51
|
Beliefs and Sociodemographic and Occupational Factors Associated with Vaccine Hesitancy among Health Workers. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10122013. [PMID: 36560423 PMCID: PMC9782159 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10122013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Vaccine hesitancy has been implicated in the low-vaccination coverage in several countries. Knowledge about vaccine hesitancy predictors in health workers is essential because they play a central role in communication about the importance and safety of vaccines. This study aimed to assess beliefs and sociodemographic and occupational factors associated with vaccine hesitancy in health workers. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study among 453 health workers in primary and medium complexity services in a municipality in the state of Bahia, Brazil. The variable vaccine hesitancy was operationalized based on the answers related to incomplete vaccination against hepatitis B, measles, mumps and rubella, and diphtheria and tetanus. Associations between variables were expressed as prevalence ratios (PR) and their respective 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Endemic disease combat agents, administrative service workers, and support staff had the highest levels of vaccine hesitancy. Among the analyzed variables, the following were associated with vaccine hesitancy: working in secondary health care services (PR: 1.21; CI: 1.07-1.36), working as an endemic disease combat agent (PR = 1.42; 95% CI: 1.165-1.75), not sharing information about vaccines on social media (PR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.05-1.28), distrusting information about vaccinations (PR: 0.86; CI: 0.75-0.99), and not feeling safe receiving new vaccines (PR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.06-1.28). Conclusions: Strategies to enhance confidence in vaccination among health workers should consider differences in occupations and their working settings. Improving vaccination-related content in training and continuing education activities and facilitating access to onsite vaccinations at the workplace are crucial elements to reduce vaccine hesitancy among health workers.
Collapse
|
52
|
Zhu Y, Beam M, Ming Y, Egbert N, Smith TC. A Social Cognitive Theory Approach to Understanding Parental Attitudes and Intentions to Vaccinate Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1876. [PMID: 36366384 PMCID: PMC9697026 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10111876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The distribution of the COVID-19 vaccine represents a path towards global health after a worldwide pandemic. Yet, the U.S. response to the vaccination rollout has been politically polarized. The aim of this paper is to contribute to the understanding of the contextual factors that influence parents' attitudes towards health officials and their intention to vaccinate children, focusing on communication behaviors, personal factors, and geographic locations. We use Bandura's triadic reciprocal determinism (TRD) model which posits reciprocal influence between personal factors, environmental factors, and behaviors. We found that personal factors (having younger children and identifying as Republican partisans), and the behavioral factor of conservative news use were significantly related to more negative attitudes towards health officials and lower vaccination intentions. Conversely, Democrats and liberal news use were significantly related to warmer attitudes and greater vaccination intentions. The environmental factor of geographic location across four states with different partisan dynamics was not significantly related to attitudes and behavioral intentions. Results from a post-hoc analysis show that news media use and partisanship were the strongest correlates of parents' attitudes towards health officials. This evidence points to the politicization of the COVID-19 vaccine being a key consideration regarding vaccine uptake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhu
- College of Communication and Information, Kent State University, 318 University Library, 1125 Risman Drive, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - Michael Beam
- School of Emerging Media & Technology, Kent State University, 550 Hilltop Drive, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - Yue Ming
- College of Communication and Information, Kent State University, 318 University Library, 1125 Risman Drive, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - Nichole Egbert
- School of Communication Studies, Kent State University, P.O. Box 5190, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - Tara C. Smith
- College of Public Health, Kent State University, 800 Hilltop Drive, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Elbarazi I, Yacoub M, Reyad OA, Abdou MS, Elhadi YAM, Kheirallah KA, Ababneh BF, Hamada BA, El Saeh HM, Ali N, Rahma AT, Tahoun MM, Ghazy RM. Exploring enablers and barriers toward COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among Arabs: A qualitative study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION : IJDRR 2022; 82:103304. [PMID: 36193257 PMCID: PMC9519527 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2022.103304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and rapid vaccine development, research interest in vaccine hesitancy (VH) has increased. Research usually focuses on quantitative estimates which largely neglected the qualitative underpinnings of this phenomenon. This study aimed to explore the beliefs and views towards COVID-19 vaccination among Arabs in different countries. Furthermore, we explored the effect of confidence in the healthcare system, misinformation, and scientific approaches adopted to mitigate COVID-19 on how individuals are following the recommended preventative actions including vaccination. METHODS This study was based on the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE)-VH Model: A qualitative design that utilized in-depth, online interviews. The study was conducted in seven Arab countries (Egypt, Qatar, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Libya, Sudan, United Arab Emirates and Jordan) from June 2020 to December 2021. Transcripts were analyzed using NVivo 12 Software. RESULTS A total of 100 participants, 44 males and 56 females, of different age groups (37.1 ± 11.56 years) were interviewed. Findings revealed six themes as enablers and barriers to COVID-19 vaccination. Many participants indicated trusting the vaccines, the healthcare systems, and the vaccination policies were the main driver to get the vaccine. Participants showed concerns towards potential long-term vaccine effects. A consistent inclination towards collective responsibility, which is the willingness to protect others by own vaccination, was also reported. CONCLUSION Enablers and barriers of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance in the Arab region, from sociocultural and political perspectives, are critical to guide policymakers in designing target-oriented interventions that can improve vaccine acceptance.
Collapse
Key Words
- Arab Countries
- COVID-19
- COVID-19, Coronavirus disease 2019
- ECDC, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
- GDP, Gross Domestic Product
- HCWs, Health care workers
- KSA, Kingdom of Saudia Arabia
- LMIC, Low- and middle-income countries
- PI, Principal investigator
- Qualitative
- SAGE
- SAGE, Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on immunization
- SARS-CoV-2
- UAE, United Arab Emirates
- US, United States
- VH, Vaccine hesitancy
- Vaccine acceptance
- Vaccine hesitancy
- WHO, World Health Organization
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iffat Elbarazi
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, AlAin, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed Yacoub
- English Department, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Omar Ahmed Reyad
- Internal Medicine and Cardiology Clinical Pharmacy Department, Alexandria Main University Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Marwa Shawky Abdou
- Department of Epidemiology, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Yasir Ahmed Mohammed Elhadi
- Department of Public Health, Medical Research Office, Sudanese Medical Research Association, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Khalid A Kheirallah
- Department of Public Health, Medical School of Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Bayan F Ababneh
- Department of Public Health, Medical School of Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Bayan Abu Hamada
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, AlAin, United Arab Emirates
| | - Haider M El Saeh
- Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Nancy Ali
- Department of Communication and Media, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Azhar T Rahma
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, AlAin, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed Mostafa Tahoun
- Department of Epidemiology, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Ramy Mohamed Ghazy
- Tropical Health Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Patient-Guided Talking Points to Address COVID-19 and General Vaccine Hesitancy. PHARMACY 2022; 10:pharmacy10050137. [PMID: 36287458 PMCID: PMC9611272 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy10050137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccination remains one of the most effective ways to limit spread of disease. Waning public confidence in COVID-19 vaccines has resulted in reduced vaccination rates. In fact, despite vaccine availability, many individuals choose to delay COVID-19 vaccination resulting in suboptimal herd immunity and increased viral mutations. A number of qualitative and quantitative studies have been conducted to identify, understand, and address modifiable barriers and factors contributing to COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among individuals with access to vaccine. Vaccine confidence may be improved through targeted patient–provider discussion. More patients are turning to pharmacists to receive their vaccinations across the lifespan. The primary goal of this commentary is to share evidence-based, patient talking points, tailored by practicing pharmacists, to better communicate and address factors contributing to vaccine hesitancy and reduced vaccine confidence.
Collapse
|
55
|
Miao Y, Zhang W, Li Y, Wu J, Xu D, Gu J, Wang M, Wei W, Ye B, Miao C, Tarimo CS, Dong W. Association between lifestyle and COVID-19 vaccination: A national cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:918743. [PMID: 36304239 PMCID: PMC9593211 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.918743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess lifestyles, COVID-19 vaccination coverage rates, and the relationships between lifestyles and COVID-19 vaccination among Chinese population. Methods We collected data on sociodemographics, perception of the COVID-19 pandemic, lifestyles, and self-reported COVID-19 vaccination via an online survey in China. The chi-square goodness-of-fit test was used to monitor sample saturation throughout the formal online survey. The binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the association between COVID-19 vaccination rate and lifestyle score. We assigned values to 12 lifestyles ranging from positive to negative, with positive lifestyles receiving a higher score and negative lifestyles receiving a lower score, ranging from 1 to 5. For each participant, the total lifestyle scored from 12 to 56. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) was used to visualize the trends and correlations between lifestyle score and COVID-19 vaccination coverage. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to explore the association between specific lifestyles and COVID-19 vaccination. Results A total of 29,925 participants (51.4% females) responded. The lifestyle score of the sample was 44.60 ± 6.13 (scoring range: 12-56). COVID-19 vaccination rate was found to be 89.4% (89.1-89.8%). Female participants reported a higher vaccination rate than male participants (91.5 vs. 87.1%). Compared to Q1, COVID-19 vaccination coverage rates increased with lifestyle total scores [OR Q2 = 1.901 (1.718-2.103), P < 0.001; OR Q3 = 2.373 (2.099-2.684), P < 0.001; and OR Q4 = 3.765 (3.209-4.417), P < 0.001]. After applying PSM, it was determined that all the 12 specific healthy lifestyles analyzed, including maintaining a healthy body weight, a healthy diet, regular physical exercises, adequate sleep, regular physical examination, and others, were found to be positive factors for COVID-19 vaccination. Conclusion The majority of mainland Chinese lived a healthy lifestyle throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, and the rate of COVID-19 vaccination was high. Specific healthy lifestyles contributed to COVID-19 vaccination coverage rates significantly. According to the study's findings, global efforts to achieve herd immunity should be prioritized by continually promoting healthy lifestyles and improving public perception of COVID-19 vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Miao
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Henan Research Center for He'nan Institute for Health Economy and Health Technology Assessment (HTA), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wanliang Zhang
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Henan Research Center for He'nan Institute for Health Economy and Health Technology Assessment (HTA), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Henan Research Center for He'nan Institute for Health Economy and Health Technology Assessment (HTA), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Henan Research Center for He'nan Institute for Health Economy and Health Technology Assessment (HTA), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dongyang Xu
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Henan Research Center for He'nan Institute for Health Economy and Health Technology Assessment (HTA), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianqin Gu
- Research Center for Lifestyle Medicine, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Meiyun Wang
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Beizhu Ye
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Henan Research Center for He'nan Institute for Health Economy and Health Technology Assessment (HTA), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chengyuan Miao
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Henan Research Center for He'nan Institute for Health Economy and Health Technology Assessment (HTA), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Clifford Silver Tarimo
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Henan Research Center for He'nan Institute for Health Economy and Health Technology Assessment (HTA), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenyong Dong
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,*Correspondence: Wenyong Dong
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Nasralah T, Elnoshokaty A, El-Gayar O, Al-Ramahi M, Wahbeh A. A comparative analysis of anti-vax discourse on twitter before and after COVID-19 onset. Health Informatics J 2022; 28:14604582221135831. [PMID: 36416280 PMCID: PMC9692178 DOI: 10.1177/14604582221135831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify and assess the prevalence of vaccine-hesitancy-related topics on Twitter in the periods before and after the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. Using a search query, 272,780 tweets associated with anti-vaccine topics and posted between 1 January 2011, and 15 January 2021, were collected. The tweets were classified into a list of 11 topics and analyzed for trends during the periods before and after the onset of COVID-19. Since the beginning of COVID-19, the percentage of anti-vaccine tweets has increased for two topics, “government and politics” and “conspiracy theories,” and decreased for “developmental disabilities.” Compared to tweets regarding flu and measles, mumps, and rubella vaccines, those concerning COVID-19 vaccines showed larger percentages for the topics of conspiracy theories and alternative treatments, and a lower percentage for developmental disabilities. The results support existing anti-vaccine literature and the assertion that anti-vaccine sentiments are an important public-health issue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tareq Nasralah
- Supply Chain and Information Management Group, D’Amore-McKim School of Business, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Abdullah Wahbeh
- Slippery Rock University of Pennsylvania, Slippery Rock, PA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Zhang E, Dai Z, Wang C, Hu J, Wang S, Zhang L, Fang Q. Targeting COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among nurses in Shanghai: A latent profile analysis. Front Public Health 2022; 10:953850. [PMID: 36187664 PMCID: PMC9515966 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.953850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aims to clarify the profiles of the psychological antecedents of vaccine hesitancy among Shanghai nurses with a person-centered approach. Methods A population-based cross-sectional online survey was conducted on Shanghai nurses from July to August 2021 (N = 1,928). In the online survey, participants were asked to report their sociodemographic, the 5C vaccine hesitancy components, their knowledge level of COVID-19 vaccine and vaccination, and the COVID-19 vaccination uptake intention and attention to vaccine news. Latent profile analysis was used to reveal distinct profiles of vaccine hesitancy. Results The results revealed four profiles, including "believers" (68.9%; high confidence and collective responsibility), "free riders" (12.7%; similar characteristics to believers, except for a low collective responsibility), "middlemen" (14.6%; middle in all 5C constructs), and "contradictors" (3.7%; high in all 5C constructs). Compared to believers, middlemen were younger, more likely to be female, childless, less educated, held lower professional titles, had fewer years of nursing service, sometimes or never complied with recommended vaccinations, had satisfactory or poor self-assessed health status, had no work experience during the COVID-19 epidemic, and possessed greater levels of knowledge. Free riders were more likely to work in community health centers and have a lower degree than believers. Contradictors were more likely to work in community health centers, had junior college degrees or lower, and had no work experience during the COVID-19 epidemic than believers. From the highest to the lowest on vaccination intention and attention to vaccine news were believers, then free riders, contradictors, and finally middlemen. Conclusion This study could aid in the development of personalized vaccination strategies based on nurses' vaccine hesitancy profiles and predictors. In addition to vaccine believers, we identified other three profiles based on their 5C psychological antecedents, emphasizing the significance of establishing tailored vaccination campaigns. Further research into the prevalence of profile structure in other groups of healthcare workers is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enming Zhang
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengyue Dai
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Caifeng Wang
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiale Hu
- College of Health Professions, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Suxing Wang
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiong Fang
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Qiong Fang
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Valdecantos RL, Palladino R, Lo Vecchio A, Montella E, Triassi M, Nardone A. Organisational and Structural Drivers of Childhood Immunisation in the European Region: A Systematic Review. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10091390. [PMID: 36146467 PMCID: PMC9505321 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10091390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the implementation of widespread vaccination programs, the European Health Systems continue to experience care challenges attributable to organizational and structural issues. This study aimed to review the available data on aspects within the organizational and structural domains that might impact vaccination coverage. We searched a comprehensive range of databases from 1 January 2007 to 6 July 2021 for studies that reported quantitative or qualitative research on interventions to raise childhood vaccine coverage. Outcome assessments comprised organizational and structural factors that contribute to vaccine concern among pediatric parents, as well as data reported influencing the willingness to vaccinate. To analyze the risk of bias, the Ottawa, JBI’s (Joanna Briggs Institute) critical appraisal tool, and Amstar quality assessment were used accordingly. The inclusion criteria were met by 205 studies across 21 articles. The majority of the studies were conducted in the United Kingdom (6), the European Union (3), and Italy (3). A range of interventions studied in primary healthcare settings has been revealed to improve vaccination coverage rates including parental engagement and personalization, mandatory vaccination policies, program redesign, supply chain design, administering multiple/combination vaccines, improved vaccination timing and intervals, parental education and reminders, surveillance tools and Supplemental Immunisation Activity (SIA), and information model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronan Lemwel Valdecantos
- Department of Public Health, University “Federico II” of Naples, 80138 Napoli, Italy
- Global Health Workforce Network (GHWN) Youth Hub, World Health Organization, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (R.L.V.); (R.P.)
