51
|
Ozkok A, Yildiz A. Endothelial Progenitor Cells and Kidney Diseases. Kidney Blood Press Res 2018; 43:701-718. [PMID: 29763891 DOI: 10.1159/000489745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) are bone marrow derived or tissue-resident cells that play major roles in the maintenance of vascular integrity and repair of endothelial damage. Although EPCs may be capable of directly engrafting and regenerating the endothelium, the most important effects of EPCs seem to be depended on paracrine effects. In recent studies, specific microvesicles and mRNAs have been found to mediate the pro-angiogenic and regenerative effects of EPCs on endothelium. EPC counts have important prognostic implications in cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Uremia and inflammation are associated with lower EPC counts which probably contribute to increased CVD risks in patients with chronic kidney disease. Beneficial effects of the EPC therapies have been shown in studies performed on different models of CVD and kidney diseases such as acute and chronic kidney diseases and glomerulonephritis. However, lack of a clear definition and specific marker of EPCs is the most important problem causing difficulties in interpretation of the results of the studies investigating EPCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Ozkok
- University of Health Sciences, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Department of Nephrology, Istanbul, Turkey,
| | - Alaattin Yildiz
- Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nephrology, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Shear stress: An essential driver of endothelial progenitor cells. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 118:46-69. [PMID: 29549046 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The blood flow through vessels produces a tangential, or shear, stress sensed by their innermost layer (i.e., endothelium) and representing a major hemodynamic force. In humans, endothelial repair and blood vessel formation are mainly performed by circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) characterized by a considerable expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), CD34, and CD133, pronounced tube formation activity in vitro, and strong reendothelialization or neovascularization capacity in vivo. EPCs have been proposed as a promising agent to induce reendothelialization of injured arteries, neovascularization of ischemic tissues, and endothelialization or vascularization of bioartificial constructs. A number of preconditioning approaches have been suggested to improve the regenerative potential of EPCs, including the use of biophysical stimuli such as shear stress. However, in spite of well-defined influence of shear stress on mature endothelial cells (ECs), articles summarizing how it affects EPCs are lacking. Here we discuss the impact of shear stress on homing, paracrine effects, and differentiation of EPCs. Unidirectional laminar shear stress significantly promotes homing of circulating EPCs to endothelial injury sites, induces anti-thrombotic and anti-atherosclerotic phenotype of EPCs, increases their capability to form capillary-like tubes in vitro, and enhances differentiation of EPCs into mature ECs in a dose-dependent manner. These effects are mediated by VEGFR2, Tie2, Notch, and β1/3 integrin signaling and can be abrogated by means of complementary siRNA/shRNA or selective pharmacological inhibitors of the respective proteins. Although the testing of sheared EPCs for vascular tissue engineering or regenerative medicine applications is still an unaccomplished task, favorable effects of unidirectional laminar shear stress on EPCs suggest its usefulness for their preconditioning.
Collapse
|
53
|
Zou H, Zhu XX, Ding YH, Zhang GB, Geng Y, Huang DS. Statins in conditions other than hypocholesterolemic effects for chronic subdural hematoma therapy, old drug, new tricks? Oncotarget 2018; 8:27541-27546. [PMID: 28177914 PMCID: PMC5432356 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is one of the most common intracranial hematomas worldwide with a high incidence in the general population. However, the optimum treatment for CSDH is Burr-hole drainage with or without rinse Considering the poor outcomes of CSDH in aged patients, and ambiguous prediction of recurrence in many sides of recurrent CSDHs who have been analyzed, new effective therapies are needed for those CSDHs who are predicated to have poor prognosis for surgery and/or have a higher risk of recurrence. Statins, which is the first-line treatment for patients with high cholesterol and coronary heart disease. However, statins are still not solely limited in the treatment of these diseases. It has been demonstrated that statins could improve CSDH due to its effect of regulation of angiogenesis and inflammation. In this review, in order to provide potential new treatment for CSDH we summarize the recent findings of statins in CSDH in order to try to clarify the mechanisms of this effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai Zou
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xing-Xing Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Hui Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guo-Bing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Geng
- Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is 40 years old this year. From its humble beginnings of experimental work, PCI has transitioned over years with coronary artery stenting now a standard medical procedure performed throughout the world. Areas covered: The conversion from plain old balloon angioplasty (POBA) to the present era of drug eluting stents (DES) has been driven by many technological advances and large bodies of clinical trial evidence. The journey to present day practice has seen many setbacks, such as acute vessel closure with POBA; rates of instant restenosis with bare metal stents (BMS) and more recently, high rates of stent thrombosis with bioabsorbable platforms. This work discusses POBA, why there was a need for BMS, the use of inhibiting drugs to create 1st generation DES, the change of components to 2nd generation DES, the use of absorbable drug reservoirs and platforms, and possible future directions with Prohealing Endothelial Progenitor Cell Capture Stents. Expert commentary: This paper reviews the evolution from the original pioneering work to modern day practice, highlighting landmark trials that changed practice. Modern day contemporary practice is now very safe based on the latest drug eluting stents and supported by large datasets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Naveed Ahmed
- a Cardiology , St Michael's Hospital Toronto , Toronto , Canada
| | - Michael Kutryk
- a Cardiology , St Michael's Hospital Toronto , Toronto , Canada
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase overexpressing human early outgrowth cells inhibit coronary artery smooth muscle cell migration through paracrine functions. Sci Rep 2018; 8:877. [PMID: 29343714 PMCID: PMC5772515 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18848-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells mobilized from the bone marrow can contribute to endothelial regeneration and repair. Nevertheless, cardiovascular diseases are associated with diminished numbers and function of these cells, attenuating their healing potential. Gene transfer of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) can restore the activity of circulating cells. Furthermore, estrogen accelerates the reendothelialization capacity of early outgrowth cells (EOCs). We hypothesized that overexpressing eNOS alone or in combination with estrogen stimulation in EOCs would potentiate the beneficial effects of these cells in regulating smooth muscle cell (SMC) function. Native human EOCs did not have any effect on human coronary artery SMC (hCASMC) proliferation or migration. Transfecting EOCs with a human eNOS plasmid and/or stimulating with 17β-estradiol (E2) increased NO production 3-fold and enhanced EOC survival. Moreover, in co-culture studies, eNOS overexpressing or E2-stimulated EOCs reduced hCASMC migration (by 23% and 56% respectively), vs. control EOCs. These effects do not implicate ERK1/2 or focal adhesion kinases. Nevertheless, NOS-EOCs had no effect on hCASMC proliferation. These results suggest that overexpressing or activating eNOS in EOCs increases their survival and enhances their capacity to regulate SMC migration through paracrine effects. These data elucidate how eNOS overexpression or activation in EOCs can prevent vascular remodeling.
Collapse
|
56
|
Wang D, Li LK, Dai T, Wang A, Li S. Adult Stem Cells in Vascular Remodeling. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:815-829. [PMID: 29344309 PMCID: PMC5771096 DOI: 10.7150/thno.19577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the contribution of vascular cells to blood vessel remodeling is critical for the development of new therapeutic approaches to cure cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and regenerate blood vessels. Recent findings suggest that neointimal formation and atherosclerotic lesions involve not only inflammatory cells, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells, but also several types of stem cells or progenitors in arterial walls and the circulation. Some of these stem cells also participate in the remodeling of vascular grafts, microvessel regeneration, and formation of fibrotic tissue around biomaterial implants. Here we review the recent findings on how adult stem cells participate in CVD development and regeneration as well as the current state of clinical trials in the field, which may lead to new approaches for cardiovascular therapies and tissue engineering.
Collapse
|
57
|
Abstract
Liver transplantation is the most effective treatment for selected patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. However, cancer recurrence, posttransplantation, remains to be the critical issue that affects the long-term outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma recipients. In addition to tumor biology itself, increasing evidence demonstrates that acute-phase liver graft injury is a result of hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury (which is an inevitable consequence during liver transplantation) and may promote cancer recurrence at late phase posttransplantation. The liver grafts from living donors, donors after cardiac death, and steatotic donors have been considered as promising sources of organs for liver transplantation and are associated with high incidence of liver graft injury. The acute-phase liver graft injury will trigger a series of inflammatory cascades, which may not only activate the cell signaling pathways regulating the tumor cell invasion and migration but also mobilize the circulating progenitor and immune cells to facilitate tumor recurrence and metastasis. The injured liver graft may also provide the favorable microenvironment for tumor cell growth, migration, and invasion through the disturbance of microcirculatory barrier function, induction of hypoxia and angiogenesis. This review aims to summarize the latest findings about the role and mechanisms of liver graft injury resulted from hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury on tumor recurrence posttransplantation, both in clinical and animal cohorts.
