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Gaoqiang L, Changwen D, Fei M, Yazhen S, Jianmin Z. Responses of Leaf Cuticles to Rice Blast: Detection and Identification Using Depth-Profiling Fourier Transform Mid-Infrared Photoacoustic Spectroscopy. PLANT DISEASE 2020; 104:847-852. [PMID: 31940445 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-05-19-1004-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Cuticle is the first barrier for rice to resist blast fungus on the surface of the leaf. Studies on how the rice leaf cuticle responds to rice blast and attempts to perform early detection of rice blast are limited, and these two issues were explored in this study via depth-profiling Fourier transform infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy (FTIR-PAS). Rice leaves with four different scales of injury (healthy leaves as CK, asymptomatic leaves from mildly diseased seedlings as S1, infected leaves with fewer than five lesions as S2, and infected leaves with more than 10 lesions as S3) were scanned by three moving mirror velocities 0.32, 0.47, and 0.63 cm/s for the depth profiling of the rice leaf surface. The response patterns were acquired via chemometrics to analyze the variations of the chemical group absorptions in the different layers of a sample and in the same layer between different samples. Results showed that the leaf cuticle tended to be thicker and the relative content of fatty alcohols and cutin, unsaturated compounds, and aromatics in the cuticle increased when rice seedlings were infected by blast fungus. Together with the principal component analysis, the probabilistic neural network was applied to identify the samples in early stages (CK and S1), which reached an accuracy of 90% for the samples in the greenhouse and 82% for the samples in the field. Thus, depth-profiling FTIR-PAS was good at analyzing the variation in cuticle layers and showed great potential in the early detection of rice blast or other diseases in different species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lv Gaoqiang
- The State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
- College of Modern Advanced Agricultural Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Du Changwen
- The State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
- College of Modern Advanced Agricultural Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ma Fei
- The State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Shen Yazhen
- The State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zhou Jianmin
- The State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
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Uzair M, Xu D, Schreiber L, Shi J, Liang W, Jung KH, Chen M, Luo Z, Zhang Y, Yu J, Zhang D. PERSISTENT TAPETAL CELL2 Is Required for Normal Tapetal Programmed Cell Death and Pollen Wall Patterning. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 182:962-976. [PMID: 31772077 PMCID: PMC6997677 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.00688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The timely programmed cell death (PCD) of the tapetum, the innermost somatic anther cell layer in flowering plants, is critical for pollen development, including the deposition and patterning of the pollen wall. Although several genes involved in tapetal PCD and pollen wall development have been characterized, the underlying regulatory mechanism remains elusive. Here we report that PERSISTENT TAPETAL CELL2 (PTC2), which encodes an AT-hook nuclear localized protein in rice (Oryza sativa), is required for normal tapetal PCD and pollen wall development. The mutant ptc2 showed persistent tapetal cells and abnormal pollen wall patterning including absent nexine, collapsed bacula, and disordered tectum. The defective tapetal PCD phenotype of ptc2 was similar to that of a PCD delayed mutant, ptc1, in rice, while the abnormal pollen wall patterning resembled that of a pollen wall defective mutant, Transposable Element Silencing Via AT-Hook, in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Levels of anther cutin monomers in ptc2 anthers were significantly reduced, as was expression of a series of lipid biosynthetic genes. PTC2 transcript and protein were shown to be present in the anther after meiosis, consistent with the observed phenotype. Based on these data, we propose a model explaining how PTC2 affects anther and pollen development. The characterization of PTC2 in tapetal PCD and pollen wall patterning expands our understanding of the regulatory network of male reproductive development in rice and will aid future breeding approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Uzair
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Dawei Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Lukas Schreiber
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jianxin Shi
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wanqi Liang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ki-Hong Jung
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea
| | - Mingjiao Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhijing Luo
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yueya Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Dabing Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
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Dhaka N, Krishnan K, Kandpal M, Vashisht I, Pal M, Sharma MK, Sharma R. Transcriptional trajectories of anther development provide candidates for engineering male fertility in sorghum. Sci Rep 2020; 10:897. [PMID: 31964983 PMCID: PMC6972786 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57717-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sorghum is a self-pollinated crop with multiple economic uses as cereal, forage, and biofuel feedstock. Hybrid breeding is a cornerstone for sorghum improvement strategies that currently relies on cytoplasmic male sterile lines. To engineer genic male sterility, it is imperative to examine the genetic components regulating anther/pollen development in sorghum. To this end, we have performed transcriptomic analysis from three temporal stages of developing anthers that correspond to meiotic, microspore and mature pollen stages. A total of 5286 genes were differentially regulated among the three anther stages with 890 of them exhibiting anther-preferential expression. Differentially expressed genes could be clubbed into seven distinct developmental trajectories using K-means clustering. Pathway mapping revealed that genes involved in cell cycle, DNA repair, regulation of transcription, brassinosteroid and auxin biosynthesis/signalling exhibit peak expression in meiotic anthers, while those regulating abiotic stress, carbohydrate metabolism, and transport were enriched in microspore stage. Conversely, genes associated with protein degradation, post-translational modifications, cell wall biosynthesis/modifications, abscisic acid, ethylene, cytokinin and jasmonic acid biosynthesis/signalling were highly expressed in mature pollen stage. High concurrence in transcriptional dynamics and cis-regulatory elements of differentially expressed genes in rice and sorghum confirmed conserved developmental pathways regulating anther development across species. Comprehensive literature survey in conjunction with orthology analysis and anther-preferential accumulation enabled shortlisting of 21 prospective candidates for in-depth characterization and engineering male fertility in sorghum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Dhaka
- Crop Genetics & Informatics Group, School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Kushagra Krishnan
- Crop Genetics & Informatics Group, School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Manu Kandpal
- Crop Genetics & Informatics Group, School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Ira Vashisht
- Crop Genetics & Informatics Group, School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Madan Pal
- Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Sharma
- Crop Genetics & Informatics Group, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Rita Sharma
- Crop Genetics & Informatics Group, School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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Zafar SA, Patil SB, Uzair M, Fang J, Zhao J, Guo T, Yuan S, Uzair M, Luo Q, Shi J, Schreiber L, Li X. DEGENERATED PANICLE AND PARTIAL STERILITY 1 (DPS1) encodes a cystathionine β-synthase domain containing protein required for anther cuticle and panicle development in rice. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 225:356-375. [PMID: 31433495 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Degeneration of apical spikelets and reduced panicle fertility are common reasons for low seed-setting rate in rice (Oryza sativa). However, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms. Here, we report a novel degenerated panicle and partial sterility 1 (dps1) mutant that showed panicle apical degeneration and reduced fertility in middle spikelets. dps1 plants were characterized by small whitish anthers with altered cuticle morphology and absence of pollen grains. Amounts of cuticular wax and cutin were significantly reduced in dps1 anthers. Panicles of dps1 plants showed an accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lower antioxidant activity, and increased programmed cell death. Map-based cloning revealed that DPS1 encodes a mitochondrial-localized protein containing a cystathionine β-synthase domain that showed the highest expression in panicles and anthers. DPS1 physically interacted with mitochondrial thioredoxin proteins Trx1 and Trx20, and it participated in ROS scavenging. Global gene expression analysis in dps1 revealed that biological processes related to fatty acid metabolism and ROS homeostasis were significantly affected, and the expression of key genes involved in wax and cutin biosynthesis were downregulated. These results suggest that DPS1 plays a vital role in regulating ROS homeostasis, anther cuticle formation, and panicle development in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Adeel Zafar
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Suyash B Patil
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Muhammad Uzair
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jingjing Fang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jinfeng Zhao
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Tingting Guo
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | | | - Muhammad Uzair
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Qian Luo
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jianxin Shi
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Lukas Schreiber
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, Bonn, D-53115, Germany
| | - Xueyong Li
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
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55
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Yu B, Liu L, Wang T. Deficiency of very long chain alkanes biosynthesis causes humidity-sensitive male sterility via affecting pollen adhesion and hydration in rice. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2019; 42:3340-3354. [PMID: 31380565 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Pollen adhesion and hydration are the earliest events of the pollen-stigma interactions, which allow compatible pollen to fertilize egg cells, but the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. Rice pollen are wind dispersed, and its pollen coat contains less abundant lipids than that of insect-pollinated plants. Here, we characterized the role of OsGL1-4, a rice member of the Glossy family, in pollen adhesion and hydration. OsGL1-4 is preferentially expressed in pollen and tapetal cells and is required for the synthesis of very long chain alkanes. osgl1-4 mutant generated apparently normal pollen but displayed excessively fast dehydration at anthesis and defective adhesion and hydration under normal condition, but the defective adhesion and hydration were rescued by high humidity. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis suggested that the humidity-sensitive male sterility of osgl1-4 was probably due to a significant reduction in C25 and C27 alkanes. These results indicate that very long chain alkanes are components of rice pollen coat and control male fertility via affecting pollen adhesion and hydration in response to environmental humidity. Moreover, we proposed that a critical point of water content in mature pollen is required for the initiation of pollen adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lingtong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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56
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Zuo ZF, Kang HG, Park MY, Jeong H, Sun HJ, Song PS, Lee HY. Zoysia japonica MYC type transcription factor ZjICE1 regulates cold tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 289:110254. [PMID: 31623785 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
ICE1 (Inducer of CBF Expression 1) is a regulator of cold-induced transcriptome, which plays an important role in plant cold response pathway. To enhance the cold tolerance of Zoysia japonica, one of the warm-season turfgrasses, it is helpful to understand the cold response mechanism in Zoysia japonica. We identified stress-responsive ZjICE1 from Zoysia japonica and characterized its function in cold stress. Our results showed that ZjICE1 shared the typical feature of ICE homolog proteins belonging to a nucleic protein. Transactivation activity assay revealed that ZjICE1 bound to the MYC cis-element in the ZjDREB1's promotor. The ZjICE1 overexpressed transgenic Arabidopsis showed enhanced tolerance to cold stress with an increases in SOD, POD, and free proline content and reduction in MDA content. They also induced the transcripts abundance of cold-responsive genes (CBF1, CBF2, CBF3, COR47A, KIN1, and RD29A) after cold treatment. These results suggest that ZjICE1 is a positive regulator in Zoysia japonica plant during cold stress and can be a useful gene for the molecular breeding program to develop the cold tolerant zoysiagrass. Furthermore, the ZjICE1 also conferred resistance to salt and drought stresses, providing the better understanding of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) gene family in abiotic stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Fang Zuo
- Department of Biotechnology, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea; Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Gyu Kang
- Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mi-Young Park
- Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hana Jeong
- Department of Biotechnology, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Jin Sun
- Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Pill-Soon Song
- Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Yeon Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea; Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea.
