) tracer [(11)C]-O-methylreboxetine, with functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging, the Beck depression inventory (BDI), and the impact of weight on quality of life-Lite questionnaire (IWQOL-Lite), to investigate the role of norepinephrine in the severity of depression (BDI), as well as in the loss of emotional well-being with body weight (IWQOL-Lite). RESULTS In a small group of lean-to-morbidly obese individuals (n=20), we show that an increased body mass index (BMI) is related to a lowered NET availability within the hypothalamus, known as the brain's homeostatic control site. The hypothalamus displayed a strengthened connectivity in relation to the individual hypothalamic NET availability to the anterior insula/frontal operculum, as well as the medial orbitofrontal cortex, assumed to host the primary and secondary gustatory cortex, respectively (n=19). The resting-state activity in these two regions was correlated positively to the BMI and IWQOL-Lite scores, but not to the BDI, suggesting that the higher the resting-state activity in these regions, and hence the higher the BMI, the stronger the negative impact of the body weight on the individual's emotional well-being was. CONCLUSIONS This pilot study suggests that the loss in emotional well-being with weight is embedded within the central norepinephrine network.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Melasch
- IFB Adiposity Diseases, University Medical Centre, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - M Rullmann
- IFB Adiposity Diseases, University Medical Centre, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - A Hilbert
- IFB Adiposity Diseases, University Medical Centre, Leipzig, Germany
| | - J Luthardt
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - G A Becker
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - M Patt
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - A Villringer
- IFB Adiposity Diseases, University Medical Centre, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - K Arelin
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - P M Meyer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - D Lobsien
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Y-S Ding
- Department of Radiology, Psychiatry, and Chemistry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - K Müller
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - O Sabri
- IFB Adiposity Diseases, University Medical Centre, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - S Hesse
- IFB Adiposity Diseases, University Medical Centre, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - B Pleger
- IFB Adiposity Diseases, University Medical Centre, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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80
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Nissen NK, Holm L, Baarts C. Monitoring the Normal Body: Ideals and Practices among Normal-Weight and Moderately Overweight People. Obes Facts 2015; 8:329-41. [PMID: 26465272 PMCID: PMC5644855 DOI: 10.1159/000441461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION An extensive body of literature is concerned with obese people, risk, and weight management. However, little is known about weight management among people not belonging to the extreme BMI categories. Management of weight among normal-weight and moderately overweight individuals provides us with knowledge about how to prevent future overweight or obesity. This paper investigates body size ideals and monitoring practices among normal-weight and moderately overweight people. METHODS The study is based on in-depth interviews combined with observations. 24 participants were recruited by strategic sampling based on self-reported BMI 18.5-29.9 kg/m2 and socio-demographic factors. Inductive analysis was conducted. RESULTS Normal-weight and moderately overweight people have clear ideals for their body size. Despite being normal weight or close to this, they construct a variety of practices for monitoring their bodies based on different kinds of calculations of weight and body size, observations of body shape, and measurements of bodily firmness. Biometric measurements are familiar to them as are health authorities' recommendations. Despite not belonging to an extreme BMI category, they translate such measurements and recommendations in meaningful ways to fit their everyday life. CONCLUSIONS Normal-weight and moderately overweight people are concerned with their body size and continuously monitor it. Future health promotion work should consider the kind of practices already established in daily life when recommending ways of conducting body management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Konstantin Nissen
- Department of Food and Resource Economics, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Lotte Holm
- Department of Food and Resource Economics, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Baarts
- Department of Sociology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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81
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Byeon H. Association between Weight Misperception Patterns and Depressive Symptoms in Korean Young Adolescents: National Cross-Sectional Study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131322. [PMID: 26313680 PMCID: PMC4551853 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Although distortion of weight perceptions has been known as a risk factor for adolescent depression, little has been known about the relationship between weight misperception patterns and depressive symptoms. This study explored the relationship between distortion of weight misperception patterns and depressive symptoms in Korean adolescents. Methods The subjects of this study were 109,373 middle school students who participated in the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBWS) from 2011 to 2013. By comparing the difference between Body Mass Index (BMI) and subjective perceptions of body weight, misperceptions of weight were classified into two categories: misperception of underweight and misperception of overweight. Results When confounding variables were adjusted, the results of the logistic regression analysis revealed that male students who perceived themselves as underweight despite their normal weight were 110% more likely to have depressive symptoms (OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.03–1.18) than male students with accurate weight perceptions. On the contrary, for female students, misperceptions of underweight had no significant relationship with depression symptoms. Regarding misperceptions of overweight, female students who perceived themselves as overweight despite their normal weight were 107% (OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.02–1.11) more likely to have depressive symptoms than female students with accurate weight perceptions. Moreover, female students who perceived themselves as overweight when they were underweight were 137% (OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.18–1.58) more likely to have depressive symptoms. Conclusion Male students who underestimate their body weight and female students who overestimate their body weight were at a greater risk of depression emotions than students with accurate weight perceptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haewon Byeon
- Department of Speech Language Pathology & Audiology, School of Public Health, Nambu University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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82
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Fezeu LK, Batty DG, Gale CR, Kivimaki M, Hercberg S, Czernichow S. Is the Relationship between Common Mental Disorder and Adiposity Bidirectional? Prospective Analyses of a UK General Population-Based Study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119970. [PMID: 25993130 PMCID: PMC4436271 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The direction of the association between mental health and adiposity is poorly understood. Our objective was to empirically examine this link in a UK study. This is a prospective cohort study of 3 388 people (men) aged ≥ 18 years at study induction who participated in both the UK Health and Lifestyle Survey at baseline (HALS-1, 1984/1985) and the re-survey (HALS-2, 1991/1992). At both survey examinations, body mass index, waist circumference and self-reported common mental disorder (the 30-item General Health Questionnaire, GHQ) were measured. Logistic regression models were used to compute odds ratios (OR) and accompanying 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the associations between (1) baseline common mental disorder (QHQ score > 4) and subsequent general and abdominal obesity and (2) baseline general and abdominal obesity and re-survey common mental disorders. After controlling for a range of covariates, participants with common mental disorder at baseline experienced greater odds of subsequently becoming overweight (women, OR: 1.30, 1.03 – 1.64; men, 1.05, 0.81 – 1.38) and obese (women, 1.26, 0.82 – 1.94; men, OR: 2.10, 1.23 – 3.55) than those who were free of common mental disorder. Similarly, having baseline common mental health disorder was also related to a greater risk of developing moderate (1.57, 1.21 – 2.04) and severe (1.48, 1.09 – 2.01) abdominal obesity (women only). Baseline general or abdominal obesity was not associated with the risk of future common mental disorder. These findings of the present study suggest that the direction of association between common mental disorders and adiposity is from common mental disorder to increased future risk of adiposity as opposed to the converse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léopold K. Fezeu
- Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité - Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Centre d’Epidémiologie et Biostatistiques (EPIBIOS), Inserm, Inra, Cnam, Université Paris 5, Université Paris 7, Bobigny, France
- * E-mail:
| | - David G. Batty
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Resource Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Catharine R. Gale
- Medical Research Council Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Mika Kivimaki
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Serge Hercberg
- Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité - Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Centre d’Epidémiologie et Biostatistiques (EPIBIOS), Inserm, Inra, Cnam, Université Paris 5, Université Paris 7, Bobigny, France
- Département de Santé Publique, Hôpital Avicenne (AP-HP), Bobigny, France
| | - Sebastien Czernichow
- Department of Nutrition, Ambroise Paré Hospital (AP-HP); University of Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
- INSERM, UMS011 Population-based cohort unit, Villejuif, France
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83
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Peltzer K, Pengpid S. Underestimation of weight and its associated factors in overweight and obese university students from 21 low, middle and emerging economy countries. Obes Res Clin Pract 2015; 9:234-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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84
