51
|
Ketterman AJ, Wongtrakul J, Saisawang C. Phytochemical andrographolide modulates NF-κB and JNK in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, a cell model for Parkinson's disease. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04121. [PMID: 32551381 PMCID: PMC7287258 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Andrographis paniculata has been an important plant for traditional medicine in Asia for centuries. Andrographolide is the primary bioactive phytochemical from the plant and is known to exhibit many different protective effects through modulation of various proteins and signaling pathways. Andrographolide has been reported to exert anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects as well as being an antioxidant itself. We therefore studied whether andrographolide could provide protective effects to the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell model for Parkinson's disease. In this study, we observed andrographolide inhibiting activation of NF-κB p65 (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) and JNK MAPK (c-Jun N-terminal Kinase Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase) pathways, however, it did not provide any protective effect against induced stress in the SH-SY5Y cells. We propose the sustained low-level activation of JNK and the inhibition of NF-κB promoted ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) production that yielded the observed cell death. Therefore, the protective effects observed with andrographolide appear to be cell/tissue specific responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Albert J Ketterman
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, 25/25 Putthamonthol Road 4, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Jeerang Wongtrakul
- Center for Molecular and Cell Biology for Infectious Diseases, Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, PO.BOX 80 CMU, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Chonticha Saisawang
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, 25/25 Putthamonthol Road 4, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Banerjee A, Czinn SJ, Reiter RJ, Blanchard TG. Crosstalk between endoplasmic reticulum stress and anti-viral activities: A novel therapeutic target for COVID-19. Life Sci 2020; 255:117842. [PMID: 32454157 PMCID: PMC7245231 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The outbreak of COVID-19 caused by 2019–nCov/SARS-CoV-2 has become a pandemic with an urgent need for understanding the mechanisms and identifying a treatment. Viral infections including SARS-CoV are associated with increased levels of reactive oxygen species, disturbances of Ca++ caused by unfolded protein response (UPR) mediated by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and is due to the exploitation of virus's own protein i.e., viroporins into the host cells. Several clinical trials are on-going including testing Remdesivir (anti-viral), Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine derivatives (anti-malarial drugs) etc. Unfortunately, each drug has specific limitations. Herein, we review the viral protein involvement to activate ER stress transducers (IRE-1, PERK, ATF-6) and their downstream signals; and evaluate combination therapies for COVID-19 mediated ER stress alterations. Melatonin is an immunoregulator, anti-pyretic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and ER stress modulator during viral infections. It enhances protective mechanisms for respiratory tract disorders. Andrographolide, isolated from Andrographis paniculata, has versatile biological activities including immunomodulation and determining SARS-CoV-2 binding site. Considering the properties of both compounds in terms of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-pyrogenic, anti-viral and ER stress modulation and computational approaches revealing andrographolide docks with the SARS-CoV2 binding site, we predict that this combination therapy may have potential utility against COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Banerjee
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Steven J Czinn
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Thomas G Blanchard
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Wen Q, Jin X, Lu Y, Chen DF. Anticomplement ent-labdane diterpenoids from the aerial parts of Andrographis paniculata. Fitoterapia 2020; 142:104528. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
54
|
Li F, Lee EM, Sun X, Wang D, Tang H, Zhou GC. Design, synthesis and discovery of andrographolide derivatives against Zika virus infection. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 187:111925. [PMID: 31838328 PMCID: PMC6980694 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The Zika endemic established by imported and local transmission is of significant concern and effective anti-ZIKV drugs remain an urgent unmet need. As andrographolide was identified to be an inhibitor of DENV and CHIKV and the importance of quinoline structure against infectious diseases was considered, we are interested in studying its andrographolide derivatives with quinoline moiety against Zika virus infection. In addition to screening eight in-house derivatives of andrographolide, sixteen new derivatives were designed, synthesized and tested against Zika virus infection. Among these compounds, two most potent anti-Zika compounds of 19-acetylated 14α-(5',7'-dichloro-8'-quinolyloxy) derivative 17b and 14β-(8'-quinolyloxy)-3,19- diol derivative 3 with the highest selectivity were discovered. The SAR analysis indicates that rational and optimal combined modification/s at 3-, 14-, or 19-positions can make derivatives less toxic and more potent against Zika infection, and both of 3 and 17b are suitable as leads for designing new generation of andrographolide derivatives with quinoline or its structure- and property-related moieties against Zika virus and other arboviruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211800, China
| | - Emily M Lee
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Xia Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211800, China
| | - Decai Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211800, China
| | - Hengli Tang
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
| | - Guo-Chun Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211800, China.
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Neuroprotection of Andrographolide Against Microglia-Mediated Inflammatory Injury and Oxidative Damage in PC12 Neurons. Neurochem Res 2019; 44:2619-2630. [PMID: 31562575 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02883-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Andrographolide from leaves of Andrographis paniculata has been known to possess various bioactivities. In the present study, we aimed to explore the neuroprotection of andrographolide against inflammation-mediated injury and oxidative damage. In initial studies, our findings showed that pretreatment with andrographolide could effectively reduce neuronal cell death caused by LPS-induced conditioned supernatants. The further results indicated that this neuroprotective effect may be mainly due to the inhibition on the production of NO, TNF-α, IL-6, ROS, iNOS and enhancement of expression of anti-inflammatory marker CD206. Moreover, mechanism study revealed that the anti-inflammatory activity of andrographolide may be related to the suppression of nuclear translocation of NF-κB as well as the activation of Nrf2 and HO-1. Our study also showed that andrographolide could scavenge ROS and protect PC12 cells against H2O2- and 6-OHDA-mediated oxidative damage. In addition, several derivatives of andrographolide were prepared for evaluating the role of 3, 14, 19-hydroxy group on anti-inflammatory effect and cytoprotection of andrographolide. In conclusion, andrographolide protected neurons against inflammation-mediated injury via NF-κB inhibition and Nrf2/HO-1 activation and resisted oxidative damage via inhibiting ROS production. Our results will contribute to further exploration of the therapeutic potential of andrographolide in relation to neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
|
56
|
Kandanur SGS, Tamang N, Golakoti NR, Nanduri S. Andrographolide: A natural product template for the generation of structurally and biologically diverse diterpenes. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 176:513-533. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
57
|
Mokenapelli S, Gutam M, Vadiyaala N, Yerrabelli JR, Banerjee S, Roy P, Kancha RK, Kunduru BR, Sagurthi SR, Chitneni PR. Synthesis and cytotoxicity of novel 14α- O-(1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazolyl) ester derivatives of andrographolide. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:289-297. [PMID: 31219346 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1628746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel 14α-O-(1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazolyl) ester derivatives of andrographolide (5a-n) were synthesized from andrographolide (1). For this endeavour, selective esterification at C-14 hydroxyl group of andrographolide (1) with propiolic acid via protection, deprotection strategy followed by 1,4-regioselective [1,3]dipolar cycloaddition of alkyne, azide using Cu(I) catalyzed Click chemistry. All the synthesized derivatives were screened for their cytotoxicity on HCT-15, HeLa and K562 cell lines. Compounds 5c and 5j showed highest activity against HCT-15 and K562 cell lines whereas compound 5a displayed activity in all the three cell lines. Loss of cell viability was not observed with the non-transformed cell line MRC-5 with compounds 5j, 5k, 5h and 2 indicating cytotoxic activity of these compounds towards cancer cell lines. Further, molecular docking analysis and SAR studies of highly active compounds 5c and 5j revealed enhanced binding affinity to the target NF-κB protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sudhakar Mokenapelli
- Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Madhu Gutam
- Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Naveen Vadiyaala
- Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | - Somesh Banerjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Partha Roy
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Rama Krishna Kancha
- Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics Laboratory, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Bharathi Reddy Kunduru
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Someswar Rao Sagurthi
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Prasad Rao Chitneni
- Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Huang Z, Pan X, Zhou J, Leung WT, Li C, Wang L. Chinese herbal medicine for acute upper respiratory tract infections and reproductive safety: A systematic review. Biosci Trends 2019; 13:117-129. [PMID: 30930358 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2018.01298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Acute upper respiratory tract infections (AURTIs) are common and self-limited in people with normal immunity but sometimes lead to poor clinical outcomes under specific conditions such as pregnancy if not treated appropriately. Chinese herbal medicines (CHM), which are widely used to treat AURTIs, have proven to be effective in preclinical and clinical studies. This review focuses on the bioactivities of typical CHM and the adverse reactions they cause, and especially issues with reproductive safety when treating AURTIs. The main mechanisms for clinical efficacy may include anti-viral, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and immunomodulatory action as indicated by preclinical evidence. Most clinical trials indicate that CHM shortens the natural course of AURTIs and that it relieves related symptoms such as a fever, headaches, coughing, myalgia, a cold, sore throat, and a nasal obstruction. However, some CHM have a range of adverse effects and potentially affect reproduction from endocrinal secretion to embryo development while others do not. Therefore, clinical adverse reactions and preclinical studies on the toxicity of CHM are discussed. More reliable evidence is required to conclude that CHM are efficacious and safe for pregnant women with AURTIs. This review should help to promote advances in the research on and development of CHM as alternative treatments for AURTIs and offer insight into strategies to manage the safety of CHM during clinical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zengshu Huang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital & Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases
| | - Xinyao Pan
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital & Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases
| | - Jing Zhou
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital & Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases
| | - Wing Ting Leung
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital & Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases
| | - Chuyu Li
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital & Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases
| | - Ling Wang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital & Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Kandanur SGS, Kundu S, Cadena C, Juan HS, Bajaj A, Guzman JD, Nanduri S, Golakoti NR. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of new 12-substituted-14-deoxy-andrographolide derivatives as apoptosis inducers. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-019-00718-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
60
|
Therapeutic Modulation of Virus-Induced Oxidative Stress via the Nrf2-Dependent Antioxidative Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:6208067. [PMID: 30515256 PMCID: PMC6234444 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6208067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Virus-induced oxidative stress plays a critical role in the viral life cycle as well as the pathogenesis of viral diseases. In response to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by a virus, a host cell activates an antioxidative defense system for its own protection. Particularly, a nuclear factor erythroid 2p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway works in a front-line for cytoprotection and detoxification. Recently, a series of studies suggested that a group of clinically relevant viruses have the capacity for positive and negative regulations of the Nrf2 pathway. This virus-induced modulation of the host antioxidative response turned out to be a crucial determinant for the progression of several viral diseases. In this review, virus-specific examples of positive and negative modulations of the Nrf2 pathway will be summarized first. Then a number of successful genetic and pharmacological manipulations of the Nrf2 pathway for suppression of the viral replication and the pathogenesis-associated oxidative damage will be discussed later. Understanding of the interplay between virus-induced oxidative stress and antioxidative host response will aid in the discovery of potential antiviral supplements for better management of viral diseases.
Collapse
|
61
|
Li Y, Lin HX, Wang J, Yang J, Lai CJS, Wang X, Ma BW, Tang JF, Li Y, Li XL, Guo J, Gao W, Huang LQ. Glucosyltransferase Capable of Catalyzing the Last Step in Neoandrographolide Biosynthesis. Org Lett 2018; 20:5999-6002. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P. R. China
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, P. R. China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Xin Lin
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P. R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P. R. China
| | - Jian Yang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Jiang-Sheng Lai
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P. R. China
| | - Xing Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Bao-Wei Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Fu Tang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P. R. China
| | - Yong Li
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P. R. China
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Lin Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Juan Guo
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P. R. China
| | - Wei Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Lu-Qi Huang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P. R. China
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Current Strategies for Inhibition of Chikungunya Infection. Viruses 2018; 10:v10050235. [PMID: 29751486 PMCID: PMC5977228 DOI: 10.3390/v10050235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing incidences of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection and co-infections with Dengue/Zika virus have highlighted the urgency for CHIKV management. Failure in developing effective vaccines or specific antivirals has fuelled further research. This review discusses updated strategies of CHIKV inhibition and provides possible future directions. In addition, it analyzes advances in CHIKV lifecycle, drug-target development, and potential hits obtained by in silico and experimental methods. Molecules identified with anti-CHIKV properties using traditional/rational drug design and their potential to succeed in subsequent stages of drug development have also been discussed. Possibilities of repurposing existing drugs based on their in vitro findings have also been elucidated. Probable modes of interference of these compounds at various stages of infection, including entry and replication, have been highlighted. The use of host factors as targets to identify antivirals against CHIKV has been addressed. While most of the earlier antivirals were effective in the early phases of the CHIKV life cycle, this review is also focused on drug candidates that are effective at multiple stages of its life cycle. Since most of these antivirals require validation in preclinical and clinical models, the challenges regarding this have been discussed and will provide critical information for further research.
Collapse
|
63
|
McKimm-Breschkin JL, Jiang S, Hui DS, Beigel JH, Govorkova EA, Lee N. Prevention and treatment of respiratory viral infections: Presentations on antivirals, traditional therapies and host-directed interventions at the 5th ISIRV Antiviral Group conference. Antiviral Res 2018; 149:118-142. [PMID: 29162476 PMCID: PMC7133686 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The International Society for Influenza and other Respiratory Virus Diseases held its 5th Antiviral Group (isirv-AVG) Conference in Shanghai, China, in conjunction with the Shanghai Public Health Center and Fudan University from 14-16 June 2017. The three-day programme encompassed presentations on some of the clinical features, management, immune responses and virology of respiratory infections, including influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H7N9) viruses, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, adenovirus Type 80, enterovirus D68, metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Updates were presented on several therapeutics currently in clinical trials, including influenza polymerase inhibitors pimodivir/JNJ6362387, S033188, favipiravir, monoclonal antibodies MHAA45449A and VIS410, and host directed strategies for influenza including nitazoxanide, and polymerase ALS-008112 and fusion inhibitors AK0529, GS-5806 for RSV. Updates were also given on the use of the currently licensed neuraminidase inhibitors. Given the location in China, there were also presentations on the use of Traditional Chinese Medicines. Following on from the previous conference, there were ongoing discussions on appropriate endpoints for severe influenza in clinical trials from regulators and clinicians, an issue which remains unresolved. The aim of this conference summary is to provide information for not only conference participants, but a detailed referenced review of the current status of clinical trials, and pre-clinical development of therapeutics and vaccines for influenza and other respiratory diseases for a broader audience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shibo Jiang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, NY, USA
| | - David S Hui
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - John H Beigel
- Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Support to National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elena A Govorkova
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, USA
| | - Nelson Lee
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Antiviral potential of natural compounds against influenza virus hemagglutinin. Comput Biol Chem 2017; 71:207-218. [PMID: 29149637 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Influenza virus of different subtypes H1N1, H2N2, H3N2 and H5N1 cause many human pandemic deaths and threatening the people worldwide. The Hemagglutinin (HA) protein mediates viral attachment to host receptors act as an attractive target. The sixteen natural compounds have been chosen to target the HA protein. Molecular docking studies have been performed to find binding affinity of the compounds. Out of the sixteen, three compounds CI, CII and CIII found to posses a higher binding affinity. The molecular dynamics (MD) simulation has been performed to study the structural, dynamical properties for the nine different complexes CI, CII, CIII bound with H1, H2, H3 proteins and the results were compared. The molecular mechanics Poission-Boltzmann surface area (MM-PBSA) method is used to compare the binding free energy, its different energy components and per residue binding contribution. The H1 subtype shows higher binding preference for all the curcumin derivatives than H2 and H3. The binding capability of protein subtypes with curcumin derivatives and the binding affinity of curcumin compounds are in the order H1>H2>H3 and CI>CII>CIII respectively. The two -O-CH3- groups present in the CI compound help to have strong binding with HA protein than CII and CIII. The van der Waals interaction energy plays a significant role for binding in all the complexes. The hydrogen bonding interactions were monitored throughout the MD simulation. The conserved region (153-155) and the helix region (193-194) of H1, H2, H3 protein subtypes are found to possess higher binding susceptibility for binding of the curcumin derivatives.
