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Lv Y, Ma J, Wang Y, Wang Q, Lu X, Hu H, Qian Q, Guo L, Shang L. Loci and Natural Alleles for Low-Nitrogen-Induced Growth Response Revealed by the Genome-Wide Association Study Analysis in Rice ( Oryza sativa L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:770736. [PMID: 34804103 PMCID: PMC8602835 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.770736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen is essential for plant growth and yield, and it is, therefore, crucial to increase the nitrogen-use efficiency (NUE) of crop plants in fields. In this study, we measured four major low-nitrogen-induced growth response (LNGR) agronomic traits (i.e., plant height, tiller number, chlorophyll content, and leaf length) of the 225-rice-variety natural population from the Rice 3K Sequencing Project across normal nitrogen (NN) and low nitrogen (LN) environments. The LNGR phenotypic difference between NN and LN levels was used for gene analysis using a genome-wide association study (GWAS) combined with 111,205 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the available sequenced data from the 3K project. We obtained a total of 56 significantly associated SNPs and 4 candidate genes for 4 LNGR traits. Some loci were located in the candidate regions, such as MYB61, OsOAT, and MOC2. To further study the role of candidate genes, we conducted haplotype analyses to identify the elite germplasms. Moreover, several other plausible candidate genes encoding LN-related or NUE proteins were worthy of mining. Our study provides novel insight into the genetic control of LNGR and further reveals some related novel haplotypes and potential genes with phenotypic variation in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lv
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yueying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Quan Wang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xueli Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haitao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Longbiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lianguang Shang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
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Transporters and transcription factors gene families involved in improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and assimilation in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Transgenic Res 2021; 31:23-42. [PMID: 34524604 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-021-00284-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) as a macronutrient is an important determinant of plant growth. The excessive usage of chemical fertilizers is increasing environmental pollution; hence, the improvement of crop's nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is imperative for sustainable agriculture. N uptake, transportation, assimilation, and remobilization are four important determinants of plant NUE. Oryza sativa L. (rice) is a staple food for approximately half of the human population, around the globe and improvement in rice yield is pivotal for rice breeders. The N transporters, enzymes indulged in N assimilation, and several transcription factors affect the rice NUE and subsequent yield. Although, a couple of improvements have been made regarding rice NUE, the knowledge about regulatory mechanisms operating NUE is scarce. The current review provides a precise knowledge of how rice plants detect soil N and how this detection is translated into the language of responses that regulate the growth. Additionally, the transcription factors that control N-associated genes in rice are discussed in detail. This mechanistic insight will help the researchers to improve rice yield with minimized use of chemical fertilizers.
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Molecular Regulatory Networks for Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22169040. [PMID: 34445746 PMCID: PMC8396546 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22169040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen is an important factor limiting the growth and yield of rice. However, the excessive application of nitrogen will lead to water eutrophication and economic costs. To create rice varieties with high nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) has always been an arduous task in rice breeding. The processes for improving NUE include nitrogen uptake, nitrogen transport from root to shoot, nitrogen assimilation, and nitrogen redistribution, with each step being indispensable to the improvement of NUE. Here, we summarize the effects of absorption, transport, and metabolism of nitrate, ammonium, and amino acids on NUE, as well as the role of hormones in improving rice NUE. Our discussion provide insight for further research in the future.
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Wang K, Xu F, Yuan W, Sun L, Wang S, Aslam MM, Zhang J, Xu W. G protein γ subunit qPE9-1 is involved in rice adaptation under elevated CO 2 concentration by regulating leaf photosynthesis. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 14:67. [PMID: 34264430 PMCID: PMC8282829 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-021-00507-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
G protein γ subunit qPE9-1 plays multiple roles in rice growth and development. However, the role of qPE9-1 in rice exposed to elevated carbon dioxide concentration (eCO2) is unknown. Here, we investigated its role in the regulation of rice growth under eCO2 conditions using qPE9-1 overexpression (OE) lines, RNAi lines and corresponding WT rice. Compared to atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration (aCO2), relative expression of qPE9-1 in rice leaf was approximately tenfold higher under eCO2. Under eCO2, the growth of WT and qPE9-1-overexpressing rice was significantly higher than under aCO2. Moreover, there was no significant effect of eCO2 on the growth of qPE9-1 RNAi lines. Furthermore, WT and qPE9-1-overexpressing rice showed higher net photosynthetic rate and carbohydrate content under eCO2 than under aCO2. Moreover, the relative expression of some photosynthesis related genes in WT, but not in RNAi3 line, showed significant difference under eCO2 in RNA-seq analysis. Compared to WT and RNAi lines, the rbcL gene expression and Rubisco content of rice leaves in qPE9-1-overexpressors were higher under eCO2. Overall, these results suggest that qPE9-1 is involved in rice adaptation under elevated CO2 concentration by regulating leaf photosynthesis via moderating rice photosynthetic light reaction and Rubisco content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crop and College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002, Fuzhou, China
| | - Feiyun Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crop and College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crop and College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Leyun Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crop and College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shaoxian Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crop and College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mehtab Muhammad Aslam
- College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crop and College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Weifeng Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crop and College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002, Fuzhou, China.
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Wei YM, Ren ZJ, Wang BH, Zhang L, Zhao YJ, Wu JW, Li LG, Zhang XS, Zhao XY. A nitrate transporter encoded by ZmNPF7.9 is essential for maize seed development. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 308:110901. [PMID: 34034862 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.110901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen is an essential macronutrient for plants and regulates many aspects of plant growth and development. Nitrate is one of the major forms of nitrogen in plants. However, the role of nitrate uptake and allocation in seed development is not fully understood. Here, we identified the maize (Zea mays) small-kernel mutant zmnpf7.9 and characterized the candidate gene, ZmNPF7.9, which was the same gene as nitrate transport 1.5 (NRT1.5) in maize. This gene is specifically expressed in the basal endosperm transfer layer cells of maize endosperm. Dysfunction of ZmNPF7.9 resulted in delayed endosperm development, abnormal starch deposition and decreased hundred-grain weight. Functional analysis of cRNA-injected Xenopus oocytes showed that ZmNPF7.9 is a low-affinity, pH-dependent bidirectional nitrate transporter. Moreover, the amount of nitrate in mature seeds of the zmnpf7.9 mutant was reduced. These suggest that ZmNPF7.9 is involved in delivering nitrate from maternal tissues to the developing endosperm. Moreover, most of the key genes associated with glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, carbon fixation, carbon metabolism and biosynthesis of amino acids pathways in the zmnpf7.9 mutant were significantly down-regulated. Thus, our results demonstrate that ZmNPF7.9 plays a specific role in seed development and grain weight by regulating nutrition transport and metabolism, which might provide useful information for maize genetic improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ming Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Zhi Jie Ren
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Bo Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Ya Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Jia Wen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Le Gong Li
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xian Sheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China; College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Xiang Yu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China; College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China.
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Sevanthi AM, Sinha SK, V S, Rani M, Saini MR, Kumari S, Kaushik M, Prakash C, K V, Singh GP, Mohapatra T, Mandal PK. Integration of Dual Stress Transcriptomes and Major QTLs from a Pair of Genotypes Contrasting for Drought and Chronic Nitrogen Starvation Identifies Key Stress Responsive Genes in Rice. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 14:49. [PMID: 34089405 PMCID: PMC8179884 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-021-00487-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We report here the genome-wide changes resulting from low N (N-W+), low water (N+W-)) and dual stresses (N-W-) in root and shoot tissues of two rice genotypes, namely, IR 64 (IR64) and Nagina 22 (N22), and their association with the QTLs for nitrogen use efficiency. For all the root parameters, except for root length under N-W+, N22 performed better than IR64. Chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid content were higher in IR64 under N+W+ treatment and N-W+ and N+W- stresses; however, under dual stress, N22 had higher chlorophyll b content. While nitrite reductase, glutamate synthase (GS) and citrate synthase assays showed better specific activity in IR64, glutamate dehydrogenase showed better specific activity in N22 under dual stress (N-W-); the other N and C assimilating enzymes showed similar but low specific activities in both the genotypes. A total of 8926 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified compared to optimal (N+W+) condition from across all treatments. While 1174, 698 and 903 DEGs in IR64 roots and 1197, 187 and 781 in N22 roots were identified, nearly double the number of DEGs were found in the shoot tissues; 3357, 1006 and 4005 in IR64 and 4004, 990 and 2143 in N22, under N-W+, N+W- and N-W- treatments, respectively. IR64 and N22 showed differential expression in 15 and 11 N-transporter genes respectively, under one or more stress treatments, out of which four showed differential expression also in N+W- condition. The negative regulators of N- stress, e.g., NIGT1, OsACTPK1 and OsBT were downregulated in IR64 while in N22, OsBT was not downregulated. Overall, N22 performed better under dual stress conditions owing to its better root architecture, chlorophyll and porphyrin synthesis and oxidative stress management. We identified 12 QTLs for seed and straw N content using 253 recombinant inbred lines derived from IR64 and N22 and a 5K SNP array. The QTL hotspot region on chromosome 6 comprised of 61 genes, of which, five were DEGs encoding for UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, serine threonine kinase, anthocyanidin 3-O-glucosyltransferase, and nitrate induced proteins. The DEGs, QTLs and candidate genes reported in this study can serve as a major resource for both rice improvement and functional biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Subodh Kumar Sinha
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Sureshkumar V
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Manju Rani
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Manish Ranjan Saini
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Sapna Kumari
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Megha Kaushik
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Chandra Prakash
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Venkatesh K
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, 132001, India
| | - G P Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, 132001, India
| | - Trilochan Mohapatra
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Krishi Bhavan, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - Pranab Kumar Mandal
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India.
