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Zhong A, Qin R, Qin W, Han J, Gu Y, Zhou L, Zhang H, Ren S, Lu R, Guo L, Gu J. Diagnostic Significance of Serum IgG Galactosylation in CA19-9-Negative Pancreatic Carcinoma Patients. Front Oncol 2019; 9:114. [PMID: 30873386 PMCID: PMC6402387 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Although Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) is considered clinically useful and informative for pancreatic carcinoma (PC), false positive results, and false negative results have restricted its clinical use. Especially missed or delayed diagnosis of PC patients with negative CA19-9 value limited the utility. To improve prognosis of PC patients, the discovery of reliable biomarkers to assist CA19-9 is desired. Serum IgG galactosylation based on our previous report was altered in PC patients comparing to healthy controls. The objective of this study was to explore the diagnostic significance of IgG galactosylation in assisting CA19-9 for PC in a comprehensive way. Methods: Serum IgG galactosylation profiles were analyzed by MALDI-MS in cohort 1 (n = 252) and cohort 2 in which all CA19-9 levels were negative (n = 133). In each cohort, not only healthy controls and PC patients but also benign pancreatic disease (BPD) patients were enrolled. Peaks were acquired by the software of MALDI-MS sample acquisition, followed by being processed and analyzed by the software of Progenesis MALDI. IgG Gal-ratio, which was calculated from the relative intensity of peaks G0, G1, and G2 according to the formula (G0/(G1+G2×2)), was employed as an index for indicating the distribution of IgG galactosylation. Results: The Gal-ratio was elevated in PC comparing with that in non-cancer group (healthy controls and BPD). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of IgG Gal-ratio was higher than that of CA19-9 (0.912 vs. 0.814). The performance was further improved when Gal-ratio and CA19-9 were combined (AUC: 0.928). Meanwhile, Gal-ratio also had great diagnostic value with a sensitivity of 92.31% (AUC: 0.883) in detection of PC at early stage. Notably, IgG Gal-ratio has great sensitivity (90.63%) and specificity (76.81%) in CA19-9-negative PC patients. Conclusions: IgG Gal-ratio had a great performance in detection of PC and could be used to assist CA19-9 in improving diagnosis performance through early stage detection, differentiation from BPD, and PC diagnosis with CA19-9-negative level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailing Zhong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruihuan Qin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjun Qin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Han
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Gu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongqin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shifang Ren
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Renquan Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianxin Gu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Mao Y, Zhang Y, Fan S, Chen L, Tang L, Chen X, Lyu J. GALNT6 Promotes Tumorigenicity and Metastasis of Breast Cancer Cell via β-catenin/MUC1-C Signaling Pathway. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:169-182. [PMID: 30662357 PMCID: PMC6329923 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.29048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyl transferase-6 (GALNT6), a member of the N-acetyl-D-galactosamine transferase family, was shown to be over-expression in mammary cancer and could be used as a biomarker. However, its roles and underlying mechanisms in the pathogenesis of breast cancer are still unclear. In this study, we reported that GALNT6 was up-expression in breast cancer, and it was not associated with tumor stage. The expression level of GALNT6 and menopause status was associated with patient survival. Biological function results illustrated that knockdown of GALNT6 inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells, and increased cell apoptosis. Knockdown of GALNT6 in breast cancer cell attenuated the protein expression of PCNA, cyclin D1, C-myc and β-catenin, and increased the expression of E-cadherin, caspase 3 and cleaved PARP1. Cell fractionation assay showed that knockdown of GALNT6 reduced the levels of β-catenin and MUC1-C in nucleus. Simultaneously knockdown of GALNT6 and β-catenin significantly reduced the level of C-myc. Co-IP experiments indicated that GALNT6 interacted with MUC1-N, β-catenin interacting with MUC1-C in breast cancer cells. Together, our study reveals that GALNT6 promotes tumorigenicity and metastasis through β-catenin/MUC1-C signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingge Mao
- Institute of Glycobiological Engineering, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Present address: The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- Institute of Glycobiological Engineering, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sairong Fan
- Institute of Glycobiological Engineering, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lvao Chen
- Institute of Glycobiological Engineering, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lili Tang
- Institute of Glycobiological Engineering, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- Institute of Glycobiological Engineering, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianxin Lyu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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53
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Steentoft C, Migliorini D, King TR, Mandel U, June CH, Posey AD. Glycan-directed CAR-T cells. Glycobiology 2018; 28:656-669. [PMID: 29370379 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwy008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is rapidly advancing in the treatment of a variety of hematopoietic cancers, including pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia and diffuse large B cell lymphoma, with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells. CARs are genetically encoded artificial T cell receptors that combine the antigen specificity of an antibody with the machinery of T cell activation. However, implementation of CAR technology in the treatment of solid tumors has been progressing much slower. Solid tumors are characterized by a number of challenges that need to be overcome, including cellular heterogeneity, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), and, in particular, few known cancer-specific targets. Post-translational modifications that differentially occur in malignant cells generate valid cell surface, cancer-specific targets for CAR-T cells. We previously demonstrated that CAR-T cells targeting an aberrant O-glycosylation of MUC1, a common cancer marker associated with changes in cell adhesion, tumor growth and poor prognosis, could control malignant growth in mouse models. Here, we discuss the field of glycan-directed CAR-T cells and review the different classes of antibodies specific for glycan-targeting, including the generation of high affinity O-glycopeptide antibodies. Finally, we discuss historic and recently investigated glycan targets for CAR-T cells and provide our perspective on how targeting the tumor glycoproteome and/or glycome will improve CAR-T immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Steentoft
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Denis Migliorini
- Center of Cellular Immunotherapies, Abramson Cancer Center and the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tiffany R King
- Center of Cellular Immunotherapies, Abramson Cancer Center and the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ulla Mandel
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carl H June
- Center of Cellular Immunotherapies, Abramson Cancer Center and the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Avery D Posey
- Center of Cellular Immunotherapies, Abramson Cancer Center and the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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54
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Chugh S, Barkeer S, Rachagani S, Nimmakayala RK, Perumal N, Pothuraju R, Atri P, Mahapatra S, Thapa I, Talmon GA, Smith LM, Yu X, Neelamegham S, Fu J, Xia L, Ponnusamy MP, Batra SK. Disruption of C1galt1 Gene Promotes Development and Metastasis of Pancreatic Adenocarcinomas in Mice. Gastroenterology 2018; 155:1608-1624. [PMID: 30086262 PMCID: PMC6219903 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs) produce higher levels of truncated O-glycan structures (such as Tn and sTn) than normal pancreata. Dysregulated activity of core 1 synthase glycoprotein-N-acetylgalactosamine 3-β-galactosyltransferase 1 (C1GALT1) leads to increased expression of these truncated O-glycans. We investigated whether and how truncated O-glycans contributes to the development and progression of PDAC using mice with disruption of C1galt1. METHODS We crossed C1galt1 floxed mice (C1galt1loxP/loxP) with KrasG12D/+; Trp53R172H/+; Pdx1-Cre (KPC) mice to create KPCC mice. Growth and progression of pancreatic tumors were compared between KPC and KPCC mice; pancreatic tissues were collected and analyzed by immunohistochemistry; immunofluorescence; and Sirius red, alcian blue, and lectin staining. We used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to disrupt C1GALT1 in human PDAC cells (T3M4 and CD18/HPAF) and levels of O-glycans were analyzed by lectin blotting, mass spectrometry, and lectin pulldown assay. Orthotopic studies and RNA sequencing analyses were performed with control and C1GALT1 knockout PDAC cells. C1GALT1 expression was analyzed in well-differentiated (n = 36) and poorly differentiated (n = 23) PDAC samples by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS KPCC mice had significantly shorter survival times (median 102 days) than KPC mice (median 200 days) and developed early pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias at 3 weeks, PDAC at 5 weeks, and metastasis at 10 weeks compared with KPC mice. Pancreatic tumors that developed in KPCC mice were more aggressive (more invasive and metastases) than those in KPC mice, had a decreased amount of stroma, and had increased production of Tn. Poorly differentiated PDAC specimens had significantly lower levels of C1GALT1 than well-differentiated PDACs. Human PDAC cells with knockout of C1GALT1 had aberrant glycosylation of MUC16 compared with control cells and increased expression of genes that regulate tumorigenesis and metastasis. CONCLUSIONS In studies of KPC mice with disruption of C1galt1, we found that loss of C1galt1 promotes development of aggressive PDACs and increased metastasis. Knockout of C1galt1 leads to increased tumorigenicity and truncation of O-glycosylation on MUC16, which could contribute to increased aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Chugh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Srikanth Barkeer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Satyanarayana Rachagani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Rama Krishna Nimmakayala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Naveenkumar Perumal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Ramesh Pothuraju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Pranita Atri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Sidharth Mahapatra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Ishwor Thapa
- School of Interdisciplinary Informatics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Geoffrey A. Talmon
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5900, USA
| | - Lynette M Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4375, USA
| | - Xinheng Yu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Clinical and Translational Research Center, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Sriram Neelamegham
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Clinical and Translational Research Center, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Jianxin Fu
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Lijun Xia
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Moorthy P. Ponnusamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA,Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5950, USA,Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA,Address Correspondence to: Surinder K. Batra, Ph.D., and Moorthy P. Ponnusamy, Ph.D., Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, 68198-5870, U.S.A. Phone: 402-559-5455, Fax: 402-559-6650, and
| | - Surinder K. Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA,Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5950, USA,Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA,Address Correspondence to: Surinder K. Batra, Ph.D., and Moorthy P. Ponnusamy, Ph.D., Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, 68198-5870, U.S.A. Phone: 402-559-5455, Fax: 402-559-6650, and
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55
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Hu J, Sun J. MUC16 mutations improve patients' prognosis by enhancing the infiltration and antitumor immunity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the endometrial cancer microenvironment. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1487914. [PMID: 30288353 PMCID: PMC6169595 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1487914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence and mortality rates of endometrial cancer are increasing during recent years. CA125 (gene symbol MUC16) is a well-known diagnostic and prognostic serum marker of endometrial cancer. High serum CA125 level is associated with poor prognosis. MUC16 is one of the most frequently mutated genes in endometrial cancer. However, the potential relationship and underlying mechanism between MUC16 mutations and endometrial cancer patients' prognosis and disease progression remain unclear. In present study, we analyzed the whole exome sequencing data, RNA sequencing data and patients' clinical information in TCGA database and demonstrated that MUC16 mutational status was an independent prognostic factor for endometrial cancer patients. Patients with somatic MUC16 mutations had a prolonged overall survival time. MUC16 mutations promoted patients' antitumor immune responses. Cytotoxic immune cells mediated pathways were enriched in endometrial cancer samples with MUC16 mutations. Elevation of two pathways, NO2-dependent IL 12 pathway in NK cells and T cytotoxic cell surface molecules, significantly correlated with a higher rate of MUC16 mutations and a significantly favorable patients' prognosis. An increased level of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, not NK cells, infiltration was observed in the tumor microenvironment of patients with MUC16 mutations. High expression of molecular markers of T cells and CD8+ T cells associated with a higher rate of MUC16 mutations and a better patients' prognosis. These findings may provide deeper insight into potential endometrial cancer immunotherapy approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hu
