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Ortiz-Luevano R, López-Bucio J, Martínez-Trujillo M, Sánchez-Calderón L. Changes induced by lead in root system architecture of Arabidopsis seedlings are mediated by PDR2-LPR1/2 phosphate dependent way. Biometals 2021; 34:603-620. [PMID: 33772672 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-021-00299-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
As sessile organisms, plants respond to changing environments modulating their genetic expression, metabolism and postembryonic developmental program (PDP) to adapt. Among environmental stressor, lead (Pb) is one of the most hazardous pollutants which limits crop productivity. Here, we describe in detail the effects of a wide range of concentrations of Pb on growth and development and a possible convergence with phosphate (Pi) starvation response. We found that the response to Pb presents a biphasic curve dose response in biomass accumulation: below 400 µM show a stimulatory effect meanwhile at Pb doses up to 600 µM effects are inhibitory. We found that +Pb (800 µM) modifies root system architecture (RSA) and induces acidification media, according to in silico ion interaction, in the growing medium Pb and Pi coprecipitate and plants grow in both Pi deficiency and Pb stress at the same time, however in spite of seedlings are under Pi starvation AtPT2 expression are Pb downregulated indicating that in addition to Pi starvation stress, Pb regulates physiological responses in root system. Using the mutants stop1, lpr1/2 and lpi3, which are affected in Pi starvation response, we found that changes in RSA by +Pb is genetically regulated and there are shared pathways with Pi starvation response mediated by PDR2-LPR1/2 and LPI3 pathways since lpr1/2 and lpi3 mutants are insensitive to +Pb and Pi starvation. Taking together, these results indicate that similar changes in RSA induced by independent environmental stimuli +Pb and Pi starvation are due to similar mediated response by PDR2-LPR1/2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Ortiz-Luevano
- Facultad de Biología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edificio R, Ciudad Universitaria, 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, México.,Laboratorio de Genómica Evolutiva, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Campus II, 98066, Zacatecas, Zacatecas, México
| | - José López-Bucio
- Instituto de Investigaciones Quıímico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edificio B3, Ciudad Universitaria, 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Miguel Martínez-Trujillo
- Facultad de Biología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edificio R, Ciudad Universitaria, 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Lenin Sánchez-Calderón
- Laboratorio de Genómica Evolutiva, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Campus II, 98066, Zacatecas, Zacatecas, México.
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Shi W, Zhou J, Li J, Ma C, Zhang Y, Deng S, Yu W, Luo ZB. Lead exposure-induced defense responses result in low lead translocation from the roots to aerial tissues of two contrasting poplar species. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 271:116346. [PMID: 33387784 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To explore whether lead (Pb)-induced defense responses are responsible for the low root-to-shoot Pb translocation, we exposed saplings of the two contrasting poplar species, Populus × canescens with relatively high root-to-shoot Pb translocation and P. nigra with low Pb translocation, to 0 or 8 mM PbCl2. Pb translocation from the roots to aboveground tissues was lower by 57% in P. nigra than that in P. × canescens. Lower Pb concentrations in the roots and aerial tissues, greater root biomass, and lower ROS overproduction in the roots were found in P. nigra than those in P. × canescens treated with Pb. P. nigra roots had higher proportions of cell walls (CWs)-bound Pb and water insoluble Pb compounds, and higher transcript levels of some pivotal genes related to Pb vacuolar sequestration, such as phytochelatin synthetase 1.1 (PCS1.1), ATP-binding cassette transporter C1.1 (ABCC1.1) and ABCC3.1 than P. × canescens roots. Pb exposure induced defense responses including increases in the contents of pectin and hemicellulose, and elevated oxalic acid accumulation, and the transcriptional upregulation of PCS1.1, ABCC1.1 and ABCC3.1 in the roots of P. nigra and P. × canescens. These results suggest that the stronger defense barriers in P. nigra roots are probably associated with the lower Pb translocation from the roots to aerial tissues, and that Pb exposure-induced defense responses can enhance the barriers against Pb translocation in poplar roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenguang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Chaofeng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Shurong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Wenjian Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China.
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Tossetta G, Fantone S, Giannubilo SR, Marzioni D. The Multifaced Actions of Curcumin in Pregnancy Outcome. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10010126. [PMID: 33477354 PMCID: PMC7830020 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin, also known as diferuloylmethane, is the main polyphenolic substance present in the rhizomes of Curcuma longa L. This plant showed many beneficial effects and has been used since ancient times for both food and pharmaceutical purposes. Due to its pleiotropic functions, curcumin consumption in the human diet has become very common thanks also to the fact that this natural compound is considered quite safe as it does not have serious side effects. Its functions as an anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, neuroprotective, immunomodulatory, anti-toxicant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-diabetic compound are already known and widely demonstrated. There are numerous studies concerning its effects on various human pathologies including cancer, diabetes and arthritis while the studies on curcumin during pregnancy have been performed only in animal models. Data concerning the role of curcumin as anti-inflammatory compound suggest a possible use of curcumin in managing pregnancy complications such as Preeclampsia (PE), Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), Fetal Growth Restriction (FGR), PreTerm Birth (PTB), and exposure to toxic agents and pathogens. The aim of this review is to present data to support the possible use of curcumin in clinical trials on human gestation complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Tossetta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (G.T.); (S.F.)
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Salesi Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, 60126 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Sonia Fantone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (G.T.); (S.F.)
| | - Stefano Raffaele Giannubilo
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Salesi Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, 60126 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Daniela Marzioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (G.T.); (S.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.:+39-071.2206268
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Castro-Bedriñana J, Chirinos-Peinado D, Garcia-Olarte E, Quispe-Ramos R. Lead transfer in the soil-root-plant system in a highly contaminated Andean area. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10624. [PMID: 33505801 PMCID: PMC7792523 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is highly toxic heavy metal that is detrimental to the food system. There are large mining and metallurgical companies in the central highlands of Peru that have been active for almost a century and contribute to air, water, and soil pollution, affecting food quality and causing damage to the environment and human health. Our study, conducted in 2018, assessed the content and transfer of lead in the soil-root-plant system in the high Andean grasslands in a geographical area near the metallurgical complex of La Oroya. Lead levels were measured in 120 samples of top soil (0–20 cm), roots, and grass shoots by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. No significant differences were found between the soil pH, organic matter content, and lead among the samples evaluated (P > 0.05). Mean Pb concentrations decreased in the order of soil > root > shoot (P < 0.01) (212.36 ± 38.40, 154.65 ± 52.85 and 19.71 ± 2.81 mg/kg, respectively). The soil-to-root Pb bioconcentration factor, root-to-shoot translocation factor, and soil-to-shoot bioaccumulation factor values were 0.74 ± 0.26, 0.14 ± 0.06 and 0.10 ± 0.03, respectively. Lead in the soil was 3.03 times higher than the maximum limit for agricultural soil, and was 1.97 times higher than the value limit for fodder. Our findings are important and show that soils and pasture in this geographical area have high Pb levels due to metallurgical emissions that have been occurring since 1922. Such pollution negatively impacts health and the socio-economic status of the exposed populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Castro-Bedriñana
- Specialized Research Institute of the Faculty of Zootechnics, Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, Huancayo, Junín, Perú
| | - Doris Chirinos-Peinado
- Nutritional Food Safety Research Center, Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, Huancayo, Junín, Perú
| | - Edgar Garcia-Olarte
- Faculty of Zootechnics, Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, Huancayo, Junín, Perú
| | - Rolando Quispe-Ramos
- Faculty of Zootechnics, Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, Huancayo, Junín, Perú
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55
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Li X, Huang S, McBride MB. Rhizosphere effect on Pb solubility and phytoavailability in Pb-Contaminated soils. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 268:115840. [PMID: 33120158 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The effect of plant roots in modifying Pb solubility and bioavailability in an historically contaminated orchard (Hudson) and a Pb phosphate-spiked (Arkport) soil was determined by measuring soluble Pb in the soil solutions as well as content of Pb in radish shoots grown in these soils. Soluble Pb and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) contents were greater in the rhizospheres of both Pb-contaminated soils than in the unplanted high-Pb soils. The rhizosphere effect increased soluble Pb 15-fold in the field-contaminated orchard soil, whereas the effect was much smaller in the Pb phosphate-spiked soil. The rhizosphere effect persisted in the Pb-phosphate spiked soil after adjustment of the soil pH from 7.8 to 6.7. The results indicate that Pb phosphate added to a non-acid soil has lower solubility than Pb in an orchard soil contaminated by historical Pb arsenate applications; nevertheless, some uptake of Pb into plant shoots resulted from both sources of soil Pb contamination. The rhizosphere effect was observed for trace metals in addition to Pb, with the solubility of Al, Fe, Cu and Ni all increasing in the rhizosphere soil. In contrast, the solubility of alkali and alkaline earth metals (K, Ca, Mg, Sr, Ba) all decreased in the rhizosphere soil. The results indicate that the rhizosphere effect associated with plant roots can raise the solubility of Pb in soils contaminated by legacy Pb and by insoluble Pb phosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Li
- Section of Soil and Crop Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - Samantha Huang
- Section of Soil and Crop Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - M B McBride
- Section of Soil and Crop Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA.
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56
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Romdhane L, Ebinezer LB, Panozzo A, Barion G, Dal Cortivo C, Radhouane L, Vamerali T. Effects of Soil Amendment With Wood Ash on Transpiration, Growth, and Metal Uptake in Two Contrasting Maize ( Zea mays L.) Hybrids to Drought Tolerance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021. [PMID: 34093619 DOI: 10.3390/agronomy11010178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Wood ash as a soil amendment has gained wide spread acceptance in the recent years as a sustainable alternative to chemical fertilizers, although information regarding the effects of its application on maize growth and yield in the context of climate change and increasing drought severity is lacking till date. In the present study, field and pot trials were carried out at the experimental farm of the University of Padova at Legnaro (NE Italy) in a silty-loam soil in order to investigate the effects of soil amendment with wood ash (0.1% w/w, incorporated into the 0.2-m top soil) on the bioavailability of mineral elements and their uptake by maize. Characteristics analyzed included plant growth, leaf transpiration dynamics, and productivity in two contrasting hybrids, P1921 (drought sensitive) and D24 (drought tolerant). Wood ash contained relevant amounts of Ca, K, Mg, P, and S, and hazardous levels of Zn (732 mg kg-1), Pb (527 mg kg-1), and Cu (129 mg kg-1), although no significant changes in total soil element concentration, pH, and electrical conductivity were detected in open field. Ash application led to a general increasing trend of diethylene triamine penta-acetic acid (DTPA)-extractable of various elements, bringing to higher grain P in D24 hybrid, and Zn and Ni reductions in P1921 hybrid. Here, the results demonstrated that ash amendment enhanced shoot growth and the number of leaves, causing a reduction of harvest index, without affecting grain yield in both hybrids. The most relevant result was a retarded inhibition of leaf transpiration under artificial progressive water stress, particularly in the drought-tolerant D24 hybrid that could be sustained by root growth improvements in the field across the whole 0-1.5 m soil profile in D24, and in the amended top soil in P1921. It is concluded that woody ash can be profitably exploited in maize fertilization for enhancing shoot and root growth and drought tolerance, thanks to morphological and physiological improvements, although major benefits are expected to be achieved in drought tolerant hybrids. Attention should be payed when using ash derived by metal contaminated wood stocks to avoid any health risk in food uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Romdhane
- Laboratoire Sciences et Techniques Agronomiques (LR16INRAT05), National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRAT), University of Carthage, Ariana, Tunisia
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and the Environment, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Leonard Barnabas Ebinezer
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and the Environment, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Anna Panozzo
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and the Environment, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Barion
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and the Environment, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Cristian Dal Cortivo
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and the Environment, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Leila Radhouane
- Laboratoire Sciences et Techniques Agronomiques (LR16INRAT05), National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRAT), University of Carthage, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Teofilo Vamerali
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and the Environment, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy
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Peco JD, Higueras P, Campos JA, Olmedilla A, Romero-Puertas MC, Sandalio LM. Deciphering lead tolerance mechanisms in a population of the plant species Biscutella auriculata L. from a mining area: Accumulation strategies and antioxidant defenses. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 261:127721. [PMID: 32745740 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The uptake and distribution of Pb and the mechanisms involved in the metal tolerance have been investigated in a mine population of Biscutella auriculata. Seedlings were exposed to 125 μM Pb(NO3)2 for 15 days under semihydroponic conditions. The results showed an increase in the size of Pb-treated seedlings and symptoms of toxicity were not observed. ICP-OES analyses showed that Pb accumulation was restricted to root tissue. Imaging of Pb accumulation by dithizone histochemistry revealed the presence of the metal in vacuoles and cell wall in root cells. The accumulation of Pb in vacuoles could be stimulated by an increase in phytochelatin PC2 content. Pb did not promote oxidative damage and this is probably due the increase of antioxidative defenses. In the leaves, Pb produced a significant increase in superoxide dismutase activity, while in roots an increase in catalase and components of the Foyer- Halliwell-Asada cycle were observed. The results indicated that Biscutella auriculata has a high capacity to tolerate Pb and this is mainly due to a very efficient mechanism to sequester the metal in roots and a capacity to avoid oxidative stress. This species could therefore be very useful for phytostabilization and repopulation of areas contaminated with Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Peco
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Ronda de Calatrava 7, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain; Instituto de Geología Aplicada, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Plaza de Manuel Meca 1, 13400, Almadén, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - P Higueras
- Instituto de Geología Aplicada, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Plaza de Manuel Meca 1, 13400, Almadén, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - J A Campos
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Ronda de Calatrava 7, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - A Olmedilla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental Del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Apartado 419 E, 18080, Granada, Spain
| | - M C Romero-Puertas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental Del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Apartado 419 E, 18080, Granada, Spain
| | - L M Sandalio
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental Del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Apartado 419 E, 18080, Granada, Spain.
