51
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Uemura A, Fruttiger M, D'Amore PA, De Falco S, Joussen AM, Sennlaub F, Brunck LR, Johnson KT, Lambrou GN, Rittenhouse KD, Langmann T. VEGFR1 signaling in retinal angiogenesis and microinflammation. Prog Retin Eye Res 2021; 84:100954. [PMID: 33640465 PMCID: PMC8385046 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2021.100954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Five vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) ligands (VEGF-A, -B, -C, -D, and placental growth factor [PlGF]) constitute the VEGF family. VEGF-A binds VEGF receptors 1 and 2 (VEGFR1/2), whereas VEGF-B and PlGF only bind VEGFR1. Although much research has been conducted on VEGFR2 to elucidate its key role in retinal diseases, recent efforts have shown the importance and involvement of VEGFR1 and its family of ligands in angiogenesis, vascular permeability, and microinflammatory cascades within the retina. Expression of VEGFR1 depends on the microenvironment, is differentially regulated under hypoxic and inflammatory conditions, and it has been detected in retinal and choroidal endothelial cells, pericytes, retinal and choroidal mononuclear phagocytes (including microglia), Müller cells, photoreceptor cells, and the retinal pigment epithelium. Whilst the VEGF-A decoy function of VEGFR1 is well established, consequences of its direct signaling are less clear. VEGFR1 activation can affect vascular permeability and induce macrophage and microglia production of proinflammatory and proangiogenic mediators. However the ability of the VEGFR1 ligands (VEGF-A, PlGF, and VEGF-B) to compete against each other for receptor binding and to heterodimerize complicates our understanding of the relative contribution of VEGFR1 signaling alone toward the pathologic processes seen in diabetic retinopathy, retinal vascular occlusions, retinopathy of prematurity, and age-related macular degeneration. Clinically, anti-VEGF drugs have proven transformational in these pathologies and their impact on modulation of VEGFR1 signaling is still an opportunity-rich field for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiyoshi Uemura
- Department of Retinal Vascular Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan.
| | - Marcus Fruttiger
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK.
| | - Patricia A D'Amore
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, 20 Staniford Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| | - Sandro De Falco
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso", Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy; ANBITION S.r.l., Via Manzoni 1, 80123, Naples, Italy.
| | - Antonia M Joussen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12200 Berlin, and Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Florian Sennlaub
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012, Paris, France.
| | - Lynne R Brunck
- Bayer Consumer Care AG, Pharmaceuticals, Peter-Merian-Strasse 84, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Kristian T Johnson
- Bayer Consumer Care AG, Pharmaceuticals, Peter-Merian-Strasse 84, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - George N Lambrou
- Bayer Consumer Care AG, Pharmaceuticals, Peter-Merian-Strasse 84, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Kay D Rittenhouse
- Bayer Consumer Care AG, Pharmaceuticals, Peter-Merian-Strasse 84, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Thomas Langmann
- Laboratory for Experimental Immunology of the Eye, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
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Christie SM, Hao J, Tracy E, Buck M, Yu JS, Smith AW. Interactions between semaphorins and plexin-neuropilin receptor complexes in the membranes of live cells. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:100965. [PMID: 34270956 PMCID: PMC8350011 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Signaling of semaphorin ligands via their plexin-neuropilin receptors is involved in tissue patterning in the developing embryo. These proteins play roles in cell migration and adhesion but are also important in disease etiology, including in cancer angiogenesis and metastasis. While some structures of the soluble domains of these receptors have been determined, the conformations of the full-length receptor complexes are just beginning to be elucidated, especially within the context of the plasma membrane. Pulsed-interleaved excitation fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy allows direct insight into the formation of protein-protein interactions in the membranes of live cells. Here, we investigated the homodimerization of neuropilin-1 (Nrp1), plexin A2, plexin A4, and plexin D1 using pulsed-interleaved excitation fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy. Consistent with previous studies, we found that Nrp1, plexin A2, and plexin A4 are present as dimers in the absence of exogenous ligand. Plexin D1, on the other hand, was monomeric under similar conditions, which had not been previously reported. We also found that plexin A2 and A4 assemble into a heteromeric complex. Stimulation with semaphorin 3A or semaphorin 3C neither disrupts nor enhances the dimerization of the receptors when expressed alone, suggesting that activation involves a conformational change rather than a shift in the monomer-dimer equilibrium. However, upon stimulation with semaphorin 3C, plexin D1 and Nrp1 form a heteromeric complex. This analysis of interactions provides a complementary approach to the existing structural and biochemical data that will aid in the development of new therapeutic strategies to target these receptors in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jing Hao
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Erin Tracy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio, USA
| | - Matthias Buck
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jennifer S Yu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Adam W Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio, USA.
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53
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Douyère M, Chastagner P, Boura C. Neuropilin-1: A Key Protein to Consider in the Progression of Pediatric Brain Tumors. Front Oncol 2021; 11:665634. [PMID: 34277411 PMCID: PMC8281001 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.665634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropilins are transmembrane glycoproteins that play important roles in cardiovascular and neuronal development, as well as in immunological system regulations. NRP1 functions as a co-receptor, binding numerous ligands, such as SEMA 3 or VEGF and, by doing so, reinforcing their signaling pathways and can also interface with the cytoplasmic protein synectin. NRP1 is expressed in many cancers, such as brain cancers, and is associated with poor prognosis. The challenge today for patients with pediatric brain tumors is to improve their survival rate while minimizing the toxicity of current treatments. The aim of this review is to highlight the involvement of NRP1 in pediatric brain cancers, focusing essentially on the roles of NRP1 in cancer stem cells and in the regulation of the immune system. For this purpose, recent literature and tumor databases were analyzed to show correlations between NRP1 and CD15 (a stem cancer cells marker), and between NRP1 and PDL1, for various pediatric brain tumors, such as high- and low-grade gliomas, medulloblastomas, and ependymomas. Finally, this review suggests a relevant role for NRP1 in pediatric brain tumors progression and identifies it as a potential diagnostic or therapeutic target to improve survival and life quality of these young patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pascal Chastagner
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, CRAN, Nancy, France.,Service d'Onco-Hématologie Pédiatrique, CHRU-Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Cédric Boura
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, CRAN, Nancy, France
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54
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Lowe V, Wisniewski L, Pellet-Many C. The Zebrafish Cardiac Endothelial Cell-Roles in Development and Regeneration. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2021; 8:jcdd8050049. [PMID: 34062899 PMCID: PMC8147271 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd8050049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In zebrafish, the spatiotemporal development of the vascular system is well described due to its stereotypical nature. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms orchestrating post-embryonic vascular development, the maintenance of vascular homeostasis, or how coronary vessels integrate into the growing heart are less well studied. In the context of cardiac regeneration, the central cellular mechanism by which the heart regenerates a fully functional myocardium relies on the proliferation of pre-existing cardiomyocytes; the epicardium and the endocardium are also known to play key roles in the regenerative process. Remarkably, revascularisation of the injured tissue occurs within a few hours after cardiac damage, thus generating a vascular network acting as a scaffold for the regenerating myocardium. The activation of the endocardium leads to the secretion of cytokines, further supporting the proliferation of the cardiomyocytes. Although epicardium, endocardium, and myocardium interact with each other to orchestrate heart development and regeneration, in this review, we focus on recent advances in the understanding of the development of the endocardium and the coronary vasculature in zebrafish as well as their pivotal roles in the heart regeneration process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Lowe
- Heart Centre, Barts & The London School of Medicine, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK;
| | - Laura Wisniewski
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK;
| | - Caroline Pellet-Many
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, 4 Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK
- Correspondence:
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55
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Neuropilin 1 Regulation of Vascular Permeability Signaling. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11050666. [PMID: 33947161 PMCID: PMC8146136 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The vascular endothelium acts as a selective barrier to regulate macromolecule exchange between the blood and tissues. However, the integrity of the endothelium barrier is compromised in an array of pathological settings, including ischemic disease and cancer, which are the leading causes of death worldwide. The resulting vascular hyperpermeability to plasma molecules as well as leukocytes then leads to tissue damaging edema formation and inflammation. The vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) is a potent permeability factor, and therefore a desirable target for impeding vascular hyperpermeability. However, VEGFA also promotes angiogenesis, the growth of new blood vessels, which is required for reperfusion of ischemic tissues. Moreover, edema increases interstitial pressure in poorly perfused tumors, thereby affecting the delivery of therapeutics, which could be counteracted by stimulating the growth of new functional blood vessels. Thus, targets must be identified to accurately modulate the barrier function of blood vessels without affecting angiogenesis, as well as to develop more effective pro- or anti-angiogenic therapies. Recent studies have shown that the VEGFA co-receptor neuropilin 1 (NRP1) could be playing a fundamental role in steering VEGFA-induced responses of vascular endothelial cells towards angiogenesis or vascular permeability. Moreover, NRP1 is involved in mediating permeability signals induced by ligands other than VEGFA. This review therefore focuses on current knowledge on the role of NRP1 in the regulation of vascular permeability signaling in the endothelium to provide an up-to-date landscape of the current knowledge in this field.
