51
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Zhang N, Shi H, Yan M, Liu G. IFIT5 Negatively Regulates the Type I IFN Pathway by Disrupting TBK1-IKKε-IRF3 Signalosome and Degrading IRF3 and IKKε. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 206:2184-2197. [PMID: 33858962 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
IFN-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats (IFITs), known as canonical IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), play critical roles in regulating immune responses against pathogens and maintaining homeostasis. How the IFIT5 regulates innate immune responses is rarely reported and remains enigmatic. In this study, we discover that human IFIT5 (hIFIT5) functions as a negative regulator of the type I IFN (IFN) pathway in HEK293T cell lines. Our data illustrated that hIFIT5 inhibited the promotor activities of IFN-β induced by IRF3 and its upstream factors but not by IRF3-5D (activated form of IRF3), suggesting that IRF3 might be a target of hIFIT5. Further investigations revealed that hIFIT5 downregulated the phosphorylation of IRF3 and IKKε and blocked the IRF3 nuclear translocation. Moreover, hIFIT5 impaired the IRF3-TBK1-IKKε complex, accompanied by IRF3 and IKKε degradation. In conclusion, these findings indicate that hIFIT5 is a negative modulator in the type I IFN signaling pathway, opening additional avenues for preventing hyperactivation and maintaining immunity homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Han Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Miaomiao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Guangliang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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52
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Kishimoto K, Wilder CL, Buchanan J, Nguyen M, Okeke C, Hoffmann A, Cheng QJ. High Dose IFN- β Activates GAF to Enhance Expression of ISGF3 Target Genes in MLE12 Epithelial Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:651254. [PMID: 33897699 PMCID: PMC8062733 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.651254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon β (IFN-β) signaling activates the transcription factor complex ISGF3 to induce gene expression programs critical for antiviral defense and host immune responses. It has also been observed that IFN-β activates a second transcription factor complex, γ-activated factor (GAF), but the significance of this coordinated activation is unclear. We report that in murine lung epithelial cells (MLE12) high doses of IFN-β indeed activate both ISGF3 and GAF, which bind to distinct genomic locations defined by their respective DNA sequence motifs. In contrast, low doses of IFN-β preferentially activate ISGF3 but not GAF. Surprisingly, in MLE12 cells GAF binding does not induce nearby gene expression even when strongly bound to the promoter. Yet expression of interferon stimulated genes is enhanced when GAF and ISGF3 are both active compared to ISGF3 alone. We propose that GAF may function as a dose-sensitive amplifier of ISG expression to enhance antiviral immunity and establish pro-inflammatory states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensei Kishimoto
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Catera L Wilder
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Justin Buchanan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Minh Nguyen
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Chidera Okeke
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Life and Physical Sciences, Fisk University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Alexander Hoffmann
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Quen J Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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53
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Buang N, Tapeng L, Gray V, Sardini A, Whilding C, Lightstone L, Cairns TD, Pickering MC, Behmoaras J, Ling GS, Botto M. Type I interferons affect the metabolic fitness of CD8 + T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1980. [PMID: 33790300 PMCID: PMC8012390 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22312-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The majority of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have high expression of type I IFN-stimulated genes. Mitochondrial abnormalities have also been reported, but the contribution of type I IFN exposure to these changes is unknown. Here, we show downregulation of mitochondria-derived genes and mitochondria-associated metabolic pathways in IFN-High patients from transcriptomic analysis of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. CD8+ T cells from these patients have enlarged mitochondria and lower spare respiratory capacity associated with increased cell death upon rechallenge with TCR stimulation. These mitochondrial abnormalities can be phenocopied by exposing CD8+ T cells from healthy volunteers to type I IFN and TCR stimulation. Mechanistically these 'SLE-like' conditions increase CD8+ T cell NAD+ consumption resulting in impaired mitochondrial respiration and reduced cell viability, both of which can be rectified by NAD+ supplementation. Our data suggest that type I IFN exposure contributes to SLE pathogenesis by promoting CD8+ T cell death via metabolic rewiring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norzawani Buang
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Lunnathaya Tapeng
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Victor Gray
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Alessandro Sardini
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Chad Whilding
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Liz Lightstone
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Imperial Lupus Centre, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Thomas D Cairns
- Imperial Lupus Centre, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Matthew C Pickering
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Imperial Lupus Centre, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Jacques Behmoaras
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Guang Sheng Ling
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Marina Botto
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- Imperial Lupus Centre, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
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54
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Rudnik M, Rolski F, Jordan S, Mertelj T, Stellato M, Distler O, Blyszczuk P, Kania G. Regulation of Monocyte Adhesion and Type I Interferon Signaling by CD52 in Patients With Systemic Sclerosis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2021; 73:1720-1730. [PMID: 33760395 DOI: 10.1002/art.41737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is characterized by dysregulation of type I interferon (IFN) signaling. CD52 is known for its immunosuppressive functions in T cells. This study was undertaken to investigate the role of CD52 in monocyte adhesion and type I IFN signaling in patients with SSc. METHODS Transcriptome profiles of circulating CD14+ monocytes from patients with limited cutaneous SSc (lcSSc), patients with diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSs), and healthy controls were analyzed by RNA sequencing. Levels of CD52, CD11b/integrin αΜ, and CD18/integrin β2 in whole blood were assessed by flow cytometry. CD52 expression was analyzed in relation to disease phenotype (early, lcSSc, dcSSc) and autoantibody profiles. The impact of overexpression, knockdown, and antibody blocking of CD52 was analyzed by gene and protein expression assays and functional assays. RESULTS Pathway enrichment analysis indicated an increase in adhesion- and type I IFN-related genes in monocytes from SSc patients. These cells displayed up-regulated expression of CD11b/CD18, reduced expression of CD52, and enhanced adhesion to intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and endothelial cells. Changes in CD52 expression were consistent with the SSc subtypes, as well as with immunosuppressive treatments, autoantibody profiles, and monocyte adhesion properties in patients with SSc. Overexpression of CD52 led to decreased levels of CD18 and monocyte adhesion, while knockdown of CD52 increased monocyte adhesion. Experiments with the humanized anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody alemtuzumab in blood samples from healthy controls increased monocyte adhesion and CD11b/CD18 expression, and enhanced type I IFN responses. Monocytic CD52 expression was up-regulated by interleukin-4 (IL-4)/IL-13 via the STAT6 pathway, and was down-regulated by lipopolysaccharide and IFNs α, β, and γ in a JAK1 and histone deacetylase IIa (HDAC IIa)-dependent manner. CONCLUSION Down-regulation of the antiadhesion CD52 antigen in CD14+ monocytes represents a novel mechanism in the pathogenesis of SSc. Targeting of the IFN-HDAC-CD52 axis in monocytes might represent a new therapeutic option for patients with early SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Rudnik
- University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Filip Rolski
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Suzana Jordan
- University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tonja Mertelj
- University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, and University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mara Stellato
- University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Distler
- University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Przemysław Blyszczuk
- University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, and Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Gabriela Kania
- University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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55
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Type I interferons as key players in pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in type 1 diabetes. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 359:1-80. [PMID: 33832648 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2021.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by pancreatic islet inflammation (insulitis) and specific pancreatic β-cell destruction by an immune attack. Although the precise underlying mechanisms leading to the autoimmune assault remain poorly understood, it is well accepted that insulitis takes place in the context of a conflicting dialogue between pancreatic β-cells and the immune cells. Moreover, both host genetic background (i.e., candidate genes) and environmental factors (e.g., viral infections) contribute to this inadequate dialogue. Accumulating evidence indicates that type I interferons (IFNs), cytokines that are crucial for both innate and adaptive immune responses, act as key links between environmental and genetic risk factors in the development of T1D. This chapter summarizes some relevant pathways involved in β-cell dysfunction and death, and briefly reviews how enteroviral infections and genetic susceptibility can impact insulitis. Moreover, we present the current evidence showing that, in β-cells, type I IFN signaling pathway activation leads to several outcomes, such as long-lasting major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I hyperexpression, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, epigenetic changes, and induction of posttranscriptional as well as posttranslational modifications. MHC class I overexpression, when combined with ER stress and posttranscriptional/posttranslational modifications, might lead to sustained neoantigen presentation to immune system and β-cell apoptosis. This knowledge supports the concept that type I IFNs are implicated in the early stages of T1D pathogenesis. Finally, we highlight the promising therapeutic avenues for T1D treatment directed at type I IFN signaling pathway.