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Duan D, Tong J, Xu Q, Dai L, Ye J, Wu H, Xu C, Shi J. Regulation mechanisms of humic acid on Pb stress in tea plant (Camellia sinensis L.). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 267:115546. [PMID: 32892024 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Though the interaction between humic acid (HA) and heavy metals has been widely reported, the effects of HA on the toxicity of heavy metals to plants are still in debate. In this study, the regulation mechanisms of HA on Pb stress in tea plant (Camellia sinensis L.) was investigated through hydroponic experiments, and the experimental results were explained by using transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning transmission X-ray microscopes (STXM) and isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) differential proteomics. Significant alleviation of Pb stress was found with HA coexistence. TEM results showed that HA greatly mitigated the damage of cells caused by Pb stress. Compared with sole Pb treatment, the addition of HA increased the contents of pectin and pectic acid in the cell wall by 10.5% and 30.5%, while arabinose (Ara) and galactose (Gal) decreased by 20.5% and 15.9%, respectively, which were beneficial for increasing Pb adsorption capacity of the cell wall and promoting cell elongation. Moreover, iTRAQ differential proteomics analysis proved that HA strengthened the antioxidant system, promoted the synthesis of cell wall, and stabilized protein and sulfur-containing substance metabolism in molecular level. Notably, the concentration of calcium (Ca) in the cell wall of HA coexistence treatment was 47.4% higher than Pb treatment. STXM results also indicated that the distribution of Ca in the cell wall was restored with the presence of HA. This might promote the formation of the egg-box model, thus alleviating Pb stress in cells. Our results reveal the regulation mechanisms of HA on Pb detoxification in plants and provide useful information for improving the safety of agricultural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dechao Duan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Towards Environment Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Jianhao Tong
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qiao Xu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Luying Dai
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; CETHIK Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Jien Ye
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hanxin Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Towards Environment Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Jiyan Shi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Hasnaoui SE, Fahr M, Keller C, Levard C, Angeletti B, Chaurand P, Triqui ZEA, Guedira A, Rhazi L, Colin F, Smouni A. Screening of Native Plants Growing on a Pb/Zn Mining Area in Eastern Morocco: Perspectives for Phytoremediation. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E1458. [PMID: 33137928 PMCID: PMC7693513 DOI: 10.3390/plants9111458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Screening of native plant species from mining sites can lead to identify suitable plants for phytoremediation approaches. In this study, we assayed heavy metals tolerance and accumulation in native and dominant plants growing on abandoned Pb/Zn mining site in eastern Morocco. Soil samples and native plants were collected and analyzed for As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Sb, Pb, and Zn concentrations. Bioconcentration factor (BCF), translocation factor (TF), and biological accumulation coefficient (BAC) were determined for each element. Our results showed that soils present low organic matter content combined with high levels of heavy metals especially Pb and Zn due to past extraction activities. Native and dominant plants sampled in these areas were classified into 14 species and eight families. Principal components analysis separated Artemisia herba-alba with high concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Ni, and Pb in shoots from other species. Four plant species, namely, Reseda alba, Cistus libanotis, Stipa tenacissima, and Artemisia herba-alba showed strong capacity to tolerate and hyperaccumulate heavy metals, especially Pb, in their tissues. According to BCF, TF, and BAC, these plant species could be used as effective plants for Pb phytoextraction. Stipa tenacissima and Artemisia herba-alba are better suited for phytostabilization of Cd/Cu and Cu/Zn, respectively. Our study shows that several spontaneous and native plants growing on Pb/Zn contaminated sites have a good potential for developing heavy metals phytoremediation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said El Hasnaoui
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Physiologie Végétales, Centre de Biotechnologie Végétale et Microbienne Biodiversité et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V de Rabat, 10000 Rabat, Morocco; (S.E.H.); (Z.E.A.T.); (A.G.)
- Laboratoire Mixte International Activité Minière Responsable “LMI-AMIR”, IRD/UM5/INAU, 10000 Rabat, Morocco; (C.K.); (C.L.); (B.A.); (P.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Mouna Fahr
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Physiologie Végétales, Centre de Biotechnologie Végétale et Microbienne Biodiversité et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V de Rabat, 10000 Rabat, Morocco; (S.E.H.); (Z.E.A.T.); (A.G.)
- Laboratoire Mixte International Activité Minière Responsable “LMI-AMIR”, IRD/UM5/INAU, 10000 Rabat, Morocco; (C.K.); (C.L.); (B.A.); (P.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Catherine Keller
- Laboratoire Mixte International Activité Minière Responsable “LMI-AMIR”, IRD/UM5/INAU, 10000 Rabat, Morocco; (C.K.); (C.L.); (B.A.); (P.C.); (F.C.)
- Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Collège de France, CEREGE, 13100 Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Clément Levard
- Laboratoire Mixte International Activité Minière Responsable “LMI-AMIR”, IRD/UM5/INAU, 10000 Rabat, Morocco; (C.K.); (C.L.); (B.A.); (P.C.); (F.C.)
- Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Collège de France, CEREGE, 13100 Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Bernard Angeletti
- Laboratoire Mixte International Activité Minière Responsable “LMI-AMIR”, IRD/UM5/INAU, 10000 Rabat, Morocco; (C.K.); (C.L.); (B.A.); (P.C.); (F.C.)
- Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Collège de France, CEREGE, 13100 Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Perrine Chaurand
- Laboratoire Mixte International Activité Minière Responsable “LMI-AMIR”, IRD/UM5/INAU, 10000 Rabat, Morocco; (C.K.); (C.L.); (B.A.); (P.C.); (F.C.)
- Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Collège de France, CEREGE, 13100 Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Zine El Abidine Triqui
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Physiologie Végétales, Centre de Biotechnologie Végétale et Microbienne Biodiversité et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V de Rabat, 10000 Rabat, Morocco; (S.E.H.); (Z.E.A.T.); (A.G.)
- Laboratoire Mixte International Activité Minière Responsable “LMI-AMIR”, IRD/UM5/INAU, 10000 Rabat, Morocco; (C.K.); (C.L.); (B.A.); (P.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Abdelkarim Guedira
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Physiologie Végétales, Centre de Biotechnologie Végétale et Microbienne Biodiversité et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V de Rabat, 10000 Rabat, Morocco; (S.E.H.); (Z.E.A.T.); (A.G.)
- Laboratoire Mixte International Activité Minière Responsable “LMI-AMIR”, IRD/UM5/INAU, 10000 Rabat, Morocco; (C.K.); (C.L.); (B.A.); (P.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Laila Rhazi
- Centre de Biotechnologie Végétale et Microbienne Biodiversité et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V de Rabat, 10000 Rabat, Morocco;
| | - Fabrice Colin
- Laboratoire Mixte International Activité Minière Responsable “LMI-AMIR”, IRD/UM5/INAU, 10000 Rabat, Morocco; (C.K.); (C.L.); (B.A.); (P.C.); (F.C.)
- Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Collège de France, CEREGE, 13100 Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Abdelaziz Smouni
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Physiologie Végétales, Centre de Biotechnologie Végétale et Microbienne Biodiversité et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V de Rabat, 10000 Rabat, Morocco; (S.E.H.); (Z.E.A.T.); (A.G.)
- Laboratoire Mixte International Activité Minière Responsable “LMI-AMIR”, IRD/UM5/INAU, 10000 Rabat, Morocco; (C.K.); (C.L.); (B.A.); (P.C.); (F.C.)
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The Interplay between Toxic and Essential Metals for Their Uptake and Translocation Is Likely Governed by DNA Methylation and Histone Deacetylation in Maize. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186959. [PMID: 32971934 PMCID: PMC7555519 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The persistent nature of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in the environment severely affects plant growth and yield. Conversely, plants acquire zinc (Zn) from the soil for their vital physiological and biochemical functions. However, the interplay and coordination between essential and toxic metals for their uptake and translocation and the putative underlying epigenetic mechanisms have not yet been investigated in maize. Here, we report that the presence of Zn facilitates the accumulation and transport of Pb and Cd in the aerial parts of the maize plants. Moreover, the Zn, Pb, and Cd interplay specifically interferes with the uptake and translocation of other divalent metals, such as calcium and magnesium. Zn, Pb, and Cd, individually and in combinations, differentially regulate the expression of DNA methyltransferases, thus alter the DNA methylation levels at the promoter of Zinc-regulated transporters, Iron-regulated transporter-like Protein (ZIP) genes to regulate their expression. Furthermore, the expression of histone deacetylases (HDACs) varies greatly in response to individual and combined metals, and HDACs expression showed a negative correlation with ZIP transporters. Our study highlights the implication of DNA methylation and histone acetylation in regulating the metal stress tolerance dynamics through Zn transporters and warns against the excessive use of Zn fertilizers in metal contaminated soils.
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Szuba A, Marczak Ł, Kozłowski R. Role of the proteome in providing phenotypic stability in control and ectomycorrhizal poplar plants exposed to chronic mild Pb stress. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 264:114585. [PMID: 32387672 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lead is a dangerous pollutant that accumulates in plant tissues and causes serious damage to plant cell macromolecules. However, plants have evolved numerous tolerance mechanisms, including ectomycorrhizae, to maintain cellular Pb2+ at the lowest possible level. When those mechanisms are successful, Pb-exposed plants should exhibit no negative phenotypic changes. However, actual molecular-level plant adjustments at Pb concentrations below the toxicity threshold are largely unknown, similar to the molecular effects of protective ectomycorrhizal root colonization. In this study, we (1) determined the molecular adjustments in plants exposed to Pb but without visible Pb stress symptoms and (2) examined ectomycorrhizal root colonization (the role of fungal biofilters) with respect to molecular-level Pb perception by plant root cells. Biochemical, microscopic, proteomic and metabolomic studies were performed to determine the molecular status of Populus × canescens microcuttings grown in agar medium enriched with 0.75 mM Pb(NO3)2. Noninoculated and inoculated with Paxillus involutus poplars were analyzed in two independent comparisons of the corresponding control and Pb treatments. After six weeks of growth, Pb caused no negative phenotypic effects. No Pb-exposed poplar showed impaired growth or decreased leaf pigmentation. Proteomic signals of intensified Pb sequestration in the plant cell wall and vacuoles, cytoskeleton modifications, H+-ATPase-14-3-3 interactions, and stabilization of protein turnover in chronically Pb-exposed plants co-occurred with high metabolomic stability. There were no differentially abundant root primary metabolites; only a few differentially abundant root secondary metabolites and no Pb-triggered ROS burst were observed. Our results strongly suggest that proteome adjustments targeting Pb sequestration and ROS scavenging, which are considerably similar but less intensive in ectomycorrhizal poplars than in control poplars due to the P. involutus biofilter (as confirmed in a mineral study), were responsible for the metabolomic and phenotypic stability of poplars exposed to chronic mild Pb stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Szuba
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, 62-035, Kórnik, Poland.
