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Il'yasova D, Kinev A, Grégoire R, Beeson CC. A Cell-Based Approach to Study the Associations Between Mitochondrial Health, Early Life Exposures, and Consequent Health Outcomes. Front Public Health 2019; 7:36. [PMID: 30918888 PMCID: PMC6424859 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2019.00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dora Il'yasova
- Department of Population Health Science, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | | | - Rose Grégoire
- Department of Population Health Science, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Craig C Beeson
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
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52
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Hunter DJ, James L, Hussey B, Wadley AJ, Lindley MR, Mastana SS. Impact of aerobic exercise and fatty acid supplementation on global and gene-specific DNA methylation. Epigenetics 2019; 14:294-309. [PMID: 30764736 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2019.1582276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle interventions, including exercise and dietary supplementation, can modify DNA methylation and exert health benefits; however, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here we investigated the impact of acute aerobic exercise and the supplementation of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) on global and gene-specific (PPARGC1A, IL6 and TNF) DNA methylation, and DNMT mRNA expression in leukocytes of disease-free individuals. Eight trained male cyclists completed an exercise test before and after a four-week supplementation of n-3 PUFA and EVOO in a double-blind, randomised, repeated measures design. Exercise triggered global hypomethylation (Pre 79.2%; Post 78.7%; p = 0.008), alongside, hypomethylation (Pre 6.9%; Post 6.3%; p < 0.001) and increased mRNA expression of PPARGC1A (p < 0.001). Associations between PPARGC1A methylation and exercise performance were also detected. An interaction between supplement and trial was detected for a single CpG of IL6 indicating increased DNA methylation following n-3 PUFA and decreased methylation following EVOO (p = 0.038). Global and gene-specific DNA methylation associated with markers of inflammation and oxidative stress. The supplementation of EVOO reduced DNMT1 mRNA expression compared to n-3 PUFA supplementation (p = 0.048), whereas, DNMT3a (p = 0.018) and DNMT3b (p = 0.046) mRNA expression were decreased following exercise. In conclusion, we demonstrate that acute exercise and dietary supplementation of n-3 PUFAs and EVOO induce DNA methylation changes in leukocytes, potentially via the modulation of DNMT mRNA expression. Future studies are required to further elucidate the impact of lifestyle interventions on DNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David John Hunter
- a Translational Chemical Biology Research Group, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences , Loughborough University , Loughborough , UK.,b National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences , Loughborough University , Loughborough , UK
| | - Lynsey James
- a Translational Chemical Biology Research Group, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences , Loughborough University , Loughborough , UK.,b National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences , Loughborough University , Loughborough , UK
| | - Bethan Hussey
- a Translational Chemical Biology Research Group, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences , Loughborough University , Loughborough , UK.,b National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences , Loughborough University , Loughborough , UK
| | - Alex J Wadley
- b National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences , Loughborough University , Loughborough , UK.,c University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Infirmary Square , Leicester , UK
| | - Martin R Lindley
- a Translational Chemical Biology Research Group, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences , Loughborough University , Loughborough , UK.,b National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences , Loughborough University , Loughborough , UK
| | - Sarabjit S Mastana
- a Translational Chemical Biology Research Group, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences , Loughborough University , Loughborough , UK.,b National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences , Loughborough University , Loughborough , UK
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53
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Li Z, Forshaw TE, Holmila RJ, Vance SA, Wu H, Poole LB, Furdui CM, King SB. Triphenylphosphonium-Derived Protein Sulfenic Acid Trapping Agents: Synthesis, Reactivity, and Effect on Mitochondrial Function. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:526-534. [PMID: 30784263 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Redox-mediated protein modifications control numerous processes in both normal and disease metabolism. Protein sulfenic acids, formed from the oxidation of protein cysteine residues, play a critical role in thiol-based redox signaling. The reactivity of protein sulfenic acids requires their identification through chemical trapping, and this paper describes the use of the triphenylphosphonium (TPP) ion to direct known sulfenic acid traps to the mitochondria, a verified source of cellular reactive oxygen species. Coupling of the TPP group with the 2,4-(dioxocyclohexyl)propoxy (DCP) unit and the bicyclo[6.1.0]nonyne (BCN) group produces two new probes, DCP-TPP and BCN-TPP. DCP-TPP and BCN-TPP react with C165A AhpC-SOH, a model protein sulfenic acid, to form the expected adducts with second-order rate constants of k = 1.1 M-1 s-1 and k = 5.99 M-1 s-1, respectively, as determined by electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The TPP group does not alter the rate of DCP-TPP reaction with protein sulfenic acid compared to dimedone but slows the rate of BCN-TPP reaction compared to a non-TPP-containing BCN-OH control by 4.6-fold. The hydrophobic TPP group may interact with the protein, preventing an optimal reaction orientation for BCN-TPP. Unlike BCN-OH, BCN-TPP does not react with the protein persulfide, C165A AhpC-SSH. Extracellular flux measurements using A549 cells show that DCP-TPP and BCN-TPP influence mitochondrial energetics, with BCN-TPP producing a drastic decrease in basal respiration, perhaps due to its faster reaction kinetics with sulfenylated proteins. Further control experiments with BCN-OH, TPP-COOH, and dimedone provide strong evidence for mitochondrial localization and accumulation of DCP-TPP and BCN-TPP. These results reveal the compatibility of the TPP group with reactive sulfenic acid probes as a mitochondrial director and support the use of the TPP group in the design of sulfenic acid traps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Li
- Department of Chemistry , Wake Forest University , Winston-Salem , North Carolina 27101 , United States
| | - Tom E Forshaw
- Department of Internal Medicine , Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem , North Carolina 27157 , United States.,Center for Redox Biology and Medicine , Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem , North Carolina 27157 , United States
| | - Reetta J Holmila
- Department of Internal Medicine , Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem , North Carolina 27157 , United States.,Center for Redox Biology and Medicine , Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem , North Carolina 27157 , United States
| | - Stephen A Vance
- Department of Chemistry , Wake Forest University , Winston-Salem , North Carolina 27101 , United States.,Center for Redox Biology and Medicine , Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem , North Carolina 27157 , United States
| | - Hanzhi Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine , Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem , North Carolina 27157 , United States.,Center for Redox Biology and Medicine , Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem , North Carolina 27157 , United States
| | - Leslie B Poole
- Department of Biochemistry , Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem , North Carolina 27157 , United States.,Center for Redox Biology and Medicine , Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem , North Carolina 27157 , United States
| | - Cristina M Furdui
- Department of Internal Medicine , Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem , North Carolina 27157 , United States.,Center for Redox Biology and Medicine , Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem , North Carolina 27157 , United States
| | - S Bruce King
- Department of Chemistry , Wake Forest University , Winston-Salem , North Carolina 27101 , United States.,Center for Redox Biology and Medicine , Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem , North Carolina 27157 , United States
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54