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Nigatu YT, Bültmann U, Reijneveld SA. The prospective association between obesity and major depression in the general population: does single or recurrent episode matter? BMC Public Health 2015; 15:350. [PMID: 25880736 PMCID: PMC4488044 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-1682-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and major depressive disorder (MDD) are important public health problems. MDD is a heterogeneous disorder and the direction of its association with obesity remains unclear. Evidence grows that recurrent MDD (MDD-R) differs in etiology and prognosis from single episode MDD (MDD-S), which could affect associations with obesity. However, evidence on this differential effect is lacking. The aim of this study was to examine the direction of the association between obesity and MDD, single or recurrent episode. METHODS A longitudinal study was performed in a cohort of 1094 participants of the PREVEND study, on whom data were collected at baseline and at an average 2-year follow-up. MDD-S and MDD-R were assessed by the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 2.1). Obesity was defined as Body Mass Index ≥ 30 kg/m(2). Binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine whether obesity predicts MDD-S/MDD-R or vice versa, adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS Prospective analyses showed that BMI at baseline was associated with the onset of MDD-R (Odds ratio, OR = 1.32; 95% confidence interval, 95%CI: 1.11; 1.57) during 2-year follow-up, but not with the onset of MDD-S (OR = 0.98; 95%CI: 0.89; 1.07). Obesity at baseline was not associated with the onset of MDD-S during follow-up (OR = 0.75; 95%CI: 0.25; 2.30), but associated with the onset of MDD-R during follow-up (OR = 11.63; 95%CI: 1.05; 128.60). Neither MDD-S nor MDD-R were associated with the development of obesity during 2-year follow-up (OR = 1.67, 95%CI: 0.64; 4.29 and OR = 2.32, 95%CI: 0.82; 6.58, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Our findings add to the available evidence that obesity might specifically be associated with the onset of multiple episodes of major depression (MDD-R). Although the reverse association was not found, MDD-R tends to be also associated with subsequent development of obesity, but larger studies are needed to fully assess this issue. The heterogeneity of MDD should be considered when examining the effect of obesity on MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeshambel T Nigatu
- Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, HPC FA10, PO Box 196, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Ute Bültmann
- Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, HPC FA10, PO Box 196, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Sijmen A Reijneveld
- Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, HPC FA10, PO Box 196, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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85
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Klimek P, Kautzky-Willer A, Chmiel A, Schiller-Frühwirth I, Thurner S. Quantification of diabetes comorbidity risks across life using nation-wide big claims data. PLoS Comput Biol 2015; 11:e1004125. [PMID: 25855969 PMCID: PMC4391714 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite substantial progress in the study of diabetes, important questions remain about its comorbidities and clinical heterogeneity. To explore these issues, we develop a framework allowing for the first time to quantify nation-wide risks and their age- and sex-dependence for each diabetic comorbidity, and whether the association may be consequential or causal, in a sample of almost two million patients. This study is equivalent to nearly 40,000 single clinical measurements. We confirm the highly controversial relation of increased risk for Parkinson's disease in diabetics, using a 10 times larger cohort than previous studies on this relation. Detection of type 1 diabetes leads detection of depressions, whereas there is a strong comorbidity relation between type 2 diabetes and schizophrenia, suggesting similar pathogenic or medication-related mechanisms. We find significant sex differences in the progression of, for instance, sleep disorders and congestive heart failure in diabetic patients. Hypertension is a highly sex-sensitive comorbidity with females being at lower risk during fertile age, but at higher risk otherwise. These results may be useful to improve screening practices in the general population. Clinical management of diabetes must address age- and sex-dependence of multiple comorbid conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Klimek
- Section for Science of Complex Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Anna Chmiel
- Section for Science of Complex Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Stefan Thurner
- Section for Science of Complex Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States of America
- IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria
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86
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Nissen NK, Holm L. Literature review: perceptions and management of body size among normal weight and moderately overweight people. Obes Rev 2015; 16:150-60. [PMID: 25487846 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Improved understanding of how normal weight and moderately overweight people manage their body weight and shape could be used to inform initiatives to prevent and treat obesity. This literature review offers a thorough appraisal of existing research into perceptions and management of own body size among normal weight and moderately overweight people. The studies reported in the 47 publications reviewed here address various themes based on different conceptualizations. The studies point out that normal weight and moderately overweight people are much concerned about their body size, but huge discrepancies are found between their own perceptions and study categorizations. The studies also indicate that normal weight and moderately overweight people are actively engaged in managing their body size through numerous managing strategies, and dieting is widespread. Together the studies do not form a unified and coherent research field, and there is a bias towards North American study populations. Methodological problems were identified in some publications, raising questions about generalizability of the findings. Moreover, only few studies give deeper insight into the specific perceptions and actions. Repeated studies are needed in broader and more differentiated geographical, social and cultural contexts, and longitudinal studies and more in-depth explorations are especially needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- N K Nissen
- Department of Food and Resource Economics, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