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56
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Rachner TD, Kasimir-Bauer S, Goebel A, Erdmann K, Hoffmann O, Rauner M, Hofbauer LC, Kimmig R, Bittner AK. Soluble Neuropilin-1 is an independent marker of poor prognosis in early breast cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 147:2233-2238. [PMID: 33884469 PMCID: PMC8236462 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03635-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) is a transmembrane protein that acts as a multifunctional non-tyrosine kinase receptor with an established role in development and immunity. NRP-1 also regulates tumor biology, and high expression levels of tissue NRP-1 have been associated with a poor prognosis. Recently, ELISA-based quantification of soluble NRP-1 (sNRP-1) has become available, but little is known about the prognostic value of sNRP-1 in malignancies. Materials and methods We measured sNRP-1 in the serum of 509 patients with primary early breast cancer (BC) at the time of diagnosis using ELISA. Results Mean serum values of sNRP-1 were 1.88 ± 0.52 nmol/l (= 130.83 ± 36.24 ng/ml). SNRP-1 levels weakly correlated with age, and were higher in peri- and postmenopausal patients compared to premenopausal patients, respectively (p < 0.0001). Low levels of sNRP-1 were associated with a significant survival benefit compared to high sNRP-1 levels at baseline (p = 0.005; HR 1.94; 95%CI 1.23–3.06). These findings remained significant after adjustment for tumor stage including lymph node involvement, grading, hormone receptor, HER2 status, and age (p = 0.022; HR 1.78; 95%CI 1.09–2.91). Conclusion Our findings warrant further investigations into the prognostic and therapeutic potential of sNRP-1 in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilman D Rachner
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, TU Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany. .,Center for Healthy Ageing, Department of Medicine III, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Sabine Kasimir-Bauer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Andy Goebel
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, TU Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.,Center for Healthy Ageing, Department of Medicine III, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Urology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kati Erdmann
- Department of Urology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany
| | - Oliver Hoffmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Martina Rauner
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, TU Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.,Center for Healthy Ageing, Department of Medicine III, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Urology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lorenz C Hofbauer
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, TU Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.,Center for Healthy Ageing, Department of Medicine III, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Urology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Rainer Kimmig
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Bittner
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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57
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Perez-Miller S, Patek M, Moutal A, de Haro PD, Cabel CR, Thorne CA, Campos SK, Khanna R. Novel Compounds Targeting Neuropilin Receptor 1 with Potential To Interfere with SARS-CoV-2 Virus Entry. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:1299-1312. [PMID: 33787218 PMCID: PMC8029449 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) is a multifunctional transmembrane receptor for ligands that affect developmental axonal growth and angiogenesis. In addition to a role in cancer, NRP-1 is a reported entry point for several viruses, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causal agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The furin cleavage product of SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein takes advantage of the vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) binding site on NRP-1 which accommodates a polybasic stretch ending in a C-terminal arginine. This site has long been a focus of drug discovery efforts for cancer therapeutics. We recently showed that interruption of the VEGF-A/NRP-1 signaling pathway ameliorates neuropathic pain and hypothesize that interference of this pathway by SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein interferes with pain signaling. Here, we report confirmed hits from a small molecule and natural product screen of nearly 0.5 million compounds targeting the VEGF-A binding site on NRP-1. We identified nine chemical series with lead- or drug-like physicochemical properties. Using ELISA, we demonstrate that six compounds disrupt VEGF-A-NRP-1 binding more effectively than EG00229, a known NRP-1 inhibitor. Secondary validation in cells revealed that all tested compounds inhibited VEGF-A triggered VEGFR2 phosphorylation. Further, two compounds displayed robust inhibition of a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus protein that utilizes the SARS-CoV-2 Spike for entry and fusion. These compounds represent a first step in a renewed effort to develop small molecule inhibitors of the VEGF-A/NRP-1 signaling for the treatment of neuropathic pain and cancer with the added potential of inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 virus entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Perez-Miller
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- The Center for Innovation in Brain Sciences, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Marcel Patek
- Bright Rock Path Consulting, LLC, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Aubin Moutal
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Paz Duran de Haro
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Carly R. Cabel
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona
- Cancer Biology Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona
| | - Curtis A. Thorne
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona
- Cancer Biology Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona
- Bio5 Institute, University of Arizona
| | - Samuel K. Campos
- Cancer Biology Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona
- Bio5 Institute, University of Arizona
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona
| | - Rajesh Khanna
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- The Center for Innovation in Brain Sciences, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Regulonix LLC, Tucson, AZ, USA
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58
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Sherafat A, Pfeiffer F, Reiss AM, Wood WM, Nishiyama A. Microglial neuropilin-1 promotes oligodendrocyte expansion during development and remyelination by trans-activating platelet-derived growth factor receptor. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2265. [PMID: 33859199 PMCID: PMC8050320 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22532-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Nerve-glia (NG2) glia or oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are distributed throughout the gray and white matter and generate myelinating cells. OPCs in white matter proliferate more than those in gray matter in response to platelet-derived growth factor AA (PDGF AA), despite similar levels of its alpha receptor (PDGFRα) on their surface. Here we show that the type 1 integral membrane protein neuropilin-1 (Nrp1) is expressed not on OPCs but on amoeboid and activated microglia in white but not gray matter in an age- and activity-dependent manner. Microglia-specific deletion of Nrp1 compromised developmental OPC proliferation in white matter as well as OPC expansion and subsequent myelin repair after acute demyelination. Exogenous Nrp1 increased PDGF AA-induced OPC proliferation and PDGFRα phosphorylation on dissociated OPCs, most prominently in the presence of suboptimum concentrations of PDGF AA. These findings uncover a mechanism of regulating oligodendrocyte lineage cell density that involves trans-activation of PDGFRα on OPCs via Nrp1 expressed by adjacent microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Sherafat
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Friederike Pfeiffer
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alexander M Reiss
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - William M Wood
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Akiko Nishiyama
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
- Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
- The Connecticut Institute for the Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
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59
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Valentini E, Di Martile M, Del Bufalo D, D'Aguanno S. SEMAPHORINS and their receptors: focus on the crosstalk between melanoma and hypoxia. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:131. [PMID: 33858502 PMCID: PMC8050914 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01929-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia, a condition of oxygen deprivation, is considered a hallmark of tumor microenvironment regulating several pathways and promoting cancer progression and resistance to therapy. Semaphorins, a family of about 20 secreted, transmembrane and GPI-linked glycoproteins, and their cognate receptors (plexins and neuropilins) play a pivotal role in the crosstalk between cancer and stromal cells present in the tumor microenvironment. Many studies reported that some semaphorins are involved in the development of a permissive tumor niche, guiding cell-cell communication and, consequently, the development and progression, as well as the response to therapy, of different cancer histotypes, including melanoma. In this review we will summarize the state of art of semaphorins regulation by hypoxic condition in cancer with different origin. We will also describe evidence about the ability of semaphorins to affect the expression and activity of transcription factors activated by hypoxia, such as hypoxia-inducible factor-1. Finally, we will focus our attention on findings reporting the role of semaphorins in melanocytes transformation, melanoma progression and response to therapy. Further studies are necessary to understand the mechanisms through which semaphorins induce their effect and to shed light on the possibility to use semaphorins or their cognate receptors as prognostic markers and/or therapeutic targets in melanoma or other malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Valentini
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Via Chianesi 53 (00144), Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Di Martile
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Via Chianesi 53 (00144), Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella Del Bufalo
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Via Chianesi 53 (00144), Rome, Italy.
| | - Simona D'Aguanno
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Via Chianesi 53 (00144), Rome, Italy
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Khodabakhsh F, Merikhian P, Eisavand MR, Farahmand L. Crosstalk between MUC1 and VEGF in angiogenesis and metastasis: a review highlighting roles of the MUC1 with an emphasis on metastatic and angiogenic signaling. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:200. [PMID: 33836774 PMCID: PMC8033681 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01899-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
VEGF and its receptor family (VEGFR) members have unique signaling transduction system that play significant roles in most pathological processes, such as angiogenesis in tumor growth and metastasis. VEGF-VEGFR complex is a highly specific mitogen for endothelial cells and any de-regulation of the angiogenic balance implicates directly in endothelial cell proliferation and migration. Moreover, it has been shown that overexpressing Mucin 1 (MUC1) on the surface of many tumor cells resulting in upregulation of numerous signaling transduction cascades, such as growth and survival signaling pathways related to RTKs, loss of cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion, and EMT. It promotes gene transcription of pro-angiogenic proteins such as HIF-1α during periods of oxygen scarcity (hypoxia) to enhance tumor growth and angiogenesis stimulation. In contrast, the cytoplasmic domain of MUC1 (MUC1-C) inhibits apoptosis, which in turn, impresses upon cell fate. Besides, it has been established that reduction in VEGF expression level correlated with silencing MUC1-C level indicating the anti-angiogenic effect of MUC1 downregulation. This review enumerates the role of MUC1-C oncoprotein and VEGF in angiogenesis and metastasis and describes several signaling pathways by which MUC1-C would mediate the pro-angiogenic activities of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Khodabakhsh
- Department of Genetics and Advanced Medical Technology, Medical Biotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parnaz Merikhian
- Recombinant Proteins Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, No. 146, South Gandhi Ave., Vanak Sq., Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Eisavand
- Recombinant Proteins Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, No. 146, South Gandhi Ave., Vanak Sq., Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Farahmand
- Recombinant Proteins Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, No. 146, South Gandhi Ave., Vanak Sq., Tehran, Iran.
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Baranyai Z, Biri-Kovács B, Krátký M, Szeder B, Debreczeni ML, Budai J, Kovács B, Horváth L, Pári E, Németh Z, Cervenak L, Zsila F, Méhes E, Kiss É, Vinšová J, Bősze S. Cellular Internalization and Inhibition Capacity of New Anti-Glioma Peptide Conjugates: Physicochemical Characterization and Evaluation on Various Monolayer- and 3D-Spheroid-Based in Vitro Platforms. J Med Chem 2021; 64:2982-3005. [PMID: 33719423 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Most therapeutic agents used for treating brain malignancies face hindered transport through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and poor tissue penetration. To overcome these problems, we developed peptide conjugates of conventional and experimental anticancer agents. SynB3 cell-penetrating peptide derivatives were applied that can cross the BBB. Tuftsin derivatives were used to target the neuropilin-1 transport system for selectivity and better tumor penetration. Moreover, SynB3-tuftsin tandem compounds were synthesized to combine the beneficial properties of these peptides. Most of the conjugates showed high and selective efficacy against glioblastoma cells. SynB3 and tandem derivatives demonstrated superior cellular internalization. The penetration profile of the conjugates was determined on a lipid monolayer and Transwell co-culture system with noncontact HUVEC-U87 monolayers as simple ex vivo and in vitro BBB models. Importantly, in 3D spheroids, daunomycin-peptide conjugates possessed a better tumor penetration ability than daunomycin. These conjugates are promising tools for the delivery systems with tunable features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsa Baranyai
- Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter Sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beáta Biri-Kovács
- Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter Sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.,Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter Sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Martin Krátký
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Bálint Szeder
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudósok Körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Márta L Debreczeni
- 3rd Department of Medicine Research Laboratory, Semmelweis University, Kútvölgyi út 4, H-1125 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Johanna Budai
- Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter Sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bence Kovács
- Centre for Ecological Research, Institute of Ecology and Botany, Alkotmány u. 2-4, H-2163 Vácrátót, Hungary
| | - Lilla Horváth
- Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter Sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edit Pári
- Laboratory of Interfaces and Nanostructures, Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter Sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Németh
- 3rd Department of Medicine Research Laboratory, Semmelweis University, Kútvölgyi út 4, H-1125 Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Cervenak
- 3rd Department of Medicine Research Laboratory, Semmelweis University, Kútvölgyi út 4, H-1125 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Zsila
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudósok Körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Előd Méhes
- Department of Biological Physics, Institute of Physics, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter Sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Kiss
- Laboratory of Interfaces and Nanostructures, Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter Sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jarmila Vinšová
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Szilvia Bősze
- Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter Sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
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Paul MD, Rainwater R, Zuo Y, Gu L, Hristova K. Probing Membrane Protein Association Using Concentration‐Dependent Number and Brightness. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael D. Paul
- Program in Molecular Biophysics Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD 21218 USA
| | - Randall Rainwater
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute for NanoBioTechnology Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD 21218 USA
| | - Yi Zuo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute for NanoBioTechnology Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD 21218 USA
| | - Luo Gu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute for NanoBioTechnology Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD 21218 USA
| | - Kalina Hristova
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute for NanoBioTechnology Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD 21218 USA
- Program in Molecular Biophysics Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD 21218 USA
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63
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Paul MD, Rainwater R, Zuo Y, Gu L, Hristova K. Probing Membrane Protein Association Using Concentration-Dependent Number and Brightness. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:6503-6508. [PMID: 33351993 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We introduce concentration-dependent number and brightness (cdN&B), a fluorescence fluctuation technique that can be implemented on a standard confocal microscope and can report on the thermodynamics of membrane protein association in the native plasma membrane. It uses transient transfection to enable measurements of oligomer size as a function of receptor concentration over a broad range, yielding the association constant. We discuss artifacts in cdN&B that are concentration-dependent and can distort the oligomerization curves, and we outline procedures that can correct for them. Using cdN&B, we characterize the association of neuropilin 1 (NRP1), a protein that plays a critical role in the development of the embryonic cardiovascular and nervous systems. We show that NRP1 associates into a tetramer in a concentration-dependent manner, and we quantify the strength of the association. This work demonstrates the utility of cdN&B as a powerful tool in biophysical chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Paul
- Program in Molecular Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Randall Rainwater
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Yi Zuo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Luo Gu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Kalina Hristova
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.,Program in Molecular Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
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64
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Mone P, Gambardella J, Wang X, Jankauskas SS, Matarese A, Santulli G. miR-24 targets SARS-CoV-2 co-factor Neuropilin-1 in human brain microvascular endothelial cells: Insights for COVID-19 neurological manifestations. RESEARCH SQUARE 2021:rs.3.rs-192099. [PMID: 33564755 PMCID: PMC7872362 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-192099/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neuropilin-1 is a transmembrane glycoprotein that has been implicated in several processes including angiogenesis and immunity. Recent evidence has also shown that it is implied in the cellular internalization of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), which causes the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We hypothesized that specific microRNAs can target Neuropilin-1. By combining bioinformatic and functional approaches, we identified miR-24 as a regulator of Neuropilin-1 transcription. Since Neuropilin-1 has been shown to play a key role in the endothelium-mediated regulation of the blood-brain barrier, we validated miR-24 as a functional modulator of Neuropilin-1 in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (hBMECs), which are the most suitable cell line for an in vitro bloodâ€"brain barrier model.