Collapse
|
58
|
Abstract
The dysfunction of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) was found to be associated with vascular complications in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. Previous studies found that regular exercise could improve the function of EPCs in DM patients, but the underling mechanism was unclear. Irisin, a newly identified myokine, was induced by exercise and has been demonstrated to mediate some of the positive effects of exercise. In this study, we hypothesize that irisin may have direct effects on EPC function in DM mice. These data showed for the first time that irisin increased the number of EPCs in peripheral blood of DM mice and improved the function of EPCs derived from DM mice bone marrow. The mechanism for the effect of irisin is related to the PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway. Furthermore, irisin was demonstrated to improve endothelial repair in DM mice that received EPC transplants after carotid artery injury. The results of this study indicate a novel effect of irisin in regulating the number and function of EPCs via the PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway, suggesting a potential for the administration of exogenous irisin as a succedaneum to improve EPC function in diabetic patients who fail to achieve such improvements through regular exercise.
Collapse
|
59
|
Li X, Hacker M. Molecular imaging in stem cell-based therapies of cardiac diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 120:71-88. [PMID: 28734900 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In the past 15years, despite that regenerative medicine has shown great potential for cardiovascular diseases, the outcome and safety of stem cell transplantation has shown controversial results in the published literature. Medical imaging might be useful for monitoring and quantifying transplanted cells within the heart and to serially characterize the effects of stem cell therapy of the myocardium. From the multiple available noninvasive imaging techniques, magnetic resonance imaging and nuclear imaging by positron (PET) or single photon emission computer tomography (SPECT) are the most used clinical approaches to follow the fate of transplanted stem cells in vivo. In this article, we provide a review on the role of different noninvasive imaging modalities and discuss their advantages and disadvantages. We focus on the different in-vivo labeling and reporter gene imaging strategies for stem cell tracking as well as the concept and reliability to use imaging parameters as noninvasive surrogate endpoints for the evaluation of the post-therapeutic outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Marcus Hacker
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Abstract
Vascular complications contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality of diabetes mellitus. The primary cause of vascular complications in diabetes mellitus is hyperglycaemia, associated with endothelial dysfunction and impaired neovascularization. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells was shown to play important roles in vascular repair and promoting neovascularization. In this review, we will demonstrate the individual effect of high glucose on endothelial progenitor cells. Endothelial progenitor cells isolated from healthy subjects exposed to high glucose conditions or endothelial progenitor cells isolated from diabetic patients exhibit reduced number of endothelial cell colony forming units, impaired abilities of differentiation, proliferation, adhesion and migration, tubulization, secretion, mobilization and homing, whereas enhanced senescence. Increased production of reactive oxygen species by the mitochondria seems to play a crucial role in high glucose-induced endothelial progenitor cells deficit. Later, we will review the agents that might be used to alleviate dysfunction of endothelial progenitor cells induced by high glucose. The conclusions are that the relationship between hyperglycaemia and endothelial progenitor cells dysfunction is only beginning to be recognized, and future studies should pay more attention to the haemodynamic environment of endothelial progenitor cells and ageing factors to discover novel treatment agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Kang
- 1 Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of the Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuejiao Ma
- 1 Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of the Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- 1 Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of the Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Yubo Fan
- 1 Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of the Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- 2 National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Deng
- 1 Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of the Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Rudenko TE, Bobkova IN, Kamyshova ES, Gorelova IA. [Role of the mechanisms of replicative cellular senescence in structural and functional changes of the vascular wall in chronic kidney disease]. TERAPEVT ARKH 2017; 89:102-109. [PMID: 28745697 DOI: 10.17116/terarkh2017896102-109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This review considers the mechanisms and risk factors for the development of replicative cellular senescence of the vascular wall in patients with CKD and discusses therapeutic approaches to slowing the accelerated vascular aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T E Rudenko
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - I N Bobkova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - E S Kamyshova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - I A Gorelova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Ferratge S, Boyer J, Arouch N, Chevalier F, Uzan G. Circulating endothelial progenitors in vascular repair. Biomed Mater Eng 2017; 28:S65-S74. [PMID: 28372279 DOI: 10.3233/bme-171625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial Colony Forming Cells (ECFCs) are obtained in culture from Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells. They display all characteristics of endothelial cells and they display stem cells features. Cord blood-derived ECFCs (CB-ECFCs) have a high clonogenic and proliferative potentials, and exhibit vascular repair capabilities useful for the treatment of ischemic diseases. However, the link between immaturity and functional properties of CB-ECFCs is still poorly defined. We showed that these cells have a high clonogenic potential and are capable to be efficiently reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells. Moreover, we analyzed the expression of a broad panel of genes involved in embryonic stem cell properties. We define a novel stem cell transcriptional signature for CB-ECFCs fora better characterization and stratification according to their stem cell profile. We then improved the yield of CB-ECFC production for obtaining cells more functional in fewer passages. We used Glycosaminoglycans (GAG), components from the extracellular matrix which potentiate heparin binding growth factor activities. GAG mimetics were designed, having the capacity to increase the yield of ECFC during the isolation process, to increase the number of colonies, improve adhesion, proliferation, migration and self-renewal. GAG mimetics have thus great interest for vascular regeneration in combination with ECFC. Our results show that CB-ECFC are immature cells harboring specific functions such as formation of colonies, proliferation and formation of vascular structures in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Ferratge
- Inserm U1197, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Bâtiment Lavoisier, 12-14 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94807 Villejuif Cedex, France
| | - J Boyer
- Inserm U1197, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Bâtiment Lavoisier, 12-14 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94807 Villejuif Cedex, France
| | - N Arouch
- Inserm U1197, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Bâtiment Lavoisier, 12-14 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94807 Villejuif Cedex, France
| | - F Chevalier
- Inserm U1197, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Bâtiment Lavoisier, 12-14 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94807 Villejuif Cedex, France
| | - G Uzan
- Inserm U1197, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Bâtiment Lavoisier, 12-14 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94807 Villejuif Cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Impact of statin therapy intensity on endothelial progenitor cells after percutaneous coronary intervention in diabetic patients. The REMEDY-EPC late study. Int J Cardiol 2017; 244:112-118. [PMID: 28668399 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.06.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A low number (that is, ≤0.0038 per 100 peripheral mononuclear cells) of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) is common in diabetic patients. Statins increase EPC levels. It is unclear whether intensity of statin therapy has a different impact on EPC levels. METHODS Diabetic patients undergoing drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation were randomized to 1) High intensity statin therapy (atorvastatin 80mg/day; n=66) or 2) Moderate intensity statin therapy (atorvastatin 20mg/day; n=64). EPC levels were assessed at baseline, 24h and 3months. Endpoints assessed at 3months were 1) changes in the proportion of patients with low EPC levels, and 2) uncovered struts rate and neointima growth evaluated by optical coherence tomography. RESULTS Low EPC levels rate significantly decreased in the High intensity statin therapy group (from 31.7% to 12.7%; p=0.017) but not in the Moderate intensity statin therapy group (from 25.5% to 21.8%; p=0.81). Uncovered struts rate was similar in the 2 groups (2.4±2.6% vs 2.3±2.2%; p=0.82), whereas mean neointima area and volume were lower in the High intensity statin therapy group (0.68±0.69 vs 1.22±1.29mm2; p=0.001; and, respectively, 13.10±5.77 vs 20.19±24.08mm3; p=0.042). CONCLUSIONS In diabetic patients, a high intensity statin therapy 1) significantly increases EPC levels and decreases in-stent neointima area and volume, and 2) does not have an impact on the degree of stent re-endothelialization at 3months after DES implantation.
Collapse
|
64
|
Ding DC, Shyu WC, Lin SZ, Li H. The Role of Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Ischemic Cerebral and Heart Diseases. Cell Transplant 2017; 16:273-84. [PMID: 17503738 DOI: 10.3727/000000007783464777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart and cerebral diseases are complex clinical syndromes. Endothelial dysfunction caused by dysfunctional endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) is thought to play a major role in pathophysiology of both types of disease. Healthy EPCs may be able to replace the dysfunctional endothelium through endogenous repair mechanisms. EPC levels are changed in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease and EPCs may play a role in the pathophysiology of these diseases. EPCs are also a marker for preventive and therapeutic interventions. Homing of EPCs to ischemic sites is a mechanism of ischemic tissue repair, and molecules such as stromal-derived factor-1 and integrin may play a role in EPC homing in ischemic disease. Potentiation of the function and numbers of EPCs as well as combining EPCs with other pharmaceutical agents may improve the condition of ischemia patients. However, the precise role of EPCs in ischemic heart and cerebral disease and their therapeutic potential still remain to be explored. Here, we discuss the identification, mobilization, and clinical implications of EPCs in ischemic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dah-Ching Ding
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
65
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The pathogenic events responsible for the reduction of endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) number and function seen in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) are poorly understood. Here we investigate the hypothesis that increased concentrations of urea associated with CRF increase ROS production directly in EPCs, causing abnormalities associated with coronary artery disease risk. METHODS Human EPCs were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy donors and cultured in the presence or absence of 20 mmol/L urea. RESULTS Urea at concentrations seen in CRF induced ROS production in cultured EPCs. Urea-induced ROS reduced the number of endothelial cell colony forming units, uptake and binding of Dil-Ac-LDL and lectin-1, and the ability to differentiate into CD31- and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2-positive cells. Moreover, urea-induced ROS generation accelerated the onset of EPC senescence, leading to a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Normalization of mitochondrial ROS production prevented each of these effects of urea. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that urea itself causes both reduced EPC number and increased EPC dysfunction, thereby contributing to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease in CRF patients.