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Hedges CP, Woodhead JST, Wang HW, Mitchell CJ, Cameron-Smith D, Hickey AJR, Merry TL. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells do not reflect skeletal muscle mitochondrial function or adaptation to high-intensity interval training in healthy young men. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019; 126:454-461. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00777.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Measurement of skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration requires invasive biopsy to obtain a muscle sample. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) mitochondrial protein content appears to reflect training status in young men; however, no studies have investigated whether there are training-induced changes in PBMC mitochondrial respiration. Therefore, we determined whether PBMC mitochondrial respiration could be used as a marker of skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration in young healthy men and whether PBMC mitochondrial respiration responds to short-term training. Skeletal muscle and PBMC samples from 10 healthy young (18–35 yr) male participants were taken before and after a 2-wk high-intensity interval training protocol. High-resolution respirometry was used to determine mitochondrial respiration from muscle and PBMCs, and Western blotting and quantitative PCR were used to assess mitochondrial biogenesis in PBMCs. PBMC mitochondrial respiration was not correlated with muscle mitochondrial respiration at baseline ( R2 = 0.012–0.364, P > 0.05). While muscle mitochondrial respiration increased in response to training (32.1–61.5%, P < 0.05), PBMC respiration was not affected by training. Consequently, PBMCs did not predict training effect on muscle mitochondrial respiration ( R2 = 0.024–0.283, P > 0.05). Similarly, gene and protein markers of mitochondrial biogenesis did not increase in PBMCs following training. This suggests PBMC mitochondrial function does not reflect that of skeletal muscle and does not increase following short-term high-intensity training. PBMCs are therefore not a suitable biomarker for muscle mitochondrial function in young healthy men. It may be useful to study PBMC mitochondrial function as a biomarker of muscle mitochondrial function in pathological populations with different respiration capacities. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Research in primates has suggested that peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) may provide a less-invasive alternative to a muscle biopsy for measuring muscle mitochondrial function. Furthermore, trained individuals appear to have greater mitochondrial content in PBMCs. Here we show that in healthy young men, PBMCs do not reflect skeletal muscle mitochondrial function and do not adapt in response to a training intervention that increases muscle mitochondrial function, suggesting PBMCs are a poor marker of muscle mitochondrial function in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. P. Hedges
- Discipline of Nutrition, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Applied Surgery and Metabolism Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - J. S. T. Woodhead
- Discipline of Nutrition, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - H. W. Wang
- Applied Surgery and Metabolism Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - C. J. Mitchell
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - D. Cameron-Smith
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - A. J. R. Hickey
- Applied Surgery and Metabolism Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - T. L. Merry
- Discipline of Nutrition, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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55
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Klinedinst NJ, Schuh R, Kittner SJ, Regenold WT, Kehs G, Hoch C, Hackney A, Fiskum G. Post-stroke fatigue as an indicator of underlying bioenergetics alterations. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2019; 51:165-174. [PMID: 30617735 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-018-9782-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Approximately half of stroke survivors suffer from clinically significant fatigue, contributing to poor quality of life, depression, dependency, and increased mortality. The etiology of post-stroke fatigue is not well understood and treatment is limited. This study tested the hypothesis that systemic aerobic energy metabolism, as reflected by platelet oxygen consumption, is negatively associated with fatigue and systemic inflammation is positively associated with fatigue in chronic ischemic stroke survivors. Data on self-reported level of fatigue, platelet oxygen consumption rates (OCR) and plasma inflammatory markers were analyzed from 20 ischemic stroke survivors. DNA copy number for two mitochondrial genes was measured as a marker of platelet mitochondrial content. Basal and protonophore-stimulated maximal platelet OCR showed a biphasic relationship to fatigue. Platelet OCR was negatively associated with low to moderate fatigue but was positively associated with moderate to high fatigue. DNA copy number was not associated with either fatigue or platelet OCR. Fatigue was negatively associated with C-reactive protein but not with other inflammatory markers. Post-stroke fatigue may be indicative of a systemic cellular energy dysfunction that is reflected in platelet energy metabolism. The biphasic relationship of fatigue to platelet OCR may indicate an ineffective bioenergetic compensatory response that has been observed in other pathological states.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Jennifer Klinedinst
- University of Maryland School of Nursing, Room 325B, 655 W. Lombard Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
| | - Rosemary Schuh
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Steven J Kittner
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, 10 N. Greene Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - William T Regenold
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Glenn Kehs
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Christine Hoch
- University of Maryland School of Nursing, Room 325B, 655 W. Lombard Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Alisha Hackney
- University of Maryland School of Nursing, Room 325B, 655 W. Lombard Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Gary Fiskum
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
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56
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Brown PJ, Wall MM, Chen C, Levine ME, Yaffe K, Roose SP, Rutherford BR. Biological Age, Not Chronological Age, Is Associated with Late-Life Depression. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2018; 73:1370-1376. [PMID: 28958059 PMCID: PMC6132120 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glx162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The pathophysiology of late-life depression (LLD) is complex and heterogeneous, with age-related processes implicated in its pathogenesis. This study examined the cross-sectional and longitudinal association between depressive symptoms and a baseline multibiomarker algorithm of biological age (BA) that aggregates indicators of inflammatory, metabolic, cardiovascular, lung, liver, and kidney functioning. Method Data were analyzed from 2,776 men and women from the prospective observational Health Aging and Body Composition Study, who had both evaluable chronological age (CA) and BA. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. Results A covariate-adjusted regression model showed that BA (B = 0.03, p = .0471) but not CA (B = -0.01, p = .7185) is associated with baseline CES-D scores. The mean baseline BA for individuals with a CES-D ≥ 10 was 1.28 years greater than in those with a CES-D < 10. Comparatively, there is only a 0.05-year difference in mean CA between the two depression groups. A covariate-adjusted longitudinal model found that baseline BA predicts CES-D score at follow-up (B = 0.04, p = .0058), whereas CA does not (B = 0.03, p = .4125). Additionally, an older BA significantly predicted a CES-D ≥ 10 (B = 0.02, p = .032) over a 10-year period. Conclusions A multibiomarker index of an older adult's BA outperformed their CA in predicting subsequent increased and clinically significant depressive symptoms. This result supports the evolving view of LLD as a brain disorder resulting from deleterious age-associated changes across numerous physiological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Brown
- Program on Healthy Aging and Late Life Brain Disorders, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York State Psychiatric Institute
| | - Melanie M Wall
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York State Psychiatric Institute
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York State Psychiatric Institute
| | - Morgan E Levine
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles
| | - Kristine Yaffe