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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56
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Wen L, Edmunds G, Gibbons C, Zhang J, Gadi MR, Zhu H, Fang J, Liu X, Kong Y, Wang PG. Toward Automated Enzymatic Synthesis of Oligosaccharides. Chem Rev 2018; 118:8151-8187. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liuqing Wen
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Garrett Edmunds
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Christopher Gibbons
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Jiabin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Madhusudhan Reddy Gadi
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Hailiang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Junqiang Fang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xianwei Liu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yun Kong
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Peng George Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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57
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Nishihara S. Glycans in stem cell regulation: from
Drosophila
tissue stem cells to mammalian pluripotent stem cells. FEBS Lett 2018; 592:3773-3790. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Nishihara
- Laboratory of Cell Biology Department of Bioinformatics Graduate School of Engineering Soka University Hachioji Japan
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58
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Ranganath SH. Bioengineered cellular and cell membrane-derived vehicles for actively targeted drug delivery: So near and yet so far. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 132:57-80. [PMID: 29935987 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cellular carriers for drug delivery are attractive alternatives to synthetic nanoparticles owing to their innate homing/targeting abilities. Here, we review molecular interactions involved in the homing of Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and other cell types to understand the process of designing and engineering highly efficient, actively targeting cellular vehicles. In addition, we comprehensively discuss various genetic and non-genetic strategies and propose futuristic approaches of engineering MSC homing using micro/nanotechnology and high throughput small molecule screening. Most of the targeting abilities of a cell come from its plasma membrane, thus, efforts to harness cell membranes as drug delivery vehicles are gaining importance and are highlighted here. We also recognize and report the lack of detailed characterization of cell membranes in terms of safety, structural integrity, targeting functionality, and drug transport. Finally, we provide insights on future development of bioengineered cellular and cell membrane-derived vesicles for successful clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir H Ranganath
- Bio-INvENT Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, B.H. Road, Tumakuru, 572103, Karnataka, India.
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59
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Sletmoen M, Gerken TA, Stokke BT, Burchell J, Brewer CF. Tn and STn are members of a family of carbohydrate tumor antigens that possess carbohydrate-carbohydrate interactions. Glycobiology 2018; 28:437-442. [PMID: 29618060 PMCID: PMC6001880 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwy032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The mucin-type O-glycome in cancer aberrantly expresses the truncated glycans Tn (GalNAcα1-Ser/Thr) and STn (Neu5Acα2,6GalNAcα1-Ser/Thr). However, the role of Tn and STn in cancer and other diseases is not well understood. Our recent discovery of the self-binding properties (carbohydrate-carbohydrate interactions, CCIs) of Tn (Tn-Tn) and STn (STn-STn) provides a model for their possible roles in cellular transformation. We also review evidence that Tn and STn are members of a larger family of glycan tumor antigens that possess CCIs, which may participate in oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marit Sletmoen
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU The Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Thomas A Gerken
- Departments of Pediatrics and Biochemistry, W. A. Bernbaum Center for Cystic Fibrosis Research, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Bjørn T Stokke
- Biophysics and Medical Technology, Department of Physics, NTNU The Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Joy Burchell
- Breast Cancer Biology, King’s College London, Guy’s Hospital, London, UK
| | - C Fred Brewer
- Departments of Molecular Pharmacology, and Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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60
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Llop E, Guerrero PE, Duran A, Barrabés S, Massaguer A, Ferri MJ, Albiol-Quer M, de Llorens R, Peracaula R. Glycoprotein biomarkers for the detection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:2537-2554. [PMID: 29962812 PMCID: PMC6021768 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i24.2537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PaC) shows a clear tendency to increase in the next years and therefore represents an important health and social challenge. Currently, there is an important need to find biomarkers for PaC early detection because the existing ones are not useful for that purpose. Recent studies have indicated that there is a large window of time for PaC early detection, which opens the possibility to find early biomarkers that could greatly improve the dismal prognosis of this tumor. The present manuscript reviews the state of the art of the existing PaC biomarkers. It focuses on the anomalous glycosylation process and its role in PaC. Glycan structures of glycoconjugates such as glycoproteins are modified in tumors and these modifications can be detected in biological fluids of the cancer patients. Several studies have found serum glycoproteins with altered glycan chains in PaC patients, but they have not shown enough specificity for PaC. To find more specific cancer glycoproteins we propose to analyze the glycan moieties of a battery of glycoproteins that have been reported to increase in PaC tissues and that can also be found in serum. The combination of these new candidate glycoproteins with their aberrant glycosylation together with the existing biomarkers could result in a panel, which would expect to give better results as a new tool for early diagnosis of PaC and to monitor the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Llop
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, University of Girona, Girona 17003, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Girona (IdIBGi). Parc Hospitalari Martí i Julià-Edifici M2, Salt 17190, Spain
| | - Pedro E Guerrero
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, University of Girona, Girona 17003, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Girona (IdIBGi). Parc Hospitalari Martí i Julià-Edifici M2, Salt 17190, Spain
| | - Adrià Duran
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, University of Girona, Girona 17003, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Girona (IdIBGi). Parc Hospitalari Martí i Julià-Edifici M2, Salt 17190, Spain
| | - Sílvia Barrabés
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, University of Girona, Girona 17003, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Girona (IdIBGi). Parc Hospitalari Martí i Julià-Edifici M2, Salt 17190, Spain
| | - Anna Massaguer
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, University of Girona, Girona 17003, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Girona (IdIBGi). Parc Hospitalari Martí i Julià-Edifici M2, Salt 17190, Spain
| | - María José Ferri
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, University of Girona, Girona 17003, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Girona (IdIBGi). Parc Hospitalari Martí i Julià-Edifici M2, Salt 17190, Spain
- Clinic Laboratory, University Hospital Dr Josep Trueta, Girona 17007, Spain
| | - Maite Albiol-Quer
- Department of Surgery, Hepato-biliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, University Hospital Dr Josep Trueta, Girona 17007, Spain
| | - Rafael de Llorens
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, University of Girona, Girona 17003, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Girona (IdIBGi). Parc Hospitalari Martí i Julià-Edifici M2, Salt 17190, Spain
| | - Rosa Peracaula
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, University of Girona, Girona 17003, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Girona (IdIBGi). Parc Hospitalari Martí i Julià-Edifici M2, Salt 17190, Spain
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Yang S, Chatterjee S, Cipollo J. The Glycoproteomics-MS for Studying Glycosylation in Cardiac Hypertrophy and Heart Failure. Proteomics Clin Appl 2018; 12:e1700075. [PMID: 29424483 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201700075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
With recent advancements of analytical techniques and mass spectrometric instrumentations, proteomics has been widely exploited to study the regulation of protein expression associated with disease states. Many proteins may undergo abnormal change in response to the stimulants, leading to regulation of posttranslationally modified proteins. In this review, the physiological and pathological roles of protein glycosylation in cardiac hypertrophy is discussed, and how the signal pathways regulate heart function and leading to heart failure. The analytical methods for analysis of protein glycosylation, including glycans, glycosite, occupancy, and heterogeneity is emphasized. The rationale on glycoproteins as disease biomarkers is also discussed. The authors also propose potential research in this field and challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Yang
- Laboratory of Bacterial Polysaccharides, Division of Bacterial, Parasitic and Allergenic Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Subroto Chatterjee
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John Cipollo
- Laboratory of Bacterial Polysaccharides, Division of Bacterial, Parasitic and Allergenic Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
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63
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Pearce OMT. Cancer glycan epitopes: biosynthesis, structure and function. Glycobiology 2018; 28:670-696. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwy023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver M T Pearce
- Centre for Cancer & Inflammation, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
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64
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Balmaña M, Duran A, Gomes C, Llop E, López-Martos R, Ortiz MR, Barrabés S, Reis CA, Peracaula R. Analysis of sialyl-Lewis x on MUC5AC and MUC1 mucins in pancreatic cancer tissues. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 112:33-45. [PMID: 29408556 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.01.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) lacks efficient biomarkers. Mucins are glycoproteins that can carry aberrant glycosylation in cancer. Our objective was to identify cancer-related glycan epitopes on MUC1 and MUC5AC mucins in PDAC as potential biomarkers. We have analysed the tumour-associated carbohydrate antigens sialyl-Lewis x (SLex) and sialyl-Tn (STn) on MUC1 and MUC5AC in PDAC tissues. The selected cohort for this study consisted of twenty-one PDAC tissues positive for SLex antigen and three normal pancreas specimens as controls. STn expression was shown in 76% of the PDAC tissues. MUC1 and MUC5AC were detected in 90% of PDAC tissues. We performed in situ proximity ligation assay combining antibodies against mucins and glycan epitopes to identify specific mucin glycoforms. MUC1-SLex and MUC5AC-SLex were found in 68% and 84% respectively, of the mucin expressing PDAC tissues, while STn hardly colocalized with any of the evaluated mucins. Further analysis by Western blot of MUC5AC and SLex in eight PDAC tissue lysates showed that six out of eight cases were positive for both markers. Moreover, immunoprecipitation of MUC5AC from positive PDAC tissues and subsequent SLex immunodetection confirmed the presence of SLex on MUC5AC. Altogether, MUC5AC-SLex glycoform is present in PDAC and can be regarded as potential biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meritxell Balmaña
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain; Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, I3S, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of University of Porto, Ipatimup, Porto, Portugal
| | - Adrià Duran
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Catarina Gomes
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, I3S, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of University of Porto, Ipatimup, Porto, Portugal
| | - Esther Llop
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Raquel López-Martos
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Dr. Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain
| | - M Rosa Ortiz
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Dr. Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain
| | - Sílvia Barrabés
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Celso A Reis
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, I3S, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of University of Porto, Ipatimup, Porto, Portugal; Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar - ICBAS, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Rosa Peracaula
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain.