Collapse
|
66
|
Shimizu Y, Sato S, Koyamatsu J, Yamanashi H, Nagayoshi M, Kadota K, Kawashiri SY, Maeda T. Association between high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and hypertension in relation to circulating CD34-positive cell levels. J Physiol Anthropol 2017; 36:26. [PMID: 28619079 PMCID: PMC5472883 DOI: 10.1186/s40101-017-0143-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL) level is inversely correlated with cardiovascular events, HDL is also reported to be positively associated with hypertension, which is a known endothelial impairment factor. Since HDL mediates important protective actions on the vascular endothelium by increasing the number of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (CD34-positive cells), the level of circulating CD34-positive cells should influence the association between HDL and hypertension. Methods To investigate the association between HDL and hypertension in relation to the level of circulating CD34-positive cells, we conducted a cross-sectional study of 477 elderly men aged 60–69 years who participated in general health checkup. Results HDL was found to be significantly positively associated with hypertension in subjects with a high level of circulating CD34-positive cells, while no significant association was observed for subjects with low circulating CD34-positive cells. Known cardiovascular risk factors adjusted odds (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of hypertension for increments of one standard deviation (SD) in HDL (13.8 mg/dL) were 1.44 (1.06, 1.96) for subjects with a high level of circulating CD34-positive cells and 0.87 (0.63, 1.19) for subjects with low circulating CD34-positive cells. We also revealed a significant association between HDL level and CD34-positive cell level on hypertension, with fully adjusted p values for the effect of this interaction on hypertension at 0.022. Conclusions Independent of known cardiovascular risk factors, HDL was found to be positively associated with hypertension in subjects with a high level of circulating CD34-positive cells but not for subjects with low circulating CD34-positive cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Shimizu
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan. .,Department of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Osaka Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Shimpei Sato
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyusyu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jun Koyamatsu
- Department of Island and Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hirotomo Yamanashi
- Department of Island and Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Mako Nagayoshi
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Koichiro Kadota
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shin-Ya Kawashiri
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takahiro Maeda
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Department of Island and Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
The Effect of Atorvastatin on the Viability of Ischemic Skin Flaps in Diabetic Rats. Plast Reconstr Surg 2017; 139:425e-433e. [PMID: 28121873 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000002984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial progenitor cells play a critical role in neovascularization. However, the mobilization, recruitment, and functional capacity of endothelial progenitor cells are significantly impaired in diabetes. Statins have been shown to augment the number and improve the function of endothelial progenitor cells. This study investigated the effects of statins on the viability of ischemic skin flaps in diabetic rats. METHODS Twenty normal and 40 diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats were included in this study. Atorvastatin (10 mg/kg/day) was administered orally in 20 diabetic rats at 2 weeks before flap surgery for 21 consecutive days. Other rats received equal vehicle. Two weeks after first gavage, a 3 × 10-cm skin flap was established on the backs of rats. The necrotic area of each skin flap was measured at 7 days postoperatively. Capillary density and endothelial progenitor cells recruited to the flaps were analyzed using immunofluorescence staining. Circulating endothelial progenitor cell number was determined by flow cytometry. In vitro migration and tube formation experiments were used to analyze the function of endothelial progenitor cells. RESULTS Atorvastatin treatment increased flap survival rate and capillary density. In addition, more endothelial progenitor cells were identified in peripheral blood and skin flaps in diabetic rats receiving atorvastatin. Atorvastatin treatment also restored the impaired function of diabetic endothelial progenitor cells in migration and tube formation. CONCLUSION Atorvastatin notably promoted neovascularization and enhanced the viability of ischemic skin flaps in diabetic rats, which may be mediated at least partially by augmenting the number and restoring the functional capacity of endothelial progenitor cells.
Collapse
|
68
|
Xian X, Sakurai T, Kamiyoshi A, Ichikawa-Shindo Y, Tanaka M, Koyama T, Kawate H, Yang L, Liu T, Imai A, Zhai L, Hirabayashi K, Dai K, Tanimura K, Liu T, Cui N, Igarashi K, Yamauchi A, Shindo T. Vasoprotective Activities of the Adrenomedullin-RAMP2 System in Endothelial Cells. Endocrinology 2017; 158:1359-1372. [PMID: 28324104 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Neointimal hyperplasia is the primary lesion underlying atherosclerosis and restenosis after coronary intervention. We previously described the essential angiogenic function of the adrenomedullin (AM)-receptor activity-modifying protein (RAMP) 2 system. In the present study, we assessed the vasoprotective actions of the endogenous AM-RAMP2 system using a wire-induced vascular injury model. We found that neointima formation and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation were enhanced in RAMP2+/- male mice. The injured vessels from RAMP2+/- mice showed greater macrophage infiltration, inflammatory cytokine expression, and oxidative stress than vessels from wild-type mice and less re-endothelialization. After endothelial cell-specific RAMP2 deletion in drug-inducible endothelial cell-specific RAMP2-/- (DI-E-RAMP2-/-) male mice, we observed markedly greater neointima formation than in control mice. In addition, neointima formation after vessel injury was enhanced in mice receiving bone marrow transplants from RAMP2+/- or DI-E-RAMP2-/- mice, indicating that bone marrow-derived cells contributed to the enhanced neointima formation. Finally, we found that the AM-RAMP2 system augmented proliferation and migration of endothelial progenitor cells. These results demonstrate that the AM-RAMP2 system exerts crucial vasoprotective effects after vascular injury and could be a therapeutic target for the treatment of vascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xian Xian
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Takayuki Sakurai
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Akiko Kamiyoshi
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yuka Ichikawa-Shindo
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Megumu Tanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Teruhide Koyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Hisaka Kawate
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 0050017, China
| | - Tian Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Akira Imai
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Liuyu Zhai
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Hirabayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Kun Dai
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Keiya Tanimura
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Teng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Nanqi Cui
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | | | | | - Takayuki Shindo
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
The inhibitory effects of polysaccharide peptides (PsP) of Ganoderma lucidum against atherosclerosis in rats with dyslipidemia. Heart Int 2017; 12:e1-e7. [PMID: 29114382 PMCID: PMC5460693 DOI: 10.5301/heartint.5000234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Atherosclerosis occurs as a result of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) deposits oxidation. Endothelial dysfunction is an early process of atherosclerosis. Restoring endothelial lining back to normal by endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) is critical for slowing or reversing vascular disease progression. Oxidative stress from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is increased in dyslipidemia so that antioxidant agent is required to prevent destruction of blood vessels. Objectives This study aims to report Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptide (PsP) effects in atherogenic process by measuring H2O2 level, IL-10 level, and EPC number in blood serum, and also intima-media thickness of aorta in dyslipidemia Wistar rat model by giving them a hypercholesterol diet (HCD). Materials and methods The study was an experimental in vivo post-test with control group design. Thirty-five Wistar rats (Rattus norwegicus) were divided into five groups (normal diet group, HCD group, and hypercholesterol groups that received 50 mg/kg, 150 mg/kg, and 300 mg/kg bodyweight PsP). Results Each treatment group showed significant results for the administration of PsP using the one-way analysis of variance test (p<0.050) for the reduction of H2O2 (p = 0.003), levels of IL-10 (p = 0.027), number of EPC in the blood serum (p = 0.011), and the intima-media thickness of the aorta (p = 0.000). PsP from G. lucidum is a potent antioxidant and may prevent atherogenesis process in patients with dyslipidemia. Conclusions The optimum doses of PsP in this study is 300 mg/kg bodyweight. Further studies are required to determine the antioxidant effects of PsP G. lucidum and its benefits in the management of dyslipidemia.