| | - Łukasz Marczak
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704, Poznań, Poland
| | - Rafał Kozłowski
- Institute of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Universytecka 7, 24-406, Kielce, Poland
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Lyu G, Li D, Li S, Ning C, Qin R. Genotoxic effects and proteomic analysis on Allium cepa var. agrogarum L. root cells under Pb stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2020; 29:959-972. [PMID: 32507983 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02236-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Ionic lead (Pb) in the environment has accumulated due to anthropogenic activities, causing a potential threat to plants and plant consumers. We conducted this study to reveal the molecular mechanism of Pb stress response in plants. The effects of Pb (5.0 and 15.0 μM) on mitosis, DNA replication, gene expression and proteins in root-tip cells of Allium cepa var. agrogarum L. were addressed. The results indicated that root growth was inhibited dramatically in Pb treatment groups. Chromosomal aberrations were observed and the mitotic index decreased during Pb treatments at different concentrations. The accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in onion roots was induced by Pb stress. Pb increased DNA damage and suppressed cell cycle progression. The above toxic effects got more serious with increasing Pb concentration and prolonging exposure time. A total of 17 proteins were expressed differentially between control and Pb exposure groups. Under Pb treatment, the decreased expression of Anx D1 indicated decreased defensive response; the decreased expression of SHMT1 indicated decreased respiration; the decreased expression of COMT2 indicated decreased response of other funtions; the increased expression of NDPK indicated increased transcription and protein synthesis; the increased expression of PR1 and CHI1 indicated increased pathogen invasion; the increased expression of ORC5 and MPK5 indicated the reduced DNA replicating activity; the decreased expression of POLD1 indicated the reduced DNA repair activity. Our results provide new insights at the proteomic level into the Pb-induced responses, defensive responses and toxic effects, and provide new molecular markers of the early events of plant responses to Pb toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guizhen Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Dongbing Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Shaoshan Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
| | - Chanjuan Ning
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Rong Qin
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
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González-Villalobos MA, Martínez-Trinidad T, Alarcón A, Plascencia-Escalante FO. Growth and lead uptake by Parkinsonia aculeata L. inoculated with Rhizophagus intraradices. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2020; 23:272-278. [PMID: 32853027 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1812506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The increased lead (Pb) pollution in the biosphere has resulted in serious environmental problems, so it is essential to evaluate phytoremediation strategies for contaminated soils. This study evaluated the growth and Pd absorption capacity of Pakinsonia aculeata, inoculated with an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (Rhizophagus intraradices) over 18 weeks under greenhouse conditions. Treatments included inoculated and non-inoculated plants combined with six Pb concentrations (0, 40, 80, 160, 320, 640 mg·L-1) in the form of Pb(NO3)2. Results showed that mycorrhizal colonization in inoculated plants ranged from 5.0 to 6.7% and favored plant growth. Pb levels and AMF-inoculation had no effects on chlorophyll fluorescence values. AMF-plants absorbed significantly more Pb in roots (237.97 mg·kg-1) than control plants (202.85 mg·kg-1), as well as high translocation to shoots (27.02 mg·kg-1) under the high Pb dose. The increase in Pb concentration reduced the P concentration in roots, and the P and N concentrations in shoots; however, the absorption and translocation of Ca and Mg was increased in shoots. Inoculation of R. intraradices improved both growth and Pb uptake of P. aculeata, under greenhouse conditions suggesting that this tree species may be potentially studied for detoxifying Pb-polluted soils.
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Distribution of Selected Heavy Metals Bioaccumulation in Various Parts of Indigenous Rice (Bokilong, Ponsulak and Taragang) in North Borneo. BORNEO JOURNAL OF RESOURCE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.33736/bjrst.2317.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The prospect of three native upland paddy landraces known as Bokilong, Ponsulak and Taragang as heavy metals accumulator for phytoremediation was determined. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, and Zn) in various parts of paddy plants collected from Kiulu valley, North Borneo in the natural conditions during the vegetative phase and harvest season were analysed by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). All selected heavy metals were traced in soil samples of all three paddy landraces rhizosphere where the most available heavy metals were Fe followed by Zn. Heavy metals bioavailability in soil seemed to be influenced by the local climate of the cultivation field. Bokilong landrace is an accumulator of As, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn. Ponsulak paddy can help clean up the soil by phytoextraction of As, Cr, Cu, Fe and Zn. Taragang paddy has a prospect in phytoextraction of Cd and Pb to remediate excess amount of this element in the soil. Different heavy metals concentration trends were accumulated in these three paddy landraces in grain indicated different nutritional values. Heavy metal uptake characteristic differs between upland paddy landraces and there was also environmental influence affecting the mobility rate of these elements in paddy plant depending on the element type and paddy genotype.
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Bai H, Luo M, Wei S, Jiang Z, He M. The vital function of humic acid with different molecular weight in controlling Cd and Pb bioavailability and toxicity to earthworm (Eisenia fetida) in soil. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 261:114222. [PMID: 32105968 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Humic acid (HA) plays vital roles in regulating the environmental behaviors of metals and thus their toxicity to biota. However, the inner relation between metal bioavailability to soil organisms and the presence of HA with different molecular weight (Mw) is not well documented. In this study, we separated HAs into four fractions with Mw range of 5-30k Da, and discussed their ability to alleviating the toxicity of Cd and Pb to earthworm. The bioaccumulation capacities (Cmax) increased in order of: UF1<UF2<UF3<UF4, which is in line with the variations of bioavailable concentrations of Cd and Pb in soil. Variations of Mw and binding capacities of HA determine the accumulation behavior in soil solution. The unsatisfactory of biotic ligand model fitting and the differences in fractions of the total biotic ligand sites (f) in earthworm bound by Cd and Pb suggested that only free species of Cd could be considered as biological available to earthworm, while the Pb-HAs complexes have potential ability to interact with earthworm membrane. Antioxidant enzymes are effective biomarkers, and HA with lower Mw play more important roles in restricting the toxicity of soil Cd and Pb to earthworm. These results reveal the different mechanism for HA controlling metal bioavailability between Cd and Pb in soil environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongcheng Bai
- Department of Environment Science and Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Department of Environmental Science, Chongqing University, China
| | - Mei Luo
- Department of Environment Science and Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiqiang Wei
- Department of Environment Science and Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, China; State Cultivation Base of Eco-agriculture for Southwest Mountainous Land, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Zhenmao Jiang
- Department of Environment Science and Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, China; State Cultivation Base of Eco-agriculture for Southwest Mountainous Land, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Mingjing He
- Department of Environment Science and Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, China; State Cultivation Base of Eco-agriculture for Southwest Mountainous Land, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
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Araujo MA, Leite MCM, Camargos LS, Martins AR. Tolerance evaluation and morphophysiological responses of Astronium graveolens, a native brazilian Cerrado, to addition of lead in soil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 195:110524. [PMID: 32220790 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Since the ecosystem is contaminated by lead, decontamination is a difficult and expensive process. Therefore, an alternative would be the use of phytoremediation plants, which have been studied more intensely in recent decades. Astronium graveolens Jacq (Anacardiaceae) is a Cerrado native species and plants of this biome are known to present adaptations and modifications that keep them in this ecosystem. Our aim was to find the tolerance index of A. graveolens to lead doses and to evaluate the morphophysiological alterations of the species when exposed to the heavy metal. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in Ilha Solteira-SP, with a completely randomized design and using lead acetate (Pb(C2H3O2)2) as the source of the heavy metal. Samples of the vegetative organs (roots and leaves) were fixed, subsequently dehydrated in an ethyl series, included in hydroxyethyl methacrylate (Leica Historesin) and sectioned for histological slide assembly and subsequent anatomical analysis. The levels of phenolic compounds, protein, amino acid, ammonia, allantoic acid and allantoin were quantified. We calculated the tolerance index for the species. Significant differences were found in leaf and root tissues anatomy, while in relation to the physiology of A. graveolens, a significant difference was observed when the concentration of total ureids in the roots was evaluated. Pb did not interfere with the survivability of the species. In fact, A. graveolens showed a higher secondary growth in the treatment with higher level of lead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maycon A Araujo
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Engenharia, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Marilaine C M Leite
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Engenharia, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Liliane S Camargos
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Engenharia, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Aline R Martins
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Engenharia, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Huihui Z, Xin L, Zisong X, Yue W, Zhiyuan T, Meijun A, Yuehui Z, Wenxu Z, Nan X, Guangyu S. Toxic effects of heavy metals Pb and Cd on mulberry (Morus alba L.) seedling leaves: Photosynthetic function and reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism responses. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 195:110469. [PMID: 32179235 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
To explore the mechanism of how lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) stress affects photosynthesis of mulberry (Morus alba L.), we looked at the effects of different concentrations of Pb and Cd stress (at 100 and 200 μmol L-1), which are two heavy metal elements, on leaf chlorophyll (Chl), photosynthesis gas exchange, Chl fluorescence, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism in mulberry leaves. The results showed that higher concentrations of Pb and Cd reduced leaf Chl content, especially in Chl a where content was more sensitive than in Chl b. Under Pb and Cd stress, the photosynthetic carbon assimilation capacity of mulberry leaves was reduced, which was a consequence of combined limitations of stomatal and non-stomatal factors. The main non-stomatal factors were decreased photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI) activity and carboxylation efficiency (CE). Damage to the donor side of the PSII reaction center was greater than the acceptor side. After being treated with 100 μmol L-1 of Pb and Cd, mulberry leaves continued to be able to dissipate excess excitation energy by starting non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), but when Pb and Cd concentrations were increased to 200 μmol L-1, the protection mechanism that depends on NPQ was impaired. Excessive excitation energy from chloroplasts promoted a great increase of ROS, such as superoxide anion (O2•-) and H2O2. Moreover, under high Pb and Cd stress, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were also inhibited to some extent, and excessive ROS also resulted in a significantly higher degree of oxidative damage. Compared with Cd, the effect of Pb stress at the same concentration level displayed a significantly lower impact on Chl content, photosynthetic carbon assimilation, and stomatal conductance. Meanwhile, Pb stress mainly damaged activity of the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) located on PSII donor side, but it reduced the electronic pressure on the PSII acceptor side and PSI. Furthermore, under Pb stress, the NPQ, SOD, and APX activity were all significantly higher than those under Cd stress. Thus under Pb stress, the degree of photoinhibition and oxidative damage of PSII and PSI in mulberry leaves were significantly lower than under Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Huihui
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Li Xin
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xu Zisong
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wang Yue
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Teng Zhiyuan
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - An Meijun
- Developmental Center of Heilongjiang Provincial Sericulture and Bee Industry, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhang Yuehui
- Developmental Center of Heilongjiang Provincial Sericulture and Bee Industry, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhu Wenxu
- School of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xu Nan
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; Natural Resources and Ecology Institute, Heilongjiang Sciences Academy, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Sun Guangyu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
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Jian M, Zhang D, Wang X, Wei S, Zhao Y, Ding Q, Han Y, Ma L. Differential expression pattern of the proteome in response to cadmium stress based on proteomics analysis of wheat roots. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:343. [PMID: 32380942 PMCID: PMC7203821 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6716-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heavy metal cadmium (Cd) is a common environmental pollutant in soils, which has an negative impacts on crop growth and development. At present, cadmium has become a major soil and water heavy metal pollutant, which not only causes permanent and irreversible health problems for humans, but also causes a significant reduction in crop yields. RESULTS This study examined the chemical forms of Cd in the roots of two wheat varieties (M1019 and Xinong20) by continuous extraction and analyzed differences in distribution characteristics of Cd in the root cell wall, cytoplasm, and organelles by elemental content determination and subcellular separation. Furthermore, we conducted proteomics analysis of the roots of the two varieties under Cd pollution using mass spectrometry quantitative proteomics techniques. A total of 11,651 proteins were identified, of which 10,532 proteins contained quantitative information. In addition, the differentially expressed proteins in the two varieties were related to DNA replication and repair, protein metabolism, and the glutathione metabolism pathway. CONCLUSION The results of this study improve our understanding of the mechanism of plant responses to Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Jian
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Dazhong Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Shuwei Wei
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Yue Zhao
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Qin Ding
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Yucui Han
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Lingjian Ma
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
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Kodituwakku KARK, Yatawara M. Phytoremediation of Industrial Sewage Sludge with Eichhornia crassipes, Salvinia molesta and Pistia stratiotes in Batch Fed Free Water Flow Constructed Wetlands. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 104:627-633. [PMID: 32060589 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-020-02805-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation of industrial sewage sludge with Eichhornia crassipes, Salvinia molesta and Pistia stratiotes in pilot scale batch fed free water flow constructed wetlands was done in order to assess the suitability of remediated sludge as fertilizer. S. molesta showed the greatest decreases of Zn (36.0%), Fe (26.6%), Cu (32.6%), Cr (58.6%) and Ni, (26.9%) while P. startiotes and E. crassipes, respectively, showed the greatest Cd (27.1%) and Pb (42.4%) decreases. Metals, nutrients (total N and P) and fecal coliform in remediated sludge complied with regulatory standards and P. startiotes showed the greatest electrical conductivity (EC) (65.6%) decrease. The phytotoxicity assay on Lactuca sativa and Brassica oleraceae exhibited more than 50% of germination index from the sludge remediated with S. molesta. The results demonstrate that phytoremediation with hyper accumulators followed by phytotoxicity assay could be used to support decisions for the appropriate use of land disposed industrial sewage sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A R K Kodituwakku
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Management, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, 11 600, Kelaniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Mangala Yatawara
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Management, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, 11 600, Kelaniya, Sri Lanka.