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Fan X, Liu L, Qian K, Chen J, Zhang Y, Xie P, Xu M, Hu Z, Yan W, Wu Y, Xu G, Fan X. Plant DNA methylation is sensitive to parent seed N content and influences the growth of rice. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:211. [PMID: 33975546 PMCID: PMC8111971 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-02953-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitrogen (N) is an important nutrient for plant growth, development, and agricultural production. Nitrogen stress could induce epigenetic changes in plants. In our research, overexpression of the OsNAR2.1 line was used as a testing target in rice plants with high nitrogen-use efficiency to study the changes of rice methylation and growth in respond of the endogenous and external nitrogen stress. RESULTS Our results showed that external N deficiency could decrease seed N content and plant growth of the overexpression line. During the filial growth, we found that the low parent seed nitrogen (LPSN) in the overexpression line could lead to a decrease in the filial seed nitrogen content, total plant nitrogen content, yield, and OsNAR2.1 expression (28, 35, 23, and 55%, respectively) compared with high parent seed nitrogen (HPSN) in high nitrogen external supply. However, such decreases were not observed in wild type. Furthermore, methylation sequencing results showed that LPSN caused massive gene methylation changes, which enriched in over 20 GO pathways in the filial overexpression line, and the expression of OsNAR2.1 in LPSN filial overexpression plants was significantly reduced compared to HPSN filial plants in high external N, which was not shown in wild type. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that the parent seed nitrogen content decreased induced DNA methylation changes at the epigenetic level and significantly decreased the expression of OsNAR2.1, resulting in a heritable phenotype of N deficiency over two generations of the overexpression line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoru Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Laihua Liu
- Vazyme Biotech Co Ltd, Nanjing, 210033, China
| | - Kaiyun Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jingguang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- School of Agriculture, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yuyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Peng Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Man Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - WenKai Yan
- Bioinformatics Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yufeng Wu
- Bioinformatics Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiaorong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Liu C, Wu Q, Sun L, You X, Ye X, Wan Y, Wu X, Jiang L, Zhao G, Xiang D, Zou L. Nitrate dose-responsive transcriptome analysis identifies transcription factors and small secreted peptides involved in nitrogen response in Tartary buckwheat. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 162:1-13. [PMID: 33652200 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.) is an economically important pseudocereal crop, which can adapt well to extreme environments, including low nitrogen (LN) stress. However, little is known regarding the associated molecular mechanisms. In this study, the molecular mechanism of Tartary buckwheat roots in response to different doses of nitrate was investigated by combining physiological changes with transcriptional regulatory network. LN improved elongation and branching of lateral roots, indicating that the plasticity of lateral roots drives the adaption of Tartary buckwheat under LN condition. The roots of the seedlings that were cultivated under four N conditions were selected for RNA-Seq analysis. In total 1686 nitrate dose-responsive genes were identified. Of these genes, 16 genes encoding N transporters showed response to N availability, and they may play important roles in N transport and root system architecture in Tartary buckwheat roots. 108 transcription factors (TFs) showed dose-response to N availability, and they may regulate N response and root growth under varied N conditions by modulating the expression of N transporters. A NIN-like protein, FtNLP7, was identified and it may contribute to the transcriptional regulation of N transporters. Furthermore, 81 N-responsive genes were identified as the small secreted peptides (SSPs). 48 N-responsive SSPs were annotated as hypothetical proteins and they may be the species-specific proteins of Tartary buckwheat. This paper provides useful information for further investigation of the mechanisms underlying the adaptation of Tartary buckwheat under N-deficient condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, PR China
| | - Qi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, PR China
| | - Lu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, PR China
| | - Xiaoqing You
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, PR China
| | - Xueling Ye
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, PR China
| | - Yan Wan
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, PR China
| | - Xiaoyong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, PR China
| | - Liangzhen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, PR China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, PR China
| | - Dabing Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, PR China.
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, PR China.
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Wang X, Jain A, Huang X, Lan X, Xu L, Zhao G, Cong X, Zhang Z, Fan X, Hu F. Reducing phenanthrene uptake and translocation, and accumulation in the seeds by overexpressing OsNRT2.3b in rice. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 761:143690. [PMID: 33348216 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The uptake and accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in crops have gained much attention due to their toxicity to humans. Nitrogen (N) is an essential element for plant growth and has also been implicated in the acquisition and acropetal translocation of PAHs. OsNRT2.3b encodes a nitrate (NO3-) transporter that is involved in the acquisition and mobilization of N in rice. Here, we investigated whether overexpression of OsNRT2.3b would exert any mitigating influence on the uptake and translocation of phenanthrene (Phe, a model PAH) in transgenic rice (Oryza sativa). The wild-type seedlings exhibited a reduction in plant height, primary root length, and shoot biomass when grown hydroponically in a medium supplemented with Phe. Acquisition of Phe by the roots and its subsequent translocation to shoots increased concomitantly with an increase in Phe concentration in the medium and duration of the treatment. OsNRT2.3b-overexpressing lines (Ox-6 and Ox-8) were generated independently. Compared with the wild-type, the concentration of Phe in Ox-6 and Ox-8 were significantly lower in the roots (47%-54%) and shoots (22%-31%) grown hydroponically with Phe (1 mg/L). Further, the wild-type and Ox lines were grown to maturity in a pot soil under Phe conditions and the concentrations of Phe and total N were assayed in the culms and flag leaves. Compared with the wild-type, in Ox lines the concentration of total N significantly increased in the culms (288%-366%) and flag leaves (12%-25%), while that of Phe significantly reduced in the culms (25%-28%) and flag leaves (18%-21%). The results revealed an antagonistic correlation between the concentration of total N and Phe. The concentration of Phe was also significantly lower (29%-38%) in the seeds of Ox lines than the wild-type. The study highlighted the efficacy of overexpressing OsNRT2.3b in mitigating the Phe toxicity by attenuating its acquisition, mobilization, and allocation to the seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Wang
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ajay Jain
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Xu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaoxia Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Li Xu
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Gengmao Zhao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xin Cong
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhantian Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection & Resource and Environment, Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yantai 265500, China
| | - Xiaorong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Feng Hu
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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The SV, Snyder R, Tegeder M. Targeting Nitrogen Metabolism and Transport Processes to Improve Plant Nitrogen Use Efficiency. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 11:628366. [PMID: 33732269 PMCID: PMC7957077 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.628366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In agricultural cropping systems, relatively large amounts of nitrogen (N) are applied for plant growth and development, and to achieve high yields. However, with increasing N application, plant N use efficiency generally decreases, which results in losses of N into the environment and subsequently detrimental consequences for both ecosystems and human health. A strategy for reducing N input and environmental losses while maintaining or increasing plant performance is the development of crops that effectively obtain, distribute, and utilize the available N. Generally, N is acquired from the soil in the inorganic forms of nitrate or ammonium and assimilated in roots or leaves as amino acids. The amino acids may be used within the source organs, but they are also the principal N compounds transported from source to sink in support of metabolism and growth. N uptake, synthesis of amino acids, and their partitioning within sources and toward sinks, as well as N utilization within sinks represent potential bottlenecks in the effective use of N for vegetative and reproductive growth. This review addresses recent discoveries in N metabolism and transport and their relevance for improving N use efficiency under high and low N conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mechthild Tegeder
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
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Islam S, Zhang J, Zhao Y, She M, Ma W. Genetic regulation of the traits contributing to wheat nitrogen use efficiency. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 303:110759. [PMID: 33487345 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
High nitrogen application aimed at increasing crop yield is offset by higher production costs and negative environmental consequences. For wheat, only one third of the applied nitrogen is utilized, which indicates there is scope for increasing Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE). However, achieving greater NUE is challenged by the complexity of the trait, which comprises processes associated with nitrogen uptake, transport, reduction, assimilation, translocation and remobilization. Thus, knowledge of the genetic regulation of these processes is critical in increasing NUE. Although primary nitrogen uptake and metabolism-related genes have been well studied, the relative influence of each towards NUE is not fully understood. Recent attention has focused on engineering transcription factors and identification of miRNAs acting on expression of specific genes related to NUE. Knowledge obtained from model species needs to be translated into wheat using recently-released whole genome sequences, and by exploring genetic variations of NUE-related traits in wild relatives and ancient germplasm. Recent findings indicate the genetic basis of NUE is complex. Pyramiding various genes will be the most effective approach to achieve a satisfactory level of NUE in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahidul Islam
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Center, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Jingjuan Zhang
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Center, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Yun Zhao
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Center, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Maoyun She
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Center, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Wujun Ma
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Center, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia.
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Liu R, Cui B, Jia T, Song J. Role of Suaeda salsa SsNRT2.1 in nitrate uptake under low nitrate and high saline conditions. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 159:171-178. [PMID: 33383384 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The global annual loss in agricultural production resulting from soil salinization is significant. Although nitrate (NO3-) is known to play both nutritional and osmotic roles in the salt tolerance of halophytes, it remains unclear how halophytes such as Suaeda salsa L. take up NO3- under saline conditions. In the present study, the gene of nitrate transporter 2.1 (SsNRT2.1) was cloned from S. salsa and its function was identified in both S. salsa and Arabidopsis thaliana under salinity and low NO3--N (0.5 mM NO3-) conditions. The results revealed that SsNRT2.1 expression and NO3- concentration in the roots of S. salsa were higher at 200 mM NaCl, compared with that at 0 and 500 mM NaCl after 24 h treatment. The Arabidopsis overexpression lines showed a higher NO3- content compared to the WT lines at 0 and 50 mM NaCl. A similar trend was observed in the root length. In conclusion, salinity promoted the SsNRT2.1 expression in S. salsa, suggesting that this gene may contribute to the efficient NO3- uptake in S. salsa under low NO3- and high salinity conditions. This trait may explain why S. salsa can tolerate high salinity and produce the highest biomass at about 200 mM NaCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranran Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Cnan, 250014, PR China
| | - Bing Cui
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Cnan, 250014, PR China
| | - Ting Jia
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Cnan, 250014, PR China
| | - Jie Song
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Cnan, 250014, PR China.
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Iqbal MF, Liu S, Zhu J, Zhao L, Qi T, Liang J, Luo J, Xiao X, Fan X. Limited aerenchyma reduces oxygen diffusion and methane emission in paddy. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 279:111583. [PMID: 33187783 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Greenhouse gasses (GHG) emission from the agricultural lands is a serious threat to the environment. Plants such as rice (Oryza sativa L.) that are cultivated in submerged conditions (paddy field) contribute up to 19% of CH4 emission from agricultural lands. Such plants have evolved lysigenous aerenchyma in their root system which facilitates the exchange of O2 and GHG between aerial parts of plant and rhizosphere. Currently, the regulation of GHG and O2 via aerenchyma formation is poorly understood in plants, especially in rice. Here, a reverse genetic approach was employed to reduce the aerenchyma formation by analyzing two mutants i.e., oslsd1.1-m12 and oslsd1.1-m51 generated by Tos17 and T-DNA insertion. The wild-type (WT) and the mutants were grown in paddy (flooded), non-paddy and hydroponic system to assess phenotypic traits including O2 diffusion, GHG emission and aerenchyma formation. The mutants exhibited significant reductions in several morphophysiological traits including 20-60% aerenchyma formation at various distances from the root apex, 25% root development, 50% diffusion of O2 and 27-36% emission of methane (CH4) as compared to WT. The differential effects of the oslsd1.1 mutants in aerenchyma-mediated CH4 mitigation were also evident in the diversity of (pmoA, mcrA) methanotrophs in the rhizosphere. Our results indicate the novel pathway in which reduced aerenchyma in rice is responsible for the mitigation of CH4, diffusion of O2 and the root growth in rice. Limited aerenchyma mediated approach to mitigate GHG specially CH4 mitigation in agriculture is helpful technique for sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Faseeh Iqbal
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shuhua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jingwen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Limei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Tiantian Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xin Xiao
- College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, China
| | - Xiaorong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Physiological and Molecular Traits Associated with Nitrogen Uptake under Limited Nitrogen in Soft Red Winter Wheat. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10010165. [PMID: 33477261 PMCID: PMC7830070 DOI: 10.3390/plants10010165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A sufficient nitrogen (N) supply is pivotal for high grain yield and desired grain protein content in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Elucidation of physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) will enhance our ability to develop new N-saving varieties in wheat. In this study, we analyzed two soft red winter wheat genotypes, VA08MAS-369 and VA07W-415, with contrasting NUE under limited N. Our previous study demonstrated that higher NUE in VA08MAS-369 resulted from accelerated senescence and N remobilization in flag leaves at low N. The present study revealed that VA08MAS-369 also exhibited higher nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUpE) than VA07W-415 under limited N. VA08MAS-369 consistently maintained root growth parameters such as maximum root depth, total root diameter, total root surface area, and total root volume under N limitation, relative to VA07W-415. Our time-course N content analysis indicated that VA08MAS-369 absorbed N more abundantly than VA07W-415 after the anthesis stage at low N. More efficient N uptake in VA08MAS-369 was associated with the increased expression of genes encoding a two-component high-affinity nitrate transport system, including four NRT2s and three NAR2s, in roots at low N. Altogether, these results demonstrate that VA08MAS-369 can absorb N efficiently even under limited N due to maintained root development and increased function of N uptake. The ability of VA08MAS-369 in N remobilization and uptake suggests that this genotype could be a valuable genetic material for the improvement of NUE in soft red winter wheat.
