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Vasquez-Rios G, De Cos M, Campbell KN. Novel Therapies in APOL1-Mediated Kidney Disease: From Molecular Pathways to Therapeutic Options. Kidney Int Rep 2023; 8:2226-2234. [PMID: 38025220 PMCID: PMC10658239 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2023.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) high-risk variants confer an increased risk for the development and progression of kidney disease among individuals of recent African ancestry. Over the past several years, significant progress has been made in understanding the pathogenesis of APOL1-mediated kidney diseases (AMKD), including genetic regulation, environmental interactions, immunomodulatory, proinflammatory and apoptotic signaling processes, as well as the complex role of APOL1 as an ion channel. Collectively, these findings have paved the way for novel therapeutic strategies to mitigate APOL1-mediated kidney injury. Precision medicine approaches are being developed to identify subgroups of AMKD patients who may benefit from these targeted interventions, fueling hope for improved clinical outcomes. This review summarizes key mechanistic insights in the pathogenesis of AMKD, emergent therapies, and discusses future challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Vasquez-Rios
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Marina De Cos
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kirk N. Campbell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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Jiang S, Su H. Cellular crosstalk of mesangial cells and tubular epithelial cells in diabetic kidney disease. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:288. [PMID: 37845726 PMCID: PMC10577991 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01323-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a major cause of end-stage renal disease and imposes a heavy global economic burden; however, little is known about its complicated pathophysiology. Investigating the cellular crosstalk involved in DKD is a promising avenue for gaining a better understanding of its pathogenesis. Nonetheless, the cellular crosstalk of podocytes and endothelial cells in DKD is better understood than that of mesangial cells (MCs) and renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs). As the significance of MCs and TECs in DKD pathophysiology has recently become more apparent, we reviewed the existing literature on the cellular crosstalk of MCs and TECs in the context of DKD to acquire a comprehensive understanding of their cellular communication. Insights into the complicated mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of DKD would improve its early detection, care, and prognosis. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Hua Su
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Yang J, Li L, Li C, Chen W, Liu Y, Luo S, Zhao C, Han Y, Yang M, Zhao H, Jiang N, Xi Y, Tang C, Cai J, Xiao L, Liu H, Sun L. PACS-2 deficiency aggravates tubular injury in diabetic kidney disease by inhibiting ER-phagy. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:649. [PMID: 37794057 PMCID: PMC10550977 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06175-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy of endoplasmic reticulum (ER-phagy) selectively removes damaged ER through autophagy-lysosome pathway, acting as an adaptive mechanism to alleviate ER stress and restore ER homeostasis. However, the role and precise mechanism of ER-phagy in tubular injury of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remain obscure. In the present study, we demonstrated that ER-phagy of renal tubular cells was severely impaired in streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice, with a decreased expression of phosphofurin acidic cluster sorting protein 2 (PACS-2), a membrane trafficking protein which was involved in autophagy, and a reduction of family with sequence similarity 134 member B (FAM134B), one ER-phagy receptor. These changes were further aggravated in mice with proximal tubule specific knockout of Pacs-2 gene. In vitro, transfection of HK-2 cells with PACS-2 overexpression plasmid partially improved the impairment of ER-phagy and the reduction of FAM134B, both of which were induced in high glucose ambience; while the effect was blocked by FAM134B siRNA. Mechanistically, PACS-2 interacted with and promoted the nuclear translocation of transcription factor EB (TFEB), which was reported to activate the expression of FAM134B. Collectively, these data unveiled that PACS-2 deficiency aggravates renal tubular injury in DKD via inhibiting ER-phagy through TFEB/FAM134B pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfei Yang
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chenrui Li
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shilu Luo
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chanyue Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yachun Han
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hao Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Na Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yiyun Xi
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chengyuan Tang
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Juan Cai
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huafeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Nordbø OP, Landolt L, Eikrem Ø, Scherer A, Leh S, Furriol J, Apeland T, Mydel P, Marti H. Transcriptomic analysis reveals partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition and inflammation as common pathogenic mechanisms in hypertensive nephrosclerosis and Type 2 diabetic nephropathy. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15825. [PMID: 37813528 PMCID: PMC10562137 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertensive nephrosclerosis (HN) and Type 2 diabetic nephropathy (T2DN) are the leading causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD). To explore shared pathogenetic mechanisms, we analyzed transcriptomes of kidney biopsies from patients with HN or T2DN. Total RNA was extracted from 10 μm whole kidney sections from patients with HN, T2DN, and normal controls (Ctrl) (n = 6 for each group) and processed for RNA sequencing. Differentially expressed (log2 fold change >1, adjusted p < 0.05) genes (DEG) and molecular pathways were analyzed, and selected results were validated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). ELISA on serum samples was performed on a related cohort consisting of patients with biopsy-proven HN (n = 13) and DN (n = 9), and a normal control group (n = 14). Cluster analysis on RNA sequencing data separated diseased and normal tissues. RNA sequencing revealed that 88% (341 out of 384) of DEG in HN were also altered in T2DN, while gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed that over 90% of affected molecular pathways, including those related to inflammation, immune response, and cell-cycle regulation, were similarly impacted in both HN and T2DN samples. The increased expression of genes tied to interleukin signaling and lymphocyte activation was more pronounced in HN, while genes associated with extracellular matrix organization were more evident in T2DN. Both HN and T2DN tissues exhibited significant upregulation of genes connected with inflammatory responses, T-cell activity, and partial epithelial to mesenchymal transition (p-EMT). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) further confirmed T-cell (CD4+ and CD8+ ) infiltration in the diseased tissues. Additionally, IHC revealed heightened AXL protein expression, a key regulator of inflammation and p-EMT, in both HN and T2DN, while serum analysis indicated elevated soluble AXL levels in patients with both conditions. These findings underline the shared molecular mechanisms between HN and T2DN, hinting at the potential for common therapeutic strategies targeting both diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole Petter Nordbø
- Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Department of Medicine, Haugesund HospitalHelse FonnaHaugesundNorway
| | - Lea Landolt
- Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Department of MedicineHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
| | - Øystein Eikrem
- Department of Clinical ScienceUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
| | | | - Sabine Leh
- Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Department of PathologyHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
| | - Jessica Furriol
- Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
| | | | - Piotr Mydel
- Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Department of MedicineHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
| | - Hans‐Peter Marti
- Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Department of MedicineHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
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Boi R, Ebefors K, Nyström J. The role of the mesangium in glomerular function. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2023; 239:e14045. [PMID: 37658606 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
When discussing glomerular function, one cell type is often left out, the mesangial cell (MC), probably since it is not a part of the filtration barrier per se. The MCs are instead found between the glomerular capillaries, embedded in their mesangial matrix. They are in direct contact with the endothelial cells and in close contact with the podocytes and together they form the glomerulus. The MCs can produce and react to a multitude of growth factors, cytokines, and other signaling molecules and are in the perfect position to be a central hub for crosstalk communication between the cells in the glomerulus. In certain glomerular diseases, for example, in diabetic kidney disease or IgA nephropathy, the MCs become activated resulting in mesangial expansion. The expansion is normally due to matrix expansion in combination with either proliferation or hypertrophy. With time, this expansion can lead to fibrosis and decreased glomerular function. In addition, signs of complement activation are often seen in biopsies from patients with glomerular disease affecting the mesangium. This review aims to give a better understanding of the MCs in health and disease and their role in glomerular crosstalk and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Boi
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kerstin Ebefors
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jenny Nyström
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Mitrofanova A, Merscher S, Fornoni A. Kidney lipid dysmetabolism and lipid droplet accumulation in chronic kidney disease. Nat Rev Nephrol 2023; 19:629-645. [PMID: 37500941 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-023-00741-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health problem with rising incidence and prevalence. Among several pathogenetic mechanisms responsible for disease progression, lipid accumulation in the kidney parenchyma might drive inflammation and fibrosis, as has been described in fatty liver diseases. Lipids and their metabolites have several important structural and functional roles, as they are constituents of cell and organelle membranes, serve as signalling molecules and are used for energy production. However, although lipids can be stored in lipid droplets to maintain lipid homeostasis, lipid accumulation can become pathogenic. Understanding the mechanisms linking kidney parenchymal lipid accumulation to CKD of metabolic or non-metabolic origin is challenging, owing to the tremendous variety of lipid species and their functional diversity across different parenchymal cells. Nonetheless, multiple research reports have begun to emphasize the effect of dysregulated kidney lipid metabolism in CKD progression. For example, altered cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism contribute to glomerular and tubular cell injury. Newly developed lipid-targeting agents are being tested in clinical trials in CKD, raising expectations for further therapeutic development in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alla Mitrofanova
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Sandra Merscher
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Alessia Fornoni
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
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57
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Yu JT, Fan S, Li XY, Hou R, Hu XW, Wang JN, Shan RR, Dong ZH, Xie MM, Dong YH, Shen XY, Jin J, Wen JG, Liu MM, Wang W, Meng XM. Novel insights into STAT3 in renal diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115166. [PMID: 37473682 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a cell-signal transcription factor that has attracted considerable attention in recent years. The stimulation of cytokines and growth factors can result in the transcription of a wide range of genes that are crucial for several cellular biological processes involved in pro- and anti-inflammatory responses. STAT3 has attracted considerable interest as a result of a recent upsurge in study because of their role in directing the innate immune response and sustaining inflammatory pathways, which is a key feature in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including renal disorders. Several pathological conditions which may involve STAT3 include diabetic nephropathy, acute kidney injury, lupus nephritis, polycystic kidney disease, and renal cell carcinoma. STAT3 is expressed in various renal tissues under these pathological conditions. To better understand the role of STAT3 in the kidney and provide a theoretical foundation for STAT3-targeted therapy for renal disorders, this review covers the current work on the activities of STAT3 and its mechanisms in the pathophysiological processes of various types of renal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Tao Yu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Shuai Fan
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032 China; Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032 China
| | - Xiang-Yu Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Rui Hou
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Hu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei 230051, China
| | - Jia-Nan Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Run-Run Shan
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ze-Hui Dong
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Man-Man Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yu-Hang Dong
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Shen
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Juan Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jia-Gen Wen
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ming-Ming Liu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032 China; Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032 China.
