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Baron EP, Lucas P, Eades J, Hogue O. Patterns of medicinal cannabis use, strain analysis, and substitution effect among patients with migraine, headache, arthritis, and chronic pain in a medicinal cannabis cohort. J Headache Pain 2018; 19:37. [PMID: 29797104 PMCID: PMC5968020 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-018-0862-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medicinal cannabis registries typically report pain as the most common reason for use. It would be clinically useful to identify patterns of cannabis treatment in migraine and headache, as compared to arthritis and chronic pain, and to analyze preferred cannabis strains, biochemical profiles, and prescription medication substitutions with cannabis. METHODS Via electronic survey in medicinal cannabis patients with headache, arthritis, and chronic pain, demographics and patterns of cannabis use including methods, frequency, quantity, preferred strains, cannabinoid and terpene profiles, and prescription substitutions were recorded. Cannabis use for migraine among headache patients was assessed via the ID Migraine™ questionnaire, a validated screen used to predict the probability of migraine. RESULTS Of 2032 patients, 21 illnesses were treated with cannabis. Pain syndromes accounted for 42.4% (n = 861) overall; chronic pain 29.4% (n = 598;), arthritis 9.3% (n = 188), and headache 3.7% (n = 75;). Across all 21 illnesses, headache was a symptom treated with cannabis in 24.9% (n = 505). These patients were given the ID Migraine™ questionnaire, with 68% (n = 343) giving 3 "Yes" responses, 20% (n = 102) giving 2 "Yes" responses (97% and 93% probability of migraine, respectively). Therefore, 88% (n = 445) of headache patients were treating probable migraine with cannabis. Hybrid strains were most preferred across all pain subtypes, with "OG Shark" the most preferred strain in the ID Migraine™ and headache groups. Many pain patients substituted prescription medications with cannabis (41.2-59.5%), most commonly opiates/opioids (40.5-72.8%). Prescription substitution in headache patients included opiates/opioids (43.4%), anti-depressant/anti-anxiety (39%), NSAIDs (21%), triptans (8.1%), anti-convulsants (7.7%), muscle relaxers (7%), ergots (0.4%). CONCLUSIONS Chronic pain was the most common reason for cannabis use, consistent with most registries. The majority of headache patients treating with cannabis were positive for migraine. Hybrid strains were preferred in ID Migraine™, headache, and most pain groups, with "OG Shark", a high THC (Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol)/THCA (tetrahydrocannabinolic acid), low CBD (cannabidiol)/CBDA (cannabidiolic acid), strain with predominant terpenes β-caryophyllene and β-myrcene, most preferred in the headache and ID Migraine™ groups. This could reflect the potent analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-emetic properties of THC, with anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of β-caryophyllene and β-myrcene. Opiates/opioids were most commonly substituted with cannabis. Prospective studies are needed, but results may provide early insight into optimizing crossbred cannabis strains, synergistic biochemical profiles, dosing, and patterns of use in the treatment of headache, migraine, and chronic pain syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric P. Baron
- Center for Neurological Restoration - Headache and Chronic Pain Medicine, Department of Neurology, Cleveland Clinic Neurological Institute, 10524 Euclid Avenue, C21, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA
| | - Philippe Lucas
- Tilray, 1100 Maughan Rd, Nanaimo, BC V9X 1J2 Canada
- Social Dimensions of Health, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2 Canada
- Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research, 2300 McKenzie Ave, Victoria, BC V8N 5M8 Canada
| | - Joshua Eades
- Tilray, 1100 Maughan Rd, Nanaimo, BC V9X 1J2 Canada
| | - Olivia Hogue
- Section of Biostatistics, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue, JJN3, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA
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Limonene: Aroma of innovation in health and disease. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 283:97-106. [PMID: 29427589 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Natural products obtained in dietary components may aid the prevention and treatment of a variety of diseases. Reports in the scientific literature have demonstrated that the consumption of terpenes is a successful alternative in the treatment of several diseases, triggering beneficial biological effects in clinical and preclinical studies. The monoterpene limonene is largely used in alimentary items, cleaning products, and it is one of the most frequent fragrances used in cosmetics formulation. The therapeutic effects of limonene have been extensively studied, proving anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antinociceptive, anticancer, antidiabetic, antihyperalgesic, antiviral, and gastroprotective effects, among other beneficial effects in health. In this review, we collected, presented, and analyzed evidence from the scientific literature regarding the usage of limonene and its activities and underlying mechanisms involved in combating diseases. The highlighting of limonene applications could develop a useful targeting of innovative research in this field as well as the development of a limonene-based phytomedicine which could be used in a variety of conditions of health and disease.
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Abe H, Ishioka M, Fujita Y, Umeno A, Yasunaga M, Sato A, Ohnishi S, Suzuki S, Ishida N, Shichiri M, Yoshida Y, Nakajima Y. Yuzu ( Citrus junos Tanaka) Peel Attenuates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-induced Murine Experimental Colitis. J Oleo Sci 2018; 67:335-344. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess17184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Abe
- Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
| | | | - Yasuko Fujita
- Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
| | - Aya Umeno
- Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
| | - Mayu Yasunaga
- Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
| | | | | | | | - Noriko Ishida
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
| | - Mototada Shichiri
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
| | - Yasukazu Yoshida
- Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
| | - Yoshihiro Nakajima
- Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
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Adhikari D, Panthi VK, Pangeni R, Kim HJ, Park JW. Preparation, Characterization, and Biological Activities of Topical Anti-Aging Ingredients in a Citrus junos Callus Extract. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22122198. [PMID: 29232889 PMCID: PMC6149992 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22122198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we prepared and characterized a callus extract from Citrus junos and assessed its utility as a source of topical anti-aging ingredients. Callus extract was produced by aqueous extraction from Citrus junos grown on Murashige and Skoog medium with picloram as a growth regulator. After measuring the total phenolic and flavonoid contents, the major phenolic compound in calli was identified as p-hydroxycinnamoylmalic acid (1) by spectroscopic analysis. The total phenol content in the extract was determined to be 24.50 ± 0.43 mg/g of gallic acid equivalents; however, the total flavonoid content of the extract was not determined. The biological activities of the callus extract, in terms of skin anti-aging, were assessed by measuring the anti-tyrosinase activity in, and melanogenesis by, melanoma cells; and proliferation of, and procollagen synthesis by, human fibroblasts. The callus extract was incorporated into nanoliposomes (NLs) to improve its percutaneous absorption. Addition of the callus extract resulted in a 1.85-fold decrease in the melanin content of melanocytes compared with that with arbutin. The extract (500 μg/mL) significantly promoted the proliferation of, and procollagen synthesis by, fibroblasts (by 154% and 176%, respectively). In addition, the flux through the human epidermis of Citrus junos callus extract incorporated into NLs was 17.67-fold higher than that of the callus extract alone. These findings suggest that Citrus junos callus extract-loaded NLs have promise as an anti-aging cosmetic, as well as having a skin-lightening effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Adhikari
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 58554, Korea.
| | - Vijay Kumar Panthi
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 58554, Korea.
| | - Rudra Pangeni
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 58554, Korea.
| | - Hyun Jung Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 58554, Korea.
| | - Jin Woo Park
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 58554, Korea.