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Kumari S, Sharma N, Raghuram N. Meta-Analysis of Yield-Related and N-Responsive Genes Reveals Chromosomal Hotspots, Key Processes and Candidate Genes for Nitrogen-Use Efficiency in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:627955. [PMID: 34168661 PMCID: PMC8217879 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.627955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-use efficiency (NUE) is a function of N-response and yield that is controlled by many genes and phenotypic parameters that are poorly characterized. This study compiled all known yield-related genes in rice and mined them from the N-responsive microarray data to find 1,064 NUE-related genes. Many of them are novel genes hitherto unreported as related to NUE, including 80 transporters, 235 transcription factors (TFs), 44 MicroRNAs (miRNAs), 91 kinases, and 8 phosphatases. They were further shortlisted to 62 NUE-candidate genes following hierarchical methods, including quantitative trait locus (QTL) co-localization, functional evaluation in the literature, and protein-protein interactions (PPIs). They were localized to chromosomes 1, 3, 5, and 9, of which chromosome 1 with 26 genes emerged as a hotspot for NUE spanning 81% of the chromosomes. Further, co-localization of the NUE genes on NUE-QTLs resolved differences in the earlier studies that relied mainly on N-responsive genes regardless of their role in yield. Functional annotations and PPIs for all the 1,064 NUE-related genes and also the shortlisted 62 candidates revealed transcription, redox, phosphorylation, transport, development, metabolism, photosynthesis, water deprivation, and hormonal and stomatal function among the prominent processes. In silico expression analysis confirmed differential expression of the 62 NUE-candidate genes in a tissue/stage-specific manner. Experimental validation in two contrasting genotypes revealed that high NUE rice shows better photosynthetic performance, transpiration efficiency and internal water-use efficiency in comparison to low NUE rice. Feature Selection Analysis independently identified one-third of the common genes at every stage of hierarchical shortlisting, offering 6 priority targets to validate for improving the crop NUE.
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66
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Zhao L, Chen P, Liu P, Song Y, Zhang D. Genetic Effects and Expression Patterns of the Nitrate Transporter (NRT) Gene Family in Populus tomentosa. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:661635. [PMID: 34054902 PMCID: PMC8155728 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.661635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate is an important source of nitrogen for poplar trees. The nitrate transporter (NRT) gene family is generally responsible for nitrate absorption and distribution. However, few analyses of the genetic effects and expression patterns of NRT family members have been conducted in woody plants. Here, using poplar as a model, we identified and characterized 98 members of the PtoNRT gene family. We calculated the phylogenetic and evolutionary relationships of the PtoNRT family and identified poplar-specific NRT genes and their expression patterns. To construct a core triple genetic network (association - gene expression - phenotype) for leaf nitrogen content, a candidate gene family association study, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and mapping of expression quantitative trait nucleotides (eQTNs) were combined, using data from 435 unrelated Populus. tomentosa individuals. PtoNRT genes exhibited distinct expression patterns between twelve tissues, circadian rhythm points, and stress responses. The association study showed that genotype combinations of allelic variations of three PtoNRT genes had a strong effect on leaf nitrogen content. WGCNA produced two co-expression modules containing PtoNRT genes. We also found that four PtoNRT genes defined thousands of eQTL signals. WGCNA and eQTL provided comprehensive analysis of poplar nitrogen-related regulatory factors, including MYB17 and WRKY21. NRT genes were found to be regulated by five plant hormones, among which abscisic acid was the main regulator. Our study provides new insights into the NRT gene family in poplar and enables the exploitation of novel genetic factors to improve the nitrate use efficiency of trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Panfei Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuepeng Song
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Deqiang Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Deqiang Zhang,
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Tiwari JK, Buckseth T, Singh RK, Kumar M, Kant S. Prospects of Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Potato: Lessons From Transgenics to Genome Editing Strategies in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:597481. [PMID: 33424892 PMCID: PMC7785987 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.597481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jagesh Kumar Tiwari
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, India
| | - Tanuja Buckseth
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Singh
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, India
| | - Surya Kant
- Agriculture Victoria, Grains Innovation Park, Horsham, VIC, Australia
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, Centre for Agricultural Innovation, School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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He Y, Xi X, Zha Q, Lu Y, Jiang A. Ectopic expression of a grape nitrate transporter VvNPF6.5 improves nitrate content and nitrogen use efficiency in Arabidopsis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:549. [PMID: 33287709 PMCID: PMC7722303 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02766-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitrate plays an important role in grapevines vegetative and reproductive development. However, how grapevines uptake, translocate and utilize nitrate and the molecular mechanism still remains to be investigated. RESULTS In this study, we report the functional characterization of VvNPF6.5, a member of nitrate transporter 1/peptide transporter family (NRT1/PTR/NPF) in Vitis vinifera. Subcellular localization in Arabidopsis protoplasts indicated that VvNPF6.5 is plasma membrane localized. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis indicated that VvNPF6.5 is expressed predominantly in roots and stems and its expression is rapidly induced by nitrate. Functional characterization using cRNA-injected Xenopus laevis oocytes showed that VvNPF6.5 uptake nitrate in a pH dependent way and function as a dual-affinity nitrate transporter involved in both high- and low-affinity nitrate uptake. Further ectopic expression of VvNPF6.5 in Arabidopsis resulted in more 15NO3- accumulation in shoots and roots and significantly improved nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). Moreover, VvNPF6.5 might participate in the nitrate signaling by positively regulating the expression of primary nitrate response genes. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that VvNPF6.5 encodes a pH-dependent, dual-affinity nitrate transporter. VvNPF6.5 regulates nitrate uptake and allocation in grapevines and is involved in primary nitrate response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yani He
- Research Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Shanghai Key Lab of Protected Horticultural Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaojun Xi
- Research Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Shanghai Key Lab of Protected Horticultural Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Zha
- Research Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Shanghai Key Lab of Protected Horticultural Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuting Lu
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Aili Jiang
- Research Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Shanghai Key Lab of Protected Horticultural Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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Shi Z, Chang TG, Chen F, Zhao H, Song Q, Wang M, Wang Y, Zhou Z, Wang C, Zhou SC, Wang B, Chen G, Zhu XG. Morphological and physiological factors contributing to early vigor in the elite rice cultivar 9,311. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14813. [PMID: 32908221 PMCID: PMC7481250 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71913-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Huanghuazhan (HHZ) and 9,311 are two elite rice cultivars in China. They have achieved high yield through quite different mechanisms. One of the major features that gives high yield capacity to 9,311 is its strong early vigor, i.e., faster establishment of its seedling as well as its better growth in its early stages. To understand the mechanistic basis of early vigor in 9,311, as compared to HHZ the cultivar, we have examined, under controlled environmental conditions, different morphological and physiological traits that may contribute to its early vigor. Our results show that the fresh weight of the seeds, at germination, not only determined the seedling biomass at 10 days after germination (DAG), but was also responsible for ~ 80% of variations in plant biomass between the two cultivars even up to 30 DAG. Furthermore, the 9,311 cultivar had a larger root system, which led to its higher nitrogen uptake capacity. Other noteworthy observations about 9,311 being a better cultivar than HHZ are: (i) Ten out of 15 genes involved in nitrogen metabolism were much more highly expressed in its roots; (ii) it had a higher water uptake rate, promoting better root-to-shoot nitrogen transfer; and (iii) consistent with the above, it had higher leaf photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance. All of the above identified features explain, to a large extent, why the 9,311, as compared to HHZ, exhibits much more vigorous early growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zai Shi
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, CAS, Building No. 1, Room 402, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Tian-Gen Chang
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, CAS, Building No. 1, Room 402, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Faming Chen
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Max Plank Gesellschaft Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Honglong Zhao
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, CAS, Building No. 1, Room 402, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qingfeng Song
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, CAS, Building No. 1, Room 402, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Mengyao Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, CAS, Building No. 1, Room 402, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yanjie Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, CAS, Building No. 1, Room 402, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhou
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chongrong Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shao-Chuan Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baoshan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Genyun Chen
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, CAS, Building No. 1, Room 402, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xin-Guang Zhu
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, CAS, Building No. 1, Room 402, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Li H, Wang Z, Han K, Guo M, Zou Y, Zhang W, Ma W, Hua H. Cloning and functional identification of a Chilo suppressalis-inducible promoter of rice gene, OsHPL2. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:3177-3187. [PMID: 32336018 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Promoters play a key role in driving insect-resistant genes during breeding of transgenic plants. In current transgenic procedures for breeding rice resistance to striped stem borer (Chilo suppressalis Walker, SSB), the constitutive promoter is used to drive the insect-resistant gene. To reduce the burden of constitutive promoters on plant growth, isolation and identification of insect-inducible promoters are particularly important. However, few promoters are induced specifically by insect feeding. RESULTS We found rice hydroperoxide lyase gene (OsHPL2) (LOC_Os02g12680) was upregulated after feeding by SSB. We subsequently cloned the promoter of OsHPL2 and analysed its expression pattern using the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene. Histochemical assays and quantitative analyses of GUS activity confirmed that P HPL2 :GUS was activated by SSB, but did not respond to brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål, BPH) infestation, mechanical wounding or phytohormone treatments. A series of 5' truncated assays were conducted and three positive regulatory regions (-1452 to -1213, -903 to -624, and -376 to -176) induced by SSB infestation were identified. P2R123-min 35S and P2TR2-min 35S promoters linked with cry1C of transgenic plants showed the highest levels of Cry1C protein expression and SSB larval mortality. CONCLUSION We identified an SSB-inducible promoter and three positive internal regions. Transgenic rice plants with the OsHPL2 promoter and its positive regions driving cry1C exhibited the expected larvicidal effect on SSB. Our study is the first report of an SSB-inducible promoter that could be used as a potential resource for breeding insect-resistant transgenic crops. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanpeng Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengjie Wang
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kehong Han
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengjian Guo
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yulan Zou
- College of Life Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weihua Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongxia Hua
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Chen J, Liu X, Liu S, Fan X, Zhao L, Song M, Fan X, Xu G. Co-Overexpression of OsNAR2.1 and OsNRT2.3a Increased Agronomic Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Transgenic Rice Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:1245. [PMID: 32903417 PMCID: PMC7434940 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The NO3 - transporter plays an important role in rice nitrogen acquisition and nitrogen-use efficiency. Our previous studies have shown that the high affinity systems for nitrate uptake in rice is mediated by a two-component NRT2/NAR2 transport system. In this study, transgenic plants were successful developed by overexpression of OsNAR2.1 alone, OsNRT2.3a alone and co-overexpression of OsNAR2.1 and OsNRT2.3a. Our field experiments indicated that transgenic lines expressing p35S:OsNAR2.1 or p35S:OsNAR2.1-p35S:OsNRT2.3a constructs exhibited increased grain yields of approximately 14.1% and 24.6% compared with wild-type (cv. Wuyunjing 7, WT) plants, and the agricultural nitrogen use efficiency increased by 15.8% and 28.6%, respectively. Compared with WT, the 15N influx in roots of p35S:OsNAR2.1 and p35S: OsNAR2.1-p35S:OsNRT2.3a lines increased 18.9%‑27.8% in response to 0.2 mM, 2.5 mM 15NO3 -, and 1.25 mM 15NH4 15NO3, while there was no significant difference between p35S:OsNAR2.1 and p35S:OsNAR2.1-p35S:OsNRT2.3a lines; only the 15N distribution ratio of shoot to root for p35S:OsNAR2.1-p35S:OsNRT2.3a lines increased significantly. However, there were no significant differences in nitrogen use efficiency, 15N influx in roots and the yield between the p35S:NRT2.3a transgenic lines and WT. This study indicated that co-overexpression of OsNAR2.1 and OsNRT2.3a could increase rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingguang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- CAAS-IRRI Joint Laboratory for Genomics-Assisted Germplasm Enhancement, Agricultural Genomics Institute in Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoqin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Shuhua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoru Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Limei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Miaoquan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaorong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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72