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56
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Chauhan PS, Wagner JG, Benninghoff AD, Lewandowski RP, Favor OK, Wierenga KA, Gilley KN, Ross EA, Harkema JR, Pestka JJ. Rapid Induction of Pulmonary Inflammation, Autoimmune Gene Expression, and Ectopic Lymphoid Neogenesis Following Acute Silica Exposure in Lupus-Prone Mice. Front Immunol 2021; 12:635138. [PMID: 33732257 PMCID: PMC7959771 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.635138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Occupational exposure to crystalline silica (cSiO2) is etiologically associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus) and other autoimmune diseases. cSiO2's autoimmune effects in humans can be mimicked chronically in female lupus-prone NZBWF1 mice following repeated exposure to the particle. However, the immediate and short-term effects of cSiO2 in this widely used model of autoimmune disease are not well-understood. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that a single acute cSiO2 dose triggers early presentation of cellular, histopathological, transcriptomic, and protein biomarkers of inflammation and autoimmunity in lupus-prone mice. Eight-week old female NZBWF1 mice were intranasally instilled once with 2.5 mg cSiO2 or saline vehicle and necropsied at 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 d post-instillation (PI). Analyses of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue revealed that by 7 d PI, acute cSiO2 exposure persistently provoked: (i) robust recruitment of macrophages, neutrophils, and lymphocytes into the alveoli, (ii) cell death as reflected by increased protein, double-stranded DNA, and lactate dehydrogenase activity, (iii) elevated secretion of the cytokines IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-18, TNF-α, IL-6, MCP-1, and B cell activation factor (BAFF), and (iv) upregulation of genes associated with chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, lymphocyte activation, and type I interferon signaling. The appearance of these endpoints was subsequently followed by the emergence in the lung of organized CD3+ T cells (14 d PI) and CD45R+ B cells (21 d PI) that were indicative of ectopic lymphoid structure (ELS) development. Taken together, acute cSiO2 exposure triggered a rapid onset of autoimmune disease pathogenesis that was heralded in the lung by unresolved inflammation and cell death, proinflammatory cytokine production, chemokine-driven recruitment of leukocytes, an interferon response signature, B and T cell activation, and ELS neogenesis. This short-term murine model provides valuable new insight into potential early mechanisms of cSiO2-induced lupus flaring and, furthermore, offers a rapid venue for evaluating interventions against respirable particle-triggered inflammation and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti S. Chauhan
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - James G. Wagner
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Abby D. Benninghoff
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
| | - Ryan P. Lewandowski
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Olivia K. Favor
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Kathryn A. Wierenga
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Kristen N. Gilley
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Elizabeth A. Ross
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Jack R. Harkema
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - James J. Pestka
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, East Lansing, MI, United States
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57
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Myall AC, Perkins S, Rushton D, David J, Spencer P, Jones AR, Antczak P. An OMICs based meta-analysis to support infection state stratification. Bioinformatics 2021; 37:2347-2355. [PMID: 33560295 PMCID: PMC8388022 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btab089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION A fundamental problem for disease treatment is that while antibiotics are a powerful counter to bacteria, they are ineffective against viruses. Often, bacterial and viral infections are confused due to their similar symptoms and lack of rapid diagnostics. With many clinicians relying primarily on symptoms for diagnosis, overuse and misuse of modern antibiotics are rife, contributing to the growing pool of antibiotic resistance. To ensure an individual receives optimal treatment given their disease state and to reduce over-prescription of antibiotics, the host response can in theory be measured quickly to distinguish between the two states. To establish a predictive biomarker panel of disease state (viral/bacterial/no-infection) we conducted a meta-analysis of human blood infection studies using Machine Learning (ML). RESULTS We focused on publicly available gene expression data from two widely used platforms, Affymetrix and Illumina microarrays as they represented a significant proportion of the available data. We were able to develop multi-class models with high accuracies with our best model predicting 93% of bacterial and 89% viral samples correctly. To compare the selected features in each of the different technologies, we reverse engineered the underlying molecular regulatory network and explored the neighbourhood of the selected features. The networks highlighted that although on the gene-level the models differed, they contained genes from the same areas of the network. Specifically, this convergence was to pathways including the Type I interferon Signalling Pathway, Chemotaxis, Apoptotic Processes, and Inflammatory/Innate Response. AVAILABILITY Data and code are available on the Gene Expression Omnibus and github. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashleigh C Myall
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.,Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Perkins
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - David Rushton
- Defence and Security Analysis Division, Defence Science and Technology laboratory (DSTL), Porton Down, Salisbury, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan David
- Chemical, Biological and Radiological Division, Defence Science and Technology laboratory (DSTL), Porton Down, Salisbury, United Kingdom
| | - Phillippa Spencer
- Cyber and Information Systems Division, Defence Science and Technology laboratory (DSTL), Porton Down, Salisbury United Kingdom
| | - Andrew R Jones
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Philipp Antczak
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.,Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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58
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Ishikawa T, Tamura E, Kasahara M, Uchida H, Higuchi M, Kobayashi H, Shimizu H, Ogawa E, Yotani N, Irie R, Kosaki R, Kosaki K, Uchiyama T, Onodera M, Kawai T. Severe Liver Disorder Following Liver Transplantation in STING-Associated Vasculopathy with Onset in Infancy. J Clin Immunol 2021; 41:967-974. [PMID: 33544357 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-021-00977-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE STING-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy (SAVI) is a type-I interferonopathy, characterized by systemic inflammation, peripheral vascular inflammation, and pulmonary manifestations. There are three reports of SAVI patients developing liver disease, but no report of a SAVI patient requiring liver transplantation. Therefore, the relevance of liver inflammation is unclear in SAVI. We report a SAVI patient who developed severe liver disorder following liver transplantation. METHODS SAVI was diagnosed in a 4-year-old girl based on genetic analysis by whole-exome sequencing. We demonstrated clinical features, laboratory findings, and pathological examination of her original and transplanted livers. RESULTS At 2 months of age, she developed bronchitis showing resistance to bronchodilators and antibiotics. At 10 months of age, she developed liver dysfunction with atypical cholangitis, which required liver transplantation at 1 year of age. At 2 years of age, multiple biliary cysts developed in the transplanted liver. At 3.9 years of age, SAVI was diagnosed by whole-exome sequencing. Inflammatory cells from the liver invaded the stomach wall directly, leading to fatal gastrointestinal bleeding unexpectedly at 4.6 years of age. In pathological findings, there were no typical findings of liver abscess, vasculitis, or graft rejection, but biliary cysts and infiltration of inflammatory cells, including plasmacytes around the bile duct area, in the transplanted liver were noted, which were findings similar to those of her original liver. CONCLUSION Although further studies to clarify the mechanisms of the various liver disorders described in SAVI patients are needed, inflammatory liver manifestations may be amplified in the context of SAVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ishikawa
- Division of Immunology, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-19-18 Nishishinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8471, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Tamura
- Division of Immunology, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-19-18 Nishishinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8471, Japan
| | - Mureo Kasahara
- Center for Organ Transplantation, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Hajime Uchida
- Center for Organ Transplantation, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Masataka Higuchi
- Division of Pulmonology, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Hisato Kobayashi
- Division of Pulmonology, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Shimizu
- Division of Gastroenterology, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Eiki Ogawa
- Division of Infectious Diseases, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Yotani
- Division of Palliative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Rie Irie
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Rika Kosaki
- Division of Medical Genetics, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Kosaki
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Toru Uchiyama
- Division of Immunology, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Masafumi Onodera
- Division of Immunology, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Toshinao Kawai
- Division of Immunology, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan. .,Department of Pediatrics, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-19-18 Nishishinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8471, Japan.
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59
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Dedmon LE. The genetics of rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 59:2661-2670. [PMID: 32638005 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keaa232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
RA is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease that primarily affects the small joints of the hands and feet, and results in a mean reduction in life expectancy of 3-10 years. RA is a multigene disorder with a substantial genetic component and a heritability estimate of 60%. Large-scale Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) and meta-analyses have revealed common disease-associated variants in the population that may contribute cumulatively to RA pathogenesis. This review identifies the most significant genetic variants associated with RA susceptibility to date, with particular focus on the contribution of the HLA class II genes across different ethnic groups. Also discussed are the potential applications of pharmacogenomics to RA management by identifying polymorphisms associated with variation in treatment response or toxicity. The use of genetic variants to guide treatment strategy has the potential to not only reduce National Health Service costs, but also drastically improve patient experience and quality of life.
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60
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Ali MY, Akter Z, Mei Z, Zheng M, Tania M, Khan MA. Thymoquinone in autoimmune diseases: Therapeutic potential and molecular mechanisms. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 134:111157. [PMID: 33370631 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases (AUDs) are a multifactorial disease, among which rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and multiple sclerosis are more prevalent. Several anti-inflammatory, biologics, and AUD-modifying drugs are found effective against them, but their repeated use are associated with various adverse effects. In this review article, we have focused on the regulation of inflammatory molecules, molecular signaling pathways, immune cells, and epigenetics by natural product thymoquinone on AUDs. Studies indicate that thymoquinone can regulate inflammatory molecules including interferons, interleukins, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), oxidative stress, regulatory T cells, and various signaling pathways such as nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κβ), janus kinase/signal transduction and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) at the molecular level and epigenetic alteration. As these molecules and signaling pathways with defective immune function play an important role in AUD development, controlling these molecules and deregulated molecular mechanism is a significant feature of AUD therapeutics. Interestingly thymoquinone is reported to possess all these potential. This article reviewed the deregulated mechanism of AUDs, and the action of thymoquinone on inflammatory molecules, immune cells, signaling pathways, and epigenetic machinery. Thymoquinone can be regarded as a potential drug candidate for AUD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Yousuf Ali
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gono Bishwabidyalay, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Zakia Akter
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gono Bishwabidyalay, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Zhiqiang Mei
- The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Meiling Zheng
- The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Mousumi Tania
- Research Division, Nature Study Society of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Division of Molecular Cancer Biology, Red Green Research Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Asaduzzaman Khan
- The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
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61
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Mustelin T, Ukadike KC. How Retroviruses and Retrotransposons in Our Genome May Contribute to Autoimmunity in Rheumatological Conditions. Front Immunol 2020; 11:593891. [PMID: 33281822 PMCID: PMC7691656 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.593891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
More than 200 human disorders include various manifestations of autoimmunity. The molecular events that lead to these diseases are still incompletely understood and their causes remain largely unknown. Numerous potential triggers of autoimmunity have been proposed over the years, but very few of them have been conclusively confirmed or firmly refuted. Viruses have topped the lists of suspects for decades, and it seems that many viruses, including those of the Herpesviridae family, indeed can influence disease initiation and/or promote exacerbations by a number of mechanisms that include prolonged anti-viral immunity, immune subverting factors, and mechanisms, and perhaps “molecular mimicry”. However, no specific virus has yet been established as being truly causative. Here, we discuss a different, but perhaps mechanistically related possibility, namely that retrotransposons or retroviruses that infected us in the past and left a lasting copy of themselves in our genome still can provoke an escalating immune response that leads to autoimmune disease. Many of these loci still encode for retroviral proteins that have retained some, or all, of their original functions. Importantly, these endogenous proviruses cannot be eliminated by the immune system the way it can eliminate exogenous viruses. Hence, if not properly controlled, they may drive a frustrated and escalating chronic, or episodic, immune response to the point of a frank autoimmune disorder. Here, we discuss the evidence and the proposed mechanisms, and assess the therapeutic options that emerge from the current understanding of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Mustelin
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Kennedy C Ukadike
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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62
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Goulden B, Isenberg D. Anti-IFNαR Mabs for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2020; 21:519-528. [PMID: 33085537 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2021.1841164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The type 1 interferon pathway is known to play a role in the immunopathology of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). As a result, biologic agents targeting this pathway have been developed and are currently being investigated in clinical trials. AREAS COVERED We review the biologic agents which have been developed to antagonize type I interferons in SLE. We focus on anifrolumab, a type I interferon receptor antagonist, and consider the complexities of defining efficacy in SLE clinical trials. EXPERT OPINION Anifrolumab shows promise as an addition to the SLE therapeutic armamentarium. Despite discordant results between its two phase III studies, there is a convincing suggestion of benefit in both trials to encourage the view that this approach might be effective. Data acquired thus far look particularly useful for cutaneous disease. We await data on its effect on renal, pulmonary, cardiac, and central nervous system involvement, on patient reported outcomes, and its safety and efficacy with long-term use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethan Goulden
- Rheumatology Department, University College London, London, UK
| | - David Isenberg
- Rheumatology Department, University College London, London, UK
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63
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Clinical Aspects of Janus Kinase (JAK) Inhibitors in the Cardiovascular System in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197390. [PMID: 33036382 PMCID: PMC7583966 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, a novel class of targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), have shown their safety and efficacy in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and are being intensively tested in other autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. Targeting several cytokines with a single small compound leads to blocking the physiological response of hundreds of genes, thereby providing the background to stabilize the immune response. Unfortunately, blocking many cytokines with a single drug may also bring some negative consequences. In this review, we focused on the activity of JAK inhibitors in the cardiovascular system of patients with RA. Special emphasis was put on the modification of heart performance, progression of atherosclerosis, lipid profile disturbance, and risk of thromboembolic complications. We also discussed potential pathophysiological mechanisms that may be responsible for such JAK inhibitor-associated side effects.