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Composition and Bioactivity of Essential Oil from Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck 'Mato Peiyu' Leaf. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22122154. [PMID: 29206180 PMCID: PMC6149744 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22122154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
'Mato Peiyu' pomelo (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck 'Mato Peiyu') leaves from pruning are currently an agricultural waste. The aim of this study was to isolate essential oils from these leaves through steam distillation (SD) and solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME) and to evaluate their applicability to skin care by analyzing their antimicrobial, antioxidant (diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging assay, β-carotene/linoleic acid assay, and nitric oxide scavenging assay), anti-inflammatory (5-lipoxygenase inhibition assay), and antityrosinase activities. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry results indicated that the main components of 'Mato Peiyu' leaf essential oils were citronellal and citronellol, with a total percentage of 50.71% and 59.82% for SD and SFME, respectively. The highest bioactivity among all assays was obtained for 5-lipoxygenase inhibition, with an IC50 value of 0.034% (v/v). The MIC90 of the antimicrobial activity of essential oils against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans ranged from 0.086% to 0.121% (v/v). Citronellal and citronellol were the main contributors, accounting for at least 54.58% of the essential oil's bioactivity. This paper is the first to report the compositions and bioactivities of 'Mato Peiyu' leaf essential oil, and the results imply that the pomelo leaf essential oil may be applied in skin care.
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Leggio A, Leotta V, Belsito EL, Di Gioia ML, Romio E, Santoro I, Taverna D, Sindona G, Liguori A. Aromatherapy: composition of the gaseous phase at equilibrium with liquid bergamot essential oil. Chem Cent J 2017; 11:111. [PMID: 29098462 PMCID: PMC5668225 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-017-0340-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This work compares the composition at different temperatures of gaseous phase of bergamot essential oil at equilibrium with the liquid phase. A new GC-MS methodology to determine quantitatively the volatile aroma compounds was developed. The adopted methodology involved the direct injection of headspace gas into injection port of GC-MS system and of known amounts of the corresponding authentic volatile compounds. The methodology was validated. This study showed that gaseous phase composition is different from that of the liquid phase at equilibrium with it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Leggio
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Vanessa Leotta
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Emilia Lucia Belsito
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Di Gioia
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Emanuela Romio
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Ilaria Santoro
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Domenico Taverna
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Giovanni Sindona
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Angelo Liguori
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy.
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Thermosensitive Hydrogel Mask Significantly Improves Skin Moisture and Skin Tone; Bilateral Clinical Trial. COSMETICS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics4020017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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58
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Matsumoto T, Kimura T, Hayashi T. Does Japanese Citrus Fruit Yuzu (Citrus junos Sieb. ex Tanaka) Fragrance Have Lavender-Like Therapeutic Effects That Alleviate Premenstrual Emotional Symptoms? A Single-Blind Randomized Crossover Study. J Altern Complement Med 2017; 23:461-470. [DOI: 10.1089/acm.2016.0328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tamaki Matsumoto
- Department of Health Education, Faculty of Education, Shitennoji University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kimura
- Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Hayashi
- Cognitive and Behavioral Science, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Giarratana F, Muscolino D, Ziino G, Giuffrida A, Marotta SM, Lo Presti V, Chiofalo V, Panebianco A. Activity of Tagetes minuta Linnaeus (Asteraceae) essential oil against L3 Anisakis larvae type 1. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2017. [PMID: 28647183 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate in vitro effects of Tagetes minuta L. essential oil (TEO) on L3 Anisakis larvae type 1. METHODS In order to evaluate the potential use of Tagetes minuta essential oil against L3 Anisakis larvae three different media were tested: 1) a saline solution (SS); 2) an industrial marinating solution (MS); 3) sunflower seeds oil (SO). For each media and concentrations of TEO (0.1%, 0.5%, 1.0% and 5.0% v/v), 20 parasites were introduced into plastic Petri dishes (diameter 90 mm) and maintained at room temperature. As controls, larvae were maintained without TEO under identical experimental conditions in SS, MS and SO. A total of 900 larvae were tested. The normalized mean viability, LT100, LT50 and the percentage of inactivation at 24 h were calculated. RESULTS In vitro tests revealed a complete inactivation of parasites in saline solution after 2 h with 5% and 1% of TEO. In marinating solution, a complete inactivation of parasites was observed after 4 h at all concentrations used. A slower activity for all TEO concentration was reported in SO. CONCLUSIONS The results obtained, showing a strong activity against Anisakis larvae, confirm TEO as a larvicidal agent in the treatment of human anisakidosis and in the industrial marinating process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Giarratana
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Daniele Muscolino
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Graziella Ziino
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Giuffrida
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Stefania Maria Marotta
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Vittorio Lo Presti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Chiofalo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Panebianco
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
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Faleiro D, Immich S, Majolo F, Mayer L, Ethur E, Goettert M. GC/MS analysis and potential cytotoxic activity of Calyptranthes grandifolia (O. Berg) , Calyptranthes tricona (D. Legrand) and Myrciaria plinioides (D. Legrand) essential oil in RAW264.7 and CHO-K1 cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 89:1431-1441. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Shan MQ, Qian Y, Yu S, Guo SC, Zhang L, Ding AW, Wu QN. Anti-inflammatory effect of volatile oil from Schizonepeta tenuifolia on carrageenin-induced pleurisy in rats and its application to study of appropriate harvesting time coupled with multi-attribute comprehensive index method. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 194:580-586. [PMID: 27765609 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq. (ST) herbs have been used as a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for treating colds for thousands of years. The volatile oil is considered as the main material basis responsible for the efficacy of ST and has attracted lots of attention on its anti-inflammatory effect recently. AIM OF STUDY This paper investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of the distilled volatile oils from Schizonepeta tenuifolia (STVO) that were collected at different harvesting times on carrageenin-induced pleurisy in rats. Based on the anti-inflammatory effects, instead of contents of marker components, we aim to evaluate the quality and determine the appropriate harvesting time of ST. MATERIALS AND METHODS There were eleven groups with eight male rats in each randomly. They were model group, control group, positive group (dexamethasone) and eight groups treated with eight STVOs at different harvesting times. All treatments were performed by gavage and administered once a day on four consecutive days. One hour after the last treatments, except the rats in control group, those in other groups were treated with carrageenin to induce the pleurisy. Four hours later, all the rats were sacrificed and their pleurisy exudates and lung tissues were collected for further analysis. To evaluate the comprehensive anti-inflammatory effect of the eight STVOs, multi-attribute comprehensive index method (MACIM) was used to obtain the integration of various effects. RESULTS All the eight STVOs could decrease the seven indicators relating to pleurisy, which were exudate volume, leukocytes, protein level, myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukine-1β (IL-1β). Majority of these decreases were significant (P<0.01, P<0.05). As far as each indicator was concerned, each STVO showed different effect from others. With MACIM, it was found that STVO in Group 6 was the most effective one with the highest Vs and appropriate harvesting time of ST was in late September. CONCLUSIONS The study may provide scientific basis to further understanding of the mechanism of STVO in anti-inflammatory effect of carrageenin-induced pleurisy. Meanwhile, this study also provides a new access to determining the appropriate harvesting time of TCM and even evaluating the quality of TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Qiu Shan
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yan Qian
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Sheng Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Shu-Chen Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - An-Wei Ding
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Qi-Nan Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Jeon EJ, Lee DH, Kim YJ, Ahn J, Kim MJ, Hwang JT, Hur J, Kim M, Jang YJ, Ha TY, Seo DH, Lee JS, Sung MJ, Jung CH. Effects of yuja peel extract and its flavanones on osteopenia in ovariectomized rats and osteoblast differentiation. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 60:2587-2601. [PMID: 27506630 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Yuja (Citrus junos Tanaka) possesses various health benefits, but its effects on bone health are unknown. In this study, the preventative effects of yuja peel ethanol extract (YPEE) on osteopenia were determined in ovariectomized (OVX) rats, and the mechanisms by which YPEE and its flavanones regulate osteoblastogenesis were examined in vitro. METHODS AND RESULTS The effects of YPEE on osteoblastogenesis were investigated in MC3T3-E1 cells. YPEE promoted alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization, and the expression of osteoblast differentiation marker genes, such as ALP, runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), and osteocalcin. YPEE and its flavanones promoted osteoblast differentiation via BMP-2-mediated p38 and the Smad1/5/8 signaling pathway. YPEE supplementation significantly decreased body weight and increased uterine weight and bone mineral density in OVX rats. Based on a micro-CT analysis of femurs, YPEE significantly attenuated osteopenia and increased trabecular volume fraction, trabecular separation, and trabecular number (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Dietary YPEE has a protective effect on OVX-induced osteopenia. YPEE and its flavanones promote osteoblastogenesis via the activation of the BMP/p38/Smad/Runx2 pathways. These results extend our knowledge of the beneficial effects of YPEE and provide a basis for the development of novel therapies for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Joo Jeon