Collapse
|
70
|
Endothelial progenitor cells in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and emphysema. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173446. [PMID: 28291826 PMCID: PMC5349667 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial injury is implicated in the pathogenesis of COPD and emphysema; however the role of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), a marker of endothelial cell repair, and circulating endothelial cells (CECs), a marker of endothelial cell injury, in COPD and its subphenotypes is unresolved. We hypothesized that endothelial progenitor cell populations would be decreased in COPD and emphysema and that circulating endothelial cells would be increased. Associations with other subphenotypes were examined. The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis COPD Study recruited smokers with COPD and controls age 50–79 years without clinical cardiovascular disease. Endothelial progenitor cell populations (CD34+KDR+ and CD34+KDR+CD133+ cells) and circulating endothelial cells (CD45dimCD31+CD146+CD133-) were measured by flow cytometry. COPD was defined by standard spirometric criteria. Emphysema was assessed qualitatively and quantitatively on CT. Full pulmonary function testing and expiratory CTs were measured in a subset. Among 257 participants, both endothelial progenitor cell populations, and particularly CD34+KDR+ endothelial progenitor cells, were reduced in COPD. The CD34+KDR+CD133+ endothelial progenitor cells were associated inversely with emphysema extent. Both endothelial progenitor cell populations were associated inversely with extent of panlobular emphysema and positively with diffusing capacity. Circulating endothelial cells were not significantly altered in COPD but were inversely associated with pulmonary microvascular blood flow on MRI. There was no consistent association of endothelial progenitor cells or circulating endothelial cells with measures of gas trapping. These data provide evidence that endothelial repair is impaired in COPD and suggest that this pathological process is specific to emphysema.
Collapse
|
71
|
Elahi MM, Matata BM. Effects of maternal high-fat diet and statin treatment on bone marrow endothelial progenitor cells and cardiovascular risk factors in female mice offspring fed a similar diet. Nutrition 2017; 35:6-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
72
|
Briguori C, Madonna R, Zimarino M, Calabrò P, Quintavalle C, Salomone M, Condorelli G, De Caterina R. Rosuvastatin for Reduction of Myocardial Damage during Coronary Angioplasty - the Remedy Trial. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2017; 30:465-472. [PMID: 27358173 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-016-6672-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periprocedural myocardial infarction (MI) is a frequent complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Statins might reduce its incidence. The aims of the present study are to assess whether such benefit is a class-effect or whether differences exist between various lipid-lowering strategies and whether cardioprotection is exerted by increasing circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). METHODS The REMEDY study will enroll a total of 1080 patients submitted to elective PCI. Eligible patients will be randomized into 4 groups: 1) placebo; 2) atorvastatin (80 mg + 40 mg before PCI); 3) rosuvastatin (40 mg twice before PCI); and 4) rosuvastatin (5 mg) and ezetimibe (10 mg) twice before PCI. Peri-procedural MI is defined as an elevation of markers of cardiac injury (either CK-MB or troponin I or T) values >5x the upper reference limit estimated at the 99th percentile of the normal distribution, or a rise >20 % in case of baseline values already elevated. EPCs will be assessed before, at 24 h and - in a subset of diabetic patients - at 3 months after PCI (EPC-substudies). The primary endpoint of the main REMEDY study is the rate of peri-procedural MI in each of the 4 treatment arms. Secondary endpoints are the combined occurrence of 1-month major adverse events (MACE, including death, MI, or the need for unplanned revascularization); and any post-procedural increase in serum creatinine. Endpoints of the EPC-substudies are the impact of tested regimens on 1) early (24-h) and 3-month EPC levels and functional activity; 2) stent strut re-endothelialization and neointimal hyperplasia; 3) 1-year MACE. REMEDY will add important information on the cardioprotective effects of statins after PCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rosalinda Madonna
- Institute of Cardiology and Center of Excellence on Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University - Chieti, C/o Ospedale SS. Annunziata, Via dei Vestini, 66013, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Zimarino
- Institute of Cardiology and Center of Excellence on Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University - Chieti, C/o Ospedale SS. Annunziata, Via dei Vestini, 66013, Chieti, Italy
| | - Paolo Calabrò
- Department of Cardiothoracic Sciences, Monaldi Hospital, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina Quintavalle
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, "Federico II" University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Salomone
- Dimensione Ricerca, Milan, Italy.,ES Health Science Foundation, Lugo, Italy
| | - Gerolama Condorelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, "Federico II" University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele De Caterina
- Institute of Cardiology and Center of Excellence on Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University - Chieti, C/o Ospedale SS. Annunziata, Via dei Vestini, 66013, Chieti, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Sandhu K, Mamas M, Butler R. Endothelial progenitor cells: Exploring the pleiotropic effects of statins. World J Cardiol 2017; 9:1-13. [PMID: 28163831 PMCID: PMC5253189 DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v9.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Statins have become a cornerstone of risk modification for ischaemic heart disease patients. A number of studies have shown that they are effective and safe. However studies have observed an early benefit in terms of a reduction in recurrent infarct and or death after a myocardial infarction, prior to any significant change in lipid profile. Therefore, pleiotropic mechanisms, other than lowering lipid profile alone, must account for this effect. One such proposed pleiotropic mechanism is the ability of statins to augment both number and function of endothelial progenitor cells. The ability to augment repair and maintenance of a functioning endothelium may have profound beneficial effect on vascular repair and potentially a positive impact on clinical outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease. The following literature review will discuss issues surrounding endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) identification, role in vascular repair, factors affecting EPC numbers, the role of statins in current medical practice and their effects on EPC number.
Collapse
|
74
|
Progenitor Cells for Arterial Repair: Incremental Advancements towards Therapeutic Reality. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:8270498. [PMID: 28232850 PMCID: PMC5292398 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8270498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronary revascularization remains the standard treatment for obstructive coronary artery disease and can be accomplished by either percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Considerable advances have rendered PCI the most common form of revascularization and improved clinical outcomes. However, numerous challenges to modern PCI remain, namely, in-stent restenosis and stent thrombosis, underscoring the importance of understanding the vessel wall response to injury to identify targets for intervention. Among recent promising discoveries, endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have garnered considerable interest given an increasing appreciation of their role in vascular homeostasis and their ability to promote vascular repair after stent placement. Circulating EPC numbers have been inversely correlated with cardiovascular risk, while administration of EPCs in humans has demonstrated improved clinical outcomes. Despite these encouraging results, however, advancing EPCs as a therapeutic modality has been hampered by a fundamental roadblock: what constitutes an EPC? We review current definitions and sources of EPCs as well as the proposed mechanisms of EPC-mediated vascular repair. Additionally, we discuss the current state of EPCs as therapeutic agents, focusing on endogenous augmentation and transplantation.
Collapse
|
75
|
Mou Y, Yue Z, Zhang H, Shi X, Zhang M, Chang X, Gao H, Li R, Wang Z. High quality in vitro expansion of human endothelial progenitor cells of human umbilical vein origin. Int J Med Sci 2017; 14:294-301. [PMID: 28367090 PMCID: PMC5370292 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.18137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The limited availability of qualified endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) is a major challenge for regenerative medicine. In the present study, we isolated human EPCs from human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by using magnetic micro-beads coated with an antibody against human CD34. Flow cytometric assay showed that majority of these cells expressed VEGFR2 (KDR), CD34 and CD133, three molecular markers for early EPCs. It was also found that a bioreactor micro-carrier cell culture system (bio-MCCS) was superior to dish culture for in vitro expansion of EPCs. It expanded more EPCs which were in the early stage, as shown by the expression of characteristic molecular markers and had better angiogenic potential, as shown by matrix-gel based in vitro angiogenesis assay. These results suggest that HUVECs might be a novel promising resource of EPCs for regenerative medicine and that a bio-MCCS cell culture system might be broadly used for in vitro expansion of EPCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Mou
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China;; The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhen Yue
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haiying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xu Shi
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China;; The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mingrui Zhang
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaona Chang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ronggui Li
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zonggui Wang
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Özcan B, Leenen PJM, Delhanty PJD, Baldéon-Rojas LY, Neggers SJ, van der Lely AJ. Unacylated ghrelin modulates circulating angiogenic cell number in insulin-resistant states. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2017; 9:43. [PMID: 28572856 PMCID: PMC5452348 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-017-0239-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with reduced numbers and impaired function of circulating angiogenic cells (CAC) which contributes to the progression of atherosclerosis and microvascular disease. Previous studies suggest that short-term infusion of unacylated ghrelin (UAG) normalizes CAC number in patients with T2D. To determine dose-dependent effects of short-term infusion of UAG in T2D patients using a cross-over model, and of long-term infusion of UAG in obese mice, on differentiation of monocyte progenitors into CAC. METHODS Eight overweight T2D patients were infused overnight with 3 and 10 µg/kg/h of UAG in a double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study. To assess the effects of long-term UAG treatment, obese mice were infused with UAG for 4 weeks. Monocyte progenitors were assessed for their ability to differentiate into CAC in vitro. RESULTS In T2D patients, UAG treatment caused a reduction in differentiation of CAC, dependent on UAG dose and differentiation method. However, mice treated with UAG showed a significant increase in differentiation of bone marrow progenitors into CAC. CONCLUSION UAG causes a minor suppressive effect on CAC development after short-term treatment in humans, but experiments in mice suggest that long-term treatment has beneficial effects on CAC formation. The Netherlands Trial Register: TC=2487.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Behiye Özcan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
77
|
Pivotal Cytoprotective Mediators and Promising Therapeutic Strategies for Endothelial Progenitor Cell-Based Cardiovascular Regeneration. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:8340257. [PMID: 28090210 PMCID: PMC5206447 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8340257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including atherosclerosis, stroke, and myocardial infarction, is a major cause of death worldwide. In aspects of cell therapy against CVD, it is generally accepted that endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are potent neovascular modulators in ischemic tissues. In response to ischemic injury signals, EPCs located in a bone marrow niche migrate to injury sites and form new vessels by secreting various vasculogenic factors including VEGF, SDF-1, and FGF, as well as by directly differentiating into endothelial cells. Nonetheless, in ischemic tissues, most of engrafted EPCs do not survive under harsh ischemic conditions and nutrient depletion. Therefore, an understanding of diverse EPC-related cytoprotective mediators underlying EPC homeostasis in ischemic tissues may help to overcome current obstacles for EPC-mediated cell therapy for CVDs. Additionally, to enhance EPC's functional capacity at ischemic sites, multiple strategies for cell survival should be considered, that is, preconditioning of EPCs with function-targeting drugs including natural compounds and hormones, virus mediated genetic modification, combined therapy with other stem/progenitor cells, and conglomeration with biomaterials. In this review, we discuss multiple cytoprotective mediators of EPC-based cardiovascular repair and propose promising therapeutic strategies for the treatment of CVDs.
