51
|
García-Conde Ú, Navarro-Alarcón M, Navajas-Porras B, Hinojosa-Nogueira D, Delgado-Osorio A, Pérez-Burillo S, Pastoriza S, Navarro-Moreno M, Rufián-Henares JÁ. Total Zn of foods and bioaccesible fractions in the small and large intestine after in vitro digestion and fermentation with fecal material of healthy adults and children: Influence of culinary techniques. Food Res Int 2023; 169:112817. [PMID: 37254393 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The healthy status of human beings is associated with an appropriate nutritional status in Zn, which must firstly be bioavailable. We measured the total Zn amount and its bioaccesibility in raw foods and after cooking by common culinary techniques. These foods were submitted to an in vitro digestion and fermentation with faecal inocula from healthy adults and children to evaluate Zn bioaccesibility in the small and large intestine. Mean total Zn amount provided by foods was 8.080 μg/g. Zn amount released from food in the small intestine was significantly different among several food groups and lower in raw vegetal foods compared to cooked ones (frying, roasting and grilling; p < 0.05); the same behaviour was found in the large intestine for healthy children. Zn bioaccesibility in the large intestine varied statistically according to the subjects' idiosyncrasies, and was higher in healthy children (p < 0.05) probably due to growth demands and different composition of the colonic microbiota. In healthy adults and children, the bioaccesible fractions were 33.0 ± 20.4 % for the small intestine, 16.4 ± 22.0 and 59.6 ± 29.9% for the large one, and the non-bioaccessible ones 50.6 ± 19.9 and 7.4 ± 9.1%, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Úrsula García-Conde
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, España
| | - Miguel Navarro-Alarcón
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, España; Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, INyTA, Universidad de Granada, España.
| | - Beatriz Navajas-Porras
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, España; Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, INyTA, Universidad de Granada, España
| | - Daniel Hinojosa-Nogueira
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, España; Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, INyTA, Universidad de Granada, España
| | - Adriana Delgado-Osorio
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, España
| | - Sergio Pérez-Burillo
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, España; Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, INyTA, Universidad de Granada, España
| | - Silvia Pastoriza
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, España; Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, INyTA, Universidad de Granada, España
| | - Miguel Navarro-Moreno
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, España
| | - José-Ángel Rufián-Henares
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, España; Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, INyTA, Universidad de Granada, España; Instituto de investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Universidad de Granada, España
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Younes M, Aquilina G, Castle L, Degen G, Engel K, Fowler PJ, Frutos Fernandez MJ, Fürst P, Gürtler R, Husøy T, Manco M, Mennes W, Moldeus P, Passamonti S, Shah R, Waalkens‐Berendsen I, Wright M, Wölfle D, Dusemund B, Mortensen A, Turck D, Cheyns K, Gaffet E, Loeschner K, Mast J, Mirat M, Undas A, Barmaz S, Mech A, Rincon AM, Smeraldi C, Tard A, Gundert‐Remy U. Re-evaluation of calcium carbonate (E 170) as a food additive in foods for infants below 16 weeks of age and follow-up of its re-evaluation as food additive for uses in foods for all population groups. EFSA J 2023; 21:e08106. [PMID: 37522100 PMCID: PMC10373136 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium carbonate (E 170) was re-evaluated in 2011 by the former EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient sources added to Food (ANS). As a follow-up to this assessment, the Panel on Food Additives and Flavourings (FAF) was requested to assess the safety of calcium carbonate (E 170) for its uses as a food additive in food for infants below 16 weeks of age belonging to food category 13.1.5.1 (Dietary foods for infants for special medical purposes and special formulae for infants) and as carry over in line with Annex III, Part 5 Section B to Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008. In addition, the FAF Panel was requested to address the issues already identified during the re-evaluation of the food additive when used in food for the general population. The process involved the publication of a call for data to allow the interested business operators (IBOs) to provide the requested information to complete the risk assessment. The Panel concluded that there is no need for a numerical acceptable daily intake (ADI) for calcium carbonate and that, in principle, there are no safety concern with respect to the exposure to calcium carbonate per se at the currently reported uses and use levels in all age groups of the population, including infants below 16 weeks of age. With respect to the calcium intake resulting from the use of E 170 in food for the general population and infants < 16 weeks of age, the Panel concluded that it contributes only to a small part to the overall calcium dietary exposure. However, the unavoidable presence of aluminium in E 170 is of concern and should be addressed. In addition, the Panel concluded that the technical data provided by the IBO support further amendments of the specifications for E 170 laid down in Commission Regulation (EU) No 231/2012.
Collapse
|
53
|
Cerdá-Bernad D, Valero-Cases E, Pérez-Llamas F, Pastor JJ, Frutos MJ. Underutilized Crocus Sativus L. Flowers: A Hidden Source of Sustainable High Value-Added Ingredients. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2023:10.1007/s11130-023-01065-7. [PMID: 37389716 PMCID: PMC10363081 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-023-01065-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Crocus sativus L. is used as a spice due to its organoleptic characteristics. Only flower stigmas are used for its production, as the rest of the flower is discarded as waste. This fact represents a lack of sustainability, since around 230,000 flowers are necessary to produce 1 kg of saffron. The main aim of this study was to contribute to the valorization of Crocus sativus L. spice and its floral by-products, through the study of their nutritional value and composition, in terms of hydrophilic and lipophilic compounds, as well as their functional properties. The results showed that saffron stigmas and floral bio-residues presented high contents of fiber, and the most abundant macronutrient were the carbohydrates, followed by proteins, and a low content in fats. All samples had high concentrations of glucose, fructose, lactic and malic acids, and minerals, mainly K, Ca and Mg. Furthermore, the polyunsaturated fatty acids were predominant, being linoleic acid (C18:2n6) the most abundant. Therefore, this research provides more in-depth information about the composition of saffron stigmas and floral by-products, to be considered as promising sources for the development of functional ingredients with new applications in the food industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Débora Cerdá-Bernad
- Agro-Food Technology Department, CIAGRO-UMH, Miguel Hernández University, Orihuela, 03312, Spain
| | - Estefanía Valero-Cases
- Agro-Food Technology Department, CIAGRO-UMH, Miguel Hernández University, Orihuela, 03312, Spain
| | | | - Joaquín Julián Pastor
- Engineering Department, CIAGRO-UMH, Miguel Hernández University, Orihuela, 03312, Spain
| | - María José Frutos
- Agro-Food Technology Department, CIAGRO-UMH, Miguel Hernández University, Orihuela, 03312, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Vasquez-Rojas WV, Martín D, Fornari T, Cano MP. Brazil Nut ( Bertholletia excelsa) Beverage Processed by High-Pressure Homogenization: Changes in Main Components and Antioxidant Capacity during Cold Storage. Molecules 2023; 28:4675. [PMID: 37375230 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
High-pressure homogenization (HPH) is an emerging technology for obtaining physical and microbial stability of plant-based milks, but there is little information on the effects of this technology on the phytochemical components of the processed plant food beverage and during its cold storage. The effect of three selected HPH treatments (180 MPa/25 °C, 150 MPa/55 °C, and 50 MPa/75 °C) and pasteurization (PAS) (63 °C, 20 min) on minor lipid constituents, total proteins, phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity, and essential minerals of Brazil nut beverage (BNB) were studied. Additionally, the study of the possible changes in these constituents was carried out during cold storage at 5 °C for 21 days. The fatty acid profile (dominated by oleic acid and linoleic acid), free fatty acid content, protein, and essential minerals (notable source of Se and Cu) of the processed BNB remained almost stable to treatments (HPH and PAS). Specifically, reductions in squalene (22.7 to 26.4%) and γ-γ-tocopherol (28.4 to 36%) were observed in beverages processed via both non-thermal HPH and thermal PAS, but β-sitosterol remained unchanged. Total phenolics were reduced (24 to 30%) after both treatments, a factor that influenced the observed antioxidant capacity. The studied individual phenolics in BNB were gallic acid, catechin, epicatechin, catechin gallate, and ellagic acid, being the most abundant compounds. During cold storage (5 °C) up to 21 days, changes in the content of phytochemicals, minerals, and total proteins were not noticeable for any treated beverages, and no lipolysis processes were promoted. Therefore, after the application of HPH processing, Brazil nut beverage (BNB) maintained almost unaltered levels of bioactive compounds, essential minerals, total protein, and oxidative stability, remarkable characteristics for its potential development as a functional food.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wilson Valerio Vasquez-Rojas
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology of Foods, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana Martín
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tiziana Fornari
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Pilar Cano
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology of Foods, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Dunk D, Mulryan P, Affonso S, O'Keeffe GW, O'Keeffe M, Sullivan AM. Diet quality, sleep and quality of life in Parkinson's disease: a cross-sectional study. Ir J Med Sci 2023; 192:1371-1380. [PMID: 36056229 PMCID: PMC10250501 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-022-03144-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterised by motor and non-motor symptoms that impact quality of daily life, including diet and sleep. However, relatively little is known about dietary intake and quality in people with PD (PwP). Lifestyle factors, and how they relate to diet, are also insufficiently understood. The aims of this study were to investigate dietary intake and quality, sleep and quality of life in PwP, and to explore the relationships between these factors. METHODS Forty-five community-dwelling participants with PD (n = 45) were recruited to this cross-sectional study through the Cork Parkinson's Association, Ireland. Dietary intake was assessed using the EPIC food frequency questionnaire, and diet quality was assessed using the Healthy Diet Indicator. Dietary intakes were compared to Irish RDAs for adults > 65 years. Sleep duration and quality were subjectively measured using the PD Sleep Scale and Pittsburgh sleep quality index and objectively measured by actigraphy in a subset of participants (n = 27). QOL was measured using the validated PDQ-39 questionnaire. RESULTS Energy intake in PwP was significantly higher than that of the general population (2013 vs 1755 kcal/d, p = 0.01), despite their lower mean BMI (25.9 vs 27.7 kg/m2, p = 0.02). Intakes of carbohydrate, protein and fruits and vegetables were significantly higher in PwP compared to recommended and population intakes (all p < 0.01), but fibre intake was significantly lower than recommended (17.3 vs 25 g/d, p [Formula: see text] 0.05). Seventy-eight percent of participants had poor dietary quality, and poor sleep quality was associated with poor QOL. CONCLUSIONS Carbohydrates, protein, fruit and vegetable intakes were greater in PwP than population norms, but overall diet quality was low. Interventions to improve dietary and lifestyle factors may improve health and QOL in PwP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Dunk
