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Boroumand H, Badie F, Mazaheri S, Seyedi ZS, Nahand JS, Nejati M, Baghi HB, Abbasi-Kolli M, Badehnoosh B, Ghandali M, Hamblin MR, Mirzaei H. Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles Against Viral Infections. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:643953. [PMID: 33816349 PMCID: PMC8011499 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.643953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral infections, in addition to damaging host cells, can compromise the host immune system, leading to frequent relapse or long-term persistence. Viruses have the capacity to destroy the host cell while liberating their own RNA or DNA in order to replicate within additional host cells. The viral life cycle makes it challenging to develop anti-viral drugs. Nanotechnology-based approaches have been suggested to deal effectively with viral diseases, and overcome some limitations of anti-viral drugs. Nanotechnology has enabled scientists to overcome the challenges of solubility and toxicity of anti-viral drugs, and can enhance their selectivity towards viruses and virally infected cells, while preserving healthy host cells. Chitosan is a naturally occurring polymer that has been used to construct nanoparticles (NPs), which are biocompatible, biodegradable, less toxic, easy to prepare, and can function as effective drug delivery systems (DDSs). Furthermore, chitosan is Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) by the US Food and Drug Administration (U.S. FDA). Chitosan NPs have been used in drug delivery by the oral, ocular, pulmonary, nasal, mucosal, buccal, or vaginal routes. They have also been studied for gene delivery, vaccine delivery, and advanced cancer therapy. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that chitosan NPs could be used as new therapeutic tools against viral infections. In this review we summarize reports concerning the therapeutic potential of chitosan NPs against various viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Homa Boroumand
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Badie
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Samaneh Mazaheri
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
| | - Zeynab Sadat Seyedi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
| | - Javid Sadri Nahand
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Nejati
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hossein Bannazadeh Baghi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abbasi-Kolli
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bita Badehnoosh
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Maryam Ghandali
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Du Y, Xu Y, Feng J, Hu L, Zhang Y, Zhang B, Guo W, Mai R, Chen L, Fang J, Zhang H, Peng T. Intranasal administration of a recombinant RBD vaccine induced protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in mouse. Vaccine 2021; 39:2280-2287. [PMID: 33731271 PMCID: PMC7934688 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of the global Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic underscores the importance of the rapid development of a non-invasive vaccine that can be easily administered. A vaccine administered by nasal delivery is endowed with such characteristics against respiratory viruses. In this study, we generated a recombinant SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD)-based subunit vaccine. Mice were immunized via intranasal inoculation, microneedle-intradermal injection, or intramuscular injection, after which the RBD-specific immune responses were compared. Results showed that when administrated intranasally, the vaccine elicited a robust systemic humoral immunity with high titers of IgG antibodies and neutralizing antibodies as well as a significant mucosal immunity. Besides, antigen-specific T cell responses were also analyzed. These results indicated that the non-invasive intranasal administration should be explored for the future SARS-CoV-2 vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Du
- Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuhua Xu
- Guangdong South China Vaccine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Feng
- Guangdong South China Vaccine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Longbo Hu
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, College of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Weili Guo
- Guangdong South China Vaccine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Runming Mai
- Guangdong South China Vaccine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liyun Chen
- Guangdong South China Vaccine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianmin Fang
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, College of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Tao Peng
- Guangdong South China Vaccine, Guangzhou, China; Sino-French Hoffmann Institute of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, College of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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53
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Renu S, Feliciano-Ruiz N, Patil V, Schrock J, Han Y, Ramesh A, Dhakal S, Hanson J, Krakowka S, Renukaradhya GJ. Immunity and Protective Efficacy of Mannose Conjugated Chitosan-Based Influenza Nanovaccine in Maternal Antibody Positive Pigs. Front Immunol 2021; 12:584299. [PMID: 33746943 PMCID: PMC7969509 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.584299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parenteral administration of killed/inactivated swine influenza A virus (SwIAV) vaccine in weaned piglets provides variable levels of immunity due to the presence of preexisting virus specific maternal derived antibodies (MDA). To overcome the effect of MDA on SwIAV vaccine in piglets, we developed an intranasal deliverable killed SwIAV antigen (KAg) encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles called chitosan-based NPs encapsulating KAg (CS NPs-KAg) vaccine. Further, to target the candidate vaccine to dendritic cells and macrophages which express mannose receptor, we conjugated mannose to chitosan (mCS) and formulated KAg encapsulated mCS nanoparticles called mannosylated chitosan-based NPs encapsulating KAg (mCS NPs-KAg) vaccine. In MDA-positive piglets, prime-boost intranasal inoculation of mCS NPs-KAg vaccine elicited enhanced homologous (H1N2-OH10), heterologous (H1N1-OH7), and heterosubtypic (H3N2-OH4) influenza virus-specific secretory IgA (sIgA) antibody response in nasal passage compared to CS NPs-KAg vaccinates. In vaccinated upon challenged with a heterologous SwIAV H1N1, both mCS NPs-KAg and CS NPs-KAg vaccinates augmented H1N2-OH10, H1N1-OH7, and H3N2-OH4 virus-specific sIgA antibody responses in nasal swab, lung lysate, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid; and IgG antibody levels in lung lysate and BAL fluid samples. Whereas, the multivalent commercial inactivated SwIAV vaccine delivered intramuscularly increased serum IgG antibody response. In mCS NPs-KAg and CS NPs-KAg vaccinates increased H1N2-OH10 but not H1N1-OH7 and H3N2-OH4-specific serum hemagglutination inhibition titers were observed. Additionally, mCS NPs-KAg vaccine increased specific recall lymphocyte proliferation and cytokines IL-4, IL-10, and IFNγ gene expression compared to CS NPs-KAg and commercial SwIAV vaccinates in tracheobronchial lymph nodes. Consistent with the immune response both mCS NPs-KAg and CS NPs-KAg vaccinates cleared the challenge H1N1-OH7 virus load in upper and lower respiratory tract more efficiently when compared to commercial vaccine. The virus clearance was associated with reduced gross lung lesions. Overall, mCS NP-KAg vaccine intranasal immunization in MDA-positive pigs induced a robust cross-reactive immunity and offered protection against influenza virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankar Renu
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Wooster, OH, United States
| | - Ninoshkaly Feliciano-Ruiz
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Wooster, OH, United States
| | - Veerupaxagouda Patil
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Wooster, OH, United States
| | - Jennifer Schrock
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Wooster, OH, United States
| | - Yi Han
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Wooster, OH, United States
| | - Anikethana Ramesh
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Wooster, OH, United States
| | - Santosh Dhakal
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Wooster, OH, United States
| | - Juliette Hanson
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Wooster, OH, United States
| | - Steven Krakowka
- The Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Gourapura J. Renukaradhya
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Wooster, OH, United States
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Genito CJ, Batty CJ, Bachelder EM, Ainslie KM. Considerations for Size, Surface Charge, Polymer Degradation, Co-Delivery, and Manufacturability in the Development of Polymeric Particle Vaccines for Infectious Diseases. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2021; 1:2000041. [PMID: 33681864 PMCID: PMC7917382 DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202000041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccines have advanced human health for centuries. To improve upon the efficacy of subunit vaccines they have been formulated into nano/microparticles for infectious diseases. Much progress in the field of polymeric particles for vaccine formulation has been made since the push for a tetanus vaccine in the 1990s. Modulation of particle properties such as size, surface charge, degradation rate, and the co-delivery of antigen and adjuvant has been used. This review focuses on advances in the understanding of how these properties influence immune responses to injectable polymeric particle vaccines. Consideration is also given to how endotoxin, route of administration, and other factors influence conclusions that can be made. Current manufacturing techniques involved in preserving vaccine efficacy and scale-up are discussed, as well as those for progressing polymeric particle vaccines toward commercialization. Consideration of all these factors should aid the continued development of efficacious and marketable polymeric particle vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Genito
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill4211 Marsico Hall, 125 Mason Farm RoadChapel HillNC27599USA
| | - Cole J. Batty
- Division of Pharma Engineering & Molecular PharmaceuticsEshelman School of PharmacyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill4211 Marsico Hall, 125 Mason Farm RoadChapel HillNC27599USA
| | - Eric M. Bachelder
- Division of Pharma Engineering & Molecular PharmaceuticsEshelman School of PharmacyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill4211 Marsico Hall, 125 Mason Farm RoadChapel HillNC27599USA
| | - Kristy M. Ainslie
- Division of Pharma Engineering & Molecular PharmaceuticsEshelman School of PharmacyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill4211 Marsico Hall, 125 Mason Farm RoadChapel HillNC27599USA
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Rashidzadeh H, Danafar H, Rahimi H, Mozafari F, Salehiabar M, Rahmati MA, Rahamooz-Haghighi S, Mousazadeh N, Mohammadi A, Ertas YN, Ramazani A, Huseynova I, Khalilov R, Davaran S, Webster TJ, Kavetskyy T, Eftekhari A, Nosrati H, Mirsaeidi M. Nanotechnology against the novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2): diagnosis, treatment, therapy and future perspectives. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 16:497-516. [PMID: 33683164 PMCID: PMC7938776 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2020-0441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19, as an emerging infectious disease, has caused significant mortality and morbidity along with socioeconomic impact. No effective treatment or vaccine has been approved yet for this pandemic disease. Cutting-edge tools, especially nanotechnology, should be strongly considered to tackle this virus. This review aims to propose several strategies to design and fabricate effective diagnostic and therapeutic agents against COVID-19 by the aid of nanotechnology. Polymeric, inorganic self-assembling materials and peptide-based nanoparticles are promising tools for battling COVID-19 as well as its rapid diagnosis. This review summarizes all of the exciting advances nanomaterials are making toward COVID-19 prevention, diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Rashidzadeh
- Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
- Zanjan Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Hossein Danafar
- Zanjan Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
- Joint Ukraine-Azerbaijan International Research & Education Center of Nanobiotechnology & Functional Nanosystems, Drohobych, Ukraine, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Hossein Rahimi
- Zanjan Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Faezeh Mozafari
- Zanjan Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Salehiabar
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51656-65811, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Rahmati
- Zanjan Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Samaneh Rahamooz-Haghighi
- Department of Plant Production & Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Navid Mousazadeh