- Research Group of Nutrition and Diet, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Hye Lee
- Research Group of Metabolic Mechanism, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Yang-Ji Kim
- Research Group of Metabolic Mechanism, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Ahn
- Research Group of Metabolic Mechanism, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Research Group of Metabolic Mechanism, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Taek Hwang
- Research Group of Nutrition and Diet, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinyoung Hur
- Research Group of Metabolic Mechanism, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Kim
- Research Group of Metabolic Mechanism, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jin Jang
- Research Group of Metabolic Mechanism, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Youl Ha
- Research Group of Metabolic Mechanism, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Seo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Suk Lee
- Department of Analysis Support, Gyeonggi Institute of Science & Technology Promotion, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Jeong Sung
- Research Group of Nutrition and Diet, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hwa Jung
- Research Group of Metabolic Mechanism, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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Assefa AD, Saini RK, Keum YS. Extraction of antioxidants and flavonoids from yuzu (Citrus junos Sieb ex Tanaka) peels: a response surface methodology study. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-016-9405-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Activity of R(+) limonene on the maximum growth rate of fish spoilage organisms and related effects on shelf-life prolongation of fresh gilthead sea bream fillets. Int J Food Microbiol 2016; 237:109-113. [PMID: 27552348 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2016.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
R(+)limonene (LMN) is the major aromatic compound in essential oils obtained from oranges, grapefruits, and lemons. The improvement of preservation techniques to reduce the growth and activity of spoilage microorganisms in foods is crucial to increase their shelf life and to reduce the losses due to spoilage. The aim of this work is to evaluate the effect of LMN on the shelf life of fish fillets. Its effectiveness was preliminarily investigated in vitro against 60 strains of Specific Spoilage Organisms (SSOs) and then on gilt-head sea bream fillets stored at 2±0.5°C for 15days under vacuum. LMN showed a good inhibitory effect against tested SSOs strains. On gilt-head sea bream fillets, LMN inhibited the growth SSOs effectively, and its use resulted in a shelf-life extension of ca. 6-9days of treated fillets, compared to the control samples. The LMN addition in Sparus aurata fillets giving a distinctive smell and like-lemon taste to fish fillets that resulted pleasant to panellists. Its use contributed to a considerable reduction of fish spoilage given that the fillets treated with LMN were still sensory acceptable after 15days of storage. LMN may be used as an effective antimicrobial system to reduce the microbial growth and to improve the shelf life of fresh gilt-head sea bream fillets.
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Welling MT, Liu L, Rose TJ, Waters DLE, Benkendorff K. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: effects on plant terpenoid accumulation. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2016; 18:552-62. [PMID: 26499392 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are a diverse group of soil-dwelling fungi that form symbiotic associations with land plants. AMF-plant associations promote the accumulation of plant terpenoids beneficial to human health, although how AMF mediate terpenoid accumulation is not fully understood. A critical assessment and discussion of the literature relating to mechanisms by which AMF influence plant terpenoid accumulation, and whether this symbiosis can be harnessed in horticultural ecosystems was performed. Modification of plant morphology, phosphorus availability and gene transcription involved with terpenoid biosynthetic pathways were identified as key mechanisms associated with terpenoid accumulation in AMF-colonised plants. In order to exploit AMF-plant symbioses in horticultural ecosystems it is important to consider the specificity of the AMF-plant association, the predominant factor affecting terpenoid accumulation, as well as the end use application of the harvested plant material. Future research should focus on resolving the relationship between ecologically matched AMF genotypes and terpenoid accumulation in plants to establish if these associations are effective in promoting mechanisms favourable for plant terpenoid accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Welling
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - L Liu
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - T J Rose
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
- Southern Cross GeoScience, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - D L E Waters
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - K Benkendorff
- School of Environment, Science & Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
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Amorim JL, Simas DLR, Pinheiro MMG, Moreno DSA, Alviano CS, da Silva AJR, Dias Fernandes P. Anti-Inflammatory Properties and Chemical Characterization of the Essential Oils of Four Citrus Species. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153643. [PMID: 27088973 PMCID: PMC4835072 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrus fruits have potential health-promoting properties and their essential oils have long been used in several applications. Due to biological effects described to some citrus species in this study our objectives were to analyze and compare the phytochemical composition and evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of essential oils (EO) obtained from four different Citrus species. Mice were treated with EO obtained from C. limon, C. latifolia, C. aurantifolia or C. limonia (10 to 100 mg/kg, p.o.) and their anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated in chemical induced inflammation (formalin-induced licking response) and carrageenan-induced inflammation in the subcutaneous air pouch model. A possible antinociceptive effect was evaluated in the hot plate model. Phytochemical analyses indicated the presence of geranial, limonene, γ-terpinene and others. EOs from C. limon, C. aurantifolia and C. limonia exhibited anti-inflammatory effects by reducing cell migration, cytokine production and protein extravasation induced by carrageenan. These effects were also obtained with similar amounts of pure limonene. It was also observed that C. aurantifolia induced myelotoxicity in mice. Anti-inflammatory effect of C. limon and C. limonia is probably due to their large quantities of limonene, while the myelotoxicity observed with C. aurantifolia is most likely due to the high concentration of citral. Our results indicate that these EOs from C. limon, C. aurantifolia and C. limonia have a significant anti-inflammatory effect; however, care should be taken with C. aurantifolia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Luis Amorim
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Laboratório de Farmacologia da Dor e da Inflamação, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Daniel Luiz Reis Simas
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Pesquisa de Produtos Naturais, Laboratório de Análise Fitoquímica, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Mariana Martins Gomes Pinheiro
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Laboratório de Farmacologia da Dor e da Inflamação, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Daniela Sales Alviano Moreno
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Laboratório de Estruturas de Superfície de Micro-organismos, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Celuta Sales Alviano
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Laboratório de Estruturas de Superfície de Micro-organismos, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Antonio Jorge Ribeiro da Silva
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Pesquisa de Produtos Naturais, Laboratório de Análise Fitoquímica, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Patricia Dias Fernandes
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Laboratório de Farmacologia da Dor e da Inflamação, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- * E-mail: ;
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Xia W, Mo H. Potential of tocotrienols in the prevention and therapy of Alzheimer's disease. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 31:1-9. [PMID: 27133418 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Currently there is no cure for Alzheimer's disease (AD); clinical trials are underway to reduce amyloid generation and deposition, a neuropathological hallmark in brains of AD patients. While genetic factors and neuroinflammation contribute significantly to AD pathogenesis, whether increased cholesterol level is a causative factor or a result of AD is equivocal. Prenylation of proteins regulating neuronal functions requires mevalonate-derived farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP). The observation that the levels of FPP and GGPP, but not that of cholesterol, are elevated in AD patients is consistent with the finding that statins, competitive inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase, reduce FPP and GGPP levels and amyloid β protein production in preclinical studies. Retrospective studies show inverse correlations between incidence of AD and the intake and serum levels of the HMG CoA reductase-suppressive tocotrienols; tocopherols show mixed results. Tocotrienols, but not tocopherols, block the processing and nuclear localization of sterol regulatory element binding protein-2, the transcriptional factor for HMG CoA reductase and FPP synthase, and enhance the degradation of HMG CoA reductase. Consequently, tocotrienols deplete the pool of FPP and GGPP and potentially blunt prenylation-dependent AD pathogenesis. The antiinflammatory activity of tocotrienols further contributes to their protection against AD. The mevalonate- and inflammation-suppressive activities of tocotrienols may represent those of an estimated 23,000 mevalonate-derived plant secondary metabolites called isoprenoids, many of which are neuroprotective. Tocotrienol-containing plant foods and tocotrienol derivatives and formulations with enhanced bioavailability may offer a novel approach in AD prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Xia
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, ENR Memorial Veterans Hospital, Bedford, MA.