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Naveed M, Mustafa A, Qura-Tul-Ain Azhar S, Kamran M, Zahir ZA, Núñez-Delgado A. Burkholderia phytofirmans PsJN and tree twigs derived biochar together retrieved Pb-induced growth, physiological and biochemical disturbances by minimizing its uptake and translocation in mung bean (Vigna radiata L.). JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 257:109974. [PMID: 31868638 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities like industrial mining, refining and smelting release substantial amounts of lead (Pb) into the soil causing potential ecological menaces to environment, soil productivity and food security. Present pot scale study was undertaken to investigate the effects of tree twigs-derived biochar and a bacterium Burkholderia phytofirmans PsJN on Pb accumulation, growth, physiological, biochemical and antioxidative defense responses of mung bean grown in Pb spiked soil. The original soil was spiked with Pb (600 mg kg-1) and amended with biochar (1% w/w). Upon screening in laboratory, B. phytofirmans PsJN exhibited high Pb tolerance and was able to grow at high Pb concentrations. Surface-disinfected seeds of mung bean were inoculated with B. phytofirmans PsJN and sown in pots along with un-inoculated seeds. Data were collected for various growth, physiological and biochemical parameters from fully matured harvested plants. Application of biochar and B. phytofirmans PsJN ameliorated Pb induced negative impacts in mung bean both individually and in combination, but better growth, physiological and seed quality responses were observed with their combined use. Compared with respective controls, their combined use increased the following parameters in normal and Pb spiked soils, respectively: plant height (69% and 159%), root dry weight (97% and 130%), shoot dry weight (42% and 104%), number of pods (70% and 210%), grains weight (58% and 194%) and number of root nodules (71% and 255%). Moreover, combined use increased chlorophyll contents (27% and 37%), photosynthetic rate (93% and 204%), transpiration rate (42% and 132%), stomatal conductance (70% and 218%), sub-stomatal conductance (93% and 148%) and water use efficiency (35% and 43%). In addition, combined application of biochar and B. phytofirmans PsJN retarded Pb-induced oxidative stress by intensifying antioxidant enzyme activities and reducing activities of reactive oxygen species. Similarly, considerable reduction in Pb uptake, translocation and bioaccumulation in mung bean was noticed in Pb spiked soil due to applied amendments. Furthermore, their combined use resulted in considerable increase in grain quality parameters (protein, fat, ash) both in normal and Pb-spiked soils. Therefore, it can be inferred that interactive use of biochar and B. phytofirmans PsJN provides an efficient innovative strategy to repossess Pb induced growth, physiological, biochemical and oxidative disturbances in mung bean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naveed
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Adnan Mustafa
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Syeda Qura-Tul-Ain Azhar
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zahir Ahmad Zahir
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Avelino Núñez-Delgado
- Dept. Soil Sci. and Agric. Chem., Engineering Polytech. School, Campus Univ. Lugo, Univ. Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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71
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El Mamoun I, Mouna F, Mohammed A, Najib B, Zine‐El Abidine T, Abdelkarim G, Didier B, Laurent L, Abdelaziz S. Zinc, lead, and cadmium tolerance and accumulation in
Cistus libanotis, Cistus albidus
, and
Cistus salviifolius
: Perspectives on phytoremediation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/rem.21638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ibtihaj El Mamoun
- Equipe de physiologie et biotechnologie Végétales, Faculté des Sciences, Centre de biotechnologie végétale et microbienne biodiversité et environnementUniversité Mohammed V de RabatRabat Morocco
| | - Fahr Mouna
- Equipe de physiologie et biotechnologie Végétales, Faculté des Sciences, Centre de biotechnologie végétale et microbienne biodiversité et environnementUniversité Mohammed V de RabatRabat Morocco
| | | | - Bendaou Najib
- Equipe de physiologie et biotechnologie Végétales, Faculté des Sciences, Centre de biotechnologie végétale et microbienne biodiversité et environnementUniversité Mohammed V de RabatRabat Morocco
| | - Triqui Zine‐El Abidine
- Equipe de physiologie et biotechnologie Végétales, Faculté des Sciences, Centre de biotechnologie végétale et microbienne biodiversité et environnementUniversité Mohammed V de RabatRabat Morocco
| | - Guedira Abdelkarim
- Equipe de physiologie et biotechnologie Végétales, Faculté des Sciences, Centre de biotechnologie végétale et microbienne biodiversité et environnementUniversité Mohammed V de RabatRabat Morocco
| | - Bogusz Didier
- Équipe RhizogenèseInstitut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR DIADE (IRD/UM2)Montpellier France
| | - Laplaze Laurent
- Équipe RhizogenèseInstitut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR DIADE (IRD/UM2)Montpellier France
- Laboratoire mixte international Adaptation des Plantes et microorganismes associés aux Stress Environnementaux (LAPSE), Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie IRD/ISRA/UCADCentre de Recherche de Bel AirDakar Senegal
| | - Smouni Abdelaziz
- Equipe de physiologie et biotechnologie Végétales, Faculté des Sciences, Centre de biotechnologie végétale et microbienne biodiversité et environnementUniversité Mohammed V de RabatRabat Morocco
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72
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Ramírez A, García G, Werner O, Ros RM. In vitro lead tolerance and accumulation in three Chrysanthemum cultivars for phytoremediation purposes with ornamental plants. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2020; 22:1110-1121. [PMID: 32107928 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1731730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The use of ornamental plants for the phytoremediation of potentially toxic elements in polluted soils is an interesting task. It makes possible to combine environmental restoration, re-use of land, and the production of goods and services of economic interest. In this work, in vitro experiments using three cultivars of Chrysanthemum (Asteraceae) were carried out with 0, 300, 600, 900, and 1500 mg/kg of lead concentrations for a period of 12 weeks. The objective was to obtain data about their lead tolerance and bioaccumulation capacity in order to know their potential as phytoremediators in a densely populated Caribbean area of the Dominican Republic with a high concentration of lead in soils. The variations in biomass, root growth as well as accumulation of this element in the plants were measured. The results suggest that the three cultivars have a good potential for phytoextraction at moderate pollution levels, as they showed a good bioaccumulation of lead, which had mild effects on their biomass production and root elongation. Additional studies should be carried out to assess their effectiveness as phytoextractors under field conditions, as well as other alternative uses that could generate esthetic, environmental, and/or economic benefits for tropical areas contaminated by Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agripina Ramírez
- Instituto de Innovación en Biotecnología e Industria, Calle Olof Palme esquina Núñez de Cáceres, Urb. San Gerónimo, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
| | - Gregorio García
- Departamento de Ingeniería Agronómica, ETSIA, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain
| | - Olaf Werner
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Rosa M Ros
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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73
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Chumpol J, Siri S. In vivo formation of spherical and rod lead nanoparticles in root cells of water velvet (Azolla pinnata). Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2020; 67:991-999. [PMID: 31821601 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Several plant species survive in the metal-contaminated environment by minimization of detrimental effects of metal exposure and cellular accumulation, but little is known about their capability to transform the uptake metal ions into nanoparticles, especially in nonspherical shapes. This work firstly reported the in vivo formation of spherical and rod-shaped lead nanoparticles (PbNPs) from the uptake lead ions in root cells of water velvet (Azolla pinnata). The energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis revealed the high level of lead (67.21 ± 0.70%) and the modulated levels of sulfur, potassium, and calcium in the treated roots. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy spectral analysis suggested the changes of biochemical constituents in Pb-treated roots, including carbohydrates, organic compounds, proteins, and nucleic acids. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images revealed the formation of spherical, short rod, and long rod PbNPs dominantly in epidermal, cortical, and vascular cells in the plant roots, respectively. The analyses of energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, high-resolution TEM, and selected area diffraction TEM indicated the body-centered tetragonal lattice of lead oxide nanoparticles (PbONPs) in the root cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiraporn Chumpol
- School of Biology, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Sineenat Siri
- School of Biology, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
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74
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Nouman W, Bashir T, Gul R, Gull T, Olson ME, Shaheen M, Rosa E, Domínguez-Perles R, Soliman WS. Metalliferous conditions induce regulation in antioxidant activities, polyphenolics and nutritional quality of Moringa oleifera L. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2020; 22:1348-1361. [PMID: 32538124 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1775547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Moringa oleifera L. was grown under cadmium and lead stress conditions and the variations in its mineral content, polyphenolics, and antioxidant activities were studied and how these heavy metals affect plant growth and development. In this study, the metal translocation factor was found <1 which indicates more metal accumulation in moringa roots than stem. A significant increase in enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant activities was observed in leaves, stem, and roots under metal stress which shows moringa can withstand under metalliferous conditions by regulating its antioxidant system. Various parts of moringa plants exhibited good nutritional quality; even significant variation was recorded in nutritional attributes. A significant variation was also noted in the expression of polyphenolics in moringa stem, roots, and leaves which are indicators of plant defense system under abiotic stress conditions. The results of the present study clearly manifest that the nutritional quality and concentration of polyphenolics in moringa plants are least affected by cadmium and lead uptake. These findings suggested the cultivation of moringa plants on cadmium and lead affected soils which cannot only remediate soil metalliferous conditions but can also provide nutritious fodder for livestock. For better understanding of the involved mechansisms, there is need to study the genes which are associated with moringa tolerance under metalliferous conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasif Nouman
- Department of Forestry & Range Management, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Tehmeena Bashir
- Department of Forestry & Range Management, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Rehman Gul
- Soil and Water Testing Laboratory for Research, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tehseen Gull
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mark E Olson
- Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, Mexico
| | - Mehak Shaheen
- Department of Forestry and Range Management, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Eduardo Rosa
- Centre for the Research and Technology for Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (CITAB/UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Raúl Domínguez-Perles
- Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, National Council for Scientific Research (CEBAS-CSIC), Espinardo, Spain
| | - Wagdi Sabir Soliman
- Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Department of Horticulture, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
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75
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Huang L, Chen D, Zhang H, Song Y, Chen H, Tang M. Funneliformis mosseae Enhances Root Development and Pb Phytostabilization in Robinia pseudoacacia in Pb-Contaminated Soil. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2591. [PMID: 31781076 PMCID: PMC6861453 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
It is possible that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi play a pivotal role in root development and Pb phytostabilization in plants grown in Pb-contaminated soil. In this study, a pot experiment was conducted over 4 months to evaluate the effects of Funneliformis mosseae strain BGCXJ01A on root characteristics of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) seedlings in Pb-contaminated soil. Four Pb treatments (0, 90, 900, and 3,000 mg kg–1) were applied to soil in the presence and absence of F. mosseae. Inoculation with F. mosseae prominently improved root length, surface area, volume, and tip number in the plants across all Pb treatments. The F. mosseae inoculation also increased root diameter and fork number, especially under high Pb treatments. The presence of F. mosseae significantly increased the root activity and root tolerance index. However, there was little difference in specific root length between inoculated and non-inoculated plants. The biomass of roots, stems, and leaves all increased following inoculation with F. mosseae. Inoculated plants had greater accumulation and translocation capacities for Pb in the roots and stems, but lower capacities were found in the leaves when compared with those in non-inoculated plants. These results highlight that F. mosseae can alleviate the toxic effects of Pb on root development and can immobilize Pb in the roots and stems of R. pseudoacacia grown in Pb-contaminated soil. This study provides a model system for phytoremediation of Pb-contaminated soil via reciprocal symbiosis between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and woody legumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Food Science and Engineering, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, China
| | - Deqiang Chen
- Food Science and Engineering, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, China
| | - Haoqiang Zhang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yingying Song
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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76
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Javed MT, Habib N, Akram MS, Ali Q, Haider MZ, Tanwir K, Shauket A, Chaudhary HJ. The effect of lead pollution on nutrient solution pH and concomitant changes in plant physiology of two contrasting Solanum melongena L. cultivars. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:34633-34644. [PMID: 31654306 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06575-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is highly toxic to plants because it severely affects physiological processes by altering nutrient solution pH. The current study elucidated Pb-induced changes in nutrient solution pH and its effect on physiology of two Solanum melongena L. cultivars (cv. Chuttu and cv. VRIB-13). Plants were grown in black plastic containers having 0, 15, 20, and 25 mg L-1 PbCl2 in nutrient solutions with starting pH of 6.0. pH changes by roots of S. melongena were continuously monitored for 8 days, and harvested plants were analyzed for physiological and biochemical attributes. Time scale studies revealed that cv. Chuttu and cv. VRIB-13 responded to Pb stress by causing acidification and alkalinization of growth medium during the first 48 h, respectively. Both cultivars increased nutrient solution pH, and maximum pH rise of 1.21 units was culminated by cv. VRIB-13 at 15 mg L-1 Pb and 0.8 units by cv. Chuttu at 25 mg L-1 Pb treatment during the 8-day period. Plant biomass, photosynthetic pigments, ascorbic acid, total amino acid, and total protein contents were significantly reduced by Pb stress predominantly in cv. Chuttu than cv. VRIB-13. Interestingly, chlorophyll contents of cv. VRIB-13 increased with increasing Pb levels. Pb contents of roots and shoots of both cultivars increased with applied Pb levels while nutrient (Ca, Mg, K, and Fe) contents decreased predominately in cv. Chuttu. Negative correlations were identified among Pb contents of eggplant roots and shoots and plant biomasses, leaf area, and free anthocyanin. Taken together, growth medium alkalinization, lower root to shoot Pb translocation, and optimum balance of nutrients (Mg and Fe) conferred growth enhancement, ultimately making cv. VRIB-13 auspicious for tolerating Pb toxicity as compared with cv. Chuttu. The research outcomes are important for devising metallicolous plant-associated strategies based on plant pH modulation response and associated metal uptake to remediate Pb-polluted soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tariq Javed
