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Kaske EA, Chen CS, Meyer C, Yang F, Ebitz B, Grissom N, Kapoor A, Darrow DP, Herman AB. Prolonged Physiological Stress Is Associated With a Lower Rate of Exploratory Learning That Is Compounded by Depression. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2023; 8:703-711. [PMID: 36894434 PMCID: PMC11268379 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2022.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress is a major risk factor for depression, and both are associated with important changes in decision-making patterns. However, decades of research have only weakly connected physiological measurements of stress to the subjective experience of depression. Here, we examined the relationship between prolonged physiological stress, mood, and explore-exploit decision making in a population navigating a dynamic environment under stress: health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS We measured hair cortisol levels in health care workers who completed symptom surveys and performed an explore-exploit restless-bandit decision-making task; 32 participants were included in the final analysis. Hidden Markov and reinforcement learning models assessed task behavior. RESULTS Participants with higher hair cortisol exhibited less exploration (r = -0.36, p = .046). Higher cortisol levels predicted less learning during exploration (β = -0.42, false discovery rate [FDR]-corrected p [pFDR] = .022). Importantly, mood did not independently correlate with cortisol concentration, but rather explained additional variance (β = 0.46, pFDR = .022) and strengthened the relationship between higher cortisol and lower levels of exploratory learning (β = -0.47, pFDR = .022) in a joint model. These results were corroborated by a reinforcement learning model, which revealed less learning with higher hair cortisol and low mood (β = -0.67, pFDR = .002). CONCLUSIONS These results imply that prolonged physiological stress may limit learning from new information and lead to cognitive rigidity, potentially contributing to burnout. Decision-making measures link subjective mood states to measured physiological stress, suggesting that they should be incorporated into future biomarker studies of mood and stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika A Kaske
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Cathy S Chen
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Collin Meyer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Flora Yang
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Becket Ebitz
- Department of Neuroscience, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nicola Grissom
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Amita Kapoor
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - David P Darrow
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Alexander B Herman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
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Luca RD, Rifici C, Terranova A, Orecchio L, Castorina MV, Torrisi M, Cannavò A, Bramanti A, Bonanno M, Calabrò RS, Cola MCD. Healthcare worker burnout during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Italy: experiences from an intensive neurological rehabilitation unit. J Int Med Res 2023; 51:3000605231182664. [PMID: 37486238 PMCID: PMC10369104 DOI: 10.1177/03000605231182664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aim was to investigate the prevalence of behavioral symptoms and burnout in healthcare workers in an intensive neurological rehabilitation unit in Messina, Italy, during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Italy. METHODS Forty-seven healthcare workers (including neurologists, physiatrists, nurses and rehabilitation therapists) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study from February 2020 to June 2020. Participants were administered the following psychometric tests to investigate burnout and related symptoms: the Maslach Burnout Inventory, which measures emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment; the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS); the Pre-Sleep Arousal Scale (PSAS); the Dyadic Adjustment Scale; and the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ). RESULTS We found several correlations between test scores and burnout subdimensions. Emotional exhaustion was correlated with SDS (r = 0.67), PSAS-Cognitive (r = 0.67) and PSAS-Somatic (r = 0.70) scores, and moderately correlated with all BPAQ dimensions (r = 0.42). Depersonalization was moderately correlated with SDS (r = 0.54), PSAS-Cognitive (r = 0.53) and PSAS-Somatic (r = 0.50) scores. CONCLUSION During the first COVID-19 lockdown in Italy, healthcare workers were more exposed to physical and mental exhaustion and burnout. Research evaluating organizational and system-level interventions to promote psychological well-being at work for healthcare workers are needed.
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Merrill AL, Stein SL, Chu JT, Sarode AL, McKinley SK, Parangi S, Donelan K, Palamara K. Do Resident Coaching Programs Benefit their Coaches? Impact of a Professional Development Coaching Program on The Coaches. World J Surg 2023; 47:1609-1616. [PMID: 36847851 PMCID: PMC9969939 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-023-06957-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coaching has been shown to decrease physician burnout; however, coachee outcomes have been the focus. We report the impact of coaching on women-identifying surgeons who participated as coaches in a 9-month virtual program. METHODS A coaching program was implemented in the Association of Women Surgeons (AWS) to determine the effects of coaching on well-being and burnout from 2018 to 2020. AWS members volunteered and completed training in professional development coaching. Pre- and post-study measures were assessed, and bivariate analysis performed based on burnout and professional fulfillment score. RESULTS Seventy-five coaches participated; 57 completed both pre- and post-study surveys. There were no significant changes in burnout or professional fulfillment including the Positive Emotion, Engagement, Relationship, Meaning, and Accomplishment scale, hardiness, self-valuation, coping, gratitude, or intolerance of uncertainty scores from baseline to post-survey. On bivariate analysis, hardiness was associated with lower burnout throughout the duration of the program. Coaches with lower burnout at the end of the program met with their coachee more frequently than coaches with higher burnout [mean (SD) 3.95(2.16) versus 2.35(2.13) p = 0.0099]. DISCUSSION Burnout and professional fulfillment demonstrated no change in women surgeons who participated as professional development coaches. Those with lower burnout and higher professional fulfillment at the end of the program were found to have higher hardiness, which may be worth future investigation. CONCLUSIONS Acquisition of coaching skills did not directly improve well-being in faculty who participated in a resident coaching program. Future studies would benefit from control groups and exploration of qualitative benefits of coaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea L Merrill
- Department of Surgery, Boston Medical Center, 820 Harrison Avenue, FGH Building- Suite 5005, Boston, MA, 02118, US.
| | - Sharon L Stein
- Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland, Cleveland, OH, US
- Association of Women Surgeons, Chicago, IL, US
| | - Jacqueline T Chu
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, US
| | - Anuja L Sarode
- Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland, Cleveland, OH, US
| | - Sophia K McKinley
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, US
| | - Sareh Parangi
- Association of Women Surgeons, Chicago, IL, US
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, US
| | - Karen Donelan
- Institute On Healthcare Systems, Heller School of Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University, Boston, MA, US
| | - Kerri Palamara
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, US
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Fulham-McQuillan H, O'Donovan R, Buckley CM, Crowley P, Gilmore B, Martin J, McAuliffe E, Martin G, Moore G, Morrissey M, Nicholson E, Shé ÉN, O'Hara MC, Segurado R, Sweeney MR, Wall P, De Brún A. Exploring the psychological impact of contact tracing work on staff during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:602. [PMID: 37291553 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09566-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contact tracing is a key control measure in the response to the COVID-19 pandemic. While quantitative research has been conducted on the psychological impact of the pandemic on other frontline healthcare workers, none has explored the impact on contact tracing staff. METHODS A longitudinal study was conducted using two repeated measures with contact tracing staff employed in Ireland during the COVID-19 pandemic using two-tailed independent samples t tests and exploratory linear mixed models. RESULTS The study sample included 137 contact tracers in March 2021 (T1) and 218 in September 2021 (T3). There was an increase from T1 to T3 in burnout related exhaustion (p < 0·001), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom scores (p < 0·001), mental distress (p < 0·01), perceived stress (p < 0·001) and tension and pressure (p < 0·001). In those aged 18-30, there was an increase in exhaustion related burnout (p < 0·01), PTSD symptoms (p < 0·05), and tension and pressure scores (p < 0·05). Additionally, participants with a background in healthcare showed an increase in PTSD symptom scores by T3 (p < 0·001), reaching mean scores equivalent to those of participants who did not have a background in healthcare. CONCLUSIONS Contact tracing staff working during the COVID-19 pandemic experienced an increase in adverse psychological outcomes. These findings highlight a need for further research on psychological supports required by contact tracing staff with differing demographic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh Fulham-McQuillan
- UCD Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, Education, and Innovation in Health Systems (UCD IRIS), School of Nursing, Midwifery & Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Róisín O'Donovan
- Centre for Positive Psychology and Health, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin 2, Ireland
| | | | - Philip Crowley
- Team Strategy and Research Directorate, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brynne Gilmore
- UCD Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, Education, and Innovation in Health Systems (UCD IRIS), School of Nursing, Midwifery & Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jennifer Martin
- National Quality and Patient Safety Directorate, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eilish McAuliffe
- UCD Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, Education, and Innovation in Health Systems (UCD IRIS), School of Nursing, Midwifery & Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gregory Martin
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gemma Moore
- Team Strategy and Research Directorate, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mary Morrissey
- National Health Intelligence Unit, Research & Evidence, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Emma Nicholson
- UCD Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, Education, and Innovation in Health Systems (UCD IRIS), School of Nursing, Midwifery & Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Éidín Ní Shé
- Graduate School of Healthcare Management, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Mary Clare O'Hara
- Research and Development, Strategy and Research, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ricardo Segurado
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mary Rose Sweeney
- School of Nursing, Psychotherapy and Community Health, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Patrick Wall
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aoife De Brún
- UCD Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, Education, and Innovation in Health Systems (UCD IRIS), School of Nursing, Midwifery & Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Bernard Ubom AE, Adebayo O, Adeoye PA, Kanmodi KK, Salihu MO, Umar SS, Tolani MA, Ogunsuji OO, Monye HI, Eze UA, Ibrahim YA, Nuhu JT, Selowo TT, Ibrahim SO, Alatishe T, Buowari DY, Edadi UE, Williams A, Ojo A, Osasona T, Esievoadje EO, Sanni TA, Ishaya DG, Suleiman A, Kabir MS, Enebeli UU. Health, well-being, and burnout amongst Early Career Doctors in Nigeria. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285983. [PMID: 37220098 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early Career Doctors (ECDs) in Nigeria are faced with many individual and systemic problems, which consequently adversely affect their health, well-being, patient care and safety. OBJECTIVE This study, the second phase of the Challenges of Residency Training and Early Career Doctors in Nigeria (CHARTING II) Study, sought to examine the risk factors and contributors to the health, well-being and burnout amongst Nigerian ECDs. METHODS This was a study of health, well-being and burnout amongst Nigerian ECDs. Outcome variables included burnout, depression, and anxiety, which were respectively assessed using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) and Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) depression scale, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale. The quantitative data obtained was analysed using the IBM SPSS, version 24. Associations between categorical outcome and independent variables were assessed using chi square, with level of significance set at < 0.05. RESULTS The mean body mass index (BMI), durations of smoking and alcohol consumption of the ECDs were 25.64 ± 4.43 kg/m2 (overweight range), 5.33 ± 5.65 years and 8.44 ± 6.43 years respectively. Less than a third (157, 26.9%) of the ECDs exercised regularly. The most common disease conditions affecting the ECDs were musculoskeletal (65/470, 13.8%) and cardiovascular diseases (39/548, 7.1%). Almost a third (192, 30.6%) of the ECDs reported experiencing anxiety. Male and lower cadre ECDs were more likely than female and higher cadre ECDs to report anxiety, burnout and depression. CONCLUSION There is an urgent need to prioritize the health and well-being of Nigerian ECDs, so as to optimize patient care and improve Nigeria's healthcare indices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oladimeji Adebayo
- Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Philip Adewale Adeoye
- Department of Community Medicine, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
| | - Kehinde K Kanmodi
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Mumeen Olaitan Salihu
- Department of Behavioural Sciences, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Shehu Salihu Umar
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Musliu Adetola Tolani
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Ahmadu Bello University / Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria
| | | | - Henreitta I Monye
- Department of Ophthalmology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ugochukwu A Eze
- Department of Ophthalmology, Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, Nigeria
| | - Yahya Abdulmajid Ibrahim
- Department of Ear, Nose, &Throat (ENT), Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
| | - James Teri Nuhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe, Nigeria
| | - Temitope Toluse Selowo
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Lamingo, Jos, Nigeria
| | | | - Taiwo Alatishe
- Department of Psychiatry, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Ogbomosho, Nigeria
| | - Dabota Yvonne Buowari
- Department of Accident and Emergency, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Ukam Ekup Edadi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology Unit, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Adedayo Williams
- Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Abayomi Ojo
- Department of Anaesthesia, LTH, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Toba Osasona
- Department of Medicine, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ido Ekiti, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Dare Godiya Ishaya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital, Bauchi, Nigeria
| | - Abiodun Suleiman
- Department of Family Medicine, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital, Bauchi, Nigeria
| | - Muhammad Sani Kabir
- Department of Family Medicine, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital, Bauchi, Nigeria
| | - Ugo Uwadiako Enebeli
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
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Mogwitz S, Albus C, Beschoner P, Erim Y, Geiser F, Jerg-Bretzke L, Morawa E, Steudte-Schmiedgen S, Wintermann GB, Weidner K. Mental distress of physicians in the outpatient care throughout the COVID-19 pandemic: emotional and supportive human relations matter - Cross-sectional results of the VOICE-study. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:481. [PMID: 37173735 PMCID: PMC10180613 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09361-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the course of self-reported mental distress and quality of life (QoL) of physicians, working in the outpatient care (POC). Outcomes were compared with a control group of physicians working in the inpatient care (PIC), throughout the Corona Virus Disease (COVID)-19 pandemic. The impact of risk and protective factors in terms of emotional and supportive human relations on mental distress and perceived QoL of POC were of primary interest. METHODS Within the largest prospective, multi-center survey on mental health of health care workers (HCW), conducted during the first (T1) and second (T2) wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe, we investigated the course of current burden (CB), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-2), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2) and QoL, cross-sectionally, in n = 848 POC (T1: n = 536, T2: n = 312). The primary outcomes were compared with an age- and gender-matchted control group of n = 458 PIC (T1: n = 262, T2: n = 196). COVID-19-, work-related, social risk and protective factors were examined. RESULTS At T1, POC showed no significant differences with respect to CB, depression, anxiety, and QoL, after Bonferroni correction. Whereas at T2, POC exhibited higher scores of CB (Cohen´s d/ Cd = .934, p < .001), depression (Cd = 1.648, p < 001), anxiety (Cd = 1.745, p < .001), work-family conflict (Cd = 4.170, p < .001) and lower QoL (Cd = .891, p = .002) compared with PIC. Nearly all assessed parameters of burden increased from T1 to T2 within the cohort of POC (e.g. depression: CD = 1.580, p < .001). Risk factors for mental distress of POC throughout the pandemic were: increased work-family conflict (CB: ß = .254, p < .001, 95% CI: .23, .28; PHQ-2: ß = .139, p = .011, 95% CI: .09, .19; GAD-2: ß = .207, p < .001, 95% CI: .16, .26), worrying about the patients´ security (CB: ß = .144, p = .007, 95% CI: .07, .22; PHQ-2: ß = .150, p = .006, 95% CI: .00, .30), fear of triage situations (GAD-2: ß = .132, p = .010, 95% CI: -.04, .31) and burden through restricted social contact in spare time (CB: ß = .146, p = .003, 95% CI: .07, .22; PHQ-2: ß = .187, p < .001, 95% CI: .03, .34; GAD-2: ß = .156, p = .003, 95% CI: -.01, .32). Protective factors for mental distress and QoL were the perceived protection by local authorities (CB: ß = -.302, p < .001, 95% CI: -.39, -.22; PHQ-2: ß = -.190, p < . 001, 95% CI: -.36, -.02; GAD-2: ß = -.211, p < .001, 95% CI: -.40, -.03; QoL: ß = .273, p < .001, 95% CI: .18, .36), trust in colleagues (PHQ-2: ß = -.181, p < .001, 95% CI: -.34, -.02; GAD-2: ß = -.199, p < .001, 95% CI: -.37, -.02; QoL: ß = .124, p = .017, 95% CI: .04, .21) and social support (PHQ-2: ß = -.180, p < .001, 95% CI: -.22, -.14; GAD-2: ß = -.127, p = .014, 95% CI: -.17, -.08; QoL: ß = .211, p < .001, 95% CI: .19, .23). CONCLUSIONS During the pandemic, the protective role of emotional and supportive human relations on the mental distress and quality of life of POC should be taken into account more thoroughly, both in practice and future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Mogwitz