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Morgado M, Sutton MN, Simmons M, Warren CR, Lu Z, Constantinou PE, Liu J, Francis LLW, Conlan RS, Bast RC, Carson DD. Tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ stimulate MUC16 (CA125) expression in breast, endometrial and ovarian cancers through NFκB. Oncotarget 2018; 7:14871-84. [PMID: 26918940 PMCID: PMC4924758 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmembrane mucins (TMs) are restricted to the apical surface of normal epithelia. In cancer, TMs not only are over-expressed, but also lose polarized distribution. MUC16/CA125 is a high molecular weight TM carrying the CA125 epitope, a well-known molecular marker for human cancers. MUC16 mRNA and protein expression was mildly stimulated by low concentrations of TNFα (2.5 ng/ml) or IFNγ (20 IU/ml) when used alone; however, combined treatment with both cytokines resulted in a moderate (3-fold or less) to large (> 10-fold) stimulation of MUC16 mRNA and protein expression in a variety of cancer cell types indicating that this may be a general response. Human cancer tissue microarray analysis indicated that MUC16 expression directly correlates with TNFα and IFNγ staining intensities in certain cancers. We show that NFκB is an important mediator of cytokine stimulation of MUC16 since siRNA-mediated knockdown of NFκB/p65 greatly reduced cytokine responsiveness. Finally, we demonstrate that the 250 bp proximal promoter region of MUC16 contains an NFκB binding site that accounts for a large portion of the TNFα response. Developing methods to manipulate MUC16 expression could provide new approaches to treating cancers whose growth or metastasis is characterized by elevated levels of TMs, including MUC16.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela Morgado
- Department of BioSciences, Wiess School of Natural Sciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251, USA
| | - Margie N Sutton
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mary Simmons
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Curtis R Warren
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Zhen Lu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Pamela E Constantinou
- Department of BioSciences, Wiess School of Natural Sciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251, USA
| | - Jinsong Liu
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lewis L W Francis
- Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, Wales, UK
| | - R Steven Conlan
- Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, Wales, UK
| | - Robert C Bast
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Daniel D Carson
- Department of BioSciences, Wiess School of Natural Sciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251, USA.,Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, TX 77030, USA
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66
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Can we better predict the biologic behavior of incidental IPMN? A comprehensive analysis of molecular diagnostics and biomarkers in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2017; 403:151-194. [DOI: 10.1007/s00423-017-1644-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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67
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The Synthesis and Biological Characterization of Acetal-Free Mimics of the Tumor-Associated Carbohydrate Antigens. Adv Carbohydr Chem Biochem 2017; 74:137-237. [PMID: 29173726 DOI: 10.1016/bs.accb.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Carcinomas express unique carbohydrates, known as tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs), on their surface. These are potential targets for anticancer vaccines; however, to date, no such vaccine has reached the clinic. One factor that may complicate the success of this effort is the lability of the glycosidic bond. Acetal-free carbohydrates are analogues that lack the glycosidic linkage by replacing either the endo or exo oxygen with a methylene. This chapter summarizes the seminal syntheses of the mucin TACAs, provides an overview of common techniques for the synthesis of carbasugars and C-glycosides, reviews the syntheses published to date of acetal-free TACA analogues, and provides an overview of their observed biological activity. We conclude by offering a summation of the challenges remaining to the field biologically and the potential that acetal-free TACAs have of answering several basic questions in carbohydrate immunology.
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68
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Toll like receptors TLR1/2, TLR6 and MUC5B as binding interaction partners with cytostatic proline rich polypeptide 1 in human chondrosarcoma. Int J Oncol 2017; 52:139-154. [PMID: 29138803 PMCID: PMC5743405 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic chondrosarcoma is a bone malignancy not responsive to conventional therapies; new approaches and therapies are urgently needed. We have previously reported that mTORC1 inhibitor, antitumorigenic cytostatic proline rich polypeptide 1 (PRP-1), galarmin caused a significant upregulation of tumor suppressors including TET1/2 and SOCS3 (known to be involved in inflammatory processes), downregulation of oncoproteins and embryonic stem cell marker miR-302C and its targets Nanog, c-Myc and Bmi-1 in human chondrosarcoma. To understand better the mechanism of PRP-1 action it was very important to identify the receptor it binds to. Nuclear pathway receptor and GPCR assays indicated that PRP-1 receptors are not G protein coupled, neither do they belong to family of nuclear or orphan receptors. In the present study, we have demonstrated that PRP-1 binding interacting partners belong to innate immunity pattern recognition toll like receptors TLR1/2 and TLR6 and gel forming secreted mucin MUC5B. MUC5B was identified as PRP-1 receptor in human chondrosarcoma JJ012 cell line using Ligand-receptor capture technology. Toll like receptors TLR1/2 and TLR6 were identified as binding interaction partners with PRP-1 by western blot analysis in human chondrosarcoma JJ012 cell line lysates. Immunocytochemistry experiments confirmed the finding and indicated the localization of PRP-1 receptors in the tumor nucleus predominantly. TLR1/2, TLR6 and MUC5B were downregulated in human chondrosarcoma and upregulated in dose-response manner upon PRP-1 treatment. Experimental data indicated that in this cellular context the mentioned receptors had tumor suppressive function.
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69
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Matsuda A, Higashi M, Nakagawa T, Yokoyama S, Kuno A, Yonezawa S, Narimatsu H. Assessment of tumor characteristics based on glycoform analysis of membrane-tethered MUC1. J Transl Med 2017; 97:1103-1113. [PMID: 28581490 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2017.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical tissue specimens are useful for pathological diagnosis, which is, in some cases, supported by visualization of biomolecule localization. In general, diagnostic specificity in molecular pathology is increased by the acquisition of a probe to distinguish the modification of isomers. Although glycosylation is one of the candidate modifications in a protein, comparative glycan analysis of disease-associated proteins derived from a single tissue section is still challenging because of the lack of analytical sensitivity. Here we demonstrate a possible method for differential glycoform analysis of an endogenous tumor-associated glycoprotein MUC1 by an antibody-overlay lectin microarray. Tissue sections (5 μm thick) of patients with cholangiocarcinoma (CCA; n=21) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC; n=50) were stained with an anti-MUC1 antibody MY.1E12 that was established as a monoclonal antibody recognizing an MUC1 glycosylation isoform with a sialyl-core 1 structure (NeuAcα2-3galactosyl β1-3-N-acetylgalactosamine). MY.1E12-positive tissue areas (2.5 mm2) were selectively dissected with a laser capture microdissection procedure. The membrane MUC1 was enriched by immunoprecipitation with MY.1E12 and subjected to lectin microarray analysis. Even though the reactivities of MY.1E12 between CCA and PDAC were similar, the lectin-binding patterns varied. We found Maackia amurensis leukoagglutinin and pokeweed lectin distinguished MY.1E12-reactive MUC1 of CCA from that of PDAC. Moreover, MUC1 with M. amurensis hemagglutinin (MAH) reactivity potentially reflected the degree of malignancy. These results were confirmed with MAH-MY.1E12 double fluorescent immunostaining. These glycan changes on MUC1 were detected with high sensitivity owing to the cluster effect of immobilized lectins on a tandem repeat peptide antigen covered with highly dense glycosylation such as mucin. Our approach provides the information to investigate novel glycodynamics in biology, for example, glycoalteration, as well as diseases related to not only MUC1 but also other membrane proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Matsuda
- Glycomedicine Technology Research Center (GTRC), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Michiyo Higashi
- Department of Pathology, Field of Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Tomomi Nakagawa
- Glycomedicine Technology Research Center (GTRC), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Seiya Yokoyama
- Department of Pathology, Field of Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kuno
- Glycomedicine Technology Research Center (GTRC), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Suguru Yonezawa
- Department of Pathology, Field of Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hisashi Narimatsu
- Glycomedicine Technology Research Center (GTRC), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Pitarresi JR, Liu X, Sharma SM, Cuitiño MC, Kladney RD, Mace TA, Donohue S, Nayak SG, Qu C, Lee J, Woelke SA, Trela S, LaPak K, Yu L, McElroy J, Rosol TJ, Shakya R, Ludwig T, Lesinski GB, Fernandez SA, Konieczny SF, Leone G, Wu J, Ostrowski MC. Stromal ETS2 Regulates Chemokine Production and Immune Cell Recruitment during Acinar-to-Ductal Metaplasia. Neoplasia 2017; 18:541-52. [PMID: 27659014 PMCID: PMC5031867 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Preclinical studies have suggested that the pancreatic tumor microenvironment both inhibits and promotes tumor development and growth. Here we establish the role of stromal fibroblasts during acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM), an initiating event in pancreatic cancer formation. The transcription factor V-Ets avian erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog 2 (ETS2) was elevated in smooth muscle actin–positive fibroblasts in the stroma of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patient tissue samples relative to normal pancreatic controls. LSL-KrasG12D/+; LSL-Trp53R172H/+; Pdx-1-Cre (KPC) mice showed that ETS2 expression initially increased in fibroblasts during ADM and remained elevated through progression to PDAC. Conditional ablation of Ets-2 in pancreatic fibroblasts in a KrasG12D-driven mouse ADM model decreased the amount of ADM events. ADMs from fibroblast Ets-2–deleted animals had reduced epithelial cell proliferation and increased apoptosis. Surprisingly, fibroblast Ets-2 deletion significantly altered immune cell infiltration into the stroma, with an increased CD8+ T-cell population, and decreased presence of regulatory T cells (Tregs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and mature macrophages. The mechanism involved ETS2-dependent chemokine ligand production in fibroblasts. ETS2 directly bound to regulatory sequences for Ccl3, Ccl4, Cxcl4, Cxcl5, and Cxcl10, a group of chemokines that act as potent mediators of immune cell recruitment. These results suggest an unappreciated role for ETS2 in fibroblasts in establishing an immune-suppressive microenvironment in response to oncogenic KrasG12D signaling during the initial stages of tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason R Pitarresi
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Xin Liu
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Sudarshana M Sharma
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Maria C Cuitiño
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Raleigh D Kladney
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Thomas A Mace
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Sydney Donohue
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Sunayana G Nayak