| | - Raffaele Palladino
- Department of Public Health, University “Federico II” of Naples, 80138 Napoli, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center for Research in Healthcare Management and Innovation in Healthcare (CIRMIS), University “Federico II” of Naples, 80138 Napoli, Italy
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College, London SW7 2BX, UK
- Correspondence: (R.L.V.); (R.P.)
| | - Andrea Lo Vecchio
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Pediatrics, University “Federico II” of Naples, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Emma Montella
- Department of Public Health, University “Federico II” of Naples, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Triassi
- Department of Public Health, University “Federico II” of Naples, 80138 Napoli, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center for Research in Healthcare Management and Innovation in Healthcare (CIRMIS), University “Federico II” of Naples, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonio Nardone
- Department of Public Health, University “Federico II” of Naples, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Mehta SN, Burger ZC, Meyers-Pantele SA, Garfein RS, Ortiz DO, Mudhar PK, Kothari SB, Kothari J, Meka M, Rodwell T. Knowledge, Attitude, Practices, and Vaccine Hesitancy Among the Latinx Community in Southern California Early in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-sectional Survey. JMIR Form Res 2022; 6:e38351. [PMID: 35925649 PMCID: PMC9359308 DOI: 10.2196/38351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Latinx population in the United States has experienced high rates of infection, hospitalization, and death since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. There is little data on the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) specifically in Latinx communities in the United States. Objective We aimed to assess COVID-19 KAP and vaccine hesitancy among a Latinx cohort in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic (from July 2020 to October 2020), at a unique time when a vaccine was not available. Methods Participants aged ≥18 years were recruited at a primary care clinic in Southern California and asked to self-report sociodemographic characteristics, KAP, and vaccine hesitancy. A subset of the participants answered the vaccine hesitancy assessment as it was added after the start of data collection. KAP items were summed to create composite scores, with higher scores reflecting increased COVID-19 knowledge, positive attitudes toward the COVID-19 pandemic, and disease prevention practices. Bivariate and multivariable regression models were fitted to test associations between sociodemographic characteristics and KAP scores. For our analysis, we only included patients who self-identified as Latinx. Results Our final data set included 265 participants. The participants had a mean age of 49 (IQR 38.5-59) years, and 72.1% (n=191) were female, 77% (n=204) had at most a high school degree, 34.7% (n=92) had an annual income <US $25,000, and 11.7% (n=31) had previously tested positive for COVID-19. We found high knowledge regarding transmission and spread; moderate knowledge regarding symptoms awareness; overall negative attitudes, which included high pessimism in government public health efforts and high amounts of fear, anxiety, and frustration due to COVID-19 pandemic; and moderate participation in preventive practices. A college education was positively associated with a higher knowledge score than those without a college education (β=0.14, 95% CI 0.01-1.60; P=.04) when adjusted for covariates. Male gender had a positive association with COVID-19 attitude scores compared to female gender (β=1.61, 95% CI 0.50-2.72; P=.05), and male gender was negatively associated with the COVID-19 practices score compared to female gender (β=–0.16, 95% CI –0.56 to –0.06; P=.03), when both were adjusted for covariates. Among a subset of 203 patients, 26.6% (n=54) indicated that if the vaccine was available, they would not take a COVID-19 vaccine, and 18.7% (n=38) were unsure. Conclusions Good knowledge and preventative practices in the population may have reflected effective public health messaging and the implementation of public health laws during the first wave of the pandemic; however, the overall fear and anxiety may have reflected the negative impact that the pandemic had on vulnerable populations such as the Latinx community. Although our data are a reflection of a previous time in the pandemic, we believe it captures a critical time that can be used to provide unique insights regarding potential avenues to better protect the Latinx communities against future vaccine-resistant COVID-19 strains. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/25265
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shivani N Mehta
- San Diego School Of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Amistad Medical Clinic, Santa Ana, CA, United States
| | - Zoe C Burger
- San Diego School Of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | | | - Richard S Garfein
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Dayanna O Ortiz
- San Diego School Of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Pavan K Mudhar
- Amistad Medical Clinic, Santa Ana, CA, United States
- Department of Audiology, Arizona School of Health Sciences, Mesa, AZ, United States
| | - Smit B Kothari
- Amistad Medical Clinic, Santa Ana, CA, United States
- University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Jigna Kothari
- Amistad Medical Clinic, Santa Ana, CA, United States
| | - Meena Meka
- Amistad Medical Clinic, Santa Ana, CA, United States
| | - Timothy Rodwell
- San Diego School Of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Drivers of Routine and Outbreak Vaccination Uptake in the Western Democratic Republic of Congo: An Exploratory Study in Ten Health Zones. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10071066. [PMID: 35891230 PMCID: PMC9320175 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10071066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
We performed a cross-sectional survey on vaccination-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) among randomly selected parents of <5 years-old children, elderly populations (aged ≥ 55 years), and health care workers (HCWs) in 10 health zones from 4 provinces of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Questionnaires targeted both routine (BCG, measles, polio) and outbreak-related (cholera, Ebola, COVID-19) vaccinations. In total, 2751 participants were included, 1165 parents, 1040 elderly, and 546 HCWs. In general, KAP expressed were supportive of vaccination uptake, although concerns regarding side effects and feelings of being insufficiently informed were more prevalent among parents and the elderly. Vaccine acceptance was lower for outbreak vaccinations (57%) than for routine vaccinations (90%). HCWs expressed the highest vaccine acceptance. Problems with the vaccine supply chain were reported by 20% of respondents. Despite a high level of positive KAP towards vaccination, parents and the elderly expressed a need to be better informed and had concerns regarding vaccine side-effects. A high acceptance for routine vaccinations was reported by participants, but somewhat less for outbreak vaccinations. In conclusion, HCWs in the communities could play a key role in the increased uptake of routine vaccinations and in optimizing uptake during outbreaks, provided that the supply chain is functioning well.
Collapse
|
61
|
Stratoberdha D, Gobis B, Ziemczonek A, Yuen J, Giang A, Zed PJ. Barriers to adult vaccination in Canada: A qualitative systematic review. Can Pharm J (Ott) 2022; 155:206-218. [PMID: 35813527 PMCID: PMC9266373 DOI: 10.1177/17151635221090212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: In recent years, Canadian health care professionals have observed an increase in vaccine refusal. The objective of this study is to review published literature and identify the main themes related to vaccine hesitancy and barriers to vaccination in Canadian adults and recent immigrants. Methods: A qualitative systematic review was performed. A comprehensive search of MEDLINE (1946 to January 2021) and EMBASE (1974 to January 2021) was conducted to identify existing literature that addressed the primary research question. Studies were eligible for inclusion if the study population involved 1) the general population, 2) Indigenous populations, 3) recent immigrants to Canada or 4) Canadian health care professionals. Results: Thirty-four studies were included with a focus on the general population (n = 22), health care professionals (n = 10) and recent immigrant populations (n = 2). The most frequently reported barriers were lack of vaccine information (41%), lack of access to vaccination (38%), fear of adverse reactions (38%), financial reasons (29%), lack of awareness of vaccine existence (29%), antivaccine sentiments (24%), notion that older adults do not need vaccination (18%), misconceptions on vaccine effectiveness (12%), potential sexual health promotion stigma (6%) and fear of needles (3%). Interpretation: Barriers to vaccination among Canadians and recent immigrants continue to be a challenge in the health care system. Conclusions: The greatest yield in improving vaccination rates is likely to come from supporting vaccine-hesitant individuals in shifting their thinking to greater vaccine acceptance. Pharmacists are well positioned to address vaccine hesitancy and involvement through education, facilitation and administration of vaccines. Can Pharm J (Ott) 2022;155:xx-xx.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Doris Stratoberdha
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - Barbara Gobis
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - Adrian Ziemczonek
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - Jamie Yuen
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - Annita Giang
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - Peter J. Zed
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Faculty of Medicine, the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Robinson R, Nguyen E, Wright M, Holmes J, Oliphant C, Nies M. Influences, Barriers, and Facillitators to COVID-19 Vaccination: A Cross-sectional Survey on Vaccine Hesitancy in Two Rural States (Preprint). JMIR Form Res 2022; 6:e39109. [DOI: 10.2196/39109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
63
|
Mudenda S, Hikaambo CN, Daka V, Chileshe M, Mfune RL, Kampamba M, Kasanga M, Phiri M, Mufwambi W, Banda M, Phiri MN, Mukosha M. Prevalence and factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Zambia: a web-based cross-sectional study. Pan Afr Med J 2022; 41:112. [PMID: 35465376 PMCID: PMC8994469 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2022.41.112.31219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction vaccinations against COVID-19 have been instituted to contain the pandemic. However, information about the acceptability of COVID-19 vaccines in Zambia is lacking. Therefore, the study assessed the prevalence and factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among the general population in Zambia. Methods this was an online questionnaire-based cross-sectional study conducted from 13th April to 21st May 2021. We included adult Zambians who had access to Facebook and WhatsApp. A multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to determine factors influencing vaccine acceptability. Data were analysed using Stata version 16.1. Results of the 677 participants, only 33.4% (n = 226) would accept the vaccine if made available to them. In multivariable regression analysis, respondents who were older than 41 years compared to the 18 to 23 years age group (aOR: 2.77, 95% CI: 1.03-7.48), those who agreed (aOR; 22.85, 95% CI: 11.49-45.49) or did not know (aOR; 3.73, 95% CI: 2.29-6.07) compared to those who disagreed that the COVID-19 vaccine passed through all the necessary stages to ensure its safety and effectiveness, and those who were aware (aOR; 11.13, 95% CI: 5.31-23.35) compared to those who were not aware that the COVID-19 vaccine reduces virus transmission, were more likely to accept the vaccine. Conversely, entrepreneurs compared to government employees (aOR; 0.24, 95% CI: 0.07-0.79) were less likely to accept vaccination. Conclusion awareness of the COVID-19 vaccine was high despite low acceptability levels. These findings are significant as they highlight the need to develop strategies for improving vaccine acceptability in Zambia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steward Mudenda
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 50110, Lusaka, Zambia
| | | | - Victor Daka
- Department of Public Health, Michael Chilufya Sata School of Medicine, Copperbelt University, P.O Box 71191, Ndola, Zambia
| | - Misheck Chileshe
- MaryBegg Health Services, 56 Chintu Avenue, Northrise, P.O Box 72221, Ndola, Zambia
| | - Ruth Lindizyani Mfune
- Department of Public Health, Michael Chilufya Sata School of Medicine, Copperbelt University, P.O Box 71191, Ndola, Zambia
| | - Martin Kampamba
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 50110, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Maisa Kasanga
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Margaret Phiri
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mulungushi University, P.O Box 80415 Kabwe, Zambia
| | - Webrod Mufwambi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 50110, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Michelo Banda
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 50110, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Maureen Nkandu Phiri
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 50110, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Moses Mukosha
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 50110, Lusaka, Zambia.,HIV and Women´s Health Research Group, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
J Maria AR, Cooper S, Glenton C, Lewin S, Meskell P, Suleman M, Shepperd S. Adults' views and experiences of vaccines developed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative evidence synthesis. Hippokratia 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd015291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita J Maria
- Nova Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas; Universidade NOVA de Lisboa; Lisbon Portugal
| | - Sara Cooper
- Cochrane South Africa; South African Medical Research Council; Cape Town South Africa
| | | | - Simon Lewin
- Division of Health Services; Norwegian Institute of Public Health; Oslo Norway
- Health Systems Research Unit; South African Medical Research Council; Cape Town South Africa
| | - Pauline Meskell
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery; University of Limerick; Limerick Ireland
| | - Mehrunisha Suleman
- Ethox Centre; Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford; Oxford UK
| | - Sasha Shepperd
- Nuffield Department of Population Health; University of Oxford; Oxford UK
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Shapiro Ben David S, Baruch Gez S, Rahamim-Cohen D, Shamir-Stein N, Lerner U, Ekka Zohar A. Immediate side effects of Comirnaty COVID-19 vaccine: A nationwide survey of vaccinated people in Israel, December 2020 to March 2021. EURO SURVEILLANCE : BULLETIN EUROPEEN SUR LES MALADIES TRANSMISSIBLES = EUROPEAN COMMUNICABLE DISEASE BULLETIN 2022; 27. [PMID: 35362408 PMCID: PMC8973016 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2022.27.13.2100540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundCOVID-19 vaccine safety is of major interest worldwide, since there is no prior experience with it. Israel was one of the first countries to widely use the Comirnaty vaccine.AimWe aimed to assess the vaccine's short-term side effects directly from a large population and to predict influencing factors for self-reporting side effects.MethodsIn a retrospective cohort study, we investigated self-reported systemic vaccine side-effects using electronic surveys sent to vaccinated individuals between 20 December 2020 and 11 March 2021, within 3 days following administration of the first and second dose. We determined predictors for reporting systemic side effects by logistic regression.ResultsA total of 1,213,693 patients received at least one vaccine dose and 301,537 (24.8%) answered at least one survey. Among them, 68,162 (30.4%) and 89,854 (59.9%) individuals filled the first and the second dose surveys, respectively, and reported one or more side effects. Most common side effects were fatigue, headache and myalgia. Several respondents reported facial paraesthesia after first and second dose, respectively (n = 1,675; 0.7% and n = 1,601; 1.1%). Individuals younger than 40 years and women reported side effects more frequently than others, but pregnant women reported less. Pregnancy was a weak predictor for reporting any side effect in general and in particular fatigue, myalgia, headache, chills and fever.ConclusionsWe found further support for minor short-term side effects, within 3 days of receiving the Comirnaty vaccine. These findings from vaccine recipients in general and pregnant women in particular can improve vaccine acceptance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Uri Lerner
- Health Division, Maccabi Healthcare Services, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anat Ekka Zohar
- Health Division, Maccabi Healthcare Services, Tel Aviv, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Kumar D, Mathur M, Kumar N, Rana RK, Tiwary RC, Raghav PR, Kumar A, Kapoor N, Mathur M, Tanu T, Sethia S, Lahariya C. Understanding the phases of vaccine hesitancy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Isr J Health Policy Res 2022; 11:16. [PMID: 35317859 PMCID: PMC8939479 DOI: 10.1186/s13584-022-00527-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy is an important feature of every vaccination and COVID-19 vaccination is not an exception. During the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccine hesitancy has exhibited different phases and has shown both temporal and spatial variation in these phases. This has likely arisen due to varied socio-behavioural characteristics of humans and their response towards COVID 19 pandemic and its vaccination strategies. This commentary highlights that there are multiple phases of vaccine hesitancy: Vaccine Eagerness, Vaccine Ignorance, Vaccine Resistance, Vaccine Confidence, Vaccine Complacency and Vaccine Apathy. Though the phases seem to be sequential, they may co-exist at the same time in different regions and at different times in the same region. This may be attributed to several factors influencing the phases of vaccine hesitancy. The complexities of the societal reactions need to be understood in full to be addressed better. There is a dire need of different strategies of communication to deal with the various nuances of all of the phases. To address of vaccine hesitancy, an understanding of the societal reactions leading to various phases of vaccine hesitancy is of utmost importance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dewesh Kumar
- Department of PSM, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834001, India.