| | - Xiao-Ming Meng
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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Hojjati F, Roointan A, Gholaminejad A, Eshraghi Y, Gheisari Y. Identification of key genes and biological regulatory mechanisms in diabetic nephropathy: Meta-analysis of gene expression datasets. Nefrologia 2023; 43:575-586. [PMID: 36681521 DOI: 10.1016/j.nefroe.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) which refers to the cases with biopsy proven kidney lesions, is one of the main complications of diabetes all around the world; however, the underlying biological changes causing DN remain to be understood. Studying the alterations in gene expression profiles could give a holistic view of the molecular pathogenicity of DN and aid to discover key molecules as potential therapeutic targets. Here, we performed a meta-analysis study that included microarray gene expression profiles coming from glomerular samples of DN patients in order to acquire a list of consensus Differentially Expressed Genes (meta-DEGs) correlated with DN. METHODS After quality control and normalization steps, five gene expression datasets (GES1009, GSE30528, GSE47183, GSE104948, and GSE93804) were entered into the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis was performed by random effect size method and the meta-DEGs were put through network analysis and different pathway enrichment analyses steps. MiRTarBase and TRRUST databases were utilized to predict the meta-DEGs related miRNAs and transcription factors. A co-regulatory network including DEGs, transcription factors and miRNAs was constructed by Cytoscape, and top molecules were identified based on centrality scores in the network. RESULTS The identified meta-DEGs were 1364 DEGs including 665 downregulated and 669 upregulated DEGs. The results of pathway enrichment analysis showed, "immune system", "extracellular matrix organization", "hemostasis", "signal transduction", and "platelet activation" to be the top enriched terms with involvement of the meta-DEGs. After construction of the multilayer regulatory network, several top DEGs (TP53, MYC, BTG2, VEGFA, PTEN, etc.), as well as top miRNAs (miR-335, miR-16, miR-17, miR-20a, and miR-93), and transcription factors (SP1, STAT3, NF-KB1, RELA, E2F1), were introduced as potential therapeutic targets in DN. Among the regulatory molecules, miR-335-5p and SP1 were the most interactive miRNA and transcription factor molecules with the highest degree scores in the constructed network. CONCLUSION By performing a meta-analysis of available DN-related transcriptomics datasets, we reached a consensus list of DEGs for this complicated disorder. Further enrichment and network analyses steps revealed the involved pathways in the DN pathogenesis and marked the most potential therapeutic targets in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Hojjati
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amir Roointan
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Alieh Gholaminejad
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Yasin Eshraghi
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Yousof Gheisari
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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59
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Ferkowicz MJ, Verma A, Barwinska D, Melo Ferreira R, Henderson JM, Kirkpatrick M, Silva PS, Steenkamp DW, Phillips CL, Waikar SS, Sutton TA. Molecular Signatures of Glomerular Neovascularization in a Patient with Diabetic Kidney Disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2023; 19:01277230-990000000-00211. [PMID: 37533147 PMCID: PMC10861111 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.0000000000000276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
The Kidney Precision Medicine Project (KPMP) aims to create a kidney tissue atlas, define disease subgroups, and identify critical cells, pathways, and targets for novel therapies through molecular investigation of human kidney biopsies obtained from participants with acute kidney injury (AKI) or chronic kidney disease (CKD). We present the case of a 66-year-old woman with diabetic kidney disease who underwent a protocol KPMP kidney biopsy. Her clinical history included diabetes mellitus complicated by neuropathy and eye disease, increased insulin resistance, hypertension, albuminuria, and relatively preserved glomerular filtration rate (early CKD stage 3a). The patient's histopathology was consistent with diabetic nephropathy and arterial and arteriolar sclerosis. Three-dimensional, immunofluorescence imaging of the kidney biopsy specimen revealed extensive peri-glomerular neovascularization that was underestimated by standard histopathologic approaches. Spatial transcriptomics was performed to obtain gene expression signatures at discrete areas of the kidney biopsy. Gene expression in the areas of glomerular neovascularization revealed increased expression of genes involved in angiogenic signaling, proliferation and survival of endothelial cells, as well as new vessel maturation and stability. This molecular correlation provides additional insights into the development of kidney disease in patients with diabetes and spotlights how novel molecular techniques employed by the KPMP can supplement and enrich the histopathologic diagnosis obtained from a kidney biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Ferkowicz
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Ashish Verma
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daria Barwinska
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Ricardo Melo Ferreira
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Joel M. Henderson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mary Kirkpatrick
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Paolo S. Silva
- Beetham Eye Institute, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Devin W. Steenkamp
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Carrie L. Phillips
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Sushrut S. Waikar
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Timothy A. Sutton
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
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60
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DiKun KM, Gudas LJ. Vitamin A and retinoid signaling in the kidneys. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 248:108481. [PMID: 37331524 PMCID: PMC10528136 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin A (VA, retinol) and its metabolites (commonly called retinoids) are required for the proper development of the kidney during embryogenesis, but retinoids also play key roles in the function and repair of the kidney in adults. Kidneys filter 180-200 liters of blood per day and each kidney contains approximately 1 million nephrons, which are often referred to as the 'functional units' of the kidney. Each nephron consists of a glomerulus and a series of tubules (proximal tubule, loop of Henle, distal tubule, and collecting duct) surrounded by a network of capillaries. VA is stored in the liver and converted to active metabolites, most notably retinoic acid (RA), which acts as an agonist for the retinoic acid receptors ((RARs α, β, and γ) to regulate gene transcription. In this review we discuss some of the actions of retinoids in the kidney after injury. For example, in an ischemia-reperfusion model in mice, injury-associated loss of proximal tubule (PT) differentiation markers occurs, followed by re-expression of these differentiation markers during PT repair. Notably, healthy proximal tubules express ALDH1a2, the enzyme that metabolizes retinaldehyde to RA, but transiently lose ALDH1a2 expression after injury, while nearby myofibroblasts transiently acquire RA-producing capabilities after injury. These results indicate that RA is important for renal tubular injury repair and that compensatory mechanisms exist for the generation of endogenous RA by other cell types upon proximal tubule injury. ALDH1a2 levels also increase in podocytes, epithelial cells of the glomeruli, after injury, and RA promotes podocyte differentiation. We also review the ability of exogenous, pharmacological doses of RA and receptor selective retinoids to treat numerous kidney diseases, including kidney cancer and diabetic kidney disease, and the emerging genetic evidence for the importance of retinoids and their receptors in maintaining or restoring kidney function after injury. In general, RA has a protective effect on the kidney after various types of injuries (eg. ischemia, cytotoxic actions of chemicals, hyperglycemia related to diabetes). As more research into the actions of each of the three RARs in the kidney is carried out, a greater understanding of the actions of vitamin A is likely to lead to new insights into the pathology of kidney disorders and the development of new therapies for kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krysta M DiKun
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA; New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA; Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lorraine J Gudas
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA; Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA.
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Li C, Zhong H, Ma J, Liang Z, Zhang L, Liu T, Fan W. Notoginsenoside R1 can inhibit the interaction between FGF1 and VEGFA to retard podocyte apoptosis. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:140. [PMID: 37415174 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-023-01402-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a chronic condition resulting from microangiopathy in a high-glucose environment. The evaluation of vascular injury in DN has primarily focused on active molecules of VEGF, namely VEGFA and VEGF2(F2R). Notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1), a traditional anti-inflammatory medication, exhibits vascular activity. Therefore, identifying classical drugs with vascular inflammatory protection for the treatment of DN is a valuable pursuit. METHODS The "Limma" method was employed to analyze the glomerular transcriptome data, while the Spearman algorithm for Swiss target prediction was utilized to analyze the drug targets of NGR1. The molecular docking technique was employed to investigate the relationship between vascular active drug targets, and the COIP experiment was conducted to verify the interaction between fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) and VEGFA in relation to NGR1 and drug targets. RESULTS According to the Swiss target prediction, the LEU32(b) site of the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGFA) protein, as well as the Lys112(a), SER116(a), and HIS102(b) sites of the Fibroblast Growth Factor 1 (FGF1) protein, are potential binding sites for NGR1 through hydrogen bonding. Additionally, the Co-immunoprecipitation (COIP) results suggest that VEGFA and FGF1 proteins can interact with each other, and NGR1 can impede this interaction. Furthermore, NGR1 can suppress the expression of VEGFA and FGF1 in a high-glucose environment, thereby decelerating podocyte apoptosis. CONCLUSION The inhibition of the interaction between FGF1 and VEGFA by NGR1 has been observed to decelerate podocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- ChangYan Li
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No.295, Xichang Road, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650032, China
| | - HuaChen Zhong
- First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650032, China
| | - JingYuan Ma
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No.295, Xichang Road, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650032, China
| | - Zhang Liang
- Department of Science and Technology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650500, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Tao Liu
- Organ Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650032, China
| | - WenXing Fan
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No.295, Xichang Road, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650032, China.
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Evangelista JE, Xie Z, Marino GB, Nguyen N, Clarke DB, Ma’ayan A. Enrichr-KG: bridging enrichment analysis across multiple libraries. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:W168-W179. [PMID: 37166973 PMCID: PMC10320098 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene and protein set enrichment analysis is a critical step in the analysis of data collected from omics experiments. Enrichr is a popular gene set enrichment analysis web-server search engine that contains hundreds of thousands of annotated gene sets. While Enrichr has been useful in providing enrichment analysis with many gene set libraries from different categories, integrating enrichment results across libraries and domains of knowledge can further hypothesis generation. To this end, Enrichr-KG is a knowledge graph database and a web-server application that combines selected gene set libraries from Enrichr for integrative enrichment analysis and visualization. The enrichment results are presented as subgraphs made of nodes and links that connect genes to their enriched terms. In addition, users of Enrichr-KG can add gene-gene links, as well as predicted genes to the subgraphs. This graphical representation of cross-library results with enriched and predicted genes can illuminate hidden associations between genes and annotated enriched terms from across datasets and resources. Enrichr-KG currently serves 26 gene set libraries from different categories that include transcription, pathways, ontologies, diseases/drugs, and cell types. To demonstrate the utility of Enrichr-KG we provide several case studies. Enrichr-KG is freely available at: https://maayanlab.cloud/enrichr-kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Erol Evangelista
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Mount Sinai Center for Bioinformatics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, NY, USA
| | - Zhuorui Xie
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Mount Sinai Center for Bioinformatics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, NY, USA
| | - Giacomo B Marino
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Mount Sinai Center for Bioinformatics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, NY, USA
| | - Nhi Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Mount Sinai Center for Bioinformatics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, NY, USA
| | - Daniel J B Clarke
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Mount Sinai Center for Bioinformatics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, NY, USA
| | - Avi Ma’ayan
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Mount Sinai Center for Bioinformatics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, NY, USA
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Yang X, Chen Z, Luo Z, Yang D, Hao Y, Hu J, Feng J, Zhu Z, Luo Q, Zhang Z, Liang W, Ding G. STING deletion alleviates podocyte injury through suppressing inflammation by targeting NLRP3 in diabetic kidney disease. Cell Signal 2023:110777. [PMID: 37329999 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
An increasing number of studies have shown that immune inflammatory response plays a vital role in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-dependent inflammatory response is a key mechanism in the initiation and development of DKD. The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is an adaptor protein that can drive noninfectious inflammation and pyroptosis. However, the mechanism of STING regulating immune inflammation and the interaction with NLRP3-dependent pyroptosis in high glucose state still remains unclear. This study evaluated the potential role of STING in high glucose (HG)-induced podocyte inflammation response. STING expression was significantly increased in db/db mice, STZ-treated diabetic mice, and HG-treated podocytes. Podocyte-specific deletion of STING alleviated podocyte injury, renal dysfunction, and inflammation in STZ-induced diabetic mice. STING inhibitor (H151) administration ameliorated inflammation and improved renal function in db/db mice. STING deletion in podocytes attenuated the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and podocyte pyroptosis in STZ-induced diabetic mice. In vitro, modulated STING expression by STING siRNA alleviated pyroptosis and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in HG-treated podocytes. NLRP3 over-expression offset the beneficial effects of STING deletion. These results indicate that STING deletion suppresses podocyte inflammation response through suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation and provide evidence that STING may be a potential target for podocyte injury in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhaowei Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Zilv Luo
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Dingping Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yiqun Hao
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jijia Hu
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Feng
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zijing Zhu
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qiang Luo
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zongwei Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Liang
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Guohua Ding
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Mai L, He G, Chen J, Zhu J, Chen S, Yang H, Zhang M, Hou X, Ke M, Li X. Profilin1 Promotes Renal Tubular Epithelial Cell Apoptosis in Diabetic Nephropathy Through the Hedgehog Signaling Pathway. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:1731-1743. [PMID: 37323855 PMCID: PMC10263159 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s411781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Profilin-1 (PFN1) regulates the dynamic balance of actin and plays an important role in cell functions as a hub protein in signaling molecule interaction networks. Dysregulation of PFN1 is related to pathologic kidney diseases. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) was recently reported as an inflammatory disorder, however, the molecular mechanisms of PFN1 in DN remain unclear. Therefore, the present study was conducted to explore the molecular and bioinformatic characteristics of PFN1 in DN. Methods Bioinformatics analyses were performed on the chip of database in DN kidney tissues. A cellular model of DN was established in human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) induced by high glucose. The PFN1 gene was overexpressed or knocked-down to investigate its function in DN. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell proliferation and apoptosis. PFN1 and proteins in the related signaling pathways were evaluated by Western blotting. Results The expression of PFN1 was significantly increased in DN kidney tissues (P < 0.001) and was correlated with a high apoptosis-associated score (Pearson's correlation = 0.664) and cellular senescence-associated score (Pearson's correlation = 0.703). PFN1 protein was mainly located in cytoplasm. Overexpression of PFN1 promoted apoptosis and blocked the proliferation of HK-2 cells treated with high levels of glucose. Knockdown of PFN1 led to the opposite effects. Additionally, we found that PFN1 was correlated with the inactivation of the Hedgehog signaling pathway in HK-2 cells treated with high levels of glucose. Conclusion PFN1 might play an integral role in the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis during DN development by activating the Hedgehog signaling pathway. This study provided molecular and bioinformatic characterizations of PFN1, and contributed to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms leading to DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Mai