- Zanjan Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Zanjan Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Yavuz Nuri Ertas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
- ERNAM-Nanotechnology Research & Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Ali Ramazani
- Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Irada Huseynova
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnologies, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, 11 Izzat Nabiyev, Baku AZ 1073, Azerbaijan
| | - Rovshan Khalilov
- Joint Ukraine-Azerbaijan International Research & Education Center of Nanobiotechnology & Functional Nanosystems, Drohobych, Ukraine, Baku, Azerbaijan
- Department of Biophysics & Biochemistry, Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan
- Russian Institute for Advanced Study, Moscow State Pedagogical University, 1/1, Malaya Pirogovskaya St, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Soodabeh Davaran
- Joint Ukraine-Azerbaijan International Research & Education Center of Nanobiotechnology & Functional Nanosystems, Drohobych, Ukraine, Baku, Azerbaijan
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51656-65811, Iran
| | - Thomas J Webster
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Taras Kavetskyy
- Joint Ukraine-Azerbaijan International Research & Education Center of Nanobiotechnology & Functional Nanosystems, Drohobych, Ukraine, Baku, Azerbaijan
- Department of Surface Engineering, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
- Drohobych Ivan Franko State Pedagogical University, 82100 Drohobych, Ukraine
| | - Aziz Eftekhari
- Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh 78151-55158, Iran
- Department of Surface Engineering, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
- Russian Institute for Advanced Study, Moscow State Pedagogical University, 1/1, Malaya Pirogovskaya St, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
- Polymer Institute of SAS, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava 845 41, Slovakia
| | - Hamed Nosrati
- Zanjan Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
- Joint Ukraine-Azerbaijan International Research & Education Center of Nanobiotechnology & Functional Nanosystems, Drohobych, Ukraine, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Mehdi Mirsaeidi
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33146, USA
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Jastrzębska AM, Vasilchenko AS. Smart and Sustainable Nanotechnological Solutions in a Battle against COVID-19 and Beyond: A Critical Review. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2021; 9:601-622. [PMID: 34192094 PMCID: PMC7805306 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c06565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The variety of available biocidal features make nanomaterials promising for fighting infections. To effectively battle COVID-19, categorized as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO), materials scientists and biotechnologists need to combine their knowledge to develop efficient antiviral nanomaterials. By design, nanostructured materials (spherical, two-dimensional, hybrid) can express a diverse bioactivity and unique combination of specific, nonspecific, and mixed mechanisms of antiviral action. It can be related to the material's specific features and their multiple functionalization strategies. This is a complex guiding approach in which an interaction target is constantly moving and quickly changing. On the other hand, in such a rush, sustainability may be put aside. Therefore, to elucidate the most promising nanotechnological solutions, we critically review available data within the frame of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and other types of viruses. We highlight solutions that are, or could be, more sustainable and less toxic. In this regard, reduction of the number of synthetic routes, organic solvents, byproducts, and residues is highly recommended. Such efficient, green solutions may be further used for the prevention of virion-host interactions, treatment of the already developed infection, reducing inflammation, and finally, protecting healthcare professionals with masks, fabrics, equipment, and in other associated areas. Further translation into the market needs putting on the fast track with respect to principles of green chemistry, feasibility, safety, and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka M. Jastrzębska
- Warsaw
University of Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Wołoska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alexey S. Vasilchenko
- Institute
of Environmental and Agricultural Biology (X-BIO), Tyumen State University, Tyumen, Russia
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Jhaveri J, Raichura Z, Khan T, Momin M, Omri A. Chitosan Nanoparticles-Insight into Properties, Functionalization and Applications in Drug Delivery and Theranostics. Molecules 2021; 26:E272. [PMID: 33430478 PMCID: PMC7827344 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology-based development of drug delivery systems is an attractive area of research in formulation driven R&D laboratories that makes administration of new and complex drugs feasible. It plays a significant role in the design of novel dosage forms by attributing target specific drug delivery, controlled drug release, improved, patient friendly drug regimen and lower side effects. Polysaccharides, especially chitosan, occupy an important place and are widely used in nano drug delivery systems owing to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. This review focuses on chitosan nanoparticles and envisages to provide an insight into the chemistry, properties, drug release mechanisms, preparation techniques and the vast evolving landscape of diverse applications across disease categories leading to development of better therapeutics and superior clinical outcomes. It summarizes recent advancement in the development and utility of functionalized chitosan in anticancer therapeutics, cancer immunotherapy, theranostics and multistage delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhanvi Jhaveri
- SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India; (J.J.); (Z.R.)
| | - Zarna Raichura
- SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India; (J.J.); (Z.R.)
| | - Tabassum Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India;
| | - Munira Momin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India;
| | - Abdelwahab Omri
- The Novel Drug & Vaccine Delivery Systems Facility, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
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Vahedifard F, Chakravarthy K. Nanomedicine for COVID-19: the role of nanotechnology in the treatment and diagnosis of COVID-19. EMERGENT MATERIALS 2021; 4:75-99. [PMID: 33615140 PMCID: PMC7881345 DOI: 10.1007/s42247-021-00168-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused the recent outbreak of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). Although nearly two decades have passed since the emergence of pandemics such as SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), no effective drug against the CoV family has yet been approved, so there is a need to find newer therapeutic targets. Currently, simultaneous research across the globe is being performed to discover efficient vaccines or drugs, including both conventional therapies used to treat previous similar diseases and emerging therapies like nanomedicine. Nanomedicine has already proven its value through its application drug delivery and nanosensors in other diseases. Nanomedicine and its components can play an important role in various stages of prevention, diagnosis, treatment, vaccination, and research related to COVID-19. Nano-based antimicrobial technology can be integrated into personal equipment for the greater safety of healthcare workers and people. Various nanomaterials such as quantum dots can be used as biosensors to diagnose COVID-19. Nanotechnology offers benefits from the use of nanosystems, such as liposomes, polymeric and lipid nanoparticles, metallic nanoparticles, and micelles, for drug encapsulation, and facilitates the improvement of pharmacological drug properties. Antiviral functions for nanoparticles can target the binding, entry, replication, and budding of COVID-19. The toxicity-related inorganic nanoparticles are one of the limiting factors of its use that should be further investigated and modified. In this review, we are going to discuss nanomedicine options for COVID-19 management, similar applications for related viral diseases, and their gap of knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzan Vahedifard
- Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute, University of California San Diego Health Center, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Krishnan Chakravarthy
- Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego Health Center, 9400 Campus Point Dr, La Jolla, San Diego, CA USA
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Yang WT, Yang W, Jin YB, Ata EB, Zhang RR, Huang HB, Shi CW, Jiang YL, Wang JZ, Kang YH, Yang GL, Wang CF. Synthesized swine influenza NS1 antigen provides a protective immunity in a mice model. J Vet Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.4142/jvs.19411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Tao Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Wei Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yu-Bei Jin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Emad Beshir Ata
- Division of Veterinary Research, Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Rong-Rong Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Hai-Bin Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Chun-Wei Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yan-Long Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yuan-Huan Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Gui-Lian Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Chun-Feng Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
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Nanoparticles as a novel and promising antiviral platform in veterinary medicine. Arch Virol 2021; 166:2673-2682. [PMID: 34297222 PMCID: PMC8298697 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-021-05177-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Traditional veterinary virus vaccines, such as inactivated and live-attenuated vaccines, have achieved tremendous success in controlling many viral diseases of livestock and chickens worldwide. However, many recent viral outbreaks caused by different emerging and re-emerging viruses continue to be reported annually worldwide. It is therefore necessary to develop new control regimens. Nanoparticle research has received considerable attention in the last two decades as a promising platform with significant success in veterinary medicine, replacing traditional viral vector vaccines. However, the field of nanoparticle applications is still in its initial phase of growth. Here, we discuss various preparation methods, characteristics, physical properties, antiviral effects, and pharmacokinetics of well-developed nanoparticles and the potential of nanoparticles or nano-vaccines as a promising antiviral platform for veterinary medicine.
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Wibowo D, Jorritsma SHT, Gonzaga ZJ, Evert B, Chen S, Rehm BHA. Polymeric nanoparticle vaccines to combat emerging and pandemic threats. Biomaterials 2020; 268:120597. [PMID: 33360074 PMCID: PMC7834201 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Subunit vaccines are more advantageous than live attenuated vaccines in terms of safety and scale-up manufacture. However, this often comes as a trade-off to their efficacy. Over the years, polymeric nanoparticles have been developed to improve vaccine potency, by engineering their physicochemical properties to incorporate multiple immunological cues to mimic pathogenic microbes and viruses. This review covers recent advances in polymeric nanostructures developed toward particulate vaccines. It focuses on the impact of microbe mimicry (e.g. size, charge, hydrophobicity, and surface chemistry) on modulation of the nanoparticles’ delivery, trafficking, and targeting antigen-presenting cells to elicit potent humoral and cellular immune responses. This review also provides up-to-date progresses on rational designs of a wide variety of polymeric nanostructures that are loaded with antigens and immunostimulatory molecules, ranging from particles, micelles, nanogels, and polymersomes to advanced core-shell structures where polymeric particles are coated with lipids, cell membranes, or proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Wibowo
- Centre for Cell Factories and Biopolymers, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan QLD, 4111, Australia.
| | - Sytze H T Jorritsma
- Centre for Cell Factories and Biopolymers, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Zennia Jean Gonzaga
- Centre for Cell Factories and Biopolymers, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Benjamin Evert
- Centre for Cell Factories and Biopolymers, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Shuxiong Chen
- Centre for Cell Factories and Biopolymers, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Bernd H A Rehm
- Centre for Cell Factories and Biopolymers, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan QLD, 4111, Australia.