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Guo N, Gu M, Hu J, Qu H, Xu G. Rice OsLHT1 Functions in Leaf-to-Panicle Nitrogen Allocation for Grain Yield and Quality. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:1150. [PMID: 32849708 PMCID: PMC7403224 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Proper allocation of nitrogen (N) from source leaves to grains is essential step for high crop grain yield and N use efficiency. In rice (Oryza sativa) grown in flooding paddy field, amino acids are the major N compounds for N distribution and re-allocation. We have recently identified that Lysine-Histidine-type Transporter 1 (OsLHT1) is the major transporter for root uptake and root-to-shoot allocation of amino acids in rice. In this study, we planted knockout mutant lines of OsLHT1 together wild-type (WT) in paddy field for evaluating OsLHT1 function in N redistribution and grain production. OsLHT1 is expressed in vascular bundles of leaves, rachis, and flowering organs. Oslht1 plants showed lower panicle length and seed setting rate, especially lower grain number per panicle and total grain weight. The concentrations of both total N and free amino acids in the flag leaf were similar at anthesis between Oslht1 lines and WT while significantly higher in the mutants than WT at maturation. The Oslht1 seeds contained higher proteins and most of the essential free amino acids, similar total starch but less amylose with lower paste viscosity than WT seeds. The mutant seeds showed lower germination rate than WT. Knockout of OsLHT1 decreased N uptake efficiency and physiological utilization efficiency (kg-grains/kg-N) by about 55% and 72%, respectively. Taken together, we conclude that OsLHT1 plays critical role in the translocation of amino acids from vegetative to reproductive organs for grain yield and quality of nutrition and functionality.
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73
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Wang H, Wan Y, Buchner P, King R, Ma H, Hawkesford MJ. Phylogeny and gene expression of the complete NITRATE TRANSPORTER 1/PEPTIDE TRANSPORTER FAMILY in Triticum aestivum. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:4531-4546. [PMID: 32462194 PMCID: PMC7382379 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
NPF genes encode membrane transporters involved in the transport of a large variety of substrates including nitrate and peptides. The NPF gene family has been described for many plants, but the whole NPF gene family for wheat has not been completely identified. The release of the wheat reference genome has enabled the identification of the entire wheat NPF gene family. A systematic analysis of the whole wheat NPF gene family was performed, including responses of specific gene expression to development and nitrogen supply. A total of 331 NPF genes (113 homoeologous groups) have been identified in wheat. The chromosomal location of the NPF genes is unevenly distributed, with predominant occurrence in the long arms of the chromosomes. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that wheat NPF genes are closely clustered with Arabidopsis, Brachypodium, and rice orthologues, and subdivided into eight subfamilies. The expression profiles of wheat NPF genes were examined using RNA-seq data, and a subset of 44 NPF genes (homoeologous groups) with contrasting expression responses to nitrogen and/or development in different tissues were identified. The systematic identification of gene composition, chromosomal locations, evolutionary relationships, and expression profiles contributes to a better understanding of the roles of the wheat NPF genes and lays the foundation for further functional analysis in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huadun Wang
- Institute of Food Crops, Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | | | | | - Robert King
- Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, UK
| | - Hongxiang Ma
- Institute of Food Crops, Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
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74
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Wang S, Chen A, Xie K, Yang X, Luo Z, Chen J, Zeng D, Ren Y, Yang C, Wang L, Feng H, López-Arredondo DL, Herrera-Estrella LR, Xu G. Functional analysis of the OsNPF4.5 nitrate transporter reveals a conserved mycorrhizal pathway of nitrogen acquisition in plants. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:16649-16659. [PMID: 32586957 PMCID: PMC7368293 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2000926117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Low availability of nitrogen (N) is often a major limiting factor to crop yield in most nutrient-poor soils. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are beneficial symbionts of most land plants that enhance plant nutrient uptake, particularly of phosphate. A growing number of reports point to the substantially increased N accumulation in many mycorrhizal plants; however, the contribution of AM symbiosis to plant N nutrition and the mechanisms underlying the AM-mediated N acquisition are still in the early stages of being understood. Here, we report that inoculation with AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis remarkably promoted rice (Oryza sativa) growth and N acquisition, and about 42% of the overall N acquired by rice roots could be delivered via the symbiotic route under N-NO3- supply condition. Mycorrhizal colonization strongly induced expression of the putative nitrate transporter gene OsNPF4.5 in rice roots, and its orthologs ZmNPF4.5 in Zea mays and SbNPF4.5 in Sorghum bicolor OsNPF4.5 is exclusively expressed in the cells containing arbuscules and displayed a low-affinity NO3- transport activity when expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Moreover, knockout of OsNPF4.5 resulted in a 45% decrease in symbiotic N uptake and a significant reduction in arbuscule incidence when NO3- was supplied as an N source. Based on our results, we propose that the NPF4.5 plays a key role in mycorrhizal NO3- acquisition, a symbiotic N uptake route that might be highly conserved in gramineous species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Aiqun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China;
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Kun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenzhen Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Jiadong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Dechao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Yuhan Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Congfan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Lingxiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Huimin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Damar Lizbeth López-Arredondo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409
| | - Luis Rafael Herrera-Estrella
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China;
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409
- Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad, Unidad de Genómica Avanzada del Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 36500 Irapuato, Mexico
| | - Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China;
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
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75
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Guo N, Hu J, Yan M, Qu H, Luo L, Tegeder M, Xu G. Oryza sativa Lysine-Histidine-type Transporter 1 functions in root uptake and root-to-shoot allocation of amino acids in rice. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 103:395-411. [PMID: 32159895 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In agricultural soils, amino acids can represent vital nitrogen (N) sources for crop growth and yield. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying amino acid uptake and allocation are poorly understood in crop plants. This study shows that rice (Oryza sativa L.) roots can acquire aspartate at soil concentration, and that japonica subspecies take up this acidic amino acid 1.5-fold more efficiently than indica subspecies. Genetic association analyses with 68 representative japonica or indica germplasms identified rice Lysine-Histidine-type Transporter 1 (OsLHT1) as a candidate gene associated with the aspartate uptake trait. When expressed in yeast, OsLHT1 supported cell growth on a broad spectrum of amino acids, and effectively transported aspartate, asparagine and glutamate. OsLHT1 is localized throughout the rice root, including root hairs, epidermis, cortex and stele, and to the leaf vasculature. Knockout of OsLHT1 in japonica resulted in reduced root uptake of amino acids. Furthermore, in 15 N-amino acid-fed mutants versus wild-type, a higher percentage of 15 N remained in roots instead of being allocated to the shoot. 15 N-ammonium uptake and subsequently the delivery of root-synthesized amino acids to Oslht1 shoots were also significantly decreased, which was accompanied by reduced shoot growth. These results together provide evidence that OsLHT1 functions in both root uptake and root to shoot allocation of a broad spectrum of amino acids in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Jinqi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ming Yan
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Hongye Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Le Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Mechthild Tegeder
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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76
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Vidal EA, Alvarez JM, Araus V, Riveras E, Brooks MD, Krouk G, Ruffel S, Lejay L, Crawford NM, Coruzzi GM, Gutiérrez RA. Nitrate in 2020: Thirty Years from Transport to Signaling Networks. THE PLANT CELL 2020; 32:2094-2119. [PMID: 32169959 PMCID: PMC7346567 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.19.00748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is an essential macronutrient for plants and a major limiting factor for plant growth and crop production. Nitrate is the main source of N available to plants in agricultural soils and in many natural environments. Sustaining agricultural productivity is of paramount importance in the current scenario of increasing world population, diversification of crop uses, and climate change. Plant productivity for major crops around the world, however, is still supported by excess application of N-rich fertilizers with detrimental economic and environmental impacts. Thus, understanding how plants regulate nitrate uptake and metabolism is key for developing new crops with enhanced N use efficiency and to cope with future world food demands. The study of plant responses to nitrate has gained considerable interest over the last 30 years. This review provides an overview of key findings in nitrate research, spanning biochemistry, molecular genetics, genomics, and systems biology. We discuss how we have reached our current view of nitrate transport, local and systemic nitrate sensing/signaling, and the regulatory networks underlying nitrate-controlled outputs in plants. We hope this summary will serve not only as a timeline and information repository but also as a baseline to define outstanding questions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena A Vidal
- Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology, Santiago, Chile, 7500565
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile, 8580745
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile, 8580745
| | - José M Alvarez
- Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology, Santiago, Chile, 7500565
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile, 8580745
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, New York 10003
| | - Viviana Araus
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, New York 10003
| | - Eleodoro Riveras
- Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology, Santiago, Chile, 7500565
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 8331150
- FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Santiago, Chile, 8370415
| | - Matthew D Brooks
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, New York 10003
| | - Gabriel Krouk
- Biochemistry and Plant Molecular Physiology, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Universite Montpellier, Montpellier, France, 34060
| | - Sandrine Ruffel
- Biochemistry and Plant Molecular Physiology, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Universite Montpellier, Montpellier, France, 34060
| | - Laurence Lejay
- Biochemistry and Plant Molecular Physiology, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Universite Montpellier, Montpellier, France, 34060
| | - Nigel M Crawford
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California, 92093
| | - Gloria M Coruzzi
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, New York 10003
| | - Rodrigo A Gutiérrez
- Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology, Santiago, Chile, 7500565
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 8331150
- FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Santiago, Chile, 8370415
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77
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Knockdown of a Novel Gene OsTBP2.2 Increases Sensitivity to Drought Stress in Rice. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11060629. [PMID: 32521717 PMCID: PMC7349065 DOI: 10.3390/genes11060629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought stress is a major environmental stress, which adversely affects the biological and molecular processes of plants, thereby impairing their growth and development. In the present study, we found that the expression level of OsTBP2.2 which encodes for a nucleus-localized protein member belonging to transcription factor IID (TFIID) family, was significantly induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG) treatment. Therefore, knockdown mutants of OsTBP2.2 gene were generated to investigate the role of OsTBP2.2 in rice response to drought stress. Under the condition of drought stress, the photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, water use efficiency, and stomatal conductance were significantly reduced in ostbp2.2 lines compared with wild type, Dongjin (WT-DJ). Furthermore, the RNA-seq results showed that several main pathways involved in "MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) signaling pathway", "phenylpropanoid biosynthesis", "defense response" and "ADP (adenosine diphosphate) binding" were altered significantly in ostbp2.2. We also found that OsPIP2;6, OsPAO and OsRCCR1 genes were down-regulated in ostbp2.2 compared with WT-DJ, which may be one of the reasons that inhibit photosynthesis. Our findings suggest that OsTBP2.2 may play a key role in rice growth and the regulation of photosynthesis under drought stress and it may possess high potential usefulness in molecular breeding of drought-tolerant rice.