| | - Huanbiao Mo
- Department of Nutrition, Byrdine F. Lewis School of Nursing and Health Professions, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA; Center for Obesity Reversal, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA.
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Sumitomo K, Akutsu H, Fukuyama S, Minoshima A, Kukita S, Yamamura Y, Sato Y, Hayasaka T, Osanai S, Funakoshi H, Hasebe N, Nakamura M. Conifer-Derived Monoterpenes and Forest Walking. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 4:A0042. [PMID: 26819913 DOI: 10.5702/massspectrometry.a0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Conifer and broadleaf trees emit volatile organic compounds in the summer. The major components of these emissions are volatile monoterpenes. Using solid phase microextraction fiber as the adsorbant, monoterpenes were successfully detected and identified in forest air samples. Gas chromatography/mass chromatogram of monoterpenes in the atmosphere of a conifer forest and that of serum from subjects who were walking in a forest were found to be similar each other. The amounts of α-pinene in the subjects became several folds higher after forest walking. The results indicate that monoterpenes in the atmosphere of conifer forests are transferred to and accumulate in subjects by inhalation while they are exposed to this type of environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Sumitomo
- Cardiovascular Respiratory Frontier of Medical Renovation, Asahikawa Medical University
| | - Hiroaki Akutsu
- Center for Advanced Research and Education, Asahikawa Medical University
| | - Syusei Fukuyama
- Cardiovascular Respiratory Frontier of Medical Renovation, Asahikawa Medical University
| | - Akiho Minoshima
- Cardiovascular Respiratory Frontier of Medical Renovation, Asahikawa Medical University
| | - Shin Kukita
- Cardiovascular Respiratory Frontier of Medical Renovation, Asahikawa Medical University
| | - Yuji Yamamura
- Cardiovascular Respiratory Frontier of Medical Renovation, Asahikawa Medical University
| | - Yoshiaki Sato
- Cardiovascular Respiratory Frontier of Medical Renovation, Asahikawa Medical University
| | - Taiki Hayasaka
- Cardiovascular Respiratory Frontier of Medical Renovation, Asahikawa Medical University
| | - Shinobu Osanai
- Cardiovascular Respiratory Frontier of Medical Renovation, Asahikawa Medical University
| | - Hiroshi Funakoshi
- Center for Advanced Research and Education, Asahikawa Medical University
| | | | - Masao Nakamura
- Cardiovascular Respiratory Frontier of Medical Renovation, Asahikawa Medical University
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Hwang JT, Yang HJ, Ha KC, So BO, Choi EK, Chae SW. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial to investigate the anti-diabetic effect of Citrus junos Tanaka peel. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Giarratana F, Muscolino D, Panebianco F, Patania A, Benianti C, Ziino G, Giuffrida A. Activity of R(+) Limonene Against Anisakis Larvae. Ital J Food Saf 2015; 4:5499. [PMID: 27800423 PMCID: PMC5076689 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2015.5499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work is to evaluate the activity of R(+) limonene of against Anisakidae larvae. Its effectiveness was tested in vitro. The results obtained showed a significant activity of the compound against Anisakis larvae, suggesting further investigation on its potential use in the industrial marinating process. In this regard, the use of R(+) limonene in seafood products could be interesting, also due the sensory attributes resulting from its use and its relatively safe status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Giarratana
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina , Messina, Italy
| | - Daniele Muscolino
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina , Messina, Italy
| | - Felice Panebianco
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina , Messina, Italy
| | - Andrea Patania
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina , Messina, Italy
| | - Chiara Benianti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina , Messina, Italy
| | - Graziella Ziino
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina , Messina, Italy
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Schepetkin IA, Kushnarenko SV, Özek G, Kirpotina LN, Utegenova GA, Kotukhov YA, Danilova AN, Özek T, Başer KHC, Quinn MT. Inhibition of Human Neutrophil Responses by the Essential Oil of Artemisia kotuchovii and Its Constituents. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:4999-5007. [PMID: 25959257 PMCID: PMC4479122 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b01307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation of the flowers+leaves and stems of Artemisia kotuchovii Kupr. (AKEO(f+l) and AKEO(stm), respectively) and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The primary components of the oils were estragole, (E)- and (Z)-β-ocimenes, methyleugenol, limonene, spathulenol, β-pinene, myrcene, and (E)-methyl cinnamate. Seventy-four constituents were present at concentrations from 0.1 to 1.0%, and 34 compounds were identified in trace (<0.1%) amounts in one or both plant components. Screening of the essential oils for biological activity showed that AKEO(stm), but not AKEOf+l, inhibited N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLF)-stimulated Ca(2+) flux and chemotaxis and phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA)-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in human neutrophils. Selected pure constituents, representing >96% of the AKEO(stm) composition, were also tested in human neutrophils and HL-60 cells transfected with N-formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1). One component, 6-methyl-3,5-heptadien-2-one (MHDO), inhibited fMLF- and interleukin 8 (IL-8)-stimulated Ca(2+) flux, fMLF-induced chemotaxis, and PMA-induced ROS production in human neutrophils. MHDO also inhibited fMLF-induced Ca(2+) flux in FPR1-HL60 cells. These results suggest that MHDO may be effective in modulating some innate immune responses, possibly by inhibition of neutrophil migration and ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor A Schepetkin
- †Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | | | - Gulmira Özek
- #Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir 26470, Turkey
| | - Liliya N Kirpotina
- †Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Gulzhakhan A Utegenova
- §Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Almaty 050040, Republic of Kazakhstan
- ΔFaculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 al-Farabi Avenue, 050038 Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | | | | | - Temel Özek
- #Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir 26470, Turkey
| | - K Hüsnü Can Başer
- #Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir 26470, Turkey
- ○Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mark T Quinn
- †Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