| | - Mansi Mathur
- Immunization Technical Support Unit, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, New Delhi, India
| | - Nitesh Kumar
- Department of Community Medicine, Subharti Medical College, Meerut, U.P., India
| | | | | | - Pankaja Ravi Raghav
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, AIIMS, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Amarendra Kumar
- Subregional Team Leader Office, WHO Country Office for India, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | | | - Medha Mathur
- Department of Community Medicine, Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Tanya Tanu
- Department of PSM, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834001, India
| | - Soumitra Sethia
- Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Khandwa, M.P., India
| | | |
Collapse
|
67
|
Sengupta M, Dutta S, Roy A, Chakrabarti S, Mukhopadhyay I. Knowledge, attitude and practice survey towards COVID-19 vaccination: A mediation analysis. Int J Health Plann Manage 2022; 37:2063-2080. [PMID: 35229357 PMCID: PMC9087425 DOI: 10.1002/hpm.3449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted human lives across the world. In a country like India, with the second highest population in the world, impact of COVID-19 has been diverse and multidimensional. Under such circumstances, vaccination against COVID-19 infection is claimed to be one of the major solutions to contain the pandemic. Understanding of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) measures are essential prerequisites to design suitable intervention programs. This paper examines the different KAP factors in Indians towards their decision of vaccine uptake. METHOD An online questionnaire was administered to Indian respondents. (Pilot study: n = 100, Main study: n = 221) to assess their existing knowledge on COVID-19 infections and vaccination, attitude and intentions towards COVID-19 vaccines and their decision towards COVID-19 vaccine uptake. RESULT The findings highlighted that existing knowledge on COVID-19 infections and vaccination directly impacted their attitude and intention towards vaccination. The attitude and intention towards COVID-19 vaccines directly impacted their practice of undergoing COVID-19 vaccination. Further, there was a statistically significant and considerably large indirect effect of existing knowledge on COVID-19 infections and vaccination on the practice of undergoing COVID-19 vaccination through attitude and intention towards the vaccine. There was no direct effect of Knowledge (existing knowledge on COVID-19 infections and vaccination) on Practice (decision to undergo COVID-19 vaccination). Therefore, Attitude and intention towards COVID-19 vaccine is the primary mediator between Knowledge (existing knowledge on COVID-19 infections and vaccination) and Practice (decision to undergo COVID-19 vaccination). CONCLUSION Participants decision towards COVID-19 vaccination decisions are strongly related to their attitude and intentions that confirms the strong role of attitude towards success of COVID-19 vaccination programme. Therefore, 'person-centric' attitude based positive intervention strategies that links their prior knowledge on COVID-19 infections and vaccination must be designed for greater vaccine acceptance amongst Indians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Smita Dutta
- University of Engineering & Management, Kolkata, India
| | - Arijit Roy
- Cradle Fertility Centre, Kolkata, Chikitsa Medicare Centre Pvt Ltd, Kolkata, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
68
|
Heyerdahl LW, Vray M, Lana B, Tvardik N, Gobat N, Wanat M, Tonkin-Crine S, Anthierens S, Goossens H, Giles-Vernick T. Conditionality of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in European countries. Vaccine 2022; 40:1191-1197. [PMID: 35125225 PMCID: PMC8806150 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.01.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 vaccine rollout has offered a powerful preventive measure to help control SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Nevertheless, long-standing public hesitation around vaccines heightened concerns that vaccine coverage would not achieve desired public health impacts, particularly in light of more contagious variants. This cross-sectional survey was conducted online just before the European vaccine rollout in December 2020 among 7000 respondents (aged 18–65) in Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden, and Ukraine. The survey included open text boxes for fuller explanation of responses. Overall, 56.9% of respondents would accept a COVID-19 vaccine, 19.0% would not, and 24.1% did not know or preferred not to say. By country, between 44% (France) and 66% (Italy) of respondents would accept a COVID-19 vaccine. Respondents expressed conditionality in open responses, voicing concerns about vaccine safety and mistrust of authorities. We highlight lessons learned about the dynamism of vaccine conditionality and persistence of safety concerns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo W Heyerdahl
- Anthropology & Ecology of Disease Emergence Unit, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Muriel Vray
- Emerging Diseases Epidemiology Unit, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Benedetta Lana
- Anthropology & Ecology of Disease Emergence Unit, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Nastassia Tvardik
- Anthropology & Ecology of Disease Emergence Unit, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Nina Gobat
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford Radcliffe Primary Care Building, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Oxford, UK
| | - Marta Wanat
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford Radcliffe Primary Care Building, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah Tonkin-Crine
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford Radcliffe Primary Care Building, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Oxford, UK
| | - Sibyl Anthierens
- Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, University of Antwerp, Gouverneur Kinsbergen, Doornstraat 331, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Herman Goossens
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Tamara Giles-Vernick
- Anthropology & Ecology of Disease Emergence Unit, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Gerken KN, Mutuku FM, Ndenga BA, Agola GA, Migliore E, Fabre EP, Malumbo S, Shaita KN, Rezende IM, LaBeaud AD. Urban risk factors for human Rift Valley fever virus exposure in Kenya. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 2:e0000505. [PMID: 36962424 PMCID: PMC10021321 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0000505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is a zoonotic arbovirus that can also transmit directly to humans from livestock. Previous studies have shown consumption of sick animal products are risk factors for RVFV infection, but it is difficult to disentangle those risk factors from other livestock rearing activities. Urban areas have an increased demand for animal source foods, different vector distributions, and various arboviruses are understood to establish localized urban transmission cycles. Thus far, RVFV is an unevaluated public health risk in urban areas within endemic regions. We tested participants in our ongoing urban cohort study on dengue (DENV) and chikungunya (CHIKV) virus for RVFV exposure and found 1.6% (57/3,560) of individuals in two urban areas of Kenya had anti-RVFV IgG antibodies. 88% (50/57) of RVFV exposed participants also had antibodies to DENV, CHIKV, or both. Although livestock ownership was very low in urban study sites, RVFV exposure was overall significantly associated with seeing goats around the homestead (OR = 2.34 (CI 95%: 1.18-4.69, p = 0.02) and in Kisumu, RVFV exposure was associated with consumption of raw milk (OR = 6.28 (CI 95%: 0.94-25.21, p = 0.02). In addition, lack of piped water and use of small jugs (15-20 liters) for water was associated with a higher risk of RVFV exposure (OR = 5.36 (CI 95%: 1.23-16.44, p = 0.01) and this may contribute to interepidemic vector-borne maintenance of RVFV. We also investigated perception towards human vaccination for RVFV and identified high acceptance (91% (97/105) at our study sites. This study provides baseline evidence to guide future studies investigating the urban potential of RVFV and highlights the unexplored role of animal products in continued spread of RVFV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keli Nicole Gerken
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Francis Maluki Mutuku
- Department of Environment and Health Sciences, Technical University of Mombasa, Mombasa, Kenya
| | | | | | - Eleonora Migliore
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Eduardo Palacios Fabre
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Said Malumbo
- Vector Borne Disease Control Unit, Msambweni County Referral Hospital, Kwale, Kenya
| | | | - Izabela Mauricio Rezende
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - A Desiree LaBeaud
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Amit AML, Pepito VCF, Sumpaico-Tanchanco L, Dayrit MM. COVID-19 vaccine brand hesitancy and other challenges to vaccination in the Philippines. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 2:e0000165. [PMID: 36962166 PMCID: PMC10021706 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0000165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Effective and safe COVID-19 vaccines have been developed at a rapid and unprecedented pace to control the spread of the virus, and prevent hospitalisations and deaths. However, COVID-19 vaccine uptake is challenged by vaccine hesitancy and anti-vaccination sentiments, a global shortage of vaccine supply, and inequitable vaccine distribution especially among low- and middle-income countries including the Philippines. In this paper, we explored vaccination narratives and challenges experienced and observed by Filipinos during the early vaccination period. We interviewed 35 individuals from a subsample of 1,599 survey respondents 18 years and older in the Philippines. The interviews were conducted in Filipino, Cebuano, and/or English via online platforms such as Zoom or via phone call. All interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, translated, and analysed using inductive content analysis. To highlight the complex reasons for delaying and/or refusing COVID-19 vaccines, we embedded our findings within the social ecological model. Our analysis showed that individual perceptions play a major role in the decision to vaccinate. Such perceptions are shaped by exposure to (mis)information amplified by the media, the community, and the health system. Social networks may either positively or negatively impact vaccination uptake, depending on their views on vaccines. Political issues contribute to vaccine brand hesitancy, resulting in vaccination delays and refusals. Perceptions about the inefficiency and inflexibility of the system also create additional barriers to the vaccine rollout in the country, especially among vulnerable and marginalised groups. Recognising and addressing concerns at all levels are needed to improve COVID-19 vaccination uptake and reach. Strengthening health literacy is a critical tool to combat misinformation that undermines vaccine confidence. Vaccination systems must also consider the needs of marginalised and vulnerable groups to ensure their access to vaccines. In all these efforts to improve vaccine uptake, governments will need to engage with communities to 'co-create' solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Maever L Amit
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Ateneo de Manila University, Manila, Philippines
| | | | - Lourdes Sumpaico-Tanchanco
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Ateneo de Manila University, Manila, Philippines
- The Medical City, Manila, Philippines
| | - Manuel M Dayrit
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Ateneo de Manila University, Manila, Philippines
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Marzo RR, Ahmad A, Islam MS, Essar MY, Heidler P, King I, Thiyagarajan A, Jermsittiparsert K, Songwathana K, Younus DA, El-Abasiri RA, Bicer BK, Pham NT, Respati T, Fitriyana S, Faller EM, Baldonado AM, Billah MA, Aung Y, Hassan SM, Asad MM, El-Fass KA, Bhattacharya S, Shrestha S, Hamza NAE, Friedmann P, Head M, Lin Y, Yi S. Perceived COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness, acceptance, and drivers of vaccination decision-making among the general adult population: A global survey of 20 countries. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010103. [PMID: 35089917 PMCID: PMC8797205 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mass vaccination campaigns have significantly reduced the COVID-19 burden. However, vaccine hesitancy has posed significant global concerns. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics that influence perceptions of COVID-19 vaccine efficacy, acceptability, hesitancy and decision making to take vaccine among general adult populations in a variety of socioeconomic and cultural contexts. Methods Using a snowball sampling approach, we conducted an online cross-sectional study in 20 countries across four continents from February to May 2021. Results A total of 10,477 participants were included in the analyses with a mean age of 36±14.3 years. The findings revealed the prevalence of perceptions towards COVID-19 vaccine’s effectiveness (78.8%), acceptance (81.8%), hesitancy (47.2%), and drivers of vaccination decision-making (convenience [73.3%], health providers’ advice [81.8%], and costs [57.0%]). The county-wise distribution included effectiveness (67.8–95.9%; 67.8% in Egypt to 95.9% in Malaysia), acceptance (64.7–96.0%; 64.7% in Australia to 96.0% in Malaysia), hesitancy (31.5–86.0%; 31.5% in Egypt to 86.0% in Vietnam), convenience (49.7–95.7%; 49.7% in Austria to 95.7% in Malaysia), advice (66.1–97.3%; 66.1% in Austria to 97.3% in Malaysia), and costs (16.0–91.3%; 16.0% in Vietnam to 91.3% in Malaysia). In multivariable regression analysis, several socio-demographic characteristics were identified as associated factors of outcome variables including, i) vaccine effectiveness: younger age, male, urban residence, higher education, and higher income; ii) acceptance: younger age, male, urban residence, higher education, married, and higher income; and iii) hesitancy: male, higher education, employed, unmarried, and lower income. Likewise, the factors associated with vaccination decision-making including i) convenience: younger age, urban residence, higher education, married, and lower income; ii) advice: younger age, urban residence, higher education, unemployed/student, married, and medium income; and iii) costs: younger age, higher education, unemployed/student, and lower income. Conclusions Most participants believed that vaccination would effectively control and prevent COVID-19, and they would take vaccinations upon availability. Determinant factors found in this study are critical and should be considered as essential elements in developing COVID-19 vaccination campaigns to boost vaccination uptake in the populations. This large-scale multi-country study explores perceived COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness, acceptability, and hesitancy rates and their related factors among the general adult populations from 20 countries. We found that a considerable proportion of the participants has an intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. However, more than half still expressed their hesitancy to receive the vaccines. Countries where the majority of respondents responded that they would accept COVID-19 vaccination included Malaysia (96.0%), Bangladesh (93.6%), and Iraq (91.8%). The majority of the participants from Vietnam (86.0%) and Turkey (74.7%) expressed hesitance to receive COVID-19 vaccine. Perceived vaccine effectiveness ranged from 67.8% in Egypt to 95.9% in Malaysia. The participants believed that convenience, health providers’ advice, and costs of vaccines are important for people to decide whether to accept COVID-19 vaccines. Country of residence, age, sex, level of education, area of residence, marital status, and family economic status were significantly associated with tendency to undergo COVID-19 vaccination and the perception that COVID-19 vaccine decision-making is influenced by convenience. The findings of this study provide useful guidance for tailored interventions to enhance the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine. Promotional program addressed on detected socioeconomic factors is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roy Rillera Marzo