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guodong He
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Chen
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiening Zhu
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaoxian Chen
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Yang
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengzhen Zhang
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinghua Hou
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Miaola Ke
- Department of Blood Transfusion, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
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Liu B, Jie X, Deng J, Zhang S, Lu F, Liu X, Zhang D. Bupi Yishen formula may prevent kidney fibrosis by modulating fatty acid metabolism in renal tubules. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 114:154767. [PMID: 37001297 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bupi Yishen formula (BYF), a traditional Chinese herbal mixture, has demonstrated better effectiveness than Losartan in preserving renal function and preventing composite severe adverse outcomes in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) in a recent randomized controlled trial. Prior studies have shown that BYF exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects in the kidneys of CKD models, but the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of BYF administration on profibrotic phenotypic changes in the kidney and to elucidate its fundamental mechanisms of action. METHODS Adenine and 5/6 nephrectomy rat models were administered with two doses of BYF extract (15 or 30 g/kg/d) by intragastric administration, and Losartan treatment was used as a positive control group. The relationship between BYF renoprotection and restoration of fatty acid dysregulation was examined using the two fibrosis models and TGFb1-induced human tubular HK2 cells. Transcriptomic profiles of the fibrotic kidneys obtained from adenine-induced CKD rats were used to identify the key mechanisms that are affected by BYF intervention. Human relevance and clinical implications were established by re-analysis of the microarray databases of CKD patients and immunostaining on human biopsy specimens. RESULTS BYF effectively prevented kidney histological damage and ameliorated renal malfunction in the adenine rat model of CKD. BYF robustly attenuated the significant increase in profibrotic and proapoptotic markers in fibrotic kidneys of adenine-induced CKD rats. Transcriptomic analyses of the fibrotic kidneys of the adenine rats identified fatty acid metabolism as the key dysregulated pathway affected by BYF prevention. BYF significantly reversed defective fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and the intracellular lipids accumulation in the fibrotic kidneys induced by 5/6 nephrectomy. Furthermore, BYF prevented dysfunctional fatty acid metabolism, which were associated with the significant improvement of TGFb1-induced profibrotic changes in HK2 human proximal tubular cells. Furthermore, analyses of kidney microarray databases and biopsy specimens of CKD patients suggested that FAO defect is common in CKD in humans. CONCLUSION Our exploratory study found that BYF may exert protective effects on renal fibrosis by regulating the fatty acid metabolism of renal tubular cells, which may be a key mechanism for preventing kidney fibrosis in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingran Liu
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No.111 Dade Road, Guangzhou 510405, China; Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No.111 Dade Road, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xina Jie
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No.111 Dade Road, Guangzhou 510405, China; Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No.111 Dade Road, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jiankun Deng
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No.111 Dade Road, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Simeng Zhang
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No.111 Dade Road, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Fuhua Lu
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No.111 Dade Road, Guangzhou 510405, China; Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No.111 Dade Road, Guangzhou 510120, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xusheng Liu
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No.111 Dade Road, Guangzhou 510405, China; Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No.111 Dade Road, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Difei Zhang
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No.111 Dade Road, Guangzhou 510405, China; Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No.111 Dade Road, Guangzhou 510120, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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Kato M, Chen Z, Das S, Wu X, Wang J, Li A, Chen W, Tsark W, Tunduguru R, Lanting L, Wang M, Moore R, Kalkum M, Abdollahi M, Natarajan R. Long non-coding RNA lncMGC mediates the expression of TGF-β-induced genes in renal cells via nucleosome remodelers. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1204124. [PMID: 37325470 PMCID: PMC10266347 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1204124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play key roles in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). The miR-379 megacluster of miRNAs and its host transcript lnc-megacluster (lncMGC) are regulated by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), increased in the glomeruli of diabetic mice, and promote features of early DKD. However, biochemical functions of lncMGC are unknown. Here, we identified lncMGC-interacting proteins by in vitro-transcribed lncMGC RNA pull down followed by mass spectrometry. We also created lncMGC-knockout (KO) mice by CRISPR-Cas9 editing and used primary mouse mesangial cells (MMCs) from the KO mice to examine the effects of lncMGC on the gene expression related to DKD, changes in promoter histone modifications, and chromatin remodeling. Methods: In vitro-transcribed lncMGC RNA was mixed with lysates from HK2 cells (human kidney cell line). lncMGC-interacting proteins were identified by mass spectrometry. Candidate proteins were confirmed by RNA immunoprecipitation followed by qPCR. Cas9 and guide RNAs were injected into mouse eggs to create lncMGC-KO mice. Wild-type (WT) and lncMGC-KO MMCs were treated with TGF-β, and RNA expression (by RNA-seq and qPCR) and histone modifications (by chromatin immunoprecipitation) and chromatin remodeling/open chromatin (by Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin using sequencing, ATAC-seq) were examined. Results: Several nucleosome remodeling factors including SMARCA5 and SMARCC2 were identified as lncMGC-interacting proteins by mass spectrometry, and confirmed by RNA immunoprecipitation-qPCR. MMCs from lncMGC-KO mice showed no basal or TGF-β-induced expression of lncMGC. Enrichment of histone H3K27 acetylation and SMARCA5 at the lncMGC promoter was increased in TGF-β-treated WT MMCs but significantly reduced in lncMGC-KO MMCs. ATAC peaks at the lncMGC promoter region and many other DKD-related loci including Col4a3 and Col4a4 were significantly lower in lncMGC-KO MMCs compared to WT MMCs in the TGF-β-treated condition. Zinc finger (ZF), ARID, and SMAD motifs were enriched in ATAC peaks. ZF and ARID sites were also found in the lncMGC gene. Conclusion: lncMGC RNA interacts with several nucleosome remodeling factors to promote chromatin relaxation and enhance the expression of lncMGC itself and other genes including pro-fibrotic genes. The lncMGC/nucleosome remodeler complex promotes site-specific chromatin accessibility to enhance DKD-related genes in target kidney cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuo Kato
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Sadhan Das
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Xiwei Wu
- Integrative Genomics Core, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Jinhui Wang
- Integrative Genomics Core, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Arthur Li
- Integrative Genomics Core, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Wei Chen
- Integrative Genomics Core, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Walter Tsark
- Transgenic Mouse Facility, Center for Comparative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Ragadeepthi Tunduguru
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Linda Lanting
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Mei Wang
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Roger Moore
- Department of Immunology and Theranostics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Markus Kalkum
- Department of Immunology and Theranostics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Maryam Abdollahi
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Rama Natarajan
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
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Kiyanpour F, Abedi M, Gheisari Y. miR-802-5p is a key regulator in diabetic kidney disease. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF ISFAHAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023; 28:43. [PMID: 37405075 PMCID: PMC10315408 DOI: 10.4103/jrms.jrms_702_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Diabetic kidney disease has substantial burden and limited therapeutic options. An inadequate understanding of the complex gene regulatory circuits underlying this disorder contributes to the insufficiency of current treatment strategies. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role as regulators of functionally related gene networks. Previously, mmu-mir-802-5p was identified as the sole dysregulated miRNA in both the kidney cortex and medulla of diabetic mice. This study aims to investigate the role of miR-802-5p in diabetic kidney disease. Materials and Methods The validated and predicted targets of miR-802-5p were identified using miRTarBase and TargetScan databases, respectively. The functional role of this miRNA was inferred using gene ontology enrichment analysis. The expression of miR-802-5p and its selected targets were assessed by qPCR. The expression of the angiotensin receptor (Agtr1a) was measured by ELISA. Results miR-802-5p exhibited dysregulation in both the kidney cortex and medulla of diabetic mice, with two- and four-fold over-expressions, respectively. Functional enrichment analysis of the validated and predicted targets of miR-802-5p revealed its involvement in the renin-angiotensin pathway, inflammation, and kidney development. Differential expression was observed in the Pten transcript and Agtr1a protein among the examined gene targets. Conclusion These findings suggest that miR-802-5p is a critical regulator of diabetic nephropathy in the cortex and medulla compartments, contributing to disease pathogenesis through the renin-angiotensin axis and inflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnoush Kiyanpour
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Abedi
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman, School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yousof Gheisari
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Li KY, Tam CHT, Liu H, Day S, Lim CKP, So WY, Huang C, Jiang G, Shi M, Lee HM, Lan HY, Szeto CC, Hanson RL, Nelson RG, Susztak K, Chan JCN, Yip KY, Ma RCW. DNA methylation markers for kidney function and progression of diabetic kidney disease. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2543. [PMID: 37188670 PMCID: PMC10185566 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37837-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic markers are potential biomarkers for diabetes and related complications. Using a prospective cohort from the Hong Kong Diabetes Register, we perform two independent epigenome-wide association studies to identify methylation markers associated with baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and subsequent decline in kidney function (eGFR slope), respectively, in 1,271 type 2 diabetes subjects. Here we show 40 (30 previously unidentified) and eight (all previously unidentified) CpG sites individually reach epigenome-wide significance for baseline eGFR and eGFR slope, respectively. We also develop a multisite analysis method, which selects 64 and 37 CpG sites for baseline eGFR and eGFR slope, respectively. These models are validated in an independent cohort of Native Americans with type 2 diabetes. Our identified CpG sites are near genes enriched for functional roles in kidney diseases, and some show association with renal damage. This study highlights the potential of methylation markers in risk stratification of kidney disease among type 2 diabetes individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Yichen Li
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Claudia Ha Ting Tam
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
- Laboratory for Molecular Epidemiology in Diabetes, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Hongbo Liu
- Department of Medicine, Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute of Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Samantha Day
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Graduate Studies and Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, USA
| | - Cadmon King Poo Lim
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
- Laboratory for Molecular Epidemiology in Diabetes, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Wing Yee So
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Chuiguo Huang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Guozhi Jiang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Mai Shi
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Heung Man Lee
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Hui-Yao Lan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Cheuk-Chun Szeto
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Robert L Hanson
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Robert G Nelson
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Katalin Susztak
- Department of Medicine, Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute of Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Juliana C N Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Kevin Y Yip
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.
- Hong Kong Bioinformatics Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.
| | - Ronald C W Ma
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.
- Laboratory for Molecular Epidemiology in Diabetes, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.
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Trambas IA, Coughlan MT, Tan SM. Therapeutic Potential of Targeting Complement C5a Receptors in Diabetic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108758. [PMID: 37240105 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) affects 30-40% of patients with diabetes and is currently the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The activation of the complement cascade, a highly conserved element of the innate immune system, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications. The potent anaphylatoxin C5a is a critical effector of complement-mediated inflammation. Excessive activation of the C5a-signalling axis promotes a potent inflammatory environment and is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammasome activation, and the production of reactive oxygen species. Conventional renoprotective agents used in the treatment of diabetes do not target the complement system. Mounting preclinical evidence indicates that inhibition of the complement system may prove protective in DKD by reducing inflammation and fibrosis. Targeting the C5a-receptor signaling axis is of particular interest, as inhibition at this level attenuates inflammation while preserving the critical immunological defense functions of the complement system. In this review, the important role of the C5a/C5a-receptor axis in the pathogenesis of diabetes and kidney injuries will be discussed, and an overview of the status and mechanisms of action of current complement therapeutics in development will be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inez A Trambas
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Melinda T Coughlan
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Sih Min Tan
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
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70
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Gao Y, Su X, Xue T, Zhang N. The beneficial effects of astragaloside IV on ameliorating diabetic kidney disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114598. [PMID: 37150034 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has become the major cause of chronic kidney disease or end-stage renal disease. There is still a need for innovative treatment strategies for preventing, arresting, treating, and reversing DKD, and a plethora of scientific evidence has revealed that Chinese herbal monomers can attenuate DKD in multiple ways. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is one of the active ingredients of Astragalus membranaceus and was selected as a chemical marker in the Chinese Pharmacopeia for quality control purposes. An increasing amount of studies indicate that AS-IV is a promising novel drug for the treatment of DKD. AS-IV has been shown to improve DKD by combating oxidative stress, attenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress, regulating calcium homeostasis, alleviating inflammation, improving vascular function, improving epithelial to mesenchymal transition and so on. This review briefly summarizes the pathogenesis of DKD, systematically reviews the mechanisms by which AS-IV improves DKD, and aims to facilitate related pharmacological research and development to promote the utilization of Chinese herbal monomers in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Gao
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Xin Su
- Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Taiqi Xue
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, China.
