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Xia J, Kong M, Yang Z, Sun L, Peng Y, Mao Y, Wei H, Ying W, Gao Y, Friml J, Weng J, Liu X, Sun L, Tan S. Chemical inhibition of Arabidopsis PIN-FORMED auxin transporters by the anti-inflammatory drug naproxen. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 4:100632. [PMID: 37254481 PMCID: PMC10721474 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2023.100632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The phytohormone auxin plays central roles in many growth and developmental processes in plants. Development of chemical tools targeting the auxin pathway is useful for both plant biology and agriculture. Here we reveal that naproxen, a synthetic compound with anti-inflammatory activity in humans, acts as an auxin transport inhibitor targeting PIN-FORMED (PIN) transporters in plants. Physiological experiments indicate that exogenous naproxen treatment affects pleiotropic auxin-regulated developmental processes. Additional cellular and biochemical evidence indicates that naproxen suppresses auxin transport, specifically PIN-mediated auxin efflux. Moreover, biochemical and structural analyses confirm that naproxen binds directly to PIN1 protein via the same binding cavity as the indole-3-acetic acid substrate. Thus, by combining cellular, biochemical, and structural approaches, this study clearly establishes that naproxen is a PIN inhibitor and elucidates the underlying mechanisms. Further use of this compound may advance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of PIN-mediated auxin transport and expand our toolkit in auxin biology and agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xia
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Mengjuan Kong
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Zhisen Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Lianghanxiao Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Yakun Peng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Yanbo Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Hong Wei
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Wei Ying
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Yongxiang Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Jiří Friml
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Jianping Weng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China.
| | - Xin Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China.
| | - Linfeng Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China.
| | - Shutang Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China; Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China.
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52
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Huang M, Chen J, Yang X, Zheng Y, Ma Y, Sun K, Han N, Bian H, Qiu T, Wang J. A unique mutation in PIN-FORMED1 and a genetic pathway for reduced sensitivity of Arabidopsis roots to N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14120. [PMID: 38148206 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
The small chemical N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA) has long been used as a polar auxin transport inhibitor. Recent biochemical and structural investigations have revealed that this molecule competes with the auxin IAA (indole-3-acetic acid) inside the PIN-FORMED auxin efflux carriers. However, the existence of any mutations in PIN family proteins capable of uncoupling the docking of IAA from NPA remains unclear. We report that Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings overexpressing SMALL AUXIN UP RNA 41 were hypersensitive to NPA-induced root elongation inhibition. We mutagenized this line to improve the genetic screening efficiency for NPA hyposensitivity mutants. Using bulked segregation analysis and mapping-by-sequencing assessment of these mutants, we identified a core genetic pathway for NPA-induced root elongation inhibition, including genes required for auxin biosynthesis, transportation, and signaling. To evaluate specific changes of auxin signaling activity in mutant roots before and after NPA treatment, the DR5::GFP/DR5::YFP markers were introduced and observed. Most importantly, we discovered a unique mutation in the PIN1 protein, substituting a proline residue with leucine at position 584, leading to a loss of NPA sensitivity while keeping the auxin efflux capacity. Transforming the null mutant pin1-201 with the PIN1::PIN1P584L -GFP fusion construct rescued the PIN1 function and provided NPA hyposensitivity. The proline residue is predicted to be adjacent to a hinge in the middle region of the ninth transmembrane helix of PIN1 and is conserved from moss to higher plants. Our work may bring new insights into the engineering of NPA-resistant PINs for auxin biology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhua Huang
- Institute of Genetics and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Institute of Genetics and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinxing Yang
- Institute of Genetics and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanyan Zheng
- Institute of Genetics and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Ma
- Institute of Genetics and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kai Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ning Han
- Institute of Genetics and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongwu Bian
- Institute of Genetics and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junhui Wang
- Institute of Genetics and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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53
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Hong L, Fletcher JC. Stem Cells: Engines of Plant Growth and Development. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14889. [PMID: 37834339 PMCID: PMC10573764 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of both animals and plants relies on populations of pluripotent stem cells that provide the cellular raw materials for organ and tissue formation. Plant stem cell reservoirs are housed at the shoot and root tips in structures called meristems, with the shoot apical meristem (SAM) continuously producing aerial leaf, stem, and flower organs throughout the life cycle. Thus, the SAM acts as the engine of plant development and has unique structural and molecular features that allow it to balance self-renewal with differentiation and act as a constant source of new cells for organogenesis while simultaneously maintaining a stem cell reservoir for future organ formation. Studies have identified key roles for intercellular regulatory networks that establish and maintain meristem activity, including the KNOX transcription factor pathway and the CLV-WUS stem cell feedback loop. In addition, the plant hormones cytokinin and auxin act through their downstream signaling pathways in the SAM to integrate stem cell activity and organ initiation. This review discusses how the various regulatory pathways collectively orchestrate SAM function and touches on how their manipulation can alter stem cell activity to improve crop yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Hong
- Plant Gene Expression Center, United States Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, Albany, CA 94710, USA;
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jennifer C. Fletcher
- Plant Gene Expression Center, United States Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, Albany, CA 94710, USA;
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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54
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Pukyšová V, Sans Sánchez A, Rudolf J, Nodzyński T, Zwiewka M. Arabidopsis flippase ALA3 is required for adjustment of early subcellular trafficking in plant response to osmotic stress. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:4959-4977. [PMID: 37353222 PMCID: PMC10498020 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
To compensate for their sessile lifestyle, plants developed several responses to exogenous changes. One of the previously investigated and not yet fully understood adaptations occurs at the level of early subcellular trafficking, which needs to be rapidly adjusted to maintain cellular homeostasis and membrane integrity under osmotic stress conditions. To form a vesicle, the membrane needs to be deformed, which is ensured by multiple factors, including the activity of specific membrane proteins, such as flippases from the family of P4-ATPases. The membrane pumps actively translocate phospholipids from the exoplasmic/luminal to the cytoplasmic membrane leaflet to generate curvature, which might be coupled with recruitment of proteins involved in vesicle formation at specific sites of the donor membrane. We show that lack of the AMINOPHOSPHOLIPID ATPASE3 (ALA3) flippase activity caused defects at the plasma membrane and trans-Golgi network, resulting in altered endocytosis and secretion, processes relying on vesicle formation and movement. The mentioned cellular defects were translated into decreased intracellular trafficking flexibility failing to adjust the root growth on osmotic stress-eliciting media. In conclusion, we show that ALA3 cooperates with ARF-GEF BIG5/BEN1 and ARF1A1C/BEX1 in a similar regulatory pathway to vesicle formation, and together they are important for plant adaptation to osmotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vendula Pukyšová
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University (MU), Kamenice 5, CZ 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Adrià Sans Sánchez
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University (MU), Kamenice 5, CZ 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Rudolf
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University (MU), Kamenice 5, CZ 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomasz Nodzyński
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University (MU), Kamenice 5, CZ 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marta Zwiewka
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University (MU), Kamenice 5, CZ 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
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Melnyk CW. Quantitative regeneration: Skoog and Miller revisited. QUANTITATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 4:e10. [PMID: 37706182 PMCID: PMC10495819 DOI: 10.1017/qpb.2023.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
In 1957, Skoog and Miller published their seminal work on the effects of hormones upon plant growth. By varying the concentrations of auxin and cytokinin, they observed dramatic differences in shoot and root growth from tobacco stem cultures. Their finding that quantitative differences in hormone concentrations could dramatically alter the fate of developing organs provided a foundation for understanding organ formation and tissue regeneration. Their in vitro assays established plant propagation techniques that were critical for regenerating transgenic plants. Here, I discuss their original paper, what led to their findings and its impact on our understanding of hormone interactions, how plants regenerate and in vitro tissue culture techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles W. Melnyk
- Department of Plant Biology, Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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56
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Pasternak T, Kircher S, Palme K, Pérez-Pérez JM. Regulation of early seedling establishment and root development in Arabidopsis thaliana by light and carbohydrates. PLANTA 2023; 258:76. [PMID: 37670114 PMCID: PMC10480265 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04226-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Root development is regulated by sucrose and light during early seedling establishment through changes in the auxin response and chromatin topology. Light is a key environmental signal that regulates plant growth and development. The impact of light on development is primarily analyzed in the above-ground tissues, but little is known about the mechanisms by which light shapes the architecture of underground roots. Our study shows that carbohydrate starvation during skotomorphogenesis is accompanied by compaction of nuclei in the root apical meristem, which prevents cell cycle progression and leads to irreversible root differentiation in the absence of external carbohydrates, as evidenced by the lack of DNA replication and increased numbers of nuclei with specific chromatin characteristics. In these conditions, induction of photomorphogenesis was unable to restore seedling growth, as overall root growth was compromised. The addition of carbohydrates, either locally or systemically by transferring seedlings to sugar-containing medium, led to the induction of adventitious root formation with rapid recovery of seedling growth. Conversely, transferring in vitro carbohydrate-grown seedlings from light to dark transiently promoted cell elongation and significantly reduced root meristem size, but did not primarily affect cell cycle kinetics. We show that, in the presence of sucrose, dark incubation does not affect zonation in the root apical meristem but leads to shortening of the proliferative and transition zones. Sugar starvation led to a rapid increase in lysine demethylation of histone H3 at position K9, which preceded a rapid decline in cell cycle activity and activation of cell differentiation. In conclusion, carbohydrates are required for cell cycle activity, epigenetics reprogramming and for postmitotic cell elongation and auxin-regulated response in the root apical meristem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taras Pasternak
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain
- Faculty for Biology, Institute of Biology II/Molecular Plant Physiology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kircher
- Faculty for Biology, Institute of Biology II/Molecular Plant Physiology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Palme
- Faculty for Biology, Institute of Biology II/Molecular Plant Physiology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Centre for BioSystems Analysis, BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- ScreenSYSGmbH, Engesserstr. 4a, Freiburg, 79108 Germany
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57
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Roychoudhry S, Sageman-Furnas K, Wolverton C, Grones P, Tan S, Molnár G, De Angelis M, Goodman HL, Capstaff N, Lloyd JPB, Mullen J, Hangarter R, Friml J, Kepinski S. Antigravitropic PIN polarization maintains non-vertical growth in lateral roots. NATURE PLANTS 2023; 9:1500-1513. [PMID: 37666965 PMCID: PMC10505559 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-023-01478-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Lateral roots are typically maintained at non-vertical angles with respect to gravity. These gravitropic setpoint angles are intriguing because their maintenance requires that roots are able to effect growth response both with and against the gravity vector, a phenomenon previously attributed to gravitropism acting against an antigravitropic offset mechanism. Here we show how the components mediating gravitropism in the vertical primary root-PINs and phosphatases acting upon them-are reconfigured in their regulation such that lateral root growth at a range of angles can be maintained. We show that the ability of Arabidopsis lateral roots to bend both downward and upward requires the generation of auxin asymmetries and is driven by angle-dependent variation in downward gravitropic auxin flux acting against angle-independent upward, antigravitropic flux. Further, we demonstrate a symmetry in auxin distribution in lateral roots at gravitropic setpoint angle that can be traced back to a net, balanced polarization of PIN3 and PIN7 auxin transporters in the columella. These auxin fluxes are shifted by altering PIN protein phosphoregulation in the columella, either by introducing PIN3 phosphovariant versions or via manipulation of levels of the phosphatase subunit PP2A/RCN1. Finally, we show that auxin, in addition to driving lateral root directional growth, acts within the lateral root columella to induce more vertical growth by increasing RCN1 levels, causing a downward shift in PIN3 localization, thereby diminishing the magnitude of the upward, antigravitropic auxin flux.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katelyn Sageman-Furnas
- School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Peter Grones
- Institute of Science and Technology, Vienna, Austria
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Shutang Tan
- Institute of Science and Technology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gergely Molnár
- Institute of Science and Technology, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Heather L Goodman
- School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Tropic Biosciences Ltd, Norwich Research Park Innovation Centre, Norwich, UK
| | - Nicola Capstaff
- School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Department of Science, Innovation and Technology, UK Government, London, UK
| | - James P B Lloyd
- University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jack Mullen
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences & Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Roger Hangarter
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Jiří Friml
- Institute of Science and Technology, Vienna, Austria
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58