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Chunjing Qu
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - James Lee
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Sarah A Woelke
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Stefan Trela
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Kyle LaPak
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Lianbo Yu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics' Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Joseph McElroy
- Department of Biomedical Informatics' Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Thomas J Rosol
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Reena Shakya
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Thomas Ludwig
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Gregory B Lesinski
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Soledad A Fernandez
- Department of Biomedical Informatics' Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Stephen F Konieczny
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research and the Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2057, USA
| | - Gustavo Leone
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jinghai Wu
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Michael C Ostrowski
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Lewis x Antigen is Associated to Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Survival. Pathol Oncol Res 2017; 24:525-531. [PMID: 28681122 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-017-0269-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is an aggressive disease with poor prognosis without appropriate prognostic markers. Previous research shows that Lewis antigens have been involved in carcinoma dissemination and patients´ survival. Fucosyl and sialyltransferases are the enzymes implicated in the Lewis antigens synthesis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic utility of Lewis antigens in HNSCC. We conducted a prospective research including histological samples from 79 patients with primary HNSCC. Lewis x and sialyl Lewis x expression were detected by immunohistochemistry; patient's data, progression free, and overall survival were documented. A statistical correlation study of antigenic expression and patients´ histopathological variables was performed. Cox regression models with internal validation procedures were employed to analyze survival data. By immunohistochemistry, Lewis x was detected in 34/79 (43%) tumor samples, while sialyl Lewis x only in 11/79 (14%). Lewis x expression showed a positive correlation with tumor differentiation and a better overall survival for Lewis x + patients was detected. Moreover, multivariate Cox's regression analysis showed that Lewis x is an independent predictor of better overall survival. The in silico analysis supported the presence of deregulated fucosyl (FUT4) and sialyltransferase (ST3GAL4) in the Lewis synthetic pathway related to patient survival. These results suggest that Lewis x expression is associated with a better outcome in patients with HNSCC.
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Urey C, Andersson B, Ansari D, Sasor A, Said-Hilmersson K, Nilsson J, Andersson R. Low MUC4 expression is associated with survival benefit in patients with resectable pancreatic cancer receiving adjuvant gemcitabine. Scand J Gastroenterol 2017; 52:595-600. [PMID: 28270046 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2017.1290134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous in vitro studies have shown that mucin 4 (MUC4) confers resistance toward gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer cells. To date, there are few clinical studies corroborating these findings. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive impact of MUC4 expression on survival in patients with resectable pancreatic cancer receiving adjuvant gemcitabine. MATERIALS AND METHODS MUC4 expression was investigated by immunohistochemistry in 78 tissue sections from patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma undergoing Whipple resection. The H-score was used to evaluate MUC4 expression. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis were used to assess the predictive role of MUC4 expression. RESULTS The MUC4 protein was expressed in 93.6% (73/78) of pancreatic cancer tissue specimens. None of the normal control pancreatic tissues had any MUC4 expression. Low MUC4 expression (H-score ≤100) was detectable in 42 (53.8%) of tumors and high MUC4 expression (H-score >100) was detectable in 36 (46.2%) of tumors. Low expression of MUC4 was associated with favorable survival (p = .027), whereas high MUC4 expression did not correlate with survival (p = .87) in patients receiving adjuvant gemcitabine treatment. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study indicating a predictive role of MUC4 expression for gemcitabine treatment in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Urey
- a Department of Surgery , Clinical Sciences Lund, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University , Lund , Sweden
| | - Bodil Andersson
- a Department of Surgery , Clinical Sciences Lund, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University , Lund , Sweden
| | - Daniel Ansari
- a Department of Surgery , Clinical Sciences Lund, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University , Lund , Sweden
| | - Agata Sasor
- b Department of Pathology , Skåne University Hospital, Lund University , Lund , Sweden
| | - Katarzyna Said-Hilmersson
- a Department of Surgery , Clinical Sciences Lund, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University , Lund , Sweden
| | - Johan Nilsson
- c Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Clinical Sciences Lund , Skåne University Hospital, Lund University , Lund , Sweden
| | - Roland Andersson
- a Department of Surgery , Clinical Sciences Lund, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University , Lund , Sweden
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Weisbeck A, Jansen RJ. Nutrients and the Pancreas: An Epigenetic Perspective. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9030283. [PMID: 28294968 PMCID: PMC5372946 DOI: 10.3390/nu9030283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related deaths with a dismal average five-year survival rate of six percent. Substitutional progress has been made in understanding how pancreatic cancer develops and progresses. Evidence is mounting which demonstrates that diet and nutrition are key factors in carcinogenesis. In particular, diets low in folate and high in fruits, vegetables, red/processed meat, and saturated fat have been identified as pancreatic cancer risk factors with a proposed mechanism involving epigenetic modifications or gene regulation. We review the current literature assessing the correlation between diet, epigenetics, and pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andee Weisbeck
- Department of Public Health, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA.
| | - Rick J Jansen
- Department of Public Health, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA.
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74
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Identification and Validation of Novel Subtype-Specific Protein Biomarkers in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Pancreas 2017; 46:311-322. [PMID: 27846146 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000000743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has been subclassified into 3 molecular subtypes: classical, quasi-mesenchymal, and exocrine-like. These subtypes exhibit differences in patient survival and drug resistance to conventional therapies. The aim of the current study is to identify novel subtype-specific protein biomarkers facilitating subtype stratification of patients with PDAC and novel therapy development. METHODS A set of 12 human patient-derived primary cell lines was used as a starting material for an advanced label-free proteomics approach leading to the identification of novel cell surface and secreted biomarkers. Cell surface protein identification was achieved by in vitro biotinylation, followed by mass spectrometric analysis of purified biotin-tagged proteins. Proteins secreted into a chemically defined serum-free cell culture medium were analyzed by shotgun proteomics. RESULTS Of 3288 identified proteins, 2 pan-PDAC (protocadherin-1 and lipocalin-2) and 2 exocrine-like-specific (cadherin-17 and galectin-4) biomarker candidates have been validated. Proximity ligation assay analysis of the 2 exocrine-like biomarkers revealed their co-localization on the surface of exocrine-like cells. CONCLUSIONS The study reports the identification and validation of novel PDAC biomarkers relevant for the development of patient stratification tools. In addition, cadherin-17 and galectin-4 may serve as targets for bispecific antibodies as novel therapeutics in PDAC.
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75
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Coleman O, Henry M, McVey G, Clynes M, Moriarty M, Meleady P. Proteomic strategies in the search for novel pancreatic cancer biomarkers and drug targets: recent advances and clinical impact. Expert Rev Proteomics 2016; 13:383-94. [PMID: 26985644 DOI: 10.1586/14789450.2016.1167601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest cancers; despite a low incidence rate it is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. Improvement of the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment remains the main focus of pancreatic cancer research. Rapid developments in proteomic technologies has improved our understanding of the pancreatic cancer proteome. Here, the authors summarise the recent proteomic strategies undertaken in the search for: novel biomarkers for early diagnosis, pancreatic cancer-specific proteins which may be used for novel targeted therapies and proteins which may be useful for monitoring disease progression post-therapy. Recent advances and findings discussed here provide great promise of having a significant clinical impact and improving the outcome of patients with this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orla Coleman
- a Department of Proteomics, National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology , Dublin City University , Glasnevin , Dublin 9 , Ireland
| | - Michael Henry
- a Department of Proteomics, National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology , Dublin City University , Glasnevin , Dublin 9 , Ireland
| | - Gerard McVey
- b St. Lukes Hospital , Rathgar , Dublin 6 , Ireland
| | - Martin Clynes
- a Department of Proteomics, National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology , Dublin City University , Glasnevin , Dublin 9 , Ireland
| | - Michael Moriarty
- a Department of Proteomics, National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology , Dublin City University , Glasnevin , Dublin 9 , Ireland.,b St. Lukes Hospital , Rathgar , Dublin 6 , Ireland
| | - Paula Meleady
- a Department of Proteomics, National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology , Dublin City University , Glasnevin , Dublin 9 , Ireland
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76
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Pan S, Brentnall TA, Chen R. Glycoproteins and glycoproteomics in pancreatic cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:9288-9299. [PMID: 27895417 PMCID: PMC5107693 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i42.9288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrations in protein glycosylation and polysaccharides play a pivotal role in pancreatic tumorigenesis, influencing cancer progression, metastasis, immuno-response and chemoresistance. Abnormal expression in sugar moieties can impact the function of various glycoproteins, including mucins, surface receptors, adhesive proteins, proteoglycans, as well as their effectors and binding ligands, resulting in an increase in pancreatic cancer invasiveness and a cancer-favored microenvironment. Recent advance in glycoproteomics, glycomics and other chemical biology techniques have been employed to better understand the complex mechanism of glycosylation events and how they orchestrate molecular activities in genomics, proteomics and metabolomics implicated in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. A variety of strategies have been demonstrated targeting protein glycosylation and polysaccharides for diagnostic and therapeutic development.