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87
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Geoffroy MC, Li L, Power C. Depressive symptoms and body mass index: co-morbidity and direction of association in a British birth cohort followed over 50 years. Psychol Med 2014; 44:2641-2652. [PMID: 25055177 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291714000142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An unhealthy body mass index (BMI) has been associated with depression but the direction of association is uncertain. Our aim was to estimate the co-morbidity and direction of association between BMI and depressive symptoms at several ages, from childhood to mid-adulthood. METHOD The data were from 18,558 individuals born in 1 week in March 1958, in England, Scotland and Wales, with follow-up at ages 7, 11, 16, 23, 33, 42, 45 and 50 years. Depression (scores>or=90th percentile) was identified from child/adolescent (teacher questionnaires) and adult (self-complete questionnaires and clinical interview) measures. BMI (kg/m2) measured in child/adolescence and adulthood was classified as underweight, normal, overweight or obese. RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses, obesity and underweight (not overweight) from 11 to 45 years were associated respectively with 1.3-2.1 and 1.5-2.3 times the risk of depression compared with normal weight. Using the time-lagged generalized estimating equation (GEE) approach, we tested (a) whether underweight or obesity at prior ages (7 to 45 years) predicted subsequent risk of depression (11 to 50 years), adjusting for baseline depression; and (b) whether depression at prior ages (7 to 42 years) predicted subsequent risk of underweight or obesity (11 to 45 years), adjusting for baseline BMI. In longitudinal analyses, underweight predicted subsequent depression in both sexes [odds ratio (OR) 1.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11-1.40] and depression predicted subsequent underweight in males only (OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.52-2.23). Obesity predicted subsequent depressive symptoms in females only (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.14-1.56), but depression did not predict obesity. CONCLUSIONS Clinicians should consider screening routinely for depression patients with unhealthy BMI, namely underweight and obesity, and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-C Geoffroy
- Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UCL Institute of Child Health,University College London,UK
| | - L Li
- Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UCL Institute of Child Health,University College London,UK
| | - C Power
- Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UCL Institute of Child Health,University College London,UK
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88
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Li YH, Liu L. Apolipoprotein E synthesized by adipocyte and apolipoprotein E carried on lipoproteins modulate adipocyte triglyceride content. Lipids Health Dis 2014; 13:136. [PMID: 25148848 PMCID: PMC4156606 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-13-136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive energy storage of adipose tissue makes contribution to the occurrence and progression of obesity, which accompanies with multiple adverse complications, such as metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases. It is well known that apolipoprotein E, as a component of lipoproteins, performs a key role in maintaining plasma lipoproteins homeostasis. Interestingly, apolipoprotein E is highly expressed in adipocyte and has positive relation with body fat mass. Apolipoprotein E knock-out mice show small fat mass compared to wild type mice. Moreover, adipocyte deficiency in apolipoprotein E shows impaired lipoproeteins internalization and triglyceride accumulation. Apolipopreotein E-deficient lipoproteins can not induce preadipocyte to form round full-lipid adipocyte, whereas apolipoprotein E-containing lipoproteins can. This article mainly reviews the modulation of apolipoprotein E synthesized by adipocyte and apolipoprotein E carried on lipoproteins in adipocyte triglyceride content.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, #139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China.
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89
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Weight status and psychological distress in a Mediterranean Spanish population: a symmetric U-shaped relationship. Nutrients 2014; 6:1662-77. [PMID: 24763112 PMCID: PMC4011058 DOI: 10.3390/nu6041662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychological disorders in people with extreme weight (low weight or obesity) should be taken into consideration by health professionals in order to practice an effective treatment to these patients. This study evaluates the association between body mass index (BMI) and psychological distress in 563 inhabitants of Málaga (South of Spain). Participants were classified in four categories of BMI: Underweight (BMI <18.5 Kg/m2), Normal weight (BMI 18.5–24.99 Kg/m2), Overweight (BMI 25.0–29.99 Kg/m2) and Obesity (BMI >30 Kg/m2). Psychological distress was measured with the Spanish version of the Derogatis’ Symptoms Checklist Revised (SCL-90-R). We observed a symmetric U-shaped relationship between weight status and psychological distress in all SCL-90-R dimensions (p for quadratic trend <0.001) for both men and women. Participants with extreme weight showed the worst psychological status, and participants with normal weight exhibited the best. We found no statistically significant differences between underweight and obese participants in 9 of the 10 SCL-90-R dimensions analyzed among men, and in 8 of the 10 dimensions among women. Underweight and obese participants showed no gender differences in psychological distress levels. Psychological treatment of Mediterranean people with extreme weight, should consider underweight and obese patients at the same level of psychological distress.