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65
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Mone P, Gambardella J, Wang X, Jankauskas SS, Matarese A, Santulli G. miR-24 Targets the Transmembrane Glycoprotein Neuropilin-1 in Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells. Noncoding RNA 2021; 7:9. [PMID: 33540664 PMCID: PMC7931075 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna7010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropilin-1 is a transmembrane glycoprotein that has been implicated in several processes including angiogenesis and immunity. Recent evidence has also shown that it is implied in the cellular internalization of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), which causes the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We hypothesized that specific microRNAs can target Neuropilin-1. By combining bioinformatic and functional approaches, we identified miR-24 as a regulator of Neuropilin-1 transcription. Since Neuropilin-1 has been shown to play a key role in the endothelium-mediated regulation of the blood-brain barrier, we validated miR-24 as a functional modulator of Neuropilin-1 in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (hBMECs), which are the most suitable cell line for an in vitro blood-brain barrier model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Mone
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; (P.M.); (J.G.); (X.W.); (S.S.J.)
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Jessica Gambardella
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; (P.M.); (J.G.); (X.W.); (S.S.J.)
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Science, “Federico II” University, and International Translational Research and Medical Education (ITME), 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Xujun Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; (P.M.); (J.G.); (X.W.); (S.S.J.)
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Stanislovas S. Jankauskas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; (P.M.); (J.G.); (X.W.); (S.S.J.)
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | | | - Gaetano Santulli
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; (P.M.); (J.G.); (X.W.); (S.S.J.)
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Science, “Federico II” University, and International Translational Research and Medical Education (ITME), 80131 Naples, Italy
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66
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Zhang J, Ten Dijke P, Wuhrer M, Zhang T. Role of glycosylation in TGF-β signaling and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in cancer. Protein Cell 2021; 12:89-106. [PMID: 32583064 PMCID: PMC7862465 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-020-00741-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation is a common posttranslational modification on membrane-associated and secreted proteins that is of pivotal importance for regulating cell functions. Aberrant glycosylation can lead to uncontrolled cell proliferation, cell-matrix interactions, migration and differentiation, and has been shown to be involved in cancer and other diseases. The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition is a key step in the metastatic process by which cancer cells gain the ability to invade tissues and extravasate into the bloodstream. This cellular transformation process, which is associated by morphological change, loss of epithelial traits and gain of mesenchymal markers, is triggered by the secreted cytokine transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). TGF-β bioactivity is carefully regulated, and its effects on cells are mediated by its receptors on the cell surface. In this review, we first provide a brief overview of major types of glycans, namely, N-glycans, O-glycans, glycosphingolipids and glycosaminoglycans that are involved in cancer progression. Thereafter, we summarize studies on how the glycosylation of TGF-β signaling components regulates TGF-β secretion, bioavailability and TGF-β receptor function. Then, we review glycosylation changes associated with TGF-β-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in cancer. Identifying and understanding the mechanisms by which glycosylation affects TGF-β signaling and downstream biological responses will facilitate the identification of glycans as biomarkers and enable novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Oncode Institute and Cell Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Ten Dijke
- Oncode Institute and Cell Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tao Zhang
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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67
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Puszko AK, Sosnowski P, Rignault-Bricard R, Hermine O, Hopfgartner G, Pułka-Ziach K, Lepelletier Y, Misicka A. Urea-Peptide Hybrids as VEGF-A 165/NRP-1 Complex Inhibitors with Improved Receptor Affinity and Biological Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010072. [PMID: 33374715 PMCID: PMC7793531 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1), the major co-receptor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2), may also independently act with VEGF-A165 to stimulate tumour growth and metastasis. Therefore, there is great interest in compounds that can block VEGF-A165/NRP-1 interaction. Peptidomimetic type inhibitors represent a promising strategy in the treatment of NRP-1-related disorders. Here, we present the synthesis, affinity, enzymatic stability, molecular modeling and in vitro binding evaluation of the branched urea–peptide hybrids, based on our previously reported Lys(hArg)-Dab-Oic-Arg active sequence, where the Lys(hArg) branching has been modified by introducing urea units to replace the peptide bond at various positions. One of the resulting hybrids increased the affinity of the compound for NRP-1 more than 10-fold, while simultaneously improving resistance for proteolytic stability in serum. In addition, ligand binding to NRP-1 induced rapid protein stock exocytotic trafficking to the plasma membrane in breast cancer cells. Examined properties characterize this compound as a good candidate for further development of VEGF165/NRP-1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K. Puszko
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: (A.K.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Piotr Sosnowski
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (P.S.); (G.H.)
| | - Rachel Rignault-Bricard
- Imagine Institute, Université de Paris, 24 boulevard Montparnasse, 75015 Paris, France; (R.R.-B.); (O.H.); (Y.L.)
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Basis of Normal Hematopoiesis and Hematological Disorders: Therapeutical Implications, 24 Boulevard Montparnasse, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Olivier Hermine
- Imagine Institute, Université de Paris, 24 boulevard Montparnasse, 75015 Paris, France; (R.R.-B.); (O.H.); (Y.L.)
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Basis of Normal Hematopoiesis and Hematological Disorders: Therapeutical Implications, 24 Boulevard Montparnasse, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Gérard Hopfgartner
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (P.S.); (G.H.)
| | | | - Yves Lepelletier
- Imagine Institute, Université de Paris, 24 boulevard Montparnasse, 75015 Paris, France; (R.R.-B.); (O.H.); (Y.L.)
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Basis of Normal Hematopoiesis and Hematological Disorders: Therapeutical Implications, 24 Boulevard Montparnasse, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Aleksandra Misicka
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland;
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.K.P.); (A.M.)
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68
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De Vlaeminck Y, Bonelli S, Awad RM, Dewilde M, Rizzolio S, Lecocq Q, Bolli E, Santos AR, Laoui D, Schoonooghe S, Tamagnone L, Goyvaerts C, Mazzone M, Breckpot K, Van Ginderachter JA. Targeting Neuropilin-1 with Nanobodies Reduces Colorectal Carcinoma Development. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123582. [PMID: 33266104 PMCID: PMC7760077 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Neuropilin-1 is a co-receptor for semaphorins and vascular endothelial growth factor family members. Neuropilin-1 can be expressed on tumor cells, tumor-infiltrating myeloid and lymphoid cells and has been linked to a tumor-promoting environment. We investigated nanobodies (Nbs) targeting neuropilin-1 for their potential to hamper colorectal carcinoma development in mice. Our data suggest that targeting neuropilin-1 in cancer using neuropilin-1 blocking Nbs delays tumor growth and extends the survival through a shift in the anti-tumor macrophage/pro-tumor macrophage ratio and activation of colorectal cancer-specific CD8+ T cells. These findings provide a rationale for the further development of Nbs targeting human neuropilin-1 and bringing them from the bench to the bedside. Abstract Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) is a co-receptor for semaphorins and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family members that can be expressed on cancer cells and tumor-infiltrating myeloid, endothelial and lymphoid cells. It has been linked to a tumor-promoting environment upon interaction with semaphorin 3A (Sema3A). Nanobodies (Nbs) targeting NRP-1 were generated for their potential to hamper the NRP-1/Sema3A interaction and their impact on colorectal carcinoma (CRC) development was evaluated in vivo through the generation of anti-NRP-1-producing CRC cells. We observed that tumor growth was significantly delayed and survival prolonged when the anti-NRP-1 Nbs were produced in vivo. We further analyzed the tumor microenvironment and observed that the pro-inflammatory MHC-IIhigh/trophic MHC-IIlow macrophage ratio was increased in tumors that produce anti-NRP-1 Nbs. This finding was corroborated by an increase in the expression of genes associated with MHC-IIhigh macrophages and a decrease in the expression of MHC-IIlow macrophage-associated genes in the macrophage pool sorted from anti-NRP-1 Nb-producing tumors. Moreover, we observed a significantly higher percentage of tumor-associated antigen-specific CD8+ T cells in tumors producing anti-NRP-1 Nbs. These data demonstrate that an intratumoral expression of NRP-1/Sema3A blocking biologicals increases anti-tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick De Vlaeminck
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (Y.D.V.); (R.M.A.); (Q.L.); (C.G.)
| | - Stefano Bonelli
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1040 Brussels, Belgium; (S.B.); (E.B.); (D.L.); (S.S.)
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 1040 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Robin Maximilian Awad
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (Y.D.V.); (R.M.A.); (Q.L.); (C.G.)
| | - Maarten Dewilde
- VIB Discovery Sciences, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (M.D.); (A.R.S.)
| | | | - Quentin Lecocq
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (Y.D.V.); (R.M.A.); (Q.L.); (C.G.)
| | - Evangelia Bolli
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1040 Brussels, Belgium; (S.B.); (E.B.); (D.L.); (S.S.)
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 1040 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ana Rita Santos
- VIB Discovery Sciences, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (M.D.); (A.R.S.)
| | - Damya Laoui
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1040 Brussels, Belgium; (S.B.); (E.B.); (D.L.); (S.S.)
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 1040 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Steve Schoonooghe
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1040 Brussels, Belgium; (S.B.); (E.B.); (D.L.); (S.S.)
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 1040 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luca Tamagnone
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00100 Rome, Italy;
- Department of Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli”, IRCCS, 00100 Rome, Italy
| | - Cleo Goyvaerts
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (Y.D.V.); (R.M.A.); (Q.L.); (C.G.)
| | - Massimiliano Mazzone
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karine Breckpot
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (Y.D.V.); (R.M.A.); (Q.L.); (C.G.)
- Correspondence: (K.B.); (J.A.V.G.)
| | - Jo A. Van Ginderachter
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1040 Brussels, Belgium; (S.B.); (E.B.); (D.L.); (S.S.)
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 1040 Brussels, Belgium
- Correspondence: (K.B.); (J.A.V.G.)