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The Application of Mucoadhesive Chitosan Nanoparticles in Nasal Drug Delivery. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18120605. [PMID: 33260406 PMCID: PMC7759871 DOI: 10.3390/md18120605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosal delivery of antigens can induce both humoral and cellular immune responses. Particularly, the nasal cavity is a strongly inductive site for mucosal immunity among several administration routes, as it is generally the first point of contact for inhaled antigens. However, the delivery of antigens to the nasal cavity has some disadvantages such as rapid clearance and disposition of inhaled materials. For these reasons, remarkable efforts have been made to develop antigen delivery systems which suit the nasal route. The use of nanoparticles as delivery vehicles enables protection of the antigen from degradation and sustains the release of the loaded antigen, eventually resulting in improved vaccine and/or drug efficacy. Chitosan, which exhibits low toxicity, biodegradability, good cost performance, and strong mucoadhesive properties, is a useful material for nanoparticles. The present review provides an overview of the mucosal immune response induced by nanoparticles, recent advances in the use of nanoparticles, and nasal delivery systems with chitosan nanoparticles.
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dos Santos Ramos MA, dos Santos KC, da Silva PB, de Toledo LG, Marena GD, Rodero CF, de Camargo BAF, Fortunato GC, Bauab TM, Chorilli M. Nanotechnological strategies for systemic microbial infections treatment: A review. Int J Pharm 2020; 589:119780. [PMID: 32860856 PMCID: PMC7449125 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Systemic infections is one of the major causes of mortality worldwide, and a shortage of drug approaches applied for the rapid and necessary treatment contribute to increase the levels of death in affected patients. Several drug delivery systems based in nanotechnology such as metallic nanoparticles, liposomes, nanoemulsion, microemulsion, polymeric nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, dendrimers, hydrogels and liquid crystals can contribute in the biological performance of active substances for the treatment of microbial diseases triggered by fungi, bacteria, virus and parasites. In the presentation of these statements, this review article present and demonstrate the effectiveness of these drug delivery systems for the treatment of systemic diseases caused by several microorganisms, through a review of studies on scientific literature worldwide that contributes to better information for the most diverse professionals from the areas of health sciences. The studies demonstrated that the drug delivery systems described can contribute to the therapeutic scenario of these diseases, being classified as safe, active platforms and with therapeutic versatility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Aparecido dos Santos Ramos
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, São Paulo State Zip Code: 14.800-903, Brazil,Corresponding authors
| | - Karen Cristina dos Santos
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, São Paulo State Zip Code: 14.800-903, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Bento da Silva
- Department of Genetic and Morphology, Brasília University (UNB), Institute of Biological Sciences, Zip Code: 70735100, Brazil
| | - Luciani Gaspar de Toledo
- Department of Biological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, São Paulo State Zip Code: 14.800-903, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Davi Marena
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, São Paulo State Zip Code: 14.800-903, Brazil
| | - Camila Fernanda Rodero
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, São Paulo State Zip Code: 14.800-903, Brazil
| | - Bruna Almeida Furquim de Camargo
- Department of Biological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, São Paulo State Zip Code: 14.800-903, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Capaldi Fortunato
- Department of Biological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, São Paulo State Zip Code: 14.800-903, Brazil
| | - Taís Maria Bauab
- Department of Biological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, São Paulo State Zip Code: 14.800-903, Brazil
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, São Paulo State Zip Code: 14.800-903, Brazil.
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Renu S, Renukaradhya GJ. Chitosan Nanoparticle Based Mucosal Vaccines Delivered Against Infectious Diseases of Poultry and Pigs. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:558349. [PMID: 33282847 PMCID: PMC7691491 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.558349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious disease of poultry and pig are major threat to health and cause severe economic loss to the food industry and a global food safety issue. Poultry and pig act as a mixing vessel of zoonotic transmission of disease to humans. Effective mucosal vaccines used in animals could reduce the impact of diseases in food animals. Chitosan is a biocompatible polymer, and its positive charge makes it a natural mucoadhesive agent. Therefore, since last one-decade chitosan derived nanoparticles (CS NPs) have been in use widely to deliver vaccine antigens in animals through mucosal route. Primary route of entry of most infectious disease pathogen is through oral and nasal routes, and the CS NPs based vaccines delivered through that routes enhance the immunogenicity of encapsulated vaccine antigens by targeting the cargo to mucosal microfold cells, dendritic cells and macrophages. Resulting in induction of robust secretory and systemic antibodies and/or cell mediated immune response which provides protection against infections. To date, CS NPs is being widely used for mucosal vaccine delivery in poultry and pigs to control bacterial and viral infections, and tested in several preclinical trials for vaccine delivery in humans. In this review, we highlighted the progress so far made in using CS NPs as a vehicle for mucosal vaccine delivery against infectious and zoonotic diseases of poultry and pigs. Discussed about the need of CS NPs modifications, CS NPs based vaccines induced immune responses and its role in protection, and challenges in vaccination and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankar Renu
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States.,Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Gourapura J Renukaradhya
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States.,Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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Adjuvants for swine vaccines: Mechanisms of actions and adjuvant effects. Vaccine 2020; 38:6659-6681. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Chitosan: Structural modification, biological activity and application. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:4532-4546. [PMID: 32941908 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Many by-products that are harmful to the environment and human health are generated during food processing. However, these wastes are often potential resources with high-added value. For example, crustacean waste contains large amounts of chitin. Chitin is one of the most abundant polysaccharides in natural macromolecules, and is a typical component of crustaceans, mollusks, insect exoskeleton and fungal cell walls. Chitosan is prepared by deacetylation of chitin and a copolymer of D-glucosamine and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine through β-(1 → 4)-glycosidic bonds. Chitosan has better solubility, biocompatibility and degradability compared with chitin. This review introduces the preparation, physicochemical properties, chemical and physical modification methods of chitosan, which could help us understand its biological activities and applications. According to the latest reports, the antibacterial activity, antioxidant, immune and antitumor activities of chitosan and its derivatives are summarized. Simultaneously, the various applications of chitosan and its derivatives are reviewed, including food, chemical, textile, medical and health, and functional materials. Finally, some insights into its future potential are provided, including novel modification methods, directional modification according to structure-activity relationship, activity and application development direction, etc.
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Pan J, Cui Z. Self-Assembled Nanoparticles: Exciting Platforms for Vaccination. Biotechnol J 2020; 15:e2000087. [PMID: 33411412 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202000087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination is successfully advanced to control several fatal diseases and improve human life expectancy. However, additional innovations are required in this field because there are no effective vaccines to prevent some infectious diseases. The shift from the attenuated or inactivated pathogens to safer but less immunogenic protein or peptide antigens has led to a search for effective antigen delivery carriers that can function as both antigen vehicles and intrinsic adjuvants. Among these carriers, self-assembled nanoparticles (SANPs) have shown great potential to be the best representative. For the nanoscale and multiple presentation of antigens, with accurate control over size, geometry, and functionality, these nanoparticles are assembled spontaneously and mimic pathogens, resulting in enhanced antigen presentation and increased cellular and humoral immunity responses. In addition, they may be applied through needle-free routes due to their adhesive ability, which gives them a great future in vaccination applications. This review provides an overview of various SANPs and their applications in prophylactic vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingdi Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zongqiang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Han Y, Renu S, Schrock J, Acevedo-Villanuev KY, Lester B, Selvaraj RK, Renukaradhya GJ. Temporal dynamics of innate and adaptive immune responses in broiler birds to oral delivered chitosan nanoparticle-based Salmonella subunit antigens. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2020; 228:110111. [PMID: 32846353 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2020.110111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis, SE) infection of poultry causes a significant risk to public health through contamination of meat and eggs. Current Salmonella vaccines have failed to provide strong mucosal immunity in the intestines to reduce Salmonella shedding and food contamination. Considering the short lifespan of broilers, an easy-to-deliver, safe and effective Salmonella vaccine is urgently needed. Our goal in this study was to demonstrate the ability of chitosan nanoparticle (CNP) vaccine delivery platform in activating immune response to Salmonella antigens in broilers inoculated orally. In an initial study, soluble whole antigen of SE entrapped in CNP was inoculated but the specific immune responses were poor. Therefore, the CNP entrapped immunogenic outer membrane proteins (OMP) and flagellin (FLA) of SE and surface conjugated with FLA [CNP-(OMP + FLA)] was developed. In broilers inoculated orally with CNP-(OMP + FLA) formulation once or twice, we monitored the temporal expression of innate immune molecules and antigen specific lymphocyte proliferation. In the cecal tonsils of CNP-(OMP + FLA) inoculated birds, we observed enhanced expression of mRNA coding Toll-like receptors (TLRs)- 1, 4, 5, and 7, especially at dpv 21. In addition, both OMP and FLA specific lymphocytes proliferation at dpv 7 and 21 by CNP-(OMP + FLA) were enhanced in the spleen. In conclusion, CNP-(OMP + FLA) formulation augmented both innate and lymphocyte responses in orally inoculated broilers. Further studies are needed to determine the candidate subunit CNP vaccine's efficacy in a challenge trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Han
- Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP), Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA
| | - S Renu
- Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP), Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA
| | - J Schrock
- Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP), Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA
| | | | - B Lester
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - R K Selvaraj
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - G J Renukaradhya
- Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP), Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA.