- Department of Community Medicine, International Medical School, Management and Science University, Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Asia Metropolitan University, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
- Global Public Health, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Absar Ahmad
- Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Tata Medical College, Jamshedpur, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Md. Saiful Islam
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Petra Heidler
- Department of Health Sciences, St. Pölten University of Applied Sciences, St. Pölten, Austria
- Department of International Business and Export Management, IMC University of Applied Sciences Krems, Krems an der Donau, Austria
- University for Continuing Education Krems, Department for Economy and Health, Krems, Austria
| | - Isabel King
- University of the Sunshine Coast, School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, Maroochydore, Australia
- Sunshine Coast Health Institute, Sunshine Coast University Hospital and Health Service, Birtinya, Australia
| | - Arulmani Thiyagarajan
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology—BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | | | | | - Delan Ameen Younus
- General Directorate for Scientific Research Center, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
| | | | - Burcu Kucuk Bicer
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Education and Informatics, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nhat Tan Pham
- School of Business, International University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Titik Respati
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Graduate Studies, Universitas Islam Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Susan Fitriyana
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Erwin Martinez Faller
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, San Pedro College, Davao City, Philippines
| | | | - Md Arif Billah
- Faculty of Business, Economics and Social Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Yadanar Aung
- Medical Statistics Division, Department of Medical Research, Pyin Oo Lwin, Myanmar
- Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | | | | | - Kareem Ahmed El-Fass
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al Hassa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sudip Bhattacharya
- Department of Community Medicine, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Dehradun, India
| | - Sunil Shrestha
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | | | - Pascal Friedmann
- Lumpkin College of Business and Technology, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Michael Head
- Clinical Informatics Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Yulan Lin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Siyan Yi
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- KHANA Center for Population Health Research, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
- Center for Global Health Research, Touro University California, Vallejo, California, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Okoro O, Kennedy J, Simmons G, Vosen EC, Allen K, Singer D, Scott D, Roberts R. Exploring the Scope and Dimensions of Vaccine Hesitancy and Resistance to Enhance COVID-19 Vaccination in Black Communities. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2022; 9:2117-2130. [PMID: 34553340 PMCID: PMC8457035 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-021-01150-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The long history of distrust that characterizes the relationship between the Black/African-American population and the US Medical community makes COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy of great concern. A needs assessment of the Black/African-American community assessed willingness and explored the perceptions of community members regarding COVID-19 vaccination. METHODS The study used a mixed-methods approach. Respondents (n = 183) were surveyed with a web-based questionnaire. They were asked whether there would get vaccinated for COVID-19 barring any access or cost-related challenges. Perceptions of community members regarding vaccination were explored through one-on-one interviews (n = 30) and eight focus groups (n = 49), with participants drawn from across various demographic characteristics. Survey responses were summarized using frequencies and proportions. A thematic analysis was conducted on the qualitative data. RESULTS Thirty-four percent of respondents indicated "Yes" (willing to get vaccinated); 26.8% indicated "No", while 37.1% expressed hesitancy ("Maybe" or "I don't know"). Themes emerging from the qualitative data are grouped into three broad categories: vaccine accessibility (transportation, information, navigating healthcare system); vaccine hesitancy (with sub-categories of compliance, complacency and confidence); and vaccine "resistance" (conspiracy theories, conflicting beliefs, distrust of Government, trustworthiness of Health care). CONCLUSION Findings demonstrate a nuanced expansion of "vaccine hesitancy" to delineate groups with varying issues and perspectives. Interventions to enhance vaccination rates in Black/African-American communities should incorporate components that assure accessibility at the minimum, but also address non-access-related issues. Priority should be given to enhancing vaccine literacy, information-sharing as efficacy and safety data emerge, and addressing specific concerns identified through community-engaged outreach efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olihe Okoro
- grid.17635.360000000419368657Department of Pharmacy Practice & Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN USA
| | - Janet Kennedy
- Healthy Alliances Matter for All LLC, Duluth, MN USA
| | - Glenn Simmons
- grid.17635.360000000419368657Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School Duluth, Duluth, MN USA
| | - Elyse Carter Vosen
- grid.418807.20000 0004 0397 1478Department of Global, Cultural, and Language Studies, College of St. Scholastica, Duluth, MN USA
| | | | - Desiré Singer
- Healthy Alliances Matter for All LLC, Duluth, MN USA
| | - Desmond Scott
- Healthy Alliances Matter for All LLC, Duluth, MN USA
| | - Renee Roberts
- grid.17635.360000000419368657Department of Pharmacy Practice & Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN USA
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Boche B, Kebede O, Damessa M, Gudeta T, Wakjira D. Health Professionals' COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance and Associated Factors in Tertiary Hospitals of South-West Ethiopia: A Multi-Center Cross- Sectional Study. INQUIRY : A JOURNAL OF MEDICAL CARE ORGANIZATION, PROVISION AND FINANCING 2022; 59:469580221083181. [PMID: 35285341 PMCID: PMC8919101 DOI: 10.1177/00469580221083181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine by health professionals highly influences the communities' decision to receive the vaccine, because health professionals are perceived to be a reliable source of health information. Hence, this study aimed at assessing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and associated factors among health professionals in two tertiary hospitals in southwest Ethiopia. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 319 health professionals working in Jimma University Medical Center and Mizan-Tepi university teaching hospital, southwest Ethiopia, from June 30, 2021 to July 30, 2021. Data were collected by a structured self-administered questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS version 23. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify independent factors associated with health professionals' covid-19 vaccine acceptance. Variables with P-value < .25 on univariate analysis were candidates for multivariate logistic regression. Then, variables with P-value < .05 at 95% CI in multivariate logistics regression were considered statistically significant. RESULTS Of the total participants, 232 (72.73%) received COVID-19 vaccines. Among non-vaccinated health care professionals, 82 (94.3%) of them stated, worries about the safety and side effects of the vaccines, as the reason for non-acceptance. Factors such as, friends or families diagnosed with COVID-19 (AOR = .086; CI: 95%, .041-.18; P = .001), and attitudes and beliefs about COVID-19 and its vaccine (AOR = .129; CI: 95%, .037-.449; P = .001), were significantly associated with the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine. CONCLUSION More than one-fourth of health professionals who did not accept COVID-19 vaccines require immediate intervention through awareness creation on the safety and adverse effects of the vaccine by the government and other stakeholders. Otherwise, the community may in large reject the vaccine as they trust health professionals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bekele Boche
- Department of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, 247532Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia
| | - Oliyad Kebede
- Department of Social Pharmacy and Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, 145052Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia
| | - Mekonnen Damessa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, 247532Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Gudeta
- Department of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, 247532Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia
| | - Diriba Wakjira
- School of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, 247532Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Wu J, Li Q, Silver Tarimo C, Wang M, Gu J, Wei W, Ma M, Zhao L, Mu Z, Miao Y. COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Chinese Population: A Large-Scale National Study. Front Immunol 2021; 12:781161. [PMID: 34912346 PMCID: PMC8666422 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.781161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, vaccine hesitancy is a growing public health problem. It is detrimental to the consolidation of immunization program achievements and elimination of vaccine-targeted diseases. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in China and explore its contributing factors. A national cross-sectional online survey among Chinese adults (≥18 years old) was conducted between August 6, 2021 and August 9 via a market research company. We collected sociodemographic information; lifestyle behavior; quality of life; the knowledge, awareness, and behavior of COVID-19; the knowledge, awareness, and behavior of COVID-19 vaccine; willingness of COVID-19 vaccination; accessibility of COVID-19 vaccination services; skepticism about COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccine; doctor and vaccine developer scale; and so on. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to estimate the associations by using logistic regression models. A total of 29,925 residents (48.64% men) were enrolled in our study with mean age of 30.99 years. We found an overall prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy at 8.40% (95% CI, 8.09–8.72) in primary vaccination and 8.39% (95% CI, 8.07–8.70) in booster vaccination. In addition, after adjusting for potential confounders, we found that women, higher educational level, married residents, higher score of health condition, never smoked, increased washing hands, increased wearing mask, increased social distance, lower level of vaccine conspiracy beliefs, disease risks outweigh vaccine risk, higher level of convenient vaccination, and higher level of trust in doctor and developer were more willing to vaccinate than all others (all p < 0.05). Age, sex, educational level, marital status, chronic disease condition, smoking, healthy behaviors, the curability of COVID-19, the channel of accessing information of COVID-19 vaccine, endorsement of vaccine conspiracy beliefs, weigh risks of vaccination against risks of the disease, making a positive influence on the health of others around you, and lower trust in healthcare system may affect the variation of willingness to take a COVID-19 vaccine (all p < 0.05). The prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was modest in China, even with the slight resulting cascade of changing vaccination rates between the primary and booster vaccination. Urgent action to address vaccine hesitancy is needed in building trust in medical personnel and vaccine producers, promoting the convenience of vaccination services, and spreading reliable information of COVID-19 vaccination via the Internet and other media.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wu
- Department of Health Management of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Quanman Li
- Department of Health Management of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Clifford Silver Tarimo
- Department of Health Management of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Meiyun Wang
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianqin Gu
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingze Ma
- Department of Health Management of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lipei Zhao
- Department of Health Management of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zihan Mu
- Department of Health Management of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yudong Miao
- Department of Health Management of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Rosen B. Sharing reflections and expressing appreciation upon completing a decade as co-editor of the IJHPR. Isr J Health Policy Res 2021; 10:63. [PMID: 34906244 PMCID: PMC8670875 DOI: 10.1186/s13584-021-00497-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Israel Journal of Health Policy Research (IJHPR) was launched in January 2012. In December 2021 it will be completing 10 years of continuous publication. I have had the privilege of serving as the journal’s co-editor in chief during this period, and after ten years of service I am now preparing to step down from that role. IJHPR achievements of which I am particularly proud include remaining true to its mission, attracting manuscripts from virtually all the Israeli institutions engaged in health policy research as well as many leading institutions abroad, widening the circle of Israeli professionals who are submitting manuscripts to journals, and helping many established Israeli academics expand their repertoires to include articles with strong policy components. Several people and organizations have helped make editing the IJHPR such a wonderful experience for me. They include IJHPR co-editor Avi Israeli, IJHPR associate editor Steve Schoenbaum, the Israel National Institute for Health Policy Research (which sponsors the journal), BioMed Central (which publishes the journal), the Myers-JDC-Brookdale Institute (my employer), my family (and particularly my wife, Laura Rosen), and the thousands of authors who have chosen to publish with the IJHPR. May the journal’s second decade be even better than its first one!