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Souza MTDS, Almeida JRGDS, Araujo AADS, Duarte MC, Gelain DP, Moreira JCF, dos Santos MRV, Quintans-Júnior LJ. Structure–activity relationship of terpenes with anti-inflammatory profile – a systematic review. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2015; 115:244-56. [PMID: 25275147 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a complex biological response that in spite of having available treatments, their side effects limit their usefulness. Because of this, natural products have been the subject of incessant studies, among which the class of terpenes stands out. They have been the source of study for the development of anti-inflammatory drugs, once their chemical diversity is well suited to provide skeleton for future anti-inflammatory drugs. This systematic review reports the studies present in the literature that evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of terpenes suffering any change in their structures, assessing whether these changes also brought changes in their effects. The search terms anti-inflammatory agents, terpenes, and structure–activity relationship were used to retrieve English language articles in SCOPUS, PUBMED and EMBASE published between January 2002 and August 2013. Twenty-seven papers were found concerning the structural modification of terpenes with the evaluation of antiinflammatory activity. The data reviewed here suggest that modified terpenes are an interesting tool for the development of new anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Avelar-Freitas BA, Almeida VG, Santos MG, Santos JA, Barroso PR, Grael CF, Gregório LE, Rocha-Vieira E, Brito-Melo GE. Essential oil from Ageratum fastigiatum reduces expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha in peripheral blood leukocytes subjected to in vitro stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Li R, Yang JJ, Shi YX, Zhao M, Ji KL, Zhang P, Xu YK, Hu HB. Chemical composition, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities of the essential oil from Maqian (Zanthoxylum myriacanthum var. pubescens) in Xishuangbanna, SW China. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 158 Pt A:43-48. [PMID: 25448503 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Maqian (Zanthoxylum myriacanthum var. pubescens Huang) is widely consumed as an indigenous remedy for digestive disorders, detoxification, detumescence and analgesia by the ethnic groups in Xishuangbanna, SW China. A related species, Huajiao (Zanthoxylum schinifolium Sieb. et Zucc.), has similar uses in traditional Chinese medicine. We aimed to scientifically validate the traditional uses by investigating and comparing the chemical composition, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities of the essential oils of Maqian and Huajiao. MATERIALS AND METHODS Essential oils were collected from the fruits of Maqian and Huajiao by simultaneous distillation extraction and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. To assess antimicrobial activity, the minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (MIC and MBC) against 7 microbial strains, including 5 food-borne pathogens, were evaluated by serial dilution with a standardized microdilution broth methodology. For anti-inflammatory activity, the cell viability and nitric oxide (NO) production were determined on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells by MTS assay and the Griess reagent system, respectively. RESULTS The essential oil from Maqian is rich in limonene (67.06%) and has strong antimicrobial activity against the tested pathogens and spoilage organisms, with MIC ranging from 64 to1024µg/ml and MBC ranging from 64 to 2048µg/ml. It also showed anti-inflammatory activity by significantly inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) production induced by LPS in RAW 264.7 cells at 0.04‰ without effects on cell viability. Furthermore, it showed relatively stronger antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities than the essential oil from Huajiao. CONCLUSIONS Our findings not only justify the use of Maqian as an indigenous remedy for digestive disorders, detoxification, detumescence and analgesia, but also suggest that it could be promoted as a preferred substitute for Huajiao.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jing-jing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yin-xian Shi
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Min Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Kai-long Ji
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, PR China
| | - You-kai Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, PR China
| | - Hua-bin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, PR China.
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Garcia M, Elsasser TH, Biswas D, Moyes KM. The effect of citrus-derived oil on bovine blood neutrophil function and gene expression in vitro. J Dairy Sci 2014; 98:918-26. [PMID: 25434342 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2014-8450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Research on the use of natural products to treat or prevent microbial invasion as alternatives to antibiotic use is growing. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) play a vital role with regard to the innate immune response that affects severity or duration of mastitis. To our knowledge, effect of cold-pressed terpeneless Valencia orange oil (TCO) on bovine PMNL function has not been elucidated. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of TCO on bovine blood PMNL chemotaxis and phagocytosis capabilities and the expression of genes involved in inflammatory response in vitro. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes were isolated from jugular blood of 12 Holstein cows in mid-lactation and were incubated with 0.0 or 0.01% TCO for 120min at 37°C and 5% CO2, and phagocytosis (2×10(6) PMNL) and chemotaxis (6×10(6) PMNL) assays were then performed in vitro. For gene expression, RNA was extracted from incubated PMNL (6×10(6) PMNL), and gene expression was analyzed using quantitative PCR. The supernatant was stored at -80°C for analysis of tumor necrosis factor-α. Data were analyzed using a general linear mixed model with cow and treatment (i.e., control or TCO) in the model statement. In vitro supplementation of 0.01% of TCO increased the chemotactic ability to IL-8 by 47%; however, migration of PMNL to complement 5a was not altered. Treatment did not affect the production of tumor necrosis factor-α by PMNL. Expression of proinflammatory genes (i.e., SELL, TLR4, IRAK1, TRAF6, and LYZ) coding for proteins was not altered by incubation of PMNL with TCO. However, downregulation of TLR2 [fold change (FC=treatment/control)=-2.14], NFKBIA (FC=1.82), IL1B (FC=-2.16), TNFA (FC=-9.43), and SOD2 (FC=-1.57) was observed for PMNL incubated with TCO when compared with controls. Interestingly, expression of IL10, a well-known antiinflammatory cytokine, was also downregulated (FC=-3.78), whereas expression of IL8 (FC=1.93), a gene coding for the cytokine IL-8 known for its chemotactic function, tended to be upregulated in PMNL incubated with TCO. Incubation of PMNL with TCO enhanced PMNL chemotaxis in vitro. The expression of genes involved in the inflammatory response was primarily downregulated. Results showed that 0.01% TCO did not impair the function of PMNL in vitro. Future studies investigating the use of TCO as an alternative therapy for treatment of mastitis, including dose and duration, for cows during lactation are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Garcia
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park 20742
| | - T H Elsasser
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Growth Biology Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705
| | - D Biswas
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park 20742
| | - K M Moyes
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park 20742.