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Christoffersen BØ, Kristensen CA, Lindgaard R, Kirk RK, Viuff BM, Kvist PH, Pedersen HD, Ludvigsen TP, Skovgaard T, Fels JJ, Martinussen T, Christiansen LB, Cirera S, Olsen LH. Functional and morphological renal changes in a Göttingen Minipig model of obesity-related and diabetic nephropathy. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6017. [PMID: 37045950 PMCID: PMC10097698 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32674-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity-related glomerulopathy and diabetic nephropathy (DN) are serious complications to metabolic syndrome and diabetes. The purpose was to study effects of a fat, fructose and cholesterol-rich (FFC) diet with and without salt in order to induce hypertension on kidney function and morphology in Göttingen Minipigs with and without diabetes. Male Göttingen Minipigs were divided into 4 groups: SD (standard diet, n = 8), FFC (FFC diet, n = 16), FFC-DIA (FFC diet + diabetes, n = 14), FFC-DIA + S (FFC diet with extra salt + diabetes, n = 14). Blood and urine biomarkers, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), blood pressure (BP) and resistive index (RI) were evaluated after 6-7 months (T1) and 12-13 months (T2). Histology, electron microscopy and gene expression (excluding FFC-DIA + S) were evaluated at T2. All groups fed FFC-diet displayed obesity, increased GFR and RI, glomerulomegaly, mesangial expansion (ME) and glomerular basement membrane (GBM) thickening. Diabetes on top of FFC diet led to increased plasma glucose and urea and proteinuria and tended to exacerbate the glomerulomegaly, ME and GBM thickening. Four genes (CDKN1A, NPHS2, ACE, SLC2A1) were significantly deregulated in FFC and/or FFC-DIA compared to SD. No effects on BP were observed. Göttingen Minipigs fed FFC diet displayed some of the renal early changes seen in human obesity. Presence of diabetes on top of FFC diet exacerbated the findings and lead to changes resembling the early phases of human DN.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Camilla Aarup Kristensen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- AJ Vaccines A/S, Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | - Rikke Lindgaard
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- AniCura ApS, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Tine Skovgaard
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
- Unilabs, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Torben Martinussen
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Liselotte Bruun Christiansen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Søborg, Denmark
| | - Susanna Cirera
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Lisbeth Høier Olsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
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72
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Gui H, Chen X, Ye L, Ma H. Seven basement membrane-specific expressed genes are considered potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic nephropathy. Acta Diabetol 2023; 60:493-505. [PMID: 36627452 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-022-02027-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a diabetes-related chronic vasculitis. DN diminishes kidney function over time and, of course, leads to end stage renal disease in people (ESRD). In spite of the advances in diagnostic and treatment methods for DN, DN continues to impose a significant physical and psychological burden on patients, severely impacting their quality of life, making the hunt for novel therapeutic targets necessary. METHODS The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) microarray datasets GSE1009, GSE30122, GSE142153, and GSE96804 were downloaded to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in kidney tissues from patients in the DN group and normal controls. These three datasets were examined for genes associated with basement membranes (BMs) with differential gene expression. The target genes were then subjected to gene ontology (GO) annotation and Kyoto Gene and Genome Encyclopedia (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. BM-related genes underwent PPI network analysis and screening of the top 10 hub genes, along with immune infiltration analysis and column line graph model development. Finally, we conducted DN therapeutic medication prediction and the creation of something like a miRNA network for genetic markers with BMs. RESULTS Seven candidate BM-related genes (COL4A1, COL4A2, COL6A2, COL6A3, FN1, ITGQ4, and LAMB1) with acceptable helps the healthcare were discovered. Enrichment analysis of diabetes-related genes event occurred the role of biological processes including extracellular matrix organization, extracellular structural organization, and collagen-containing extracellular matrix, as well as the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, in diabetic complications. These genes may also be associated in immune cells and autoimmune activities, such as Macrophages and MHC class I, in order to impact the immune process in DN. In the meanwhile, based on these seven BM-related genes, we discovered that Ginsenoside Rh1 was very significant for drug targeting. CONCLUSIONS This research identified seven BM-related genes as possible diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers for DN. Analysis of inflammatory infiltration indicated that these genes may be important in inflammatory processes through Macrophages and MHC class I, hence impacting the course and development of DN illness. The development of a correlated column line graph model for it also shown excellent predictive capabilities. In addition, we have found pharmaceuticals, such as Ginsenoside Rh1, that may provide fresh insights into the personalized management of patients with DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- HouShan Gui
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Yichun University, Yichun, 336000, China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Yichun University, Yichun, 336000, China
| | - LuFen Ye
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Yichun University, Yichun, 336000, China
| | - Hao Ma
- Yichun University School of Aesthetic Medicine, No. 576 Yuanzhou District, Yichun, 336000, Jiangxi Province, China.
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73
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Liu J, Duan G, Yang W, Zhang S, Liu F, Peng Y, Sun L, Liu Y, Xiao L. Identification of transcription factors related to diabetic tubulointerstitial injury. J Transl Med 2023; 21:228. [PMID: 36978091 PMCID: PMC10053902 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04069-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a main cause of chronic renal failure. Despite decades of extensive study, the molecular mechanisms underlying diabetic tubulointerstitial injury remain unclear. We aim to identify key transcription factor genes involved in diabetic tubulointerstitial injury. METHODS A microarray dataset (GSE30122) from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was downloaded. A total of 38 transcription factor genes based on 166 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by UCSC_TFBS. RESULTS The regulatory network showed connections between the top 10 transcription factors and their target DEGs. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis of targeted DEGs indicated that extracellular space, extracellular exosome, cell surface and complement and coagulation cascades were most significantly enriched. Utilizing Nephroseq v5 online platform, the mRNA expression pattern analysis of transcription factor genes demonstrated that mRNA expression of CDC5, CEBPA, FAC1, HFH1, IRF1, NFE2 and TGIF1 increased in renal tubulointerstitium of DN patients compared with normal controls while that of CEBPB and FOXO4 decreased in renal tubulointerstitium of DN patients compared with normal controls. Correlation analysis between mRNA expression of transcription factor genes in renal tubulointerstitium and clinical features showed that AP1, BACH1, CDC5, FAC1, FOXD1, FOXJ2, FOXO1, FOXO4, HFH1, IRF1, POU3F2, SOX5, SOX9, RSRFC4, S8 and TGIF1 may be related to diabetic tubulointerstitial injury. CONCLUSIONS (1) CDC5, FAC1, FOXO4, HFH1, IRF1 and TGIF1 may be key transcription factor genes. (2)Transcription factors involved in diabetic tubulointerstitial injury may become prospective targets for diagnosis and treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Guangzhong Duan
- Hunan Communication Polytechnic, Changsha, 410132, Hunan, China
| | - Wenxia Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Shumin Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Fuyou Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Youming Peng
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Li Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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74
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Diabetes Mellitus and the Kidneys. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2023; 53:565-580. [PMID: 36854633 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2023.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
The pathomechanisms implicated in diabetic kidney disease in people are present in dogs and cats and, in theory, could lead to renal complications in companion animals with long-standing diabetes mellitus. However, these renal complications develop during a long period, and there is little to no clinical evidence that they could lead to chronic kidney disease in companion animals.
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75
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Khurana I, Kaipananickal H, Maxwell S, Birkelund S, Syreeni A, Forsblom C, Okabe J, Ziemann M, Kaspi A, Rafehi H, Jørgensen A, Al-Hasani K, Thomas MC, Jiang G, Luk AO, Lee HM, Huang Y, Thewjitcharoen Y, Nakasatien S, Himathongkam T, Fogarty C, Njeim R, Eid A, Hansen TW, Tofte N, Ottesen EC, Ma RC, Chan JC, Cooper ME, Rossing P, Groop PH, El-Osta A. Reduced methylation correlates with diabetic nephropathy risk in type 1 diabetes. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:160959. [PMID: 36633903 PMCID: PMC9927943 DOI: 10.1172/jci160959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a polygenic disorder with few risk variants showing robust replication in large-scale genome-wide association studies. To understand the role of DNA methylation, it is important to have the prevailing genomic view to distinguish key sequence elements that influence gene expression. This is particularly challenging for DN because genome-wide methylation patterns are poorly defined. While methylation is known to alter gene expression, the importance of this causal relationship is obscured by array-based technologies since coverage outside promoter regions is low. To overcome these challenges, we performed methylation sequencing using leukocytes derived from participants of the Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy (FinnDiane) type 1 diabetes (T1D) study (n = 39) that was subsequently replicated in a larger validation cohort (n = 296). Gene body-related regions made up more than 60% of the methylation differences and emphasized the importance of methylation sequencing. We observed differentially methylated genes associated with DN in 3 independent T1D registries originating from Denmark (n = 445), Hong Kong (n = 107), and Thailand (n = 130). Reduced DNA methylation at CTCF and Pol2B sites was tightly connected with DN pathways that include insulin signaling, lipid metabolism, and fibrosis. To define the pathophysiological significance of these population findings, methylation indices were assessed in human renal cells such as podocytes and proximal convoluted tubule cells. The expression of core genes was associated with reduced methylation, elevated CTCF and Pol2B binding, and the activation of insulin-signaling phosphoproteins in hyperglycemic cells. These experimental observations also closely parallel methylation-mediated regulation in human macrophages and vascular endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishant Khurana
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory and,Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Harikrishnan Kaipananickal
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory and,Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Scott Maxwell
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory and,Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sørine Birkelund
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory and,Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,University College Copenhagen, Faculty of Health, Department of Technology, Biomedical Laboratory Science, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna Syreeni
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Carol Forsblom
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jun Okabe
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory and,Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark Ziemann
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory and,Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Antony Kaspi
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory and,Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Haloom Rafehi
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory and,Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anne Jørgensen
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory and,Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Keith Al-Hasani
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory and,Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Merlin C. Thomas
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Andrea O.Y. Luk
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics,,Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity,,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Heung Man Lee
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics,,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | | | | | - Christopher Fogarty
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rachel Njeim
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Assaad Eid
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Nete Tofte
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | - Ronald C.W. Ma
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics,,Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity,,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Juliana C.N. Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics,,Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity,,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mark E. Cooper
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter Rossing
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Per-Henrik Groop
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Assam El-Osta
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory and,Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,University College Copenhagen, Faculty of Health, Department of Technology, Biomedical Laboratory Science, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity,,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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76
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Ma Y, Deng Y, Li N, Dong A, Li H, Chen S, Zhang S, Zhang M. Network pharmacology analysis combined with experimental validation to explore the therapeutic mechanism of Schisandra Chinensis Mixture on diabetic nephropathy. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 302:115768. [PMID: 36280016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common and serious microvascular complications of Diabetes mellitus (DM). The inflammatory response plays a critical role in DN. Schisandra Chinensis Mixture (SM) has shown promising clinical efficacy in the treatment of DN while the pharmacological mechanisms are still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, a network pharmacology approach and bioinformatic analysis were adopted to predict the pharmacological mechanisms of SM in DN therapy. Based on the predicted results, molecular docking and in vivo experiments were used for verification. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, the candidate bioactive ingredients of SM were obtained via Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database (TCMSP) and supplementing according to the literature. SM putative targets and the verified targets were acquired from TCMSP and SiwssTartgetPrediction Database. DN-related target genes were collected from GeneCards, OMIM, DisGeNET databases, and microarray data analysis. Biological function and pathway analysis were performed to further explore the pharmacological mechanisms of SM in DN therapy. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established to screen the hub gene. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis and the molecular docking simulations were performed to validate the potential target-drug interactions. The fingerprint spectrum of multi-components of the SM was characterized by UPLC-MS/MS. The signaling pathways associated with inflammation and hub genes were partially validated in SD rats. RESULTS A total of 36 bioactive ingredients were contained, and 666 component-related targets were screened from SM, of which 50 intersected with DN targets and were considered potential therapeutic targets. GO analyses revealed that the 50 intersection targets were mainly enriched in the inflammatory response, positive regulation of angiogenesis, and positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K) signaling. KEGG analyses indicated that the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway was considered as the most important pathway for SM antagonism to the occurrence and development of DN, with the highest target count enrichment. PPI network results showed that the top 15 protein targets in degree value, VEGFA, JAK2, CSF1R, NOS3, CCR2, CCR5, TLR7, FYN, BTK, LCK, PLAT, NOS2, TEK, MMP1 and MCL1, were identified as hub genes. The results of ROC analysis showed that VEGFA and NOS3 were valuable in the diagnosis of DN. The molecular docking confirmed that the core bioactive ingredients had well-binding affinity for VEGFA and NOS3. The in vivo experiments confirmed that SM significantly inhibited the over-release of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF)-α in DN rats, while regulating the PI3K-AKT and VEGFA-NOS3 signaling pathways. CONCLUSION This study revealed the multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway characteristics of SM therapeutic DN. SM inhibited the inflammatory response and improved renal pathological damage in DN rats, which was related to the regulation of the PI3K-Akt and VEGFA-NOS3 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ma
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Deng
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Na Li
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Ao Dong
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Hongdian Li
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Shu Chen
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Sai Zhang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Mianzhi Zhang
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, China; Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300120, China.