- Department of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Christian Albus
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany
| | - Petra Beschoner
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Yesim Erim
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Maximiliansplatz 2, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Franziska Geiser
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Clinic of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lucia Jerg-Bretzke
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Eva Morawa
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Maximiliansplatz 2, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Susann Steudte-Schmiedgen
- Department of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gloria-Beatrice Wintermann
- Department of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Kerstin Weidner
- Department of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Pignatiello GA, Cuccia A, Boston-Leary K. The relationships between the healthy nurse, Healthy Nation program, RN perceptions of their work system, and health-related quality of life. Nurs Outlook 2023; 71:101983. [PMID: 37207516 PMCID: PMC10523875 DOI: 10.1016/j.outlook.2023.101983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited research on the effects of nationally oriented health care workforce interventions on RNs' perceptions of their work systems and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). PURPOSE Guided by a systems framework, we examined the association of being affiliated with an organization partnered with the American Nurses Association's Healthy Nurse, Healthy Nation (HNHN) program on RNs' perceptions of their work systems and HRQOL. METHODS We performed a correlational, cross-sectional secondary analysis of a national RN sample (N = 2,166) with case-control matching. We used multiple linear and logistic regressions to evaluate our research questions. DISCUSSION Affiliation with an HNHN partner organization was directly associated with more desirable work system perceptions, and indirectly associated with greater HRQOL. Organization-level workplace interventions hold promise to improve RN working conditions and well-being. CONCLUSION There is an ongoing need to continue developing and evaluating scalable workplace well-being interventions for health care organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alison Cuccia
- American Nurses Association, Silver Spring, MD; The Milken Institute of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC
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Peccoralo LA, Pietrzak RH, Tong M, Kaplan S, Feingold JH, Feder A, Chan C, Verity J, Charney D, Ripp J. A Longitudinal Cohort Study of Factors Impacting Healthcare Worker Burnout in New York City During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Occup Environ Med 2023; 65:362-369. [PMID: 36727906 PMCID: PMC10171104 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to longitudinally examine the prevalence and correlates of burnout in frontline healthcare workers (FHCWs) during COVID-19 in New York City. METHODS A prospective cohort study of 786 FHCWs at Mount Sinai Hospital was conducted during the initial COVID surge in April to May 2020 (T1) and November 2020 to January 2021 (T2) to assess factors impacting burnout. RESULTS Burnout increased from 38.9% to 44.8% ( P = 0.002); 222 FHCWs (28.3%) had persistent burnout, 82 (10.5%) had early burnout, and 129 (16.5%) had delayed burnout. Relative to FHCWs with no burnout ( n = 350; 44.7%), those with persistent burnout reported more prepandemic burnout (relative risk [RR], 6.67), less value by supervisors (RR, 1.79), and lower optimism (RR, 0.82), whereas FHCWs with delayed burnout reported more prepandemic burnout (RR, 1.75) and caring for patients who died (RR, 3.12). CONCLUSION FHCW burnout may be mitigated through increasing their sense of value, support, and optimism; treating mental health symptoms; and counseling regarding workplace distress.
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Vaughn RM, Bagatell N, McGovern H, Feinberg R, Hendry K, Chowdhury R, Cassidy JM. Politics, policies, and patient care: Rehabilitation therapists' experiences during the COVID-19 Pandemic. QUALITATIVE RESEARCH IN MEDICINE & HEALTHCARE 2023; 7:10823. [PMID: 37441129 PMCID: PMC10336862 DOI: 10.4081/qrmh.2023.10823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The year 2020 represents a historically turbulent period for the United States marked by the COVID-19 pandemic, a contentious political season, and heightened awareness of racism among citizens. This intersection of medicine, politics, and social unrest generated a demanding clinical environment for healthcare workers, including understudied groups such as physical therapists, occupational therapists, and speech-language pathologists. This descriptive qualitative study focused on experiences and perspectives of clinical rehabilitation therapists working in inpatient rehabilitation and acute-care units from September to November, 2020. Thirteen participants completed individual, semi-structured interviews focused on clinical practice and coping strategies. The analysis included a multi-step, inductive process. Four interconnecting factors chronicling participants' experiences emerged: sociopolitical, institutional, hospital unit, and personal. Stressors and buffers were noted that further shaped individual experiences. Utilization of an ecological framework provided a way to recognize the impact of a complex range of social and environmental factors affecting participants' experiences on personal and professional levels. Awareness of rehabilitation therapists' experiences enriches understanding of the pandemic's effect on healthcare workers and presents clinical implications for healthcare systems to promote therapist well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jessica M. Cassidy
- Department of Health Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Holton S, Wynter K, Peeters A, Georgalas A, Yeomanson A, Rasmussen B. Psychological wellbeing of Australian community health service staff during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal cohort study. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:405. [PMID: 37101142 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09382-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hospital clinical staff have reported poor psychosocial wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic. Little is known about community health service staff who undertake various roles including education, advocacy and clinical services, and work with a range of clients. Few studies have collected longitudinal data. The aim of this study was to assess the psychological wellbeing of community health service staff in Australia during the COVID-19 pandemic at two time points in 2021. METHODS A prospective cohort design with an anonymous cross-sectional online survey administered at two time points (March/April 2021; n = 681 and September/October 2021; n = 479). Staff (clinical and non-clinical roles) were recruited from eight community health services in Victoria, Australia. Psychological wellbeing was assessed using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and resilience using the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS). General linear models were used to measure the effects of survey time point, professional role and geographic location on DASS-21 subscale scores, adjusting for selected sociodemographic and health characteristics. RESULTS There were no significant differences in respondent sociodemographic characteristics between the two surveys. Staff's mental health declined as the pandemic continued. Adjusting for dependent children, professional role, general health status, geographic location, COVID-19 contact status and country of birth; depression, anxiety and stress scores were significantly higher for respondents in the second survey than the first (all p < 0.001). Professional role and geographic location were not statistically significantly associated with scores on any of the DASS-21 subscales. Higher levels of depression, anxiety and stress were reported among respondents who were younger, and had less resilience or poorer general health. CONCLUSIONS The psychological wellbeing of community health staff was significantly worse at the time of the second survey than the first. The findings indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic has had an ongoing and cumulative negative impact on staff wellbeing. Staff would benefit from continued wellbeing support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Holton
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia.
- The Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research in the Institute of Health Transformation, Deakin University - Western Health Partnership, St Albans, VIC, 3021, Australia.
| | - Karen Wynter
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
- The Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research in the Institute of Health Transformation, Deakin University - Western Health Partnership, St Albans, VIC, 3021, Australia
| | - Anna Peeters
- Institute of Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | | | - Ann Yeomanson
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark and Steno Diabetes Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bodil Rasmussen
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
- The Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research in the Institute of Health Transformation, Deakin University - Western Health Partnership, St Albans, VIC, 3021, Australia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark and Steno Diabetes Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Qin Z, He Z, Yang Q, Meng Z, Lei Q, Wen J, Shi X, Liu J, Wang Z. Prevalence and correlators of burnout among health professionals during different stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in China. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1156313. [PMID: 37181868 PMCID: PMC10169669 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1156313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Persistently increased workload and stress occurred in health professionals (HPs) during the past 3 years as the COVID-19 pandemic continued. The current study seeks to explore the prevalence of and correlators of HPs' burnout during different stages of the pandemic. Methods Three repeated online studies were conducted in different stages of the COVID-19 pandemic: wave 1: after the first peak of the pandemic, wave 2: the early period of the zero-COVID policy, and wave 3: the second peak of the pandemic in China. Two dimensions of burnout, emotional exhaustion (EE) and declined personal accomplishment (DPA), were assessed using Human Services Survey for Medical Personnel (MBI-HSMP), a 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and a 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) to assess mental health conditions. An unconditional logistic regression model was employed to discern the correlators. Results There was an overall prevalence of depression (34.9%), anxiety (22.5%), EE (44.6%), and DPA (36.5%) in the participants; the highest prevalence of EE and DPA was discovered in the first wave (47.4% and 36.5%, respectively), then the second wave (44.9% and 34.0%), and the third wave had the lowest prevalence of 42.3% and 32.2%. Depressive symptoms and anxiety were persistently correlated with a higher prevalence risk of both EE and DPA. Workplace violence led to a higher prevalence risk of EE (wave 1: OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.16-1.63), and women (wave 1: OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.00-1.42; wave 3: OR =1.20, 95% CI:1.01-1.44) and those living in a central area (wave 2: OR = 1.66, 95% CI: 1.20-2.31) or west area (wave 2: OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.26-1.87) also had a higher prevalence risk of EE. In contrast, those over 50 years of age (wave 1: OR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.39-0.96; wave 3: OR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.38-0.95) and who provided care to patients with COVID-19 (wave 2: OR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.57-0.92) had a lower risk of EE. Working in the psychiatry section (wave 1: OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.01-1.89) and being minorities (wave 2: OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.04-1.58) had a higher risk of DPA, while those over 50 years of age had a lower risk of DPA (wave 3: OR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.36-0.88). Conclusion This three-wave cross-sectional study revealed that the prevalence of burnout among health professionals was at a high level persistently during the different stages of the pandemic. The results suggest that functional impairment prevention resources and programs may be inadequate and, as such, continuous monitoring of these variables could provide evidence for developing optimal strategies for saving human resources in the coming post-pandemic era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengshan Qin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health at Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhehao He
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health at Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Qinglin Yang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health at Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zeyu Meng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health at Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qiuhui Lei
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health at Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jing Wen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiuquan Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health at Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhizhong Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health at Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
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Correa AB, Pham H, Bucklin R, Sewell D, Afifi R. Students supporting students: evaluating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on resident assistant mental health. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37120852 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2023.2201867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the impact of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV2 (COVID-19) pandemic on Residents Assistants (RA) at a public university in the Midwest. PARTICIPANTS Sixty-seven RAs that had been offered an RA position for the '20-'21 academic year. METHODS An online cross-sectional survey measuring socio-demographics, stress, and well-being was fielded. MANCOVA models evaluated the impact of COVID-19 on well-being of Current RAs and compared to the non-current RA groups. RESULTS Sixty-seven RAs provided valid data. Overall, 47% of RAs had moderate-severe anxiety and 86.3% had moderate-high level of stress. Current RAs perceiving a great impact of COVID on life had significantly more stress, anxiety, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress than those who did not. RAs who started then quit experienced significantly higher secondary trauma compared to Current RAs. CONCLUSIONS Further research is needed to better understand the experiences and of RAs and to develop policies and programs to support RAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna B Correa
- Community and Behavioral Health Department, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Hanh Pham
- Biostatistics Department, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Rebecca Bucklin
- Community and Behavioral Health Department, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Daniel Sewell
- Biostatistics Department, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Rima Afifi
- Community and Behavioral Health Department, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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El Dabbah NA, Elhadi YAM. High levels of burnout among health professionals treating COVID-19 patients in two Nile basin countries with limited resources. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6455. [PMID: 37081113 PMCID: PMC10116483 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33399-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Burnout syndrome is a real cause for concern in African health facilities. Healthcare professionals (HCPs) burnout is considered a great public health problem and especially during pandemics as several physical and emotional stressors on this population can lead to increased burnout. This study aimed to investigate the frequency and associated factors of occupational burnout among HCPs working at COVID-19 isolation facilities in Egypt and Sudan. This is important to summarize lessons learned and inform relevant interventions for future pandemic responses. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among frontline HCPs from May 2021 to July 2021. An online, anonymous, self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Occupational burnout was estimated using the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory. A total of 362 HCPs participated in the study and were equally recruited from Egypt (181) and Sudan (181) with a mean age of (31.84 ± 8.32) years. More than half of HCPs were females (60%) and physicians (58.3%). Most HCPs included in the study had high levels of work disengagement (75.4%) and emotional exhaustion (98.6%). Burnout syndrome was present in 75% of the HCPs with 77% among Egyptian HCPs and 71% among Sudanese HCPs. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine predictors of burnout, working hours per week were the parameters associated with burnout syndrome among Egyptian HCPs; while for Sudanese HCPs, these were age and number of days off. The study revealed a high level of burnout syndrome among HCPs working at COVID-19 isolation facilities in both Egypt and Sudan. Appropriate actions should be taken to preserve the mental health status of HCPs through the establishment of effective and efficient coping strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha Ahmed El Dabbah