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruce Rosen
- Myers-JDC-Brookdale Institute, JDC Hill, Jerusalem, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Olagoke A, Caskey R, Floyd B, Hebert-Beirne J, Boyd A, Molina Y. The interdependent roles of the psychosocial predictors of human papillomavirus vaccination among Christian parents of unvaccinated adolescents. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:5433-5438. [PMID: 34856881 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.2006027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the availability of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, uptake has been sub-optimal among certain religious groups. Psychosocial factors (threat appraisal, coping appraisal, and attitudes) have been identified as independent determinants of HPV vaccination. However, their interdependent effects have not been tested. We examined the interdependency of these psychosocial factors in predicting HPV vaccination intention among Christian parents of unvaccinated adolescents (using a theory-driven conceptual model). A cross-sectional study of 342 participants showed that perceived self-efficacy (β = 0.2, 0.11-0.29, p = <0.0001) and perceived response efficacy of HPV vaccine (β = 0.65, 0.53-0.77. p < .0001) were positively associated with vaccination intention. Our mediation analysis (using the Preachers and Hayes' approach) shows that attitudes toward HPV vaccination mediated 59% of the relationship between perceived self-efficacy to vaccinate child and HPV vaccination intention; and 61% of the relationship between perceived response efficacy of HPV vaccine and HPV vaccination intention. Attitudes may be the psychosocial factor that drives the effects of coping appraisal. Therefore, designing an attitude-based intervention to address religious barrier beliefs among Christian parents may nullify the impact of low self-efficacy and response efficacy on HPV vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayokunle Olagoke
- Division of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rachel Caskey
- Division of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA.,Sections of General Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA.,Chicago Cancer Center, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Brenikki Floyd
- Division of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jennifer Hebert-Beirne
- Division of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andrew Boyd
- Department of Biomedical and Health Information Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yamilé Molina
- Division of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA.,Chicago Cancer Center, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA.,College of Medicine, Center for Research on Women and Gender, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Rosiello DF, Anwar S, Yufika A, Adam RY, Ismaeil MIH, Ismail AY, Dahman NBH, Hafsi M, Ferjani M, Sami FS, Monib FA, Subramaniam R, Anandu S, Haque MA, Ferreto LED, Aburto JTO, Rojas JET, Enitan SS, Yomi AR, Ezigbo ED, Babadi E, Kakemam E, Malik NI, Ullah I, Sallam M. Acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination at different hypothetical efficacy and safety levels in ten countries in Asia, Africa, and South America. NARRA J 2021; 1:e55. [PMID: 38450212 PMCID: PMC10914086 DOI: 10.52225/narra.v1i3.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy, defined as the reluctance or rejection in receiving a vaccine despite its availability, represents a major challenge to global health efforts aiming to control the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Understanding the possible factors correlated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy using a refined well-informed approach can be helpful to address the phenomenon. The current study aimed to evaluate COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates using four hypothetical scenarios of varying levels of vaccine efficacy and safety profiles in ten Asian, African and South American countries. These scenarios included: 95% efficacy and 20% side effects (Vaccine A), 75% efficacy and 5% side effects (Vaccine B); 75% efficacy and 20% side effects (Vaccine C) and 50% efficacy and 5% side effects (Vaccine D). This study used a self-administered online survey that was distributed during February-May 2021. The total number of study respondents was 1337 with countries of residence as follows: India (21.1%), Pakistan (12.9%), Sudan (11.2%), Nigeria (9.3%), Iran (8.2%), Bangladesh and Brazil (7.9%), Chile (7.7%), Tunisia (7.6%), and Egypt (6.2%). The overall acceptance rates for COVID-19 vaccination were variable based on varying degrees of safety and efficacy as follows: 55.6% for Vaccine C, 58.3% for Vaccine D, 74.0% for Vaccine A and 80.1% for Vaccine B. The highest levels of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance were observed in Brazil followed by Chile across the four different safety and efficacy scenarios. The lowest COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates were reported in Egypt and Tunisia for the low safety scenarios (20% side effects), and the low efficacy scenario (50% efficacy). The study revealed the potential effect of vaccine safety and efficacy on the intention to get COVID-19 vaccination. At the same efficacy level, higher possibility of side effects caused a large drop in COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate. This indicates the importance of accurate communication regarding vaccine safety and efficacy on attitude towards the vaccine and intentions to get vaccinated. Regional differences in COVID-19 vaccine acceptance were observed with the Middle East/North African countries showing the lowest rates and the South American countries displaying the highest vaccine acceptance rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dott F. Rosiello
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Disease, Sapienza-University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Samsul Anwar
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Amanda Yufika
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Asma Y. Ismail
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sudan International University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | | | - Montacer Hafsi
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunisia
| | - Manel Ferjani
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunisia
| | - Farah S. Sami
- Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fatma A Monib
- Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - R Subramaniam
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Nellikuzhi, Kothamangalam, Kerala, India
| | - Sunil Anandu
- Division of Veterinary Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Md Ariful Haque
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Lirane ED. Ferreto
- Department of Public Health and Postgraduate Program in Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Western Paraná State University, Brazil
| | - José TO. Aburto
- Faculty of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Jorge ET. Rojas
- Faculty of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Seyi S. Enitan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Akele R. Yomi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Afe Babalola University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Eyiuche D. Ezigbo
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences & Technology University of Nigeria, Enugu State Nigeria
| | | | - Edris Kakemam
- Iranian Center of Excellence in Health Management, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Najma I. Malik
- Department of Psychology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Ullah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kabir Medical College, Gandhara University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Malik Sallam
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman Jordan
- Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman Jordan
- Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Biswas MR, Alzubaidi MS, Shah U, Abd-Alrazaq AA, Shah Z. A Scoping Review to Find Out Worldwide COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Its Underlying Determinants. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:1243. [PMID: 34835174 PMCID: PMC8624792 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9111243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current crisis created by the coronavirus pandemic is impacting all facets of life. Coronavirus vaccines have been developed to prevent coronavirus infection and fight the pandemic. Since vaccines might be the only way to prevent and stop the spread of coronavirus. The World Health Organization (WHO) has already approved several vaccines, and many countries have started vaccinating people. Misperceptions about vaccines persist despite the evidence of vaccine safety and efficacy. OBJECTIVES To explore the scientific literature and find the determinants for worldwide COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy as reported in the literature. METHODS PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines were followed to conduct a scoping review of literature on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and willingness to vaccinate. Several databases (e.g., MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Google Scholar) were searched to find relevant articles. Intervention- (i.e., COVID-19 vaccine) and outcome- (i.e., hesitancy) related terms were used to search in these databases. The search was conducted on 22 February 2021. Both forward and backward reference lists were checked to find further studies. Three reviewers worked independently to select articles and extract data from selected literature. Studies that used a quantitative survey to measure COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and acceptance were included in this review. The extracted data were synthesized following the narrative approach and results were represented graphically with appropriate figures and tables. RESULTS 82 studies were included in this scoping review of 882 identified from our search. Sometimes, several studies had been performed in the same country, and it was observed that vaccine hesitancy was high earlier and decreased over time with the hope of vaccine efficacy. People in different countries had varying percentages of vaccine uptake (28-86.1%), vaccine hesitancy (10-57.8%), vaccine refusal (0-24%). The most common determinants affecting vaccination intention include vaccine efficacy, vaccine side effects, mistrust in healthcare, religious beliefs, and trust in information sources. Additionally, vaccination intentions are influenced by demographic factors such as age, gender, education, and region. CONCLUSIONS The underlying factors of vaccine hesitancy are complex and context-specific, varying across time and socio-demographic variables. Vaccine hesitancy can also be influenced by other factors such as health inequalities, socioeconomic disadvantages, systemic racism, and level of exposure to misinformation online, with some factors being more dominant in certain countries than others. Therefore, strategies tailored to cultures and socio-psychological factors need to be developed to reduce vaccine hesitancy and aid informed decision-making.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Rafiul Biswas
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha 34110, Qatar; (M.S.A.); (U.S.); (A.A.A.-A.)
| | | | | | | | - Zubair Shah
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha 34110, Qatar; (M.S.A.); (U.S.); (A.A.A.-A.)
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Liu J, Lu S, Lu C. Exploring and Monitoring the Reasons for Hesitation with COVID-19 Vaccine Based on Social-Platform Text and Classification Algorithms. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9101353. [PMID: 34683033 PMCID: PMC8544370 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9101353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is globally rampant, and it is the common goal of all countries to eliminate hesitation in taking the COVID-19 vaccine and achieve herd immunity as soon as possible. However, people are generally more hesitant about the COVID-19 vaccine than about other conventional vaccines, and exploring the specific reasons for hesitation with the COVID-19 vaccine is crucial. (2) Methods: this paper selected text data from a social platform to conduct qualitative analysis of the text to structure COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy reasons, and then conducted semiautomatic quantitative content analysis of the text through a supervised machine-learning method to classify them. (3) Results: on the basis of a large number of studies and news reports on vaccine hesitancy, we structured 12 types of the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy reasons. Then, in the experiment, we conducted comparative analysis of three classifiers: support vector machine (SVM), logistic regression (LR), and naive Bayes classifier (NBC). Results show that the SVM classification model with TF-IDF and SMOTE had the best performance. (4) Conclusions: our study structured 12 types of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy reasons through qualitative analysis, filling in the gaps of previous studies. At the same time, this work provides public health institutions with a monitoring tool to support efforts to mitigate and eliminate COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.