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Noman Habib
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sohail Akram
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Qasim Ali
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zulqurnain Haider
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Tanwir
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Asia Shauket
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
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77
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Arif MS, Yasmeen T, Shahzad SM, Riaz M, Rizwan M, Iqbal S, Asif M, Soliman MH, Ali S. Lead toxicity induced phytotoxic effects on mung bean can be relegated by lead tolerant Bacillus subtilis (PbRB3). CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 234:70-80. [PMID: 31203043 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Being a primary toxic heavy metal, lead (Pb) contamination presents an imposing environmental and public health concern worldwide. A Bacillus subtilis PbRB3, displaying higher Pb tolerance, was isolated from the textile effluent. The bacterial culture was able to remove >80% of Pb from culture solution. Upon screening in the presence of Pb, PbRB3 strain exhibited significant plant growth promoting potential. A 3 weeks long pot experiment was established to examine the capability of PbRB3 strain for physiological and biochemical traits, and Pb accumulation tendency of mung bean at 250 and 500 mg kg-1 of Pb toxicity, respectively. With respect to control treatments, photosynthetic pigments, protein synthesis, net assimilation rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance were significantly constrained by Pb toxicity levels. Intrinsic and instantaneous water use efficiencies were considerably improved in inoculated plants under Pb toxicity. Compared to inoculated control, significantly higher superoxide dismutase activity in both Pb toxicity treatments, while higher malondialdehyde contents only at Pb500 treatment was recorded with PbRB3 inoculation. Catalase activity between Pb250 and Pb500 treatments was comparable at both inoculation level. Moreover, PbRB3 inoculation led to significantly higher peroxidase activity under Pb toxicity treatments compared to inoculated control. The PbRB3 inoculation led to comparable differences in root Pb content between Pb250 and Pb500 treatments. These results suggest that inoculation of Pb tolerant, Bacillus subtilis PbRB3, could be employed to improve mung bean growth potential and adaptation against Pb toxicity, and thereby accelerated Pb rhizoaccumulation from metal contaminated environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saleem Arif
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Tahira Yasmeen
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Sher Muhammad Shahzad
- Department of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Iqbal
- Key Laboratory for Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Centre for Mountain Futures CMF, East and Central Asia Regional Office, World Agroforestry Centre ICRAF, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, CN, 650201, China
| | - Muntaha Asif
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Mona H Soliman
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Sharm, Yanbu El-Bahr, 46429, Saudi Arabia; Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, 12613, Giza, Egypt
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
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Woźniak A, Bednarski W, Dancewicz K, Gabryś B, Borowiak-Sobkowiak B, Bocianowski J, Samardakiewicz S, Rucińska-Sobkowiak R, Morkunas I. Oxidative stress links response to lead and Acyrthosiphon pisum in Pisum sativum L. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 240:152996. [PMID: 31352020 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2019.152996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrates the impact of lead at hormetic (0.075 mM Pb(NO3)2) and sublethal (0.5 mM Pb(NO3)2) doses on the intensity of oxidative stress in pea seedlings (Pisum sativum L. cv. 'Cysterski'). Our first objective was to determine how exposure of pea seedlings to Pb alters the plant defence responses to pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris), and whether these responses could indirectly affect A. pisum. The second objective was to investigate the effects of various Pb concentrations in the medium on demographic parameters of pea aphid population and the process of its feeding on edible pea. We found that the dose of Pb sublethal for pea seedlings strongly reduced net reproductive rate and limited the number of A. pisum individuals reaching the phloem. An important defence line of pea seedlings growing on Pb-supplemented medium and next during combinatory effect of the two stressors Pb and A. pisum was a high generation of superoxide anion (O2-). This was accompanied by a considerable reduction in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and a decrease in the level of Mn2+ ions. A the same time, weak activity of Mn-SOD was detected in the roots of the seedlings exposed to the sublethal dose of Pb and during Pb and aphid interaction. Apart from the marked increase in O2-, an increase in semiquinone radicals occurred, especially in the roots of the seedlings treated with the sublethal dose of Pb and both infested and non-infested with aphids. Also, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation markedly intensified in aphid-infested leaves. It reached the highest level 24 h post infestation (hpi), mainly in the cell wall of leaf epidermis. This may be related to the function of H2O2 as a signalling molecule that triggers defence mechanisms. The activity of peroxidase (POX), an important enzyme involved in scavenging H2O2, was also high at 24 hpi and at subsequent time points. Moreover, the contents of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), products of lipid peroxidation, rose but to a small degree thanks to an efficient antioxidant system. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) dependent on the pool of fast antioxidants, both in infested and non-infested and leaves was higher than in the control. In conclusion, the reaction of pea seedlings to low and sublethal doses of Pb and then A. pisum infestation differed substantially and depended on a direct contact of the stress factor with the organ (Pb with roots and A. pisum with leaves). The probing behavior of A. pisum also depended on Pb concentration in the plant tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Woźniak
- Department of Plant Physiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 35, 60-637, Poznań, Poland
| | - Waldemar Bednarski
- Institute of Molecular Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smoluchowskiego 17, 60-179, Poznań, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Dancewicz
- Department of Botany and Ecology, University of Zielona Góra, Prof. Z. Szafrana 1, 65-516, Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Beata Gabryś
- Department of Botany and Ecology, University of Zielona Góra, Prof. Z. Szafrana 1, 65-516, Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Beata Borowiak-Sobkowiak
- Department of Entomology and Environmental Protection, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dąbrowskiego 159, Poznań, 60-594, Poland
| | - Jan Bocianowski
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637, Poznań, Poland
| | - Sławomir Samardakiewicz
- Laboratory of Electron and Confocal Microscopy, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Renata Rucińska-Sobkowiak
- Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Iwona Morkunas
- Department of Plant Physiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 35, 60-637, Poznań, Poland.
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Adejumo SA, Tiwari S, Thul S, Sarangi BK. Evaluation of lead and chromium tolerance and accumulation level in Gomphrena celosoides: a novel metal accumulator from lead acid battery waste contaminated site in Nigeria. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2019; 21:1341-1355. [PMID: 31286792 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2019.1633258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Biology, tolerance, and metal (Pb and Cr) accumulating ability of Gomphrena celosoides were studied under hydroponic conditions. The seedlings were raised in Hoagland's solution containing different concentrations of Pb (0, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, 3000, 4000, and 5000 mg l-1) and Cr (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 300, and 400 mg l-1). Biomass and metal accumulation in different plant parts were determined at seven (7) and fourteen (14) days after stress. Antioxidant enzyme activities, protein, and proline contents were estimated in stressed and unstressed plants. Gomphrena celosoides was able to tolerate Pb and Cr concentrations up to 4000 and 100 mg l-1, respectively in hydroponic solution. Metal accumulation was concentration and duration dependent with the highest Pb (21,127.90 and 117,985.29 mg kg-1) and Cr (3130.85 and 2428.90 mg kg-1) in shoot and root, respectively found in the plants exposed to 5000 mg l-1 Pb and 400 mg l-1 Cr for 14 days. Proline, antioxidant enzyme activities, and protein contents were the highest in plant exposed to higher Pb and Cr concentrations for 7 and 14 days. Gomphrena celosoides could be considered as Pb and Cr accumulator with proline and increase in antioxidant enzyme activities being the tolerance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sifau A Adejumo
- Environmental Biology Unit, Department of Crop Protection and Environmental Biology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Sarita Tiwari
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology Division, CSIR-NEERI, Nagpur, India
| | - Sanjay Thul
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology Division, CSIR-NEERI, Nagpur, India
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Xu X, Yang B, Qin G, Wang H, Zhu Y, Zhang K, Yang H. Growth, accumulation, and antioxidative responses of two Salix genotypes exposed to cadmium and lead in hydroponic culture. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:19770-19784. [PMID: 31090001 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05331-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cd and Pb are a toxic environmental pollutant, and their elevated concentrations in the waters and soils could exert detriment effects on human health by food chain. In order to evaluate the capacity to heavy metal accumulation and the physiochemical responses of two Salix genotypes, a 35-day hydroponic seedling experiment was implemented with Salix matsudana Koidz. 'Shidi1' (A42) and Salix psammophila C. 'Huangpi1' (A94) under different concentrations of Cd (15 and 30 μM) or Pb (250 and 300 μM). The results showed that the biomass of A94 severely reduced more than that of A42. The accumulation ability of Cd in different plant organs followed the sequence of leaves > roots > stems. Pb primarily accumulated in the roots for both Salix genotypes (54.27 mg g-1 for A42 and 54.52 mg g-1 for A94). Translocation factors based on accumulation (TF') for Cd were more than 8.0, while TF's for Pb were less than 1.0 in both A42 and A94, implying they could be applied in the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated sites due to their stronger ability to Cd phytoextraction. The stress of Cd or Pb significantly increased malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and increased photosynthetic rates in leaves of two Salix genotypes. Transpiration rates of willow were positively correlated with its Cd translocation. Both catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activities were suppressed, while the superoxide dismutase (SOD) was boosted with increasing Cd and Pb levels in the leaves and roots of the two willow genotypes, suggesting SOD plays an important role in the removal of ROS. The inconsistency of the changes in enzyme activity suggests that the integrated antioxidative mechanisms regulate the tolerance to Cd and Pb stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Xu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan, 250022, Shandong Province, China
| | - Baoshan Yang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan, 250022, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guanghua Qin
- Shandong Academy of Forestry, No. 42, East Road of Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan, 250022, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Yidan Zhu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan, 250022, Shandong Province, China
| | - Kaizhen Zhang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan, 250022, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hanqi Yang
- The Xiuwen International Academy at Jinan, Jinan, 250100, China
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81
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Budzyńska S, Mleczek P, Szostek M, Goliński P, Niedzielski P, Kaniuczak J, Rissmann I, Rymaniak E, Mleczek M. Phytoextraction of arsenic forms in selected tree species growing in As-polluted mining sludge. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2019; 54:933-942. [PMID: 31084458 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2019.1609322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the phytoextraction of inorganic (As(III), As(V)) and organic arsenic (Asorg) forms in six tree species: Acer platanoides, Acer pseudoplatanus, Betula pendula, Quercus robur, Tilia cordata and Ulmus laevis. Plants were grown in a pot experiment using As-polluted mining sludge for 90 days. Arsenic (Astotal) was accumulated mainly in the roots of all six tree species, which were generally thinner, shorter and/or black after the experiment. The highest concentration of As(III) and As(V) was determined in the roots of A. pseudoplatanus and A. platanoides (174 and 420 mg kg-1, respectively). High concentrations of As(III) were also recorded in the shoots of B. pendula (11.9 mg kg-1) and As(V) in the aerial parts of U. laevis and A. pseudoplatanus (77.4 and 70.1 mg kg-1). With some exceptions, the dominant form in the tree organs was Asorg, present in mining sludge in low concentration. This form has a decisive influence on As phytoextraction by young tree seedlings even though its BCF value was the only one lower than 1. The obtained results highlight the important role of speciation studies in assessing the response of plants growing in heavily polluted mining sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Budzyńska
- a Department of Chemistry , Poznań University of Life Sciences , Poznań , Poland
| | - Patrycja Mleczek
- b Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection , Poznan University of Life Sciences , Poznań , Poland
| | - Małgorzata Szostek
- c Department of Soil Science, Environmental Chemistry and Hydrology , University of Rzeszów , Rzeszów , Poland
| | - Piotr Goliński
- a Department of Chemistry , Poznań University of Life Sciences , Poznań , Poland
| | | | - Janina Kaniuczak
- c Department of Soil Science, Environmental Chemistry and Hydrology , University of Rzeszów , Rzeszów , Poland
| | - Iwona Rissmann
- a Department of Chemistry , Poznań University of Life Sciences , Poznań , Poland
| | - Ewa Rymaniak
- a Department of Chemistry , Poznań University of Life Sciences , Poznań , Poland
| | - Mirosław Mleczek
- a Department of Chemistry , Poznań University of Life Sciences , Poznań , Poland