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Renu S, Han Y, Dhakal S, Lakshmanappa YS, Ghimire S, Feliciano-Ruiz N, Senapati S, Narasimhan B, Selvaraj R, Renukaradhya GJ. Chitosan-adjuvanted Salmonella subunit nanoparticle vaccine for poultry delivered through drinking water and feed. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 243:116434. [PMID: 32532387 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Poor induction of mucosal immunity in the intestines by current Salmonella vaccines is a challenge to the poultry industry. We prepared and tested an oral deliverable Salmonella subunit vaccine containing immunogenic outer membrane proteins (OMPs) and flagellin (F) protein loaded and F-protein surface coated chitosan nanoparticles (CS NPs) (OMPs-F-CS NPs). The OMPs-F-CS NPs had mean particle size distribution of 514 nm, high positive charge and spherical in shape. In vitro and in vivo studies revealed the F-protein surface coated CS NPs were specifically targeted to chicken immune cells. The OMPs-F-CS NPs treatment of chicken immune cells upregulated TLRs, and Th1 and Th2 cytokines mRNA expression. Oral delivery of OMPs-F-CS NPs in birds enhanced the specific systemic IgY and mucosal IgA antibodies responses as well as reduced the challenge Salmonella load in the intestines. Thus, user friendly oral deliverable chitosan-based Salmonella vaccine for poultry is a viable alternative to current vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankar Renu
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Yi Han
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Santosh Dhakal
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Yashavanth S Lakshmanappa
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Shristi Ghimire
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Ninoshkaly Feliciano-Ruiz
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Sujata Senapati
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Balaji Narasimhan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Ramesh Selvaraj
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Gourapura J Renukaradhya
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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Renu S, Feliciano-Ruiz N, Lu F, Ghimire S, Han Y, Schrock J, Dhakal S, Patil V, Krakowka S, HogenEsch H, Renukaradhya GJ. A Nanoparticle-Poly(I:C) Combination Adjuvant Enhances the Breadth of the Immune Response to Inactivated Influenza Virus Vaccine in Pigs. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8020229. [PMID: 32443416 PMCID: PMC7349929 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8020229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Intranasal vaccination elicits secretory IgA (SIgA) antibodies in the airways, which is required for cross-protection against influenza. To enhance the breadth of immunity induced by a killed swine influenza virus antigen (KAg) or conserved T cell and B cell peptides, we adsorbed the antigens together with the TLR3 agonist poly(I:C) electrostatically onto cationic alpha-D-glucan nanoparticles (Nano-11) resulting in Nano-11-KAg-poly(I:C) and Nano-11-peptides-poly(I:C) vaccines. In vitro, increased TNF-α and IL-1ß cytokine mRNA expression was observed in Nano-11-KAg-poly(I:C)-treated porcine monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Nano-11-KAg-poly(I:C), but not Nano-11-peptides-poly(I:C), delivered intranasally in pigs induced high levels of cross-reactive virus-specific SIgA antibodies secretion in the nasal passage and lungs compared to a multivalent commercial influenza virus vaccine administered intramuscularly. The commercial and Nano-11-KAg-poly(I:C) vaccinations increased the frequency of IFNγ secreting T cells. The poly(I:C) adjuvanted Nano-11-based vaccines increased various cytokine mRNA expressions in lymph nodes compared to the commercial vaccine. In addition, Nano-11-KAg-poly(I:C) vaccine elicited high levels of virus neutralizing antibodies in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Microscopic lung lesions and challenge virus load were partially reduced in poly(I:C) adjuvanted Nano-11 and commercial influenza vaccinates. In conclusion, compared to our earlier study with Nano-11-KAg vaccine, addition of poly(I:C) to the formulation improved cross-protective antibody and cytokine response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankar Renu
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (S.R.); (N.F.-R.); (S.G.); (Y.H.); (J.S.); (S.D.); (V.P.)
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ninoshkaly Feliciano-Ruiz
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (S.R.); (N.F.-R.); (S.G.); (Y.H.); (J.S.); (S.D.); (V.P.)
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Fangjia Lu
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (F.L.); (H.H.)
| | - Shristi Ghimire
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (S.R.); (N.F.-R.); (S.G.); (Y.H.); (J.S.); (S.D.); (V.P.)
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Yi Han
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (S.R.); (N.F.-R.); (S.G.); (Y.H.); (J.S.); (S.D.); (V.P.)
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jennifer Schrock
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (S.R.); (N.F.-R.); (S.G.); (Y.H.); (J.S.); (S.D.); (V.P.)
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Santosh Dhakal
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (S.R.); (N.F.-R.); (S.G.); (Y.H.); (J.S.); (S.D.); (V.P.)
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Veerupaxagouda Patil
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (S.R.); (N.F.-R.); (S.G.); (Y.H.); (J.S.); (S.D.); (V.P.)
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Steven Krakowka
- The Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Harm HogenEsch
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (F.L.); (H.H.)
| | - Gourapura J. Renukaradhya
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (S.R.); (N.F.-R.); (S.G.); (Y.H.); (J.S.); (S.D.); (V.P.)
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-330-263-3748; Fax: +1-330-263-3677
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Akerele G, Ramadan N, Renu S, Renukaradhya GJ, Shanmugasundaram R, Selvaraj RK. In vitro characterization and immunogenicity of chitosan nanoparticles loaded with native and inactivated extracellular proteins from a field strain of Clostridium perfringens associated with necrotic enteritis. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2020; 224:110059. [PMID: 32408182 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2020.110059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
There are currently no licensed vaccines against Clostridium perfringens which causes necrotic enteritis in poultry. Chitosan nanoparticles were formulated with native (CN) or toxoids (CT) of extracellular proteins (ECP) of C. perfringens, both surface-tagged with Salmonella flagellar proteins. In a pH stability assay, CN and CT nanoparticles released 6% and 0% of their protein at 8.0 pH. In a protein release assay, CN and CT nanoparticles released 16% and 10% of their protein respectively at 7.4 pH after 24 h. CN and CT nanoparticles incubated at 100 μg/mL PBS with Chicken RBCs released 1% and 0% hemoglobin respectively. Ninety broilers were randomly assigned to treatments; sham-vaccinated (Control), CN-vaccinated (CN), and CT-vaccinated (CT). Each bird was orally gavaged with 50 μg vaccine in 0.5 mL PBS or 0.5 mL PBS only on d 0, 3, 7 and 14 of age. At 21 d of age, the CN group had higher anti-ECP IgA than control (P < 0.05). At 21 d of age, the CN and CT group had higher anti-ECP IgA than control (P < 0.05). At 17 d of age, the CN group had higher anti-flagellar IgG than control (P < 0.05). At 10 d of age, the CN group had higher anti-flagellar IgA than control (P < 0.05). Splenic T cells from chickens in the CN and CT group ex-vivo stimulated with 0.05 mg/mL ECP, had higher proliferation control (P < 0.05, P < 0.01 respectively). Splenic T cells from chickens in the CN and CT groups ex-vivo stimulated with 0.1 mg/mL ECP had proliferation than control (P < 0.05). Pooled serum from 17 d of age CN and CT-vaccinated birds partially neutralized toxins in 50 μg of ECP (P < 0.05). Pooled serum from 28 d of age CN-vaccinated birds also partially neutralized toxins in 50 μg of ECP. The result from this study indicates the potential for chitosan loaded with Clostridium perfringens extracellular proteins to be applied to necrotic enteritis challenge studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Akerele
- Department of Poultry Science, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Nour Ramadan
- Department of Poultry Science, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Sankar Renu
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, 44691, OH, United States
| | - Gourapura J Renukaradhya
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, 44691, OH, United States
| | | | - Ramesh K Selvaraj
- Department of Poultry Science, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States.