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57
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Wu H, Shi S, Lu X, Li T, Wang J, Liu T, Zhang Q, Sun W, Li C, Wang Z, Chen Y, Quan L. Expression Analysis and Functional Characterization of CER1 Family Genes Involved in Very-Long-Chain Alkanes Biosynthesis in Brachypodium distachyon. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1389. [PMID: 31737015 PMCID: PMC6838206 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Cuticular wax accumulation and composition affects drought resistance in plants. Brachypodium distachyon plants subjected to water deficit and polyethylene glycol treatments resulted in a significant increase in total wax load, in which very-long-chain (VLC) alkanes were more sensitive to these treatments than other wax compounds, implying that VLC alkanes biosynthesis plays a more important role in drought resistance in B. distachyon. ECERIFERUM1 (CER1) has been reported to encode a core enzyme involved in VLC alkanes biosynthesis in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), but few corresponding genes are investigated in B. distachyon. Here, we identified eight CER1 homologous genes in B. distachyon, namely BdCER1-1 to BdCER1-8, and then analyzed their sequences feature, expression patterns, stress induction, and biochemical activities. These genes had similar protein structure to other reported CER1 and CER1-like genes, but displayed closer phylogenetic relationship to the rice OsGL1 genes. They were further found to exhibit various tissue expression patterns after being induced by abiotic stresses. Among them, BdCER1-8 gene showed extremely high expression in leaves. Heterologous introduction of BdCER1-8 into the Arabidopsis cer1 mutant rescued VLC alkanes biosynthesis. These results indicate that BdCER1 genes are likely to be involved in VLC alkanes biosynthesis of B. distachyon. Taken together, BdCER1-8 seems to play an explicit and predominant role in VLC alkanes biosynthesis in leaf. Our work provides important clues for further characterizing function of CER1 homologous genes in B. distachyon and also an option to improve drought resistance of cereal crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Shandang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaoliang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Tingting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jiahuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Tianxiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Shaanxi Province Tobacco Company of China National Tobacco Company, Xi’an, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Shaanxi Province Tobacco Company of China National Tobacco Company, Xi’an, China
| | - Chunlian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhonghua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yaofeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Li Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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Li T, Sun Y, Liu T, Wu H, An P, Shui Z, Wang J, Zhu Y, Li C, Wang Y, Jetter R, Wang Z. TaCER1-1A is involved in cuticular wax alkane biosynthesis in hexaploid wheat and responds to plant abiotic stresses. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2019; 42:3077-3091. [PMID: 31306498 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
To protect above-ground plant organs from excessive water loss, their surfaces are coated by waxes. The genes involved in wax formation have been investigated in detail in Arabidopsis but scarcely in crop species. Here, we aimed to isolate and characterize a CER1 enzyme responsible for formation of the very long-chain alkanes present in high concentrations especially during late stages of wheat development. On the basis of comparative wax and transcriptome analyses of various wheat organs, we selected TaCER1-1A as a primary candidate and demonstrated that it was located to the endoplasmic reticulum, the subcellular compartment for wax biosynthesis. A wheat nullisomic-tetrasomic substitution line lacking TaCER1-1A had significantly reduced amounts of C33 alkane, whereas rice plants overexpressing TaCER1-1A showed substantial increases of C25 -C33 alkanes relative to wild type control. Similarly, heterologous expression of TaCER1-1A in Arabidopsis wild type and the cer1 mutant resulted in increased levels of unbranched alkanes, iso-branched alkanes and alkenes. Finally, the expression of TaCER1-1A was found activated by abiotic stresses and abscisic acid treatment, resulting in increased production of alkanes in wheat. Taken together, our results demonstrate that TaCER1-1A plays an important role in wheat wax alkane biosynthesis and involved in responding to drought and other environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yulin Sun
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Tianxiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Hongqi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Peipei An
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Zhijie Shui
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Jiahuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yidan Zhu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Chunlian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Reinhard Jetter
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Zhonghua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
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Liu F, Ma L, Wang Y, Li Y, Zhang X, Xue F, Nie X, Zhu Q, Sun J. GhFAD2-3 is required for anther development in Gossypium hirsutum. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019. [PMID: 31500565 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-2010-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In higher plants, the FAD2 gene encodes the microsomal oleate Δ12-desaturase, one of the key enzymes essential for the biosynthesis of the polyunsaturated lipids that serve many important functions in plant development and stress responses. FAD2 catalyzes the first step, in the biosynthesis of the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) found in the cell membrane and cell wall, and it is thus of great importance to investigate the regulatory role of FAD2 in anther development. RESULTS We reported the molecular characterization of the cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) GhFAD2 gene family and the essential role of GhFAD2-3 in cotton anther development. G. hirsutum contains four pairs of homoeologous FAD2 genes (GhFAD2-1 to GhFAD2-4). GhFAD2-3 is ubiquitously and relatively highly expressed in all analyzed tissues, particularly in anthers. Specific inhibition of GhFAD2-3 using the RNA interference approach resulted in male sterility due to impaired anther development at the stages from meiosis to maturation. The cellular phenotypic abnormality observed at the meiosis stage of the GhFAD2-3 silenced plant (fad2-3) coincides with the significant reduction of C18:2 in anthers at the same stage. Compared with that of the wild type (WT), the content of C18:1 was 41.48%, which increased by 5 fold in the fad2-3 anther at the pollen maturation stage. Moreover, the ratio of monounsaturated to polyunsaturated fatty acid was 5.43 in fad2-3 anther, which was much higher than that of the WT (only 0.39). Through compositional analysis of anthers cuticle and transcriptome data, we demonstrated it was unfavorable to the development of anther by regulating GhFAD2-3 expression level to increase the oleic acid content. CONCLUSIONS Our work demonstrated the importance of C18:2 and/or C18:3 in the development of the pollen exine and anther cuticle in cotton and provided clue for further investigation of the physiological significance of the fatty acid composition for plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, China
| | - Lihong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, China
| | - Youwu Wang
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, 843300, China
| | - Yanjun Li
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, China
| | - Fei Xue
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, China
| | - Xinhui Nie
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, China
| | - Qianhao Zhu
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, 2601, Australia.
| | - Jie Sun
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, China.
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Liu F, Ma L, Wang Y, Li Y, Zhang X, Xue F, Nie X, Zhu Q, Sun J. GhFAD2-3 is required for anther development in Gossypium hirsutum. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:393. [PMID: 31500565 PMCID: PMC6734329 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-2010-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In higher plants, the FAD2 gene encodes the microsomal oleate Δ12-desaturase, one of the key enzymes essential for the biosynthesis of the polyunsaturated lipids that serve many important functions in plant development and stress responses. FAD2 catalyzes the first step, in the biosynthesis of the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) found in the cell membrane and cell wall, and it is thus of great importance to investigate the regulatory role of FAD2 in anther development. RESULTS We reported the molecular characterization of the cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) GhFAD2 gene family and the essential role of GhFAD2-3 in cotton anther development. G. hirsutum contains four pairs of homoeologous FAD2 genes (GhFAD2-1 to GhFAD2-4). GhFAD2-3 is ubiquitously and relatively highly expressed in all analyzed tissues, particularly in anthers. Specific inhibition of GhFAD2-3 using the RNA interference approach resulted in male sterility due to impaired anther development at the stages from meiosis to maturation. The cellular phenotypic abnormality observed at the meiosis stage of the GhFAD2-3 silenced plant (fad2-3) coincides with the significant reduction of C18:2 in anthers at the same stage. Compared with that of the wild type (WT), the content of C18:1 was 41.48%, which increased by 5 fold in the fad2-3 anther at the pollen maturation stage. Moreover, the ratio of monounsaturated to polyunsaturated fatty acid was 5.43 in fad2-3 anther, which was much higher than that of the WT (only 0.39). Through compositional analysis of anthers cuticle and transcriptome data, we demonstrated it was unfavorable to the development of anther by regulating GhFAD2-3 expression level to increase the oleic acid content. CONCLUSIONS Our work demonstrated the importance of C18:2 and/or C18:3 in the development of the pollen exine and anther cuticle in cotton and provided clue for further investigation of the physiological significance of the fatty acid composition for plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, China
| | - Lihong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, China
| | - Youwu Wang
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, 843300, China
| | - Yanjun Li
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, China
| | - Fei Xue
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, China
| | - Xinhui Nie
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, China
| | - Qianhao Zhu
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, 2601, Australia.
| | - Jie Sun
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, China.
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Basnet R, Hussain N, Shu Q. OsDGD2β is the Sole Digalactosyldiacylglycerol Synthase Gene Highly Expressed in Anther, and its Mutation Confers Male Sterility in Rice. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 12:66. [PMID: 31414258 PMCID: PMC6694320 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-019-0320-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG) is one of the major lipids found predominantly in the photosynthetic membrane of cyanobacteria, eukaryotic algae and higher plants. DGDG, along with MGDG (Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol), forms the matrix in thylakoid membrane of chloroplast, providing the site for photochemical and electron transport reactions of oxygenic photosynthesis. RESULTS In silico analysis reveals that rice (Oryza sativa L.) genome has 5 genes encoding DGDG synthase, which are differentially expressed in different tissues, and OsDGD2β was identified to be the sole DGDG synthase gene expressed in anther. We then developed osdgd2β mutants by using the CRISPR/Cas9 system and elucidate its role, especially in the development of anther and pollen. The loss of function of OsDGD2β resulted in male sterility in rice characterized by pale yellow and shrunken anther, devoid of starch granules in pollen, and delayed degeneration of tapetal cells. The total fatty acid and DGDG content in the anther was reduced by 18.66% and 22.72% in osdgd2β, affirming the importance of DGDG in the development of anther. The mutants had no notable differences in the vegetative phenotype, as corroborated by relative gene expression of DGDG synthase genes in leaves, chlorophyll measurements, and analysis of photosynthetic parameters, implying the specificity of OsDGD2β in anther. CONCLUSION Overall, we showed the importance of DGDG in pollen development and loss of function of OsDGD2β results in male sterility. Here, we have also proposed the use of OsDGD2β in hybrid rice breeding using the nuclear male sterility system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasbin Basnet
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025 Hubei China
| | - Nazim Hussain
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Qingyao Shu
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025 Hubei China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
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Worthen JM, Yamburenko MV, Lim J, Nimchuk ZL, Kieber JJ, Schaller GE. Type-B response regulators of rice play key roles in growth, development and cytokinin signaling. Development 2019; 146:dev.174870. [PMID: 31160418 DOI: 10.1242/dev.174870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cytokinins are plant hormones with crucial roles in growth and development. Although cytokinin signaling is well characterized in the model dicot Arabidopsis, we are only beginning to understand its role in monocots, such as rice (Oryza sativa) and other cereals of agronomic importance. Here, we used primarily a CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing approach to characterize the roles of a key family of transcription factors, the type-B response regulators (RRs), in cytokinin signaling in rice. Results from the analysis of single rr mutants as well as higher-order rr21/22/23 mutant lines revealed functional overlap as well as subfunctionalization within members of the gene family. Mutant phenotypes associated with decreased activity of rice type-B RRs included effects on leaf and root growth, inflorescence architecture, flower development and fertilization, trichome formation and cytokinin sensitivity. Development of the stigma brush involved in pollen capture was compromised in the rr21/22/23 mutant, whereas anther development was compromised in the rr24 mutant. Novel as well as conserved roles for type-B RRs in the growth and development of a monocot compared with dicots were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Worthen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Maria V Yamburenko
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Jeewoo Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Zachary L Nimchuk
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Joseph J Kieber
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - G Eric Schaller
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
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Chang CL, Serapion JC, Hung HH, Lin YC, Tsai YC, Jane WN, Chang MC, Lai MH, Hsing YIC. Studies of a rice sterile mutant sstl from the TRIM collection. BOTANICAL STUDIES 2019; 60:12. [PMID: 31292815 PMCID: PMC6620220 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-019-0260-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the main crops in the world, and more than 3.9 billion people will consume rice by 2025. Sterility significantly affects rice production and leads to yield defects. The undeveloped anthers or abnormal pollen represent serious defects in rice male sterility. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of male sterility is an important task. Here, we investigated a rice sterile mutant according to its developmental morphology and transcriptional profiles. RESULTS An untagged T-DNA insertional mutant showed defective pollen and abnormal anthers as compared with its semi-sterile mutant (sstl) progeny segregates. Transcriptomic analysis of sterile sstl-s revealed several biosynthesis pathways, such as downregulated cell wall, lipids, secondary metabolism, and starch synthesis. This downregulation is consistent with the morphological characterization of sstl-s anthers with irregular exine, absence of intine, no starch accumulation in pollen grains and no accumulated flavonoids in anthers. Moreover, defective microsporangia development led to abnormal anther locule and aborted microspores. The downregulated lipids, starch, and cell wall synthesis-related genes resulted in loss of fertility. CONCLUSIONS We illustrate the importance of microsporangia in the development of anthers and functional microspores. Abnormal development of pollen grains, pollen wall, anther locule, etc. result in severe yield reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Ling Chang
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106 Taiwan
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 115 Taiwan
| | - Jerry C. Serapion
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 115 Taiwan
| | - Han-Hui Hung
- Crop Science Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Taichung, 413 Taiwan
| | - Yan-Cheng Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106 Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ching Tsai
- Department of Agronomy, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, 600 Taiwan
| | - Wann-Neng Jane
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 115 Taiwan
| | - Men-Chi Chang
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106 Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsin Lai
- Crop Science Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Taichung, 413 Taiwan
| | - Yue-ie C. Hsing
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106 Taiwan
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 115 Taiwan
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Ma T, Dong F, Luan D, Hu H, Zhao J. Gene expression and localization of arabinogalactan proteins during the development of anther, ovule, and embryo in rice. PROTOPLASMA 2019; 256:909-922. [PMID: 30675653 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-019-01349-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) are hyperglycosylated members of the hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein (HRGP) superfamily and are widely distributed throughout the plant kingdom. In Oryza sativa (rice), the gene expression and biological function of AGPs only have received minimal research attention. Here, we used qRT-PCR to detect the expression patterns of OsAGP genes in various organs, and found that six genes were preferentially expressed in panicles, three genes were specifically expressed in anthers, and one gene in the stigma. Furthermore, using four specific monoclonal antibodies (JIM8, JIM13, LM2, MAC207), we observed the distribution of AGPs in rice anthers, ovules, and embryos. In anthers, the strong fluorescence signals of AGPs were present in tapetum cells, pollen mother cells, and mature pollens, suggesting that AGPs might be related to the development of anther and pollen. In ovules, signals of AGPs were specifically distributed in the three micropylar megaspores of the tetrad, and with intense signals in the egg cell and synergid cells in the mature embryo sac. This suggests that AGPs may be involved in megaspore determination and double fertilization. In embryos, the immunological signals of AGPs appeared in peripheral and inner cells at the early stage, and in the scutellum, plumule, and radicle at the late stage, indicating that AGPs may be associated with organ differentiation and maturation of embryos. In this study, we revealed that AGPs were widely distributed in rice anthers, ovules, and embryos, which lays a foundation for the functional investigation of AGPs in various processes of sexual reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Fang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Die Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Hengjin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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Huang X, Run M, Sun MX. OsGCD1, a novel player in rice intine construction. J Genet Genomics 2019; 46:359-362. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Mutations in the Rice OsCHR4 Gene, Encoding a CHD3 Family Chromatin Remodeler, Induce Narrow and Rolled Leaves with Increased Cuticular Wax. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102567. [PMID: 31130602 PMCID: PMC6566577 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaf blade width, curvature, and cuticular wax are important agronomic traits of rice. Here, we report the rice Oschr4-5 mutant characterized by pleiotropic phenotypes, including narrow and rolled leaves, enhanced cuticular wax deposition and reduced plant height and tiller number. The reduced leaf width is caused by a reduced number of longitudinal veins and increased auxin content. The cuticular wax content was significantly higher in the Oschr4-5 mutant, resulting in reduced water loss rate and enhanced drought tolerance. Molecular characterization reveals that a single-base deletion results in a frame-shift mutation from the second chromodomain of OsCHR4, a CHD3 (chromodomain helicase DNA-binding) family chromatin remodeler, in the Oschr4-5 mutant. Expressions of seven wax biosynthesis genes (GL1-4, WSL4, OsCER7, LACS2, LACS7, ROC4 and BDG) and four auxin biosynthesis genes (YUC2, YUC3, YUC5 and YUC6) was up-regulated in the Oschr4-5 mutant. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed that the transcriptionally active histone modification H3K4me3 was increased, whereas the repressive H3K27me3 was reduced in the upregulated genes in the Oschr4-5 mutant. Therefore, OsCHR4 regulates leaf morphogenesis and cuticle wax formation by epigenetic modulation of auxin and wax biosynthetic genes expression.