Collapse
|
65
|
Hu XY, Wu RH, Logue M, Blondel C, Lai LYW, Stuart B, Flower A, Fei YT, Moore M, Shepherd J, Liu JP, Lewith G. Andrographis paniculata (Chuān Xīn Lián) for symptomatic relief of acute respiratory tract infections in adults and children: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181780. [PMID: 28783743 PMCID: PMC5544222 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a substantial threat to public health. Safe and effective alternatives are required to reduce unnecessary antibiotic prescribing. Andrographis Paniculata (A. Paniculata, Chuān Xīn Lián) has traditionally been used in Indian and Chinese herbal medicine for cough, cold and influenza, suggesting a role in respiratory tract infections (RTIs). This systematic review aimed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness and safety of A. Paniculata for symptoms of acute RTIs (ARTIs). MATERIALS AND METHODS English and Chinese databases were searched from their inception to March 2016 for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating oral A. Paniculata without language barriers (Protocol ID: CRD42016035679). The primary outcomes were improvement in ARTI symptoms and adverse events (AEs). A random effects model was used to pool the mean differences and risk ratio with 95% CI reported. Methodological quality was evaluated using the Cochrane risk of bias tool; two reviewers independently screened eligibility and extracted data. RESULTS Thirty-three RCTs (7175 patients) were included. Most trials evaluated A. Paniculata (as a monotherapy and as a herbal mixture) provided commercially but seldom reported manufacturing or quality control details. A. Paniculata improved cough (n = 596, standardised mean difference SMD: -0.39, 95% confidence interval CI [-0.67, -0.10]) and sore throat (n = 314, SMD: -1.13, 95% CI [-1.37, -0.89]) when compared with placebo. A. Paniculata (alone or plus usual care) has a statistically significant effect in improving overall symptoms of ARTIs when compared to placebo, usual care, and other herbal therapies. Evidence also suggested that A. Paniculata (alone or plus usual care) shortened the duration of cough, sore throat and sick leave/time to resolution when compared versus usual care. No major AEs were reported and minor AEs were mainly gastrointestinal. The methodological quality of included trials was overall poor. CONCLUSIONS A. Paniculata appears beneficial and safe for relieving ARTI symptoms and shortening time to symptom resolution. However, these findings should be interpreted cautiously owing to poor study quality and heterogeneity. Well-designed trials evaluating the effectiveness and potential to reduce antibiotic use of A. Paniculata are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yang Hu
- Primary Care and Population Sciences, Aldermoor Health Centre, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Ruo-Han Wu
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Martin Logue
- Primary Care and Population Sciences, Aldermoor Health Centre, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Clara Blondel
- AgroParisTech, Paris Institute of Technology for Life, Food and Environmental Sciences, Paris, France
| | - Lily Yuen Wan Lai
- Primary Care and Population Sciences, Aldermoor Health Centre, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Beth Stuart
- Primary Care and Population Sciences, Aldermoor Health Centre, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Flower
- Primary Care and Population Sciences, Aldermoor Health Centre, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Yu-Tong Fei
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Michael Moore
- Primary Care and Population Sciences, Aldermoor Health Centre, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Shepherd
- Southampton Health Technology Assessments Centre (SHTAC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jian-Ping Liu
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - George Lewith
- Primary Care and Population Sciences, Aldermoor Health Centre, Southampton, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Panraksa P, Ramphan S, Khongwichit S, Smith DR. Activity of andrographolide against dengue virus. Antiviral Res 2016; 139:69-78. [PMID: 28034742 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Dengue is the most prevalent arthropod-transmitted viral illness of humans, with an estimated 100 million symptomatic infections occurring each year and more than 2.5 billion people living at risk of infection. There are no approved antiviral agents against dengue virus, and there is only limited introduction of a dengue vaccine in some countries. Andrographolide is derived from Andrographis paniculata, a medicinal plant traditionally used to treat a number of conditions including infections. The antiviral activity of andrographolide against dengue virus (DENV) serotype 2 was evaluated in two cell lines (HepG2 and HeLa) while the activity against DENV 4 was evaluated in one cell line (HepG2). Results showed that andrographolide had significant anti-DENV activity in both cell lines, reducing both the levels of cellular infection and virus output, with 50% effective concentrations (EC50) for DENV 2 of 21.304 μM and 22.739 μM for HepG2 and HeLa respectively. Time of addition studies showed that the activity of andrographolide was confined to a post-infection stage. These results suggest that andrographolide has the potential for further development as an anti-viral agent for dengue virus infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patcharee Panraksa
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Suwipa Ramphan
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Sarawut Khongwichit
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Duncan R Smith
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand; Center for Emerging and Neglected Infectious Diseases, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Broad-spectrum antiviral properties of andrographolide. Arch Virol 2016; 162:611-623. [PMID: 27896563 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-016-3166-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Andrographolide, a diterpenoid, is known for its anti-inflammatory effects. It can be isolated from various plants of the genus Andrographis, commonly known as 'creat'. This purified compound has been tested for its anti-inflammatory effects in various stressful conditions, such as ischemia, pyrogenesis, arthritis, hepatic or neural toxicity, carcinoma, and oxidative stress, Apart from its anti-inflammatory effects, andrographolide also exhibits immunomodulatory effects by effectively enhancing cytotoxic T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, phagocytosis, and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). All these properties of andrographolide form the foundation for the use of this miraculous compound to restrain virus replication and virus-induced pathogenesis. The present article covers antiviral properties of andrographolide in variety of viral infections, with the hope of developing of a new highly potent antiviral drug with multiple effects.
Collapse
|
68
|
Han X, Zhang DK, Guo YM, Feng WW, Dong Q, Zhang CE, Zhou YF, Liu Y, Wang JB, Zhao YL, Xiao XH, Yang M. Screening and evaluation of commonly-used anti-influenza Chinese herbal medicines based on anti-neuraminidase activity. Chin J Nat Med 2016; 14:794-800. [PMID: 28236410 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(16)30095-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Anti-influenza Chinese herbal medicines (anti-flu CHMs) have advantages in preventing and treating influenza virus infection. Despite various data on antiviral activities of some anti-flu CHMs have been reported, most of them could not be compared using the standard evaluation methods for antiviral activity. This situation poses an obstacle to a wide application of anti-flu CHMs. Thus, it was necessary to develop an evaluation method to estimate antiviral activities of anti-flu CHMs. In the present study, we searched for anti-flu CHMs, based on clinic usage, to select study objects from commonly-used patented anti-flu Chinese medicines. Then, a neuraminidase-based bioassay, optimized and verified by HPLC method by our research group, was adopted to detect antiviral activities of selected 26 anti-flu CHMs. Finally, eight of these herbs, including Coptidis Rhizoma, Isatidis Folium, Lonicerae Flos, Scutellaria Radix, Cyrtomium Rhizome, Houttuynia Cordata, Gardeniae Fructus, and Chrysanthemi Indici Flos, were shown to have strong antiviral activities with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values being 2.02 to 6.78 mg·mL-1 (expressed as raw materials). In contrast, the IC50 value of positive control peramivir was 0.38 mg·mL-1. Considering the extract yields of CHMs, the active component in these herbs may have a stronger antiviral activity than peramivir, suggesting that these herbs could be further researched for active compounds. Moreover, the proposed neuraminidase-based bioassay was high-throughput and simple and could be used for evaluation and screening of anti-flu CHMs as well as for their quality control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Han
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Ding-Kun Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yu-Ming Guo
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Wu-Wen Feng
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Qin Dong
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Cong-En Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yong-Feng Zhou
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yan Liu
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Jia-Bo Wang
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing 100039, China.