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64
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Watanabe R, Berry GJ, Liang DH, Goronzy JJ, Weyand CM. Cellular Signaling Pathways in Medium and Large Vessel Vasculitis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:587089. [PMID: 33072134 PMCID: PMC7544845 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.587089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases of the medium and large arteries, including the aorta, cause life-threatening complications due to vessel wall destruction but also by wall remodeling, such as the formation of wall-penetrating microvessels and lumen-stenosing neointima. The two most frequent large vessel vasculitides, giant cell arteritis (GCA) and Takayasu arteritis (TAK), are HLA-associated diseases, strongly suggestive for a critical role of T cells and antigen recognition in disease pathogenesis. Recent studies have revealed a growing spectrum of effector functions through which T cells participate in the immunopathology of GCA and TAK; causing the disease-specific patterning of pathology and clinical outcome. Core pathogenic features of disease-relevant T cells rely on the interaction with endothelial cells, dendritic cells and macrophages and lead to vessel wall invasion, formation of tissue-damaging granulomatous infiltrates and induction of the name-giving multinucleated giant cells. Besides antigen, pathogenic T cells encounter danger signals in their immediate microenvironment that they translate into disease-relevant effector functions. Decisive signaling pathways, such as the AKT pathway, the NOTCH pathway, and the JAK/STAT pathway modify antigen-induced T cell activation and emerge as promising therapeutic targets to halt disease progression and, eventually, reset the immune system to reestablish the immune privilege of the arterial wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryu Watanabe
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Gerald J Berry
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - David H Liang
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Jörg J Goronzy
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Cornelia M Weyand
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
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65
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Talotta R, Robertson E. Autoimmunity as the comet tail of COVID-19 pandemic. World J Clin Cases 2020; 8:3621-3644. [PMID: 32953841 PMCID: PMC7479552 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i17.3621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can give rise to different clinical manifestations that are directly related to viral tissue damage or indirectly induced by the antiviral immune response. Hyper-activation of the immune system in an attempt to eradicate the infection may trigger autoimmunity. Several immune-mediated disorders have been described in SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals. These include cutaneous rashes and vasculitis, autoimmune cytopenia, anti-phospholipid syndrome, central or peripheral neuropathy, myositis and myocarditis. On the other hand, rheumatic patients were reported to have similar coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) incidence, morbidity and mortality rates compared to general population. This opinion review will summarize the crucial immunologic steps which occur during SARS-CoV-2-infection that may link autoimmunity to COVID-19 and provides an opportunity for further discussion regarding this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Talotta
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, AOU “Gaetano Martino”, University of Messina, Messina 98100, Italy
| | - Erle Robertson
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19014, United States
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66
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Impact of IL-34, IFN-α and IFN-λ1 on activity of systemic lupus erythematosus in Egyptian patients. Reumatologia 2020; 58:221-230. [PMID: 32921829 PMCID: PMC7477477 DOI: 10.5114/reum.2020.98434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune, multi-system inflammatory disease. Among cytokines involved in SLE pathogenesis, interferons (particularly IFN-α) and interleukin 34 play a pivotal role. Interestingly, the gene signatures of type III (IFN-λ1) and type I IFNs may overlap. Increased levels of IFN-λ also have been reported in SLE. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess serum levels of IL-34, IFN-λ1, IFN-α and the relationship between these cytokines and clinical and laboratory parameters and response to treatment in a cohort of Egyptian SLE patients. Material and methods The study included 82 newly diagnosed SLE patients: male 17.1% (n = 14), female 82.9% (n = 68), mean age ±SD: 48.6 ±8.2 and 60 healthy subjects matched by age and gender as a control group. Medical history, physical examination and laboratory tests for confirming SLE diagnosis and assessment of disease activity were collected. The assessment of serum levels of studied cytokines were performed using the ELISA method. All studied patients after first cytokine evaluation were treated with a combination of antimalarial drugs, glucocorticosteroids and/or immunosuppressive drugs with follow-up after six months of treatment. Results In the SLE group the mean serum levels of IL-34, IFN-α and IFN-λ1 were 175.9 ±125.9 pg/ml, 109.3 ±32.5 pg/ml and 227.9 ±144.8 pg/ml respectively. These cytokine levels were significantly higher in the SLE group than in healthy controls. 39% of SLE patients (n = 32) had SLAM > 6 and 26.8% (n = 22) had SLEDAI >6. There were 21 SLE patients (25.6%) with lupus nephritis. IL-34 and IFN-λ1 were positively correlated with anti-dsDNA antibodies but negatively correlated with C3 complement component (p ≤ 0.05). IL-34, INF-α and IFN-λ1 were significantly higher in lupus nephritis patients, and correlated with poorest response to treatment. IL-34 and IFN-λ1 were correlated with higher SLAM > 6 and SLEDAI > 6 results; there was no such correlation between IFN-α and disease activity. Accumulation of three or more clinical features during follow-up was significantly associated with high levels of studied cytokines. Triple high positivity was found in 17 patients (20.7%) and correlated with presence of anti-dsDNA antibodies, low levels of C3 component of complement and lupus nephritis. Conclusions SLE patients with high serum levels of IL-34, IFN-α and IFN-λ1 more often had lupus nephritis and poor response to immunosuppressive treatment. The triple cytokine elevation was strongly associated with higher disease activity. These results may indicate the need to distinguish this group of patients with such aggressive phenotype and consider targeted multi-therapy.
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67
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Andersson CR, Selvin T, Blom K, Rubin J, Berglund M, Jarvius M, Lenhammar L, Parrow V, Loskog A, Fryknäs M, Nygren P, Larsson R. Mebendazole is unique among tubulin-active drugs in activating the MEK-ERK pathway. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13124. [PMID: 32753665 PMCID: PMC7403428 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68986-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently showed that the anti-helminthic compound mebendazole (MBZ) has immunomodulating activity in monocyte/macrophage models and induces ERK signalling. In the present study we investigated whether MBZ induced ERK activation is shared by other tubulin binding agents (TBAs) and if it is observable also in other human cell types. Curated gene signatures for a panel of TBAs in the LINCS Connectivity Map (CMap) database showed a unique strong negative correlation of MBZ with MEK/ERK inhibitors indicating ERK activation also in non-haematological cell lines. L1000 gene expression signatures for MBZ treated THP-1 monocytes also connected negatively to MEK inhibitors. MEK/ERK phosphoprotein activity testing of a number of TBAs showed that only MBZ increased the activity in both THP-1 monocytes and PMA differentiated macrophages. Distal effects on ERK phosphorylation of the substrate P90RSK and release of IL1B followed the same pattern. The effect of MBZ on MEK/ERK phosphorylation was inhibited by RAF/MEK/ERK inhibitors in THP-1 models, CD3/IL2 stimulated PBMCs and a MAPK reporter HEK-293 cell line. MBZ was also shown to increase ERK activity in CD4+ T-cells from lupus patients with known defective ERK signalling. Given these mechanistic features MBZ is suggested suitable for treatment of diseases characterized by defective ERK signalling, notably difficult to treat autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claes R Andersson
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology and Computational Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Tove Selvin
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology and Computational Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kristin Blom
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology and Computational Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jenny Rubin
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology and Computational Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Malin Berglund
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology and Computational Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Malin Jarvius
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology and Computational Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lena Lenhammar
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology and Computational Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vendela Parrow
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology and Computational Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Angelica Loskog
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Section of Oncology, Uppsala University, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mårten Fryknäs
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology and Computational Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Peter Nygren
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Section of Oncology, Uppsala University, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rolf Larsson
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology and Computational Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Hosur V, Skelly DA, Francis C, Low BE, Kohar V, Burzenski LM, Amiji MM, Shultz LD, Wiles MV. Improved mouse models and advanced genetic and genomic technologies for the study of neutrophils. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:1013-1025. [PMID: 32387410 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mice have been excellent surrogates for studying neutrophil biology and, furthermore, murine models of human disease have provided fundamental insights into the roles of human neutrophils in innate immunity. The emergence of novel humanized mice and high-diversity mouse populations offers the research community innovative and powerful platforms for better understanding, respectively, the mechanisms by which human neutrophils drive pathogenicity, and how genetic differences underpin the variation in neutrophil biology observed among humans. Here, we review key examples of these new resources. Additionally, we provide an overview of advanced genetic engineering tools available to further improve such murine model systems, of sophisticated neutrophil-profiling technologies, and of multifunctional nanoparticle (NP)-based neutrophil-targeting strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu Hosur
- The Jackson Laboratory for Mammalian Genetics, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA.
