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Liu W, Zhuo Q, Wen K, Zou Q, Hu X, Qin Y. Integrated plasmonic biosensor on a vertical cavity surface emitting laser platform. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:40643-40651. [PMID: 34809399 DOI: 10.1364/oe.445520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic devices can modulate light beyond the diffraction limit and thus have unique advantages in realizing an ultracompact feature size. However, in most cases, external light coupling systems are needed, resulting in a prohibitively bulky footprint. In this paper, we propose an integrated plasmonic biosensor on a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) platform. The plasmonic resonant wavelength of the nanohole array was designed to match (detune) with the emission peak wavelength of the VCSEL before (after) binding the molecules, thus the refractive index that represents the concentration of the molecule could be measured by monitoring the light output intensity. It shows that high contrast with relative intensity difference of 98.8% can be achieved for molecular detection at conventional concentrations. The size of the device chip could be the same as a VCSEL chip with regular specification of hundreds of micrometers in length and width. These results suggest that the proposed integrated sensor device offers great potential in realistic applications.
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52
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Nanoplasmonic biosensors: Theory, structure, design, and review of recent applications. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1185:338842. [PMID: 34711322 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Nanoplasmonic biosensing shows an immense potential to satisfy the needs of the global health industry - low-cost, fast, and portable automated systems; highly sensitive and real-time detection; multiplexing and miniaturization. In this review, we presented the theory of nanoplasmonic biosensing for popular detection schemes - SPR, LSPR, and EOT - and underline the consideration for nanostructure design, material selection, and their effects on refractometric sensing performance. Later, we covered the bottom-up and top-down nanofabrication methods for nanoplasmonic biosensors. Subsequently, we reviewed the recent examples of nanoplasmonic biosensors over a wide range of clinically relevant analytes in the diagnosis and prognosis of a wide range of diseases and conditions such as biomarker proteins, infectious bacteria, viral agents. Finally, we discussed the challenges of nanoplasmonic biosensing toward clinical translation and proposed strategic avenues to be competitive against current clinical detection methods. Hopefully, nanoplasmonic biosensing can realize its potential through successful demonstrations of clinical translation in the upcoming years.
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53
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Soler M, Lechuga LM. Biochemistry strategies for label-free optical sensor biofunctionalization: advances towards real applicability. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 414:5071-5085. [PMID: 34735605 PMCID: PMC9242939 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03751-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Label-free biosensors, and especially those based on optical transducers like plasmonic or silicon photonic systems, have positioned themselves as potential alternatives for rapid and highly sensitive clinical diagnostics, on-site environmental monitoring, and for quality control in foods or other industrial applications, among others. However, most of the biosensor technology has not yet been transferred and implemented in commercial products. Among the several causes behind that, a major challenge is the lack of standardized protocols for sensor biofunctionalization. In this review, we summarize the most common methodologies for sensor surface chemical modification and bioreceptor immobilization, discussing their advantages and limitations in terms of analytical sensitivity and selectivity, reproducibility, and versatility. Special focus is placed on the suggestions of innovative strategies towards antifouling and biomimetic functional coatings to boost the applicability and reliability of optical biosensors in clinics and biomedicine. Finally, a brief overview of research directions in the area of device integration, automation, and multiplexing will give a glimpse of the future perspectives for label-free optical biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Soler
- Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group (NanoB2A), Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, BIST, and CIBER-BBN, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Laura M Lechuga
- Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group (NanoB2A), Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, BIST, and CIBER-BBN, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
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“Plasmonic Nanomaterials”: An emerging avenue in biomedical and biomedical engineering opportunities. J Adv Res 2021; 39:61-71. [PMID: 35777917 PMCID: PMC9263747 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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Pazos MD, Hu Y, Elani Y, Browning KL, Jiang N, Yetisen AK. Tattoo Inks for Optical Biosensing in Interstitial Fluid. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2101238. [PMID: 34510804 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The persistence of traditional tattoo inks presents an advantage for continuous and long-term health monitoring in point of care devices. The replacement of tattoo pigments with optical biosensors aims a promising alternative for monitoring blood biomarkers. Tattoo inks functionalization enables the control of interstitial biomarkers with correlated concentrations in plasma, to diagnose diseases, evaluate progression, and prevent complications associated with physio pathological disorders or medication mismatches. The specific biomarkers in interstitial fluid provide a new source of information, especially for skin diseases. The study of tattoo inks displays insufficient regulation in their composition, a lack of reports of the related complications, and a need for further studies on their degradation kinetics. This review focuses on tattoo optical biosensors for monitoring dermal interstitial biomarkers and discusses the clinical advantages and main challenges for in vivo implantation. Tattoo functionalization provides a minimally invasive, reversible, biocompatible, real-time sensing with long-term permanence and multiplexing capabilities for the control, diagnosis, and prevention of illness; it enables self-controlling management by the patient, but also the possibility of sending the records to the doctor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martalu D Pazos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Leo Foundation Center for Cutaneous Drug Delivery, Department of Pharmacy, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Yubing Hu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Yuval Elani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Kathryn L Browning
- Leo Foundation Center for Cutaneous Drug Delivery, Department of Pharmacy, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Nan Jiang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ali K Yetisen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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Tramontano C, Miranda B, Chianese G, De Stefano L, Forestiere C, Pirozzi M, Rea I. Design of Gelatin-Capped Plasmonic-Diatomite Nanoparticles with Enhanced Galunisertib Loading Capacity for Drug Delivery Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10755. [PMID: 34639096 PMCID: PMC8509241 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inorganic diatomite nanoparticles (DNPs) have gained increasing interest as drug delivery systems due to their porous structure, long half-life, thermal and chemical stability. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) provide DNPs with intriguing optical features that can be engineered and optimized for sensing and drug delivery applications. In this work, we combine DNPs with gelatin stabilized AuNPs for the development of an optical platform for Galunisertib delivery. To improve the DNP loading capacity, the hybrid platform is capped with gelatin shells of increasing thicknesses. Here, for the first time, full optical modeling of the hybrid system is proposed to monitor both the gelatin generation, degradation, and consequent Galunisertib release by simple spectroscopic measurements. Indeed, the shell thickness is optically estimated as a function of the polymer concentration by exploiting the localized surface plasmon resonance shifts of AuNPs. We simultaneously prove the enhancement of the drug loading capacity of DNPs and that the theoretical modeling represents an efficient predictive tool to design polymer-coated nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Tramontano
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems—Unit of Naples, National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.T.); (B.M.); (G.C.); (I.R.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Università Degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Bruno Miranda
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems—Unit of Naples, National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.T.); (B.M.); (G.C.); (I.R.)
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Università Degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giovanna Chianese
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems—Unit of Naples, National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.T.); (B.M.); (G.C.); (I.R.)
| | - Luca De Stefano
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems—Unit of Naples, National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.T.); (B.M.); (G.C.); (I.R.)
| | - Carlo Forestiere
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Università Degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy;
| | - Marinella Pirozzi
- IEOS (Istituto per l’Endocrinologia e l’Oncologia Sperimentale) “G. Salvatore” Seconda Unità—CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Ilaria Rea
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems—Unit of Naples, National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.T.); (B.M.); (G.C.); (I.R.)