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Orwoll ES, Wiedrick J, Nielson CM, Jacobs J, Baker ES, Piehowski P, Petyuk V, Gao Y, Shi T, Smith RD, Bauer DC, Cummings SR, Lapidus J. Proteomic assessment of serum biomarkers of longevity in older men. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13253. [PMID: 33078901 PMCID: PMC7681066 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological bases of longevity are not well understood, and there are limited biomarkers for the prediction of long life. We used a high-throughput, discovery-based proteomics approach to identify serum peptides and proteins that were associated with the attainment of longevity in a longitudinal study of community-dwelling men age ≥65 years. Baseline serum in 1196 men were analyzed using liquid chromatography-ion mobility-mass spectrometry, and lifespan was determined during ~12 years of follow-up. Men who achieved longevity (≥90% expected survival) were compared to those who died earlier. Rigorous statistical methods that controlled for false positivity were utilized to identify 25 proteins that were associated with longevity. All these proteins were in lower abundance in long-lived men and included a variety involved in inflammation or complement activation. Lower levels of longevity-associated proteins were also associated with better health status, but as time to death shortened, levels of these proteins increased. Pathway analyses implicated a number of compounds as important upstream regulators of the proteins and implicated shared networks that underlie the observed associations with longevity. Overall, these results suggest that complex pathways, prominently including inflammation, are linked to the likelihood of attaining longevity. This work may serve to identify novel biomarkers for longevity and to understand the biology underlying lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jon Jacobs
- Biological Science Division Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA USA
| | - Erin S. Baker
- Department of Chemistry North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA
| | - Paul Piehowski
- Biological Science Division Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA USA
| | - Vladislav Petyuk
- Biological Science Division Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA USA
| | - Yuqian Gao
- Biological Science Division Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA USA
| | - Tujin Shi
- Biological Science Division Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA USA
| | - Richard D. Smith
- Biological Science Division Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA USA
| | - Douglas C. Bauer
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology & Biostatistics University of California San Francisco CA USA
| | - Steven R. Cummings
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute San Francisco CA USA
| | - Jodi Lapidus
- Oregon Health & Science University Portland OR USA
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Baranyai Z, Soria‐Carrera H, Alleva M, Millán‐Placer AC, Lucía A, Martín‐Rapún R, Aínsa JA, la Fuente JM. Nanotechnology‐Based Targeted Drug Delivery: An Emerging Tool to Overcome Tuberculosis. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsa Baranyai
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA) CSIC–Universidad de Zaragoza C/ Mariano Esquillor s/n Zaragoza 50018 Spain
| | - Héctor Soria‐Carrera
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA) CSIC–Universidad de Zaragoza C/ Mariano Esquillor s/n Zaragoza 50018 Spain
- Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER‐BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III CIBER de Bioingeniería Madrid 28029 Spain
| | - Maria Alleva
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA) CSIC–Universidad de Zaragoza C/ Mariano Esquillor s/n Zaragoza 50018 Spain
| | - Ana C. Millán‐Placer
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Zaragoza C/ Domingo Miral s/n Zaragoza 50009 Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS‐Aragón) Zaragoza 50009 Spain
| | - Ainhoa Lucía
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Zaragoza C/ Domingo Miral s/n Zaragoza 50009 Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS‐Aragón) Zaragoza 50009 Spain
- Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos (BIFI) Universidad de Zaragoza C/ Mariano Esquillor s/n Zaragoza 50018 Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid 28029 Spain
| | - Rafael Martín‐Rapún
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA) CSIC–Universidad de Zaragoza C/ Mariano Esquillor s/n Zaragoza 50018 Spain
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50009 Spain
- Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER‐BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III CIBER de Bioingeniería Madrid 28029 Spain
| | - José A. Aínsa
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Zaragoza C/ Domingo Miral s/n Zaragoza 50009 Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS‐Aragón) Zaragoza 50009 Spain
- Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos (BIFI) Universidad de Zaragoza C/ Mariano Esquillor s/n Zaragoza 50018 Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid 28029 Spain
| | - Jesús M. la Fuente
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA) CSIC–Universidad de Zaragoza C/ Mariano Esquillor s/n Zaragoza 50018 Spain
- Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER‐BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III CIBER de Bioingeniería Madrid 28029 Spain
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71
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Reelin-Nrp1 Interaction Regulates Neocortical Dendrite Development in a Context-Specific Manner. J Neurosci 2020; 40:8248-8261. [PMID: 33009002 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1907-20.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Reelin plays versatile roles in neocortical development. The C-terminal region (CTR) of Reelin is required for the correct formation of the superficial structure of the neocortex; however, the mechanisms by which this position-specific effect occurs remain largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that Reelin with an intact CTR binds to neuropilin-1 (Nrp1), a transmembrane protein. Both male and female mice were used. Nrp1 is localized with very-low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR), a canonical Reelin receptor, in the superficial layers of the developing neocortex. It forms a complex with VLDLR, and this interaction is modulated by the alternative splicing of VLDLR. Reelin with an intact CTR binds more strongly to the VLDLR/Nrp1 complex than to VLDLR alone. Knockdown of Nrp1 in neurons leads to the accumulation of Dab1 protein. Since the degradation of Dab1 is induced by Reelin signaling, it is suggested that Nrp1 augments Reelin signaling. The interaction between Reelin and Nrp1 is required for normal dendritic development in superficial-layer neurons. All of these characteristics of Reelin are abrogated by proteolytic processing of the six C-terminal amino acid residues of Reelin (0.17% of the whole protein). Therefore, Nrp1 is a coreceptor molecule for Reelin and, together with the proteolytic processing of Reelin, can account for context-specific Reelin function in brain development.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Reelin often exhibits a context-dependent function during brain development; however, its underlying mechanism is not well understood. We found that neuropilin-1 (Nrp1) specifically binds to the CTR of Reelin and acts as a coreceptor for very-low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR). The Nrp1/VLDLR complex is localized in the superficial layers of the neocortex, and its interaction with Reelin is essential for proper dendritic development in superficial-layer neurons. This study provides the first mechanistic evidence of the context-specific function of Reelin (>3400 residues) regulated by the C-terminal residues and Nrp1, a component of the canonical Reelin receptor complex.
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72
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Ahammad I. A comprehensive review of tumor proliferative and suppressive role of semaphorins and therapeutic approaches. Biophys Rev 2020; 12:1233-1247. [PMID: 32577918 PMCID: PMC7575654 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-020-00709-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Semaphorins have been traditionally known as axon guidance proteins that negatively regulate axonal growth. However, in the past couple of decades, their versatile role in so many other biological processes has come to prominence as well. One such example is their role in cancer. In this review article, the focus was on the tumor proliferative and tumor suppressive role of all 20 semaphorin family members under the 7 semaphorin classes found in vertebrates and invertebrates as well as the ongoing and emerging therapeutic approaches to combat semaphorin-mediated cancers. Except sema6C, 19 of the 20 non-viral semaphorin family members have been discovered to be associated with cancer in one way or another. Eleven semaphorin family members have been discovered to be tumor proliferative and 8 to be tumor suppressive. Six therapeutic avenues and their safety profiles have been discussed which are currently at use or at the various stages of development. Finally, perspectives on which approach is the best for treating cancers associated with semaphorins have been given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishtiaque Ahammad
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, North South University, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh.
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73
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Xin J, Zhang H, He Y, Duren Z, Bai C, Chen L, Luo X, Yan DS, Zhang C, Zhu X, Yuan Q, Feng Z, Cui C, Qi X, Ouzhuluobu, Wong WH, Wang Y, Su B. Chromatin accessibility landscape and regulatory network of high-altitude hypoxia adaptation. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4928. [PMID: 33004791 PMCID: PMC7529806 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18638-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
High-altitude adaptation of Tibetans represents a remarkable case of natural selection during recent human evolution. Previous genome-wide scans found many non-coding variants under selection, suggesting a pressing need to understand the functional role of non-coding regulatory elements (REs). Here, we generate time courses of paired ATAC-seq and RNA-seq data on cultured HUVECs under hypoxic and normoxic conditions. We further develop a variant interpretation methodology (vPECA) to identify active selected REs (ASREs) and associated regulatory network. We discover three causal SNPs of EPAS1, the key adaptive gene for Tibetans. These SNPs decrease the accessibility of ASREs with weakened binding strength of relevant TFs, and cooperatively down-regulate EPAS1 expression. We further construct the downstream network of EPAS1, elucidating its roles in hypoxic response and angiogenesis. Collectively, we provide a systematic approach to interpret phenotype-associated noncoding variants in proper cell types and relevant dynamic conditions, to model their impact on gene regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxue Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650223, Kunming, China
- CEMS, NCMIS, MDIS, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650223, Kunming, China
- Bio-X Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650223, Kunming, China
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650223, Kunming, China
| | - Yaoxi He
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650223, Kunming, China
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650223, Kunming, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Zhana Duren
- Departments of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Center for Human Genetics and Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Greenwood, SC, 29646, USA
| | - Caijuan Bai
- High Altitude Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Tibetan University, 850000, Lhasa, China
| | - Lang Chen
- CEMS, NCMIS, MDIS, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650223, Kunming, China
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650223, Kunming, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Yan
- School of Mathematical Science, Inner Mongolia University, 010021, Huhhot, China
| | - Chaoyu Zhang
- CEMS, NCMIS, MDIS, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Zhu
- Departments of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Qiuyue Yuan
- CEMS, NCMIS, MDIS, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanying Feng
- CEMS, NCMIS, MDIS, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Chaoying Cui
- High Altitude Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Tibetan University, 850000, Lhasa, China
| | - Xuebin Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650223, Kunming, China
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650223, Kunming, China
| | - Ouzhuluobu
- High Altitude Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Tibetan University, 850000, Lhasa, China
| | - Wing Hung Wong
- Bio-X Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Departments of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Yong Wang
- CEMS, NCMIS, MDIS, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China.
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650223, Kunming, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 330106, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Bing Su
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650223, Kunming, China.
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650223, Kunming, China.
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74
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Mohseni N, Roshan R, Naderi S, Behdani M, Kazemi-Lomedasht F. In vitro combination therapy of pathologic angiogenesis using anti-vascular endothelial growth factor and anti-neuropilin-1 nanobodies. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020; 23:1335-1339. [PMID: 33149867 PMCID: PMC7585540 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2020.47782.11000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Emergence of resistant tumor cells to the current therapeutics is the main hindrance in cancer treatment. Combination therapy, which mixes two or more drugs, is a way to overcome resistant problems of cancer cells to current treatments. Nanobodies are promising tools in cancer therapy due to their high affinity as well as high penetration to tumor sites. MATERIALS AND METHODS Here, the inhibitory effect of mixtures of two nanobodies (anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and anti-neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) nanobodies) on tube formation of human endothelial cells in vitro and ex vivo were analyzed. RESULTS Results showed that combination of two drugs significantly inhibited proliferation and tube formation of human endothelial cells. In addition, mixtures of two nanobodies inhibited angiogenesis in chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay efficiently compared with each individual nanobody. CONCLUSION Results highlight the efficacy of combination therapy of cancer compared with mono-therapy and promises development of novel anti-cancer therapeutics based on nanobodies targeting two or more targets of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastaran Mohseni
- Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Laboratory, Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Roshan
- Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Laboratory, Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shamsi Naderi
- Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Laboratory, Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Behdani
- Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Laboratory, Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Kazemi-Lomedasht
- Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Laboratory, Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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Perez-Miller S, Patek M, Moutal A, Cabel CR, Thorne CA, Campos SK, Khanna R. In silico identification and validation of inhibitors of the interaction between neuropilin receptor 1 and SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2020:2020.09.22.308783. [PMID: 32995772 PMCID: PMC7523098 DOI: 10.1101/2020.09.22.308783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) is a multifunctional transmembrane receptor for ligands that affect developmental axonal growth and angiogenesis. In addition to a role in cancer, NRP-1 is a reported entry point for several viruses, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causal agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The furin cleavage product of SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein takes advantage of the vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) binding site on NRP-1 which accommodates a polybasic stretch ending in a C-terminal arginine. This site has long been a focus of drug discovery efforts for cancer therapeutics. We recently showed that interruption of the VEGF-A/NRP-1 signaling pathway ameliorates neuropathic pain and hypothesize that interference of this pathway by SARS-CoV-2 spike protein interferes with pain signaling. Here, we report hits from a small molecule and natural product screen of nearly 0.5 million compounds targeting the VEGF-A binding site on NRP-1. We identified nine chemical series with lead- or drug-like physico-chemical properties. Using an ELISA, we demonstrate that six compounds disrupt VEGF-A-NRP-1 binding more effectively than EG00229, a known NRP-1 inhibitor. Secondary validation in cells revealed that almost all tested compounds inhibited VEGF-A triggered VEGFR2 phosphorylation. Two compounds displayed robust inhibition of a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus protein that utilizes the SARS-CoV-2 Spike for entry and fusion. These compounds represent a first step in a renewed effort to develop small molecule inhibitors of the VEGF-A/NRP-1 signaling for the treatment of neuropathic pain and cancer with the added potential of inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 virus entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Perez-Miller
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- The Center for Innovation in Brain Sciences, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona 85724, USA
| | - Marcel Patek
- Bright Rock Path Consulting, LLC, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Aubin Moutal
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Carly R. Cabel
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona
- Cancer Biology Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona
| | - Curtis A. Thorne
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona
- Cancer Biology Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona
- Bio5 Institute, University of Arizona
| | - Samuel K. Campos
- Cancer Biology Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona
- Bio5 Institute, University of Arizona
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona
| | - Rajesh Khanna
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- The Center for Innovation in Brain Sciences, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona 85724, USA
- Regulonix LLC, 1555 E. Entrada Segunda, Tucson, AZ 85718, USA
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76
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Chen C, Zhang R, Ma L, Li Q, Zhao YL, Zhang GJ, Zhang D, Li WZ, Cao S, Wang L, Geng ZM. Neuropilin-1 is up-regulated by cancer-associated fibroblast-secreted IL-8 and associated with cell proliferation of gallbladder cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:12608-12618. [PMID: 32951327 PMCID: PMC7686964 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) promoted the proliferation of gallbladder cancer (GBC) cells, but the mechanism is not clear. Neuropilin‐1 (NRP‐1) plays an important role in various malignancies as transmembrane glycoprotein. Our goal was to reveal the relationship between CAFs and NRP‐1 and their potential functions in GBC. In this study, we found NRP‐1 was overexpressed in GBC tissue, associated with poor survival and was up‐regulated by CAFs. The cytokine array cluster analysis revealed IL‐8 secreted by CAFs facilitated the up‐regulation of NRP‐1 in tumour cells. NRP‐1 knockdown suppressed tumour growth in vivo. Gene expression microarray analysis showed 581 differentially regulated genes under NRP‐1 knockdown conditions. Ingenuity pathway analysis demonstrated that NRP‐1 knockdown may inhibit tumour progression by affecting cell proliferation. We then confirmed that NRP‐1 knockdown in NOZ and GBC‐SD cells significantly inhibited cell proliferation. Additionally, the IL‐8 mediated MDM2 and CCNA2 expression were affected by NRP‐1 knockdown. Our findings suggested that NRP‐1 was up‐regulated by CAF‐secreted IL‐8, which subsequently promoted GBC cell proliferation, and these molecules may serve as useful prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for GBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ya-Ling Zhao
- Department of of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Guan-Jun Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wen-Zhi Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Sheng Cao
- Gastroenterology Research Unit, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhi-Min Geng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
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77
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Zhao L, Chen H, Lu L, Wang L, Zhang X, Guo X. New insights into the role of co-receptor neuropilins in tumour angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis and targeted therapy strategies. J Drug Target 2020; 29:155-167. [PMID: 32838575 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2020.1815210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Local tumour sites lead to pathological angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis due to malignant conditions such as hypoxia. Although VEGF and VEGFR are considered to be the main anti-tumour treatment targets, the problems of limited efficacy and observable side effects of some drugs relevant to this target still remain to be solved. Therefore, it is necessary to identify new therapeutic targets for angiogenesis or lymphangiogenesis. The neuropilin family is a class of single transmembrane glycoprotein receptors, including neuropilin1 (NRP1) and neuropilin2 (NRP2), which could act as co-receptors of VEGFA-165 and VEGFC and play a key role in promoting tumour proliferation, invasion and metastasis. In this review, we introduced the schematic diagram to visually reveal the function of NRP1 and NRP2 in enhancing the binding affinity of VEGFR2 to VEGFA-165 and VEGFR3 to VEGFC, respectively. We also discussed the signalling pathways that depend on the co-receptors NRP1 and NRP2 and some existing targeted therapeutic strategies, such as monoclonal antibodies, targeted peptides, microRNAs and small molecule inhibitors. It will contribute a vital foundation for the future research and development of new drugs targeting NRPs. HIGHLIGHTS NRP1 acts as a co-receptor with VEGFR2 and the pro-angiogenic factor VEGFA-165 to up-regulate tumour angiogenesis by promoting endothelial cells proliferation, survival, migration, invasion and by preventing of apoptosis. NRP2 acts as a co-receptor with VEGFR3 and the pro-lymphogenic factor VEGFC to facilitate tumour metastasis by promoting lymphangiogenesis. Although NRP1 and NRP2 do not have enzymatic signalling activity, the affinity of VEGFR2 for VEGFA-165 and VEGFR3 for VEGFC can increase in a co-receptor manner, as detailed in the schematic. The exclusive roles of NRP1 and NRP2 in signalling pathways are specifically described to emphasise the molecular regulatory mechanisms involved in co-receptors. Various studies have shown that the co-receptors NRP1 and NRP2 can be directly or indirectly targeted by different methods to prevent tumour angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Therapeutic strategies targeting NRPs look promising soon as evidenced by preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hongyuan Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong University Affiliated Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinke Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiuli Guo
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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78
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Harman JL, Sayers J, Chapman C, Pellet-Many C. Emerging Roles for Neuropilin-2 in Cardiovascular Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5154. [PMID: 32708258 PMCID: PMC7404143 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21145154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of death worldwide, is predominantly associated with atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterised by the narrowing of large to medium-sized arteries due to a build-up of plaque. Atherosclerotic plaque is comprised of lipids, extracellular matrix, and several cell types, including endothelial, immune, and vascular smooth muscle cells. Such narrowing of the blood vessels can itself restrict blood flow to vital organs but most severe clinical complications, including heart attacks and strokes, occur when lesions rupture, triggering the blood to clot and obstructing blood flow further down the vascular tree. To circumvent such obstructions, percutaneous coronary intervention or bypass grafts are often required; however, re-occlusion of the treated artery frequently occurs. Neuropilins (NRPs), a multifunctional family of cell surface co-receptors, are expressed by endothelial, immune, and vascular smooth muscle cells and are regulators of numerous signalling pathways within the vasculature. Here, we review recent studies implicating NRP2 in the development of occlusive vascular diseases and discuss how NRP2 could be targeted for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Harman
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK
| | - Jacob Sayers
- University College London, Division of Medicine, Rayne Building, University Street, London WC1E 6JF, UK
| | - Chey Chapman
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK
| | - Caroline Pellet-Many
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK
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Matilla L, Arrieta V, Jover E, Garcia-Peña A, Martinez-Martinez E, Sadaba R, Alvarez V, Navarro A, Fernandez-Celis A, Gainza A, Santamaria E, Fernandez-Irigoyen J, Rossignol P, Zannad F, Lopez-Andres N. Soluble St2 Induces Cardiac Fibroblast Activation and Collagen Synthesis via Neuropilin-1. Cells 2020; 9:cells9071667. [PMID: 32664340 PMCID: PMC7408622 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating levels of soluble interleukin 1 receptor-like 1 (sST2) are increased in heart failure and associated with poor outcome, likely because of the activation of inflammation and fibrosis. We investigated the pathogenic role of sST2 as an inductor of cardiac fibroblasts activation and collagen synthesis. The effects of sST2 on human cardiac fibroblasts was assessed using proteomics and immunodetection approaches to evidence the upregulation of neuropilin-1 (NRP-1), a regulator of the profibrotic transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1. In parallel, sST2 increased fibroblast activation, collagen and fibrosis mediators. Pharmacological inhibition of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) restored NRP-1 levels and blocked profibrotic effects induced by sST2. In NRP-1 knockdown cells, sST2 failed to induce fibroblast activation and collagen synthesis. Exogenous NRP-1 enhanced cardiac fibroblast activation and collagen synthesis via NF-κB. In a pressure overload rat model, sST2 was elevated in association with cardiac fibrosis and was positively correlated with NRP-1 expression. Our study shows that sST2 induces human cardiac fibroblasts activation, as well as the synthesis of collagen and profibrotic molecules. These effects are mediated by NRP-1. The blockade of NF-κB restored NRP-1 expression, improving the profibrotic status induced by sST2. These results show a new pathogenic role for sST2 and its mediator, NRP-1, as cardiac fibroblast activators contributing to cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Matilla
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.M.); (V.A.); (E.J.); (A.G.-P.); (E.M.-M.); (R.S.); (V.A.); (A.N.); (A.F.-C.); (A.G.)
| | - Vanessa Arrieta
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.M.); (V.A.); (E.J.); (A.G.-P.); (E.M.-M.); (R.S.); (V.A.); (A.N.); (A.F.-C.); (A.G.)
| | - Eva Jover
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.M.); (V.A.); (E.J.); (A.G.-P.); (E.M.-M.); (R.S.); (V.A.); (A.N.); (A.F.-C.); (A.G.)
| | - Amaia Garcia-Peña
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.M.); (V.A.); (E.J.); (A.G.-P.); (E.M.-M.); (R.S.); (V.A.); (A.N.); (A.F.-C.); (A.G.)
| | - Ernesto Martinez-Martinez
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.M.); (V.A.); (E.J.); (A.G.-P.); (E.M.-M.); (R.S.); (V.A.); (A.N.); (A.F.-C.); (A.G.)
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Sadaba
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.M.); (V.A.); (E.J.); (A.G.-P.); (E.M.-M.); (R.S.); (V.A.); (A.N.); (A.F.-C.); (A.G.)
| | - Virginia Alvarez
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.M.); (V.A.); (E.J.); (A.G.-P.); (E.M.-M.); (R.S.); (V.A.); (A.N.); (A.F.-C.); (A.G.)
| | - Adela Navarro
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.M.); (V.A.); (E.J.); (A.G.-P.); (E.M.-M.); (R.S.); (V.A.); (A.N.); (A.F.-C.); (A.G.)
| | - Amaya Fernandez-Celis
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.M.); (V.A.); (E.J.); (A.G.-P.); (E.M.-M.); (R.S.); (V.A.); (A.N.); (A.F.-C.); (A.G.)
| | - Alicia Gainza
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.M.); (V.A.); (E.J.); (A.G.-P.); (E.M.-M.); (R.S.); (V.A.); (A.N.); (A.F.-C.); (A.G.)
| | - Enrique Santamaria
- Proteored-ISCIII, Proteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Institute for Health Research, Universidad Pública de Navarra, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.S.); (J.F.-I.)
| | - Joaquín Fernandez-Irigoyen
- Proteored-ISCIII, Proteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Institute for Health Research, Universidad Pública de Navarra, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.S.); (J.F.-I.)
| | - Patrick Rossignol
- INSERM, Centre d’Investigations Cliniques-Plurithématique 1433, UMR 1116, CHRU de Nancy, French-Clinical Research Infrastructure Network (F-CRIN) INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists), Université de Lorraine, 54035 Nancy, France; (P.R.); (F.Z.)
| | - Faiez Zannad
- INSERM, Centre d’Investigations Cliniques-Plurithématique 1433, UMR 1116, CHRU de Nancy, French-Clinical Research Infrastructure Network (F-CRIN) INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists), Université de Lorraine, 54035 Nancy, France; (P.R.); (F.Z.)
| | - Natalia Lopez-Andres
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.M.); (V.A.); (E.J.); (A.G.-P.); (E.M.-M.); (R.S.); (V.A.); (A.N.); (A.F.-C.); (A.G.)