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Sánchez JAC, Elamrani A. Nutrigenomics of Essential Oils and their Potential Domestic Use for Improving Health. Nat Prod Commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1400901128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of essential oils as industrial food additives is notorious, like their medicinal properties. However, their use in household food spicing is for now limited. In this work, we have made a review to reveal the nutrigenomic actions exerted by their bioactive components, to promote awareness of their modulating gene expression ability and the potential that this implies. Also considered is how essential oils can be used as flavoring and seasoning after cooking and before consumption, such as diet components which can improve human health. Genetic mechanisms involved in the medicinal properties of essential oils for food use are identified from literature. These genetic mechanisms reveal nutrigenomic actions. Reviews on the medicinal properties of essential oils have been particularly considered. A wide diversity of nutrigenomic effects from essential oils useful potentially for food spicing is reviewed. General ideas are discussed about essential oils and their properties, such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, immunomodulatory, anticancer, hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic, anti-diabetic, antioxidant, bone-reparation, anti-depressant and mitigatory for Alzheimer's disease. The essential oils for food use are potentially promoting health agents, and, therefore, worth using as flavoring and condiments. Becoming aware of the modulating gene expression actions from essential oils is important for understanding their potential for use in household dishes as spices to improve health.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Antonio Cayuela Sánchez
- Instituto de la Grasa – CSIC, Department of Physiology and Technology of Plant Products. Avda. Padre García Tejero, 4 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Abdelaziz Elamrani
- Laboratoire Synthèse, Extraction et Etude Physico-Chimique des Molécules Organiques, Faculté des Sciences Aîn -Chock, B.P 5366 Mâarif, Casablanca, Morocco
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78
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Zang L, Shimada Y, Kawajiri J, Tanaka T, Nishimura N. Effects of Yuzu (Citrus junos Siebold ex Tanaka) peel on the diet-induced obesity in a zebrafish model. J Funct Foods 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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79
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Matsumoto T, Asakura H, Hayashi T. Effects of olfactory stimulation from the fragrance of the Japanese citrus fruit yuzu (Citrus junos Sieb. ex Tanaka) on mood states and salivary chromogranin A as an endocrinologic stress marker. J Altern Complement Med 2014; 20:500-6. [PMID: 24742226 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2013.0425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the soothing effects of fragrance from yuzu, a Japanese citrus fruit (Citrus junos Sieb. ex Tanaka), with salivary chromogranin A (CgA) used as an endocrinologic stress marker reflecting sympathetic nervous system activity. METHODS Twenty healthy women (mean age, 20.5 ± 0.1 years) participated in a randomized, controlled, crossover study. Participants were examined on two separate occasions-once using the yuzu scent and once using unscented water as a control-in the follicular phase. This experiment measured salivary CgA and the Profile of Mood States (POMS) as a psychological index before and after the aromatic stimulation. RESULTS Ten-minute inhalation of the yuzu scent significantly decreased salivary CgA. At 30 minutes after the inhalation period, the salivary CgA level further decreased. In addition, POMS revealed that inhalation of the aromatic yuzu oil significantly decreased total mood disturbance, a global measure of affective state, as well as four subscores of emotional symptoms (tension-anxiety, depression-dejection, anger-hostility, and confusion), as long as 30 minutes after the olfactory stimulation. CONCLUSIONS Yuzu's aromatic effects may alleviate negative emotional stress, which, at least in part, would contribute to the suppression of sympathetic nervous system activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamaki Matsumoto
- 1 Department of Health Education, Faculty of Education, Shitennoji University , Osaka, Japan
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80
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Mok JY, Jeon IH, Cho JK, Park JM, Kim HS, Kang HJ, Kim HS, Jang SI. Effect of Persimmon Leaf Extract on Phthalic Anhydride-induced Allergic Response in Mice. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2014; 17:14-21. [PMID: 24471058 PMCID: PMC3866758 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2012.17.1.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-allergy activities of persimmon leaf extract (PLE) on a phthalic anhydride (PA)-induced allergic mouse model. A human leukemic mast cell line (HMC-1) was used to examine the inhibitory activity of PLE on the histamine release by human leukemic mast cells. PLE inhibited histamine release from HMC-1 cells in response to cross-linkage of high-affinity IgE receptor-α (FcεRIα). Additionally, a PA-induced allergic mouse model was used to investigate the effects of PLE in vivo. Mice were orally administrated with or without PLE of single dose (250 mg/kg/day) for 31 days. Oral intake of PLE significantly inhibited passive cutaneous reactions. Oral administration of PLE to PA-induced allergic mice also led to a striking suppression of the development of contact dermatitis, ear swelling and lymph node weight. In addition, PA-specific IL-4 production of draining lymph node cells was markedly diminished by PLE oral administration, but not IFN-γ. Furthermore, PLE treatment suppressed PA-induced thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (CCL17) and cutaneous T cell-attracting chemokine (CCL27) expressions in ear tissues. Based on these results, we suggest that PLE may have therapeutic potential as an effective material for management of irritant contact dermatitis or related inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Ye Mok
- Jeonju University Atopy & Health Research Institute, Jeonbuk 560-759, Korea
| | - In Hwa Jeon
- School of Alternative Medicine & Health Science, Jeonbuk 560-759, Korea
| | - Jung-Keun Cho
- Department of Radiological Science, College of Alternative Medicine, Jeonju University, Jeonbuk 560-759, Korea
| | - Ji Min Park
- School of Alternative Medicine & Health Science, Jeonbuk 560-759, Korea
| | - Hyeon Soo Kim
- School of Alternative Medicine & Health Science, Jeonbuk 560-759, Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Kang
- School of Alternative Medicine & Health Science, Jeonbuk 560-759, Korea
| | | | - Seon Il Jang
- Jeonju University Atopy & Health Research Institute, Jeonbuk 560-759, Korea ; School of Alternative Medicine & Health Science, Jeonbuk 560-759, Korea
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81
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Kim JA, Park HS, Park KI, Hong GE, Nagappan A, Zhang J, Han DY, Shin SC, Won CG, Kim EH, Kim GS. Proteome Analysis of the Anti-inflammatory Response of Flavonoids Isolated from Korean Citrus aurantium L. in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced L6 Rat Skeletal Muscle Cells. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2013; 41:901-12. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x13500602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is an important organ in our body and a dynamic composite of proteins. Citrus aurantium L. has been widely used in oriental medicine in Eastern Asia for a long time. It contains over 100 bioactive compounds and flavonoids that regulate the inflammatory response and tumorigenesis, through various mechanisms. In the present study, we investigated changes in the protein pattern using two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF/MS) to assess the anti-inflammatory effect of flavonoids isolated from Korean C. aurantium L. in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced L6 cells. L6 skeletal muscle cells were pretreated with flavonoids for 1 h and stimulated with LPS for 24 h. Proteins from the L6 cells of the control, LPS treated and flavonoid treated groups were extracted and resolved by 2-DE using pH 4–7 IPG strips loaded with 150 μg of protein. Forty-one differentially expressed protein spots were identified (more than two-fold was considered significant, p < 0.05), and 18 were detected by MALDI-TOF/MS. These results suggest that proteomics can be used to identify changes in the expression of marker proteins and the anti-inflammatory effect of flavonoids isolated from Korean C. aurantium L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-A Kim
- Korea National Animal Research Resource Center, Korea National Animal Bio-Resource Bank, Research Institute of Life Science, Gazwa, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Soo Park
- Research Institute of Life Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Il Park
- Research Institute of Life Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong-Eun Hong
- Research Institute of Life Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Arulkumar Nagappan
- Research Institute of Life Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dae-Yong Han
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Chul Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chung-Gil Won
- Research Institute of Life Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Kim
- Department of Nursing Science, International University of Korea, Sangmoon, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Gon-Sup Kim
- Research Institute of Life Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju, Republic of Korea
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82
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Iikura M, Yi S, Ichimura Y, Hori A, Izumi S, Sugiyama H, Kudo K, Mizoue T, Kobayashi N. Effect of lifestyle on asthma control in Japanese patients: importance of periodical exercise and raw vegetable diet. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68290. [PMID: 23874577 PMCID: PMC3706625 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The avoidance of inhaled allergens or tobacco smoke has been known to have
favorable effects on asthma control. However, it remains unclear whether
other lifestyle-related factors are also related to asthma control.