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Fine-mapping and transcriptome analysis of BoGL-3, a wax-less gene in cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata). Mol Genet Genomics 2019; 294:1231-1239. [PMID: 31098741 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-019-01577-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The great majority of terrestrial plants produce epicuticular wax that is used to protect plants from a variety of biotic and abiotic stresses. Cabbage epicuticular wax is a white crystalline compound of various lipids. Wax-less cabbage has the characteristics of lustrous green leaves and beautiful exterior, which facilitates the brilliant green cabbage breeding. CGL-3 is a spontaneous wax-less mutant identified from cabbage. Genetic analysis indicated that the waxy deficiency of the mutant was controlled by a single dominant gene. To clarify the mechanism of the waxy deficiency, fine-mapping and transcriptome analysis of the wax-less gene, BoGL-3, were carried out in this study. The result of fine mapping showed that the wax-less gene, BoGL-3, was delimited in a 33.5-kb interval which is between the flanking marker C08-98 and the end of chromosome 8. Two cDNA libraries, constructed with wax-less cabbage CGL-3 and the wild-type cabbage WT, were sequenced for screening of the target gene BoGL-3. A total of 8340 genes were identified with significant differential expression between CGL-3 and WT. Among these genes, 3187 were up-regulated and 5153 were down-regulated in CGL-3. With homologous analysis, four differential expressed genes related to wax metabolism were obtained. Among these four genes, only Bol018504 is located within the region of fine-mapping. Bol08504 is homologous to CER1, which encodes fatty acid hydroxylase and plays an important role in wax synthesis in Arabidopsis. However, there was no difference of Bol08504 sequence between CGL-3 and WT. We suggested that Bol018504 was regulated by BoGL-3. The suppression of Bol018504 leads to the reduction of wax. These findings will be helpful to reveal the mechanism of the wax metabolism in cabbage and develop lustrous green cabbage germplasm material.
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Wan X, Wu S, Li Z, Dong Z, An X, Ma B, Tian Y, Li J. Maize Genic Male-Sterility Genes and Their Applications in Hybrid Breeding: Progress and Perspectives. MOLECULAR PLANT 2019; 12:321-342. [PMID: 30690174 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2019.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most important crops, maize not only has been a source of the food, feed, and industrial feedstock for biofuel and bioproducts, but also became a model plant system for addressing fundamental questions in genetics. Male sterility is a very useful trait for hybrid vigor utilization and hybrid seed production. The identification and characterization of genic male-sterility (GMS) genes in maize and other plants have deepened our understanding of the molecular mechanisms controlling anther and pollen development, and enabled the development and efficient use of many biotechnology-based male-sterility (BMS) systems for crop hybrid breeding. In this review, we summarize main advances on the identification and characterization of GMS genes in maize, and construct a putative regulatory network controlling maize anther and pollen development by comparative genomic analysis of GMS genes in maize, Arabidopsis, and rice. Furthermore, we discuss and appraise the features of more than a dozen BMS systems for propagating male-sterile lines and producing hybrid seeds in maize and other plants. Finally, we provide our perspectives on the studies of GMS genes and the development of novel BMS systems in maize and other plants. The continuous exploration of GMS genes and BMS systems will enhance our understanding of molecular regulatory networks controlling male fertility and greatly facilitate hybrid vigor utilization in breeding and field production of maize and other crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyuan Wan
- Biology and Agriculture Research Center, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100024, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China.
| | - Suowei Wu
- Biology and Agriculture Research Center, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100024, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Ziwen Li
- Biology and Agriculture Research Center, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100024, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Zhenying Dong
- Biology and Agriculture Research Center, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100024, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Xueli An
- Biology and Agriculture Research Center, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100024, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Biao Ma
- Biology and Agriculture Research Center, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100024, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Youhui Tian
- Biology and Agriculture Research Center, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100024, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Jinping Li
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
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Sun L, Xiang X, Yang Z, Yu P, Wen X, Wang H, Abbas A, Muhammad Khan R, Zhang Y, Cheng S, Cao L. OsGPAT3 Plays a Critical Role in Anther Wall Programmed Cell Death and Pollen Development in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19124017. [PMID: 30545137 PMCID: PMC6321289 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19124017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In flowering plants, ideal male reproductive development requires the systematic coordination of various processes, in which timely differentiation and degradation of the anther wall, especially the tapetum, is essential for both pollen formation and anther dehiscence. Here, we show that OsGPAT3, a conserved glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase gene, plays a critical role in regulating anther wall degradation and pollen exine formation. The gpat3-2 mutant had defective synthesis of Ubisch bodies, delayed programmed cell death (PCD) of the inner three anther layers, and abnormal degradation of micropores/pollen grains, resulting in failure of pollen maturation and complete male sterility. Complementation and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated 9 (Cas9) experiments demonstrated that OsGPAT3 is responsible for the male sterility phenotype. Furthermore, the expression level of tapetal PCD-related and nutrient metabolism-related genes changed significantly in the gpat3-2 anthers. Based on these genetic and cytological analyses, OsGPAT3 is proposed to coordinate the differentiation and degradation of the anther wall and pollen grains in addition to regulating lipid biosynthesis. This study provides insights for understanding the function of GPATs in regulating rice male reproductive development, and also lays a theoretical basis for hybrid rice breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianping Sun
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Xiaojiao Xiang
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Zhengfu Yang
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Ping Yu
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Xiaoxia Wen
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Adil Abbas
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Riaz Muhammad Khan
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Yingxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Shihua Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Liyong Cao
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
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Zhang L, Luo H, Zhao Y, Chen X, Huang Y, Yan S, Li S, Liu M, Huang W, Zhang X, Jin W. Maize male sterile 33 encodes a putative glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase that mediates anther cuticle formation and microspore development. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2018. [PMID: 30509161 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1543-1547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The anther cuticle, which is primarily composed of lipid polymers, is crucial for pollen development and plays important roles in sexual reproduction in higher plants. However, the mechanism underlying the biosynthesis of lipid polymers in maize (Zea mays. L.) remains unclear. RESULTS Here, we report that the maize male-sterile mutant shrinking anther 1 (sa1), which is allelic to the classic mutant male sterile 33 (ms33), displays defective anther cuticle development and premature microspore degradation. We isolated MS33 via map-based cloning. MS33 encodes a putative glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and is preferentially expressed in tapetal cells during anther development. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed a substantial reduction in wax and cutin in ms33 anthers compared to wild type. Accordingly, RNA-sequencing analysis showed that many genes involved in wax and cutin biosynthesis are differentially expressed in ms33 compared to wild type. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that MS33 may contribute to anther cuticle and microspore development by affecting lipid polyester biosynthesis in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education (MOE), Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hongbing Luo
- College of Agronomy, Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education (MOE), Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaoyang Chen
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education (MOE), Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yumin Huang
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education (MOE), Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shuangshuang Yan
- Department of Vegetable Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Suxing Li
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education (MOE), Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Meishan Liu
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education (MOE), Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wei Huang
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education (MOE), Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaolan Zhang
- Department of Vegetable Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Weiwei Jin
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education (MOE), Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Zhang L, Luo H, Zhao Y, Chen X, Huang Y, Yan S, Li S, Liu M, Huang W, Zhang X, Jin W. Maize male sterile 33 encodes a putative glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase that mediates anther cuticle formation and microspore development. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 18:318. [PMID: 30509161 PMCID: PMC6276174 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1543-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The anther cuticle, which is primarily composed of lipid polymers, is crucial for pollen development and plays important roles in sexual reproduction in higher plants. However, the mechanism underlying the biosynthesis of lipid polymers in maize (Zea mays. L.) remains unclear. RESULTS Here, we report that the maize male-sterile mutant shrinking anther 1 (sa1), which is allelic to the classic mutant male sterile 33 (ms33), displays defective anther cuticle development and premature microspore degradation. We isolated MS33 via map-based cloning. MS33 encodes a putative glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and is preferentially expressed in tapetal cells during anther development. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed a substantial reduction in wax and cutin in ms33 anthers compared to wild type. Accordingly, RNA-sequencing analysis showed that many genes involved in wax and cutin biosynthesis are differentially expressed in ms33 compared to wild type. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that MS33 may contribute to anther cuticle and microspore development by affecting lipid polyester biosynthesis in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education (MOE), Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Hongbing Luo
- College of Agronomy, Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 China
| | - Yue Zhao
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education (MOE), Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Xiaoyang Chen
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education (MOE), Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Yumin Huang
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education (MOE), Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Shuangshuang Yan
- Department of Vegetable Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Suxing Li
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education (MOE), Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Meishan Liu
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education (MOE), Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Wei Huang
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education (MOE), Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Xiaolan Zhang
- Department of Vegetable Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Weiwei Jin
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education (MOE), Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
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Abstract
Most genetic and molecular analyses of anther development utilize Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa (rice), and Zea mays (maize). Especially in maize, early stages of anther development are easy to study because: (1) Maize has unisex flowers. (2) Compared to rice or A. thaliana, maize anthers are relatively large, making dissection for molecular and biochemical analyses easy. (3) Anther developmental stage is strongly correlated with maize anther length. Besides these technical advantages, understanding anther and pollen development in maize is of significant agricultural importance. Today maize is a worldwide cereal crop: approximately 25% of all consumed food contains maize. Yield stability or even increases depend on maintenance of hybrid vigor, and production of hybrid seed requires manual detasseling or genetic control of pollen development. Knowledge of pollen development can also be used to manage transgene containment. In the first section of this chapter, we will describe the current model for sequential cell fate specification in maize anther lobes, with reference to rice and A. thaliana to point out similarities and differences. In the second section of this chapter, we will review what is known about the individual cell types in anther lobes. The diversity of anther organization is addressed to a limited extent by cytological studies of anthers, often directed to clarify taxonomic relationships. In the third section, we will comment on how new lines of investigation could clarify questions remaining in our current appreciation of anther development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina van der Linde
- Department of Cell Biology and Plant Biochemistry, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Virginia Walbot
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.