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Steven P Roose
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York State Psychiatric Institute
| | - Bret R Rutherford
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York State Psychiatric Institute
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57
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Gatterer H, Menz V, Salazar-Martinez E, Sumbalova Z, Garcia-Souza LF, Velika B, Gnaiger E, Burtscher M. Exercise Performance, Muscle Oxygen Extraction and Blood Cell Mitochondrial Respiration after Repeated-Sprint and Sprint Interval Training in Hypoxia: A Pilot Study. J Sports Sci Med 2018; 17:339-347. [PMID: 30116106 PMCID: PMC6090395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate and compare the effects of repeated-sprint (RSH) and sprint interval training in hypoxia (SIH) on sea level running and cycling performance, and to elucidate potential common or divergent adaptations of muscle perfusion and -oxygenation as well as mitochondrial respiration of blood cells. Eleven team-sport athletes performed either RSH (3x5x10s, 20s and 5min recovery between repetitions and sets) or SIH (4x30s, 5min recovery) cycling training for 3weeks (3 times/week) at a simulated altitude of 2,200m. Before and three days after the training period, a Wingate and a repeated cycling sprint test (5x6s, 20s recovery) were performed with a 30min resting period between the tests. Four to five days after the training, participants performed a repeated running sprint test (RSA, 6x17m back and forth, 20s recovery) and a Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test (YYIR2) with 1 hour active recovery between tests. The order of the tests as well as the duration of the resting periods remained the same before and after the training period. During the cycling tests near-infrared spectroscopy was performed on the vastus lateralis. In four participants, mitochondrial respiration of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and platelets was measured before and after training. YYIR2 running distance increased by +96.7 ± 145.6 m after RSH and by +100.0 ± 51.6 m after SIH (p = 0.034, eta² = 0.449). RSA mean running time improved by -0.138 ± 0.14s and -0.107 ± 0.08s after RSH and SIH respectively (p = 0.012, eta² = 0.564). RSH compared to SIH improved re-oxygenation during repeated sprinting. Improvements in repeated cycling were associated with improvements in re-oxygenation (r = 0.707, p <0.05). Mitochondrial electron transfer capacity normalized per PBMC count was decreased in RSH only. This study showed that cycling RSH and SIH training improves sea-level running performance. Our preliminary results suggest that RSH and SIH training results in different patterns of muscular oxygen extraction and PBMC mitochondrial respiration, without effect on platelets respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Gatterer
- Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, EURAC Research, Bolzano, Italy
- Department of Sport Science, University Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Verena Menz
- Department of Sport Science, University Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Zuzana Sumbalova
- Department of Visceral, Transplant, and Thoracic Surgery, D. Swarovski Research Laboratory, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
- Pharmacobiochemical Laboratory, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Luiz Felipe Garcia-Souza
- Department of Sport Science, University Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Visceral, Transplant, and Thoracic Surgery, D. Swarovski Research Laboratory, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Beáta Velika
- Department of Visceral, Transplant, and Thoracic Surgery, D. Swarovski Research Laboratory, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Slovakia
| | - Erich Gnaiger
- Department of Visceral, Transplant, and Thoracic Surgery, D. Swarovski Research Laboratory, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
- Oroboros Instruments, Innsbruck, Austria
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58
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Tranah GJ, Katzman SM, Lauterjung K, Yaffe K, Manini TM, Kritchevsky S, Newman AB, Harris TB, Cummings SR. Mitochondrial DNA m.3243A > G heteroplasmy affects multiple aging phenotypes and risk of mortality. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11887. [PMID: 30089816 PMCID: PMC6082898 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30255-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria contain many copies of a circular DNA molecule (mtDNA), which has been observed as a mixture of normal and mutated states known as heteroplasmy. Elevated heteroplasmy at a single mtDNA site, m.3243A > G, leads to neurologic, sensory, movement, metabolic, and cardiopulmonary impairments. We measured leukocyte mtDNA m.3243A > G heteroplasmy in 789 elderly men and women from the bi-racial, population-based Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study to identify associations with age-related functioning and mortality. Mutation burden for the m.3243A > G ranged from 0-19% and elevated heteroplasmy was associated with reduced strength, cognitive, metabolic, and cardiovascular functioning. Risk of all-cause, dementia and stroke mortality was significantly elevated for participants in the highest tertiles of m.3243A > G heteroplasmy. These results indicate that the accumulation of a rare genetic disease mutation, m.3243A > G, manifests as several aging outcomes and that some diseases of aging may be attributed to the accumulation of mtDNA damage.
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Grants
- R01-NR012459 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH)
- R01 HL121023 NHLBI NIH HHS
- N01-AG-6-2106 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging)
- R01-HL121023 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- P30 AG028740 NIA NIH HHS
- Z01A6000932 Office of Extramural Research, National Institutes of Health (OER)
- R03-AG032498 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging)
- R01-AG028050 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging)
- R01 NR012459 NINR NIH HHS
- R03 AG032498 NIA NIH HHS
- R01 AG028050 NIA NIH HHS
- This research was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute on Aging, Contracts N01-AG-6-2101, N01-AG-6-2103, and N01-AG-6-2106; National Institutes of Health grants R01-AG028050, R03-AG032498, R01-NR012459, Z01A6000932, R01-HL121023, and a grant from the Research and Education Leadership Committee of the CPMC Foundation and the L. K. Whittier Foundation.
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging)
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH)
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory J Tranah
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, 94107, USA.
| | | | - Kevin Lauterjung
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, 94107, USA
| | - Kristine Yaffe
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Epidemiology, University of California, San Francisco and the San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA
| | - Todd M Manini
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32601, USA
| | - Stephen Kritchevsky
- Sticht Center on Aging, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Anne B Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Intramural Research Program, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Steven R Cummings
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, 94107, USA
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59
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High throughput screening of mitochondrial bioenergetics in human differentiated myotubes identifies novel enhancers of muscle performance in aged mice. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9408. [PMID: 29925868 PMCID: PMC6010423 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27614-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is increasingly recognized as a contributor to age-related muscle loss and functional impairment. Therefore, we developed a high throughput screening strategy that enabled the identification of compounds boosting mitochondrial energy production in a human skeletal muscle cell model. Screening of 7949 pure natural products revealed 22 molecules that significantly increased oxygen consumption and ATP levels in myotubes. One of the most potent compounds was the flavanone hesperetin. Hesperetin (10 µM) increased intracellular ATP by 33% and mitochondrial spare capacity by 25%. Furthermore, the compound reduced oxidative stress in primary myotubes as well as muscle tissue in vivo. In aged mice administration of hesperetin (50 mg/kg/d) completely reverted the age-related decrease of muscle fiber size and improved running performance of treated animals. These results provide a novel screening platform for the discovery of drugs that can improve skeletal muscle function in patients suffering from sarcopenia or other disorders associated with mitochondrial dysfunction.