| | - Yan-Ling Zhao
- Department of pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing 100039, China.
| | - Xiao-He Xiao
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Sokolova AS, Yarovaya ОI, Baev DS, Shernyukov АV, Shtro AA, Zarubaev VV, Salakhutdinov NF. Aliphatic and alicyclic camphor imines as effective inhibitors of influenza virus H1N1. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 127:661-670. [PMID: 27823881 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of camphor derived imines was synthesised and evaluated in vitro for antiviral activity. Theoretical evaluations of ADME properties were also carried out. Most of these compounds exhibited significant activity against the drug-resistant strains of influenza A virus. Especially, compounds 2 (SI = 632) and 3 (SI = 417) presented high inhibition against influenza subtypes A/Puerto Rico/8/34 and A/California/07/09 of H1N1pdm09. Analysis of the structure-activity relationship showed that the activity was strongly dependent on the length of the aliphatic chain: derivatives with a shorter chain possessed higher activity, while the suppressing action of compounds with long aliphatic chains was lower.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya S Sokolova
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentjev Avenue 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Оlga I Yarovaya
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentjev Avenue 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Dmitry S Baev
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentjev Avenue 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Аndrey V Shernyukov
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentjev Avenue 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anna A Shtro
- Department of Chemotherapy, Influenza Research Institute, 15/17 Prof. Popova St., 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vladimir V Zarubaev
- Department of Chemotherapy, Influenza Research Institute, 15/17 Prof. Popova St., 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Nariman F Salakhutdinov
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentjev Avenue 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Xu F, Wu H, Zhang K, Lv P, Zheng L, Zhao J. Pro‑neurogenic effects of andrographolide on RSC96 Schwann cells in vitro. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:3573-80. [PMID: 27599453 PMCID: PMC5042728 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nerve regeneration remains a challenge to the treatment of peripheral nerve injury. Andrographolide (Andro) is the main active constituent of Andrographis paniculata, which has been applied in the treatment of several diseases, including inflammation, in ancient China. Andro has been reported to facilitate the reduction of edema and to exert analgesic effects in the treatment of various diseases. These findings suggest that Andro may be considered a promising anti-inflammatory agent that may suppress destruction and accelerate proliferation of Schwann cells following peripheral nerve injury. In the present study, the effects of Andro on RSC96 cells were investigated in vitro. The RSC96 cell line is a spontaneously immortalized rat Schwann cell line, which was originally derived from a long-term culture of rat primary Schwann cells. RSC96 cells were treated with a range of 0 to 50 µM Andro prior to the MTT assay. Cell proliferation, morphology, synthesis and nerve-specific gene expression were performed to detect the effect of Andro on RSC96 cells. The results of the present study demonstrated that the recommended doses of Andro ranged between 0.78 and 12.5 µM, among which the most obvious response was observed when used at 3.125 µM (P<0.05). DNA content was improved in Andro groups compared with the control group (P<0.05). In addition, Andro was able to promote the gene expression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, ciliary neurotrophic factor, and the specific Schwann cell marker S100β (P<0.05). The results of a viability assay, hematoxylin-eosin staining, and immunohistochemistry were also improved in Andro groups. These results indicated that Andro may accelerate proliferation of RSC96 cells in vitro, whilst maintaining the Schwann cell phenotype; therefore, the present study may provide valuable evidence for the further exploration of the effects of Andro on peripheral nerves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuben Xu
- Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Huayu Wu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Premedical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Peizhen Lv
- Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Li Zheng
- Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jinmin Zhao
- Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
14-Deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide attenuates excessive inflammatory responses and protects mice lethally challenged with highly pathogenic A(H5N1) influenza viruses. Antiviral Res 2016; 133:95-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
72
|
Kongyingyoes B, Priengprom T, Pientong C, Aromdee C, Suebsasana S, Ekalaksananan T. 3,19-isopropylideneandrographolide suppresses early gene expression of drug-resistant and wild type herpes simplex viruses. Antiviral Res 2016; 132:281-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
73
|
Wong SY, Tan MGK, Banks WA, Wong WSF, Wong PTH, Lai MKP. Andrographolide attenuates LPS-stimulated up-regulation of C-C and C-X-C motif chemokines in rodent cortex and primary astrocytes. J Neuroinflammation 2016; 13:34. [PMID: 26860080 PMCID: PMC4748554 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-016-0498-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Andrographolide is the major bioactive compound isolated from Andrographis paniculata, a native South Asian herb used medicinally for its anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we aimed to assess andrographolide’s potential utility as an anti-neuroinflammatory therapeutic. Methods The effects of andrographolide on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced chemokine up-regulation both in mouse cortex and in cultured primary astrocytes were measured, including cytokine profiling, gene expression, and, in cultured astrocytes, activation of putative signaling regulators. Results Orally administered andrographolide significantly attenuated mouse cortical chemokine levels from the C-C and C-X-C subfamilies. Similarly, andrographolide abrogated a range of LPS-induced chemokines as well as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in astrocytes. In astrocytes, the inhibitory actions of andrographolide on chemokine and TNF-α up-regulation appeared to be mediated by nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) or c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation. Conclusions These results suggest that andrographolide may be useful as a therapeutic for neuroinflammatory diseases, especially those characterized by chemokine dysregulation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12974-016-0498-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siew Ying Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 16 Medical Drive, Kent Ridge, 117600, Singapore.
| | - Michelle G K Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 16 Medical Drive, Kent Ridge, 117600, Singapore. .,Department of Clinical Research, Singapore General Hospital, Outram, Singapore.
| | - William A Banks
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - W S Fred Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 16 Medical Drive, Kent Ridge, 117600, Singapore. .,Immunology Program, Life Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore.
| | - Peter T-H Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 16 Medical Drive, Kent Ridge, 117600, Singapore.