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78
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Wang D, Xu T, Yin Z, Wu W, Geng H, Li L, Yang M, Cai H, Lian X. Overexpression of OsMYB305 in Rice Enhances the Nitrogen Uptake Under Low-Nitrogen Condition. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:369. [PMID: 32351516 PMCID: PMC7174616 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Excessive nitrogen fertilizer application causes severe environmental degradation and drives up agricultural production costs. Thus, improving crop nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is essential for the development of sustainable agriculture. Here, we characterized the roles of the MYB transcription factor OsMYB305 in nitrogen uptake and assimilation in rice. OsMYB305 encoded a transcriptional activator and its expression was induced by N deficiency in rice root. Under low-N condition, OsMYB305 overexpression significantly increased the tiller number, shoot dry weight and total N concentration. In the roots of OsMYB305-OE rice lines, the expression of OsNRT2.1, OsNRT2.2, OsNAR2.1, and OsNiR2 was up-regulated and 15NO3 - influx was significantly increased. In contrast, the expression of lignocellulose biosynthesis-related genes was repressed so that cellulose content decreased, and soluble sugar concentration increased. Certain intermediates in the glycolytic pathway and the tricarboxylic acid cycle were significantly altered and NADH-GOGAT, Pyr-K, and G6PDH were markedly elevated in the roots of OsMYB305-OE rice lines grown under low-N condition. Our results revealed that OsMYB305 overexpression suppressed cellulose biosynthesis under low-nitrogen condition, thereby freeing up carbohydrate for nitrate uptake and assimilation and enhancing rice growth. OsMYB305 is a potential molecular target for increasing NUE in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xingming Lian
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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79
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Fan X, Chen J, Wu Y, Teo C, Xu G, Fan X. Genetic and Global Epigenetic Modification, Which Determines the Phenotype of Transgenic Rice? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1819. [PMID: 32155767 PMCID: PMC7084647 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Transgenic technologies have been applied to a wide range of biological research. However, information on the potential epigenetic effects of transgenic technology is still lacking. Here, we show that the transgenic process can simultaneously induce both genetic and epigenetic changes in rice. We analyzed genetic, epigenetic, and phenotypic changes in plants subjected to tissue culture regeneration, using transgenic lines expressing the same coding sequence from two different promoters in transgenic lines of two rice cultivars: Wuyunjing7 (WYJ7) and Nipponbare (NP). We determined the expression of OsNAR2.1 in two overexpression lines generated from the two cultivars, and in the RNA interference (RNAi) OsNAR2.1 line in NP. DNA methylation analyses were performed on wild-type cultivars (WYJ7 and NP), regenerated lines (CK, T0 plants), segregation-derived wild-type from pOsNAR2.1-OsNAR2.1 (SDWT), pOsNAR2.1-OsNAR2.1, pUbi-OsNAR2.1, and RNAi lines. Interestingly, we observed global methylation decreased in the T0 regenerated line of WYJ7 (CK-WJY7) and pOsNAR2.1-OsNAR2.1 lines but increased in pUbi-OsNAR2.1 and RNAi lines of NP. Furthermore, the methylation pattern in SDWT returned to the WYJ7 level after four generations. Phenotypic changes were detected in all the generated lines except for SDWT. Global methylation was found to decrease by 13% in pOsNAR2.1-OsNAR2.1 with an increase in plant height of 4.69% compared with WYJ7, and increased by 18% in pUbi-OsNAR2.1 with an increase of 17.36% in plant height compared with NP. This suggests an absence of a necessary link between global methylation and the phenotype of transgenic plants with OsNAR2.1 gene over-expression. However, epigenetic changes can influence phenotype during tissue culture, as seen in the massive methylation in CK-WYJ7, T0 regenerated lines, resulting in decreased plant height compared with the wild-type, in the absence of a transformed gene. We conclude that in the transgenic lines the phenotype is mainly determined by the nature and function of the transgene after four generations of transformation, while the global epigenetic modification is dependent on the genetic background. Our research suggests an innovative insight in explaining the reason behind the occurrence of transgenic plants with random and undesirable phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoru Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.F.); (J.C.); (G.X.)
| | - Jingguang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.F.); (J.C.); (G.X.)
- CAAS-IRRI Joint Laboratory for Genomics-Assisted Germplasm Enhancement, Agricultural Genomics Institute in Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518116, China
| | - Yufeng Wu
- Bioinformatics Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
| | - CheeHow Teo
- Centre of Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
| | - Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.F.); (J.C.); (G.X.)
| | - Xiaorong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.F.); (J.C.); (G.X.)
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Bai J, Wang X, Wu H, Ling F, Zhao Y, Lin Y, Wang R. Comprehensive construction strategy of bidirectional green tissue-specific synthetic promoters. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2020; 18:668-678. [PMID: 31393049 PMCID: PMC7004895 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Bidirectional green tissue-specific promoters have important application prospects in genetic engineering and crop genetic improvement. However, there is no report on the application of them, mainly due to undiscovered natural bidirectional green tissue-specific promoters and the lack of a comprehensive approach for the synthesis of these promoters. In order to compensate for this vacancy, the present study reports a novel strategy for the expression regulatory sequence selection and the bidirectional green tissue-specific synthetic promoter construction. Based on this strategy, seven promoters were synthesized and introduced into rice by agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The functional identification of these synthetic promoters was performed by the expression pattern of GFP and GUS reporter genes in two reverse directions in transgenic rice. The results indicated that all the synthetic promoters possessed bidirectional expression activities in transgenic rice, and four synthetic promoters (BiGSSP2, BiGSSP3, BiGSSP6, BiGSSP7) showed highly bidirectional expression efficiencies specifically in green tissues (leaf, sheath, panicle, stem), which could be widely applied to agricultural biotechnology. Our study provided a feasible strategy for the construction of synthetic promoters, and we successfully created four bidirectional green tissue-specific synthetic promoters. It is the first report on bidirectional green tissue-specific promoters that could be efficiently applied in genetic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuyuan Bai
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐Resource and Eco‐Environment of Ministry of EducationCollege of life sciencesSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐Resource and Eco‐Environment of Ministry of EducationCollege of life sciencesSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Hao Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene ResearchHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Fei Ling
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene ResearchHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐Resource and Eco‐Environment of Ministry of EducationCollege of life sciencesSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yongjun Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene ResearchHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐Resource and Eco‐Environment of Ministry of EducationCollege of life sciencesSichuan UniversityChengduChina
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Luo B, Xu M, Zhao L, Xie P, Chen Y, Harwood W, Xu G, Fan X, Miller AJ. Overexpression of the High-Affinity Nitrate Transporter OsNRT2.3b Driven by Different Promoters in Barley Improves Yield and Nutrient Uptake Balance. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1320. [PMID: 32075298 PMCID: PMC7072886 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is very important for crops throughout the world. Rice mainly utilizes ammonium as an N source, but it also has four NRT2 genes involved in nitrate transport. The OsNRT2.3b transporter is important for maintaining cellular pH under mixed N supplies. Overexpression of this transporter driven by a ubiquitin promoter in rice greatly improved yield and NUE. This strategy for improving the NUE of crops may also be important for other cereals such as wheat and barley, which also face the challenges of nutrient uptake balance. To test this idea, we constructed transgenic barley lines overexpressing OsNRT2.3b. These transgenic barley lines overexpressing the rice transporter exhibited improved growth, yield, and NUE. We demonstrated that NRT2 family members and the partner protein HvNAR2.3 were also up-regulated by nitrate treatment (0.2 mM) in the transgenic lines. This suggests that the expression of OsNRT2.3b and other HvNRT2 family members were all up-regulated in the transgenic barley to increase the efficiency of N uptake and usage. We also compared the ubiquitin (Ubi) and a phloem-specific (RSs1) promoter-driven expression of OsNRT2.3b. The Ubi promoter failed to improve nutrient uptake balance, whereas the RSs1 promoter succeed in increasing the N, P, and Fe uptake balance. The nutrient uptake enhancement did not include Mn and Mg. Surprisingly, we found that the choice of promoter influenced the barley phenotype, not only increasing NUE and grain yield, but also improving nutrient uptake balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (B.L.); (M.X.); (L.Z.); (P.X.); (G.X.)
| | - Man Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (B.L.); (M.X.); (L.Z.); (P.X.); (G.X.)
| | - Limei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (B.L.); (M.X.); (L.Z.); (P.X.); (G.X.)
| | - Peng Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (B.L.); (M.X.); (L.Z.); (P.X.); (G.X.)