Collapse
|
78
|
Akyol S, Lu J, Akyol O, Akcay F, Armutcu F, Ke LY, Chen CH. The role of electronegative low-density lipoprotein in cardiovascular diseases and its therapeutic implications. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2016; 27:239-246. [PMID: 28040327 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a health problem of great concern to both the public and medical authorities. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) has been reported to play an important role in both the development and progression of CVD, but studies are underway to determine how LDL exerts its effects. In recent years, it has been found that LDL has several subfractions, each of which affects endothelial function differently; L5, the most electronegative fraction, has been shown to be unique in that it induces an atherogenic response. This review examines the current knowledge concerning the relationships between L5 and CVD and highlights the role of L5 in the pathophysiology of CVD, especially with regards to atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sumeyya Akyol
- Vascular & Medicinal Research, Texas Heart Institute, 6770 Bertner Avenue, MC 2-255, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Turgut Ozal University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Jonathan Lu
- Vascular & Medicinal Research, Texas Heart Institute, 6770 Bertner Avenue, MC 2-255, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Omer Akyol
- Vascular & Medicinal Research, Texas Heart Institute, 6770 Bertner Avenue, MC 2-255, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatih Akcay
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ferah Armutcu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Liang-Yin Ke
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Chu-Huang Chen
- Vascular & Medicinal Research, Texas Heart Institute, 6770 Bertner Avenue, MC 2-255, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Activation of Protein Kinase G (PKG) Reduces Neointimal Hyperplasia, Inhibits Platelet Aggregation, and Facilitates Re-endothelialization. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36979. [PMID: 27833146 PMCID: PMC5105062 DOI: 10.1038/srep36979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In spite of its great success in reducing restenosis, drug-eluting stent (DES) has unfavorable aspects such as stent thrombosis and delayed re-endothelialization. We examined the effects of PKG activation by Exisulind on neointimal formation, platelet aggregation, and re-endothelialization. Exisulind significantly reduced VSMCs viability, cell cycle progression, migration, and neointimal hyperplasia after vascular injury in rat carotid arteries. Interestingly, in contrast to the effect on VSMC viability, Exisulind did not reduce the viability of endothelial cells. Increased PKG activity by Exisulind inhibited PDGF-stimulated phenotype change of VSMCs from a contractile to a synthetic form. Conversely, the use of PKG inhibitor or gene transfer of dominant-negative PKG reversed the effects of Exisulind, resulting in the increased viability of VSMCs and neointimal formation. In addition, Exisulind facilitated the differentiation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to endothelial lineage via PKG pathway, while inhibiting to VSMCs lineage, which was correlated with the enhanced re-endothelialization in vivo. Finally, Exisulind reduced platelet aggregation, which was mediated via PKG activation. This study demonstrated that Exisulind inhibits neointimal formation and platelet aggregation while increasing re-endothelialization via PKG pathway. These findings suggest that Exisulind could be a promising candidate drug of DES for the prevention of restenosis without other complications.
Collapse
|
80
|
Recchioni R, Marcheselli F, Antonicelli R, Lazzarini R, Mensà E, Testa R, Procopio AD, Olivieri F. Physical activity and progenitor cell-mediated endothelial repair in chronic heart failure: Is there a role for epigenetics? Mech Ageing Dev 2016; 159:71-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
|
81
|
Li Y, Zhou Q, Pei C, Liu B, Li M, Fang L, Sun Y, Li Y, Meng S. Hyperglycemia and Advanced Glycation End Products Regulate miR-126 Expression in Endothelial Progenitor Cells. J Vasc Res 2016; 53:94-104. [DOI: 10.1159/000448713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
82
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a devastating disease process with a 40% mortality rate, and for which there is no therapy. Stem cells are an exciting potential therapy for ARDS, and are currently the subject of intensive ongoing research efforts. We review data concerning the therapeutic promise of cell-based therapies for ARDS. RECENT FINDINGS Recent experimental studies suggest that cell-based therapies, particularly mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), endothelial progenitor cells, and embryonic or induced pluripotent stem cells all offer considerable promise for ARDS. Of these cell types, mesenchymal stromal cells offer the greatest potential for allogeneic therapy, given the large body of preclinical data supporting their use, and the advanced state of our understanding of their diverse mechanisms of action. Although other stem cells such as EPCs also have therapeutic potential, greater barriers exist, particularly the requirement for autologous EPC therapy. Other stem cells, such as ESCs and iPSCs, are at an earlier stage in the translational process, but offer the hope of directly replacing injured lung tissue. Ultimately, lung-derived stem cells may offer the greatest hope for lung diseases, given their homeostatic role in replacing and repairing damaged native lung tissues.MSCs are currently in early phase clinical trials, the results of which will be of critical importance to subsequent translational efforts for MSCs in ARDS. A number of translational challenges exist, including minimizing variability in cell batches, developing standard tests for cell potency, and producing large amounts of clinical-grade cells for use in patients. SUMMARY Cell-based therapies, particularly MSCs, offer considerable promise for the treatment of ARDS. Overcoming translational challenges will be important to fully realizing their therapeutic potential for ARDS.