| | - Daniel A Skelly
- The Jackson Laboratory for Mammalian Genetics, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA
| | - Christopher Francis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Benjamin E Low
- The Jackson Laboratory for Mammalian Genetics, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA
| | - Vivek Kohar
- The Jackson Laboratory for Mammalian Genetics, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA
| | - Lisa M Burzenski
- The Jackson Laboratory for Mammalian Genetics, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA
| | - Mansoor M Amiji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Leonard D Shultz
- The Jackson Laboratory for Mammalian Genetics, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA
| | - Michael V Wiles
- The Jackson Laboratory for Mammalian Genetics, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA
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69
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Rubin LH, Xu Y, Norris PJ, Wang X, Dastgheyb R, Fitzgerald KC, Keating SM, Kaplan RC, Maki PM, Anastos K, Springer G, Benning L, Kassaye S, Gustafson DR, Valcour VG, Williams DW. Early Inflammatory Signatures Predict Subsequent Cognition in Long-Term Virally Suppressed Women With HIV. Front Integr Neurosci 2020; 14:20. [PMID: 32390808 PMCID: PMC7193823 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2020.00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunologic function is an important determinant of cognition. Here we examined the contribution of early immune signatures to cognitive performance among HIV-infected, virally suppressed women (HIV+VS) and in HIV-uninfected (HIV-) women. Specifically, we measured serum inflammatory markers, developed combinatory immune signatures, and evaluated their associations with cognition. Forty-nine HIV+VS women in the Women’s Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) who achieved viral suppression shortly after effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation, and 56 matched HIV− women were selected. Forty-two serum inflammatory markers were measured within 2 years of effective ART initiation for HIV+VS women, and at an initial timepoint for HIV− women. The same inflammatory markers were also measured approximately 1, 7, and 12 years later for all women. Of the 105 women with complete immune data, 83 (34 HIV+VS, 49 HIV−) also had cognitive data available 12 years later at ≥1 time points (median = 3.1). We searched for combinatory immune signatures by adapting a dynamic matrix factorization analytic method that builds upon Tucker decomposition followed by Ingenuity® Pathway Analysis to facilitate data interpretation. Seven combinatory immune signatures emerged based on the Frobenius residual. Three signatures were common between HIV+VS and HIV− women, while four signatures were unique. These inflammatory signatures predicted subsequent cognitive performance in both groups using mixed-effects modeling, but more domain-specific associations were significant in HIV+VS than HIV− women. Leukocyte influx into brain was a major contributor to cognitive function in HIV+VS women, while T cell exhaustion, inflammatory response indicative of depressive/psychiatric disorders, microglial activity, and cytokine signaling predicted both global and domain-specific performance for HIV− women. Our findings suggest that immune signatures may be useful diagnostic, prognostic, and immunotherapeutic targets predictive of subsequent cognitive performance. Importantly, they also provide insight into common and distinct inflammatory mechanisms underlying cognition in HIV− and HIV+VS women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah H Rubin
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Yanxun Xu
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Philip J Norris
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Vitalant Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Xuzhi Wang
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Raha Dastgheyb
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | | | - Sheila M Keating
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Vitalant Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Robert C Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Pauline M Maki
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Kathryn Anastos
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.,Department of General Internal Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Gayle Springer
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Lorie Benning
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Seble Kassaye
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Deborah R Gustafson
- Department of Neurology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Victor G Valcour
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Dionna W Williams
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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70
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Hubert M, Gobbini E, Couillault C, Manh TPV, Doffin AC, Berthet J, Rodriguez C, Ollion V, Kielbassa J, Sajous C, Treilleux I, Tredan O, Dubois B, Dalod M, Bendriss-Vermare N, Caux C, Valladeau-Guilemond J. IFN-III is selectively produced by cDC1 and predicts good clinical outcome in breast cancer. Sci Immunol 2020; 5:5/46/eaav3942. [PMID: 32303573 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aav3942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells play a key role in the orchestration of antitumor immune responses. The cDC1 (conventional dendritic cell 1) subset has been shown to be essential for antitumor responses and response to immunotherapy, but its precise role in humans is largely unexplored. Using a multidisciplinary approach, we demonstrate that human cDC1 play an important role in the antitumor immune response through their capacity to produce type III interferon (IFN-λ). By analyzing a large cohort of breast primary tumors and public transcriptomic datasets, we observed specific production of IFN-λ1 by cDC1. In addition, both IFN-λ1 and its receptor were associated with favorable patient outcomes. We show that IFN-III promotes a TH1 microenvironment through increased production of IL-12p70, IFN-γ, and cytotoxic lymphocyte-recruiting chemokines. Last, we showed that engagement of TLR3 is a therapeutic strategy to induce IFN-III production by tumor-associated cDC1. These data provide insight into potential IFN- or cDC1-targeting antitumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaux Hubert
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, 69008, France.,Laboratoire d'Immunothérapie des Cancers de Lyon (LICL), Lyon, France
| | - Elisa Gobbini
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, 69008, France.,CHU Grenoble-Alpes, France
| | - Coline Couillault
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, 69008, France
| | - Thien-Phong Vu Manh
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Anne-Claire Doffin
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, 69008, France
| | - Justine Berthet
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, 69008, France.,Laboratoire d'Immunothérapie des Cancers de Lyon (LICL), Lyon, France
| | - Céline Rodriguez
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, 69008, France.,Laboratoire d'Immunothérapie des Cancers de Lyon (LICL), Lyon, France
| | - Vincent Ollion
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, 69008, France.,LabEx DEVweCAN, Lyon, France
| | - Janice Kielbassa
- Synergie Lyon Cancer, Plateforme de Bio-informatique 'Gilles Thomas', Lyon, France
| | - Christophe Sajous
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, 69008, France
| | | | | | - Bertrand Dubois
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, 69008, France.,Laboratoire d'Immunothérapie des Cancers de Lyon (LICL), Lyon, France
| | - Marc Dalod
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Nathalie Bendriss-Vermare
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, 69008, France.,Laboratoire d'Immunothérapie des Cancers de Lyon (LICL), Lyon, France.,LabEx DEVweCAN, Lyon, France
| | - Christophe Caux
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, 69008, France.,Laboratoire d'Immunothérapie des Cancers de Lyon (LICL), Lyon, France.,LabEx DEVweCAN, Lyon, France.,Centre Léon Bérard, F-69008 Lyon, France
| | - Jenny Valladeau-Guilemond
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, 69008, France. .,LabEx DEVweCAN, Lyon, France
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71
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El-Sherbiny YM, Md Yusof MY, Psarras A, Hensor EMA, Kabba KZ, Dutton K, Mohamed AAA, Elewaut D, McGonagle D, Tooze R, Doody G, Wittmann M, Emery P, Vital EM. B Cell Tetherin: A Flow Cytometric Cell-Specific Assay for Response to Type I Interferon Predicts Clinical Features and Flares in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Arthritis Rheumatol 2020; 72:769-779. [PMID: 31804007 PMCID: PMC8653884 DOI: 10.1002/art.41187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Type I interferon (IFN) responses are broadly associated with autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Given the cardinal role of autoantibodies in SLE, this study was undertaken to investigate whether the findings of a B cell-specific IFN assay correlate with SLE activity. METHODS B cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were stimulated with type I IFN and type II IFN. Gene expression was analyzed, and the expression of pathway-related membrane proteins was determined. A flow cytometry assay for tetherin (CD317), an IFN-induced protein ubiquitously expressed on leukocytes, was validated in vitro and then clinically against SLE diagnosis, plasmablast expansion, and the British Isles Lupus Assessment Group (BILAG) 2004 score in a discovery cohort (n = 156 SLE patients, 30 rheumatoid arthritis [RA] patients, and 25 healthy controls). A second, longitudinal validation cohort of 80 SLE patients was also evaluated for flare prediction. RESULTS In vitro, a close cell-specific and dose-response relationship between type I IFN-responsive genes and cell surface tetherin was observed in all immune cell subsets. Tetherin expression on multiple cell subsets was selectively responsive to stimulation with type I IFN compared to types II and III IFNs. In patient samples from the discovery cohort, memory B cell tetherin showed the strongest associations with diagnosis (SLE:healthy control effect size 0.11 [P = 0.003]; SLE:RA effect size 0.17 [P < 0.001]), plasmablast numbers in rituximab-treated patients (R = 0.38, P = 0.047), and BILAG 2004. These associations were equivalent to or stronger than those for IFN score or monocyte tetherin. Memory B cell tetherin was found to be predictive of future clinical flares in the validation cohort (hazard ratio 2.29 [95% confidence interval 1.01-4.64]; P = 0.022). CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that memory B cell surface tetherin, a B cell-specific IFN assay, is associated with SLE diagnosis and disease activity, and predicts flares better than tetherin on other cell subsets or whole blood assays, as determined in an independent validation cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser M El-Sherbiny
- University of Leeds, Leeds, UK, Nottingham Trent University School of Science and Technology, Nottingham, UK, and Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Md Yuzaiful Md Yusof
- University of Leeds, Leeds, UK, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Antonios Psarras
- University of Leeds, Leeds, UK, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Elizabeth M A Hensor
- University of Leeds, Leeds, UK, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Katherine Dutton
- University of Leeds, Leeds, UK, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Alaa A A Mohamed
- University of Leeds, Leeds, UK, and Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | - Dennis McGonagle
- University of Leeds, Leeds, UK, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | | | | | - Miriam Wittmann
- University of Leeds, Leeds, UK, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Paul Emery
- University of Leeds, Leeds, UK, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Edward M Vital
- University of Leeds, Leeds, UK, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
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Blokland SLM, van den Hoogen LL, Leijten EFA, Hartgring SAY, Fritsch R, Kruize AA, van Roon JAG, Radstake TRDJ. Increased expression of Fas on group 2 and 3 innate lymphoid cells is associated with an interferon signature in systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjögren's syndrome. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2020; 58:1740-1745. [PMID: 31220315 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kez116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The role of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in the pathophysiology of rheumatic diseases is emerging. Evidence from animal studies implicate type I IFN, produced by plasmacytoid dendritic cells, to be involved in regulating the survival of group 2 and group 3 ILCs (ILC2s and ILC3s) via the upregulation of Fas (CD95) expression. For the first time, we explored the frequency and phenotype of circulating ILCs in SLE and primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) in relationship to the IFN signature. METHODS Frequencies and phenotypes of ILC subsets and plasmacytoid dendritic cells were assessed by flow cytometry in peripheral blood of patients with SLE (n = 20), pSS (n = 20) and healthy controls (n = 17). Patients were stratified by the presence or absence of an IFN signature as assessed by RT-qPCR on circulating mononuclear cells. RESULTS ILC1 frequencies were increased in peripheral blood of patients with SLE as compared with healthy controls and correlate with disease activity in pSS patients. Overall, the frequencies of ILC2s or ILC3s did not differ between patients with SLE, pSS and healthy controls. However, patients with a high type I IFN signature expressed elevated levels of Fas on ILC2s and ILC3s, which coincided with decreased frequencies of these cells in blood. CONCLUSION The presence of a type I IFN signature is related to Fas expression and frequencies of circulating ILC2s and ILC3s in patients with SLE and pSS, potentially altering the homeostatic balance of ILCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie L M Blokland
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lucas L van den Hoogen
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Emmerik F A Leijten
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sarita A Y Hartgring
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ruth Fritsch
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Faculty of Medicine, Sigmund Freud Private University.,1st Medical Department, Hanusch Hospital, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of WGKK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, Vienna, Austria
| | - Aike A Kruize
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joel A G van Roon
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy R D J Radstake
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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73
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Nyalwidhe JO, Jurczyk A, Satish B, Redick S, Qaisar N, Trombly MI, Vangala P, Racicot R, Bortell R, Harlan DM, Greiner DL, Brehm MA, Nadler JL, Wang JP. Proteomic and Transcriptional Profiles of Human Stem Cell-Derived β Cells Following Enteroviral Challenge. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8020295. [PMID: 32093375 PMCID: PMC7074978 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8020295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Enteroviral infections are implicated in islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes (T1D) pathogenesis. Significant β-cell stress and damage occur with viral infection, leading to cells that are dysfunctional and vulnerable to destruction. Human stem cell-derived β (SC-β) cells are insulin-producing cell clusters that closely resemble native β cells. To better understand the events precipitated by enteroviral infection of β cells, we investigated transcriptional and proteomic changes in SC-β cells challenged with coxsackie B virus (CVB). We confirmed infection by demonstrating that viral protein colocalized with insulin-positive SC-β cells by immunostaining. Transcriptome analysis showed a decrease in insulin gene expression following infection, and combined transcriptional and proteomic analysis revealed activation of innate immune pathways, including type I interferon (IFN), IFN-stimulated genes, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and downstream inflammatory cytokines, and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I. Finally, insulin release by CVB4-infected SC-β cells was impaired. These transcriptional, proteomic, and functional findings are in agreement with responses in primary human islets infected with CVB ex vivo. Human SC-β cells may serve as a surrogate for primary human islets in virus-induced diabetes models. Because human SC-β cells are more genetically tractable and accessible than primary islets, they may provide a preferred platform for investigating T1D pathogenesis and developing new treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius O. Nyalwidhe
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology and Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23501, USA; (J.O.N.); (J.L.N.)
