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Wei R, Wang X, Tang W, Yang Y, Gao Y, Zhong H, Yang L. Bioaccumulations and potential human health risks assessment of heavy metals in ppk-expressing transgenic rice. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 710:136496. [PMID: 31927296 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In order to reduce the phosphorus (P) resource consume, the polyphosphatekinase (ppk)-expressing transgenic rice (ETR) with high utilization efficiency of P fertilizer had been constructed. However, synthesis polyphosphates (polyP) mediated byppkin the plants have the ability of chelating heavy metals, so the potential hazards of the new elite rice variety have raised concerns. In the study, we planted ETR and wild-type Nipponbare (WT) in paddy fields in southern China. After harvest, the concentrations of eight heavy metals in rice tissues were measured, and health risks assessments were performed. The field experiment showed that the ppkexpressions were detected in the roots and straws of ETR plants but did not increase the concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb in rice tissues. The Hg concentration in the ETRD root was 1.70-fold higher than that in WT, but the abundant Hg bioaccumulation in ETRD only occurred in the root. The bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) of all the detected heavy metals in the ETRS were no different from WT except for Cu and Zn. The results of human health risks assessment of heavy metals in brown rice showed that the non-carcinogenic risks of Cu or Zn in ETRD were higher than that in WT, while there was no difference in the total noncarcinogenic risk of the eight heavy metals in ETR. The carcinogenic risks of heavy metals in ETR were also comparable to that in WT. The results of this study indicated that the ppk expression in rice did not increase human health risks of heavy metals by consuming brown rice, which would provide a safety guarantee for agricultural and environmental applications of ETR not only with single-copy line but also with double-copy line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruping Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Wenli Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Yicheng Yang
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - Yan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Huan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Liuyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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Cao GH, Li ZD, Wang XF, Zhang X, Zhao RH, Gu W, Chen D, Yu J, He S. Phosphate transporters, PnPht1;1 and PnPht1;2 from Panax notoginseng enhance phosphate and arsenate acquisition. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:124. [PMID: 32197586 PMCID: PMC7083058 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-2316-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Panax notoginseng is a medicinally important Chinese herb with a long history of cultivation and clinical application. The planting area is mainly distributed in Wenshan Prefecture, where the quality and safety of P. notoginseng have been threatened by high concentration of arsenic (As) from the soil. The roles of phosphate (Pi) transporters involved in Pi acquisition and arsenate (AsV) tolerance were still unclear in this species. RESULTS In this study, two open reading frames (ORFs) of PnPht1;1 and PnPht1;2 separated from P. notoginseng were cloned based on RNA-seq, which encoded 527 and 541 amino acids, respectively. The results of relative expression levels showed that both genes responded to the Pi deficiency or As exposure, and were highly upregulated. Heterologous expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae MB192 revealed that PnPht1;1 and PnPht1;2 performed optimally in complementing the yeast Pi-transport defect, particularly in PnPht1;2. Cells expressing PnPht1;2 had a stronger AsV tolerance than PnPht1;1-expressing cells, and accumulated less As in cells under a high-Pi concentration. Combining with the result of plasma membrane localization, these data confirmed that transporters PnPht1;1 and PnPht1;2 were putative high-affinity H+/H2PO4- symporters, mediating the uptake of Pi and AsV. CONCLUSION PnPht1;1 and PnPht1;2 encoded functional plasma membrane-localized transporter proteins that mediated a putative high-affinity Pi/H+ symport activity. Expression of PnPht1;1 or PnPht1;2 in mutant strains could enhance the uptake of Pi and AsV, that is probably responsible for the As accumulation in the roots of P. notoginseng.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Hua Cao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization for Bioresources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ze-Dong Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xi-Fu Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Rong-Hua Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Wen Gu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Di Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jie Yu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
| | - Sen He
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
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Fan X, Che X, Lai W, Wang S, Hu W, Chen H, Zhao B, Tang M, Xie X. The auxin-inducible phosphate transporter AsPT5 mediates phosphate transport and is indispensable for arbuscule formation in Chinese milk vetch at moderately high phosphate supply. Environ Microbiol 2020; 22:2053-2079. [PMID: 32079042 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorus is a macronutrient that is essential for plant survival. Most land plants have evolved the ability to form a mutualistic symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, which enhances phosphate (Pi) acquisition. Modulation of Pi transporter systems is the master strategy used by mycorrhizal plants to adapt to ambient Pi concentrations. However, the specific functions of PHOSPHATE TRANSPORTER 1 (PHT1) genes, which are Pi transporters that are responsive to high Pi availability, are largely unknown. Here, we report that AsPT5, an Astragalus sinicus (Chinese milk vetch) member of the PHT1 gene family, is conserved across dicotyledons and is constitutively expressed in a broad range of tissues independently of Pi supply, but is remarkably induced by indole-3-acetic acid (auxin) treatment under moderately high Pi conditions. Subcellular localization experiments indicated that AsPT5 localizes to the plasma membrane of plant cells. Using reverse genetics, we showed that AsPT5 not only mediates Pi transport and remodels root system architecture but is also essential for arbuscule formation in A. sinicus under moderately high Pi concentrations. Overall, our study provides insight into the function of AsPT5 in Pi transport, AM development and the cross-talk between Pi nutrition and auxin signalling in mycorrhizal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xianrong Che
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wenzhen Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | | | - Wentao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Ming Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xianan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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Cao Y, Liu J, Li Y, Zhang J, Li S, An Y, Hu T, Yang P. Functional Analysis of the Phosphate Transporter Gene MtPT6 From Medicago truncatula. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:620377. [PMID: 33613589 PMCID: PMC7890022 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.620377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus is one of the essential macronutrients required by plant growth and development, but phosphate resources are finite and diminishing rapidly because of the huge need in global agriculture. In this study, 11 genes were found in the Phosphate Transporter 1 (PHT1) family of Medicago truncatula. Seven genes of the PHT1 family were available by qRT-PCR. Most of them were expressed in roots, and almost all genes were induced by low-phosphate stress in the nodule. The expression of MtPT6 was relatively high in nodules and induced by low-phosphate stress. The fusion expression of MtPT6 promoter-GUS gene in M. truncatula suggested that the expression of MtPT6 was induced in roots and nodules by phosphate starvation. In roots, MtPT6 was mainly expressed in vascular tissue and tips, and it was also expressed in cortex under low-phosphate stress; in nodules, it was mainly expressed in vascular bundles, cortical cells, and fixation zone cells. MtPT6 had a close relationship with other PHT1 family members according to amino acid alignment and phylogenetic analysis. Subcellular localization analysis in tobacco revealed that MtPT6 protein was localized to the plasma membrane. The heterologous expression of MtPT6 in Arabidopsis knockout mutants of pht1.1 and pht1.4 made seedlings more susceptible to arsenate treatment, and the phosphate concentrations in pht1.1 were higher in high phosphate condition by expressing MtPT6. We conclude that MtPT6 is a typical phosphate transporter gene and can promote phosphate acquisition efficiency of plants.
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Ajadi AA, Tong X, Wang H, Zhao J, Tang L, Li Z, Liu X, Shu Y, Li S, Wang S, Liu W, Tajo SM, Zhang J, Wang Y. Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitors KRP1 and KRP2 Are Involved in Grain Filling and Seed Germination in Rice ( Oryza sativa L.). Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010245. [PMID: 31905829 PMCID: PMC6981537 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors known as KRPs (kip-related proteins) control the progression of plant cell cycles and modulate various plant developmental processes. However, the function of KRPs in rice remains largely unknown. In this study, two rice KRPs members, KRP1 and KRP2, were found to be predominantly expressed in developing seeds and were significantly induced by exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) and Brassinosteroid (BR) applications. Sub-cellular localization experiments showed that KRP1 was mainly localized in the nucleus of rice protoplasts. KRP1 overexpression transgenic lines (OxKRP1), krp2 single mutant (crkrp2), and krp1/krp2 double mutant (crkrp1/krp2) all exhibited significantly smaller seed width, seed length, and reduced grain weight, with impaired seed germination and retarded early seedling growth, suggesting that disturbing the normal steady state of KRP1 or KRP2 blocks seed development partly through inhibiting cell proliferation and enlargement during grain filling and seed germination. Furthermore, two cyclin-dependent protein kinases, CDKC;2 and CDKF;3, could interact with KRP1 in a yeast-two-hybrid system, indicating that KRP1 might regulate the mitosis cell cycle and endoreduplication through the two targets. In a word, this study shed novel insights into the regulatory roles of KRPs in rice seed maturation and germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolore Adijat Ajadi
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (A.A.A.); (X.T.); (H.W.); (J.Z.); (L.T.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (Y.S.); (S.L.); (S.W.); (W.L.); (S.M.T.)