Therefore, a comprehensive study to examine the associations between various
lifestyle factors and asthma control was conducted in Japanese asthmatic
patients. Methods The study subjects included 437 stable asthmatic patients recruited from our
outpatient clinic over a one-year period. A written, informed consent was
obtained from each participant. Asthma control was assessed using the asthma
control test (ACT), and a structured questionnaire was administered to
obtain information regarding lifestyle factors, including tobacco smoking,
alcohol drinking, physical exercise, and diet. Both bivariate and
multivariate analyses were conducted. Results The proportions of total control (ACT = 25), well controlled (ACT = 20-24),
and poorly controlled (ACT < 20) were 27.5%, 48.1%, and 24.5%,
respectively. The proportions of patients in the asthma treatment steps as
measured by Global Initiative for Asthma 2007 in step 1, step 2, step 3,
step 4, and step 5 were 5.5%, 17.4%, 7.6%, 60.2%, and 9.4%, respectively.
Body mass index, direct tobacco smoking status and alcohol drinking were not
associated with asthma control. On the other hand, younger age (< 65
years old), passive smoking, periodical exercise (> 3 metabolic
equivalents-h/week), and raw vegetable intake (> 5 units/week) were
significantly associated with good asthma control by bivariate analysis.
Younger age, periodical exercise, and raw vegetable intake were
significantly associated with good asthma control by multiple linear
regression analysis. Conclusions Periodical exercise and raw vegetable intake are associated with good asthma
control in Japanese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoyasu Iikura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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83
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Yang HJ, Hwang JT, Kwon DY, Kim MJ, Kang S, Moon NR, Park S. Yuzu extract prevents cognitive decline and impaired glucose homeostasis in β-amyloid-infused rats. J Nutr 2013; 143:1093-9. [PMID: 23719224 DOI: 10.3945/jn.112.173401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Our preliminary study revealed that dementia induced by β-amyloid accumulation impairs peripheral glucose homeostasis (unpublished). We therefore evaluated whether long-term oral consumption of yuzu (Citrus junos Tanaka) extract improves cognitive dysfunction and glucose homeostasis in β-amyloid-induced rats. Male rats received hippocampal CA1 infusions of β-amyloid (25-35) [plaque forming β-amyloid; Alzheimer disease (AD)] or β-amyloid (35-25) [non-plaque forming β-amyloid; C (non-Alzheimer disease control)] at a rate of 3.6 nmol/d for 14 d. AD rats were divided into 2 dietary groups that received either 3% lyophilized 70% ethanol extracts of yuzu (AD-Y) or 3% dextrin (AD-C) in high-fat diets (43% energy as fat). The AD-C group exhibited greater hippocampal β-amyloid deposition, which was not detected in the C group, and attenuated hippocampal insulin signaling. Yuzu treatment prevented β-amyloid accumulation, increased tau phosphorylation, and attenuated hippocampal insulin signaling observed in AD-C rats. Consistent with β-amyloid accumulation, the AD-C rats experienced cognitive dysfunction, which was prevented by yuzu. AD-C rats gained less weight than did C rats due to decreased feed consumption, and yuzu treatment prevented the decrease in feed consumption. Serum glucose concentrations were higher in AD-C than in C rats at 40-120 min after glucose loading during an oral-glucose-tolerance test, but not at 0-40 min. Serum insulin concentrations were highly elevated in AD-C rats but not enough to lower serum glucose to normal concentrations, indicating that rats in the AD-C group had insulin resistance and a borderline diabetic state. Although AD-C rats were profoundly insulin resistant, AD-Y rats exhibited normal first and second phases of glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity and secretion. In conclusion, yuzu treatment prevented the cognitive dysfunction and impaired energy and glucose homeostasis induced by β-amyloid infusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jeong Yang
- Food Certification Center, Korean Food Research Institutes, Sungnam, South Korea
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84
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Citrus junos Tanaka Peel Extract Exerts Antidiabetic Effects via AMPK and PPAR-γ both In Vitro and In Vivo in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:921012. [PMID: 23762167 PMCID: PMC3674686 DOI: 10.1155/2013/921012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The antidiabetic effect of the Citrus junos Tanaka (also known as yuja or yuzu) was examined. Ethanol extract of yuja peel (YPEE) significantly stimulated 2-[N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino]-2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-NBDG) uptake in C2C12 myotubes. However, ethanol extract of yuja pulp (YpEE) and water extract of yuja peel (YPWE) or pulp (YpWE) did not stimulate glucose uptake. In addition, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activities were increased by YPEE in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment of AMPK inhibitor decreased the glucose uptake stimulated by YPEE in C2C12 myotubes. We confirmed the anti-diabetic effect of YPEE in mice fed a high fat-diet (HFD). Compared with control mice on a normal diet (ND), these mice showed increased body weight, liver fat, insulin resistance, triacylglycerol (TG), and total cholesterol content. Addition of 5% YPEE significantly reduced the weight gain and rise in liver fat content, serum triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol, and insulin resistance found in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Moreover, YPEE reduced the secretion of HFD-induced adipocytokines such as leptin and resistin. YPEE also resulted in increased phosphorylation of AMPK in muscle tissues. These results suggest that ethanol extract of yuja peel exerts anti-diabetic effects via AMPK and PPAR-γ in both cell culture and mouse models.
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85
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Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Citrus latifolia Tanaka Essential Oil and Limonene in Experimental Mouse Models. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:859083. [PMID: 23762165 PMCID: PMC3671226 DOI: 10.1155/2013/859083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Revised: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The genus Citrus (Rutaceae) includes several species of plants that produce some of the most cultivated fruits in the world, providing an appreciable content of essential oil. In folk medicine, they are used as a cholagogue, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, sedative, and antitoxic effects. Lemon essential oil has been used since ancient times for its antiseptic, carminative, diuretic, and eupeptic effects. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of Citrus latifolia Tanaka essential oil (CLEO) and its main constituent LIM. In the cell viability assay, CLEO and LIM (3, 10, 30, and 90 μ g/mL) had low cytotoxicity. In zymosan-induced peritonitis, LIM (500 mg/kg) decreased the infiltration of peritoneal exudate leukocytes and decreased the number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. In vitro chemotaxis revealed that CLEO and LIM (1, 3, and 10 µg/mL) promoted a significant reduction of neutrophil migration toward fMLP and LTB4. LIM (500 mg/kg) also reduced TNF- α levels but did not alter IL-10 levels in the peritoneal exudate. In conclusion, this study showed that LIM isolated from CLEO had potential anti-inflammatory effects, likely by inhibiting proinflammatory mediators present in inflammatory exudate and leukocyte chemotaxis.