| | - Agata Jurczyk
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA; (A.J.); (S.R.); (R.B.); (D.L.G.); (M.A.B.)
| | - Basanthi Satish
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA; (B.S.); (N.Q.); (M.I.T.); (R.R.); (D.M.H.)
| | - Sambra Redick
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA; (A.J.); (S.R.); (R.B.); (D.L.G.); (M.A.B.)
| | - Natasha Qaisar
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA; (B.S.); (N.Q.); (M.I.T.); (R.R.); (D.M.H.)
| | - Melanie I. Trombly
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA; (B.S.); (N.Q.); (M.I.T.); (R.R.); (D.M.H.)
| | - Pranitha Vangala
- Department of Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA;
| | - Riccardo Racicot
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA; (B.S.); (N.Q.); (M.I.T.); (R.R.); (D.M.H.)
| | - Rita Bortell
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA; (A.J.); (S.R.); (R.B.); (D.L.G.); (M.A.B.)
| | - David M. Harlan
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA; (B.S.); (N.Q.); (M.I.T.); (R.R.); (D.M.H.)
| | - Dale L. Greiner
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA; (A.J.); (S.R.); (R.B.); (D.L.G.); (M.A.B.)
| | - Michael A. Brehm
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA; (A.J.); (S.R.); (R.B.); (D.L.G.); (M.A.B.)
| | - Jerry L. Nadler
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology and Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23501, USA; (J.O.N.); (J.L.N.)
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | - Jennifer P. Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA; (B.S.); (N.Q.); (M.I.T.); (R.R.); (D.M.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +01-508-856-8414
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74
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Saitoh SI, Saitoh YM, Kontani K, Sato K, Miyake K. ADP-ribosylation factor-like 8b is required for the development of mouse models of systemic lupus erythematosus. Int Immunol 2020; 31:225-237. [PMID: 30753473 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxy084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) and type I interferons (IFN-1) are essential for the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) models such as BXSB.Yaa and 2,6,10,14-tetramethyl-pentadecane (TMPD)-induced experimental lupus. However, the mechanism underlying the development of SLE remains undefined. We report a requirement for ADP-ribosylation factor-like 8b (Arl8b) for TLR7-dependent IFN-1 production in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). We analyzed whether Arl8b plays a role in two SLE models by comparing wild-type and Arl8b-deficient Arl8b GeneTrap (Arl8bGt/Gt) mice. We found that BXSB.Yaa Arl8bGt/Gt mice showed none of the abnormalities characterized in BXSB.Yaa mice. TMPD treatment of Arl8bGt/Gt mice significantly inhibited the development of SLE. pDCs were required for TMPD-induced peritonitis. Our data demonstrate that Arl8b contributes to disease pathogenesis in two SLE models via IFN-1-dependent and -independent mechanisms and suggest that Arl8b is an attractive new target for therapeutic intervention in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ichiroh Saitoh
- Division of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minatoku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Mori Saitoh
- Division of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minatoku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Kontani
- Department of Biochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuaki Sato
- Division of Immunology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.,Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kensuke Miyake
- Division of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minatoku, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Center for Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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75
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Andreou NP, Legaki E, Gazouli M. Inflammatory bowel disease pathobiology: the role of the interferon signature. Ann Gastroenterol 2020; 33:125-133. [PMID: 32127733 PMCID: PMC7049232 DOI: 10.20524/aog.2020.0457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is still unclear, but includes both inflammatory and autoimmune reactions. Current methodological approaches could better elucidate the cytokine pathways and the genetics involved in the etiopathogenesis of this disease. Interferons (IFNs) are cytokines that play a key role in autoimmune/inflammatory disorders because of their pro- and anti-inflammatory properties as well as their immunoregulatory functions. An increased expression of IFN-regulated genes, widely known as an IFN signature, has been reported in blood and tissue from patients with autoimmune disorders. In this review, we present the function as well as the clinical and therapeutic potential of the IFN signature. Current data demonstrate that the IFN signature can be used as a biomarker that defines disease activity in autoimmune diseases, although this has not been thoroughly studied in IBD. Consequently, further investigation of the IFN signature in IBD would be essential for a better understanding of its actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolaos-Panagiotis Andreou
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Legaki
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Gazouli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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76
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Aiello A, Giannessi F, Percario ZA, Affabris E. An emerging interplay between extracellular vesicles and cytokines. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2019; 51:49-60. [PMID: 31874738 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membrane-bound particles that are naturally released from cells. They are recognized as potent vehicles of intercellular communication both in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Because of their capacity to carry biological macromolecules such as proteins, lipids and nucleic acids, EVs influence different physiological and pathological functions of both parental and recipient cells. Although multiple pathways have been proposed for cytokine secretion beyond the classical ER/Golgi route, EVs have recently recognized as an alternative secretory mechanism. Interestingly, cytokines/chemokines exploit these vesicles to be released into the extracellular milieu, and also appear to modulate their release, trafficking and/or content. In this review, we provide an overview of the cytokines/chemokines that are known to be associated with EVs or their regulation with a focus on TNFα, IL-1β and IFNs.
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77
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Brink M, Lundquist A, Alexeyenko A, Lejon K, Rantapää-Dahlqvist S. Protein profiling and network enrichment analysis in individuals before and after the onset of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2019; 21:288. [PMID: 31842970 PMCID: PMC6915963 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-019-2066-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Antibodies and upregulated cytokines and chemokines predate the onset of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) symptoms. We aimed to identify the pathways related to the early processes leading to RA development, as well as potential novel biomarkers, using multiple protein analyses. Methods A case-control study was conducted within the Biobank of northern Sweden. The plasma samples from 118 pre-symptomatic individuals (207 samples; median predating time 4.1 years), 79 early RA patients, and 74 matched controls were analyzed. The levels of 122 unique proteins with an acknowledged relationship to autoimmunity were analyzed using 153 antibodies and a bead-based multiplex system (FlexMap3D; Luminex Corp.). The data were analyzed using multifactorial linear regression model, random forest, and network enrichment analysis (NEA) based on the 10 most significantly differentially expressed proteins for each two-by-two group comparison, using the MSigDB collection of hallmarks. Results There was a high agreement between the different statistical methods to identify the most significant proteins. The adipogenesis and interferon alpha response hallmarks differentiated pre-symptomatic individuals from controls. These two hallmarks included proteins involved in innate immunity. Between pre-symptomatic individuals and RA patients, three hallmarks were identified as follows: apical junction, epithelial mesenchymal transition, and TGF-β signaling, including proteins suggestive of cell interaction, remodulation, and fibrosis. The adipogenesis and heme metabolism hallmarks differentiated RA patients from controls. Conclusions We confirm the importance of interferon alpha signaling and lipids in the early phases of RA development. Network enrichment analysis provides a tool for a deeper understanding of molecules involved at different phases of the disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Brink
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Rheumatology, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Anders Lundquist
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Division of Infection and Immunology, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Andrey Alexeyenko
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristina Lejon
- Division of Infection and Immunology, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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78
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Shan S, Zhou Y, Yu J, Yang Q, Pan D, Wang Y, Li L, Zhu J, Zhang Y, Huang S, Li Z, Ning Z, Xin L, Lu X. Therapeutic treatment of a novel selective JAK3/JAK1/TBK1 inhibitor, CS12192, in rat and mouse models of rheumatoid arthritis. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 77:105914. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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79
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Bergallo M, Ferrari L, Faolotto G, Balbo PE, Montanari P, Patrucco F, Gavelli F, Daverio M, Bellan M, Salmi L, Castello LM, Ravanini P. Interferon signature in immunosuppressed patients with lower respiratory tract infections: dosage on bronchoalveolar lavage. Minerva Med 2019; 111:245-253. [PMID: 31755671 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.19.06334-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interferon signature (IS) is the measure of transcripts belonging to pathways of interferon activation. Viral infections can interfere with the interferon pathway, in particular herpesvirus present in immunocompromised hosts. The aim of our study was to evaluate if herpesvirus infections in immunocompromised patients with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) could lead to IS alterations. METHODS We measured IS transcription of six genes on bronchoalveolar lavage of immunocompromised patients with LRTI (IFI27, IFI44, IFIT1, ISG15, RSAD2, SIGLEC1). Patients were divided in three groups based on Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and other herpesviruses coinfections. RESULTS We included 56 patients, 10 without and 17 with only EBV reactivation (respectively N and E groups) and 29 with EBV and other herpesviruses (group C). IS was higher in group C (P=0.01) compared to other ones, but single gene expressions were different among groups: IFI27 was higher whereas IFIT1 and ISG15 were lower in group C (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The continuous stimulation of interferon cascade by herpesviruses enhances IS. The analysis of IS in immunocompromised population is possible by limiting the use of IFI27, IFIT1, ISG15 genes. Our preliminary results seem to indicate that IS is a useful biomarker of cellular response to herpesvirus infection in immunocompromised patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Bergallo
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin Medical School, Turin, Italy
| | - Linda Ferrari
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Giulia Faolotto
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Piero E Balbo
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Medical Department, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Paola Montanari
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin Medical School, Turin, Italy
| | - Filippo Patrucco
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Medical Department, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy - .,Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Francesco Gavelli
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Matteo Daverio
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Medical Department, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Mattia Bellan
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy.,Center for Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD), Novara, Italy.,Immunorheumatology Unit, Division of Internal Medicine, Medical Department, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Livia Salmi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Luigi M Castello
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Paolo Ravanini
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy
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80
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Identification of U11snRNA as an endogenous agonist of TLR7-mediated immune pathogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:23653-23661. [PMID: 31694883 PMCID: PMC6876158 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1915326116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of innate immune receptors by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) is central to host defense against infections. On the other hand, these receptors are also activated by immunogenic damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), typically released from dying cells, and the activation can evoke chronic inflammatory or autoimmune disorders. One of the best known receptors involved in the immune pathogenesis is Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7), which recognizes RNA with single-stranded structure. However, the causative DAMP RNA(s) in the pathogenesis has yet to be identified. Here, we first developed a chemical compound, termed KN69, that suppresses autoimmunity in several established mouse models. A subsequent search for KN69-binding partners led to the identification of U11 small nuclear RNA (U11snRNA) as a candidate DAMP RNA involved in TLR7-induced autoimmunity. We then showed that U11snRNA robustly activated the TLR7 pathway in vitro and induced arthritis disease in vivo. We also found a correlation between high serum level of U11snRNA and autoimmune diseases in human subjects and established mouse models. Finally, by revealing the structural basis for U11snRNA's ability to activate TLR7, we developed more potent TLR7 agonists and TLR7 antagonists, which may offer new therapeutic approaches for autoimmunity or other immune-driven diseases. Thus, our study has revealed a hitherto unknown immune function of U11snRNA, providing insight into TLR7-mediated autoimmunity and its potential for further therapeutic applications.