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73
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Tang H, Song Y, Guo J, Wang J, Zhang L, Niu N, Ma S, Zhang G, Zhao H. Physiological and metabolome changes during anther development in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 132:18-32. [PMID: 30172190 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
This study used cytology, cytochemistry, and non-targeted metabolomics to investigate the distribution characteristic of polysaccharides, lipids, and all the metabolites present during five wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) anther developmental stages to provide insights into wheat anther development. Anthers were collected from the tetrad through trinucleate stages, and 1.5% (w/v) acetocarmine and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining were used to confirm the developmental stage and visualize the nuclei, respectively. Polysaccharides and lipids were detected by staining with periodic acid-Schiff and Sudan Black B, respectively. The integrated optical density of the tapetum and microspores were calculated using IPP6.0 software. Furthermore, the metabolites were identified by gas chromatograph system coupled with a Pegasus HT time-of-flight mass spectrometer (GC-TOF-MS). The results indicated that the interior and exterior surface cells of anthers are orderly. Pollen was rich in numerous nutrient substances (e.g., lipids, insoluble carbohydrates, and others), and formed a normal sperm cell that contained three nuclei, i.e., one vegetative nuclei and two reproductive nuclei in the mature pollen. Semi-thin sectioning indicated that the tapetum cells degraded progressively from the tetrad to late uninucleate stage and disappeared from the bi-to trinucleate stages. Moreover, nutrient substances (lipids and insoluble carbohydrates) accumulated, were synthesized in the pollen, and gradually increased from the tetrad to trinucleate stages. Finally, the metabolomics results identified that 146 metabolites were present throughout the wheat anther developmental stages. Principal component analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis, and metabolite-metabolite correlation revealed distinct dynamic changes in metabolites. The metabolism of organic acids, amino acids, sugars, fatty acids, amines, polyols, and nucleotides were interrelated and involved in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and glycolysis. Furthermore, their interactions were revealed using an integrated metabolic map, which indicated that the TCA cycle and glycolysis were very active during anther development to provide the required energy for anther and pollen development. Our study provides valuable insights into the mechanisms of substance metabolism in wheat anthers and can be used for possible application by metabolic engineers for the improvement of cell characteristics or creating new compounds and molecular breeders in improving pollen fertility or creating the ideal male sterile line, to improve wheat yield per unit area to address global food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huali Tang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology & Breeding Center, Yangling Branch of State Wheat Improvement Center, Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yulong Song
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology & Breeding Center, Yangling Branch of State Wheat Improvement Center, Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Jialin Guo
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology & Breeding Center, Yangling Branch of State Wheat Improvement Center, Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Junwei Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology & Breeding Center, Yangling Branch of State Wheat Improvement Center, Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Lili Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology & Breeding Center, Yangling Branch of State Wheat Improvement Center, Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Na Niu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology & Breeding Center, Yangling Branch of State Wheat Improvement Center, Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Shoucai Ma
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology & Breeding Center, Yangling Branch of State Wheat Improvement Center, Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Gaisheng Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology & Breeding Center, Yangling Branch of State Wheat Improvement Center, Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Huiyan Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China.
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Chang Z, Jin M, Yan W, Chen H, Qiu S, Fu S, Xia J, Liu Y, Chen Z, Wu J, Tang X. The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter OsABCG3 is essential for pollen development in rice. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 11:58. [PMID: 30311098 PMCID: PMC6181869 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-018-0248-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pollen wall, which protects male gametophyte against various stresses and facilitates pollination, is essential for successful reproduction in flowering plants. The pollen wall consists of gametophyte-derived intine and sporophyte-derived exine. From outside to inside of exine are tectum, bacula, nexine I and nexine II layers. How these structural layers are formed has been under extensive studies, but the molecular mechanisms remain obscure. RESULTS Here we identified two osabcg3 allelic mutants and demonstrated that OsABCG3 was required for pollen development in rice. OsABCG3 encodes a half-size ABCG transporter localized on the plasma membrane. It was mainly expressed in anther when exine started to form. Loss-function of OsABCG3 caused abnormal degradation of the tapetum. The mutant pollen lacked the nexine II and intine layers, and shriveled without cytoplasm. The expression of some genes required for pollen wall formation was examined in osabcg3 mutants. The mutation did not alter the expression of the regulatory genes and lipid metabolism genes, but altered the expression of lipid transport genes. CONCLUSIONS Base on the genetic and cytological analyses, OsABCG3 was proposed to transport the tapetum-produced materials essential for pollen wall formation. This study provided a new perspective to the genetic regulation of pollen wall development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyi Chang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 China
- Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Crop Design, Shenzhen, 518107 China
| | - Mingna Jin
- Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Crop Design, Shenzhen, 518107 China
| | - Wei Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 China
- Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Crop Design, Shenzhen, 518107 China
- School of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 10048 China
| | - Hui Chen
- Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Crop Design, Shenzhen, 518107 China
| | - Shijun Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 China
- Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Crop Design, Shenzhen, 518107 China
| | - Shan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 53004 China
| | - Jixing Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 53004 China
| | - Yuchen Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 China
- Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Crop Design, Shenzhen, 518107 China
| | - Zhufeng Chen
- Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Crop Design, Shenzhen, 518107 China
| | - Jianxin Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 China
| | - Xiaoyan Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 China
- Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Crop Design, Shenzhen, 518107 China
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75
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Zou T, Liu M, Xiao Q, Wang T, Chen D, Luo T, Yuan G, Li Q, Zhu J, Liang Y, Deng Q, Wang S, Zheng A, Wang L, Li P, Li S. OsPKS2 is required for rice male fertility by participating in pollen wall formation. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2018; 37:759-773. [PMID: 29411094 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-018-2265-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
OsPKS2, the rice orthologous gene of Arabidopsis PKSB/LAP5, encodes a polyketide synthase that is involved in pollen wall formation in rice. In flowering plants, the pollen wall protects male gametes from various environmental stresses and pathogen attacks, as well as promotes pollen germination. The biosynthesis of sporopollenin in tapetal cell is critical for pollen wall formation. Recently, progress has been made in understanding sporopollenin metabolism during pollen wall development in Arabidopsis. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism that underlies the sporopollenin synthesis in pollen wall formation in rice (Oryza sativa). In this study, we identified that a point mutation in OsPKS2, a plant-specific type III polyketide synthase gene, caused male sterility in rice by affecting the normal progress of pollen wall formation. Two other allelic mutants of OsPKS2 were generated using the CRISPR/Cas9 system and are also completely male sterile. This result thus further confirmed that OsPKS2 controls rice male fertility. We also showed that OsPKS2 is an orthologous gene of Arabidopsis PKSB/LAP5 and has a tapetum-specific expression pattern. In addition, its product localizes in the endoplasmic reticulum. Results suggested that OsPKS2 is critical for pollen wall formation, and plays a conserved but differentiated role in sporopollenin biosynthesis from Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Economic Plant Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Special Plant Industry in Chongqing, Institute of Special Plants, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan, 402160, China
| | - Mingxing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Guoqiang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Economic Plant Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Special Plant Industry in Chongqing, Institute of Special Plants, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan, 402160, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Yueyang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiming Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Shiquan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Aiping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Lingxia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China.
| | - Shuangcheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China.
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76
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Han Y, Wang X, Zhao F, Gao S, Wei A, Chen Z, Liu N, Zhang Z, Du S. Transcriptomic analysis of differentially expressed genes in flower-buds of genetic male sterile and wild type cucumber by RNA sequencing. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 24:359-367. [PMID: 29692544 PMCID: PMC5911260 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-018-0515-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) pollen development involves a diverse range of gene interactions between sporophytic and gametophytic tissues. Previous studies in our laboratory showed that male sterility was controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene, and occurred in pollen mother cell meiophase. To fully explore the global gene expression and identify genes related to male sterility, a RNA-seq analysis was adopted in this study. Young male flower-buds (1-2 mm in length) from genetic male sterility (GMS) mutant and homozygous fertile cucumber (WT) were collected for two sequencing libraries. Total 545 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 142 up-regulated DEGs and 403 down-regulated DEGs, were detected in two libraries (Fold Change ≥ 2, FDR < 0.01). These genes were involved in a variety of metabolic pathways, like ethylene-activated signaling pathway, sporopollenin biosynthetic pathway, cell cycle and DNA damage repair pathway. qRT-PCR analysis was performed and showed that the correlation between RNA-Seq and qRT-PCR was 0.876. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the mechanism that leads to GMS in cucumber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yike Han
- Department of Vegetable Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Vegetable Breeding Enterprise, Tianjin Kernel Cucumber Research Institute, 295 Baidi Road, Tianjin, 300192 China
| | - Xianyun Wang
- College of Life, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
| | - Fengyue Zhao
- College of Life, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
| | - Shang Gao
- The Richard and Loan Hill Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 0661 USA
| | - Aimin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Vegetable Breeding Enterprise, Tianjin Kernel Cucumber Research Institute, 295 Baidi Road, Tianjin, 300192 China
| | - Zhengwu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Vegetable Breeding Enterprise, Tianjin Kernel Cucumber Research Institute, 295 Baidi Road, Tianjin, 300192 China
| | - Nan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Vegetable Breeding Enterprise, Tianjin Kernel Cucumber Research Institute, 295 Baidi Road, Tianjin, 300192 China
| | - Zhenxian Zhang
- Department of Vegetable Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Shengli Du
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Vegetable Breeding Enterprise, Tianjin Kernel Cucumber Research Institute, 295 Baidi Road, Tianjin, 300192 China
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77
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Identification of Wheat Inflorescence Development-Related Genes Using a Comparative Transcriptomics Approach. Int J Genomics 2018; 2018:6897032. [PMID: 29581960 PMCID: PMC5822904 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6897032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflorescence represents the highly specialized plant tissue producing the grains. Although key genes regulating flower initiation and development are conserved, the mechanism regulating fertility is still not well explained. To identify genes and gene network underlying inflorescence morphology and fertility of bread wheat, expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from different tissues were analyzed using a comparative transcriptomics approach. Based on statistical comparison of EST frequencies of individual genes in EST pools representing different tissues and verification with RT-PCR and RNA-seq data, 170 genes of 59 gene sets predominantly expressed in the inflorescence were obtained. Nearly one-third of the gene sets displayed differentiated expression profiles in terms of their subgenome orthologs. The identified genes, most of which were predominantly expressed in anthers, encode proteins involved in wheat floral identity determination, anther and pollen development, pollen-pistil interaction, and others. Particularly, 25 annotated gene sets are associated with pollen wall formation, of which 18 encode enzymes or proteins participating in lipid metabolic pathway, including fatty acid ω-hydroxylation, alkane and fatty alcohol biosynthesis, and glycerophospholipid metabolism. We showed that the comparative transcriptomics approach was effective in identifying genes for reproductive development and found that lipid metabolism was particularly active in wheat anthers.