Collapse
|
80
|
Hossain MB, Alam MZ, Islam MS, Sultan S, Faysal MM, Rima S, Hossain MA, Mamun AA. Health Belief Model, Theory of Planned Behavior, or Psychological Antecedents: What Predicts COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Better Among the Bangladeshi Adults? Front Public Health 2021; 9:711066. [PMID: 34490193 PMCID: PMC8418098 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.711066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the prevalence and investigate the constellations of psychological determinants of the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among the Bangladeshi adult population utilizing the health belief model-HBM (perceived susceptibility to and severity of COVID-19, perceived benefits of and barriers to COVID-19 vaccination, and cues to action), the theory of planned behavior-TPB (attitude toward COVID-19 vaccine, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and anticipated regret), and the 5C psychological antecedents (confidence, constraints, complacency, calculation, and collective responsibility). We compared the predictability of these theoretical frameworks to see which framework explains the highest variance in COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. This study adopted a cross-sectional research design. We collected data from a nationally representative sample of 1,497 respondents through both online and face-to-face interviews. We employed multiple linear regression analysis to assess the predictability of each model of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. We found a 41.1% prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among our study respondents. After controlling the effects of socio-economic, demographic, and other COVID-19 related covariates, we found that the TPB has the highest predictive power (adjusted R 2 = 0.43), followed by the 5C psychological antecedents of vaccination (adjusted R 2 = 0.32) and the HBM (adjusted R 2 = 0.31) in terms of explaining total variance in the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among the adults of Bangladesh. This study provides evidence that theoretical frameworks like the HBM, the TPB, and the 5C psychological antecedents can be used to explore the psychological determinants of vaccine hesitancy, where the TPB has the highest predictability. Our findings can be used to design targeted interventions to reduce vaccine hesitancy and increase vaccine uptake to prevent COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Md. Zakiul Alam
- Department of Population Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Syful Islam
- Department of Population Science, Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Shafayat Sultan
- Department of Population Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Mahir Faysal
- Department of Population Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sharmin Rima
- Ovibashi Karmi Unnayan Program, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Anwer Hossain
- Department of Population Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- Department of Population Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Kumar D, Mathur M, Tanu T, Singh M, Kumari N, Mathur M, Lahariya C, Kapoor N, Mohapatra A, Rana RK, Anand P, Bhardwaj P. Setting up an epidemiological surveillance system for vaccine hesitancy outbreaks and illustration of its steps of investigation. Fam Med Community Health 2021; 9:fmch-2021-001080. [PMID: 34353892 PMCID: PMC8982262 DOI: 10.1136/fmch-2021-001080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dewesh Kumar
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Medha Mathur
- Department of Community Medicine, Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Tanya Tanu
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Mahendra Singh
- Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences-Rishikesh, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Neelanjali Kumari
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Mansi Mathur
- Surveillance, Immunization Technical Support Unit, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Archisman Mohapatra
- Generating Research Insights for Development (GRID) Council, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rishabh Kumar Rana
- Preventive and Social Medicine, Shaheed Nirmal Mahto Medical College, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India
| | - Prerna Anand
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Pankaj Bhardwaj
- Community Medicine and Family Medicine, AIIMS Jodphur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Rosen B, Waitzberg R, Israeli A, Hartal M, Davidovitch N. Addressing vaccine hesitancy and access barriers to achieve persistent progress in Israel's COVID-19 vaccination program. Isr J Health Policy Res 2021; 10:43. [PMID: 34340714 PMCID: PMC8326649 DOI: 10.1186/s13584-021-00481-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
As of March 31, 2021, Israel had administered 116 doses of vaccine for COVID-19 per 100 population (of any age) - far more than any other OECD country. It was also ahead of other OECD countries in terms of the share of the population that had received at least one vaccination (61%) and the share that had been fully vaccinated (55%). Among Israelis aged 16 and over, the comparable figures were 81 and 74%, respectively. In light of this, the objectives of this article are: 1. To describe and analyze the vaccination uptake through the end of March 2021 2. To identify behavioral and other barriers that likely affected desire or ability to be vaccinated 3. To describe the efforts undertaken to overcome those barriers Israel's vaccination campaign was launched on December 20, and within 2.5 weeks, 20% of Israelis had received their first dose. Afterwards, the pace slowed. It took an additional 4 weeks to increase from 20 to 40% and yet another 6 weeks to increase from 40 to 60%. Initially, uptake was low among young adults, and two religious/cultural minority groups - ultra-Orthodox Jews and Israeli Arabs, but their uptake increased markedly over time.In the first quarter of 2021, Israel had to enhance access to the vaccine, address a moderate amount of vaccine hesitancy in its general population, and also address more intense pockets of vaccine hesitancy among young adults and religious/cultural minority groups. A continued high rate of infection during the months of February and March, despite broad vaccination coverage at the time, created confusion about vaccine effectiveness, which in turn contributed to vaccine hesitancy. Among Israeli Arabs, some residents of smaller villages encountered difficulties in reaching vaccination sites, and that also slowed the rate of vaccination.The challenges were addressed via a mix of messaging, incentives, extensions to the initial vaccine delivery system, and other measures. Many of the measures addressed the general population, while others were targeted at subgroups with below-average vaccination rates. Once the early adopters had been vaccinated, it took hard, creative work to increase population coverage from 40 to 60% and beyond.Significantly, some of the capacities and strategies that helped Israel address vaccine hesitancy and geographic access barriers are different from those that enabled it to procure, distribute and administer the vaccines. Some of these strategies are likely to be relevant to other countries as they progress from the challenges of securing an adequate vaccine supply and streamlining distribution to the challenge of encouraging vaccine uptake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruce Rosen
- Myers-JDC-Brookdale Institute, JDC Hill, Jerusalem, Israel
- Hebrew University Paul Baerwald School of Social Work and Social Welfare, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ruth Waitzberg
- Myers-JDC-Brookdale Institute, JDC Hill, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Health Care Management, Faculty of Economics & Management, Technical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Avi Israeli
- Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
- Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michael Hartal
- Myers-JDC-Brookdale Institute, JDC Hill, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nadav Davidovitch
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, School of Public Health, Beersheba, Israel
- Taub Center for Social Policy Studies in Israel, Jerusalem, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Wang J, Zhang Y, Long S, Fu X, Zhang X, Zhao S, Xiu S, Wang X, Lu B, Jin H. Non-EPI Vaccine Hesitancy among Chinese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9070772. [PMID: 34358188 PMCID: PMC8310190 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9070772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is paramount to curtailing the pandemic. However, the impact of the Non-Expanded Program on Immunization (non-EPI) and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy on vaccine uptake among Chinese adults remain unclear. This study was an online survey performed in Eastern, Central, and Western China between February 2021 and March 2021 using proportional sampling (n = 7381). Adults aged ≥ 18 years were included, especially younger people (aged < 65). Vaccine hesitancy was assessed using the 3C model and relative scales; logistic regression was used to explore the factors affecting vaccination uptake; structural equation modeling was used to evaluate the correlations between variables. Overall, 67.6% and 24.7% of adults reported vaccine hesitancy toward the non-EPI and COVID-19 vaccines, respectively. Participants (66.3%) reported taking the vaccine mainly based on recommendations from medical staff. Vaccine-hesitant participants (60.5%) reported a fear of side effects as the deciding factor in vaccine rejection. Vaccine hesitancy interacted negatively with confidence (β = −0.349, p < 0.001) and convenience (β = −0.232, p < 0.001), and positively with complacence (β = 0.838, p < 0.001). Nonmedical personnel, adults who had previously received the influenza vaccine, and older people had lower vaccine hesitancy than their counterparts. Most Chinese adults have non-EPI but not COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Vaccine safety remains a concern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianli Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (J.W.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (X.F.); (X.Z.); (S.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (J.W.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (X.F.); (X.Z.); (S.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Sigui Long
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (J.W.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (X.F.); (X.Z.); (S.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xin Fu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (J.W.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (X.F.); (X.Z.); (S.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (J.W.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (X.F.); (X.Z.); (S.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shuangyu Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (J.W.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (X.F.); (X.Z.); (S.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shixin Xiu
- Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi 214023, China; (S.X.); (X.W.); (B.L.)
| | - Xuwen Wang
- Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi 214023, China; (S.X.); (X.W.); (B.L.)
| | - Bing Lu
- Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi 214023, China; (S.X.); (X.W.); (B.L.)
| | - Hui Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (J.W.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (X.F.); (X.Z.); (S.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-025-8327-2572; Fax: +86-825-83272561
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Adeniyi OV, Stead D, Singata-Madliki M, Batting J, Wright M, Jelliman E, Abrahams S, Parrish A. Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccine among the Healthcare Workers in the Eastern Cape, South Africa: A Cross Sectional Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:666. [PMID: 34207018 PMCID: PMC8233726 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9060666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study assesses the perceptions and acceptance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination. It also examines its influencing factors among the healthcare workers (HCWs) in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. METHODS In this cross-sectional study performed in November and December 2020, a total of 1308 HCWs from two large academic hospitals participated in the Eastern Cape Healthcare Workers Acquisition of SARS-CoV-2 (ECHAS) study. Validated measures of vaccine hesitancy were explored using a questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to identify the determinants of vaccine hesitancy. RESULTS The majority were nurses (45.2%), and at risk for unfavourable Covid-19 outcome, due to obesity (62.9%) and having direct contact with individuals confirmed to have Covid-19 (77.1%). The overall acceptance of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine was 90.1%, which differed significantly by level of education. Individuals with lower educational attainment (primary and secondary education) and those with prior vaccine refusal were less likely to accept the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. However, positive perceptions about the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine were independently associated with vaccine acceptance. CONCLUSIONS The high level of acceptance of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine is reassuring; however, HCWs with a lower level of education and those with prior vaccine refusal should be targeted for further engagements to address their concerns and fears.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oladele Vincent Adeniyi
- Department of Family Medicine and Rural Health, Walter Sisulu University, Cecilia Makiwane Hospital, East London Hospital Complex, East London 5219, South Africa
| | - David Stead
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cecilia Makiwane and Frere Hospitals, Walter Sisulu University, East London 5219, South Africa; (D.S.); (M.W.); (A.P.)
| | - Mandisa Singata-Madliki
- Effective Care Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Frere Hospital, University of Fort Hare, University of Witwatersrand, East London 5200, South Africa; (M.S.-M.); (J.B.)
| | - Joanne Batting
- Effective Care Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Frere Hospital, University of Fort Hare, University of Witwatersrand, East London 5200, South Africa; (M.S.-M.); (J.B.)
| | - Matthew Wright
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cecilia Makiwane and Frere Hospitals, Walter Sisulu University, East London 5219, South Africa; (D.S.); (M.W.); (A.P.)
| | - Eloise Jelliman
- Department of Radiology, Frere Hospital, Walter Sisulu University, East London 5200, South Africa;
| | - Shareef Abrahams
- Department of Pathology, Division of Medical Microbiology, National Health Laboratory Service, Port Elizabeth 6001, South Africa;
| | - Andrew Parrish
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cecilia Makiwane and Frere Hospitals, Walter Sisulu University, East London 5219, South Africa; (D.S.); (M.W.); (A.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Pataka A, Kotoulas S, Stefanidou E, Grigoriou I, Tzinas A, Tsiouprou I, Zarogoulidis P, Courcoutsakis N, Argyropoulou P. Acceptability of Healthcare Professionals to Get Vaccinated against COVID-19 Two Weeks before Initiation of National Vaccination. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 57:medicina57060611. [PMID: 34204614 PMCID: PMC8231122 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57060611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives The greatest challenge vaccines face is that of acceptance from the general population. Healthcare professionals’ (HCPs) recommendations have significant influence on general public vaccination behavior. The aim of this study was to assess the willingness of HCPs to get vaccinated against COVID-19, two weeks before initiation of vaccinations. Materials and Methods: We conducted an anonymous online survey from 11–15 December 2020 among HCPs by emails delivered from the local medical and nursing stuff associations. Results: The 71.1% of 656 HCPs intended to accept vaccination, 5.9% did not and 23% were still undecided. The acceptance rate was higher in physicians (76.5%) and significantly lower in nurses (48.3%). Most of the responders who intended to accept vaccination were males (p = 0.01), physicians (p = 0.001), older (p = 0.02), married (p = 0.054) with children (p = 0.001), and had treated patients with COVID-19 (p < 0.001). In the multivariate logistic regression, the predictors of HCPs willingness to get vaccinated were parenthood (OR = 4.19, p = 0.003), being a physician (OR = 2.79, p = 0.04), and treating confirmed/suspected COVID-19 patients (OR = 2.87, p = 0.036). Conclusions: Low vaccination acceptance rate was found especially in nurses, and as this may have a negative impact in the vaccination compliance of the general public, interventional educational programs to enhance vaccination are crucial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Athanasia Pataka
- Respiratory Failure Unit, G Papanikolaou Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 55236 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.P.); (S.K.); (E.S.); (I.G.); (A.T.); (P.A.)
| | - Seraphim Kotoulas
- Respiratory Failure Unit, G Papanikolaou Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 55236 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.P.); (S.K.); (E.S.); (I.G.); (A.T.); (P.A.)
| | - Emilia Stefanidou
- Respiratory Failure Unit, G Papanikolaou Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 55236 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.P.); (S.K.); (E.S.); (I.G.); (A.T.); (P.A.)
| | - Ioanna Grigoriou
- Respiratory Failure Unit, G Papanikolaou Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 55236 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.P.); (S.K.); (E.S.); (I.G.); (A.T.); (P.A.)
| | - Asterios Tzinas
- Respiratory Failure Unit, G Papanikolaou Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 55236 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.P.); (S.K.); (E.S.); (I.G.); (A.T.); (P.A.)
| | - Ioanna Tsiouprou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, G Papanikolaou Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 55236 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Paul Zarogoulidis
- 3rd University General Hospital, “AHEPA” University Hospital, 55236 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Pulmonary Department, “Bioclinic” Private Hospital, 55236 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-697-727-1974
| | | | - Paraskevi Argyropoulou
- Respiratory Failure Unit, G Papanikolaou Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 55236 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.P.); (S.K.); (E.S.); (I.G.); (A.T.); (P.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Bulmash B, Ben-Assuli O, Amar M. Fear of Hospital-Acquired Infections: The Combined Impact of Patient's Hygiene Sensitivity and Perceived Staff Preventive Behavior. J Community Health 2021; 45:1211-1219. [PMID: 32533287 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-020-00857-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Over the years, the public has paid growing attention to hospital-acquired infections (HAIs). Currently, infection prevention and control are considered a number one national priority in leading developed countries. However, while some hospital visitors are knowledgeable of the topic, others may be ignorant or careless as regards sterility and hygiene-related matters. This study, conducted in Israel, compared people cognizant of hygiene-related issues to those who are less so, in an attempt to account for differences in terms of attitudes and perceptions regarding the hospital environment. Based on Endsley's (in: Proceedings of the IEEE 1988 national aerospace and electronics conference, IEEE, 1988, 1995) situation awareness concept, we hypothesized that people attending the hospital with different hygiene schema would react differently when faced with HAI-related triggers. Based on a survey of 208 respondents, the results support the hypotheses, and showed a significant moderating effect of hygiene-sensitivity on the relationship between the staffs' hospital acquired infection-related proactive behavior and avoidance tendencies among hospital visitors. Theoretical as well as practical recommendations are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ben Bulmash
- Faculty of Technology Management, Holon Institute of Technology (HIT), 52 Golomb St., 58102, Holon, Israel.
| | - Ofir Ben-Assuli
- Faculty of Business Administration, Ono Academic College, 104 Zahal Street, 55000, Kiryat Ono, Israel
| | - Moty Amar
- Faculty of Business Administration, Ono Academic College, 104 Zahal Street, 55000, Kiryat Ono, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Elhadi M, Alsoufi A, Alhadi A, Hmeida A, Alshareea E, Dokali M, Abodabos S, Alsadiq O, Abdelkabir M, Ashini A, Shaban A, Mohammed S, Alghudban N, Bureziza E, Najah Q, Abdulrahman K, Mshareb N, Derwish K, Shnfier N, Burkan R, Al-Azomi M, Hamdan A, Algathafi K, Abdulwahed E, Alheerish K, Lindi N, Anaiba M, Elbarouni A, Alsharif M, Alhaddad K, Alwhishi E, Aboughuffah M, Aljadidi W, Jaafari A, Khaled A, Zaid A, Msherghi A. Knowledge, attitude, and acceptance of healthcare workers and the public regarding the COVID-19 vaccine: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:955. [PMID: 34016073 PMCID: PMC8136114 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10987-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study determined the knowledge, attitudes, and practice regarding COVID-19 and assessed the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine among healthcare workers and the general population. METHODS A web-based, cross-sectional study was conducted using convenience sampling in Libya from December 1 to 18, 2020 among the general population and healthcare workers. Data on demographic characteristics, COVID-19 vaccination-related concerns, knowledge, attitudes, and practice regarding COVID-19, and knowledge, attitudes, and acceptance regarding the COVID-19 vaccine were collected using a self-administered survey. A binomial logistic regression was performed with 70% efficacy to determine the association between acceptance of the vaccine and study variables. RESULTS Valid and complete responses were collected from 15,087 participants. Of these, 6227 (41.3%) were male and 8860 (58.7%) were female, with a mean (SD) age of 30.6 ± 9.8 years. Moreover, 485 (3.2%) participants were infected with COVID-19 at the time of the study, while 2000 (13.3%) had been previously infected. Overall, 2452 (16.3%) participants agreed, and 3127 (20.7%) strongly agreed, with "having concerns about serious vaccine-related complications." Mask-wearing adherence was reported by 10,268 (68.1%) of the participants. Most participants (14,050, 93.1%) believed that the vaccine should be provided for free, while 7272 (48.2%) were willing to buy it. Regarding vaccine acceptance and efficacy, 12,006 (79.6%) reported their willingness to take the vaccine with an efficacy of 90% or more, 9143 (60.6%) with an efficacy of 70% or more, and only 6212 (41.2%) with an efficacy of 50%. The binomial logistic regression revealed that vaccine acceptance was not associated with belonging to the medical field versus the general population. Acceptance was statistically associated with younger age groups, especially 31-40 (OR = 1.3 [1.09, 1.55]) and 41-50 years (OR = 1.29, [1.09, 1.54]). However, having a family member or friend infected with COVID-19 was positively associated with the likelihood of vaccine acceptance (OR = 1.09 [1.02, 1.18]), while having a friend or family member who died due to COVID-19 was negatively associated with it (OR = 0.89 [0.84, 0.97]). CONCLUSIONS Acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine is an essential determinant of vaccine uptake and the likelihood of controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. Developing strategies to decrease public hesitation and increase trust is vital for implementing vaccination programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Elhadi
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, University Road, Furnaj, 13275, Tripoli, Libya.