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Sun H, Weidner J, Allamargot C, Piper RC, Misurac J, Nester C. Dynein-Mediated Trafficking: A New Mechanism of Diabetic Podocytopathy. KIDNEY360 2023; 4:162-176. [PMID: 36821608 PMCID: PMC10103215 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0006852022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Key Points The expression of dynein is increased in human and rodent models of diabetic nephropathy (DN), eliciting a new dynein-driven pathogenesis. Uncontrolled dynein impairs the molecular sieve of kidney by remodeling the postendocytic triage and homeostasis of nephrin. The delineation of the dynein-driven pathogenesis promises a broad spectrum of new therapeutic targets for human DN. Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is characterized by increased endocytosis and degradation of nephrin, a protein that comprises the molecular sieve of the glomerular filtration barrier. While nephrin internalization has been found activated in diabetes-stressed podocytes, the postinternalization trafficking steps that lead to the eventual depletion of nephrin and the development of DN are unclear. Our work on an inherited podocytopathy uncovered that dysregulated dynein could compromise nephrin trafficking, leading us to test whether and how dynein mediates the pathogenesis of DN. Methods We analyzed the transcription of dynein components in public DN databases, using the Nephroseq platform. We verified altered dynein transcription in diabetic podocytopathy by quantitative PCR. Dynein-mediated trafficking and degradation of nephrin was investigated using an in vitro nephrin trafficking model and was demonstrated in a mouse model with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DN and in human kidney biopsy sections. Results Our transcription analysis revealed increased expression of dynein in human DN and diabetic mouse kidney, correlated significantly with the severity of hyperglycemia and DN. In diabetic podocytopathy, we observed that dynein-mediated postendocytic sorting of nephrin was upregulated, resulting in accelerated nephrin degradation and disrupted nephrin recycling. In hyperglycemia-stressed podocytes, Dynll1 , one of the most upregulated dynein components, is required for the recruitment of dynein complex that mediates the postendocytic sorting of nephrin. This was corroborated by observing enhanced Dynll1-nephrin colocalization in podocytes of diabetic patients, as well as dynein-mediated trafficking and degradation of nephrin in STZ-induced diabetic mice with hyperglycemia. Knockdown of Dynll1 attenuated lysosomal degradation of nephrin and promoted its recycling, suggesting the essential role of Dynll1 in dynein-mediated mistrafficking. Conclusions Our studies show that hyperglycemia stimulates dynein-mediated trafficking of nephrin to lysosomes by inducing its expression. The decoding of dynein-driven pathogenesis of diabetic podocytopathy offers a spectrum of new dynein-related therapeutic targets for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Sun
- Division of Nephrology, Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
- Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Jillian Weidner
- Division of Nephrology, Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
- Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Chantal Allamargot
- Central Microscopy Research Facility, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Robert C. Piper
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Jason Misurac
- Division of Nephrology, Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
- Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Carla Nester
- Division of Nephrology, Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
- Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
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Smyth LJ, Kerr KR, Kilner J, McGill ÁE, Maxwell AP, McKnight AJ. Longitudinal Epigenome-Wide Analysis of Kidney Transplant Recipients Pretransplant and Posttransplant. Kidney Int Rep 2023; 8:330-340. [PMID: 36815102 PMCID: PMC9939425 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Kidney transplantation remains the gold standard of treatment for end-stage renal disease (ESRD), with improved patient outcomes compared with dialysis. Epigenome-Wide Association Analysis (EWAS) of DNA methylation may identify markers that contribute to an individual's risk of adverse transplant outcomes, yet only a limited number of EWAS have been conducted in kidney transplant recipients. This EWAS aimed to interrogate the methylation profile of a kidney transplant recipient cohort with minimal posttransplant complications, exploring differences in samples pretransplant and posttransplant. Methods We compared differentially methylated cytosine-phosphate-guanine sites (dmCpGs) in samples derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of the same kidney transplant recipients, collected both pretransplant and posttransplant (N = 154), using the Infinium MethylationEPIC microarray (Illumina, San Diego, CA). Recipients received kidneys from deceased donors and had a mean of 17 years of follow-up. Results Five top-ranked dmCpGs were significantly different at false discovery rate (FDR) adjusted P ≤ 9 × 10-8; cg23597162 within JAZF1, cg25187293 within BTNL8, cg17944885, located between ZNF788P and ZNF625-ZNF20, cg14655917 located between ASB4 and PDK4 and cg09839120 located between GIMAP6 and EIF2AP3. Conclusion Five dmCpGs were identified at the generally accepted EWAS critical significance level of FDR adjusted P (P FDRadj) ≤ 9 × 10-8, including cg23597162 (within JAZF1) and cg17944885, which have prior associations with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Comparing individuals with no evidence of posttransplant complications (N = 105) demonstrated that 693,555 CpGs (89.57%) did not display any significant difference in methylation (P FDRadj ≥ 0.05), thereby this study establishes an important reference for future epigenetic studies that seek to identify markers of posttransplant complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Smyth
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Katie R Kerr
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Jill Kilner
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Áine E McGill
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Alexander P Maxwell
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Amy Jayne McKnight
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
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Rayego-Mateos S, Rodrigues-Diez RR, Fernandez-Fernandez B, Mora-Fernández C, Marchant V, Donate-Correa J, Navarro-González JF, Ortiz A, Ruiz-Ortega M. Targeting inflammation to treat diabetic kidney disease: the road to 2030. Kidney Int 2023; 103:282-296. [PMID: 36470394 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2022.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the fastest growing causes of chronic kidney disease and associated morbidity and mortality. Preclinical research has demonstrated the involvement of inflammation in its pathogenesis and in the progression of kidney damage, supporting clinical trials designed to explore anti-inflammatory strategies. However, the recent success of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and the nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist finerenone has changed both guidelines and standard of care, rendering obsolete older studies directly targeting inflammatory mediators and the clinical development was discontinued for most anti-inflammatory drugs undergoing clinical trials for DKD in 2016. Given the contribution of inflammation to the pathogenesis of DKD, we review the impact on kidney inflammation of the current standard of care, therapies undergoing clinical trials, or repositioned drugs for DKD. Moreover, we review recent advances in the molecular regulation of inflammation in DKD and discuss potential novel therapeutic strategies with clinical relevance. Finally, we provide a road map for future research aimed at integrating the growing knowledge on inflammation and DKD into clinical practice to foster improvement of patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Rayego-Mateos
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain; Ricord2040, Instituto de Salud Carlos II, Spain
| | - Raul R Rodrigues-Diez
- Ricord2040, Instituto de Salud Carlos II, Spain; Translational Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias ISPA, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Beatriz Fernandez-Fernandez
- Ricord2040, Instituto de Salud Carlos II, Spain; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Mora-Fernández
- Ricord2040, Instituto de Salud Carlos II, Spain; Research Unit, University Hospital Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Vanessa Marchant
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain; Ricord2040, Instituto de Salud Carlos II, Spain
| | - Javier Donate-Correa
- Ricord2040, Instituto de Salud Carlos II, Spain; Research Unit, University Hospital Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Juan F Navarro-González
- Ricord2040, Instituto de Salud Carlos II, Spain; Research Unit, University Hospital Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain; Nephrology Service, University Hospital Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Ricord2040, Instituto de Salud Carlos II, Spain; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain; Ricord2040, Instituto de Salud Carlos II, Spain.
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Title: Bioinformatic Identification of Genes Involved in Diabetic Nephropathy Fibrosis and their Clinical Relevance. Biochem Genet 2023:10.1007/s10528-023-10336-6. [PMID: 36715962 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10336-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Tubulointerstitial fibrosis is an important pathological feature of diabetic nephropathy that is associated with impaired renal function. However, the mechanism by which fibrosis occurs in diabetic nephropathy is unclear. Differentially expressed genes were identified from transcriptome profiles of renal tissue from diabetic patients and unilateral ureteral obstruction mice and intersected to obtain genes that may be involved in diabetic fibrosis. Biological function analysis and protein-protein interaction network analysis were performed. ROC curve and Pearson correlation analysis between hub genes were performed and glomerular filtration rate estimated. Finally, the RNA levels of hub genes were measured using real-time PCR. A total of 283 genes were identified as potentially involved in diabetic nephropathy fibrosis. TYROBP, CTSS, LCP2, LUM and TLR7 were identified as aberrantly expressed hub genes. Immune cell infiltration analysis demonstrated higher numbers of cytotoxic lymphocytes, B lineage cells, monocyte lineage cells, myeloid dendritic cells, neutrophils, and fibroblasts in the diabetic nephropathy group. The areas under ROC curves for TYROBP, CTSS, LCP2, LUM and TLR7 were 0.9167, 0.9583, 0.9917, 0.93333, and 0.9583, respectively (P < 0.001), and their correlation coefficients with estimated glomerular filtration rate were - 0.8332, - 0.752, - 0.7875, - 0.7567, and - 0.7136, respectively (P < 0.001). The RNA levels of TYROBP, CTSS, LUM and TLR7 were upregulated in high-glucose-treated human renal tubular epithelial cells (P < 0.005). Our study identified TYROBP, CTSS, LCP2, LUM and TLR7 as potentially involved in diabetic nephropathy fibrosis. Furthermore, TYROBP, CTSS, LUM and TLR7 may be associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition of tubular epithelial cells.
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Ahmed I, Ziab M, Da’as S, Hasan W, Jeya SP, Aliyev E, Nisar S, Bhat AA, Fakhro KA, Alshabeeb Akil AS. Network-based identification and prioritization of key transcriptional factors of diabetic kidney disease. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:716-730. [PMID: 36659918 PMCID: PMC9827363 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.12.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most established microvascular complications of diabetes and a key cause of end-stage renal disease. It is well established that gene susceptibility to DN plays a critical role in disease pathophysiology. Therefore, many genetic studies have been performed to categorize candidate genes in prominent diabetic cohorts, aiming to investigate DN pathogenesis and etiology. In this study, we performed a meta-analysis on the expression profiles of GSE1009, GSE30122, GSE96804, GSE99340, GSE104948, GSE104954, and GSE111154 to identify critical transcriptional factors associated with DN progression. The analysis was conducted for all individual datasets for each kidney tissue (glomerulus, tubules, and kidney cortex). We identified distinct clusters of susceptibility genes that were dysregulated in a renal compartment-specific pattern. Further, we recognized a small but a closely connected set of these susceptibility genes enriched for podocyte differentiation, several of which were characterized as genes encoding critical transcriptional factors (TFs) involved in DN development and podocyte function. To validate the role of identified TFs in DN progression, we functionally validated the three main TFs (DACH1, LMX1B, and WT1) identified through differential gene expression and network analysis using the hyperglycemic zebrafish model. We report that hyperglycemia-induced altered gene expression of the key TF genes leads to morphological abnormalities in zebrafish glomeruli, pronephric tubules, proximal and distal ducts. This study demonstrated that altered expression of these TF genes could be associated with hyperglycemia-induced nephropathy and, thus, aids in understanding the molecular drivers, essential genes, and pathways that trigger DN initiation and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikhlak Ahmed
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes Prevention, Precision Medicine Program, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mubarak Ziab
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes Prevention, Precision Medicine Program, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sahar Da’as
- Zebrafish Functional Genomics, Integrated Genomic Services Core Facility, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar,College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, P.O. Box 34110, Doha, Qatar,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Waseem Hasan
- Zebrafish Functional Genomics, Integrated Genomic Services Core Facility, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sujitha P. Jeya
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes Prevention, Precision Medicine Program, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Elbay Aliyev
- Human Genetics Department, Laboratory of Genomic Medicine-Precision Medicine Program, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sabah Nisar
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes Prevention, Precision Medicine Program, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ajaz A. Bhat
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes Prevention, Precision Medicine Program, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Khalid Adnan Fakhro
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes Prevention, Precision Medicine Program, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar,College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, P.O. Box 34110, Doha, Qatar,Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar,Human Genetics Department, Laboratory of Genomic Medicine-Precision Medicine Program, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ammira S. Alshabeeb Akil
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes Prevention, Precision Medicine Program, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar,Human Genetics Department, Laboratory of Genomic Medicine-Precision Medicine Program, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar,Correspondence to: Precision Medicine of Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Research Program, Human Genetics Department, Sidra Medicine, PO Box 26999, Doha, Qatar.