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81
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Frizinsky S, Haj-Yahia S, Machnes Maayan D, Lifshitz Y, Maoz-Segal R, Offengenden I, Kidon M, Agmon-Levin N. The innate immune perspective of autoimmune and autoinflammatory conditions. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2019; 58:vi1-vi8. [PMID: 31769855 PMCID: PMC6878844 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kez387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immunity is one of two immune defence system arms. It is present at birth and does not require 'learning' through exposure to foreign organisms. It activates various mechanisms collectively to eliminate pathogens and hold an infection until the adaptive response are mounted. The innate immune system consists of four elements: the epithelial barrier, cells (e.g. macrophages, NK cells), plasma proteins (e.g. complement) and cytokines. These components act in concert to induce complex processes, as well as recruitment, activation and differentiation of adaptive responses. The innate response is more than just the 'first line of defence', as it essentially withholds the vast majority of any intruder, has a complex interplay with the adaptive arm and is crucial for survival of the host. Finally, yet importantly, a myriad of diseases has been linked with innate immune dysregulation. In this mini-review we will shed some light on these conditions, particularly regarding autoinflammatory ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirly Frizinsky
- Clinical Immunology, Angioedema and Allergy Unit, The Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Soad Haj-Yahia
- Clinical Immunology, Angioedema and Allergy Unit, The Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Diti Machnes Maayan
- Clinical Immunology, Angioedema and Allergy Unit, The Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yulia Lifshitz
- Clinical Immunology, Angioedema and Allergy Unit, The Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ramit Maoz-Segal
- Clinical Immunology, Angioedema and Allergy Unit, The Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Irean Offengenden
- Clinical Immunology, Angioedema and Allergy Unit, The Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mona Kidon
- Clinical Immunology, Angioedema and Allergy Unit, The Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nancy Agmon-Levin
- Clinical Immunology, Angioedema and Allergy Unit, The Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Meta-Analysis of Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis Microarray Data Reveals Novel Genetic Biomarkers. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10110864. [PMID: 31671645 PMCID: PMC6895911 DOI: 10.3390/genes10110864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM) are both classified as idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. They share a few common characteristics such as inflammation and muscle weakness. Previous studies have indicated that these diseases present aspects of an auto-immune disorder; however, their exact pathogenesis is still unclear. In this study, three gene expression datasets (PM: 7, DM: 50, Control: 13) available in public databases were used to conduct meta-analysis. We then conducted expression quantitative trait loci analysis to detect the variant sites that may contribute to the pathogenesis of PM and DM. Six-hundred differentially expressed genes were identified in the meta-analysis (false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.01), among which 317 genes were up-regulated and 283 were down-regulated in the disease group compared with those in the healthy control group. The up-regulated genes were significantly enriched in interferon-signaling pathways in protein secretion, and/or in unfolded-protein response. We detected 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) which could potentially play key roles in driving the PM and DM. Along with previously reported genes, we identified 4 novel genes and 10 SNP-variant regions which could be used as candidates for potential drug targets or biomarkers for PM and DM.
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83
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Brohawn PZ, Streicher K, Higgs BW, Morehouse C, Liu H, Illei G, Ranade K. Type I interferon gene signature test–low and –high patients with systemic lupus erythematosus have distinct gene expression signatures. Lupus 2019; 28:1524-1533. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203319885447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Type I interferon (IFN) is implicated in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) pathogenesis. We aimed to identify type I IFN signaling-dependent and -independent molecular pathways in a large population of patients with SLE. Methods Baseline blood samples from adult patients with moderate to severe SLE from two Phase IIb studies (NCT01438489, n = 265; NCT01283139, n = 416) were profiled using whole transcriptome array analyses. Type I IFN gene signature (IFNGS) test status (high or low) was determined using a validated qualitative polymerase chain reaction–based test. IFN-type-specific signatures were developed by stimulating healthy blood with IFN-β, IFN-γ, IFN-λ, IFN-ω, or pooled IFN-α. These, and multiple literature-derived cell type and cytokine pathway signatures, were evaluated in individual and pooled study populations. A Fisher’s exact test was used for associations, adjusted for false discovery rate. Results Whole blood samples from IFNGS test–high patients were enriched versus IFNGS test–low patients for CD40L signaling ( Q < 0.001), CXC cytokine ( Q < 0.001), TLR8-mediated monocyte activation ( Q < 0.001), IgG ( Q < 0.001), major histocompatibility complex class I ( Q < 0.001), and plasma cell ( Q < 0.001) gene expression signatures. IFNGS test–low patients had significant enrichment of eosinophil ( Q < 0.001), IFN-γ-specific ( Q = 0.005), and T-cell or B-cell ( Q < 0.001) signatures. Similar enrichment profiles were demonstrated in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome, systemic sclerosis, and dermatomyositis. Conclusions IFNGS test–high patients overexpressed many gene signatures associated with SLE pathogenesis compared with IFNGS test–low patients, reflecting broad immune activation. These results provide new insights into the molecular heterogeneity underlying SLE pathogenesis, highlighting shared mechanisms beyond type I IFN, across several autoimmune diseases. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01438489 and NCT01283139.
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Affiliation(s)
- PZ Brohawn
- AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | | | - B W Higgs
- AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | | | - H Liu
- AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - G Illei
- AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - K Ranade
- AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
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84
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Urbonaviciute V, Luo H, Sjöwall C, Bengtsson A, Holmdahl R. Low Production of Reactive Oxygen Species Drives Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Trends Mol Med 2019; 25:826-835. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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85
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Nasonov EL, Avdeeva AS. IMMUNOINFLAMMATORY RHEUMATIC DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH TYPE I INTERFERON: NEW EVIDENCE. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.14412/1995-4484-2019-452-461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Immunoinflammatory rheumatic diseases (IIRDs) are a large group of pathological conditions with impaired immunological tolerance to autogenous tissues, leading to inflammation and irreversible organ damage. The review discusses current ideas on the role of type I interferons in the immunopathogenesis of IIRDs, primarily systemic lupus erythematosus, and new possibilities for personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. L. Nasonov
- V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology;
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
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86
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Luo H, Wang L, Bao D, Wang L, Zhao H, Lian Y, Yan M, Mohan C, Li QZ. Novel Autoantibodies Related to Cell Death and DNA Repair Pathways in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. GENOMICS PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2019; 17:248-259. [PMID: 31494269 PMCID: PMC6818352 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune syndrome characterized by various co-existing autoantibodies (autoAbs) in patients’ blood. However, the full spectrum of autoAbs in SLE has not been comprehensively elucidated. In this study, a commercial platform bearing 9400 antigens (ProtoArray) was used to identify autoAbs that were significantly elevated in the sera of SLE patients. By comparing the autoAb profiles of SLE patients with those of healthy controls, we identified 437 IgG and 1213 IgM autoAbs that the expression levels were significantly increased in SLE (P < 0.05). Use of the ProtoArray platform uncovered over 300 novel autoAbs targeting a broad range of nuclear, cytoplasmic, and membrane antigens. Molecular interaction network analysis revealed that the antigens targeted by the autoAbs were most significantly enriched in cell death, cell cycle, and DNA repair pathways. A group of autoAbs associated with cell apoptosis and DNA repair function, including those targeting APEX1, AURKA, POLB, AGO1, HMGB1, IFIT5, MAPKAPK3, PADI4, RGS3, SRP19, UBE2S, and VRK1, were further validated by ELISA and Western blot in a larger cohort. In addition, the levels of autoAbs against APEX1, HMGB1, VRK1, AURKA, PADI4, and SRP19 were positively correlated with the level of anti-dsDNA in SLE patients. Comprehensive autoAb screening has identified novel autoAbs, which may shed light on potential pathogenic pathways leading to lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Luo
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Department of Immunology and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Immunology and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Ding Bao
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Department of Immunology and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Hongjun Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Department of Immunology and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yun Lian
- Department of Immunology and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Mei Yan
- Department of Immunology and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Chandra Mohan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77004, USA
| | - Quan-Zhen Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Department of Immunology and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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87
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Rönnblom L, Leonard D. Interferon pathway in SLE: one key to unlocking the mystery of the disease. Lupus Sci Med 2019; 6:e000270. [PMID: 31497305 PMCID: PMC6703304 DOI: 10.1136/lupus-2018-000270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
SLE is characterised by an activation of the interferon (IFN) system, which leads to an increased expression of IFN-regulated genes. The reasons behind the IFN signature in SLE are (1) the existence of endogenous IFN inducers, (2) activation of several IFN-producing cell types, (3) production of many different IFNs, (4) a genetic setup promoting IFN production and (5) deficient negative feedback mechanisms. The consequences for the immune system is a continuous stimulation to an immune response, and for the patient a number of different organ manifestations leading to typical symptoms for SLE. In the current review, we will present the existing knowledge of the IFN system and pathway activation in SLE. We will also discuss how this information can contribute to our understanding of both the aetiopathogenesis and some organ manifestations of the disease. We will put forward some issues that are unresolved and should be clarified in order to make a proper stratification of patients with SLE, which seems important when selecting a therapy aiming to downregulate the IFN system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Rönnblom
- Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dag Leonard
- Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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88
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An update on the role of type I interferons in systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjögren's syndrome. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2019; 30:471-481. [PMID: 29889694 DOI: 10.1097/bor.0000000000000524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) share several clinical and laboratory features, including an overexpression of type I interferon (IFN) regulated genes. The genetic background to this IFN signature and the role of the type I IFN system in the disease process have been partly clarified. Here, we summarize the latest information concerning the type I IFN system in both diseases. RECENT FINDINGS A number of gene variants in the type I IFN signalling pathways associate with an increased risk for both SLE and pSS in several ethnicities. The function of some risk gene variants has been elucidated, as well as the importance of epigenetic changes in type I IFN regulated genes. MicroRNA-451 and miR-302d have been shown to target IFN regulatory factor 8 and 9, suggesting that noncoding RNAs can control the IFN system. A prominent type I IFN activation is related to several disease manifestations, and in SLE to a more severe disease phenotype. Phase II studies in SLE suggest beneficial effects of blocking the type I IFN receptor. SUMMARY The activated type I IFN system in SLE and pSS has a strong genetic component, is important in the disease etiopathogenesis and can be targeted.