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Krzesłowska M, Timmers ACJ, Mleczek M, Niedzielski P, Rabęda I, Woźny A, Goliński P. Alterations of root architecture and cell wall modifications in Tilia cordata Miller (Linden) growing on mining sludge. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 248:247-259. [PMID: 30798026 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Trees are considered good candidates for phytoremediation of soils contaminated with trace elements (TE), e.g. mine tailings. Using two year-old Tilia cordata plants, we demonstrated the nature and the scale of root architecture, especially root apices, as an indicator of mining sludge toxicity and plant capability to cope with these stress conditions. The novelty of our research is the analysis of the root response to substrate with extremely high concentrations of numerous toxic TE, and the 3D illustration of the disorders in root apex architecture using a clarity technique for confocal microscopy. The analysis demonstrates (1) a marked reduction in the size of the root apex zones (2) the occurrence of vascular tissues abnormally close to the root apex (3) collapse of the internal tissues in many root apices. Simultaneously, at the cellular level we observed some signs of a defensive response - such as a common increase of cell wall (CW) thickness and the formation of local CW thickenings - that enlarge the CW capacity for TE sequestration. However, we also detected harmful effects. Among others, a massive deposition of TE in the middle lamella which caused major damage - probably one of the reasons why the inner tissues of the root apex often collapsed - and the formation of incomplete CWs resulting in the occurrence of extremely large cells. Moreover, many cells of the root apex exhibited degenerated protoplasts. All these alterations indicate the harsh conditions for lime growth and survival and simultaneously, the manifestation of a defensive response. The obtained results allowed us to conclude that analysis of the nature and scale of structural alterations in roots can be useful indicators of plant ability to cope with stress conditions, e.g. in prospect of using the examined plants for reclamation of soils contaminated with TE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Krzesłowska
- Laboratory of General Botany, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Antonius C J Timmers
- Central Microscopy, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mirosław Mleczek
- Department of Chemistry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625, Poznań, Poland
| | - Przemysław Niedzielski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89B, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Irena Rabęda
- Laboratory of General Botany, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Adam Woźny
- Laboratory of General Botany, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Piotr Goliński
- Department of Chemistry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625, Poznań, Poland
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83
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Huskey DA, Curlango‐Rivera G, Hawes MC. Use of rhodizonic acid for rapid detection of root border cell trapping of lead and reversal of trapping with DNase. APPLICATIONS IN PLANT SCIENCES 2019; 7:e01240. [PMID: 31024783 PMCID: PMC6476171 DOI: 10.1002/aps3.1240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY Lead (Pb) is a contaminant whose removal from soil remains a challenge. In a previous study, border cells released from root tips were found to trap Pb, alter its chemistry, and prevent root uptake. Rhodizonic acid (RA) is a forensic tool used to reveal gunshot residue, and also to detect Pb within plant tissues. Here we report preliminary observations to assess the potential application of RA in exploring the dynamics of Pb accumulation at the root tip surface. METHODS AND RESULTS Corn root tips were immersed in Pb solution, stained with RA, and observed microscopically. Pb trapping by border cells was evident within minutes. The role of extracellular DNA was revealed when addition of nucleases resulted in dispersal of RA-stained Pb particles. CONCLUSIONS RA is an efficient tool to monitor Pb-root interactions. Trapping by border cells may control Pb levels and chemistry at the root tip surface. Understanding how plants influence Pb distribution in soil may facilitate its remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Huskey
- Department of Soil, Water and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Arizona429 Shantz Building, #38 1177 E. Fourth Street, P.O. Box 210038TucsonArizona85721‐0038USA
| | - Gilberto Curlango‐Rivera
- Department of Soil, Water and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Arizona429 Shantz Building, #38 1177 E. Fourth Street, P.O. Box 210038TucsonArizona85721‐0038USA
| | - Martha C. Hawes
- Department of Soil, Water and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Arizona429 Shantz Building, #38 1177 E. Fourth Street, P.O. Box 210038TucsonArizona85721‐0038USA
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Hasanuzzaman M, Alam MM, Nahar K, Mohsin SM, Bhuyan MHMB, Parvin K, Hawrylak-Nowak B, Fujita M. Silicon-induced antioxidant defense and methylglyoxal detoxification works coordinately in alleviating nickel toxicity in Oryza sativa L. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2019; 28:261-276. [PMID: 30761430 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-019-02019-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Nickel (Ni), an essential nutrient of plant but very toxic to plant at supra-optimal concentration that causes inhibition of seed germination emergence and growth of plants as a consequence of physiological disorders. Hence, the present study investigates the possible mechanisms of Ni tolerance in rice seedlings by exogenous application of silicon (Si). Thirteen-day-old hydroponically grown rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. BRRI dhan54) were treated with Ni (NiSO4.7H2O, 0.25 and 0.5 mM) sole or in combination with 0.50 mM Na2SiO3 for a period of 3 days to investigate the effect of Si supply for revoking the Ni stress. Nickel toxicity gave rise to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cytotoxic methylglyoxal (MG), accordingly, initiated oxidative stress in rice leaves, and accelerated peroxidation of lipids and consequent damage to membranes. Reduced growth, biomass accumulation, chlorophyll (chl) content, and water balance under Ni-stress were also found. However, free proline (Pro) content increased in Ni-exposed plants. In contrast, the Ni-stressed seedlings fed with supplemental Si reclaimed the seedlings from chlorosis, water retrenchment, growth inhibition, and oxidative stress. Silicon up-regulated most of the antioxidant defense components as well as glyoxalase systems, which helped to improve ROS scavenging and MG detoxification. Hence, these results suggest that the exogenous Si application can improve rice seedlings' tolerance to Ni-toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Mahabub Alam
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Kamrun Nahar
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Sayed Mohammad Mohsin
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, 761-0795, Japan
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - M H M Borhannuddin Bhuyan
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, 761-0795, Japan
- Citrus Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Jaintapur, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Khursheda Parvin
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, 761-0795, Japan
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | | | - Masayuki Fujita
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, 761-0795, Japan.
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85
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Bai H, Wei S, Jiang Z, He M, Ye B, Liu G. Pb (II) bioavailability to algae (Chlorella pyrenoidosa) in relation to its complexation with humic acids of different molecular weight. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 167:1-9. [PMID: 30292970 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.09.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Humic acid (HA) has a major influence on the environmental fate of metal ions due to its heterogeneity in chemical compositions, structure and functional groups. In this study, we investigated the effect of humic acid (HA) with different molecular weight (Mw) on the bioavailability of Pb for a representative algae-Chlorella pyrenoidosa. The results showed that HA with larger Mw had stronger inhibitory effects on the bioavailability of Pb to algae, and the biosorption capacity of Pb decreased with increasing Mw, which is in accordance with the variations of complexation capacities of Pb for HA fraction. In addition, we found that HA with Mw lower than 10 kDa could increase the biosorption capacity of Pb. The considerable differences among the Mw fractions on Pb biosorption were mainly attributed to their properties and corresponding complexation capacities. Phenolic groups were responsible for the variations of binding capacities among different Mw fractions, and it could also better explain the bioaccumulation of Pb to the membranes of algae. By using NICA-Donnan model, we found that over 60% of Pb ions were bound by HAs through specific binding, and the formation of Pb-HAs complex were non-bioavailable to algae, which was proved by the considerably decreasing percentage of internalized Pb. This study provided further insight into the bioavailability of Pb to algae as influenced by the complexation of HA with metal ion such as Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongcheng Bai
- College of Resources and Environment, Department of Environment Science and Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiqiang Wei
- College of Resources and Environment, Department of Environment Science and Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, China; China Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, China.
| | - Zhenmao Jiang
- College of Resources and Environment, Department of Environment Science and Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, China; China Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Mingjing He
- College of Resources and Environment, Department of Environment Science and Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, China; China Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Biying Ye
- College of Resources and Environment, Department of Environment Science and Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gaoyun Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Department of Environment Science and Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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86
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Rizvi A, Ahmed B, Zaidi A, Khan MS. Heavy metal mediated phytotoxic impact on winter wheat: oxidative stress and microbial management of toxicity byBacillus subtilisBM2. RSC Adv 2019; 9:6125-6142. [PMID: 35517307 PMCID: PMC9060871 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra00333a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy metals are toxic environmental contaminants, which severely affect microbial composition and functions and, concurrently, crop production. Due to these issues, the present study focussed on the selection of metal tolerant microbes endowed with metal detoxification abilities and their role in the management and remediation of metal contaminated soils. The metal tolerant bacterium BM2, identified as Bacillus subtilis by 16SrRNA gene sequencing, survived well under metal pressure and tolerated 1600 and 2000 μg mL−1 of Ni and Pb, respectively. The inhibitory impact of metals on wheat increased consistently with a progressive increase in metal concentration. Deposition of Ni and Pb within root and leaf and oxidative stress were validated by SEM, EDX and CLSM. The overall growth parameters of wheat grown under metal stress were improved following B. subtilis BM2 colonization. As an example, B. subtilis with 195 mg Pb kg−1 enhanced the length and dry biomass of shoots by 14% and 23%, respectively, over the control. Also, strain BM2 improved the grain yield significantly by 49% at 870 mg Ni kg−1 and by 50% at 585 mg Pb kg−1 compared to uninoculated plants. Moreover, B. subtilis BM2 relieved the metal stress on wheat and caused a significant drop in proline and malondialdehyde content and the activities of antioxidant enzymes, like catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR). This study, therefore, provided solutions to the metal toxicity problems faced by winter wheat and clearly suggests that the metal detoxification potential of B. subtilis BM2 could be greatly useful in the management of metal polluted soils. The bacterial management of heavy metal toxicity to durum wheat under a metal stressed environment was demonstrated.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Asfa Rizvi
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences
- Aligarh Muslim University
- Aligarh
- India
| | - Bilal Ahmed
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences
- Aligarh Muslim University
- Aligarh
- India
| | - Almas Zaidi
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences
- Aligarh Muslim University
- Aligarh
- India
| | - Mohd. Saghir Khan
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences
- Aligarh Muslim University
- Aligarh
- India
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Alvarado-López CJ, Dasgupta-Schubert N, Ambriz JE, Arteaga-Velazquez JC, Villegas JA. Lead uptake by the symbiotic Daucus carota L.-Glomus intraradices system and its effect on the morphology of extra- and intraradical fungal microstructures. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:381-391. [PMID: 30402695 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3569-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This work examines the strategies adopted by an arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiotic system to ameliorate environmental Pb stress by examining the concentrations of P, Fe, and Pb in the fungal microstructures and the host's root. In vitro cultures of Ri-T DNA-transformed carrot (Daucus carota L.) roots were inoculated with Glomus intraradices and treated with Pb(NO3)2 solution and the extraradical spores and mycelia (S/M) and the root with the vesicles, mycelia, and root cells were subsequently analyzed by polarized energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence (PEDXRF) spectrometry. Upon Pb treatment, within the root, the percentages of mycorrhizal colonization, the vesicles, and mycelia increased as well as the areas of the vesicles and the (extraradical) spores, although the number of spores and arbuscules decreased. The S/M and the mycorrhizal root showed enhanced concentrations of Pb, Fe, and P. These were particularly marked for Fe in the Pb-treated cultures. This indicates a synergistic relationship between the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus and the host that confers a higher Pb tolerance to the latter by the induction of higher Fe absorption in the host. The intraradical vesicle, mycelia, and arbuscule numbers are interpreted as a "tactic to divert" the intraradical Pb traffic away from the root cells to the higher affinity cell walls of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) microstructures in the apoplast. The results of this work show that the symbiosis between the AMF G. intraradices and the host plant D. carota distinctly improves the latter's Pb tolerance, and imply that the appropriate metal tolerant host-AMF combinations could be employed in process designs for the phytoremediation of Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Juan Alvarado-López
- Catedratico CONACYT, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Conkal, CP 97345, Conkal, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Nabanita Dasgupta-Schubert
- Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Cd. Universitaria, CP 58060, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico.
| | - Jorge Enrique Ambriz
- Ingeniería en la Tecnología de la Madera, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Cd. Universitaria, CP 58060, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos Arteaga-Velazquez
- Instituto de Física y Matemáticas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Cd. Universitaria, CP, 58060, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Javier A Villegas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Cd. Universitaria, CP 58060, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico.