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Philip Mulryan
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sean Affonso
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Gerard W O'Keeffe
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Majella O'Keeffe
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Aideen M Sullivan
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Ropero AB, Borrás F, Rodríguez M, Beltrá M. Nutritional Description of Organic and Conventional Food Products in Spain: The BADALI Project. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081876. [PMID: 37111095 PMCID: PMC10144859 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Organic food and drink is undoubtedly a growing market. Consumers perceive organic food as healthy, and nutrition claims (NCs) and fortification may add to this perception. Whether this is true is still a matter of controversy, particularly for organic food products. We present here the first comprehensive study of large samples of six specific organic food types, analysing the nutritional quality (nutrient composition and "healthiness") as well as the use of NCs and fortification. In parallel, a comparison with conventional food is also carried out. For this purpose, the Food Database of products in the Spanish market, BADALI, was used. Four cereal-based and two dairy-substitute food types were analysed. Our results show that as many as 81% of organic foods are considered "less healthy" by the Pan American Health Organization Nutrient Profile Model (PAHO-NPM). Organic foods present a slightly improved nutrient profile compared to conventional foods. However, many of the differences, though statistically significant, are nutritionally irrelevant. Organic foods use NCs very frequently, more than conventional foods, with very little micronutrient fortification. The main conclusion of this work is that consumers' perception that organic food products are healthy is unfounded from a nutritional point of view.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana B Ropero
- Institute of Bioengineering, Miguel Hernández University, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Fernando Borrás
- Department of Statistics, Mathematics and Informatics, Miguel Hernández University, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Marta Rodríguez
- Polytechnic School of Orihuela, Miguel Hernández University, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Marta Beltrá
- Institute of Bioengineering, Miguel Hernández University, 03202 Elche, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Leischner C, Marongiu L, Piotrowsky A, Niessner H, Venturelli S, Burkard M, Renner O. Relevant Membrane Transport Proteins as Possible Gatekeepers for Effective Pharmacological Ascorbate Treatment in Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040916. [PMID: 37107291 PMCID: PMC10135768 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the increasing number of newly diagnosed malignancies worldwide, therapeutic options for some tumor diseases are unfortunately still limited. Interestingly, preclinical but also some clinical data suggest that the administration of pharmacological ascorbate seems to respond well, especially in some aggressively growing tumor entities. The membrane transport and channel proteins are highly relevant for the use of pharmacological ascorbate in cancer therapy and are involved in the transfer of active substances such as ascorbate, hydrogen peroxide, and iron that predominantly must enter malignant cells to induce antiproliferative effects and especially ferroptosis. In this review, the relevant conveying proteins from cellular surfaces are presented as an integral part of the efficacy of pharmacological ascorbate, considering the already known genetic and functional features in tumor tissues. Accordingly, candidates for diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets are mentioned.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Leischner
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutritional Biochemistry, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Luigi Marongiu
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutritional Biochemistry, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine VIII, University Hospital Tuebingen, Otfried-Mueller-Straße 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Alban Piotrowsky
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutritional Biochemistry, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Heike Niessner
- Department of Dermatology, Division of Dermatooncology, University of Tuebingen, Liebermeisterstraße 25, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Sascha Venturelli
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutritional Biochemistry, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Department of Vegetative and Clinical Physiology, University of Tuebingen, Wilhelmstraße 56, 72074 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Markus Burkard
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutritional Biochemistry, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Olga Renner
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutritional Biochemistry, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Antoniazzi L, de Miranda RC, Rauber F, de Moraes MM, Afonso C, Santos C, Lopes C, Rodrigues S, Levy RB. Ultra-processed food consumption deteriorates the profile of micronutrients consumed by Portuguese adults and elderly: the UPPER project. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:1131-1141. [PMID: 36414867 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-03057-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to describe micronutrient intake according to food processing degree and to investigate the association between the dietary share of ultra-processed foods and micronutrient inadequacies in a representative sample of Portuguese adult and elderly individuals. METHODS Cross-sectional data from the National Food, Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (2015/2016) were used. Food consumption data were collected through two 24-h food recalls, and food items were classified according to the NOVA system. Linear regression models were used to assess the association between the micronutrient density and the quintiles of ultra-processed food consumption-crude and adjusted. Negative Binomial regressions were performed to measure the prevalence ratio of micronutrient inadequacy according to ultra-processed food quintiles. RESULTS For adults, all evaluated vitamins had significantly lower content in the fraction of ultra-processed foods compared to unprocessed or minimally processed foods, except vitamin B2. For the elderly, out of ten evaluated vitamins, seven presented significantly less content in ultra-processed foods compared to non-processed ones. The higher energy contribution of ultra-processed foods in adults was associated with a lower density of vitamins and minerals. This association was not observed in the elderly. For adults, compared with the first quintile of ultra-processed food consumption, the fifth quintile was positively associated with inadequate intakes of vitamin B6 (PR 1.51), vitamin C (PR 1.32), folate (PR 1.14), magnesium (PR 1.21), zinc (PR 1.33), and potassium (PR 1.19). CONCLUSION Our results corroborate the importance of public health actions that promote a reduction in the consumption of ultra-processed foods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Antoniazzi
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Dr. Arnaldo Avenue, 455, São Paulo, 01246-903, Brazil.
| | - Renata Costa de Miranda
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Dr. Arnaldo Avenue, 455, São Paulo, 01246-903, Brazil
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Rauber
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Dr. Arnaldo Avenue, 455, São Paulo, 01246-903, Brazil
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Milena Miranda de Moraes
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Associated Laboratory ITR, Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Afonso
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Associated Laboratory ITR, Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina Santos
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Associate Laboratory RISE-Health Research Network, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Lopes
- Associated Laboratory ITR, Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Rodrigues
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Associated Laboratory ITR, Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Renata Bertazzi Levy
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Dr. Arnaldo Avenue, 455, São Paulo, 01246-903, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
59
|
Diamantis DV, Katsas K, Kastorini CM, Mugford L, Dalma N, Ramizi M, Papapanagiotou O, Veloudaki A, Linos A, Kouvari M. Older People in Emergencies; Addressing Food Insecurity, Health Status and Quality of Life: Evaluating the "365+ Days of Care" Program. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5235. [PMID: 37047851 PMCID: PMC10094139 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20075235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
During emergencies, older adults stand among the most vulnerable, facing long-lasting food insecurity and overall health issues. The "365+ Days of Care" food aid program addressed food insecurity and poor quality of life among vulnerable older adults following a devastating wildfire in Greece. Our aim was to evaluate the program's efficiency, using a process evaluation framework and a partial cost-utility analysis. In total, n = 133 wildfire-hit residents (≥65 years) received daily tailored, pre-cooked meals and/or weekly food packages. The study outcomes were assessed from baseline to 12 months later. Focus groups and interviews (n = 30), researcher observations, and questionnaires were used to assess the beneficiaries' perception of the initiative. Within the 12-month follow-up period, food insecurity and malnutrition risk decreased, whereas Mediterranean diet adherence; quality of life; and physical, social, and mental health were improved (p < 0.05). A one-point increase in food insecurity was positively associated with improved quality of life, general health, limitation in activities, body pain, vitality, and pain/discomfort (p's < 0.05), and it was marginally associated with mobility, anxiety/depression, and self-evaluated health status (p's < 0.1). Quantitative and qualitative data characterized it as successful, acceptable, beneficial, and of high quality. The partial cost-utility ratio was one QALY gained per EUR 22.608. The utilization of well-designed food aid programs during emergencies can alleviate food insecurity and improve quality of life in older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios V. Diamantis
- Institute of Preventive Medicine Environmental and Occupational Health Prolepsis, 15121 Athens, Greece; (D.V.D.); (K.K.)
| | - Konstantinos Katsas
- Institute of Preventive Medicine Environmental and Occupational Health Prolepsis, 15121 Athens, Greece; (D.V.D.); (K.K.)
- Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Maria Kastorini
- Institute of Preventive Medicine Environmental and Occupational Health Prolepsis, 15121 Athens, Greece; (D.V.D.); (K.K.)
| | - Lyndsey Mugford
- Department of History of Science, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harvard College, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Nadia Dalma
- Institute of Preventive Medicine Environmental and Occupational Health Prolepsis, 15121 Athens, Greece; (D.V.D.); (K.K.)
| | - Marsellos Ramizi
- Institute of Preventive Medicine Environmental and Occupational Health Prolepsis, 15121 Athens, Greece; (D.V.D.); (K.K.)
| | - Ourania Papapanagiotou
- Institute of Preventive Medicine Environmental and Occupational Health Prolepsis, 15121 Athens, Greece; (D.V.D.); (K.K.)
| | - Afroditi Veloudaki
- Institute of Preventive Medicine Environmental and Occupational Health Prolepsis, 15121 Athens, Greece; (D.V.D.); (K.K.)
| | - Athena Linos
- Institute of Preventive Medicine Environmental and Occupational Health Prolepsis, 15121 Athens, Greece; (D.V.D.); (K.K.)
| | - Matina Kouvari
- Institute of Preventive Medicine Environmental and Occupational Health Prolepsis, 15121 Athens, Greece; (D.V.D.); (K.K.)