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60
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Holmila RJ, Vance SA, Chen X, Wu H, Shukla K, Bharadwaj MS, Mims J, Wary Z, Marrs G, Singh R, Molina AJ, Poole LB, King SB, Furdui CM. Mitochondria-targeted Probes for Imaging Protein Sulfenylation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6635. [PMID: 29703899 PMCID: PMC5923234 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24493-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) are essential regulators of cellular signaling, metabolism and epigenetics underlying the pathophysiology of numerous diseases. Despite the critical function of redox regulation in mitochondria, currently there are limited methods available to monitor protein oxidation in this key subcellular organelle. Here, we describe compounds for imaging sulfenylated proteins in mitochondria: DCP-NEt2-Coumarin (DCP-NEt2C) and rhodamine-based DCP-Rho1. Side-by-side comparison studies are presented on the reactivity of DCP-NEt2C and DCP-Rho1 with a model protein sulfenic acid (AhpC-SOH) and mitochondrial localization to identify optimized experimental conditions for labeling and visualization of protein sulfenylation that would be independent of mitochondria membrane potential and would not impact mitochondrial function. These probes are applied to image mitochondrial protein sulfenylation under conditions of serum starvation and in a cell culture model of lung cancer exposed to ionizing radiation and silver nanoparticles, agents serving dual functions as environmental stressors and cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reetta J Holmila
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Stephen A Vance
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA
| | - Xiaofei Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Hanzhi Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Kirtikar Shukla
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Manish S Bharadwaj
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Jade Mims
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Zack Wary
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA
| | - Glen Marrs
- Department of Biology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA
| | - Ravi Singh
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Anthony J Molina
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Leslie B Poole
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - S Bruce King
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA
| | - Cristina M Furdui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
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Gonzalez-Freire M, Scalzo P, D'Agostino J, Moore ZA, Diaz-Ruiz A, Fabbri E, Zane A, Chen B, Becker KG, Lehrmann E, Zukley L, Chia CW, Tanaka T, Coen PM, Bernier M, de Cabo R, Ferrucci L. Skeletal muscle ex vivo mitochondrial respiration parallels decline in vivo oxidative capacity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and muscle strength: The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Aging Cell 2018; 17. [PMID: 29356348 PMCID: PMC5847858 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial function in human skeletal muscle declines with age. Most evidence for this decline comes from studies that assessed mitochondrial function indirectly, and the impact of such deterioration with respect to physical function has not been clearly delineated. We hypothesized that mitochondrial respiration in permeabilized human muscle fibers declines with age and correlates with phosphocreatine postexercise recovery rate (kPCr), muscle performance, and aerobic fitness. Mitochondrial respiration was assessed by high-resolution respirometry in saponin-permeabilized fibers from vastus lateralis muscle biopsies of 38 participants from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA; 21 men, age 24-91 years) who also had available measures of peak oxygen consumption (VO2max ) from treadmill tests, gait speed in different tasks, 31 P magnetic resonance spectroscopy, isokinetic knee extension, and grip strength. Results indicated a significant reduction in mitochondrial respiration with age (p < .05) that was independent of other potential confounders. Mitochondrial respiratory capacity was also associated with VO2max , muscle strength, kPCr, and time to complete a 400-m walk (p < .05). A negative trend toward significance (p = .074) was observed between mitochondrial respiration and BMI. Finally, transcriptional profiling revealed a reduced mRNA expression of mitochondrial gene networks with aging (p < .05). Overall, our findings reinforce the notion that mitochondrial function declines with age and may contribute to age-associated loss of muscle performance and cardiorespiratory fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Gonzalez-Freire
- Longitudinal Studies Section; Translational Gerontology Branch; National Institute on Aging; Baltimore MD USA
| | - Paul Scalzo
- Longitudinal Studies Section; Translational Gerontology Branch; National Institute on Aging; Baltimore MD USA
| | - Jarod D'Agostino
- Clinical Research Unit; MedStar Harbor Hospital; National Institute on Aging; Baltimore MD USA
| | - Zenobia A. Moore
- Longitudinal Studies Section; Translational Gerontology Branch; National Institute on Aging; Baltimore MD USA
| | - Alberto Diaz-Ruiz
- Experimental Gerontology Section; Translational Gerontology Branch; National Institute on Aging; Baltimore MD USA
| | - Elisa Fabbri
- Longitudinal Studies Section; Translational Gerontology Branch; National Institute on Aging; Baltimore MD USA
| | - Ariel Zane
- Longitudinal Studies Section; Translational Gerontology Branch; National Institute on Aging; Baltimore MD USA
| | - Brian Chen
- Longitudinal Studies Section; Translational Gerontology Branch; National Institute on Aging; Baltimore MD USA
| | - Kevin G. Becker
- Gene Expression and Genomics Unit; National Institute on Aging; Baltimore MD USA
| | - Elin Lehrmann
- Gene Expression and Genomics Unit; National Institute on Aging; Baltimore MD USA
| | - Linda Zukley
- Clinical Research Unit; MedStar Harbor Hospital; National Institute on Aging; Baltimore MD USA
| | - Chee W. Chia
- Diabetes Section; Laboratory of Clinical Investigation; National Institute on Aging; Baltimore MD USA
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Longitudinal Studies Section; Translational Gerontology Branch; National Institute on Aging; Baltimore MD USA
| | - Paul M. Coen
- Translational Research Institute for Metabolism and Diabetes; Florida Hospital; Orlando FL USA
| | - Michel Bernier
- Experimental Gerontology Section; Translational Gerontology Branch; National Institute on Aging; Baltimore MD USA
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Experimental Gerontology Section; Translational Gerontology Branch; National Institute on Aging; Baltimore MD USA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Longitudinal Studies Section; Translational Gerontology Branch; National Institute on Aging; Baltimore MD USA
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62
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Brown PJ, Badreddine D, Roose SP, Rutherford B, Ayonayon HN, Yaffe K, Simonsick EM, Goodpaster B. Muscle fatigability and depressive symptoms in later life. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2017; 32:e166-e172. [PMID: 28198046 DOI: 10.1002/gps.4678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fatigability is the degree to which performance decreases during a specific activity of a given intensity and duration. Depression is known to heighten subjective fatigue, but whether its association with physical fatigability is unknown. Further, whether fatigability is a precursor or risk factor for the development of subsequent depressive symptoms is also unclear. METHODS Data are from the Health Aging and Body Composition Study with fatigability assessed using isokinetic dynamometry of the knee extensors at year 3, and depressive symptoms ascertained longitudinally using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. The relationship between fatigability and depressive symptoms was evaluated using linear and Cox regression models. RESULTS There was a significant cross-sectional association between fatigability and depressive symptomatology (β = -0.06, p = 0.02), after adjusting for demographic variables, medical comorbidities, cognition, gait speed, and physical activity levels. Greater fatigability was associated with greater adjusted scores on the 10-item CES-D (F2, 1695 = 38.65, p < 0.001), with individuals with greater fatigability on average reporting an adjusted CES-D score 0.5 point greater than those individuals with higher levels of resistance to fatigability (mean of 70% or better; p < 0.001). Fatigability however was not associated with the development of depression at follow-up (p = 0.828). CONCLUSIONS This study found an association between skeletal muscle fatigability and higher depressive symptoms in older adults, but no longitudinal association was identified. These findings suggest that age-related changes in energy capacity may affect the phenomenology of late life depression. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Brown
- Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Steven P Roose
- Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bret Rutherford
- Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hilsa N Ayonayon
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kristine Yaffe
- Neurology, Psychiatry, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Eleanor M Simonsick
- Intramural Research Program, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bret Goodpaster
- Translational Research Institute for Metabolism and Diabetes, Florida Hospital and Sanford Burnham Presbys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL, USA
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- Translational Research Institute for Metabolism and Diabetes, Florida Hospital and Sanford Burnham Presbys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL, USA
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63