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Yuchen C, Hejia Z, Fanke M, Qixin D, Liyang C, Xi G, Yanxia C, Xiongyi Y, Zhuohang X, Guoguo Y, Min F. Exploring the shared molecular mechanism of microvascular and macrovascular complications in diabetes: Seeking the hub of circulatory system injury. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1032015. [PMID: 36755923 PMCID: PMC9899888 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1032015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microvascular complications, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic nephropathy (DN), and macrovascular complications, referring to atherosclerosis (AS), are the main complications of diabetes. Blindness or fatal microvascular diseases are considered to be identified earlier than fatal macrovascular complications. Exploring the intrinsic relationship between microvascular and macrovascular complications and the hub of pathogenesis is of vital importance for prolonging the life span of patients with diabetes and improving the quality of life. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression profiles of GSE28829, GSE30529, GSE146615 and GSE134998 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, which contained 29 atherosclerotic plaque samples, including 16 AS samples and 13 normal controls; 22 renal glomeruli and tubules samples from diabetes nephropathy including 12 DN samples and 10 normal controls; 73 lymphoblastoid cell line samples, including 52 DR samples and 21 normal controls. The microarray datasets were consolidated and DEGs were acquired and further analyzed by bioinformatics techniques including GSEA analysis, GO-KEGG functional clustering by R (version 4.0.5), PPI analysis by Cytoscape (version 3.8.2) and String database, miRNA analysis by Diana database, and hub genes analysis by Metascape database. The drug sensitivity of characteristic DEGs was analyzed. RESULT A total of 3709, 4185 and 8086 DEGs were recognized in AS, DN, DR, respectively, with 1820, 1666, 888 upregulated and 1889, 2519, 7198 downregulated. GO and KEGG pathway analyses of DEGs and GSEA analysis of common differential genes demonstrated that these significant sites focused primarily on inflammation-oxidative stress and immune regulation pathways. PPI networks show the connection and regulation on top-250 significant sites of AS, DN, DR. MiRNA analysis explored the non-coding RNA upstream regulation network and significant pathway in AS, DN, DR. The joint analysis of multiple diseases shows the common influenced pathways of AS, DN, DR and explored the interaction between top-1000 DEGs at the same time. CONCLUSION In the microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes, immune-mediated inflammatory response, chronic inflammation caused by endothelial cell activation and oxidative stress are the three links linking atherosclerosis, diabetes retinopathy and diabetes nephropathy together. Our study has clarified the intrinsic relationship and common tissue damage mechanism of microcirculation and circulatory system complications in diabetes, and explored the mechanism center of these two vascular complications. It has far-reaching clinical and social value for reducing the incidence of fatal events and early controlling the progress of disabling and fatal circulatory complications in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cao Yuchen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Clinical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Hejia
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Fanke
- The Second Clinical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Emergency, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Deng Qixin
- Department of nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cai Liyang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Clinical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guo Xi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Yanxia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Clinical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Xiongyi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Clinical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xie Zhuohang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Clinical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Guoguo
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Fu Min, ; Yi Guoguo,
| | - Fu Min
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Clinical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Fu Min, ; Yi Guoguo,
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Adeva-Andany MM, Adeva-Contreras L, Fernández-Fernández C, Carneiro-Freire N, Domínguez-Montero A. Histological Manifestations of Diabetic Kidney Disease and its Relationship with Insulin Resistance. Curr Diabetes Rev 2023; 19:50-70. [PMID: 35346008 DOI: 10.2174/1573399818666220328145046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Histological manifestations of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) include mesangiolysis, mesangial matrix expansion, mesangial cell proliferation, thickening of the glomerular basement membrane, podocyte loss, foot process effacement, and hyalinosis of the glomerular arterioles, interstitial fibrosis, and tubular atrophy. Glomerulomegaly is a typical finding. Histological features of DKD may occur in the absence of clinical manifestations, having been documented in patients with normal urinary albumin excretion and normal glomerular filtration rate. Furthermore, the histological picture progresses over time, while clinical data may remain normal. Conversely, histological lesions of DKD improve with metabolic normalization following effective pancreas transplantation. Insulin resistance has been associated with the clinical manifestations of DKD (nephromegaly, glomerular hyperfiltration, albuminuria, and kidney failure). Likewise, insulin resistance may underlie the histological manifestations of DKD. Morphological changes of DKD are absent in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes patients (with no insulin resistance) but appear afterward when insulin resistance develops. In contrast, structural lesions of DKD are typically present before the clinical diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. Several heterogeneous conditions that share the occurrence of insulin resistance, such as aging, obesity, acromegaly, lipodystrophy, cystic fibrosis, insulin receptor dysfunction, and Alström syndrome, also share both clinical and structural manifestations of kidney disease, including glomerulomegaly and other features of DKD, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and C3 glomerulopathy, which might be ascribed to the reduction in the synthesis of factor H binding sites (such as heparan sulfate) that leads to uncontrolled complement activation. Alström syndrome patients show systemic interstitial fibrosis markedly similar to that present in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- María M Adeva-Andany
- Internal Medicine Department, Nephrology Division, Hospital General Juan Cardona c/ Pardo Bazán s/n, 15406 Ferrol, Spain
| | - Lucía Adeva-Contreras
- University of Santiago de Compostela Medical School, Santiago de Compostela, Acoruna, Spain
| | - Carlos Fernández-Fernández
- Internal Medicine Department, Nephrology Division, Hospital General Juan Cardona c/ Pardo Bazán s/n, 15406 Ferrol, Spain
| | - Natalia Carneiro-Freire
- Internal Medicine Department, Nephrology Division, Hospital General Juan Cardona c/ Pardo Bazán s/n, 15406 Ferrol, Spain
| | - Alberto Domínguez-Montero
- Internal Medicine Department, Nephrology Division, Hospital General Juan Cardona c/ Pardo Bazán s/n, 15406 Ferrol, Spain
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84
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Li B, Zhao X, Xie W, Hong Z, Zhang Y. Integrative analyses of biomarkers and pathways for diabetic nephropathy. Front Genet 2023; 14:1128136. [PMID: 37113991 PMCID: PMC10127684 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1128136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a widespread diabetic complication and a major cause of terminal kidney disease. There is no doubt that DN is a chronic disease that imposes substantial health and economic burdens on the world's populations. By now, several important and exciting advances have been made in research on etiopathogenesis. Therefore, the genetic mechanisms underlying these effects remain unknown. Methods: The GSE30122, GSE30528, and GSE30529 microarray datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO). Analyses of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), enrichment of gene ontology (GO), the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction was completed by the STRING database. Hub genes were identified by Cytoscape software, and common hub genes were identified by taking intersection sets. The diagnostic value of common hub genes was then predicted in the GSE30529 and GSE30528 datasets. Further analysis was carried out on the modules to identify transcription factors and miRNA networks. As well, a comparative toxicogenomics database was used to assess interactions between potential key genes and diseases associated upstream of DN. Results: Samples from 19 DNs and 50 normal controls were identified in the GSE30122 dataset. 86 upregulated genes and 34 downregulated genes (a total of 120 DEGs). GO analysis showed significant enrichment in humoral immune response, protein activation cascade, complement activation, extracellular matrix, glycosaminoglycan binding, and antigen binding. KEGG analysis showed significant enrichment in complement and coagulation cascades, phagosomes, the Rap1 signaling pathway, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and infection. GSEA was mainly enriched in the TYROBP causal network, the inflammatory response pathway, chemokine receptor binding, the interferon signaling pathway, ECM receptor interaction, and the integrin 1 pathway. Meanwhile, mRNA-miRNA and mRNA-TF networks were constructed for common hub genes. Nine pivotal genes were identified by taking the intersection. After validating the expression differences and diagnostic values of the GSE30528 and GSE30529 datasets, eight pivotal genes (TYROBP, ITGB2, CD53, IL10RA, LAPTM5, CD48, C1QA, and IRF8) were finally identified as having diagnostic values. Conclusion: Pathway enrichment analysis scores provide insight into the genetic phenotype and may propose molecular mechanisms of DN. The target genes TYROBP, ITGB2, CD53, IL10RA, LAPTM5, CD48, C1QA, and IRF8 are promising new targets for DN. SPI1, HIF1A, STAT1, KLF5, RUNX1, MBD1, SP1, and WT1 may be involved in the regulatory mechanisms of DN development. Our study may provide a potential biomarker or therapeutic locus for the study of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Emergency and Critical Care Center, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Wanrun Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhen Hong
- Department of Endocrinology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Zhang,
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85
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Oropeza-Valdez JJ, Hernandez JDLCM, Jaime-Sánchez E, López-Ramos E, Lara-Ramírez EE, Hernández YL, Castañeda-Delgado JE, Moreno JAE. Transcriptome Analysis Identifies Oxidative Stress Injury Biomarkers for Diabetic Nephropathy. Arch Med Res 2023; 54:17-26. [PMID: 36564298 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2022.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy (DN) is essential for improving the prognosis and effectively manage patients affected with this disease. The standard biomarkers, including albuminuria and glomerular filtration rate, are not very precise. New molecular biomarkers are needed to more accurately identify DN and better predict disease progression. Characteristic DN biomarkers can be identified using transcriptomic analysis. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the transcriptomic profile of controls (CTRLs, n = 15), patients with prediabetes (PREDM, n = 15), patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (DM2, n = 15), and patients with DN (n = 15) by microarray analysis to find new biomarkers. RT-PCR was then used to confirm gene biomarkers specific for DN. MATERIALS AND METHODS Blood samples were used to isolate RNA for microarray expression analysis. 26,803 unique gene sequences and 30,606 LncRNA sequences were evaluated-Selected gene biomarkers for DN were validated using qPCR assays. Sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) were calculated as measures of diagnostic accuracy. RESULTS The DN transcriptome was composed of 300 induced genes, compared to CTRLs, PREDM, and DM-2 groups. RT-qPCR assays validated that METLL22, PFKL, CCNB1 and CASP2 genes were induced in the DN group compared to CTRLs, PREDM, and DM-2 groups. The ROC analysis for these four genes showed 0.9719, 0.8853, 0.8533 and 0.7748 AUC values, respectively. CONCLUSION Among induced genes in the DN group, we found that CASP2, PFKL and CCNB1 may potentially be used as biomarkers to diagnose DN. Of these, METLL22 had the highest AUC score, at 0.9719.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan José Oropeza-Valdez
- Laboratorio de Metabolómica y Proteómica, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas, México
| | | | - Elena Jaime-Sánchez
- Área de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Carretera Zacatecas-Guadalajara, Zacatecas, México
| | - Ernesto López-Ramos
- Centro de Estudios Científicos y Tecnológicos No. 18, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Zac, México
| | - Edgar E Lara-Ramírez
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología-Laboratorio de Metabolómica y Proteómica, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas, México
| | - Yamilé López Hernández
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica de Zacatecas, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Zacatecas, Zacatecas, México
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86
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Denicolò S, Nair V, Leierer J, Rudnicki M, Kretzler M, Mayer G, Ju W, Perco P. Assessment of Fibrinogen-like 2 (FGL2) in Human Chronic Kidney Disease through Transcriptomics Data Analysis. Biomolecules 2022; 13:89. [PMID: 36671474 PMCID: PMC9855364 DOI: 10.3390/biom13010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrinogen-like 2 (FGL2) was recently found to be associated with fibrosis in a mouse model of kidney damage and was proposed as a potential therapeutic target in chronic kidney disease (CKD). We assessed the association of renal FGL2 mRNA expression with the disease outcome in two independent CKD cohorts (NEPTUNE and Innsbruck CKD cohort) using Kaplan Meier survival analysis. The regulation of FGL2 in kidney biopsies of CKD patients as compared to healthy controls was further assessed in 13 human CKD transcriptomics datasets. The FGL2 protein expression in human renal tissue sections was determined via immunohistochemistry. The regulators of FGL2 mRNA expression in renal tissue were identified in the co-expression and upstream regulator analysis of FGL2-positive renal cells via the use of single-cell RNA sequencing data from the kidney precision medicine project (KPMP). Higher renal FGL2 mRNA expression was positively associated with kidney fibrosis and negatively associated with eGFR. Renal FGL2 mRNA expression was upregulated in CKD as compared with healthy controls and associated with CKD progression in the Innsbruck CKD cohort (p-value = 0.0036) and NEPTUNE cohort (p-value = 0.0048). The highest abundance of FGL2 protein in renal tissue was detected in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle and macula densa, proximal tubular cells, as well as in glomerular endothelial cells. The upstream regulator analysis identified TNF, IL1B, IFNG, NFKB1, and SP1 as factors potentially inducing FGL2-co-expressed genes, whereas factors counterbalancing FGL2-co-expressed genes included GLI1, HNF1B, or PPARGC1A. In conclusion, renal FGL2 mRNA expression is elevated in human CKD, and higher FGL2 levels are associated with fibrosis and worse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Denicolò
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Nephrology and Hypertension), Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Viji Nair
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Johannes Leierer
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Nephrology and Hypertension), Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael Rudnicki
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Nephrology and Hypertension), Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Matthias Kretzler
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Gert Mayer
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Nephrology and Hypertension), Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Wenjun Ju
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Paul Perco
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Nephrology and Hypertension), Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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87
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Identification of ferroptosis-related genes and pathways in diabetic kidney disease using bioinformatics analysis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22613. [PMID: 36585417 PMCID: PMC9803720 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26495-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a major public health issue because of its refractory nature. Ferroptosis is a newly coined programmed cell death characterized by the accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the prognostic and diagnostic value of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) and their biological mechanisms in DKD remain elusive. The gene expression profiles GSE96804, GSE30566, GSE99339 and GSE30528 were obtained and analyzed. We constructed a reliable prognostic model for DKD consisting of eight FRGs (SKIL, RASA1, YTHDC2, SON, MRPL11, HSD17B14, DUSP1 and FOS). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed that the ferroptosis-related model had predictive power with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.818. Gene functional enrichment analysis showed significant differences between the DKD and normal groups, and ferroptosis played an important role in DKD. Consensus clustering analysis showed four different ferroptosis types, and the risk score of type four was significantly higher than that of other groups. Immune infiltration analysis indicated that the expression of macrophages M2 increased significantly, while that of neutrophils and mast cells activated decreased significantly in the high-risk group. Our study identified and validated the molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis in DKD. FRGs could serve as credible diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for DKD.