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Dubey S, Shri M, Gupta A, Rani V, Chakrabarty D. Toxicity and detoxification of heavy metals during plant growth and metabolism. ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS 2018; 16:1169-1192. [DOI: 10.1007/s10311-018-0741-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
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89
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Sabra M, Aboulnasr A, Franken P, Perreca E, Wright LP, Camehl I. Beneficial Root Endophytic Fungi Increase Growth and Quality Parameters of Sweet Basil in Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1726. [PMID: 30538713 PMCID: PMC6277477 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
How interactions between plants, the rhizosphere, and contaminated soil affect environmental sustainability is still under research. We tested the effects of two root endophytic fungi, the arbuscular mycorrhiza fungus (AMF) Rhizophagus irregularis and the beneficial endophyte Serendipita indica, on sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) growing on soil contaminated with lead and copper in a pot experiment under defined greenhouse conditions. Both fungi caused an increase in shoot and root dry weight of sweet basil plants under all conditions and decreased the amount of lead in shoots. The amount of copper was reduced by S. indica, while the AM fungus showed this effect only when the soil is contaminated with both copper and lead. Furthermore the AMF, but not the endophyte S. indica caused a strong increase on the concentrations of the essential oils linalool and eucalyptol even on sweet basil growing on contaminated soils. Hence, cultivating sweet basil in combination with beneficial fungi in case of difficult environmental conditions could be of interest for industry located in countries with widespread land pollution, because quantity and quality of plants are increased while the amount of heavy metals is generally reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayada Sabra
- Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ), Großbeeren, Germany
- Agriculture Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amal Aboulnasr
- Agriculture Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Philipp Franken
- Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ), Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Erica Perreca
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Iris Camehl
- Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ), Großbeeren, Germany
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90
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Ma C, Chen Y, Ding S, Li Z, Shi WG, Zhang Y, Luo ZB. Sulfur nutrition stimulates lead accumulation and alleviates its toxicity in Populus deltoides. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 38:1724-1741. [PMID: 29939370 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpy069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur (S) can modulate plant responses to toxic heavy metals, but the underlying physiological and transcriptional regulation mechanisms remain largely unknown. To investigate the effects of S supply on lead (Pb)-induced toxicity in poplars, Populus deltoides monilifera (Aiton) Eckenw. saplings were exposed to 0 or 50 μM Pb together with one of the three S concentrations (0 (low S), 100 (moderate S) or 1500 (high S) μM Na2SO4). Populus deltoides roots absorbed Pb and it was partially translocated to the aerial organs, thereby decreasing the CO2 assimilation rate and leaf growth. Lead accumulation in poplars caused the overproduction of O2- and H2O2 to induce higher levels of total thiols (T-SH) and glutathione (GSH). Lead uptake by the roots and its accumulation in the aerial organs were repressed by low S application, but stimulated by high S supply. Lead-induced O2- and H2O2 production were exacerbated by S limitation, but alleviated by high S supply. Moreover, the concentrations of S-containing antioxidants including T-SH and GSH were reduced in S-deficient poplars, but increased in high S-treated plants, which corresponded well to the changes in the activities of enzymes involved in S assimilation and GSH biosynthesis. The transcript levels of both genes encoding sulfate transporters, i.e., SULTR1.1 and SULTR2.2, were elevated by low S application or high S supply in the roots, and the transcriptional upregulation of both genes was more pronounced under Pb exposure. Furthermore, the mRNA levels of several genes involved in S assimilation and the biosynthesis of GSH and phytochelatins, i.e., ATPS1, ATPS3, GSHS1, GSHS2 and PCS1, were upregulated in poplar roots with high S supply, particularly under Pb exposure. These results indicate that a high S supply can stimulate Pb accumulation and reduce its toxicity in poplars by improving S assimilation and stimulating the biosynthesis of S-containing compounds including T-SH and GSH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofeng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yinghao Chen
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shen Ding
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ziliang Li
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wen-Guang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
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91
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Abdelkrim S, Jebara SH, Saadani O, Jebara M. Potential of efficient and resistant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria in lead uptake and plant defence stimulation in Lathyrus sativus under lead stress. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2018; 20:857-869. [PMID: 29907996 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The ability of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) to enhance Lathyrus sativus tolerance to lead (Pb) stress was investigated. Ten consortia formed by mixing four efficient and Pb-resistant PGPR strains were assessed for their beneficial effect in improving Pb (0.5 mM) uptake and in inducing the host defence system of L. sativus under hydroponic conditions based on various physiological and biochemical parameters. Lead stress significantly decreased shoot (SDW) and root (RDW) dry weight, but PGPR inoculation improved both dry weights, with highest increases in SDW and RDW of plants inoculated with I5 (R. leguminosarum (M5) + P. fluorescens (K23) + Luteibacter sp. + Variovorax sp.) and I9 (R. leguminosarum (M5) + Variovorax sp. + Luteibacter sp. + S. meliloti) by 151% and 94%, respectively. Additionally, inoculation significantly enhanced both chlorophyll and soluble sugar content, mainly in I5 inoculated leaves by 238% and 71%, respectively, despite the fact that Pb decreased these parameters. We also found that PGPR inoculation helps to reduce oxidative damage and enhances antioxidant enzyme activity, phenolic compound biosynthesis, carotenoids and proline content. PGPR inoculation increased Pb uptake in L. sativus, with highest increase in shoots of plants inoculated with I5 and I7, and in roots and nodules of plants inoculated with I1. Moreover, PGPR inoculation enhanced mineral homeostasis for Ca, Cu and Zn under Pb stress, mainly in plants inoculated with I1, I5, I7 and I9. Results of our study suggest the potential of efficient and Pb-resistant PGPR in alleviating harmful effects of metal stress via activation of various defence mechanisms and enhancing Pb uptake that promotes tolerance of L. sativus to Pb stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Abdelkrim
- Laboratory of Legumes, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, Hammam Lif, Tunisia
- National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - S H Jebara
- Laboratory of Legumes, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, Hammam Lif, Tunisia
| | - O Saadani
- Laboratory of Legumes, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, Hammam Lif, Tunisia
| | - M Jebara
- Laboratory of Legumes, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, Hammam Lif, Tunisia
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92
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Rizvi A, Khan MS. Heavy metal induced oxidative damage and root morphology alterations of maize (Zea mays L.) plants and stress mitigation by metal tolerant nitrogen fixing Azotobacter chroococcum. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 157:9-20. [PMID: 29605647 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.03.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals are one of the major abiotic stresses that adversely affect the quantity and nutritive value of maize. Microbial management involving the use of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is a promising inexpensive strategy for metal clean up from polluted soils. Considering these, metal tolerant plant growth promoting nitrogen fixing rhizobacterial strain CAZ3 identified by 16SrRNA gene sequence analysis as Azotobacter chroococcum was recovered from metal polluted chilli rhizosphere. When exposed to varying levels of metals, A. chroococcum survived up to 1400 and 2000 µg mL-1 of Cu and Pb, respectively and expressed numerous plant growth promoting activities even under metal stress. Strain CAZ3 secreted 65.5 and 60.8 µg mL-1 IAA at 400 µg mL-1 each of Cu and Pb, respectively and produced siderophores, ammonia and ACC deaminase under metal pressure. The melanin extracted from A. chroococcum revealed metal chelating ability under EDX. Following application, strain CAZ3 enhanced growth and yield of maize grown both in the presence of Cu and Pb. The dry biomass of roots of inoculated plants grown with 2007 mg Cu kg-1 and 585 mg Pb kg-1 was increased by 28% and 20%, respectively. At 585 mg Pb kg-1, the bioinoculant also increased the kernel attributes. At 2007 mg Cu kg-1 strain CAZ3 enhanced the number, yield and protein of kernels by 10%, 45% and 6%, respectively. Interestingly, strain CAZ3 significantly reduced the levels of proline, malondialdehyde and antioxidant enzymes in foliage. The roots of inoculated plants accumulated greatest amounts of metals compared to other organs. In kernels, the concentration of Pb was more as compared to Cu. The metal concentrations in roots, shoots and kernels, however, declined following CAZ3 inoculation. Copper and lead had substantial distortive impact on root and leaf morphology while cell death were visible under CLSM and SEM. Conclusively, A. chroococcum CAZ3 could be a most suitable and promising option to increase maize production in metal polluted soils despite the soils being contaminated with heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asfa Rizvi
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Mohd Saghir Khan
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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93
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Díaz Martínez ME, Argumedo-Delira R, Sánchez Viveros G, Alarcón A, Trejo-Téllez LI. Lead phytoextraction from printed circuit computer boards by Lolium perenne L. and Medicago sativa L. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2018; 20:432-439. [PMID: 29053342 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2017.1365339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This work assessed the ability of Lolium perenne and Medicago sativa for extracting lead (Pb) from particulate printed circuit computer boards (PCB) mixed in sand with the following concentrations: 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 g of PCB, and including a control treatment without PCB. The PCB were obtained from computers, and grinded in two particle sizes: 0.0594 mm (PCB1) and 0.0706 mm (PCB2). The PCB particle sizes at their corresponding concentrations were applied to L. perenne and M. sativa by using three experimental assays. In assay II, PCB2 affected the biomass production for both plants. For assay III, the PCB1 increased the biomass of M. sativa (236.5%) and L. perenne (142.2%) when applying either 0.5 or 1.0 g, respectively. In regards to phytoextraction, assay I showed the highest Pb-extraction by roots of L. perenne (4.7%) when exposed to 1.5 g of PCB1. At assay I, L. perenne showed a Pb-bioconcentration factor higher than 1.0 when growing at 0.5 g of PCB1, and when HNO3 was used as digestion solution; moreover, in assay III both plants showed a Pb-translocation factor higher than 1.0. Therefore, Lolium perenne and Medicago sativa are able to recover Pb from electronic wastes (PCB).