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78
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Yu H, Jiao B, Lu L, Wang P, Chen S, Liang C, Liu W. NetMiner-an ensemble pipeline for building genome-wide and high-quality gene co-expression network using massive-scale RNA-seq samples. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192613. [PMID: 29425247 PMCID: PMC5806890 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Accurately reconstructing gene co-expression network is of great importance for uncovering the genetic architecture underlying complex and various phenotypes. The recent availability of high-throughput RNA-seq sequencing has made genome-wide detecting and quantifying of the novel, rare and low-abundance transcripts practical. However, its potential merits in reconstructing gene co-expression network have still not been well explored. Using massive-scale RNA-seq samples, we have designed an ensemble pipeline, called NetMiner, for building genome-scale and high-quality Gene Co-expression Network (GCN) by integrating three frequently used inference algorithms. We constructed a RNA-seq-based GCN in one species of monocot rice. The quality of network obtained by our method was verified and evaluated by the curated gene functional association data sets, which obviously outperformed each single method. In addition, the powerful capability of network for associating genes with functions and agronomic traits was shown by enrichment analysis and case studies. In particular, we demonstrated the potential value of our proposed method to predict the biological roles of unknown protein-coding genes, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) genes and circular RNA (circRNA) genes. Our results provided a valuable and highly reliable data source to select key candidate genes for subsequent experimental validation. To facilitate identification of novel genes regulating important biological processes and phenotypes in other plants or animals, we have published the source code of NetMiner, making it freely available at https://github.com/czllab/NetMiner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Yu
- Nantong Medical College and School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: , , (HY); (CL); (WL)
| | - Bingke Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Nantong Polytechnic College, Nantong, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Nantong Medical College and School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Shuangcheng Chen
- Nantong Medical College and School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chengzhi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: , , (HY); (CL); (WL)
| | - Wei Liu
- Nantong Medical College and School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- * E-mail: , , (HY); (CL); (WL)
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79
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Yang Z, Zhang Y, Sun L, Zhang P, Liu L, Yu P, Xuan D, Xiang X, Wu W, Cao L, Cheng S. Identification of cyp703a3-3 and analysis of regulatory role of CYP703A3 in rice anther cuticle and pollen exine development. Gene 2018; 649:63-73. [PMID: 29355682 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Anther cuticle and pollen exine are two elaborated lipid-soluble barriers protecting pollen grains from environmental and biological stresses. However, less is known about the mechanisms underlying the synthesis of these lipidic polymers. Here, we identified a no-pollen male-sterility mutant cyp703a3-3 from the indica restorer line Zhonghui 8015 (Zh8015) mutant library treated with 60Coγ-ray radiation. Histological analysis indicated that cyp703a3-3 underwent abnormal tapetal cells development, produced few orbicules and secreted less sporopollenin precursors to anther locule, as well as cutin monomers on anther. Genetic analysis revealed that cyp703a3-3 was controlled by a single recessive gene. Map-based cloning was performed to narrow down the mutant gene to a 47.78-kb interval on the chromosome 8 between two markers S15-29 and S15-30. Sequence analysis detected three bases (GAA) deletion in the first exon of LOC_Os08g03682, annotated as CYP703A3 with homologous sequences related to male sterility in Arabidopsis, causing the Asparagine deletion in the mutant site. Moreover, we transformed genomic fragment of CYP703A3 into cyp703a3-3, which male-sterility phenotype was recovered. Both the wild-type and cyp703a3-3 mutant 3D structure of CYP703A3 protein were modeled. Results of qPCR suggested CYP703A3 mainly expressed in anthers with greatest abundance at microspore stage, and genes involved in sporopollenin precursors formation and transportation, such as GAMYB, TDR, CYP704B2, DPW2, OsABCG26 and OsABCG15, were significantly reduced in cyp703a3-3. Collectively, our results further elaborated CYP703A3 plays vital role in anther cuticle and pollen exine development in rice (Oryza sativa L.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengfu Yang
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yingxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Lianping Sun
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Ping Yu
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Dandan Xuan
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Xiaojiao Xiang
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Weixun Wu
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Liyong Cao
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Shihua Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
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80
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Han Y, Zhao F, Gao S, Wang X, Wei A, Chen Z, Liu N, Tong X, Fu X, Wen C, Zhang Z, Wang N, Du S. Fine mapping of a male sterility gene ms-3 in a novel cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) mutant. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2018; 131:449-460. [PMID: 29134240 PMCID: PMC5787221 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-017-3013-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The cucumber male sterility gene ms - 3 was fine mapped in a 76 kb region harboring an MMD1 -like gene Csa3M006660 that may be responsible for the male sterile in cucumber. A cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) male sterile mutant (ms-3) in an advanced-generation inbred line was identified, and genetic analysis revealed that the male sterility trait was controlled by a recessive nuclear gene, ms-3, which was stably inherited. Histological studies suggested that the main cause of the male sterility was defective microsporogenesis, resulting in no tetrad or microspores being formed. Bulked segregant analysis (BSA) and genotyping of an F2 population of 2553 individuals were employed used to fine map ms-3, which was delimited to a 76 Kb region. In this region, a single non-synonymous SNP was found in the Csa3M006660 gene locus, which was predicted to result in an amino acid change. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of Csa3M006660 was consistent with the fact that it plays a role in the early development of cucumber pollen. The protein encoded by Csa3M006660 is predicted to be homeodomain (PHD) finger protein, and the high degree of sequence conservation with homologs from a range of plant species further suggested the importance of the ms-3 non-synonymous mutation. The data presented here provide support for Csa3M006660 as the most likely candidate gene for Ms-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yike Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Vegetable Breeding Enterprise, Tianjin Kernel Cucumber Research Institute, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Fengyue Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Shang Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xianyun Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Aimin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Vegetable Breeding Enterprise, Tianjin Kernel Cucumber Research Institute, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Zhengwu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Vegetable Breeding Enterprise, Tianjin Kernel Cucumber Research Institute, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Nan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Vegetable Breeding Enterprise, Tianjin Kernel Cucumber Research Institute, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Xueqiang Tong
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xinmeng Fu
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Changlong Wen
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center (BVRC), Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasms Improvement, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Zhenxian Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ningning Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Shengli Du
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Vegetable Breeding Enterprise, Tianjin Kernel Cucumber Research Institute, Tianjin, 300192, China.
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81
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Ni E, Zhou L, Li J, Jiang D, Wang Z, Zheng S, Qi H, Zhou Y, Wang C, Xiao S, Liu Z, Zhou H, Zhuang C. OsCER1 Plays a Pivotal Role in Very-Long-Chain Alkane Biosynthesis and Affects Plastid Development and Programmed Cell Death of Tapetum in Rice ( Oryza sativa L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1217. [PMID: 30237804 PMCID: PMC6136457 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Cuticle waxes, which are primarily comprised of very-long-chain (VLC) alkanes, play an important role in plant reproductive development. ECERIFERUM1 (CER1) is recognized as the core element for VLC alkane biosynthesis in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). However, genes involved in the VLC alkane biosynthesis in rice remain unclear, and the alkane-form pathway in rice has still to be further explored. Here, we show that OsCER1, a homology of CER1, functions in VLC alkanes biosynthesis, which also could regulate anther development and plastids differentiation in rice. OsCER1 was highly expressed in the tapetum (stage 10) and bicellular pollen cells (stage 11). The decreased content of VLC alkanes (C25 and C27) in the OsCER1 knocked down plants as well as the increased content of C27 alkanes in the OsCER1 overexpression plants indicates that OsCER1 participates in VLC alkane biosynthesis. Downregulation of OsCER1 in rice led to sterility, and fewer amyloplasts within the mature pollen grains. In addition, the downregulation of OsCER1 in rice caused delayed tapetal programmed cell death and abnormal development of plastids in the tapetal cells. Furthermore, significantly altered levels of expression of genes involved in the pollen development were exhibited in the OsCER1 knocked down plants. These results indicate that OsCER1 is critical for VLC alkanes biosynthesis, plastids differentiation, and pollen development. This work provides insights into the VLC alkanes biosynthesis in anther development in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdong Ni
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources – Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Guangdong Provincial Higher Education Institutions, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingyan Zhou
- Laboratory Center of Basic Biology and Biotechnology, Education Department of Guangdong Province, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources – Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Guangdong Provincial Higher Education Institutions, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dagang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources – Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Guangdong Provincial Higher Education Institutions, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhonghua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Shaoyan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources – Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Guangdong Provincial Higher Education Institutions, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cimei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources – Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Guangdong Provincial Higher Education Institutions, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenlan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources – Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Guangdong Provincial Higher Education Institutions, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources – Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Guangdong Provincial Higher Education Institutions, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hai Zhou, Chuxiong Zhuang,
| | - Chuxiong Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources – Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Guangdong Provincial Higher Education Institutions, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hai Zhou, Chuxiong Zhuang,
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82
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Zou T, Xiao Q, Li W, Luo T, Yuan G, He Z, Liu M, Li Q, Xu P, Zhu J, Liang Y, Deng Q, Wang S, Zheng A, Wang L, Li P, Li S. OsLAP6/OsPKS1, an orthologue of Arabidopsis PKSA/LAP6, is critical for proper pollen exine formation. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 10:53. [PMID: 29282604 PMCID: PMC5745217 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-017-0191-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Male fertility is crucial for rice yield, and the improvement of rice yield requires hybrid production that depends on male sterile lines. Although recent studies have revealed several important genes in male reproductive development, our understanding of the mechanisms of rice pollen development remains unclear. RESULTS We identified a rice mutant oslap6 with complete male sterile phenotype caused by defects in pollen exine formation. By using the MutMap method, we found that a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variation located in the second exon of OsLAP6/OsPKS1 was responsible for the mutant phenotype. OsLAP6/OsPKS1 is an orthologous gene of Arabidopsis PKSA/LAP6, which functions in sporopollenin metabolism. Several other loss-of-function mutants of OsLAP6/OsPKS1 generated by the CRISPR/Cas9 genomic editing tool also exhibited the same phenotype of male sterility. Our cellular analysis suggested that OsLAP6/OsPKS1 might regulate pollen exine formation by affecting bacula elongation. Expression examination indicated that OsLAP6/OsPKS1 is specifically expressed in tapetum, and its product is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Protein sequence analysis indicated that OsLAP6/OsPKS1 is conserved in land plants. CONCLUSIONS OsLAP6/OsPKS1 is a critical molecular switch for rice male fertility by participating in a conserved sporopollenin precursor biosynthetic pathway in land plants. Manipulation of OsLAP6/OsPKS1 has potential for application in hybrid rice breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Economic Plant Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Special Plant Industry in Chongqing, Institute of Special Plants, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan, 402160, China
| | - Qiao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Tao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Guoqiang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhiyuan He
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Mingxing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Qiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Economic Plant Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Special Plant Industry in Chongqing, Institute of Special Plants, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan, 402160, China
| | - Peizhou Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Yueyang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Qiming Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Shiquan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Aiping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lingxia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China.
| | - Shuangcheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China.
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83
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Wu J, Chen L, Shahid MQ, Chen M, Dong Q, Li J, Xu X, Liu X. Pervasive interactions of Sa and Sb loci cause high pollen sterility and abrupt changes in gene expression during meiosis that could be overcome by double neutral genes in autotetraploid rice. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 10:49. [PMID: 29197985 PMCID: PMC5712294 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-017-0188-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intersubspecific autotetraploid rice hybrids possess high hybrid vigor; however, low pollen fertility is a critical hindrance in its commercial utilization. Our previous study demonstrated that polyploidy could increase the multi-loci interaction and cause high pollen abortion in autotetraploid rice hybrids. However, there is little known about the critical role of pollen sterility locus or loci in the intersubspecific hybrids. We developed autotetraploid rice hybrids harboring heterozygous genotypes (S i S i S j S j ) at different pollen sterility loci by using the near isogenic lines of Taichung65-4×. Moreover, autotetraploid lines carrying double neutral genes, Sa n and Sb n , were used to assess their effect on fertility restoration. RESULTS Cytological studies showed that the deleterious genetic interactions at Sa and Sb pollen sterility loci resulted in higher pollen sterility (76.83%) and abnormal chromosome behavior (24.59%) at metaphase I of meiosis in autotetraploid rice hybrids. Transcriptome analysis revealed 1092 differentially expressed genes (DEG) in a hybrid with the pervasive interactions at Sa and Sb pollen sterility loci, and most of the genes (about 83%) exhibited down regulation. Of the DEG, 60 were associated with transcription regulation and 18 genes were annotated as meiosis-related genes. Analysis on the hybrids developed by using autotetraploid rice harboring double neutral genes, Sa n and Sb n , revealed normal pollen fertility, and transcriptome analysis showed non-significant difference in number of DEG among different hybrids. CONCLUSIONS Our finding revealed that pervasive interactions at Sa and Sb pollen sterility loci cause high sterility in the autotetraploid hybrids that lead to the down-regulation of important meiosis-related genes and transcription regulation factors. Moreover, we also found that the hybrids sterility could be overcome by double neutral genes, Sa n and Sb n , in autotetraploid rice hybrids. The present study provided a strong evidence for the utilization of heterosis in autotetraploid rice hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwen Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Lin Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Muhammad Qasim Shahid
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Minyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Qinglei Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Jirui Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Xiaosong Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Xiangdong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
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84
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Tian Y, Xiao S, Liu J, Somaratne Y, Zhang H, Wang M, Zhang H, Zhao L, Chen H. MALE STERILE6021 (MS6021) is required for the development of anther cuticle and pollen exine in maize. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16736. [PMID: 29196635 PMCID: PMC5711870 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16930-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The anther cuticle and pollen wall function as physical barriers that protect genetic material from various environmental stresses. The anther cuticle is composed of wax and cutin, the pollen wall includes exine and intine, and the components of the outer exine are collectively called sporopollenin. Other than cuticle wax, cutin and sporopollenin are biopolymers compounds. The precise constituents and developmental mechanism of these biopolymeric are poorly understood. Here, we reported a complete male sterile mutant, male sterile6021, in maize. The mutant displayed a smooth anther surface and irregular pollen wall formation before anthesis, and its tapetum was degraded immaturely. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed a severe reduction of lipid derivatives in the mutant anther. We cloned the gene by map based cloning. It encoded a fatty acyl carrier protein reductase that was localized in plastids. Expression analysis indicated that MS6021 was mainly expressed in the tapetum and microspore after the microspore was released from the tetrad. Functional complementation of the orthologous Arabidopsis mutant demonstrated that MS6021 is conserved between monocots and dicots and potentially even in flowering plants. MS6021 plays a conserved, essential role in the successful development of anther cuticle and pollen exine in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youhui Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Senlin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Juan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yamuna Somaratne
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Mingming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Huairen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Huabang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
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85
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Liu YJ, Liu X, Chen H, Zheng P, Wang W, Wang L, Zhang J, Tu J. A Plastid-Localized Pentatricopeptide Repeat Protein is Required for Both Pollen Development and Plant Growth in Rice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11484. [PMID: 28904339 PMCID: PMC5597598 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10727-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Several mitochondrial-targeted pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins involved in pollen development have been reported to be fertility restorer (Rf) proteins. However, the roles of plastid-localized PPR proteins in plant male reproduction are poorly defined. Here, we described a plastid-localized PPR-SMR protein, OsPPR676, which is required for plant growth and pollen development in rice. In this study, OsPPR676 was confirmed to be an interacted protein with Osj10gBTF3, β-subunit of nascent polypeptide-associated complex (β-NAC), by bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays, indicating that both proteins are probably involved in the same regulatory pathway of pollen development. Compared with other chloroplast-rich tissues, OsPPR676 was only weakly expressed in anther, but in the Mei and YM stages of pollen development, its expression was relatively strong in the tapetum. Disruption of OsPPR676 resulted in growth retardation of plants and partial sterility of pollens. Phenotypic analysis of different osppr676 mutant lines implied that the SMR domain was not essential for the function of OsPPR676. We further demonstrated that OsPPR676 is essential for production of plastid atpB subunit, and then plays crucial roles in biosynthesis of fatty acids, carbohydrates, and other organic matters via affecting activity of ATP synthase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jun Liu
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China.,State Key Lab of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, N.T., Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Xuejiao Liu
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Peng Zheng
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Wenyi Wang
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Liangchao Wang
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- State Key Lab of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, N.T., Hong Kong, P. R. China.
| | - Jumin Tu
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China.