- Department of Health Administration and Behavioral Sciences High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Yasir Ahmed Mohammed Elhadi
- Department of Health Administration and Behavioral Sciences High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Department of Public Health, Medical Research Office, Sudanese Medical Research Association, Khartoum, Sudan
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Garcia-Zamora S, Iomini PA, Pulido L, Miranda-Arboleda AF, Lopez-Santi P, Burgos LM, Perez GE, Priotti M, García DE, Antoniolli M, Musso G, Zaidel EJ, Sosa-Liprandi Á, Del-Sueldo MA, Lopez-Santi R, Vazquez G, Baranchuk A. Comparison of violence and aggressions suffered by health personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina and the rest of Latin America. Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica 2023; 40:179-188. [PMID: 38232264 PMCID: PMC10953667 DOI: 10.17843/rpmesp.2023.402.12646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES. Motivation for the study. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused profound repercussions at different socio-environmental levels. Its impact on violence against healthcare team workers in Argentina has not been well documented. Main findings. The present study evidenced high rates of aggression, particularly verbal aggression. In addition, almost half of the participants reported having suffered these events on a weekly basis. All participants who experienced violence reported having experienced post-event symptoms, and up to one-third reported having considered changing their profession after these acts. Implications. It is imperative to take action to prevent acts of violence against health personnel, or to mitigate its impact on the victims. . To explore the frequency and impact of violence against healthcare workers in Argentina and to compare it with the rest of their Latin American peers during the COVID-19 pandemic. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A cross-sectional study was conducted by applying an electronic survey on Latin American medical and non-medical personnel who carried out health care tasks since March 2020. We used Poisson regression to estimate crude (PR) and adjusted (aPR) Prevalence Ratios with their respective 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS. A total of 3544 participants from 19 countries answered the survey; 1992 (56.0%) resided in Argentina. Of these, 62.9% experienced at least one act of violence; 97.7% reported verbal violence and 11.8% physical violence. Of those who were assaulted, 41.5% experienced violence at least once a week. Health personnel from Argentina experienced violence more frequently than those from other countries (62.9% vs. 54.6%, p<0.001), and these events were more frequent and stressful (p<0.05). In addition, Argentinean health personnel reported having considered changing their healthcare tasks and/or desired to leave their profession more frequently (p<0.001). In the Poisson regression, we found that participants from Argentina had a higher prevalence of violence than health workers from the region (14.6%; p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS. There was a high prevalence of violence against health personnel in Argentina during the COVID-19 pandemic. These events had a strong negative impact on those who suffered them. Our data suggest that violence against health personnel may have been more frequent in Argentina than in other regions of the continent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Garcia-Zamora
- Servicio de Cardiología, Sanatorio Delta, Rosario, Argentina.Servicio de CardiologíaSanatorio DeltaRosarioArgentina
| | - Pablo A. Iomini
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) - UDH Hospital Dr. Prof. Alejandro Posadas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.Universidad de Buenos AiresFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de Buenos Aires (UBA)UDH Hospital Dr. Prof. Alejandro PosadasBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Laura Pulido
- Pneumonology Service, Sanatorio Centro, Rosario, Argentina.Pneumonology ServiceSanatorio CentroRosarioArgentina
| | - Andrés F. Miranda-Arboleda
- Cardiology Division, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.Cardiology DivisionQueen’s UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada
| | - Pilar Lopez-Santi
- Cardiology Division, Hospital Italiano de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.Cardiology DivisionHospital Italiano de La PlataLa PlataArgentina
| | - Lucrecia M. Burgos
- Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Argentina.Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos AiresArgentina
| | - Gonzalo E. Perez
- Cardiology Division, Clínica Olivos, Buenos Aires, Argentina.Cardiology DivisionClínica OlivosBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Mauricio Priotti
- Servicio de Cardiología, Sanatorio Delta, Rosario, Argentina.Servicio de CardiologíaSanatorio DeltaRosarioArgentina
| | - Darío E. García
- Latin American Federation of Emergency Medicine, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.Latin American Federation of Emergency MedicineCiudad de MexicoMexico
| | - Melisa Antoniolli
- Cardiology Service, Sanatorio Finochietto, Buenos Aires, Argentina.Cardiology ServiceSanatorio FinochiettoBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Gabriel Musso
- Intensive Care Service, Sanatorio Parque, Rosario, Argentina.Intensive Care ServiceSanatorio ParqueRosarioArgentina
| | - Ezequiel J. Zaidel
- Cardiology Department, Sanatorio Güemes, CABA, Argentina. Cardiology DepartmentSanatorio GüemesCABAArgentina
| | - Álvaro Sosa-Liprandi
- Cardiology Department, Sanatorio Güemes, CABA, Argentina. Cardiology DepartmentSanatorio GüemesCABAArgentina
| | - Mildren A. Del-Sueldo
- Certus-Clínica de Especialidades Foundation, Cordoba, Argentina.Certus-Clínica de Especialidades FoundationCordobaArgentina
| | - Ricardo Lopez-Santi
- Cardiology Division, Hospital Italiano de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.Cardiology DivisionHospital Italiano de La PlataLa PlataArgentina
| | - Gustavo Vazquez
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.Department of PsychiatryQueen’s UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada
| | - Adrián Baranchuk
- Cardiology Division, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.Cardiology DivisionQueen’s UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada
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Kukulskienė M, Argustaitė-Zailskienė G, Griciūtė A, Miglinė V, Kubilienė L, Žemaitienė N. Significance of organizational health features during the COVID-19 pandemic for the well-being of Lithuanian healthcare workers. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1136762. [PMID: 37008877 PMCID: PMC10061304 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1136762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
SummaryDuring various emergencies, especially pandemics, there is a heavy burden on healthcare workers and pharmacists. Organizational support plays a significant role in protecting their mental health. Though the study aimed analyze the subjectively perceived difficulties and challenges of healthcare workers related to organizing work in the context of a pandemic.MethodsTwenty seven subjects (20 women, 7 men) participated in the qualitative research 30–45 min. Duration semi-structured interviews were performed, and thematic data analysis was applied.ResultsDuring the first wave of the COVD-19 pandemic, research participants experienced an avalanche of change in all significant areas of life: experienced general overall uncertainty, confusion in working order, and intense changes in work functions, responsibilities, and workload. These changes reduced the scope for control and predictability, there was a lack of structure and clarity. The avalanche of change caused by the COVID-19 pandemic provoked a strong and controversial emotional response. The contradiction was revealed between helplessness, disruption, loss of control experienced by staff and the internal and external pressure to adapt as quickly as possible to the functions of caregivers. The threats posed by the pandemic reinforced the need for active and engaged leadership and highlighted the key features of an employee supporting organization.ConclusionSurviving the avalanche of change caused by the pandemic, healthcare workers and pharmacists emphasized the importance of management decisions about managing patient and employee health threats, clear work organization, active and inclusive leadership, change planning, and organizational concern for employee sustainability and emotional well-being. Regular, systematic, clear and understandable, timely, open and sincere, uncontroversial, and consistent communication of administration provides security for employees and can contribute to better physical and psychological well-being of employees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milda Kukulskienė
- Department of Health Psychology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
- *Correspondence: Milda Kukulskienė,
| | | | - Aušra Griciūtė
- Department of Health Psychology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vilma Miglinė
- Department of Health Psychology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Loreta Kubilienė
- Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Nida Žemaitienė
- Department of Health Psychology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
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Stayt LC, Bench S, Credland N, Plowright C. Learning from COVID-19: Cross-sectional e-survey of critical care nurses' satisfaction and experiences of their role in the pandemic response across the United Kingdom. Nurs Crit Care 2023; 28:298-306. [PMID: 36208010 PMCID: PMC9874595 DOI: 10.1111/nicc.12850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the start of the global COVID-19 pandemic in 2019, critical care nurses across the world have been working under extreme levels of pressure. AIM To understand critical care nurses' experiences of and satisfaction with their role in the pandemic response across the United Kingdom (UK). STUDY DESIGN A cross-sectional electronic survey of critical care nurses (n = 339) registered as members of the British Association of Critical Care Nurses. Anonymous quantitative and open-ended question data were collected in March and April 2021 during the height of the second surge of COVID-19 in the UK via an online questionnaire. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and free text responses were collated and analysed thematically. RESULTS There was a response rate of 17.5%. Critical care nurses derived great satisfaction from making a difference during this global crisis and greatly valued teamwork and support from senior nurses. However, nurses consistently expressed concern over the quality of safe patient care, which they perceived to be suboptimal due to staff shortages and a dilution of the specialist skill mix. Together with the high volume of patient deaths, critical care nurses reported that these stressors influenced their personalwell-being. CONCLUSIONS This study provides insights into the key lessons health care leaders must consider when managing the response to the demands and challenges of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19 is unpredictable in its course, and what future variants might mean in terms of transmissibility, severity and resultant pressures to critical care remains unknown. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Future responses to the challenges that critical care faces must consider nurses' experiences and create an environment that engenders supportive teamwork, facilitates excellent nursing practice and effective safe patient care where critical care nursing may thrive.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suzanne Bench
- ACORN- A Centre Of Research for Nurses & Midwives, Nightingale Academy, London, UK
| | - Nicki Credland
- University of Hull, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hull, UK
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Lamuri A, Shatri H, Umar J, Sudaryo MK, Malik K, Sitepu MS, Saraswati, Muzellina VN, Nursyirwan SA, Idrus MF, Renaldi K, Abdullah M. Burnout dimension profiles among healthcare workers in Indonesia. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14519. [PMID: 36945347 PMCID: PMC10008048 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Besides biological impact, COVID-19 also poses a threat to psychological wellbeing and the quality of life. Healthcare workers, especially those assuming a front-line post, are at a higher risk of being affected, both physically and psychologically. This study aims to analyse variables potentially associated with burnout and psychological distress among healthcare workers with various health center stratifications, where we commenced a nationwide survey to establish the baseline data. Method An analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted on the 11th - September 18, 2020. Participants were enrolled from healthcare institutions represented by epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia, which were Java, Sumatra, Bali, and were asked questionnaires, including the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21), Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Somatic Symptom Scale 8 (SSS-8), also Well-Being Index (WBI). A linear mixed effect model was used to analyse how three dimensions of burnout vary across occupations. Results A total of 3629 healthcare workers were analysed in this study. Burnout syndrome was found in 37.5% of healthcare workers. The prevalence of burnout among medical personnel, nurses, and midwives was 44.6%, 33.5%, and 36.2%, respectively. The prevalence of burnout in healthcare workers was most common in Java (38.4%) and healthcare workers who work in the hospital (28.6%). Based on the burnout dimensions, 48.2% of healthcare workers experienced moderate to high emotional exhaustion, 51.8% moderate to high depersonalization, and 96.9% high personal accomplishment. The R 2 values was 0.33,0.28,0.27 for emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment model. Calculated power of the emotional exhaustion and depersonalization model was 100% for both midwife and nurse variable. Meanwhile, the power of the personal accomplishment model was 100% for midwife and 94.7% for nurse variable. Conclusion The extent of the three burnout dimensions is pervasive in all occupational levels and the place of work (hospital/community health center).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aly Lamuri
- Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute, Neuroscience and Brain Development Cluster, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Hamzah Shatri
- Division of Psychosomatic and Palliative Care, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia - Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Jahja Umar
- Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Khamelia Malik
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia - Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Virly N Muzellina
- Division of Gastroenterology, Pancreatobiliary, And Digestive Endoscopy, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia - Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Saskia A Nursyirwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Pancreatobiliary, And Digestive Endoscopy, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia - Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad F Idrus
- Division of Gastroenterology, Pancreatobiliary, And Digestive Endoscopy, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia - Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Kaka Renaldi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Pancreatobiliary, And Digestive Endoscopy, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia - Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Murdani Abdullah
- Division of Gastroenterology, Pancreatobiliary, And Digestive Endoscopy, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia - Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Shih KK, Anderson A, Dai J, Fellman B, Rozman de Moraes A, Stanton P, Nelson C, DeLa Cruz V, Bruera E. Hybrid Work from Home Clinical Academic Environment: A One-Year Follow-Up Survey of Attitudes and Beliefs of Members of a Department of Palliative Care, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine. J Palliat Med 2023; 26:342-352. [PMID: 36108159 DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2022.0203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine (PRIM) department members anonymously reported a positive experience with work from home (WFH) two months after its rapid pandemic transition in March 2020. Data are limited on the stability of such preferences and experiences over time. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to survey the attitudes and beliefs of PRIM employees toward remote work 16 months after the start of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic since vaccines and to determine changes in perceptions of WFH. Methods: All 138 PRIM employees were invited to participate in an anonymous survey from mid-July to mid-August 2021. The 30-question survey included demographics, perceptions toward WFH, and the pandemic. Results: One hundred fifteen (83%) employees completed the survey: 29 (74%) research, 62 (83%) clinicians, and 24 (100%) administrative personnel. Most were female (76%), 30-59 years old (88%), PRIM employees before May 2020 (89%), shared office space (52%), and had received either first or second dose of the COVID-19 vaccine (88%). Overall experience (86%) and emotional response (74%) with WFH were positive and not significantly different from 2020 (p = 0.128 and 0.782, respectively). Positive experience was associated with having adequate equipment (p = 0.002), perception of productivity (p = 0.002), financial advantage (p = 0.002), and time demands caring for dependents (p = 0.038). Clinicians reported less positive response (78%, p = 0.002) and less productivity (49%, p = 0.002) with WFH and higher level of stress (54%, p = 0.026) since COVID-19. Employees continued to support WFH permanently (79%) for two or more days/week (82%). There was continued increased emotional exhaustion (71%) similar to 2020 (p = 0.868), and being asked to work partially or completely from home permanently was favored by 64% versus 97% and 96% of clinicians, research, and administrative, respectively (p = 0.002). Conclusions: Support for WFH was sustained a year later and after three pandemic waves. These findings serve as a model for future rapid work transitions and can help elucidate factors associated with stress and emotional exhaustion in a new post-COVID-19 work environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaoswi Karina Shih