| | - Mitchell K P Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 16 Medical Drive, Kent Ridge, 117600, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Wintachai P, Kaur P, Lee RCH, Ramphan S, Kuadkitkan A, Wikan N, Ubol S, Roytrakul S, Chu JJH, Smith DR. Activity of andrographolide against chikungunya virus infection. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14179. [PMID: 26384169 PMCID: PMC4585663 DOI: 10.1038/srep14179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a re-emerging mosquito-borne alphavirus that has recently engendered large epidemics around the world. There is no specific antiviral for treatment of patients infected with CHIKV, and development of compounds with significant anti-CHIKV activity that can be further developed to a practical therapy is urgently required. Andrographolide is derived from Andrographis paniculata, a herb traditionally used to treat a number of conditions including infections. This study sought to determine the potential of andrographolide as an inhibitor of CHIKV infection. Andrographolide showed good inhibition of CHIKV infection and reduced virus production by approximately 3log10 with a 50% effective concentration (EC50) of 77 μM without cytotoxicity. Time-of-addition and RNA transfection studies showed that andrographolide affected CHIKV replication and the activity of andrographolide was shown to be cell type independent. This study suggests that andrographolide has the potential to be developed further as an anti-CHIKV therapeutic agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Parveen Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Regina Ching Hua Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Suwipa Ramphan
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Atichat Kuadkitkan
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nitwara Wikan
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sukathida Ubol
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Center for Emerging and Neglected Infectious Diseases, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Justin Jang Hann Chu
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Duncan R Smith
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Center for Emerging and Neglected Infectious Diseases, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Functional characterization of ent-copalyl diphosphate synthase from Andrographis paniculata with putative involvement in andrographolides biosynthesis. Biotechnol Lett 2015; 38:131-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-015-1961-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
76
|
Influenza bivalent vaccine comprising recombinant H3 hemagglutinin (HA) and H1 HA containing replaced H3 hemagglutinin transmembrane domain exhibited improved heterosubtypic protection immunity in mice. Vaccine 2015; 33:4035-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
77
|
Andrographolide suppresses melanin synthesis through Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin signal pathway. J Dermatol Sci 2015; 79:74-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2015.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
78
|
Wen T, Xu W, Liang L, Li J, Ding X, Chen X, Hu J, Lv A, Li X. Clinical Efficacy of Andrographolide Sulfonate in the Treatment of Severe Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD) is Dependent upon Inhibition of Neutrophil Activation. Phytother Res 2015; 29:1161-7. [PMID: 25960284 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Revised: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Andrographolide sulfonate treatment has been shown to improve clinical severe hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) efficacies when combined with conventional therapy. However, the mechanisms for its therapeutic effects remain elusive. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether andrographolide sulfonate exerts its efficacy by acting on neutrophil activation. We obtained serial plasma samples at two time points (before and after 5 days of therapy) from 28 HFMD patients who received conventional therapy and 18 patients who received combination therapy (andrographolide sulfonate plus conventional therapy). Then, we measured plasma myeloperoxidase (MPO), S100A8/A9, histone, and inflammatory cytokine levels. Furthermore, we examined if andrographolide sulfonate had direct effects on neutrophil activation in vitro. We observed that MPO and S100A8/A9 levels were markedly elevated in the HFMD patients before clinical treatment. At 5 days post-medication, the MPO, S100A8/A9, histone, and interleukin-6 levels were markedly lower in the combination therapy group compared with the conventional therapy group. In vitro studies showed that andrographolide sulfonate inhibited lipopolysaccharide-stimulated neutrophil activation, demonstrated by the decreased production of reactive oxygen species and cytokines. These data indicate that neutrophil activation modulation by andrographolide sulfonate may be a critical determinant for its clinical HFMD treatment efficacy. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wen
- Research Center for Medical Sciences, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital affiliated with Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Wenjun Xu
- Department of Integrated TCM and Western Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital affiliated with Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Lianchun Liang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital affiliated with Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Junhong Li
- Department of Emergency, Beijing Youan Hospital affiliated with Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xiaorong Ding
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Jiangxi Qingfeng Pharmaceutical Inc., Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jianhua Hu
- Department of Integrated TCM and Western Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital affiliated with Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Aiping Lv
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xiuhui Li
- Department of Integrated TCM and Western Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital affiliated with Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
CHURIYAH, PONGTULURAN OLIVIABUNGA, ROFAANI ELRADE, TARWADI. Antiviral and Immunostimulant Activities of Andrographis paniculata. HAYATI JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCES 2015. [DOI: 10.4308/hjb.22.2.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
|
80
|
Cai W, Li Y, Chen S, Wang M, Zhang A, Zhou H, Chen H, Jin M. 14-Deoxy-11,12-dehydroandrographolide exerts anti-influenza A virus activity and inhibits replication of H5N1 virus by restraining nuclear export of viral ribonucleoprotein complexes. Antiviral Res 2015; 118:82-92. [PMID: 25800824 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2015.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus has become a worldwide public health threat, and current antiviral therapies have limited activity against the emerging, resistant influenza viruses. Therefore, effective drugs with novel targets against influenza A viruses, H5N1 strains in particular, should be developed. In the present study, 14-deoxy-11,12-dehydroandrographolide (DAP), a major component of the traditional Chinese medicine Andrographis paniculata, exerted potent anti-influenza A virus activity against A/chicken/Hubei/327/2004 (H5N1), A/duck/Hubei/XN/2007 (H5N1), A/PR/8/34 (H1N1), A/NanChang/08/2010 (H1N1) and A/HuNan/01/2014 (H3N2) in vitro. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, a series of experiments was conducted using A/chicken/Hubei/327/2004 (H5N1) as an example. Our results demonstrated that DAP strongly inhibited H5N1 replication by reducing the production of viral nucleoprotein (NP) mRNA, NP and NS1proteins, whereas DAP had no effect on the absorption and release of H5N1 towards/from A549 cells. DAP also effectively restrained the nuclear export of viral ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) complexes. This inhibitory effect ought to be an important anti-H5N1 mechanism of DAP. Meanwhile, DAP significantly reduced the upregulated expression of all the tested proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IFN-α, IL-1β and IFN-β) and chemokines (CXCL-10 and CCL-2) stimulated by H5N1. Overall results suggest that DAP impairs H5N1 replication at least in part by restraining nuclear export of vRNP complexes, and the inhibition of viral replication leads to a subsequent decrease of the intense proinflammatory cytokine/chemokine expression. In turn, the effect of modification of the host excessive immune response may contribute to overcoming H5N1. To our knowledge, this study is the first to reveal the antiviral and anti-inflammatory activities of DAP in vitro against H5N1 influenza A virus infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yongtao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Sunrui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Mengli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Anding Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hongbo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Huanchun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Meilin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Priengprom T, Ekalaksananan T, Kongyingyoes B, Suebsasana S, Aromdee C, Pientong C. Synergistic effects of acyclovir and 3, 19-isopropylideneandrographolide on herpes simplex virus wild types and drug-resistant strains. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 15:56. [PMID: 25879785 PMCID: PMC4364578 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0591-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background An andrographolide analogue, 3, 19-isopropylideneandrographolide (IPAD), exerts an inhibitory effect on replication of wild-type herpes simplex virus serotype 1 (HSV-1). In this study, we examined the anti-viral activity of IPAD on HSV wild types (HSV-1 strain KOS and HSV-2 clinical isolate) and HSV-1 drug-resistant strains (DRs). Synergistic effects of IPAD with acyclovir (ACV) were also evaluated. Methods MTT and cytopathic effect (CPE) reduction assays were performed to determine cytotoxicity and anti-viral activities, respectively. A combination assay was used to determine synergistic effects of IPAD and ACV. Presence of viral DNA and protein in experimental cells was investigated using the polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. Results A non-cytotoxic concentration of IPAD (20.50 μM) completely inhibited CPE formation induced by HSV wild types and HSV-1 DRs after viral entry into the cells. The anti-HSV activities included inhibition of viral DNA and protein synthesis. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of ACV for HSV wild types and HSV-1 DRs were 20.20 and 2,220.00 μM, respectively. Combination of ACV with IPAD showed synergistic effects in inhibition of CPE formation, viral DNA and protein synthesis by HSV wild types as well as HSV-1 DRs. For the synergistic effects on HSV wild types and HSV-1 DRs, the effective concentrations of ACV were reduced. Conclusions These results showed the inhibitory potential of IPAD on HSV wild types and HSV-1 DRs and suggested that IPAD could be used in combination with ACV for treatment of HSV-1 DRs infections.