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77
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Boya VN, Lovett R, Setua S, Gandhi V, Nagesh PKB, Khan S, Jaggi M, Yallapu MM, Chauhan SC. Probing mucin interaction behavior of magnetic nanoparticles. J Colloid Interface Sci 2016; 488:258-268. [PMID: 27837716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2016.10.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we developed iron oxide based magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) by precipitation of iron salts in the presence of ammonia and created four different formulations: without functionality (plain MNPs, no coating), with β-cyclodextrin (MNPs+β-CD) or pluronic 127 polymer (MNPs+F-127), and both β-cyclodextrin and pluronic 127 polymer (MNPs+β-CD-F-127) functionality for its efficient use in mucosal delivery. We studied the interaction and/or binding behavior of these MNPs formulations with porcine stomach mucin using steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy, and then quantified the bound mucin from absorption studies. Toxicity of these MNPs against cervical cancer cells and red blood cells was evaluated. Ex-vivo studies were performed using freshly collected gastrointestinal, ovarian, pancreas and colon organ tissues of pig to evaluate binding and uptake phenomenon of MNPs. Transport studies of these MNPs in mucin was evaluated using Boyden's chamber assay. All these studies together suggest that the MNPs+β-CD-F-127 formulation was strongly interacted with mucin and interestingly transported through mucin compared to other MNPs formulations. Hence, MNPs+β-CD-F-127 formulation could be a good candidate for the mucoadhesive biopharmaceuticals and drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayakumar N Boya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa 516 001, AP, India
| | - Renn Lovett
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Saini Setua
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Vaibhav Gandhi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Prashanth K B Nagesh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Sheema Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Meena Jaggi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Murali M Yallapu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
| | - Subhash C Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
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78
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Active YAP promotes pancreatic cancer cell motility, invasion and tumorigenesis in a mitotic phosphorylation-dependent manner through LPAR3. Oncotarget 2016; 6:36019-31. [PMID: 26440309 PMCID: PMC4742158 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcriptional co-activator Yes-associated protein, YAP, is a main effector in the Hippo tumor suppressor pathway. We recently defined a mechanism for positive regulation of YAP through CDK1-mediated mitotic phosphorylation. Here, we show that active YAP promotes pancreatic cancer cell migration, invasion and anchorage-independent growth in a mitotic phosphorylation-dependent manner. Mitotic phosphorylation is essential for YAP-driven tumorigenesis in animals. YAP reduction significantly impairs cell migration and invasion. Immunohistochemistry shows significant upregulation and nuclear localization of YAP in metastases when compared with primary tumors and normal tissue in human. Mitotic phosphorylation of YAP controls a unique transcriptional program in pancreatic cells. Expression profiles reveal LPAR3 (lysophosphatidic acid receptor 3) as a mediator for mitotic phosphorylation-driven pancreatic cell motility and invasion. Together, this work identifies YAP as a novel regulator of pancreatic cancer cell motility, invasion and metastasis, and as a potential therapeutic target for invasive pancreatic cancer.
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79
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Sierzega M, Młynarski D, Tomaszewska R, Kulig J. Semiquantitative immunohistochemistry for mucin (MUC1, MUC2, MUC3, MUC4, MUC5AC, and MUC6) profiling of pancreatic ductal cell adenocarcinoma improves diagnostic and prognostic performance. Histopathology 2016; 69:582-91. [PMID: 27165582 DOI: 10.1111/his.12994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Mucin (MUC) glycoproteins are involved in various steps of the carcinogenesis and progression of human malignancies. The aim of this study was to verify whether semiquantitative evaluation of MUC staining by immunohistochemistry may help to differentiate pancreatic ductal cell adenocarcinoma (PDAC) from chronic pancreatitis and normal pancreas. METHODS AND RESULTS Mucin expression was examined by immunohistochemistry in surgical specimens resected from 101 patients with PDAC and 33 with chronic pancreatitis, and in 40 normal pancreatic tissue specimens. A quickscore (QS, range 0-300) was calculated by multiplying staining intensity by the percentage of positive cells. A diagnostic model was developed for MUC QS (MUC1, MUC2, MUC3, MUC4, MUC5AC, and MUC6), based on a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and logistic regression analysis. Median QS values for MUC1 and MUC5AC were significantly higher for PDAC, whereas patients with non-malignant tissues had higher values for MUC3 and MUC6. The area under the curve for the ROC curve derived from the diagnostic model including MUC3, MUC5AC and MUC6 was 0.96 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.91-0.98], with 85% sensitivity and 94% specificity. Median QS values for MUC2 were significantly higher in patients with less advanced tumours, whereas venous invasion was associated with a lower QS for MUC6. Moreover, multivariate survival analysis revealed that low MUC6 expression was a negative prognostic factor, with a hazard ratio of 1.73 (95% CI 1.07-2.81). CONCLUSIONS The three-MUC diagnostic model (MUC3, MUC5AC, and MUC6) showed an excellent ability to discriminate pancreatic cancer from non-malignant tissues, and yielded information that may prove useful for the development of clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Sierzega
- First Department of Surgery, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Damian Młynarski
- Department of Pathology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Romana Tomaszewska
- Department of Pathology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jan Kulig
- First Department of Surgery, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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80
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Liu X, Pitarresi JR, Cuitiño MC, Kladney RD, Woelke SA, Sizemore GM, Nayak SG, Egriboz O, Schweickert PG, Yu L, Trela S, Schilling DJ, Halloran SK, Li M, Dutta S, Fernandez SA, Rosol TJ, Lesinski GB, Shakya R, Ludwig T, Konieczny SF, Leone G, Wu J, Ostrowski MC. Genetic ablation of Smoothened in pancreatic fibroblasts increases acinar-ductal metaplasia. Genes Dev 2016; 30:1943-55. [PMID: 27633013 PMCID: PMC5066238 DOI: 10.1101/gad.283499.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Liu et al. show that disruption of paracrine Hedgehog signaling via genetic ablation of Smoothened (Smo) in stromal fibroblasts in a KrasG12D mouse model increased acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM). Smo-deleted fibroblasts had higher expression of transforming growth factor-α (Tgfα) mRNA and secreted higher levels of TGFα, leading to activation of EGFR signaling in acinar cells and increased ADM. The contribution of the microenvironment to pancreatic acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM), a preneoplastic transition in oncogenic Kras-driven pancreatic cancer progression, is currently unclear. Here we show that disruption of paracrine Hedgehog signaling via genetic ablation of Smoothened (Smo) in stromal fibroblasts in a KrasG12D mouse model increased ADM. Smo-deleted fibroblasts had higher expression of transforming growth factor-α (Tgfa) mRNA and secreted higher levels of TGFα, leading to activation of EGFR signaling in acinar cells and increased ADM. The mechanism involved activation of AKT and noncanonical activation of the GLI family transcription factor GLI2. GLI2 was phosphorylated at Ser230 in an AKT-dependent fashion and directly regulated Tgfa expression in fibroblasts lacking Smo. Additionally, Smo-deleted fibroblasts stimulated the growth of KrasG12D/Tp53R172H pancreatic tumor cells in vivo and in vitro. These results define a non-cell-autonomous mechanism modulating KrasG12D-driven ADM that is balanced by cross-talk between Hedgehog/SMO and AKT/GLI2 pathways in stromal fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA; Cancer Biology and Genetics Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Jason R Pitarresi
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA; Cancer Biology and Genetics Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Maria C Cuitiño
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA; Cancer Biology and Genetics Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Raleigh D Kladney
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA; Cancer Biology and Genetics Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Sarah A Woelke
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Gina M Sizemore
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA; Cancer Biology and Genetics Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Sunayana G Nayak
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA; Cancer Biology and Genetics Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Onur Egriboz
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA; Cancer Biology and Genetics Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Patrick G Schweickert
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA; the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA; the Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Lianbo Yu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics' Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Stefan Trela
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA; Cancer Biology and Genetics Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Daniel J Schilling
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA; Cancer Biology and Genetics Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Shannon K Halloran
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA; Cancer Biology and Genetics Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Maokun Li
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA; Cancer Biology and Genetics Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Shourik Dutta
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA; Cancer Biology and Genetics Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Soledad A Fernandez
- Department of Biomedical Informatics' Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Thomas J Rosol
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA; Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Gregory B Lesinski
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Reena Shakya
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Thomas Ludwig
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA; Cancer Biology and Genetics Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Stephen F Konieczny
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA; the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA; the Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Gustavo Leone
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA; Cancer Biology and Genetics Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Jinghai Wu
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA; Cancer Biology and Genetics Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Michael C Ostrowski
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA; Cancer Biology and Genetics Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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81
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Huang H, Svoboda RA, Lazenby AJ, Saowapa J, Chaika N, Ding K, Wheelock MJ, Johnson KR. Up-regulation of N-cadherin by Collagen I-activated Discoidin Domain Receptor 1 in Pancreatic Cancer Requires the Adaptor Molecule Shc1. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:23208-23223. [PMID: 27605668 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.740605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas are highly malignant cancers characterized by extensive invasion into surrounding tissues, metastasis to distant organs, and a limited response to therapy. A main feature of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas is desmoplasia, which leads to extensive deposition of collagen I. We have demonstrated that collagen I can induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in pancreatic cancer cells. A hallmark of EMT is an increase in the expression of the mesenchymal cadherin N-cadherin. Previously we showed up-regulation of N-cadherin promotes tumor cell invasion and that collagen I-induced EMT is mediated by two collagen receptors, α2β1-integrin and discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1). DDR1 is a receptor-tyrosine kinase widely expressed during embryonic development and in many adult tissues and is also highly expressed in many different cancers. In the signaling pathway initiated by collagen, we have shown proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2) is downstream of DDR1. In this study we found isoform b of DDR1 is responsible for collagen I-induced up-regulation of N-cadherin and tyrosine 513 of DDR1b is necessary. Knocking down Shc1, which binds to tyrosine 513 of DDR1b via its PTB (phosphotyrosine binding) domain, eliminates the up-regulation of N-cadherin. The signaling does not require a functional SH2 domain or the tyrosine residues commonly phosphorylated in Shc1 but is mediated by the interaction between a short segment of the central domain of Shc1 and the proline-rich region of Pyk2. Taken together, these data illustrate DDR1b, but not DDR1a, mediates collagen I-induced N-cadherin up-regulation, and Shc1 is involved in this process by coupling to both DDR1 and Pyk2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huocong Huang