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89
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Tay SH, Yaung KN, Leong JY, Yeo JG, Arkachaisri T, Albani S. Immunomics in Pediatric Rheumatic Diseases. Front Med (Lausanne) 2019; 6:111. [PMID: 31231652 PMCID: PMC6558393 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2019.00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The inherent complexity in the immune landscape of pediatric rheumatic disease necessitates a holistic system approach. Uncertainty in the mechanistic workings and etiological driving forces presents difficulty in personalized treatments. The development and progression of immunomics are well suited to deal with this complexity. Immunomics encompasses a spectrum of biological processes that entail genomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, proteomics, and cytomics. In this review, we will discuss how various high dimensional technologies in immunomics have helped to grow a wealth of data that provide salient clues and biological insights into the pathogenesis of autoimmunity. Interfaced with critical unresolved clinical questions and unmet medical needs, these platforms have helped to identify candidate immune targets, refine patient stratification, and understand treatment response or resistance. Yet the unprecedented growth in data has presented both opportunities and challenges. Researchers are now facing huge heterogeneous data sets from different origins that need to be integrated and exploited for further data mining. We believe that the utilization and integration of these platforms will help unravel the complexities and expedite both discovery and validation of clinical targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jing Yao Leong
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joo Guan Yeo
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Rheumatology and Immunology Service, Department of Pediatric Subspecialties, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thaschawee Arkachaisri
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Rheumatology and Immunology Service, Department of Pediatric Subspecialties, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Salvatore Albani
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Rheumatology and Immunology Service, Department of Pediatric Subspecialties, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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90
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Pan Q, Chen X, Liao S, Chen X, Zhao C, Xu YZ, Liu HF. Updated advances of linking psychosocial factors and sex hormones with systemic lupus erythematosus susceptibility and development. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7179. [PMID: 31275761 PMCID: PMC6598654 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease that primarily affects women, especially those of reproductive age. Genetics, environment, and gene-environment interactions play key roles in the development of SLE. Despite the numerous susceptibility genes of SLE identified to date, gene therapy is far from a clinical reality. Thus, more attention should be paid to the risk factors and underlying mechanisms of SLE. Currently, it is reported that psychosocial factors and sex hormones play vital roles in patients with SLE, which still need further investigated. The purpose of this review is to update the roles and mechanisms of psychosocial factors and sex hormones in the susceptibility and development of SLE. Based on review articles and reports in reputable peer-reviewed journals and government websites, this paper summarized psychosocial factors (e.g., alexithymia, depression, anxiety, negative emotions, and perceived stress) and sex hormones (e.g., estrogens, progesterone, androgens, and prolactin) involved in SLE. We further explore the mechanisms linking these factors with SLE susceptibility and development, which can guide the establishment of practical measures to benefit SLE patients and offer new ideas for therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjun Pan
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Division of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiaoqun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Division of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shuzhen Liao
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Division of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiaocui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Division of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Chunfei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Division of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yong-Zhi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Division of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hua-Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Division of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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91
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Reynolds JA, Briggs TA, Rice GI, Darmalinggam S, Bondet V, Bruce E, Khan M, Haque S, Chinoy H, Herrick AL, McCarthy EM, Zeef L, Hayes A, Duffy D, Parker B, Bruce IN. Type I interferon in patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease is associated with haematological abnormalities and specific autoantibody profiles. Arthritis Res Ther 2019; 21:147. [PMID: 31200750 PMCID: PMC6567906 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-019-1929-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the relationships between interferon alpha (IFNα) and the clinical and serological phenotype of patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease (SARDs) in order to determine whether a distinct subpopulation of patients can be identified. Methods We recruited patients with at least 1 SARD clinical feature and at least 1 SARD-related autoantibody from two NHS Trusts in Greater Manchester. A 6-gene interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) score was calculated in all patients, and in a subgroup, a 30-gene ISG score was produced using NanoString. A digital Single Molecule Array (Simoa) was used to measure plasma IFNα protein. In an exploratory analysis, whole blood RNA sequencing was conducted in 12 patients followed by RT-qPCR confirmation of expression of 6 nucleic acid receptors (NARs) in the whole cohort. Results Sixty three of 164 (38%) patients had a positive ISG score. The 3 measures of IFNα all correlated strongly with each other (p < 0.0001). There were no differences in mucocutaneous or internal organ involvement between the ISG subgroups. The ISG-positive group had increased frequency of specific autoantibodies and haematological abnormalities which remained significant after adjusting for the SARD subtype. Expression of DDX58, MB21D1 and TLR7 was correlated with the ISG score whilst TLR3, TLR9 and MB21D1 were associated with neutrophil count. Conclusion In SARD patients, IFNα-positivity was associated with specific autoantibodies and haematological parameters but not with other clinical features. The variable NAR expression suggests that different pathways may drive IFNα production in individual patients. The identification of an IFNα-positive subgroup within a mixed SARD cohort supports a pathology-based approach to treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13075-019-1929-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Reynolds
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Tracy A Briggs
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, UK.,Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Gillian I Rice
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Sathya Darmalinggam
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Vincent Bondet
- Immunobiology of Dendritic Cells, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMRS-1223, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Ellen Bruce
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Mumtaz Khan
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Sahena Haque
- Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Hector Chinoy
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Rheumatology Department, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Salford, UK
| | - Ariane L Herrick
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Rheumatology Department, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Salford, UK
| | - Eoghan M McCarthy
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Leo Zeef
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
| | - Andrew Hayes
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
| | - Darragh Duffy
- Immunobiology of Dendritic Cells, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMRS-1223, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Ben Parker
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ian N Bruce
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. .,NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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92
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Crow MK, Ronnblom L. Type I interferons in host defence and inflammatory diseases. Lupus Sci Med 2019; 6:e000336. [PMID: 31205729 PMCID: PMC6541752 DOI: 10.1136/lupus-2019-000336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFN) can have dual and opposing roles in immunity, with effects that are beneficial or detrimental to the individual depending on whether IFN pathway activation is transient or sustained. Determinants of IFN production and its functional consequences include the nature of the microbial or nucleic acid stimulus, the type of nucleic acid sensor involved in inducing IFN, the predominant subtype of type I IFN produced and the immune ecology of the tissue at the time of IFN expression. When dysregulated, the type I IFN system drives many autoimmune and non-autoimmune inflammatory diseases, including SLE and the tissue inflammation associated with chronic infection. The type I IFN system may also contribute to outcomes for patients affected by solid cancers or myocardial infarction. Significantly more research is needed to discern the mechanisms of induction and response to type I IFNs across these diseases, and patient endophenotyping may help determine whether the cytokine is acting as 'friend' or 'foe', within a particular patient, and at the time of treatment. This review summarises key concepts and discussions from the second International Summit on Interferons in Inflammatory Diseases, during which expert clinicians and scientists evaluated the evidence for the role of type I IFNs in autoimmune and other inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary K Crow
- Mary Kirkland Center for Lupus Research, Hospital for Special Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Lars Ronnblom
- Section of Rheumatology, Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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93
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Matta B, Barnes BJ. Coordination between innate immune cells, type I IFNs and IRF5 drives SLE pathogenesis. Cytokine 2019; 132:154731. [PMID: 31130331 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease which affects multiple organs. The type I interferon (IFN) gene signature and circulating autoantibodies are hallmarks of SLE. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are considered the main producers of type I IFN and production is modulated by multiple other immune cell types. In SLE, essentially every immune cell type is dysregulated and aberrant deregulation is thought to be due, in part, to direct or indirect exposure to IFN. Genetic variants within or around the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) associate with SLE risk. Elevated IFNα activity was detected in the sera of SLE patients carrying IRF5 risk polymorphisms who were positive for either anti-RNA binding protein (anti-RBP) or anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) autoantibodies. Neutrophils are also an important source of type I IFNs and are found in abundance in human blood. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are considered a potential source of antigenic trigger in SLE that can lead to type I IFN gene induction, as well as increased autoantibody production. In this review, we will focus on immune cell types that produce type I IFNs and/or are affected by type I IFN in SLE. In addition, we will discuss potential inducers of endogenous type I IFN production in SLE. Last, we will postulate how the different immune cell populations may be affected by an IRF5-SLE risk haplotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharati Matta
- Center for Autoimmune Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Betsy J Barnes
- Center for Autoimmune Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA; Departments of Molecular Medicine and Pediatrics, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA.