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88
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Guo C, Ding Y, Yang A, Geng Y, Liu C, Zhou L, Ma L, Yang Z, Hu F, Jiang K, Cai R, Bai P, Quan M, Deng Y, Wu C, Sun Y. CHILKBP protects against podocyte injury by preserving ZO-1 expression. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 80:18. [PMID: 36564652 PMCID: PMC11072396 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04661-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Glomerular diseases afflict millions of people and impose an enormous burden on public healthcare costs worldwide. Identification of potential therapeutic targets for preventing glomerular diseases is of considerable clinical importance. CHILKBP is a focal adhesion protein and modulates a wide array of biological functions. However, little is known about the role of CHILKBP in glomerular diseases. To investigate the function of CHILKBP in maintaining the structure and function of podocytes in a physiologic setting, a mouse model (CHILKBP cKO) was generated in which CHILKBP gene was conditionally deleted in podocytes using the Cre-LoxP system. Ablation of CHILKBP in podocytes resulted in massive proteinuria and kidney failure in mice. Histologically, typical podocyte injury including podocyte loss, foot process effacement, and glomerulosclerosis was observed in CHILKBP cKO mice. Mechanistically, we identified ZO-1 as a key junctional protein that interacted with CHILKBP. Loss of CHILKBP in podocytes exhibited a significant reduction of ZO-1 expression, leading to abnormal actin organization, aberrant slit diaphragm protein expression and compromised podocyte filtration capacity. Restoration of CHILKBP or ZO-1 in CHILKBP-deficient podocytes effectively alleviated podocyte injury induced by the loss of CHILKBP in vitro and in vivo. Finally, we showed the glomerular expression of CHILKBP and ZO-1 was decreased in patients with proteinuric kidney diseases. Our findings reveal a novel signaling pathway consisting of CHILKBP and ZO-1 that plays an essential role in maintaining podocyte homeostasis and suggest novel therapeutic approaches to alleviate glomerular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Guo
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Greater Bay Biomedical InnoCenter, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yanyan Ding
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Aihua Yang
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yiqing Geng
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chengmin Liu
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Luyao Ma
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zhe Yang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Feng Hu
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ke Jiang
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Renwei Cai
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Panzhu Bai
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Meiling Quan
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yi Deng
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chuanyue Wu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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89
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Smyth LJ, Dahlström EH, Syreeni A, Kerr K, Kilner J, Doyle R, Brennan E, Nair V, Fermin D, Nelson RG, Looker HC, Wooster C, Andrews D, Anderson K, McKay GJ, Cole JB, Salem RM, Conlon PJ, Kretzler M, Hirschhorn JN, Sadlier D, Godson C, Florez JC, Forsblom C, Maxwell AP, Groop PH, Sandholm N, McKnight AJ. Epigenome-wide meta-analysis identifies DNA methylation biomarkers associated with diabetic kidney disease. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7891. [PMID: 36550108 PMCID: PMC9780337 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34963-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes affects over nine million individuals globally, with approximately 40% developing diabetic kidney disease. Emerging evidence suggests that epigenetic alterations, such as DNA methylation, are involved in diabetic kidney disease. Here we assess differences in blood-derived genome-wide DNA methylation associated with diabetic kidney disease in 1304 carefully characterised individuals with type 1 diabetes and known renal status from two cohorts in the United Kingdom-Republic of Ireland and Finland. In the meta-analysis, we identify 32 differentially methylated CpGs in diabetic kidney disease in type 1 diabetes, 18 of which are located within genes differentially expressed in kidneys or correlated with pathological traits in diabetic kidney disease. We show that methylation at 21 of the 32 CpGs predict the development of kidney failure, extending the knowledge and potentially identifying individuals at greater risk for diabetic kidney disease in type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Smyth
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Emma H Dahlström
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Syreeni
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katie Kerr
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Jill Kilner
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Ross Doyle
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eoin Brennan
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Viji Nair
- Department of Medicine-Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Damian Fermin
- Department of Pediatrics-Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Robert G Nelson
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Helen C Looker
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Christopher Wooster
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Darrell Andrews
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kerry Anderson
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Gareth J McKay
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Joanne B Cole
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rany M Salem
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Peter J Conlon
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Beaumont Hospital and Department of Medicine Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Matthias Kretzler
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Joel N Hirschhorn
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Catherine Godson
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jose C Florez
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carol Forsblom
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alexander P Maxwell
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
- Regional Nephrology Unit, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Per-Henrik Groop
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Niina Sandholm
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00290, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Amy Jayne McKnight
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
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90
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Sun ZJ, Chang DY, Chen M, Zhao MH. Deficiency of CFB attenuates renal tubulointerstitial damage by inhibiting ceramide synthesis in diabetic kidney disease. JCI Insight 2022; 7:156748. [PMID: 36546481 PMCID: PMC9869976 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.156748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests the pathogenic role of immunity and metabolism in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Herein, we aimed to investigate the effect of complement factor B (CFB) on lipid metabolism in the development of DKD. We found that in patients with diabetic nephropathy, the staining of Bb, CFB, C3a, C5a, and C5b-9 was markedly elevated in renal tubulointerstitium. Cfb-knockout diabetic mice had substantially milder tubulointerstitial injury and less ceramide biosynthesis. The in vitro study demonstrated that cytokine secretion, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, and cell apoptosis were ameliorated in HK-2 cells transfected with siRNA of CFB under high-glucose conditions. Exogenous ceramide supplementation attenuated the protective effect of CFB knockdown in HK-2 cells, while inhibiting ceramide synthases (CERS) with fumonisin B1 in CFB-overexpressing cells rescued the cell injury. CFB knockdown could downregulate the expression of NF-κB p65, which initiates the transcription of CERS3. Furthermore, C3 knockdown abolished CFB-mediated cytokine secretion, NF-κB signaling activation, and subsequently ceramide biosynthesis. Thus, CFB deficiency inhibited activation of the complement alternative pathway and attenuated kidney damage in DKD, especially tubulointerstitial injury, by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway, further blocking the transcription of CERS, which regulates the biosynthesis of ceramide. CFB may be a promising therapeutic target of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-jun Sun
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.,Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-yuan Chang
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.,Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Min Chen
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.,Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-hui Zhao
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.,Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
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91
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Mitrofanova A, Fontanella AM, Burke GW, Merscher S, Fornoni A. Mitochondrial Contribution to Inflammation in Diabetic Kidney Disease. Cells 2022; 11:3635. [PMID: 36429063 PMCID: PMC9688941 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease worldwide. Despite the burden, the factors contributing to the development and progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remain to be fully elucidated. In recent years, increasing evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction is a pathological mediator in DKD as the kidney is a highly metabolic organ rich in mitochondria. Furthermore, low grade chronic inflammation also contributes to the progression of DKD, and several inflammatory biomarkers have been reported as prognostic markers to risk-stratify patients for disease progression and all-cause mortality. Interestingly, the term "sterile inflammation" appears to be used in the context of DKD describing the development of intracellular inflammation in the absence of bacterial or viral pathogens. Therefore, a link between mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation in DKD exists and is a hot topic in both basic research and clinical investigations. This review summarizes how mitochondria contribute to sterile inflammation in renal cells in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alla Mitrofanova
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Antonio M. Fontanella
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - George W. Burke
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Sandra Merscher
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Alessia Fornoni
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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92
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Theofilis P, Sagris M, Oikonomou E, Antonopoulos AS, Siasos G, Tsioufis K, Tousoulis D. The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Novel Antidiabetic Agents. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:1829. [PMID: 36362984 PMCID: PMC9696750 DOI: 10.3390/life12111829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) has been increasing worldwide and remains one of the leading causes of atherosclerotic disease. Several antidiabetic agents have been introduced in trying to regulate glucose control levels with different mechanisms of action. These agents, and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in particular, have been endorsed by contemporary guidelines in patients with or without T2DM. Their widespread usage during the last three decades has raised awareness in the scientific community concerning their pleiotropic mechanisms of action, including their putative anti-inflammatory effect. In this review, we delve into the anti-inflammatory role and mechanism of the existing antidiabetic agents in the cardiovascular system and their potential use in other chronic sterile inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Theofilis
- 1st Cardiology Department, “Hippokration” General Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Marios Sagris
- 3rd Cardiology Department, Thoracic Diseases Hospital “Sotiria”, University of Athens Medical School, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Oikonomou
- 1st Cardiology Department, “Hippokration” General Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, 11527 Athens, Greece
- 3rd Cardiology Department, Thoracic Diseases Hospital “Sotiria”, University of Athens Medical School, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Alexios S. Antonopoulos
- 1st Cardiology Department, “Hippokration” General Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Siasos
- 1st Cardiology Department, “Hippokration” General Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, 11527 Athens, Greece
- 3rd Cardiology Department, Thoracic Diseases Hospital “Sotiria”, University of Athens Medical School, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Kostas Tsioufis
- 1st Cardiology Department, “Hippokration” General Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- 1st Cardiology Department, “Hippokration” General Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, 11527 Athens, Greece
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93
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Li Y, Lin H, Shu S, Sun Y, Lai W, Chen W, Hu Z, Peng H. Integrative transcriptome analysis reveals TEKT2 and PIAS2 involvement in diabetic nephropathy. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22592. [PMID: 36251411 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200740rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cell heterogeneity has impeded the accurate interpretation of the bulk transcriptome data from patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN). We performed an analysis by integrating bulk and single-cell transcriptome datasets to uncover novel mechanisms leading to DN, especially in the podocytes. Microdissected glomeruli and tubules transcriptome datasets were selected from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Then the consistency between datasets was evaluated. The analysis of the bulk dataset and single-nucleus RNA dataset was integrated to reveal the cell type-specific responses to DN. The candidate genes were validated in kidney tissues from DN patients and diabetic mice. We compared 4 glomerular and 4 tubular datasets and found considerable discrepancies among datasets regarding the deferentially expressed genes (DEGs), involved signaling pathways, and the hallmark enrichment profiles. Deconvolution of the bulk data revealed that the variations in cell-type proportion contributed greatly to this discrepancy. The integrative analysis uncovered that the dysregulation of spermatogenesis-related genes, including TEKT2 and PIAS2, was involved in the development of DN. Importantly, the mRNA level of TEKT2 was negatively correlated with the mRNA levels of NPHS1 (r = -.66, p < .0001) and NPHS2 (r = -.85, p < .0001) in human diabetic glomeruli. Immunostaining confirmed that the expression of TEKT2 and PIAS2 were up-regulated in podocytes of DN patients and diabetic mice. Knocking down TEKT2 resisted high glucose-induced cytoskeletal remodeling and down-regulation of NPHS1 protein in the cultured podocyte. In conclusion, the integrative strategy can help us efficiently use the publicly available transcriptomics resources. Using this approach and combining it with classical research methods, we identified TEKT2 and PIAS2, two spermatogenesis-related genes involved in the pathogenesis of DN. Furthermore, TEKT2 is involved in this pathogenesis by regulating the podocyte cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqing Li
- Nephrology Division, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongchun Lin
- Nephrology Division, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuangshuang Shu
- Nephrology Division, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxiang Sun
- Nephrology Division, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiyan Lai
- Nephrology Division, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenfang Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyong Hu
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Hui Peng
- Nephrology Division, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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94
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Chen C, Liu L, Luo J. Identification of the molecular mechanism and candidate markers for diabetic nephropathy. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:1248. [PMID: 36544633 PMCID: PMC9761143 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-5128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common complications in diabetic patients. New strategies are needed to delay the occurrence and development of this pathology. Methods Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in glomeruli and renal tubules were identified using the GSE30122 dataset, and a co-expression network was constructed to identify the hub genes of modules. The biological function and signaling pathway of the module genes were also analyzed. In addition, the expression of 24 immune cells and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) values of the hub genes were also calculated. Results A total of 1,778 DEGs were isolated from glomeruli and 1,996 DEGs were isolated from renal tubules. Nine modules and their hub genes were identified using the co-expression network. Enrichment analysis showed that the module genes were mainly enriched in immune inflammation and oxidative stress. The expressions of B cells, activated dendritic cell, and T cells in the glomeruli and renal tubules of DN patients were higher than those in the controls, and the correlation between these immune cells was the strongest. Collagen type I alpha 2 chain (COL1A2), the hub gene of the brown module, had the highest AUC values and may have a better clinical diagnostic ability. Conclusions In conclusion, the module genes and related biological functions and signaling pathways found in this study can deepen our understanding of the molecular mechanism of DN progression. COL1A2 may be a potential biomarker for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Chen