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86
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Xu Y, Liu S, Liu Y, Ling S, Chen C, Yao J. HOTHEAD-Like HTH1 is Involved in Anther Cutin Biosynthesis and is Required for Pollen Fertility in Rice. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 58:1238-1248. [PMID: 28838125 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcx063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The cuticle covering the outer surface of anthers is essential for male reproductive development in plants. However, the mechanism underlying the synthesis of these lipidic polymers remains unclear. HOTHEAD (HTH) in Arabidopsis thaliana is a presumptive glucose-methanol-choline (GMC) oxidoreductase involved in the biosynthesis of long-chain α-,ω-dicarboxylic fatty acids. In this study, we characterized the function of an anther-specific gene HTH1 in rice. HTH1 contains a conserved GMC oxidoreductase-like domain, and the sequence of HTH1 was highly similar to that of HTH in A. thaliana. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and in situ hybridization analyses showed that HTH1 was highly expressed in epidermal cells of anthers. Rice plants with HTH1 suppression through CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) and RNA interference (RNAi) displayed defective anther wall and aborted pollen. Disorganized cuticle layers in anthers and shriveled pollen grains were observed in HTH1-RNAi lines. The total amounts of long-chain fatty acids and cutin monomers in anthers of HTH1-RNAi lines were significantly reduced compared with the wild type. Our results suggested that HTH1 is involved in cutin biosynthesis and is required for anther development and pollen fertility in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Xu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shasha Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yaqin Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Sheng Ling
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Caisheng Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jialing Yao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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87
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Yang X, Liang W, Chen M, Zhang D, Zhao X, Shi J. Rice fatty acyl-CoA synthetase OsACOS12 is required for tapetum programmed cell death and male fertility. PLANTA 2017; 246:105-122. [PMID: 28382520 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-017-2691-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Loss of function mutation of rice OsACOS12 impairs lipid metabolism-mediated anther cuticle and pollen wall formation, and interferes with tapetum programmed cell death, leading to male sterility. Acyl-CoA Synthetase (ACOS) is one of the enzymes activating fatty acids for various metabolic functions in plants. Here, we show that OsACOS12, an orthologue of Arabidopsis ACOS5 in rice, is crucial for rice fertility. Similar to acos5, osaocs12 mutant had no mature pollen. But unlike acos5, osaocs12 produced defective anthers lacking cutin and Ubisch bodies on the epidermal and inner surfaces, respectively, and delayed programmed cell death (PCD)-induced tapetum degradation. Those phenotypic changes were evident at stage 10, during which OsACOS12 had its maximum expression in tapetal cells and microspores. Chemical analysis revealed that the levels of anther cuticular lipid components (wax and cutin monomers) were significantly reduced in osaocs12, while the expression levels of three known lipid biosynthetic genes were unchanged. Recombinant OsACOS12 enzyme was shown to catalyze the conversion of C18:1 fatty acid to C18:1 CoA in vitro. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that OsACOS12 is an ancient and conserved enzyme associated with the plant's colonization to earth. Collectively, our study suggests that OsACOS12 is an ancient enzyme participating in a conserved metabolic pathway for diversified biochemical functions to secure male reproduction in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xijia Yang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wanqi Liang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Minjiao Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Dabing Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Plant Genomics Center, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
- Key Laboratory of Crop Marker-Assisted Breeding of Huaian Municipality, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environmental Protection, Huaian, 223300, China
| | - Xiangxiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Marker-Assisted Breeding of Huaian Municipality, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environmental Protection, Huaian, 223300, China
| | - Jianxin Shi
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
- Key Laboratory of Crop Marker-Assisted Breeding of Huaian Municipality, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environmental Protection, Huaian, 223300, China.
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88
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Somaratne Y, Tian Y, Zhang H, Wang M, Huo Y, Cao F, Zhao L, Chen H. ABNORMAL POLLEN VACUOLATION1 (APV1) is required for male fertility by contributing to anther cuticle and pollen exine formation in maize. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 90:96-110. [PMID: 28078801 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Anther cuticle and pollen exine are the major protective barriers against various stresses. The proper functioning of genes expressed in the tapetum is vital for the development of pollen exine and anther cuticle. In this study, we report a tapetum-specific gene, Abnormal Pollen Vacuolation1 (APV1), in maize that affects anther cuticle and pollen exine formation. The apv1 mutant was completely male sterile. Its microspores were swollen, less vacuolated, with a flat and empty anther locule. In the mutant, the anther epidermal surface was smooth, shiny, and plate-shaped compared with the three-dimensional crowded ridges and randomly formed wax crystals on the epidermal surface of the wild-type. The wild-type mature pollen had elaborate exine patterning, whereas the apv1 pollen surface was smooth. Only a few unevenly distributed Ubisch bodies were formed on the apv1 mutant, leading to a more apparent inner surface. A significant reduction in the cutin monomers was observed in the mutant. APV1 encodes a member of the P450 subfamily, CYP703A2-Zm, which contains 530 amino acids. APV1 appeared to be widely expressed in the tapetum at the vacuolation stage, and its protein signal co-localized with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) signal. RNA-Seq data revealed that most of the genes in the fatty acid metabolism pathway were differentially expressed in the apv1 mutant. Altogether, we suggest that APV1 functions in the fatty acid hydroxylation pathway which is involved in forming sporopollenin precursors and cutin monomers that are essential for the development of pollen exine and anther cuticle in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamuna Somaratne
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Youhui Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Mingming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yanqing Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Fengge Cao
- Heze Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Heze, Shandong, 274000, China
| | - Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Huabang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
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89
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Xu D, Shi J, Rautengarten C, Yang L, Qian X, Uzair M, Zhu L, Luo Q, An G, Waßmann F, Schreiber L, Heazlewood JL, Scheller HV, Hu J, Zhang D, Liang W. Defective Pollen Wall 2 (DPW2) Encodes an Acyl Transferase Required for Rice Pollen Development. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 173:240-255. [PMID: 27246096 PMCID: PMC5210703 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Aliphatic and aromatic lipids are both essential structural components of the plant cuticle, an important interface between the plant and environment. Although cross links between aromatic and aliphatic or other moieties are known to be associated with the formation of leaf cutin and root and seed suberin, the contribution of aromatic lipids to the biosynthesis of anther cuticles and pollen walls remains elusive. In this study, we characterized the rice (Oryza sativa) male sterile mutant, defective pollen wall 2 (dpw2), which showed an abnormal anther cuticle, a defective pollen wall, and complete male sterility. Compared with the wild type, dpw2 anthers have increased amounts of cutin and waxes and decreased levels of lipidic and phenolic compounds. DPW2 encodes a cytoplasmically localized BAHD acyltransferase. In vitro assays demonstrated that recombinant DPW2 specifically transfers hydroxycinnamic acid moieties, using ω-hydroxy fatty acids as acyl acceptors and hydroxycinnamoyl-CoAs as acyl donors. Thus, The cytoplasmic hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA:ω-hydroxy fatty acid transferase DPW2 plays a fundamental role in male reproduction via the biosynthesis of key components of the anther cuticle and pollen wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China (D.X., J.S., L.Y., X.Q., M.U., L.Z., Q.L., D.Z., W.L.)
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia (C.R., J.L.H.)
- Joint BioEnergy Institute and Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 (C.R., J.L.H., H.V.S.)
- Crop Biotech Institute and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea (G.A.)
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany (F.W., L.S.)
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (H.V.S.)
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 (J.H.); and
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, South Australia 5064, Australia (D.Z.)
| | - Jianxin Shi
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China (D.X., J.S., L.Y., X.Q., M.U., L.Z., Q.L., D.Z., W.L.)
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia (C.R., J.L.H.)
- Joint BioEnergy Institute and Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 (C.R., J.L.H., H.V.S.)
- Crop Biotech Institute and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea (G.A.)
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany (F.W., L.S.)
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (H.V.S.)
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 (J.H.); and
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, South Australia 5064, Australia (D.Z.)
| | - Carsten Rautengarten
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China (D.X., J.S., L.Y., X.Q., M.U., L.Z., Q.L., D.Z., W.L.)
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia (C.R., J.L.H.)
- Joint BioEnergy Institute and Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 (C.R., J.L.H., H.V.S.)
- Crop Biotech Institute and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea (G.A.)
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany (F.W., L.S.)
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (H.V.S.)
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 (J.H.); and
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, South Australia 5064, Australia (D.Z.)
| | - Li Yang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China (D.X., J.S., L.Y., X.Q., M.U., L.Z., Q.L., D.Z., W.L.)
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia (C.R., J.L.H.)
- Joint BioEnergy Institute and Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 (C.R., J.L.H., H.V.S.)
- Crop Biotech Institute and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea (G.A.)
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany (F.W., L.S.)
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (H.V.S.)
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 (J.H.); and
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, South Australia 5064, Australia (D.Z.)
| | - Xiaoling Qian
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China (D.X., J.S., L.Y., X.Q., M.U., L.Z., Q.L., D.Z., W.L.)
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia (C.R., J.L.H.)
- Joint BioEnergy Institute and Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 (C.R., J.L.H., H.V.S.)
- Crop Biotech Institute and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea (G.A.)
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany (F.W., L.S.)
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (H.V.S.)
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 (J.H.); and
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, South Australia 5064, Australia (D.Z.)
| | - Muhammad Uzair
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China (D.X., J.S., L.Y., X.Q., M.U., L.Z., Q.L., D.Z., W.L.)
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia (C.R., J.L.H.)
- Joint BioEnergy Institute and Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 (C.R., J.L.H., H.V.S.)
- Crop Biotech Institute and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea (G.A.)
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany (F.W., L.S.)
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (H.V.S.)
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 (J.H.); and
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, South Australia 5064, Australia (D.Z.)
| | - Lu Zhu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China (D.X., J.S., L.Y., X.Q., M.U., L.Z., Q.L., D.Z., W.L.)
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia (C.R., J.L.H.)
- Joint BioEnergy Institute and Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 (C.R., J.L.H., H.V.S.)
- Crop Biotech Institute and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea (G.A.)
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany (F.W., L.S.)
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (H.V.S.)
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 (J.H.); and
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, South Australia 5064, Australia (D.Z.)
| | - Qian Luo
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China (D.X., J.S., L.Y., X.Q., M.U., L.Z., Q.L., D.Z., W.L.)
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia (C.R., J.L.H.)
- Joint BioEnergy Institute and Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 (C.R., J.L.H., H.V.S.)
- Crop Biotech Institute and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea (G.A.)
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany (F.W., L.S.)
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (H.V.S.)
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 (J.H.); and
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, South Australia 5064, Australia (D.Z.)
| | - Gynheung An
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China (D.X., J.S., L.Y., X.Q., M.U., L.Z., Q.L., D.Z., W.L.)
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia (C.R., J.L.H.)
- Joint BioEnergy Institute and Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 (C.R., J.L.H., H.V.S.)
- Crop Biotech Institute and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea (G.A.)
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany (F.W., L.S.)
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (H.V.S.)
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 (J.H.); and
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, South Australia 5064, Australia (D.Z.)
| | - Fritz Waßmann
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China (D.X., J.S., L.Y., X.Q., M.U., L.Z., Q.L., D.Z., W.L.)
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia (C.R., J.L.H.)
- Joint BioEnergy Institute and Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 (C.R., J.L.H., H.V.S.)
- Crop Biotech Institute and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea (G.A.)
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany (F.W., L.S.)
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (H.V.S.)
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 (J.H.); and
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, South Australia 5064, Australia (D.Z.)
| | - Lukas Schreiber
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China (D.X., J.S., L.Y., X.Q., M.U., L.Z., Q.L., D.Z., W.L.)
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia (C.R., J.L.H.)
- Joint BioEnergy Institute and Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 (C.R., J.L.H., H.V.S.)
- Crop Biotech Institute and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea (G.A.)
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany (F.W., L.S.)
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (H.V.S.)
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 (J.H.); and
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, South Australia 5064, Australia (D.Z.)
| | - Joshua L Heazlewood
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China (D.X., J.S., L.Y., X.Q., M.U., L.Z., Q.L., D.Z., W.L.)