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90
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Blashill AJ. A Dual Pathway Model of Steroid Use among Adolescent Boys: Results from a Nationally Representative Sample. PSYCHOLOGY OF MEN & MASCULINITY 2014; 15:229-233. [PMID: 25419187 DOI: 10.1037/a0032914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) use is associated with medical and psychiatric complications; however, despite the identification of psychosocial correlates of AAS use, comprehensive models have rarely been assessed. Thus, AAS use as a function of self-perceived weight status, victimization, and depressive symptoms was examined via simultaneous multiple mediation with non-parametric bootstrapping. Data from the 2009 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) was utilized. The target population consisted of all public, Catholic, and other private school students in grades 9 through 12 in the United States. The sample comprised 8,065 adolescent high school males. The global and individual indirect effects of self-perceived underweight status to AAS use through depressive symptoms and victimization were significant. However, the victimization pathway was revealed to be stronger in magnitude than the depressive pathway. Depressive symptoms and victimization are two pathways in which self-perceived underweight status predicts AAS use among adolescent boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J Blashill
- Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, 1 Bowdoin Square, 7 Floor, Boston, MA 02114, T: 617-643-2148, F: 617-726-7541
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91
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DeSmet A, Deforche B, Hublet A, Tanghe A, Stremersch E, De Bourdeaudhuij I. Traditional and cyberbullying victimization as correlates of psychosocial distress and barriers to a healthy lifestyle among severely obese adolescents--a matched case-control study on prevalence and results from a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2014; 14:224. [PMID: 24593118 PMCID: PMC3975929 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obese youth are at increased risk for peer victimization, which may heighten their risk of psychosocial problems and physical activity avoidance, and lower the effectiveness of professional and lifestyle weight-loss initiatives. Little is known about obese adolescents’ risk for victimization from cyber-bullying and how this relates to psychosocial functioning and healthy lifestyle barriers. The purpose of the study was to assess traditional and cyber-victimization among adolescents with severe obesity and its relation to psychosocial distress and barriers to healthy lifestyles. Methods A sample of 102 obese adolescents (mean age = 15.32 ±1.71) in residential treatment was matched with 102 normal-weight youngsters from the Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC) study (mean age = 15.30 ±1.73). Results Adolescents with obesity were significantly more often cyber-victimized than normal-weight peers. Obese youth victimized by traditional bullying experienced lower quality of life, lower motivation for physical activity and higher avoidance and emotional coping towards healthy lifestyles than those non-victimized. Obese cyber-victims experienced significantly higher suicidal ideation. Conclusions Traditional and cyber-victimization may hinder treatment effectiveness and healthy lifestyle change in adolescents with obesity. Health professionals should pro-actively address peer victimization and psychosocial functioning during multidisciplinary obesity treatment. Schools could contribute to a better physical and psychosocial health of obese youth by implementing multi-behavioral health-promotion programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann DeSmet
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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92
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Southerland J, Wang L, Richards K, Pack R, Slawson DL. Misperceptions of overweight: associations of weight misperception with health-related quality of life among normal-weight college students. Public Health Rep 2014; 128:562-8. [PMID: 24179270 DOI: 10.1177/003335491312800617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jodi Southerland
- Jodi Southerland was previously a Research Assistant and is now a Clinical Instructor in the Department of Community & Behavioral Health at the ETSU College of Public Health (COPH) in Johnson City, Tennessee. Liang Wang is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology at ETSU. Kasie Richards was a Research Assistant and is now an Adjunct Professor, Robert Pack is Associate Dean and Professor, and Deborah Slawson is Chair, Professor, and DrPH Coordinator, all in the Department of Community & Behavioral Health at the ETSU COPH
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93
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Byeon H. The Relationship between BMI, Weight Perception and Depression-like Symptoms in Korean Middle School Students. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.5762/kais.2013.14.12.6317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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94
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Wiedemann AA, Saules KK. The relationship between emotional eating and weight problem perception is not a function of body mass index or depression. Eat Behav 2013; 14:525-8. [PMID: 24183150 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2013.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Revised: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Weight problem perception (WPP) refers to the belief that one is overweight. Previous research suggests that WPP, even in the absence of actual overweight status, is associated with disordered eating, binge eating, and body image dissatisfaction. However, the relationship between emotional eating, BMI, and WPP has not yet been explored. This investigation recruited a total of 409 college students who completed a web-based survey. An additional 76 participants were recruited to complete an identical survey with the addition of a depression measure to evaluate the contribution of this potentially important covariate. As hypothesized, WPP was associated with emotional eating, while actual BMI was not. In the second sample, WPP remained significantly associated with emotional eating, even after depression was included as a covariate. Results suggest that non-overweight young adults who express the belief that they are overweight may be at risk for emotional eating, which, over the long term, could indeed adversely impact BMI. Cognitive approaches to address disordered eating may benefit from addressing WPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley A Wiedemann
- Eastern Michigan University, Psychology Department, Ypsilanti, MI, United States.