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Affiliation(s)
- María Esther Díaz Martínez
- a Posgrado en Ciencias Agropecuarias, Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad Veracruzana. Circuito Gonzalo Aguirre Beltrán s/n , Xalapa , Veracruz , México
| | - Rosalba Argumedo-Delira
- a Posgrado en Ciencias Agropecuarias, Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad Veracruzana. Circuito Gonzalo Aguirre Beltrán s/n , Xalapa , Veracruz , México
- b Biotecnología Microbiana, Unidad de Servicios de Apoyo en Resolución Analítica (SARA), Universidad Veracruzana. Luis Castelazo Ayala s/n, Col. Industrial Animas , Xalapa , Veracruz , México
| | - Gabriela Sánchez Viveros
- a Posgrado en Ciencias Agropecuarias, Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad Veracruzana. Circuito Gonzalo Aguirre Beltrán s/n , Xalapa , Veracruz , México
| | - Alejandro Alarcón
- c Microbiología de Suelos and Nutrición Vegetal, Posgrado de Edafología. Colegio de Postgraduados . Carretera México-Texcoco km 36.5. Montecillo, Estado de México
| | - Libia Iris Trejo-Téllez
- c Microbiología de Suelos and Nutrición Vegetal, Posgrado de Edafología. Colegio de Postgraduados . Carretera México-Texcoco km 36.5. Montecillo, Estado de México
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94
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Ares Á, Itouga M, Kato Y, Sakakibara H. Differential Metal Tolerance and Accumulation Patterns of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in the Liverwort Marchantia polymorpha L. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2018; 100:444-450. [PMID: 29243209 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-017-2241-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the bioaccumulation, tissue distribution and physiological responses to different metal concentration (0.2 and 2 mM) and time of exposure of 1, 2 and 3 weeks with cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) using the model liverwort Marchantia polymorpha. Our data showed, on one hand, a significant enrichment and tissue translocation of Cu, Zn, and specially Cd, reaching concentrations of 1800 µg g- 1 in 3 weeks. On the other hand, Pb exhibited the lowest concentration values (50 µg g- 1), and 90% of the total concentration in the rhizoids. We could observe a positive correlation between tissue concentration, metal translocation and an enhanced toxic response. The results obtained in this study might contribute not only in the application of this species in environmental studies with heavy metals but also as a starting point to study the evolution of metal tolerance in land plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángela Ares
- Plant Productivity Systems Research Group, Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Misao Itouga
- Plant Productivity Systems Research Group, Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yukari Kato
- Plant Productivity Systems Research Group, Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Sakakibara
- Plant Productivity Systems Research Group, Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
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95
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Adejumo SA, Tiwari S, Shinde V, Sarangi BK. Heavy metal (Pb) accumulation in metallophytes as influenced by the variations in rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric soils physico-chemical characteristics. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2018; 20:237-248. [PMID: 29053366 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2017.1374333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Activities at root-soil interface determine the solubility and uptake of metals by plants. Metal accumulation in plant species (Imperata cylindrical, Cynodon dactylon, Eleucine indica, Gomphrena celosoides, Sporobolus pyramidalis, Chromolaena odorata and Rhynchospora corymbosa) growing on Pb contaminated site as influenced by variations in physico-chemical characteristics, dissolved organic matter (DOM), Pb fractionation and different functional groups (using Fourier Transmittance Infra-red) of rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric soils was assessed. The electrical conductivity (2660-5520 µs) and Pb concentrations (51390.0-64080.0 mg/kg) were more in non-rhizospheric than rhizospheric soils having 276 µs to 3160 µs EC and 3289.0 to 44850.0 mg/kg Pb. More nutrients, DOM and carbohydrates functional groups (C-O; 1100 -1000 and O-H; 3700-3600) were found in rhizospheric compared to non-rhizospheric soils. The pH was slightly acidic (5.0-5.54) and E. indica with the lowest pH (5.0) accumulated highest Pb concentrations in shoot (8030 mg/kg) and root (16380 mg/kg) while C. odorata with highest values of pH, P, Ca and Mg in rhizospheric soil accumulated the least (root; 331.6 and shoot: 209.0 mg/kg). Pb was more in organic and residual fractions of rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric soils respectively. Reduction in pH, EC coupled with nutrients and DOM availability increased Pb uptake by plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sifau A Adejumo
- a Environmental Biology Unit, Department of Crop Protection and Environmental Biology , Faculty of Agric and Forestry, University of Ibadan , Ibadan , Nigeria
| | - Sarita Tiwari
- b Department of Science and Technology , Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Government of India , Nehru Marg, Nagpur , Maharashtra , India
| | - Vilas Shinde
- b Department of Science and Technology , Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Government of India , Nehru Marg, Nagpur , Maharashtra , India
| | - Bijaya Ketan Sarangi
- b Department of Science and Technology , Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Government of India , Nehru Marg, Nagpur , Maharashtra , India
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96
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Javed MT, Akram MS, Habib N, Tanwir K, Ali Q, Niazi NK, Gul H, Iqbal N. Deciphering the growth, organic acid exudations, and ionic homeostasis of Amaranthus viridis L. and Portulaca oleracea L. under lead chloride stress. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:2958-2971. [PMID: 29147985 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0735-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) stress adversely affects in planta nutrient homeostasis and metabolism when present at elevated concentration in the surrounding media. The present study was aimed at investigation of organic acid exudations, elemental contents, growth, and lipid peroxidation in two wild plants (Amaranthus viridis L. and Portulaca oleracea L.), exhibiting differential root to shoot Pb translocation, under Pb stress. Plants were placed in soil spiked with lead chloride (PbCl2) concentrations of 0, 15, 30, 45, or 60 mg Pb/kg soil, in rhizoboxes supplied with nylon nets around the roots. The plant mucilage taken from root surfaces, mirroring the rhizospheric solution, was analyzed for various organic acids. Lead stress resulted in a release of basified root exudates from both plants. Exudates of P. oleracea roots showed a higher pH. In both plants, the pH rising effect was diminished at the highest Pb treatment level. The exudation of citric acid, glutamic acid (in both plants), and fumaric acid (in P. oleracea only) was significantly increased with applied Pb levels. In both plant species, root and shoot Pb contents increased while nutrients (Ca, Mg, and K) decreased with increasing Pb treatment levels, predominantly in A. viridis. At 60 mg Pb/kg soil, shoot Na content of A. viridis was significantly higher as compared to untreated control. Higher Pb treatment levels decreased plant fresh and dry masses as well as the quantity of photosynthetic pigments due to enhanced levels of plant H2O2 and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in both species. Photosynthetic, growth, and oxidative stress parameters were grouped into three distinct dendrogram sections depending on their similarities under Pb stress. A positive correlation was identified between Pb contents of studied plants and secretion of different organic acids. It is concluded that Pb stress significantly impaired the growth of A. viridis and P. oleracea as a result of nutritional ion imbalance, and the response was cultivar-specific and dependent on exogenous applied Pb levels. Differential lipid oxidation, uptake of nutrients (Ca, Mg, and K) and exudation of citric acid, fumaric acid, and glutamic acid could serve as suitable physiological indicators for adaptations of P. oleracea to Pb enriched environment. The findings may help in devising strategies for Pb stabilization to soil colloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tariq Javed
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Sohail Akram
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Noman Habib
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Tanwir
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Qasim Ali
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Nabeel Khan Niazi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
- MARUM and Department of Geosciences, University of Bremen, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Huma Gul
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Naeem Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
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97
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Mahmud JA, Hasanuzzaman M, Nahar K, Bhuyan MHMB, Fujita M. Insights into citric acid-induced cadmium tolerance and phytoremediation in Brassica juncea L.: Coordinated functions of metal chelation, antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 147:990-1001. [PMID: 29976011 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a serious environmental threat because it accumulates in plants from soil and is subsequently transported into the food cycle. Increased Cd uptake in plants disrupts plant metabolism and hampers crop growth and development. Therefore, remediation of Cd from soil and enhancing plant tolerance to metal toxicity is vital. In the present study, we investigated the function of different doses of citric acid (CA) on Cd toxicity in terms of metal accumulation and stress tolerance in mustard (Brassica juncea L.). Brassica juncea seedlings (12-day-old) were treated with Cd (0.5mMCd and 1.0mM CdCl2) alone and in combination with CA (0.5mM and 1.0mM) in a semi-hydroponic medium for three days. Cadmium accumulation in the roots and shoots of the mustard seedlings increased in a dose-dependent manner and was higher in the roots. Increasing the Cd concentration led to reduced growth, biomass, water status, and chlorophyll (chl) content resulting from increased oxidative damage (elevated malondialdehyde, MDA content; hydrogen peroxide, H2O2 level; superoxide, O2•- generation; lipoxygenase, LOX activity; and methylglyoxal, MG content) and downregulating of the major enzymes of the antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems. Under Cd stress, both doses of CA improved the growth of the plants by enhancing leaf relative water content (RWC) and chl content; reducing oxidative damage; enhancing the pool of ascorbate (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) and the activities of the antioxidant enzymes (ascorbate peroxidase, APX; monodehydroascorbate reductase, MDHAR; dehydroascorbate reductase, DHAR; glutathione reductase, GR; glutathione peroxidase, GPX; superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT); improving the performance of the glyoxalase system (glyoxalase I, Gly I and glyoxalase II, Gly II activity); and increasing the phytochelatin (PC) content. Exogenous CA also increased the root and shoot Cd content and Cd translocation from the roots to the shoots in a dose-dependent manner. Our findings suggest that CA plays a dual role in mustard seedlings by increasing phytoremediation and enhancing stress tolerance through upregulating the antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jubayer Al Mahmud
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan; Department of Agroforestry and Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh.
| | - Kamrun Nahar
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - M H M Borhannuddin Bhuyan
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan; Citrus Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Jaintapur, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Masayuki Fujita
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan.
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98
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Nawaz F, Naeem M, Akram A, Ashraf MY, Ahmad KS, Zulfiqar B, Sardar H, Shabbir RN, Majeed S, Shehzad MA, Anwar I. Seed priming with KNO 3 mediates biochemical processes to inhibit lead toxicity in maize (Zea mays L.). JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:4780-4789. [PMID: 28369913 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulation of lead (Pb) in agricultural soils has become a major factor for reduced crop yields and poses serious threats to humans consuming agricultural products. The present study investigated the effects of KNO3 seed priming (0 and 0.5% KNO3 ) on growth of maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings exposed to Pb toxicity (0, 1300 and 2550 mg kg-1 Pb). RESULTS Pb exposure markedly reduced the growth of maize seedlings and resulted in higher Pb accumulation in roots than shoots. Pretreatment of seeds with KNO3 significantly improved the germination percentage and increased physiological indices. A stimulating effect of KNO3 seed priming was also observed on pigments (chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents) of Pb-stressed plants. Low translocation of Pb from roots to shoots caused an increased accumulation of total free amino acids and higher activities of catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase in roots as compared to shoot, which were further enhanced by exogenous KNO3 supply to prevent Pb toxicity. CONCLUSION Maize accumulates more Pb in roots than shoot at early growth stages. Priming of seeds with KNO3 prevents Pb toxicity, which may be exploited to improve seedling establishment in crop species grown under Pb contaminated soils. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahim Nawaz
- Department of Agronomy, MNS University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem
- Department of Agronomy, UCA & ES, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Asim Akram
- Department of Agronomy, UCA & ES, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | | | - Khawaja S Ahmad
- Department of Botany, University of Poonch, Rawalakot, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Zulfiqar
- Department of Agronomy, UCA & ES, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Hasan Sardar
- Department of Horticulture, Agriculture College, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Rana N Shabbir
- Department of Agronomy, Agriculture College, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Majeed
- Department of Agronomy, UCA & ES, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | | | - Irfan Anwar
- Department of Agronomy, UCA & ES, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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99
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Mahmud JA, Hasanuzzaman M, Nahar K, Rahman A, Hossain MS, Fujita M. Maleic acid assisted improvement of metal chelation and antioxidant metabolism confers chromium tolerance in Brassica juncea L. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 144:216-226. [PMID: 28624590 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) is a highly toxic environmental pollutant that negatively affects plant growth and development. Thus, remediating Cr from soil or increasing plant tolerance against Cr stress is urgent. Organic acids are recognized as agents of phytoremediation and as exogenous protectants, but using maleic acid (MA) to attain these results has not yet been studied. Therefore, our study investigated the effects of MA on Cr uptake and mitigation of Cr toxicity. We treated 8-d-old Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) seedlings with Cr (0.15mM and 0.3mM K2CrO4, 5 days) alone and in combination with MA (0.25mM) in a semi-hydroponic medium. Under Cr stress, plants accumulated Cr in both the roots and shoots in a dose-dependent manner, where the roots showed higher accumulation. Chromium stress reduced the growth and biomass of the Indian mustard plants by reducing water status and photosynthetic pigments, and increased oxidative damage due to generation of toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) and methylglyoxal (MG). Chromium stress also interfered with the function of the antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems. However, using MA in the Cr-stressed plants further increased Cr uptake in the roots, but it slightly reduced the translocation of Cr from the roots to the shoots at a lower dose of Cr and significantly at a higher dose. Moreover, MA also increased the other non-protein thiols (NPTs) containing phytochelatin (PC) content of the seedlings, which reduced Cr toxicity. Supplementing the stressed plants with MA upregulated the non-enzymatic antioxidants (ascorbate, AsA; glutathione, GSH); the activities of the enzymatic antioxidants including ascorbate peroxidase (APX), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT); and the enzymes of the glyoxalase system including glyoxalase I (Gly I) and glyoxalase II (Gly II); and finally reduced oxidative damage and increased the chlorophyll content and water status as well the growth and biomass of the plants. Our findings suggested two potential uses of MA: first, enhancing phytoremediation, principally phytostabilization and second, working as an exogenous protectant to enhance Cr tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jubayer Al Mahmud
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan; Department of Agroforestry and Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh.
| | - Kamrun Nahar
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan; Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Anisur Rahman
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan; Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shahadat Hossain
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
| | - Masayuki Fujita
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan.
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Mahmud JA, Hasanuzzaman M, Nahar K, Rahman A, Hossain MS, Fujita M. γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) confers chromium stress tolerance in Brassica juncea L. by modulating the antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2017; 26:675-690. [PMID: 28409415 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-017-1800-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) toxicity is hazardous to the seed germination, growth, and development of plants. γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a non-protein amino acid and is involved in stress tolerance in plants. To investigate the effects of GABA in alleviating Cr toxicity, we treated eight-d-old mustard (Brassica juncea L.) seedlings with Cr (0.15 and 0.3 mM K2CrO4, 5 days) alone and in combination with GABA (125 µM) in a semi-hydroponic medium. The roots and shoots of the seedlings accumulated Cr in a dose-dependent manner, which led to an increase in oxidative damage [lipid peroxidation; hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content; superoxide (O2•-) generation; lipoxygenase (LOX) activity], methylglyoxal (MG) content, and disrupted antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems. Chromium stress also reduced growth, leaf relative water content (RWC), and chlorophyll (chl) content but increased phytochelatin (PC) and proline (Pro) content. Furthermore, supplementing the Cr-treated seedlings with GABA reduced Cr uptake and upregulated the non-enzymatic antioxidants (ascorbate, AsA; glutathione, GSH) and the activities of the enzymatic antioxidants including ascorbate peroxidase (APX), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glyoxalase I (Gly I), and glyoxalase II (Gly II), and finally reduced oxidative damage. Adding GABA also increased leaf RWC and chl content, decreased Pro and PC content, and restored plant growth. These findings shed light on the effect of GABA in improving the physiological mechanisms of mustard seedlings in response to Cr stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jubayer Al Mahmud
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa, 761-0795, Japan
- Department of Agroforestry and Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Kamrun Nahar
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa, 761-0795, Japan
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Anisur Rahman
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa, 761-0795, Japan
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shahadat Hossain
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa, 761-0795, Japan
| | - Masayuki Fujita
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa, 761-0795, Japan.
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