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Metabolic Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK; (Y.C.); (W.H.)
| | - Wendy Harwood
- Department of Metabolic Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK; (Y.C.); (W.H.)
| | - Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (B.L.); (M.X.); (L.Z.); (P.X.); (G.X.)
| | - Xiaorong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (B.L.); (M.X.); (L.Z.); (P.X.); (G.X.)
| | - Anthony J. Miller
- Department of Metabolic Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK; (Y.C.); (W.H.)
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Iqbal A, Qiang D, Alamzeb M, Xiangru W, Huiping G, Hengheng Z, Nianchang P, Xiling Z, Meizhen S. Untangling the molecular mechanisms and functions of nitrate to improve nitrogen use efficiency. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:904-914. [PMID: 31612486 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
A huge amount of nitrogenous fertilizer is used to increase crop production. This leads to an increase in the cost of production, and to human and environmental problems. It is therefore necessary to improve nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and to design agronomic, biotechnological and breeding strategies for better fertilizer use. Nitrogen use efficiency relies primarily on how plants extract, uptake, transport, assimilate, and remobilize nitrogen. Many plants use nitrate as a preferred nitrogen source. It acts as a signaling molecule in the various important physiological processes required for growth and development. As nitrate is the main source of nitrogen in the soil, root nitrate transporters are important subjects for study. The latest reports have also discussed how nitrate transporter and assimilation genes can be used as molecular tools to improve NUE in crops. The purpose of this review is to describe the mechanisms and functions of nitrate as a specific factor that can be addressed to increase NUE. Improving factors such as nitrate uptake, transport, assimilation, and remobilization through activation by signaling, sensing, and regulatory processes will improve plant growth and NUE. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Iqbal
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Dong Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Madeeha Alamzeb
- Standardization of cotton planting technology, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Wang Xiangru
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Gui Huiping
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Zhang Hengheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Pang Nianchang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Zhang Xiling
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Song Meizhen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
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83
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Fan H, Quan S, Qi S, Xu N, Wang Y. Novel Aspects of Nitrate Regulation in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:574246. [PMID: 33362808 PMCID: PMC7758431 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.574246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is one of the most essential macronutrients for plant growth and development. Nitrate (NO3 -), the major form of N that plants uptake from the soil, acts as an important signaling molecule in addition to its nutritional function. Over the past decade, significant progress has been made in identifying new components involved in NO3 - regulation and starting to unravel the NO3 - regulatory network. Great reviews have been made recently by scientists on the key regulators in NO3 - signaling, NO3 - effects on plant development, and its crosstalk with phosphorus (P), potassium (K), hormones, and calcium signaling. However, several novel aspects of NO3 - regulation have not been previously reviewed in detail. Here, we mainly focused on the recent advances of post-transcriptional regulation and non-coding RNA (ncRNAs) in NO3 - signaling, and NO3 - regulation on leaf senescence and the circadian clock. It will help us to extend the general picture of NO3 - regulation and provide a basis for further exploration of NO3 - regulatory network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Shuxuan Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Shengdong Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Na Xu
- School of Biological Science, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- *Correspondence: Yong Wang,
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84
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Li L, Peng Z, Mao X, Wang J, Chang X, Reynolds M, Jing R. Genome-wide association study reveals genomic regions controlling root and shoot traits at late growth stages in wheat. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2019; 124:993-1006. [PMID: 31329816 PMCID: PMC6881226 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcz041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Root system morphology is important for sustainable agriculture, but the genetic basis of root traits and their relationship to shoot traits remain to be elucidated. The aim of the present study was to dissect the genetic basis of root traits at late growth stages and its implications on shoot traits in wheat. METHODS Among 323 wheat accessions, we investigated phenotypic differences in root traits at booting and mid-grain fill stages in PVC tubes, shoot traits including plant height (PH), canopy temperature (CT) and grain yield per plant (YPP) in a field experiment, and performed a genome-wide association study with a Wheat 660K SNP Array. KEY RESULTS Deep-rooted accessions had lower CT and higher YPP than those with shallow roots, but no significant relationship was identified between root dry weight and shoot traits. Ninety-three significantly associated loci (SALs) were detected by the mixed linear model, among which three were hub SALs (Co-6A, Co-6B and Co-6D) associated with root depth at both booting and mid-grain fill stages, as well as CT and YPP. Minirhizotron system scanning results suggested that the causal genes in the three SALs may regulate root elongation in the field. The heritable independence between root depth and PH was demonstrated by linkage disequilibrium analysis. The YPP was significantly higher in genotypes which combined favourable marker alleles (FMAs) for root depth and PH, suggesting that a deep root and shorter plant height are suitable traits for pyramiding target alleles by molecular marker-assisted breeding. CONCLUSIONS These results uncovered promising genomic regions for functional gene discovery of root traits in the late growth period, enhanced understanding of correlation between root and shoot traits, and will facilitate intensive study on root morphology and breeding through molecular design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Li
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi Peng
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinguo Mao
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoping Chang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Matthew Reynolds
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Ruilian Jing
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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85
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Yang J, Wang M, Li W, He X, Teng W, Ma W, Zhao X, Hu M, Li H, Zhang Y, Tong Y. Reducing expression of a nitrate-responsive bZIP transcription factor increases grain yield and N use in wheat. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2019; 17:1823-1833. [PMID: 30811829 PMCID: PMC6686140 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) plays critical role in plant growth; manipulating N assimilation could be a target to increase grain yield and N use. Here, we show that ABRE-binding factor (ABF)-like leucine zipper transcription factor TabZIP60 mediates N use and growth in wheat. The expression of TabZIP60 is repressed when the N-deprived wheat plants is exposed to nitrate. Knock down of TabZIP60 through RNA interference (RNAi) increases NADH-dependent glutamate synthase (NADH-GOGAT) activity, lateral root branching, N uptake and spike number, and improves grain yield more than 25% under field conditions, while overexpression of TabZIP60-6D had the opposite effects. Further investigation shows TabZIP60 binds to ABRE-containing fragment in the promoter of TaNADH-GOGAT-3B and negatively regulates its expression. Genetic analysis reveals that TaNADH-GOGAT-3B overexpression overcomes the spike number and yield reduction caused by overexpressing TabZIP60-6D. As such, TabZIP60-mediated wheat growth and N use is associated with its negative regulation on TaNADH-GOGAT expression. These findings indicate that TabZIP60 and TaNADH-GOGAT interaction plays important roles in mediating N use and wheat growth, and provides valuable information for engineering N use efficiency and yield in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbo Yang
- The State Key Laboratory for Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meiyue Wang
- Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- The State Key Laboratory for Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xue He
- The State Key Laboratory for Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wan Teng
- The State Key Laboratory for Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenying Ma
- The State Key Laboratory for Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xueqiang Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory for Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mengyun Hu
- The Institute for Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hui Li
- The Institute for Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yijing Zhang
- Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Yiping Tong
- The State Key Laboratory for Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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86
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Zou L, Qi D, Sun J, Zheng X, Peng M. Expression of the cassava nitrate transporter NRT2.1 enables Arabidopsis low nitrate tolerance. J Genet 2019; 98:74. [PMID: 31544785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The cassava grows well on low-nutrient soils because of its high-affinity to absorb nitrate. However, the molecular mechanisms by which cassava adapts itself to this environment remain elusive, although we have cloned a putative gene named MeNRT2.1 which has a crucial role in high-affinity nitrate transporter from cassava seeding. Here, the expression pattern of MeNRT2.1 was further assessed using the GUS activity driven by MeNRT2.1 promoter in Arabidopsis transformation plants. The GUS activity was monitored over time following the reduction of nitrate supply. The GUS gene expression not only peaked in roots after 12 h in 0.2mM nitrate media, but also stained stems and leaves. Arabidopsis plants with overexpression of MeNRT2.1 increased the biomass compared to the wild type on rich nitrogen (N-full) media. However, chlorate sensitivity analysis showed that Arabidopsis plants expressing MeNRT2.1 were more susceptable to chlorate than wild type. Significantly, after growing for 15 days on media containing 0.2mM nitrate concentration, wild-type plants became yellowor died, while the transgenic MeNRT2.1 Arabidopsis plants maintained normal growth. With significant increases in the amount of 15NO- 3 uptake in roots, the MeNRT2.1 plants also increased the contents of chlorophyll and nitrate reductase. Taken together, these results demonstrate that MeNRT2.1 has an important role in adaptation to low nitrate concentration as a nitrate transporter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangping Zou
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, People's Republic of China. ,
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Abstract
The contradiction between "high yielding" and "early maturing" hampers further improvement of annual rice yield. Here we report the positional cloning of a major maturity duration regulatory gene, Early flowering-completely dominant (Ef-cd), and demonstrate that natural variation in Ef-cd could be used to overcome the above contradictory. The Ef-cd locus gives rise to a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) antisense transcript overlapping the OsSOC1 gene. Ef-cd lncRNA expression positively correlates with the expression of OsSOC1 and H3K36me3 deposition. Field test comparisons of early maturing Ef-cd near-isogenic lines with their wild types as well as of the derivative early maturing hybrids with their wild-type hybrids conducted under different latitudes determined that the early maturing Ef-cd allele shortens maturity duration (ranging from 7 to 20 d) without a concomitant yield penalty. Ef-cd facilitates nitrogen utilization and also improves the photosynthesis rate. Analysis of 1,439 elite hybrid rice varieties revealed that the 16 homozygotes and 299 heterozygotes possessing Ef-cd matured significantly earlier. Therefore, Ef-cd could be a vital contributor of elite early maturing hybrid varieties in balancing grain yield with maturity duration.