Collapse
|
82
|
Low M, Khoo CS, Münch G, Govindaraghavan S, Sucher NJ. An in vitro study of anti-inflammatory activity of standardised Andrographis paniculata extracts and pure andrographolide. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 15:18. [PMID: 25888070 PMCID: PMC4331298 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0525-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The anti-inflammatory activity of Andrographis paniculata (Acanthaceae), a traditional medicine widely used in Asia, is commonly attributed to andrographolide, its main secondary metabolite. Commercial A. paniculata extracts are standardised to andrographolide content. We undertook the present study to investigate 1) how selective enrichment of andrographolide in commercial A. paniculata extracts affects the variability of non-standardised phytochemical components and 2) if variability in the non-standardised components of the extract affects the pharmacological activity of andrographolide itself. METHODS We characterized 12 commercial, standardised (≥30% andrographolide) batches of A. paniculata extracts from India by HPLC profiling. We determined the antioxidant capacity of the extracts using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, oxygen radical antioxidant capacity (ORAC) and a Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) antioxidant assays. Their anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by assaying their inhibitory effect on the release of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the human monocytic cell line THP-1. RESULTS The andrographolide content in the samples was close to the claimed value (32.2 ± 2.1%, range 27.5 to 35.9%). Twenty-one non-standardised constituents exhibited more than 2-fold variation in HPLC peak intensities in the tested batches. The chlorogenic acid content of the batches varied more than 30-fold. The DPPH free radical scavenging activity varied ~3-fold, the ORAC and FC antioxidant capacity varied ~1.5 fold among batches. In contrast, the TNF-α inhibitory activity of the extracts exhibited little variation and comparison with pure andrographolide indicated that it was mostly due to their andrographolide content. CONCLUSIONS Standardised A. paniculata extracts contained the claimed amount of andrographolide but exhibited considerable phytochemical background variation. DPPH radical scavenging activity of the extracts was mostly due to the flavonoid/phenlycarboxylic acid compounds in the extracts. The inhibitory effect of andrographolide on the release of TNF-α was little affected by the quantitative variation of the non-standardised constituents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell Low
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine, School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, N.S.W. 2751, Campbelltown, Australia.
| | - Cheang S Khoo
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine, School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, N.S.W. 2751, Campbelltown, Australia.
| | - Gerald Münch
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine, School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, N.S.W. 2751, Campbelltown, Australia.
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Medicine Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Campbelltown, Australia.
| | - Suresh Govindaraghavan
- Network Nutrition-IMCD Australia, Unit 9, 7 Meridian Place, Bella Vista, NSW, 2153, Australia.
| | - Nikolaus J Sucher
- Science Department, Roxbury Community College, 1234 Columbus Avenue, Roxbury Crossing, MA, 02120, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall. ex Nees: a review of ethnobotany, phytochemistry, and pharmacology. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:274905. [PMID: 25950015 PMCID: PMC4408759 DOI: 10.1155/2014/274905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
As aboriginal sources of medications, medicinal plants are used from the ancient times. Andrographis paniculata is one of the highly used potential medicinal plants in the world. This plant is traditionally used for the treatment of common cold, diarrhoea, fever due to several infective cause, jaundice, as a health tonic for the liver and cardiovascular health, and as an antioxidant. It is also used to improve sexual dysfunctions and serve as a contraceptive. All parts of this plant are used to extract the active phytochemicals, but the compositions of phytoconstituents widely differ from one part to another and with place, season, and time of harvest. Our extensive data mining of the phytoconstituents revealed more than 55 ent-labdane diterpenoids, 30 flavonoids, 8 quinic acids, 4 xanthones, and 5 rare noriridoids. In this review, we selected only those compounds that pharmacology has already reported. Finally we focused on around 46 compounds for further discussion. We also discussed ethnobotany of this plant briefly. Recommendations addressing extraction process, tissue culture, and adventitious rooting techniques and propagation under abiotic stress conditions for improvement of phytoconstituents are discussed concisely in this paper. Further study areas on pharmacology are also proposed where needed.
Collapse
|
84
|
Qiangzhi decoction protects mice from influenza A pneumonia through inhibition of inflammatory cytokine storm. Chin J Integr Med 2014; 21:376-83. [PMID: 25519444 PMCID: PMC7088648 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-014-2020-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the preventive effects of Qiangzhi Decoction (羌跖汤, QZD) on influenza A pneumonia through inhibition of inflammatory cytokine storm in vivo and in vitro. Methods One hundred ICR mice were randomly divided into the virus control, the Tamiflu control and the QZD high-, medium-, and low-dose groups. Mice were infected intranasally with influenza virus (H1N1) at 10 median lethal dose (LD50). QZD and Tamiflu were administered intragastrically twice daily from day 0 to day 7 after infection. The virus control group was treated with distilled water alone under the same condition. The number of surviving mice was recorded daily for 14 days after viral infection. The histological damage and viral replication and the expression of inflammatory cytokines were monitored. Additionally, the suppression capacity on the secretion of regulated on activation normal T cells expressed and secreted (RANTES) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in epithelial and macrophage cell-lines were evaluated. Results Compared with the virus control group, the survival rate of the QZD groups signifificantly improved in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05), the viral titers in lung tissue was inhibited (P<0.05), and the production of inflammatory cytokines interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-6 (IL-6), TNF-α, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) were suppressed (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the secretion of RANTETS and TNF-α by epithelial and macrophage cell-lines was inhibited with the treatment of QZD respectively in vitro (p<0.05) Conclusions The preventive effects of QZD on influenza virus infection might be due to its unique cytokine inhibition mechanism. QZD may have significant therapeutic potential in combination with antiviral drugs.
Collapse
|
85
|
Preet R, Chakraborty B, Siddharth S, Mohapatra P, Das D, Satapathy SR, Das S, Maiti NC, Maulik PR, Kundu CN, Chowdhury C. Synthesis and biological evaluation of andrographolide analogues as anti-cancer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 85:95-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.07.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
86
|
Lee JC, Tseng CK, Young KC, Sun HY, Wang SW, Chen WC, Lin CK, Wu YH. Andrographolide exerts anti-hepatitis C virus activity by up-regulating haeme oxygenase-1 via the p38 MAPK/Nrf2 pathway in human hepatoma cells. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:237-52. [PMID: 24117426 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) activity of andrographolide, a diterpenoid lactone extracted from Andrographis paniculata, and to identify the signalling pathway involved in its antiviral action. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Using HCV replicon and HCVcc infectious systems, we identified anti-HCV activity of andrographolide by measuring protein and RNA levels. A reporter activity assay was used to determine transcriptional regulation of anti-HCV agents. A specific inhibitor and short hairpin RNAs were used to investigate the mechanism responsible for the effect of andrographolide on HCV replication. KEY RESULTS In HCV replicon and HCVcc infectious systems, andrographolide time- and dose-dependently suppressed HCV replication. When combined with IFN-α, an inhibitor targeting HCV NS3/4A protease (telaprevir), or NS5B polymerase (PSI-7977), andrographolide exhibited a significant synergistic effect. Andrographolide up-regulated the expression of haeme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), leading to increased amounts of its metabolite biliverdin, which was found to suppress HCV replication by promoting the antiviral IFN responses and inhibiting NS3/4A protease activity. Significantly, these antiviral effects were attenuated by an HO-1-specific inhibitor or HO-1 gene knockdown, indicating that HO-1 contributed to the anti-HCV activity of andrographolide. Andrographolide activated p38 MAPK phosphorylation, which stimulated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-mediated HO-1 expression, and this was found to be associated with its anti-HCV activity. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our results demonstrate that andrographolide has the potential to control HCV replication and suggest that targeting the Nrf2-HO-1 signalling pathway might be a promising strategy for drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ching Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
87
|
Zhang Z, Lai D, Wang L, Yu P, Zhu L, Guo B, Xu L, Zhou L, Sun Y, Lee SMY, Wang Y. Neuroprotective effects of the andrographolide analogue AL-1 in the MPP+/MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease model in vitro and in mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2014; 122:191-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2014.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Revised: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
88
|
Liu Q, Liu K, Xue C, Zhou J, Li X, Luo D, Zheng J, Xu S, Liu GD, Cao Y. Recombinant influenza H1, H5 and H9 hemagglutinins containing replaced H3 hemagglutinin transmembrane domain showed enhanced heterosubtypic protection in mice. Vaccine 2014; 32:3041-9. [PMID: 24704333 PMCID: PMC7115591 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
We found H3-WT transmembrane domain is critical for H3 HA-induced hetero-protection. Wild-type H3 showed more hetero-protection than H1, H5 and H9 HAs. Replaced transmembrane domain had no apparent impact on in vitro expression of H1, H5 and H9 HA proteins in Sf9 cells. HAs with H3 transmembrane domain proteins exhibited enhanced heterosubtypic protections.