- Biotechnology Unit, National Cereals Research Institute, Badeggi, Bida 912101, Nigeria
| | - Xiaohong Tong
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (A.A.A.); (X.T.); (H.W.); (J.Z.); (L.T.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (Y.S.); (S.L.); (S.W.); (W.L.); (S.M.T.)
| | - Huimei Wang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (A.A.A.); (X.T.); (H.W.); (J.Z.); (L.T.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (Y.S.); (S.L.); (S.W.); (W.L.); (S.M.T.)
| | - Juan Zhao
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (A.A.A.); (X.T.); (H.W.); (J.Z.); (L.T.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (Y.S.); (S.L.); (S.W.); (W.L.); (S.M.T.)
| | - Liqun Tang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (A.A.A.); (X.T.); (H.W.); (J.Z.); (L.T.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (Y.S.); (S.L.); (S.W.); (W.L.); (S.M.T.)
| | - Zhiyong Li
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (A.A.A.); (X.T.); (H.W.); (J.Z.); (L.T.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (Y.S.); (S.L.); (S.W.); (W.L.); (S.M.T.)
| | - Xixi Liu
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (A.A.A.); (X.T.); (H.W.); (J.Z.); (L.T.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (Y.S.); (S.L.); (S.W.); (W.L.); (S.M.T.)
| | - Yazhou Shu
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (A.A.A.); (X.T.); (H.W.); (J.Z.); (L.T.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (Y.S.); (S.L.); (S.W.); (W.L.); (S.M.T.)
| | - Shufan Li
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (A.A.A.); (X.T.); (H.W.); (J.Z.); (L.T.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (Y.S.); (S.L.); (S.W.); (W.L.); (S.M.T.)
| | - Shuang Wang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (A.A.A.); (X.T.); (H.W.); (J.Z.); (L.T.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (Y.S.); (S.L.); (S.W.); (W.L.); (S.M.T.)
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Wanning Liu
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (A.A.A.); (X.T.); (H.W.); (J.Z.); (L.T.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (Y.S.); (S.L.); (S.W.); (W.L.); (S.M.T.)
| | - Sani Muhammad Tajo
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (A.A.A.); (X.T.); (H.W.); (J.Z.); (L.T.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (Y.S.); (S.L.); (S.W.); (W.L.); (S.M.T.)
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (A.A.A.); (X.T.); (H.W.); (J.Z.); (L.T.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (Y.S.); (S.L.); (S.W.); (W.L.); (S.M.T.)
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (Y.W.); Tel./Fax: +86-571-6337-0277 (J.Z.); +86-571-6337-0206 (Y.W.)
| | - Yifeng Wang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (A.A.A.); (X.T.); (H.W.); (J.Z.); (L.T.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (Y.S.); (S.L.); (S.W.); (W.L.); (S.M.T.)
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (Y.W.); Tel./Fax: +86-571-6337-0277 (J.Z.); +86-571-6337-0206 (Y.W.)
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Wang J, Yang Y, Liao L, Xu J, Liang X, Liu W. Genome-Wide Identification and Functional Characterization of the Phosphate Transporter Gene Family in Sorghum. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E670. [PMID: 31671617 PMCID: PMC6921035 DOI: 10.3390/biom9110670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The phosphate transporter (PHT) family mediates the uptake and translocation of the essential macronutrient phosphorus (P) in plants. In this study, 27 PHT proteins in Sorghum were identified via bioinformatics tools. Phylogenetic analysis of their protein sequences in comparison with those family proteins from Arabidopsis and rice indicated that these proteins could be clustered into five typical subfamilies. There are 12 SbPHT1 members, one SbPHT2, six SbPHT3s, six SbPHT4s, and two SbPHOs in Sorghum. Further analysis of the gene structure, conserved motifs, subcellular localization, and transmembrane domains suggested that these features are relatively conserved within each subfamily. Meanwhile, the qRT-PCR assay implied that SbPHT1;2, SbPHT1;11, and SbPHT4;6 were significantly upregulated in roots when exposed to low-phosphate conditions, suggesting that these genes might be involved in P uptake in low-phosphate conditions. Our study will increase our understanding of the roles of phosphate transporters in Sorghum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Regional Plant Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement (CTGU)/ Biotechnology Research Center, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Regional Plant Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement (CTGU)/ Biotechnology Research Center, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China.
| | - Lingzi Liao
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Regional Plant Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement (CTGU)/ Biotechnology Research Center, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China.
| | - Jiawei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Regional Plant Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement (CTGU)/ Biotechnology Research Center, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China.
| | - Xiao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Regional Plant Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement (CTGU)/ Biotechnology Research Center, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China.
| | - Wen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Regional Plant Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement (CTGU)/ Biotechnology Research Center, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China.
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Xie X, Hu W, Fan X, Chen H, Tang M. Interactions Between Phosphorus, Zinc, and Iron Homeostasis in Nonmycorrhizal and Mycorrhizal Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1172. [PMID: 31616454 PMCID: PMC6775243 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P), zinc (Zn), and iron (Fe) are three essential elements for plant survival, and severe deficiencies in these nutrients lead to growth retardation and crop yield reduction. This review synthesizes recent progress on how plants coordinate the acquisition and signaling of Pi, Zn, and Fe from surrounding environments and which genes are involved in these Pi-Zn-Fe interactions with the aim of better understanding of the cross-talk between these macronutrient and micronutrient homeostasis in plants. In addition, identification of genes important for interactions between Pi, Zn, and/or Fe transport and signaling is a useful target for breeders for improvement in plant nutrient acquisition. Furthermore, to understand these processes in arbuscular mycorrhizal plants, the preliminary examination of interactions between Pi, Zn, and Fe homeostasis in some relevant crop species has been performed at the physiological level and is summarized in this article. In conclusion, the development of integrative study of cross-talks between Pi, Zn, and Fe signaling pathway in mycorrhizal plants will be essential for sustainable agriculture all around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources (South China Agricultural University), Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wentao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources (South China Agricultural University), Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoning Fan
- Department of Plant Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources (South China Agricultural University), Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources (South China Agricultural University), Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Zhu CQ, Hu WJ, Cao XC, Zhu LF, Bai ZG, Liang QD, Huang J, Jin QY, Zhang JH. Hydrogen peroxide alleviates P starvation in rice by facilitating P remobilization from the root cell wall. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 240:153003. [PMID: 31279219 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2019.153003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) deficiency limits rice production. Increasing the remobilization of P stored in the root cell wall is an efficient way to alleviate P starvation in rice. In the current study, we found that the addition of 50 μM H2O2 significantly increased soluble P content in rice. H2O2 stimulated pectin biosynthesis and increased pectin methylesterase (PME) activity, thus stimulating the release of P from the cell wall in roots. H2O2 also regulates internal P homeostasis by increasing the expression of P transporter genes OsPT2, OsPT6, and OsPT8 at different treatment times. In addition, the H2O2 treatment increased the expression of nitrate reductase (NR) genes OsNIA1 and OsNIA2 and the activity of NR, then increased the accumulation of nitric oxide (NO) in the rice root. The application of the NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and the H2O2 scavenger 4-hydroxy-TEMPO significantly increased soluble P content by increasing pectin levels and PME activity to enhance the remobilization of P from the cell wall. However, the addition of NO scavenger 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4, 4, 5, 5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (c-PTIO) with and without H2O2 had the opposite effect, suggesting that NO functions downstream of H2O2 to increase the remobilization of cell wall P in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Quan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
| | - Wen Jun Hu
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
| | - Xiao Chuang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
| | - Lian Feng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
| | - Zhi Gang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
| | - Qing Duo Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
| | - Jie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
| | - Qian Yu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
| | - Jun Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
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Sandhu N, Subedi SR, Singh VK, Sinha P, Kumar S, Singh SP, Ghimire SK, Pandey M, Yadaw RB, Varshney RK, Kumar A. Deciphering the genetic basis of root morphology, nutrient uptake, yield, and yield-related traits in rice under dry direct-seeded cultivation systems. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9334. [PMID: 31249338 PMCID: PMC6597570 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45770-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In the face of global water scarcity, a successful transition of rice cultivation from puddled to dry direct-seeded rice (DDSR) is a future need. A genome-wide association study was performed on a complex mapping population for 39 traits: 9 seedling-establishment traits, 14 root and nutrient-uptake traits, 5 plant morphological traits, 4 lodging resistance traits, and 7 yield and yield-contributing traits. A total of 10 significant marker-trait associations (MTAs) were found along with 25 QTLs associated with 25 traits. The percent phenotypic variance explained by SNPs ranged from 8% to 84%. Grain yield was found to be significantly and positively correlated with seedling-establishment traits, root morphological traits, nutrient uptake-related traits, and grain yield-contributing traits. The genomic colocation of different root morphological traits, nutrient uptake-related traits, and grain-yield-contributing traits further supports the role of root morphological traits in improving nutrient uptake and grain yield under DDSR. The QTLs/candidate genes underlying the significant MTAs were identified. The identified promising progenies carrying these QTLs may serve as potential donors to be exploited in genomics-assisted breeding programs for improving grain yield and adaptability under DDSR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitika Sandhu
- Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute, Metro Manila, Philippines.,Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Sushil Raj Subedi
- Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute, Metro Manila, Philippines.,Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal.,National Rice Research Program, Hardinath, Nepal
| | - Vikas Kumar Singh
- International Rice Research Institute, South Asia Hub, ICRISAT, Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
| | - Pallavi Sinha
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and System Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - S P Singh
- Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India
| | | | - Madhav Pandey
- Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal
| | | | - Rajeev K Varshney
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and System Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
| | - Arvind Kumar
- Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute, Metro Manila, Philippines.