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89
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Vicente R, Vergara-Díaz O, Kerfal S, López A, Melichar J, Bort J, Serret MD, Araus JL, Kefauver SC. Identification of traits associated with barley yield performance using contrasting nitrogen fertilizations and genotypes. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 282:83-94. [PMID: 31003614 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Much attention has been paid to understanding the traits associated with crop performance and the associated underlying physiological mechanisms, with less effort done towards combining different plant scales, levels of observation, or including hybrids of autogamous species. We aim to identify mechanisms at canopy, leaf and transcript levels contributing to crop performance under contrasting nitrogen supplies in three barley genotypes, two hybrids and one commercial line. High nitrogen fertilization did not affect photosynthetic capacity on a leaf area basis and lowered nitrogen partial factor productivity past a certain point, but increased leaf area and biomass accumulation, parameters that were closely tracked using various different high throughput remote sensing based phenotyping techniques. These aspects, together with a larger catabolism of leaf nitrogen compounds amenable to sink translocation, contributed to higher crop production. Better crop yield and growth in hybrids compared to the line was linked to a nitrogen-saving strategy in source leaves to the detriment of larger sink size, as indicated by the lower leaf nitrogen content and downregulation of nitrogen metabolism and aquaporin genes. While these changes did not reduce photosynthesis capacity on an area basis, they were related with better nitrogen use in the hybrids compared with the line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Vicente
- Section of Plant Physiology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, and AGROTECNIO (Centre for Research in Agrotechnology), Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
| | - Omar Vergara-Díaz
- Section of Plant Physiology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, and AGROTECNIO (Centre for Research in Agrotechnology), Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
| | - Samir Kerfal
- Syngenta España, S.A.U., Calle de la Ribera del Loira 8-10, 28042 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Antonio López
- Syngenta España, S.A.U., Calle de la Ribera del Loira 8-10, 28042 Madrid, Spain.
| | - James Melichar
- Syngenta U.K., Hill Farm Road, Whittlesford, Cambridge, CB22 4QT, United Kingdom.
| | - Jordi Bort
- Section of Plant Physiology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, and AGROTECNIO (Centre for Research in Agrotechnology), Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
| | - María Dolores Serret
- Section of Plant Physiology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, and AGROTECNIO (Centre for Research in Agrotechnology), Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
| | - José Luis Araus
- Section of Plant Physiology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, and AGROTECNIO (Centre for Research in Agrotechnology), Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
| | - Shawn C Kefauver
- Section of Plant Physiology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, and AGROTECNIO (Centre for Research in Agrotechnology), Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
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90
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Nowicka B. Target genes for plant productivity improvement. J Biotechnol 2019; 298:21-34. [PMID: 30978366 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, as well as the development of high-yielding varieties enabled substantial increase in crop productivity during the 20th century. However, the increase in yield over the last two decades has been slower. It is thought that further improvement in productivity of the major crop species using traditional cultivation methods is limited. Therefore, the use of genetic engineering seems to be a promising approach. There is ongoing research concerning genes that have an impact on plant growth, development and yield. The proteins and miRNAs encoded by these genes participate in a variety of processes, such as growth regulation, assimilate transport and partitioning as well as macronutrient uptake and metabolism. This paper presents the major directions in research concerning genes that may be targets of genetic engineering aimed to improve plant productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrycze Nowicka
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
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91
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Overexpression of Nitrate Transporter OsNRT2.1 Enhances Nitrate-Dependent Root Elongation. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10040290. [PMID: 30970675 PMCID: PMC6523718 DOI: 10.3390/genes10040290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Root morphology is essential for plant survival. NO3− is not only a nutrient, but also a signal substance affecting root growth in plants. However, the mechanism of NO3−-mediated root growth in rice remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of OsNRT2.1 on root elongation and nitrate signaling-mediated auxin transport using OsNRT2.1 overexpression lines. We observed that the overexpression of OsNRT2.1 increased the total root length in rice, including the seminal root length, total adventitious root length, and total lateral root length in seminal roots and adventitious roots under 0.5-mM NO3− conditions, but not under 0.5-mM NH4+ conditions. Compared with wild type (WT), the 15NO3− influx rate of OsNRT2.1 transgenic lines increased by 24.3%, and the expressions of auxin transporter genes (OsPIN1a/b/c and OsPIN2) also increased significantly under 0.5-mM NO3− conditions. There were no significant differences in root length, ß-glucuronidase (GUS) activity, and the expressions of OsPIN1a/b/c and OsPIN2 in the pDR5::GUS transgenic line between 0.5-mM NO3− and 0.5-mM NH4+ treatments together with N-1-naphthylphalamic acid (NPA) treatment. When exogenous NPA was added to 0.5-mM NO3− nutrient solution, there were no significant differences in the total root length and expressions of OsPIN1a/b/c and OsPIN2 between transgenic plants and WT, although the 15NO3− influx rate of OsNRT2.1 transgenic lines increased by 25.2%. These results indicated that OsNRT2.1 is involved in the pathway of nitrate-dependent root elongation by regulating auxin transport to roots; i.e., overexpressing OsNRT2.1 promotes an effect on root growth upon NO3− treatment that requires active polar auxin transport.
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92
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Chen J, Qi T, Hu Z, Fan X, Zhu L, Iqbal MF, Yin X, Xu G, Fan X. OsNAR2.1 Positively Regulates Drought Tolerance and Grain Yield Under Drought Stress Conditions in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:197. [PMID: 30846998 PMCID: PMC6393350 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Drought is an important environmental factor that severely restricts crop production. The high-affinity nitrate transporter partner protein OsNAR2.1 plays an essential role in nitrate absorption and translocation in rice. Our results suggest that OsNAR2.1 expression is markedly induced by water deficit. After drought stress conditions and irrigation, compared with wild-type (WT), the survival rate was significantly improved in OsNAR2.1 over-expression lines and decreased in OsNAR2.1 RNAi lines. The survival rate of Wuyunjing7 (WYJ), OsNRT2.1 over-expression lines and OsNRT2.3a over-expression lines was not significantly different. Compared with WT, overexpression of OsNAR2.1 could significantly increase nitrogen uptake in rice, and OsNAR2.1 RNAi could significantly reduce nitrogen uptake. Under drought conditions, the expression of OsNAC10, OsSNAC1, OsDREB2a, and OsAP37 was significantly reduced in OsNAR2.1 RNAi lines and increased substantially in OsNAR2.1 over-expression lines. Also, the chlorophyll content, relative water content, photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency were decreased considerably in OsNAR2.1 RNAi lines and increased significantly in OsNAR2.1 over-expression lines under drought conditions. Finally, compared to WT, grain yield increased by about 9.1 and 26.6%, in OsNAR2.1 over-expression lines under full and limited irrigation conditions, respectively. These results indicate that OsNAR2.1 regulates the response to drought stress in rice and increases drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingguang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- CAAS-IRRI Joint Laboratory for Genomics-Assisted Germplasm Enhancement, Agricultural Genomics Institute in Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tiantian Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoru Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Longlong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Muhammad Faseeh Iqbal
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoming Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaorong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaorong Fan,
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93
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Hu M, Zhao X, Liu Q, Hong X, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Sun L, Li H, Tong Y. Transgenic expression of plastidic glutamine synthetase increases nitrogen uptake and yield in wheat. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2018; 16:1858-1867. [PMID: 29577547 PMCID: PMC6181211 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The plastidic glutamine synthetase isoform (GS2) plays a key role in nitrogen (N) assimilation. We introduced TaGS2-2Abpro::TaGS2-2Ab, the favourable allele of TaGS2-2A in the winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) variety Ji5265. Transgenic expression of TaGS2-2Ab significantly increased GS2 abundance and GS activity in leaves. Two consecutive field experiments showed the transgenic lines had higher grain yield, spike number, grain number per spike and 1000-grain weight than did the wild type under both low N and high N conditions. Analysis of N use-related traits showed that transgenic expression of TaGS2-2Ab increased root ability to acquire N, N uptake before and after flowering, remobilization of N to grains and N harvest index. Measurement of chlorophyll content and net photosynthesis rate in flag leaves during grain filling stage revealed that the transgenic lines had prolonged leaf functional duration as compared with the wild type. These results suggest that TaGS2 plays important role in N use, and the favourable allele TaGS2-2Ab is valuable in engineering wheat with improved N use efficiency and grain yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyun Hu
- Hebei Laboratory of Crop Genetics and BreedingHebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesInstitute for Cereal and Oil CropsShijiazhuangChina
| | - Xueqiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyBeijingChina
| | - Qian Liu
- Hebei Laboratory of Crop Genetics and BreedingHebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesInstitute for Cereal and Oil CropsShijiazhuangChina
| | - Xia Hong
- State Key Laboratory for Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyBeijingChina
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyBeijingChina
| | - Yingjun Zhang
- Hebei Laboratory of Crop Genetics and BreedingHebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesInstitute for Cereal and Oil CropsShijiazhuangChina
| | - Lijing Sun
- Hebei Laboratory of Crop Genetics and BreedingHebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesInstitute for Cereal and Oil CropsShijiazhuangChina
| | - Hui Li
- Hebei Laboratory of Crop Genetics and BreedingHebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesInstitute for Cereal and Oil CropsShijiazhuangChina
| | - Yiping Tong
- State Key Laboratory for Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyBeijingChina
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94
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Perchlik M, Tegeder M. Leaf Amino Acid Supply Affects Photosynthetic and Plant Nitrogen Use Efficiency under Nitrogen Stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 178:174-188. [PMID: 30082496 PMCID: PMC6130036 DOI: 10.1104/pp.18.00597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The coordinated distribution of nitrogen to source leaves and sinks is essential for supporting leaf metabolism while also supplying sufficient nitrogen to seeds for development. This study aimed to understand how regulated amino acid allocation to leaves affects photosynthesis and overall plant nitrogen use efficiency in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and how soil nitrogen availability influences these processes. Arabidopsis plants with a knockout of AAP2, encoding an amino acid permease involved in xylem-to-phloem transfer of root-derived amino acids, were grown in low-, moderate-, and high-nitrogen environments. We analyzed nitrogen allocation to shoot tissues, photosynthesis, and photosynthetic and plant nitrogen use efficiency in these knockout plants. Our results demonstrate that, independent of nitrogen conditions, aap2 plants allocate more nitrogen to leaves than wild-type plants. Increased leaf nitrogen supply positively affected chlorophyll and Rubisco levels, photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency, and carbon assimilation and transport to sinks. The aap2 plants outperformed wild-type plants with respect to growth, seed yield and carbon storage pools, and nitrogen use efficiency in both high and deficient nitrogen environments. Overall, this study demonstrates that increasing nitrogen allocation to leaves represents an effective strategy for improving carbon fixation and photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency. The results indicate that an optimized coordination of nitrogen and carbon partitioning processes is critical for high oilseed production in Arabidopsis, including in plants exposed to limiting nitrogen conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Perchlik
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164
| | - Mechthild Tegeder
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164
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95
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Shin SY, Jeong JS, Lim JY, Kim T, Park JH, Kim JK, Shin C. Transcriptomic analyses of rice (Oryza sativa) genes and non-coding RNAs under nitrogen starvation using multiple omics technologies. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:532. [PMID: 30005603 PMCID: PMC6043990 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-4897-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitrogen (N) is a key macronutrient essential for plant growth, and its availability has a strong influence on crop development. The application of synthetic N fertilizers on crops has increased substantially in recent decades; however, the applied N is not fully utilized due to the low N use efficiency of crops. To overcome this limitation, it is important to understand the genome-wide responses and functions of key genes and potential regulatory factors in N metabolism. RESULTS Here, we characterized changes in the rice (Oryza sativa) transcriptome, including genes, newly identified putative long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs) and their target mRNAs in response to N starvation using four different transcriptome approaches. Analysis of rice genes involved in N metabolism and/or transport using strand-specific RNA-Seq identified 2588 novel putative lncRNA encoding loci. Analysis of previously published RNA-Seq datasets revealed a group of N starvation-responsive lncRNAs showing differential expression under other abiotic stress conditions. Poly A-primed sequencing (2P-Seq) revealed alternatively polyadenylated isoforms of N starvation-responsive lncRNAs and provided precise 3' end information on the transcript models of these lncRNAs. Analysis of small RNA-Seq data identified N starvation-responsive miRNAs and down-regulation of miR169 family members, causing de-repression of NF-YA, as confirmed by strand-specific RNA-Seq and qRT-PCR. Moreover, we profiled the N starvation-responsive down-regulation of root-specific miRNA, osa-miR444a.4-3p, and Degradome sequencing confirmed MADS25 as a novel target gene. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we used a combination of multiple RNA-Seq analyses to extensively profile the expression of genes, newly identified lncRNAs, and microRNAs in N-starved rice roots and shoots. Data generated in this study provide an in-depth understanding of the regulatory pathways modulated by N starvation-responsive miRNAs. The results of comprehensive, large-scale data analysis provide valuable information on multiple aspects of the rice transcriptome, which may be useful in understanding the responses of rice plants to changes in the N supply status of soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Yoon Shin