Collapse
|
83
|
Hassanpour M, Cheraghi O, Siavashi V, Rahbarghazi R, Nouri M. A reversal of age-dependent proliferative capacity of endothelial progenitor cells from different species origin in in vitro condition. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res 2016; 8:102-106. [PMID: 27777694 PMCID: PMC5075357 DOI: 10.15171/jcvtr.2016.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: A large number of cardiovascular disorders and abnormalities, notably accelerated vascular deficiencies could be related to aging changes and increased length of life. During the past decades, the discovery of different stem cells facilitates ongoing attempts for attenuating many disorders, especially in vascular beds. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are a subtype of stem cells that have potent capacity to differentiate into mature endothelial cells (ECs). However, some documented studies reported an age-related decline in proliferation and function of many stem cells. There is no data on aging effect upon proliferation and morphological feature of EPCs. Methods: To show aging effect on EPCs proliferation and multipotentiality, bone marrow samples were provided from old and young cases in three different species; human, mouse and dog. After 7 days of culture, the cell morphology and clonogenic capacity were evaluated. We also calculated the mean number of colonies both in bone marrow samples from old and young subjects. To confirm the cell phenotype, isolated cells were immune-phenotyped by a panel of antibodies against Tie-2, CD133 and CD309 markers. Results: Our results showed that EPCs exhibited prominent spindle form in all bone marrow samples from young cases while the cell shape became more round by aging. Notably, the number of colonies was reduced in aged samples as compared to parallel young subject samples (P < 0.05). We also detected that the expression of endothelial related markers diminished by aging. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the age-related vascular abnormalities could be presumably related to the decline in stemness capacity of EPCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Hassanpour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Omid Cheraghi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran ; Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahid Siavashi
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Elshaer SL, Lorys RE, El-Remessy AB. Cell Therapy and Critical Limb Ischemia: Evidence and Window of Opportunity in Obesity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 3. [PMID: 28979948 DOI: 10.15226/2374-8354/3/1/00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sally L Elshaer
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia 30912, USA
| | - Renee E Lorys
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia 30912, USA
| | - A B El-Remessy
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia 30912, USA
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Yu Y, Liang Y, Yin C, Liu X, Su Y, Zhang L, Wang H. Inhibitor of DNA-binding 1 promotes endothelial progenitor cell proliferation and migration by suppressing E2-2 through the helix-loop-helix domain. Int J Mol Med 2016; 38:1549-1557. [PMID: 27635429 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial damage is the major contributing factor to cardiovascular diseases. Recently, the therapeutic significance of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) has drawn increasing attention due to their roles in re-endothelialization following injury. The inhibitor of DNA-binding 1 (ID1) has been proven to promote EPC proliferation and migration, suggesting a critical function of ID1 in re-endothelialization. However, the underlying mechanisms remain undefined. In this study, ID1 was found to interact with E2-2 using immunoprecipitation analysis. Moreover, ID1 overexpression suppressed E2-2 expression and luciferase reporter activity; however, these effects were not observed in cells transfected with ID1 lacking the helix-loop-helix (HLH) domain (ID1ΔHLH). Further functional analysis corroborated that the upregulation of E2-2 markedly attenuated the ID1-mediated increase in EPC proliferation and migration. Furthermore, the HLH domain plays an important role in ID1-induced EPC proliferation and migration, as its deletion suppressed the positive regulatory effects of ID1 on EPC proliferation and migration. Taken together, the findings of our study confirm that ID1 promotes EPC proliferation and migration by suppressing E2-2 through the HLH domain in ID1. Therefore, ID1 may represent a potential therapeutic target for EPC-mediated re-endothelialization following vascular injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- Cardiology Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, Sichuan 400037, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Liang
- Department of Geriatrics, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Cunping Yin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Yong Su
- Department of Geriatrics, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Chhokar V, Tucker AL. Angiogenesis: Basic Mechanisms and Clinical Applications. Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/108925320300700304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The development and maintenance of an adequate vascular supply is critical for the viability of normal and neoplastic tissues. Angiogenesis, the development of new blood vessels from preexisting capillary networks, plays an important role in a number of physiologic and pathologic processes, including reproduction, wound repair, inflammatory diseases, and tumor growth. Angiogenesis involves sequential steps that are triggered in response to angiogenic growth factors released by inflammatory, mesenchymal, or tumor cells that act as ligands for endothelial cell receptor tyrosine kinases. Stimulated endothelial cells detach from neighboring cells and migrate, proliferate, and form tubes. The immature tubes are subsequently invested and stabilized by pericytes or smooth muscle cells. Angiogenesis depends upon complex interactions among various classes of molecules, including adhesion molecules, proteases, structural proteins, cell surface receptors, and growth factors. The therapeutic manipulation of angiogenesis targeted against ischemic and neoplastic diseases has been investigated in preclinical animal models and in clinical trials. Proangiogenic trials that have stimulated vessel growth in ischemic coronary or peripheral tissues through expression, delivery, or stimulated release of growth factors have shown efficacy in animal models and mixed results in human clinical trials. Antiangiogenic trials have used strategies to block the function of molecules critical for new vessel growth or maturation in the treatment of a variety of malignancies, mostly with results less encouraging than those seen in preclinical models. Pro-and antiangiogenic clinical trials demonstrate that strategies for optimal drug delivery, dosing schedules, patient selection, and endpoint measurements need further investigation and refinement before the therapeutic manipulation of angiogenesis will realize its full clinical potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vikram Chhokar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Salem VA Health System, Roanoke, Virginia
| | - Amy L. Tucker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Division; Cardiovascular Research Center; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Park A, Barrera-Ramirez J, Ranasinghe I, Pilon S, Sy R, Fergusson D, Allan DS. Use of Statins to Augment Progenitor Cell Function in Preclinical and Clinical Studies of Regenerative Therapy: a Systematic Review. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2016; 12:327-39. [PMID: 26873165 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-016-9647-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are used in cell-based regenerative therapy. HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) appear promising in blocking apoptosis, prolonging progenitor cell survival and improving their capacity to repair organ function. METHODS We performed a systematic review of preclinical and clinical studies to clarify whether statins can improve cell-based repair of organ injury. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PUBMED databases were searched (1947 to June 25, 2013). Controlled clinical and pre-clinical studies were included that evaluated statin therapy used alone or in combination with MSCs or EPCs in patients or animals with organ injury. RESULTS After screening 771 citations, 100 records underwent full eligibility screening of which 38 studies met eligibility and were included in the review: Studies were grouped into pre-clinical studies that involved statin treatment in combination with cell therapy (18 studies), preclinical studies of statin therapy alone (13 studies) and clinical studies of statin therapy (7 studies). Studies addressed cardiac injury (14 studies), vascular disorders (15 studies), neurologic conditions (8 studies) and bone fractures (1 study). Pre-clinical studies of statins in combination with MSC infusion (15 studies) or EPC therapy (3 studies) were described and despite marked heterogeneity in reporting outcomes of cellular analysis and organ function, all of these cell-based pre-clinical studies reported improved organ recovery with the addition of statin therapy. Moreover, 13 pre-clinical studies involved the administration of a statin drug alone to animals. An increase in EPC number and/or function (no studies of MSCs) was reported in 11 of these studies (85 %) and improved organ function in 12 studies (92 %). We also identified 7 clinical studies and none involved the administration of cells but described an increased number and/or function of EPCs (no studies of MSCs) and improved organ function with statin therapy (1.2-fold to 35-fold improvement over controls) in all 7 studies. CONCLUSION Our systematic review provides a foundation of encouraging results that support further study of statins in regenerative therapy to augment the number and/or function of MSCs used in cell-based repair and to augment the number and function of EPCs in vivo to repair damaged tissues. Larger studies are needed to ensure safety and confirm clinical benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Park
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Rd, Box 704, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Juliana Barrera-Ramirez
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Rd, Box 704, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Indee Ranasinghe
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Rd, Box 704, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Sophie Pilon
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Rd, Box 704, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Richmond Sy
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Dean Fergusson
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - David S Allan
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Rd, Box 704, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada.
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Dysregulation of Vascular Endothelial Progenitor Cells Lung-Homing in Subjects with COPD. Can Respir J 2016; 2016:1472823. [PMID: 27445517 PMCID: PMC4904543 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1472823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by fixed airflow limitation and progressive decline of lung function and punctuated by occasional exacerbations. The disease pathogenesis may involve activation of the bone marrow stimulating mobilization and lung-homing of progenitor cells. We investigated the hypothesis that lower circulating numbers of vascular endothelial progenitor cells (VEPCs) are a consequence of increased lung-sequestration in COPD. Nonatopic, current or ex-smokers with diagnosed COPD and nonatopic, nonsmoking normal controls were enrolled. Blood and induced sputum extracted primitive hemopoietic progenitors (HPCs) and VEPC were enumerated by flow cytometry. Migration and adhesive responses to fibronectin were assessed. In sputum, VEPC numbers were significantly greater in COPD compared to normal controls. In blood, VEPCs were significantly lower in COPD versus normal controls. There were no differences in HPC levels between the two groups in either compartment. Functionally, there was a greater migrational responsiveness of progenitors from COPD subjects to stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha (SDF-1α) compared to normal controls. This was associated with greater numbers of CXCR4+ progenitors in sputum from COPD. Increased migrational responsiveness of progenitor cells may promote lung-homing of VEPC in COPD which may disrupt maintenance and repair of the airways and contribute to COPD disease pathogenesis.