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia (C.R., J.L.H.)
- Joint BioEnergy Institute and Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 (C.R., J.L.H., H.V.S.)
- Crop Biotech Institute and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea (G.A.)
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany (F.W., L.S.)
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (H.V.S.)
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 (J.H.); and
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, South Australia 5064, Australia (D.Z.)
| | - Henrik Vibe Scheller
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China (D.X., J.S., L.Y., X.Q., M.U., L.Z., Q.L., D.Z., W.L.)
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia (C.R., J.L.H.)
- Joint BioEnergy Institute and Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 (C.R., J.L.H., H.V.S.)
- Crop Biotech Institute and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea (G.A.)
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany (F.W., L.S.)
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (H.V.S.)
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 (J.H.); and
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, South Australia 5064, Australia (D.Z.)
| | - Jianping Hu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China (D.X., J.S., L.Y., X.Q., M.U., L.Z., Q.L., D.Z., W.L.)
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia (C.R., J.L.H.)
- Joint BioEnergy Institute and Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 (C.R., J.L.H., H.V.S.)
- Crop Biotech Institute and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea (G.A.)
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany (F.W., L.S.)
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (H.V.S.)
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 (J.H.); and
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, South Australia 5064, Australia (D.Z.)
| | - Dabing Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China (D.X., J.S., L.Y., X.Q., M.U., L.Z., Q.L., D.Z., W.L.)
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia (C.R., J.L.H.)
- Joint BioEnergy Institute and Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 (C.R., J.L.H., H.V.S.)
- Crop Biotech Institute and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea (G.A.)
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany (F.W., L.S.)
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (H.V.S.)
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 (J.H.); and
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, South Australia 5064, Australia (D.Z.)
| | - Wanqi Liang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China (D.X., J.S., L.Y., X.Q., M.U., L.Z., Q.L., D.Z., W.L.);
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia (C.R., J.L.H.);
- Joint BioEnergy Institute and Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 (C.R., J.L.H., H.V.S.);
- Crop Biotech Institute and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea (G.A.);
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany (F.W., L.S.);
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (H.V.S.);
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 (J.H.); and
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, South Australia 5064, Australia (D.Z.)
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Chen X, Zhang H, Sun H, Luo H, Zhao L, Dong Z, Yan S, Zhao C, Liu R, Xu C, Li S, Chen H, Jin W. IRREGULAR POLLEN EXINE1 Is a Novel Factor in Anther Cuticle and Pollen Exine Formation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 173:307-325. [PMID: 28049856 PMCID: PMC5210707 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Anther cuticle and pollen exine are protective barriers for pollen development and fertilization. Despite that several regulators have been identified for anther cuticle and pollen exine development in rice (Oryza sativa) and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), few genes have been characterized in maize (Zea mays) and the underlying regulatory mechanism remains elusive. Here, we report a novel male-sterile mutant in maize, irregular pollen exine1 (ipe1), which exhibited a glossy outer anther surface, abnormal Ubisch bodies, and defective pollen exine. Using map-based cloning, the IPE1 gene was isolated as a putative glucose-methanol-choline oxidoreductase targeted to the endoplasmic reticulum. Transcripts of IPE1 were preferentially accumulated in the tapetum during the tetrad and early uninucleate microspore stage. A biochemical assay indicated that ipe1 anthers had altered constituents of wax and a significant reduction of cutin monomers and fatty acids. RNA sequencing data revealed that genes implicated in wax and flavonoid metabolism, fatty acid synthesis, and elongation were differentially expressed in ipe1 mutant anthers. In addition, the analysis of transfer DNA insertional lines of the orthologous gene in Arabidopsis suggested that IPE1 and their orthologs have a partially conserved function in male organ development. Our results showed that IPE1 participates in the putative oxidative pathway of C16/C18 ω-hydroxy fatty acids and controls anther cuticle and pollen exine development together with MALE STERILITY26 and MALE STERILITY45 in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Chen
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, MOE Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (X.C., H.S., Z.D., W.J.), and Department of Vegetable Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops (S.Y.), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China (H.Z., L.Z., C.X., S.L., H.C.)
- College of Agronomy, Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China (H.L.)
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China (C.Z., R.L.); and
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China (H.Z.)
| | - Hua Zhang
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, MOE Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (X.C., H.S., Z.D., W.J.), and Department of Vegetable Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops (S.Y.), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China (H.Z., L.Z., C.X., S.L., H.C.)
- College of Agronomy, Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China (H.L.)
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China (C.Z., R.L.); and
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China (H.Z.)
| | - Huayue Sun
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, MOE Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (X.C., H.S., Z.D., W.J.), and Department of Vegetable Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops (S.Y.), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China (H.Z., L.Z., C.X., S.L., H.C.)
- College of Agronomy, Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China (H.L.)
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China (C.Z., R.L.); and
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China (H.Z.)
| | - Hongbing Luo
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, MOE Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (X.C., H.S., Z.D., W.J.), and Department of Vegetable Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops (S.Y.), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China (H.Z., L.Z., C.X., S.L., H.C.)
- College of Agronomy, Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China (H.L.)
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China (C.Z., R.L.); and
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China (H.Z.)
| | - Li Zhao
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, MOE Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (X.C., H.S., Z.D., W.J.), and Department of Vegetable Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops (S.Y.), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China (H.Z., L.Z., C.X., S.L., H.C.)
- College of Agronomy, Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China (H.L.)
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China (C.Z., R.L.); and
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China (H.Z.)
| | - Zhaobin Dong
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, MOE Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (X.C., H.S., Z.D., W.J.), and Department of Vegetable Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops (S.Y.), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China (H.Z., L.Z., C.X., S.L., H.C.)
- College of Agronomy, Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China (H.L.)
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China (C.Z., R.L.); and
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China (H.Z.)
| | - Shuangshuang Yan
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, MOE Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (X.C., H.S., Z.D., W.J.), and Department of Vegetable Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops (S.Y.), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China (H.Z., L.Z., C.X., S.L., H.C.)
- College of Agronomy, Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China (H.L.)
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China (C.Z., R.L.); and
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China (H.Z.)
| | - Cheng Zhao
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, MOE Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (X.C., H.S., Z.D., W.J.), and Department of Vegetable Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops (S.Y.), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China (H.Z., L.Z., C.X., S.L., H.C.)
- College of Agronomy, Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China (H.L.)
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China (C.Z., R.L.); and
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China (H.Z.)
| | - Renyi Liu
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, MOE Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (X.C., H.S., Z.D., W.J.), and Department of Vegetable Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops (S.Y.), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China (H.Z., L.Z., C.X., S.L., H.C.)
- College of Agronomy, Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China (H.L.)
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China (C.Z., R.L.); and
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China (H.Z.)
| | - Chunyan Xu
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, MOE Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (X.C., H.S., Z.D., W.J.), and Department of Vegetable Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops (S.Y.), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China (H.Z., L.Z., C.X., S.L., H.C.)
- College of Agronomy, Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China (H.L.)
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China (C.Z., R.L.); and
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China (H.Z.)
| | - Song Li
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, MOE Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (X.C., H.S., Z.D., W.J.), and Department of Vegetable Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops (S.Y.), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China (H.Z., L.Z., C.X., S.L., H.C.)
- College of Agronomy, Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China (H.L.)
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China (C.Z., R.L.); and
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China (H.Z.)
| | - Huabang Chen
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, MOE Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (X.C., H.S., Z.D., W.J.), and Department of Vegetable Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops (S.Y.), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China (H.Z., L.Z., C.X., S.L., H.C.);
- College of Agronomy, Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China (H.L.);
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China (C.Z., R.L.); and
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China (H.Z.)
| | - Weiwei Jin
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, MOE Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (X.C., H.S., Z.D., W.J.), and Department of Vegetable Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops (S.Y.), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China (H.Z., L.Z., C.X., S.L., H.C.);
- College of Agronomy, Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China (H.L.);
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China (C.Z., R.L.); and
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China (H.Z.)
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91
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Carrizo García C, Nepi M, Pacini E. It is a matter of timing: asynchrony during pollen development and its consequences on pollen performance in angiosperms-a review. PROTOPLASMA 2017; 254:57-73. [PMID: 26872476 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-016-0950-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Functional pollen is needed to successfully complete fertilization. Pollen is formed inside the anthers following a specific sequence of developmental stages, from microsporocyte meiosis to pollen release, that concerns microsporocytes/microspores and anther wall tissues. The processes involved may not be synchronous within a flower, an anther, and even a microsporangium. Asynchrony has been barely analyzed, and its biological consequences have not been yet assessed. In this review, different processes of pollen development and lifetime, stressing on the possible consequences of their differential timing on pollen performance, are summarized. Development is usually synchronized until microsporocyte meiosis I (occasionally until meiosis II). Afterwards, a period of mostly asynchronous events extends up to anther opening as regards: (1) meiosis II (sometimes); (2) microspore vacuolization and later reduction of vacuoles; (3) amylogenesis, amylolysis, and carbohydrate inter-conversion; (4) the first haploid mitosis; and (5) intine formation. Asynchrony would promote metabolic differences among developing microspores and therefore physiologically heterogeneous pollen grains within a single microsporangium. Asynchrony would increase the effect of competition for resources during development and pollen tube growth and also for water during (re)hydration on the stigma. The differences generated by developmental asynchronies may have an adaptive role since more efficient pollen grains would be selected with regard to homeostasis, desiccation tolerance, resilience, speed of (re)hydration, and germination. The performance of each pollen grain which landed onto the stigma will be the result of a series of selective steps determined by its development, physiological state at maturity, and successive environmental constrains.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Massimo Nepi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Ettore Pacini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
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92
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Yoo YH, Nalini Chandran AK, Park JC, Gho YS, Lee SW, An G, Jung KH. OsPhyB-Mediating Novel Regulatory Pathway for Drought Tolerance in Rice Root Identified by a Global RNA-Seq Transcriptome Analysis of Rice Genes in Response to Water Deficiencies. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:580. [PMID: 28491065 PMCID: PMC5405136 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Water deficiencies are one of the most serious challenges to crop productivity. To improve our understanding of soil moisture stress, we performed RNA-Seq analysis using roots from 4-week-old rice seedlings grown in soil that had been subjected to drought conditions for 2-3 d. In all, 1,098 genes were up-regulated in response to soil moisture stress for 3 d, which causes severe damage in root development after recovery, unlikely that of 2 d. Comparison with previous transcriptome data produced in drought condition indicated that more than 68% of our candidate genes were not previously identified, emphasizing the novelty of our transcriptome analysis for drought response in soil condition. We then validated the expression patterns of two candidate genes using a promoter-GUS reporter system in planta and monitored the stress response with novel molecular markers. An integrating omics tool, MapMan analysis, indicated that RING box E3 ligases in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathways are significantly stimulated by induced drought. We also analyzed the functions of 66 candidate genes that have been functionally investigated previously, suggesting the primary roles of our candidate genes in resistance or tolerance relating traits including drought tolerance (29 genes) through literature searches besides diverse regulatory roles of our candidate genes for morphological traits (15 genes) or physiological traits (22 genes). Of these, we used a T-DNA insertional mutant of rice phytochrome B (OsPhyB) that negatively regulates a plant's degree of tolerance to water deficiencies through the control of total leaf area and stomatal density based on previous finding. Unlike previous result, we found that OsPhyB represses the activity of ascorbate peroxidase and catalase mediating reactive oxygen species (ROS) processing machinery required for drought tolerance of roots in soil condition, suggesting the potential significance of remaining uncharacterized candidate genes for manipulating drought tolerance in rice.