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60
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Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Chen S, Liu J, Fan K, Li Z, Liu Z, Lin W. Gibberellins play dual roles in response to phosphate starvation of tomato seedlings, negatively in shoots but positively in roots. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 234-235:145-153. [PMID: 30807885 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Gibberellins (GAs), a group of plant hormones, and phosphate (Pi), a macronutrient, are essential for numerous aspects of plant growth and development. During Pi starvation, plants develop many adaptive strategies to cope. However, the detailed roles of GAs in Pi deficiency responses of plants are largely unclear. In the present work, we found that low Pi (LP) treatment caused many responses in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), including anthocyanin accumulation, upregulation of genes encoding high-affinity Pi transporters, and a striking induction of primary root growth. Application of exogeneous GA3 in the wild-type Micro-Tom (MT) significantly impaired LP-induced shoot anthocyanin accumulation and the upregulation of several key biosynthetic genes, including SlCHS, SlDFR, and SlF3'H. Meanwhile, LP-induced primary root elongation, upregulated SlPT2 and SlPT7 (genes encoding high-affinity Pi transporters), and favored Pi uptake were obviously attenuated in GA biosynthetic mutant gib3. Moreover, LP treatment obviously decreased the content of endogenous GA4 (a main form of GAs in tomato) in shoots but increased it in roots of MT seedlings. Additionally, in pro, a tomato mutant of DELLA protein, the LP-induced anthocyanin accumulation and expression of SlCHS, SlDFR, and SlF3'H were impaired, whereas the LP-induced primary root growth, expression of genes SlPT2 and SlPT7, and Pi uptake were more enhanced compared with the wild-type MT. Taking these data together, GAs play dual roles in the Pi starvation response of tomato seedlings, negatively in shoots but positively in roots. In addition, the GA-PRO system may play an important role in responding to Pi starvation in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province Universities, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuwei Zhou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinliang Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Fan
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province Universities, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaowei Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongjuan Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province Universities, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxiong Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province Universities, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China.
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61
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Li Y, Li C, Cheng L, Yu S, Shen C, Pan Y. Over-expression of OsPT2 under a rice root specific promoter Os03g01700. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 136:52-57. [PMID: 30641408 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Identification of root-specific promoters is a good method to drive root-specific gene expression for nutrient uptake. Constitutive over-expression of OsPT2 may have negative effects on the growth of rice seedlings under high Pi condition. Thus, characterization and utilization of root-specific promoters are critical for genetic breeding. Here, a root-specific promoter (Os03g01700) with a number of specific regulatory elements has been confirmed. Interestingly, cis-regulatory element S449 is significantly enriched in the -1475∼-2013 bp and -1077∼-1475 bp regions of Os03g01700 promoter. The activities of several deletion derivatives of Os03g01700 promoter were analyzed using both transient expression and genetic transformation system. The results showed that the root-specific cis-acting elements might be present in the -2013 bp~-1475 bp and -1077 bp~-561 bp regions of Os03g01700 promoter. To determine the actual effect of root-specific expression of OsPT2, a construction consisting of Os03g01700 promoter and OsPT2 CDS was used to transform rice. Under Pi-sufficient condition, there were a series of symptoms of phosphorus toxicity in the shoots of OsPT2 over-expressing (Ov-OsPT2) seedlings. Under Pi-deficient condition, more soluble Pi was accumulated in the shoots of Ov-OsPT2 seedlings than that in the wild type. Our data provide a candidate root-specific promoter in the breeding of rice with high phosphorus uptake variety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanya Li
- College of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China.
| | - Caixia Li
- Lab Center of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Lizhong Cheng
- Lab Center of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Shuangshuang Yu
- College of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Chenjia Shen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Yue Pan
- College of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
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Harper J, Gasior D, Mathews R, Thomas A, Evans C, King J, King I, Humphreys M, Armstead I. An investigation of genotype-phenotype association in a festulolium forage grass population containing genome-spanning Festuca pratensis chromosome segments in a Lolium perenne background. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207412. [PMID: 30427919 PMCID: PMC6235365 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alien chromosome introgression is used for the transfer of beneficial traits in plant breeding. For temperate forage grasses, much of the work in this context has focused on species within the ryegrasses (Lolium spp.) and the closely related fescues (Festuca spp.) particularly with a view to combining high forage quality with reliability and enhanced environmental services. We have analysed a L. perenne (perennial ryegrass) population containing the majority of a F. pratensis (meadow fescue) genome as introgressed chromosome segments to identify a) marker-trait associations for nutrient use and abiotic stress response across the family, and b) to assess the effects of introgression of F. pratensis genomic regions on phenotype. Using container-based assays and a system of flowing solution culture, we looked at phenotype responses, including root growth, to nitrogen and phosphorus status in the growing medium and abiotic stresses within this festulolium family. A number of significant marker/trait associations were identified across the family for root biomass on chromosomes 2, 3 and 5 and for heading date on chromosome 2. Of particular interest was a region on chromosome 2 associated with increased root biomass in phosphorus-limited conditions derived from one of the L. perenne parents. A genotype containing F. pratensis chromosome 4 as a monosomic introgression showed increased tiller number, shoot and root growth and genotypes with F. pratensis chromosome segment introgressions at different ends of chromosome 4 exhibited differential phenotypes across a variety of test conditions. There was also a general negative correlation between the extent of the F. pratensis genome that had been introgressed and root-related trait performances. We conclude that 1) the identification of alleles affecting root growth has potential application in forage grass breeding and, 2) F. pratensis introgressions can enhance quantitative traits, however, introgression can also have more general negative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Harper
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
| | - Dagmara Gasior
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
| | - Ros Mathews
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
| | - Ann Thomas
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
| | - Caron Evans
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
| | - Julie King
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, United Kingdom
| | - Ian King
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, United Kingdom
| | - Mike Humphreys
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Armstead
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
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63
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Julia CC, Rose TJ, Pariasca-Tanaka J, Jeong K, Matsuda T, Wissuwa M. Phosphorus uptake commences at the earliest stages of seedling development in rice. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:5233-5240. [PMID: 30053197 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Seed phosphorus (P) reserves are essential for seedling development; however, we hypothesise that the quantity of P in seeds will lose importance in cultivars that rapidly acquire it via their roots. Our objective in this study was therefore to investigate the onset of seedling P uptake in rice (Oryza sativa). This was addressed through 33P-labelled supply and through measuring P depletion in combination with the detection of P transporter activity in the root tissue of three rice cultivars during early development. 33P supplied to roots 4 d after germination (DAG) was detected in shoots 2 d later, indicating that P was taken up and translocated to shoots during early seedling development. Measurements of P depletion from the growth medium indicated that uptake occurred even at 2 DAG when roots were only 3 cm long. By day 3, P depletion was rapid and P transporter activity was detected in roots, regardless of the levels of seed P reserves present. We conclude that P uptake commences at the earliest stages of seedling development in rice, that the amount taken up will be limited by root size, and that genotypes with more rapid root development should more rapidly complement seed-P reserves by root uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecile C Julia
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Terry J Rose
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Juan Pariasca-Tanaka
- Crop, Livestock and Environment Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kwanho Jeong
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Taro Matsuda
- Crop, Livestock and Environment Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Matthias Wissuwa
- Crop, Livestock and Environment Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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64
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Xue Y, Zhuang Q, Zhu S, Xiao B, Liang C, Liao H, Tian J. Genome Wide Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Complex Regulatory Mechanisms Underlying Phosphate Homeostasis in Soybean Nodules. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2924. [PMID: 30261621 PMCID: PMC6213598 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19102924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) deficiency is a major limitation for legume crop production. Although overall adaptations of plant roots to P deficiency have been extensively studied, only fragmentary information is available in regard to root nodule responses to P deficiency. In this study, genome wide transcriptome analysis was conducted using RNA-seq analysis in soybean nodules grown under P-sufficient (500 μM KH₂PO₄) and P-deficient (25 μM KH₂PO₄) conditions to investigate molecular mechanisms underlying soybean (Glycine max) nodule adaptation to phosphate (Pi) starvation. Phosphorus deficiency significantly decreased soybean nodule growth and nitrogenase activity. Nodule Pi concentrations declined by 49% in response to P deficiency, but this was well below the 87% and 88% decreases observed in shoots and roots, respectively. Nodule transcript profiling revealed that a total of 2055 genes exhibited differential expression patterns between Pi sufficient and deficient conditions. A set of (differentially expressed genes) DEGs appeared to be involved in maintaining Pi homeostasis in soybean nodules, including eight Pi transporters (PTs), eight genes coding proteins containing the SYG1/PHO81/XPR1 domain (SPXs), and 16 purple acid phosphatases (PAPs). The results suggest that a complex transcriptional regulatory network participates in soybean nodule adaption to Pi starvation, most notable a Pi signaling pathway, are involved in maintaining Pi homeostasis in nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingbin Xue
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Qingli Zhuang
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Shengnan Zhu
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Bixian Xiao
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Cuiyue Liang
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Hong Liao
- Root Biology Center, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350000, China.