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- Functional Foods and Nutrition Research (FFNR) Laboratory, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT 2617, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Lyashenko S, Chileh-Chelh T, Rincón-Cervera MÁ, Lyashenko SP, Ishenko Z, Denisenko O, Karpenko V, Torres-García I, Guil-Guerrero JL. Screening of Lesser-Known Salted-Dried Fish Species for Fatty Acids, Tocols, and Squalene. Foods 2023; 12:foods12051083. [PMID: 36900601 PMCID: PMC10000464 DOI: 10.3390/foods12051083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The fillets and roes of 29 species of dry-salted fishes consumed in Eurasian countries were analyzed for fatty acids (FAs), tocols, and squalene, looking for derived health benefits. FAs were analyzed by GC-FID, and tocols and squalene were analyzed by HPLC-DAD. With some exceptions, docosahexaenoic (DHA, 22:6n-3), eicosapentaenoic (EPA, 20:5n-3), and arachidonic (ARA, 20:4n-6) acids were the prominent polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The fillets of Scardinius erythrophthalmus reached the highest amounts of total FAs, ARA, and DHA (23.1, 1.82, and 2.49 mg/100 g). The fillets of Seriola quinqueradiata showed the highest percentages of DHA (34.4% of total FAs). Nutritional quality indices for fish lipids were favorable in all samples, especially the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio, which was below 1 in most cases. α-Tocopherol was found in all fillets and roes, especially in Cyprinidae and Pleuronectidae species, and the highest value was found in the roes of Abramis brama (5.43 mg/100 g). Most samples contained tocotrienols at trace levels. The fillets of Clupeonella cultriventris contained the highest amounts of squalene (1.83 mg/100 g). Overall, dry-salted fish stand out due to their high concentrations of ARA, EPA, and DHA, as well as for α-tocopherol concentrations in roes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Lyashenko
- Food Technology Division, ceiA3, CIAMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Tarik Chileh-Chelh
- Food Technology Division, ceiA3, CIAMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Rincón-Cervera
- Food Technology Division, ceiA3, CIAMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, 7830490 Macul, Chile
| | - Svetlana P. Lyashenko
- Food Technology Division, ceiA3, CIAMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Zalina Ishenko
- Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute, Branch of Volgograd State Medical University, 357500 Pyatigorsk, Russia
| | - Oleg Denisenko
- Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute, Branch of Volgograd State Medical University, 357500 Pyatigorsk, Russia
| | - Valentina Karpenko
- Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute, Branch of Volgograd State Medical University, 357500 Pyatigorsk, Russia
| | - Irene Torres-García
- Food Technology Division, ceiA3, CIAMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - José Luis Guil-Guerrero
- Food Technology Division, ceiA3, CIAMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Tagliamonte S, De Luca L, Donato A, Paduano A, Balivo A, Genovese A, Romano R, Vitaglione P, Sacchi R. A ‘Mediterranean ice-cream’: Sensory and nutritional aspects of replacing milk cream with extra virgin olive oil. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
|
62
|
Haščík P, Čech M, Kačániová M, Herc P, Jurčaga L, Bučko O. Effect of dietary Alibernet red grape pomace application into Ross 308 broiler chickens diet on amino and fatty acids profile of breast and thigh meat. Biologia (Bratisl) 2023; 78:1-11. [PMID: 37363643 PMCID: PMC9975858 DOI: 10.1007/s11756-023-01359-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of Alibernet red grape pomace (ARGP) variety Alibernet addition into broiler chickens Ross 308 diet on the essential amino acid (AA) and fatty acid (FA) composition of their breast and thigh meat. At the beginning, 200 one-day Ross 308 broiler chickens of mixed gender were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 50). The control group (C) did not receive any additional supplementation. The feed of experimental groups was enriched with 1% ARGP per 1 kg of feed mixture (FM) (E1), with 2% ARGP per 1 kg of FM (E2) and with 3% ARGP per 1 kg of FM (E3). The FMs were produced without any antibiotics and coccidiostatics and the fattening period lasted for 42 days. Samples from breast and thigh muscle were obtained and analyzed for the content of AAs and FAs content and results were presented as g 100 g-1 of dry matter. Results revealed that AA profile of breast muscle was not significantly affected, with the most present AAs Lys and Leu. In the thigh muscle we observed significant differences in the content of Thr, Val, Met, Cys and His, namely in males. From the results of FAs profile, we can state that ARGP influenced namely monounsaturated oleic acid in breast muscle (without gender difference), which had significantly highest content (p ≤ 0.05) in all experimental groups (E1-36.05, E2-35.60 and E3-36.79 g 100 g-1) compared with the control group (31.88 g 100 g-1). Overall, it seems that selected feed supplement did not negatively influence AAs and FAs profile of chicken meat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Haščík
- Institute of Food Science, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Matej Čech
- Institute of Food Science, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Institute of Food Science, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Miroslava Kačániová
- Institute of Horticulture, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Peter Herc
- Institute of Food Science, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Lukáš Jurčaga
- Institute of Food Science, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Ondřej Bučko
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Nutrient intakes in adult and pediatric coeliac disease patients on gluten-free diet: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Nutr 2023:10.1038/s41430-023-01280-0. [PMID: 36859658 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-023-01280-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Celiac Disease (CD) continues to require a strict lifetime gluten-free diet (GFD) to maintain healthy status. Many studies have assessed the GFD nutritional adequacy in their cohorts, but an overall picture in adults and children would offer a lifetime vision to identify actionable areas of change. We aimed at assessing the nutrient intakes of adult and pediatric CD patients following a GFD diet and identifying potential areas of improvement. Systematic review was carried out across PubMed, Scopus and Scholar up to October 2022, including full-text studies that assessed the nutrient intakes of CD patients on GFD, in terms of macro- and/or micronutrients (absolute or percentage daily average). Random-effect meta-analysis and univariable meta-regression were applied to obtain pooled estimates for proportions and influencing variables on the outcome, respectively. Thirty-eight studies with a total of 2114 patients were included. Overall, the daily energy intake was 1995 (CI 1884-2106) Kcal with 47.8% (CI 45.7-49.8%) from carbohydrates, 15.5% (CI 14.8-16.2%) from proteins, and 35.8% (CI 34.5-37.0%) from fats. Of total fats, 13.2% (CI 12.4-14.0%) were saturated fats. Teenagers had the highest consumption of fats (94.9, CI 54.8-134.9 g/day), and adults presented insufficient dietary fiber intake (18.9 g, CI 16.5-21.4 g). Calcium, magnesium, and iron intakes were particularly insufficient in adolescence, whereas vitamin D was insufficient in all age groups. In conclusion, GFD may expose CD patients to high fat and low essential micronutrient intakes. Given GFD is a lifelong therapy, to prevent the occurrence of diseases (e.g. cardiovascular or bone disorders) dietary intakes need to be assessed on long-term follow-ups.
Collapse
|
64
|
Nazareth M, Pinto E, Severo M, Graça P, Lopes C, Rêgo C. Prevalence of nutritional inadequacy in children aged 12-36 months: EPACI Portugal 2012. NUTR BULL 2023; 48:101-114. [PMID: 36722373 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Adequate nutritional intake in the first years of life is crucial for future health. The purpose of this study is to assess the adequacy of nutritional intake in Portuguese toddlers. The EPACI Portugal 2012 is a cross-sectional study of a representative sample of toddlers (n = 2230), aged between 12 and 36 months. Data on diets were collected by trained interviewers. The current analysis included 853 children with full data from 3-day food diaries completed by parents/caregivers. Intakes of energy, macro- and micronutrients were estimated through Statistical Program to Assess Dietary Exposure (SPADE). Nutritional adequacy was evaluated using Dietary Reference Values established by the European Food Safety Authority. A large proportion of children exceeded the recommended energy intake. The median daily protein intake was 4.7 g/kg/day, five times more than that recommended. About 9% and 90% of the children consumed a lower proportion of energy than the lower limit of the Reference Intake range for carbohydrates and fat, respectively. Around a third consumed less fibre and magnesium and 100% less vitamin D than the recommended Adequate Intake (AI). Almost a third consumed less vitamin A than the recommended Average Requirement (AR) and 86% of the children showed excessive sodium consumption. Portuguese toddlers consumed a low proportion of energy from fat, had energy and protein intakes above the recommendations and excessive intakes of sodium, and inadequate intakes of vitamin A. Every child consumed less than the recommended AI for vitamin D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Nazareth
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina- Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Pinto
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina- Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal.,EPIUnit - Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Milton Severo
- EPIUnit/ ITR - Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health - Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,ICBAS - School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Graça
- EPIUnit/ ITR - Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health - Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Lopes
- EPIUnit/ ITR - Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health - Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Rêgo
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina- Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal.,Child and Adolescent Centre, CUF Hospital Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Poli A, Agostoni C, Visioli F. Dietary Fatty Acids and Inflammation: Focus on the n-6 Series. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054567. [PMID: 36901998 PMCID: PMC10003459 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), those belonging to the n-3 (or ω3) series, i.e., alpha-linolenic (ALA), eicosapentaenoic (EPA), and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids have been studied for decades from a pharma-nutritional viewpoint, namely in relation to cardiovascular health. More recent research is focusing on n-6 PUFAs, e.g., linoleic acid (LA), whose levels of consumption are much higher than those of n-3 and that cannot be used "pharmacologically". Perhaps because of this, the biological actions of n-6 PUFAs have not been investigated in details as those of their n-3 counterparts. However, an increasing body of evidence underscores their healthful actions on the cardiovascular system. Among the critiques to n-6 PUFAs and, particularly, LA there is the fact that they are precursors of pro-inflammatory eicosanoids. Hence, the hypothesis posits that we should reduce their intakes precisely to avoid increasing systemic, low-grade inflammation, i.e., one of the major etiological agents in degenerative diseases. In this narrative review, we address the issue of whether n-6 PUFAs are indeed pro-inflammatory, we discuss the most recent evidence of their role(s) in human health and prognosis, and we conclude that adequate intakes of n-6 fatty acids are associated with better cardiovascular health and child development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Poli
- Nutrition Foundation of Italy, 20124 Milano, Italy
| | - Carlo Agostoni
- Pediatric Area, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda—Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Visioli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy
- IMDEA-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0498276107
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Jakše B, Jakše B. A FOUR-YEAR CYCLE COMPARISON OF THE NUTRITIONAL AND CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH STATUS OF AN ELITE-LEVEL FEMALE ARTISTIC GYMNAST: CASE STUDY REPORT FROM SLOVENIA. SCIENCE OF GYMNASTICS JOURNAL 2023. [DOI: 10.52165/sgj.15.1.27-46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Regular monitoring of body composition, nutrition, health, and motor skills are crucial for further training process planning and performance progress. With the same protocol and methods, we evaluated a four-year change (2018 vs. 2022) in the nutritional and cardiovascular health status of the currently most successful elite-level adult female artistic gymnast in Slovenia. Detailed body composition and dietary intake were assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and a standardized food questionnaire FFQ. The blood lipids and safety factors, blood pressure, and serum micronutrients (e.g., B12, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and iron) status were measured. The four-year comparison showed an improved body composition status: decreased body fat mass/percentage, android fat percentage, and android/gynoid ratio, while other anthropometrical and body composition parameters remained essentially unchanged. We also measured an improvement of some and worsening of other cardiovascular health serum variables (i.e., decreased total cholesterol but increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and S-glucose), most likely due to the differences in assessed dietary intake (i.e., lower total fat, mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acid intake but higher cholesterol intake and still high free sugar and saturated fat intake, despite higher fiber). Notably, nutrient intakes that are generally of concern (fiber (borderline low intake), eicosapentaenoic omega-3 fatty acids and docosahexaenoic omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin B12 and D, calcium (borderline low intake), iron, and zinc) were within recommended ranges. However, the athlete’s vitamin E and potassium intakes were not adequate. Furthermore, in 2018, the athlete did not consume dietary supplements, while she now regularly uses several dietary supplements, including enriched plant-based protein powder, isolated vitamin B12, C, D, and iron. Moreover, the athlete had significantly lower than recommended serum levels of 25(OH)D, probably due to insufficient regular intake of vitamin D in the form of a dietary supplement (1000 IU/d). Moreover, from the micronutrient serum, phosphorus, and iron levels that deviated from the reference values in the 2018 study, in the current study, they were found to be within referenced ranges (i.e., iron status was markedly improved). This kind of screening toolbox, using valid, sensitive, and affordable methods and with rapid organizational implementation, may be a viable format for regular monitoring.
Collapse
|
67
|
Sample Preparation and Analytical Techniques in the Determination of Trace Elements in Food: A Review. Foods 2023; 12:foods12040895. [PMID: 36832970 PMCID: PMC9956155 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Every human being needs around 20 essential elements to maintain proper physiological processes. However, trace elements are classified as beneficial, essential, or toxic for living organisms. Some trace elements are considered essential elements for the human body in adequate quantities (dietary reference intakes, DRIs), while others have undetermined biological functions and are considered undesirable substances or contaminants. Pollution with trace elements is becoming a great concern since they can affect biological functions or accumulate in organs, causing adverse effects and illnesses such as cancer. These pollutants are being discarded in our soils, waters, and the food supply chain due to several anthropogenic factors. This review mainly aims to provide a clear overview of the commonly used methods and techniques in the trace element analysis of food from sample preparations, namely, ashing techniques, separation/extraction methods, and analytical techniques. Ashing is the first step in trace element analysis. Dry ashing or wet digestion using strong acids at high pressure in closed vessels are used to eliminate the organic matter. Separation and pre-concentration of elements is usually needed before proceeding with the analytical techniques to eliminate the interferences and ameliorate the detection limits.