- INSERM, Centre d’Investigations Cliniques-Plurithématique 1433, UMR 1116, CHRU de Nancy, French-Clinical Research Infrastructure Network (F-CRIN) INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists), Université de Lorraine, 54035 Nancy, France; (P.R.); (F.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-848428539; Fax: +34-848422300
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Tong Y, Zhang Y, Shan Z, Xu Y, Gao X, Yao W. Improving high-fat diet-induced obesity and fatty liver by adipose tissue targeted delivery of vascular endothelial growth factor-B. Life Sci 2020; 253:117677. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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81
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Song Y, Xu M, Li Y, Li Y, Gu W, Halimu G, Fu X, Zhang H, Zhang C. An iRGD peptide fused superantigen mutant induced tumor-targeting and T lymphocyte infiltrating in cancer immunotherapy. Int J Pharm 2020; 586:119498. [PMID: 32505575 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Solid tumors are intrinsically resistant to immunotherapy because of the major challenges including the immunosuppression and poor penetration of drugs and lymphocytes into solid tumors due to the complicated tumor microenvironment (TME). Our previous study has created a novel superantigen mutant ST-4 to efficiently active the T lymphocytes and alleviate immune suppression. In the present study, to accumulate ST-4 into the TME, we constructed a recombinant protein, ST-4-iRGD, by fusing ST-4 to a tumor-homing peptide, iRGD. We hypothesized that ST-4-iRGD could internalize into the TME through iRGD-mediated tumor targeting and tumor tissue penetrating to activate the regional immunoreaction. The results of in vitro studies showed that ST-4-iRGD achieved improved tumor targeting and cytotoxicity in mouse B16F10 melanoma cells. The iRGD-mediated tumor tissue penetration was further confirmed by imaging and immunofluorescence studies in vivo, wherein higher distribution of ST-4-iRGD was observed in the mouse 4T1 breast tumor model. Moreover, ST-4-iRGD exhibited enhanced anti-solid tumor characteristics and induced improved lymphocyte infiltration in the B16F10 and 4T1 models. In conclusion, using iRGD to facilitate better dissemination of the therapeutic agent ST-4 throughout a solid tumor mass is feasible, and ST-4-iRGD may be a potential candidate for efficient cancer immunotherapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Song
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 WenHua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 YuQuan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China; Key Laboratory of Superantigen Research, Shenyang Bureau of Science and Technology, 72 WenHua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Mingkai Xu
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 WenHua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Superantigen Research, Shenyang Bureau of Science and Technology, 72 WenHua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
| | - Yongqiang Li
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 WenHua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 YuQuan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China; Key Laboratory of Superantigen Research, Shenyang Bureau of Science and Technology, 72 WenHua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Yansheng Li
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 WenHua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 YuQuan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China; Key Laboratory of Superantigen Research, Shenyang Bureau of Science and Technology, 72 WenHua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Wu Gu
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 WenHua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Superantigen Research, Shenyang Bureau of Science and Technology, 72 WenHua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Gulinare Halimu
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 WenHua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 YuQuan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China; Key Laboratory of Superantigen Research, Shenyang Bureau of Science and Technology, 72 WenHua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Xuanhe Fu
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 WenHua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Superantigen Research, Shenyang Bureau of Science and Technology, 72 WenHua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Huiwen Zhang
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 WenHua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Superantigen Research, Shenyang Bureau of Science and Technology, 72 WenHua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Chenggang Zhang
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 WenHua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Superantigen Research, Shenyang Bureau of Science and Technology, 72 WenHua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
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82
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Conole D, Chou Y, Patsiarika A, Nwabo V, Dimitriou E, Soudy C, Mota F, Djordjevic S, Selwood DL. Discovery of a novel fluorescent chemical probe suitable for evaluation of neuropilin-1 binding of small molecules. Drug Dev Res 2020; 81:491-500. [PMID: 31958155 PMCID: PMC7317715 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neuropilin-1 (NRP1) is emerging as an important molecule in immune signaling where it has been shown to modulate the actions of TGF-β1 in macrophages and regulatory T cells. The development of cost-effective and reliable assays for NRP1 binding is therefore important. We synthesized three new NRP1 small molecule fluorophores and examined their performance as fluorescent polarization probes. One molecule DS108 exhibited favorable binding and fluorescent characteristics and allowed us to establish a simple assay suitable for medium to high throughput screening of small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Conole
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical ResearchUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Yi‐Tai Chou
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical ResearchUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | | | - Valery Nwabo
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical ResearchUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Eleni Dimitriou
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical ResearchUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Christelle Soudy
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical ResearchUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Filipa Mota
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical ResearchUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Snezana Djordjevic
- Institute of Structural and Molecular BiologyUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - David L. Selwood
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical ResearchUniversity College LondonLondonUK
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83
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Alghamdi AAA, Benwell CJ, Atkinson SJ, Lambert J, Johnson RT, Robinson SD. NRP2 as an Emerging Angiogenic Player; Promoting Endothelial Cell Adhesion and Migration by Regulating Recycling of α5 Integrin. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:395. [PMID: 32528960 PMCID: PMC7264094 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis relies on the ability of endothelial cells (ECs) to migrate over the extracellular matrix via integrin receptors to respond to an angiogenic stimulus. Of the two neuropilin (NRP) orthologs to be identified, both have been reported to be expressed on normal blood and lymphatic ECs, and to play roles in the formation of blood and lymphatic vascular networks during angiogenesis. Whilst the role of NRP1 and its interactions with integrins during angiogenesis has been widely studied, the role of NRP2 in ECs is poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that NRP2 promotes Rac-1 mediated EC adhesion and migration over fibronectin (FN) matrices in a mechanistically distinct fashion to NRP1, showing no dependence on β3 integrin (ITGB3) expression, or VEGF stimulation. Furthermore, we highlight evidence of a regulatory crosstalk between NRP2 and α5 integrin (ITGA5) in ECs, with NRP2 depletion eliciting an upregulation of ITGA5 expression and disruptions in ITGA5 cellular organization. Finally, we propose a mechanism whereby NRP2 promotes ITGA5 recycling in ECs; NRP2 depleted ECs were found to exhibit reduced levels of total ITGA5 subunit recycling compared to wild-type (WT) ECs. Our findings expose NRP2 as a novel angiogenic player by promoting ITGA5-mediated EC adhesion and migration on FN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah A A Alghamdi
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J Benwell
- Gut Microbes and Health, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel J Atkinson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Jordi Lambert
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Robert T Johnson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen D Robinson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom.,Gut Microbes and Health, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
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84
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Neuropilin-2 promotes growth and progression of papillary thyroid cancer cells. Auris Nasus Larynx 2020; 47:870-880. [PMID: 32381353 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2020.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neuropilin-2 (NRP2) is a coreceptor of vascular endothelial growth factor-C/D (VEGF-C/D) and plays the important role in the development of lymphatic endothelial cells, as well as neuronal development. NRP2 is known to affect aggressiveness by increasing expression in various human cancers, but the role of NRP2 in thyroid cancer is not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the NRP2 expression and its role in regulating the tumor aggressiveness in the papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). METHODS The NRP2 expression and its clinicopathologic correlation to PTC was determined using the data from the 262 PTC patients at a tertiary referral medical center and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The potential role of NRP2 in modulating tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis in PTC was examined by using small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of NRP2. RESULTS High expression of NRP2 was significantly associated with capsular invasion, lymphovascular invasion, lymph node metastasis, 5 or more metastatic lymph nodes, and recurrence in PTC patients. In TCGA data, the higher NRP2 expression group was significantly associated with extrathyroid extension, lymph node metastasis, and BRAFV600E mutation. The siRNA mediated knockdown of NRP2 in the PTC cells reduced the cell proliferation, migration and invasion. We also have confirmed that NRP2 knockdown suppressed epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by regulating AKT and ERK phosphorylation signaling pathways. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that NRP2 regulates tumor progression in PTC and may act as a predictive factor for aggressiveness of PTC.
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85
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Moawad AW, Szklaruk J, Lall C, Blair KJ, Kaseb AO, Kamath A, Rohren SA, Elsayes KM. Angiogenesis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma; Pathophysiology, Targeted Therapy, and Role of Imaging. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2020; 7:77-89. [PMID: 32426302 PMCID: PMC7188073 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s224471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common tumors worldwide, usually occurring on a background of liver cirrhosis. HCC is a highly vascular tumor in which angiogenesis plays a major role in tumor growth and spread. Tumor-induced angiogenesis is usually related to a complex interplay between multiple factors and pathways, with vascular endothelial growth factor being a major player in angiogenesis. In the past decade, understanding of tumor-induced angiogenesis has led to the emergence of novel anti-angiogenic therapies, which act by reducing neo-angiogenesis, and improving patient survival. Currently, Sorafenib and Lenvatinib are being used as the first-line treatment for advanced unresectable HCC. However, a disadvantage of these agents is the presence of numerous side effects. A major challenge in the management of HCC patients being treated with anti-angiogenic therapy is effective monitoring of treatment response, which decides whether to continue treatment or to seek second-line treatment. Several criteria can be used to assess response to treatment, such as quantitative perfusion on cross-sectional imaging and novel/emerging MRI techniques, including a host of known and emerging biomarkers and radiogenomics. This review addresses the pathophysiology of angiogenesis in HCC, accurate imaging assessment of angiogenesis, monitoring effects of anti-angiogenic therapy to guide future treatment and assessing prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed W Moawad
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Janio Szklaruk
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chandana Lall
- Department of Radiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Katherine J Blair
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ahmed O Kaseb
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Amita Kamath
- Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai West, New York, NY, USA
| | - Scott A Rohren
- School of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Khaled M Elsayes
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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86
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Neuropilin: Handyman and Power Broker in the Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1223:31-67. [PMID: 32030684 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-35582-1_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Neuropilin-1 and neuropilin-2 form a small family of transmembrane receptors, which, due to the lack of a cytosolic protein kinase domain, act primarily as co-receptors for various ligands. Performing at the molecular level both the executive and organizing functions of a handyman as well as of a power broker, they are instrumental in controlling the signaling of various receptor tyrosine kinases, integrins, and other molecules involved in the regulation of physiological and pathological angiogenic processes. In this setting, the various neuropilin ligands and interaction partners on various cells of the tumor microenvironment, such as cancer cells, endothelial cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and immune cells, are surveyed. The suitability of various neuropilin-targeting substances and the intervention in neuropilin-mediated interactions is considered as a possible building block of tumor therapy.