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Tao L, Zhu H, Huang Q, Xiao X, Luo Y, Wang H, Li Y, Li X, Liu J, Jásik J, Chen Y, Shabala S, Baluška F, Shi W, Shi L, Yu M. PIN2/3/4 auxin carriers mediate root growth inhibition under conditions of boron deprivation in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 115:1357-1376. [PMID: 37235684 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The mechanistic basis by which boron (B) deprivation inhibits root growth via the mediation of root apical auxin transport and distribution remains elusive. This study showed that B deprivation repressed root growth of wild-type Arabidopsis seedlings, which was related to higher auxin accumulation (observed with DII-VENUS and DR5-GFP lines) in B-deprived roots. Boron deprivation elevated the auxin content in the root apex, coinciding with upregulation of the expression levels of auxin biosynthesis-related genes (TAA1, YUC3, YUC9, and NIT1) in shoots, but not in root apices. Phenotyping experiments using auxin transport-related mutants revealed that the PIN2/3/4 carriers are involved in root growth inhibition caused by B deprivation. B deprivation not only upregulated the transcriptional levels of PIN2/3/4, but also restrained the endocytosis of PIN2/3/4 carriers (observed with PIN-Dendra2 lines), resulting in elevated protein levels of PIN2/3/4 in the plasma membrane. Overall, these results suggest that B deprivation not only enhances auxin biosynthesis in shoots by elevating the expression levels of auxin biosynthesis-related genes but also promotes the polar auxin transport from shoots to roots by upregulating the gene expression levels of PIN2/3/4, as well as restraining the endocytosis of PIN2/3/4 carriers, ultimately resulting in auxin accumulation in root apices and root growth inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Tao
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology & Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430000, China
- Microelement Research Center/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hu Zhu
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology & Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Qiuyu Huang
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology & Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Xiaoyi Xiao
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology & Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Ying Luo
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology & Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Hui Wang
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology & Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Yalin Li
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology & Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Xuewen Li
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology & Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Jiayou Liu
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology & Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Ján Jásik
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Yinglong Chen
- School of Agriculture and Environment & Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia
| | - Sergey Shabala
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology & Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
- Tasmanian Institute for Agriculture, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia
| | - František Baluška
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, D-53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Weiming Shi
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology & Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
- Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Nanjing, 210018, China
| | - Lei Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430000, China
- Microelement Research Center/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Min Yu
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology & Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Solanki M, Shukla LI. Recent advances in auxin biosynthesis and homeostasis. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:290. [PMID: 37547917 PMCID: PMC10400529 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03709-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The plant proliferation is linked with auxins which in turn play a pivotal role in the rate of growth. Also, auxin concentrations could provide insights into the age, stress, and events leading to flowering and fruiting in the sessile plant kingdom. The role in rejuvenation and plasticity is now evidenced. Interest in plant auxins spans many decades, information from different plant families for auxin concentrations, transcriptional, and epigenetic evidences for gene regulation is evaluated here, for getting an insight into pattern of auxin biosynthesis. This biosynthesis takes place via an tryptophan-independent and tryptophan-dependent pathway. The independent pathway initiated before the tryptophan (trp) production involves indole as the primary substrate. On the other hand, the trp-dependent IAA pathway passes through the indole pyruvic acid (IPyA), indole-3-acetaldoxime (IAOx), and indole acetamide (IAM) pathways. Investigations on trp-dependent pathways involved mutants, namely yucca (1-11), taa1, nit1, cyp79b and cyp79b2, vt2 and crd, and independent mutants of tryptophan, ins are compiled here. The auxin conjugates of the IAA amide and ester-linked mutant gh3, iar, ilr, ill, iamt1, ugt, and dao are remarkable and could facilitate the assimilation of auxins. Efforts are made herein to provide an up-to-date detailed information about biosynthesis leading to plant sustenance. The vast information about auxin biosynthesis and homeostasis is consolidated in this review with a simplified model of auxin biosynthesis with keys and clues for important missing links since auxins can enable the plants to proliferate and override the environmental influence and needs to be probed for applications in sustainable agriculture. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03709-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Solanki
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Pondicherry, 605014 India
- Puducherry, India
| | - Lata Israni Shukla
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Pondicherry, 605014 India
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Marconi M, Wabnik K. Computer models of cell polarity establishment in plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:42-53. [PMID: 37144853 PMCID: PMC10469401 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Plant development is a complex task, and many processes involve changes in the asymmetric subcellular distribution of cell components that strongly depend on cell polarity. Cell polarity regulates anisotropic growth and polar localization of membrane proteins and helps to identify the cell's position relative to its neighbors within an organ. Cell polarity is critical in a variety of plant developmental processes, including embryogenesis, cell division, and response to external stimuli. The most conspicuous downstream effect of cell polarity is the polar transport of the phytohormone auxin, which is the only known hormone transported in a polar fashion in and out of cells by specialized exporters and importers. The biological processes behind the establishment of cell polarity are still unknown, and researchers have proposed several models that have been tested using computer simulations. The evolution of computer models has progressed in tandem with scientific discoveries, which have highlighted the importance of genetic, chemical, and mechanical input in determining cell polarity and regulating polarity-dependent processes such as anisotropic growth, protein subcellular localization, and the development of organ shapes. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of computer models of cell polarity establishment in plants, focusing on the molecular and cellular mechanisms, the proteins involved, and the current state of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Marconi
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA/CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Krzysztof Wabnik
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA/CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
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61
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Rudall PJ. Stomatal development and orientation: a phylogenetic and ecophysiological perspective. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2023; 131:1039-1050. [PMID: 37288594 PMCID: PMC10457030 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcad071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oriented patterning of epidermal cells is achieved primarily by transverse protodermal cell divisions perpendicular to the organ axis, followed by axial cell elongation. In linear leaves with parallel venation, most stomata are regularly aligned with the veins. This longitudinal patterning operates under a strong developmental constraint and has demonstrable physiological benefits, especially in grasses. However, transversely oriented stomata characterize a few groups, among both living angiosperms and extinct Mesozoic seed plants. SCOPE This review examines comparative and developmental data on stomatal patterning in a broad phylogenetic context, focusing on the evolutionary and ecophysiological significance of guard-cell orientation. It draws from a diverse range of literature to explore the pivotal roles of the plant growth hormone auxin in establishing polarity and chemical gradients that enable cellular differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Transverse stomata evolved iteratively in a few seed-plant groups during the Mesozoic era, especially among parasitic or xerophytic taxa, such as the hemiparasitic mistletoe genus Viscum and the xerophytic shrub Casuarina, indicating a possible link with ecological factors such as the Cretaceous CO2 decline and changing water availability. The discovery of this feature in some extinct seed-plant taxa known only from fossils could represent a useful phylogenetic marker.
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62
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Tan C, Liang M, Luo Q, Zhang T, Wang W, Li S, Men S. AUX1, PIN3, and TAA1 collectively maintain fertility in Arabidopsis. PLANTA 2023; 258:68. [PMID: 37598130 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04219-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION We found that auxin synthesis gene TAA1 and auxin polar transport genes AUX1 and PIN3 collectively maintain fertility and seed size in Arabidopsis. Auxin plays a vital role in plant gametophyte development and embryogenesis. The auxin synthesis gene TAA1 and the auxin polar transport genes AUX1 and PIN3 are expressed during Arabidopsis gametophyte and seed development. However, aux1, pin3, and taa1 single mutants only exhibit mild reproductive defects. We, therefore, generated aux1-T pin3 taa1-k2 and aux1-T pin3-2 taa1-k1 triple mutants by crossing or CRISPR/Cas9 technique. These triple mutants displayed severe reproductive defects with approximately 70% and 77%, respectively, of the siliques failing to elongate after anthesis. Reciprocal crosses and microscopy analyses showed that the development of pollen and ovules in the aux1 pin3 taa1 mutants was normal, whereas the filaments were remarkably short, which might be the cause of the silique sterility. Further analyses indicated that the development and morphology of aux1 pin3 taa1 seeds were normal, but their size was smaller compared with that of the wild type. These results indicate that AUX1, PIN3, and TAA1 act in concert to maintain fertility and seed size in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Tan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Mengxiao Liang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Qiong Luo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Tan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Wenhui Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Suxin Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Shuzhen Men
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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63
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Parrey ZA, Shah SH, Mohammad F, Siddiqui MH, Alamri S, Kalaji HM. Exogenous epibrassinolide application improves essential oil biosynthesis and trichome development in peppermint via modulating growth and physicochemical processes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12924. [PMID: 37558811 PMCID: PMC10412686 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40210-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Peppermint has gained a promising status due to the presence of a high proportion of bioactive compounds, especially menthol. Due to its pharmacological efficacy, the demand for its plant-based bioactive compounds necessitates its cultivation worldwide. Brassinosteroids are polyhydroxylated sterol derivatives that regulate diverse processes and control many agronomic traits during plant growth and development. A factorial randomised pot experiment was performed in the net house to investigate the effect of 24-Epibrassinolide (EBL) on the growth, physiology, essential oil content, stomatal behaviour and trichome development of the three cultivars of peppermint. Four levels of foliage-applied EBL, viz. 0, 10-5, 10-6 and 10-7 M were applied to the three cultivars of peppermint (Kukrail, Pranjal and Tushar). Among the different treatments of EBL, the application of 10-6 M increased shoot length by 38.84, 37.59 and 36.91%, root length by 36.73, 29.44 and 33.47%, chlorophyll content by 24.20, 22.48 and 23.32%, PN by 32.88, 32.61 and 33.61%, EO content by 32.72, 30.00 and 28.84%, EO yield per plant by 66.66, 77.77 and 73.33% and menthol yield per plant by 127.27, 110 and 118.18% in Kukrail, Tushar and Pranjal respectively, compared with their respective control plants. Further, the 10-6 M EBL exhibited improved trichome size and density, cellular viability and menthol content of the oil analysed from scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy and GC-MS respectively as compared to the control. In conclusion, out of different levels of EBL, two sprays of 10-6 M EBL proved effective in enhancing the morphophysiological features and productivity of mint plants, particularly for cultivar Kukrail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubair Ahmad Parrey
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Sajad Hussain Shah
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Firoz Mohammad
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
| | - Manzer H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Alamri
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw, University of Life Sciences SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
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64
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Lomin SN, Kolachevskaya OO, Arkhipov DV, Romanov GA. Canonical and Alternative Auxin Signaling Systems in Mono-, Di-, and Tetraploid Potatoes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11408. [PMID: 37511169 PMCID: PMC10380454 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
It has long been known that the phytohormone auxin plays a promoting role in tuber formation and stress tolerance in potatoes. Our study aimed to identify and characterize the complete sets of auxin-related genes that presumably constitute the entire auxin signaling system in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). The corresponding genes were retrieved from sequenced genomes of the doubled monoploid S. tuberosum DM1-3-516-R44 (DM) of the Phureja group, the heterozygous diploid line RH89-039-16 (RH), and the autotetraploid cultivar Otava. Both canonical and noncanonical auxin signaling pathways were considered. Phylogenetic and domain analyses of deduced proteins were supplemented by expression profiling and 3D molecular modeling. The canonical and ABP1-mediated pathways of auxin signaling appeared to be well conserved. The total number of potato genes/proteins presumably involved in canonical auxin signaling is 46 and 108 in monoploid DM and tetraploid Otava, respectively. Among the studied potatoes, spectra of expressed genes obviously associated with auxin signaling were partly cultivar-specific and quite different from analogous spectrum in Arabidopsis. Most of the noncanonical pathways found in Arabidopsis appeared to have low probability in potato. This was equally true for all cultivars used irrespective of their ploidy. Thus, some important features of the (noncanonical) auxin signaling pathways may be variable and species-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey N Lomin
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oksana O Kolachevskaya
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry V Arkhipov
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia
| | - Georgy A Romanov
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia
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65
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Zhang J, Zhao P, Chen S, Sun L, Mao J, Tan S, Xiang C. The ABI3-ERF1 module mediates ABA-auxin crosstalk to regulate lateral root emergence. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112809. [PMID: 37450369 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is involved in lateral root (LR) development, but how ABA signaling interacts with auxin signaling to regulate LR formation is not well understood. Here, we report that ABA-responsive ERF1 mediates the crosstalk between ABA and auxin signaling to regulate Arabidopsis LR emergence. ABI3 is a negative factor in LR emergence and transcriptionally activates ERF1 by binding to its promoter, and reciprocally, ERF1 activates ABI3, which forms a regulatory loop that enables rapid signal amplification. Notably, ABI3 physically interacts with ERF1, reducing the cis element-binding activities of both ERF1 and ABI3 and thus attenuating the expression of ERF1-/ABI3-regulated genes involved in LR emergence and ABA signaling, such as PIN1, AUX1, ARF7, and ABI5, which may provide a molecular rheostat to avoid overamplification of auxin and ABA signaling. Taken together, our findings identify the role of the ABI3-ERF1 module in mediating crosstalk between ABA and auxin signaling in LR emergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Pingxia Zhao
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China.
| | - Siyan Chen
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Liangqi Sun
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Jieli Mao
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Shutang Tan
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Chengbin Xiang
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China.