Collapse
|
68
|
Arija V, Esteban-Figuerola P, Morales-Hidalgo P, Jardí C, Canals-Sans J. Nutrient intake and adequacy in children with autism spectrum disorder: EPINED epidemiological study. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2023; 27:371-388. [PMID: 35722960 DOI: 10.1177/13623613221098237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have a fivefold elevated risk of developing eating problems, which predisposes them to nutritional deficiencies. This study assesses nutritional intake and adequacy in children with ASD, subdiagnostic autistic symptoms and typically developing (TD) children. Preschool children with ASD and subdiagnostic symptoms had slightly lower intake of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), vitamin D and vitamin B12. Primary school children with ASD and subdiagnostic symptoms had slightly higher intake of protein, cholesterol, thiamine and niacin, and a higher percentage of obesity than children with TD. All children had a high intake in sugars, fats and saturated fatty acids; a very highly inadequate intake of vitamins (vitamins D and E), fibre, b-carotene, calcium and magnesium; and a moderately inadequate intake of vitamin C, folate and iron. However, although all children need nutrition advice, children with ASD and subdiagnostic autistic symptoms had a poorer quality diet than those with TD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Arija
- Rovira i Virgili University (URV), Spain.,Institut d'Investigació en Atenció Primària (IDIAP) Jordi Gol, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
69
|
Prades N, Varela E, Flamarique I, Deulofeu R, Baeza I. Water-soluble vitamin insufficiency, deficiency and supplementation in children and adolescents with a psychiatric disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Neurosci 2023; 26:85-107. [PMID: 35034564 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2021.2020402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Nutrition is fundamental for brain development, but relatively little is known about water-soluble vitamin (WSV) levels and the effect of supplementation on psychiatry symptoms in children and adolescents (CAD) with psychiatric disorders. Our team systematically reviewed all studies concerning WSV abnormalities or supplementation in CAD with any psychiatric disorder. We searched for original studies published between 1990 and 15/05/2020 which were not based on retrospective chart review and which included WSV blood level measurements or investigated the effect of WSV supplementation on psychiatric symptoms in psychiatric patients aged 18 or under. Forty-two articles were included, 69% of which (N = 29) examined Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), with most of these assessing folate or vitamin B12 supplementation (N = 22, 75.9% of ASD studies). Meta-analyses showed significantly lower vitamin B12 levels in ASD and ADHD patients vs. healthy controls (HC), while folate levels were higher in ADHD patients vs. HC. Most of the studies (9/10, 90%) showed a decrease in symptoms as measured by clinical scales after supplementation. There was significant heterogeneity between the studies, however many found different types of vitamin abnormalities in CAD with psychiatric disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Itziar Flamarique
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institut Clínic of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic Universitari of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Deulofeu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Centre de Diagnostic Biomèdic Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Baeza
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institut Clínic of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic Universitari of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Cerrillo I, Saralegui-Díez P, Morilla-Romero-de-la-Osa R, González de Molina M, Guzmán GI. Nutritional Analysis of the Spanish Population: A New Approach Using Public Data on Consumption. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1642. [PMID: 36674397 PMCID: PMC9867222 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Official population consumption data are frequently used to characterize the diet of countries; however, this information may not always be representative of reality. This study analyses the food consumption of the Spanish population by reconstructing the whole food chain. The results have been compared with the data provided by the National Consumption Panel to which the food losses/waste reported in the literature along the distribution chain have been added. The difference between them allowed a new calculation of the estimated food consumption that was subjected to a dietary-nutritional analysis. Most of the foods were consumed more than those officially reported (range of 5-50%). The unhealthy ratios of consumed foods and recommended servings were: meat products (Rcr = 3.6), fruits and legumes (Rcr = 0.5), and nuts (Rcr = 0.14). Caloric intake surpasses needs. The results were consistent with the data on the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Spain, as well as with the prevalence of associated diseases. To make a judgment about the quality of a country's diet, it is necessary to have reliable data on food consumption, as well as energy and nutrient intake. This study encourages other authors to implement this method to verify and quantify the possible difference between official and real consumption data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Cerrillo
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Engineering, Area of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Pablo de Olavide University, Carretera de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Alimentta, Think Tank para la Transición Alimentaria, 18320 Santa Fe, Spain
| | - Pablo Saralegui-Díez
- Alimentta, Think Tank para la Transición Alimentaria, 18320 Santa Fe, Spain
- Laboratory of the History of Agroecosystems, Pablo de Olavide University, Carretera de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Rubén Morilla-Romero-de-la-Osa
- Alimentta, Think Tank para la Transición Alimentaria, 18320 Santa Fe, Spain
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Universidad de Sevilla, 41015 Seville, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Universidad de Sevilla, 41015 Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, 41015 Seville, Spain
| | - Manuel González de Molina
- Alimentta, Think Tank para la Transición Alimentaria, 18320 Santa Fe, Spain
- Laboratory of the History of Agroecosystems, Pablo de Olavide University, Carretera de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Gloria I. Guzmán
- Alimentta, Think Tank para la Transición Alimentaria, 18320 Santa Fe, Spain
- Laboratory of the History of Agroecosystems, Pablo de Olavide University, Carretera de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Kulecka M, Fraczek B, Balabas A, Czarnowski P, Zeber-Lubecka N, Zapala B, Baginska K, Glowienka M, Szot M, Skorko M, Kluska A, Piatkowska M, Mikula M, Ostrowski J. Characteristics of the gut microbiome in esports players compared with those in physical education students and professional athletes. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1092846. [PMID: 36726816 PMCID: PMC9884692 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1092846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Esports is a category of competitive video games that, in many aspects, may be similar to traditional sports; however, the gut microbiota composition of players has not been yet studied. Materials and methods Here, we investigated the composition and function of the gut microbiota, as well as short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and amino acids, in a group of 109 well-characterized Polish male esports players. The results were compared with two reference groups: 25 endurance athletes and 36 healthy students of physical education. DNA and metabolites isolated from fecal samples were analyzed using shotgun metagenomic sequencing and mass spectrometry, respectively. Physical activity and nutritional measures were evaluated by questionnaire. Results Although anthropometric, physical activity and nutritional measures differentiated esports players from students, there were no differences in bacterial diversity, the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio, the composition of enterotype clusters, metagenome functional content, or SCFA concentrations. However, there were significant differences between esports players and students with respect to nine bacterial species and nine amino acids. By contrast, all of the above-mentioned measures differentiated professional athletes from esports players and students, with 45 bacteria differentiating professional athletes from the former and 31 from the latter. The only species differentiating all three experimental groups was Parabacteroides distasonis, showing the lowest and highest abundance in esports players and athletes, respectively. Conclusion Our study confirms the marked impact of intense exercise training on gut microbial structure and function. Differences in lifestyle and dietary habits between esports players and physical education students appear to not have a major effect on the gut microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kulecka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland,Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Fraczek
- Department of Sports Medicine and Human Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland
| | - Aneta Balabas
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Czarnowski
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland,Department of Biochemistry, Radioimmunology and Experimental Medicine, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Zeber-Lubecka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland,Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Zapala
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Baginska
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Glowienka
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Szot
- Department of Sports Dietetics, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Maciek Skorko
- Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Kluska
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Piatkowska
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Mikula
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy Ostrowski
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland,Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland,*Correspondence: Jerzy Ostrowski ✉
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Salas-González MD, Lozano-Estevan MDC, Aparicio A, Bermejo LM, Loria-Kohen V, Ortega RM, López-Sobaler AM. Breakfast Quality and Insulin Resistance in Spanish Schoolchildren: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1181. [PMID: 36673935 PMCID: PMC9859171 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Background: Breakfast has traditionally been considered one of the most important meals of the day; however, there is little evidence for the influence of breakfast quality and insulin resistance (IR). This study aimed to assess the quality of breakfast in a group of schoolchildren, and its association with IR. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 852 children (8−13 years) was carried out. Fasting plasma glucose, insulin and anthropometric parameters were measured. A three-day dietary record was used to assess their diet and to calculate the Breakfast Quality Index (BQI). The sample was divided into tertiles according to the BQI (tertile 3: better breakfast quality). The homeostatic model was used to assess insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and IR was defined as HOMA-IR > 3.16. Results: The prevalence of IR was 5.2%. The mean BQI score was 4.50 ± 1.25, and boys had lower scores than girls. Children in the BQI tertile 3 had a better global diet quality. In boys, being in the BQI tertile 3 was associated with a lower risk of IR (OR [95% CI]: 0.10 [0.01−0.77], p < 0.05). Conclusions: A higher-quality breakfast was associated with better overall diet quality and a lower risk of IR, especially in boys.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Dolores Salas-González
- VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María del Carmen Lozano-Estevan
- VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aránzazu Aparicio
- VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- IdISSC, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura M. Bermejo
- VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- IdISSC, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Viviana Loria-Kohen
- VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Ortega
- VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- IdISSC, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana M. López-Sobaler
- VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- IdISSC, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Albendea P, Tres A, Rafecas M, Vichi S, Sala R, Guardiola F. Effect of Feeding Acid Oils on European Seabass Fillet Lipid Composition, Oxidative Stability, Color, and Sensory Acceptance. AQUACULTURE NUTRITION 2023; 2023:6415693. [PMID: 36860977 PMCID: PMC9973161 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6415693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Acid oils (AO) are fat by-products of edible oil refining with a high energetic value, being an interesting option for a more sustainable aquaculture nutrition. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the partial replacement of fish oil (FO) in diets by two AO instead of crude vegetable oils on the lipid composition, lipid oxidation and quality of fresh European seabass fillets, and after their commercial refrigerated storage for 6 days. Fish were fed with five different diets, the added fat being FO (100%) or a blend of FO (25%) and another fat (75%): crude soybean oil (SO), soybean-sunflower acid oil (SAO), crude olive pomace oil (OPO), or olive pomace acid oil (OPAO). Fresh and refrigerated fillets were assessed for fatty acid profile, tocopherol (T) and tocotrienol (T3) composition, lipid oxidative stability, 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value, volatile compound content, color, and sensory acceptance. Refrigerated storage did not affect T + T3 total content but increased secondary oxidation products (TBA values and volatile compound contents) in fillets from all diets. The FO substitution decreased EPA and DHA and increased T and T3 in fish fillets, but the recommended human daily intake of EPA plus DHA could still be covered with 100 g of fish fillets. Both a higher oxidative stability and a lower TBA value were found in SO, SAO, OPO, or OPAO fillets, obtaining the greatest oxidative stability in OPO and OPAO fillets. Sensory acceptance was not affected by the diet or the refrigerated storage, while the differences found in color parameters would not be perceived by the human eye. According to the oxidative stability and acceptability of flesh, SAO and OPAO are adequate replacements of FO as energy source in European seabass diets, which implies that these by-products can be upcycled, improving the environmental and economical sustainability of aquaculture production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Albendea
- Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy Department-XIA, Campus de l'Alimentació Torribera, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av Prat de la Riba, 171., 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av Prat de la Riba, 171., 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Alba Tres
- Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy Department-XIA, Campus de l'Alimentació Torribera, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av Prat de la Riba, 171., 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av Prat de la Riba, 171., 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Magdalena Rafecas
- Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy Department-XIA, Campus de l'Alimentació Torribera, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av Prat de la Riba, 171., 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy Department-XIA, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av Joan XXIII, 27-31., 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stefania Vichi
- Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy Department-XIA, Campus de l'Alimentació Torribera, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av Prat de la Riba, 171., 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av Prat de la Riba, 171., 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Roser Sala
- Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service (SNiBA), Animal and Food Science Department, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Travessera dels Turons., 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Francesc Guardiola
- Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy Department-XIA, Campus de l'Alimentació Torribera, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av Prat de la Riba, 171., 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av Prat de la Riba, 171., 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
The revised Healthy Purchase Index (r-HPI): a validated tool for exploring the nutritional quality of household food purchases. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:363-377. [PMID: 36029328 PMCID: PMC9899728 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02962-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Healthy Purchase Index (HPI) assesses the nutritional quality of food purchases (FP) from food group expenditure shares only. However, it was developed from the FP of a disadvantaged population. OBJECTIVE To adapt and validate the HPI for a general population. METHODS FP were obtained from a representative sample of French households (Kantar WorldPanel) subdivided into two subsamples. The first sample (n = 4375) was used to adapt and validate the score; the second sample (n = 2188) was used to test external validity. The revised-HPI (r-HPI) includes 2 subscores: the diversity subscore and the quality subscore. Diversity subscore points were awarded when expenditure shares were above the 25th percentile for 5 food groups ("Fruits", "Vegetables", "Starches", "Dairy", "Meat, Fish and Eggs"). Regression models between the expenditure shares of each food group and the Mean Adequacy Ratio (MAR) and the Mean Excess Ratio (MER) of FP were used to select quality subscore components and define cut-offs for point allocation. Construct validity was assessed on the first sample using Spearman's correlations between the r-HPI and the four nutritional quality indicators (NRF9.3, MAR, MER, energy density), and also by comparing the r-HPI of monthly FP of sub-populations defined by criteria known to influence diet quality (age, gender, income, education) and between households having a monthly food basket of higher (MAR > median and MER and energy density < median) vs. lower nutritional quality within the population, using Wilcoxon tests or pairwise comparisons of contrasts. External validity was tested by performing the same analyses on the 2nd sample of 2188 households. RESULTS The adaptation led to include new components (e.g. red meat) and define new cut-offs (e.g. - 1 point when budget share for red meat > 21%). The r-HPI (mean = 6.50 ± 3.58) was strongly correlated with NRF9.3, MAR, MER and energy density (0.59, 0.52, - 0.41 and - 0.65, respectively, p < 0.01) and poorly correlated with total energy content (- 0.096, p < 0.001). The r-HPI was significantly higher in women (β = 1.41 [0.20], p < 0.01), households having a food basket of higher nutritional quality (β = 4.15 [0.11], p < 0.001), and increased significantly with age, income and education levels. Similar results were obtained in the 2nd sample. CONCLUSION We showed the validity of the r-HPI in a large sample of French households. As it does not require food quantity or nutrient content, it can be used as a valuable tool to explore FP behaviours. Cut-offs can be used in health promotion to provide nutri-economic counselling.