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93
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Kumar M, Gho YS, Jung KH, Kim SR. Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of Genes, Conserved between japonica and indica Rice Cultivars, that Respond to Low-Temperature Stress at the Vegetative Growth Stage. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1120. [PMID: 28713404 PMCID: PMC5491850 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Cold stress is very detrimental to crop production. However, only a few genes in rice have been identified with known functions related to cold tolerance. To meet this agronomic challenge more effectively, researchers must take global approaches to select useful candidate genes and find the major regulatory factors. We used five Gene expression omnibus series data series of Affymetrix array data, produced with cold stress-treated samples from the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/), and identified 502 cold-inducible genes common to both japonica and indica rice cultivars. From them, we confirmed that the expression of two randomly chosen genes was increased by cold stress in planta. In addition, overexpression of OsWRKY71 enhanced cold tolerance in 'Dongjin,' the tested japonica cultivar. Comparisons between japonica and indica rice, based on calculations of plant survival rates and chlorophyll fluorescence, confirmed that the japonica rice was more cold-tolerant. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis indicate that the 'L-phenylalanine catabolic process,' within the Biological Process category, was the most highly overrepresented under cold-stress conditions, implying its significance in that response in rice. MapMan analysis classified 'Major Metabolic' processes and 'Regulatory Gene Modules' as two other major determinants of the cold-stress response and suggested several key cis-regulatory elements. Based on these results, we proposed a model that includes a pathway for cold stress-responsive signaling. Results from our functional analysis of the main signal transduction and transcription regulation factors identified in that pathway will provide insight into novel regulatory metabolism(s), as well as a foundation by which we can develop crop plants with enhanced cold tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manu Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, Sogang UniversitySeoul, South Korea
| | - Yun-Shil Gho
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee UniversityYongin, South Korea
| | - Ki-Hong Jung
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee UniversityYongin, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Seong-Ryong Kim, Ki-Hong Jung,
| | - Seong-Ryong Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Sogang UniversitySeoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Seong-Ryong Kim, Ki-Hong Jung,
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94
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Men X, Shi J, Liang W, Zhang Q, Lian G, Quan S, Zhu L, Luo Z, Chen M, Zhang D. Glycerol-3-Phosphate Acyltransferase 3 (OsGPAT3) is required for anther development and male fertility in rice. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:513-526. [PMID: 28082511 PMCID: PMC6055571 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Lipid molecules are key structural components of plant male reproductive organs, such as the anther and pollen. Although advances have been made in the understanding of acyl lipids in plant reproduction, the metabolic pathways of other lipid compounds, particularly glycerolipids, are not fully understood. Here we report that an endoplasmic reticulum-localized enzyme, Glycerol-3-Phosphate Acyltransferase 3 (OsGPAT3), plays an indispensable role in anther development and pollen formation in rice. OsGPAT3 is preferentially expressed in the tapetum and microspores of the anther. Compared with wild-type plants, the osgpat3 mutant displays smaller, pale yellow anthers with defective anther cuticle, degenerated pollen with defective exine, and abnormal tapetum development and degeneration. Anthers of the osgpat3 mutant have dramatic reductions of all aliphatic lipid contents. The defective cuticle and pollen phenotype coincide well with the down-regulation of sets of genes involved in lipid metabolism and regulation of anther development. Taking these findings together, this work reveals the indispensable role of a monocot-specific glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase in male reproduction in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Men
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University and University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianxin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University and University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanqi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University and University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianfei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University and University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gaibin Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University and University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University and University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University and University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University and University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingjiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University and University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dabing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University and University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, South Australia, Australia
- Correspondence:
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95
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Chang Z, Chen Z, Yan W, Xie G, Lu J, Wang N, Lu Q, Yao N, Yang G, Xia J, Tang X. An ABC transporter, OsABCG26, is required for anther cuticle and pollen exine formation and pollen-pistil interactions in rice. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 253:21-30. [PMID: 27968990 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Wax, cutin and sporopollenin are essential components for the formation of the anther cuticle and the pollen exine, respectively. Their lipid precursors are synthesized by secretory tapetal cells and transported to the anther and microspore surface for deposition. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the formation of the anther cuticle and pollen exine are poorly understood in rice. Here, we characterized a rice male sterile mutant osabcg26. Molecular cloning and sequence analysis revealed a point mutation in the gene encoding an ATP binding cassette transporter G26 (OsABCG26). OsABCG26 was specifically expressed in the anther and pistil. Cytological analysis revealed defects in tapetal cells, lipidic Ubisch bodies, pollen exine, and anther cuticle in the osabcg26 mutant. Expression of some key genes involved in lipid metabolism and transport, such as UDT1, WDA1, CYP704B2, OsABCG15, OsC4 and OsC6, was significantly altered in osabcg26 anther, possibly due to a disturbance in the homeostasis of anther lipid metabolism and transport. Additionally, wild-type pollen tubes showed a growth defect in osabcg26 pistils, leading to low seed setting in osabcg26 cross-pollinated with the wild-type pollen. These results indicated that OsABCG26 plays an important role in anther cuticle and pollen exine formation and pollen-pistil interactions in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyi Chang
- Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Crop Design, Shenzhen 518107, China; Guangdong Key Lab of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Zhufeng Chen
- Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Crop Design, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Wei Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Gang Xie
- Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Crop Design, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Jiawei Lu
- Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Crop Design, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Na Wang
- Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Crop Design, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Qiqing Lu
- Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Crop Design, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Nan Yao
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Guangzhe Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Jixing Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Tang
- Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Crop Design, Shenzhen 518107, China; Guangdong Key Lab of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
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96
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Li Y, Li D, Guo Z, Shi Q, Xiong S, Zhang C, Zhu J, Yang Z. OsACOS12, an orthologue of Arabidopsis acyl-CoA synthetase5, plays an important role in pollen exine formation and anther development in rice. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2016. [PMID: 27871243 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-016-0943-949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sporopollenin is a major component of the pollen exine pattern. In Arabidopsis, acyl-CoA synthetase5 (ACOS5) is involved in sporopollenin precursor biosynthesis. In this study, we identified its orthologue, OsACOS12, in rice (Oryza sativa) and compared the functional conservation of ACOS in rice to Arabidopsis. RESULTS Sequence analysis showed that OsACOS12 shares 63.9 % amino acid sequence identity with ACOS5. The osacos12 mutation caused by a pre-mature stop codon in LOC_Os04g24530 exhibits defective sexine resulting in a male sterile phenotype in rice. In situ hybridization shows that OsACOS12 is expressed in tapetal cells and microspores at the transcript level. The localization of OsACOS12-GFP demonstrated that OsACOS12 protein is accumulated in tapetal cells and anther locules. OsACOS12 driven by the ACOS5 promoter could partially restore the male fertility of the acos5 mutant in Arabidopsis. CONCLUSIONS OsACOS12 is an orthologue of ACOS5 that is essential for sporopollenin synthesis in rice. ACOS5 and OsACOS12 are conserved for pollen wall formation in monocot and dicot species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueling Li
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Dandan Li
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Zongli Guo
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Qiangsheng Shi
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Shuangxi Xiong
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234, China.
| | - Zhongnan Yang
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234, China.
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97
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Li Y, Li D, Guo Z, Shi Q, Xiong S, Zhang C, Zhu J, Yang Z. OsACOS12, an orthologue of Arabidopsis acyl-CoA synthetase5, plays an important role in pollen exine formation and anther development in rice. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 16:256. [PMID: 27871243 PMCID: PMC5117612 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-016-0943-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sporopollenin is a major component of the pollen exine pattern. In Arabidopsis, acyl-CoA synthetase5 (ACOS5) is involved in sporopollenin precursor biosynthesis. In this study, we identified its orthologue, OsACOS12, in rice (Oryza sativa) and compared the functional conservation of ACOS in rice to Arabidopsis. RESULTS Sequence analysis showed that OsACOS12 shares 63.9 % amino acid sequence identity with ACOS5. The osacos12 mutation caused by a pre-mature stop codon in LOC_Os04g24530 exhibits defective sexine resulting in a male sterile phenotype in rice. In situ hybridization shows that OsACOS12 is expressed in tapetal cells and microspores at the transcript level. The localization of OsACOS12-GFP demonstrated that OsACOS12 protein is accumulated in tapetal cells and anther locules. OsACOS12 driven by the ACOS5 promoter could partially restore the male fertility of the acos5 mutant in Arabidopsis. CONCLUSIONS OsACOS12 is an orthologue of ACOS5 that is essential for sporopollenin synthesis in rice. ACOS5 and OsACOS12 are conserved for pollen wall formation in monocot and dicot species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueling Li
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234 China
| | - Dandan Li
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234 China
| | - Zongli Guo
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234 China
| | - Qiangsheng Shi
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234 China
| | - Shuangxi Xiong
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234 China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234 China
| | - Jun Zhu
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234 China
| | - Zhongnan Yang
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234 China
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98
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Khosa JS, Lee R, Bräuning S, Lord J, Pither-Joyce M, McCallum J, Macknight RC. Doubled Haploid 'CUDH2107' as a Reference for Bulb Onion (Allium cepa L.) Research: Development of a Transcriptome Catalogue and Identification of Transcripts Associated with Male Fertility. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166568. [PMID: 27861615 PMCID: PMC5115759 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Researchers working on model plants have derived great benefit from developing genomic and genetic resources using ‘reference’ genotypes. Onion has a large and highly heterozygous genome making the sharing of germplasm and analysis of sequencing data complicated. To simplify the discovery and analysis of genes underlying important onion traits, we are promoting the use of the homozygous double haploid line ‘CUDH2107’ by the onion research community. In the present investigation, we performed transcriptome sequencing on vegetative and reproductive tissues of CUDH2107 to develop a multi-organ reference transcriptome catalogue. A total of 396 million 100 base pair paired reads was assembled using the Trinity pipeline, resulting in 271,665 transcript contigs. This dataset was analysed for gene ontology and transcripts were classified on the basis of putative biological processes, molecular function and cellular localization. Significant differences were observed in transcript expression profiles between different tissues. To demonstrate the utility of our CUDH2107 transcriptome catalogue for understanding the genetic and molecular basis of various traits, we identified orthologues of rice genes involved in male fertility and flower development. These genes provide an excellent starting point for studying the molecular regulation, and the engineering of reproductive traits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robyn Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Sophia Bräuning
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Department of Botany, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Janice Lord
- Department of Botany, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - John McCallum
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - Richard C. Macknight
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research, Lincoln, New Zealand
- * E-mail:
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99
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Xia S, Wang Z, Zhang H, Hu K, Zhang Z, Qin M, Dun X, Yi B, Wen J, Ma C, Shen J, Fu T, Tu J. Altered Transcription and Neofunctionalization of Duplicated Genes Rescue the Harmful Effects of a Chimeric Gene in Brassica napus. THE PLANT CELL 2016; 28:2060-2078. [PMID: 27559024 PMCID: PMC5059798 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.16.00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Chimeric genes contribute to the evolution of diverse functions in plants and animals. However, new chimeric genes also increase the risk of developmental defects. Here, we show that the chimeric gene Brassica napus male sterile 4 (Bnams4b ) is responsible for genic male sterility in the widely used canola line 7365A (Bnams3 ms3ms4bms4b ). Bnams4b originated via exon shuffling ∼4.6 million years ago. It causes defects in the normal functions of plastids and induces aborted anther formation and/or albino leaves and buds. Evidence of the age of the mutation, its tissue expression pattern, and its sublocalization indicated that it coevolved with BnaC9.Tic40 (BnaMs3). In Arabidopsis thaliana, Bnams4b results in complete male sterility that can be rescued by BnaC9.Tic40, suggesting that BnaC9.Tic40 might restore fertility through effects on protein level. Another suppressor gene, Bnams4a , rescues sterility by reducing the level of transcription of Bnams4b Our results suggest that Brassica plants have coevolved altered transcription patterns and neofunctionalization of duplicated genes that can block developmental defects resulting from detrimental chimeric genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengqian Xia
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Sub-Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhixin Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Sub-Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Sub-Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Kaining Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Sub-Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Sub-Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Maomao Qin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Sub-Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaoling Dun
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Sub-Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Bin Yi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Sub-Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jing Wen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Sub-Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chaozhi Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Sub-Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jinxiong Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Sub-Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tingdong Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Sub-Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jinxing Tu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Sub-Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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100
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Chawla M, Verma V, Kapoor M, Kapoor S. A novel application of periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining and fluorescence imaging for analysing tapetum and microspore development. Histochem Cell Biol 2016; 147:103-110. [PMID: 27565968 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-016-1481-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The precisely timed process of tapetum development and its degradation involving programmed cell death is an important molecular event during anther development. Through its degeneration, the tapetum not only provides nutritive substances to the developing microspores but also contributes to the pollen wall by way of sporopollenin, which is a complex mixture of biopolymers, containing long-chain fatty acids, phenylpropanoids, phenolics and traces of carotenoids. A number of dyes and staining methods have been used to visualize tapetal structure and its components by using light microscopy techniques, but none of these methods could differentially stain and thus distinguish tapetal cells from other cell types of anther wall. While analysing progression of tapetum development in different cell types in rice anthers, we discovered a unique property of periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stain, which upon interaction with some specific component(s) in tapetal cells and developing microspores emits fluorescence at ~620 nm. In rice anthers, the PAS-associated fluorescence could be observed initially in tapetum and developing microspores, and subsequent to degeneration of tapetum, the fluorescence was found to emanate mainly from the pollen wall. We also show that PAS-dependent fluorescence in tapetal cells is distinct from the autofluorescence resulting from pollen wall components and is also not caused by interaction of PAS with pollen starch. Henceforth, this novel fluorescence property of PAS stain could prove to be a new tool in the toolkit of developmental biologists to analyse different aspects of tapetum development and its degeneration with little more ease and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrinalini Chawla
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Interdisciplinary Centre for Plant Genomics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Vibha Verma
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Interdisciplinary Centre for Plant Genomics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Meenu Kapoor
- University School of Biotechnology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110078, India
| | - Sanjay Kapoor
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Interdisciplinary Centre for Plant Genomics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India.
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