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Tyrrell DJ, Bharadwaj MS, Jorgensen MJ, Register TC, Shively C, Andrews RN, Neth B, Keene CD, Mintz A, Craft S, Molina AJA. Blood-Based Bioenergetic Profiling Reflects Differences in Brain Bioenergetics and Metabolism. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:7317251. [PMID: 29098063 PMCID: PMC5643153 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7317251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Blood-based bioenergetic profiling provides a minimally invasive assessment of mitochondrial health shown to be related to key features of aging. Previous studies show that blood cells recapitulate mitochondrial alterations in the central nervous system under pathological conditions, including the development of Alzheimer's disease. In this study of nonhuman primates, we focus on mitochondrial function and bioenergetic capacity assessed by the respirometric profiling of monocytes, platelets, and frontal cortex mitochondria. Our data indicate that differences in the maximal respiratory capacity of brain mitochondria are reflected by CD14+ monocyte maximal respiratory capacity and platelet and monocyte bioenergetic health index. A subset of nonhuman primates also underwent [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) imaging to assess brain glucose metabolism. Our results indicate that platelet respiratory capacity positively correlates to measures of glucose metabolism in multiple brain regions. Altogether, the results of this study provide early evidence that blood-based bioenergetic profiling is related to brain mitochondrial metabolism. While these measures cannot substitute for direct measures of brain metabolism, provided by measures such as FDG-PET, they may have utility as a metabolic biomarker and screening tool to identify individuals exhibiting systemic bioenergetic decline who may therefore be at risk for the development of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Tyrrell
- Frankel Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Manish S. Bharadwaj
- Section on Comparative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Matthew J. Jorgensen
- Section on Comparative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Thomas C. Register
- Section on Comparative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Carol Shively
- Section on Comparative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Rachel N. Andrews
- Section on Comparative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Bryan Neth
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention & Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - C. Dirk Keene
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Akiva Mintz
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Suzanne Craft
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention & Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Anthony J. A. Molina
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention & Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
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64
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Molina AJA. Blood-based bioenergetic profiling: A readout of systemic bioenergetic capacity that is related to differences in body composition. Redox Biol 2017; 13:418-420. [PMID: 28688322 PMCID: PMC5499103 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J A Molina
- J. Paul Sticht Center on Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Department of Internal Medicine Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, United States.
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65
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Abstract
Individuals of the same age may not age at the same rate. Quantitative biomarkers of aging are valuable tools to measure physiological age, assess the extent of ‘healthy aging’, and potentially predict health span and life span for an individual. Given the complex nature of the aging process, the biomarkers of aging are multilayered and multifaceted. Here, we review the phenotypic and molecular biomarkers of aging. Identifying and using biomarkers of aging to improve human health, prevent age-associated diseases, and extend healthy life span are now facilitated by the fast-growing capacity of multilevel cross-sectional and longitudinal data acquisition, storage, and analysis, particularly for data related to general human populations. Combined with artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques, reliable panels of biomarkers of aging will have tremendous potential to improve human health in aging societies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Xia
- Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Max Planck Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiyang Chen
- School of Information, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, China
| | - Joseph McDermott
- Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Max Planck Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Dong Jackie Han
- Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Max Planck Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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66
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Willig AL, Kramer PA, Chacko BK, Darley-Usmar VM, Heath SL, Overton ET. Monocyte bioenergetic function is associated with body composition in virologically suppressed HIV-infected women. Redox Biol 2017; 12:648-656. [PMID: 28395172 PMCID: PMC5388916 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Women living with HIV may present with high levels of body fat that are associated with altered bioenergetic function. Excess body fat may therefore exacerbate the bioenergetic dysfunction observed with HIV infection. To determine if body fat is associated with bioenergetic function in HIV, we conducted a cross-sectional study of 42 women with HIV who were virologically suppressed on antiretroviral therapy. Body composition was determined via dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Oxygen consumption rate (OCR) of monocytes was sorted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from participants in the fasting state. Differences in bioenergetic function, as measured by OCR, was assessed using Kruskal-Wallis tests and Spearman correlations adjusted for age, race, and smoking status. Participants were 86% Black, 45.5 years old, 48% current smokers, and 57% were obese (body mass index ≥30). Nearly all women (93%) had >30% total fat mass, while 12% had >50% total fat mass. Elevated levels of total fat mass, trunk fat, and leg fat were inversely correlated with measures of bioenergetic health as evidenced by lower maximal and reserve capacity OCR, and Bioenergetic Health Index. Measures of extracellular acidification (ECAR) in the absence (basal) or maximal (with oligomycin) were positively correlated with measures of bioenergetics, except proton leak, and were negatively correlated with fat mass. Despite virological suppression, women with HIV present with extremely high levels of adiposity that correlate with impaired bioenergetic health. Without effective interventions, this syndemic of HIV infection and obesity will likely have devastating consequences for our patients, potentially mediated through altered mitochondrial and glycolytic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L Willig
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States.
| | - Philip A Kramer
- Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States.
| | - Balu K Chacko
- Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States.
| | - Victor M Darley-Usmar
- Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States; Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States.
| | - Sonya L Heath
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States.
| | - E Turner Overton
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States.
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67
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Temperature induces significant changes in both glycolytic reserve and mitochondrial spare respiratory capacity in colorectal cancer cell lines. Exp Cell Res 2017; 354:112-121. [PMID: 28342898 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Thermotherapy, as a method of treating cancer, has recently attracted considerable attention from basic and clinical investigators. A number of studies and clinical trials have shown that thermotherapy can be successfully used as a therapeutic approach for various cancers. However, the effects of temperature on cancer bioenergetics have not been studied in detail with a real time, microplate based, label-free detection approach. This study investigates how changes in temperature affect the bioenergetics characteristics (mitochondrial function and glycolysis) of three colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines utilizing the Seahorse XF96 technology. Experiments were performed at 32°C, 37°C and 42°C using assay medium conditions and equipment settings adjusted to produce equal oxygen and pH levels ubiquitously at the beginning of all experiments. The results suggest that temperature significantly changes multiple components of glycolytic and mitochondrial function of all cell lines tested. Under hypothermia conditions (32°C), the extracellular acidification rates (ECAR) of CRC cells were significantly lower compared to the same basal ECAR levels measured at 37°C. Mitochondrial stress test for SW480 cells at 37°C vs 42°C demonstrated increased proton leak while all other OCR components remained unchanged (similar results were detected also for the patient-derived xenograft cells Pt.93). Interestingly, the FCCP dose response at 37°C vs 42°C show significant shifts in profiles, suggesting that single dose FCCP experiments might not be sufficient to characterize the mitochondrial metabolic potential when comparing groups, conditions or treatments. These findings provide valuable insights for the metabolic and bioenergetic changes of CRC cells under hypo- and hyperthermia conditions that could potentially lead to development of better targeted and personalized strategies for patients undergoing combined thermotherapy with chemotherapy.