Collapse
|
75
|
Monteiro J, Scotti-Campos P, Pais I, Figueiredo AC, Viegas D, Reboredo F. Elemental composition, total fatty acids, soluble sugar content and essential oils of flowers and leaves of Moringa oleifera cultivated in Southern Portugal. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12647. [PMID: 36636210 PMCID: PMC9830163 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The evaluation of the elemental content of moringa leaves and flowers by Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry revealed that the leaves are a good source of some macro (Ca and K) and micronutrients (Mn) beyond the presence of important polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), essential in human nutrition. Total soluble sugars prevail in the flowers which may be linked to insect attraction and the pollination process. M. oleifera leaves, flowers and seeds essential oils (EOs) were isolated by hydrodistillation. Gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (GC-MS) showed EOs dominated by alkanes and fatty acids in diverse ratios in the analyzed plant parts. The nutritional characterization of M. oleifera cultivated in Portugal showed some important nutrients to human physiology. Further studies will allow determining if its consumption may overcome the nutritional imbalances of daily modern households, preventing the emergence of hypertension and diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josélia Monteiro
- Departamento de Ciências da Terra, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516, Monte da Caparica, Portugal
| | - Paula Scotti-Campos
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P., Quinta do Marquês, Av. República, 2784-505, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Isabel Pais
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P., Quinta do Marquês, Av. República, 2784-505, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - A. Cristina Figueiredo
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar Lisboa (CESAM Lisboa), Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Biotecnologia Vegetal (CBV), DBV, C2, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Dulce Viegas
- Quinta Chão Freixo, Estrada Nacional 245, painel EN 245, Cx 50, 7470-275, Sousel, Portugal
| | - Fernando Reboredo
- Departamento de Ciências da Terra, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516, Monte da Caparica, Portugal,GeoBioTec, Departamento de Ciências da Terra, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516, Monte da Caparica, Portugal,Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Karachaliou A, Yannakoulia M, Bletsa M, Mantzaris GJ, Archavlis E, Karampekos G, Tzouvala M, Bamias G, Kokkotis G, Kontogianni MD. Assessment of Dietary Adequacy and Quality in a Sample of Patients with Crohn's Disease. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245254. [PMID: 36558412 PMCID: PMC9780994 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Both under-and over-nutrition are prevalent in patients with Crohn's Disease (CD). The aim of the present study was to evaluate dietary intake and compare it with relevant recommendations during active disease and remission, also taking into consideration the adequacy of energy reporting. Dietary quality was assessed through adherence to the Mediterranean diet and to the European dietary guidelines for cardiovascular disease prevention (CVD-score). Malnutrition was diagnosed with the GLIM criteria. There were 237 patients evaluated (54.9% males, 41.3 ± 14.1 years and 37.6% with active disease). In the total sample, high prevalence of overweight/obesity (61.6%) and low prevalence of malnutrition (11.4%) were observed, whereas 25.5% reported low protein intake in the sub-sample of adequate energy reporters. The mean MedDietScore was 28.0 ± 5.5 and the mean CVD-score was 5.25 ± 1.36, both reflecting moderate dietary quality. Patients with active disease reported higher prevalence of low protein intake, lower carbohydrate, fibers, fruits, vegetables, legumes, and sweets consumption and a lower MedDietScore compared to patients in remission. Consumption of fibers, fruits, vegetables, and legumes while in remission did not result in reaching the recommended intakes, and dietary quality was low as reflected by the MedDietScore. In conclusion, both protein undernutrition and energy overconsumption were prevalent in the current sample and overall patients adhered to a moderate quality diet irrespective of disease stage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Karachaliou
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 70 El. Venizelou Avenue, 176 76 Kallithea, Greece
| | - Mary Yannakoulia
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 70 El. Venizelou Avenue, 176 76 Kallithea, Greece
| | - Maria Bletsa
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, ‘’Sotiria’’ Thoracic Diseases Hospital, 152 Mesogion Avenue, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Gerassimos J. Mantzaris
- Department of Gastroenterology, ‘’Evangelismos-Ophthalmiatreion Athinon-Polykliniki’’ General Hospital, 45–47 Ypsilantou Street, 106 76 Athens, Greece
| | - Emmanuel Archavlis
- Department of Gastroenterology, ‘’Evangelismos-Ophthalmiatreion Athinon-Polykliniki’’ General Hospital, 45–47 Ypsilantou Street, 106 76 Athens, Greece
| | - George Karampekos
- Department of Gastroenterology, ‘’Evangelismos-Ophthalmiatreion Athinon-Polykliniki’’ General Hospital, 45–47 Ypsilantou Street, 106 76 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Tzouvala
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Nikaia Piraeus “Agios Panteleimon”-General Hospital Dytikis Attikis “Agia Varvara”, 3 Dim. Mantouvalou Street, 184 54 Athens, Greece
| | - Giorgos Bamias
- GI Unit, 3rd Academic Department of Internal Medicine, “Sotiria’’ Thoracic Diseases Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 152 Mesogion Avenue, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - George Kokkotis
- GI Unit, 3rd Academic Department of Internal Medicine, “Sotiria’’ Thoracic Diseases Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 152 Mesogion Avenue, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Meropi D. Kontogianni
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 70 El. Venizelou Avenue, 176 76 Kallithea, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-210-9549359; Fax: +30-210-9549141
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Beauchesne AR, Cara KC, Krobath DM, Penkert LP, Shertukde SP, Cahoon DS, Prado B, Li R, Yao Q, Huang J, Reh T, Chung M. Vitamin D intakes and health outcomes in infants and preschool children: Summary of an evidence report. Ann Med 2022; 54:2278-2301. [PMID: 35975961 PMCID: PMC9387322 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2022.2111602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A systematic review was commissioned to support an international expert group charged to update the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO)/World Health Organisation (WHO)'s vitamin D intake recommendations for children aged 0-4 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS Multiple electronic databases were searched to capture studies published from database inception to the 2nd week of June 2020 according to key questions formulated by the FAO/WHO. Relevant studies were summarised and synthesised by key questions and by health outcomes using the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. RESULTS The 146 included studies examined the effects of different vitamin D intake levels on a variety of health outcomes (e.g. infectious disease, growth, neurodevelopment, rickets, and bone mineral density), and on outcomes for setting vitamin D upper limits (e.g. hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, and nephrocalcinosis). For most outcomes, the strength of evidence was low or very low. Evidence was rated moderate for the effect of daily vitamin D supplementation on raising serum 25(OH)D concentrations, and a random-effects meta-regression analysis of 28 randomised controlled trials (mostly in infants 0-12 months) showed that each 100 IU/d increase in vitamin D supplementation was associated with an average of 1.92 (95% CI 0.28, 3.56) nmol/L increase in achieved 25-hydroxy-vitaminn D (25[OH]D) concentration (n = 53 intervention arms; p = .022) with large residual heterogeneity (I2 = 99.39%). Evidence was very low on two of the upper limit outcomes - hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria. CONCLUSIONS The evidence report provided the expert group with a foundation and core set of data to begin their work to set vitamin D nutrient reference values. To move the field forward, future studies should use standardised 25(OH)D assay measurements and should examine the relationship between long-term vitamin D status and health outcomes.Key MessagesResults of a large complex systematic review suggest the current totality of evidence from trials and prospective observational studies do not reach sufficient certainty level to support a causal relationship between vitamin D intake and asthma, wheeze, eczema, infectious diseases, or rickets (most trials reported no rickets) in generally healthy infants and young children.In this systematic review, the only body of evidence that reached a moderate level of certainty was regarding the effect of daily vitamin D supplementation (vitamin D3 or D2 supplements to infants/children) on increasing serum 25(OH)D concentrations. However, currently there is no consensus on the definitions of vitamin D status, e.g. deficiency, insufficiency, sufficiency and toxicity, based on serum 25(OH)D concentrations.This systematic review provided an international expert group a foundation and core set of data through intake-response modelling to help set vitamin D nutrient reference values for infants and children up to 4 years of age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kelly Copeland Cara
- School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Danielle M Krobath
- School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Laura Paige Penkert
- School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shruti P Shertukde
- School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Danielle S Cahoon
- School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Belen Prado
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ruogu Li
- School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Qisi Yao
- School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jing Huang
- School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tee Reh
- School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mei Chung
- School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Bruno E, Lupi FR, Mammolenti D, Mileti O, Baldino N, Gabriele D. Emulgels Structured with Dietary Fiber for Food Uses: A Rheological Model. Foods 2022; 11:foods11233866. [PMID: 36496676 PMCID: PMC9736285 DOI: 10.3390/foods11233866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Emulgels are biphasic emulsified systems in which the continuous phase is structured with a specific gelling agent. In this work, a rheological and microscopic investigation of O/W emulgels prepared by structuring the aqueous (continuous) phase with citrus fiber was carried out with the aim of designing their macroscopic properties for food uses and predicting their characteristics with a rheological model. According to previous investigations, fiber suspensions behave as "particle gels" and, consequently, the derived emulgels' properties are strongly dependent on the fiber concentration and on process conditions adopted to produce them. Therefore, a rotor-stator system was used to prepare emulgels with increasing fiber content and with different levels of energy and power used for mixing delivered to the materials. An investigation of particle gels was then carried out, fixing the operating process conditions according to emulgel results. Furthermore, the effect of the dispersed (oil) phase volume fraction was varied and a modified semi-empirical Palierne model was proposed with the aim of optimizing a correlation between rheological properties and formulation parameters, fixing the process conditions.