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine and The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Aimee Anderson
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine and The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jianliang Dai
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Bryan Fellman
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Aline Rozman de Moraes
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine and The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Penny Stanton
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine and The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Christina Nelson
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine and The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Vera DeLa Cruz
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine and The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Eduardo Bruera
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine and The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Novilla MLB, Moxley VBA, Hanson CL, Redelfs AH, Glenn J, Donoso Naranjo PG, Smith JMS, Novilla LKB, Stone S, Lafitaga R. COVID-19 and Psychosocial Well-Being: Did COVID-19 Worsen U.S. Frontline Healthcare Workers' Burnout, Anxiety, and Depression? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4414. [PMID: 36901432 PMCID: PMC10002248 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Healthcare workers are highly regarded for their compassion, dedication, and composure. However, COVID-19 created unprecedented demands that rendered healthcare workers vulnerable to increased burnout, anxiety, and depression. This cross-sectional study assessed the psychosocial impact of COVID-19 on U.S. healthcare frontliners using a 38-item online survey administered by Reaction Data between September and December 2020. The survey included five validated scales to assess self-reported burnout (Maslach Summative Burnout Scale), anxiety (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-2), resilience (Brief Resilience Coping Scale), and self-efficacy (New Self-Efficacy Scale-8). We used regression to assess the relationships between demographic variables and the psychosocial scales index scores and found that COVID-19 amplified preexisting burnout (54.8%), anxiety (138.5%), and depression (166.7%), and reduced resilience (5.70%) and self-efficacy (6.5%) among 557 respondents (52.6% male, 47.5% female). High patient volume, extended work hours, staff shortages, and lack of personal protective equipment (PPE) and resources fueled burnout, anxiety, and depression. Respondents were anxious about the indefinite duration of the pandemic/uncertain return to normal (54.8%), were anxious of infecting family (48.3%), and felt conflicted about protecting themselves versus fulfilling their duty to patients (44.3%). Respondents derived strength from their capacity to perform well in tough times (74.15%), emotional support from family/friends (67.2%), and time off work (62.8%). Strategies to promote emotional well-being and job satisfaction can focus on multilevel resilience, safety, and social connectedness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carl L. Hanson
- Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Alisha H. Redelfs
- Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Jeffrey Glenn
- Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | | | - Jenna M. S. Smith
- Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | | | - Sarah Stone
- Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Rachel Lafitaga
- Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
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70
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Nakić D, Gusar I, Franov I, Sarić MM, Ljubičić M. Relationship between Transition Shock, Professional Stressors, and Intent to Leave the Nursing Profession during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Medicina (B Aires) 2023; 59:medicina59030468. [PMID: 36984469 PMCID: PMC10051272 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59030468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Moving nurses to a COVID-19 department may cause the phenomenon of transition shock, which occurs when already employed nurses change jobs. A set of confusing and uncertain feelings arise due to the unfamiliar work environment, which may lead to their intention to leave the nursing profession. The aim of this study was to examine transition shock and the contribution of both the respondents’ characteristics and the presence of stressors to the occurrence of transition shock in nurses assigned to work in COVID-19 departments. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study with 120 nurses employed in COVID-19 departments was conducted. Several linear regression models were used to assess the association between transition shock, personal and professional COVID-19 stressors, and the intention to leave the nursing profession. Results: Nurses who intended to leave the profession showed higher transition shock and higher personal and professional stressors (p < 0.001). Female nurses had lower transition shock (β = −0.16; p = 0.036) and higher personal COVID-19 stressors (β = 0.27; p < 0.001). University education contributes to the lowering of nurses’ transition shock (β = −0.16; p = 0.038). Nurses who did not intend to leave the nursing profession had lower personal COVID-19 stressors (β = −0.15; p = 0.044). Transition shock was associated with personal COVID-19 stressors (β = 0.39; p < 0.001) and professional COVID-19 stressors (β = 0.29; p < 0.001), and vice versa. Conclusions: The phenomenon of transition shock was present after nurses transitioned to working in COVID-19 departments. Transition shock may cause more nurses to leave the profession, which may have a strong impact on the health system in many countries that are already facing a shortage of nurses. Additional education on and preparation for adapting to new working conditions with psychological support could have an influence by lowering the level of nurses’ transition shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Nakić
- General Hospital Zadar, Bože Peričića 5, 23000 Zadar, Croatia
- Department of Health Studies, University of Zadar, Splitska 1, 23000 Zadar, Croatia
| | - Ivana Gusar
- Department of Health Studies, University of Zadar, Splitska 1, 23000 Zadar, Croatia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-91-315-6785
| | - Ivana Franov
- Department of Health Studies, University of Zadar, Splitska 1, 23000 Zadar, Croatia
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Centre Split, Spinčićeva 1, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Marijana Matek Sarić
- Department of Health Studies, University of Zadar, Splitska 1, 23000 Zadar, Croatia
| | - Marija Ljubičić
- Department of Health Studies, University of Zadar, Splitska 1, 23000 Zadar, Croatia
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71
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Štěpánek L, Nakládalová M, Janošíková M, Ulbrichtová R, Švihrová V, Hudečková H, Sovová E, Sova M, Vévoda J. Prevalence of Burnout in Healthcare Workers of Tertiary-Care Hospitals during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Survey from Two Central European Countries. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3720. [PMID: 36834414 PMCID: PMC9962650 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 has led to an unprecedented strain on healthcare workers (HCWs). This study aimed to determine the prevalence of burnout in hospital employees during a prolonged pandemic-induced burden on healthcare systems. An online survey among employees of a Czech and Slovak university hospital was conducted between November 2021 and January 2022, approximately when the incidence rates peaked in both countries. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey was applied. We obtained 807 completed questionnaires (75.1% from Czech employees, 91.2% from HCWs, 76.2% from women; mean age of 42.1 ± 11 years). Burnout in emotional exhaustion (EE) was found in 53.2%, depersonalization (DP) in 33%, and personal accomplishment (PA) in 47.8% of respondents. In total, 148 (18.3%) participants showed burnout in all dimensions, 184 (22.8%) in two, and 269 (33.3%) in at least one dimension. Burnout in EE and DP (65% and 43.7%) prevailed in physicians compared to other HCWs (48.6% and 28.8%). Respondents from COVID-19-dedicated units achieved burnout in the EE and DP dimensions with higher rates than non-frontline HCWs (58.1% and 40.9% vs. 49.9% and 27.7%). Almost two years of the previous overloading of healthcare services, caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, resulted in the relatively high prevalence of burnout in HCWs, especially in physicians and frontline HCWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ladislav Štěpánek
- Department of Occupational Medicine, University Hospital Olomouc and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, I. P. Pavlova 6, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Nakládalová
- Department of Occupational Medicine, University Hospital Olomouc and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, I. P. Pavlova 6, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Magdaléna Janošíková
- Department of Occupational Medicine, University Hospital Olomouc and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, I. P. Pavlova 6, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Romana Ulbrichtová
- Department of Public Health, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 11149/4B, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Viera Švihrová
- Department of Public Health, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 11149/4B, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Henrieta Hudečková
- Department of Public Health, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 11149/4B, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Eliška Sovová
- Department of Exercise Medicine and Cardiovascular Rehabilitation, University Hospital Olomouc and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Sova
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases and Tuberculosis, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Vévoda
- Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Palacký University in Olomouc, Hněvotínská 976/3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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72
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Sardella A, Musetti A, Caponnetto P, Quattropani MC, Lenzo V. Prolonged Grief Disorder and Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression among Bereaved Family Caregivers in the Context of Palliative Home Care. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2023; 13:490-500. [PMID: 36826221 PMCID: PMC9955476 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe13020037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and the psychological comorbidity of PGD among bereaved family caregivers of palliative care cancer patients. We also examined the discriminant validity of two simple and reliable tools in correctly categorized individuals with PGD. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 157 bereaved participants (77.1% females, mean age = 43.50 ± 14.04 years, mean time since the loss = 3.59 years) recruited from three palliative home care services. These participants completed the Prolonged Grief Scale (PG-13) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Results: The prevalence of PGD within the sample was 4.46% (i.e., = 7/157). Participants scored higher than the cut-off on the PG-13 and the HADS-D. Symptoms of PGD were positively correlated with depression levels. The ROC curve analysis showed that the HADS-D was outstanding in categorizing individuals with prolonged grief disorder from those without PGD. A HADS-D score of ≥7.5 was able to categorize participants with a sensitivity of 0.90 and a specificity of 0.73. Conclusions: Overall, these results highlight the relationship between grief and depression symptoms and their exceptional discriminant validity among correctly identified individuals with PGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Sardella
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Alessandro Musetti
- Department of Humanities, Social Sciences and Cultural Industries, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy
| | - Pasquale Caponnetto
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of Harm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | | | - Vittorio Lenzo
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
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73
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Pan CX, Crupi R, August P, Sundaram V, Norful AA, Schwartz JE, Miele AS, Simons RR, Mikrut EE, Brondolo E. An Intensive Longitudinal Assessment Approach to Surveilling Trajectories of Burnout over the First Year of the COVID Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2930. [PMID: 36833628 PMCID: PMC9956892 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Frontline clinicians responding to the COVID-19 pandemic are at increased risk of burnout, but less is known about the trajectory of clinician burnout as caseloads increase and decrease. Personal and professional resources, including self-efficacy and hospital support, can attenuate the risk of burnout. Yet, empirical data documenting how burnout and resources changed as the pandemic waxed and waned are limited. This intensive longitudinal prospective study employed ecological momentary assessment methods to examine trajectories of burnout and resources over the pandemic's first year in a New York City hospital. A 10-item survey was emailed every 5 days to frontline clinicians (physicians, nurses, and physician assistants). The primary outcome was a single-item validated measure of burnout; predictors included daily hospital COVID-19-related caseloads and personal and professional resources. Clinicians (n = 398) completed the initial survey and an average of 12 surveys over the year. Initially, 45.3% of staff reported burnout; over the year, 58.7% reported burnout. Following the initial COVID peak, caseloads declined, and burnout levels declined. During the second wave of COVID, as caseloads increased and remained elevated and personal and professional resource levels decreased, burnout increased. This novel application of intensive longitudinal assessment enabled ongoing surveillance of burnout and permitted us to evaluate how fluctuations in caseload intensity and personal and professional resources related to burnout over time. The surveillance data support the need for intensified resource allocation during prolonged pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia X. Pan
- NewYork-Presbyterian Queens Hospital, Flushing, NY 11355, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Robert Crupi
- NewYork-Presbyterian Queens Hospital, Flushing, NY 11355, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Phyllis August
- NewYork-Presbyterian Queens Hospital, Flushing, NY 11355, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Varuna Sundaram
- NewYork-Presbyterian Queens Hospital, Flushing, NY 11355, USA
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - Joseph E. Schwartz
- Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Andrew S. Miele
- Department of Psychology, St. John’s University, New York, NY 11439, USA
| | - R. Rhiannon Simons
- Department of Psychology, St. John’s University, New York, NY 11439, USA
| | - Emilia E. Mikrut
- Department of Psychology, St. John’s University, New York, NY 11439, USA
| | - Elizabeth Brondolo
- Department of Psychology, St. John’s University, New York, NY 11439, USA
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74
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Curtis SJ, Trewin A, McCormack LM, Were K, McDermott K, Walsh N. Building a safety culture for infection prevention and control adherence at Howard Springs: A workplace survey. Infect Dis Health 2023; 28:47-53. [PMID: 36127286 DOI: 10.1016/j.idh.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Building a safety culture is essential to facilitate infection prevention and control (IPC) adherence in workplaces. We aimed to explore perceptions, barriers and facilitators to IPC procedures by the Australian Medical Assistance Team (AUSMAT) at Howard Springs International Quarantine Facility (HSIQF). METHODS We performed a descriptive analysis of a cross-sectional survey administered to the AUSMAT employed at HSQIF from October 2020 to April 2021. We described motivation, training and compliance to IPC adherence and Likert scales described the level of agreement to the success of IPC procedures across the domains of communication, risk, trust, safety and environment, from the individual, team and organisational perspective. RESULTS There were 101 participants (response rate 59%, 101/170) and 70% (71/101) were clinical. There was strong agreement to the success of IPC procedures, with a median 4 (agree) or 5 (strongly agree) across each domain and perspective of the 67 Likert items. Clinical staff reported slightly higher agreement than non-clinical staff across Likert items. To improve IPC compliance, most reported that daily training should be provided (77/97, 79%) and daily training was very or extremely effective (91/97, 93%). Participants were motivated by protecting self, friends, family and the community rather than workplace pressures. Barriers to IPC compliance were the ambient environment and fatigue. CONCLUSIONS A safety culture was successfully built at HSQIF to optimise IPC adherence whilst managing multiple hazards including prevention of COVID-19 transmission. Strategies implemented by AUSMAT at the quarantine facility may inform the development of safety culture in other settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie J Curtis
- National Critical Care and Trauma Response Centre, Darwin, Northern Territory, 0810, Australia.