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57
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Cetin AE, Kocer ZA, Topkaya SN, Yazici ZA. Handheld plasmonic biosensor for virus detection in field-settings. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS. B, CHEMICAL 2021; 344:130301. [PMID: 34149185 PMCID: PMC8206576 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2021.130301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
After World Health Organization (WHO) announced COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic, we all again realized the importance of developing rapid diagnostic kits. In this article, we introduced a lightweight and field-portable biosensor employing a plasmonic chip based on nanohole arrays integrated to a lensfree-imaging framework for label-free detection of viruses in field-settings. The platform utilizes a CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor) camera with high quantum efficiency in the spectral window of interest to monitor diffraction field patterns of nanohole arrays under the uniform illumination of an LED (light-emitting diode) source which is spectrally tuned to the plasmonic mode supported by the nanohole arrays. As an example for the applicability of our biosensor for virus detection, we could successfully demonstrate the label-free detection of H1N1 viruses, e.g., swine flu, with medically relevant concentrations. We also developed a low-cost and easy-to-use sample preparation kit to prepare the surface of the plasmonic chip for analyte binding, e.g., virus-antibody binding. In order to reveal a complete biosensor technology, we also developed a user friendly Python™ - based graphical user interface (GUI) that allows direct access to biosensor hardware, taking and processing diffraction field images, and provides virus information to the end-user. Employing highly sensitive nanohole arrays and lensfree-imaging framework, our platform could yield an LOD as low as 103 TCID50/mL. Providing accurate and rapid sensing information in a handheld platform, weighing only 70 g and 12 cm tall, without the need for bulky and expensive instrumentation, our biosensor could be a very strong candidate for diagnostic applications in resource-poor settings. As our detection scheme is based on the use of antibodies, it could quickly adapt to the detection of different viral diseases, e.g., COVID-19 or influenza, by simply coating the plasmonic chip surface with an antibody possessing affinity to the virus type of interest. Possessing this ability, our biosensor could be swiftly deployed to the field in need for rapid diagnosis, which may be an important asset to prevent the spread of diseases before turning into a pandemic by isolating patients from the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif E Cetin
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Balcova, Izmir, 35340, Turkey
| | - Zeynep A Kocer
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Balcova, Izmir, 35340, Turkey
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Balcova, Izmir, 35340, Turkey
| | - Seda Nur Topkaya
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Cigli, Izmir, 35620, Turkey
| | - Ziya Ata Yazici
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Cankaya, Ankara, 06560, Turkey
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58
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Asghari A, Wang C, Yoo KM, Rostamian A, Xu X, Shin JD, Dalir H, Chen RT. Fast, accurate, point-of-care COVID-19 pandemic diagnosis enabled through advanced lab-on-chip optical biosensors: Opportunities and challenges. APPLIED PHYSICS REVIEWS 2021; 8:031313. [PMID: 34552683 PMCID: PMC8427516 DOI: 10.1063/5.0022211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The sudden rise of the worldwide severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic in early 2020 has called into drastic action measures to perform instant detection and reduce the rate of spread. Common clinical and nonclinical diagnostic testing methods have been partially effective in satisfying the increasing demand for fast detection point-of-care (POC) methods to slow down further spread. However, accurate point-of-risk diagnosis of this emerging viral infection is paramount as the need for simultaneous standard operating procedures and symptom management of SARS-CoV-2 will be the norm for years to come. A sensitive, cost-effective biosensor with mass production capability is crucial until a universal vaccination becomes available. Optical biosensors can provide a noninvasive, extremely sensitive rapid detection platform with sensitivity down to ∼67 fg/ml (1 fM) concentration in a few minutes. These biosensors can be manufactured on a mass scale (millions) to detect the COVID-19 viral load in nasal, saliva, urine, and serological samples, even if the infected person is asymptotic. Methods investigated here are the most advanced available platforms for biosensing optical devices that have resulted from the integration of state-of-the-art designs and materials. These approaches include, but are not limited to, integrated optical devices, plasmonic resonance, and emerging nanomaterial biosensors. The lab-on-chip platforms examined here are suitable not only for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein detection but also for other contagious virions such as influenza and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Asghari
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78758, USA
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78758, USA
| | - Kyoung Min Yoo
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78758, USA
| | - Ali Rostamian
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78758, USA
| | - Xiaochuan Xu
- Omega Optics, Inc., 8500 Shoal Creek Blvd., Austin, Texas 78757, USA
| | - Jong-Dug Shin
- Omega Optics, Inc., 8500 Shoal Creek Blvd., Austin, Texas 78757, USA
| | - Hamed Dalir
- Omega Optics, Inc., 8500 Shoal Creek Blvd., Austin, Texas 78757, USA
| | - Ray T. Chen
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:
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Peng Y, Pan Y, Sun Z, Li J, Yi Y, Yang J, Li G. An electrochemical biosensor for sensitive analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 186:113309. [PMID: 33984795 PMCID: PMC8107000 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is continuously worsening globally, herein we have proposed an electrochemical biosensor for the sensitive monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. The presence of target RNA firstly triggers the catalytic hairpin assembly circuit and then initiates terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated DNA polymerization. Consequently, a large number of long single-stranded DNA products can be produced, and these negatively charged DNA products will bind a massive of positively charged electroactive molecular of Ru(NH3)63+ due to the electrostatic adsorption. Therefore, significantly amplified electrochemical signals can be generated for sensitive analysis of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the range of 0.1-1000 pM with the detection limit as low as 26 fM. Besides the excellent distinguishing ability for SARS-CoV-2 RNA against single-base mismatched RNA, the proposed biosensor can also be successfully applied to complex matrices, as well as clinical patient samples with high stability, which shows great prospects of clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Yanhong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Zhaowei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Jinlong Li
- The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210003, PR China
| | - Yongxiang Yi
- The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210003, PR China.
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Genxi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China; Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China.
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60
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Microfluidics-Based Plasmonic Biosensing System Based on Patterned Plasmonic Nanostructure Arrays. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12070826. [PMID: 34357236 PMCID: PMC8303257 DOI: 10.3390/mi12070826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This review aims to summarize the recent advances and progress of plasmonic biosensors based on patterned plasmonic nanostructure arrays that are integrated with microfluidic chips for various biomedical detection applications. The plasmonic biosensors have made rapid progress in miniaturization sensors with greatly enhanced performance through the continuous advances in plasmon resonance techniques such as surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and localized SPR (LSPR)-based refractive index sensing, SPR imaging (SPRi), and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Meanwhile, microfluidic integration promotes multiplexing opportunities for the plasmonic biosensors in the simultaneous detection of multiple analytes. Particularly, different types of microfluidic-integrated plasmonic biosensor systems based on versatile patterned plasmonic nanostructured arrays were reviewed comprehensively, including their methods and relevant typical works. The microfluidics-based plasmonic biosensors provide a high-throughput platform for the biochemical molecular analysis with the advantages such as ultra-high sensitivity, label-free, and real time performance; thus, they continue to benefit the existing and emerging applications of biomedical studies, chemical analyses, and point-of-care diagnostics.
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61
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Recent Advancements in Aptamer-Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensing Strategies. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2021; 11:bios11070233. [PMID: 34356703 PMCID: PMC8301862 DOI: 10.3390/bios11070233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) can track molecular interactions in real time, and is a powerful as well as widely used biological and chemical sensing technique. Among the different SPR-based sensing applications, aptamer-based SPR biosensors have attracted significant attention because of their simplicity, feasibility, and low cost for target detection. Continuous developments in SPR aptasensing research have led to the emergence of abundant technical and design concepts. To understand the recent advances in SPR for biosensing, this paper reviews SPR-based research from the last seven years based on different sensing-type strategies and sub-directions. The characteristics of various SPR-based applications are introduced. We hope that this review will guide the development of SPR aptamer sensors for healthcare.
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62
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Kartikasari AER, Huertas CS, Mitchell A, Plebanski M. Tumor-Induced Inflammatory Cytokines and the Emerging Diagnostic Devices for Cancer Detection and Prognosis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:692142. [PMID: 34307156 PMCID: PMC8294036 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.692142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation generated by the tumor microenvironment is known to drive cancer initiation, proliferation, progression, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. The tumor microenvironment promotes the secretion of diverse cytokines, in different types and stages of cancers. These cytokines may inhibit tumor development but alternatively may contribute to chronic inflammation that supports tumor growth in both autocrine and paracrine manners and have been linked to poor cancer outcomes. Such distinct sets of cytokines from the tumor microenvironment can be detected in the circulation and are thus potentially useful as biomarkers to detect cancers, predict disease outcomes and manage therapeutic choices. Indeed, analyses of circulating cytokines in combination with cancer-specific biomarkers have been proposed to simplify and improve cancer detection and prognosis, especially from minimally-invasive liquid biopsies, such as blood. Additionally, the cytokine signaling signatures of the peripheral immune cells, even from patients with localized tumors, are recently found altered in cancer, and may also prove applicable as cancer biomarkers. Here we review cytokines induced by the tumor microenvironment, their roles in various stages of cancer development, and their potential use in diagnostics and prognostics. We further discuss the established and emerging diagnostic approaches that can be used to detect cancers from liquid biopsies, and additionally the technological advancement required for their use in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apriliana E. R. Kartikasari
- Translational Immunology and Nanotechnology Research Program, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Cesar S. Huertas
- Integrated Photonics and Applications Centre (InPAC), School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Arnan Mitchell
- Integrated Photonics and Applications Centre (InPAC), School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Magdalena Plebanski
- Translational Immunology and Nanotechnology Research Program, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
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63
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Kovacs B, Kraft FA, Szabo Z, Nazirizadeh Y, Gerken M, Horvath R. Near cut-off wavelength operation of resonant waveguide grating biosensors. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13091. [PMID: 34158570 PMCID: PMC8219702 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92327-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerical simulations and analytical calculations are performed to support the design of grating-coupled planar optical waveguides for biological sensing. Near cut-off and far from cut-off modes are investigated, and their characteristics and suitability for sensing are compared. The numerical simulations reveal the high sensitivity of the guided mode intensity near the cut-off wavelength for any refractive index change along the waveguide. Consequently, it is sufficient to monitor the intensity change of the near cut-off sensing mode, which leads to a simpler sensor design compared to those setups where the resonant wavelength shift of the guided mode is monitored with high precision. The operating wavelength and the sensitivity of the proposed device can be tuned by varying the geometrical parameters of the corrugated waveguide. These results may lead to the development of highly sensitive integrated sensors, which have a simple design and therefore are cost-effective for a wide range of applications. These numerical findings are supported with experimental results, where the cut-off sensing mode was identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balint Kovacs
- Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, ELKH EK MFA, Budapest, Hungary.
- Division of Medical Image Computing (MIC), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Fabio Aldo Kraft
- Institute of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Zsolt Szabo
- Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Martina Gerken
- Institute of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Robert Horvath
- Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, ELKH EK MFA, Budapest, Hungary
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D’Agata R, Bellassai N, Jungbluth V, Spoto G. Recent Advances in Antifouling Materials for Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensing in Clinical Diagnostics and Food Safety. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1929. [PMID: 34200632 PMCID: PMC8229487 DOI: 10.3390/polym13121929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Strategies to develop antifouling surface coatings are crucial for surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensing in many analytical application fields, such as detecting human disease biomarkers for clinical diagnostics and monitoring foodborne pathogens and toxins involved in food quality control. In this review, firstly, we provide a brief discussion with considerations about the importance of adopting appropriate antifouling materials for achieving excellent performances in biosensing for food safety and clinical diagnosis. Secondly, a non-exhaustive landscape of polymeric layers is given in the context of surface modification and the mechanism of fouling resistance. Finally, we present an overview of some selected developments in SPR sensing, emphasizing applications of antifouling materials and progress to overcome the challenges related to the detection of targets in complex matrices relevant for diagnosis and food biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta D’Agata
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, I-95125 Catania, Italy; (N.B.); (V.J.)
| | - Noemi Bellassai
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, I-95125 Catania, Italy; (N.B.); (V.J.)
| | - Vanessa Jungbluth
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, I-95125 Catania, Italy; (N.B.); (V.J.)
| | - Giuseppe Spoto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, I-95125 Catania, Italy; (N.B.); (V.J.)