Collapse
|
79
|
Trius-Soler M, Tresserra-Rimbau A, Moreno JJ, Peris P, Estruch R, Lamuela-Raventós RM. Effect of moderate beer consumption (with and without ethanol) on osteoporosis in early postmenopausal women: Results of a pilot parallel clinical trial. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1014140. [DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1014140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionOsteoporosis is a chronic progressive bone disease characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) and micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue, leading to an increase in bone fragility and the risk of fractures. A well-known risk factor for bone loss is postmenopausal status. Beer may have a protective effect against osteoporosis associated with its content of silicon, polyphenols, iso-α-acids and ethanol, and its moderate consumption may therefore help to reduce bone loss in postmenopausal women.MethodsAccordingly, a 2-year controlled clinical intervention study was conducted to evaluate if a moderate daily intake of beer with (AB) or without alcohol (NAB) could have beneficial effects on bone tissue. A total of 31 postmenopausal women were assigned to three study groups: 15 were administered AB (330 mL/day) and six, NAB (660 mL/day), whereas, the 10 in the control group refrained from consuming alcohol, NAB, and hop-related products. At baseline and subsequent assessment visits, samples of plasma and urine were taken to analyze biochemical parameters, and data on medical history, diet, and exercise were collected. BMD and the trabecular bone score (TBS) were determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Markers of bone formation (bone alkaline phosphatase [BAP] and N-propeptide of type I collagen [PINP]) and bone resorption (N-telopeptide of type I collagen [NTX] and C-telopeptide of type I collagen [CTX]) were determined annually.ResultsBone formation markers had increased in the AB and NAB groups compared to the control after the 2-year intervention. However, the evolution of BMD and TBS did not differ among the three groups throughout the study period.DiscussionTherefore, according to the findings of this pilot study, moderate beer intake does not seem to have a protective effect against bone loss in early post-menopausal women.
Collapse
|
80
|
The Dietary Inflammatory Index Is Associated with Subclinical Mastitis in Lactating European Women. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224719. [PMID: 36432405 PMCID: PMC9696022 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Subclinical mastitis (SCM) is an inflammatory state of the lactating mammary gland, which is asymptomatic and may have negative consequences for child growth. The objectives of this study were to: (1) test the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) and SCM and (2) assess the differences in nutrient intakes between women without SCM and those with SCM. One hundred and seventy-seven women with available data on human milk (HM) sodium potassium ratio (Na:K) and dietary intake data were included for analysis. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association between nutrient intake and the DII score in relation to SCM. Women without SCM had a lower median DII score (0.60) than women with moderate (1.12) or severe (1.74) SCM (p < 0.01). A one-unit increase in DII was associated with about 41% increased odds of having SCM, adjusting for country and mode of delivery, p = 0.001. Women with SCM had lower mean intakes of several anti-inflammatory nutrients. We show for the first time exploratory evidence that SCM may be associated with a pro-inflammatory diet and women with SCM have lower intakes of several antioxidant and anti-inflammatory nutrients.
Collapse
|
81
|
Lecorguillé M, Camier A, Kadawathagedara M. Weight Changes, Nutritional Intake, Food Contaminants, and Supplements in Women of Childbearing Age, including Pregnant Women: Guidelines for Interventions during the Perinatal Period from the French National College of Midwives. J Midwifery Womens Health 2022; 67 Suppl 1:S135-S148. [PMID: 36480662 DOI: 10.1111/jmwh.13423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Adequate maternal nutrition is crucial for a healthy pregnancy and optimal fetal growth. Many women in France of childbearing age start their pregnancy in an unfavorable nutritional status. Recent studies highlight the value of paying attention to weight issues from the preconceptional period. It is important to call attention to the need for folate supplementation and to promote a varied and balanced diet throughout pregnancy to cover essential nutritional needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Aurore Camier
- Université de Paris, CRESS, INSERM, INRAE, Paris, F-75004, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
82
|
Comparative Analysis of Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) Content in Mother's Milk of Term and Preterm Mothers. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14214595. [PMID: 36364856 PMCID: PMC9654769 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives and Study: Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) plays an essential role in infants’ development. Maternal diet and breastmilk are the primary DHA sources for newborns. This single-center observational study aimed to compare the DHA content in mother’s milk of preterm mothers with that of term ones, and to investigate the changes in mother’s milk DHA content according to the week of the gestational age. Methods: A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was submitted to each mother to estimate the DHA intake during the last trimester of pregnancy, and the mother’s milk was collected between 24 and 96 h post-partum. Results: Women who gave birth prematurely showed a lower content of mother’s milk DHA than the term ones (0.51; IQR 0.38−0.6% FA vs. 0.71; IQR 0.52−0.95% FA; p = 0.001). In the multivariate linear regression analyses, for each additional week of gestational age, there was an increase in DHA content in the mother’s milk (0.046% FA; CI 95% 0.018−0.074; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Our results suggest that breast milk may not be sufficient to fully satisfy the recommended DHA intake in preterm infants. This study may represent a starting point to investigate new possible DHA supplementation strategies, especially for the late and moderate preterm infants.
Collapse
|
83
|
Rodrigues MJ, Custódio L, Mecha D, Zengin G, Cziáky Z, Sotkó G, Pereira CG. Nutritional and Phyto-Therapeutic Value of the Halophyte Cladium mariscus L. (Pohl.): A Special Focus on Seeds. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2910. [PMID: 36365362 PMCID: PMC9657221 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This work searched for the phyto-therapeutic potential and nutritional value of seeds from the halophyte Cladium mariscus L. (Pohl.), aiming at its use as a source of bioactive ingredients for the food industry. Hence, the nutritional profile, including minerals, of seeds biomass was determined; food-grade samples were prepared, and their phytochemical fingerprinting assessed. Extracts were evaluated for in vitro antioxidant potential, inhibitory capacity towards enzymes related to neuroprotection, diabetes, and hyperpigmentation, and anti-inflammatory properties, along with a toxicological assessment. Sawgrass seeds can be considered a proper nutritional source with a good supply of minerals. All extracts had a high level of total phenolics (65.3−394.4 mg GAE/g DW) and showed a chemically rich and diverse profile of metabolites that have several biological properties described (e.g., antioxidant, anti-inflammatory). Extracts had no significant toxicity (cell viabilities > 80%) and were overall strong antioxidants (particularly at radical scavenging and reducing iron), effective tyrosinase inhibitors (55−71 mg KAE/g DW), showed anti-inflammatory properties (30−60% NO decrease), and had moderate capacity to inhibit enzymes related to neuroprotection (AChE 3.7−4.2, BChE 4.3−6.0 mg GALE/g DW) and diabetes (α-glucosidase 1.0−1.1, α-amylase 0.8−1.1 mmol ACAE/g). Altogether, results suggest that sawgrass seeds have the potential to be exploited as a new food product and are a reservoir of bioactive molecules with prospective applications as ingredients for value-added, functional, and/or preservative food products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria João Rodrigues
- Centre of Marine Sciences CCMAR, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Campus of Gambelas, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Luísa Custódio
- Centre of Marine Sciences CCMAR, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Campus of Gambelas, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Débora Mecha
- Centre of Marine Sciences CCMAR, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Campus of Gambelas, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130 Konya, Turkey
| | - Zoltán Cziáky
- Agricultural and Molecular Research and Service Institute, University of Nyíregyháza, 4400 Nyíregyháza, Hungary
| | - Gyula Sotkó
- Sotiva Seed Ltd., 4440 Tiszavasvári, Hungary
| | - Catarina Guerreiro Pereira
- Centre of Marine Sciences CCMAR, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Campus of Gambelas, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Risso D, Kaczmarczyk M, Laurie I, Mah E, Blonquist TM, Derrig L, Karnik K. Moderate intakes of soluble corn fibre or inulin do not cause gastrointestinal discomfort and are well tolerated in healthy children. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2022; 73:1104-1115. [PMID: 36245250 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2022.2133098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the gastrointestinal (GI) tolerance of soluble corn fibre (SCF) compared with inulin in children 3-9 years old. SCF (3-8 g/d for 10d) was tolerated as well as inulin: no differences were identified in stool frequency and consistency, proportion of subjects with at least one loose stool or reporting symptoms during bowel movement. Compared to inulin, 6 g/d of SCF lowered gas severity in children aged 3-5 years old. No differences were noted for alpha and beta diversity, relative abundance of Bacteroidota, Firmicutes, Ruminococcaceae, or the Firmicutes to Bacteroidota ratio. Relative abundance of some specific strains (i.e. Anaerostipes, Bifidobacterium, Fusicatenibacter, Parabacteroides) varied depending on the fibre type and dose level. Fortification at a level of 6-8 g/d of SCF and/or inulin could help addressing the fibre gap without any GI discomfort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Eunice Mah
- Biofortis Research, Inc., Addison, IL, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
85
|
Hearing Function and Nutritional Status in Aviation Pilots from Spain Exposed to High Acoustic Damage. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204321. [PMID: 36297005 PMCID: PMC9612303 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Noise-induced hearing loss is the most frequent and preventable occupational disease. Aviation pilots are a vulnerable population, as they spend many hours exposed to noise pollution in their working environment. Different studies suggest that certain dietary compounds may play a key role in the etiology and prevention of this pathology. We aimed to study the relationship linking auditory function, dietary intake, and some serum biomarkers in pilots, exposed to noise in the work environment. A total of 235 pilots, who undergo a periodic medical examination at the Centro de Instrucción de Medicina Aeroespacial (Madrid, SPAIN), were evaluated. Auditory function was assessed by tonal audiometry. Energy and nutrient intakes were estimated by 24 h recall (DIALTM program). Serum homocysteine (Hcy) was determined in a Cobas 6000TM multi-analyzer while folate, vitamin B12, and D were analyzed in a Cobas e411TM. The prevalence of hearing loss (HL) was 64.3%. HL was significantly related to age (r = 0.588, p ≤ 0.001) and flight hours (r = 0.283, p ≤ 0.001). A multiple linear regression model was used to assess the relationship among HL, flight hours, serum folate, and Hcy serum levels. HL was significantly (p < 0.050) associated with flight hours (β = 0.246), serum folate (β = −0.143), and serum Hcy (β = 0.227). Nutritional interventions would be of great interest to monitor and slow down the HL progression in populations exposed to noise pollution in their workplace.