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66
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Pérez-Pérez Y, Solís MT, Albacete A, Testillano PS. Opposite Auxin Dynamics Determine the Gametophytic and Embryogenic Fates of the Microspore. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11177. [PMID: 37446349 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The microspore can follow two different developmental pathways. In vivo microspores follow the gametophytic program to produce pollen grains. In vitro, isolated microspores can be reprogrammed by stress treatments and follow the embryogenic program, producing doubled-haploid embryos. In the present study, we analyzed the dynamics and role of endogenous auxin in microspore development during these two different scenarios, in Brassica napus. We analyzed auxin concentration, cellular accumulation, the expression of the TAA1 auxin biosynthesis gene, and the PIN1-like efflux carrier gene, as well as the effects of inhibiting auxin biosynthesis by kynurenine on microspore embryogenesis. During the gametophytic pathway, auxin levels and TAA1 and PIN1-like expression were high at early stages, in tetrads and tapetum, while they progressively decreased during gametogenesis in both pollen and tapetum cells. In contrast, in microspore embryogenesis, TAA1 and PIN1-like genes were upregulated, and auxin concentration increased from the first embryogenic divisions. Kynurenine treatment decreased both embryogenesis induction and embryo production, indicating that auxin biosynthesis is required for microspore embryogenesis initiation and progression. The findings indicate that auxin exhibits two opposite profiles during these two microspore developmental pathways, which determine the different cell fates of the microspore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Pérez-Pérez
- Pollen Biotechnology of Crop Plants Group, Biological Research Center Margarita Salas, CIB-CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Teresa Solís
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Physiology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Albacete
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Center for Edaphology and Applied Biology of Segura, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Pilar S Testillano
- Pollen Biotechnology of Crop Plants Group, Biological Research Center Margarita Salas, CIB-CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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67
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Zhang WJ, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Su YH, Xu T. Protein phosphorylation: A molecular switch in plant signaling. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112729. [PMID: 37405922 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation modification is crucial for signaling transduction in plant development and environmental adaptation. By precisely phosphorylating crucial components in signaling cascades, plants can switch on and off the specific signaling pathways needed for growth or defense. Here, we have summarized recent findings of key phosphorylation events in typical hormone signaling and stress responses. More interestingly, distinct phosphorylation patterns on proteins result in diverse biological functions of these proteins. Thus, we have also highlighted latest findings that show how the different phosphosites of a protein, also named phosphocodes, determine the specificity of downstream signaling in both plant development and stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Jie Zhang
- Plant Synthetic Biology Center, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Yewei Zhou
- Plant Synthetic Biology Center, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Plant Synthetic Biology Center, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ying Hua Su
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China.
| | - Tongda Xu
- Plant Synthetic Biology Center, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
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68
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Jiang L, Yao B, Zhang X, Wu L, Fu Q, Zhao Y, Cao Y, Zhu R, Lu X, Huang W, Zhao J, Li K, Zhao S, Han L, Zhou X, Luo C, Zhu H, Yang J, Huang H, Zhu Z, He X, Friml J, Zhang Z, Liu C, Du Y. Salicylic acid inhibits rice endocytic protein trafficking mediated by OsPIN3t and clathrin to affect root growth. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 115:155-174. [PMID: 37025008 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) plays important roles in different aspects of plant development, including root growth, where auxin is also a major player by means of its asymmetric distribution. However, the mechanism underlying the effect of SA on the development of rice roots remains poorly understood. Here, we show that SA inhibits rice root growth by interfering with auxin transport associated with the OsPIN3t- and clathrin-mediated gene regulatory network (GRN). SA inhibits root growth as well as Brefeldin A-sensitive trafficking through a non-canonical SA signaling mechanism. Transcriptome analysis of rice seedlings treated with SA revealed that the OsPIN3t auxin transporter is at the center of a GRN involving the coat protein clathrin. The root growth and endocytic trafficking in both the pin3t and clathrin heavy chain mutants were SA insensitivity. SA inhibitory effect on the endocytosis of OsPIN3t was dependent on clathrin; however, the root growth and endocytic trafficking mediated by tyrphostin A23 (TyrA23) were independent of the pin3t mutant under SA treatment. These data reveal that SA affects rice root growth through the convergence of transcriptional and non-SA signaling mechanisms involving OsPIN3t-mediated auxin transport and clathrin-mediated trafficking as key components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Jiang
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Biodiversity and Pest Management of Education Ministry of China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Baolin Yao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, 666303, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Biodiversity and Pest Management of Education Ministry of China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Lixia Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Biodiversity and Pest Management of Education Ministry of China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Qijing Fu
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Biodiversity and Pest Management of Education Ministry of China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yiting Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Biodiversity and Pest Management of Education Ministry of China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- Shanxi Agricultural University/Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, The Industrial Crop Institute, Fenyang, 032200, China
| | - Yuxin Cao
- Key Lab of Agricultural Biotechnology of Yunnan Province, Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650205, Yunnan, China
| | - Ruomeng Zhu
- Key Lab of Agricultural Biotechnology of Yunnan Province, Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650205, Yunnan, China
| | - Xinqi Lu
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Wuying Huang
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Jianping Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Biodiversity and Pest Management of Education Ministry of China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Kuixiu Li
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Biodiversity and Pest Management of Education Ministry of China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Shuanglu Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Li Han
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Biodiversity and Pest Management of Education Ministry of China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Biodiversity and Pest Management of Education Ministry of China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Chongyu Luo
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Biodiversity and Pest Management of Education Ministry of China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Haiyan Zhu
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Biodiversity and Pest Management of Education Ministry of China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Jing Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Biodiversity and Pest Management of Education Ministry of China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Huichuan Huang
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Biodiversity and Pest Management of Education Ministry of China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Zhengge Zhu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Xiahong He
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Biodiversity and Pest Management of Education Ministry of China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Jiří Friml
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Zhongkai Zhang
- Key Lab of Agricultural Biotechnology of Yunnan Province, Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650205, Yunnan, China
| | - Changning Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, 666303, Yunnan, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, 666303, Yunnan, China
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, 666303, Yunnan, China
| | - Yunlong Du
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Biodiversity and Pest Management of Education Ministry of China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
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Zhao P, Zhang J, Chen S, Zhang Z, Wan G, Mao J, Wang Z, Tan S, Xiang C. ERF1 inhibits lateral root emergence by promoting local auxin accumulation and repressing ARF7 expression. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112565. [PMID: 37224012 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Lateral roots (LRs) are crucial for plants to sense environmental signals in addition to water and nutrient absorption. Auxin is key for LR formation, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we report that Arabidopsis ERF1 inhibits LR emergence by promoting local auxin accumulation with altered distribution and regulating auxin signaling. Loss of ERF1 increases LR density compared with the wild type, whereas ERF1 overexpression causes the opposite phenotype. ERF1 enhances auxin transport by upregulating PIN1 and AUX1, resulting in excessive auxin accumulation in the endodermal, cortical, and epidermal cells surrounding LR primordia. Furthermore, ERF1 represses ARF7 transcription, thereby downregulating the expression of cell-wall remodeling genes that facilitate LR emergence. Together, our study reveals that ERF1 integrates environmental signals to promote local auxin accumulation with altered distribution and repress ARF7, consequently inhibiting LR emergence in adaptation to fluctuating environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingxia Zhao
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Siyan Chen
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Zisheng Zhang
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Guangyu Wan
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Jieli Mao
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Shutang Tan
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Chengbin Xiang
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China.