- Consorzio Interuniversitario “Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi”, c/o Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, I-95125 Catania, Italy
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Multifunctional nanoparticles as optical biosensing probe for breast cancer detection: A review. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 127:112249. [PMID: 34225888 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Optical biosensors show attractive performance in medical sensing in the event of using different nanoparticles in their design. Owing to their unique optical characteristics and biological compatibility, gold nanoparticles (GNPs), silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), bimetallic nanoparticles and magnetic nanoparticles have been broadly implemented in making sensing tools. The functionalization of these nanoparticles with different components provides an excellent opportunity to assemble selective and sensitive sensing materials to detect various biological molecules related to breast cancer. This review summarizes the recent application of optical biosensing devices based on nanomaterials and discusses their pros and cons to improve breast cancer detection in real samples. In particular, the main constituent elements of these optical biosensors including recognition and transducer elements, types of applied nanostructures, analytical sensing procedures, sensor detection ranges and limit of detection (LOD), are expressed in detail.
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Gas Sensors Based on Localized Surface Plasmon Resonances: Synthesis of Oxide Films with Embedded Metal Nanoparticles, Theory and Simulation, and Sensitivity Enhancement Strategies. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11125388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This work presents a comprehensive review on gas sensors based on localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) phenomenon, including the theory of LSPR, the synthesis of nanoparticle-embedded oxide thin films, and strategies to enhance the sensitivity of these optical sensors, supported by simulations of the electromagnetic properties. The LSPR phenomenon is known to be responsible for the unique colour effects observed in the ancient Roman Lycurgus Cup and at the windows of the medieval cathedrals. In both cases, the optical effects result from the interaction of the visible light (scattering and absorption) with the conduction band electrons of noble metal nanoparticles (gold, silver, and gold–silver alloys). These nanoparticles are dispersed in a dielectric matrix with a relatively high refractive index in order to push the resonance to the visible spectral range. At the same time, they have to be located at the surface to make LSPR sensitive to changes in the local dielectric environment, the property that is very attractive for sensing applications. Hence, an overview of gas sensors is presented, including electronic-nose systems, followed by a description of the surface plasmons that arise in noble metal thin films and nanoparticles. Afterwards, metal oxides are explored as robust and sensitive materials to host nanoparticles, followed by preparation methods of nanocomposite plasmonic thin films with sustainable techniques. Finally, several optical properties simulation methods are described, and the optical LSPR sensitivity of gold nanoparticles with different shapes, sensing volumes, and surroundings is calculated using the discrete dipole approximation method.
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Ortega-Gomez A, Loyez M, Lobry M, Chah K, Zubia J, Villatoro J, Caucheteur C. Plasmonic sensors based on tilted Bragg gratings in multicore optical fibers. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:18469-18480. [PMID: 34154102 DOI: 10.1364/oe.430181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bare and gold-coated tilted fiber Bragg gratings (TFBGs) can nowadays be considered as a mature technology for volume and surface refractometric sensing, respectively. As for other technologies, a continuous effort is made towards the production of even more sensitive sensors, thereby enabling a high-resolution screening of the surroundings and the possible detection of rare events. To this aim, we study in this work the development of TFBG refractometers in 4-core fibers. In particular, we show that the refractometric sensitivity of the cut-off mode can reach 100 nm/RIU for a bare grating. Using another demodulation method, a tenfold sensitivity increase is obtained when tracking the extremum of the SPR (surface plasmon resonance) envelope for a gold-coated TFBG configuration. Immobilization of DNA probes was performed as a proof-of-concept to assess the high surface sensitivity of the device.
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68
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Murti BT, Putri AD, Huang YJ, Wei SM, Peng CW, Yang PK. Clinically oriented Alzheimer's biosensors: expanding the horizons towards point-of-care diagnostics and beyond. RSC Adv 2021; 11:20403-20422. [PMID: 35479927 PMCID: PMC9033966 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01553b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of minimally invasive and easy-to-use sensor devices is of current interest for ultrasensitive detection and signal recognition of Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers. Over the years, tremendous effort has been made on diagnostic platforms specifically targeting neurological markers for AD in order to replace the conventional, laborious, and invasive sampling-based approaches. However, the sophistication of analytical outcomes, marker inaccessibility, and material validity strongly limit the current strategies towards effectively predicting AD. Recently, with the promising progress in biosensor technology, the realization of a clinically applicable sensing platform has become a potential option to enable early diagnosis of AD and other neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, various types of biosensors, which include electrochemical, fluorescent, plasmonic, photoelectrochemical, and field-effect transistor (FET)-based sensor configurations, with better clinical applicability and analytical performance towards AD are highlighted. Moreover, the feasibility of these sensors to achieve point-of-care (POC) diagnosis is also discussed. Furthermore, by grafting nanoscale materials into biosensor architecture, the remarkable enhancement in durability, functionality, and analytical outcome of sensor devices is presented. Finally, future perspectives on further translational and commercialization pathways of clinically driven biosensor devices for AD are discussed and summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bayu Tri Murti
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
- Semarang College of Pharmaceutical Sciences (STIFAR) Semarang City Indonesia
| | - Athika Darumas Putri
- Semarang College of Pharmaceutical Sciences (STIFAR) Semarang City Indonesia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Yi-June Huang
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Shih-Min Wei
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Peng
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Po-Kang Yang
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University Chung-li Taiwan
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69
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Design and characterization of high-affinity synthetic peptides as bioreceptors for diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:4545-4555. [PMID: 34037808 PMCID: PMC8149292 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03424-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is one of the illnesses caused by Leishmania parasite infection, which can be asymptomatic or severe according to the infecting Leishmania strain. CL is commonly diagnosed by directly detecting the parasites or their DNA in tissue samples. New diagnostic methodologies target specific proteins (biomarkers) secreted by the parasite during the infection process. However, specific bioreceptors for the in vivo or in vitro detection of these novel biomarkers are rather limited in terms of sensitivity and specificity. For this reason, we here introduce three novel peptides as bioreceptors for the highly sensitive and selective identification of acid phosphatase (sAP) and proteophosphoglycan (PPG), which have a crucial role in leishmaniasis infection. These high-affinity peptides have been designed from the conservative domains of the lectin family, holding the ability to interact with the biological target and produce the same effect than the original protein. The synthetic peptides have been characterized and the affinity and kinetic constants for their interaction with the targets (sAP and PPG) have been determined by a surface plasmon resonance biosensor. Values obtained for KD are in the nanomolar range, which is comparable to high-affinity antibodies, with the additional advantage of a high biochemical stability and simpler production. Pep2854 exhibited a high affinity for sAP (KD = 1.48 nM) while Pep2856 had a good affinity for PPG (KD 1.76 nM). This study evidences that these peptidomimetics represent a novel alternative tool to the use of high molecular weight proteins for biorecognition in the diagnostic test and biosensor devices for CL.