| | - Jiang Tian
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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65
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Jeong K, Pantoja O, Baten A, Waters D, Kretzschmar T, Wissuwa M, Julia CC, Heuer S, Rose TJ. Transcriptional response of rice flag leaves to restricted external phosphorus supply during grain filling in rice cv. IR64. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203654. [PMID: 30212503 PMCID: PMC6136725 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant phosphorus (P) remobilisation during leaf senescence has fundamental implications for global P cycle fluxes. Hypothesising that genes involved in remobilisation of P from leaves during grain filling would show altered expression in response to P deprivation, we investigated gene expression in rice flag leaves at 8 days after anthesis (DAA) and 16 DAA in plants that received a continuous supply of P in the nutrient solution vs plants where P was omitted from the nutrient solution for 8 consecutive days prior to measurement. The transcriptional response to growth in the absence of P differed between the early stage (8 DAA) and the later stage (16 DAA) of grain filling. At 8 DAA, rice plants maintained production of energy substrates through upregulation of genes involved in photosynthesis. In contrast, at 16 DAA carbon substrates were produced by degradation of structural polysaccharides and over 50% of highly upregulated genes in P-deprived plants were associated with protein degradation and nitrogen/amino acid transport, suggesting withdrawal of P from the nutrient solution led to accelerated senescence. Genes involved in liberating inorganic P from the organic P compounds and vacuolar P transporters displayed differential expression depending on the stage of grain filling stage and timing of P withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwanho Jeong
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Australia
- Southern Cross GeoScience, Southern Cross University, Australia
| | - Omar Pantoja
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Abdul Baten
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Australia
| | - Daniel Waters
- ARC ITTC for Functional Grains, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga NSW, Australia
| | - Tobias Kretzschmar
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Australia
- Genotyping Services Laboratory, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Matthias Wissuwa
- Crop, Livestock and Environment Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Ohwashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Cecile C. Julia
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Australia
- Southern Cross GeoScience, Southern Cross University, Australia
| | - Sigrid Heuer
- Department of Plant Biology and Crop Sciences, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Herts, United Kingdom
| | - Terry J. Rose
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Australia
- Southern Cross GeoScience, Southern Cross University, Australia
- * E-mail:
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66
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Wang P, Xu X, Tang Z, Zhang W, Huang XY, Zhao FJ. OsWRKY28 Regulates Phosphate and Arsenate Accumulation, Root System Architecture and Fertility in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1330. [PMID: 30258455 PMCID: PMC6143681 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
WRKYs are transcriptional factors involved in stress tolerance and development of plants. In the present study, we characterized OsWRKY28, a group IIa WRKY gene, in rice, because its expression was found to be upregulated by arsenate exposure in previous transcriptomic studies. Subcellular localization using YFP-OsWRKY28 fusion protein showed that the protein was localized in the nuclei. Transgenic rice plants expressing pOsWRKY28::GUS suggested that the gene was expressed in various tissues in the whole plant, with a strong expression in the root tips, lateral roots and reproductive organs. The expression of OsWRKY28 was markedly induced by arsenate and other oxidative stresses. In a hydroponic experiment, loss-of-function mutation in OsWRKY28 resulted in lower accumulation of arsenate and phosphate concentration in the shoots. The mutants showed altered root system architecture, with fewer lateral roots and shorter total root length than wild-type plants. In a soil pot experiment, the mutants produced lower grain yield than wild-type because of reduced fertility and smaller effective tiller numbers. Transcriptomic profiling using RNA-seq showed altered expression in the mutant of genes involved in the biosynthesis of phytohormones, especially jasmonic acid (JA). Exogenous JA treatments mimicked the phenotypes of the oswrky28 mutants with inhibited root elongation and decreased arsenate/phosphate translocation. Our results suggested that OsWRKY28 affected arsenate/phosphate accumulation, root development at the seedling stage and fertility at the reproductive stage possibly by influencing homeostasis of JA or other phytohormones.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Fang-Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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67
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Yugandhar P, Sun Y, Liu L, Negi M, Nallamothu V, Sun S, Neelamraju S, Rai V, Jain A. Characterization of the loss-of-function mutant NH101 for yield under phosphate deficiency from EMS-induced mutants of rice variety Nagina22. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 130:1-13. [PMID: 29957570 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In earlier studies at IIRR, Hyderabad, screening of ∼2000 EMS mutants of the rice variety Nagina22 (N22) resulted in the identification of 11 loss-of-function mutants with zero grain yield in Pi-deprived soil under field condition. Among these mutants, NH101 was selected for comparative analyses with N22 for various morphophysiological and/or molecular traits during growth in a hydroponic system (7 d) and in a pot soil (50% flowering) under different Pi regime. The total length of the seminal and adventitious roots, agronomic traits (panicle length and unfilled spikelet/panicle), activities of the antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, and APX), and the relative expression levels of the genes involved in the maintenance of Pi homeostasis (MPH) i.e., OsPHR2, SPX1/2 OsPT4, 6, and 8 showed significant increase in the Pi-deprived mutant compared with N22. Whereas, some of the traits showed significant reduction in NH101 than N22 such as number of tillers and filled spikelets/panicle, yield, contents of Pi and externally secreted APase, activity of CAT, and the relative expression levels of MPH genes i.e., OsmiR399a, OsPHO1;2, OsIPS1, OsPAP10a, OsPT2, 9, and 10. The study highlighted wide spectrum differential effects of the mutation in NH101 on various traits that play important roles governing the maintenance of Pi homeostasis. This mutant thus provides a rich repository of genetic material amenable for the identification of the genes that are pivotal for Pi use efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poli Yugandhar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, 500030, India
| | - Yafei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Manisha Negi
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Lal Bahadur Shastri Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | | | - Shubin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Sarla Neelamraju
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, 500030, India.
| | - Vandna Rai
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Lal Bahadur Shastri Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Ajay Jain
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India.
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68
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Fang Zhu X, Sheng Zhao X, Wu Q, Fang Shen R. Abscisic acid is involved in root cell wall phosphorus remobilization independent of nitric oxide and ethylene in rice (Oryza sativa). ANNALS OF BOTANY 2018; 121:1361-1368. [PMID: 29562313 PMCID: PMC6007365 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcy034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abscisic acid (ABA) is a well-studied phytohormone demonstrated to be involved in sub-sets of stress responses in plants, such as iron (Fe) deficiency and phosphorus (P) deficiency in Arabidopsis. However, whether ABA is involved in P deficiency in rice has not been frequently studied. The present study was undertaken to investigate the mechanism underlying ABA-aggravated P deficiency in rice (Oryza sativa). RESULTS P deficiency decreased ABA accumulation rapidly (within 1 h) in the roots. Exogenous ABA negatively regulated root and shoot soluble P contents by decreasing pectin content, inhibiting P deficiency-induced increases in pectin methylesterase activity and expression of the phosphate transporter gene-OsPT6, thereby decreasing the re-utilization of P from the cell wall and its translocation to the shoot. Moreover, neither the nitric oxide (NO) donor sodium nitroprusside nor ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid had any effect on ABA accumulation, and application of ABA or the ABA inhibitor fluridone also had no effect on NO production and ethylene emission. CONCLUSIONS Under P deficiency, NO levels increase as quickly as ABA levels decrease, to inhibit both the ABA-induced reduction of pectin contents for the re-utilization of cell wall P and the ABA-induced down-regulation of OsPT6 for the translocation of P from roots to shoots. Overall, our results provide novel information indicating that the reduction of ABA under P deficiency is a very important pathway in the re-utilization of cell wall P in rice under P-deficient conditions, which should be a very effective mechanism for plant survival under P deficiency stress for common agronomic practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Fang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Sheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ren Fang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- For correspondence. E-mail
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69
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Yang WT, Baek D, Yun DJ, Lee KS, Hong SY, Bae KD, Chung YS, Kwon YS, Kim DH, Jung KH, Kim DH. Rice OsMYB5P improves plant phosphate acquisition by regulation of phosphate transporter. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194628. [PMID: 29566032 PMCID: PMC5864048 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloblastosis (MYB) transcription factors play central roles in plant developmental processes and in responses to nutrient deficiency. In this study, OsMYB5P, an R2R3-MYB transcription factor, was isolated and identified from rice (Oryza sativa L. 'Dongjin') under inorganic phosphate (Pi)-deficient conditions. OsMYB5P protein is localized to the nucleus and functions as a transcription activator in plant development. Overexpression of OsMYB5P in rice and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0) increases tolerance to phosphate starvation, whereas OsMYB5P knock-out through RNA interference increases sensitivity to Pi depletion in rice. Furthermore, shoots and roots of transgenic rice plants overexpressing OsMYB5P were longer than those of wild plants under both normal and Pi-deficient conditions. These results indicate that OsMYB5P is associated with the regulation of shoot development and root- system architecture. Overexpression of OsMYB5P led to increased Pi accumulation in shoots and roots. Interestingly, OsMYB5P directly bound to MBS (MYB binding site) motifs on the OsPT5 promoter and induced transcription of OsPT5 in rice. In addition, overexpression of OsMYB5P in Arabidopsis triggered increased expression of AtPht1;3, an Arabidopsis Pi transporter, in shoots and roots under normal and Pi-deficient conditions. Together, these results demonstrate that overexpression of OsMYB5P increases tolerance to Pi deficiency in plants by modulating Pi transporters at the transcriptional level in monocots and dicots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Tae Yang