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87
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Ye K, Ouyang X, Wang Z, Yao L, Zhang G. SEMA3F Promotes Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasis by Activating Focal Adhesion Pathway. DNA Cell Biol 2020; 39:474-483. [PMID: 31968181 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2019.4904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that semaphorin-3F (SEMA3F) functions as a tumor suppressor in several tumor types. However, the role of SEMA3F in the metastasis and prognosis of liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) remains unknown. In this study, by performing bioinformatics analysis on the transcriptome profiles from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we demonstrated that SEMA3F was significantly upregulated in LIHC tissues, compared with normal controls. Moreover, the expression value of SEMA3F was positively correlated with patients' pathological stages and tumor metastasis, predicting a poor overall survival. Besides, SEMA3F expression level was negatively correlated with its methylation level, but positively correlated with its gene copy number. Differential expression analysis of LIHC samples with high or low SEMA3F expression values suggested that 983 genes were differentially expressed, among which 723 genes were upregulated and 260 genes were downregulated. Furthermore, enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed that SEMA3F was involved in the activation of focal adhesion pathway, which induced tumor metastasis. Taken together, our results suggested that the oncogenic function of SEMA3F promoted hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis by activating focal adhesion pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Central South University, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiwu Ouyang
- Department of General Surgery, Central South University, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiming Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Central South University, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lei Yao
- Department of General Surgery, Central South University, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Gewen Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Central South University, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Khodabakhsh F, Muyldermans S, Behdani M, Kazemi-Lomedasht F. Liposomal delivery of vascular endothelial growth factor/receptors and their inhibitors. J Drug Target 2019; 28:379-385. [DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2019.1693578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Khodabakhsh
- Department of Genetics and Advanced Medical Technology, Medical Biotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Serge Muyldermans
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mahdi Behdani
- Biotechnology Research Center, Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Kazemi-Lomedasht
- Biotechnology Research Center, Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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89
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Gaddis DE, Padgett LE, Wu R, Hedrick CC. Neuropilin-1 Expression on CD4 T Cells Is Atherogenic and Facilitates T Cell Migration to the Aorta in Atherosclerosis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:3237-3246. [PMID: 31740486 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Neuropilin 1 (Nrp1) is a type I transmembrane protein that plays important roles in axonal guidance, neuronal development, and angiogenesis. Nrp1 also helps migrate thymus-derived regulatory T cells to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-producing tumors. However, little is known about the role of Nrp1 on CD4 T cells in atherosclerosis. In ApoE-/- mice fed a Western diet for 15 wk, we found a 2-fold increase in Nrp1+Foxp3- CD4 T cells in their spleens, periaortic lymph nodes, and aortas, compared with chow-fed mice. Nrp1+Foxp3- CD4 T cells had higher proliferation potential, expressed higher levels of the memory marker CD44, and produced more IFN-γ when compared with Nrp1- CD4 T cells. Treatment of CD4 T cells with oxLDL increased Nrp1 expression. Furthermore, atherosclerosis-susceptible mice selectively deficient for Nrp1 expression on T cells developed less atherosclerosis than their Nrp1-sufficient counterparts. Mechanistically, we found that CD4 T cells that express Nrp1 have an increased capacity to migrate to the aorta and periaortic lymph nodes compared to Nrp1- T cells, suggesting that the expression of Nrp1 facilitates the recruitment of CD4 T cells into the aorta where they can be pathogenic. Thus, we have identified a novel role of Nrp1 on CD4 T cells in atherosclerosis. These results suggest that manipulation of Nrp1 expression on T cells can affect the outcome of atherosclerosis and lower disease incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia E Gaddis
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Lindsey E Padgett
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Runpei Wu
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Catherine C Hedrick
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037
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Zhang H, Wang R, Wang M. miR-331-3p suppresses cell invasion and migration in colorectal carcinoma by directly targeting NRP2. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:6501-6508. [PMID: 31807170 PMCID: PMC6876315 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is a common tumor of the digestive system with poor prognosis. Studies have shown that aberrant microRNA (miRNA) expression can affect CRC progression by regulating target genes. In the present study, we investigated the functional roles and potential mechanisms of miR-331-3p in CRC. The expression of miR-331-3p and neuropilin-2 (NRP2) in CRC was detected by RT-qPCR. Then, Transwell assays were conducted to investigate the influence of miR-331-3p on CRC cell invasion and migration abilities. Luciferase reporter assays were performed to determine the target gene of miR-331-3p. It was found that miR-331-3p expression was notably declined in CRC and inversely correlated with the NRP2 expression. miR-331-3p upregulation significantly inhibited CRC cell invasion and migration. Additionally, western blot analysis demonstrated that miR-331-3p restoration evidently suppressed CRC cell EMT. Moreover, NRP2 was conformed to be a novel target of miR-331-3p and knockdown of NRP2 partially inversed the effects of the miR-331-3p inhibitor on cell invasion and migration. These results suggested that miR-331-3p exerted tumor suppressive roles in CRC by targeting NRP2 and miR-331-3p/NRP2 may serve as a potential therapy for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongye Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276400, P.R. China
| | - Ruiyu Wang
- Department of Oncology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276400, P.R. China
| | - Mingxia Wang
- Department of Oncology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276400, P.R. China
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91
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Borchardt H, Schulz A, Datta K, Muders MH, Aigner A. Silencing of Neuropilins and GIPC1 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma exerts multiple cellular and molecular antitumor effects. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15471. [PMID: 31664117 PMCID: PMC6820541 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51881-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality, with new treatment options urgently needed. Neuropilins-1/-2 (NRP1, NRP2) are receptors for semaphorins and angiogenic growth factors, while the GAIP interacting protein C-terminus 1 (GIPC1, aka Synectin) interacts with the neuropilins. They are overexpressed in PDAC and associated with poor survival as well as tumor-promoting activities. Thus, neuropilin and/or GIPC1 silencing may inhibit PDAC growth. In this study, we directly compare the various tumor-inhibitory effects of transient RNAi-mediated depletion of NRP1, NRP2 and GIPC1, alone or in combination, in a set of cell lines with different expression levels. Inhibition of anchorage-dependent and –independent proliferation, colony formation and cell migration, alterations of 3D-spheroid size and shape as well as retardation of cell cycle and induction of apoptosis have been analyzed and found to vary between cell lines. The observed effects are independent of initial expression levels. Knocking down NRP1, NRP2, and GIPC1 alone demonstrates significant effects. Only small additive effects upon combined knockdown and no counter-upregulation of the respective other genes could be detected. Making the study more translational, we show that systemic treatment of PDAC xenograft-bearing mice with polymeric nanoparticles for delivery of specific siRNAs results in tumor inhibition, reduces proliferation, and induces apoptosis. In conclusion, NRP and GIPC1 inhibition emerges as a promising avenue in PDAC treatment due to pleiotropic tumor-inhibitory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Borchardt
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexander Schulz
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kaustubh Datta
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Michael H Muders
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, University of Technology, Dresden, Germany. .,Rudolf-Becker-Laboratory for Prostate Cancer Research, Institute of Pathology, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Achim Aigner
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
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92
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Hang C, Yan HS, Gong C, Gao H, Mao QH, Zhu JX. MicroRNA-9 inhibits gastric cancer cell proliferation and migration by targeting neuropilin-1. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:2524-2530. [PMID: 31572503 PMCID: PMC6755461 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a global health problem with poor clinical outcomes. The mechanism of its development and progression remains largely unclear. The present study investigated the role of microRNA-9 (miR-9-5p) in the development and progression of GC. Overexpression of miR-9-5p led to reduced expression of neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) in GC cells. Dual-luciferase reporter assay results indicated that miR-9-5p directly targeted NRP-1. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-9-5p in GC cells increased the expression of mesenchymal markers, N-cadherin and vimentin, and decreased the expression of epithelial markers, E-cadherin and β-catenin. Overexpression of miR-9-5p inhibited GC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and increased the sensitivity of GC cells to the anti-cancer drug cisplatin. By contrast, the opposite effects were observed in GC cells following downregulation of miR-9-5p. Taken together, the present findings suggested that miR-9-5p suppressed NRP-1 expression and inhibited GC cell proliferation and invasion. In addition, miR-9-5p overexpression attenuated GC cell resistance to anti-cancer drugs, which highlighted the potential of miR-9-5p as a target for the treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Hang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Taicang, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215400, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Shen Yan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China
- Department of Medical Science, Yangzhou Polytechnic College, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, P.R. China
| | - Chen Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Taicang, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215400, P.R. China
| | - Hua Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Taicang, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215400, P.R. China
| | - Qiu-Hui Mao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Taicang, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215400, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Xin Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Taicang, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215400, P.R. China
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93
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Jászai J, Schmidt MHH. Trends and Challenges in Tumor Anti-Angiogenic Therapies. Cells 2019; 8:cells8091102. [PMID: 31540455 PMCID: PMC6770676 DOI: 10.3390/cells8091102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive abnormal angiogenesis plays a pivotal role in tumor progression and is a hallmark of solid tumors. This process is driven by an imbalance between pro- and anti-angiogenic factors dominated by the tissue hypoxia-triggered overproduction of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). VEGF-mediated signaling has quickly become one of the most promising anti-angiogenic therapeutic targets in oncology. Nevertheless, the clinical efficacy of this approach is severely limited in certain tumor types or shows only transient efficacy in patients. Acquired or intrinsic therapy resistance associated with anti-VEGF monotherapeutic approaches indicates the necessity of a paradigm change when targeting neoangiogenesis in solid tumors. In this context, the elaboration of the conceptual framework of “vessel normalization” might be a promising approach to increase the efficacy of anti-angiogenic therapies and the survival rates of patients. Indeed, the promotion of vessel maturation instead of regressing tumors by vaso-obliteration could result in reduced tumor hypoxia and improved drug delivery. The implementation of such anti-angiogenic strategies, however, faces several pitfalls due to the potential involvement of multiple pro-angiogenic factors and modulatory effects of the innate and adaptive immune system. Thus, effective treatments bypassing relapses associated with anti-VEGF monotherapies or breaking the intrinsic therapy resistance of solid tumors might use combination therapies or agents with a multimodal mode of action. This review enumerates some of the current approaches and possible future directions of treating solid tumors by targeting neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- József Jászai
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden School of Medicine, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Mirko H H Schmidt
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden School of Medicine, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 61920 Heidelberg, Germany.
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94
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Huang X, Ye Q, Chen M, Li A, Mi W, Fang Y, Zaytseva YY, O'Connor KL, Vander Kooi CW, Liu S, She QB. N-glycosylation-defective splice variants of neuropilin-1 promote metastasis by activating endosomal signals. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3708. [PMID: 31420553 PMCID: PMC6697747 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11580-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropilin-1 (NRP1) is an essential transmembrane receptor with a variety of cellular functions. Here, we identify two human NRP1 splice variants resulting from the skipping of exon 4 and 5, respectively, in colorectal cancer (CRC). Both NRP1 variants exhibit increased endocytosis/recycling activity and decreased levels of degradation, leading to accumulation on endosomes. This increased endocytic trafficking of the two NRP1 variants, upon HGF stimulation, is due to loss of N-glycosylation at the Asn150 or Asn261 site, respectively. Moreover, these NRP1 variants enhance interactions with the Met and β1-integrin receptors, resulting in Met/β1-integrin co-internalization and co-accumulation on endosomes. This provides persistent signals to activate the FAK/p130Cas pathway, thereby promoting CRC cell migration, invasion and metastasis. Blocking endocytosis or endosomal Met/β1-integrin/FAK signaling profoundly inhibits the oncogenic effects of both NRP1 variants. These findings reveal an important role for these NRP1 splice variants in the regulation of endocytic trafficking for cancer cell dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuping Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Qing Ye
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Min Chen
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Aimin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wenting Mi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yuxin Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yekaterina Y Zaytseva
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Kathleen L O'Connor
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Craig W Vander Kooi
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Side Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Qing-Bai She
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA.
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95
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Leclerc M, Voilin E, Gros G, Corgnac S, de Montpréville V, Validire P, Bismuth G, Mami-Chouaib F. Regulation of antitumour CD8 T-cell immunity and checkpoint blockade immunotherapy by Neuropilin-1. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3345. [PMID: 31350404 PMCID: PMC6659631 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11280-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropilin-1 (Nrp-1) is a marker for murine CD4+FoxP3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells, a subset of human CD4+ Treg cells, and a population of CD8+ T cells infiltrating certain solid tumours. However, whether Nrp-1 regulates tumour-specific CD8 T-cell responses is still unclear. Here we show that Nrp-1 defines a subset of CD8+ T cells displaying PD-1hi status and infiltrating human lung cancer. Interaction of Nrp-1 with its ligand semaphorin-3A inhibits migration and tumour-specific lytic function of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. In vivo, Nrp-1+PD-1hi CD8+ tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) in B16F10 melanoma are enriched for tumour-reactive T cells exhibiting an exhausted state, expressing Tim-3, LAG-3 and CTLA-4 inhibitory receptors. Anti-Nrp-1 neutralising antibodies enhance the migration and cytotoxicity of Nrp-1+PD-1hi CD8+ TIL ex vivo, while in vivo immunotherapeutic blockade of Nrp-1 synergises with anti-PD-1 to enhance CD8+ T-cell proliferation, cytotoxicity and tumour control. Thus, Nrp-1 could be a target for developing combined immunotherapies. Neuropilin-1 (Nrp-1) is a marker for CD4 + regulatory T cells. Here the authors show that Nrp-1 is co-expressed with PD-1 on a subset of CD8 tumour-infiltrating T lymphocytes and inhibits T-cell migration and cytotoxicity when bound by its ligand semaphorin-3A, while blockade of Nrp-1 synergises with anti-PD-1 to promote antitumour immunity in mouse tumour models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Leclerc
- INSERM UMR 1186, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Faculté de Médecine-Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Elodie Voilin
- INSERM UMR 1186, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Faculté de Médecine-Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Gwendoline Gros
- INSERM UMR 1186, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Faculté de Médecine-Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Stéphanie Corgnac
- INSERM UMR 1186, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Faculté de Médecine-Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Vincent de Montpréville
- INSERM UMR 1186, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Faculté de Médecine-Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France.,Centre chirurgical Marie-Lannelongue, Service d'Anatomie Pathologie, 92350, Le-Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Pierre Validire
- Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Service d'Anatomie pathologique, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Georges Bismuth
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, 75014, Paris, France.,CNRS, Unité mixte de Recherche 8104, 75014, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Fathia Mami-Chouaib
- INSERM UMR 1186, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Faculté de Médecine-Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France.