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70
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Abualia R, Riegler S, Benkova E. Nitrate, Auxin and Cytokinin-A Trio to Tango. Cells 2023; 12:1613. [PMID: 37371083 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen is an important macronutrient required for plant growth and development, thus directly impacting agricultural productivity. In recent years, numerous studies have shown that nitrogen-driven growth depends on pathways that control nitrate/nitrogen homeostasis and hormonal networks that act both locally and systemically to coordinate growth and development of plant organs. In this review, we will focus on recent advances in understanding the role of the plant hormones auxin and cytokinin and their crosstalk in nitrate-regulated growth and discuss the significance of novel findings and possible missing links.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashed Abualia
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Stefan Riegler
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Eva Benkova
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
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71
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Kuya N, Nishijima R, Kitomi Y, Kawakatsu T, Uga Y. Transcriptome profiles of rice roots under simulated microgravity conditions and following gravistimulation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1193042. [PMID: 37360733 PMCID: PMC10288856 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1193042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Root system architecture affects the efficient uptake of water and nutrients in plants. The root growth angle, which is a critical component in determining root system architecture, is affected by root gravitropism; however, the mechanism of root gravitropism in rice remains largely unknown. In this study, we conducted a time-course transcriptome analysis of rice roots under conditions of simulated microgravity using a three-dimensional clinostat and following gravistimulation to detect candidate genes associated with the gravitropic response. We found that HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN (HSP) genes, which are involved in the regulation of auxin transport, were preferentially up-regulated during simulated microgravity conditions and rapidly down-regulated by gravistimulation. We also found that the transcription factor HEAT STRESS TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR A2s (HSFA2s) and HSFB2s, showed the similar expression patterns with the HSPs. A co-expression network analysis and an in silico motif search within the upstream regions of the co-expressed genes revealed possible transcriptional control of HSPs by HSFs. Because HSFA2s are transcriptional activators, whereas HSFB2s are transcriptional repressors, the results suggest that the gene regulatory networks governed by HSFs modulate the gravitropic response through transcriptional control of HSPs in rice roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Kuya
- Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Ryo Nishijima
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yuka Kitomi
- Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Taiji Kawakatsu
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yusaku Uga
- Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
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72
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Li J, Wang Z, Song C, Nie Y, Li H, Kong M, Cong H, Wang S, Yin N, Hu L, Bermudez RS, He W. Identification of LsLAZY1 gene in Leymus secalinus and validation of its function in Arabidopsis thaliana. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:783-790. [PMID: 37520815 PMCID: PMC10382429 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01326-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Root systems anchor plants to the substrate in addition to transporting water and nutrients, playing a fundamental role in plant survival. The LAZY1 gene mediates gravity signal transduction and participates in root and shoot development and auxin flow in many plants. In this study, a regulator, LsLAZY1, was identified from Leymus secalinus based on previous transcriptome data. The conserved domain and evolutionary relationship were further analyzed comprehensively. The role of LsLAZY1 in root development was investigated by genetic transformation and associated gravity response and phototropism assay. Subcellular localization showed that LsLAZY1 was localized in the nucleus. LsLAZY1 overexpression in Arabidopsis thaliana (Col-0) increased the length of the primary roots (PRs) and the number of lateral roots (LRs) compared to Col-0. Furthermore, 35S:LsLAZY1 transgenic seedlings affected auxin transport and showed a stronger gravitational and phototropic responses. It also promoted auxin accumulation at the root tips. These results indicated that LsLAZY1 affects root development and auxin transport. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-023-01326-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Li
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022 China
| | - Zenghui Wang
- Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai’an, 271000 Shandong China
| | - Chunying Song
- Xilin Gol League Agricultural and Animal Product Quality and Safety Monitoring Center, Xilinhot City, 026000 China
| | - Yanshun Nie
- Fengtang Ecological Agriculture Technology Research and Development Co. LTD, Tai’an, 271000 Shandong China
| | - Hongmei Li
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022 China
| | - Mengmeng Kong
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022 China
| | - Hanhan Cong
- School of Information Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022 China
| | - Siqi Wang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022 China
| | - Ning Yin
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022 China
| | - Linyue Hu
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022 China
| | - Ramon Santos Bermudez
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022 China
| | - Wenxing He
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022 China
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73
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Yang F, Njogu MK, Hesbon O, Wang Y, Lou Q, Cheng C, Zhou J, Li J, Chen J. Epistatic interaction between CsCEN and CsSHBY in regulating indeterminate/determinate growth of lateral branch in cucumber. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:112. [PMID: 37052719 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04350-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Two genetic loci, det-ma (CsCEN) and det-lb, showed epistatic interaction on indeterminate/determinate growth of LB in cucumber. CsSHBY was identified as the candidate gene for det-lb locus. Plant architecture depends on the spatial regulation of meristems from both main axis (MA) and lateral branches (LBs). Fate (indeterminate or determinate) of these meristems is a crucial source of architectural diversity determining crop productivity and management. CENTRORADIALIS/TERMINAL FLOWER 1/SELF-PRUNING (CETS) gene family have been well known as pivotal regulators for indeterminate/determinate growth of MA. Nevertheless, genes that regulate LB indeterminacy/determinacy remained unclear. Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) has typical monopodial growth and multiple lateral branches. Both MA and LBs had indeterminate or determinate growth, and indeterminate/determinate growth of LB was controlled by two distinct loci, det-ma (CsCEN) and det-lb. In our study, based on bulked segregant analysis (BSA) method, the det-lb locus was mapped on a 60.6 kb region on chromosome 1 harboring only one gene CsaV3_1G044330, which encoded a putative vacuolar-sorting protein (designated as CsSHBY). Multipoint mutations in CsSHBY were identified in D082 and D226, compared with CCMC, including nonsynonymous SNP mutations and a 6-bp deletion in exons. Further, qPCR showed that CsSHBY was highly expressed in lateral bud of CCMC, suggesting that CsSHBY might play an active role in regulating indeterminate/determinate growth of LB. Genetic analyses showed that det-ma (CsCEN) had an epistatic effect on det-lb (CsSHBY), and CsCEN could activate CsSHBY promoter by Dual luciferase and GUS activity assays. Meanwhile, Cscen or Csshby was found to influence auxin contents and CsYUCs and CsPINs expression levels. These findings provided new insights into precisely optimizing plant architecture for yield improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Martin Kagiki Njogu
- Department of Plant Science, Chuka University, P.O. Box 109-60400, Chuka, Kenya
| | - Obel Hesbon
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yuhui Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Qunfeng Lou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Chunyan Cheng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Junguo Zhou
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453000, China.
| | - Ji Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Jinfeng Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Chen J, Hu Y, Hao P, Tsering T, Xia J, Zhang Y, Roth O, Njo MF, Sterck L, Hu Y, Zhao Y, Geelen D, Geisler M, Shani E, Beeckman T, Vanneste S. ABCB-mediated shootward auxin transport feeds into the root clock. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e56271. [PMID: 36718777 PMCID: PMC10074126 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202256271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although strongly influenced by environmental conditions, lateral root (LR) positioning along the primary root appears to follow obediently an internal spacing mechanism dictated by auxin oscillations that prepattern the primary root, referred to as the root clock. Surprisingly, none of the hitherto characterized PIN- and ABCB-type auxin transporters seem to be involved in this LR prepatterning mechanism. Here, we characterize ABCB15, 16, 17, 18, and 22 (ABCB15-22) as novel auxin-transporting ABCBs. Knock-down and genome editing of this genetically linked group of ABCBs caused strongly reduced LR densities. These phenotypes were correlated with reduced amplitude, but not reduced frequency of the root clock oscillation. High-resolution auxin transport assays and tissue-specific silencing revealed contributions of ABCB15-22 to shootward auxin transport in the lateral root cap (LRC) and epidermis, thereby explaining the reduced auxin oscillation. Jointly, these data support a model in which LRC-derived auxin contributes to the root clock amplitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and BioinformaticsGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIBGhentBelgium
| | - Yangjie Hu
- School of Plant Sciences and Food SecurityTel‐Aviv UniversityTel‐AvivIsrael
| | - Pengchao Hao
- Department of BiologyUniversity of FribourgFribourgSwitzerland
| | - Tashi Tsering
- Department of BiologyUniversity of FribourgFribourgSwitzerland
| | - Jian Xia
- Department of BiologyUniversity of FribourgFribourgSwitzerland
| | - Yuqin Zhang
- School of Plant Sciences and Food SecurityTel‐Aviv UniversityTel‐AvivIsrael
| | - Ohad Roth
- School of Plant Sciences and Food SecurityTel‐Aviv UniversityTel‐AvivIsrael
| | - Maria F Njo
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and BioinformaticsGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIBGhentBelgium
| | - Lieven Sterck
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and BioinformaticsGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIBGhentBelgium
| | - Yun Hu
- Section of Cell and Developmental BiologyUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Yunde Zhao
- Section of Cell and Developmental BiologyUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Danny Geelen
- Department of Plants and CropsGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Markus Geisler
- Department of BiologyUniversity of FribourgFribourgSwitzerland
| | - Eilon Shani
- School of Plant Sciences and Food SecurityTel‐Aviv UniversityTel‐AvivIsrael
| | - Tom Beeckman
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and BioinformaticsGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIBGhentBelgium
| | - Steffen Vanneste
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and BioinformaticsGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIBGhentBelgium
- Department of Plants and CropsGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Lab of Plant Growth AnalysisGhent University Global CampusIncheonRepublic of Korea
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75
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Jourquin J, Fernandez AI, Wang Q, Xu K, Chen J, Šimura J, Ljung K, Vanneste S, Beeckman T. GOLVEN peptides regulate lateral root spacing as part of a negative feedback loop on the establishment of auxin maxima. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023:erad123. [PMID: 37004244 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Lateral root initiation requires the accumulation of auxin in lateral root founder cells, yielding a local auxin maximum. The positioning of auxin maxima along the primary root determines the density and spacing of lateral roots. The GOLVEN6 (GLV6) and GLV10 signaling peptides and their receptors have been established as regulators of lateral root spacing via their inhibitory effect on lateral root initiation in Arabidopsis. However, it remained unclear how these GLV peptides interfere with auxin signaling or homeostasis. Here, we show that GLV6/10 signaling regulates the expression of a subset of auxin response genes, downstream of the canonical auxin signaling pathway, while simultaneously inhibiting the establishment of auxin maxima within xylem-pole pericycle cells that neighbor lateral root initiation sites. We present genetic evidence that this inhibitory effect relies on the activity of the PIN3 and PIN7 auxin export proteins. Furthermore, GLV6/10 peptide signaling was found to enhance PIN7 abundance in the plasma membranes of xylem-pole pericycle cells, which likely stimulates auxin efflux from these cells. Based on these findings, we propose a model in which the GLV6/10 signaling pathway serves as a negative feedback mechanism that contributes to the robust patterning of auxin maxima along the primary root.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joris Jourquin
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent 9052, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB-UGent, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Ana Ibis Fernandez
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent 9052, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB-UGent, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent 9052, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB-UGent, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent 9052, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB-UGent, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent 9052, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB-UGent, Ghent 9052, Belgium
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Jan Šimura
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Karin Ljung
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Steffen Vanneste
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Tom Beeckman
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent 9052, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB-UGent, Ghent 9052, Belgium
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76
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Daryanavard H, Postiglione AE, Mühlemann JK, Muday GK. Flavonols modulate plant development, signaling, and stress responses. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 72:102350. [PMID: 36870100 PMCID: PMC10372886 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2023.102350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Flavonols are plant-specialized metabolites with important functions in plant growth and development. Isolation and characterization of mutants with reduced flavonol levels, especially the transparent testa mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana, have contributed to our understanding of the flavonol biosynthetic pathway. These mutants have also uncovered the roles of flavonols in controlling development in above- and below-ground tissues, notably in the regulation of root architecture, guard cell signaling, and pollen development. In this review, we present recent progress made towards a mechanistic understanding of flavonol function in plant growth and development. Specifically, we highlight findings that flavonols act as reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers and inhibitors of auxin transport in diverse tissues and cell types to modulate plant growth and development and responses to abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Daryanavard
- Climate Resilient Crop Production Laboratory, Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anthony E Postiglione
- Department of Biology, Center for Molecular Signaling, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Joëlle K Mühlemann
- Climate Resilient Crop Production Laboratory, Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Leuven Plant Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gloria K Muday
- Department of Biology, Center for Molecular Signaling, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
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77
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Mäkilä R, Wybouw B, Smetana O, Vainio L, Solé-Gil A, Lyu M, Ye L, Wang X, Siligato R, Jenness MK, Murphy AS, Mähönen AP. Gibberellins promote polar auxin transport to regulate stem cell fate decisions in cambium. NATURE PLANTS 2023; 9:631-644. [PMID: 36997686 PMCID: PMC10119023 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-023-01360-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Vascular cambium contains bifacial stem cells, which produce secondary xylem to one side and secondary phloem to the other. However, how these fate decisions are regulated is unknown. Here we show that the positioning of an auxin signalling maximum within the cambium determines the fate of stem cell daughters. The position is modulated by gibberellin-regulated, PIN1-dependent polar auxin transport. Gibberellin treatment broadens auxin maximum from the xylem side of the cambium towards the phloem. As a result, xylem-side stem cell daughter preferentially differentiates into xylem, while phloem-side daughter retains stem cell identity. Occasionally, this broadening leads to direct specification of both daughters as xylem, and consequently, adjacent phloem-identity cell reverts to being stem cell. Conversely, reduced gibberellin levels favour specification of phloem-side stem cell daughter as phloem. Together, our data provide a mechanism by which gibberellin regulates the ratio of xylem and phloem production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riikka Mäkilä
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Brecht Wybouw
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ondřej Smetana
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leo Vainio
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Solé-Gil