Collapse
|
89
|
Choi EY, Lee H, Woo JS, Jang HH, Hwang SJ, Kim HS, Kim WS, Kim YS, Choue R, Cha YJ, Yim JE, Kim W. Effect of onion peel extract on endothelial function and endothelial progenitor cells in overweight and obese individuals. Nutrition 2016; 31:1131-5. [PMID: 26233871 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2015.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Acute or chronic intake of polyphenol-rich foods has been reported to improve endothelial function. Quercetin, found abundantly in onion, is a potent antioxidant flavonoid. The aim of this study was to investigate whether consumption of onion peel extract (OPE) improves endothelial function in healthy overweight and obese individuals. METHODS This was a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Seventy-two healthy overweight and obese participants were randomly assigned to receive a red, soft capsule of OPE (100 mg quercetin/d, 50 mg quercetin twice daily; n = 36 participants) or an identical placebo capsule (n = 36) for 12 wk. Endothelial function, defined by flow-mediated dilation (FMD), circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) by flow cytometry, and laboratory test were determined at baseline and after treatment. RESULTS Baseline characteristics and laboratory findings did not significantly differ between the two groups. Compared with baseline values, the OPE group showed significantly improved FMD at 12 wk (from 12.5 ± 5.2 to 15.2 ± 6.1; P = 0.002), whereas the placebo group showed no difference. Nitroglycerin-mediated dilation did not change in either group. EPC counts (44.2 ± 25.6 versus 52.3 ± 18.6; P = 0.005) and the percentage of EPCs were significantly increased in the OPE group. When FMD was divided into quartiles, rate of patients with endothelial dysfunction defined as lowest quartile (cutoff value, 8.6%) of FMD improved from 26% to 9% by OPE. CONCLUSION Medium-term administration of OPE an improvement in FMD and circulating EPCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Yong Choi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hansongyi Lee
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 447-701, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Medical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Shin Woo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Hee Jang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Joon Hwang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Soo Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Sik Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Seol Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ryowon Choue
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 447-701, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Medical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Jun Cha
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Yim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Weon Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Cicha I, Singh R, Garlichs CD, Alexiou C. Nano-biomaterials for cardiovascular applications: Clinical perspective. J Control Release 2016; 229:23-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
91
|
Guillevic O, Ferratge S, Pascaud J, Driancourt C, Boyer-Di-Ponio J, Uzan G. A Novel Molecular and Functional Stemness Signature Assessing Human Cord Blood-Derived Endothelial Progenitor Cell Immaturity. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152993. [PMID: 27043207 PMCID: PMC4820260 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial Colony Forming Cells (ECFCs), a distinct population of Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPCs) progeny, display phenotypic and functional characteristics of endothelial cells while retaining features of stem/progenitor cells. Cord blood-derived ECFCs (CB-ECFCs) have a high clonogenic and proliferative potentials and they can acquire different endothelial phenotypes, this requiring some plasticity. These properties provide angiogenic and vascular repair capabilities to CB-ECFCs for ischemic cell therapies. However, the degree of immaturity retained by EPCs is still confused and poorly defined. Consequently, to better characterize CB-ECFC stemness, we quantified their clonogenic potential and demonstrated that they were reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) more efficiently and rapidly than adult endothelial cells. Moreover, we analyzed the transcriptional profile of a broad gene panel known to be related to stem cells. We showed that, unlike mature endothelial cells, CB-ECFCs expressed genes involved in the maintenance of embryonic stem cell properties such as DNMT3B, GDF3 or SOX2. Thus, these results provide further evidence and tools to appreciate EPC-derived cell stemness. Moreover this novel stem cell transcriptional signature of ECFCs could help better characterizing and ranging EPCs according to their immaturity profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Georges Uzan
- INSERM U972, hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Stabler CT, Caires LC, Mondrinos MJ, Marcinkiewicz C, Lazarovici P, Wolfson MR, Lelkes PI. Enhanced Re-Endothelialization of Decellularized Rat Lungs. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2016; 22:439-50. [PMID: 26935764 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2016.0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Decellularized lung tissue has been recognized as a potential platform to engineer whole lung organs suitable for transplantation or for modeling a variety of lung diseases. However, many technical hurdles remain before this potential may be fully realized. Inability to efficiently re-endothelialize the pulmonary vasculature with a functional endothelium appears to be the primary cause of failure of recellularized lung scaffolds in early transplant studies. Here, we present an optimized approach for enhanced re-endothelialization of decellularized rodent lung scaffolds with rat lung microvascular endothelial cells (ECs). This was achieved by adjusting the posture of the lung to a supine position during cell seeding through the pulmonary artery. The supine position allowed for significantly more homogeneous seeding and better cell retention in the apex regions of all lobes than the traditional upright position, especially in the right upper and left lobes. Additionally, the supine position allowed for greater cell retention within large diameter vessels (proximal 100-5000 μm) than the upright position, with little to no difference in the small diameter distal vessels. EC adhesion in the proximal regions of the pulmonary vasculature in the decellularized lung was dependent on the binding of EC integrins, specifically α1β1, α2β1, and α5β1 integrins to, respectively, collagen type-I, type-IV, and fibronectin in the residual extracellular matrix. Following in vitro maturation of the seeded constructs under perfusion culture, the seeded ECs spread along the vascular wall, leading to a partial reestablishment of endothelial barrier function as inferred from a custom-designed leakage assay. Our results suggest that attention to cellular distribution within the whole organ is of paramount importance for restoring proper vascular function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Collin T Stabler
- 1 Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Luiz C Caires
- 1 Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,2 Department of Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Mark J Mondrinos
- 1 Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Cezary Marcinkiewicz
- 1 Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Philip Lazarovici
- 1 Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Marla R Wolfson
- 3 Department of Physiology, Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Peter I Lelkes
- 1 Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Ricottini E, Madonna R, Grieco D, Zoccoli A, Stampachiacchiere B, Patti G, Tonini G, De Caterina R, Di Sciascio G. Effect of High-Dose Atorvastatin Reload on the Release of Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Patients on Long-Term Statin Treatment Who Underwent Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (from the ARMYDA-EPC Study). Am J Cardiol 2016; 117:165-71. [PMID: 26743348 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) may concur to endogenous vascular repair. Previous studies have reported that statin treatment increases EPC levels. We investigated whether this occurs in patients on long-term statin treatment who underwent percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs). In a phase A study, 53 patients (atorvastatin reload [AR] 80 mg 12 hours before + 40 mg 2 hours before PCI, n = 27; placebo [P], n = 26) were evaluated for EPC mobilization as CD45dim/CD34+/CD133+/KDR+ cell number by flow cytometry. Assays were run at randomization (12 hours before PCI, R), immediately before PCI (T0) at 8 (T8) and 24 hours (T24). In phase B study, 50 patients (AR, n = 25; P, n = 25) were evaluated for early colony formation by Hill colony forming unit (CFU) assay, with sampling at randomization and 24 hours later. In phase A, EPCs levels were similar at randomization between 2 arms (0.23% [0.14 to 0.54] of total events in AR vs 0.22% [0.04 to 0.37] in P group; p = 0.33). At PCI, EPC levels were higher in AR arm (0.42% [0.06 to 0.30] vs 0.19% [0.06 to 030]; p = 0.009). Higher EPC levels in AR group were also found at 8 and 24 hours. In phase B, EPC CFUs/well numbers at randomization were similar in the 2 arms (8 [6 to 12] in AR vs 12 [6 to 20] in P group, p = 0.109). EPC CFU/well at 24 hours became significantly higher in AR arm (17 [10 to 23] vs 5 [2 to 13], p = 0.002). In conclusion, high-dose AR before PCI in patients on long-term statin therapy promptly increases EPCs mobilization, which are capable of early colony formation and may contribute to cardioprotection.
Collapse
|
94
|
Shimizu Y, Sato S, Koyamatsu J, Yamanashi H, Nagayoshi M, Kadota K, Tsuruda K, Hayashida N, Abiru N, Yamasaki H, Takamura N, Maeda T. Association between circulating CD34-positive cells and serum alkaline phosphatase in relation to body mass index for elderly Japanese men. J Physiol Anthropol 2016; 35:2. [PMID: 26769093 PMCID: PMC4714498 DOI: 10.1186/s40101-016-0084-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies have confirmed an association between bone metabolism and vascular homeostasis. However, no study has examined the relationship between serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (a marker of bone metabolism) and circulating immature cell such as CD34-positive cells (a marker of vascular homeostasis). Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of this association in 272 elderly Japanese men (60–79 years). Because low body mass index (BMI) status is a known characteristic of Japanese with a high incidence rate of stroke, we used a stratified analysis based on BMI. Results Multivariable linear regression analysis adjusted for confounding factors showed a significant correlation between serum ALP and the number of circulating CD34-positive cells, especially for participants with low BMI (<23 kg/m2). The parameter estimates (β) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for one standard deviation increments in serum ALP levels (62 IU/L) for the circulating CD34-positive cell count were β = 0.25 (0.04, 0.45) for total subjects, β = 0.45 (0.16, 0.75) for participants with low BMI (<23 kg/m2), and β = 0.04 (−0.25, 0.34) for participants with high BMI (≥23 kg/m2). Conclusion Serum ALP correlates positively with circulating CD34-positive cells among a general population of elderly Japanese men, especially those with low BMI (<23 kg/m2). These findings suggest that serum ALP levels may constitute an efficient tool for estimating the risk of insufficient vascular homeostasis, especially for participants with relatively few classical cardiovascular risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Shimizu
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.
| | - Shimpei Sato
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.
| | - Jun Koyamatsu
- Department of Island and Community Medicine , Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.
| | - Hirotomo Yamanashi
- Department of Island and Community Medicine , Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.
| | - Mako Nagayoshi
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.
| | - Koichiro Kadota
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.
| | - Kazuto Tsuruda
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan.
| | - Naomi Hayashida
- Division of Strategic Collaborative Research Center for Promotion of Collaborative Research on Radiation and Environment Health Effects, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.
| | - Norio Abiru
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.