Collapse
|
86
|
Escobar-Sáez D, Montero-Jiménez L, García-Herrera P, Sánchez-Mata M. Plant-based drinks for vegetarian or vegan toddlers: Nutritional evaluation of commercial products, and review of health benefits and potential concerns. Food Res Int 2022; 160:111646. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
|
87
|
Stover PJ, Field MS, Brawley HN, Angelin B, Iversen PO, Frühbeck G. Nutrition and stem cell integrity in aging. J Intern Med 2022; 292:587-603. [PMID: 35633146 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Adult stem cells (SCs) represent the regenerative capacity of organisms throughout their lifespan. The maintenance of robust SC populations capable of renewing organs and physiological systems is one hallmark of healthy aging. The local environment of SCs, referred to as the niche, includes the nutritional milieu, which is essential to maintain the quantity and quality of SCs available for renewal and regeneration. There is increased recognition that SCs have unique metabolism and conditional nutrient needs compared to fully differentiated cells. However, the contribution of SC nutrition to overall human nutritional requirements is an understudied and underappreciated area of investigation. Nutrient needs vary across the lifespan and are modified by many factors including individual health, disease, physiological states including pregnancy, age, sex, and during recovery from injury. Although current nutrition guidance is generally derived for apparently healthy populations and to prevent nutritional deficiency diseases, there are increased efforts to establish nutrient-based and food-based recommendations based on reducing chronic disease. Understanding the dynamics of SC nutritional needs throughout the life span, including the role of nutrition in extending biological age by blunting biological systems decay, is fundamental to establishing food and nutrient guidance for chronic disease reduction and health maintenance. This review summarizes a 3-day symposium of the Marabou Foundation (www.marabousymposium.org) held to examine the metabolic properties and unique nutritional needs of adult SCs and their role in healthy aging and age-related chronic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P J Stover
- Texas A&M AgriLife Institute for Advancing Health through Agriculture, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - M S Field
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - H N Brawley
- Texas A&M AgriLife Institute for Advancing Health through Agriculture, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - B Angelin
- Cardiometabolic Unit, Clinical Department of Endocrinology, and Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P O Iversen
- Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - G Frühbeck
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, CIBEROBN, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Lampova B, Doskocil I, Kourimska L, Kopec A. N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids may affect the course of COVID-19. Front Immunol 2022; 13:957518. [PMID: 36238306 PMCID: PMC9551352 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.957518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The highly infectious coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is a new coronavirus that has been spreading since late 2019 and has caused millions of deaths worldwide. COVID-19 continues to spread rapidly worldwide despite high vaccination coverage; therefore, it is crucial to focus on prevention. Most patients experience only mild symptoms of COVID-19. However, in some cases, serious complications can develop mainly due to an exaggerated immune response; that is, a so-called cytokine storm, which can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome, organ failure, or, in the worst cases, death. N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and their metabolites can modulate inflammatory responses, thus reducing the over-release of cytokines. It has been hypothesized that supplementation of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids could improve clinical outcomes in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Some clinical trials have shown that administering n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids to critically ill patients can improve their health and shorten the duration of their stay in intensive care. However, previous clinical studies have some limitations; therefore, further studies are required to confirm these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Lampova
- Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Ivo Doskocil
- Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Ivo Doskocil,
| | - Lenka Kourimska
- Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Aneta Kopec
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Technology, The University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Bernaciková M, Kumstát M, Burešová I, Kapounková K, Struhár I, Sebera M, Paludo AC. Preventing chronic fatigue in Czech young athletes: The features description of the “SmartTraining” mobile application. Front Physiol 2022; 13:919982. [PMID: 36203938 PMCID: PMC9531124 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.919982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study describes a beta version of a mobile application (app) that focuses on preventing chronic fatigue in Czech youth athletes. The first version of the SmartTraining app was developed for athletes as a way to prevent chronic fatigue via alertness and education. For alertness, a multistage process was developed using a combination of parameters about training responses, such as tiredness, well-being, heart rate, energy balance and psychological, and health-related aspects. According to the combination of the multistage parameter outcomes, the algorithm classifies the risk of fatigue based on semaphore light: green corresponds to low, yellow to moderate and red to high risk. The education presented in the app consisted of written and “animated videos” material about the variables involved in training, such as training demands and athletes’ responses, regeneration, nutrition and communication between athletes, coaches, and parents. Subsequently, a beta version of the app was created and freely available to download for Android or iOS mobile. The app can be used in daily routines to reduce the risk of chronic fatigue from inadequate training dose response. Prevention can minimise the risk of injury or physical and emotional burnout in youth. Informing athletes on how to carefully handle the training factors can improve athletes’ awareness of their performance and health status. Collaboration between sports scientists and the commercial sector allows for the efficient development of an easy-to-use and low-cost tool for use in sports settings. Future steps should be performed to validate the app’s accuracy in its alertness and in the efficiency of the educational process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Bernaciková
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Martina Bernaciková, ; Ana Carolina Paludo,
| | - Michal Kumstát
- Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Iva Burešová
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Kateřina Kapounková
- Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Ivan Struhár
- Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Martin Sebera
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Ana Carolina Paludo
- Incubator of Kinanthropology Research, Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Martina Bernaciková, ; Ana Carolina Paludo,
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Lividini K, Masters WA. Tracing global flows of bioactive compounds from farm to fork in Nutrient Balance Sheets can help guide intervention towards healthier food supplies. NATURE FOOD 2022; 3:703-715. [PMID: 36226129 PMCID: PMC7613697 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-022-00585-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Adequate supplies of healthy foods available in each country are a necessary but not sufficient condition for adequate intake by each individual. This study provides complete Nutrient Balance Sheets that account for all plant-based and animal-sourced food flows from farm production through trade to non-food uses and waste in 173 countries from 1961 to 2018. We track 36 bioactive compounds in all farm commodities recorded by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, accounting for nutrient-specific losses in processing and cooking as well as bioavailability. We compare supply to requirements given each country's age-sex distribution and find that the adequacy of food supplies has increased but often remains below total needs, with even faster rise in energy levels and lower density of some nutrients per calorie. We use this nutrient accounting to show how gaps could be filled, either from food production and trade or from selected biofortification, fortification and supplementation scenarios for nutrients of concern such as vitamin A, iron and zinc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keith Lividini
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston MA
- International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington DC
| | - William A Masters
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston MA
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Marinho AR, Severo M, Vilela S, Torres D, Oliveira A, Lopes C. Association of dietary macronutrient intake with adiposity during childhood according to sex: Findings from the generation XXI birth cohort. Pediatr Obes 2022; 17:e12916. [PMID: 35478450 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Few studies have assessed the independent and longitudinal effects of each macronutrient intake on adiposity throughout childhood. We aimed to prospectively assess the independent associations between each macronutrient intake at 4, 7, and 10 years (protein, carbohydrates, fat, and fibre) and each measure of adiposity from 7 to 10 years of age by sex. METHODS Data from the population-based birth cohort Generation XXI was used (n = 3999). At 4, 7, and 10 years old, dietary, anthropometric and sociodemographic data were collected. The dietary intake of the children was evaluated by a validated food frequency questionnaire. Age- and sex-specific body mass index z-scores (zBMI), percentage of body fat (%FM) from bio-impedance, and waist-to-hip ratio (Whr) were used as measures of adiposity. Path analysis tested the independent associations between each macronutrient intake (protein, carbohydrates, fat, and fibre) and each measure of adiposity from 7 to 10 years of age. RESULTS In fully adjusted models, an increase in energy from fibre intake at the age of 7 was associated with lower zBMI at the same age (β = -0.073; 95%CI [-0.127,-0.019]) and at 10 years (β = -0.083; 95%CI [-0.137,-0.029]). Similar results were found for %FM and Whr, and in each sex separately. At the age of 10, an increase in energy from fibre intake was associated with lower %FM and Whr, while an increase in energy from protein was associated with an increase in Whr (β = 0.061; 95%CI [0.014, 0.107]). CONCLUSIONS Our study supports the protective effect of fibre intake on adiposity development during childhood in both sexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Marinho
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal.,Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Milton Severo
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia Vilela
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Duarte Torres
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal.,Faculdade das Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Oliveira
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal.,Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Lopes
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal.,Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Budzyńska S, Siwulski M, Budka A, Kalač P, Niedzielski P, Gąsecka M, Mleczek M. Mycoremediation of Flotation Tailings with Agaricus bisporus. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8080883. [PMID: 36012872 PMCID: PMC9409750 DOI: 10.3390/jof8080883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their enzymatic and bioaccumulation faculties the use of macromycetes for the decontamination of polluted matrices seems reasonable for bioremediation. For this reason, the aim of our study was to evaluate the mycoremediation ability of Agaricus bisporus cultivated on compost mixed with flotation tailings in different quantities (1, 5, 10, 15, and 20% addition). The biomass of the fruit bodies and the content of 51 major and trace elements were determined. Cultivation of A. bisporus in compost moderately polluted with flotation tailings yielded significantly lower (the first flush) and higher (the second flush) biomass of fruit bodies, compared with the control treatment. The presence of toxic trace elements did not cause any visible adverse symptoms for A. bisporus. Increasing the addition of flotation tailings to the compost induced an elevated level of most determined elements. A significant increase in rare earth elements (both flushes) and platinum group elements (first flush only) was observed. The opposite situation was recorded for major essential elements, except for Na and Mg in A. bisporus from the second flush under the most enriched compost (20%). Nevertheless, calculated bioaccumulation factor values showed a selective accumulation capacity—limited for toxic elements (except for Ag, As, and Cd) and the effective accumulation of B, Cu, K, and Se. The obtained results confirmed that A. bisporus can be used for practical application in mycoremediation in the industry although this must be preceded by larger-scale tests. This application seems to be the most favorable for media contaminated with selected elements, whose absorption by fruiting bodies is the most efficient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Budzyńska
- Department of Chemistry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625 Poznań, Poland
| | - Marek Siwulski
- Department of Vegetable Crops, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Dąbrowskiego 159, 60-594 Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Budka
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
| | - Pavel Kalač
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia, 370 04 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Przemysław Niedzielski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Monika Gąsecka
- Department of Chemistry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625 Poznań, Poland
| | - Mirosław Mleczek
- Department of Chemistry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625 Poznań, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Jasińska-Melon E, Mojska H, Przygoda B, Stoś K. Trans Fatty Acids Content in Whole-Day Diets Intended for Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women in Gynaecological and Obstetric Wards: Findings from the Study under the “Mum’s Diet” Pilot Program in Poland. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14163360. [PMID: 36014867 PMCID: PMC9416592 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Trans fatty acids (TFAs) have been proven to have an adverse effect on human health by interfering with n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFA) synthesis. LC-PUFA n-3 are necessary for the development and maturation of the nervous system and retina during the prenatal period and infancy. TFAs are not synthesized de novo in the human body. Their presence in body fluids arises from the diet. The aim of our study was to determine the content of TFAs in individual meals and in a whole-day hospital diet intended for pregnant and breastfeeding women. Samples were collected from six different hospitals in Poland which voluntarily applied to the “Mum’s Diet” Pilot Program. The content of fatty acids, including TFAs, was determined by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The TFAs content in the whole-day hospital diets ranged from 3.86 to 8.37% of all fatty acids (% wt/wt). Food products served for elevenses and afternoon snacks contributed the highest amounts of TFAs. These mainly included dairy products containing TFAs of natural origins. The estimated average intake of TFAs with the hospital diet was 0.72 g/person/day (range: 0.34–1.16 g/person/day) and did not exceed the maximum level of 1% of dietary energy recommended by the World Health Organization.