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Munan Lyu
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lingling Ye
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Xin Wang
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riccardo Siligato
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Geel, Belgium
| | - Mark K Jenness
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Angus S Murphy
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Ari Pekka Mähönen
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Tao L, Xiao X, Huang Q, Zhu H, Feng Y, Li Y, Li X, Guo Z, Liu J, Wu F, Pirayesh N, Mahmud S, Shen RF, Shabala S, Baluška F, Shi L, Yu M. Boron supply restores aluminum-blocked auxin transport by the modulation of PIN2 trafficking in the root apical transition zone. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 114:176-192. [PMID: 36721978 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The supply of boron (B) alleviates the toxic effects of aluminum (Al) on root growth; however, the mechanistic basis of this process remains elusive. This study filled this knowledge gap, demonstrating that boron modifies auxin distribution and transport in Al-exposed Arabidopsis roots. In B-deprived roots, treatment with Al induced an increase in auxin content in the root apical meristem zone (MZ) and transition zone (TZ), whereas in the elongation zone (EZ) the auxin content was decreased beyond the level required for adequate growth. These distribution patterns are explained by the fact that basipetal auxin transport from the TZ to the EZ was disrupted by Al-inhibited PIN-FORMED 2 (PIN2) endocytosis. Experiments involving the modulation of protein biosynthesis by cycloheximide (CHX) and transcriptional regulation by cordycepin (COR) demonstrated that the Al-induced increase of PIN2 membrane proteins was dependent upon the inhibition of PIN2 endocytosis, rather than on the transcriptional regulation of the PIN2 gene. Experiments reporting on the profiling of Al3+ and PIN2 proteins revealed that the inhibition of endocytosis of PIN2 proteins was the result of Al-induced limitation of the fluidity of the plasma membrane. The supply of B mediated the turnover of PIN2 endosomes conjugated with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and thus restored the Al-induced inhibition of IAA transport through the TZ to the EZ. Overall, the reported results demonstrate that boron supply mediates PIN2 endosome-based auxin transport to alleviate Al toxicity in plant roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Tao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology and Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
- Microelement Research Center/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaoyi Xiao
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology and Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Qiuyu Huang
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology and Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Hu Zhu
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology and Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Yingming Feng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology and Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
- Microelement Research Center/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yalin Li
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology and Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Xuewen Li
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology and Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Zhishan Guo
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology and Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Jiayou Liu
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology and Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Feihua Wu
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology and Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Niloufar Pirayesh
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, D-53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sakil Mahmud
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, D-53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ren Fang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Sergey Shabala
- Microelement Research Center/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Tasmanian Institute for Agriculture, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia
| | - František Baluška
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, D-53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lei Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Microelement Research Center/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Min Yu
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology and Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
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Wang H, Lu Z, Xu Y, Zhang J, Han L, Chai M, Wang ZY, Yang X, Lu S, Tong J, Xiao L, Wen J, Mysore KS, Zhou C. Roles of very long-chain fatty acids in compound leaf patterning in Medicago truncatula. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 191:1751-1770. [PMID: 36617225 PMCID: PMC10022625 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plant cuticles are composed of hydrophobic cuticular waxes and cutin. Very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) are components of epidermal waxes and the plasma membrane and are involved in organ morphogenesis. By screening a barrelclover (Medicago truncatula) mutant population tagged by the transposable element of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) cell type1 (Tnt1), we identified two types of mutants with unopened flower phenotypes, named unopened flower1 (uof1) and uof2. Both UOF1 and UOF2 encode enzymes that are involved in the biosynthesis of VLCFAs and cuticular wax. Comparative analysis of the mutants indicated that the mutation in UOF1, but not UOF2, leads to the increased number of leaflets in M. truncatula. UOF1 was specifically expressed in the outermost cell layer (L1) of the shoot apical meristem (SAM) and leaf primordia. The uof1 mutants displayed defects in VLCFA-mediated plasma membrane integrity, resulting in the disordered localization of the PIN-FORMED1 (PIN1) ortholog SMOOTH LEAF MARGIN1 (SLM1) in M. truncatula. Our work demonstrates that the UOF1-mediated biosynthesis of VLCFAs in L1 is critical for compound leaf patterning, which is associated with the polarization of the auxin efflux carrier in M. truncatula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfeng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Zhichao Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Yiteng Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Lu Han
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Maofeng Chai
- Grassland Agri-Husbandry Research Center, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Zeng-Yu Wang
- Grassland Agri-Husbandry Research Center, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Xianpeng Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Shiyou Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Jianhua Tong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Langtao Xiao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jiangqi Wen
- Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Oklahoma State University, 3210 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401, USA
| | - Kirankumar S Mysore
- Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Oklahoma State University, 3210 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401, USA
| | - Chuanen Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266101, China
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Modrego A, Pasternak T, Omary M, Albacete A, Cano A, Pérez-Pérez JM, Efroni I. Mapping of the Classical Mutation rosette Highlights a Role for Calcium in Wound-Induced Rooting. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 64:152-164. [PMID: 36398993 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Removal of the root system induces the formation of new roots from the remaining shoot. This process is primarily controlled by the phytohormone auxin, which interacts with other signals in a yet unresolved manner. Here, we study the classical tomato mutation rosette (ro), which lacks shoot-borne roots. ro mutants were severely inhibited in formation of wound-induced roots (WiRs) and had reduced auxin transport rates. We mapped ro to the tomato ortholog of the Arabidopsis thaliana BIG and the mammalians UBR4/p600. RO/BIG is a large protein of unknown biochemical function. In A. thaliana, BIG was implicated in regulating auxin transport and calcium homeostasis. We show that exogenous calcium inhibits WiR formation in tomato and A. thaliana ro/big mutants. Exogenous calcium antagonized the root-promoting effects of the auxin indole-3-acetic-acid but not of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, an auxin analog that is not recognized by the polar transport machinery, and accumulation of the auxin transporter PIN-FORMED1 (PIN1) was sensitive to calcium levels in the ro/big mutants. Consistent with a role for calcium in mediating auxin transport, both ro/big mutants and calcium-treated wild-type plants were hypersensitive to treatment with polar auxin transport inhibitors. Subcellular localization of BIG suggests that, like its mammalian ortholog, it is associated with the endoplasmic reticulum. Analysis of subcellular morphology revealed that ro/big mutants exhibited disruption in cytoplasmic streaming. We suggest that RO/BIG maintains auxin flow by stabilizing PIN membrane localization, possibly by attenuating the inhibitory effect of Ca2+ on cytoplasmic streaming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abelardo Modrego
- The Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, The Hebrew University, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Taras Pasternak
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche 03202, Spain
| | - Moutasem Omary
- The Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, The Hebrew University, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Alfonso Albacete
- Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, CEBAS-CSIC, Murcia 30100, Spain
| | - Antonio Cano
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal (Fisiología Vegetal), Universidad de Murcia, Murcia 30100, Spain
| | | | - Idan Efroni
- The Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, The Hebrew University, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
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81
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Li L, Chen X. Auxin regulation on crop: from mechanisms to opportunities in soybean breeding. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2023; 43:16. [PMID: 37313296 PMCID: PMC10248601 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-023-01361-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Breeding crop varieties with high yield and ideal plant architecture is a desirable goal of agricultural science. The success of "Green Revolution" in cereal crops provides opportunities to incorporate phytohormones in crop breeding. Auxin is a critical phytohormone to determine nearly all the aspects of plant development. Despite the current knowledge regarding auxin biosynthesis, auxin transport and auxin signaling have been well characterized in model Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants, how auxin regulates crop architecture is far from being understood, and the introduction of auxin biology in crop breeding stays in the theoretical stage. Here, we give an overview on molecular mechanisms of auxin biology in Arabidopsis, and mainly summarize auxin contributions for crop plant development. Furthermore, we propose potential opportunities to integrate auxin biology in soybean (Glycine max) breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfang Li
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian China
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian China
| | - Xu Chen
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian China
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82
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Lüth VM, Rempfer C, van Gessel N, Herzog O, Hanser M, Braun M, Decker EL, Reski R. A Physcomitrella PIN protein acts in spermatogenesis and sporophyte retention. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 237:2118-2135. [PMID: 36696950 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The auxin efflux PIN-FORMED (PIN) proteins are conserved in all land plants and important players in plant development. In the moss Physcomitrella (Physcomitrium patens), three canonical PINs (PpPINA-C) are expressed in the leafy shoot (gametophore). PpPINA and PpPINB show functional activity in vegetative growth and sporophyte development. Here, we examined the role of PpPINC in the life cycle of Physcomitrella. We established reporter and knockout lines for PpPINC and analysed vegetative and reproductive tissues using microscopy and transcriptomic sequencing of moss gametangia. PpPINC is expressed in immature leaves, mature gametangia and during sporophyte development. The sperm cells (spermatozoids) of pinC knockout mutants exhibit increased motility and an altered flagella phenotype. Furthermore, the pinC mutants have a higher portion of differentially expressed genes related to spermatogenesis, increased fertility and an increased abortion rate of premeiotic sporophytes. Here, we show that PpPINC is important for spermatogenesis and sporophyte retention. We propose an evolutionary conserved way of polar growth during early moss embryo development and sporophyte attachment to the gametophore while suggesting the mechanical function in sporophyte retention of a ring structure, the Lorch ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker M Lüth
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christine Rempfer
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nico van Gessel
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Herzog
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Hanser
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marion Braun
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Eva L Decker
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Reski
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS - Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT - Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
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83
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Hu S, Liu X, Xuan W, Mei H, Li J, Chen X, Zhao Z, Zhao Y, Jeyaraj A, Periakaruppan R, Li XH. Genome-wide identification and characterization of PIN-FORMED (PIN) and PIN-LIKES (PILS) gene family reveals their role in adventitious root development in tea nodal cutting (Camellia Sinensis). Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 229:791-802. [PMID: 36572081 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Auxin affects all aspects of plant growth and development, including morphogenesis and adaptive responses. Auxin transmembrane transport is promoted by PIN formation (PIN) and a structurally similar PIN-like (PILS) gene family, which jointly controls the directional transport of the auxin between plant cells, and the accumulation of intracellular auxin. At present, there is no study investigating the roles of CslPIN and CslPILS gene family in root development in the tea plant (Camellia sinensis). In this study, 8 CslPIN and 10 CslPILS genes were identified in the tea plant, and their evolutionary relationships, physical and chemical properties, conserved motifs, cis-acting elements, chromosome location, collinearity, and expression characteristics were analyzed. The mechanism of CslPIN and CslPILS in the formation of tea adventitious roots (ARs) was studied by the AR induction system. Through functional verification, the regulation of CslPIN3 gene on root growth and development of tea plant was studied by over-expression of CslPIN3 in Arabidopsis thaliana and in situ hybridization in Camellia sinensis. The results confirmed CslPIN3 was involved in the regulation of root growth and development as well as auxin accumulation. This study provides a better insight into the regulatory mechanism of CslPIN and CslPILS gene family on the formation of AR in tea plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunkai Hu
- International Institute of Tea Industry Innovation for "the Belt and Road", Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xinqiu Liu
- International Institute of Tea Industry Innovation for "the Belt and Road", Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Wei Xuan
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Huiling Mei
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jianjie Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xuan Chen
- International Institute of Tea Industry Innovation for "the Belt and Road", Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zhen Zhao
- International Institute of Tea Industry Innovation for "the Belt and Road", Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yuxin Zhao
- International Institute of Tea Industry Innovation for "the Belt and Road", Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Anburaj Jeyaraj
- International Institute of Tea Industry Innovation for "the Belt and Road", Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Rajiv Periakaruppan
- Department of Biotechnology, PSG College of Arts & Science, Coimbatore 14, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Xing-Hui Li
- International Institute of Tea Industry Innovation for "the Belt and Road", Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, PR China.
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84
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Sun J, Bie XM, Chu XL, Wang N, Zhang XS, Gao XQ. Genome-edited TaTFL1-5 mutation decreases tiller and spikelet numbers in common wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1142779. [PMID: 36895877 PMCID: PMC9989183 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1142779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Tillering is a critical agronomic trait of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) that determines the shoot architecture and affects grain yield. TERMINAL FLOWER 1 (TFL1), encoding a phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein, is implicated in the transition to flowering and shoot architecture in plant development. However, the roles of TFL1 homologs is little known in wheat development. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted mutagenesis was used in this study to generate a set of wheat (Fielder) mutants with single, double or triple-null tatfl1-5 alleles. The wheat tatfl1-5 mutations decreased the tiller number per plant in the vegetative growth stage and the effective tiller number per plant and spikelet number per spike at maturity in the field. RNA-seq analysis showed that the expression of the auxin signaling-related and cytokinin signaling-related genes was significantly changed in the axillary buds of tatfl1-5 mutant seedlings. The results suggested that wheat TaTFL1-5s were implicated in tiller regulation by auxin and cytokinin signaling.