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94
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Perper SJ, Westmoreland SV, Karman J, Twomey R, Seagal J, Wang R, McRae BL, Clarke SH. Treatment with a CD40 Antagonist Antibody Reverses Severe Proteinuria and Loss of Saliva Production and Restores Glomerular Morphology in Murine Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:58-75. [PMID: 31109957 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
CD40 is a costimulatory receptor on APCs that is critical for the induction and maintenance of humoral and cell-mediated immunity. Accordingly, CD40 and its ligand, CD40L, have long been considered targets for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. We developed a rat/mouse chimeric anti-mouse CD40 antagonist mAb, 201A3, and evaluated its ability to alleviate murine lupus. Treatment of NZB/W-F1 mice with 201A3 after the onset of severe proteinuria rapidly reversed established severe proteinuria and nephritis and largely restored normal glomerular and tubular morphology. This coincided with a normalization of the expression of genes associated with proteinuria and injury by kidney parenchymal cells. Anti-CD40 treatment also prevented and reversed loss of saliva production and sialadenitis. These effects on kidney and salivary gland function were confirmed using mice of a second strain, MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr, and extended to alleviating joint inflammation. Immunologically, anti-CD40 treatment disrupted multiple processes that contribute to the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), including autoreactive B cell activation, T effector cell function in target tissues, and type I IFN production. This ability to disrupt disease-critical immunological mechanisms, to reverse glomerular and tubular injury at the cellular and gene expression levels, and to confer exceptional therapeutic efficacy suggests that CD40 is a central disease pathway in murine SLE. Thus, a CD40 antagonist Ab could be an effective therapeutic in the treatment of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jane Seagal
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, MA 01605
| | - Rui Wang
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, MA 01605
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95
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Mustelin T, Lood C, Giltiay NV. Sources of Pathogenic Nucleic Acids in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1028. [PMID: 31139185 PMCID: PMC6519310 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and several related autoimmune diseases, is the presence of autoantibodies against nucleic acids and nucleic acid-binding proteins, as well as elevated type I interferons (IFNs), which appear to be instrumental in disease pathogenesis. Here we discuss the sources and proposed mechanisms by which a range of cellular RNA and DNA species can become pathogenic and trigger the nucleic acid sensors that drive type I interferon production. Potentially SLE-promoting DNA may originate from pieces of chromatin, from mitochondria, or from reverse-transcribed cellular RNA, while pathogenic RNA may arise from mis-localized, mis-processed, ancient retroviral, or transposable element-derived transcripts. These nucleic acids may leak out from dying cells to be internalized and reacted to by immune cells or they may be generated and remain to be sensed intracellularly in immune or non-immune cells. The presence of aberrant DNA or RNA is normally counteracted by effective counter-mechanisms, the loss of which result in a serious type I IFN-driven disease called Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome. However, in SLE it remains unclear which mechanisms are most critical in precipitating disease: aberrant RNA or DNA, overly sensitive sensor mechanisms, or faulty counter-acting defenses. We propose that the clinical heterogeneity of SLE may be reflected, in part, by heterogeneity in which pathogenic nucleic acid molecules are present and which sensors and pathways they trigger in individual patients. Elucidation of these events may result in the recognition of distinct "endotypes" of SLE, each with its distinct therapeutic choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Mustelin
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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96
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Severa M, Rizzo F, Srinivasan S, Di Dario M, Giacomini E, Buscarinu MC, Cruciani M, Etna MP, Sandini S, Mechelli R, Farina A, Trivedi P, Hertzog PJ, Salvetti M, Farina C, Coccia EM. A cell type-specific transcriptomic approach to map B cell and monocyte type I interferon-linked pathogenic signatures in Multiple Sclerosis. J Autoimmun 2019; 101:1-16. [PMID: 31047767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alteration in endogenous Interferon (IFN) system may profoundly impact immune cell function in autoimmune diseases. Here, we provide evidence that dysregulation in IFN-regulated genes and pathways are involved in B cell- and monocyte-driven pathogenic contribution to Multiple Sclerosis (MS) development and maintenance. In particular, by using an Interferome-based cell type-specific approach, we characterized an increased susceptibility to an IFN-linked caspase-3 dependent apoptotic cell death in both B cells and monocytes of MS patients that may arise from their chronic activation and persistent stimulation by activated T cells. Ongoing caspase-3 activation functionally impacts on MS monocyte properties influencing the STAT-3/IL-16 axis, thus, driving increased expression and massive release of the bio-active IL-16 triggering and perpetuating CD4+ T cell migration. Importantly, our analysis also identified a previously unknown multi-component defect in type I IFN-mediated signaling and response to virus pathways specific of MS B cells, impacting on induction of anti-viral responses and Epstein-barr virus infection control in patients. Taking advantage of cell type-specific transcriptomics and in-depth functional validation, this study revealed pathogenic contribution of endogenous IFN signaling and IFN-regulated cell processes to MS pathogenesis with implications on fate and functions of B cells and monocytes that may hold therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Severa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
| | - Fabiana Rizzo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Sundararajan Srinivasan
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Di Dario
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Giacomini
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Buscarinu
- Center for Experimental Neurological Therapies, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Melania Cruciani
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Marilena P Etna
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Sandini
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosella Mechelli
- Center for Experimental Neurological Therapies, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy; Department of Human Science and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University and IRCCS San Raffaele-Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Farina
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Pankaj Trivedi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Paul J Hertzog
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Marco Salvetti
- Center for Experimental Neurological Therapies, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy; Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (INM) Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | - Cinthia Farina
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Eliana M Coccia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
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97
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Oke V, Gunnarsson I, Dorschner J, Eketjäll S, Zickert A, Niewold TB, Svenungsson E. High levels of circulating interferons type I, type II and type III associate with distinct clinical features of active systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Res Ther 2019; 21:107. [PMID: 31036046 PMCID: PMC6489203 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-019-1878-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Interferons (IFNs) are considered to be key molecules in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We measured levels of type I, II and III IFNs in a large cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and controls and explored associations among high levels of different IFN types and distinct SLE features. Methods Four hundred ninety-seven well-characterized SLE patients and 322 population controls were included. Disease activity was assessed by SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) and Systemic Lupus Activity Measure (SLAM). Functional type I IFN activity was estimated by a WISH reporter cell assay. Levels of IFN-γ were estimated by MSD 30-plex assay. IFN-α and IFN-λ1 were measured by ELISA. Values above the third quartile of patients’ measurements were defined as high. Associations among high IFN results and SLE features were investigated by nominal regression analysis. Results All IFN measurements were higher in SLE patients than in controls. High type I IFN activity correlated with levels of IFN-γ and IFN-α and associated with active SLE in most domains: weight loss, fatigue, fever, rash, lymphadenopathy, arthritis, nephritis and haematological manifestations. Specific SLE subsets were linked to the upregulation of different subtypes of circulating IFNs: high IFN-γ to arthritis, nephritis and anti-Ro60 antibodies and high IFN-α to mucocutaneous engagement and anti-Ro52 and anti-La antibodies. Isolated high IFN-λ1 was coupled to anti-nucleosome antibodies and less severe SLE. Conclusions High functional type I IFN activity captures active SLE in most domains, but more distinct patterns of organ involvement are associated with profiles of circulating IFNs. High IFN-γ as well as high functional type I IFN activity is a characteristic of severe SLE with nephritis and arthritis, while elevated levels of IFN-α associate with active mucocutaneous inflammation and a more benign cardiovascular profile. IFN-λ1 in isolation is associated with milder disease. Our findings suggest that IFNs contribute to the heterogeneity of clinical manifestations in SLE, and measuring circulating IFNs could assist in designing clinical trials with therapies targeting IFN pathways. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13075-019-1878-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilija Oke
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Iva Gunnarsson
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jessica Dorschner
- Division of Rheumatology and Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Susanna Eketjäll
- Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Agneta Zickert
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Timothy B Niewold
- Division of Rheumatology and Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Colton Center for Autoimmunity, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elisabet Svenungsson
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
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98
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99
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Are There Any Common Genetic Risk Markers for Rheumatoid Arthritis and Periodontal Diseases? A Case-Control Study. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:2907062. [PMID: 30890897 PMCID: PMC6390239 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2907062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several studies suggest that there is a biologically plausible connection between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontal diseases (PD). Both disorders are characterized as multifactorial diseases potentially sharing common risk factors. Based on the inflammatory nature of RA and PD, the impact of genetic variations of genes of the immune system on both diseases was studied in this study. Materials and Methods We conducted a case-control study (n = 201) comparing 101 RA patients suffering from periodontal disease of different severities (no/mild PD vs. severe PD) with 100 systemically healthy controls without RA and severe PD. The genotype, allele, and haplotype distributions of 22 SNPs of 13 pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were assessed applying sequence-specific PCR. Results Evaluating the impact of cytokine SNPs in RA, we identified the G allele of rs1801275 in IL4Rα (p = 0.043) and the G allele of rs361525 in TNFα (p = 0.005) as disease-associated risk factors in bivariate analyses. In multivariate analyses, these significant associations could not be proven. The A allele of rs2430561 in IFNγ was indicative for severe periodontitis among the patients with rheumatoid arthritis (p = 0.039). Investigating the impact of rs2430561 in IFNγ on comorbidity using binary logistic regression analyses, the A allele was confirmed as an independent risk factor for severe periodontal disease and RA (p = 0.024). Conclusions These results emphasize the association of genetic variations in proinflammatory cytokines (TNFα and IFNγ) and cytokine receptor (IL4Rα) and RA and periodontal diseases. In multivariate analyses, the A allele of IFNγ was proven to be a significant marker of RA and PD comorbidities. The study broadens the knowledge about disease-specific differences in genetic composition and provides an improved understanding of a possible association of both diseases.
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100
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Rahaman O, Bhattacharya R, Liu CSC, Raychaudhuri D, Ghosh AR, Bandopadhyay P, Pal S, Goswami RP, Sircar G, Ghosh P, Ganguly D. Cutting Edge: Dysregulated Endocannabinoid-Rheostat for Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Activation in a Systemic Lupus Endophenotype. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 202:1674-1679. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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