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68
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Wu IC, Lin CC, Liu CS, Hsu CC, Chen CY, Hsiung CA. Interrelations Between Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number and Inflammation in Older Adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2017; 72:937-944. [DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glx033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- I-Chien Wu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chieh Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-San Liu
- Department of Neurology and Vascular and Genomic Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Hsu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yu Chen
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao A. Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
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69
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Rutherford BR, Taylor WD, Brown PJ, Sneed JR, Roose SP. Biological Aging and the Future of Geriatric Psychiatry. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2017; 72:343-352. [PMID: 27994004 PMCID: PMC6433424 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glw241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in understanding the biological bases of aging have intellectually revitalized the field of geriatric psychiatry and broadened its scope to include promoting successful aging and studying resilience factors in older adults. To describe the process by which this paradigm shift has occurred and illustrate its implications for treatment and research of late-life brain disorders, late-life depression is discussed as a prototype case. Prior phases of geriatric psychiatry research were focused on achieving depressive symptom relief, outlining pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic differences between older and younger adults, and identifying moderators of treatment response. Building on this work, current geriatric psychiatry researchers have begun to disentangle the etiologic complexity in late-life depression by focusing on the causative aging-related processes involved, identifying both neurobiological and behavioral intermediates, and finally delineating depression subtypes that are distinguishable by their underlying biology and the treatment approach required. In this review, we discuss several age-related processes that are critical to the development of late-life mood disorders, outline implications of these processes for the clinical evaluation and management of later-life psychiatric disorders, and finally put forth suggestions for better integrating aging and developmental processes into the National Institute of Mental Health's Research Domain Criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bret R Rutherford
- Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York State Psychiatric Institute
| | - Warren D Taylor
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Health Care Center
| | - Patrick J Brown
- Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York State Psychiatric Institute
| | - Joel R Sneed
- Queens College of the City University of New York
| | - Steven P Roose
- Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York State Psychiatric Institute
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70
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Tyrrell DJ, Bharadwaj MS, Jorgensen MJ, Register TC, Molina AJA. Blood cell respirometry is associated with skeletal and cardiac muscle bioenergetics: Implications for a minimally invasive biomarker of mitochondrial health. Redox Biol 2016; 10:65-77. [PMID: 27693859 PMCID: PMC5045569 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood based bioenergetic profiling strategies are emerging as potential reporters of systemic mitochondrial function; however, the extent to which these measures reflect the bioenergetic capacity of other tissues is not known. The premise of this work is that highly metabolically active tissues, such as skeletal and cardiac muscle, are susceptible to differences in systemic bioenergetic capacity. Therefore, we tested whether the respiratory capacity of blood cells, monocytes and platelets, are related to contemporaneous respirometric assessments of skeletal and cardiac muscle mitochondria. 18 female vervet/African green monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus) of varying age and metabolic status were examined for this study. Monocyte and platelet maximal capacity correlated with maximal oxidative phosphorylation capacity of permeabilized skeletal muscle (R=0.75, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.38-0.97; R=0.51, 95%CI: 0.05-0.81; respectively), isolated skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiratory control ratio (RCR; R=0.70, 95%CI: 0.35-0.89; R=0.64, 95%CI: 0.23-0.98; respectively), and isolated cardiac muscle mitochondrial RCR (R=0.55, 95%CI: 0.22-0.86; R=0.58, 95%CI: 0.22-0.85; respectively). These results suggest that blood based bioenergetic profiling may be used to report on the bioenergetic capacity of muscle tissues. Blood cell respirometry represents an attractive alternative to tissue based assessments of mitochondrial function in human studies based on ease of access and the minimal participant burden required by these measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Tyrrell
- Sticht Center on Aging & Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Manish S Bharadwaj
- Sticht Center on Aging & Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Matthew J Jorgensen
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Thomas C Register
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Anthony J A Molina
- Sticht Center on Aging & Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
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71
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Brown PJ, Rutherford BR, Yaffe K, Tandler JM, Ray JL, Pott E, Chung S, Roose SP. The Depressed Frail Phenotype: The Clinical Manifestation of Increased Biological Aging. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2016; 24:1084-1094. [PMID: 27618646 PMCID: PMC5069140 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Depression in later life is a severe public health problem, associated with higher rates of mortality, suicide, and dementia. Effectiveness of treatment is limited by the failure to deconstruct the heterogeneity of the illness and because diagnostic criteria, pathophysiological models, and treatment algorithms for depression are primarily based on studies of younger adults even though symptoms of the illness and physiology of the patient change with age. Thus, understanding how aging interacts with depressive illness may elucidate endophenotypes of late-life depression with different clinical manifestations and underlying mechanisms that can then be targeted with more personalized approaches to treatment. This paper proposes a model for the critical confluence between depression and frailty, a high-risk morbidity and mortality syndrome of later life. This model hypothesizes that characteristics of frailty in adults with late life depression represent the clinical manifestation of greater biological aging and their presence in the context of a depressive illness exposes elders to deleterious trajectories. Potential common biological substrates that may result in the manifestation of the depressed frail phenotype including mitochondrial functioning, dopaminergic neurotransmission, and inflammatory processes and implications for the assessment and treatment of adults with late-life depression are discussed. As society continues to live longer, the preservation of the quality of these added years becomes paramount, and the combined impact of depression and frailty on the preservation of this quality warrants the attention of clinical researchers and physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J. Brown
- College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY USA,New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY USA
| | - Bret R. Rutherford
- College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY USA,New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY USA
| | - Kristine Yaffe
- Neurology, Psychiatry, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Emily Pott
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY USA
| | - Sarah Chung
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY USA
| | - Steven P. Roose
- College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY USA,New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY USA
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72
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O’Brien LC, Gorgey AS. Skeletal muscle mitochondrial health and spinal cord injury. World J Orthop 2016; 7:628-637. [PMID: 27795944 PMCID: PMC5065669 DOI: 10.5312/wjo.v7.i10.628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the main source of cellular energy production and are dynamic organelles that undergo biogenesis, remodeling, and degradation. Mitochondrial dysfunction is observed in a number of disease states including acute and chronic central or peripheral nervous system injury by traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury (SCI), and neurodegenerative disease as well as in metabolic disturbances such as insulin resistance, type II diabetes and obesity. Mitochondrial dysfunction is most commonly observed in high energy requiring tissues like the brain and skeletal muscle. In persons with chronic SCI, changes to skeletal muscle may include remarkable atrophy and conversion of muscle fiber type from oxidative to fast glycolytic, combined with increased infiltration of intramuscular adipose tissue. These changes contribute to a proinflammatory environment, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. The loss of metabolically active muscle combined with inactivity predisposes individuals with SCI to type II diabetes and obesity. The contribution of skeletal muscle mitochondrial density and electron transport chain activity to the development of the aforementioned comorbidities following SCI is unclear. A better understanding of the mechanisms involved in skeletal muscle mitochondrial dynamics is imperative to designing and testing effective treatments for this growing population. The current editorial will review ways to study mitochondrial function and the importance of improving skeletal muscle mitochondrial health in clinical populations with a special focus on chronic SCI.