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85
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Ortiz-García P, González Ortega-Villaizán A, Onejeme FC, Müller M, Pollmann S. Do Opposites Attract? Auxin-Abscisic Acid Crosstalk: New Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043090. [PMID: 36834499 PMCID: PMC9960826 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants are constantly exposed to a variety of different environmental stresses, including drought, salinity, and elevated temperatures. These stress cues are assumed to intensify in the future driven by the global climate change scenario which we are currently experiencing. These stressors have largely detrimental effects on plant growth and development and, therefore, put global food security in jeopardy. For this reason, it is necessary to expand our understanding of the underlying mechanisms by which plants respond to abiotic stresses. Especially boosting our insight into the ways by which plants balance their growth and their defense programs appear to be of paramount importance, as this may lead to novel perspectives that can pave the way to increase agricultural productivity in a sustainable manner. In this review, our aim was to present a detailed overview of different facets of the crosstalk between the antagonistic plant hormones abscisic acid (ABA) and auxin, two phytohormones that are the main drivers of plant stress responses, on the one hand, and plant growth, on the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Ortiz-García
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA/CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián González Ortega-Villaizán
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA/CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francis Chukwuma Onejeme
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA/CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maren Müller
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (S.P.); Tel.: +34-934033718 (M.M.); +34-910679183 (S.P.)
| | - Stephan Pollmann
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA/CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (S.P.); Tel.: +34-934033718 (M.M.); +34-910679183 (S.P.)
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86
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Zhang Y, Xu T, Dong J. Asymmetric cell division in plant development. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 65:343-370. [PMID: 36610013 PMCID: PMC9975081 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Asymmetric cell division (ACD) is a fundamental process that generates new cell types during development in eukaryotic species. In plant development, post-embryonic organogenesis driven by ACD is universal and more important than in animals, in which organ pattern is preset during embryogenesis. Thus, plant development provides a powerful system to study molecular mechanisms underlying ACD. During the past decade, tremendous progress has been made in our understanding of the key components and mechanisms involved in this important process in plants. Here, we present an overview of how ACD is determined and regulated in multiple biological processes in plant development and compare their conservation and specificity among different model cell systems. We also summarize the molecular roles and mechanisms of the phytohormones in the regulation of plant ACD. Finally, we conclude with the overarching paradigms and principles that govern plant ACD and consider how new technologies can be exploited to fill the knowledge gaps and make new advances in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Plant Synthetic Biology Center, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, and College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- The Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Tongda Xu
- Plant Synthetic Biology Center, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, and College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Juan Dong
- The Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08891, USA
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Feng X, Zheng J, Irisarri I, Yu H, Zheng B, Ali Z, de Vries S, Keller J, Fürst-Jansen JM, Dadras A, Zegers JM, Rieseberg TP, Ashok AD, Darienko T, Bierenbroodspot MJ, Gramzow L, Petroll R, Haas FB, Fernandez-Pozo N, Nousias O, Li T, Fitzek E, Grayburn WS, Rittmeier N, Permann C, Rümpler F, Archibald JM, Theißen G, Mower JP, Lorenz M, Buschmann H, von Schwartzenberg K, Boston L, Hayes RD, Daum C, Barry K, Grigoriev IV, Wang X, Li FW, Rensing SA, Ari JB, Keren N, Mosquna A, Holzinger A, Delaux PM, Zhang C, Huang J, Mutwil M, de Vries J, Yin Y. Chromosome-level genomes of multicellular algal sisters to land plants illuminate signaling network evolution. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.31.526407. [PMID: 36778228 PMCID: PMC9915684 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.31.526407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The filamentous and unicellular algae of the class Zygnematophyceae are the closest algal relatives of land plants. Inferring the properties of the last common ancestor shared by these algae and land plants allows us to identify decisive traits that enabled the conquest of land by plants. We sequenced four genomes of filamentous Zygnematophyceae (three strains of Zygnema circumcarinatum and one strain of Z. cylindricum) and generated chromosome-scale assemblies for all strains of the emerging model system Z. circumcarinatum. Comparative genomic analyses reveal expanded genes for signaling cascades, environmental response, and intracellular trafficking that we associate with multicellularity. Gene family analyses suggest that Zygnematophyceae share all the major enzymes with land plants for cell wall polysaccharide synthesis, degradation, and modifications; most of the enzymes for cell wall innovations, especially for polysaccharide backbone synthesis, were gained more than 700 million years ago. In Zygnematophyceae, these enzyme families expanded, forming co-expressed modules. Transcriptomic profiling of over 19 growth conditions combined with co-expression network analyses uncover cohorts of genes that unite environmental signaling with multicellular developmental programs. Our data shed light on a molecular chassis that balances environmental response and growth modulation across more than 600 million years of streptophyte evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehuan Feng
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Department of Food Science and Technology, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Jinfang Zheng
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Department of Food Science and Technology, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Iker Irisarri
- University of Goettingen, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Goldschmidtstr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
- University of Goettingen, Campus Institute Data Science (CIDAS), Goldschmidstr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
- Section Phylogenomics, Centre for Molecular biodiversity Research, Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB), Zoological Museum Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Huihui Yu
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Center for Plant Science Innovation, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Bo Zheng
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Department of Food Science and Technology, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Zahin Ali
- Nanyang Technological University, School of Biological Sciences, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Sophie de Vries
- University of Goettingen, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Goldschmidtstr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Jean Keller
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, INP Toulouse, Castanet-Tolosan, 31326, France
| | - Janine M.R. Fürst-Jansen
- University of Goettingen, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Goldschmidtstr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Armin Dadras
- University of Goettingen, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Goldschmidtstr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Jaccoline M.S. Zegers
- University of Goettingen, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Goldschmidtstr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Tim P. Rieseberg
- University of Goettingen, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Goldschmidtstr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Amra Dhabalia Ashok
- University of Goettingen, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Goldschmidtstr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Tatyana Darienko
- University of Goettingen, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Goldschmidtstr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Maaike J. Bierenbroodspot
- University of Goettingen, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Goldschmidtstr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Lydia Gramzow
- University of Jena, Matthias Schleiden Institute / Genetics, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Romy Petroll
- Plant Cell Biology, Department of Biology, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Department of Algal Development and Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Biology Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Fabian B. Haas
- Plant Cell Biology, Department of Biology, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Department of Algal Development and Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Biology Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Noe Fernandez-Pozo
- Plant Cell Biology, Department of Biology, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Institute for Mediterranean and Subtropical Horticulture “La Mayora” (UMA-CSIC)
| | - Orestis Nousias
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Department of Food Science and Technology, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Tang Li
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Department of Food Science and Technology, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Elisabeth Fitzek
- Computational Biology, Department of Biology, Center for Biotechnology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - W. Scott Grayburn
- Northern Illinois University, Molecular Core Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA
| | - Nina Rittmeier
- University of Innsbruck, Department of Botany, Research Group Plant Cell Biology, Sternwartestraße 15, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Charlotte Permann
- University of Innsbruck, Department of Botany, Research Group Plant Cell Biology, Sternwartestraße 15, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Florian Rümpler
- University of Jena, Matthias Schleiden Institute / Genetics, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - John M. Archibald
- Dalhousie University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 5850 College Street, Halifax NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Günter Theißen
- University of Jena, Matthias Schleiden Institute / Genetics, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Jeffrey P. Mower
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Center for Plant Science Innovation, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Maike Lorenz
- University of Goettingen, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, Experimental Phycology and Culture Collection of Algae at Goettingen University (EPSAG), Nikolausberger Weg 18, 37073 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Henrik Buschmann
- University of Applied Sciences Mittweida, Faculty of Applied Computer Sciences and Biosciences, Section Biotechnology and Chemistry, Molecular Biotechnology, Technikumplatz 17, 09648 Mittweida, Germany
| | - Klaus von Schwartzenberg
- Universität Hamburg, Institute of Plant Science and Microbiology, Microalgae and Zygnematophyceae Collection Hamburg (MZCH) and Aquatic Ecophysiology and Phycology, Ohnhorststr. 18, 22609, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lori Boston
- Genome Sequencing Center, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Richard D. Hayes
- Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Chris Daum
- Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Kerrie Barry
- Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Igor V. Grigoriev
- Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Xiyin Wang
- North China University of Science and Technology
| | - Fay-Wei Li
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Cornell University, Plant Biology Section, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Stefan A. Rensing
- Plant Cell Biology, Department of Biology, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- University of Freiburg, Centre for Biological Signalling Studies (BIOSS), Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julius Ben Ari
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Rehovot 7610000, Israel
| | - Noa Keren
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Rehovot 7610000, Israel
| | - Assaf Mosquna
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Rehovot 7610000, Israel
| | - Andreas Holzinger
- University of Innsbruck, Department of Botany, Research Group Plant Cell Biology, Sternwartestraße 15, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Pierre-Marc Delaux
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, INP Toulouse, Castanet-Tolosan, 31326, France
| | - Chi Zhang
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Center for Plant Science Innovation, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, School of Biological Sciences, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Jinling Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Marek Mutwil
- Nanyang Technological University, School of Biological Sciences, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Jan de Vries
- University of Goettingen, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Goldschmidtstr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
- University of Goettingen, Campus Institute Data Science (CIDAS), Goldschmidstr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
- University of Goettingen, Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Yanbin Yin
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Department of Food Science and Technology, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
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Ribeiro C, Xu J, Hendrich C, Pandey SS, Yu Q, Gmitter FG, Wang N. Seasonal Transcriptome Profiling of Susceptible and Tolerant Citrus Cultivars to Citrus Huanglongbing. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2023; 113:286-298. [PMID: 36001783 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-05-22-0179-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Citrus huanglongbing (HLB) caused by 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' (CLas) is the most devastating citrus disease worldwide. Most commercial citrus cultivars are susceptible to HLB, with a few more tolerant exceptions such as 'LB8-9' Sugar Belle mandarin. Transcriptomic analyses have been widely used to investigate the potential mechanisms for disease susceptibility, resistance, or tolerance. Previous transcriptomic studies related to HLB mostly focused on single time point data collection. We hypothesize that changes in day length and temperature throughout the seasons have profound effects on citrus-CLas interactions. Here, we conducted RNA-seq analyses on HLB-susceptible Valencia sweet orange and HLB-tolerant mandarin 'LB8-9' in winter, spring, summer, and fall. Significant variations in differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to HLB were observed among the four seasons. For both cultivars, the highest number of DEGs were found in the spring. CLas infection stimulates the expression of immune-related genes such as NBS-LRR, RLK, RLCK, CDPK, MAPK pathway, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and PR genes in both cultivars, consistent with the model that HLB is a pathogen-triggered immune disease. HLB-positive mandarin 'LB8-9' trees contained higher concentrations of maltose and sucrose, which are known to scavenge ROS. In addition, mandarin 'LB8-9' showed higher expression of genes involved in phloem regeneration, which might contribute to its HLB tolerance. This study shed light on the pathogenicity mechanism of the HLB pathosystem and the tolerance mechanism against HLB, providing valuable insights into HLB management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Ribeiro
- Citrus Research & Education Center, Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL 33850
| | - Jin Xu
- Citrus Research & Education Center, Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL 33850
| | - Connor Hendrich
- Citrus Research & Education Center, Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL 33850
| | - Sheo Shankar Pandey
- Citrus Research & Education Center, Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL 33850
| | - Qibin Yu
- Citrus Research & Education Center, Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Horticultural Sciences Department, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL 33850
| | - Frederick G Gmitter
- Citrus Research & Education Center, Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Horticultural Sciences Department, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL 33850
| | - Nian Wang
- Citrus Research & Education Center, Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL 33850
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89