- College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - Dongwon Baek
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 PLUS), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Dae-Jin Yun
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang Sik Lee
- College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - So Yeon Hong
- College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - Ki Deuk Bae
- College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - Young Soo Chung
- College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - Yong Sham Kwon
- College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - Du Hyun Kim
- College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - Ki Hong Jung
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Doh Hoon Kim
- College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
- * E-mail:
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70
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Perera I, Seneweera S, Hirotsu N. Manipulating the Phytic Acid Content of Rice Grain Toward Improving Micronutrient Bioavailability. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 11:4. [PMID: 29327163 PMCID: PMC5764899 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-018-0200-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Myo-inositol hexaphosphate, also known as phytic acid (PA), is the most abundant storage form of phosphorus in seeds. PA acts as a strong chelator of metal cations to form phytate and is considered an anti-nutrient as it reduces the bioavailability of important micronutrients. Although the major nutrient source for more than one-half of the global population, rice is a poor source of essential micronutrients. Therefore, biofortification and reducing the PA content of rice have arisen as new strategies for increasing micronutrient bioavailability in rice. Furthermore, global climate change effects, particularly rising atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration, are expected to increase the PA content and reduce the concentrations of most of the essential micronutrients in rice grain. Several genes involved in PA biosynthesis have been identified and characterized in rice. Proper understanding of the genes related to PA accumulation during seed development and creating the means to suppress the expression of these genes should provide a foundation for manipulating the PA content in rice grain. Low-PA rice mutants have been developed that have a significantly lower grain PA content, but these mutants also had reduced yields and poor agronomic performance, traits that challenge their effective use in breeding programs. Nevertheless, transgenic technology has been effective in developing low-PA rice without hampering plant growth or seed development. Moreover, manipulating the micronutrient distribution in rice grain, enhancing micronutrient levels and reducing the PA content in endosperm are possible strategies for increasing mineral bioavailability. Therefore, a holistic breeding approach is essential for developing successful low-PA rice lines. In this review, we focus on the key determinants for PA concentration in rice grain and discuss the possible molecular methods and approaches for manipulating the PA content to increase micronutrient bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishara Perera
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1 Izumino, Itakura-machi, Oura-gun, Gunma, 374-0193 Japan
| | - Saman Seneweera
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350 Australia
| | - Naoki Hirotsu
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1 Izumino, Itakura-machi, Oura-gun, Gunma, 374-0193 Japan
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350 Australia
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1 Izumino, Itakura-machi, Oura-gun, Gunma, 374-0193 Japan
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71
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Cao Y, Sun D, Ai H, Mei H, Liu X, Sun S, Xu G, Liu Y, Chen Y, Ma LQ. Knocking Out OsPT4 Gene Decreases Arsenate Uptake by Rice Plants and Inorganic Arsenic Accumulation in Rice Grains. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:12131-12138. [PMID: 29024589 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b03028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) accumulation in rice grains poses health risk to humans. Plants including rice take up arsenate (AsV) by phosphate transporters. In this study, rice phosphate transporter OsPT4 (OsPht1;4) was investigated based on two independent T-DNA insertion mutants of OsPT4 (M1 and M2), which displayed stronger AsV resistance than wild types WT1 and WT2. When cultivated in medium (+P or -P) with AsV, ospt4 mutants accumulated 16-32% lower As in plants, suggesting that OsPT4 mediates AsV uptake. Analysis of the xylem sap showed that AsV concentrations in ospt4 mutants was 20-40% lower than WT controls under -P condition, indicating OsPT4 may also mediate AsV translocation. Moreover, kinetics analysis showed that ospt4 mutants had lower AsV uptake rates than the WT controls, further proving that OsPT4 functions as an AsV transporter in rice. When grown in flooded soils with As, AsV concentrations in rice grains of ospt4 mutants decreased by 50-55%. More importantly, knocking out OsPT4 in M1 and M2 reduced inorganic As accumulation in rice grains by 20-44%, significant for controlling As exposure risk from rice. Taken together, our findings revealed a critical role of OsPT4 in AsV uptake and translocation in rice. Knocking out OsPT4 effectively decreased inorganic As accumulation in rice grains, shedding light on engineering low-As rice to enhance food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Cao
- State Key Lab of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Dan Sun
- State Key Lab of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Hao Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hanyi Mei
- State Key Lab of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xue Liu
- State Key Lab of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Shubin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yungen Liu
- Research Institute of Rural Sewage Treatment, South West Forestry University , Kunming, Yunnan 650224, China
| | - Yanshan Chen
- State Key Lab of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Lena Q Ma
- State Key Lab of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing Jiangsu 210023, China
- Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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72
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Jia H, Zhang S, Wang L, Yang Y, Zhang H, Cui H, Shao H, Xu G. OsPht1;8, a phosphate transporter, is involved in auxin and phosphate starvation response in rice. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:5057-5068. [PMID: 29036625 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The responses of plants to auxin and phosphate (Pi) starvation are closely linked. However, the underlying mechanisms connecting the Pi starvation (-Pi) responses to auxin are largely unclear. Here, we show that OsPht1;8 (OsPT8), a phosphate transporter, functions in both the auxin and -Pi responses in rice (Oryza sativa L.) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). The overexpression of OsPT8 (OsPT8-Oe) led to the loss of sensitivity to auxin and -Pi in adventitious roots, lateral roots, and root hairs in rice. The expression levels of OsPT8 and pOsPT8::GUS staining in roots, root-shoot junctions and leaves of rice were induced by IAA treatments. The number of young lateral roots in the OsPT8-Oe transgenic rice, which had higher auxin concentrations, was distinctly more than that in the wild-type, possibly as a result of increased expression of auxin-related genes under normal Pi condition. Moreover, tobacco overexpressing OsPT8 had a similar root phenotype to OsPT8-Oe rice. These data reveal a novel biological function of OsPT8 in the cross-talk between Pi and auxin signaling, and provide new evidence for the linkage between auxin and -Pi responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfang Jia
- National Tobacco Cultivation and Physiology and Biochemistry Research Centre, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Songtao Zhang
- National Tobacco Cultivation and Physiology and Biochemistry Research Centre, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Lizhi Wang
- National Tobacco Cultivation and Physiology and Biochemistry Research Centre, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology in Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yongxia Yang
- National Tobacco Cultivation and Physiology and Biochemistry Research Centre, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Hongying Zhang
- National Tobacco Cultivation and Physiology and Biochemistry Research Centre, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Hong Cui
- National Tobacco Cultivation and Physiology and Biochemistry Research Centre, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Huifang Shao
- National Tobacco Cultivation and Physiology and Biochemistry Research Centre, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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73
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Chen L, Liao H. Engineering crop nutrient efficiency for sustainable agriculture. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 59:710-735. [PMID: 28600834 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Increasing crop yields can provide food, animal feed, bioenergy feedstocks and biomaterials to meet increasing global demand; however, the methods used to increase yield can negatively affect sustainability. For example, application of excess fertilizer can generate and maintain high yields but also increases input costs and contributes to environmental damage through eutrophication, soil acidification and air pollution. Improving crop nutrient efficiency can improve agricultural sustainability by increasing yield while decreasing input costs and harmful environmental effects. Here, we review the mechanisms of nutrient efficiency (primarily for nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and iron) and breeding strategies for improving this trait, along with the role of regulation of gene expression in enhancing crop nutrient efficiency to increase yields. We focus on the importance of root system architecture to improve nutrient acquisition efficiency, as well as the contributions of mineral translocation, remobilization and metabolic efficiency to nutrient utilization efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hong Liao
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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74
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Li S, Ying Y, Secco D, Wang C, Narsai R, Whelan J, Shou H. Molecular interaction between PHO2 and GIGANTEA reveals a new crosstalk between flowering time and phosphate homeostasis in Oryza sativa. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:1487-1499. [PMID: 28337762 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Revised: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Plants are often confronted to nutrient limiting conditions, such as inorganic phosphate (Pi) deficiency, resulting in a reduction in growth and yield. PHO2, encoding a ubiquitin-conjugating E2 enzyme, is a central component of the Pi-starvation response signalling pathway. A yeast-two-hybrid screen using Oryza sativa (rice) PHO2 as bait, revealed an interaction between OsPHO2 and OsGIGANTEA, a key regulator of flowering time, which was confirmed using bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC). Characterization of rice Osgi and Ospho2 mutants revealed that they displayed several similar phenotypic features supporting a physiological role for this interaction. Reduced growth, leaf tip necrosis, delayed flowering and over-accumulation of Pi in leaves compared to wild type were shared features of Osgi and Ospho2 plants. Pi analysis of individual leaves demonstrated that Osgi, similar to Ospho2 mutants, were impaired in Pi remobilization from old to young leaves, albeit to a lesser extent. Transcriptome analyses revealed more than 55% of the genes differentially expressed in Osgi plants overlapped with the set of differentially expressed genes in Ospho2 plants. The interaction between OsPHO2 and OsGI links high-level regulators of Pi homeostasis and development in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Yinghui Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - David Secco