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70
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John-Herpin A, Kavungal D, von Mücke L, Altug H. Infrared Metasurface Augmented by Deep Learning for Monitoring Dynamics between All Major Classes of Biomolecules. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2006054. [PMID: 33615570 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202006054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Insights into the fascinating molecular world of biological processes are crucial for understanding diseases, developing diagnostics, and effective therapeutics. These processes are complex as they involve interactions between four major classes of biomolecules, i.e., proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids, which makes it important to be able to discriminate between all these different biomolecular species. In this work, a deep learning-augmented, chemically-specific nanoplasmonic technique that enables such a feat in a label-free manner to not disrupt native processes is presented. The method uses a highly sensitive multiresonant plasmonic metasurface in a microfluidic device, which enhances infrared absorption across a broadband mid-IR spectrum and in water, despite its strongly overlapping absorption bands. The real-time format of the optofluidic method enables the collection of a vast amount of spectrotemporal data, which allows the construction of a deep neural network to discriminate accurately between all major classes of biomolecules. The capabilities of the new method are demonstrated by monitoring of a multistep bioassay containing sucrose- and nucleotides-loaded liposomes interacting with a small, lipid membrane-perforating peptide. It is envisioned that the presented technology will impact the fields of biology, bioanalytics, and pharmacology from fundamental research and disease diagnostics to drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelian John-Herpin
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Deepthy Kavungal
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Lea von Mücke
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Hatice Altug
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
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Abstract
The field of single nanoparticle plasmonics has grown enormously. There is no doubt that a wide diversity of the nanoplasmonic techniques and nanostructures represents a tremendous opportunity for fundamental biomedical studies as well as sensing and imaging applications. Single nanoparticle plasmonic biosensors are efficient in label-free single-molecule detection, as well as in monitoring real-time binding events of even several biomolecules. In the present review, we have discussed the prominent advantages and advances in single particle characterization and synthesis as well as new insight into and information on biomedical diagnosis uniquely obtained using single particle approaches. The approaches include the fundamental studies of nanoplasmonic behavior, two typical methods based on refractive index change and characteristic light intensity change, exciting innovations of synthetic strategies for new plasmonic nanostructures, and practical applications using single particle sensing, imaging, and tracking. The basic sphere and rod nanostructures are the focus of extensive investigations in biomedicine, while they can be programmed into algorithmic assemblies for novel plasmonic diagnosis. Design of single nanoparticles for the detection of single biomolecules will have far-reaching consequences in biomedical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyi Ma
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| | - Sang Jun Sim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
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72
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Sheervalilou R, Shirvaliloo M, Sargazi S, Shirvalilou S, Shahraki O, Pilehvar-Soltanahmadi Y, Sarhadi A, Nazarlou Z, Ghaznavi H, Khoei S. Application of Nanobiotechnology for Early Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in the COVID-19 Pandemic. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:2615-2624. [PMID: 33710356 PMCID: PMC7952259 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11197-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A most discussed topic of the new decade, COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the recently discovered SARS-CoV-2. With an exceedingly high transmission rate, COVID-19 has affected almost all the countries in the world. Absent any vaccine or specific treatment, the humanity is left with nothing but the legacy method of quarantine. However, quarantine can only be effective when combined with early diagnosis of suspected cases. With their high sensitivity and unmatched specificity, biosensors have become an area of interest for development of novel diagnostic methods. Compared to the more traditional diagnostics, nanobiotechnology introduces biosensors as different diagnostics with greater versatility in application. Today, a growing number of analytes are being accurately identified by these nanoscopic sensing machines. Several reports of validated application with real samples further strengthen this idea. As of recent, there has been a rise in the number of studies on portable biosensors. Despite the slow progression, certain devices with embedded biosensors have managed to be of diagnostic value in several countries. The perceptible increase in development of mobile platforms has revolutionized the healthcare delivery system in the new millennium. The present article reviews the most recent advancements in development of diagnostic nanobiosensors and their application in the clinical fields. KEY POINTS: • There is no specific treatment for highly transmissible SARS-CoV-2. • Early diagnosis is critical for control of pandemic. • Highly sensitive/specific nanobiosensors are emerging assets against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roghayeh Sheervalilou
- Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, 9816743463, Iran
| | - Milad Shirvaliloo
- Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166614766, Iran
| | - Saman Sargazi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, 9816743463, Iran
| | - Sakine Shirvalilou
- Finetech in Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
| | - Omolbanin Shahraki
- Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, 9816743463, Iran
| | - Younes Pilehvar-Soltanahmadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, 5714783734, Iran
| | - Alireza Sarhadi
- Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, 9816743463, Iran
| | - Ziba Nazarlou
- Material Engineering Department, College of Science, Koç University, 34450, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Habib Ghaznavi
- Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, 9816743463, Iran.
| | - Samideh Khoei
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran.
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73
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Sharma S, Saini S, Khangembam M, Singh V. Nanomaterials-Based Biosensors for COVID-19 Detection-A Review. IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL 2021; 21:5598-5611. [PMID: 37974905 PMCID: PMC8768986 DOI: 10.1109/jsen.2020.3036748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
This review paper discusses the properties of nanomaterials, namely graphene, molybdenum disulfide, carbon nanotubes, and quantum dots for unique sensing applications. Based on the specific analyte to be detected and the functionalization techniques that are employed, some noteworthy sensors that have been developed are discussed. Further, biocompatible sensors fabricated from these materials capable of detecting specific chemical compounds are also highlighted for COVID-19 detection purposes, which can aid in efficient and reliable sensing as well as timely diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakshi Sharma
- Department of Applied PhysicsDelhi Technological UniversityNew Delhi110042India
| | - Sonakshi Saini
- Department of Applied PhysicsDelhi Technological UniversityNew Delhi110042India
| | - Maya Khangembam
- Department of Applied PhysicsDelhi Technological UniversityNew Delhi110042India
| | - Vinod Singh
- Department of Applied PhysicsDelhi Technological UniversityNew Delhi110042India
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Rastogi R, Arianfard H, Moss D, Juodkazis S, Adam PM, Krishnamoorthy S. Analyte Co-localization at Electromagnetic Gap Hot-Spots for Highly Sensitive (Bio)molecular Detection by Plasmon Enhanced Spectroscopies. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:9113-9121. [PMID: 33583180 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c17929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Electromagnetic hot-spots at ultranarrow plasmonic nanogaps carry immense potential to drive detection limits down to few molecules in sensors based on surface-enhanced Raman or fluorescence spectroscopies. However, leveraging the EM hot-spots requires access to the gaps, which in turn depends on the size of the analyte in relation to gap distances. Herein, we leverage a well-calibrated process based on self-assembly of block copolymer colloids on a full-wafer level to produce high-density plasmonic nanopillar arrays exhibiting a large number (>1010 cm-2) of uniform interpillar EM hot-spots. The approach allows convenient handles to systematically vary the interpillar gap distances down to a sub-10 nm regime. The results show compelling trends of the impact of analyte dimensions in relation to the gap distances toward their leverage over interpillar hot-spots and the resulting sensitivity in SERS-based molecular assays. Comparing the detection of labeled proteins in surface-enhanced Raman and metal-enhanced fluorescence configurations further reveal the relative advantage of fluorescence over Raman detection while encountering the spatial limitations imposed by the gaps. Quantitative assays with limits of detection down to picomolar concentrations are realized for both small organic molecules and proteins. The well-defined geometries delivered by a nanofabrication approach are critical to arriving at realistic geometric models to establish meaningful correlation between the structure, optical properties, and sensitivity of nanopillar arrays in plasmonic assays. The findings emphasize the need for the rational design of EM hot-spots that takes into account the analyte dimensions to drive ultrahigh sensitivity in plasmon-enhanced spectroscopies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishabh Rastogi
- Materials Research and Technology (MRT) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Technology, 41, Rue du Brill, Belvaux L-4422, Luxembourg
- Laboratory Light, Nanomaterials & Nanotechnologies - L2n, University of Technology of Troyes and CNRS ERL 7004, 12 rue Marie Curie, 10000 Troyes, France
| | - Hamed Arianfard
- Optical Sciences Centre, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - David Moss
- Optical Sciences Centre, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Saulius Juodkazis
- Optical Sciences Centre, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Pierre-Michel Adam
- Laboratory Light, Nanomaterials & Nanotechnologies - L2n, University of Technology of Troyes and CNRS ERL 7004, 12 rue Marie Curie, 10000 Troyes, France
| | - Sivashankar Krishnamoorthy
- Materials Research and Technology (MRT) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Technology, 41, Rue du Brill, Belvaux L-4422, Luxembourg
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75
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Tsagkaris AS, Pulkrabova J, Hajslova J. Optical Screening Methods for Pesticide Residue Detection in Food Matrices: Advances and Emerging Analytical Trends. Foods 2021; 10:E88. [PMID: 33466242 PMCID: PMC7824741 DOI: 10.3390/foods10010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pesticides have been extensively used in agriculture to protect crops and enhance their yields, indicating the need to monitor for their toxic residues in foodstuff. To achieve that, chromatographic methods coupled to mass spectrometry is the common analytical approach, combining low limits of detection, wide linear ranges, and high accuracy. However, these methods are also quite expensive, time-consuming, and require highly skilled personnel, indicating the need to seek for alternatives providing simple, low-cost, rapid, and on-site results. In this study, we critically review the available screening methods for pesticide residues on the basis of optical detection during the period 2016-2020. Optical biosensors are commonly miniaturized analytical platforms introducing the point-of-care (POC) era in the field. Various optical detection principles have been utilized, namely, colorimetry, fluorescence (FL), surface plasmon resonance (SPR), and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Nanomaterials can significantly enhance optical detection performance and handheld platforms, for example, handheld SERS devices can revolutionize testing. The hyphenation of optical assays to smartphones is also underlined as it enables unprecedented features such as one-click results using smartphone apps or online result communication. All in all, despite being in an early stage facing several challenges, i.e., long sample preparation protocols or interphone variation results, such POC diagnostics pave a new road into the food safety field in which analysis cost will be reduced and a more intensive testing will be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristeidis S. Tsagkaris
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, Prague 6—Dejvice, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.P.); (J.H.)