| | - Ahmed Alsoufi
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, University Road, Furnaj, 13275, Tripoli, Libya
| | | | - Amel Hmeida
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, University Road, Furnaj, 13275, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Entisar Alshareea
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, University Road, Furnaj, 13275, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Mawadda Dokali
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, University Road, Furnaj, 13275, Tripoli, Libya
| | | | | | | | - Aimen Ashini
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, University Road, Furnaj, 13275, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Abdulhamid Shaban
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, University Road, Furnaj, 13275, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Saja Mohammed
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zawia, Az Zawiyah, Libya
| | | | - Eman Bureziza
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya
| | - Qasi Najah
- Faculty of Medicine, University of AL-Mergib, Al Khums, Libya
| | | | - Nora Mshareb
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, University Road, Furnaj, 13275, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Khawla Derwish
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, University Road, Furnaj, 13275, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Najwa Shnfier
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, University Road, Furnaj, 13275, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Rayan Burkan
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, University Road, Furnaj, 13275, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Marwa Al-Azomi
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zawia, Az Zawiyah, Libya
| | - Ayman Hamdan
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Jabal Al Gharbi University, Gherian, Libya
| | | | - Eman Abdulwahed
- Faculty of Medical Technology, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | | | - Naeimah Lindi
- Faculty of medicine, Omer Al Mukhtar University, Al Bayda, Libya
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ajdabiya, Ajdabiya, Libya
| | - Mohamed Anaiba
- Faculty of Medicine, Misurata University, Misurata, Libya
| | | | | | - Kamal Alhaddad
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, University Road, Furnaj, 13275, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Enas Alwhishi
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, University Road, Furnaj, 13275, Tripoli, Libya
| | | | - Wesal Aljadidi
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, University Road, Furnaj, 13275, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Aisha Jaafari
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, University Road, Furnaj, 13275, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Ala Khaled
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, University Road, Furnaj, 13275, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Ahmed Zaid
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, University Road, Furnaj, 13275, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Ahmed Msherghi
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, University Road, Furnaj, 13275, Tripoli, Libya
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Asadi Faezi N, Gholizadeh P, Sanogo M, Oumarou A, Mohamed MN, Cissoko Y, Saliou Sow M, Keita BS, Baye YAM, Pagliano P, Akouda P, Soufiane S, Iknane AA, Safiatou Diallo MO, Gansane Z, Ali Khan B, Köse Ş, Allahverdipour H, Ganvarov K, Soumaré M, Asgharzadeh M, Dao S, Samadi Kafil H. Peoples' attitude toward COVID-19 vaccine, acceptance, and social trust among African and Middle East countries. Health Promot Perspect 2021; 11:171-178. [PMID: 34195040 PMCID: PMC8233680 DOI: 10.34172/hpp.2021.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: To end the COVID-19 pandemic, a large part of the world must be immune to the virus by vaccination. Therefore, this study aimed to gauge intent to be vaccinated against COVID-19 among ordinary people and to identify attitudes towards vaccines and barriers for vaccine acceptance. Methods: The study population comprises 1880 people residing in different countries that answer a prepared questionnaire. The questionnaire topics are demographics, historical issues, participants’ attitudes and beliefs regarding vaccines, concerns, and vaccine hesitancy. Results: Attitudes and beliefs relating to vaccines in general, and the COVID-19 vaccine, were ascertained. Overall, 66.81% of the contributors would like to be vaccinated against COVID-19, while %33.19 did not intend to be vaccinated. Reasons for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy included concern regarding vaccine side effects, fear of getting sick from the uptake of the vaccine, and the absence of accurate vaccine promotion news. Individuals with higher education believe that India (68.6%) produces the best vaccine (P <0.001), while healthcare workers think the Chinese vaccine (44.2%) is the best (P =0.020). Individuals with higher education have not been vaccinated, not be healthcare workers, and females were the most contributors to effective of the vaccine in reducing mortality from COVID-19 disease. Conclusion: Given the degree of hesitancy against COVID-19 vaccination, a multifaceted approach to facilitate vaccine uptake that includes vaccine education, behavioral change strategies, and health promotion, is paramount.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Asadi Faezi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Pourya Gholizadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Moussa Sanogo
- Faculty of Pharmacy USTTB, Faculty of Medicine and Odonto Stomatology, University of Science, Technics and Technology of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Amadou Oumarou
- Faculte des sciences la santé de l universite Dan Dicko DanKoulodo de Maradi, Niger
| | - Maad Nasser Mohamed
- Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales de l'hôpital général peltier, Djibouti
| | - Yacouba Cissoko
- Faculty of Medicine and Odonto Stomatology (FMOS), USTTB, University of Science, Technics and Technology of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Mamadou Saliou Sow
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital National Donka, CHU Conakry, Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée (CERFIG), Guinea
| | - Bakary Sayon Keita
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities/Infectious Disease Unit of Fousseyni Daou Hospital, Kayes, Mali
| | - Youssouf Ag Mohamed Baye
- Faculty of Medicine and Odonto Stomatology (FMOS), USTTB, University of Science, Technics and Technology of Bamako, Bamako, Mali.,Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities/Infectious Disease Unit of Fousseyni Daou Hospital, Kayes, Mali
| | | | | | | | - Akory Ag Iknane
- Faculty of Medicine and Odonto Stomatology (FMOS), USTTB, University of Science, Technics and Technology of Bamako, Bamako, Mali.,Institut National de Santé Publique, Bamako, Mali
| | - Mamadou Oury Safiatou Diallo
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital National Donka, CHU Conakry, Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée (CERFIG), Guinea
| | - Zakaria Gansane
- Burkinabé Observatory for Healthcare Quality and Safety, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Barkat Ali Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - Şükran Köse
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, University of Health Sciences, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Hamid Allahverdipour
- Research Center of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences and Department of Health Education and Promotion, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mariam Soumaré
- Faculty of Medicine and Odonto Stomatology (FMOS), USTTB, University of Science, Technics and Technology of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Mohammad Asgharzadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sounkalo Dao
- Faculty of Medicine and Odonto Stomatology (FMOS), USTTB, University of Science, Technics and Technology of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Hossein Samadi Kafil
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Alobaidi S. Predictors of Intent to Receive the COVID-19 Vaccination Among the Population in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Survey Study. J Multidiscip Healthc 2021; 14:1119-1128. [PMID: 34040382 PMCID: PMC8140927 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s306654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant economic and social impact on the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This study explored various factors influencing the COVID-19 vaccination intention and the applicability of the health belief model (HBM) to explore vaccination intention among the population of Saudi Arabia. Methods This is an online survey conducted between January 6, 2021, and January 19, 2021, using a GoogleTM form questionnaire among Saudi population. The questionnaire aimed to assess the factors that influence the intent to receive the vaccine, by evaluating demographic details, COVID-19 experience and health self-assessment, acceptability of COVID-19 vaccination and preferences and health belief regarding COVID-19 illness and vaccination. Results The survey generated a total of 1333 responses from all over the 13 provinces of the Kingdom. The participants had mixed perceptions regarding the susceptibility and severity of COVID-19. A total of 959 (71.9%) subjects responded positively to COVID-19 vaccine intent. Those with >15,000 SR per month income, no past exposure to COVID-19, and comorbidities reported significantly higher intention to take vaccination (p<0.05). Among the HBM variables, the perceived susceptibility construct (OR=3.82, 95% CI 1.64-8.94) and perceived benefit construct (OR=7.59, CI 1.65-34.86) were important facilitators for a definite intention to vaccinate. The perceived barriers construct (safety [OR= 0.062, CI 0.03-0.15]; side effects of the vaccine [OR=0.31, CI 0.13-0.75]) and cues to action construct (OR=0.32, CI 0.13-0.77) were the significant factors hindering the uptake of COVID-19 vaccine. However, the perceived severity construct did not play an important role in predicting definite intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine in the Saudi population. Conclusion The study has important implications for promoting COVID-19 vaccination uptake among the population of Saudi Arabia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sami Alobaidi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Links between conspiracy beliefs, vaccine knowledge, and trust: Anti-vaccine behavior of Serbian adults. Soc Sci Med 2021; 277:113930. [PMID: 33873008 PMCID: PMC8634900 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.113930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Immunization is a critical tool in the fight against infectious disease epidemics. Understanding hesitancy towards immunization is even more important nowadays, with the continuous threat of COVID-19 pandemic. Medical conspiracy beliefs, scientific skepticism, as well as low trust in governmental institutions, and evidence-based knowledge all have troubling effects on immunization. OBJECTIVE To examine how these factors cross-react to influence vaccine behavior against any vaccine preventable disease (VPD), we hypothesized a model consisting of the belief in conspiracy theories as the predictor, and as the mediators subjective and objective vaccine knowledge, and trust in the health care system and science. The model was tested by examining the vaccine intentions for the children and self for any VPD. METHODS Two separate studies were conducted on the representative samples of Serbian population; the first study investigated the intentions for child vaccination and the second study examined the vaccine intentions against any VPD, including adult vaccination. We used path analysis followed by logistic regression to analyze the data. RESULTS The results revealed high vaccine hesitancy motivated by the belief in the vaccine conspiracy theories, through its effect on reduced trust in medical science and institutions, and low objective vaccine knowledge. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study may be used to implement appropriate policy changes and implementation of the public health campaigns to promote immunization with a wide range of vaccines against common diseases, such as measles, human papillomaviruses, or pertussis, and novel diseases, such as COVID.