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95
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Deliopoulou K, Konsta A, Penna S, Papakostas P, Kotzampassi K. The impact of weight loss on depression status in obese individuals subjected to intragastric balloon treatment. Obes Surg 2013; 23:669-75. [PMID: 23299506 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-012-0855-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although depression is considered to be significantly related to morbid obesity disorder, no information exists on the evolution of depression status after weight loss, in particular when an intragastric balloon is used. This prospective 6-month study examines both the effect on depression status and the relation of weight loss to depression in morbidly obese patients treated by intragastric balloon. METHODS One hundred consecutive females fulfilling criteria for balloon treatment were assessed for depression and divided into two groups (65 depressed, 35 non-depressed). Obesity-related parameters were comparable. RESULTS During the treatment period, the depression status of the mildly, moderately, and severely depressed patients improved from 40, 32.3, and 27.7 % to 20, 7.7, and 1.5 %, respectively, with 70.8 % finally exhibiting no depression at all. During the same period, body weight, BMI, body fat, and excess weight loss (EWL) were comparable between all groups, the range of BMI affecting neither the depression score nor the reduction of obesity parameters. However, there was a significant [percentage of EWL >30] weight loss difference in favor of those who were less severely depressed initially. CONCLUSION The degree of weight loss observed in obese depressed females-being comparable to that achieved by non-depressed females-after intragastric balloon insertion was found to positively affect their depression status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyriaki Deliopoulou
- Department of Surgery, Aristotle's University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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96
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Preiss K, Brennan L, Clarke D. A systematic review of variables associated with the relationship between obesity and depression. Obes Rev 2013; 14:906-18. [PMID: 23809142 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Revised: 05/19/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is one of the leading causes of preventable diseases and disability worldwide, and depression is among the leading causes of burden of disease. Both disorders are increasingly prevalent and comorbid. This comorbidity compounds associated health. While there is consistent evidence of a bidirectional obesity depression relationship, little is known about the biopsychosocial variables associated with this relationship. A systematic review was undertaken to identify variables associated with the relationship between obesity (Body mass index > 30 kg m(-2) ) and depression. Forty-six studies were identified. Obesity, educational attainment, body image, binge eating, physical health, psychological characteristics and interpersonal effectiveness were consistently associated with the relationship between obesity and depression. The current review identified potential biopsychosocial variables associated with the relationship between obesity and depression. This knowledge can inform future research examining moderators, mediators and mechanisms of the relationship between obesity and depression. Improved understanding of this relationship will inform identification, prevention and intervention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Preiss
- School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences at Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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97
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Self-rated health and life satisfaction among Canadian adults: associations of perceived weight status versus BMI. Qual Life Res 2013; 22:2693-705. [DOI: 10.1007/s11136-013-0394-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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98
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Brandheim S, Rantakeisu U, Starrin B. BMI and psychological distress in 68,000 Swedish adults: a weak association when controlling for an age-gender combination. BMC Public Health 2013; 13:68. [PMID: 23347701 PMCID: PMC3564918 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Study results concerning associations between body mass index (BMI) and psychological distress are conflicting. The purpose of this study was to describe the shape of the association between BMI and psychological distress in a large sample of Swedish adults. Methods Data was measured with the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12), in 68,311 adults aged 18–74. Self-reported data was derived from a merger of the 2000, 2004 and 2008 Life and Health (Liv och Hälsa) questionnaires focusing general perceived distress as well as living conditions. Logistic regression analysis was used to describe the association between BMI and psychological distress when controlled for age and gender in combination. Results Women reported an overall higher psychological distress than men. A significant pattern of decreasing psychological distress with increasing age emerged among women in all BMI categories. Trends of this same pattern showed for men. Small or no differences were seen in psychological distress between those in normal weight, overweight, and obesity I categories (among women: 20.4%, 18.4%, 20.5%; among men: 12.8%, 11.2%, 12.9%). For both genders, any notable increase in psychological distress appeared first in the obesity II category (among women: 27.2%. Among men: 17.8%). Conclusions Psychological distress decreases with increasing age regardless of BMI; a pattern more obvious for women. Being categorized with obesity II leads to a markedly higher psychological distress than being categorized with normal weight, overweight or obesity I. From this, we suggest that future obesity research focusing on psychological distress could investigate the role of stigma and norm susceptibility in relationships where people are evaluated through the eyes of the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Brandheim
- Department of Social and Psychological Studies, Karlstad University, Karlstad, SE 651 88, Sweden.