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Current Challenges for the Effective Management of the COVID-19 Pandemic. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1353:131-149. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-85113-2_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Pishva P, Yüce M. Nanomaterials to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic. EMERGENT MATERIALS 2021; 4:211-229. [PMID: 33615139 PMCID: PMC7880038 DOI: 10.1007/s42247-021-00184-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The rapid worldwide spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory SARS-CoV-2, has created an urgent need for its diagnosis and treatment. As a result, many researchers have sought to find the most efficient and appropriate methods to detect and treat the SARS-CoV-2 virus over the past few months. Real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing is currently used as one of the most reliable methods to detect the new virus; however, this method is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and requires trained laboratory workers. Moreover, despite its high sensitivity and specificity, false negatives are reported, especially in non-nasopharyngeal swab samples that yield lower viral loads. Therefore, designing and employing faster and more reliable methods seems necessary. In recent years, many attempts have been made to fabricate various nanomaterial-based biosensors to detect viruses and bacteria in clinical samples. The use of nanomaterials plays a significant role in improving the performance of biosensors. Plasmonic biosensors, field-effect transistor (FET)-based biosensors, electrochemical biosensors, and reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) methods are only some of the effective ways to detect viruses. However, to use these biosensors to detect the SARS-CoV-2 virus, modifications must be performed to increase sensitivity and speed of testing due to the rapidly spreading nature of SARS-CoV-2, which requires an early point of care detection and treatment for pandemic control. Several studies have been carried out to show the nanomaterial-based biosensors' performance and success in detecting the novel virus. The limit of detection, accuracy, selectivity, and detection speed are some vital features that should be considered during the design of the SARS-CoV-2 biosensors. This review summarizes various nanomaterials-based sensor platforms to detect the SARS-CoV-2, and their design, advantages, and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parsa Pishva
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Meral Yüce
- SUNUM Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Sabanci University, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey
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Haleem A, Javaid M, Singh RP, Suman R, Rab S. Biosensors applications in medical field: A brief review. SENSORS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2021.100100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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79
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Jankovics H, Kovacs B, Saftics A, Gerecsei T, Tóth É, Szekacs I, Vonderviszt F, Horvath R. Grating-coupled interferometry reveals binding kinetics and affinities of Ni ions to genetically engineered protein layers. Sci Rep 2020; 10:22253. [PMID: 33335217 PMCID: PMC7746762 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79226-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Reliable measurement of the binding kinetics of low molecular weight analytes to their targets is still a challenging task. Often, the introduction of labels is simply impossible in such measurements, and the application of label-free methods is the only reliable choice. By measuring the binding kinetics of Ni(II) ions to genetically modified flagellin layers, we demonstrate that: (1) Grating-Coupled Interferometry (GCI) is well suited to resolve the binding of ions, even at very low protein immobilization levels; (2) it supplies high quality kinetic data from which the number and strength of available binding sites can be determined, and (3) the rate constants of the binding events can also be obtained with high accuracy. Experiments were performed using a flagellin variant incorporating the C-terminal domain of the nickel-responsive transcription factor NikR. GCI results were compared to affinity data from titration calorimetry. We found that besides the low-affinity binding sites characterized by a micromolar dissociation constant (Kd), tetrameric FliC-NikRC molecules possess high-affinity binding sites with Kd values in the nanomolar range. GCI enabled us to obtain real-time kinetic data for the specific binding of an analyte with molar mass as low as 59 Da, even at signals lower than 1 pg/mm2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajnalka Jankovics
- Bio-Nanosystems Laboratory, Research Institute of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, University of Pannonia, Egyetem u. 10, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Boglarka Kovacs
- Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 29-33, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andras Saftics
- Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 29-33, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamas Gerecsei
- Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 29-33, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Tóth
- Bio-Nanosystems Laboratory, Research Institute of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, University of Pannonia, Egyetem u. 10, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Inna Szekacs
- Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 29-33, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Vonderviszt
- Bio-Nanosystems Laboratory, Research Institute of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, University of Pannonia, Egyetem u. 10, Veszprém, Hungary
- Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 29-33, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Robert Horvath
- Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 29-33, Budapest, Hungary.
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Hadisi Z, Walsh T, Dabiri SMH, Seyfoori A, Hamdi D, Mirani B, Pagan E, Jardim A, Akbari M. Management of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic: From Diagnosis to Treatment Strategies. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020; 4:2000173. [PMID: 33614905 PMCID: PMC7883285 DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Following the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2002 and the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in 2012, the world is now combating a third large‐scale outbreak caused by a coronavirus, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). After the rapid spread of SARS‐coronavirus (CoV)‐2 (the virus causing COVID‐19) from its origin in China, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) on January 30, 2020. From the beginning of the COVID‐19 pandemic, a significant number of studies have been conducted to better understand the biology and pathogenesis of the novel coronavirus, and to aid in developing effective treatment regimens, therapeutics, and vaccines. This review focuses on the recent advancements in the rapidly evolving areas of clinical care and management of COVID‐19. The emerging strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of this disease are explored, and the development of effective vaccines is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhina Hadisi
- Laboratory for Innovation in Microengineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Biomedical Research University of Victoria 3800 Finnerty Rd. Victoria BC V8P 2C5 Canada
| | - Tavia Walsh
- Laboratory for Innovation in Microengineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Biomedical Research University of Victoria 3800 Finnerty Rd. Victoria BC V8P 2C5 Canada
| | - Seyed Mohammad Hossein Dabiri
- Laboratory for Innovation in Microengineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Biomedical Research University of Victoria 3800 Finnerty Rd. Victoria BC V8P 2C5 Canada
| | - Amir Seyfoori
- Laboratory for Innovation in Microengineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Biomedical Research University of Victoria 3800 Finnerty Rd. Victoria BC V8P 2C5 Canada
| | - David Hamdi
- Laboratory for Innovation in Microengineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Biomedical Research University of Victoria 3800 Finnerty Rd. Victoria BC V8P 2C5 Canada
| | - Bahram Mirani
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Toronto Toronto ON M5S 3G8 Canada.,Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (IBBME) University of Toronto Toronto ON M5S 3G9 Canada.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering (BME) Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research University of Toronto Toronto ON M5G 1M1 Canada
| | - Erik Pagan
- Laboratory for Innovation in Microengineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Biomedical Research University of Victoria 3800 Finnerty Rd. Victoria BC V8P 2C5 Canada
| | - Armando Jardim
- Laboratory for Innovation in Microengineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Biomedical Research University of Victoria 3800 Finnerty Rd. Victoria BC V8P 2C5 Canada
| | - Mohsen Akbari
- Laboratory for Innovation in Microengineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Biomedical Research University of Victoria 3800 Finnerty Rd. Victoria BC V8P 2C5 Canada.,Center for Biomedical Research University of Victoria 3800 Finnerty Rd. Victoria BC V8P 2C5 Canada.,Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC) University of Victoria 3800 Finnerty Rd. Victoria BC V8P 2C5 Canada
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81
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Park B, Wang B, Chen J. Label-Free Immunoassay for Multiplex Detections of Foodborne Bacteria in Chicken Carcass Rinse with Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2020; 18:202-209. [PMID: 33216648 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2020.2850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The frequent outbreaks of foodborne pathogens have stimulated the demand of biosensors capable of rapid and multiplex detection of contaminated food. In this study, surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi) was used in simultaneous label-free detection of multiple foodborne pathogens, mainly Salmonella spp. and Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC), in commercial chicken carcass rinse. The antibodies were immobilized on the same SPRi sensor chip as a label-free immunoassay. Their immobilization concentrations were optimized to be ranging from 0.25 to 1.0 mg/mL, and independent of pH values. This label-free immunoassay achieved 106 colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL limit of detection for Salmonella, which was further improved to 1.0 CFU/mL with overnight bacteria enrichment. The injected samples with different bacteria, Salmonella Enteritidis, STEC, and Listeria monocytogenes, have been identified by the same biochip. Moreover, the SPRi signals revealed complex interference effects among coexisting bacteria species in heterogeneous bacteria solutions. This SPRi-based immunoassay demonstrates the great potential in high-throughput screening of multiple pathogenic bacteria coexisting in chicken carcass rinse. The reliability of antibody immobilization and cross-reactions of different antibodies on the same biochip are the major challenges of practical application of SPRi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bosoon Park
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Bin Wang
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Jing Chen
- Food Science Center, Merieux NutriSciences (China), Shanghai, China
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82
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Nath P, Kabir A, Khoubafarin Doust S, Kreais ZJ, Ray A. Detection of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens Using Photonic Point-of-Care Devices. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10100841. [PMID: 33086578 PMCID: PMC7603237 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10100841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases caused by bacteria and viruses are highly contagious and can easily be transmitted via air, water, body fluids, etc. Throughout human civilization, there have been several pandemic outbreaks, such as the Plague, Spanish Flu, Swine-Flu, and, recently, COVID-19, amongst many others. Early diagnosis not only increases the chance of quick recovery but also helps prevent the spread of infections. Conventional diagnostic techniques can provide reliable results but have several drawbacks, including costly devices, lengthy wait time, and requirement of trained professionals to operate the devices, making them inaccessible in low-resource settings. Thus, a significant effort has been directed towards point-of-care (POC) devices that enable rapid diagnosis of bacterial and viral infections. A majority of the POC devices are based on plasmonics and/or microfluidics-based platforms integrated with mobile readers and imaging systems. These techniques have been shown to provide rapid, sensitive detection of pathogens. The advantages of POC devices include low-cost, rapid results, and portability, which enables on-site testing anywhere across the globe. Here we aim to review the recent advances in novel POC technologies in detecting bacteria and viruses that led to a breakthrough in the modern healthcare industry.