Influenza A viruses cause annual epidemics and irregular pandemics. A vaccine with heterosubtypic protection (hetero-protection) has been needed. In the present study, various influenza H1, H3, H5, and H9 hemagglutinin (HA) proteins were expressed in insect cells, and then mice were subcutaneously immunized with the expressed HA proteins, and challenged by influenza A viruses (A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 (H1N1) or A/chicken/Guangdong/96 (H9N2)). The results first showed that wild-type H3 hemagglutinin (HA) (H3-WT), but not a transmembrane domain (TM) mutant, had hetero-protection against both H1N1 and H9N2 with survival rates of 17% and 33% respectively, and that wild-type H1 (H1-WT), H5 (H5-WT) and H9 (H9-WT) had no hetero-protection against H1N1 or H9N2 except for H5-WT against H1N1 with a survival rate of 17%. Then the H3-WT TM replaced the TMs of H1-WT, H5-WT and H9-WT to generate recombinant H1-TM, H5-TM and H9-TM respectively, and whether the H3-WT TM-dependent hetero-protection could be transferred to these TM mutants was investigated. The results showed that the H3-WT TM-dependent hetero-protection was transferable. H1-TM against H9N2 and H9-TM against H1N1 were with survival rates of 33% and 17% respectively, and H5-TM against both H1N1 and H9N2 with survival rates of 50% and 17% respectively. Furthermore, higher dosage H5-TM scored 100% hetero-protection against H1N1. These results demonstrated that replacement of the TMs of non-H3 HAs with H3-WT TM could enhance their hetero-protection. These findings would help the development of future influenza vaccines against pandemics such as the recently appeared H7N9 infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiliang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Life Sciences School, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Kang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Life Sciences School, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chunyi Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Life Sciences School, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jianqiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Life Sciences School, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Life Sciences School, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Dongyu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Life Sciences School, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Life Sciences School, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Life Sciences School, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - George Dacai Liu
- Firstline Biopharmaceuticals Corporation, 12050 167th PL NE, Redmond, WA 98052, USA
| | - Yongchang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Life Sciences School, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Chen H, Ma YB, Huang XY, Geng CA, Zhao Y, Wang LJ, Guo RH, Liang WJ, Zhang XM, Chen JJ. Synthesis, structure-activity relationships and biological evaluation of dehydroandrographolide and andrographolide derivatives as novel anti-hepatitis B virus agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:2353-9. [PMID: 24731274 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2014] [Revised: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Dehydroandrographolide and andrographolide, two natural diterpenoids isolated from Andrographis paniculata possessed activity against HBV DNA replication with IC50 values of 22.58 and 54.07μM and low SI values of 8.7 and 3.7 in our random assay. Consequently, 48 derivatives of dehydroandrographolide and andrographolide were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-HBV properties to yield a series of active derivatives with lower cytotoxicity, including 14 derivatives against HBsAg secretion, 19 derivatives against HBeAg secretion and 38 derivatives against HBV DNA replication. Interestingly, compound 4e could inhibit not only HBsAg and HBeAg secretions but also HBV DNA replication with SI values of 20.3, 125.0 and 104.9. Furthermore, the most active compound 2c with SI value higher than 165.1 inhibiting HBV DNA replication was revealed with the optimal logP value of 1.78 and logD values. Structure-activity relationships (SARs) of the derivatives were disclosed for guiding the future research toward the discovery of new anti-HBV drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yun-Bao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China
| | - Chang-An Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China
| | - Yong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Li-Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China
| | - Rui-Hua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China
| | - Wen-Juan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xue-Mei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China
| | - Ji-Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Lu H, Zhang XY, Wang YQ, Zheng XL, Xing WM, Zhang Q. Andrographolide sodium bisulfate-induced apoptosis and autophagy in human proximal tubular endothelial cells is a ROS-mediated pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 37:718-728. [PMID: 24607686 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Revised: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The nephrotoxic mechanisms of andrographolide sodium bisulfate (ASB) remain largely unknown. This study attempted to explore the mechanism of ASB-induced nephrotoxicity using human proximal tubular endothelial cells (HK-2). METHODS For this study HK-2 cells were treated with rising concentrations of ASB. Their survival rate was detected using MTT assay and ultrastructure was observed with electron microscopy. L-Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay was followed by examination of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected using different methods and apoptosis/autophage related proteins were detected using immunoblotting. RESULTS We found that ASB inhibited HK-2 cell proliferation and decreased cell survival rate in a time and dose-dependent manner (P<0.05, P<0.01, respectively). With increasing ASB concentration, cell structure was variably damaged and evidence of apoptosis and autophagy were observed. MMP gradually decreased and ROS was induced. The expression of JNK and Beclin-1 increased and activation of the JNK signaling pathway were seen. Apoptosis was induced via the mitochondrial-dependent caspase-3 and caspase-9 pathway, and autophagy related protein Beclin-1 was enhanced by ASB. CONCLUSION The data show that ASB induces high levels of ROS generation in HK-2 cells and activates JNK signaling. Furthermore, ASB induces cell apoptosis via the caspase-dependent mitochondrial pathway, and induces cellular autophagy, in part by enhancing Beclin-1 protein expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Lu
- School of Pharmacology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Xin-Yue Zhang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi-Qi Wang
- School of Pharmacology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Liang Zheng
- Institute of Materia Medica, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wen-Min Xing
- School of Pharmacology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- School of Pharmacology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
14-Deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide inhibits proliferation and induces GSH-dependent cell death of human promonocytic leukemic cells. J Nat Med 2014; 68:387-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-014-0815-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
92
|
Tang C, Gu G, Wang B, Deng X, Zhu X, Qian H, Huang W. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Andrographolide Derivatives as Potent Hepatoprotective Agents. Chem Biol Drug Des 2013; 83:324-33. [PMID: 24118795 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunlei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; Centre of Drug Discovery; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjiaxiang Nanjing 210009 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science; Jiangnan University; 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Guolong Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; Centre of Drug Discovery; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjiaxiang Nanjing 210009 China
- College of Pharmacy; Yancheng Teachers University; Yancheng 224002 China
| | - Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; Centre of Drug Discovery; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjiaxiang Nanjing 210009 China
- R&D Center; Jiangsu Yabang Pharmaceutical Group; Changzhou 213163 China
| | - Xin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; Centre of Drug Discovery; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjiaxiang Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; Centre of Drug Discovery; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjiaxiang Nanjing 210009 China
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry; 1320 West Beijing Road Shanghai 200040 China
| | - Hai Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; Centre of Drug Discovery; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjiaxiang Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Wenlong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; Centre of Drug Discovery; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjiaxiang Nanjing 210009 China
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Improved inhibitory activities against tumor-cell migration and invasion by 15-benzylidene substitution derivatives of andrographolide. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:6421-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