| | - Abigail Trewin
- National Critical Care and Trauma Response Centre, Darwin, Northern Territory, 0810, Australia
| | - Luke M McCormack
- National Critical Care and Trauma Response Centre, Darwin, Northern Territory, 0810, Australia; Response Psychological Services, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Karen Were
- National Critical Care and Trauma Response Centre, Darwin, Northern Territory, 0810, Australia
| | - Kathleen McDermott
- National Critical Care and Trauma Response Centre, Darwin, Northern Territory, 0810, Australia
| | - Nick Walsh
- National Critical Care and Trauma Response Centre, Darwin, Northern Territory, 0810, Australia
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75
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Naviaux AF, Barbier L, Chopinet S, Janne P, Gourdin M. Ways of preventing surgeon burnout. J Visc Surg 2023; 160:33-38. [PMID: 36257890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
In surgical practice, numerous sources of stress (stressors) are unpredictable, two examples being daily workload and postoperative complications. They may help to explain surgeon burnout, of which the prevalence (34 to 53%) has been the subject of many studies. That said, even though assessments are legion, recommended solutions have been few and far between, especially insofar as by nature and training, surgeons are disinclined to interest themselves in burnout, which they are prone to consider as something experienced by "others". The objective of this attempt at clarification is to identify in the literature the strategies put forward in view of avoiding surgeon burnout, and to assess the impact of this phenomenon not only on the surgeon's professional and personal entourage, but also on patient safety. Prevention-based strategies, many of them focused on modifiable stressors, will be detailed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-F Naviaux
- College of Psychiatrists of Ireland, Health Service Executive (HSE) Summerhill Community Mental Health Service, W35 KC58 Summer Hill, Wexford, Ireland; CHU UCL Namur, Catholic University of Louvain, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - L Barbier
- Liver Transplant and HPB surgery, Auckland City Hospital, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - S Chopinet
- Liver and Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation, La Timone Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - P Janne
- CHU UCL Namur, Catholic University of Louvain, Yvoir, Belgium; Faculty of Psychology, Catholic University of Louvain, place Cardinal Mercier, 10, 1348 Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - M Gourdin
- CHU UCL Namur, Catholic University of Louvain, Yvoir, Belgium; Department of Anesthesiology, CHU UCL Namur, Catholic University of Louvain, B5530 Yvoir, Belgium
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76
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Ross M, Sagrera C, McPherson P, Gurgel Smith D, Alfrad Nobel Bhuiyan M, Tinsley M, Goeders N, Patterson J, Murnane K. Use of virtual meeting and survey technology to assess Covid-19-related mental well-being of healthcare workers. ETHICS, MEDICINE, AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 26:100860. [PMID: 36467267 PMCID: PMC9701645 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2022.100860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background and aims Healthcare workers (HCWs) throughout the world have been exposed to economic and existential stress during the Covid-19 pandemic. The American Medical Association (AMA) has documented that increased healthcare burden correlates with increased stress, burnout, and psychological burden in HCWs. However, limits on personnel, time, and in person interactions make it challenging to assess mental health outcomes during a pandemic. This pilot study used virtual technology to efficiently assess these outcomes. Setting Data were collected based on voluntary participation in the Coping with Covid-19 for Caregivers Survey created by AMA. The survey was sent out to approximately 300 participants who included local physicians, medical residents, medical students, and allied health professionals and students who attended a virtual Mental Health Summit. Methods The AMA developed survey included questions about demographics, overall stress, fear of infection and transmission of the virus, perceived anxiety or depression due to Covid-19, work overload, childcare issues, and sense of meaning and purpose. The AMA allows for up to five additional questions to be added to their survey, therefore five questions regarding support service utilization, perseverance, and resilience during the Covid-19 pandemic, and two items to further understand students' areas of medical interest. The survey was administered using an online platform through the AMA. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results There were 81 survey respondents. Based on the results of the survey, "high stress" was found in 52 (64%) participants. 66 (81%) were afraid (moderately or to a great extent) of exposure or transmission, 61 (75%) described high levels of anxiety or depression, and 67 (84%) noted work overload. Despite this increase in stress, most respondents (77%) said they were not likely to reduce their devoted hours to clinical care or research in the next 12 months, and 81% answered that they would not leave their practice or research within two years. Conclusion Covid-19 has negatively affected the well-being of HCWs. This is a similar trend seen during other times of healthcare strain. Mental health support, work modulation, and various provisions should be explored as means to reduce Covid-19-related negative impacts. The use of an online summit and online data collection methods were appropriate for collecting data on the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on mental health. This pilot study supports the larger scale implementation of this technology for health informatics research.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.M. Ross
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center–Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA,Louisiana Addiction Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center–Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - C. Sagrera
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center–Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA,Louisiana Addiction Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center–Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - P. McPherson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center–Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA,Louisiana Addiction Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center–Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - D. Gurgel Smith
- Louisiana Addiction Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center–Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA,Department of Public Health, School of Allied Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center–Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - M. Alfrad Nobel Bhuiyan
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center–Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - M.S. Tinsley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center–Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA,Louisiana Addiction Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center–Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Services, Tulane University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - N.E. Goeders
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center–Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA,Louisiana Addiction Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center–Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA,Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Neuroscience, School of Graduate Studies, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center–Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - J.C. Patterson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center–Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA,Louisiana Addiction Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center–Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA,Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Neuroscience, School of Graduate Studies, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center–Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - K.S. Murnane
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center–Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA,Louisiana Addiction Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center–Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA,Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Neuroscience, School of Graduate Studies, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center–Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA,Corresponding author at: Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center–Shreveport, 1501; Kings Highway, PO Box 33932, 71103 Shreveport, LA, USA
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Sudden death among young Sudanese physicians: a wake-up call. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:78-79. [PMID: 36845820 PMCID: PMC9949866 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000000174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
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Skelton E, Harrison G, Rutherford M, Ayers S, Malamateniou C. UK obstetric sonographers' experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic: Burnout, role satisfaction and impact on clinical practice. ULTRASOUND (LEEDS, ENGLAND) 2023; 31:12-22. [PMID: 36751510 PMCID: PMC9895286 DOI: 10.1177/1742271x221091716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic placed additional demands and stressors on UK obstetric sonographers, who were required to balance parent safety and service quality, alongside staff safety. Increased pressure can negatively impact a healthcare worker's well-being and the provision of person-centred care. The aim of this study was to explore obstetric sonographers' experiences of performing pregnancy ultrasound scans during the pandemic and to assess the impact on burnout, role satisfaction and clinical practice. Methods An online, anonymous cross-sectional survey was created to capture sonographers' experience alongside using the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory to evaluate burnout and Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation 10 (CORE-10) to measure psychological distress. Results Responses were received from 138 sonographers. Of those completing the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (n = 89), 92.1% and 91.0% met the burnout thresholds for exhaustion and disengagement, respectively. Sonographers with a higher burnout score also perceived that COVID-19 had a greater, negative impact on their practice (p < 0.05). The mean CORE-10 score of 14.39 (standard deviation = 7.99) suggests mild psychological distress among respondents. A significant decrease in role satisfaction was reported from before to during the pandemic (p < 0.001), which was associated with higher scores for burnout and psychological distress (p < 0.001). Change in role satisfaction was correlated with sonographers' perception of safety while scanning during the pandemic (R 2 = 0.148, p < 0.001). Sixty-five sonographers (73.9%) reported they were considering leaving the profession, changing their area of practice or working hours within the next 5 years. Conclusion Job and context-specific interventions are required to mitigate burnout and its consequences on the workforce and service provision beyond the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Skelton
- City, University of London, London,
UK,King’s College London, London, UK,Emily Skelton, City, University of London,
Northampton Square, London EC1V 0HB, UK.
| | - Gill Harrison
- The Society and College of
Radiographers, London, UK
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79
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Rony MKK, Rahman MM, Saki MAA, Parvin MR, Alamgir HM. Coping strategies adopted by frontline nurses in dealing with COVID-19 patients in a developing country during the pandemic: A qualitative study. Nurs Open 2023; 10:3646-3658. [PMID: 36719818 PMCID: PMC10170892 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to explore the coping strategies adopted by frontline nurses in dealing with COVID-19 patients during the pandemic in Bangladesh. DESIGN A qualitative descriptive study. METHODS Purposive sampling was used to recruit seventeen frontline nurses from three COVID-19-specific hospitals in Dhaka City. In-depth online interviews and semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect data through the Google Meet platform. Interview sessions audio-video were recorded, interpreted, analysed, verbatim transcribed and quotes of the participants were verified by member checking. Thematic analysis was used in this research. The study's reporting guidelines were based on the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research. RESULTS Seven themes were identified after careful data analysis: (i) A positive attitude in dealing with challenging situation, (ii) Intimate partner's influence, (iii) Self-emotional regulation, (iv) The tendency to avoid negativity, (v) Motivated by professional obligations, (vi) Religious influence, (vii) Recreational activities. NO PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION This study explored various coping strategies employed by frontline nurses in caring for COVID-19 patients. No patient or public contribution was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustaq Karim Khan Rony
- Master of Public Health, Bangladesh Open University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Institute of Social Welfare and Research, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Directorate General Nursing and Midwifery, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Mst Rina Parvin
- Major at Bangladesh Army, Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Hasnat M Alamgir
- Professor of Public Health; Chair, Centre for Consultancy and Applied Research, International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Izdebski Z, Kozakiewicz A, Białorudzki M, Dec-Pietrowska J, Mazur J. Occupational Burnout in Healthcare Workers, Stress and Other Symptoms of Work Overload during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Poland. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2428. [PMID: 36767797 PMCID: PMC9916221 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the level and selected determinants of burnout among five groups of healthcare workers (physicians, nurses, paramedics, other medical and nonmedical staff) working during the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland. This cross-sectional study was conducted from February to April 2022, with the use of a self-administered mostly online survey. The BAT-12 scale was used to measure burnout, and the PSS-4 scale was used to measure stress. The sample was limited to 2196 individuals who worked with patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. A series of multivariate logistic regression models with three to nine predictors was estimated. The prevalence of burnout ranged from 27.7% in other nonmedical staff to 36.5% in nurses. Adjusting for age and gender, both physicians (p = 0.011) and nurses (p < 0.001) were at higher risk of burnout. In the final model, elevated stress most likely increased the risk of burnout (OR = 3.88; 95%CI <3.13-3.81>; p < 0,001). Other significant predictors of burnout included traumatic work-related experience (OR =1.91, p < 0.001), mobbing (OR = 1.83, p < 0.001) and higher workload than before the pandemic (OR = 1.41, p = 0.002). Only 7% of the respondents decided to use various forms of psychological support during the pandemic. The presented research can contribute to the effective planning and implementation of measures in the face of crisis when the workload continues to increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zbigniew Izdebski
- Department of Biomedical Aspects of Development and Sexology, Faculty of Education, Warsaw University, 00-561 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Humanization of Health Care and Sexology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Góra, 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Alicja Kozakiewicz
- Department of Humanization of Health Care and Sexology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Góra, 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Maciej Białorudzki
- Department of Humanization of Health Care and Sexology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Góra, 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Joanna Dec-Pietrowska
- Department of Humanization of Health Care and Sexology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Góra, 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Joanna Mazur
- Department of Humanization of Health Care and Sexology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Góra, 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland
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Ahmed FR, Al-Yateem N, Arsyad Subu M, Alkawaldeh M, Dias JM, Saifan AR, AbuRuz ME. Quality of life as a mediating factor in the relationship between fatigue and perception of safety among critical care nurses in the United Arab Emirates. Intensive Crit Care Nurs 2023; 76:103391. [PMID: 36702032 DOI: 10.1016/j.iccn.2023.103391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A scientific understanding of the relationships between intensive care unit nurses' well-being and patient safety will allow nurse managers, administrators, and policymakers to simultaneously manage crucial organisational goals of nurses' health and patient safety. Understanding predictors of fatigue among intensive care unit nurses may help to balance personal and organisational impacts (e.g., turnover intention, sick leave) and provide a way to positively influence their safety perception. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the association between work fatigue and perception of patient safety among nurses working in critical care units and determine whether their quality of life levels mediated this relationship. METHODS This study used a cross-sectional correlational comparative design. Participants were a sample of 250 intensive care unit nurses recruited conveniently from three large hospitals in the United Arab Emirates. The self-reported questionnaire included the Nursing Quality of Life Scale, the Fatigue Severity Scale, and the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ)-ICU version, as well as sociodemographic characteristics and work-related information. RESULTS Of the 250 participating nurses, 76.8 % reported low QoL. There was a statistically significant correlation between nurses' Quality of Life and fatigue levels (r = 0.234, P = 0.000). Overall, 52.8 % of the sample had high fatigue and 49.6 % had poor safety perception. Multiple regression analysis using the Baron and Kenny approach showed that QoL, marital status, gender, and work environment were predictors of nurses' perception of safety. CONCLUSION Intensive care unit nurses had high levels of fatigue and poor Quality of Life. High Quality of Life and a favourable work environment were independent predictors of good patient safety perception. Efforts should be directed to maximize staffing resources that positively impact patient safety. These findings are comparable with international studies, suggesting that these issues may be ubiquitous. IMPLICATIONS FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE Intensive care practitioners, managers and policymakers should adopt measures to modify intensive care nurses' exhausting working conditions and provide a supportive environment. these interventions might improve nurses' perception of patient safety and consequently prevent safety incidents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Refaat Ahmed
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Critical Care and Emergency Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Nabeel Al-Yateem
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Muhammad Arsyad Subu
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Mohammad Alkawaldeh
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Jacqueline Maria Dias
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Ahmad Rajeh Saifan
- Clinical Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohannad Eid AbuRuz
- Clinical Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan.