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Angulo J, El Assar M, Rodríguez-Mañas L. Frailty and sarcopenia as the basis for the phenotypic manifestation of chronic diseases in older adults. Mol Aspects Med 2016; 50:1-32. [PMID: 27370407 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Frailty is a functional status that precedes disability and is characterized by decreased functional reserve and increased vulnerability. In addition to disability, the frailty phenotype predicts falls, institutionalization, hospitalization and mortality. Frailty is the consequence of the interaction between the aging process and some chronic diseases and conditions that compromise functional systems and finally produce sarcopenia. Many of the clinical manifestations of frailty are explained by sarcopenia which is closely related to poor physical performance. Reduced regenerative capacity, malperfusion, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation compose the sarcopenic skeletal muscle alterations associated to the frailty phenotype. Inflammation appears as a common determinant for chronic diseases, sarcopenia and frailty. The strategies to prevent the frailty phenotype include an adequate amount of physical activity and exercise as well as pharmacological interventions such as myostatin inhibitors and specific androgen receptor modulators. Cell response to stress pathways such as Nrf2, sirtuins and klotho could be considered as future therapeutic interventions for the management of frailty phenotype and aging-related chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Angulo
- Unidad de Investigación Cardiovascular (IRYCIS/UFV), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariam El Assar
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Getafe, Getafe, Madrid, Spain
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Molina AJA, Bharadwaj MS, Van Horn C, Nicklas BJ, Lyles MF, Eggebeen J, Haykowsky MJ, Brubaker PH, Kitzman DW. Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Content, Oxidative Capacity, and Mfn2 Expression Are Reduced in Older Patients With Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction and Are Related to Exercise Intolerance. JACC-HEART FAILURE 2016; 4:636-45. [PMID: 27179829 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to examine skeletal muscle mitochondria content, oxidative capacity, and the expression of key mitochondrial dynamics proteins in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), as well as to determine potential relationships with measures of exercise performance. BACKGROUND Multiple lines of evidence indicate that severely reduced peak exercise oxygen uptake (peak VO2) in older patients with HFpEF is related to abnormal skeletal muscle oxygen utilization. Mitochondria are key regulators of skeletal muscle metabolism; however, little is known about how these organelles are affected in HFpEF. METHODS Both vastus lateralis skeletal muscle citrate synthase activity and the expression of porin and regulators of mitochondrial fusion were examined in older patients with HFpEF (n = 20) and healthy, age-matched control subjects (n = 17). RESULTS Compared with age-matched healthy control subjects, mitochondrial content assessed by porin expression was 46% lower (p = 0.01), citrate synthase activity was 29% lower (p = 0.01), and Mfn2 (mitofusin 2) expression was 54% lower (p <0.001) in patients with HFpEF. Expression of porin was significantly positively correlated with both peak VO2 and 6-min walk distance (r = 0.48, p = 0.003 and r = 0.33, p = 0.05, respectively). Expression of Mfn2 was also significantly positively correlated with both peak VO2 and 6-min walk distance (r = 0.40, p = 0.02 and r = 0.37, p = 0.03 respectively). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that skeletal muscle oxidative capacity, mitochondrial content, and mitochondrial fusion are abnormal in older patients with HFpEF and might contribute to their severe exercise intolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J A Molina
- Gerontology Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Manish S Bharadwaj
- Gerontology Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Cynthia Van Horn
- Gerontology Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Barbara J Nicklas
- Gerontology Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Mary F Lyles
- Gerontology Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Joel Eggebeen
- Cardiology Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Mark J Haykowsky
- College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
| | - Peter H Brubaker
- Department of Exercise and Health Science, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Dalane W Kitzman
- Cardiology Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
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Bharadwaj MS, Tyrrell DJ, Leng I, Demons JL, Lyles MF, Carr JJ, Nicklas BJ, Molina AJA. Relationships between mitochondrial content and bioenergetics with obesity, body composition and fat distribution in healthy older adults. BMC OBESITY 2015; 2:40. [PMID: 26448868 PMCID: PMC4594906 DOI: 10.1186/s40608-015-0070-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Mitochondrial function declines with age; however, the relationship between adiposity and mitochondrial function among older adults is unclear. This study examined relationships between skeletal muscle mitochondrial content and electron transport chain complex 2 driven respiration with whole body and thigh composition, body fat distribution, and insulin sensitivity in older adults. Methods 25 healthy, sedentary, weight-stable men (N = 13) and women (N = 12) >65 years of age, with a BMI range of 18-35 kg/m2, participated in this study. Vastus lateralis biopsies were analyzed for citrate synthase (CS) activity and succinate mediated respiration of isolated mitochondria. Whole body and thigh composition were measured by DXA and CT. HOMA-IR was calculated using fasting glucose and insulin as an estimate of insulin sensitivity. Results Similar to reports in middle-aged adults, skeletal muscle CS activity was negatively correlated with BMI (R = −0.43) in our cohort of older adults. Higher total and thigh adiposity were correlated with lower CS activity independent of BMI (R = −0.50 and −0.71 respectively). Maximal complex 2 driven mitochondrial respiration was negatively correlated with lower body adiposity in males (R = −0.66). In this cohort of non-diabetic older adults, both HOMA-IR and insulin were positively correlated with CS activity when controlling for BMI (R = 0.57 and 0.66 respectively). Conclusions Adiposity and body composition are correlated with skeletal muscle mitochondrial content and electron transport chain function in healthy, sedentary, community dwelling, older adults. Specific relationships of mitochondrial bioenergetics with gender and insulin sensitivity are also apparent. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01049698 Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40608-015-0070-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish S Bharadwaj
- Sticht Center on Aging & Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157 USA
| | - Daniel J Tyrrell
- Sticht Center on Aging & Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157 USA
| | - Iris Leng
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157 USA
| | - Jamehl L Demons
- Sticht Center on Aging & Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157 USA
| | - Mary F Lyles
- Sticht Center on Aging & Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157 USA
| | - J Jeffrey Carr
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203 USA
| | - Barbara J Nicklas
- Sticht Center on Aging & Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157 USA
| | - Anthony J A Molina
- Sticht Center on Aging & Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157 USA
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Tranah GJ, Yaffe K, Katzman SM, Lam ET, Pawlikowska L, Kwok PY, Schork NJ, Manini TM, Kritchevsky S, Thomas F, Newman AB, Harris TB, Coleman AL, Gorin MB, Helzner EP, Rowbotham MC, Browner WS, Cummings SR. Mitochondrial DNA Heteroplasmy Associations With Neurosensory and Mobility Function in Elderly Adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2015; 70:1418-24. [PMID: 26328603 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glv097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) heteroplasmy is a mixture of normal and mutated mtDNA molecules in a cell. High levels of heteroplasmy at specific mtDNA sites lead to inherited mitochondrial diseases with neurological, sensory, and movement impairments. Here we test the hypothesis that heteroplasmy levels in elderly adults are associated with impaired function resembling mild forms of mitochondrial disease. METHODS We examined platelet mtDNA heteroplasmy at 20 disease-causing sites for associations with neurosensory and mobility function among 137 participants from the community-based Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. RESULTS Elevated mtDNA heteroplasmy at four mtDNA sites in complex I and tRNA genes was nominally associated with reduced cognition, vision, hearing, and mobility: m.10158T>C with Modified Mini-Mental State Examination score (p = .009); m.11778G>A with contrast sensitivity (p = .02); m.7445A>G with high-frequency hearing (p = .047); and m.5703G>A with 400 m walking speed (p = .007). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that increased mtDNA heteroplasmy at disease-causing sites is associated with neurosensory and mobility function in older persons. We propose the novel use of mtDNA heteroplasmy as a simple, noninvasive predictor of age-related neurologic, sensory, and movement impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory J Tranah
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco.