94
|
Shen X, Zhang X, Liu S. Novel hemagglutinin-based influenza virus inhibitors. J Thorac Dis 2013; 5 Suppl 2:S149-59. [PMID: 23977436 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2013.06.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Influenza virus has caused seasonal epidemics and worldwide pandemics, which caused tremendous loss of human lives and socioeconomics. Nowadays, only two classes of anti-influenza drugs, M2 ion channel inhibitors and neuraminidase inhibitors respectively, are used for prophylaxis and treatment of influenza virus infection. Unfortunately, influenza virus strains resistant to one or all of those drugs emerge frequently. Hemagglutinin (HA), the glycoprotein in influenza virus envelope, plays a critical role in viral binding, fusion and entry processes. Therefore, HA is a promising target for developing anti-influenza drugs, which block the initial entry step of viral life cycle. Here we reviewed recent understanding of conformational changes of HA in protein folding and fusion processes, and the discovery of HA-based influenza entry inhibitors, which may provide more choices for preventing and controlling potential pandemics caused by multi-resistant influenza viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xintian Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; ; Department of Physiology, Huaihua Medical College, Huaihua 418000, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
95
|
Influenza A virus entry inhibitors targeting the hemagglutinin. Viruses 2013; 5:352-73. [PMID: 23340380 PMCID: PMC3564125 DOI: 10.3390/v5010352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Revised: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) has caused seasonal influenza epidemics and influenza pandemics, which resulted in serious threat to public health and socioeconomic impacts. Until now, only 5 drugs belong to two categories are used for prophylaxis and treatment of IAV infection. Hemagglutinin (HA), the envelope glycoprotein of IAV, plays a critical role in viral binding, fusion and entry. Therefore, HA is an attractive target for developing anti‑IAV drugs to block the entry step of IAV infection. Here we reviewed the recent progress in the study of conformational changes of HA during viral fusion process and the development of HA-based IAV entry inhibitors, which may provide a new choice for controlling future influenza pandemics.
Collapse
|
96
|
Zhu YY, Yu G, Zhang Y, Xu Z, Wang YQ, Yan GR, He QY. A novel andrographolide derivative AL-1 exerts its cytotoxicity on K562 cells through a ROS-dependent mechanism. Proteomics 2012; 13:169-78. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201200273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2012] [Revised: 10/23/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Yang Zhu
- Institute of Life and Health Engineering; and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes; Jinan University; Guangzhou China
| | - Guangchuang Yu
- Institute of Life and Health Engineering; and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes; Jinan University; Guangzhou China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Institute of Life and Health Engineering; and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes; Jinan University; Guangzhou China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Institute of Life and Health Engineering; and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes; Jinan University; Guangzhou China
| | - Yu-Qiang Wang
- Institute of New Drug Research; College of Pharmacy; Jinan University; Guangzhou China
| | - Guang-Rong Yan
- Institute of Life and Health Engineering; and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes; Jinan University; Guangzhou China
| | - Qing-Yu He
- Institute of Life and Health Engineering; and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes; Jinan University; Guangzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Effects of 14-alpha-lipoyl andrographolide on quorum sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012; 56:6088-94. [PMID: 22802260 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01119-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the quorum-sensing (QS) system is closely related to biofilm formation. We previously demonstrated that 14-alpha-lipoyl andrographolide (AL-1) has synergistic effects on antibiofilm and antivirulence factors (pyocyanin and exopolysaccharide) of P. aeruginosa when combined with conventional antibiotics, while it has little inhibitory effect on its growth. However, its molecular mechanism remains elusive. Here we investigated the effect of AL-1 on QS systems, especially the Las and Rhl systems. This investigation showed that AL-1 can inhibit LasR-3-oxo-C(12)-homoserine lactone (HSL) interactions and repress the transcriptional level of QS-regulated genes. Reverse transcription (RT)-PCR data showed that AL-1 significantly reduced the expression levels of lasR, lasI, rhlR, and rhlI in a dose-dependent manner. AL-1 not only decreased the expression level of Psl, which is positively regulated by the Las system, but also increased the level of secretion of ExoS, which is negatively regulated by the Rhl system, indicating that AL-1 has multiple effects on both the Las and Rhl systems. It is no wonder that AL-1 showed synergistic effects with other antimicrobial agents in the treatment of P. aeruginosa infections.
Collapse
|
98
|
Jin L, Fang W, Li B, Shi G, Li X, Yang Y, Yang J, Zhang Z, Ning G. Inhibitory effect of andrographolide in 3T3-L1 adipocytes differentiation through the PPARγ pathway. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2012; 358:81-7. [PMID: 22449851 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2012.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Revised: 02/27/2012] [Accepted: 02/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Andrographolide (AG), an active compound found in Andrographis paniculate Nees, has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory, anticancer and anti-hyperglycemic effects. However, its biological activities against obesity have not been reported. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of AG on the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. We found AG significantly inhibited not only on adipocyte differentiation induced by standard adipogenic agents and MDI, but also on the adipogenesis-related transcription factor, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), as well as the expressions of the PPARγ targeted genes, such as CD36, LPL, FAS and other adiocyte markers. Taken together, our data showed AG inhibited the early stage of adipogenic differentiation, in part via the inhibition of PPARγ-dependent mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Jin
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
99
|
Tang C, Liu Y, Wang B, Gu G, Yang L, Zheng Y, Qian H, Huang W. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Andrographolide Derivatives as Potent Anti-HIV Agents. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2012; 345:647-56. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201200008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2012] [Revised: 03/18/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
100
|
Aromdee C. Modifications of andrographolide to increase some biological activities: a patent review (2006 - 2011). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2012; 22:169-80. [PMID: 22329509 DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2012.661718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Andrographis paniculata Nees, Acanthaceae, is a well-recognised medicinal plant in Asia. It has been reported to possess a variety of biological activities. The main constituent of A. paniculata is andrographolide (Androg). Since the plant is known to treat many diseases, Androg was modified for many biological activities to treat and prevent a variety of diseases. AREA COVERED This review surveys the patents from 2006 to 15 November 2011 for antibacterials, antivirals, antidiabetic, anticancer, analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory analogues. SciFinder database was used to search for the patent work using the keywords 'andrographolide', 'andrographolide derivatives', 'andrographolide analogues' and later additional limits, that is, 'patent' and 'years', 'Clinical trial' and 'years' were searched. Espacenet was also searched for 'andrographolide', 'andrographolide derivatives' and 'andrographolide analogues'. EXPERT OPINION Androg is a good pharmacophore for many pharmacological activities. Esterification at either one or more of the three hydroxyls with short/long chains, heterocyclic, aromatic fatty acids was attempted and tested for a variety of activities. Most of the responses were positive. Other modifications were epoxidation at Δ(7(18)) along with esterifications with various carboxylic acids for anticancer activity. 15-Alkylidene analogues were investigated for α-glucosidase inhibition. The improvement of activities have not yet been proven to be due to the increase in the ability of analogues to reach the targets as prodrugs or the new feature structures fitted to the receptors. It seems that substitution with active compounds, such as lipoic acid, is a new trend for modification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chantana Aromdee
- Khon Kaen University, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 123 Mitraparp Rd, Muang Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|