Collapse
|
91
|
Evans WD, French J. Demand Creation for COVID-19 Vaccination: Overcoming Vaccine Hesitancy through Social Marketing. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9040319. [PMID: 33915695 PMCID: PMC8065583 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9040319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to millions of deaths and tested the capabilities of the medical and public health systems worldwide. Over the next two years as more approved vaccines are made available and supply meets or exceeds demand, medical and public health professionals will increasingly be faced with the challenge of vaccine hesitancy. There is an urgent need to create demand in groups that are either uninformed, vaccine hesitant, or actively resistant to COVID-19 vaccination. This study reviews theory, evidence, and practice recommendations to develop a vaccine demand creation strategy that has wide applicability. Specifically, we focus on key elements including supply side confidence, vaccine brand promotion strategy, service marketing as it relates to vaccine distribution, and competition strategy. We present evidence that these strategies can make a significant contribution to overcoming COVID-19 hesitancy in a high supply scenario. The paper also makes recommendations about factors that need to be considered in relation to vaccine delivery services and systems that, if done badly, may reduce uptake or result in the creation of more vaccine hesitancy. In summary, there is a need for well researched and tested demand creation strategies that integrate with brand strategy, supply side, and service delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William Douglas Evans
- Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-202-994-3632
| | - Jeff French
- Department, Strategic Social Marketing Ltd., Atabara, Condors, Liphook, Hampshire GU30 7QW, UK;
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Kantner AC, van Wees SH, Olsson EMG, Ziaei S. Factors associated with measles vaccination status in children under the age of three years in a post-soviet context: a cross-sectional study using the DHS VII in Armenia. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:552. [PMID: 33743623 PMCID: PMC7981943 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10583-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The resurgence of measles globally and the increasing number of unvaccinated clusters call for studies exploring factors that influence measles vaccination uptake. Armenia is a middle-income post-Soviet country with an officially high vaccination coverage. However, concerns about vaccine safety are common. The purpose of this study was to measure the prevalence of measles vaccination coverage in children under three years of age and to identify factors that are associated with measles vaccination in Armenia by using nationally representative data. METHODS Cross-sectional analysis using self-report data from the most recent Armenian Demographic Health Survey (ADHS VII 2015/16) was conducted. Among 588 eligible women with a last-born child aged 12-35 months, 63 women were excluded due to unknown status of measles vaccination, resulting in 525 women included in the final analyses. We used logistic regression models in order to identify factors associated with vaccination status in the final sample. Complex sample analyses were used to account for the study design. RESULTS In the studied population 79.6% of the children were vaccinated against measles. After adjusting for potential confounders, regression models showed that the increasing age of the child (AOR 1.07, 95% CI: 1.03-1.12), secondary education of the mothers (AOR 3.38, 95% CI: 1.17-9.76) and attendance at postnatal check-up within two months after birth (AOR 2.71, 95% CI: 1.17-6.30) were significantly associated with the vaccination status of the child. CONCLUSIONS The measles vaccination coverage among the children was lower than the recommended percentage. The study confirmed the importance of maternal education and attending postnatal care visits. However, the study also showed that there might be potential risks for future measles outbreaks because of delayed vaccinations and a large group of children with an unknown vaccination status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annabell C Kantner
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Akademiska sjukhuset, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sibylle Herzig van Wees
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Akademiska sjukhuset, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Global Public Health, K9 Global folkhälsa, K9 GH Stålsby Lundborg Hanson, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik M G Olsson
- Clinical Psychology in Healthcare, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Akademiska sjukhuset, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Shirin Ziaei
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Akademiska sjukhuset, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Thapar R, Kumar N, Surendran P, Shahdiya A, Mahendran V, Ramesh R, Shetty DJ, Unnikrishnan B, Mithra P, Holla R, Bhagwan D, Kumar A. Vaccine hesitancy among mothers of under-five children in Coastal South India: a facility-based cross-sectional study. F1000Res 2021; 10:186. [PMID: 34631015 PMCID: PMC8477350 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.28293.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Vaccine hesitancy (VH) has been identified by the World Health Organization as one among the top ten threats to global public health. There is limited literature regarding VH from developing countries like India. Methods: In this facility based cross-sectional study, 172 mothers of under-five children were assessed regarding VH using the parental attitude towards childhood vaccination questionnaire (PACV). Results: The prevalence of VH was 3.4% (n=6). Only 7.6% (n=13) of the study participants had ever refused vaccination for their child and the most common reason cited for their refusal was that they thought it was not safe (n=6). Government health facilities was the place of routine immunization for 60.5% (n=104) participants. Health care providers (n =79, 46%) were the major source of information regarding vaccines. Conclusions: Our study highlights the presence of very low prevalence of VH in Mangalore compared to similar studies from India and other parts of the world. The limited number of participants had refused vaccination due to concerns related to vaccine safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Thapar
- Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Nithin Kumar
- Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Priya Surendran
- Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Aleemath Shahdiya
- Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Vibha Mahendran
- Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Ranjitha Ramesh
- Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Deepali J. Shetty
- Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan
- Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Prasanna Mithra
- Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Ramesh Holla
- Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Darshan Bhagwan
- Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Avinash Kumar
- Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Thapar R, Kumar N, Surendran P, Shahdiya A, Mahendran V, Ramesh R, Shetty DJ, Unnikrishnan B, Mithra P, Holla R, Bhagwan D, Kumar A. Vaccine hesitancy among mothers of under-five children in Coastal South India: a facility-based cross-sectional study. F1000Res 2021; 10:186. [PMID: 34631015 PMCID: PMC8477350 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.28293.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Vaccine hesitancy (VH) has been identified by the World Health Organization as one among the top ten threats to global public health. There is limited literature regarding VH from developing countries like India. Methods: In this facility based cross-sectional study, 172 mothers of under-five children were assessed regarding VH using the parental attitude towards childhood vaccination questionnaire (PACV). Results: The prevalence of VH was 3.4% (n=6). Only 7.6% (n=13) of the study participants had ever refused vaccination for their child and the most common reason cited for their refusal was that they thought it was not safe (n=6). Government health facilities was the place of routine immunization for 60.5% (n=104) participants. Health care providers (n =79, 46%) were the major source of information regarding vaccines. Conclusions: Our study highlights the presence of very low prevalence of VH in Mangalore compared to similar studies from India and other parts of the world. The limited number of participants had refused vaccination due to concerns related to vaccine safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Thapar
- Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Nithin Kumar
- Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Priya Surendran
- Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Aleemath Shahdiya
- Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Vibha Mahendran
- Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Ranjitha Ramesh
- Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Deepali J. Shetty
- Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan
- Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Prasanna Mithra
- Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Ramesh Holla
- Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Darshan Bhagwan
- Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Avinash Kumar
- Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Abstract
Utility of vaccine campaigns to control coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) is not merely dependent on vaccine efficacy and safety. Vaccine acceptance among the general public and healthcare workers appears to have a decisive role in the successful control of the pandemic. The aim of this review was to provide an up-to-date assessment of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance rates worldwide. A systematic search of the peer-reviewed English survey literature indexed in PubMed was done on 25 December 2020. Results from 31 peer-reviewed published studies met the inclusion criteria and formed the basis for the final COVID-19 vaccine acceptance estimates. Survey studies on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates were found from 33 different countries. Among adults representing the general public, the highest COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates were found in Ecuador (97.0%), Malaysia (94.3%), Indonesia (93.3%) and China (91.3%). However, the lowest COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates were found in Kuwait (23.6%), Jordan (28.4%), Italy (53.7), Russia (54.9%), Poland (56.3%), US (56.9%), and France (58.9%). Only eight surveys among healthcare workers (doctors and nurses) were found, with vaccine acceptance rates ranging from 27.7% in the Democratic Republic of the Congo to 78.1% in Israel. In the majority of survey studies among the general public stratified per country (29/47, 62%), the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination showed a level of ≥70%. Low rates of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance were reported in the Middle East, Russia, Africa and several European countries. This could represent a major problem in the global efforts to control the current COVID-19 pandemic. More studies are recommended to address the scope of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Such studies are particularly needed in the Middle East and North Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa, Eastern Europe, Central Asia, Middle and South America. Addressing the scope of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in various countries is recommended as an initial step for building trust in COVID-19 vaccination efforts.
Collapse
|
96
|
Sallam M. COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Worldwide: A Concise Systematic Review of Vaccine Acceptance Rates. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:160. [PMID: 33669441 PMCID: PMC7920465 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9020160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1032] [Impact Index Per Article: 344.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Utility of vaccine campaigns to control coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) is not merely dependent on vaccine efficacy and safety. Vaccine acceptance among the general public and healthcare workers appears to have a decisive role in the successful control of the pandemic. The aim of this review was to provide an up-to-date assessment of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance rates worldwide. A systematic search of the peer-reviewed English survey literature indexed in PubMed was done on 25 December 2020. Results from 31 peer-reviewed published studies met the inclusion criteria and formed the basis for the final COVID-19 vaccine acceptance estimates. Survey studies on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates were found from 33 different countries. Among adults representing the general public, the highest COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates were found in Ecuador (97.0%), Malaysia (94.3%), Indonesia (93.3%) and China (91.3%). However, the lowest COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates were found in Kuwait (23.6%), Jordan (28.4%), Italy (53.7), Russia (54.9%), Poland (56.3%), US (56.9%), and France (58.9%). Only eight surveys among healthcare workers (doctors and nurses) were found, with vaccine acceptance rates ranging from 27.7% in the Democratic Republic of the Congo to 78.1% in Israel. In the majority of survey studies among the general public stratified per country (29/47, 62%), the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination showed a level of ≥70%. Low rates of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance were reported in the Middle East, Russia, Africa and several European countries. This could represent a major problem in the global efforts to control the current COVID-19 pandemic. More studies are recommended to address the scope of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Such studies are particularly needed in the Middle East and North Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa, Eastern Europe, Central Asia, Middle and South America. Addressing the scope of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in various countries is recommended as an initial step for building trust in COVID-19 vaccination efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malik Sallam
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; ; Tel.: +962-79-184-5186
- Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman 11942, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Vigezzi GP, Gianfredi V, Lume A, Minerva M, Nizzero P, Biancardi A, Odone A, Signorelli C, Moro M. COVID-19 vaccination surveillance: a public health commitment. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2021; 92:e2021554. [PMID: 35075056 PMCID: PMC8823565 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v92i6.12483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vincenza Gianfredi
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lume
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Minerva
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Nizzero
- Infection Control Committee, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Biancardi
- Infection Control Committee, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Odone
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Carlo Signorelli
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Moro
- Infection Control Committee, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
Kabamba Nzaji M, Kabamba Ngombe L, Ngoie Mwamba G, Banza Ndala DB, Mbidi Miema J, Luhata Lungoyo C, Lora Mwimba B, Cikomola Mwana Bene A, Mukamba Musenga E. Acceptability of Vaccination Against COVID-19 Among Healthcare Workers in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Pragmat Obs Res 2020; 11:103-109. [PMID: 33154695 PMCID: PMC7605960 DOI: 10.2147/por.s271096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to estimate the acceptability of a future vaccine against COVID-19 and associated factors if offered in Congolese health-care workers (HCWs), since they have the highest direct exposure to the disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study among 23 Congolese referral hospitals, including three university hospitals, located in three towns from March through 30 April 2020. The main outcome variable was healthcare workers' acceptance of a future vaccine against COVID-19. The associated factors of vaccination willingness were identified through a logistic regression analysis. RESULTS A sample of 613 HCWs participated in the study and completed the study questionnaire, including 312 (50.9%) men and 301 (49.1%) women. Only 27.7% of HCWs said that they would accept a COVID-19 vaccine if it was available. From the logistic regression analysis, male healthcare workers (ORa=1.17, 95% CI: 1.15-2.60), primarily doctors (ORa=1.59; 95% CI:1.03-2.44) and having a positive attitude towards a COVID-19 vaccine (ORa=11.49; 95% CI: 5.88-22.46) were significantly associated with reporting willingness to be vaccinated. CONCLUSION For acceptability of vaccination against COVID-19 among others education among HCWs is crucial because health professionals' attitudes about vaccines are an important determinant of their own vaccine uptake and their likelihood of recommending the vaccine to their patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michel Kabamba Nzaji
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kamina, Kamina, Democratic Republic of Congo
- Ministry of Health, National Expanded Program for Immunization, Operational Research Unit, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Leon Kabamba Ngombe
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kamina, Kamina, Democratic Republic of Congo
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Nursing Care Section, Higher Institute of Medical Techniques of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | | | - Deca Blood Banza Ndala
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Community Health Section, Higher Institute of Medical Techniques of Mbuji-Mayi, Mbuji-Mayi, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Judith Mbidi Miema
- Ministry of Health, National Expanded Program for Immunization, Operational Research Unit, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Christophe Luhata Lungoyo
- Ministry of Health, National Expanded Program for Immunization, Operational Research Unit, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Bertin Lora Mwimba
- Ministry of Health, National Expanded Program for Immunization, Operational Research Unit, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Aimé Cikomola Mwana Bene
- Ministry of Health, National Expanded Program for Immunization, Operational Research Unit, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Elisabeth Mukamba Musenga
- Ministry of Health, National Expanded Program for Immunization, Operational Research Unit, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Olson O, Berry C, Kumar N. Addressing Parental Vaccine Hesitancy towards Childhood Vaccines in the United States: A Systematic Literature Review of Communication Interventions and Strategies. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8040590. [PMID: 33049956 PMCID: PMC7712553 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8040590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Parental vaccine hesitancy is becoming an increasingly important public health concern in the United States. In March 2020, an assessment of the latest CDC National Immunization Survey data found that more than one-third of U.S. children between the ages of 19 and 35 months were not following the recommended early childhood immunization schedule. Furthermore, a 2019 national survey found that approximately 1 in 4 parents reported serious concerns towards vaccinating their children. Vaccine hesitancy is now associated with a decrease in vaccine coverage and an increase in vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks and epidemics in the United States. Many studies have focused on understanding and defining the new socio-medical term, vaccine hesitancy; few have attempted to summarize past and current health communication interventions and strategies that have been successful or unsuccessful in tackling this growing phenomenon. This systematic literature review will attempt to aid public health professionals with a catalogue of health communication interventions and strategies to ultimately address and prevent parental vaccine hesitancy in the long term. Out of 1239 search results, a total of 75 articles were included for analysis, ranging from systematic reviews, quantitative surveys, and experimental designs to ethnographic and qualitative studies. For the presentation of results, a taxonomy was used to organize communication interventions according to their intended purpose. The catalogue of interventions was further broken down into specific components and themes that were identified in the literature as essential to either the success or failure in preventing and addressing parental vaccine hesitancy towards childhood vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Olson
- Department of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- Correspondence: (O.O.); (N.K.)
| | | | - Nirbhay Kumar
- Department of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- Correspondence: (O.O.); (N.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Agrawal A, Kolhapure S, Di Pasquale A, Rai J, Mathur A. Vaccine Hesitancy as a Challenge or Vaccine Confidence as an Opportunity for Childhood Immunisation in India. Infect Dis Ther 2020; 9:421-432. [PMID: 32447713 PMCID: PMC7452967 DOI: 10.1007/s40121-020-00302-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccines have contributed substantially to decreasing the morbidity and mortality rates of many infectious diseases worldwide. Despite this achievement, an increasing number of parents have adopted hesitant behaviours towards vaccines, delaying or even refusing their administration to children. This has implications not only on individuals but also society in the form of outbreaks for e.g. measles, chicken pox, hepatitis A, etc. A review of the literature was conducted to identify the determinants of vaccine hesitancy (VH) as well as vaccine confidence and link them to challenges and opportunities associated with vaccination in India, safety concerns, doubts about the need for vaccines against uncommon diseases and suspicions towards new vaccines were identified as major vaccine-specific factors of VH. Lack of awareness and limited access to vaccination sites were often reported by hesitant parents. Lastly, socio-economic level, educational level and cultural specificities were contextual factors of VH in India. Controversies and rumours around some vaccines (e.g., human papillomavirus) have profoundly impacted the perception of the risks and benefits of vaccination. Challenges posed by traditions and cultural behaviours, geographical specificities, socio-demographic disparities, the healthcare system and vaccine-specific features are highlighted, and opportunities to improve confidence are identified. To overcome VH and promote vaccination, emphasis should be on improving communication, educating the new generation and creating awareness among the society. Tailoring immunisation programmes as per the needs of specific geographical areas or communities is also important to improve vaccine confidence. Fig. 1 Plain language summary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jayant Rai
- Medical Affairs Department, GSK, Lucknow, India
| | | |
Collapse
|