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Hidaka BH. Depression as a disease of modernity: explanations for increasing prevalence. J Affect Disord 2012; 140:205-14. [PMID: 22244375 PMCID: PMC3330161 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2011.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 339] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Revised: 11/22/2011] [Accepted: 12/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
There has been much speculation about modern environments causing an epidemic of depression. This review aims to (1) determine whether depression rates have increased and (2) review evidence for possible explanations. While available data indicate rising prevalence and an increased lifetime risk for younger cohorts, strong conclusions cannot be drawn due to conflicting results and methodological flaws. There are numerous potential explanations for changing rates of depression. Cross-cultural studies can be useful for identifying likely culprits. General and specific characteristics of modernization correlate with higher risk. A positive correlation between a country's GDP per capita, as a quantitative measure of modernization, and lifetime risk of a mood disorder trended toward significance (p=0.06). Mental and physical well-being are intimately related. The growing burden of chronic diseases, which arise from an evolutionary mismatch between past human environments and modern-day living, may be central to rising rates of depression. Declining social capital and greater inequality and loneliness are candidate mediators of a depressiogenic social milieu. Modern populations are increasingly overfed, malnourished, sedentary, sunlight-deficient, sleep-deprived, and socially-isolated. These changes in lifestyle each contribute to poor physical health and affect the incidence and treatment of depression. The review ends with a call for future research and policy interventions to address this public health crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon H Hidaka
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Westwood, KS 66205, USA.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether the prevalence of type 1 or 2 diabetes is rising among people with psychopathology is uncertain. This study investigates changes in the prevalence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes associated with psychopathology in the adult Australian population from 2001 to 2008. METHODS Data analysed were from 48,359 participants aged ≥25 years from the 2001, 2004-05 or 2007-08 National Health Surveys. Lifetime diagnosis of type 1 and type 2 diabetes was determined by self-report. Psychopathology status was determined with the 10-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (using scores ≥30), contemporaneous use of antidepressants or anti-anxiety medications, or both. RESULTS Overall, the prevalence of type 1 diabetes remained stable whereas the prevalence of type 2 diabetes increased by 36% between 2001 and 2008. On average, odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for type 1 and type 2 diabetes ranged from 1.43 (0.98, 2.10) to 2.44 (1.63, 3.64) and 1.32 (1.13, 1.53) to 1.67 (1.39, 2.02) for people with compared to those without psychopathology by any definition independent of socio-demographic covariates, consistently over the 8-year period. After further adjustments for lifestyle covariates, the strength of these odds ratios were attenuated and ranged from 1.32 (0.90, 1.95) to 2.24 (1.49, 3.36) and 1.16 (0.99,1.36) to 1.51 (1.24, 1.83) for type 1 and type 2 diabetes. LIMITATIONS Data were self-report from serial surveys. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes was consistently higher for people with psychopathology from 2001 to 2008. Clinicians should consider routinely screening patients with diabetes for psychopathology and vice versa, as well as lifestyle risk factors, to inform practice for more effective management and prevention planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Atlantis
- Family & Community Health Research Group, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Western Sydney, Penrith, NSW, Australia.
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