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83
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Joseph S, Sarkar S, Joseph J. Grating-Coupled Surface Plasmon-Polariton Sensing at a Flat Metal-Analyte Interface in a Hybrid-Configuration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:46519-46529. [PMID: 32962344 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c12525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Surface plasmon resonance-based sensors have emerged as commercially fostering portable biodetectors. The scientific community is engaged in extensive research to improve their performance in terms of sensitivity, selectivity, and reproducibility for the recognition of specific biomolecules. Essentially, there is a need for miniaturizing the size of existing sensors with innovative designs without compromising their bioaffinity and sensitivity performance. In this work, we propose and demonstrate a grating-coupled surface plasmon polariton (SPP) sensor on a thin flat gold layer using a hybrid configuration. The proof of concept of the grating architecture has been realized through an innovative fabrication procedure, with experimental verification of its bulk sensitivity. The geometry is identical to the prism-coupling configuration, yet with miniaturization and compactness. Characteristics of the excited modes in the spectral regime of interest are investigated using the finite-difference time-domain simulations. The effective index calculation of the resonance conditions and the accompanying field distribution can identify the excited SPP and metal-assisted guided-mode resonance modes. Detailed probing of the electric field distribution of the desired SPP mode reveals an extended evanescent decay length of 1284 nm, close to the theoretical limit, and an extended propagation length of 270 μm. The experimental demonstration of the reflectance dip with two different analyte media perceived an increased bulk sensitivity of 1133 nm/RIU. Remarkably, this resonant mode exhibits sensing capabilities for a wide range of analyte refractive indexes. We believe that the fabricated configuration with observed high sensitivity and calculated ultradeep evanescent field penetration depth along with extended propagation length can lead to the designing of a hands-on biochip for detecting large biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shereena Joseph
- Photonics Research Lab, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Swagato Sarkar
- Photonics Research Lab, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Joby Joseph
- Photonics Research Lab, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
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84
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Soler M, Estevez MC, Cardenosa-Rubio M, Astua A, Lechuga LM. How Nanophotonic Label-Free Biosensors Can Contribute to Rapid and Massive Diagnostics of Respiratory Virus Infections: COVID-19 Case. ACS Sens 2020; 5:2663-2678. [PMID: 32786383 PMCID: PMC7447078 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c01180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The global sanitary crisis caused by the emergence of the respiratory virus SARS-CoV-2 and the COVID-19 outbreak has revealed the urgent need for rapid, accurate, and affordable diagnostic tests to broadly and massively monitor the population in order to properly manage and control the spread of the pandemic. Current diagnostic techniques essentially rely on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests, which provide the required sensitivity and specificity. However, its relatively long time-to-result, including sample transport to a specialized laboratory, delays massive detection. Rapid lateral flow tests (both antigen and serological tests) are a remarkable alternative for rapid point-of-care diagnostics, but they exhibit critical limitations as they do not always achieve the required sensitivity for reliable diagnostics and surveillance. Next-generation diagnostic tools capable of overcoming all the above limitations are in demand, and optical biosensors are an excellent option to surpass such critical issues. Label-free nanophotonic biosensors offer high sensitivity and operational robustness with an enormous potential for integration in compact autonomous devices to be delivered out-of-the-lab at the point-of-care (POC). Taking the current COVID-19 pandemic as a critical case scenario, we provide an overview of the diagnostic techniques for respiratory viruses and analyze how nanophotonic biosensors can contribute to improving such diagnostics. We review the ongoing published work using this biosensor technology for intact virus detection, nucleic acid detection or serological tests, and the key factors for bringing nanophotonic POC biosensors to accurate and effective COVID-19 diagnosis on the short term.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria Cardenosa-Rubio
- Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications (NanoB2A),
Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, BIST and
CIBER-BBN, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandro Astua
- Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications (NanoB2A),
Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, BIST and
CIBER-BBN, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura M. Lechuga
- Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications (NanoB2A),
Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, BIST and
CIBER-BBN, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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85
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Yan R, Wang T, Jiang X, Zhong Q, Huang X, Wang L, Yue X. Design of high-performance plasmonic nanosensors by particle swarm optimization algorithm combined with machine learning. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:375202. [PMID: 32442991 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab95b8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Metallic plasmonic nanosensors that are ultra-sensitive, label-free, and operate in real time hold great promise in the field of chemical and biological research. Conventionally, the design of these nanostructures has strongly relied on time-consuming electromagnetic simulations that iteratively solve Maxwell's equations to scan multi-dimensional parameter space until the desired sensing performance is attained. Here, we propose an algorithm based on particle swarm optimization (PSO), which in combination with a machine learning (ML) model, is used to design plasmonic sensors. The ML model is trained with the geometric structure and sensing performance of the plasmonic sensor to accurately capture the geometry-sensing performance relationships, and the well-trained ML model is then applied to the PSO algorithm to obtain the plasmonic structure with the desired sensing performance. Using the trained ML model to predict the sensing performance instead of using complex electromagnetic calculation methods allows the PSO algorithm to optimize the solutions fours orders of magnitude faster. Implementation of this composite algorithm enabled us to quickly and accurately realize a nanoridge plasmonic sensor with sensitivity as high as 142,500 nm/RIU. We expect this efficient and accurate approach to pave the way for the design of nanophotonic devices in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoqin Yan
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
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86
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Samson R, Navale GR, Dharne MS. Biosensors: frontiers in rapid detection of COVID-19. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:385. [PMID: 32818132 PMCID: PMC7417775 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02369-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid community-spread of novel human coronavirus 2019 (nCOVID19 or SARS-Cov2) and morbidity statistics has put forth an unprecedented urge for rapid diagnostics for quick and sensitive detection followed by contact tracing and containment strategies, especially when no vaccine or therapeutics are known. Currently, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) is being used widely to detect COVID-19 from various types of biological specimens, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive and may not be rapidly deployable in remote or resource-limited settings. This might lead to hindrance in acquiring realistic data of infectivity and community spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the population. This review summarizes the existing status of current diagnostic methods, their possible limitations, and the advantages of biosensor-based diagnostics over the conventional ones for the detection of SARS-Cov-2. Novel biosensors used to detect RNA-viruses include CRISPR-Cas9 based paper strip, nucleic-acid based, aptamer-based, antigen-Au/Ag nanoparticles-based electrochemical biosensor, optical biosensor, and Surface Plasmon Resonance. These could be effective tools for rapid, authentic, portable, and more promising diagnosis in the current pandemic that has affected the world economies and humanity. Present challenges and future perspectives of developing robust biosensors devices for rapid, scalable, and sensitive detection and management of COVID-19 are presented in light of the test-test-test theme of the World Health Organization (WHO).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Samson
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- CSIR-National Chemical, Laboratory, National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (NCIM), Biochemical Sciences Division, Pune, India
| | - Govinda R. Navale
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- CSIR-National Chemical, Laboratory, National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (NCIM), Biochemical Sciences Division, Pune, India
| | - Mahesh S. Dharne
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- CSIR-National Chemical, Laboratory, National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (NCIM), Biochemical Sciences Division, Pune, India
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87
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Soler M, Scholtz A, Zeto R, Armani AM. Engineering photonics solutions for COVID-19. APL PHOTONICS 2020; 5:090901. [PMID: 33015361 PMCID: PMC7523711 DOI: 10.1063/5.0021270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
As the impact of COVID-19 on society became apparent, the engineering and scientific community recognized the need for innovative solutions. Two potential roadmaps emerged: developing short-term solutions to address the immediate needs of the healthcare communities and developing mid/long-term solutions to eliminate the over-arching threat. However, in a truly global effort, researchers from all backgrounds came together in tackling this challenge. Short-term efforts have focused on re-purposing existing technologies and leveraging additive manufacturing techniques to address shortages in personal protective equipment and disinfection. More basic research efforts with mid-term and long-term impact have emphasized developing novel diagnostics and accelerating vaccines. As a foundational technology, photonics has contributed directly and indirectly to all efforts. This perspective will provide an overview of the critical role that the photonics field has played in efforts to combat the immediate COVID-19 pandemic as well as how the photonics community could anticipate contributing to future pandemics of this nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Soler
- Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications
Group (NanoB2A), Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, BIST
and CIBER-BBN, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexis Scholtz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University
of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089,
USA
| | - Rene Zeto
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and
Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles,
California 90089, USA
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88
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Development of biosensors for detection of alpha-fetoprotein: As a major biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.115961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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89
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Molinnus D, Beging S, Lowis C, Schöning MJ. Towards a Multi-Enzyme Capacitive Field-Effect Biosensor by Comparative Study of Drop-Coating and Nano-Spotting Technique. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20174924. [PMID: 32878210 PMCID: PMC7506612 DOI: 10.3390/s20174924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Multi-enzyme immobilization onto a capacitive field-effect biosensor by nano-spotting technique is presented. The nano-spotting technique allows to immobilize different enzymes simultaneously on the sensor surface with high spatial resolution without additional photolithographical patterning. The amount of applied enzymatic cocktail on the sensor surface can be tailored. Capacitive electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) field-effect sensors with Ta2O5 as pH-sensitive transducer layer have been chosen to immobilize the three different (pL droplets) enzymes penicillinase, urease, and glucose oxidase. Nano-spotting immobilization is compared to conventional drop-coating method by defining different geometrical layouts on the sensor surface (fully, half-, and quarter-spotted). The drop diameter is varying between 84 µm and 102 µm, depending on the number of applied drops (1 to 4) per spot. For multi-analyte detection, penicillinase and urease are simultaneously nano-spotted on the EIS sensor. Sensor characterization was performed by C/V (capacitance/voltage) and ConCap (constant capacitance) measurements. Average penicillin, glucose, and urea sensitivities for the spotted enzymes were 81.7 mV/dec, 40.5 mV/dec, and 68.9 mV/dec, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Molinnus
- Institute of Nano- and Biotechnologies (INB), FH Aachen, Campus Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (D.M.); (S.B.); (C.L.)
| | - Stefan Beging
- Institute of Nano- and Biotechnologies (INB), FH Aachen, Campus Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (D.M.); (S.B.); (C.L.)
| | - Carsten Lowis
- Institute of Nano- and Biotechnologies (INB), FH Aachen, Campus Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (D.M.); (S.B.); (C.L.)
| | - Michael J. Schöning
- Institute of Nano- and Biotechnologies (INB), FH Aachen, Campus Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (D.M.); (S.B.); (C.L.)
- Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-3), Research Center Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- Correspondence:
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90
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Huertas CS, Soler M, Estevez MC, Lechuga LM. One-Step Immobilization of Antibodies and DNA on Gold Sensor Surfaces via a Poly-Adenine Oligonucleotide Approach. Anal Chem 2020; 92:12596-12604. [PMID: 32786435 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Label-free plasmonic biosensors have demonstrated promising capabilities as analytical tools for the detection of virtually any type of biomarker. They are presented as good candidates for precision diagnostics since they offer highly sensitive, cost-effective solutions that can be used in any clinical or laboratory setting without the need for specialized trainees. However, different surface functionalization protocols are required, depending on the nature of the biorecognition element, limiting their capabilities for integrated multi-biomarker detection. Here, we present a simple, yet efficient, one-step immobilization approach that is common for both DNA probes and antibodies. Our immobilization approach relies on the incorporation of poly-adenine (polyA) blocks in both nucleic acid probes and antibodies. PolyA sequences have a remarkable affinity for gold surfaces and can specifically interact with sufficient strength to generate stable, dense, and highly ordered monolayers. We have demonstrated excellent performance of our universal functionalization method, showing limits of detection and quantification in the pM-nM range. Moreover, it was able to reduce up to 50% of the background signal from undiluted serum samples compared to conventional methods, demonstrating the immense potential of this strategy for the direct analysis of human biofluids, essential for rapid point-of-care diagnostics. The polyA-based immobilization approach is a promising alternative for the generation of multiplexed biosensors that can detect both protein and nucleic acid biomarkers for multiparametric diagnostic assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar S Huertas
- Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group, Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, CIBER-BBN and BIST, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain.,Integrated Photonics and Applications Centre, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Maria Soler
- Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group, Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, CIBER-BBN and BIST, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - M-Carmen Estevez
- Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group, Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, CIBER-BBN and BIST, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - Laura M Lechuga
- Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group, Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, CIBER-BBN and BIST, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain
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91
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Rabiee N, Bagherzadeh M, Ghasemi A, Zare H, Ahmadi S, Fatahi Y, Dinarvand R, Rabiee M, Ramakrishna S, Shokouhimehr M, Varma RS. Point-of-Use Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2: Nanotechnology-Enabled Solutions for the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5126. [PMID: 32698479 PMCID: PMC7404277 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21145126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused the COVID-19 pandemic that has been spreading around the world since December 2019. More than 10 million affected cases and more than half a million deaths have been reported so far, while no vaccine is yet available as a treatment. Considering the global healthcare urgency, several techniques, including whole genome sequencing and computed tomography imaging have been employed for diagnosing infected people. Considerable efforts are also directed at detecting and preventing different modes of community transmission. Among them is the rapid detection of virus presence on different surfaces with which people may come in contact. Detection based on non-contact optical techniques is very helpful in managing the spread of the virus, and to aid in the disinfection of surfaces. Nanomaterial-based methods are proven suitable for rapid detection. Given the immense need for science led innovative solutions, this manuscript critically reviews recent literature to specifically illustrate nano-engineered effective and rapid solutions. In addition, all the different techniques are critically analyzed, compared, and contrasted to identify the most promising methods. Moreover, promising research ideas for high accuracy of detection in trace concentrations, via color change and light-sensitive nanostructures, to assist fingerprint techniques (to identify the virus at the contact surface of the gas and solid phase) are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Rabiee
- Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11155-3516, Iran; (N.R.); (M.B.)
| | - Mojtaba Bagherzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11155-3516, Iran; (N.R.); (M.B.)
| | - Amir Ghasemi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11155-9466, Iran;
| | - Hossein Zare
- Biomaterials Group, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16844, Iran;
| | - Sepideh Ahmadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19857-17443, Iran;
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19857-17443, Iran
| | - Yousef Fatahi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14155-6451, Iran; (Y.F.); (R.D.)
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14155-6451, Iran
- Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran 15875-4413, Iran
| | - Rassoul Dinarvand
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14155-6451, Iran; (Y.F.); (R.D.)
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14155-6451, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rabiee
- Biomaterial Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 15875-4413, Iran;
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Center for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore;
| | - Mohammadreza Shokouhimehr
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Rajender S. Varma
- Regional Center of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacky University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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92
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Recent advances in optical biosensors for the detection of cancer biomarker α-fetoprotein (AFP). Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.115920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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93
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Plasmonic Metasensors Based on 2D Hybrid Atomically Thin Perovskite Nanomaterials. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10071289. [PMID: 32629982 PMCID: PMC7407500 DOI: 10.3390/nano10071289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we have designed highly sensitive plasmonic metasensors based on atomically thin perovskite nanomaterials with a detection limit up to 10−10 refractive index units (RIU) for the target sample solutions. More importantly, we have improved phase singularity detection with the Goos–Hänchen (GH) effect. The GH shift is known to be closely related to optical phase signal changes; it is much more sensitive and sharp than the phase signal in the plasmonic condition, while the experimental measurement setup is much more compact than that of the commonly used interferometer scheme to exact the phase signals. Here, we have demonstrated that plasmonic sensitivity can reach a record-high value of 1.2862 × 109 µm/RIU with the optimum configurations for the plasmonic metasensors. The phase singularity-induced GH shift is more than three orders of magnitude larger than those achievable in other metamaterial schemes, including Ag/TiO2 hyperbolic multilayer metamaterials (HMMs), metal–insulator–metal (MIM) multilayer waveguides with plasmon-induced transparency (PIT), and metasurface devices with a large phase gradient. GH sensitivity has been improved by more than 106 times with the atomically thin perovskite metasurfaces (1.2862 × 109 µm/RIU) than those without (918.9167 µm/RIU). The atomically thin perovskite nanomaterials with high absorption rates enable precise tuning of the depth of the plasmonic resonance dip. As such, one can optimize the structure to reach near zero-reflection at the resonance angle and the associated sharp phase singularity, which leads to a strongly enhanced GH lateral shift at the sensor interface. By integrating the 2D perovskite nanolayer into a metasurface structure, a strong localized electric field enhancement can be realized and GH sensitivity was further improved to 1.5458 × 109 µm/RIU. We believe that this enhanced electric field together with the significantly improved GH shift would enable single molecular or even submolecular detection for hard-to-identify chemical and biological markers, including single nucleotide mismatch in the DNA sequence, toxic heavy metal ions, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα).
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Calvo-Lozano O, Aviñó A, Friaza V, Medina-Escuela A, S. Huertas C, Calderón EJ, Eritja R, Lechuga LM. Fast and Accurate Pneumocystis Pneumonia Diagnosis in Human Samples Using a Label-Free Plasmonic Biosensor. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10061246. [PMID: 32604931 PMCID: PMC7353103 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Pneumocystis jirovecii is a fungus responsible for human Pneumocystis pneumonia, one of the most severe infections encountered in immunodepressed individuals. The diagnosis of Pneumocystis pneumonia continues to be challenging due to the absence of specific symptoms in infected patients. Moreover, the standard diagnostic method employed for its diagnosis involves mainly PCR-based techniques, which besides being highly specific and sensitive, require specialized personnel and equipment and are time-consuming. Our aim is to demonstrate an optical biosensor methodology based on surface plasmon resonance to perform such diagnostics in an efficient and decentralized scheme. The biosensor methodology employs poly-purine reverse-Hoogsteen hairpin probes for the detection of the mitochondrial large subunit ribosomal RNA (mtLSU rRNA) gene, related to P. jirovecii detection. The biosensor device performs a real-time and label-free identification of the mtLSU rRNA gene with excellent selectivity and reproducibility, achieving limits of detection of around 2.11 nM. A preliminary evaluation of clinical samples showed rapid, label-free and specific identification of P. jirovecii in human lung fluids such as bronchoalveolar lavages or nasopharyngeal aspirates. These results offer a door for the future deployment of a sensitive diagnostic tool for fast, direct and selective detection of Pneumocystis pneumonia disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olalla Calvo-Lozano
- Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group (NanoB2A), Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, CIBER in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine and BIST, Campus UAB Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (O.C.-L.); (C.S.H.); (L.M.L.)
| | - Anna Aviñó
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC), CSIC, CIBER in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine c/Jordi Girona 18–26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain;
- Correspondence:
| | - Vicente Friaza
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville and CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health, 41013 Seville, Spain; (V.F.); (E.J.C.)
| | - Alfonso Medina-Escuela
- Institute for Applied Microelectronics (IUMA), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas, Spain;
| | - César S. Huertas
- Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group (NanoB2A), Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, CIBER in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine and BIST, Campus UAB Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (O.C.-L.); (C.S.H.); (L.M.L.)
- Integrated Photonics and Applications Centre, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne 3001, Australia
| | - Enrique J. Calderón
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville and CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health, 41013 Seville, Spain; (V.F.); (E.J.C.)
- Department of Medicine, University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Ramón Eritja
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC), CSIC, CIBER in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine c/Jordi Girona 18–26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Laura M. Lechuga
- Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group (NanoB2A), Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, CIBER in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine and BIST, Campus UAB Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (O.C.-L.); (C.S.H.); (L.M.L.)