| | - Kristine Yaffe
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neurology and Department of Epidemiology, University of California San Francisco and the San Francisco VA Medical Center
| | | | | | - Ludmila Pawlikowska
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco. Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco
| | - Pui-Yan Kwok
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco
| | - Nicholas J Schork
- J. Craig Venter Institute and the University of California, San Diego
| | - Todd M Manini
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Stephen Kritchevsky
- Sticht Center on Aging, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Fridtjof Thomas
- Department of Preventive Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis
| | - Anne B Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Intramural Research Program, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Anne L Coleman
- Jules Stein Eye Institute and UCLA Department of Ophthalmology, Los Angeles, California
| | - Michael B Gorin
- Jules Stein Eye Institute and UCLA Department of Ophthalmology, Los Angeles, California
| | - Elizabeth P Helzner
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York
| | | | - Warren S Browner
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco
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Tyrrell DJ, Bharadwaj MS, Van Horn CG, Marsh AP, Nicklas BJ, Molina AJA. Blood-cell bioenergetics are associated with physical function and inflammation in overweight/obese older adults. Exp Gerontol 2015; 70:84-91. [PMID: 26226578 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2015.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical function and strength decline with age and lead to limited mobility and independence in older adults. Alterations in mitochondrial function are thought to underlie numerous age-related changes, including declining physical ability. Recent studies suggest that systemic changes in bioenergetic capacity may be reported by analyzing mitochondrial function in circulating cells. The objective of this study was to determine whether the bioenergetic capacity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) is related to differences in physical function among older, overweight/obese, adults. To address this, we tested the hypothesis that greater PBMC respirometric capacity would be associated with better physical function, muscular strength, leg lean mass, and muscle quality. Furthermore, we tested whether the respirometric capacity of PBMCs is related to cellular composition and inflammatory status reported by interleukin-6 (IL-6). METHODS Fasted PBMC respiration (pmol/min/500,000 cells), expanded short physical performance battery (Ex-SPPB), peak knee extensor (KE) strength (Nm), grip strength (kg), leg lean mass (kg, via dual energy X-ray absorptiometry [DXA]), muscle quality (Nm/kg), and plasma IL-6 (pg/mL) were analyzed in 15 well-functioning, community-dwelling, sedentary overweight/obese older men (n=9) and women (n=6) aged 65 to 78 (mean 68.3 ± 3.5 years). Pearson and partial correlations were calculated to determine associations between PBMC respiration and these variables. RESULTS Higher maximal respiration of PBMCs was associated with better Ex-SPPB (r=0.58, p=0.02), greater KE strength (r=0.60, p=0.02), greater grip strength (r=0.52, p=0.05) and lower IL-6 (r=-0.58, p=0.04). Higher spare respiratory capacity was associated with better Ex-SPPB (r=0.59, p=0.02), greater KE strength (r=0.60, p=0.02), greater grip strength (r=0.54, p=0.04), greater leg muscle quality (r=0.56, p=0.04), and lower IL-6 (r=-0.55, p=0.05). Monocyte and lymphocyte counts were not related to PBMC respiratory capacity. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that respirometric profiles of readily obtainable blood cells are associated with physical function and strength. Future studies should be undertaken in order to determine whether blood-based bioenergetic profiling can provide an objective index of systemic mitochondrial health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Tyrrell
- Sticht Center on Aging and Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States
| | - Manish S Bharadwaj
- Sticht Center on Aging and Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States
| | - Cynthia G Van Horn
- Sticht Center on Aging and Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States
| | - Anthony P Marsh
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, United States
| | - Barbara J Nicklas
- Sticht Center on Aging and Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States
| | - Anthony J A Molina
- Sticht Center on Aging and Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States.
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Bharadwaj MS, Tyrrell DJ, Lyles MF, Demons JL, Rogers GW, Molina AJA. Preparation and respirometric assessment of mitochondria isolated from skeletal muscle tissue obtained by percutaneous needle biopsy. J Vis Exp 2015. [PMID: 25741892 PMCID: PMC4354623 DOI: 10.3791/52350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Respirometric profiling of isolated mitochondria is commonly used to investigate electron transport chain function. We describe a method for obtaining samples of human Vastus lateralis, isolating mitochondria from minimal amounts of skeletal muscle tissue, and plate based respirometric profiling using an extracellular flux (XF) analyzer. Comparison of respirometric profiles obtained using 1.0, 2.5 and 5.0 μg of mitochondria indicate that 1.0 μg is sufficient to measure respiration and that 5.0 μg provides most consistent results based on comparison of standard errors. Western blot analysis of isolated mitochondria for mitochondrial marker COX IV and non-mitochondrial tissue marker GAPDH indicate that there is limited non-mitochondrial contamination using this protocol. The ability to study mitochondrial respirometry in as little as 20 mg of muscle tissue allows users to utilize individual biopsies for multiple study endpoints in clinical research projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish S Bharadwaj
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine
| | - Daniel J Tyrrell
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine
| | - Mary F Lyles
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine
| | - Jamehl L Demons
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine
| | | | - Anthony J A Molina
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine;
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Johnson ML, Irving BA, Lanza IR, Vendelbo MH, Konopka AR, Robinson MM, Henderson GC, Klaus KA, Morse DM, Heppelmann C, Bergen HR, Dasari S, Schimke JM, Jakaitis DR, Nair KS. Differential Effect of Endurance Training on Mitochondrial Protein Damage, Degradation, and Acetylation in the Context of Aging. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2014; 70:1386-93. [PMID: 25504576 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glu221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute aerobic exercise increases reactive oxygen species and could potentially damage proteins, but exercise training (ET) enhances mitochondrial respiration irrespective of age. Here, we report a differential impact of ET on protein quality in young and older participants. Using mass spectrometry we measured oxidative damage to skeletal muscle proteins before and after 8 weeks of ET and find that young but not older participants reduced oxidative damage to both total skeletal muscle and mitochondrial proteins. Young participants showed higher total and mitochondrial derived semitryptic peptides and 26S proteasome activity indicating increased protein degradation. ET however, increased the activity of the endogenous antioxidants in older participants. ET also increased skeletal muscle content of the mitochondrial deacetylase SIRT3 in both groups. A reduction in the acetylation of isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 was observed following ET that may counteract the effect of acute oxidative stress. In conclusion aging is associated with an inability to improve skeletal muscle and mitochondrial protein quality in response to ET by increasing degradation of damaged proteins. ET does however increase muscle and mitochondrial antioxidant capacity in older individuals, which provides increased buffering from the acute oxidative effects of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mikkel H Vendelbo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Present address: Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Surendra Dasari
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
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