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, 6009, WA, Australia
| | - Chuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Reena Narsai
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - James Whelan
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Huixia Shou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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75
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Wang Y, Tong X, Qiu J, Li Z, Zhao J, Hou Y, Tang L, Zhang J. A phosphoproteomic landscape of rice (Oryza sativa) tissues. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2017; 160:458-475. [PMID: 28382632 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation is an important posttranslational modification that regulates various plant developmental processes. Here, we report a comprehensive, quantitative phosphoproteomic profile of six rice tissues, including callus, leaf, root, shoot meristem, young panicle and mature panicle from Nipponbare by employing a mass spectrometry (MS)-based, label-free approach. A total of 7171 unique phosphorylation sites in 4792 phosphopeptides from 2657 phosphoproteins were identified, of which 4613 peptides were differentially phosphorylated (DP) among the tissues. Motif-X analysis revealed eight significantly enriched motifs, such as [sP], [Rxxs] and [tP] from the rice phosphosites. Hierarchical clustering analysis divided the DP peptides into 63 subgroups, which showed divergent spatial-phosphorylation patterns among tissues. These clustered proteins are functionally related to nutrition uptake in roots, photosynthesis in leaves and tissue differentiation in panicles. Phosphorylations were specific in the tissues where the target proteins execute their functions, suggesting that phosphorylation might be a key mechanism to regulate the protein activity in different tissues. This study greatly expands the rice phosphoproteomic dataset, and also offers insight into the regulatory roles of phosphorylation in tissue development and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiehua Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuxuan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liqun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
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76
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Feng H, Li B, Zhi Y, Chen J, Li R, Xia X, Xu G, Fan X. Overexpression of the nitrate transporter, OsNRT2.3b, improves rice phosphorus uptake and translocation. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2017; 36:1287-1296. [PMID: 28502056 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-017-2153-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression of OsNRT2.3b in rice can increase Pi uptake and accumulation through advanced root system, enhanced OsPT and OsPHR genes expression, and the phloem pH homeostasis. Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are two essential macronutrients for plants. Overexpression of the rice nitrate transporter, OsNRT2.3b, can improve rice grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). Here, OsNRT2.3b overexpression resulted in increased grain yield, straw yield, and grain:straw ratio, accompanied by increased P concentrations in the leaf blade, leaf sheath, culm, and unfilled rice hulls. Overexpression of OsNRT2.3b significantly increased 33Pi uptake compared with WT under 300-μM Pi but not 10-μM Pi condition in 24 h. Moreover, the OsNRT2.3b-overexpressing rice lines showed increased root and shoot biomass, root:shoot ratio, total root length root surface area and N, P accumulation under 300- and 10-μM Pi supply in hydroponic solution. The levels of OsPT2, OsPT8, and OsPHR2 expression in roots and of OsPT1 and OsPHR2 in shoots were upregulated in OsNRT2.3b-overexpressing rice. These results indicated that OsNRT2.3b overexpression can improve rice P uptake and accumulation, partially through the advanced root system, enhanced gene expression, and the phloem pH regulation function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Feng
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Marine Biology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yang Zhi
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Marine Biology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingguang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ran Li
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Marine Biology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiudong Xia
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiaorong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Wang F, Deng M, Xu J, Zhu X, Mao C. Molecular mechanisms of phosphate transport and signaling in higher plants. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017. [PMID: 28648582 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient for plant growth and development. To adapt to low inorganic-phosphate (Pi) environments, plants have evolved complex mechanisms and pathways that regulate the acquisition and remobilization of Pi and maintain P homeostasis. These mechanisms are regulated by complex gene regulatory networks through the functions of Pi transporters (PTs) and Pi starvation-induced (PSI) genes. This review summarizes recent progress in determining the molecular regulatory mechanisms of phosphate transporters and the Pi signaling network in the dicot Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and the monocot rice (Oryza sativa L.). Recent advances in this field provide a reference for understanding plant Pi signaling and specific mechanisms that mediate plant adaptation to environments with limited Pi availability. We propose potential biotechnological applications of known genes to develop plant cultivars with improved Pi uptake and use efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Meiju Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Jiming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Xinlu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Chuanzao Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
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78
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Luan M, Tang RJ, Tang Y, Tian W, Hou C, Zhao F, Lan W, Luan S. Transport and homeostasis of potassium and phosphate: limiting factors for sustainable crop production. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:3091-3105. [PMID: 27965362 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Potassium (K) and phosphate (Pi) are both macronutrients essential for plant growth and crop production, but the unrenewable resources of phosphorus rock and potash have become limiting factors for food security. One critical measure to help solve this problem is to improve nutrient use efficiency (NUE) in plants by understanding and engineering genetic networks for ion uptake, translocation, and storage. Plants have evolved multiple systems to adapt to various nutrient conditions for growth and production. Within the NUE networks, transport proteins and their regulators are the primary players for maintaining nutrient homeostasis and could be utilized to engineer high NUE traits in crop plants. A large number of publications have detailed K+ and Pi transport proteins in plants over the past three decades. Meanwhile, the discovery and validation of their regulatory mechanisms are fast-track topics for research. Here, we provide an overview of K+ and Pi transport proteins and their regulatory mechanisms, which participate in the uptake, translocation, storage, and recycling of these nutrients in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingda Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Ren-Jie Tang
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Yumei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Wang Tian
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Congong Hou
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Fugeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Wenzhi Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Sheng Luan
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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Wang D, Lv S, Jiang P, Li Y. Roles, Regulation, and Agricultural Application of Plant Phosphate Transporters. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:817. [PMID: 28572810 PMCID: PMC5435767 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an essential mineral nutrient for plant growth and development. Low availability of inorganic phosphate (orthophosphate; Pi) in soil seriously restricts the crop production, while excessive fertilization has caused environmental pollution. Pi acquisition and homeostasis depend on transport processes controlled Pi transporters, which are grouped into five families so far: PHT1, PHT2, PHT3, PHT4, and PHT5. This review summarizes the current understanding on plant PHT families, including phylogenetic analysis, function, and regulation. The potential application of Pi transporters and the related regulatory factors for developing genetically modified crops with high phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) are also discussed in this review. At last, we provide some potential strategies for developing high PUE crops under salt or drought stress conditions, which can be valuable for improving crop yields challenged by global scarcity of water resources and increasing soil salinization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duoliya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Sulian Lv
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Yinxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
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Expression of four phosphate transporter genes from Finger millet (Eleusine coracana L.) in response to mycorrhizal colonization and Pi stress. 3 Biotech 2017; 7:17. [PMID: 28391483 PMCID: PMC5385181 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-0609-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is a vital nutrient for plant growth and development, and is absorbed in cells with the help of membrane-spanning inorganic phosphate transporter (Pht) protein. Symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) also helps in transporting P from the soil to plant and Pht proteins play an important role in it. To understand this phenomenon in Finger Mille plant, we have cloned four Pht genes from Finger millet, which shares the homology with Pht1 protein family of cereals. Expression pattern analysis during the AM infection indicated that EcPT4 gene was AM specific, and its expression was higher in roots where AM colonization percentage was high. The expression level of EcPT1-4 gene under the phosphorous (Pi) stress in seedlings was found to be consistent with its role in acquisition of phosphorus. Homology study of the EcPt proteins with Pht proteins of cereals shows close relationship. The findings of the study indicate that Pht1 family genes from finger millet can serve to be an important resource for the better understanding of phosphorus use efficiency.