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Li X, Wu J, Yi F, Lai J, Chen J. High temporal-resolution transcriptome landscapes of maize embryo sac and ovule during early seed development. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 111:233-248. [PMID: 36508138 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-022-01318-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Here we provided a high temporal-resolution transcriptome atlas of maize embryo sac and ovule to reveal the gene activity dynamic during early seed development. The early maize (Zea mays) seed development is initiated from double fertilization in the embryo sac and needs to undergo a highly dynamic and complex development process to form the differentiated embryo and endosperm. Despite the importance of maize seed for food, feed, and biofuel, many regulators responsible for controlling its early development are not known yet. Here, we reported a high temporal-resolution transcriptome atlas of embryo sac and ovule based on 44 time point samples collected within the first four days of seed development. A total of 25,187 genes including 1598 transcription factors (TFs) involved in early seed development were detected. Global comparisons of the expressions of these genes revealed five distinct development stages of early seed, which are mainly related to double fertilization, asymmetric cell division of the zygote, as well as coenocyte formation, cellularization and differentiation in endosperm. We identified 3327 seed-specific genes, which more than one thousand seed-specific genes with main expressions during early seed development were newly identified here, including 859 and 186 genes predominantly expressed in the embryo sac and ovule, respectively. Combined with the published transcriptome data of seed, we uncovered the dominant auxin biosynthesis, transport and signaling related genes at different development stages and subregions of seed. These results are helpful for understanding the genetic control of early seed development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, National Maize Improvement Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education & College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinsheng Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, National Maize Improvement Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, National Maize Improvement Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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90
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Rieseberg TP, Dadras A, Fürst-Jansen JMR, Dhabalia Ashok A, Darienko T, de Vries S, Irisarri I, de Vries J. Crossroads in the evolution of plant specialized metabolism. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2023; 134:37-58. [PMID: 35292191 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The monophyletic group of embryophytes (land plants) stands out among photosynthetic eukaryotes: they are the sole constituents of the macroscopic flora on land. In their entirety, embryophytes account for the majority of the biomass on land and constitute an astounding biodiversity. What allowed for the massive radiation of this particular lineage? One of the defining features of all land plants is the production of an array of specialized metabolites. The compounds that the specialized metabolic pathways of embryophytes produce have diverse functions, ranging from superabundant structural polymers and compounds that ward off abiotic and biotic challenges, to signaling molecules whose abundance is measured at the nanomolar scale. These specialized metabolites govern the growth, development, and physiology of land plants-including their response to the environment. Hence, specialized metabolites define the biology of land plants as we know it. And they were likely a foundation for their success. It is thus intriguing to find that the closest algal relatives of land plants, freshwater organisms from the grade of streptophyte algae, possess homologs for key enzymes of specialized metabolic pathways known from land plants. Indeed, some studies suggest that signature metabolites emerging from these pathways can be found in streptophyte algae. Here we synthesize the current understanding of which routes of the specialized metabolism of embryophytes can be traced to a time before plants had conquered land.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim P Rieseberg
- University of Goettingen, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Goldschmidtstr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Armin Dadras
- University of Goettingen, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Goldschmidtstr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Janine M R Fürst-Jansen
- University of Goettingen, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Goldschmidtstr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Amra Dhabalia Ashok
- University of Goettingen, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Goldschmidtstr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Tatyana Darienko
- University of Goettingen, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Goldschmidtstr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Sophie de Vries
- University of Goettingen, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Goldschmidtstr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Iker Irisarri
- University of Goettingen, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Goldschmidtstr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany; University of Goettingen, Campus Institute Data Science (CIDAS), Goldschmidstr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Jan de Vries
- University of Goettingen, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Goldschmidtstr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany; University of Goettingen, Campus Institute Data Science (CIDAS), Goldschmidstr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany; University of Goettingen, Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Goldschmidtsr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany.
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91
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Tripathi DK, Rai P, Kandhol N, Kumar A, Sahi S, Corpas FJ, Sharma S, Singh VP. Silicon Palliates Chromium Toxicity through the Formation of Root Hairs in Rice (Oryza sativa) Mediated by GSH and IAA. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 63:1943-1953. [PMID: 36264202 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Along with the rapidly increasing environmental contamination by heavy metals, the exposure of plants to chromium has also magnified, resulting in a declined productivity. Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)], the most toxic form of Cr, brings about changes in plant processes at morpho-physiological and biochemical levels. However, silicon (Si) is known to mitigate the impact of abiotic stresses in plants. Here, we demonstrate Si-mediated alleviation of Cr(VI) toxicity and its effects on root hair formation in rice seedlings. Reduced glutathione (GSH) and indole-3 acetic acid (IAA, an important auxin) were assessed for their involvement in root hair formation after the application of Si to Cr(VI)-stressed plants, and our results confirmed their crucial significance in such developmental processes. The expression analysis of genes involved in GSH biosynthesis (OsGS2) and regeneration (OsGR1), and auxin biosynthesis (OsTAA1 and OsYUCCA1) and transport (OsAUX1 and OsPIN1) corroborated their positive role in Si-mediated root hair formation in Cr(VI)-stressed rice seedlings. Moreover, the results indicated that nitric oxide (NO) seems a probable but not fundamental component in Si-mediated formation of roots in rice during exposure to Cr(VI) stress. In this study, the indispensable role of GSH and IAA, redox homeostasis of GSH and IAA biosynthesis and transport are discussed with regard to Si-mediated formation of root hairs in rice under Cr(VI) stress. The results of the study suggest that Si is a protective agent against Cr(VI) stress in rice, and the findings can be used to develop Cr(VI) stress-tolerant varieties of rice with enhanced productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durgesh Kumar Tripathi
- Crop Nanobiology and Molecular Stress Physiology Lab, Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida 201313, India
| | - Padmaja Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, UP 211004, India
| | - Nidhi Kandhol
- Crop Nanobiology and Molecular Stress Physiology Lab, Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida 201313, India
| | - Alok Kumar
- Crop Nanobiology and Molecular Stress Physiology Lab, Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida 201313, India
| | - Shivendra Sahi
- Department of Biology, Saint Joseph's University, University City Campus, 600 S. 43rd St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Francisco J Corpas
- Department of Stress, Development and Signaling in Plants, Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, Granada 18008, Spain
| | - Shivesh Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, UP 211004, India
| | - Vijay Pratap Singh
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, A Constituent Post Graduate College of University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
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92
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Hirayama T, Mochida K. Plant Hormonomics: A Key Tool for Deep Physiological Phenotyping to Improve Crop Productivity. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 63:1826-1839. [PMID: 35583356 PMCID: PMC9885943 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Agriculture is particularly vulnerable to climate change. To cope with the risks posed by climate-related stressors to agricultural production, global population growth, and changes in food preferences, it is imperative to develop new climate-smart crop varieties with increased yield and environmental resilience. Molecular genetics and genomic analyses have revealed that allelic variations in genes involved in phytohormone-mediated growth regulation have greatly improved productivity in major crops. Plant science has remarkably advanced our understanding of the molecular basis of various phytohormone-mediated events in plant life. These findings provide essential information for improving the productivity of crops growing in changing climates. In this review, we highlight the recent advances in plant hormonomics (multiple phytohormone profiling) and discuss its application to crop improvement. We present plant hormonomics as a key tool for deep physiological phenotyping, focusing on representative plant growth regulators associated with the improvement of crop productivity. Specifically, we review advanced methodologies in plant hormonomics, highlighting mass spectrometry- and nanosensor-based plant hormone profiling techniques. We also discuss the applications of plant hormonomics in crop improvement through breeding and agricultural management practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Hirayama
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, 2-20-1 Chuo, Kurashiki, Okayama, 710-0046 Japan
| | - Keiichi Mochida
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehirocho, Tsurumiku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045 Japan
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, 641-12 Maiokacho, Totsukaku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 244-0813 Japan
- School of Information and Data Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki, 852-8521 Japan
- RIKEN Baton Zone Program, RIKEN Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, 1-7-22 Suehirocho, Tsurumiku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045 Japan
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93
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Zhang Y, Han S, Lin Y, Qiao J, Han N, Li Y, Feng Y, Li D, Qi Y. Auxin Transporter OsPIN1b, a Novel Regulator of Leaf Inclination in Rice ( Oryza sativa L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:409. [PMID: 36679122 PMCID: PMC9861231 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Leaf inclination is one of the most important components of the ideal architecture, which effects yield gain. Leaf inclination was shown that is mainly regulated by brassinosteroid (BR) and auxin signaling. Here, we reveal a novel regulator of leaf inclination, auxin transporter OsPIN1b. Two CRISPR-Cas9 homozygous mutants, ospin1b-1 and ospin1b-2, with smaller leaf inclination compared to the wild-type, Nipponbare (WT/NIP), while overexpression lines, OE-OsPIN1b-1 and OE-OsPIN1b-2 have opposite phenotype. Further cell biological observation showed that in the adaxial region, OE-OsPIN1b-1 has significant bulge compared to WT/NIP and ospin1b-1, indicating that the increase in the adaxial cell division results in the enlarging of the leaf inclination in OE-OsPIN1b-1. The OsPIN1b was localized on the plasma membrane, and the free IAA contents in the lamina joint of ospin1b mutants were significantly increased while they were decreased in OE-OsPIN1b lines, suggesting that OsPIN1b might action an auxin transporter such as AtPIN1 to alter IAA content and leaf inclination. Furthermore, the OsPIN1b expression was induced by exogenous epibrassinolide (24-eBL) and IAA, and ospin1b mutants are insensitive to BR or IAA treatment, indicating that the effecting leaf inclination is regulated by OsPIN1b. This study contributes a new gene resource for molecular design breeding of rice architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biology of Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010030, China
| | - Shaqila Han
- Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biology of Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010030, China
| | - Yuqing Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiyue Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Naren Han
- Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biology of Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010030, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China
| | - Yaning Feng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China
| | - Dongming Li
- Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biology of Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010030, China
| | - Yanhua Qi
- Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biology of Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010030, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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94
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Lin Q, Gong J, Zhang Z, Meng Z, Wang J, Wang S, Sun J, Gu X, Jin Y, Wu T, yan N, Wang Y, Kai L, Jiang J, Qi S. The Arabidopsis thaliana trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase gene AtTPPI regulates primary root growth and lateral root elongation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1088278. [PMID: 36714693 PMCID: PMC9880472 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1088278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Roots are the main organs through which plants absorb water and nutrients. As the key phytohormone involved in root growth, auxin functions in plant environmental responses by modulating auxin synthesis, distribution and polar transport. The Arabidopsis thaliana trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase gene AtTPPI can improve root architecture, and tppi1 mutants have significantly shortened primary roots. However, the mechanism underlying the short roots of the tppi1 mutant and the upstream signaling pathway and downstream genes regulated by AtTPPI are unclear. Here, we demonstrated that the AtTPPI gene could promote auxin accumulation in AtTPPI-overexpressing plants. By comparing the transcriptomic data of tppi1 and wild-type roots, we found several upregulations of auxin-related genes, including GH3.3, GH3.9 and GH3.12, may play an important role in the AtTPPI gene-mediated auxin transport signaling pathway, ultimately leading to changes in auxin content and primary root length. Moreover, increased AtTPPI expression can regulate primary root growth and lateral root elongation under different concentration of nitrate conditions. Overall, constitutive expression of AtTPPI increased auxin contents and improved lateral root elongation, constituting a new method for improving the nitrogen utilization efficiency of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfang Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaxin Gong
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiliang Zhang
- Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zizi Meng
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianyong Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Song Wang
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jing Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Gu
- Technical Services and Sales Department, Zhengzhou Xuanyuan Biotechnology Co. LTD, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yuting Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tong Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Nuo yan
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Kai
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jihong Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shilian Qi
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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95
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Xu J, Han L, Xia S, Zhu R, Kang E, Shang Z. ATANN3 Is Involved in Extracellular ATP-Regulated Auxin Distribution in Arabidopsis thaliana Seedlings. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:330. [PMID: 36679043 PMCID: PMC9867528 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular ATP (eATP) plays multiple roles in plant growth and development, and stress responses. It has been revealed that eATP suppresses growth and alters the growth orientation of the root and hypocotyl of Arabidopsis thaliana by affecting auxin transport and localization in these organs. However, the mechanism of the eATP-stimulated auxin distribution remains elusive. Annexins are involved in multiple aspects of plant cellular metabolism, while their role in response to apoplastic signals remains unclear. Here, by using the loss-of-function mutations, we investigated the role of AtANN3 in the eATP-regulated root and hypocotyl growth. Firstly, the inhibitory effects of eATP on root and hypocotyl elongation were weakened or impaired in the AtANN3 null mutants (atann3-1 and atann3-2). Meanwhile, the distribution of DR5-GUS and DR5-GFP indicated that the eATP-induced asymmetric distribution of auxin in the root tips or hypocotyl cells occurred in wild-type control plants, while in atann3-1 mutant seedlings, it was not observed. Further, the eATP-induced asymmetric distribution of PIN2-GFP in root-tip cells or that of PIN3-GFP in hypocotyl cells was reduced in atann3-1 seedlings. Finally, the eATP-induced asymmetric distribution of cytoplasmic vesicles in root-tip cells was impaired in atann3-1 seedlings. Based on these results, we suggest that AtANN3 may be involved in eATP-regulated seedling growth by regulating the distribution of auxin and auxin transporters in vegetative organs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Erfang Kang
- Correspondence: (E.K.); (Z.S.); Tel.: +86-(311)-8078-7565 (E.K.); +86-(311)-8078-7570 (Z.S.)