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine
| | | | - Audrey J Lazenby
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, College of Medicine, and
| | | | - Nina Chaika
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha Nebraska 68198
| | - Ke Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Guangzhou 510530, China, and
| | - Margaret J Wheelock
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine.,Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry.,Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha Nebraska 68198
| | - Keith R Johnson
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, .,Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry.,Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha Nebraska 68198.,Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
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82
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Lo ST, Pantazopouos P, Medarova Z, Moore A. Presentation of underglycosylated mucin 1 in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) at early stages. Am J Cancer Res 2016; 6:1986-1995. [PMID: 27725904 PMCID: PMC5043108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Underglycosylated mucin 1 antigen (uMUC1) is a proven biomarker of cancer progression relevant to many malignancies including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, while ample evidence exists of the expression of total MUC1, little is known about the abundance of the underglycolsylated form of the antigen and its significance in disease progression. Such knowledge is important because the underglycosylated form of MUC1 is intimately linked to metastatic potential. Here, we investigated the expression uMUC1 at various stages of PDAC including pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN). Immunohistochemical analysis was performed on human tissue microarrays (TMAs) containing PDAC and PanIN using monoclonal antibody specific to uMUC1. uMUC1 expression was analyzed by a traditional pathological scoring system and using automatic imaging analysis software. Our results demonstrated low uMUC1 abundance in PanIN lesions and a transient increase in antigen availability in stage I PDAC, followed by decreased expression in later stages of the disease. An additional finding was that there was intermediate expression of uMUC1 in adjacent normal tissues from PDAC irrespective of the stage. These studies suggest the intriguing possibility that a pro-metastatic uMUC1 expression signature may appear at early stages of PDAC, providing an additional clue about the aggressive nature of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Tang Lo
- Molecular Imaging Laboratory, MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestown, MA 02129, USA
- Current address: Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical CenterDallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Pamela Pantazopouos
- Molecular Imaging Laboratory, MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Zdravka Medarova
- Molecular Imaging Laboratory, MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Anna Moore
- Molecular Imaging Laboratory, MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestown, MA 02129, USA
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83
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Sousa AM, Grandgenett PM, David L, Almeida R, Hollingsworth MA, Santos-Silva F. Reflections on MUC1 glycoprotein: the hidden potential of isoforms in carcinogenesis. APMIS 2016; 124:913-924. [PMID: 27538373 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mucin 1 (MUC1) has been described as the renaissance molecule due to the large set of functions it displays in both normal and neoplastic cells. This membrane-tethered glycoprotein is overexpressed and aberrantly glycosylated in most epithelial cancers, being involved in several processes related with malignant phenotype acquisition. With a highly polymorphic structure, both in the polypeptide and glycan counterparts, MUC1 variability has been associated with susceptibility to several diseases, including cancer. Biochemical features and biological functions have been characterized upon the full-length MUC1 protein, remaining to clarify the real impact on cell dynamics of the plethora of MUC1 isoforms. This review aims to encompass a detailed characterization of MUC1 role in carcinogenesis, highlighting recent findings in cell differentiation and uncovering new evidences of MUC1 isoforms involvement in malignant phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia M Sousa
- i3S-Institute of Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. .,IPATIMUP-Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Paul M Grandgenett
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Disease, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Leonor David
- i3S-Institute of Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,IPATIMUP-Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel Almeida
- i3S-Institute of Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,IPATIMUP-Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Filipe Santos-Silva
- i3S-Institute of Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,IPATIMUP-Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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84
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Acquired resistance to HSP90 inhibitor 17-AAG and increased metastatic potential are associated with MUC1 expression in colon carcinoma cells. Anticancer Drugs 2016; 27:417-26. [PMID: 26872308 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is a molecular chaperone required for the stability and function of many proteins. The chaperoning of oncoproteins by HSP90 enhances the survival, growth, and invasive potential of cancer cells. HSP90 inhibitors are promising new anticancer agents, in which the benzoquinone ansamycin 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) is currently in clinical evaluation. However, the implications of acquired resistance to this class of drug remain largely unexplored. In the present study, we have generated isogenic human colon cancer cell lines that are resistant to 17-AAG by continued culturing in the compound. Cross-resistance was found with another HSP90 inhibitor 17-dimethylaminoethylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin. The resistant cells showed obvious morphology changes with a metastatic phenotype and significant increases in migration and adhesion to collagens. Western blotting analysis of epithelial-mesenchymal transition molecular markers found that expression of E-cadherin downregulated, whereas expression of N-cadherin and β-catenin upregulated in the resistant cells. Mucin 1 (MUC1) has been reported to mediate metastasis as well as chemical resistance in many cancers. Here, we found that MUC1 expression was significantly elevated in the acquired drug resistance cells. 17-AAG treatment could decrease MUC1 more in parental cells than in acquired 17-AAG-resistant cells. Further study found that knockdown of MUC1 expression by small interfering RNA could obviously re-sensitize the resistant cells to 17-AAG treatment, and decrease the cell migration and adhesion. These were coupled with a downregulation in N-cadherin and β-catenin. The results indicate that HSP90 inhibitor therapies in colon carcinomas could generate resistance and increase metastatic potential that might mediated by upregulation of MUC1 expression. Findings from this study further our understanding of the potential clinical effects of HSP90-directed therapies in colon carcinomas.
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85
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Functional Consequences of Differential O-glycosylation of MUC1, MUC4, and MUC16 (Downstream Effects on Signaling). Biomolecules 2016; 6:biom6030034. [PMID: 27483328 PMCID: PMC5039420 DOI: 10.3390/biom6030034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation is one of the most abundant post-translational modifications that occur within the cell. Under normal physiological conditions, O-linked glycosylation of extracellular proteins is critical for both structure and function. During the progression of cancer, however, the expression of aberrant and truncated glycans is commonly observed. Mucins are high molecular weight glycoproteins that contain numerous sites of O-glycosylation within their extracellular domains. Transmembrane mucins also play a functional role in monitoring the surrounding microenvironment and transducing these signals into the cell. In cancer, these mucins often take on an oncogenic role and promote a number of pro-tumorigenic effects, including pro-survival, migratory, and invasive behaviors. Within this review, we highlight both the processes involved in the expression of aberrant glycan structures on mucins, as well as the potential downstream impacts on cellular signaling.
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86
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Tarhan YE, Kato T, Jang M, Haga Y, Ueda K, Nakamura Y, Park JH. Morphological Changes, Cadherin Switching, and Growth Suppression in Pancreatic Cancer by GALNT6 Knockdown. Neoplasia 2016; 18:265-272. [PMID: 27237318 PMCID: PMC4887616 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer reveals the worst prognosis among human cancers with little improvement in its clinical outcome in the last three decades. We previously suggested that polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 6 (GALNT6), which catalyzes O-type glycosylation of Mucin 1, might be a promising molecular target for drug development for breast cancer. In this study, we report upregulation of GALNT6 in pancreatic cancer cells where Mucin proteins are highly O-glycosylated. We found that knockdown of GALNT6 with small interfering RNA in pancreatic cancer cells decreased the amount of Mucin 4 protein as well as that of its transcript, reduced the levels of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and significantly reduced pancreatic cancer cell viability. Interestingly, knockdown of GALNT6 caused drastic morphological changes of pancreatic cells, accompanied with the cadherin switching from P-cadherin to E-cadherin. Considering important roles of Mucin 4 in growth and invasion, our findings imply that targeting GALNT6 is a very promising therapeutic strategy for treatment of pancreatic cancer patients who still have very limited treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunus Emre Tarhan
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Taigo Kato
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Miran Jang
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yoshimi Haga
- Cancer Proteomics Group, Genome Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Koji Ueda
- Cancer Proteomics Group, Genome Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nakamura
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | - Jae-Hyun Park
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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87
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Wu H, Shi XL, Zhang HJ, Song QJ, Yang XB, Hu WD, Mei GL, Chen X, Mao QS, Chen Z. Overexpression of ST3Gal-I promotes migration and invasion of HCCLM3 in vitro and poor prognosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:2227-36. [PMID: 27143918 PMCID: PMC4844442 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s96510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Excessive ST3Gal-I levels predict a poor outcome for patients with several types of tumors. This study aims to investigate the role of ST3Gal-I in determining the invasive and metastatic potential of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and clinical prognosis for patients with HCC. METHODS We compared the expression of ST3Gal-I in various HCC cell lines and in 20 pairs of tumor and peritumor tissue samples using Western blot analysis. Changes in the degree of invasiveness and migration were determined before and after small interfering RNA-induced knockdown of ST3Gal-I using a Transwell matrigel invasion assay and scratch wound assay. The correlation between ST3Gal-I expression and prognosis was determined in a large HCC patient cohort (n=273). RESULTS ST3Gal-I expression was higher in metastatic HCCLM3 cells and tumor tissue compared with normal adjacent tissue. Following the ST3Gal-I knockdown, the invasiveness and migration of HCCLM3 cells were markedly reduced. ST3Gal-I expression in HCC correlated closely with tumor thrombus (P<0.001), tumor size (>5.0 cm, P=0.032), tumor node metastasis stages II-III (P=0.002), and Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stages B-C (P<0.001). Cox regression analysis demonstrated that ST3Gal-I is an independent predictor of prognosis in patients with HCC, and related to disease-free survival (hazard ratio =1.464, P=0.037) and overall survival (hazard ratio =1.662, P=0.012). CONCLUSION ST3Gal-I might contribute to the invasiveness and metastatic nature of HCC and, thus, could be an independent predictor of recurrence and a suitable pharmaceutical target in patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Liang Shi