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Holas P, Wojtkowiak N, Gambin M, Hansen K, Kmita G, Pisula E, Bargiel-Matusiewicz K, Łojek E. Factors associated with burnout in Polish healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1018612. [PMID: 36684886 PMCID: PMC9845869 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1018612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has placed the healthcare system under substantial strain that has caused elevated psychological distress among healthcare workers (HCWs). Previous studies have found a high prevalence of burnout among HCWs exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic and have delineated some associated factors, but further research is needed. Little is known, for example, whether the economic status of HCWs or experiencing negative and positive emotions contribute to burnout. The present study was meant to fill this gap. Methods A total of 412 HCWs (i.e.: nurses - 47%, physicians-28%, psychologists-14%, and other healthcare professionals-11%), aged 21-69 years (M = 36.63; SD = 11.76) participated in a web-based cross-sectional study. Data was collected from June to November 2020. The participants filled out measures assessing two dimensions of burnout (Exhaustion and Disengagement), depression, generalized anxiety, positive and negative emotions, along with the survey evaluating organizational aspects of their work during the pandemic. Results Burnout thresholds were met by 54 and 66% of respondents for Disengagement and Exhaustion, respectively, which is high but comparable to levels found in other countries during the pandemic. Similarly to previous work, depression and anxiety were high in HCWs, with 24 % of them being in the risk group for clinical severity of depression and 34% in the risk group for a clinical generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Regression analysis showed that the intensity of negative emotions was the strongest predictor of Exhaustion, whereas the intensity of positive emotions was the strongest predictor of Disengagement. Depression and GAD symptoms were positively related to Exhaustion, and economic status was inversely related to Disengagement. Discussion These results suggest that distress in HCWs during the pandemic was related to symptoms of burnout, whereas higher income and experiencing positive emotions were associated with reduced burnout levels. Our findings call for the development of burnout intervention programs that could build capacities for dealing with depression and other negative emotions and at the same time teach skills on how to increase positive emotions in HCWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Holas
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Escher C, Nagy E, Creutzfeldt J, Dahl O, Ruiz M, Ericson M, Osika W, Meurling L. Fear of making a mistake: a prominent cause of stress for COVID-19 ICU staff-a mixed-methods study. BMJ Open Qual 2023; 12:e002009. [PMID: 36697055 PMCID: PMC9884924 DOI: 10.1136/bmjoq-2022-002009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound effect on many domains of healthcare. Even in high-income countries such as Sweden, the number of patients has vastly outnumbered the resources in affected areas, in particular during the first wave. Staff caring for patients with COVID-19 in intensive care units (ICUs) faced a very challenging situation that continued for months. This study aimed to describe burnout, safety climate and causes of stress among staff working in COVID-19 ICUs. METHOD A survey was distributed to all staff working in ICUs treating patients with COVID-19 in five Swedish hospitals during 2020 and 2021. The numbers of respondents were 104 and 603, respectively. Prepandemic data including 172 respondents from 2018 served as baseline. RESULTS Staff exhaustion increased during the pandemic, but disengagement decreased compared with prepandemic levels (p<0.001). Background factors such as profession and work experience had no significant impact, but women scored higher in exhaustion. Total workload and working during both the first and second waves correlated positively to exhaustion, as did being regular ICU staff compared with temporary staff. Teamwork and safety climate remained unchanged compared with prepandemic levels.Respondents reported 'making a mistake' as the most stressful of the predefined stressors. Qualitative analysis of open-ended questions identified 'lack of knowledge and large responsibility', 'workload and work environment', 'uncertainty', 'ethical stress' and 'organization and teamwork' as major causes of stress. CONCLUSION Despite large workloads, disengagement at work was low in our sample, even compared with prepandemic levels. High levels of exhaustion were reported by the ICU staff who carried the largest workload. Multiple significant causes of stress were identified, with fear of making a mistake the most significant stressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Escher
- Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Norrtälje Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Advanced Medical Simulation and Training (CAMST), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Nagy
- Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Advanced Medical Simulation and Training (CAMST), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Creutzfeldt
- Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Advanced Medical Simulation and Training (CAMST), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Oili Dahl
- Department of Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mini Ruiz
- Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Ericson
- Division of Ergonomics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Walter Osika
- Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lisbet Meurling
- Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Advanced Medical Simulation and Training (CAMST), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Dyer NL, Baldwin AL, Pharo R, Gray F. Evaluation of a Distance Reiki Program for Frontline Healthcare Workers' Health-Related Quality of Life During the COVID-19 Pandemic. GLOBAL ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE AND HEALTH 2023; 12:27536130231187368. [PMID: 37614464 PMCID: PMC10443426 DOI: 10.1177/27536130231187368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Background Reiki is a biofield therapy which is based on the explanatory model that the fields of energy and information of living systems can be influenced to promote relaxation and stimulate a healing response. Objective To conduct a pragmatic within-subject pilot trial of a remote Reiki program for frontline healthcare workers' health-related symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Healthcare professionals in the UK (eg, physicians, nurses, and paramedics) were eligible to sign up for a distance Reiki program and were also invited to participate in the research study. Eight Reiki practitioners simultaneously gave each participant Reiki remotely for 20 minutes on 4 consecutive days. Feasibility of the research was assessed, including recruitment, data completeness, acceptability and intervention fidelity, and preliminary evaluation of changes in outcome measures. Participants' stress, anxiety, pain, wellbeing, and sleep quality were evaluated with 7-point numerical rating scales. Measures were completed when signing up to receive Reiki (pre) and following the final Reiki session (post). Pre and post data were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed ranks tests. Results Seventy-nine healthcare professionals signed up to receive Reiki and took the baseline measures. Of those, 40 completed post-measures after the 4-day intervention and were therefore included in the pre-post analysis. Most participants were female (97.5%), and the mean age was 43.9 years old (standard deviations = 11.2). The study was feasible to conduct, with satisfactory recruitment, data completeness, acceptability, and fidelity. Wilcoxon signed ranks tests revealed statistically significant decreases in stress (M = -2.33; P < .001), anxiety (M = -2.79; P < .001) and pain (M = -.79; P < .001), and significant increases in wellbeing (M = -1.79; P < .001) and sleep quality (M = -1.33; P = .019). Conclusions The Reiki program was feasible and was associated with decreased stress, anxiety and pain, and increased wellbeing and sleep quality in frontline healthcare workers impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ann L. Baldwin
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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85
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Prakash AJ, Agarwal V, Kar SK, Dalal PK. The psychological impact of COVID-19 duty among resident doctors working in a COVID-hospital: A short-term follow-up study. Indian J Psychiatry 2023; 65:107-112. [PMID: 36874513 PMCID: PMC9983462 DOI: 10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_159_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a dearth of longitudinal research that measures the impact of the pandemic on the mental health of resident doctors. AIM This study aimed to estimate depression, anxiety, stress, burnout, and sleep disturbances (insomnia and nightmares) among resident doctors after COVID-19 duty. The study was a prospective longitudinal study among resident doctors posted in COVID-19 wards in a tertiary hospital in North India. METHODS The participants were assessed at two points of time, two months apart, on a semistructured questionnaire and self-rated scales for depression, anxiety, stress, insomnia, sleep quality, nightmare experience, and burnout. RESULTS A significant proportion of resident doctors working in a COVID hospital had symptoms of depression (29.6%), anxiety (28.6%), stress (18.1%), insomnia (22%), and burnout (32.4%), even after two months of being off COVID duty. It was seen that these psychological outcomes had a strong positive correlation with each other. Compromised sleep quality and burnout significantly predicted depression, anxiety, stress, and insomnia. CONCLUSION The current study has added to the psychiatric aspects of COVID-19 among resident doctors and the changes in these symptoms with time and highlights the need for targeted interventions to decrease these adverse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aathira J Prakash
- Department of Psychiatry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vivek Agarwal
- Department of Psychiatry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sujita Kumar Kar
- Department of Psychiatry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - P K Dalal
- Department of Psychiatry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Zheng Y, Tang PK, Lin G, Liu J, Hu H, Wu AMS, Ung COL. Burnout among healthcare providers: Its prevalence and association with anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic in Macao, China. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283239. [PMID: 36928867 PMCID: PMC10019613 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Burnout in healthcare providers (HPs) might lead to negative consequences at personal, patient-care and healthcare system levels especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of burnout and the contributing variables, and to explore how, from health workforce management perspective, HPs' experiences related to carrying out COVID-19 duties would be associated with their burnout. METHODS A cross-sectional, open online survey, informed by physical and psychological attributes reportedly related to burnout, the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), was completed by HPs in Macau, China during October and December 2021. Factors associated with burnout were analysed using multiple logistic regressions. RESULTS Among the 498 valid responses, the participants included doctors (37.5%), nurses (27.1%), medical laboratory technologist (11.4%) and pharmacy professionals (10.8%), with the majority being female (66.1%), aged between 25-44years (66.0%), and participated in the COVID-19 duties (82.9%). High levels of burnout (personal (60.4%), work-related (50.6%) and client-related (31.5%)), anxiety (60.6%), and depression (63.4%) were identified. Anxiety and depression remained significantly and positively associated with all types of burnout after controlling for the strong effects of demographic and work factors (e.g. working in the public sector or hospital, or having COVID-19 duties). HPs participated in COVID-19 duties were more vulnerable to burnout than their counterparts and were mostly dissatisfied with the accessibility of psychological support at workplace (62.6%), workforce distribution for COVID-19 duties (50.0%), ability to rest and recover (46.2%), and remuneration (44.7%), all of which were associated with the occurrence of burnout. CONCLUSIONS Personal, professional and health management factors were found attributable to the burnout experienced by HPs during the COVID-19 pandemic, requiring actions from individual and organizational level. Longitudinal studies are needed to monitor the trend of burnout and to inform effective strategies of this occupational phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Science, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Pou Kuan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Science, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Guohua Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Science, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Jiayu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Science, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Hao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Science, University of Macau, Macao, China
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | | | - Carolina Oi Lam Ung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Science, University of Macau, Macao, China
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, University of Macau, Macao, China
- * E-mail:
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Swed S, Bohsas H, Alibrahim H, Hafez W, Shoib S, Sawaf B, Rais MA, Aljabali A, Shaheen N, Elsayed M, Rakab A. Health-care provider burnout in Syria during COVID-19 pandemic's Omicron wave. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e32308. [PMID: 36550866 PMCID: PMC9771336 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Health-care workers (HCWs) have dealt with various psychological problems during the COVID-19 epidemic, including sadness, mental discomfort, anxiety, and poor sleep. Burnout is a state of prolonged work-related psychological, emotional, and physical stress brought on by emotional weariness, depersonalization, and decreased professional success. This study aimed to determine how many HCWs burned out during the Omicron wave of the COVID-19 pandemic and determine what factors put them at risk for this psychological effect. This cross-sectional research was performed in Syria during the current Omicron wave of the COVID-19 pandemic to evaluate the burnout experienced by Syrian physicians who treat COVID-19 patients. The inclusion criteria were all Syrian HCWs who treated COVID-19 patients during the current Omicron wave of COVID-19. The data was collected between April 3 and March 20, 2022. We investigated whether the questionnaire used was valid and understandable to the participants. A total of 729 health-care providers were inquired in our study; however, 30 participants were disqualified because their answers were not fully completed. The overall age of the participants was 31 ± 9, and the ratio of males to females was almost equal. The majority (47.5%) of the sample study's participants are residents, and 72.8% who cared for COVID-19 patients. The prevalence of high levels of burnout in the sample study was 41.6%. Compared to men (22.3%), women were much more likely (27.9%) to report experiencing a high degree of emotional exhaustion; also, the participants who cared for COVID-19 patients were much more likely (30.1%) to report experiencing a high degree of emotional exhaustion compared to others, which individuals who cared for COVID19 patients were 1.76 times more likely than participants who did not care for COVID19 patients to experience severe burnout (odds ratio: 1.766, 95% confidence interval:1.2-2.4, P value < .001). Our research found severe burnout among Syrian health-care providers during the omicron wave of COVID-19, with clinicians caring for COVID-19 patients being considerably more likely to express high burnout than others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarya Swed
- Faculty of Medicine Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria
- * Correspondence: Sarya Swed, Faculty of Medicine Aleppo University, Aleppo 22743, Syria (e-mail: )
| | | | | | - Wael Hafez
- NMC Royal Hospital, Khalifa City, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Medical Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, The National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shiekh Shoib
- JLNM Hospital, Rainawari, Srinagar, India
- Directorate of Health Services, J&K, India
| | - Bisher Sawaf
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Ahmed Aljabali
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Nour Shaheen
- Alexandria University, Alexandria Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Elsayed
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy III, University of Ulm, Leimgrubenweg, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Amine Rakab
- Assistant Professor of Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Qatar
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88