| | - Zhonglin Shang
- Correspondence: (E.K.); (Z.S.); Tel.: +86-(311)-8078-7565 (E.K.); +86-(311)-8078-7570 (Z.S.)
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96
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Zhang L, Guo Y, Zhang Y, Li Y, Pei Y, Zhang M. Regulation of PIN-FORMED Protein Degradation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010843. [PMID: 36614276 PMCID: PMC9821320 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Auxin action largely depends on the establishment of auxin concentration gradient within plant organs, where PIN-formed (PIN) auxin transporter-mediated directional auxin movement plays an important role. Accumulating studies have revealed the need of polar plasma membrane (PM) localization of PIN proteins as well as regulation of PIN polarity in response to developmental cues and environmental stimuli, amongst which a typical example is regulation of PIN phosphorylation by AGCVIII protein kinases and type A regulatory subunits of PP2A phosphatases. Recent findings, however, highlight the importance of PIN degradation in reestablishing auxin gradient. Although the underlying mechanism is poorly understood, these findings provide a novel aspect to broaden the current knowledge on regulation of polar auxin transport. In this review, we summarize the current understanding on controlling PIN degradation by endosome-mediated vacuolar targeting, autophagy, ubiquitin modification and the related E3 ubiquitin ligases, cytoskeletons, plant hormones, environmental stimuli, and other regulators, and discuss the possible mechanisms according to recent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuqin Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yifan Guo
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yuxin Li
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yan Pei
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Mi Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-023-68251883
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97
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Gao XR, Zhang H, Li X, Bai YW, Peng K, Wang Z, Dai ZR, Bian XF, Zhang Q, Jia LC, Li Y, Liu QC, Zhai H, Gao SP, Zhao N, He SZ. The B-box transcription factor IbBBX29 regulates leaf development and flavonoid biosynthesis in sweet potato. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 191:496-514. [PMID: 36377782 PMCID: PMC9806656 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Plant flavonoids are valuable natural antioxidants. Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves are rich in flavonoids, regenerate rapidly, and can adapt to harsh environments, making them an ideal material for flavonoid biofortification. Here, we demonstrate that the B-box (BBX) family transcription factor IbBBX29 regulates the flavonoid contents and development of sweet potato leaves. IbBBX29 was highly expressed in sweet potato leaves and significantly induced by auxin (IAA). Overexpression of IbBBX29 contributed to a 21.37%-70.94% increase in leaf biomass, a 12.08%-21.85% increase in IAA levels, and a 31.33%-63.03% increase in flavonoid accumulation in sweet potato, whereas silencing this gene produced opposite effects. Heterologous expression of IbBBX29 in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) led to a dwarfed phenotype, along with enhanced IAA and flavonoid accumulation. RNA-seq analysis revealed that IbBBX29 modulates the expression of genes involved in the IAA signaling and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and electrophoretic mobility shift assay indicated that IbBBX29 targets key genes of IAA signaling and flavonoid biosynthesis to activate their expression by binding to specific T/G-boxes in their promoters, especially those adjacent to the transcription start site. Moreover, IbBBX29 physically interacted with developmental and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis-related proteins, such as AGAMOUS-LIKE 21 protein IbAGL21 and MYB308-like protein IbMYB308L. Finally, overexpressing IbBBX29 also increased flavonoid contents in sweet potato storage roots. These findings indicate that IbBBX29 plays a pivotal role in regulating IAA-mediated leaf development and flavonoid biosynthesis in sweet potato and Arabidopsis, providing a candidate gene for flavonoid biofortification in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-ru Gao
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Hainan 572025, China
| | - Xu Li
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Hainan 572025, China
| | - Yi-wei Bai
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kui Peng
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhuo-ru Dai
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiao-feng Bian
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Li-cong Jia
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Institute of Grain and Oil Crops, Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yantai 265500, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qing-chang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hong Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shao-pei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shao-zhen He
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Hainan 572025, China
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98
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Xi J, Zeng J, Fu X, Zhang L, Li G, Li B, Yan X, Chu Q, Xiao Y, Pei Y, Zhang M. GhROP6 GTPase modulates auxin accumulation in cotton fibers by regulating cell-specific GhPIN3a localization. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:265-282. [PMID: 36255218 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
PIN-FORMED- (PIN) mediated polar auxin transport plays a predominant role in most auxin-triggered organogenesis in plants. Global control of PIN polarity at the plasma membrane contributes to the essential establishment of auxin maxima in most multicellular tissues. However, establishment of auxin maxima in single cells is poorly understood. Cotton fibers, derived from ovule epidermal cells by auxin-triggered cell protrusion, provide an ideal model to explore the underlying mechanism. Here, we report that cell-specific degradation of GhPIN3a, which guides the establishment of the auxin gradient in cotton ovule epidermal cells, is associated with the preferential expression of GhROP6 GTPase in fiber cells. In turn, GhROP6 reduces GhPIN3a abundance at the plasma membrane and facilitates intracellular proteolysis of GhPIN3a. Overexpression and activation of GhROP6 promote cell elongation, resulting in a substantial improvement in cotton fiber length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jianyan Zeng
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xingxian Fu
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Liuqin Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Gailing Li
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Baoxia Li
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xingying Yan
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Qingqing Chu
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yuehua Xiao
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yan Pei
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Mi Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
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99
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Karami O, Philipsen C, Rahimi A, Nurillah AR, Boutilier K, Offringa R. Endogenous auxin maintains embryonic cell identity and promotes somatic embryo development in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 113:7-22. [PMID: 36345646 PMCID: PMC10098609 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Somatic embryogenesis (SE), or embryo development from in vitro cultured vegetative explants, can be induced in Arabidopsis by the synthetic auxin 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) or by overexpression of specific transcription factors, such as AT-HOOK MOTIF NUCLEAR LOCALIZED 15 (AHL15). Here, we explored the role of endogenous auxin [indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)] during 2,4-D and AHL15-induced SE. Using the pWOX2:NLS-YFP reporter, we identified three distinct developmental stages for 2,4-D and AHL15-induced SE in Arabidopsis, with these being (i) acquisition of embryo identity; (ii) formation of pro-embryos; and (iii) somatic embryo patterning and development. The acquisition of embryo identity coincided with enhanced expression of the indole-3-pyruvic acid auxin biosynthesis YUCCA genes, resulting in an enhanced pDR5:GFP-reported auxin response in the embryo-forming tissues. Chemical inhibition of the indole-3-pyruvic acid pathway did not affect the acquisition of embryo identity, but significantly reduced or completely inhibited the formation of pro-embryos. Co-application of IAA with auxin biosynthesis inhibitors in the AHL15-induced SE system rescued differentiated somatic embryo formation, confirming that increased IAA levels are important during the last two stages of SE. Our analyses also showed that polar auxin transport, with AUXIN/LIKE-AUX influx and PIN-FORMED1 efflux carriers as important drivers, is required for the transition of embryonic cells to proembryos and, later, for correct cell fate specification and differentiation. Taken together, our results indicate that endogenous IAA biosynthesis and its polar transport are not required for the acquisition of embryo identity, but rather to maintain embryonic cell identity and for the formation of multicellular proembryos and their development into histodifferentiated embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Karami
- Plant Developmental Genetics, Institute of Biology LeidenLeiden UniversitySylviusweg 722333 BELeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Cheryl Philipsen
- Plant Developmental Genetics, Institute of Biology LeidenLeiden UniversitySylviusweg 722333 BELeidenThe Netherlands
- Present address:
Plus ProjectsZwaardstraat 162584 TXThe HagueThe Netherlands
| | - Arezoo Rahimi
- Plant Developmental Genetics, Institute of Biology LeidenLeiden UniversitySylviusweg 722333 BELeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Annisa Ratna Nurillah
- Plant Developmental Genetics, Institute of Biology LeidenLeiden UniversitySylviusweg 722333 BELeidenThe Netherlands
- Present address:
BearingPoint CaribbeanKaya Flamboyan 7WillemstadCuraçao
| | - Kim Boutilier
- Bioscience, Wageningen University and ResearchDroevendaalsesteeg 16708 PBWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Remko Offringa
- Plant Developmental Genetics, Institute of Biology LeidenLeiden UniversitySylviusweg 722333 BELeidenThe Netherlands
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100
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Wang Y, Yan X, Xu M, Qi W, Shi C, Li X, Ma J, Tian D, Shou J, Wu H, Pan J, Li B, Wang C. Transmembrane kinase 1-mediated auxin signal regulates membrane-associated clathrin in Arabidopsis roots. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 65:82-99. [PMID: 36114789 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) is the major endocytic pathway in eukaryotic cells that directly regulates abundance of plasma membrane proteins. Clathrin triskelia are composed of clathrin heavy chains (CHCs) and light chains (CLCs), and the phytohormone auxin differentially regulates membrane-associated CLCs and CHCs, modulating the endocytosis and therefore the distribution of auxin efflux transporter PIN-FORMED2 (PIN2). However, the molecular mechanisms by which auxin regulates clathrin are still poorly understood. Transmembrane kinase (TMKs) family proteins are considered to contribute to auxin signaling and plant development; it remains unclear whether they are involved in PIN transport by CME. We assessed TMKs involvement in the regulation of clathrin by auxin, using genetic, pharmacological, and cytological approaches including live-cell imaging and immunofluorescence. In tmk1 mutant seedlings, auxin failed to rapidly regulate abundance of both CHC and CLC and to inhibit PIN2 endocytosis, leading to an impaired asymmetric distribution of PIN2 and therefore auxin. Furthermore, TMK3 and TMK4 were shown not to be involved in regulation of clathrin by auxin. In summary, TMK1 is essential for auxin-regulated clathrin recruitment and CME. TMK1 therefore plays a critical role in the establishment of an asymmetric distribution of PIN2 and an auxin gradient during root gravitropism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xu Yan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Mei Xu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Weiyang Qi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Chunjie Shi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jiaqi Ma
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Dan Tian
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jianxin Shou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Haijun Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jianwei Pan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Bo Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- College of Life Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China
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