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81
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Kavka M, Polle A. Dissecting nutrient-related co-expression networks in phosphate starved poplars. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171958. [PMID: 28222153 PMCID: PMC5319788 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an essential plant nutrient, but its availability is often limited in soil. Here, we studied changes in the transcriptome and in nutrient element concentrations in leaves and roots of poplars (Populus × canescens) in response to P deficiency. P starvation resulted in decreased concentrations of S and major cations (K, Mg, Ca), in increased concentrations of N, Zn and Al, while C, Fe and Mn were only little affected. In roots and leaves >4,000 and >9,000 genes were differently expressed upon P starvation. These genes clustered in eleven co-expression modules of which seven were correlated with distinct elements in the plant tissues. One module (4.7% of all differentially expressed genes) was strongly correlated with changes in the P concentration in the plant. In this module the GO term "response to P starvation" was enriched with phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase kinases, phosphatases and pyrophosphatases as well as regulatory domains such as SPX, but no phosphate transporters. The P-related module was also enriched in genes of the functional category "galactolipid synthesis". Galactolipids substitute phospholipids in membranes under P limitation. Two modules, one correlated with C and N and the other with biomass, S and Mg, were connected with the P-related module by co-expression. In these modules GO terms indicating "DNA modification" and "cell division" as well as "defense" and "RNA modification" and "signaling" were enriched; they contained phosphate transporters. Bark storage proteins were among the most strongly upregulated genes in the growth-related module suggesting that N, which could not be used for growth, accumulated in typical storage compounds. In conclusion, weighted gene coexpression network analysis revealed a hierarchical structure of gene clusters, which separated phosphate starvation responses correlated with P tissue concentrations from other gene modules, which most likely represented transcriptional adjustments related to down-stream nutritional changes and stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareike Kavka
- Forstbotanik und Baumphysiologie, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Labor für Radio-Isotope, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Polle
- Forstbotanik und Baumphysiologie, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Labor für Radio-Isotope, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Cao Y, Ai H, Jain A, Wu X, Zhang L, Pei W, Chen A, Xu G, Sun S. Identification and expression analysis of OsLPR family revealed the potential roles of OsLPR3 and 5 in maintaining phosphate homeostasis in rice. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 16:210. [PMID: 27716044 PMCID: PMC5048653 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-016-0853-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphorus (P), an essential macronutrient, is often limiting in soils and affects plant growth and development. In Arabidopsis thaliana, Low Phosphate Root1 (LPR1) and its close paralog LPR2 encode multicopper oxidases (MCOs). They regulate meristem responses of root system to phosphate (Pi) deficiency. However, the roles of LPR gene family in rice (Oryza sativa) in maintaining Pi homeostasis have not been elucidated as yet. RESULTS Here, the identification and expression analysis for the homologs of LPR1/2 in rice were carried out. Five homologs, hereafter referred to as OsLPR1-5, were identified in rice, which are distributed on chromosome1 over a range of 65 kb. Phylogenetic analysis grouped OsLPR1/3/4/5 and OsLPR2 into two distinct sub-clades with OsLPR3 and 5 showing close proximity. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed higher expression levels of OsLPR3-5 and OsLPR2 in root and shoot, respectively. Deficiencies of different nutrients ie, P, nitrogen (N), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg) and iron (Fe) exerted differential and partially overlapping effects on the relative expression levels of the members of OsLPR family. Pi deficiency (-P) triggered significant increases in the relative expression levels of OsLPR3 and 5. Strong induction in the relative expression levels of OsLPR3 and 5 in osphr2 suggested their negative transcriptional regulation by OsPHR2. Further, the expression levels of OsLPR3 and 5 were either attenuated in ossiz1 and ospho2 or augmented in rice overexpressing OsSPX1. CONCLUSIONS The results from this study provided insights into the evolutionary expansion and a likely functional divergence of OsLPR family with potential roles of OsLPR3 and 5 in the maintenance of Pi homeostasis in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Hao Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Ajay Jain
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Lal Bahadur Shastri Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Xueneng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Wenxia Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Aiqun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Shubin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
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83
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Zhu XF, Zhu CQ, Zhao XS, Zheng SJ, Shen RF. Ethylene is involved in root phosphorus remobilization in rice (Oryza sativa) by regulating cell-wall pectin and enhancing phosphate translocation to shoots. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2016; 118:645-653. [PMID: 27192711 PMCID: PMC5055617 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcw044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Background and aims Plants are able to grow under phosphorus (P)-deficient conditions by coordinating Pi acquisition, translocation from roots to shoots and remobilization within the plant. Previous reports have demonstrated that cell-wall pectin contributes greatly to rice cell-wall Pi re-utilization under P-deficient conditions, but whether other factors such as ethylene also affect the pectin-remobilizing capacity remains unclear. Methods Two rice cultivars, 'Nipponbare' (Nip) and 'Kasalath' (Kas) were cultured in the +P (complete nutrient solution), -P (withdrawing P from the complete nutrient solution), +P+ACC (1-amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, an ethylene precursor, adding 1 μm ACC to the complete nutrient solution) and -P+ACC (adding 1 μm ACC to -P nutrient solution) nutrient solutions for 7 d. Key Results After 7 d -P treatment, there was clearly more soluble P in Nip root and shoot, accompanied by additional production of ethylene in Nip root compared with Kas. Under P-deficient conditions, addition of ACC significantly increased the cell-wall pectin content and decreased cell-wall retained P, and thus more soluble P was released to the root and translocated to the shoot, which was mediated by the expression of the P deficiency-responsive gene OsPT2, which also strongly induced by ACC treatment under both P-sufficient and P-deficient conditions. Conclusions Ethylene positively regulates pectin content and expression of OsPT2, which ultimately makes more P available by facilitating the solubilization of P fixed in the cell wall and its translocation to the shoot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Fang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China and
| | - Chun Quan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China and
| | - Xu Sheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China and
| | - Shao Jian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ren Fang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China and
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84
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Młodzińska E, Zboińska M. Phosphate Uptake and Allocation - A Closer Look at Arabidopsis thaliana L. and Oryza sativa L. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1198. [PMID: 27574525 PMCID: PMC4983557 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
This year marks the 20th anniversary of the discovery and characterization of the two Arabidopsis PHT1 genes encoding the phosphate transporter in Arabidopsis thaliana. So far, multiple inorganic phosphate (Pi) transporters have been described, and the molecular basis of Pi acquisition by plants has been well-characterized. These genes are involved in Pi acquisition, allocation, and/or signal transduction. This review summarizes how Pi is taken up by the roots and further distributed within two plants: A. thaliana and Oryza sativa L. by plasma membrane phosphate transporters PHT1 and PHO1 as well as by intracellular transporters: PHO1, PHT2, PHT3, PHT4, PHT5 (VPT1), SPX-MFS and phosphate translocators family. We also describe the role of the PHT1 transporters in mycorrhizal roots of rice as an adaptive strategy to cope with limited phosphate availability in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Młodzińska
- Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, University of WrocławWrocław, Poland
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85
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Gu M, Chen A, Sun S, Xu G. Complex Regulation of Plant Phosphate Transporters and the Gap between Molecular Mechanisms and Practical Application: What Is Missing? MOLECULAR PLANT 2016; 9:396-416. [PMID: 26714050 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2015.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
It has been almost 25 years since the first report of the gene encoding a high-affinity phosphate transporter (PT), PHO84, in yeast. Since then, an increasing number of yeast PHO84 homologs as well as other genes encoding proteins with phosphate (Pi) transport activities have been identified and functionally characterized in diverse plant species. Great progress has been made also in deciphering the molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of the abundance and/or activity of these genes and their products. The regulatory genes affect plant Pi homeostasis commonly through direct or indirect regulation of the abundance of PTs at different levels. However, little has been achieved in the use of PTs for developing genetically modified crops with high phosphorus use efficiency (PUE). This might be a consequence of overemphasizing Pi uptake from the rhizosphere and lack of knowledge about the roles of PTs in Pi transport and recycling within the plant that are required to optimize PUE. Here, we mainly focused on the genes encoding proteins with Pi transport activities and the emerging understanding of their regulation at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, translational, and post-translational levels. In addition, we propose potential strategies for effective use of PTs in improving plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Aiqun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shubin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing 210095, China.
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86
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Kumar N, Dubey AK, Jaiswal PK, Sahu N, Behera SK, Tripathi RD, Mallick S. Selenite supplementation reduces arsenate uptake greater than phosphate but compromises the phosphate level and physiological performance in hydroponically grown Oryza sativa L. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2016; 35:163-172. [PMID: 26189439 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluates the reduction of arsenate (As[V]) uptake in rice seedlings through individual and combined supplementation of phosphate (PO4(3-)) and selenite (Se[IV]) in a hydroponic condition. The toxic response in seedlings receiving As(V) manifested as inhibition in physiological parameters such as water use efficiency, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic assimilation rate, transpiration rate, photochemical quenching, and electron transport rate, along with growth. Arsenic accumulation significantly decreased with Se(IV) treatment (0.5 μg mL(-1), 1 μg mL(-1), and 2 μg mL(-1)) in a dose-dependent manner (20%, 35%, and 53%, respectively); however, it compromised the PO4(3-) level and physiological performance. The lower level of Se(IV), (0.5 μg mL(-1)), was relatively beneficial in terms of reduction in As accumulation than the higher level of Se(IV), (2 μg mL(-1)), which was rather toxic. Further, decrease in As uptake, replenished the level of PO4(3-) and physiological performance in seedlings treated with As+Se+P compared with those treated with As+Se. However, supplementation with only PO4(3-) (10 μg mL(-1) and 20 μg mL(-1)) along with As(V) was less effective in reducing As accumulation compared with As+Se. Seedlings receiving As+Se+P also exhibited lower thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and electrical conductivity levels compared with both As+Se and As+P. Among all the treatments, the activity of antioxidant enzymes was highest in plants treated with As+Se+P. Hence, the higher antioxidant enzyme activity in As+Se+P along with lower levels of TBARS, H2 O2 , and As accumulation are attributed to the competitive reduction in As uptake in the presence of Se(IV) and PO4(3-).