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Jian Zhang
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Jie Song
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Bing Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Dong Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Lin Mei
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin-Sheng Mao
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
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88
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Wang P, Yoo B, Sherman S, Mukherjee P, Ross A, Pantazopoulos P, Petkova V, Farrar C, Medarova Z, Moore A. Predictive imaging of chemotherapeutic response in a transgenic mouse model of pancreatic cancer. Int J Cancer 2016; 139:712-8. [PMID: 26996122 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The underglycosylated mucin 1 tumor antigen (uMUC1) is a biomarker that forecasts the progression of adenocarcinomas. In this study, we evaluated the utility of a dual-modality molecular imaging approach based on targeting uMUC1 for monitoring chemotherapeutic response in a transgenic murine model of pancreatic cancer (KCM triple transgenic mice). An uMUC1-specific contrast agent (MN-EPPT) was synthesized for use with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and fluorescence optical imaging. It consisted of dextran-coated iron oxide nanoparticles conjugated to the near infrared fluorescent dye Cy5.5 and to a uMUC1-specific peptide (EPPT). KCM triple transgenic mice were given gemcitabine as chemotherapy while control animals received saline injections following the same schedule. Changes in uMUC1 levels following chemotherapy were monitored using T2-weighted MRI and optical imaging before and 24 hr after injection of the MN-EPPT. uMUC1 expression in tumors from both groups was evaluated by histology and qRT-PCR. We observed that the average delta-T2 in the gemcitabine-treated group was significantly reduced compared to the control group indicating lower accumulation of MN-EPPT, and correspondingly, a lower level of uMUC1 expression. In vivo optical imaging confirmed the MRI findings. Fluorescence microscopy of pancreatic tumor sections showed a lower level of uMUC1 expression in the gemcitabine-treated group compared to the control, which was confirmed by qRT-PCR. Our data proved that changes in uMUC1 expression after gemcitabine chemotherapy could be evaluated using MN-EPPT-enhanced in vivo MR and optical imaging. These results suggest that the uMUC1-targeted imaging approach could provide a useful tool for the predictive assessment of therapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Molecular Imaging Laboratory, MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
| | - Byunghee Yoo
- Molecular Imaging Laboratory, MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
| | - Sarah Sherman
- Molecular Imaging Laboratory, MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
| | - Pinku Mukherjee
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte and School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Alana Ross
- Molecular Imaging Laboratory, MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
| | - Pamela Pantazopoulos
- Molecular Imaging Laboratory, MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
| | - Victoria Petkova
- Molecular Medicine Core, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Christian Farrar
- MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
| | - Zdravka Medarova
- Molecular Imaging Laboratory, MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
| | - Anna Moore
- Molecular Imaging Laboratory, MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
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Mereiter S, Balmaña M, Gomes J, Magalhães A, Reis CA. Glycomic Approaches for the Discovery of Targets in Gastrointestinal Cancer. Front Oncol 2016; 6:55. [PMID: 27014630 PMCID: PMC4783390 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2016.00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is the most common group of malignancies and many of its types are among the most deadly. Various glycoconjugates have been used in clinical practice as serum biomarker for several GI tumors, however, with limited diagnose application. Despite the good accessibility by endoscopy of many GI organs, the lack of reliable serum biomarkers often leads to late diagnosis of malignancy and consequently low 5-year survival rates. Recent advances in analytical techniques have provided novel glycoproteomic and glycomic data and generated functional information and putative biomarker targets in oncology. Glycosylation alterations have been demonstrated in a series of glycoconjugates (glycoproteins, proteoglycans, and glycosphingolipids) that are involved in cancer cell adhesion, signaling, invasion, and metastasis formation. In this review, we present an overview on the major glycosylation alterations in GI cancer and the current serological biomarkers used in the clinical oncology setting. We further describe recent glycomic studies in GI cancer, namely gastric, colorectal, and pancreatic cancer. Moreover, we discuss the role of glycosylation as a modulator of the function of several key players in cancer cell biology. Finally, we address several state-of-the-art techniques currently applied in this field, such as glycomic and glycoproteomic analyses, the application of glycoengineered cell line models, microarray and proximity ligation assay, and imaging mass spectrometry, and provide an outlook to future perspectives and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Mereiter
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Meritxell Balmaña
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Girona , Girona , Spain
| | - Joana Gomes
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Magalhães
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Celso A Reis
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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90
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Lakshminarayanan V, Supekar NT, Wei J, McCurry DB, Dueck AC, Kosiorek HE, Trivedi PP, Bradley JM, Madsen CS, Pathangey LB, Hoelzinger DB, Wolfert MA, Boons GJ, Cohen PA, Gendler SJ. MUC1 Vaccines, Comprised of Glycosylated or Non-Glycosylated Peptides or Tumor-Derived MUC1, Can Circumvent Immunoediting to Control Tumor Growth in MUC1 Transgenic Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0145920. [PMID: 26788922 PMCID: PMC4720451 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
It remains challenging to produce decisive vaccines against MUC1, a tumor-associated antigen widely expressed by pancreas, breast and other tumors. Employing clinically relevant mouse models, we ruled out such causes as irreversible T-cell tolerance, inadequate avidity, and failure of T-cells to recognize aberrantly glycosylated tumor MUC1. Instead, every tested MUC1 preparation, even non-glycosylated synthetic 9mer peptides, induced interferon gamma-producing CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells that recognized glycosylated variants including tumor-associated MUC1. Vaccination with synthetic peptides conferred protection as long as vaccination was repeated post tumor challenge. Failure to revaccinate post challenge was associated with down-regulated tumor MUC1 and MHC molecules. Surprisingly, direct admixture of MUC1-expressing tumor with MUC1-hyperimmune T-cells could not prevent tumor outgrowth or MUC1 immunoediting, whereas ex vivo activation of the hyperimmune T-cells prior to tumor admixture rendered them curative. Therefore, surrogate T-cell preactivation outside the tumor bed, either in culture or by repetitive vaccination, can overcome tumor escape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vani Lakshminarayanan
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States of America
| | - Nitin T. Supekar
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - Jie Wei
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States of America
| | - Dustin B. McCurry
- Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States of America
| | - Amylou C. Dueck
- Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States of America
| | - Heidi E. Kosiorek
- Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States of America
| | - Priyanka P. Trivedi
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States of America
| | - Judy M. Bradley
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States of America
| | - Cathy S. Madsen
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States of America
| | - Latha B. Pathangey
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States of America
| | | | - Margreet A. Wolfert
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - Geert-Jan Boons
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SJG); (PAC); (GJB)
| | - Peter A. Cohen
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States of America
- Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SJG); (PAC); (GJB)
| | - Sandra J. Gendler
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry/Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States of America
- Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SJG); (PAC); (GJB)
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91
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Liu D, Chang CH, Gold DV, Goldenberg DM. Identification of PAM4 (clivatuzumab)-reactive epitope on MUC5AC: a promising biomarker and therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer. Oncotarget 2015; 6:4274-85. [PMID: 25595893 PMCID: PMC4414189 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PAM4 is a monoclonal antibody showing high specificity for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Humanized PAM4 labeled with 90Y in combination with low-dose gemcitabine has shown promising therapeutic activity, and is being evaluated in a phase III clinical trial. Prior efforts have suggested that PAM4 potentially reacts with MUC5AC, a secretory mucin expressed de novo in early pancreatic neoplasia and retained throughout disease progression. In present study, we provide further evidence validating MUC5AC as the PAM4 antigen, and locate PAM4-reactive epitope within the N-terminal cysteine-rich subdomain 2 (Cys2), thus differentiating PAM4 from most anti-MUC5AC antibodies known to-date. Specifically, we show (i) PAM4-antigen and MUC5AC were co-localized in multiple human cancer cell lines, including Capan-1, BxPC-3, and CFPAC-1; (ii) MUC5AC-specific siRNA prominently reduced the expression of both MUC5AC and PAM4-antigen in CFPAC-1 cells; (iii) PAM4 preferentially binds to the void-volume fractions from Sepharose-CL2B chromatography of Capan-1 culture supernatants, which were revealed by Western blot to display the ladder pattern characteristic of oligomeric MUC5AC; and (iv) the N-terminal Cys2 within several recombinant MUC5AC fragments is essential for binding to PAM4. These findings shed light on the mechanism of PAM4-based diagnosis and treatment for pancreatic cancer, and guide further exploration of its clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donglin Liu
- IBC Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Morris Plains, New Jersey 07950, United States of America
| | - Chien-Hsing Chang
- IBC Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Morris Plains, New Jersey 07950, United States of America.,Immunomedics, Inc., Morris Plains, New Jersey 07950, United States of America
| | - David V Gold
- Garden State Cancer Center, Center for Molecular Medicine and Immunology, Morris Plains, New Jersey 07950, United States of America
| | - David M Goldenberg
- IBC Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Morris Plains, New Jersey 07950, United States of America.,Immunomedics, Inc., Morris Plains, New Jersey 07950, United States of America.,Garden State Cancer Center, Center for Molecular Medicine and Immunology, Morris Plains, New Jersey 07950, United States of America
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92
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Schmuck RB, de Carvalho-Fischer CV, Neumann C, Pratschke J, Bahra M. Distal bile duct carcinomas and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas: postulating a common tumor entity. Cancer Med 2015; 5:88-99. [PMID: 26645826 PMCID: PMC4708893 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The set definition of distal cholangiocarcinomas and adenocarcinomas of the pancreatic head is challenged by their close anatomical relation, similar growth pattern, and corresponding therapeutic outcome. They show a mutual development during embryologic organ formation and share phenotypic characteristics. This review will highlight the similarities with regard to the common origin of their primary organs, histopathological similarities, and modern clinical management. Thus, we propose to subsume those entities under a common superfamily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa B Schmuck