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Agricultural Genomics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Seo Jeong
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology and Crop Biotechnology Institute/GreenBio Science & Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, 25354 Republic of Korea
- Present address: Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Jae Yun Lim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Taewook Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - June Hyun Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Kon Kim
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology and Crop Biotechnology Institute/GreenBio Science & Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, 25354 Republic of Korea
| | - Chanseok Shin
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Agricultural Genomics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, and Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Republic of Korea
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96
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Wang YY, Cheng YH, Chen KE, Tsay YF. Nitrate Transport, Signaling, and Use Efficiency. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 69:85-122. [PMID: 29570365 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-042817-040056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen accounts for approximately 60% of the fertilizer consumed each year; thus, it represents one of the major input costs for most nonlegume crops. Nitrate is one of the two major forms of nitrogen that plants acquire from the soil. Mechanistic insights into nitrate transport and signaling have enabled new strategies for enhancing nitrogen utilization efficiency, for lowering input costs for farming, and, more importantly, for alleviating environmental impacts (e.g., eutrophication and production of the greenhouse gas N2O). Over the past decade, significant progress has been made in understanding how nitrate is acquired from the surroundings, how it is efficiently distributed into different plant tissues in response to environmental changes, how nitrate signaling is perceived and transmitted, and how shoot and root nitrogen status is communicated. Several key components of these processes have proven to be novel tools for enhancing nitrate- and nitrogen-use efficiency. In this review, we focus on the roles of NRT1 and NRT2 in nitrate uptake and nitrate allocation among different tissues; we describe the functions of the transceptor NRT1.1, transcription factors, and small signaling peptides in nitrate signaling and tissue communication; and we compile the new strategies for improving nitrogen-use efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Yun Wang
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Cheng
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan;
- Molecular and Cell Biology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-En Chen
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fang Tsay
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan;
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97
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Li H, Liu C, Zhou L, Zhao Z, Li Y, Qu M, Huang K, Zhang L, Lu Y, Cao M, Gao S, Zhang S. Molecular and functional characterization of the magnesium transporter gene ZmMGT12 in maize. Gene 2018; 665:167-173. [PMID: 29702186 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.04.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) is an essential mineral element for normal plant growth and development, and the CorA/MRS2/MGT-type Mg transporters play a significant role in maintaining Mg homeostasis in plants. In total, 12 maize CorA-like Mg2+ transporters have been identified, but none of them had been functionally characterized. Accordingly, we cloned and functionally characterized ZmMGT12 from the maize CorA-like gene family. ZmMGT12 exhibited the structure typical of Mg2+ transporters, i.e., two conserved TM domains and a GMN tripeptide motif. ZmMGT12, Arabidopsis AtMGT6, and rice OsMRS2-6 shared high protein sequence identity and thus clustered in the same phylogenetic branch, suggesting that they could be homologs. A functional complementation assay in the Salmonella typhimurium MM281 mutant indicated that ZmMGT12 possessed Mg2+ transport ability. ZmMGT12 was expressed in roots, stems, and leaves, with the highest expression in leaves. Moreover, ZmMGT12 expression was induced by light and exhibited a circadian expression pattern. In addition, the expression level of ZmMGT12 in leaf tissue was related to chlorophyll synthesis. Overexpression of ZmMGT12 in Arabidopsis caused no phenotypic change in transgenic plants, including in fresh shoot weight, chlorophyll content, shoot Mg2+ content, and chloroplast Mg2+ content. Together, these results suggest that ZmMGT12 is a Mg2+ transporter and may play a role in Mg transport into chloroplasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyou Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest China of Agricultural Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Research Center of Buckwheat Industry Technology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Chan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest China of Agricultural Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lina Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest China of Agricultural Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhuo Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest China of Agricultural Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yihong Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest China of Agricultural Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Min Qu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest China of Agricultural Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Kaifeng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest China of Agricultural Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest China of Agricultural Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yanli Lu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest China of Agricultural Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Moju Cao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest China of Agricultural Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Shibin Gao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest China of Agricultural Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Suzhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest China of Agricultural Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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98
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Gao R, Guo G, Fang C, Huang S, Chen J, Lu R, Huang J, Fan X, Liu C. Rapid Generation of Barley Mutant Lines With High Nitrogen Uptake Efficiency by Microspore Mutagenesis and Field Screening. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:450. [PMID: 29681915 PMCID: PMC5897737 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In vitro mutagenesis via isolated microspore culture provides an efficient way to produce numerous double haploid (DH) lines with mutation introduction and homozygosity stabilization, which can be used for screening directly. In this study, 356 DH lines were produced from the malt barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivar Hua-30 via microspore mutagenic treatment with ethyl methane sulfonate or pingyangmycin during in vitro culture. The lines were subjected to field screening under high nitrogen (HN) and low nitrogen (LN) conditions, and the number of productive tillers was used as the main screening index. Five mutant lines (A1-28, A1-84, A1-226, A16-11, and A9-29) with high numbers of productive tillers were obtained over three consecutive years of screening. In the fifth year, components related to N-use efficiency (NUE), including N accumulation, utilization, and translocation, were characterized for these lines based on N uptake efficiency (NUpE), N utilization efficiency (NUtE), and N translocation efficiency (NTE). The results show that the NUpE of four mutant lines (A1-84, A1-226, A9-29, and A16-11) improved significantly under HN, whereas that of two lines (A1-84 and A9-29) improved under LN. As a result, their NUE improved greatly. No improvement in NUtE was observed in any of the five mutant lines. A1-84 and A9-29 were selected as an enhanced genotype in N uptake, and A1-28 showed improved NTE at the grain-filling stage. Our results imply that high-NUpE mutants can be produced through microspore mutagenesis and field screening, and that improvement of NUE in barley depends on enhancement of N uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runhong Gao
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai, China
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Co-innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guimei Guo
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunyan Fang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai, China
| | - Saihua Huang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianmin Chen
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Co-innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ruiju Lu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhua Huang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaorong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenghong Liu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai, China
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99
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Wang W, Hu B, Yuan D, Liu Y, Che R, Hu Y, Ou S, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Wang H, Li H, Jiang Z, Zhang Z, Gao X, Qiu Y, Meng X, Liu Y, Bai Y, Liang Y, Wang Y, Zhang L, Li L, Sodmergen, Jing H, Li J, Chu C. Expression of the Nitrate Transporter Gene OsNRT1.1A/OsNPF6.3 Confers High Yield and Early Maturation in Rice. THE PLANT CELL 2018; 30:638-651. [PMID: 29475937 PMCID: PMC5894839 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.17.00809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is a major driving force for crop yield improvement, but application of high levels of N delays flowering, prolonging maturation and thus increasing the risk of yield losses. Therefore, traits that enable utilization of high levels of N without delaying maturation will be highly desirable for crop breeding. Here, we show that OsNRT1.1A (OsNPF6.3), a member of the rice (Oryza sativa) nitrate transporter 1/peptide transporter family, is involved in regulating N utilization and flowering, providing a target to produce high yield and early maturation simultaneously. OsNRT.1A has functionally diverged from previously reported NRT1.1 genes in plants and functions in upregulating the expression of N utilization-related genes not only for nitrate but also for ammonium, as well as flowering-related genes. Relative to the wild type, osnrt1.1a mutants exhibited reduced N utilization and late flowering. By contrast, overexpression of OsNRT1.1A in rice greatly improved N utilization and grain yield, and maturation time was also significantly shortened. These effects were further confirmed in different rice backgrounds and also in Arabidopsis thaliana Our study paves a path for the use of a single gene to dramatically increase yield and shorten maturation time for crops, outcomes that promise to substantially increase world food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Bin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Dingyang Yuan
- China National Hybrid Rice Research and Development Center, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Yongqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ronghui Che
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yingchun Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shujun Ou
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | | | - Zhihua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhimin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhengli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiaokai Gao
- School of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Yahong Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiangbing Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yongxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yiqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Lianhe Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Legong Li
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Sodmergen
- College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Haichun Jing
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Jiayang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chengcai Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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Menz J, Range T, Trini J, Ludewig U, Neuhäuser B. Molecular basis of differential nitrogen use efficiencies and nitrogen source preferences in contrasting Arabidopsis accessions. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3373. [PMID: 29463824 PMCID: PMC5820274 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21684-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana differ in their growth and development, but also vary dramatically in their nitrogen use efficiencies (NUE). The molecular basis for these differences has not been addressed yet. Experiments with five contrasting accessions grown in hydroponics at different levels of inorganic nitrogen confirmed low NUE of Col-0 and higher NUE in Tsu-0. At constant external nitrogen supply, higher NUE was based on nitrogen capture, rather than utilization of nitrogen for shoot biomass. This changed when a limited nitrogen amount was supplied. Nevertheless, the total NUE sequence remained similar. Interestingly, the two most contrasting accessions, Col-0 and Tsu-0, differed in the capture of single inorganic nitrogen sources, reflected by the differential consumption of 15N label from ammonium or nitrate, when supplied together. Tsu-0 acquired more nitrate than Col-0, both in roots and shoots. This preference was directly correlated with the expression of certain nitrogen uptake and assimilation systems in the root. However, early transcriptional responses of the root to nitrate deprivation were similar in both accessions, suggesting that the sensing of the external lack of nitrate was not different in the more nitrogen use efficient accession. Thus, a robust rapid nitrate-deprivation signaling exists in both genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Menz
- Institute of Crop Science, Nutritional Crop Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 20, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Tim Range
- Institute of Crop Science, Nutritional Crop Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 20, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Johannes Trini
- Institute of Crop Science, Nutritional Crop Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 20, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Uwe Ludewig
- Institute of Crop Science, Nutritional Crop Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 20, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Benjamin Neuhäuser
- Institute of Crop Science, Nutritional Crop Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 20, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany.
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