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Fu A, Zhao T, Gao X, Li X, Liu X, Liu J. Association of psychological symptoms with job burnout and occupational stress among coal miners in Xinjiang, China: A cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1049822. [PMID: 36582381 PMCID: PMC9792974 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1049822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The study aimed to investigate the influencing factors of psychological symptoms in relation to job burnout and occupational stress among coal miners in Xinjiang, so as to provide data support for enterprises in an effort to help them identify internal psychological risk factors and improve the mental health of coal miners. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out. A total of 12 coal mines were selected using the stratified cluster random sampling method and 4,109 coal miners were investigated by means of online electronic questionnaires. The Symptoms Check List-90 (SCL-90), Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory (CMBI), and Job Demand-Control (JDC) model were respectively used to measure the status of psychological symptoms, job burnout, and occupational stress among coal miners. The mediation analysis was performed through structural equation modeling (SEM) by using Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS). Results The prevalence of psychological symptoms was higher in the occupational stress group than in the non-occupational stress group, and increased with job burnout (P < 0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that mild (OR = 1.401, 95% CL: 1.165, 1.685), moderate (OR = 2.190, 95% CL: 1.795, 2.672), or severe levels of burnout (OR = 6.102, 95% CL: 3.481, 10.694) and occupational stress (OR = 1.462, 95% CL: 1.272, 1.679) were risk factors for psychological symptoms in coal miners. The results of structural equation modeling indicated that occupational stress (β = 0.11, P = 0.002) and job burnout (β = 0.46, P = 0.002) had significant positive direct effects on psychological symptoms, and job burnout was an intermediate variable between occupational stress and psychological symptoms. Conclusion High levels of job burnout and occupational stress were risk factors for psychological symptoms. Both occupational stress and job burnout had direct effects on psychological symptoms, and occupational stress could also have an indirect effect on coal miners' psychological symptoms through the intermediate variable of job burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailing Fu
- Department of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China,Department of Medical Record Management, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Department of Medical Record Management, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Xiaoyan Gao
- Department of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Xinze Li
- Department of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Jiwen Liu
- Department of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China,*Correspondence: Jiwen Liu
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89
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Shan W, Wang Z, Su MY. The impact of public responses toward healthcare workers on their work engagement and well-being during the Covid-19 pandemic. Front Psychol 2022; 13:949153. [PMID: 36532966 PMCID: PMC9752040 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.949153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/CONTEXT Healthcare workers (HCWs) play an important role in fighting against the COVID-19 pandemic. However, they have been exposed to mixed public responses more significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic, which have potentially affected their work and life. AIM We aim to study what public responses toward HCWs existed, how and why such public responses impacted HCW's work engagement and well-being, and how Human Resource (HR) professionals navigate these impacts. These understandings are important for improving HCWs' work and life quality. METHODS We adopted a mixed approach including both quantitative and qualitative methods to investigate how the public responses impact HCWs' work engagement and well-being and how human resource management (HRM) shall intervene. Our quantitative study enables us to collect and analyze a large amount of public responses toward HCWs from the social media platform during the COVID-19 pandemic globally, and uncover the sentiments and topics of these pubic responses via big data and AI technologies. Our qualitative study allows us to understand how and why these public responses impact HCWs' work engagement and well-being via interviews and further identify how HR professionals shall navigate these impacts. RESULTS The sentiment analysis showed that 55.9% of the discussions toward HCWs were positive, 27.2% were neutral, and 16.9% were negative. The topic modeling analysis indicated that the commonly identified topics were related to fear (the negative responses) and gratitude (the positive responses). The interviews with 18 HCWs revealed that HCWs' work engagement and well-being were decreased by negative public responses through experiencing tension or disappointment due to social and physical ostracism, rejection, discrimination, and criticism. On the other hand, positive public responses in terms of encouragement, recognition, and tangible donations increased their work engagement and well-being. The analysis also suggested that occupational calling served as a mechanism that explained why public responses had such impacts on HCWs. The interview results also highlighted the significance of HRM in bridging positive public responses toward HCWs and revealed problems with communication from HRM during the pandemic. This research provides practical implications about how to improve HCWs work engagement and well-being during the pandemic via public and HRM efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Shan
- Human Resource Management, S R Nathan School of Human Development, Singapore University of Social Science, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhengkui Wang
- InfoComm Technology Cluster, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Millie Yun Su
- Human Resource Management, S R Nathan School of Human Development, Singapore University of Social Science, Singapore, Singapore
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90
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Mantaring MAS, Bello MSAP, Agulto TJM, Romualdez CMIR, Guevara AMIC, Lizarondo NRM, Rigor MTO, Barcarlos IDV. Behavioral design interventions for the promotion of wellbeing among Filipino healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. WESTERN PACIFIC 2022; 29:100627. [PMID: 36313939 PMCID: PMC9595418 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2022.100627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Frontline healthcare workers (HCWs) in hospitals have been among the most vulnerable members of the population since the COVID-19 pandemic, affecting not only physical but also mental health. Complementary approaches to providing information for HCWs on taking care of their mental health need development and scaling-up. Behaviorally designed interventions take into consideration the context, resistance, and impact in facilitating behavior change in a specific target segment towards an intended aspiration. The behaviorally designed interventions sought to build individual resilience aligned with the Mental Health and Psychosocial Support Services framework. These included strengthening the provision of non-specialized services and community support among the range of interventions that address mental health problems. These benefit the vulnerable sectors of the population who are at most risk of experiencing chronic stress. Scaling-up of low-cost and subtle tools is a worthy investment for government institutions to ensure that HCWs are continuously supported so they can continue to provide adequate and quality care to those afflicted by COVID-19.
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91
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Rashid F, Erfan Uddin RAM, Mehedi HMH, Dhar S, Bhuiyan NH, Sattar MA, Chowdhury S. Burnout syndrome among frontline doctors of secondary and tertiary care hospitals of Bangladesh during COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277875. [PMID: 36413560 PMCID: PMC9681110 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers had a high workload and were exposed to multiple psychosocial stressors. However, a knowledge gap exists about the levels of burnout among Bangladeshi frontline doctors during this COVID-19 pandemic. The study investigated burnout syndrome (BOS) among frontline doctors in two public secondary and tertiary care hospitals in Chattogram, Bangladesh. MATERIALS & METHODS This cross-sectional study involved frontline doctors working at two hospitals treating COVID-19 and non-COVID patients from June to August 2020. A self-administered questionnaire that included Maslach Burnout Inventory for Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) was used to capture demographic and workplace environment information. ANOVA and t-test were used to determine the statistical differences in the mean values of the three dimensions of MBI-HSS. Scores for three domains of burnout: emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and personal accomplishment (PA) were calculated. Post-hoc analysis was done to identify the significant pair-wise differences when the ANOVA test result was significant. Multiple logistic regression was performed to determine the influence of factors associated with BOS. RESULTS A total of 185 frontline doctors were invited to participate by convenience sampling, and 168 responded. The response rate was 90.81%. The overall prevalence of BOS was 55.4% (93/168) (95% CI: 47.5% to 63.0%). Moderate to high levels of EE was found in 95.8% of the participants. High DP and reduced PA were observed in 98.2% and 97% of participants. Younger age (25-29 years), being female, and working as a medical officer were independently associated with high levels of burnout in all three domains. EE was significantly higher in females (P = 0.011). DP was significantly higher in medical officers, those at earlier job periods, and those working more than 8 hours per day. CONCLUSION During the COVID-19 outbreak, BOS was common among Bangladeshi frontline doctors. Females, medical officers, and younger doctors tended to be more susceptible to BOS. Less BOS was experienced when working in the non-COVID ward than in the mixed ward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahmida Rashid
- Chittagong Medical College, Chattogram, Bangladesh
- * E-mail:
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92
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Otuonye GC, Shenoi N, Wu TD, Guntupalli K, Moukaddam N. " I have nothing more to give": Disparities in burnout and the protective role of immigrant status during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health 2022; 10:994443. [PMID: 36466537 PMCID: PMC9710614 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.994443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Burnout is an epidemic, with deleterious effects on individuals, patient care, and healthcare systems. The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may be exacerbating this problem. We aimed to explore socio-cultural and gender norms that modulate burnout development in physicians during the pandemic and analyze any disparities associated with gender, marital and immigration status and work-life balance. We conducted an online cross-sectional survey of physicians (August-November, 2021): The Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) was used to measure burnout, combined with a validated survey assessing work-life balance. Demographic data was obtained for each participant. MBI-HSS subscales were measured, along with work and home related changes due to COVID-19. The association between life changes due to COVID-19 and odds of burnout was estimated by logistic regression. Complementary analysis was performed to determine factors most associated with burnout. 352 respondents were analyzed. There was a high prevalence of burnout. Over half of individuals reported a high degree of emotional exhaustion (EE) (56%). 83% of individuals reported at least one life factor changed due to COVID-19. Home-related life changes due to COVID-19 were associated with 143% higher odds of emotional burnout [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.43; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.49, 3.98] after covariate adjusted analysis. High EE was most evident when there were three or more life changes, suggesting a cumulative effect. First-generation immigrants, older physicians, and trainees were identified as protective factors. Although female gender was identified as a factor related to EE through forward selection, this was not statistically significant (aOR 1.34; 95% CI 0.80, 2.24). Burnout remains pervasive among physicians. We highlight new risk factors for EE (home-life changes due to COVID-19), and protective factors (first-generation immigrants) not previously explored. Understanding burnout and its disparities allows for improved mitigation strategies, decreasing its deleterious effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gene Chibuchim Otuonye
- Department of Critical Care, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States,*Correspondence: Gene Chibuchim Otuonye
| | - Nancy Shenoi
- Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Tianshi David Wu
- Department of Critical Care, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - Nidal Moukaddam
- Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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93
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Postpandemic Stress Disorder among Health Care Personnel: A Cross-Sectional Study (Silesia, Poland). Behav Neurol 2022; 2022:1816537. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/1816537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Postpandemic stress disorder (PPSD) is an unofficial term that refers to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a mental disorder resulting from increased stress, anxiety, and trauma associated with unpleasant life experiences. Many scientific studies indicate that symptoms of increased stress, job burnout, anxiety, and depressive disorders are associated with medical personnel performing their professional duties around COVID-19 patients. Objective. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of symptoms that may indicate the presence of PPSD symptoms—depression, anxiety, and stress—in medical personnel. Material and Methods. The survey included 300 people, representatives of medical personnel. The group was divided into two sections. The first section numbered 150 and consisted of personnel in direct contact with COVID-19 patients (FR); the second group also consisted of 150 medical professionals, who but no longer directly involved in helping with COVID-19 cases (SR). The survey was conducted by indirect survey method using CAWI (computer-assisted web interview). The survey used a questionnaire technique. A proprietary tool enriched with standardized psychometric scales: BDI, GAD-7, FCV-19S, and PSS-10 was used. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann–Whitney
statistical tests were used in the statistical processing of the data. The probability level was 0.05. Results. Statistical inference made it clear that mental health problems that may indicate trauma are mainly present in the FR group. These symptoms decreased slightly in comparison between periods 2020 and 2021 (
). Conclusions. The COVID-19 pandemic significantly increased the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among first responders. To ensure the psychological well-being of first responders, early assessment and care of mild depression, anxiety, and stress should be promoted to prevent the development of moderate and severe forms.
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94
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Cross-cultural differences and similarities in nurses’ experiences during the early stages of COVID-19 in Korea and the United States: A qualitative descriptive study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NURSING STUDIES ADVANCES 2022; 4:100107. [PMID: 36406895 PMCID: PMC9652100 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnsa.2022.100107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background At the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, governmental responses varied worldwide, which resulted in healthcare professionals and organizations having different experiences. As threats of global infectious disease and disasters increase, it is important to examine the collective experiences of nurses to leverage support across international settings and systems and to tailor specific policies to their local nursing workforce. Objective To compare and contrast nurses' experiences working in hospitals at the onset of COVID-19 in South Korea and the United States Method This was a qualitative descriptive study. Nurses in South Korea and the United States were recruited through social media using snowball sampling between April and May 2020. Semi-structured telephone interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and translated as needed. The transcripts were analyzed thematically, and each theme was compared and synthesized using NVivo 12. Results A total of 43 nurses from South Korea (n = 21) and the United States (n = 22) participated in the study. The majority of the participants were female and working as staff nurses in both countries. The work settings were similar between the participants from two countries. However, the participants in South Korea provided less direct care to patients with COVID-19 compared to the participants in the United States. Despite cultural and infrastructure differences, the nurses shared similar experiences. Conclusion The overlapping similarities of nurses’ experience highlight the need for national and global policies for a safe work environment and psychological well-being. The differences between the two countries also emphasize that specific policies and practice implications for the local contexts are needed in addition to global policies.