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72
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Sivasankarapillai VS, Pillai AM, Rahdar A, Sobha AP, Das SS, Mitropoulos AC, Mokarrar MH, Kyzas GZ. On Facing the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) with Combination of Nanomaterials and Medicine: Possible Strategies and First Challenges. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E852. [PMID: 32354113 PMCID: PMC7712148 DOI: 10.3390/nano10050852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Global health is facing the most dangerous situation regarding the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome called coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is widely known as the abbreviated COVID-19 pandemic. This is due to the highly infectious nature of the disease and its possibility to cause pneumonia induced death in approximately 6.89% of infected individuals (data until 27 April 2020). The pathogen causing COVID-19 is called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is believed to be originated from the Wuhan Province in China. Unfortunately, an effective and approved vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 virus is still not available, making the situation more dangerous and currently available medical care futile. This unmet medical need thus requires significant and very urgent research attention to develop an effective vaccine to address the SARS-CoV-2 virus. In this review, the state-of-the-art drug design strategies against the virus are critically summarized including exploitations of novel drugs and potentials of repurposed drugs. The applications of nanochemistry and general nanotechnology was also discussed to give the status of nanodiagnostic systems for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Akhilash M. Pillai
- Department of Chemistry, University College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695034, India;
| | - Abbas Rahdar
- Department of Physics, University of Zabol, Zabol 98615538, Iran
| | - Anumol P. Sobha
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695581, India;
| | - Sabya Sachi Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand 835215, India;
| | | | | | - George Z. Kyzas
- Department of Chemistry, International Hellenic University, 65404 Kavala, Greece;
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73
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Lane MC, Gordon JL, Jiang C, Leitner WW, Pickett TE, Stemmy E, Bozick BA, Deckhut-Augustine A, Embry AC, Post DJ. Workshop report: Optimization of animal models to better predict influenza vaccine efficacy. Vaccine 2020; 38:2751-2757. [PMID: 32145879 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.01.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Animal models that can recapitulate the human immune system are essential for the preclinical development of safe and efficacious vaccines. Development and optimization of representative animal models are key components of the NIAID strategic plan for the development of a universal influenza vaccine. To gain insight into the current landscape of animal model usage in influenza vaccine development, NIAID convened a workshop in Rockville, Maryland that brought together experts from academia, industry and government. Panelists discussed the benefits and limitations of the field's most widely-used animal models, identified currently available and critically needed resources and reagents, and suggested areas for improvement based on inadequacies of existing models. Although appropriately-selected animal models can be useful for evaluating safety, mechanism-of-action, and superiority over existing vaccines, workshop participants concluded that multiple animal models will likely be required to sufficiently test all aspects of a novel vaccine candidate. Refinements are necessary for all current model systems, for example, to better represent special human populations, and will be facilitated by the development and broader availability of new reagents. NIAID continues to support progress towards increasing the predictive value of animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chelsea Lane
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Jennifer L Gordon
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chao Jiang
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Transplantation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wolfgang W Leitner
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Transplantation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thames E Pickett
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Erik Stemmy
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Brooke A Bozick
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alison Deckhut-Augustine
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Transplantation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alan C Embry
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Diane J Post
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Renu S, Feliciano-Ruiz N, Ghimire S, Han Y, Schrock J, Dhakal S, Patil V, Krakowka S, Renukaradhya GJ. Poly(I:C) augments inactivated influenza virus-chitosan nanovaccine induced cell mediated immune response in pigs vaccinated intranasally. Vet Microbiol 2020; 242:108611. [PMID: 32122615 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
To improve the innate and adaptive immune responses elicited by a killed/inactivated swine influenza virus antigen (KAg)-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (CS NPs-KAg), we used the adjuvant, poly(I:C). The formulated CS NPs-KAg and CS NPs-poly(I:C) had a net surface charge of +30.7 mV and +25.1 mV, respectively. The CS NPs-KAg was coadministered with CS NPs-poly(I:C) (chitosan nanovaccine) as intranasal mist. Vaccinations enhanced homologous (H1N2-OH10) and heterologous (H1N1-OH7) hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titers in both vaccinated and virus-challenged animals compared to the control soluble poly(I:C) vaccinated pigs. In addition, the chitosan nanovaccine induced the proliferation of antigen-specific IFNγ secreting T-helper/memory and γδ T cells compared to control poly(I:C) group; and an increased Th1 (IFNγ, IL-6 and IL-2) and Th2 (IL-10 and IL-13) cytokines mRNA expression in the tracheobronchial lymph nodes compared to lymphoid tissues obtained from pigs given commercial influenza vaccine. The virus load in nasal passages and microscopic lung lesions were partially reduced by both chitosan nanovaccine and commercial vaccine. The HA gene homology between the vaccine and challenge viruses indicated that the chitosan nanovaccine induced a cross-protective immune response. In conclusion, coadministration of CS NPs-poly(I:C) with CS NPs-KAg augmented the cross-reactive specific HI titers and the cell-mediated immune responses in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankar Renu
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Ninoshkaly Feliciano-Ruiz
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Shristi Ghimire
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Yi Han
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jennifer Schrock
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Santosh Dhakal
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Veerupaxagouda Patil
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Steven Krakowka
- Emeritus Professor, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Gourapura J Renukaradhya
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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75
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Yüksel S, Pekcan M, Puralı N, Esendağlı G, Tavukçuoğlu E, Rivero-Arredondo V, Ontiveros-Padilla L, López-Macías C, Şenel S. Development and in vitro evaluation of a new adjuvant system containing Salmonella Typhi porins and chitosan. Int J Pharm 2020; 578:119129. [PMID: 32045689 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In order to improve the immunogenicity of the highly purified vaccine antigens, addition of an adjuvant to formulation, without affecting the safety of the vaccine, has been the key aim of the vaccine formulators. In recent years, adjuvants which are composed of a delivery system and immunopotentiators have been preferred to induce potent immune responses. In this study, we have combined Salmonella Typhi porins and chitosan to develop a new adjuvant system to enhance the immunogenicity of the highly purified antigens. Cationic gels, microparticle (1.69 ± 0.01 μm) and nanoparticles (337.7 ± 1.7 nm) based on chitosan were prepared with high loading efficiency of porins. Cellular uptake was examined by confocal laser scanning microscopy, and the macrophage activation was investigated by measuring the surface marker as well as the cytokine release in vitro in J774A.1 macrophage murine cells. Porins alone were not taken up by the macrophage cells whereas in combination with chitosan a significant uptake was obtained. Porins-chitosan combination systems were found to induce CD80, CD86 and MHC-II expressions at different levels by different formulations depending on the particle size. Similarly, TNF-α and IL-6 levels were found to increase with porins-chitosan combination. Our results demonstrated that combination of porins with chitosan as a particulate system exerts enhanced adjuvant effect, suggesting a promising adjuvant system for subunit vaccines with combined immunostimulating activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selin Yüksel
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mert Pekcan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Ankara University, Dışkapı, 06110 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nuhan Puralı
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Güneş Esendağlı
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ece Tavukçuoğlu
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Vanessa Rivero-Arredondo
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional 'Siglo XXI', Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Ontiveros-Padilla
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional 'Siglo XXI', Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Constantino López-Macías
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional 'Siglo XXI', Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Sevda Şenel
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey.
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76
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Yang WT, Yang W, Jin YB, Ata EB, Zhang RR, Huang HB, Shi CW, Jiang YL, Wang JZ, Kang YH, Yang GL, Wang CF. Synthesized swine influenza NS1 antigen provides a protective immunity in a mice model. J Vet Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2020.21.e66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Tao Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Wei Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yu-Bei Jin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Emad Beshir Ata
- Division of Veterinary Research, Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Rong-Rong Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Hai-Bin Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Chun-Wei Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yan-Long Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yuan-Huan Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Gui-Lian Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Chun-Feng Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
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Abstract
Mucosal surfaces represent important routes of entry into the human body for the majority of pathogens, and they constitute unique sites for targeted vaccine delivery. Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems are emerging technologies for delivering and improving the efficacy of mucosal vaccines. Recent studies have provided new insights into formulation and delivery aspects of importance for the design of safe and efficacious mucosal subunit vaccines based on nanoparticles. These include novel nanomaterials, their physicochemical properties and formulation approaches, nanoparticle interaction with immune cells in the mucosa, and mucosal immunization and delivery strategies. Here, we present recent progress in the application of nanoparticle-based approaches for mucosal vaccine delivery and discuss future research challenges and opportunities in the field.
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78
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Holzer B, Morgan SB, Martini V, Sharma R, Clark B, Chiu C, Salguero FJ, Tchilian E. Immunogenicity and Protective Efficacy of Seasonal Human Live Attenuated Cold-Adapted Influenza Virus Vaccine in Pigs. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2625. [PMID: 31787986 PMCID: PMC6856147 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus infection is a global health threat to livestock and humans, causing substantial mortality and morbidity. As both pigs and humans are readily infected with influenza viruses of similar subtype, the pig is a robust and appropriate model for investigating swine and human disease. We evaluated the efficacy of the human cold-adapted 2017–2018 quadrivalent seasonal LAIV in pigs against H1N1pdm09 challenge. LAIV immunized animals showed significantly reduced viral load in nasal swabs. There was limited replication of the H1N1 component of the vaccine in the nose, a limited response to H1N1 in the lung lymph nodes and a low H1N1 serum neutralizing titer. In contrast there was better replication of the H3N2 component of the LAIV, accompanied by a stronger response to H3N2 in the tracheobronchial lymph nodes (TBLN). Our data demonstrates that a single administration of human quadrivalent LAIV shows limited replication in the nose and induces detectable responses to the H1N1 and H3N2 components. These data suggest that pigs may be a useful model for assessing LAIV against influenza A viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Holzer
- Enhanced Host Responses, The Pirbright Institute, Woking, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie B Morgan
- Enhanced Host Responses, The Pirbright Institute, Woking, United Kingdom
| | - Veronica Martini
- Enhanced Host Responses, The Pirbright Institute, Woking, United Kingdom
| | - Rajni Sharma
- Enhanced Host Responses, The Pirbright Institute, Woking, United Kingdom
| | - Becky Clark
- Enhanced Host Responses, The Pirbright Institute, Woking, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Chiu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Hammersmith Campus Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Elma Tchilian
- Enhanced Host Responses, The Pirbright Institute, Woking, United Kingdom
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79
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Dhakal S, Renukaradhya GJ. Nanoparticle-based vaccine development and evaluation against viral infections in pigs. Vet Res 2019; 50:90. [PMID: 31694705 PMCID: PMC6833244 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-019-0712-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Virus infections possess persistent health challenges in swine industry leading to severe economic losses worldwide. The economic burden caused by virus infections such as Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus, Swine influenza virus, Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus, Porcine Circovirus 2, Foot and Mouth Disease Virus and many others are associated with severe morbidity, mortality, loss of production, trade restrictions and investments in control and prevention practices. Pigs can also have a role in zoonotic transmission of some viral infections to humans. Inactivated and modified-live virus vaccines are available against porcine viral infections with variable efficacy under field conditions. Thus, improvements over existing vaccines are necessary to: (1) Increase the breadth of protection against evolving viral strains and subtypes; (2) Control of emerging and re-emerging viruses; (3) Eradicate viruses localized in different geographic areas; and (4) Differentiate infected from vaccinated animals to improve disease control programs. Nanoparticles (NPs) generated from virus-like particles, biodegradable and biocompatible polymers and liposomes offer many advantages as vaccine delivery platform due to their unique physicochemical properties. NPs help in efficient antigen internalization and processing by antigen presenting cells and activate them to elicit innate and adaptive immunity. Some of the NPs-based vaccines could be delivered through both parenteral and mucosal routes to trigger efficient mucosal and systemic immune responses and could be used to target specific immune cells such as mucosal microfold (M) cells and dendritic cells (DCs). In conclusion, NPs-based vaccines can serve as novel candidate vaccines against several porcine viral infections with the potential to enhance the broader protective efficacy under field conditions. This review highlights the recent developments in NPs-based vaccines against porcine viral pathogens and how the NPs-based vaccine delivery system induces innate and adaptive immune responses resulting in varied level of protective efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Dhakal