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86
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de Cássia da Silveira e Sá R, Andrade LN, de Sousa DP. A review on anti-inflammatory activity of monoterpenes. Molecules 2013; 18:1227-54. [PMID: 23334570 PMCID: PMC6269770 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18011227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 272] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2012] [Revised: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Faced with the need to find new anti-inflammatory agents, great effort has been expended on the development of drugs for the treatment of inflammation. This disorder reduces the quality of life and overall average productivity, causing huge financial losses. In this review the anti-inflammatory activity of 32 bioactive monoterpenes found in essential oils is discussed. The data demonstrate the pharmacological potential of this group of natural chemicals to act as anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luciana Nalone Andrade
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, CEP 49100-000, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
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87
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Suppression of MAPK and NF-κB Pathways by Limonene Contributes to Attenuation of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Responses in Acute Lung Injury. Inflammation 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-012-9571-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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88
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Satou T, Miyahara N, Murakami S, Hayashi S, Koike K. Differences in the effects of essential oil fromCitrus junosand (+)-limonene on emotional behavior in mice. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2012.705100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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89
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Hirota R, Nakamura H, Bhatti SA, Ngatu NR, Muzembo BA, Dumavibhat N, Eitoku M, Sawamura M, Suganuma N. Limonene inhalation reduces allergic airway inflammation in Dermatophagoides farinae-treated mice. Inhal Toxicol 2012; 24:373-81. [PMID: 22564095 DOI: 10.3109/08958378.2012.675528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Limonene is one of the main flavonoids which is reported to inhibit the inflammatory response by suppressing the production of reactive oxygen species. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether limonene can inhibit Dermatophagoides farinae-induced airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), eosinophilic infiltration and other histological changes in the lung, T helper (Th) 2 cytokine production and airway remodeling in a mice model of asthma. Treatment with limonene significantly reduced the levels of IL-5, IL-13, eotaxin, MCP-1, and TGF-β₁ in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The goblet cell metaplasia, thickness of airway smooth muscle, and airway fibrosis were markedly decreased in limonene-treated mice. Furthermore, AHR to acetylcholine was significantly abrogated in limonene-treated mice. These results indicate that limonene has a potential to reduce airway remodeling and AHR in asthma model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoji Hirota
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Kohasu, Oko, Nankoku, Japan.
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90
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Taga I, Lan CQ, Altosaar I. Plant Essential Oils and Mastitis Disease: Their Potential Inhibitory Effects on Pro-inflammatory Cytokine Production in Response to Bacteria Related Inflammation. Nat Prod Commun 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1200700534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper highlights the role of plant volatile organic compounds, found in essential oils, for the treatment of bacteria related inflammation. This report is focused on tea tree oil, particularly its main compound terpinen-4-ol. Analysis of the published literature shows that many essential oils have significant antibacterial, antifungal and anti-inflammatory effects. Some of their major components, such as terpinen-4-ol, act by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokine expression while stimulating production of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Such observations may be exploited to encourage biotherapy against mastitis. The use of synthetic antibiotics is being increasingly discouraged because their presence in dairy milk may have potential downstream effects on population health and the agri-food chain. In the context of inflammation and related mammalian responses, understanding the interplay between volatile organic compounds, especially terpinen-4-ol, and cytokines during bacteria related inflammation should clarify their mode of action to control mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Taga
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Christopher Q. Lan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Illimar Altosaar
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8M5, Canada
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Guimarães AG, Quintans JSS, Quintans-Júnior LJ. Monoterpenes with Analgesic Activity-A Systematic Review. Phytother Res 2012; 27:1-15. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2011] [Revised: 03/03/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana G. Guimarães
- Departamento de Fisiologia; Universidade Federal de Sergipe (DFS/UFS); São Cristóvão SE Brazil
| | - Jullyana S. S. Quintans
- Departamento de Fisiologia; Universidade Federal de Sergipe (DFS/UFS); São Cristóvão SE Brazil
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Oh HA, Ryu JG, Cha WS, Kim HM, Jeong HJ. Therapeutic effects of traditional Korean medicine, Jeechool-Whan in allergic rhinitis model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.5667/tang.2011.0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Marcuzzi A, Piscianz E, Girardelli M, Crovella S, Pontillo A. Defect in mevalonate pathway induces pyroptosis in Raw 264.7 murine monocytes. Apoptosis 2011; 16:882-8. [PMID: 21667041 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-011-0621-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The inhibition of mevalonate pathway by the aminobisphosphonate alendronate (ALD) has been previously associated with an augmented lipopolysaccharide-induced interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) secretion in monocytes, as demonstrated in an auto-inflammatory disease known as mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD). In this study we investigated the effect of ALD + LPS on monocyte cell line (Raw 264.7) death. ALD strongly augmented LPS-induced programmed cell death (PCD) as well as IL-1β secretion in Raw murine monocytes, whereas necrosis was rather unaffected. ALD + LPS induced caspase-3 activation. Inhibition of IL-1β stimulation partially restored cell viability. These findings suggest that the inhibition of mevalonate pathway, together with a bacterial stimulus, induce a PCD partly sustained by the caspase-3-related apoptosis and partly by caspase-1-associated pyroptosis. The involvement of pyroptosis is a novel hit in our cell model and opens discussions about its role in inflammatory cells with chemical or genetic inhibition of mevalonate pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Marcuzzi
- Medical Genetic Service, Institute for Maternal and Child Health "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy.
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Yu HY, Park SW, Chung IM, Jung YS. Anti-platelet effects of yuzu extract and its component. Food Chem Toxicol 2011; 49:3018-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2011] [Revised: 09/28/2011] [Accepted: 09/30/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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95
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Nogueira de Melo GA, Grespan R, Fonseca JP, Farinha TO, da Silva EL, Romero AL, Bersani-Amado CA, Cuman RKN. Inhibitory effects of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) essential oil on leukocyte migration in vivo and in vitro. J Nat Med 2011; 65:241-6. [PMID: 20981498 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-010-0479-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2010] [Accepted: 09/17/2010] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Zingiber officinale Roscoe, popular name ginger, is grown naturally in many parts of the world, including Brazil. Ginger is used in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food and beverage industries and the essential oil has been used in folk medicine for manifold conditions including as an analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antirheumatic. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) essential oil (GEO) in an in vitro chemotaxis assay and on leukocyte-endothelial interactions in vivo. GEO was analyzed by GC-MS and the main components identified were ar-curcumene (59%), β-myrcene (14%), 1,8-cineol (8%), citral (7.5%), and zingiberene (7.5%). Oral administration of GEO (200-500 mg/kg) reduced the rolling and leukocyte adherence after 2 h of carrageenan injection (100 μg) into the scrotal chamber. The number of leukocytes migrated to the perivascular tissue 4 h after the irritant stimulus was also diminished. GEO in all doses tested (10(-4), 10(-3), or 10(-2) μL/mL) caused a significant reduction of leukocyte chemotaxis (35.89 ± 4.33, 30.67 ± 0.70, and 35.85 ± 3.83%, respectively) toward casein stimuli. The data presented showed direct and systemic effects of GEO on leukocyte migration as an important mechanism of the anti-inflammatory action of ginger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gessilda Alcantara Nogueira de Melo
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, State University of Maringá, K-68, 106. Av. Colombo, 5790 Jd. Universitário., Maringá, PR, CEP 87020-900, Brazil
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