- General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Christopher Neumann
- General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johann Pratschke
- General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Bahra
- General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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93
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Shukla HD, Mahmood J, Vujaskovic Z. Integrated proteo-genomic approach for early diagnosis and prognosis of cancer. Cancer Lett 2015; 369:28-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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94
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A Boronic Acid-Based Enrichment for Site-Specific Identification of the N-glycoproteome Using MS-Based Proteomics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/7657_2015_94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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95
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Alrifai D, Sarker D, Maher J. Prospects for adoptive immunotherapy of pancreatic cancer using chimeric antigen receptor-engineered T-cells. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2015; 38:50-60. [DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2015.1100204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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96
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Munneke S, Painter GF, Gainsford GJ, Stocker BL, Timmer MS. Total synthesis of LewisX using a late-stage crystalline intermediate. Carbohydr Res 2015; 414:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2015.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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97
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Cohen R, Neuzillet C, Tijeras-Raballand A, Faivre S, de Gramont A, Raymond E. Targeting cancer cell metabolism in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2015; 6:16832-47. [PMID: 26164081 PMCID: PMC4627277 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is expected to become the second leading cause of cancer death by 2030. Current therapeutic options are limited, warranting an urgent need to explore innovative treatment strategies. Due to specific microenvironment constraints including an extensive desmoplastic stroma reaction, PDAC faces major metabolic challenges, principally hypoxia and nutrient deprivation. Their connection with oncogenic alterations such as KRAS mutations has brought metabolic reprogramming to the forefront of PDAC therapeutic research. The Warburg effect, glutamine addiction, and autophagy stand as the most important adaptive metabolic mechanisms of cancer cells themselves, however metabolic reprogramming is also an important feature of the tumor microenvironment, having a major impact on epigenetic reprogramming and tumor cell interactions with its complex stroma. We present a comprehensive overview of the main metabolic adaptations contributing to PDAC development and progression. A review of current and future therapies targeting this range of metabolic pathways is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Cohen
- INSERM U728, Beaujon University Hospital (AP-HP – PRES Paris 7 Diderot), Clichy La Garenne, France
| | - Cindy Neuzillet
- INSERM U728, Beaujon University Hospital (AP-HP – PRES Paris 7 Diderot), Clichy La Garenne, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Henri Mondor University Hospital, Créteil, France
| | | | - Sandrine Faivre
- Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Armand de Gramont
- New Drug Evaluation Laboratory, Centre of Experimental Therapeutics and Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eric Raymond
- Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
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98
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Matsuda A, Kuno A, Nakagawa T, Ikehara Y, Irimura T, Yamamoto M, Nakanuma Y, Miyoshi E, Nakamori S, Nakanishi H, Viwatthanasittiphong C, Srivatanakul P, Miwa M, Shoda J, Narimatsu H. Lectin Microarray-Based Sero-Biomarker Verification Targeting Aberrant O-Linked Glycosylation on Mucin 1. Anal Chem 2015; 87:7274-81. [PMID: 26091356 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b01329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Glycoform of mucin 1 (MUC1) in cancerous cells changes markedly with cell differentiation, and thus, qualitative detection and verification of the MUC1 glycosylation changes have potential diagnostic value. We have developed an ultrasensitive method to detect the changes in cholangiocarcinoma (CC), which produces MUC1, and applied it in the diagnostics development. The focused glycan analysis using 43-lectin-immobilized microarray could obtain the glycan profiles of sialylated MUC1 in 5 μL of sera. The high-throughput analysis detected disease-specific alterations of glycosylation, and the statistical analysis confirmed that use of Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA) alone produced a diagnostic score sufficient for discriminating 33 CC cases from 40 hepatolithiasis patients and 48 normal controls (p < 0.0001). The CC-related glycosylation change was verified by the lectin-antibody sandwich ELISA with WFA in two cohorts: (1) 78 Opisthorchis viverrini infected patients without CC and 78 with CC, (2) 33 CC patients and 40 hepatolithiasis patients (the same cohort used for the above lectin microarray). The WFA positivity distinguished patients with CC (opisthorchiasis: p < 0.0001, odds ratio = 1.047; hepatolithiasis: p = 0.0002, odds ratio = 1.018). Sensitive detection of qualitative alterations of sialylated MUC1 glycosylation is indispensable for the development of our glycodiagnostic test for CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Matsuda
- †Research Center for Medical Glycoscience (RCMG), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Tsukuba Central 2, 1-1-1, Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kuno
- †Research Center for Medical Glycoscience (RCMG), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Tsukuba Central 2, 1-1-1, Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Tomomi Nakagawa
- †Research Center for Medical Glycoscience (RCMG), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Tsukuba Central 2, 1-1-1, Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Yuzuru Ikehara
- †Research Center for Medical Glycoscience (RCMG), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Tsukuba Central 2, 1-1-1, Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Irimura
- ‡Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan
| | - Masakazu Yamamoto
- §Department of Surgery, Institute of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666 Japan
| | - Yasuni Nakanuma
- ∥Department of Human Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641 Japan
| | - Eiji Miyoshi
- ⊥Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Shoji Nakamori
- #National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, 2-1-14 Hoenzaka, Chuo-ku, Osaka 540-0006, Japan
| | - Hayao Nakanishi
- ¶Division of Oncological Pathology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8681, Japan
| | | | - Petcharin Srivatanakul
- ▲National Cancer Institute of Thailand, 268/1 Rama VI, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Masanao Miwa
- ∇Faculty of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266 Tamura-Cho, Nagahama, Shiga 526-0829 Japan
| | - Junichi Shoda
- ⬟Field of Basic Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8574, Japan
| | - Hisashi Narimatsu
- †Research Center for Medical Glycoscience (RCMG), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Tsukuba Central 2, 1-1-1, Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
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Huang C, Zhan T, Liu Y, Li Q, Wu H, Ji D, Li Y. Glycomic profiling of carcinoembryonic antigen isolated from human tumor tissue. Clin Proteomics 2015; 12:17. [PMID: 26157355 PMCID: PMC4495800 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-015-9088-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a protein commonly found in human serum, with elevated CEA levels being linked to the progression of a wide range of tumors. It is currently used as a biomarker for malign tumors such as lung cancer and colorectal cancer [Urol Oncol: Semin Orig Invest 352: 644–648, 2013 and Lung Cancer 80: 45-49, 2013]. However, due to its low specificity in clinical applications, CEA can be used for monitoring only, rather than tumor diagnosis. The function of many glycoproteins is critically dependent on their glycosylation pattern, which in turn has the potential to serve in tumor detection. However, little is known about the detailed glycan patterns of CEA. Methods To determine these patterns, we isolated and purified CEA proteins from human tumor tissues using immunoaffinity chromatography. The glycan patterns of CEA were then analyzed using a Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry3 (MALDI-TOF-MS3) approach. Results We identified 61 glycoforms in tumor tissue, where CEA is upregulated. These glycosylation entities were identified as bi-antennary, tri-antennary and tetra-antennary structures carrying sialic acid and fucose residues, and include a multitude of glycans previously not reported for CEA. Conclusion Our findings should facilitate a more precise tumor prediction than currently possible, ultimately resulting in improved tumor diagnosis and treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12014-015-9088-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuncui Huang
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 P. R. China
| | - Tiancheng Zhan
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Colorectal Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 52 Fucheng Rd., Haidian District, Beijing, 100142 P. R. China
| | - Yaming Liu
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Wu
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 P. R. China
| | - Dengbo Ji
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Colorectal Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 52 Fucheng Rd., Haidian District, Beijing, 100142 P. R. China
| | - Yan Li
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 P. R. China
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100
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Vitiazeva V, Kattla JJ, Flowers SA, Lindén SK, Premaratne P, Weijdegård B, Sundfeldt K, Karlsson NG. The O-Linked Glycome and Blood Group Antigens ABO on Mucin-Type Glycoproteins in Mucinous and Serous Epithelial Ovarian Tumors. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0130197. [PMID: 26075384 PMCID: PMC4468167 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucins are heavily O-glycosylated proteins where the glycosylation has been shown to play an important role in cancer. Normal epithelial ovarian cells do not express secreted mucins, but their abnormal expression has previously been described in epithelial ovarian cancer and may relate to tumor formation and progression. The cyst fluids were shown to be a rich source for acidic glycoproteins. The study of these proteins can potentially lead to the identification of more effective biomarkers for ovarian cancer. METHODS In this study, we analyzed the expression of the MUC5AC and the O-glycosylation of acidic glycoproteins secreted into ovarian cyst fluids. The samples were obtained from patients with serous and mucinous ovarian tumors of different stages (benign, borderline, malignant) and grades. The O-linked oligosaccharides were released and analyzed by negative-ion graphitized carbon Liquid Chromatography (LC) coupled to Electrospray Ionization tandem Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MSn). The LC-ESI-MSn of the oligosaccharides from ovarian cyst fluids displayed differences in expression of fucose containing structures such as blood group ABO antigens and Lewis-type epitopes. RESULTS The obtained data showed that serous and mucinous benign adenomas, mucinous low malignant potential carcinomas (LMPs, borderline) and mucinous low-grade carcinomas have a high level of blood groups and Lewis type epitopes. In contrast, this type of fucosylated structures were low abundant in the high-grade mucinous carcinomas or in serous carcinomas. In addition, the ovarian tumors that showed a high level of expression of blood group antigens also revealed a strong reactivity towards the MUC5AC antibody. To visualize the differences between serous and mucinous ovarian tumors based on the O-glycosylation, a hierarchical cluster analysis was performed using mass spectrometry average compositions (MSAC). CONCLUSION Mucinous benign and LMPs along with mucinous low-grade carcinomas appear to be different from serous and high-grade mucinous carcinomas based on their O-glycan profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varvara Vitiazeva
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Jayesh J. Kattla
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sarah A. Flowers
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sara K. Lindén
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pushpa Premaratne
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Birgitta Weijdegård
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Sundfeldt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Niclas G. Karlsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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