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95
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Powell T, Scott J, Yuma P, Hsiao Y. Surviving the storm: A pragmatic non-randomised examination of a brief intervention for disaster-affected health and social care providers. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2022; 30:e6217-e6227. [PMID: 36196872 PMCID: PMC10092715 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.14059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Disasters affect the well-being of individuals, families and communities. Health and social care providers are essential in response and recovery efforts and are among the most vulnerable to negative physical and mental health impacts of a disaster. Few evidence-based interventions are available to address the psychological needs of providers. The aim of this study was to examine the psychological distress of health and social care providers before and after participating in the brief group intervention, Resilience and Coping for the Healthcare Community (RCHC) and its expanded version, RCHC+. We conducted a pragmatic non-randomised cluster trial with 762 health and social care providers in south Texas and Puerto Rico post-Hurricanes Harvey and Maria. Participants completed surveys assessing post-traumatic stress (PTSD), anxiety, burnout and secondary traumatic stress (STS) prior to intervention delivery and at two time points post-intervention. We calculated the frequency of symptom cut-off scores at baseline, then estimated multilevel ordinal models to examine changes in symptoms across time. Prior to participation in the RCHC (approximately 12 months after the hurricanes), providers reported high levels of PTSD, anxiety and STS symptoms. After participation, providers in both intervention conditions reported a significant reduction in PTSD symptoms from baseline that was sustained over both time points. The likelihood of a reduction in symptoms of anxiety and STS from baseline was sustained at both time points for participants in the RCHC+ condition. These findings indicate that both the RCHC and RCHC+ interventions may reduce psychological distress for health and social care providers and could be an important part of advance planning to support provider's mental health during and after a disaster. Further examination of the RCHC in other disaster contexts could provide additional insight into the responsiveness of the intervention to reducing psychological distress symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Powell
- University of Illinois School of Social WorkUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Jennifer Scott
- Louisiana State University, School of Social WorkBaton RougeLouisianaUSA
| | - Paula Yuma
- Colorado State University, School of Social WorkFort CollinsColoradoUSA
| | - Yuan Hsiao
- Department of CommunicationUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
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Lazarus JV, Romero D, Kopka CJ, Karim SA, Abu-Raddad LJ, Almeida G, Baptista-Leite R, Barocas JA, Barreto ML, Bar-Yam Y, Bassat Q, Batista C, Bazilian M, Chiou ST, Del Rio C, Dore GJ, Gao GF, Gostin LO, Hellard M, Jimenez JL, Kang G, Lee N, Matičič M, McKee M, Nsanzimana S, Oliu-Barton M, Pradelski B, Pyzik O, Rabin K, Raina S, Rashid SF, Rathe M, Saenz R, Singh S, Trock-Hempler M, Villapol S, Yap P, Binagwaho A, Kamarulzaman A, El-Mohandes A. A multinational Delphi consensus to end the COVID-19 public health threat. Nature 2022; 611:332-345. [PMID: 36329272 PMCID: PMC9646517 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05398-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Despite notable scientific and medical advances, broader political, socioeconomic and behavioural factors continue to undercut the response to the COVID-19 pandemic1,2. Here we convened, as part of this Delphi study, a diverse, multidisciplinary panel of 386 academic, health, non-governmental organization, government and other experts in COVID-19 response from 112 countries and territories to recommend specific actions to end this persistent global threat to public health. The panel developed a set of 41 consensus statements and 57 recommendations to governments, health systems, industry and other key stakeholders across six domains: communication; health systems; vaccination; prevention; treatment and care; and inequities. In the wake of nearly three years of fragmented global and national responses, it is instructive to note that three of the highest-ranked recommendations call for the adoption of whole-of-society and whole-of-government approaches1, while maintaining proven prevention measures using a vaccines-plus approach2 that employs a range of public health and financial support measures to complement vaccination. Other recommendations with at least 99% combined agreement advise governments and other stakeholders to improve communication, rebuild public trust and engage communities3 in the management of pandemic responses. The findings of the study, which have been further endorsed by 184 organizations globally, include points of unanimous agreement, as well as six recommendations with >5% disagreement, that provide health and social policy actions to address inadequacies in the pandemic response and help to bring this public health threat to an end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey V Lazarus
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain.
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy (CUNY SPH), New York City, NY, USA.
| | - Diana Romero
- City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy (CUNY SPH), New York City, NY, USA
| | | | - Salim Abdool Karim
- University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Centre for the AIDS Program of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa
| | - Laith J Abu-Raddad
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Cornell University, Qatar Foundation-Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Ricardo Baptista-Leite
- UNITE Global Parliamentarians Network, Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Institute of Health Sciences (CIIS), Catholic University of Portugal, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Mauricio L Barreto
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Yaneer Bar-Yam
- New England Complex Systems Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Quique Bassat
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Manhiça Health Research Center (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
- Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Pediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Consortium in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Batista
- Doctors Without Borders (MSF), Geneva, Switzerland
- Baraka Impact Finance, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Shu-Ti Chiou
- National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Gregory J Dore
- University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - George F Gao
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Lawrence O Gostin
- The O'Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Jose L Jimenez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | | | - Mojca Matičič
- Clinic for Infectious Diseases and Febrile Illnesses, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Martin McKee
- The London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | | | | | - Bary Pradelski
- French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), Grenoble, France
| | | | - Kenneth Rabin
- City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy (CUNY SPH), New York City, NY, USA
| | - Sunil Raina
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sabina Faiz Rashid
- James P. Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Rocio Saenz
- University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Sudhvir Singh
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Sonia Villapol
- Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Peiling Yap
- International Digital Health & AI Research Collaborative (I-DAIR), Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Ayman El-Mohandes
- City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy (CUNY SPH), New York City, NY, USA
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Gorini A, Giuliani M, Fiabane E, Bonomi A, Gabanelli P, Pierobon A, Moretta P, Pagliarulo G, Spaccavento S, Vaudo G, Pirro M, Mannarino MR, Milani L, Caruso MP, Baiardi P, Dalla Vecchia LA, La Rovere MT, Pistarini C, Baldassarre D. Prevalence of Psychopathological Symptoms and Their Determinants in Four Healthcare Workers' Categories during the Second Year of COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13712. [PMID: 36294291 PMCID: PMC9602535 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Highly stressful situations, such as the current COVID-19 pandemic, induce constant changes in the mental state of people who experience them. In the present study, we analyzed the prevalence of some psychological symptoms and their determinants in four different categories of healthcare workers during the second year of the pandemic. A total of 265 physicians, 176 nurses, 184 other healthcare professionals, and 48 administrative employees, working in different Italian healthcare contexts, answered a questionnaire including variables about their mental status and experience with the pandemic. The mean scores for anxiety and depressive symptoms measured more than one year after the onset of the pandemic did not reach the pathological threshold. In contrast, post-traumatic and burnout symptoms tended toward the critical threshold, especially in physicians. The main determinant of psychological distress was perceived stress, followed by job satisfaction, the impact of COVID-19 on daily work, and a lack of recreational activities. These results increase the knowledge of which determinants of mental distress would be important to act on when particularly stressful conditions exist in the workplace that persist over time. If well-implemented, specific interventions focused on these determinants could lead to an improvement in employee well-being and in the quality of care provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Gorini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Milano-Camaldoli, 64, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Elena Fiabane
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, 16167 Genoa, Italy
| | - Alice Bonomi
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Gabanelli
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Psychology Unit of Pavia Institute, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonia Pierobon
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Psychology Unit of Montescano Institute, 27040 Montescano, Italy
| | - Pasquale Moretta
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Neurological Rehabilitation Unit of Teleselezioni Terme Institute, 82037 Telese Terme, Italy
| | - Giovanna Pagliarulo
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Neurological Rehabilitation Unit of Teleselezioni Terme Institute, 82037 Telese Terme, Italy
| | - Simona Spaccavento
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Psychology Unit of Bari Institute, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Gaetano Vaudo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
- Unit of Internal Medicine, “Santa Maria” Terni University Hospital, 05100 Terni, Italy
| | - Matteo Pirro
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Massimo R. Mannarino
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | | | | | - Paola Baiardi
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Direzione Scientifica Centrale of Pavia Institute, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Maria Teresa La Rovere
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Department of Cardiology of Montescano Institute, 27040 Montescano, Italy
| | - Caterina Pistarini
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Department of Neurorehabilitation of Pavia Institute, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Damiano Baldassarre
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
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98
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Perlini C, Garzon S, Franchi M, Donisi V, Rimondini M, Bosco M, Uccella S, Cromi A, Ghezzi F, Ginami M, Sartori E, Ciccarone F, Scambia G, Del Piccolo L, Raffaelli R. Risk perception and affective state on work exhaustion in obstetrics during the COVID-19 pandemic. Open Med (Wars) 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/med-2022-0571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
A multicenter cross-sectional survey study involving four Italian University Hospitals was performed to test the hypothesis that negative affect and positive affect (affective dimensions) mediate the association between risk perception (perceived risk of infection and death; cognitive dimensions) and the feeling of work exhaustion (WE) among obstetrics healthcare providers (HCPs) during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Totally, 570 obstetrics HCPs were invited to complete the 104-item IPSICO survey in May 2020. A theoretical model built on the tested hypothesis was investigated by structural equation modelling. The model explained 32.2% of the WE variance. Only negative affect mediated the association between cognitive dimensions and WE and also the association between WE and psychological well-being before the pandemic, experiences of stressful events, female gender, and dysfunctional coping. Non-mediated associations with WE were observed for work perceived as a duty, experience of stressful events, support received by colleagues, and the shift strategy. Only previous psychological well-being, support by colleagues, and shift strategies were inversely associated with WE. Based on study results, monitoring negative than positive affect appears superior in predicting WE, with practical implications for planning psychological interventions in HCPs at the individual, interpersonal, and organizational levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Perlini
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona , Verona , Italy
| | - Simone Garzon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, AOUI Verona, University of Verona , Piazzale A. Stefani 1, 37126 , Verona , Italy
| | - Massimo Franchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, AOUI Verona, University of Verona , Piazzale A. Stefani 1, 37126 , Verona , Italy
| | - Valeria Donisi
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona , Verona , Italy
| | - Michela Rimondini
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona , Verona , Italy
| | - Mariachiara Bosco
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, AOUI Verona, University of Verona , Piazzale A. Stefani 1, 37126 , Verona , Italy
| | - Stefano Uccella
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, AOUI Verona, University of Verona , Piazzale A. Stefani 1, 37126 , Verona , Italy
| | - Antonella Cromi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Filippo Del Ponte” Hospital, University of Insubria , Varese , Italy
| | - Fabio Ghezzi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Filippo Del Ponte” Hospital, University of Insubria , Varese , Italy
| | - Maddalena Ginami
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Brescia , Brescia , Italy
| | - Enrico Sartori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Brescia , Brescia , Italy
| | - Francesca Ciccarone
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
| | - Lidia Del Piccolo
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona , Verona , Italy
| | - Ricciarda Raffaelli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, AOUI Verona, University of Verona , Piazzale A. Stefani 1, 37126 , Verona , Italy
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99
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Marra DEC, Simons MU, Schwartz ES, Marston EA, Hoelzle JB. Burnt Out: Rate of Burnout in Neuropsychology Survey Respondents During the COVID-19 Pandemic, Brief Communication. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2022; 38:258-263. [PMID: 36241192 PMCID: PMC9619778 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acac081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, burnout among healthcare workers has significantly increased. This study evaluated rates of burnout in neuropsychologists one year into the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD A survey invitation was sent across five neuropsychology-related listservs in April 2021. Burnout was assessed with the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI; Kristensen, T. S., Borritz, M., Villadsen, E., & Christensen, K. B. (2005). The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory: A new tool for the assessment of burnout. Work & Stress, 19 (3), 192-207) and differences in Personal, Work, and Client burnout scores were evaluated across patient population and work setting. RESULTS 57.3% and 51.5% of respondents (N = 130) endorsed moderate-to-high levels of personal and work-related burnout, respectively. In the Personal domain, respondents working with pediatric patients had higher mean scores and a higher proportion of respondents endorsed moderate-to-high levels of burnout. CONCLUSION More than half of the survey respondents endorsed elevated levels of personal and work-related burnout. This is concerning as burnout is associated with personal challenges and diminished patient care. Potential organizational interventions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E C Marra
- Corresponding author at: Jamaica Plain VA Medical Center, 150 S. Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 0213, USA. Tel: (857) 364-2081; Fax: (857) 364-3162; E-mail address: (D.E.C. Marra)
| | - Mary U Simons
- Department of Psychology, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Eben S Schwartz
- Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - James B Hoelzle
- Department of Psychology, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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100
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Scales SE, Patrick E, Stone KW, Kintziger KW, Jagger MA, Horney JA. Lessons Learned From the Public Health Workforce's Experiences With the COVID-19 Response. Health Secur 2022; 20:387-393. [PMID: 36201262 DOI: 10.1089/hs.2022.0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Limited research is available on the COVID-19 response experiences of local, state, and federal public health workers in the United States. Although the response to COVID-19 is still presenting challenges to the public health workforce, public health systems must also begin to consider lessons learned that can be applied to future disasters. During July and August 2021, a random sample of participants from a cross-sectional study of the public health workforce was invited to participate in interviews to obtain information on the current state of public health operations, the ongoing response to the COVID-19 crisis, and takeaways for improving future preparedness and response planning. Interviews were transcribed and inductively coded to identify themes. Twenty-four initial interview invitations were sent, and random substitutions were made until thematic saturation was reached when 17 interviews were completed. Four thematic categories were identified, including challenges related to (1) ongoing lack of political support or policy guidance; (2) fluctuations in, and uncertainty about, future funding and associated requirements; (3) job expectations, including remote work and data-sharing capabilities; and (4) the mental health toll of sustained response and related burnout. As the public health response to the COVID-19 pandemic continues in its third year, it is crucial to identify lessons learned that can inform future investment in order to sustain a public health workforce and a public health preparedness and response system that is resilient to future disasters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Scales
- Sarah E. Scales, MPH, is a Doctoral Student, Epidemiology Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
| | - Elizabeth Patrick
- Elizabeth Patrick is an Undergraduate Research Assistant, Behavioral Health and Nutrition Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
| | - Kahler W Stone
- Kahler W. Stone, DrPH, MPH, is an Assistant Professor, Department of Health and Human Performance, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN
| | - Kristina W Kintziger
- Kristina W. Kintziger, PhD, MPH, is an Assistant Professor, Department of Public Health, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN
| | | | - Jennifer A Horney
- Jennifer A. Horney, PhD, MPH, is a Professor, Epidemiology Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
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