| | - Hironori Yamasaki
- Center for Health and Community Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
| | - Noboru Takamura
- Department of Global Health, Medicine and welfare, Atomic bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Maeda
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan. .,Department of Island and Community Medicine , Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Yin PT, Han E, Lee KB. Engineering Stem Cells for Biomedical Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2016; 5:10-55. [PMID: 25772134 PMCID: PMC5810416 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201400842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Revised: 02/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells are characterized by a number of useful properties, including their ability to migrate, differentiate, and secrete a variety of therapeutic molecules such as immunomodulatory factors. As such, numerous pre-clinical and clinical studies have utilized stem cell-based therapies and demonstrated their tremendous potential for the treatment of various human diseases and disorders. Recently, efforts have focused on engineering stem cells in order to further enhance their innate abilities as well as to confer them with new functionalities, which can then be used in various biomedical applications. These engineered stem cells can take on a number of forms. For instance, engineered stem cells encompass the genetic modification of stem cells as well as the use of stem cells for gene delivery, nanoparticle loading and delivery, and even small molecule drug delivery. The present Review gives an in-depth account of the current status of engineered stem cells, including potential cell sources, the most common methods used to engineer stem cells, and the utilization of engineered stem cells in various biomedical applications, with a particular focus on tissue regeneration, the treatment of immunodeficiency diseases, and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Perry T Yin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Edward Han
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Ki-Bum Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Lu CL, Leu JG, Liu WC, Zheng CM, Lin YF, Shyu JF, Wu CC, Lu KC. Endothelial Progenitor Cells Predict Long-Term Mortality in Hemodialysis Patients. Int J Med Sci 2016; 13:240-7. [PMID: 26941585 PMCID: PMC4773289 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.14209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) dysfunction is a critical event in the initiation of atherosclerotic plaque development and the level of circulating EPCs can be considered a biomarker of cardiovascular events. The level and functional change in EPCs has been investigated in hemodialysis patients, but the effect of absolute number of EPCs on risk of death has not yet been explored. We hypothesized that the number of EPCs predicted death from cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in hemodialysis patients. METHODS We evaluate the association between endothelial progenitor cells and clinical outcome in 154 patients on maintenance hemodialysis. The blood sample was drawn at the time of patient enrollment and EPCs were identified by flow cytometry using triple staining for CD34/CD133/KDR. RESULTS The median duration of follow-up was 4.19 years. There were 79 (51.3%) deaths during the follow-up period, 41 of whom died due to a confirmed cardiovascular cause. The cumulative survival was greater in the high-EPC group than the low-EPC group for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Decreased EPCs levels were associated with a significant increase in the risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality after adjusting for age, gender, current smokers, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. CONCLUSIONS The level of circulating EPCs independently predicts the clinical outcome in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Thus, the EPCs levels may be a useful predictive tool for evaluating the risk of death in maintenance hemodialysis patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Lin Lu
- 1. Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; 3. Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Gang Leu
- 2. School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan; 3. Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chih Liu
- 1. Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; 4. Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonghe Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Cai-Mei Zheng
- 1. Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; 5. Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; 6. Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University
| | - Yuh-Feng Lin
- 1. Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; 5. Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Fwu Shyu
- 7. Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chao Wu
- 8. Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Cheng Lu
- 9. Department of Medicine, Cardinal Tien Hospital, School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Wang Z, Zheng W, Wu Y, Wang J, Zhang X, Wang K, Zhao Q, Kong D, Ke T, Li C. Differences in the performance of PCL-based vascular grafts as abdominal aorta substitutes in healthy and diabetic rats. Biomater Sci 2016; 4:1485-92. [DOI: 10.1039/c6bm00178e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes exacerbates the regeneration process after in vivo implantation of vascular graft.
Collapse
|
98
|
Van Craenenbroeck EM, Frederix G, Pattyn N, Beckers P, Van Craenenbroeck AH, Gevaert A, Possemiers N, Cornelissen V, Goetschalckx K, Vrints CJ, Vanhees L, Hoymans VY. Effects of aerobic interval training and continuous training on cellular markers of endothelial integrity in coronary artery disease: a SAINTEX-CAD substudy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 309:H1876-82. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00341.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this large multicenter trial, we aimed to assess the effect of aerobic exercise training in stable coronary artery disease (CAD) patients on cellular markers of endothelial integrity and to examine their relation with improvement of endothelial function. Two-hundred CAD patients (left ventricular ejection fraction > 40%, 90% male, mean age 58.4 ± 9.1 yr) were randomized on a 1:1 base to a supervised 12-wk rehabilitation program of either aerobic interval training or aerobic continuous training on a bicycle. At baseline and after 12 wk, numbers of circulating CD34+/KDR+/CD45dim endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), CD31+/CD3+/CXCR4+ angiogenic T cells, and CD31+/CD42b− endothelial microparticles (EMPs) were analyzed by flow cytometry. Endothelial function was assessed by flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery. After 12 wk of aerobic interval training or aerobic continuous training, numbers of circulating EPCs, angiogenic T cells, and EMPs were comparable with baseline levels. Whereas improvement in peak oxygen consumption was correlated to improvement in FMD (Pearson r = 0.17, P = 0.035), a direct correlation of baseline or posttraining EPCs, angiogenic T cells, and EMP levels with FMD was absent. Baseline EMPs related inversely to the magnitude of the increases in peak oxygen consumption (Spearman rho = −0.245, P = 0.027) and FMD (Spearman rho = −0.374, P = 0.001) following exercise training. In conclusion, endothelial function improvement in response to exercise training in patients with CAD did not relate to altered levels of EPCs and angiogenic T cells and/or a diminished shedding of EMPs into the circulation. EMP flow cytometry may be predictive of the increase in aerobic capacity and endothelial function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emeline M. Van Craenenbroeck
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, Edegem, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Geert Frederix
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, Edegem, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Nele Pattyn
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Research Centre for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Rehabilitation, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and
| | - Paul Beckers
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Amaryllis H. Van Craenenbroeck
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, Edegem, Belgium
- Department of Nephrology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Andreas Gevaert
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, Edegem, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Nadine Possemiers
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Veronique Cornelissen
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Research Centre for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Rehabilitation, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and
| | - Kaatje Goetschalckx
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospital of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christiaan J. Vrints
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, Edegem, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Luc Vanhees
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Research Centre for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Rehabilitation, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospital of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vicky Y. Hoymans
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, Edegem, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Vascular Ageing and Exercise: Focus on Cellular Reparative Processes. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2016:3583956. [PMID: 26697131 PMCID: PMC4678076 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3583956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ageing is associated with an increased risk of developing noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The increased risk can be attributable to increased prolonged exposure to oxidative stress. Often, CVD is preceded by endothelial dysfunction, which carries with it a proatherothrombotic phenotype. Endothelial senescence and reduced production and release of nitric oxide (NO) are associated with “vascular ageing” and are often accompanied by a reduced ability for the body to repair vascular damage, termed “reendothelialization.” Exercise has been repeatedly shown to confer protection against CVD and diabetes risk and incidence. Regular exercise promotes endothelial function and can prevent endothelial senescence, often through a reduction in oxidative stress. Recently, endothelial precursors, endothelial progenitor cells (EPC), have been shown to repair damaged endothelium, and reduced circulating number and/or function of these cells is associated with ageing. Exercise can modulate both number and function of these cells to promote endothelial homeostasis. In this review we look at the effects of advancing age on the endothelium and these endothelial precursors and how exercise appears to offset this “vascular ageing” process.
Collapse
|
100
|
Etemadifar M, Dehghani L, Ganji H, Soleimani R, Talebi M, Eskandari N, Samani FS, Meamar R. Evaluation of the circulating CD34(+), CD309(+), and endothelial progenitor cells in patients with first attack of optic neuritis. Adv Biomed Res 2015; 4:151. [PMID: 26380236 PMCID: PMC4550950 DOI: 10.4103/2277-9175.161578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are present in circulation and contribute to vasculogenesis in adults. The aim of the present study was to determine the number of circulating EPCs in patients with optic neuritis (ON). MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty patients with ON were diagnosed by expert neurologist and optometrist at the Feiz Hospital, Isfahan, Iran (2012-2013). Blood samples were collected from ON patients in the first attack. The number of EPCs was measured by flow cytometry through the assessment of CD34(+) and CD309(+) in patients and healthy individuals. RESULTS With using flow cytometry, CD34(+) and CD309(+) cells detected in peripheral blood cells of patients (n = 50) with ON, and healthy individuals (n = 30). Patients with ON had (mean = 66.71 ± 17.82) CD34(+) and CD309(+) cells compared with healthy controls (mean = 28.72 ± 22.46). In addition, there was no significant difference in CD309(+) cells in both groups. CONCLUSION This study showed elevated CD34(+) and CD309(+) cells in the early stage of the disease. Regarded to EPC increment in neural repair, it expected the EPC level be increased in these patients, but no detectable differences were observed among both markers in healthy and patient with first attack.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Etemadifar
- Isfahan Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Research Center, Isfahan Eye Research Center, Ophthalmology Ward, Feiz Hospital, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Leila Dehghani
- Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, AlZahra Hospital, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamid Ganji
- Alzahra Hospital Management, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Soleimani
- Department of Biology, Payam Noor University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maedeh Talebi
- Biochemistry Labratory, Isfahan Al-Zahra Hospital, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nahid Eskandari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Rokhsareh Meamar
- Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, AlZahra Hospital, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|