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Affiliation(s)
- Navin Kumar
- Plant Ecology and Environmental Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Arvind Kumar Dubey
- Plant Ecology and Environmental Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Praveen Kumar Jaiswal
- Plant Ecology and Environmental Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Nayan Sahu
- Plant Ecology and Environmental Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Soumit Kumar Behera
- Plant Ecology and Environmental Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Rudra Deo Tripathi
- Plant Ecology and Environmental Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Shekhar Mallick
- Plant Ecology and Environmental Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
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87
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Zhang C, Meng S, Li M, Zhao Z. Genomic Identification and Expression Analysis of the Phosphate Transporter Gene Family in Poplar. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1398. [PMID: 27695473 PMCID: PMC5025438 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic phosphate is one of key macronutrients essential for plant growth. The acquisition and distribution of phosphate are mediated by phosphate transporters functioning in various physiological and biochemical processes. In the present study, we comprehensively evaluated the phosphate transporter (PHT) gene family in the latest release of the Populus trichocarpa genome (version 3.0; Phytozome 11.0) and a total of 42 PHT genes were identified which formed five clusters: PHT1, PHT2, PHT3, PHT4, and PHO. Among the 42 PHT genes, 41 were localized to 15 Populus chromosomes. Analysis of these genes led to identification of 5-14 transmembrane segments, most of which were conserved within the same cluster. We identified 234 putative cis elements in the 2-kb upstream regions of the 42 PHT genes, many of which are related to development, stress, or hormone. Tissue-specific expression analysis of the 42 PtPHT genes revealed that 25 were highly expressed in the roots of P. tremula, suggesting that most of them might be involved in Pi uptake. Some PtPHT genes were highly expressed in more than six of the twelve investigated tissues of P. tremula, while the expression of a few of them was very low in all investigated tissues. In addition, the expression of the PtPHT genes was verified by quantitative real-time PCR in four tissues of P. simonii. Transcripts of 7 PtPHT genes were detected in all four tested tissues of P. simonii. Most PtPHT genes were expressed in the roots of P. simonii at high levels. Further, PtPHT1.2 and PtPHO9 expression was increased under drought conditions, irrespective of the phosphate levels. In particular, PtPHT1.2 expression was significantly induced by approximately 90-fold. However, the transcriptional changes of some PtPHT genes under drought stress were highly dependent on the phosphate levels. These results will aid in elucidation of the functions of PtPHT in the growth, development, and stress response of the poplar plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia Zhang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
- *Correspondence: Chunxia Zhang
| | - Sen Meng
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
| | - Mingjun Li
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
| | - Zhong Zhao
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
- Zhong Zhao
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Wang H, Sun R, Cao Y, Pei W, Sun Y, Zhou H, Wu X, Zhang F, Luo L, Shen Q, Xu G, Sun S. OsSIZ1, a SUMO E3 Ligase Gene, is Involved in the Regulation of the Responses to Phosphate and Nitrogen in Rice. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 56:2381-95. [PMID: 26615033 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcv162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
SIZ1-mediated SUMOylation regulates hormone signaling as well as abiotic and biotic stress responses in plants. Here, we investigated the expression profile of OsSIZ1 in rice using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) and pOsSIZ1-GUS transgenic plants, and the function of OsSIZ1 in the responses to phosphate and nitrogen using a reverse genetics approach. OsSIZ1 is constitutively expressed throughout the vegetative and reproductive growth of rice, with stronger promoter activities in vascular bundles of culms. ossiz1 mutants had shorter primary roots and adventitious roots than wild-type plants, suggesting that OsSIZ1 is associated with the regulation of root system architecture. Total phosphorus (P) and phosphate (Pi) concentrations in both roots and shoots of ossiz1 mutants were significantly increased irrespective of Pi supply conditions compared with the wild type. Pi concentration in the xylem sap of ossiz1 mutants was significantly higher than that of the wild type under a Pi-sufficient growth regime. Total nitrogen (N) concentrations in the most detected tissues of ossiz1 mutants were significantly increased compared with the wild type. Analysis of mineral contents in ossiz1 mutants indicated that OsSIZ1 functions specifically in Pi and N responses, not those of other nutrients examined, in rice. Further, qRT-PCR analyses revealed that the expression of multiple genes involved in Pi starvation signaling and N transport and assimilation were altered in ossiz1 mutants. Together, these results suggested that OsSIZ1 may act as a regulator of the Pi (N)-dependent responses in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huadun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, China Present address: Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, China
| | - Yue Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, China
| | - Wenxia Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, China
| | - Yafei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, China
| | - Hongmin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, China
| | - Xueneng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, China
| | - Le Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, China
| | - Qirong Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, China
| | - Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, China
| | - Shubin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, China
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Ye Y, Yuan J, Chang X, Yang M, Zhang L, Lu K, Lian X. The Phosphate Transporter Gene OsPht1;4 Is Involved in Phosphate Homeostasis in Rice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126186. [PMID: 25970642 PMCID: PMC4430236 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 13 phosphate transporters in rice (Oryza sative) have been identified as belonging to the Pht1 family, which mediates inorganic phosphate (Pi) uptake and transport. We report the biological property and physiological role of OsPht1;4 (OsPT4). Overexpressing OsPT4 resulted in significant higher Pi accumulation in roots, straw and brown rice, and suppression of OsPT4 caused decreased Pi concentration in straw and brown rice. Expression of the β-glucuronidase reporter gene driven by the OsPT4 promoter showed that OsPT4 is expressed in roots, leaves, ligules, stamens, and caryopses under sufficient Pi conditions, consistent with the expression profile showing that OsPT4 has high expression in roots and flag leaves. The transcript level of OsPT4 increased significantly both in shoots and roots with a long time Pi starvation. OsPT4 encoded a plasma membrane-localized protein and was able to complement the function of the Pi transporter gene PHO84 in yeast. We concluded that OsPT4 is a functional Pi-influx transporter involved in Pi absorption in rice that might play a role in Pi translocation. This study will enrich our understanding about the physiological function of rice Pht1 family genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ye
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Jing Yuan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojian Chang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Meng Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Lejing Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Kai Lu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Xingming Lian
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
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90
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Zhang F, Sun Y, Pei W, Jain A, Sun R, Cao Y, Wu X, Jiang T, Zhang L, Fan X, Chen A, Shen Q, Xu G, Sun S. Involvement of OsPht1;4 in phosphate acquisition and mobilization facilitates embryo development in rice. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 82:556-69. [PMID: 25702710 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2014] [Revised: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Phosphate (Pi) transporters mediate acquisition and transportation of Pi within plants. Here, we investigated the functions of OsPht1;4 (OsPT4), one of the 13 members of the Pht1 family in rice. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis revealed strong expression of OsPT4 in roots and embryos, and OsPT4 promoter analysis using reporter genes confirmed these findings. Analysis using rice protoplasts showed that OsPT4 localized to the plasma membrane. OsPT4 complemented a yeast mutant defective in Pi uptake, and also facilitated increased accumulation of Pi in Xenopus oocytes. Further, OsPT4 genetically modified (GM) rice lines were generated by knockout/knockdown or over-expression of OsPT4. Pi concentrations in roots and shoots were significantly lower and higher in knockout/knockdown and over-expressing plants, respectively, compared to wild-type under various Pi regimes. (33) Pi uptake translocation assays corroborated the altered acquisition and mobilization of Pi in OsPT4 GM plants. We also observed effects of altered expression levels of OsPT4 in GM plants on the concentration of Pi, the size of the embryo, and several attributes related to seed development. Overall, our results suggest that OsPT4 encodes a plasma membrane-localized Pi transporter that facilitates acquisition and mobilization of Pi, and also plays an important role in development of the embryo in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yafei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wenxia Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ajay Jain
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Lal Bahadur Shastri Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Rui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yue Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xueneng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Tingting Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiaorong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Aiqun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Qirong Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shubin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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91
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Deng M, Hu B, Xu L, Liu Y, Wang F, Zhao H, Wei X, Wang J, Yi K. OsCYCP1;1, a PHO80 homologous protein, negatively regulates phosphate starvation signaling in the roots of rice (Oryza sativa L.). PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; 86:655-69. [PMID: 25315105 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-014-0254-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus is one of the most essential and limiting nutrients in all living organisms, thus the organisms have evolved complicated and precise regulatory mechanisms for phosphorus acquisition, storage and homeostasis. In the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the modification of PHO4 by the PHO80 and PHO85 complex is a core regulation system. However, the existence and possible functions in phosphate signaling of the homologs of the PHO80 and PHO85 components in plants has yet to be determined. Here we describe the identification of a family of seven PHO80 homologous genes in rice named OsCYCPs. Among these, the OsCYCP1;1 gene was able to partially rescue the pho80 mutant strain of yeast. The OsCYCP1;1 protein was predominantly localized in the nucleus, and was ubiquitously expressed throughout the whole plant and during the entire growth period of rice. Consistent with the negative role of PHO80 in phosphate signaling in yeast, OsCYCP1;1 expression was reduced by phosphate starvation in the roots. This reduction was dependent on PHR2, the central regulator of phosphate signaling in rice. Overexpression and suppression of the expression of OsCYCP1;1 influenced the phosphate starvation signaling response. The inducible expression of phosphate starvation inducible and phosphate transporter genes was suppressed in the OsCYCP1;1 overexpression lines and was relatively enhanced in the OsCYCP1;1 RNAi plants by phosphate starvation. Together, these results demonstrate the role of PHO80 homologs in the phosphate starvation signaling pathway in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjuan Deng
- Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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Liang C, Wang J, Zhao J, Tian J, Liao H. Control of phosphate homeostasis through gene regulation in crops. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 21:59-66. [PMID: 25036899 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2014.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2014] [Revised: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an essential yet frequently deficient element in plants. Maintenance of phosphate (Pi) homeostasis is crucial for crop production. In comparison with the model plant Arabidopsis, crops face wider ranges and larger fluctuations in P supply from the soil environment, and thus develop more complicated strategies to improve Pi acquisition and utilization efficiency. Undergirding these strategies, there are numerous genes involved in alternative metabolism pathways that are regulated by complex Pi signaling networks. In this review, we intend to summarize the recent advances in crops on control of Pi homeostasis through gene regulation from Pi acquisition and mobilization within plants, as well as activation of rhizosphere P and P uptake through symbiotic associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiyue Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Root Biology Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Jinxiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Root Biology Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Root Biology Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Jiang Tian
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Root Biology Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Hong Liao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Root Biology Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
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