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95
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Qiu G, Gai Z, Tao Y, Schmitt J, Kullak-Ublick GA, Wang J. Dual-Functional Plasmonic Photothermal Biosensors for Highly Accurate Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Detection. ACS NANO 2020; 14:5268-5277. [PMID: 32281785 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c0243910.1021/acsnano.0c02439.s001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The ongoing outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has spread globally and poses a threat to public health in more than 200 countries. Reliable laboratory diagnosis of the disease has been one of the foremost priorities for promoting public health interventions. The routinely used reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is currently the reference method for COVID-19 diagnosis. However, it also reported a number of false-positive or -negative cases, especially in the early stages of the novel virus outbreak. In this work, a dual-functional plasmonic biosensor combining the plasmonic photothermal (PPT) effect and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensing transduction provides an alternative and promising solution for the clinical COVID-19 diagnosis. The two-dimensional gold nanoislands (AuNIs) functionalized with complementary DNA receptors can perform a sensitive detection of the selected sequences from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) through nucleic acid hybridization. For better sensing performance, the thermoplasmonic heat is generated on the same AuNIs chip when illuminated at their plasmonic resonance frequency. The localized PPT heat is capable to elevate the in situ hybridization temperature and facilitate the accurate discrimination of two similar gene sequences. Our dual-functional LSPR biosensor exhibits a high sensitivity toward the selected SARS-CoV-2 sequences with a lower detection limit down to the concentration of 0.22 pM and allows precise detection of the specific target in a multigene mixture. This study gains insight into the thermoplasmonic enhancement and its applicability in the nucleic acid tests and viral disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Qiu
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Zhibo Gai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zürich, Zürich 8091, Switzerland
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China
| | - Yile Tao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Jean Schmitt
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Gerd A Kullak-Ublick
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zürich, Zürich 8091, Switzerland
- Mechanistic Safety, CMO & Patient Safety, Global Drug Development, Novartis Pharma, Basel 4002, Switzerland
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
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96
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Qiu G, Gai Z, Tao Y, Schmitt J, Kullak-Ublick GA, Wang J. Dual-Functional Plasmonic Photothermal Biosensors for Highly Accurate Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Detection. ACS NANO 2020; 14:5268-5277. [PMID: 32281785 PMCID: PMC7158889 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c02439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 631] [Impact Index Per Article: 157.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The ongoing outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has spread globally and poses a threat to public health in more than 200 countries. Reliable laboratory diagnosis of the disease has been one of the foremost priorities for promoting public health interventions. The routinely used reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is currently the reference method for COVID-19 diagnosis. However, it also reported a number of false-positive or -negative cases, especially in the early stages of the novel virus outbreak. In this work, a dual-functional plasmonic biosensor combining the plasmonic photothermal (PPT) effect and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensing transduction provides an alternative and promising solution for the clinical COVID-19 diagnosis. The two-dimensional gold nanoislands (AuNIs) functionalized with complementary DNA receptors can perform a sensitive detection of the selected sequences from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) through nucleic acid hybridization. For better sensing performance, the thermoplasmonic heat is generated on the same AuNIs chip when illuminated at their plasmonic resonance frequency. The localized PPT heat is capable to elevate the in situ hybridization temperature and facilitate the accurate discrimination of two similar gene sequences. Our dual-functional LSPR biosensor exhibits a high sensitivity toward the selected SARS-CoV-2 sequences with a lower detection limit down to the concentration of 0.22 pM and allows precise detection of the specific target in a multigene mixture. This study gains insight into the thermoplasmonic enhancement and its applicability in the nucleic acid tests and viral disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Qiu
- Institute of Environmental Engineering,
ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093,
Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa,
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and
Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Zhibo Gai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology,
University Hospital Zurich, University of Zürich,
Zürich 8091, Switzerland
- Experimental Center, Shandong University
of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR
China
| | - Yile Tao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering,
ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093,
Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa,
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and
Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Jean Schmitt
- Institute of Environmental Engineering,
ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093,
Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa,
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and
Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Gerd A. Kullak-Ublick
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology,
University Hospital Zurich, University of Zürich,
Zürich 8091, Switzerland
- Mechanistic Safety, CMO & Patient Safety, Global
Drug Development, Novartis Pharma, Basel 4002,
Switzerland
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering,
ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093,
Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa,
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and
Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
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Abstract
The detection of biomarkers is critical for enabling early disease diagnosis, monitoring the progression, and tracking the effectiveness of therapeutic intervention. Plasmonic sensors exhibit a broad range of analytical capabilities, from the rapid generation of colorimetric readouts to single-molecule sensitivity in ultralow sample volumes, which have led to their increased exploration in bioanalysis and point-of-care applications. This perspective presents selected accounts of recent developments on the different types of plasmonic sensing platforms, the pervasive challenges, and outlook on the pathway to translation. We highlight the sensing of upcoming biomarkers, including microRNA, circulating tumor cells, exosomes, and cell-free DNA, and discuss the opportunity of utilizing plasmonic nanomaterials and tools for biomarker detection beyond biofluids, such as in tissues, organs, and disease sites. The integration of plasmonic biosensors with established and upcoming technologies of instrumentation, sample pretreatment, and data analysis will help realize their translation to clinical settings for improving healthcare and enhancing the quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Cathcart
- Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street Toronto, Ontario, Canada M3J 1P3
| | - Jennifer I L Chen
- Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street Toronto, Ontario, Canada M3J 1P3
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98
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Oligonucleotide Detection and Optical Measurement with Graphene Oxide in the Presence of Bovine Serum Albumin Enabled by Use of Surfactants and Salts. COATINGS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings10040420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
As graphene oxide-based oligonucleotide biosensors improve, there is a growing need to explore their ability to retain high sensitivity for low target concentrations in the context of biological fluids. Therefore, we innovatively combined assay milieu factors that could influence the key performance parameters of DNA hybridization and graphene oxide (GO) colloid dispersion, verifying their suitability to enhance oligonucleotide–GO interactions and biosensor performance. As a model system, we tested single-strand (ss) DNA detection in a complex solution containing bovine serum albumin (BSA) and salts with surfactants. A fluorescein conjugated 30-mer oligonucleotide ssDNA probe was combined with its complementary cDNA target, together with solute dispersed GO and either non-ionic (Triton X-100 and Tween-20) or anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) surfactants. In this context, we compared the effect of divalent Mg2+ or monovalent Na+ salts on GO binding for the quench-based detection of specific target–probe DNA hybridization. GO biosensor strategies for quench-based DNA detection include a “turn on” enhancement of fluorescence upon target–probe interaction versus a “turn off” decreased fluorescence for the GO-bound probe. We found that the sensitive and specific detection of low concentrations of oligonucleotide target was best achieved using a strategy that involved target–probe DNA hybridization in the solution with a subsequent modified “turn-off” GO capture and the quenching of the unhybridized probe. Using carefully formulated assay procedures that prevented GO aggregation, the preferential binding and quenching of the unhybridized probe were both achieved using 0.1% BSA, 0.065% SDS and 6 mM NaCl. This resulted in the sensitive measurement of the specific target–probe complexes remaining in the solution. The fluorescein-conjugated single stranded probe (FAM–ssDNA) exhibited linearity to cDNA hybridization with concentrations in the range of 1–8 nM, with a limit of detection equivalent to 0.1 pmoles of target in 100 µL of assay mix. We highlight a general approach that may be adopted for oligonucleotide target detection within complex solutions.
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99
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Liu J, Jalali M, Mahshid S, Wachsmann-Hogiu S. Are plasmonic optical biosensors ready for use in point-of-need applications? Analyst 2019; 145:364-384. [PMID: 31832630 DOI: 10.1039/c9an02149c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonics has drawn significant attention in the area of biosensors for decades due to the unique optical properties of plasmonic resonant nanostructures. While the sensitivity and specificity of molecular detection relies significantly on the resonance conditions, significant attention has been dedicated to the design, fabrication, and optimization of plasmonic substrates. The adequate choice of materials, structures, and functionality goes hand in hand with a fundamental understanding of plasmonics to enable the development of practical biosensors that can be deployed in real life situations. Here we provide a brief review of plasmonic biosensors detailing most recent developments and applications. Besides metals, novel plasmonic materials such as graphene are highlighted. Sensors based on Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR), Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR), and Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) are presented and classified based on their materials and structure. In addition, most recent applications to environment monitoring, health diagnosis, and food safety are presented. Potential problems related to the implementation in such applications are discussed and an outlook is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Mahsa Jalali
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Sara Mahshid
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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100
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Huertas CS, Bonnal S, Soler M, Escuela AM, Valcárcel J, Lechuga LM. Site-Specific mRNA Cleavage for Selective and Quantitative Profiling of Alternative Splicing with Label-Free Optical Biosensors. Anal Chem 2019; 91:15138-15146. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cesar S. Huertas
- Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group, Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, BIST and CIBER-BBN, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- Integrated Photonics and Applications Centre, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Sophie Bonnal
- Centre de Regulació Genòmica and BIST, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Soler
- Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group, Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, BIST and CIBER-BBN, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso M. Escuela
- Institute for Applied Microelectronics (IUMA). University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, E-35017 Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Juan Valcárcel
- Centre de Regulació Genòmica and BIST, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura M. Lechuga
- Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group, Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, BIST and CIBER-BBN, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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