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96
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Mehta V, Fields L, Evans IM, Yamaji M, Pellet-Many C, Jones T, Mahmoud M, Zachary I. VEGF (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor) Induces NRP1 (Neuropilin-1) Cleavage via ADAMs (a Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase) 9 and 10 to Generate Novel Carboxy-Terminal NRP1 Fragments That Regulate Angiogenic Signaling. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 38:1845-1858. [PMID: 29880492 PMCID: PMC6092111 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective- NRP1(neuropilin-1) acts as a coreceptor for VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) with an essential role in angiogenesis. Recent findings suggest that posttranslational proteolytic cleavage of VEGF receptors may be an important mechanism for regulating angiogenesis, but the role of NRP1 proteolysis and the NRP1 species generated by cleavage in endothelial cells is not known. Here, we characterize NRP1 proteolytic cleavage in endothelial cells, determine the mechanism, and investigate the role of NRP1 cleavage in regulation of endothelial cell function. Approach and Results- NRP1 species comprising the carboxy (C)-terminal and transmembrane NRP1 domains but lacking the ligand-binding A and B regions are constitutively expressed in endothelial cells. Generation of these C-terminal domain NRP1 proteins is upregulated by phorbol ester and Ca2+ ionophore, and reduced by pharmacological inhibition of metalloproteinases, by small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of 2 members of ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase) family, ADAMs 9 and 10, and by a specific ADAM10 inhibitor. Furthermore, VEGF upregulates expression of these NRP1 species in an ADAM9/10-dependent manner. Transduction of endothelial cells with adenoviral constructs expressing NRP1 C-terminal domain fragments inhibited VEGF-induced phosphorylation of VEGFR2 (VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase)/KDR (kinase domain insert receptor) and decreased VEGF-stimulated endothelial cell motility and angiogenesis in coculture and aortic ring sprouting assays. Conclusions- These findings identify novel NRP1 species in endothelial cells and demonstrate that regulation of NRP1 proteolysis via ADAMs 9 and 10 is a new regulatory pathway able to modulate VEGF angiogenic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedanta Mehta
- From the Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Division of Medicine, The Rayne Building, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Fields
- From the Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Division of Medicine, The Rayne Building, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Ian M Evans
- From the Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Division of Medicine, The Rayne Building, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Maiko Yamaji
- From the Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Division of Medicine, The Rayne Building, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline Pellet-Many
- From the Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Division of Medicine, The Rayne Building, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy Jones
- From the Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Division of Medicine, The Rayne Building, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Marwa Mahmoud
- From the Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Division of Medicine, The Rayne Building, University College London, United Kingdom
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97
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Lowe V, Wisniewski L, Sayers J, Evans I, Frankel P, Mercader-Huber N, Zachary IC, Pellet-Many C. Neuropilin 1 mediates epicardial activation and revascularization in the regenerating zebrafish heart. Development 2019; 146:dev.174482. [PMID: 31167777 PMCID: PMC6633600 DOI: 10.1242/dev.174482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Unlike adult mammals, zebrafish can regenerate their heart. A key mechanism for regeneration is the activation of the epicardium, leading to the establishment of a supporting scaffold for new cardiomyocytes, angiogenesis and cytokine secretion. Neuropilins are co-receptors that mediate signaling of kinase receptors for cytokines with crucial roles in zebrafish heart regeneration. We investigated the role of neuropilins in response to cardiac injury and heart regeneration. All four neuropilin isoforms (nrp1a, nrp1b, nrp2a and nrp2b) were upregulated by the activated epicardium and an nrp1a-knockout mutant showed a significant delay in heart regeneration and displayed persistent collagen deposition. The regenerating hearts of nrp1a mutants were less vascularized, and epicardial-derived cell migration and re-expression of the developmental gene wt1b was impaired. Moreover, cryoinjury-induced activation and migration of epicardial cells in heart explants were reduced in nrp1a mutants. These results identify a key role for Nrp1 in zebrafish heart regeneration, mediated through epicardial activation, migration and revascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Lowe
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Division of Medicine, The Rayne Building, University College London, London WC1E 6JJ, UK
| | - Laura Wisniewski
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Division of Medicine, The Rayne Building, University College London, London WC1E 6JJ, UK
| | - Jacob Sayers
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Division of Medicine, The Rayne Building, University College London, London WC1E 6JJ, UK
| | - Ian Evans
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Division of Medicine, The Rayne Building, University College London, London WC1E 6JJ, UK
| | - Paul Frankel
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Division of Medicine, The Rayne Building, University College London, London WC1E 6JJ, UK
| | - Nadia Mercader-Huber
- Department of Developmental Biology and Regeneration, Institut für Anatomie, Universität Bern, Baltzerstrasse 2, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ian C Zachary
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Division of Medicine, The Rayne Building, University College London, London WC1E 6JJ, UK
| | - Caroline Pellet-Many
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK
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98
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Chang X, Yang Q, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Liang X, Liu Y, Xu G. Roles for VEGF-C/NRP-2 axis in regulating renal tubular epithelial cell survival and autophagy during serum deprivation. Cell Biochem Funct 2019; 37:290-300. [PMID: 31211440 PMCID: PMC6618243 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) is an angiogenic and lymphangiogenic growth factor. Recent research has revealed the role for VEGF-C in regulating autophagy by interacting with a nontyrosine kinase receptor, neuropilin-2 (NRP-2). However, whether VEGF-C participates in regulating cell survival and autophagy in renal proximal tubular cells is unknown. To address this question, we employed a cell modal of serum deprivation to verify the role of VEGF-C and its receptor NRP-2 in regulating cell survival and autophagy in NRK52E cell lines. The results show that VEGF-C rescued the loss of cell viability induced by serum deprivation in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, endogenous VEGF-C was knocked down in NRK52E cells by using specific small-interfering RNAs (siRNA), cells were more sensitive to serum deprivation-induced cell death. A similar increase in cell death rate was observed following NRP-2 depletion in serum-starved NRK52E cells. Autophagy activity in serum-starved NRK52E cells was confirmed by western blot analysis of microtubule-associated protein-1 chain 3 (LC3), immunofluorescence staining of endogenous LC3, and the formation of autophagosomes by electron microscopy. VEGF-C or NRP-2 depletion further increased LC3 expression induced by serum deprivation, suggesting that VEGF-C and NRP-2 were involved in controlling autophagy in NRK52E cells. We further performed autophagic flux experiments to identify that VEGF-C promotes the activation of autophagy in serum-starved NRK52E cells. Together, these results suggest for the first time that VEGF-C/NRP-2 axis promotes survival and autophagy in NRK52E cells under serum deprivation condition. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: More researchers had focused on the regulation of autophagy in kidney disease. The effect of VEGF-C on cell death and autophagy in renal epithelial cells has not been examined. We first identified the VEGF-C as a regulator of cell survival and autophagy in NRK52E cell lines. And VEGF-C/NRP-2 may mediate autophagy by regulating the phosphorylation of 4EBP1 and P70S6K. VEGF-C treatment may be identified as a therapeutic target in renal injury repair due to its capacity to promote tubular cell survival in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Chang
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Conghui Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Xinjun Liang
- Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
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99
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Lv Y, Hou X, Zhang Q, Li R, Xu L, Chen Y, Tian Y, Sun R, Zhang Z, Xu F. Untargeted Metabolomics Study of the In Vitro Anti-Hepatoma Effect of Saikosaponin d in Combination with NRP-1 Knockdown. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24071423. [PMID: 30978940 PMCID: PMC6480384 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24071423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Saikosaponin d (SSd) is one of the main active ingredients in Radix Bupleuri. In our study, network pharmacology databases and metabolomics were used in combination to explore the new targets and reveal the in-depth mechanism of SSd. A total of 35 potential targets were chosen through database searching (HIT and TCMID), literature mining, or chemical similarity predicting (Pubchem). Out of these obtained targets, Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) was selected for further research based on the degree of molecular docking scores and novelty. Cell viability and wound healing assays demonstrated that SSd combined with NRP-1 knockdown could significantly enhance the damage of HepG2. Metabolomics analysis was then performed to explore the underlying mechanism. The overall difference between groups was quantitatively evaluated by the metabolite deregulation score (MDS). Results showed that NRP-1 knockdown exhibited the lowest MDS, which demonstrated that the metabolic profile experienced the slightest interference. However, SSd alone, or NRP-1 knockdown in combination with SSd, were both significantly influenced. Differential metabolites mainly involved short- or long-chain carnitines and phospholipids. Further metabolic pathway analysis revealed that disturbed lipid transportation and phospholipid metabolism probably contributed to the enhanced anti-hepatoma effect by NRP-1 knockdown in combination with SSd. Taken together, in this study, we provided possible interaction mechanisms between SSd and its predicted target NRP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingtong Lv
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Xiaoying Hou
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Ruiting Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Lei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Yadong Chen
- Department of Organic Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Yuan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Rong Sun
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Zunjian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Fengguo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Song Y, Wang C, Gu Z, Cao P, Huang D, Feng G, Lian M, Zhang Y, Feng X, Gao Z. CKIP-1 suppresses odontoblastic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells via BMP2 pathway and can interact with NRP1. Connect Tissue Res 2019; 60:155-164. [PMID: 29852799 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2018.1483355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM Casein kinase 2 interacting protein-1 (CKIP-1) is a recently discovered intracellular regulator of bone formation, muscle cell differentiation, and tumor cell proliferation. Our study aims to identify the inhibition of BMP2-Smad1/5 signaling by CKIP-1 in odontoblastic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS DPSCs infected CKIP-1 siRNA or transfected CKIP-1 full-length plasmid were cultured in odontoblastic differentiation medium or added noggin (200 ng/mL) for 21 days. We examined the effects of CKIP-1 on odontoblastic differentiation, mineralized nodules formation, and interaction by western blot, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, alizarin red S staining, and immunoprecipitation. RESULTS Firstly, we have demonstrated that CKIP-1 expression markedly decreased time-dependently along with cell odontoblastic differentiation. Indeed, the silence of CKIP-1 upregulated odontoblastic differentiation via BMP2-Smad1/5 signaling, while CKIP-1 over-expression had a negative effect on odontoblastic differentiation of DPSCs. Furthermore, CKIP-1 could interact with Neuropilin-1 (NRP1). CONCLUSIONS This work provides data that advocates a novel perception on odontoblastic differentiation of DPSCs. Therefore, inhibiting the expression of CKIP-1 may be of great significance to the development of dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihua Song
- a Department of Stomatology , Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University , Nantong , Jiangsu , China
| | - Chenfei Wang
- a Department of Stomatology , Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University , Nantong , Jiangsu , China
| | - Zhifeng Gu
- b Department of Rheumatology , Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University , Nantong , Jiangsu , China
| | - Peipei Cao
- a Department of Stomatology , Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University , Nantong , Jiangsu , China
| | - Dan Huang
- a Department of Stomatology , Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University , Nantong , Jiangsu , China
| | - Guijuan Feng
- a Department of Stomatology , Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University , Nantong , Jiangsu , China
| | - Min Lian
- a Department of Stomatology , Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University , Nantong , Jiangsu , China
| | - Ye Zhang
- c Department of Stomatology , Qidong People's Hospital , Nantong , Jiangsu , China
| | - Xingmei Feng
- a Department of Stomatology , Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University , Nantong , Jiangsu , China
| | - Zhenran Gao
- d Department of Stomatology , Jiangsu Taizhou People's Hospital , Taizhou , Jiangsu , China
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