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Gourapura J. Renukaradhya
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
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80
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Li Y, Wang C, Sun Z, Xiao J, Yan X, Chen Y, Yu J, Wu Y. Simultaneous Intramuscular And Intranasal Administration Of Chitosan Nanoparticles-Adjuvanted Chlamydia Vaccine Elicits Elevated Protective Responses In The Lung. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:8179-8193. [PMID: 31632026 PMCID: PMC6790120 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s218456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chlamydia psittaci is a zoonotic bacteria closely associated with psittacosis/ornithosis. Vaccination has been recognized as the best way to inhibit the spread of C. psittaci due to the majority ignored of infections. The optimal Chlamydia vaccine was obstructed by the defect of single immunization route and the lack of availability of nontoxic and valid adjuvants. Methods In this study, we developed a novel immunization strategy, simultaneous (SIM) intramuscular (IM) and intranasal (IN) administration of a C. psittaci antigens (Ags) adjuvanted with chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs). And SIM-CNPs-Ags were used to determine the different types of immune response and the protective role in vivo. Results CNPs-Ags with zeta-potential values of 13.12 mV and of 276.1 nm showed excellent stability and optimal size for crossing the mucosal barrier with high 71.7% encapsulation efficiency. SIM-CPN-Ags mediated stronger humoral and mucosal responses by producing meaningfully high levels of IgG and secretory IgA (sIgA) antibodies. The SIM route also led to Ags-specific T-cell responses and increased IFN-γ, IL-2, TNF-α and IL-17A in the splenocyte supernatants. Following respiratory infection with C. psittaci, we found that SIM immunization remarkably reduced bacterial load and the degree of inflammation in the infected lungs and made for a lower level of IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-6. Furthermore, SIM vaccination with CNPs-Ags had obviously inhibited C. psittaci disseminating to various organs in vivo. Conclusion SIM immunization with CNPs-adjuvanted C. psittaci Ags may present a novel strategy for the development of a vaccine against the C. psittaci infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Institution of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Institution of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenjie Sun
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Institution of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Institution of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoliang Yan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Institution of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqing Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Institution of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Yu
- Department of Experimental Zoology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yimou Wu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Institution of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, People's Republic of China
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81
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Luo J, Liu XP, Xiong FF, Gao FX, Yi YL, Zhang M, Chen Z, Tan WS. Enhancing Immune Response and Heterosubtypic Protection Ability of Inactivated H7N9 Vaccine by Using STING Agonist as a Mucosal Adjuvant. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2274. [PMID: 31611875 PMCID: PMC6777483 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza vaccines for H7N9 subtype have shown low immunogenicity in human clinical trials. Using novel adjuvants might represent the optimal available option in vaccine development. In this study, we demonstrated that the using of the STING agonist cGAMP as a mucosal adjuvant is effective in enhancing humoral, cellular and mucosal immune responses of whole virus, inactivated H7N9 vaccine in mice. A single dose of immunization was able to completely protect mice against a high lethal doses of homologous virus challenge with an significant dose-sparing effect. We also found that intranasal co-administration of H7N9 vaccine with cGAMP could provide effective cross protection against H1N1, H3N2, and H9N2 influenza virus. Furthermore, cGAMP induced significantly higher nucleoprotein specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells responses in immunized mice, as well as upregulated the IFN-γ and Granzyme B expression in the lung tissue of mice in the early stages post a heterosubtypic virus challenge. These results indicated that STING agonist cGAMP was expected to be an effective mucosal immune adjuvant for pre-pandemic vaccines such as H7N9 vaccines, and the cGAMP combined nasal inactivated influenza vaccine will also be a promising strategy for development of broad-spectrum influenza vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Biological Products, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu-Ping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei-Fei Xiong
- Shanghai Institute of Biological Products, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei-Xia Gao
- Shanghai Institute of Biological Products, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Lei Yi
- Shanghai Institute of Biological Products, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Biological Products, Shanghai, China
| | - Ze Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Biological Products, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Song Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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82
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Evaluation of CpG-ODN-adjuvanted polyanhydride-based intranasal influenza nanovaccine in pigs. Vet Microbiol 2019; 237:108401. [PMID: 31585639 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.108401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Influenza results in significant economic loss in the swine industry each year. A broadly protective swine influenza vaccine would have the dual benefit of protecting pigs from influenza A viruses (IAVs) and limiting their possible zoonotic transmission to humans. In this study, we developed polyanhydride nanoparticles-based swine influenza vaccine (KAg + CpG-nanovaccine) co-encapsulating inacticated/killed soluble antigen (KAg) and Toll-like receptor (TLR)-9 agonist (CpG-ODN). The immunogenicity and protective efficacy of KAg + CpG-nanovaccine was compared with KAg vaccine containing five-times greater quantity of antigens following heterologous virus challenge. Prime-boost intranasally delivered KAg + CpG-nanovaccine induced significantly higher levels of cross-reactive antigen-specific IgA antibody responses in the nasal cavity, greater lymphoproliferative response in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and higher IFN-γ secretion during antigen-induced recall responses of PBMCs and tracheobronchial lymph nodes cells compared to those immunized with KAg alone. Importantly, KAg + CpG-nanovaccine provided better protective efficacy through a significant reduction in influenza-induced fever, 16-fold reduction of nasal virus shedding and 80-fold reduction in lung virus titers compared to those immunized with soluble KAg. Our results indicated that CpG-ODN-adjuvanted polyanhydride nanovaccine can induce higher mucosal antibody and cellular immune responses in pigs; and provide better protection as compared with intranasally delivered soluble KAg.
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83
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Zhang J, Fu X, Zhang Y, Zhu W, Zhou Y, Yuan G, Liu X, Ai T, Zeng L, Su J. Chitosan and anisodamine improve the immune efficacy of inactivated infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus vaccine in Siniperca chuatsi. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 89:52-60. [PMID: 30904683 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Siniperca chuatsi is an economically important fish in China, but infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) causes high mortality and significant economic losses. Currently, vaccination is the most promising strategy to prevent infectious diseases, while adjuvant can effectively enhance immune responses. In this study, inactivated ISKNV vaccine was prepared, then poly (I:C), chitosan, anisodamine and ims1312 were used as adjuvants to evaluate the effect on the immune responses and ISKNV replication. Chitosan could strongly boost the protection of liver and spleen tissues by pathological sections. In serum, poly (I:C) and chitosan group had protective effect on catalase, acid phosphatase, blood urea nitrogen. mRNA expressions showed these adjuvants induced the cytokines of early immune responses (TNF-α, Viperin) in both spleen and mesonephron by real time quantitative RT-PCR assays. Meanwhile, poly (I:C), chitosan and anisodamine were significantly improved the antiviral function and inhibited ISKNV replication. Chitosan and anisodamine played a significantly protective role in the immune protective rate test. The results indicated that all the four adjuvants are valid in the inactivated ISKNV vaccine, and chitosan is recommended preferentially. The present study provides reference for other animal vaccine adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Zhang
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xiaozhe Fu
- Pearl River Fishery Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Yanqi Zhang
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Division of Fish Disease, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430223, China
| | - Gailing Yuan
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Taoshan Ai
- Wuhan Chopper Fishery Bio-Tech Co.,Ltd, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, 430207, China
| | - Lingbing Zeng
- Division of Fish Disease, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430223, China
| | - Jianguo Su
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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84
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Matthijs AMF, Auray G, Jakob V, García-Nicolás O, Braun RO, Keller I, Bruggman R, Devriendt B, Boyen F, Guzman CA, Michiels A, Haesebrouck F, Collin N, Barnier-Quer C, Maes D, Summerfield A. Systems Immunology Characterization of Novel Vaccine Formulations for Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Bacterins. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1087. [PMID: 31178860 PMCID: PMC6543460 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We characterized five different vaccine candidates and a commercial vaccine in terms of safety, immunogenicity and using a systems vaccinology approach, with the aim to select novel vaccine candidates against Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. Seven groups of six M. hyopneumoniae-free piglets were primo- and booster vaccinated with the different experimental bacterin formulations, the commercial vaccine Hyogen® as a positive control or PBS as a negative control. The experimental bacterin was formulated with cationic liposomes + c-di-AMP (Lipo_AMP), cationic liposomes + Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2/1, TLR7, and TLR9 ligands (TLR ligands; Lipo_TLR), micro-particles + TLR ligands (PLGA_TLR), squalene-in-water emulsion + TLR ligands (SWE_TLR), or DDA:TDB liposomes (Lipo_DDA:TDB). Lipo_DDA:TDB and Lipo_AMP were the most potent in terms of serum antibody induction, and Lipo_DDA:TDB, Lipo_AMP, and SWE_TLR significantly induced Th1 cytokine-secreting T-cells. Only PLGA_TLR appeared to induce Th17 cells, but was unable to induce serum antibodies. The transcriptomic analyses demonstrated that the induction of inflammatory and myeloid cell blood transcriptional modules (BTM) in the first 24 h after vaccination correlated well with serum antibodies, while negative correlations with the same modules were found 7 days post-vaccination. Furthermore, many cell cycle and T-cell BTM upregulated at day seven correlated positively with adaptive immune responses. When comparing the delivery of the identical TLR ligands with the three formulations, we found SWE_TLR to be more potent in the induction of an early innate immune response, while the liposomal formulation more strongly promoted late cell cycle and T-cell BTM. For the PLGA formulation we found signs of a delayed and weak perturbation of these BTM. Lipo_AMP was found to be the most potent vaccine at inducing a BTM profile similar to that correlating with adaptive immune response in this and other studies. Taken together, we identified four promising vaccine candidates able to induce M. hyopneumoniae-specific antibody and T-cell responses. In addition, we have adapted a systems vaccinology approach developed for human to pigs and demonstrated its capacity in identifying early immune signatures in the blood relating to adaptive immune responses. This approach represents an important step in a more rational design of efficacious vaccines for pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneleen M F Matthijs
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Gaël Auray
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, Mittelhäusern, Switzerland.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Virginie Jakob
- Vaccine Formulation Laboratory, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Obdulio García-Nicolás
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, Mittelhäusern, Switzerland.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Roman O Braun
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, Mittelhäusern, Switzerland.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Irene Keller
- Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rémy Bruggman
- Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Bert Devriendt
- Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Filip Boyen
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Carlos A Guzman
- Department of Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Annelies Michiels
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Freddy Haesebrouck
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Collin
- Vaccine Formulation Laboratory, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | | | - Dominiek Maes
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Artur Summerfield
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, Mittelhäusern, Switzerland.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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85
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Casadei E, Salinas I. Comparative models for human nasal infections and immunity. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 92:212-222. [PMID: 30513304 PMCID: PMC7102639 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2018.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The human olfactory system is a mucosal surface and a major portal of entry for respiratory and neurotropic pathogens into the body. Understanding how the human nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) halts the progression of pathogens into the lower respiratory tract or the central nervous system is key for developing effective cures. Although traditionally mice have been used as the gold-standard model for the study of human nasal diseases, mouse models present important caveats due to major anatomical and functional differences of the human and murine olfactory system and NALT. We summarize the NALT anatomy of different animal groups that have thus far been used to study host-pathogen interactions at the olfactory mucosa and to test nasal vaccines. The goal of this review is to highlight the strengths and limitations of each animal model of nasal immunity and to identify the areas of research that require further investigation to advance human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Casadei
- University of New Mexico, Department of Biology, Center for Evolutionary and Theoretical Immunology (CETI), Albuquerque, NM, USA.