Collapse
|
94
|
Flavanol-Rich Cocoa Supplementation Inhibits Mitochondrial Biogenesis Triggered by Exercise. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081522. [PMID: 36009241 PMCID: PMC9405215 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential role of cocoa supplementation in an exercise context remains unclear. We describe the effects of flavanol-rich cocoa supplementation during training on exercise performance and mitochondrial biogenesis. Forty-two male endurance athletes at the beginning of the training season received either 5 g of cocoa (425 mg of flavanols) or maltodextrin (control) daily for 10 weeks. Two different doses of cocoa (equivalent to 5 g and 15 g per day of cocoa for a 70 kg person) were tested in a mouse exercise training study. In the athletes, while both groups had improved exercise performance, the maximal aerobic speed increased only in the control group. A mitochondrial DNA analysis revealed that the control group responded to training by increasing the mitochondrial load whereas the cocoa group showed no increase. Oxidative stress was lower in the cocoa group than in the control group, together with lower interleukin-6 levels. In the muscle of mice receiving cocoa, we corroborated an inhibition of mitochondrial biogenesis, which might be mediated by the decrease in the expression of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2. Our study shows that supplementation with flavanol-rich cocoa during the training period inhibits mitochondrial biogenesis adaptation through the inhibition of reactive oxygen species generation without impacting exercise performance.
Collapse
|
95
|
Ferjančič B, Skrt M, Korošec M, Bertoncelj J. Comparative analysis of dietary fibre determination by AOAC 991.43 and AOAC 2011.25 for frequently consumed foods in Slovenia. Food Chem 2022; 397:133753. [PMID: 35905619 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The definition of dietary fibre was modified by Codex Alimentarius commission in 2009, and now includes low molecular weight soluble dietary fibre. This prompted the development of new methods for determination of dietary fibre, such as AOAC 2009.01 and AOAC 2011.25. We compared the dietary fibre contents of 45 different foods from six food groups, as sources of dietary fibre frequently consumed in Slovenia. Dietary fibre was determined with methods AOAC 991.43 and AOAC 2011.25, and the results were compared. Majority of results show significantly higher dietary fibres when determined using AOAC 2011.25. Differences can be explained by low molecular weight soluble dietary fibre, which is measured by AOAC 2011.25. New methods for dietary fibre determination have impacts on national food composition databases, which remain mainly based on AOAC 991.43; defining the need to update food composition databases with data that include low molecular weight soluble dietary fibre.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Blaž Ferjančič
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Food Science and Technology, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Mihaela Skrt
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Food Science and Technology, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mojca Korošec
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Food Science and Technology, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jasna Bertoncelj
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Food Science and Technology, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Mendonça NMP, Hengeveld LM, Presse N, Canhão H, Simonsick E, Kritchevsky SB, Farsijani S, Gaudreau P, Jagger C, Visser M. Protein intake, physical activity and grip strength in European and North American community-dwelling older adults: a pooled analysis of individual participant data from four longitudinal ageing cohorts. Br J Nutr 2022; 129:1-26. [PMID: 35791789 PMCID: PMC9816353 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522002033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Higher dietary protein, alone or in combination with physical activity (PA), may slow the loss of age-related muscle strength in older adults. We investigated the longitudinal relationship between protein intake and grip strength, and the interaction between protein intake and PA, using four longitudinal ageing cohorts. METHODS Individual participant data from 5584 older adults (52% women; median: 75, IQR: 71.6, 79.0 years) with up to 8.5 years (mean: 4.9, SD: 2.3 years) of follow-up from the Health ABC, NuAge, LASA and Newcastle 85+ cohorts were pooled. Baseline protein intake was assessed with food frequency questionnaires and 24h recalls and categorized into <0.8, 0.8-<1.0, 1.0-<1.2 and ≥1.2 g/kg adjusted body weight (aBW)/d. The prospective association between protein intake, its interaction with PA, and grip strength (sex- and cohort-specific) was determined using joint models (hierarchical linear mixed effects and a link function for Cox proportional hazards models). RESULTS Grip strength declined on average by 0.018 SD (95%CI: -0.026, -0.006) every year. No associations were found between protein intake, measured at baseline, and grip strength, measured prospectively, or rate of decline of grip strength in models adjusted for sociodemographic, anthropometric, lifestyle and health variables (e.g., protein intake ≥1.2 vs <0.8 g/kg aBW/d: β= -0.003, 95%CI: -0.014,0.005 SD per year). There also was no evidence of an interaction between protein intake and PA. CONCLUSIONS We failed to find evidence in this study to support the hypothesis that higher protein intake, alone or in combination with higher PA, slowed the rate of grip strength decline in older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuno M. P. Mendonça
- EpiDoC Unit, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Lisbon, Portugal
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Linda M. Hengeveld
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Health Council of the Netherlands, The Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Nancy Presse
- Research Centre on Aging, CIUSSS de l’Estrie-CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Helena Canhão
- EpiDoC Unit, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Eleanor Simonsick
- National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Samaneh Farsijani
- Center for Aging and Population Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Pierrette Gaudreau
- Department of Medicine, University of Montréal and Research Centre of the University of Montréal Hospital Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Carol Jagger
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Marjolein Visser
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Performance of Apple Pomace for Gluten-Free Bread Manufacture: Effect on Physicochemical Characteristics and Nutritional Value. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12125934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Apple pomace has been proposed as a quality enhancer for gluten-free bread, but its composition and physicochemical features differ significantly depending on the apple cultivar. The objective of this article was to characterize apple pomace powder (APP) from certain varieties from the Basque Country and to study the feasibility of adding it to gluten-free bread, focusing on physicochemical and nutritional aspects. APP was obtained by washing, drying and grinding, and it was added at 0, 5, 6 and 8%, together with other ingredients, such as gluten-free flours, corn starch and whey protein. APP had a reddish-grey coloration (L* 56.49 ± 1.39, a* 11.07 ± 0.47, b* 27.69 ± 1.76), pH 4.19 ± 0.15 and Aw 0.235 ± 0.084. Pomace powder was used successfully in higher amounts than experiences reported before. Key physicochemical parameters such as specific volume (≥2.5 cm3/g) and cohesiveness or resilience values (0.538 and 0.378, respectively) suggested good acceptability for gluten-free breads with 8% APP. Additionally, breads were a source of antioxidant potential (437.66 ± 38.95 µM DPPHeq/g APP), fiber (80.13 ± 6.07 g/100 g) and micronutrients such as Cu, Mg, Mn and Fe. In conclusion, local apple varieties are a good source of raw material for gluten-free bread manufacture, which offers a solution for environmental pollution and may contribute to boosting the circular economy.
Collapse
|
98
|
Effect of Chia Seed as Egg Replacer on Quality, Nutritional Value, and Sensory Acceptability of Sponge Cake. J FOOD QUALITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/9673074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to make a cake by incorporating chia seed flour (CSF) at 0, 3, 5, and 7% with egg replacement at 0, 25, 50, and 100%, respectively. The addition of CSF increased the total proteins, fats, and mineral contents. However, cake volume, uniformity, and symmetry were lowered significantly (
) at an elevated level (5% and 7%) of CSF. Similarly, the cake depicted relatively higher textural hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, and chewiness upon addition of CSF. The higher substitution of CSF resulted in darker crust and crumb with lower sensory acceptability by the panelists, though the 3% CSF addition did not compromise the cake acceptance. Nonetheless, there were a significant rise in total phenolics and better antioxidant activity with CSF, measured as free radical scavenging activity. Most importantly, a massive rise in unsaturated fatty acids (ω-3, ω-6) and the simultaneous decline in total cholesterol were detected with increasing substitution of CSF.
Collapse
|
99
|
Turck D, Bohn T, Castenmiller J, De Henauw S, Hirsch-Ernst KI, Maciuk A, Mangelsdorf I, McArdle HJ, Naska A, Pelaez C, Pentieva K, Siani A, Thies F, Tsabouri S, Vinceti M, Cubadda F, Frenzel T, Heinonen M, Marchelli R, Neuhäuser-Berthold M, Poulsen M, Prieto Maradona M, Schlatter JR, van Loveren H, Gerazova-Efremova K, Roldán-Torres R, Knutsen HK. Safety of vitamin D 2 mushroom powder as a Novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283 (NF 2019/1471). EFSA J 2022; 20:e07326. [PMID: 35706680 PMCID: PMC9186149 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) was asked to deliver an opinion on vitamin D2 mushroom powder as a novel food (NF) pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283. The NF is produced from Agaricus bisporus mushroom that has been exposed to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation to induce the conversion of provitamin D2 (ergosterol) to vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol). The NF contains levels of vitamin D in the form of vitamin D2 in the range of 125-375 µg/g. The information provided on the production process, composition and specifications of the NF does not raise safety concerns. The applicant intends to add the NF as an ingredient in a variety of foods and beverages in amounts that result in either 1.125 or 2.25 µg vitamin D2 per 100 g or 100 mL of the food as consumed. The applicant also intends to add the NF in food supplements, for infants from 7 to 11 months at a maximum of 10 µg vitamin D2/day and of 15 µg vitamin D2/day for individuals aged 1 year or older, as well as in foods for special medical purposes (FSMPs) and total and meal diet replacement for weight control. For the adult population, the maximum intended use level in FSMPs is 15 µg vitamin D2/day and 5 µg vitamin D2/meal in total and meal diet replacement for weight control. The Panel concludes that the NF is safe under the proposed conditions of use. The Panel notes uncertainty regarding the calculated combined exposures to vitamin D for the general population, given the fact that the range of foods fortified with vitamin D has increased over the years, as well as the marketing of high-dose vitamin D supplements.
Collapse
|
100
|
Badmus UO, Taggart MA, Elbourne P, Sterk HP, Boyd KG. Effect of long-term storage and harvest site on the fatty acid profiles, mineral and antioxidant properties of selected edible Scottish seaweeds. Food Chem 2022; 377:131955. [PMID: 34990953 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The limited understanding of the effect of pre-and post-harvest techniques still hinders the full exploitation of seaweed. Here, the effect of harvest site, long term storage and species on the elemental composition, fatty acid profile, lipid content, and antioxidant properties were determined in eight intertidal seaweed species common to Scotland, harvested for potential food application and stored for up to 128 weeks. Result showed that the most significant variation was due to species, with no statistical link found for the combined interaction effect of both storage duration and harvest site in most cases, except for the antioxidant parameters and some selected elements, which was limited to some seaweed species. Overall, our result showed that the chemical profiles of the seaweed species studied were remarkably consistent and unaffected by long term storage. Thus, suggesting that seaweeds sampled from Scotland could be a valuable resource for the development of functional foods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uthman O Badmus
- Environmental Research Institute, North Highland College UHI, University of the Highlands and Islands, Castle Street, Thurso KW14 7JD, UK; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences & Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Distillery Fields, North Mall, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Mark A Taggart
- Environmental Research Institute, North Highland College UHI, University of the Highlands and Islands, Castle Street, Thurso KW14 7JD, UK
| | - Peter Elbourne
- New Wave Foods Ltd., 1 Averon Way, Alness, Ross-shire IV17 0PF, UK
| | - Henk Pieter Sterk
- Environmental Research Institute, North Highland College UHI, University of the Highlands and Islands, Castle Street, Thurso KW14 7JD, UK
| | - Kenneth G Boyd
- Environmental Research Institute, North Highland College UHI, University of the Highlands and Islands, Castle Street, Thurso KW14 7JD, UK
| |
Collapse
|