- Department of Cardiology and Endocrinology, The Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Workers' Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Liping Liu
- Department of Cardiology and Endocrinology, The Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Workers' Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Jia Luo
- Department of Cardiology and Endocrinology, The Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Workers' Hospital, Nanning, China
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95
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Tan SM, Snelson M, Østergaard JA, Coughlan MT. The Complement Pathway: New Insights into Immunometabolic Signaling in Diabetic Kidney Disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:781-801. [PMID: 34806406 PMCID: PMC9587781 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Significance: The metabolic disorder, diabetes mellitus, results in microvascular complications, including diabetic kidney disease (DKD), which is partly believe to involve disrupted energy generation in the kidney, leading to injury that is characterized by inflammation and fibrosis. An increasing body of evidence indicates that the innate immune complement system is involved in the pathogenesis of DKD; however, the precise mechanisms remain unclear. Recent Advances: Complement, traditionally thought of as the prime line of defense against microbial intrusion, has recently been recognized to regulate immunometabolism. Studies have shown that the complement activation products, Complement C5a and C3a, which are potent pro-inflammatory mediators, can mediate an array of metabolic responses in the kidney in the diabetic setting, including altered fuel utilization, disrupted mitochondrial respiratory function, and reactive oxygen species generation. In diabetes, the lectin pathway is activated via autoreactivity toward altered self-surfaces known as danger-associated molecular patterns, or via sensing altered carbohydrate and acetylation signatures. In addition, endogenous complement inhibitors can be glycated, whereas diet-derived glycated proteins can themselves promote complement activation, worsening DKD, and lending support for environmental influences as an additional avenue for propagating complement-induced inflammation and kidney injury. Critical Issues: Recent evidence indicates that conventional renoprotective agents used in DKD do not target the complement, leaving this web of inflammatory stimuli intact. Future Directions: Future studies should focus on the development of novel pharmacological agents that target the complement pathway to alleviate inflammation, oxidative stress, and kidney fibrosis, thereby reducing the burden of microvascular diseases in diabetes. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 781-801.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sih Min Tan
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Matthew Snelson
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jakob A Østergaard
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Melinda T Coughlan
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
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Bai F, Yu K, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Ding L, An X, Feng F, Sun N, Fan J, Liu L, Yang H, Yang X. Identification and validation of P4HB as a novel autophagy-related biomarker in diabetic nephropathy. Front Genet 2022; 13:965816. [PMID: 36226178 PMCID: PMC9548632 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.965816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a frequent microvascular complication of diabetes, has been recognized as a primary cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Previous studies found that autophagy of renal tubular epithelial cells plays an important role in DN pathogenesis. Our research aimed to investigate the differentially expressed autophagy-related genes (DEARGs) between DN and healthy renal tubule samples and identify a novel autophagy-related biomarker associated with tubulointerstitial injury in DN. In this study, gene expression profiles of renal tubules from 10 DN patients and 24 healthy controls in the GSE30122 dataset were analyzed, and 43 DEARGs were identified by bioinformatics analysis. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis and correlation analysis were performed on DEARGs, and the hub gene prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit beta (P4HB) was screened by protein–protein interaction and verified by utilizing other datasets and stimulating HK-2 cells under high glucose concentration. We found that the expression of P4HB in renal tubules was correlated with renal function. In summary, our research provided novel insights for comprehension of DN molecular mechanisms and identified P4HB as a novel autophagy-related biomarker of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Bai
- Department of Nephrology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Laboratory of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Kuipeng Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yanjiang Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yimeng Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lin Ding
- Department of Nephrology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xin An
- Department of Nephrology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Feng Feng
- Department of Nephrology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Nan Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiahui Fan
- Department of Nephrology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Huimin Yang
- Department of General Practice, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiangdong Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangdong Yang,
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97
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Cao H, Rao X, Jia J, Yan T, Li D. Identification of tubulointerstitial genes and ceRNA networks involved in diabetic nephropathy via integrated bioinformatics approaches. Hereditas 2022; 159:36. [PMID: 36154667 PMCID: PMC9511769 DOI: 10.1186/s41065-022-00249-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the major cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide. The mechanism of tubulointerstitial lesions in DN is not fully elucidated. This article aims to identify novel genes and clarify the molecular mechanisms for the progression of DN through integrated bioinformatics approaches. Method We downloaded microarray datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and identified the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Enrichment analyses, construction of Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network, and visualization of the co-expressed network between mRNAs and microRNAs (miRNAs) were performed. Additionally, we validated the expression of hub genes and analyzed the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve in another GEO dataset. Clinical analysis and ceRNA networks were further analyzed. Results Totally 463 DEGs were identified, and enrichment analyses demonstrated that extracellular matrix structural constituents, regulation of immune effector process, positive regulation of cytokine production, phagosome, and complement and coagulation cascades were the major enriched pathways in DN. Three hub genes (CD53, CSF2RB, and LAPTM5) were obtained, and their expression levels were validated by GEO datasets. Pearson analysis showed that these genes were negatively correlated with the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). After literature searching, the ceRNA networks among circRNAs/IncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs were constructed. The predicted RNA pathway of NEAT1/XIST-hsa-miR-155-5p/hsa-miR-486-5p-CSF2RB provides an important perspective and insights into the molecular mechanism of DN. Conclusion In conclusion, we identified three genes, namely CD53, CSF2RB, and LAPTM5, as hub genes of tubulointerstitial lesions in DN. They may be closely related to the pathogenesis of DN and the predicted RNA regulatory pathway of NEAT1/XIST-hsa-miR-155-5p/hsa-miR-486-5p-CSF2RB presents a biomarker axis to the occurrence and development of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Cao
- Department of Nephrology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Xiaosheng Rao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Junya Jia
- Department of Nephrology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Tiekun Yan
- Department of Nephrology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Nephrology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
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98
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Huang W, Chen YY, Li ZQ, He FF, Zhang C. Recent Advances in the Emerging Therapeutic Strategies for Diabetic Kidney Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810882. [PMID: 36142794 PMCID: PMC9506036 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most common causes of end-stage renal disease worldwide. The treatment of DKD is strongly associated with clinical outcomes in patients with diabetes mellitus. Traditional therapeutic strategies focus on the control of major risk factors, such as blood glucose, blood lipids, and blood pressure. Renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors have been the main therapeutic measures in the past, but the emergence of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, incretin mimetics, and endothelin-1 receptor antagonists has provided more options for the management of DKD. Simultaneously, with advances in research on the pathogenesis of DKD, some new therapies targeting renal inflammation, fibrosis, and oxidative stress have gradually entered clinical application. In addition, some recently discovered therapeutic targets and signaling pathways, mainly in preclinical and early clinical trial stages, are expected to provide benefits for patients with DKD in the future. This review summarizes the traditional treatments and emerging management options for DKD, demonstrating recent advances in the therapeutic strategies for DKD.
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99
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Sandholm N, Cole JB, Nair V, Sheng X, Liu H, Ahlqvist E, van Zuydam N, Dahlström EH, Fermin D, Smyth LJ, Salem RM, Forsblom C, Valo E, Harjutsalo V, Brennan EP, McKay GJ, Andrews D, Doyle R, Looker HC, Nelson RG, Palmer C, McKnight AJ, Godson C, Maxwell AP, Groop L, McCarthy MI, Kretzler M, Susztak K, Hirschhorn JN, Florez JC, Groop PH. Genome-wide meta-analysis and omics integration identifies novel genes associated with diabetic kidney disease. Diabetologia 2022; 65:1495-1509. [PMID: 35763030 PMCID: PMC9345823 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-022-05735-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of kidney failure and has a substantial genetic component. Our aim was to identify novel genetic factors and genes contributing to DKD by performing meta-analysis of previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on DKD and by integrating the results with renal transcriptomics datasets. METHODS We performed GWAS meta-analyses using ten phenotypic definitions of DKD, including nearly 27,000 individuals with diabetes. Meta-analysis results were integrated with estimated quantitative trait locus data from human glomerular (N=119) and tubular (N=121) samples to perform transcriptome-wide association study. We also performed gene aggregate tests to jointly test all available common genetic markers within a gene, and combined the results with various kidney omics datasets. RESULTS The meta-analysis identified a novel intronic variant (rs72831309) in the TENM2 gene associated with a lower risk of the combined chronic kidney disease (eGFR<60 ml/min per 1.73 m2) and DKD (microalbuminuria or worse) phenotype (p=9.8×10-9; although not withstanding correction for multiple testing, p>9.3×10-9). Gene-level analysis identified ten genes associated with DKD (COL20A1, DCLK1, EIF4E, PTPRN-RESP18, GPR158, INIP-SNX30, LSM14A and MFF; p<2.7×10-6). Integration of GWAS with human glomerular and tubular expression data demonstrated higher tubular AKIRIN2 gene expression in individuals with vs without DKD (p=1.1×10-6). The lead SNPs within six loci significantly altered DNA methylation of a nearby CpG site in kidneys (p<1.5×10-11). Expression of lead genes in kidney tubules or glomeruli correlated with relevant pathological phenotypes (e.g. TENM2 expression correlated positively with eGFR [p=1.6×10-8] and negatively with tubulointerstitial fibrosis [p=2.0×10-9], tubular DCLK1 expression correlated positively with fibrosis [p=7.4×10-16], and SNX30 expression correlated positively with eGFR [p=5.8×10-14] and negatively with fibrosis [p<2.0×10-16]). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Altogether, the results point to novel genes contributing to the pathogenesis of DKD. DATA AVAILABILITY The GWAS meta-analysis results can be accessed via the type 1 and type 2 diabetes (T1D and T2D, respectively) and Common Metabolic Diseases (CMD) Knowledge Portals, and downloaded on their respective download pages ( https://t1d.hugeamp.org/downloads.html ; https://t2d.hugeamp.org/downloads.html ; https://hugeamp.org/downloads.html ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Niina Sandholm
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joanne B Cole
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Viji Nair
- Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xin Sheng
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hongbo Liu
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Emma Ahlqvist
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Natalie van Zuydam
- Pat Macpherson Centre for Pharmacogenetics & Pharmacogenomics, Cardiovascular & Diabetes Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Emma H Dahlström
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Laura J Smyth
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Rany M Salem
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Carol Forsblom
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Erkka Valo
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Valma Harjutsalo
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eoin P Brennan
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gareth J McKay
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Darrell Andrews
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ross Doyle
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Helen C Looker
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Robert G Nelson
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Colin Palmer
- Pat Macpherson Centre for Pharmacogenetics & Pharmacogenomics, Cardiovascular & Diabetes Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Amy Jayne McKnight
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Catherine Godson
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alexander P Maxwell
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
- Regional Nephrology Unit, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Leif Groop
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mark I McCarthy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Katalin Susztak
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joel N Hirschhorn
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Jose C Florez
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Per-Henrik Groop
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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100
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Cao H, Rao X, Jia J, Yan T, Li D. Exploring the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease by microarray data analysis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:932205. [PMID: 36059966 PMCID: PMC9428563 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.932205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a major complication of diabetes mellitus, and the leading contributor of end-stage renal disease. Hence, insights into the molecular pathogenesis of DKD are urgently needed. The purpose of this article is to reveal the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of DKD. The microarray datasets of GSE30528 and GSE30529 were downloaded from the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to identify the common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the glomerular DKD (GDKD) and tubular DKD (TDKD), respectively. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were performed to analyze the function and pathways of the common DEGs. After constructing the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network and subnetwork analysis, three types of analyses were performed, namely, identification of hub genes, analysis of the coexpressed network, and exploration of transcription factors (TFs). Totally, 348 and 463 DEGs were identified in GDKD and TDKD, respectively. Then, 66 common DEGs (63 upregulated DEGs and three downregulated DEGs) were obtained in DKD patients. GO and KEGG pathway analyses revealed the importance of inflammation response, immune-related pathways, and extracellular matrix-related pathways, especially chemokines and cytokines, in DKD. Fifteen hub genes from the 66 common DEGs, namely, IL10RA, IRF8, LY86, C1QA, C1QB, CD53, CD1C, CTSS, CCR2, CD163, CCL5, CD48, RNASE6, CD52, and CD2 were identified. In summary, through the microarray data analysis, the common functions and hub genes greatly contribute to the elucidation of the molecular pathogenesis associated with DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Cao
- Department of Nephrology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaosheng Rao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junya Jia
- Department of Nephrology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Tiekun Yan
- Department of Nephrology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Nephrology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Dong Li,
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