| | - Irene Salinas
- University of New Mexico, Department of Biology, Center for Evolutionary and Theoretical Immunology (CETI), Albuquerque, NM, USA
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86
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Al-Halifa S, Gauthier L, Arpin D, Bourgault S, Archambault D. Nanoparticle-Based Vaccines Against Respiratory Viruses. Front Immunol 2019; 10:22. [PMID: 30733717 PMCID: PMC6353795 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The respiratory mucosa is the primary portal of entry for numerous viruses such as the respiratory syncytial virus, the influenza virus and the parainfluenza virus. These pathogens initially infect the upper respiratory tract and then reach the lower respiratory tract, leading to diseases. Vaccination is an affordable way to control the pathogenicity of viruses and constitutes the strategy of choice to fight against infections, including those leading to pulmonary diseases. Conventional vaccines based on live-attenuated pathogens present a risk of reversion to pathogenic virulence while inactivated pathogen vaccines often lead to a weak immune response. Subunit vaccines were developed to overcome these issues. However, these vaccines may suffer from a limited immunogenicity and, in most cases, the protection induced is only partial. A new generation of vaccines based on nanoparticles has shown great potential to address most of the limitations of conventional and subunit vaccines. This is due to recent advances in chemical and biological engineering, which allow the design of nanoparticles with a precise control over the size, shape, functionality and surface properties, leading to enhanced antigen presentation and strong immunogenicity. This short review provides an overview of the advantages associated with the use of nanoparticles as vaccine delivery platforms to immunize against respiratory viruses and highlights relevant examples demonstrating their potential as safe, effective and affordable vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soultan Al-Halifa
- Département de Chimie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering and Applications, PROTEO, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Laurie Gauthier
- Département de Chimie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering and Applications, PROTEO, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie Porcine et Avicole (CRIPA), Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Dominic Arpin
- Département de Chimie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering and Applications, PROTEO, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie Porcine et Avicole (CRIPA), Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Steve Bourgault
- Département de Chimie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering and Applications, PROTEO, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie Porcine et Avicole (CRIPA), Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Denis Archambault
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie Porcine et Avicole (CRIPA), Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
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87
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Cafferata EA, Alvarez C, Diaz KT, Maureira M, Monasterio G, González FE, Covarrubias C, Vernal R. Multifunctional nanocarriers for the treatment of periodontitis: Immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, and regenerative strategies. Oral Dis 2019; 25:1866-1878. [PMID: 30565778 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease, in which the host immuno-inflammatory response against the dysbiotic subgingival biofilm leads to the breakdown of periodontal tissues. Most of the available treatments seem to be effective in the short-term; nevertheless, permanent periodical controls and patient compliance compromise long-term success. Different strategies have been proposed for the modulation of the host immune response as potential therapeutic tools to take a better care of most susceptible periodontitis patients, such as drug local delivery approaches. Though, maintaining an effective drug concentration for a prolonged period of time has not been achieved yet. In this context, advanced drug delivery strategies using biodegradable nanocarriers have been proposed to avoid toxicity and frequency-related problems of treatment. The versatility of distinct nanocarriers allows the improvement of their loading and release capabilities and could be potentially used for microbiological control, periodontal regeneration, and/or immunomodulation. In the present review, we revise and discuss the most frequent biodegradable nanocarrier strategies proposed for the treatment of periodontitis, including polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA), chitosan, and silica-derived nanoparticles, and further suggest novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio A Cafferata
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
| | - Carla Alvarez
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Karla T Diaz
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Miguel Maureira
- Laboratory of Nanobiomaterials, ICOD, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gustavo Monasterio
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fermín E González
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology and Cancer, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian Covarrubias
- Laboratory of Nanobiomaterials, ICOD, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rolando Vernal
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Dentistry Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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88
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Dhakal S, Lu F, Ghimire S, Renu S, Lakshmanappa YS, Hogshead BT, Ragland D, HogenEsch H, Renukaradhya GJ. Corn-derived alpha-D-glucan nanoparticles as adjuvant for intramuscular and intranasal immunization in pigs. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 16:226-235. [PMID: 30611772 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Adjuvant potential of positively charged corn-derived nanoparticles (Nano-11) was earlier revealed in mice. We evaluated its adjuvant role to electrostatically adsorbed inactivated/killed swine influenza virus antigen (KAg) (Nano-11 + KAg) in pigs. Nano-11 facilitated the uptake of KAg by antigen presenting cells and induced secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. In pigs vaccinated by an intranasal mist containing Nano-11 + KAg, expression of T-helper 1 and T-helper 2 transcription factors and secretion of cross-reactive influenza antigen-specific mucosal IgA in the nasal cavity were observed. The enhanced frequencies of IFN-γ positive T-helper and cytotoxic T-cells in Nano-11 + KAg-vaccinates after heterologous virus challenge were also observed. Clinically, slightly reduced influenza signs and pneumonic lesions, with mild reduction in virus load in the respiratory tract of vaccinates were observed. In pigs immunized with Nano-11 adsorbed ovalbumin administered by intramuscular (IM) route, enhanced IgG1 and IgG2 antibodies were detected in serum. Thus, Nano-11 vaccine delivery system confers adjuvant effect in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Dhakal
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center and Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, United States
| | - Fangjia Lu
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Shristi Ghimire
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center and Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, United States
| | - Sankar Renu
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center and Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, United States
| | - Yashavanth Shaan Lakshmanappa
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center and Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, United States
| | - Bradley T Hogshead
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center and Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, United States
| | - Darryl Ragland
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Harm HogenEsch
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Gourapura J Renukaradhya
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center and Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, United States.
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89
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Rai M, Jamil B. Nanoformulations: A Valuable Tool in the Therapy of Viral Diseases Attacking Humans and Animals. Nanotheranostics 2019. [PMCID: PMC7121811 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-29768-8_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Various viruses can be considered as one of the most frequent causes of human diseases, from mild illnesses to really serious sicknesses that end fatally. Numerous viruses are also pathogenic to animals and plants, and many of them, mutating, become pathogenic also to humans. Several cases of affecting humans by originally animal viruses have been confirmed. Viral infections cause significant morbidity and mortality in humans, the increase of which is caused by general immunosuppression of the world population, changes in climate, and overall globalization. In spite of the fact that the pharmaceutical industry pays great attention to human viral infections, many of clinically used antivirals demonstrate also increased toxicity against human cells, limited bioavailability, and thus, not entirely suitable therapeutic profile. In addition, due to resistance, a combination of antivirals is needed for life-threatening infections. Thus, the development of new antiviral agents is of great importance for the control of virus spread. On the other hand, the discovery and development of structurally new antivirals represent risks. Therefore, another strategy is being developed, namely the reformulation of existing antivirals into nanoformulations and investigation of various metal and metalloid nanoparticles with respect to their diagnostic, prophylactic, and therapeutic antiviral applications. This chapter is focused on nanoscale materials/formulations with the potential to be used for the treatment or inhibition of the spread of viral diseases caused by human immunodeficiency virus, influenza A viruses (subtypes H3N2 and H1N1), avian influenza and swine influenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus, herpes simplex virus, hepatitis B and C viruses, Ebola and Marburg viruses, Newcastle disease virus, dengue and Zika viruses, and pseudorabies virus. Effective antiviral long-lasting and target-selective nanoformulations developed for oral, intravenous, intramuscular, intranasal, intrarectal, intravaginal, and intradermal applications are discussed. Benefits of nanoparticle-based vaccination formulations with the potential to secure cross protection against divergent viruses are outlined as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahendra Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Amravati, Maharashtra, India, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí Brazil
| | - Bushra Jamil
- Department of DMLS, University of Lahore, Islamabad, Pakistan
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90
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Abstract
Annually recurring seasonal influenza causes massive economic loss and poses severe threats to public health worldwide. The current seasonal influenza vaccines are the most effective means of preventing influenza infections but possess major weaknesses. Seasonal influenza vaccines require annual updating of the vaccine strains. However, it is an unreachable task to accurately predict the future circulating strains. Vaccines with mismatched strains dramatically compromise the vaccine efficacy. In addition, the seasonal influenza vaccines are ineffective against an unpredictable pandemic. A universal influenza vaccine would overcome these weaknesses of the seasonal vaccines and abolish the threat of influenza pandemics. One approach under investigation is to design influenza vaccine immunogens based on conserved, type-specific amino acid sequences and conformational epitopes, rather than strain-specific. Such vaccines can elicit broadly reactive humoral and cellular immunity. Universal influenza vaccine development has intensively employed nanotechnology because the structural and morphological properties of nanoparticles dramatically improve vaccine immunogenicity and the induced immunity duration. Layered protein nanoparticles can decrease off-target immune responses, fine-tune antigen recognition and processing, and facilitate comprehensive immune response induction. Herein, we review the designs of effective nanoparticle universal influenza vaccines, the recent discoveries of specific nanoparticle features that contribute to immunogenicity enhancement, and recent progress in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Deng
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Georgia State University, 145 Piedmont Avenue SE, Atlanta, Georgia 30302-3965, United States
| | - Bao-Zhong Wang
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Georgia State University, 145 Piedmont Avenue SE, Atlanta, Georgia 30302-3965, United States
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91
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Renu S, Markazi AD, Dhakal S, Lakshmanappa YS, Gourapura SR, Shanmugasundaram R, Senapati S, Narasimhan B, Selvaraj RK, Renukaradhya GJ. Surface engineered polyanhydride-based oral Salmonella subunit nanovaccine for poultry. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:8195-8215. [PMID: 30555234 PMCID: PMC6280892 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s185588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Salmonellosis is a severe economic threat in poultry and a public health concern. Currently available vaccines are ineffective, and thus, developing effective oral Salmonella vaccine is warranted. Especially, a potent oral vaccine such as the mucoadhesive polyanhydride nanoparticle (PNP) protects the vaccine cargo and delivers to intestinal immune sites to elicit robust mucosal immunity and mitigate Salmonella colonization and shedding. MATERIALS AND METHODS We designed a Salmonella subunit vaccine using PNP containing immunogenic Salmonella outer membrane proteins (OMPs) and flagellar (F) protein-entrapped and surface F-protein-coated PNPs (OMPs-F-PNPs) using a solvent displacement method. Using high-throughput techniques, we characterized the OMPs-F-PNPs physicochemical properties and analyzed its efficacy in layer birds vaccinated orally. RESULTS The candidate vaccine was resistant in acidic microenvironment and had ideal physicochemical properties for oral delivery in terms of particle size, charge, morphology, biocompatibility, and pH stability. In vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo studies showed that F-protein surface-anchored nanoparticles were better targeted to chicken immune cells in peripheral blood and splenocytes and intestinal Peyer's patch sites. In layer chickens inoculated orally with OMPs-F-PNPs, substantially higher OMPs-specific IgG response and secretion of Th1 cytokine IFN-γ in the serum, enhanced CD8+/CD4+ cell ratio in spleen, and increased OMPs-specific lymphocyte proliferation were observed. OMPs-F-PNPs vaccination also upregulated the expression of toll-like receptor (TLR)-2 and -4, TGF-β, and IL-4 cytokines' genes in chicken cecal tonsils (lymphoid tissues). Importantly, OMPs-F-PNPs vaccine cleared Salmonella cecal colonization in 33% of vaccinated birds. CONCLUSION This pilot in vivo study demonstrated the targeted delivery of OMPs-F-PNPs to ileum mucosal immune sites of chickens and induced specific immune response to mitigate Salmonella colonization in intestines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankar Renu
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA,
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA,
| | - Ashley D Markazi
- Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Santosh Dhakal
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA,
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA,
| | - Yashavanth S Lakshmanappa
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA,
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA,
| | - Suren R Gourapura
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA,
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA,
| | - Revathi Shanmugasundaram
- Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Sujata Senapati
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Balaji Narasimhan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Ramesh K Selvaraj
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA,
| | - Gourapura J Renukaradhya
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA,
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA,
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92
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Wang Y, Deng L, Kang SM, Wang BZ. Universal influenza vaccines: from viruses to nanoparticles. Expert Rev Vaccines 2018; 17:967-976. [PMID: 30365905 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2018.1541408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The current seasonal influenza vaccine confers only limited protection due to waning antibodies or the antigenic shift and drift of major influenza surface antigens. A universal influenza vaccine which induces broad cross-protection against divergent influenza viruses with a comparable or better efficacy to seasonal influenza vaccines against matched strains will negate the need for an annual update of vaccine strains and protect against possible influenza pandemics. AREAS COVERED In this review, we summarize the recent progress in nanoparticle-based universal influenza vaccine development. We compared the most potent nanoparticle categories, focusing on how they encapsulate conserved influenza epitopes, stimulate the innate and adaptive immune systems, exhibit antigen depot effect, extend the period for antigen-processing and presentation, and exert an intrinsic adjuvant effect on inducing robust immune responses. EXPERT COMMENTARY The development of an effective universal influenza vaccine is an urgent task. Traditional influenza vaccine approaches are not sufficient for preventing recurrent epidemics or occasional pandemics. Nanoparticles are compatible with different immunogens and immune stimulators and can overcome the intrinsically low immunogenicity of conserved influenza virus antigens. We foresee that an affordable universal influenza vaccine will be available within ten years by integrating nanoparticles with other targeted delivery and controlled release technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Wang
- a Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection , Georgia State University Institute for Biomedical Sciences , Atlanta , GA , USA
| | - Lei Deng
- a Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection , Georgia State University Institute for Biomedical Sciences , Atlanta , GA , USA
| | - Sang-Moo Kang
- a Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection , Georgia State University Institute for Biomedical Sciences , Atlanta , GA , USA
| | - Bao-Zhong Wang
- a Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection , Georgia State University Institute for Biomedical Sciences , Atlanta , GA , USA
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Bernasconi V, Bernocchi B, Ye L, Lê MQ, Omokanye A, Carpentier R, Schön K, Saelens X, Staeheli P, Betbeder D, Lycke N. Porous Nanoparticles With Self-Adjuvanting M2e-Fusion Protein and Recombinant Hemagglutinin Provide Strong and Broadly Protective Immunity Against Influenza Virus Infections. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2060. [PMID: 30271406 PMCID: PMC6146233 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the high risk of an outbreak of pandemic influenza, the development of a broadly protective universal influenza vaccine is highly warranted. The design of such a vaccine has attracted attention and much focus has been given to nanoparticle-based influenza vaccines which can be administered intranasally. This is particularly interesting since, contrary to injectable vaccines, mucosal vaccines elicit local IgA and lung resident T cell immunity, which have been found to correlate with stronger protection in experimental models of influenza virus infections. Also, studies in human volunteers have indicated that pre-existing CD4+ T cells correlate well to increased resistance against infection. We have previously developed a fusion protein with 3 copies of the ectodomain of matrix protein 2 (M2e), which is one of the most explored conserved influenza A virus antigens for a broadly protective vaccine known today. To improve the protective ability of the self-adjuvanting fusion protein, CTA1-3M2e-DD, we incorporated it into porous maltodextrin nanoparticles (NPLs). This proof-of-principle study demonstrates that the combined vaccine vector given intranasally enhanced immune protection against a live challenge infection and reduced the risk of virus transmission between immunized and unimmunized individuals. Most importantly, immune responses to NPLs that also contained recombinant hemagglutinin (HA) were strongly enhanced in a CTA1-enzyme dependent manner and we achieved broadly protective immunity against a lethal infection with heterosubtypic influenza virus. Immune protection was mediated by enhanced levels of lung resident CD4+ T cells as well as anti-HA and -M2e serum IgG and local IgA antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Bernasconi
- Mucosal Immunobiology and Vaccine Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Beatrice Bernocchi
- Lille Inflammation Research International Center - U995, University of Lille, INSERM and CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Liang Ye
- Institute of Virology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Minh Quan Lê
- Lille Inflammation Research International Center - U995, University of Lille, INSERM and CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Ajibola Omokanye
- Mucosal Immunobiology and Vaccine Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rodolphe Carpentier
- Lille Inflammation Research International Center - U995, University of Lille, INSERM and CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Karin Schön
- Mucosal Immunobiology and Vaccine Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Xavier Saelens
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Staeheli
- Institute of Virology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Didier Betbeder
- Lille Inflammation Research International Center - U995, University of Lille, INSERM and CHU Lille, Lille, France.,Faculté des Sciences du Sport, University of Artois, Arras, France
| | - Nils Lycke
- Mucosal Immunobiology and Vaccine Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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